ZyXEL Communications AG120 802.11a/g Wireless CardBus Card User Manual ZyXEL G 220F User s Guide V1 00 Oct 2004

ZyXEL Communications Corporation 802.11a/g Wireless CardBus Card ZyXEL G 220F User s Guide V1 00 Oct 2004

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user manual

ZyXEL AG-120802.11a/g Wireless CardBus CardUser’s GuideVersion 1.00Edition 17/2006
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s GuideCopyright 3CopyrightCopyright © 2006 by ZyXEL Communications Corporation.The contents of this publication may not be reproduced in any part or as a whole, transcribed, stored in a retrieval system, translated into any language, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, magnetic, optical, chemical, photocopying, manual, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of ZyXEL Communications Corporation.Published by ZyXEL Communications Corporation. All rights reserved.DisclaimerZyXEL does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any products, or software described herein. Neither does it convey any license under its patent rights nor the patent rights of others. ZyXEL further reserves the right to make changes in any products described herein without notice. This publication is subject to change without notice.TrademarksZyNOS (ZyXEL Network Operating System) is a registered trademark of ZyXEL Communications, Inc. Other trademarks mentioned in this publication are used for identification purposes only and may be properties of their respective owners.
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s Guide4CertificationsCertificationsFederal Communications Commission (FCC) Interference StatementThe device complies with Part 15 of FCC rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions:• This device may not cause harmful interference.• This device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operations.This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy, and if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications.If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio/television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:1Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.2Increase the separation between the equipment and the receiver.3Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected.4Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.FCC Radiation Exposure Statement• The 802.11a/b/g Wireless CardBus Card has been tested to the FCC exposure requirements (Specific Absorption Rate). • Testing was performed on laptop computers with antennas at 0mm spacing. The maximum SAR value is: 1.48W/kg. The device must not be collocated with any other antennas or transmitters.• The equipment complies with FCC RF radiation exposure limits set forth for an uncontrolled environment, under 47 CFR 2.1093 paragraph (d)(2). End users must follow the specific operating instructions for satisfying RF exposure compliance. • This Transmitter must not be co-located or operating in conjunction with any other antenna or transmitter. • For operation within 5.15 ~ 5.25GHz frequency range, it is restricted to indoor environment.
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s GuideCertifications 5注意 !依據 低功率電波輻射性電機管理辦法第十二條 經型式認證合格之低功率射頻電機，非經許可，公司、商號或使用者均不得擅自變更頻率、加大功率或變更原設計之特性及功能。第十四條 低功率射頻電機之使用不得影響飛航安全及干擾合法通信；經發現有干擾現象時，應立即停用，並改善至無干擾時方得繼續使用。前項合法通信，指依電信規定作業之無線電信。低功率射頻電機須忍受合法通信或工業、科學及醫療用電波輻射性電機設備之干擾。 在 5250MHz~5350MHz 頻帶內操作之無線資訊傳輸設備，限於室內使用。Notices Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user's authority to operate the equipment.This product has been designed for the WLAN 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz networks throughout the EC region and Switzerland, with restrictions in France. This Class B digital apparatus complies with Canadian ICES-003.Cet appareil numérique de la classe B est conforme à la norme NMB-003 du Canada.Viewing Certifications1Go to http://www.zyxel.com. 2Select your product from the drop-down list box on the ZyXEL home page to go to that product's page.3Select the certification you wish to view from this page.
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s Guide6ZyXEL Limited WarrantyZyXEL Limited WarrantyZyXEL warrants to the original end user (purchaser) that this product is free from any defects in materials or workmanship for a period of up to two (2) years from the date of purchase. During the warranty period, and upon proof of purchase, should the product have indications of failure due to faulty workmanship and/or materials, ZyXEL will, at its discretion, repair or replace the defective products or components without charge for either parts or labor, and to whatever extent it shall deem necessary to restore the product or components to proper operating condition. Any replacement will consist of a new or re-manufactured functionally equivalent product of equal or higher value, and will be solely at the discretion of ZyXEL. This warranty shall not apply if the product has been modified, misused, tampered with, damaged by an act of God, or subjected to abnormal working conditions.NoteRepair or replacement, as provided under this warranty, is the exclusive remedy of the purchaser. This warranty is in lieu of all other warranties, express or implied, including any implied warranty of merchantability or fitness for a particular use or purpose. ZyXEL shall in no event be held liable for indirect or consequential damages of any kind to the purchaser.To obtain the services of this warranty, contact ZyXEL's Service Center for your Return Material Authorization number (RMA). Products must be returned Postage Prepaid. It is recommended that the unit be insured when shipped. Any returned products without proof of purchase or those with an out-dated warranty will be repaired or replaced (at the discretion of ZyXEL) and the customer will be billed for parts and labor. All repaired or replaced products will be shipped by ZyXEL to the corresponding return address, Postage Paid. This warranty gives you specific legal rights, and you may also have other rights that vary from country to country.Online RegistrationRegister your product online to receive e-mail notices of firmware upgrades and information at www.zyxel.com for global products, or at www.us.zyxel.com for North American products.
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s GuideSafety Warnings 7Safety WarningsFor your safety, be sure to read and follow all warning notices and instructions.• Do NOT use this product near water, for example, in a wet basement or near a swimming pool.• Do NOT expose your device to dampness, dust or corrosive liquids.• Do NOT store things on the device.• Do NOT install, use, or service this device during a thunderstorm. There is a remote risk of electric shock from lightning.• Connect ONLY suitable accessories to the device.• ONLY qualified service personnel should service or disassemble this device. • Do not use the device outside, and make sure all the connections are indoors. There is a remote risk of electric shock from lightning. This product is recyclable. Dispose of it properly.
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s Guide8Customer SupportCustomer SupportPlease have the following information ready when you contact customer support.• Product model and serial number.• Warranty Information.• Date that you received your device.• Brief description of the problem and the steps you took to solve it.METHODLOCATIONSUPPORT E-MAIL TELEPHONE WEB SITEREGULAR MAILSALES E-MAIL FAX FTP SITECORPORATE HEADQUARTERS (WORLDWIDE)support@zyxel.com.tw +886-3-578-3942 www.zyxel.comwww.europe.zyxel.comZyXEL Communications Corp.6 Innovation Road IIScience ParkHsinchu 300Ta i w a nsales@zyxel.com.tw +886-3-578-2439 ftp.zyxel.comftp.europe.zyxel.comCOSTA RICAsoporte@zyxel.co.cr +506-2017878 www.zyxel.co.cr ZyXEL Costa RicaPlaza Roble EscazúEtapa El Patio, Tercer PisoSan José, Costa Ricasales@zyxel.co.cr +506-2015098 ftp.zyxel.co.crCZECH REPUBLICinfo@cz.zyxel.com +420-241-091-350 www.zyxel.cz ZyXEL CommunicationsCzech s.r.o.Modranská 621143 01 Praha 4 - ModranyCeská Republikainfo@cz.zyxel.com +420-241-091-359DENMARKsupport@zyxel.dk +45-39-55-07-00 www.zyxel.dk ZyXEL Communications A/SColumbusvej2860 SoeborgDenmarksales@zyxel.dk +45-39-55-07-07FINLANDsupport@zyxel.fi +358-9-4780-8411 www.zyxel.fi ZyXEL Communications OyMalminkaari 1000700 HelsinkiFinlandsales@zyxel.fi +358-9-4780 8448FRANCEinfo@zyxel.fr +33-4-72-52-97-97 www.zyxel.fr ZyXEL France 1 rue des VergersBat. 1 / C69760 Limonest France+33-4-72-52-19-20GERMANYsupport@zyxel.de +49-2405-6909-0 www.zyxel.de ZyXEL Deutschland GmbH.Adenauerstr. 20/A2 D-52146WuerselenGermanysales@zyxel.de +49-2405-6909-99HUNGARYsupport@zyxel.hu +36-1-3361649 www.zyxel.hu ZyXEL Hungary48, Zoldlomb Str.H-1025, BudapestHungaryinfo@zyxel.hu +36-1-3259100KAZAKHSTANhttp://zyxel.kz/support +7-3272-590-698 www.zyxel.kz ZyXEL Kazakhstan43, Dostyk ave.,Office 414Dostyk Business Centre050010, AlmatyRepublic of Kazakhstansales@zyxel.kz +7-3272-590-689NORTH AMERICAsupport@zyxel.com 1-800-255-4101+1-714-632-0882www.us.zyxel.com ZyXEL Communications Inc.1130 N. Miller St.AnaheimCA 92806-2001U.S.A.sales@zyxel.com +1-714-632-0858 ftp.us.zyxel.com
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s GuideCustomer Support 9+” is the (prefix) number you enter to make an international telephone call. NORWAYsupport@zyxel.no +47-22-80-61-80 www.zyxel.no ZyXEL Communications A/SNils Hansens vei 130667 OsloNorwaysales@zyxel.no +47-22-80-61-81POLANDinfo@pl.zyxel.com +48 (22) 333 8250 www.pl.zyxel.com ZyXEL Communicationsul. Okrzei 1A03-715 WarszawaPoland+48 (22) 333 8251RUSSIAhttp://zyxel.ru/support +7-095-542-89-29 www.zyxel.ru ZyXEL RussiaOstrovityanova 37a Str.Moscow, 117279Russiasales@zyxel.ru +7-095-542-89-25SPAINsupport@zyxel.es +34-902-195-420 www.zyxel.es ZyXEL CommunicationsArte, 21 5ª planta28033 MadridSpainsales@zyxel.es +34-913-005-345SWEDENsupport@zyxel.se +46-31-744-7700 www.zyxel.se ZyXEL Communications A/SSjöporten 4, 41764 GöteborgSwedensales@zyxel.se +46-31-744-7701UKRAINEsupport@ua.zyxel.com +380-44-247-69-78 www.ua.zyxel.com ZyXEL Ukraine13, Pimonenko Str.Kiev, 04050Ukrainesales@ua.zyxel.com +380-44-494-49-32UNITED KINGDOMsupport@zyxel.co.uk +44-1344 30304408707 555779 (UK only) www.zyxel.co.uk ZyXEL Communications UKLtd.,11 The Courtyard,Eastern Road, Bracknell,Berkshire, RG12 2XB,United Kingdom (UK)sales@zyxel.co.uk +44-1344 303034 ftp.zyxel.co.ukMETHODLOCATIONSUPPORT E-MAIL TELEPHONE WEB SITEREGULAR MAILSALES E-MAIL FAX FTP SITE
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s Guide10 Customer Support
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s GuideTable of Contents 11Table of ContentsCopyright .................................................................................................................. 3Certifications ............................................................................................................ 4ZyXEL Limited Warranty.......................................................................................... 6Safety Warnings ....................................................................................................... 7Customer Support.................................................................................................... 8Table of Contents ................................................................................................... 11List of Figures ........................................................................................................ 15List of Tables .......................................................................................................... 17Preface .................................................................................................................... 19Chapter 1Getting Started ....................................................................................................... 211.1 About Your AG-120 ..........................................................................................211.2 Application Overview .........................................................................................211.2.0.1 Infrastructure ...................................................................................211.2.0.2 Ad-Hoc ............................................................................................221.3 AG-120 Hardware and Utility Installation ...........................................................231.3.1 ZyXEL Utility Icon ....................................................................................231.4 Configuration Methods ......................................................................................231.4.1 Enabling WZC ...........................................................................................231.4.2 Accessing the ZyXEL Utility .....................................................................24Chapter 2Tutorial .................................................................................................................... 252.1 Connecting to a Wireless LAN ..........................................................................252.2 Creating and Using a Profile ..............................................................................27Chapter 3Wireless LAN Network ........................................................................................... 313.1 Wireless LAN Overview ....................................................................................313.2 Wireless LAN Security ......................................................................................323.2.1 User Authentication and Encryption .........................................................323.2.1.1 WEP ................................................................................................32
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s Guide12 Table of Contents3.2.1.2 IEEE 802.1x ....................................................................................333.2.1.3 WPA and WPA2 ..............................................................................343.3 Introduction to OTIST .....................................................................................343.3.1 Enabling OTIST ........................................................................................343.3.1.1 AP ...................................................................................................353.3.1.2 Wireless Client ................................................................................353.3.2 Starting OTIST .........................................................................................363.3.3 Notes on OTIST ........................................................................................36Chapter 4ZyXEL Utility Configuration .................................................................................. 394.1 The Link Info Screen ..........................................................................................394.1.1 Trend Chart ...............................................................................................404.2 The Site Survey Screen .....................................................................................414.2.1 Security Settings .......................................................................................434.2.1.1 WEP Encryption ..............................................................................434.2.1.2 WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK .....................................................................444.2.1.3 WPA-RADIUS/WPA2-RADIUS ........................................................454.2.1.4 RADIUS ...........................................................................................464.2.2 Confirm New Settings ...............................................................................474.3 The Profile Screen .............................................................................................484.3.1 Adding a New Profile ................................................................................504.4 The Advanced Screen ........................................................................................544.5 The Adapter Screen ...........................................................................................55Chapter 5Maintenance ........................................................................................................... 575.1 The About Screen .............................................................................................575.2 Uninstalling the ZyXEL Utility ............................................................................575.3 Upgrading the ZyXEL Utility ..............................................................................58Chapter 6 Troubleshooting .................................................................................................. 616.1 Problems Starting the ZyXEL Utility ...................................................................616.2 Problem with the Link Quality .............................................................................616.3 Problems Communicating With Other Computers .............................................62Appendix AProduct Specifications .......................................................................................... 63Appendix BManagement with Wireless Zero Configuration.................................................. 65Appendix C
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s GuideTable of Contents 13Wireless Security ................................................................................................... 77Appendix DSetting up Your Computer’s IP Address.............................................................. 83Index........................................................................................................................ 95
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s Guide14 Table of Contents
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s GuideList of Figures 15List of FiguresFigure 1 Application: Infrastructure ....................................................................... 22Figure 2 Application: Ad-Hoc ................................................................................ 22Figure 3 ZyXEL Utility: System Tray Icon .............................................................. 23Figure 4 Enable WZC ............................................................................................. 24Figure 5 Infrastructure Network .............................................................................. 25Figure 6 ZyXEL Utility: Site Survey ........................................................................ 26Figure 7 ZyXEL Utility: Security Setting ................................................................ 26Figure 8 ZyXEL Utility: Confirm New Settings ....................................................... 27Figure 9 ZyXEL Utility: Link Info ............................................................................ 27Figure 10 ZyXEL Utility: Profile .............................................................................. 28Figure 11 ZyXEL Utility: Add New Profile ............................................................... 28Figure 12 ZyXEL Utility: Profile Security ................................................................ 29Figure 13 ZyXEL Utility: Profile Encryption ............................................................ 29Figure 14 ZyXEL Utility: Profile Confirm New Settings .......................................... 29Figure 15 ZyXEL Utility: Profile Activate ................................................................ 30Figure 16 Example of a Wireless Network ............................................................. 31Figure 17 Link Info ................................................................................................ 39Figure 18 Station Mode: Link Info: Trend Chart .................................................... 41Figure 19 Site Survey ............................................................................................ 42Figure 20 Security Setting: WEP .......................................................................... 43Figure 21 Security Setting: WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK ................................................ 44Figure 22 Security Setting: WPA-RADIUS/WPA2-RADIUS ................................... 45Figure 23 Security Setting: RADIUS ..................................................................... 46Figure 24 Confirm New Settings ........................................................................... 47Figure 25 Profile ................................................................................................... 49Figure 26 Profile: Add a New Profile ..................................................................... 50Figure 27 Profile: Select a Channel ...................................................................... 52Figure 28 Profile: Security Settings ....................................................................... 53Figure 29 Profile: Security Settings ....................................................................... 53Figure 30 Profile: Confirm New Settings ............................................................... 54Figure 31 Profile: Activate the Profile .................................................................... 54Figure 32 Advanced ............................................................................................... 55Figure 33 Adapter ................................................................................................. 55Figure 34 About ..................................................................................................... 57Figure 35 Uninstall: Confirm ................................................................................. 58Figure 36 Uninstall: Finish ..................................................................................... 58Figure 37 Windows XP SP2: WZC Not Available .................................................. 65Figure 38 Windows XP SP2: System Tray Icon ..................................................... 66
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s Guide16 List of FiguresFigure 39 Windows XP SP2: Wireless Network Connection Status ....................... 66Figure 40 Windows XP SP1: Wireless Network Connection Status ....................... 67Figure 41 Windows XP SP2: Wireless Network Connection .................................. 67Figure 42 Windows XP SP1: Wireless Network Connection Properties ................ 68Figure 43 Windows XP SP2: Wireless Network Connection: WEP or WPA-PSK .. 69Figure 44 Windows XP SP2: Wireless Network Connection: No Security ............ 69Figure 45 Windows XP: Wireless (network) properties: Association ..................... 70Figure 46 Windows XP: Wireless (network) properties: Authentication ................. 71Figure 47 Windows XP: Protected EAP Properties ................................................ 72Figure 48 Windows XP: Smart Card or other Certificate Properties ...................... 73Figure 49 Windows XP SP2: Wireless Networks: Preferred Networks .................. 75Figure 50 Windows XP SP1: Wireless Networks: Preferred Networks .................. 75Figure 51 WPA-PSK Authentication ....................................................................... 81Figure 52 WPA(2) with RADIUS Application Example ........................................... 82Figure 53 WIndows 95/98/Me: Network: Configuration .......................................... 84Figure 54 Windows 95/98/Me: TCP/IP Properties: IP Address .............................. 85Figure 55 Windows 95/98/Me: TCP/IP Properties: DNS Configuration ................. 86Figure 56 Windows XP: Start Menu ....................................................................... 87Figure 57 Windows XP: Control Panel ................................................................... 87Figure 58 Windows XP: Control Panel: Network Connections: Properties ............ 88Figure 59 Windows XP: Local Area Connection Properties ................................... 88Figure 60 Windows XP: Advanced TCP/IP Settings .............................................. 89Figure 61 Windows XP: Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties .............................. 90Figure 62 Macintosh OS 8/9: Apple Menu ............................................................. 91Figure 63 Macintosh OS 8/9: TCP/IP ..................................................................... 91Figure 64 Macintosh OS X: Apple Menu ................................................................ 92Figure 65 Macintosh OS X: Network ...................................................................... 93
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s GuideList of Tables 17List of TablesTable 1 ZyXEL Utility: System Tray Icon ............................................................... 23Table 2 Link Info .................................................................................................... 39Table 3 Station Mode: Link Info: Trend Chart ........................................................ 41Table 4 Site Survey ............................................................................................... 42Table 5 Security Setting: WEP .............................................................................. 43Table 6 Security Setting: WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK ................................................... 45Table 7 Security Setting: WPA-RADIUS/WPA2-RADIUS ...................................... 45Table 8 Security Setting: RADIUS ......................................................................... 47Table 9 Confirm New Settings ............................................................................... 48Table 10 Profile ..................................................................................................... 49Table 11 Profile: Add a New Profile ....................................................................... 50Table 12 Profile: Select a Channel ........................................................................ 52Table 13 Adapter ................................................................................................... 56Table 14 About ...................................................................................................... 57Table 15 Troubleshooting Starting ZyXEL Utility ................................................... 61Table 16 Troubleshooting Link Quality .................................................................. 61Table 17 Troubleshooting Communication Problem .............................................. 62Table 18 Product Specifications ............................................................................ 63Table 19 Windows XP SP2: System Tray Icon ...................................................... 66Table 20 Windows XP SP2: Wireless Network Connection .................................. 68Table 21 Windows XP: Wireless Networks ........................................................... 69Table 22 Windows XP: Wireless (network) properties: Association ...................... 70Table 23 Windows XP: Wireless (network) properties: Authentication .................. 71Table 24 Windows XP: Protected EAP Properties ................................................ 73Table 25 Windows XP: Smart Card or other Certificate Properties ....................... 74Table 26 Comparison of EAP Authentication Types .............................................. 79Table 27 Wireless Security Relational Matrix ........................................................ 82
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s Guide18 List of Tables
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s GuidePreface 19PrefaceCongratulations on your purchase of the ZyXEL AG-120 802.11a/g Wireless CardBus Card. Your AG-120 is easy to install and configure. About This User's GuideThis manual is designed to guide you through the configuration of your AG-120 for its various applications. Related Documentation• Supporting DiskRefer to the included CD for support documents.• Quick Start Guide The Quick Start Guide is designed to help you get up and running right away. It contains hardware installation/connection information.• ZyXEL Web SitePlease go to http://www.zyxel.com for product news, firmware, updated documents, and other support materials.User Guide Feedback Help us help you. E-mail all User Guide-related comments, questions or suggestions for improvement to techwriters@zyxel.com.tw or send regular mail to The Technical Writing Team, ZyXEL Communications Corp., 6 Innovation Road II, Science-Based Industrial Park, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan. Thank you. Syntax Conventions• “Enter” means for you to type one or more characters. “Select” or “Choose” means for you to use one predefined choice.• Mouse action sequences are denoted using a comma. For example, “In Windows, click Start, Settings and then Control Panel” means first click the Start button, then point your mouse pointer to Settings and then click Control Panel.• “e.g.,” is a shorthand for “for instance”, and “i.e.,” means “that is” or “in other words”.• The ZyXEL AG-120 802.11a/g Wireless CardBus Card may be referred to as the AG-120 in this user’s guide.
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s Guide20 PrefaceGraphics Icons KeyWireless Access Point Computer Notebook Computer Server Modem or Router Wireless Signal Internet Cloud
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s GuideChapter 1 Getting Started 21CHAPTER 1Getting StartedThis chapter introduces the AG-120 and prepares you to use the ZyXEL utility.1.1 About Your AG-120 The AG-120 is an IEEE 802.11a/b/g compliant wireless LAN adapter. The ZyXEL utility is a tool that helps you configure your AG-120. See the appendix for detailed product specifications.1.2 Application Overview This section describes some network applications for the AG-120. You can either set the network type to Infrastructure and connect to an AP or use Ad-Hoc mode and connect to a peer computer (another wireless device in Ad-Hoc mode).1.2.0.1 Infrastructure To connect to a network via an access point (AP), set the AG-120 network type to Infrastructure. Through the AP, you can access the Internet or the wired network behind the AP.
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s Guide22 Chapter 1 Getting StartedFigure 1 Application: Infrastructure 1.2.0.2 Ad-Hoc To set up a small independent wireless workgroup without an AP, use Ad-Hoc.Ad-Hoc does not require an AP or a wired network. Two or more wireless clients communicate directly to each other. Figure 2 Application: Ad-Hoc
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s GuideChapter 1 Getting Started 231.3 AG-120 Hardware and Utility InstallationFollow the instructions in the Quick Start Guide to install the ZyXEL utility and make hardware connections.1.3.1 ZyXEL Utility Icon After you install and start the ZyXEL utility, an icon for the ZyXEL utility appears in the system tray.Note: The ZyXEL utility system tray icon displays only when the AG-120 is installed properly.When you use the ZyXEL utility, it automatically disables WZC.Figure 3 ZyXEL Utility: System Tray Icon The color of the ZyXEL utility system tray icon indicates the status of the AG-120. Refer to the following table for details. 1.4 Configuration Methods To configure your AG-120, use one of the following applications:• Wireless Zero Configuration (WZC) (the Windows XP wireless configuration tool)• ZyXEL Utility1.4.1 Enabling WZC Note: When you use the ZyXEL utility, it automatically disables WZC. If you want to use WZC to configure the AG-120, you need to disable the ZyXEL utility by right-clicking the utility icon ( ) in the system tray and selecting Use Windows to configure my wireless network settings. Table 1 ZyXEL Utility: System Tray Icon COLOR DESCRIPTIONRed The AG-120 is not connected to a wireless network or is searching for an available wireless network. Green The AG-120 is connected to a wireless network.
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s Guide24 Chapter 1 Getting StartedFigure 4 Enable WZCRefer to the appendices for information on how to use WZC to manage the AG-120.To re-activate the ZyXEL utility, double-click the ( ) icon on your desktop or click Start, (All) Programs, ZyXEL AG-120 Utility, ZyXEL AG-120 Utility GUI.1.4.2 Accessing the ZyXEL Utility Double-click on the ZyXEL wireless LAN utility icon in the system tray to open the ZyXEL utility. The ZyXEL utility screens are similar in all Microsoft Windows versions. Screens for Windows XP are shown in this User’s Guide. Note: Click the icon (located in the top right corner) to display the online help window.
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s GuideChapter 2 Tutorial 25CHAPTER 2TutorialThe following sections show you how to join a wireless network using the ZyXEL utility, as in the following diagrams. The wireless client is labeled C and the access point is labeled AP. Figure 5 Infrastructure NetworkThere are three ways to connect the wireless client to a network.• Configure nothing and leave the wireless client to automatically scan for and connect to any available network that has no wireless security configured.• Manually connect to a network (see Section 2.1 on page 25).• Configure a profile to have the wireless client automatically connect to a specific network or peer computer (see Section 2.2 on page 27). 2.1 Connecting to a Wireless LAN This example illustrates how to manually connect your wireless client to an access point (AP) which is configured for WPA-PSK security and connected to the Internet. Before you connect to the access point, you must know its Service Set IDentity (SSID) and WPA-PSK pre-shared key. In this example, the SSID is “SSID_Example3” and the pre-shared key is “ThisismyWPA-PSKpre-sharedkey” in the AP. After you install the ZyXEL utility and then insert the wireless client, follow the steps below to connect to a network using the Site Survey screen. 1Open the ZyXEL utility and click the Site Survey tab to open the screen as shown next.
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s Guide26 Chapter 2 TutorialFigure 6 ZyXEL Utility: Site Survey2The wireless client automatically searches for available wireless networks. Click Scan if you want to search again. If no entry displays in the Available Network List, that means there is no wireless network available within range. Make sure the AP or peer computer is turned on, or move the wireless client closer to the AP or peer computer. See Table 4 on page 42 for detailed field descriptions.3To connect to an AP or peer computer, either click an entry in the list and then click Connect or double-click an entry (with a SSID of SSID_Examples3 in this example). 4When you try to connect to an AP with security configured, a window will pop up prompting you to specify the security settings. Enter the pre-shared key and leave the encryption type at the default setting.Use the Next button to move on to the next screen. You can use the Back button at any time to return to the previous screen, or the Exit button to return to the Site Survey screen.Figure 7 ZyXEL Utility: Security Setting 5The Confirm New Settings window appears. Check your settings and click Save to continue.
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s GuideChapter 2 Tutorial 27Figure 8 ZyXEL Utility: Confirm New Settings 6The ZyXEL utility returns to the Link Info screen while it connects to the wireless network using your settings. When the wireless link is established, the ZyXEL utility icon in the system tray turns green and the Link Info screen displays details of the active connection. Check the network information in the Link Info screen to verify that you have successfully connected to the selected network. If the wireless client is not connected to a network, the fields in this screen remain blank. See Table 2 on page 39 for detailed field descriptions.Figure 9 ZyXEL Utility: Link Info 7Open your Internet browser and enter http://www.zyxel.com or the URL of any other web site in the address bar. If you are able to access the web site, your wireless connection is successfully configured. If you cannot access the web site, check the Troubleshooting section of this User's Guide or contact your network administrator if necessary.2.2 Creating and Using a ProfileA profile lets you automatically connect to the same wireless network every time you use the ZyXEL utility. You can also configure different profiles for different networks, for example if you connect a notebook computer to wireless networks at home and at work.
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s Guide28 Chapter 2 TutorialThis example illustrates how to set up a profile and connect the wireless client to an access point configured for WPA-PSK security. In this example, the SSID is “SSID_Example3” and the pre-shared key is “ThisismyWPA-PSKpre-sharedkey” in the AP. You have chosen the profile name “PN_Example3”.1Open the ZyXEL utility and click the Profile tab to open the screen as shown. Click Add to configure a new profile.Figure 10 ZyXEL Utility: Profile2The Add New Profile screen appears. The wireless client automatically searches for available wireless networks, which are displayed in the Scan Info box. You can also configure your profile for a wireless network that is not in the list. Figure 11 ZyXEL Utility: Add New Profile3Give the profile a descriptive name (of up to 32 printable ASCII characters). Select Infrastructure and either manually enter or select the AP's SSID in the Scan Info table and click Select.4Choose the same encryption method as the AP to which you want to connect (In this example, WPA-PSK).
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s GuideChapter 2 Tutorial 29Figure 12 ZyXEL Utility: Profile Security5This screen varies depending on the encryption method you selected in the previous screen. In this example, enter the pre-shared key and leave the encryption type at the default setting.Figure 13 ZyXEL Utility: Profile Encryption6Verify the profile settings in the ready-only screen. Click Save to save and go to the next screen. Figure 14 ZyXEL Utility: Profile Confirm New Settings7Click Activate Now to use the new profile immediately. Otherwise, click the Activate Later button to go back to the Profile List screen. If you clicked Activate Later you can select the profile from the list in the Profile screen and click Connect to activate it.
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s Guide30 Chapter 2 TutorialNote: Only one profile can be activated and used at any given time.Figure 15 ZyXEL Utility: Profile Activate8When you activate the new profile, the ZyXEL utility goes to the Link Info screen while it connects to the AP using your settings. When the wireless link is established, the ZyXEL utility icon in the system tray turns green and the Link Info screen displays details of the active connection. 9Make sure the selected AP in the active profile is connected to the Internet. Open your Internet browser, enter http://www.zyxel.com or the URL of any other web site in the address bar and press ENTER. If you are able to access the web site, your new profile is successfully configured. 10If you cannot access the Internet, go back to the Profile screen. Select the profile you are using and click Edit. Check the details you entered previously. Also, refer to the Troubleshooting section of this User's Guide or contact your network administrator if necessary.
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s GuideChapter 3 Wireless LAN Network 31CHAPTER 3Wireless LAN NetworkThis chapter provides background information on wireless LAN network.3.1 Wireless LAN Overview The following figure provides an example of a wireless network with an AP. See Figure 2 on page 22 for an Ad Hoc network example.Figure 16 Example of a Wireless NetworkThe wireless network is the part in the blue circle. In this wireless network, devices A and B are called wireless clients. The wireless clients use the access point (AP) to interact with other devices (such as the printer) or with the InternetEvery wireless network must follow these basic guidelines.• Every device in the same wireless network must use the same SSID.The SSID is the name of the wireless network. It stands for Service Set IDentity.• If two wireless networks overlap, they should use a different channel.Like radio stations or television channels, each wireless network uses a specific channel, or frequency, to send and receive information.
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s Guide32 Chapter 3 Wireless LAN Network• Every device in the same wireless network must use security compatible with the AP or peer computer.Security stops unauthorized devices from using the wireless network. It can also protect the information that is sent in the wireless network.3.2 Wireless LAN Security Wireless LAN security is vital to your network to protect wireless communications.Configure the wireless LAN security using the Profile Security Setting screen. If you do not enable any wireless security on your AG-120, the AG-120’s wireless communications are accessible to any wireless networking device that is in the coverage area. Note: You can only use WEP encryption if you set the AG-120 to Ad-hoc mode.See the appendices for more detailed information about wireless security.This type of security does not protect the information that is sent in the wireless network. Furthermore, there are ways for unauthorized wireless devices to get the MAC address of an authorized device. Then, they can use that MAC address to use the wireless network.3.2.1 User Authentication and EncryptionYou can make every user log in to the wireless network before they can use it. This is called user authentication. However, every wireless client in the wireless network has to support IEEE 802.1x to do this.Wireless networks can use encryption to protect the information that is sent in the wireless network. Encryption is like a secret code. If you do not know the secret code, you cannot understand the message.3.2.1.1 WEP3.2.1.1.1 Data Encryption WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy) encryption scrambles all data packets transmitted between the AG-120 and the AP or other wireless stations to keep network communications private. Both the wireless stations and the access points must use the same WEP key for data encryption and decryption.There are two ways to create WEP keys in your AG-120.• Automatic WEP key generation based on a “password phrase” called a passphrase. The passphrase is case sensitive. You must use the same passphrase for all WLAN adapters with this feature in the same WLAN.
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s GuideChapter 3 Wireless LAN Network 33For WLAN adapters without the passphrase feature, you can still take advantage of this feature by writing down the four automatically generated WEP keys from the Security Setting screen of the ZyXEL utility and entering them manually as the WEP keys in the other WLAN adapter(s).• Enter the WEP keys manually.Your AG-120 allows you to configure up to four 64-bit, 128-bit or 256-bit WEP keys and only one key is used as the default key at any one time.3.2.1.1.2 Authentication Type The IEEE 802.11a/b/g standard describes a simple authentication method between the wireless stations and AP. Three authentication types are defined: Auto, Open System and Shared Key.• Open System mode is implemented for ease-of-use and when security is not an issue. The wireless station and the AP or peer computer do not share a secret key. Thus the wireless stations can associate with any AP or peer computer and listen to any transmitted data that is not encrypted.• Shared Key mode involves a shared secret key to authenticate the wireless station to the AP or peer computer. This requires you to enable the wireless LAN security and use same settings on both the wireless station and the AP or peer computer.• Auto authentication mode allows the AG-120 to switch between the open system and shared key modes automatically. Use the auto mode if you do not know the authentication mode of the other wireless stations.3.2.1.2 IEEE 802.1x The IEEE 802.1x standard outlines enhanced security methods for both the authentication of wireless stations and encryption key management. Authentication can be done using an external RADIUS server.3.2.1.2.1 EAP Authentication EAP (Extensible Authentication Protocol) is an authentication protocol that runs on top of the IEEE 802.1x transport mechanism in order to support multiple types of user authentication. By using EAP to interact with an EAP-compatible RADIUS server, an access point helps a wireless station and a RADIUS server perform authentication. The type of authentication you use depends on the RADIUS server and an intermediary AP(s) that supports IEEE 802.1x. The AG-120 supports EAP-TLS and EAP-PEAP. Refer to Appendix C on page 77 for descriptions.For EAP-TLS authentication type, you must first have a wired connection to the network and obtain the certificate(s) from a certificate authority (CA). A certificate (also called digital IDs) can be used to authenticate users and a CA issues certificates and guarantees the identity of each certificate owner.
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s Guide34 Chapter 3 Wireless LAN Network3.2.1.3 WPA and WPA2 Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA) is a subset of the IEEE 802.11i standard. WPA2 (IEEE 802.11i) is a wireless security standard that defines stronger encryption, authentication and key management than WPA. Key differences between WPA(2) and WEP are improved data encryption and user authentication.Both WPA and WPA2 improve data encryption by using Temporal Key Integrity Protocol (TKIP), Message Integrity Check (MIC) and IEEE 802.1x. WPA and WPA2 use Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) in the Counter mode with Cipher block chaining Message authentication code Protocol (CCMP) to offer stronger encryption than TKIP.If both an AP and the wireless clients support WPA2 and you have an external RADIUS server, use WPA2 for stronger data encryption. If you don't have an external RADIUS server, you should use WPA2-PSK (WPA2-Pre-Shared Key) that only requires a single (identical) password entered into each access point, wireless gateway and wireless client. As long as the passwords match, a wireless client will be granted access to a WLAN. If the AP or the wireless clients do not support WPA2, just use WPA or WPA-PSK depending on whether you have an external RADIUS server or not.Select WEP only when the AP and/or wireless clients do not support WPA or WPA2. WEP is less secure than WPA or WPA2.3.3 Introduction to OTIST In a wireless network, the wireless clients must have the same SSID and security settings as the access point (AP) or wireless router (we will refer to both as “AP” here) in order to associate with it. Traditionally this meant that you had to configure the settings on the AP and then manually configure the exact same settings on each wireless client.OTIST (One-Touch Intelligent Security Technology) allows you to transfer your AP’s SSID and WEP or WPA-PSK security settings to wireless clients that support OTIST and are within transmission range. You can also choose to have OTIST generate a WPA-PSK key for you if you didn’t configure one manually.3.3.1 Enabling OTISTYou must enable OTIST on both the AP and wireless client before you start transferring settings.We use the P-334U in this guide as the example AP. Screens may vary slightly for your ZyXEL devices.Note: The AP and wireless client(s) MUST use the same Setup key.
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s GuideChapter 3 Wireless LAN Network 353.3.1.1 APOn the P-334U, you can enable OTIST using the OTIST button or the web configurator. If you use the OTIST button, the default (01234567) or previous saved (through the web configurator) Setup key is used to encrypt the settings that you want to transfer.Hold in the OTIST button for about two seconds. In the web configurator, go to the Wireless LAN main screen and then select OTIST. To change the Setup key, enter zero to eight printable characters. To have OTIST automatically generate a WPA-PSK key, select the Yes check box. If you manually configured a WEP key or a WPA-PSK key and you also selected this check box, then the key you manually configured is used. 3.3.1.2 Wireless ClientStart the ZyXEL utility and click the Adapter tab. Select the OTIST check box, enter the same Setup Key as your AP’s and click Save.
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s Guide36 Chapter 3 Wireless LAN Network3.3.2 Starting OTIST Note: You must click Start in the AP OTIST web configurator screen and in the wireless client(s) Adapter screen all within three minutes (at the time of writing). You can start OTIST in the wireless clients and AP in any order but they must all be within range and have OTIST enabled. 3.3.3 Notes on OTIST1If you enabled OTIST in the wireless client, you see this screen each time you start the utility. Click Ye s for it to search for an OTIST-enabled AP.2If an OTIST-enabled wireless client loses its wireless connection for more than ten seconds, it will search for an OTIST-enabled AP for up to one minute. (If you manually 1In the AP, a web configurator screen pops up showing you the security settings to transfer. After reviewing the settings, click OK.2This screen appears while OTIST settings are being transferred. It closes when the transfer is complete. • In the wireless client, you see this screen if it can't find an OTIST-enabled AP (with the same Setup key). Click OK to go back to the ZyXEL utility main screen.• If there is more than one OTIST-enabled AP within range, you see a screen asking you to select one AP to get settings from.
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s GuideChapter 3 Wireless LAN Network 37have the wireless client search for an OTIST-enabled AP, there is no timeout; click Cancel in the OTIST progress screen to stop the search.)3When the wireless client finds an OTIST-enabled AP, you must still click Start in the AP OTIST web configurator screen or hold in the Reset button (for one or two seconds) for the AP to transfer settings.4If you change the SSID or the keys on the AP after using OTIST, you need to run OTIST again or enter them manually in the wireless client(s).5If you configure OTIST to generate a WPA-PSK key, this key changes each time you run OTIST. Therefore, if a new wireless client joins your wireless network, you need to run OTIST on the AP and ALL the wireless clients again.
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s Guide38 Chapter 3 Wireless LAN Network
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s GuideChapter 4 ZyXEL Utility Configuration 39CHAPTER 4ZyXEL Utility ConfigurationThis chapter shows you how to configure your AG-120 using the ZyXEL utility.4.1 The Link Info Screen When the ZyXEL utility starts, the Link Info screen displays, showing the current configuration and connection status of your AG-120.Figure 17 Link Info The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 2 Link Info LABEL DESCRIPTIONWireless Network StatusProfile Name This is the name of the profile you are currently using.Network Name (SSID)The SSID identifies the wireless network to which a wireless station is associated. This field displays the name of the wireless device to which the AG-120 is associated.
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s Guide40 Chapter 4 ZyXEL Utility Configuration4.1.1 Trend Chart Click Trend Chart in the Link Info screen to display a screen as shown below. Use this screen to view real-time data traffic statistics.AP MAC Address This field displays the MAC address of the AP or peer computer to which the AG-120 is associated.Network Type This field displays the network type (Infrastructure or Ad-Hoc) of the wireless network.Transmission Rate This field displays the current transmission rate of the AG-120 in megabits per second (Mbps).Security This field displays whether data encryption is activated (WEP (WEP or 802.1x), TKIP (WPA/WPA-PSK/WPA2/WPA2-PSK), AES (WPA/WPA-PSK/WPA2/WPA2-PSK)) or inactive (None).Channel This field displays the radio channel the AG-120 is currently using.StatisticsTransmit Rate This field displays the current data transmission rate in kilobits per second (Kbps).Receive Rate This field displays the current data receiving rate in kilobits per second (Kbps).Authentication This field displays the authentication method of the AG-120.Network Mode This field displays the wireless standard (802.11a, 802.11b or 802.11g) of the AP or peer computer. Total Transmit This field displays the total number of data frames transmitted.Total Receive This field displays the total number of data frames received.Link Quality This field displays the signal strength of the AG-120.Trend Chart Click this button to display the real-time statistics of the data rate in kilobits per second (Kbps).Signal Strength The status bar shows the strength of the signal. The signal strength is mainly depending on the antenna output power and the distance between your AG-120 and the AP or peer computer.Link Quality The status bar shows the quality of wireless connection. This refers to the percentage of packets transmitted successfully. If there are too many wireless stations in a wireless network, collisions may occur which could result in a loss of messages even though you have high signal strength.Table 2 Link Info (continued)LABEL DESCRIPTION
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s GuideChapter 4 ZyXEL Utility Configuration 41Figure 18 Station Mode: Link Info: Trend Chart The following table describes the labels in this screen. 4.2 The Site Survey Screen Use the Site Survey screen to scan for and connect to a wireless network automatically.Table 3 Station Mode: Link Info: Trend Chart LABEL DESCRIPTIONTransmit This field displays the current data transmission rate in kilobits per second (Kbps).Receive This field displays the current data receiving rate in kilobits per second (Kbps).
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s Guide42 Chapter 4 ZyXEL Utility ConfigurationFigure 19 Site Survey The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 4 Site Survey LABEL DESCRIPTIONAvailable Network ListClick a column heading to sort the entries.,, ordenotes that the wireless device is in infrastructure mode and the wireless security is activated.denotes that the wireless device is in infrastructure mode but the wireless security is deactivated.denotes that the wireless device is in Ad-Hoc mode and the wireless security is activated.denotes that the wireless device is in Ad-Hoc mode but the wireless security is deactivated.SSID This field displays the SSID (Service Set IDentifier) of each wireless device.Channel This field displays the channel number used by each wireless device.Signal This field displays the signal strength of each wireless device.Scan Click Scan to search for available wireless devices within transmission range.Connect Click Connect to associate to the selected wireless device.Site Info Click an entry in the Available Network List table to display the information of the selected wireless device.Network Type This field displays the network type (Infrastructure or Ad-Hoc) of the wireless device.Channel This field displays the channel number used by each wireless device.Encryption This field shows whether data encryption is activated (WEP, WPA-PSK, WPA-RADIUS, RADIUS, WPA2-RADIUS, WPA2-PSK) or inactive (Disabled).
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s GuideChapter 4 ZyXEL Utility Configuration 434.2.1 Security Settings When you configure the AG-120 to connect to a network with wireless security activated and the security settings are disabled on the AG-120, the screen varies according to the encryption method used by the selected network.4.2.1.1 WEP EncryptionFigure 20 Security Setting: WEP The following table describes the labels in this screen. MAC address This field displays the MAC address of the wireless device.Surveyed at This field displays the time when the wireless device is scanned.Table 4 Site Survey (continued)LABEL DESCRIPTIONTable 5 Security Setting: WEP LABEL DESCRIPTIONSecurity SettingWEP Select 64 Bits, 128 Bits or 256 Bits to activate WEP encryption and then fill in the related fields.Encryption Type Select an authentication method. Choices are Auto, Open System and Shared Key.Refer to Section 3.2.1.1.2 on page 33 for more information.Pass Phrase Enter a passphrase of up to 63 case-sensitive printable characters. As you enter the passphrase, the AG-120 automatically generates four different WEP keys and displays it in the key field below. Refer to Section 3.2.1.1.1 on page 32 for more information.At the time of writing, you cannot use passphrase to generate 256-bit WEP keys.Transmit Key Select a default WEP key to use for data encryption. The key displays in the field below.
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s Guide44 Chapter 4 ZyXEL Utility Configuration4.2.1.2 WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSKFigure 21 Security Setting: WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSKKey x (where x is a number between 1 and 4)Select this option if you want to manually enter the WEP keys. Enter the WEP key in the field provided.If you select 64 Bits in the WEP field.Enter either 10 hexadecimal digits in the range of “A-F”, “a-f” and “0-9” (for example, 11AA22BB33) for HEX key type.orEnter 5 ASCII characters (case sensitive) ranging from “a-z”, “A-Z” and “0-9” (for example, MyKey) for ASCII key type. If you select 128 Bits in the WEP field,Enter either 26 hexadecimal digits in the range of “A-F”, “a-f” and “0-9” (for example, 00112233445566778899AABBCC) for HEX key typeorEnter 13 ASCII characters (case sensitive) ranging from “a-z”, “A-Z” and “0-9” (for example, MyKey12345678) for ASCII key type.If you select 256 Bits in the WEP field, Enter either 58 hexadecimal digits in the range of "A-F", "a-f" and "0-9" (for example, 0000111122223333444455556666777788889999AAAABBBBCCCC000011) for HEX key type or Enter 29 ASCII characters (case sensitive) ranging from "a-z", "A-Z" and "0-9" (for example, MyKey111122223333444455556678) for ASCII key type.Note: The values for the WEP keys must be set up exactly the same on all wireless devices in the same wireless LAN.ASCII WEP keys are case sensitive.Back Click Back to go to the Site Survey screen to select and connect to another network.Next Click Next to confirm your selections and advance to the Confirm New Settings screen. Refer to Section 4.2.2 on page 47. Exit Click Exit to return to the Site Survey screen without saving.Table 5 Security Setting: WEP (continued)LABEL DESCRIPTION
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s GuideChapter 4 ZyXEL Utility Configuration 45The following table describes the labels in this screen. 4.2.1.3 WPA-RADIUS/WPA2-RADIUSFigure 22 Security Setting: WPA-RADIUS/WPA2-RADIUSThe following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 6 Security Setting: WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSKLABEL DESCRIPTIONEncryption Type The encryption mechanisms used for WPA/WPA2 and WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK are the same. The only difference between the two is that WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK uses a simple common password, instead of user-specific credentials.Select the encryption type (TKIP or AES) for data encryption.Refer to Section 3.2.1.3 on page 34 for more information.Pre-Shared Key Type a pre-shared key (same as the AP or peer device) of between 8 and 63 case-sensitive ASCII characters (including spaces and symbols) or 64 hexadecimal characters.Back Click Back to go to the Site Survey screen to select and connect to another network.Next Click Next to confirm your selections and advance to the Confirm New Settings screen. Refer to Section 4.2.2 on page 47. Exit Click Exit to return to the Site Survey screen without saving.Table 7 Security Setting: WPA-RADIUS/WPA2-RADIUSLABEL DESCRIPTIONEncryption Type The encryption mechanisms used for WPA/WPA2 and WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK are the same. The only difference between the two is that WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK uses a simple common password, instead of user-specific credentials.Select the encryption type (TKIP or AES) for data encryption.Refer to Section 3.2.1.3 on page 34 for more information.Authentication TypeThe type of authentication you use depends on the RADIUS server or AP.Select an authentication method from the drop down list. Options are TLS and PEAP.Login Name Enter a user name. This is the user name that you or an administrator set up on a RADIUS server.
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s Guide46 Chapter 4 ZyXEL Utility Configuration4.2.1.4 RADIUSConfigure IEEE 802.1x security with various authentication methods in this screen. Figure 23 Security Setting: RADIUS Password This field is not available when you select TLS in the Authentication Type field. Enter the password associated with the user name above. Certificate This field is only available when you select TLS in the Authentication Type field. Select a certificate used by the authentication server to authenticate the AG-120.Note: You must first have a wired connection to a network and obtain the certificate(s) from a certificate authority (CA). Consult your network administrator for more information.Validate Server CertificateSelect the check box to check the certificate of the authentication server.PEAP Inner EAP This field is only available when you select PEAP in the Authentication Type field.The PEAP method used by the RADIUS server or AP for client authentication is MS CHAP v2.Back Click Back to go to the Site Survey screen to select and connect to another network.Next Click Next to confirm your selections and advance to the Confirm New Settings screen. Refer to Section 4.2.2 on page 47. Exit Click Exit to return to the Site Survey screen without saving.Table 7 Security Setting: WPA-RADIUS/WPA2-RADIUSLABEL DESCRIPTION
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s GuideChapter 4 ZyXEL Utility Configuration 47The following table describes the labels in this screen. 4.2.2 Confirm New SettingsUse this screen to confirm and save the security settings.Figure 24 Confirm New Settings Table 8 Security Setting: RADIUSLABEL DESCRIPTIONAuthentication TypeThe type of authentication you use depends on the RADIUS server or AP.Select an authentication method from the drop down list. Options are TLS and PEAP.Login Name Enter a user name. This is the user name that you or an administrator set up on a RADIUS server.Password This field is not available when you select TLS in the Authentication Type field. Enter the password associated with the user name above. Certificate This field is only available when you select TLS in the Authentication Type field. Select a certificate used by the authentication server to authenticate the AG-120.Note: You must first have a wired connection to a network and obtain the certificate(s) from a certificate authority (CA). Consult your network administrator for more information.Validate Server CertificateSelect the check box to check the certificate of the authentication server.PEAP Inner EAP This field is only available when you select PEAP in the Authentication Type field.The PEAP method used by the RADIUS server or AP for client authentication is MS CHAP v2.Back Click Back to go to the Site Survey screen to select and connect to another network.Next Click Next to confirm your selections and advance to the Confirm New Settings screen. Refer to Section 4.2.2 on page 47. Exit Click Exit to return to the Site Survey screen without saving.
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s Guide48 Chapter 4 ZyXEL Utility ConfigurationThe following table describes the labels in this screen. 4.3 The Profile Screen A profile is a set of wireless parameters that you need to connect to a wireless network. With a profile activated, each time you start the AG-120, it automatically scans for the specific SSID and joins that network with the pre-defined wireless security settings. If the specified network is not available, the AG-120 cannot connect to a network.If you do not configure and activate a profile, each time you start the AG-120, the AG-120 uses the default profile to connect to any available network with security disabled. The default profile is a profile that allows you to connect to any SSID without security. Click the Profile tab in the ZyXEL utility program to display the Profile screen as shown next.The profile function allows you to save the wireless network settings in this screen, or use one of the pre-configured network profiles.Table 9 Confirm New SettingsLABEL DESCRIPTIONNetwork(SSID) This field displays the SSID previously entered.Network Type This field displays the network type (Infrastructure or Ad-Hoc) of the wireless device.Security This field shows whether data encryption is activated (WEP, WPA-PSK, WPA-RADIUS, RADIUS, WPA2-RADIUS, WPA2-PSK) or inactive (Disabled).Channel This field displays the channel number used by the profile.Back Click Back to return to the previous screen.Save Click Save to save the changes back to the AG-120 and display the Link Info screen. Exit Click Exit to discard changes and return to the Site Survey screen.
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s GuideChapter 4 ZyXEL Utility Configuration 49Figure 25 Profile The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 10 Profile LABEL DESCRIPTIONProfile List Click a column heading to sort the entries.,, ordenotes that the wireless device is in infrastructure mode and the wireless security is activated.denotes that the wireless device is in infrastructure mode but the wireless security is deactivated.denotes that the wireless device is in Ad-Hoc mode and the wireless security is activated.denotes that the wireless device is in Ad-Hoc mode but the wireless security is deactivated.Profile Name This is the name of the pre-configured profile.SSID This is the SSID of the wireless network to which the selected profile associate.Connect To use and activate a previously saved network profile, select a pre-configured profile name in the table and click Connect.Add To add a new profile into the table, click Add.Delete To delete an existing wireless network configuration, select a profile in the table and click Delete.Edit To edit an existing wireless network configuration, select a profile in the table and click Edit.Profile Info The following fields display detail information of the selected profile in the Profile List table.Network Type This field displays the network type (Infrastructure or Ad-Hoc) of the profile.SSID This field displays the SSID (Service Set IDentifier) of the profile.
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s Guide50 Chapter 4 ZyXEL Utility Configuration4.3.1 Adding a New ProfileFollow the steps below to add a new profile.1Click Add in the Profile screen. An Add New Profile screen displays as shown next. Click Next to continue.Figure 26 Profile: Add a New Profile The following table describes the labels in this screen. Channel This field displays the channel number used by the profile.Security This field shows whether data encryption is activated (WEP, WPA-PSK, WPA-RADIUS, RADIUS, WPA2-RADIUS, WPA2-PSK) or inactive (Disable).Transfer Rate This field displays the transmission speed of the selected profile in megabits per second (Mbps).Table 10 Profile (continued)LABEL DESCRIPTIONTable 11 Profile: Add a New Profile LABEL DESCRIPTIONAdd New ProfileProfile Name Enter a descriptive name in this field.SSID Select an available wireless device in the Scan Info table and click Select, or enter the SSID of the wireless device to which you want to associate in this field manually. Otherwise, enter Any to have the AG-120 associate to any AP or roam between any infrastructure wireless networks.
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s GuideChapter 4 ZyXEL Utility Configuration 512If you select the Infrastructure network type in the previous screen, skip to step 3. If you select the Ad-Hoc network type in the previous screen, a screen displays as follows. Select a channel number and click Next to continue.Note: To associate to an ad-hoc network, you must use the same channel as the peer computer.Network Type Select Infrastructure to associate to an AP. Select Ad-Hoc to associate to a peer computer.Next Click Next to go to the next screen.Exit Click Exit to go back to the previous screen without saving.Scan Info This table displays the information of the available wireless networks within the transmission range.,, ordenotes that the wireless device is in infrastructure mode and the wireless security is activated.denotes that the wireless device is in infrastructure mode but the wireless security is deactivated.denotes that the wireless device is in Ad-Hoc mode and the wireless security is activated.denotes that the wireless device is in Ad-Hoc mode but the wireless security is deactivated.SSID This field displays the SSID (Service Set IDentifier) of each AP or peer device.Scan Click Scan to search for available wireless devices within transmission range.Select Select an available wireless device in the table and click Select to add it to this profile.Whenever you activate this profile, the AG-120 associates to the selected wireless network only.Table 11 Profile: Add a New Profile (continued)LABEL DESCRIPTION
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s Guide52 Chapter 4 ZyXEL Utility ConfigurationFigure 27 Profile: Select a Channel The following table describes the labels in this screen. 3If you select Infrastructure network type in the first screen, select WEP, WPA-PSK, WPA-RADIUS, WPA2-PSK, WPA2-RADIUS or RADIUS from the drop-down list box to enable data encryption. If you select Ad-Hoc network type in the first screen, you can only use WEP encryption method. Otherwise, select Disabled to allow the AG-120 to communicate with the access points or other peer wireless computers without any data encryption and skip to step 5.Table 12 Profile: Select a Channel LABEL DESCRIPTIONWireless SettingsChannel Select a channel number from the drop-down list box. To associate to an ad-hoc network, you must use the same channel as the peer computer.
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s GuideChapter 4 ZyXEL Utility Configuration 53Figure 28 Profile: Security Settings 4The screen varies depending on the encryption method you select in the previous screen. The settings must be exactly the same on the APs or other peer wireless computers as they are on the AG-120. Refer to Section 4.2.1 on page 43 for detailed information on wireless security configuration.Figure 29 Profile: Security Settings 5This read-only screen shows a summary of the new profile settings. Verify that the settings are correct. Click Save to save and go to the next screen. Click Back to return to the previous screen. Otherwise, click Exit to go back to the Profile screen without saving.
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s Guide54 Chapter 4 ZyXEL Utility ConfigurationFigure 30 Profile: Confirm New Settings 6To use this network profile, click the Activate Now button. Otherwise, click the Activate Later button. You can activate only one profile at a time. Note: Once you activate a profile, the ZyXEL utility will use that profile the next time it is started.Figure 31 Profile: Activate the Profile 4.4 The Advanced Screen To set the wireless LAN mode of the AG-120, click the Advanced tab. Select Auto to have the AG-120 connect to either an IEEE 802.11a or an IEEE 802.11b/g wireless device. If you select 802.11a, the AG-120 can connect to an IEEE 802.11a wireless device only. If you select 802.11b+g, the AG-120 can connect to an IEEE 802.11b or g wireless device only. Click Save to save the changes back to the AG-120.
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s GuideChapter 4 ZyXEL Utility Configuration 55Figure 32 Advanced4.5 The Adapter Screen To set the advanced features on the AG-120, click the Adapter tab.Figure 33 Adapter
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s Guide56 Chapter 4 ZyXEL Utility ConfigurationThe following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 13 Adapter LABEL DESCRIPTIONAdapter SettingTransfer Rate In most networking scenarios, the factory default Fully Auto setting is the most efficient and allows your AG-120 to operate at the highest possible transmission (data) rate. If you want to select a specific transmission rate, select one that the AP or peer wireless device supports. Preamble Type Preamble is used to signal that data is coming to the receiver. Select the preamble type that the AP uses.Short Preamble increases performance as less time sending preamble means more time for sending data. All IEEE 802.11b/g compliant wireless adapters support Long Preamble, but not all support short preamble. Select Auto to have the AG-120 automatically use short preamble when all access point or wireless stations support it; otherwise the AG-120 uses long preamble. Note: The AG-120 and the access point or wireless stations MUST use the same preamble mode in order to communicate.Power Saving ModeSelect Enabled to save power (especially for notebook computers). This forces the AG-120 to go to sleep mode when it is not transmitting data.When you select Disabled, the AG-120 will never go to sleep mode.OTIST (One-Touch Intelligent Security Technology)Select this check box to enable OTIST.Setup Key Enter the same setup key (up to eight printable characters) as the ZyXEL AP or wireless router to which you want to associate. The default OTIST setup key is "01234567". Note: If you change the OTIST setup key on the ZyXEL AP or wireless router, you must also make the same change here.Start Click Start to encrypt the wireless security data using the setup key and have the ZyXEL AP or wireless router set your AG-120 to use the same wireless settings as the ZyXEL AP or wireless router. You must also activate and start OTIST on the ZyXEL AP or wireless router all within three minutes. See Section 3.3 on page 34 for more information.Save Click Save to save the changes back to the AG-120 and return to the Link Info screen.
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s GuideChapter 5 Maintenance 57CHAPTER 5MaintenanceThis chapter describes how to uninstall or upgrade the ZyXEL utility.5.1 The About Screen The About screen displays driver and utility version numbers of the AG-120. To display the screen as shown below, click the about ( ) button.Figure 34 About The following table describes the read-only fields in this screen. 5.2 Uninstalling the ZyXEL Utility Follow the steps below to remove (or uninstall) the ZyXEL utility from your computer.1Click Start, (All) Programs, ZyXEL AG-120 Utility, Uninstall ZyXEL AG-120 Software.2When prompted, click OK or Yes to remove the driver and the utility software.Table 14 About LABEL DESCRIPTIONDriver Version This field displays the version number of the AG-120 driver.Utility Version This field displays the version number of the ZyXEL utility.
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s Guide58 Chapter 5 MaintenanceFigure 35 Uninstall: Confirm 3Click Finish to complete uninstalling the software and restart the computer when prompted.Figure 36 Uninstall: Finish 5.3 Upgrading the ZyXEL Utility Note: Before you uninstall the ZyXEL utility, take note of your current wireless configurations.To perform the upgrade, follow the steps below.1Download the latest version of the utility from the ZyXEL web site and save the file on your computer.2Follow the steps in Section 5.2 on page 57 to remove the current ZyXEL utility from your computer.3Restart your computer when prompted.4Disconnect the AG-120 from your computer.5Double-click on the setup program for the new utility to start the ZyXEL utility installation.
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s GuideChapter 5 Maintenance 596Insert the AG-120 and check the version numbers in the About screen to make sure the new utility is installed properly.
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s Guide60 Chapter 5 Maintenance
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s GuideChapter 6 Troubleshooting 61CHAPTER 6 TroubleshootingThis chapter covers potential problems and the possible remedies. After each problem description, some instructions are provided to help you to diagnose and to solve the problem.6.1 Problems Starting the ZyXEL Utility 6.2 Problem with the Link QualityTable 15 Troubleshooting Starting ZyXEL Utility PROBLEM CORRECTIVE ACTIONCannot start the ZyXEL Wireless LAN utilityMake sure the AG-120 is properly inserted and the LED(s) is on. Refer to the Quick Start Guide for the LED descriptions.Use the Device Manager to check for possible hardware conflicts. Click Start, Settings, Control Panel, System, Hardware and Device Manager. Verify the status of the AG-120 under Network Adapter. (Steps may vary depending on the version of Windows). Install the AG-120 in another computer.If the error persists, you may have a hardware problem. In this case, you should contact your local vendor.The ZyXEL utility icon does not display.If you install the Funk Odyssey Client software on the computer, uninstall (remove) both the Funk Odyssey Client software and ZyXEL utility, and then install the ZyXEL utility again after restarting the computer.Table 16 Troubleshooting Link Quality PROBLEM CORRECTIVE ACTIONThe link quality and/or signal strength is poor all the time.Search and connect to another AP with a better link quality using the Site Survey screen.Move your computer closer to the AP or the peer computer(s) within the transmission range.There may be too much radio interference (for example microwave or another AP using the same channel) around your wireless network. Lower the output power of each AP.Make sure there are not too many wireless stations connected to a wireless network.
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s Guide62 Chapter 6 Troubleshooting6.3 Problems Communicating With Other ComputersTable 17 Troubleshooting Communication Problem PROBLEM CORRECTIVE ACTIONThe computer with the AG-120 installed cannot communicate with the other computer(s).In Infrastructure Mode• Make sure that the AP and the associated computers are turned on and working properly. • Make sure the AG-120 computer and the associated AP use the same SSID.• Change the AP and the associated wireless clients to use another radio channel if interference is high.• Make sure that the computer and the AP share the same security option and key. Verify the settings in the Profile Security Setting screen.• If you are using WPA(2) or WPA(2)-PSK security, try changing your encryption type from TKIP to AES or vice versa.In Ad-Hoc (IBSS) Mode• Verify that the peer computer(s) is turned on.• Make sure the AG-120 computer and the peer computer(s) are using the same SSID and channel.• Make sure that the computer and the peer computer(s) share the same security settings.• Change the wireless clients to use another radio channel if interference is high.
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s GuideAppendix A Product Specifications 63APPENDIX AProduct SpecificationsTable 18 Product Specifications PHYSICAL AND ENVIRONMENTALProduct Name Zyxel AG-120 802.11a/g Wireless CardBus CardInterface CardBus Type IIStandards IEEE 802.11aIEEE 802.11bIEEE 802.11gNetwork Architectures InfrastructureAd-HocOperating Frequencies IEEE 802.11a: 5.15~5.35GHz, 5.725~5.825GHz (North America and Taiwan) 5.15~5.35GHz, 5.47~5.725GHz (Europe)IEEE 802.11b: 2.412~2.462GHz (North America and Taiwan) 2.412~2.472GHz (Europe) IEEE 802.11g: 2.412~2.462GHz (North America and Taiwan) 2.412~2.472GHz (Europe) Operating Channels IEEE 802.11a: 12 Channels (North America and Taiwan)IEEE 802.11b: 11 Channels (North America and Taiwan)IEEE 802.11g: 11 Channels (North America and Taiwan)IEEE 802.11a: 19 Channels (Europe)IEEE 802.11b: 13 Channels (Europe)IEEE 802.11g: 13 Channels (Europe)Data Rate IEEE 802.11a: 54, 48, 36, 24, 18, 12, 9, 6 MbpsIEEE 802.11b: 11, 5.5, 2, 1MbpsIEEE 802.11g: 54, 48, 36, 24, 18, 12, 9, 6 MbpsModulation IEEE 802.11a: Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (64QAM, 16QAM, QPSK and BPSK)IEEE 802311b: PBCC, Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (CCK, DQPSK, DBPSK).IEEE 802.11g: Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (64QAM, 16QAM, QPSK and BPSK)Operating Temperature 0 ~ 50 degrees CentigradeStorage Temperature -30 ~ 60 degrees CentigradeOperating Humidity 20 ~ 95% (non-condensing)Storage Humidity 20 ~ 95% (non-condensing)Voltage 3.3VWeight 40 gDimension (W) 115 mm × (D) 53 mm × (H) 6 mmRADIO SPECIFICATIONS
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s Guide64 Appendix A Product SpecificationsMedia Access Protocol IEEE 802.11Modulation IEEE 802.11a: 54, 48, 36, 24, 18, 12, 9, 6 Mbps (OFDM)IEEE 802.11b: 11, 5.5 Mbps (CCK), 2 Mbps (DQPSK), 1 Mbps (DBPSK)IEEE 802.11g: 54, 48, 36, 24, 18, 12, 9, 6 Mbps (OFDM)Output Power (Average) 802.11a:12 ± 2 dBm @ 54Mbps, 14± 2dBm@ 6Mbps, OFDM802.11b:17 ± 2 dBm @11Mbps, CCK, QPSK, BPSK802.11g:14 ± 2 dBm @ 54Mbps, 16± 2dBm@ 6Mbps,OFDMRX Sensitivity 54 Mbps (OFDM): < -70 dBm11 Mbps (CCK): < -85 dBmSOFTWARE SPECIFICATIONSDevice Drivers Microsoft Windows 98 Second Edition, Windows ME, Windows 2000, Windows XPSecurity 64/128/256-bit WEPWPA/WPA-PSK/WPA2/WPA2-PSKIEEE 802.1xTable 18 Product Specifications (continued)
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s GuideAppendix B Management with Wireless Zero Configuration 65APPENDIX BManagement with Wireless ZeroConfigurationThis appendix shows you how to manage your AG-120 using the Windows XP wireless zero configuration tool.Be sure you have the Windows XP service pack 2 installed on your computer. Otherwise, you should at least have the Windows XP service pack 1 already on your computer and download the support patch for WPA from the Microsoft web site.Windows XP SP2 screen shots are shown unless otherwise specified. Click the help icon ( ) in most screens, move the cursor to the item that you want the information about and click to view the help.Activating Wireless Zero ConfigurationMake sure the the ZyXEL utility is disabled. Refer to Section 1.4 on page 23 to enable WZC.If you see the following screen, refer to article 871122 on the Microsoft web site for information on starting WZC.Figure 37 Windows XP SP2: WZC Not Available
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s Guide66 Appendix B Management with Wireless Zero ConfigurationConnecting to a Wireless Network 1Double-click the network icon for wireless connections in the system tray to open the Wireless Network Connection Status screen.Figure 38 Windows XP SP2: System Tray IconThe type of the wireless network icon in Windows XP SP2 indicates the status of the AG-120. Refer to the following table for details.2Windows XP SP2: In the Wireless Network Connection Status screen, click View Wireless Networks to open the Wireless Network Connection screen.Figure 39 Windows XP SP2: Wireless Network Connection StatusTable 19 Windows XP SP2: System Tray IconICON DESCRIPTIONThe AG-120 is connected to a wireless network.The AG-120 is in the process of connecting to a wireless network.The connection to a wireless network is limited because the network did not assign a network address to the computer.The AG-120 is not connected to a wireless network.
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s GuideAppendix B Management with Wireless Zero Configuration 67Windows XP SP1: In the Wireless Network Connection Status screen, click Properties and the Wireless Networks tab to open the Wireless Network Connection Properties screen.Figure 40 Windows XP SP1: Wireless Network Connection Status3Windows XP SP2: Click Refresh network list to reload and search for available wireless devices within transmission range. Select a wireless network in the list and click Connect to join the selected wireless network.Figure 41 Windows XP SP2: Wireless Network Connection
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s Guide68 Appendix B Management with Wireless Zero ConfigurationThe following table describes the icons in the wireless network list.Windows XP SP1: Click Refresh to reload and search for available wireless devices within transmission range. Select a wireless network in the Available networks list, click Configure and set the related fields to the same security settings as the associated AP to add the selected network into the Preferred networks table. Click OK to join the selected wireless network. Refer to the section on security settings (discussed later) for more information. Figure 42 Windows XP SP1: Wireless Network Connection Properties44.Windows XP SP2: If the wireless security is activated for the selected wireless network, the Wireless Network Connection screen displays. You must set the related fields in the Wireless Network Connection screen to the same security settings as the associated AP and click Connect. Refer to the section about security settings for more information. Otherwise click Cancel and connect to another wireless network without data encryption. Table 20 Windows XP SP2: Wireless Network ConnectionICON DESCRIPTIONThis denotes that wireless security is activated for the wireless network.This denotes that this wireless network is your preferred network. Ordering your preferred networks is important because the AG-120 tries to associate to the preferred network first in the order that you specify. Refer to the section on ordering the preferred networks for detailed information.This denotes the signal strength of the wireless network.Move your cursor to the icon to see details on the signal strength.
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s GuideAppendix B Management with Wireless Zero Configuration 69If there is no security activated for the selected wireless network, a warning screen appears. Click Connect Anyway if wireless security is not your concern.Figure 43 Windows XP SP2: Wireless Network Connection: WEP or WPA-PSKFigure 44 Windows XP SP2: Wireless Network Connection: No Security5Verify that you have successfully connected to the selected network and check the connection status in the wireless network list or the connection icon in the Preferred networks or Available networks list.The following table describes the connection icons.Security SettingsWhen you configure the AG-120 to connect to a secure network but the security settings are not yet enabled on the AG-120, you will see different screens according to the authentication and encryption methods used by the selected network.Table 21 Windows XP: Wireless NetworksICON DESCRIPTIONThis denotes the wireless network is an available wireless network.This denotes the AG-120 is associated to the wireless network.This denotes the wireless network is not available.
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s Guide70 Appendix B Management with Wireless Zero ConfigurationAssociationSelect a network in the Preferred networks list and click Properties to view or configure security.Figure 45 Windows XP: Wireless (network) properties: AssociationThe following table describes the labels in this screen.Table 22 Windows XP: Wireless (network) properties: AssociationLABEL DESCRIPTIONNetwork name (SSID) This field displays the SSID (Service Set IDentifier) of each wireless network.Network AuthenticationThis field automatically shows the authentication method (Share, Open, WPA or WPA-PSK) used by the selected network. Data Encryption This field automatically shows the encryption type (TKIP, WEP or Disable) used by the selected network. Network Key Enter the pre-shared key or WEP key.The values for the keys must be set up exactly the same on all wireless devices in the same wireless LAN.Confirm network keyEnter the key again for confirmation.Key index (advanced)Select a default WEP key to use for data encryption.This field is available only when the network use WEP encryption method and the The key is provided for me automatically check box is not selected.The key is provided for me automaticallyIf this check box is selected, the wireless AP assigns the AG-120 a key.
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s GuideAppendix B Management with Wireless Zero Configuration 71AuthenticationClick the Authentication tab in the Wireless (network) properties screen to display the screen shown next. The fields on this screen are grayed out when the network is in Ad-Hoc mode or data encryption is disabled.Figure 46 Windows XP: Wireless (network) properties: AuthenticationThe following table describes the labels in this screen.This is a computer-to-computer (ad hoc) network; wireless access points are not usedIf this check box is selected, you are connecting to another computer directly.OK Click OK to save your changes.Cancel Click Cancel to leave this screen without saving any changes you may have made.Table 22 Windows XP: Wireless (network) properties: Association (continued)LABEL DESCRIPTIONTable 23 Windows XP: Wireless (network) properties: AuthenticationLABEL DESCRIPTIONEnable IEEE 802.1x authentication for this networkThis field displays whether the IEEE 802.1x authentication is active.If the network authentication is set to Open in the previous screen, you can choose to disable or enable this feature.EAP Type Select the type of EAP authentication. Options are Protected EAP (PEAP) and Smart Card or other Certificate. Properties Click this button to open the properties screen and configure certificates. The screen varies depending on what you select in the EAP type field.
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s Guide72 Appendix B Management with Wireless Zero ConfigurationAuthentication PropertiesSelect an EAP authentication type in the Wireless (network) properties: Authentication screen and click the Properties button to display the following screen. Protected EAP PropertiesFigure 47 Windows XP: Protected EAP PropertiesAuthenticate as computer when computer information is availableSelect this check box to have the computer send its information to the network for authentication when a user is not logged on.Authenticate as guest when user or computer information is unavailableSelect this check box to have the computer access to the network as a guest when a user is not logged on or computer information is not available.OK Click OK to save your changes.Cancel Click Cancel to leave this screen without saving any changes you may have made.Table 23 Windows XP: Wireless (network) properties: Authentication (continued)LABEL DESCRIPTION
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s GuideAppendix B Management with Wireless Zero Configuration 73The following table describes the labels in this screen.Smart Card or other Certificate PropertiesFigure 48 Windows XP: Smart Card or other Certificate PropertiesTable 24 Windows XP: Protected EAP PropertiesLABEL DESCRIPTIONValidate server certificateSelect the check box to verify the certificate of the authentication server.Connect to these serversSelect the check box and specify a domain in the field below to have your computer connect to a server which resides only within this domain.Trusted Root Certification Authorities:Select a trusted certification authority from the list below.Note: You must first have a wired connection to a network and obtain the certificate(s) from a certificate authority (CA). Consult your network administrator for more information.Do not prompt user to authorize new server or trusted certification authorities.Select this check box to verify a new authentication server or trusted CA without prompting.This field is available only if you installed the Windows XP server pack 2.Select Authentication Method: Select an authentication method from the drop-down list box and click Configure to do settings.Enable Fast ReconnectSelect the check box to automatically reconnect to the network (without re-authentication) if the wireless connection goes down.OK Click OK to save your changes.Cancel Click Cancel to leave this screen without saving any changes you may have made.
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s Guide74 Appendix B Management with Wireless Zero ConfigurationThe following table describes the labels in this screen.Ordering the Preferred NetworksFollow the steps below to manage your preferred networks.1Windows XP SP2: Click Change the order of preferred networks in the Wireless Network Connection screen (see Figure 41 on page 67). The screen displays as shown. Table 25 Windows XP: Smart Card or other Certificate PropertiesLABEL DESCRIPTIONUse my smart card Select this check box to use the smart card for authentication.Use a certificate on this computerSelect this check box to use a certificate on your computer for authentication.Validate server certificateSelect the check box to check the certificate of the authentication server.Connect to these serversSelect the check box and specify a domain in the field below to have your computer connect to a server which resides only within this domain. Trusted Root Certification Authorities:Select a trusted certification authority from the list below.Note: You must first have a wired connection to a network and obtain the certificate(s) from a certificate authority (CA). Consult your network administrator for more information.View Certificate Click this button if you want to verify the selected certificate.Use a different user name for the connection:Select the check box to use a different user name when the user name in the smart card or certificate is not the same as the user name in the domain that you are logged on to.OK Click OK to save your changes.Cancel Click Cancel to leave this screen without saving any changes you may have made.
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s GuideAppendix B Management with Wireless Zero Configuration 75Figure 49 Windows XP SP2: Wireless Networks: Preferred NetworksWindows XP SP1: In the Wireless Network Connection Status screen, click Properties and the Wireless Networks tab to open the screen as shown.Figure 50 Windows XP SP1: Wireless Networks: Preferred Networks2Whenever the AG-120 tries to connect to a new network, the new network is added in the Preferred networks table automatically. Select a network and click Move up or Move down to change it's order, click Remove to delete it or click Properties to view the security, authentication or connection information of the selected network. Click Add to add a preferred network into the list manually.
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s Guide76 Appendix B Management with Wireless Zero Configuration
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s GuideAppendix C Wireless Security 77APPENDIX CWireless SecurityTypes of EAP AuthenticationThis section discusses some popular authentication types: EAP-MD5, EAP-TLS, EAP-TTLS, PEAP and LEAP. Your wireless LAN device may not support all authentication types. EAP (Extensible Authentication Protocol) is an authentication protocol that runs on top of the IEEE 802.1x transport mechanism in order to support multiple types of user authentication. By using EAP to interact with an EAP-compatible RADIUS server, an access point helps a wireless station and a RADIUS server perform authentication. The type of authentication you use depends on the RADIUS server and an intermediary AP(s) that supports IEEE 802.1x. .For EAP-TLS authentication type, you must first have a wired connection to the network and obtain the certificate(s) from a certificate authority (CA). A certificate (also called digital IDs) can be used to authenticate users and a CA issues certificates and guarantees the identity of each certificate owner.EAP-MD5 (Message-Digest Algorithm 5)MD5 authentication is the simplest one-way authentication method. The authentication server sends a challenge to the wireless station. The wireless station ‘proves’ that it knows the password by encrypting the password with the challenge and sends back the information. Password is not sent in plain text. However, MD5 authentication has some weaknesses. Since the authentication server needs to get the plaintext passwords, the passwords must be stored. Thus someone other than the authentication server may access the password file. In addition, it is possible to impersonate an authentication server as MD5 authentication method does not perform mutual authentication. Finally, MD5 authentication method does not support data encryption with dynamic session key. You must configure WEP encryption keys for data encryption.
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s Guide78 Appendix C Wireless SecurityEAP-TLS (Transport Layer Security)With EAP-TLS, digital certifications are needed by both the server and the wireless stations for mutual authentication. The server presents a certificate to the client. After validating the identity of the server, the client sends a different certificate to the server. The exchange of certificates is done in the open before a secured tunnel is created. This makes user identity vulnerable to passive attacks. A digital certificate is an electronic ID card that authenticates the sender’s identity. However, to implement EAP-TLS, you need a Certificate Authority (CA) to handle certificates, which imposes a management overhead. EAP-TTLS (Tunneled Transport Layer Service) EAP-TTLS is an extension of the EAP-TLS authentication that uses certificates for only the server-side authentications to establish a secure connection. Client authentication is then done by sending username and password through the secure connection, thus client identity is protected. For client authentication, EAP-TTLS supports EAP methods and legacy authentication methods such as PAP, CHAP, MS-CHAP and MS-CHAP v2. PEAP (Protected EAP) Like EAP-TTLS, server-side certificate authentication is used to establish a secure connection, then use simple username and password methods through the secured connection to authenticate the clients, thus hiding client identity. However, PEAP only supports EAP methods, such as EAP-MD5, EAP-MSCHAPv2 and EAP-GTC (EAP-Generic Token Card), for client authentication. EAP-GTC is implemented only by Cisco.LEAPLEAP (Lightweight Extensible Authentication Protocol) is a Cisco implementation of IEEE 802.1x. Dynamic WEP Key ExchangeThe AP maps a unique key that is generated with the RADIUS server. This key expires when the wireless connection times out, disconnects or reauthentication times out. A new WEP key is generated each time reauthentication is performed.If this feature is enabled, it is not necessary to configure a default encryption key in the Wireless screen. You may still configure and store keys here, but they will not be used while Dynamic WEP is enabled.Note: EAP-MD5 cannot be used with Dynamic WEP Key Exchange
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s GuideAppendix C Wireless Security 79For added security, certificate-based authentications (EAP-TLS, EAP-TTLS and PEAP) use dynamic keys for data encryption. They are often deployed in corporate environments, but for public deployment, a simple user name and password pair is more practical. The following table is a comparison of the features of authentication types.WPA and WPA2Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA) is a subset of the IEEE 802.11i standard. WPA2 (IEEE 802.11i) is a wireless security standard that defines stronger encryption, authentication and key management than WPA. Key differences between WPA(2) and WEP are improved data encryption and user authentication.If both an AP and the wireless clients support WPA2 and you have an external RADIUS server, use WPA2 for stronger data encryption. If you don't have an external RADIUS server, you should use WPA2-PSK (WPA2-Pre-Shared Key) that only requires a single (identical) password entered into each access point, wireless gateway and wireless client. As long as the passwords match, a wireless client will be granted access to a WLAN. If the AP or the wireless clients do not support WPA2, just use WPA or WPA-PSK depending on whether you have an external RADIUS server or not.Select WEP only when the AP and/or wireless clients do not support WPA or WPA2. WEP is less secure than WPA or WPA2.Encryption Both WPA and WPA2 improve data encryption by using Temporal Key Integrity Protocol (TKIP), Message Integrity Check (MIC) and IEEE 802.1x. WPA and WPA2 use Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) in the Counter mode with Cipher block chaining Message authentication code Protocol (CCMP) to offer stronger encryption than TKIP.Table 26 Comparison of EAP Authentication TypesEAP-MD5 EAP-TLS EAP-TTLS PEAP LEAPMutual Authentication No Yes Yes Yes YesCertificate – Client No Yes Optional Optional NoCertificate – Server No Yes Yes Yes NoDynamic Key Exchange No Yes Yes Yes YesCredential Integrity None Strong Strong Strong ModerateDeployment Difficulty Easy Hard Moderate Moderate ModerateClient Identity Protection No No Yes Ye s No
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s Guide80 Appendix C Wireless SecurityTKIP uses 128-bit keys that are dynamically generated and distributed by the authentication server. AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) is a block cipher that uses a 256-bit mathematical algorithm called Rijndael. They both include a per-packet key mixing function, a Message Integrity Check (MIC) named Michael, an extended initialization vector (IV) with sequencing rules, and a re-keying mechanism.WPA and WPA2 regularly change and rotate the encryption keys so that the same encryption key is never used twice. The RADIUS server distributes a Pairwise Master Key (PMK) key to the AP that then sets up a key hierarchy and management system, using the PMK to dynamically generate unique data encryption keys to encrypt every data packet that is wirelessly communicated between the AP and the wireless stations. This all happens in the background automatically.The Message Integrity Check (MIC) is designed to prevent an attacker from capturing data packets, altering them and resending them. The MIC provides a strong mathematical function in which the receiver and the transmitter each compute and then compare the MIC. If they do not match, it is assumed that the data has been tampered with and the packet is dropped. By generating unique data encryption keys for every data packet and by creating an integrity checking mechanism (MIC), with TKIP and AES it is more difficult to decrypt data on a Wi-Fi network than WEP and difficult for an intruder to break into the network. The encryption mechanisms used for WPA(2) and WPA(2)-PSK are the same. The only difference between the two is that WPA(2)-PSK uses a simple common password, instead of user-specific credentials. The common-password approach makes WPA(2)-PSK susceptible to brute-force password-guessing attacks but it’s still an improvement over WEP as it employs a consistent, single, alphanumeric password to derive a PMK which is used to generate unique temporal encryption keys. This prevent all wireless devices sharing the same encryption keys. (a weakness of WEP)User Authentication WPA and WPA2 apply IEEE 802.1x and Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP) to authenticate wireless stations using an external RADIUS database. WPA2 reduces the number of key exchange messages from six to four (CCMP 4-way handshake) and shortens the time required to connect to a network. Other WPA2 authentication features that are different from WPA include key caching and pre-authentication. These two features are optional and may not be supported in all wireless devices.Key caching allows a wireless client to store the PMK it derived through a sucessful authentication with an AP. The wireless client uses the PMK when it tries to connect to the same AP and does not need to go with the authentication process again.Pre-authentication enables fast roaming by allowing the wireless client (already connecting to an AP) to perform IEEE 802.1x authentication with another AP before connecting to it.
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s GuideAppendix C Wireless Security 81WPA(2)-PSK Application ExampleA WPA(2)s-PSK application looks as follows.1First enter identical passwords into the AP and all wireless clients. The Pre-Shared Key (PSK) must consist of between 8 and 63 ASCII characters or 64 hexadecimal characters (including spaces and symbols).2The AP checks each client's password and (only) allows it to join the network if it matches its password.3The AP and wireless clients use the pre-shared key to generate a common PMK.4The AP and wireless clients use the TKIP or AES encryption process to encrypt data exchanged between them.Figure 51 WPA-PSK AuthenticationWPA(2) with RADIUS Application ExampleYou need the IP address of the RADIUS server, its port number (default is 1812), and the RADIUS shared secret. A WPA(2) application example with an external RADIUS server looks as follows. "A" is the RADIUS server. "DS" is the distribution system.1The AP passes the wireless client's authentication request to the RADIUS server.2The RADIUS server then checks the user's identification against its database and grants or denies network access accordingly.3The RADIUS server distributes a Pairwise Master Key (PMK) key to the AP that then sets up a key hierarchy and management system, using the pair-wise key to dynamically generate unique data encryption keys to encrypt every data packet that is wirelessly communicated between the AP and the wireless clients.
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s Guide82 Appendix C Wireless SecurityFigure 52 WPA(2) with RADIUS Application ExampleSecurity Parameters SummaryRefer to this table to see what other security parameters you should configure for each Authentication Method/ key management protocol type. MAC address filters are not dependent on how you configure these security features.Table 27 Wireless Security Relational MatrixAUTHENTICATION METHOD/ KEY MANAGEMENT PROTOCOLENCRYPTION METHODENTER MANUAL KEY IEEE 802.1XOpen None No DisableEnable without Dynamic WEP KeyOpen WEP No Enable with Dynamic WEP KeyYes Enable without Dynamic WEP KeyYes DisableShared WEP No Enable with Dynamic WEP KeyYes Enable without Dynamic WEP KeyYes DisableWPA TKIP/AES No EnableWPA-PSK TKIP/AES Yes DisableWPA2 TKIP/AES No EnableWPA2-PSK TKIP/AES Yes Disable
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s GuideAppendix D Setting up Your Computer’s IP Address 83APPENDIX DSetting up Your Computer’s IP AddressAll computers must have a 10M or 100M Ethernet adapter card and TCP/IP installed. Windows 95/98/Me/NT/2000/XP, Macintosh OS 7 and later operating systems and all versions of UNIX/LINUX include the software components you need to install and use TCP/IP on your computer. Windows 3.1 requires the purchase of a third-party TCP/IP application package.TCP/IP should already be installed on computers using Windows NT/2000/XP, Macintosh OS 7 and later operating systems.After the appropriate TCP/IP components are installed, configure the TCP/IP settings in order to "communicate" with your network. Windows 95/98/MeClick Start, Settings, Control Panel and double-click the Network icon to open the Network window
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s Guide84 Appendix D Setting up Your Computer’s IP AddressFigure 53 WIndows 95/98/Me: Network: ConfigurationInstalling ComponentsThe Network window Configuration tab displays a list of installed components. You need a network adapter, the TCP/IP protocol and Client for Microsoft Networks.If you need the adapter:1In the Network window, click Add.2Select Adapter and then click Add.3Select the manufacturer and model of your network adapter and then click OK.If you need TCP/IP:1In the Network window, click Add.2Select Protocol and then click Add.3Select Microsoft from the list of manufacturers.4Select TCP/IP from the list of network protocols and then click OK.If you need Client for Microsoft Networks:1Click Add.2Select Client and then click Add.
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s GuideAppendix D Setting up Your Computer’s IP Address 853Select Microsoft from the list of manufacturers.4Select Client for Microsoft Networks from the list of network clients and then click OK.5Restart your computer so the changes you made take effect.Configuring 1In the Network window Configuration tab, select your network adapter's TCP/IP entry and click Properties2Click the IP Address tab.• If your IP address is dynamic, select Obtain an IP address automatically. • If you have a static IP address, select Specify an IP address and type your information into the IP Address and Subnet Mask fields.Figure 54 Windows 95/98/Me: TCP/IP Properties: IP Address3Click the DNS Configuration tab.• If you do not know your DNS information, select Disable DNS.• If you know your DNS information, select Enable DNS and type the information in the fields below (you may not need to fill them all in).
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s Guide86 Appendix D Setting up Your Computer’s IP AddressFigure 55 Windows 95/98/Me: TCP/IP Properties: DNS Configuration4Click the Gateway tab.• If you do not know your gateway’s IP address, remove previously installed gateways.• If you have a gateway IP address, type it in the New gateway field and click Add.5Click OK to save and close the TCP/IP Properties window.6Click OK to close the Network window. Insert the Windows CD if prompted.7Restart your computer when prompted.Verifying Settings1Click Start and then Run.2In the Run window, type "winipcfg" and then click OK to open the IP Configuration window.3Select your network adapter. You should see your computer's IP address, subnet mask and default gateway.Windows 2000/NT/XP1For Windows XP, click start, Control Panel. In Windows 2000/NT, click Start, Settings, Control Panel.
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s GuideAppendix D Setting up Your Computer’s IP Address 87Figure 56 Windows XP: Start Menu2For Windows XP, click Network Connections. For Windows 2000/NT, click Network and Dial-up Connections.Figure 57 Windows XP: Control Panel3Right-click Local Area Connection and then click Properties.
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s Guide88 Appendix D Setting up Your Computer’s IP AddressFigure 58 Windows XP: Control Panel: Network Connections: Properties4Select Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) (under the General tab in Win XP) and click Properties.Figure 59 Windows XP: Local Area Connection Properties5The Internet Protocol TCP/IP Properties window opens (the General tab in Windows XP).• If you have a dynamic IP address click Obtain an IP address automatically.
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s GuideAppendix D Setting up Your Computer’s IP Address 89• If you have a static IP address click Use the following IP Address and fill in the IP address, Subnet mask, and Default gateway fields. Click Advanced.Figure 60 Windows XP: Advanced TCP/IP Settings6If you do not know your gateway's IP address, remove any previously installed gateways in the IP Settings tab and click OK.Do one or more of the following if you want to configure additional IP addresses:•In the IP Settings tab, in IP addresses, click Add.•In TCP/IP Address, type an IP address in IP address and a subnet mask in Subnet mask, and then click Add.• Repeat the above two steps for each IP address you want to add.• Configure additional default gateways in the IP Settings tab by clicking Add in Default gateways.•In TCP/IP Gateway Address, type the IP address of the default gateway in Gateway. To manually configure a default metric (the number of transmission hops), clear the Automatic metric check box and type a metric in Metric.• Click Add. • Repeat the previous three steps for each default gateway you want to add.• Click OK when finished.7In the Internet Protocol TCP/IP Properties window (the General tab in Windows XP):
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s Guide90 Appendix D Setting up Your Computer’s IP Address• Click Obtain DNS server address automatically if you do not know your DNS server IP address(es).• If you know your DNS server IP address(es), click Use the following DNS server addresses, and type them in the Preferred DNS server and Alternate DNS server fields. If you have previously configured DNS servers, click Advanced and then the DNS tab to order them.Figure 61 Windows XP: Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties8Click OK to close the Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties window.9Click OK to close the Local Area Connection Properties window.10Restart your computer (if prompted).Verifying Settings1Click Start, All Programs, Accessories and then Command Prompt.2In the Command Prompt window, type "ipconfig" and then press [ENTER]. You can also open Network Connections, right-click a network connection, click Status and then click the Support tab.Macintosh OS 8/9 1Click the Apple menu, Control Panel and double-click TCP/IP to open the TCP/IP Control Panel.
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s GuideAppendix D Setting up Your Computer’s IP Address 91Figure 62 Macintosh OS 8/9: Apple Menu2Select Ethernet built-in from the Connect via list.Figure 63 Macintosh OS 8/9: TCP/IP3For dynamically assigned settings, select Using DHCP Server from the Configure: list.
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s Guide92 Appendix D Setting up Your Computer’s IP Address4For statically assigned settings, do the following:•From the Configure box, select Manually.• Type your IP address in the IP Address box.• Type your subnet mask in the Subnet mask box.• Type the IP address of your gateway in the Router address box if you have one.5Close the TCP/IP Control Panel.6Click Save if prompted, to save changes to your configuration.7Restart your computer (if prompted).Verifying SettingsCheck your TCP/IP properties in the TCP/IP Control Panel window.Macintosh OS X1Click the Apple menu, and click System Preferences to open the System Preferences window.Figure 64 Macintosh OS X: Apple Menu2Click Network in the icon bar. • Select Automatic from the Location list.• Select Built-in Ethernet from the Show list. • Click the TCP/IP tab.3For dynamically assigned settings, select Using DHCP from the Configure list.
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s GuideAppendix D Setting up Your Computer’s IP Address 93Figure 65 Macintosh OS X: Network4For statically assigned settings, do the following:•From the Configure box, select Manually.• Type your IP address in the IP Address box.• Type your subnet mask in the Subnet mask box.• Type the IP address of your gateway in the Router address box if you have one.5Click Apply Now and close the window.6Restart your computer (if prompted).Verifying SettingsCheck your TCP/IP properties in the Network window.
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s Guide94 Appendix D Setting up Your Computer’s IP Address
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s GuideIndex 95IndexAAbout 57About your ZyXEL AG-120 21access point 31access point. See also AP.activating a profile 54Adapter 55Ad-Hoc 22, 51Advanced Encryption Standard 34, 79advanced settings 55AP 31AP. See also access point.authentication methodauto 33open system 33shared key 33auto authentication 33CCA 78Certificate Authority 78Certificationsviewing 5certificationsNotices 5channel 40, 42, 51, 63configuration method 23Wireless Zero Configuration (WZC) 23Copyright 3creating a new profile 50current configuration 39current connection status 39Customer Support 8Ddata encryption 42Disclaimer 3driver version 57Dynamic WEP Key Exchange 78EEAP Authentication 34Enabling OTIST 34Encryption 79Encryption Type 33FFCC 4Ggetting started 21graphics icons key 20Hhardware connections 23IIEEE 802.1x 33, 46Infrastructure 21initialization vector (IV) 80Interference Statement 4Llink information 39
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s Guide96 IndexMMessage Integrity Check (MIC) 34, 79Nnetwork type 40OOne-Touch Intelligent Security Technology 34open system authentication 33OTIST Introduction 34PPA2-PSK 44Pairwise Master Key (PMK) 80passphrase 32, 43password phrase 32Power Saving Mode 56product specifications 63profile 39, 49activation 54add new 49, 50delete 49edit 49information 49QQuick Start Guide 19, 23Rradio interference 61real-time data traffic statistics 40Related Documentation 19Ssafety warnings 7save power 56Scan Info 51security 32, 64data encryption 32Security Parameters 82Setup Key 35shared key authentication 33signal strength 42site survey 41scan 42security settings 43sleep mode 56SSID 39, 42Starting OTIST 36statistics 40support CD 19syntax conventions 19TTemporal Key Integrity Protocol (TKIP) 34, 79Trademarks 3transmission rate 40, 50, 63transmit key 43Trend Chart 40troubleshooting 61link status 61network communication 62starting ZyXEL Utility 61Uuninstalling ZyXEL Utility 57upgrading ZyXEL Utility 58important step 58User Authentication 80user authentication 32Vvoltage 63
ZyXEL AG-120 User’s GuideIndex 97WWEP 32, 43manual setup 33, 44passphrase 32, 43WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy) 32WEP Encryption 43Wi-Fi Protected Access 34, 79Windows XP 23wireless client 31wireless LANintroduction 31security 32Wireless LAN (WLAN) 31wireless network 31wireless standard 40, 63WLANSecurity parameters 82WPA 34, 45, 79WPA2 34, 45, 79WPA2-Pre-Shared Key 34, 79WPA2-PSK 34, 79WPA-PSK 34, 44, 79WZC (Wireless Zero Configuration) 23ZZyXEL Limited WarrantyNote 6ZyXEL Utility 23accessing 24help 24opening 24system tray icon 23upgrade 58version 57

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