ZyXEL Communications AG320 802.11a/g Wireless PCI Adapter User Manual ZyXEL G 220F User s Guide V1 00 Oct 2004
ZyXEL Communications Corporation 802.11a/g Wireless PCI Adapter ZyXEL G 220F User s Guide V1 00 Oct 2004
Manual
ZyXEL AG-320 User’s Guide
Copyright 3
Copyright
Copyright © 2006 by ZyXEL Communications Corporation.
The contents of this publication may not be reproduced in any part or as a whole, transcribed,
stored in a retrieval system, translated into any language, or transmitted in any form or by any
means, electronic, mechanical, magnetic, optical, chemical, photocopying, manual, or
otherwise, without the prior written permission of ZyXEL Communications Corporation.
Published by ZyXEL Communications Corporation. All rights reserved.
Disclaimer
ZyXEL does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any products, or
software described herein. Neither does it convey any license under its patent rights nor the
patent rights of others. ZyXEL further reserves the right to make changes in any products
described herein without notice. This publication is subject to change without notice.
Trademarks
ZyNOS (ZyXEL Network Operating System) is a registered trademark of ZyXEL
Communications, Inc. Other trademarks mentioned in this publication are used for
identification purposes only and may be properties of their respective owners.
ZyXEL AG-320 User’s Guide
4Certifications
Certifications
Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Interference Statement
The device complies with Part 15 of FCC rules. Operation is subject to the following two
conditions:
• This device may not cause harmful interference.
• This device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause
undesired operations.
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital
device pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable
protection against harmful interference in a commercial environment. This equipment
generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy, and if not installed and used in
accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications.
If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio/television reception, which can be
determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the
interference by one or more of the following measures:
1Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.
2Increase the separation between the equipment and the receiver.
3Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver
is connected.
4Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.
FCC Radiation Exposure Statement
• The 802.11a/b/g Wireless PCI Adapter has been tested to the FCC exposure requirements
(Specific Absorption Rate).
• The equipment complies with FCC RF radiation exposure limits set forth for an
uncontrolled environment, under 47 CFR 2.1093 paragraph (d)(2). End users must follow
the specific operating instructions for satisfying RF exposure compliance.
• This Transmitter must not be co-located or operating in conjunction with any other
antenna or transmitter.
• For operation within 5.15 ~ 5.25GHz frequency range, it is restricted to indoor
environment.
• To comply with FCC RF exposure compliance requirements, a separation distance of at
least 20 cm must be maintained between the antenna of this device and all persons.
ZyXEL AG-320 User’s Guide
Certifications 5
注意 !
依據 低功率電波輻射性電機管理辦法
第十二條 經型式認證合格之低功率射頻電機，非經許可，公司、商號或使用
者均不得擅自變更頻率、加大功率或變更原設計之特性及功能。
第十四條 低功率射頻電機之使用不得影響飛航安全及干擾合法通信；經發現
有干擾現象時，應立即停用，並改善至無干擾時方得繼續使用。
前項合法通信，指依電信規定作業之無線電信。低功率射頻電機須忍
受合法通信或工業、科學及醫療用電波輻射性電機設備之干擾。
在 5250MHz~5350MHz 頻帶內操作之無線資訊傳輸設備，限於室內使用。
Notices
Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance
could void the user's authority to operate the equipment.
This product has been designed for the WLAN 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz networks throughout the
EC region and Switzerland, with restrictions in France.
This Class B digital apparatus complies with Canadian ICES-003.
Cet appareil numérique de la classe B est conforme à la norme NMB-003 du Canada.
Viewing Certifications
1Go to http://www.zyxel.com.
2Select your product from the drop-down list box on the ZyXEL home page to go to that
product's page.
3Select the certification you wish to view from this page.
ZyXEL AG-320 User’s Guide
6ZyXEL Limited Warranty
ZyXEL Limited Warranty
ZyXEL warrants to the original end user (purchaser) that this product is free from any defects
in materials or workmanship for a period of up to two (2) years from the date of purchase.
During the warranty period, and upon proof of purchase, should the product have indications
of failure due to faulty workmanship and/or materials, ZyXEL will, at its discretion, repair or
replace the defective products or components without charge for either parts or labor, and to
whatever extent it shall deem necessary to restore the product or components to proper
operating condition. Any replacement will consist of a new or re-manufactured functionally
equivalent product of equal or higher value, and will be solely at the discretion of ZyXEL.
This warranty shall not apply if the product has been modified, misused, tampered with,
damaged by an act of God, or subjected to abnormal working conditions.
Note
Repair or replacement, as provided under this warranty, is the exclusive remedy of the
purchaser. This warranty is in lieu of all other warranties, express or implied, including any
implied warranty of merchantability or fitness for a particular use or purpose. ZyXEL shall in
no event be held liable for indirect or consequential damages of any kind to the purchaser.
To obtain the services of this warranty, contact ZyXEL's Service Center for your Return
Material Authorization number (RMA). Products must be returned Postage Prepaid. It is
recommended that the unit be insured when shipped. Any returned products without proof of
purchase or those with an out-dated warranty will be repaired or replaced (at the discretion of
ZyXEL) and the customer will be billed for parts and labor. All repaired or replaced products
will be shipped by ZyXEL to the corresponding return address, Postage Paid. This warranty
gives you specific legal rights, and you may also have other rights that vary from country to
country.
Online Registration
Register your product online to receive e-mail notices of firmware upgrades and information
at www.zyxel.com for global products, or at www.us.zyxel.com for North American products.
ZyXEL AG-320 User’s Guide
Safety Warnings 7
Safety Warnings
For your safety, be sure to read and follow all warning notices and instructions.
• Do NOT use this product near water, for example, in a wet basement or near a swimming
pool.
• Do NOT expose your device to dampness, dust or corrosive liquids.
• Do NOT store things on the device.
• Do NOT install, use, or service this device during a thunderstorm. There is a remote risk
of electric shock from lightning.
• Connect ONLY suitable accessories to the device.
• ONLY qualified service personnel should service or disassemble this device.
• Do not use the device outside, and make sure all the connections are indoors. There is a
remote risk of electric shock from lightning.
This product is recyclable. Dispose of it properly.
ZyXEL AG-320 User’s Guide
8Customer Support
Customer Support
Please have the following information ready when you contact customer support.
• Product model and serial number.
• Warranty Information.
• Date that you received your device.
• Brief description of the problem and the steps you took to solve it.
METHOD
LOCATION
SUPPORT E-MAIL TELEPHONE WEB SITE
REGULAR MAIL
SALES E-MAIL FAX FTP SITE
CORPORATE
HEADQUARTERS
(WORLDWIDE)
support@zyxel.com.tw +886-3-578-3942 www.zyxel.com
www.europe.zyxel.com
ZyXEL Communications Corp.
6 Innovation Road II
Science Park
Hsinchu 300
Ta i w a n
sales@zyxel.com.tw +886-3-578-2439 ftp.zyxel.com
ftp.europe.zyxel.com
COSTA RICA
soporte@zyxel.co.cr +506-2017878 www.zyxel.co.cr ZyXEL Costa Rica
Plaza Roble Escazú
Etapa El Patio, Tercer Piso
San José, Costa Rica
sales@zyxel.co.cr +506-2015098 ftp.zyxel.co.cr
CZECH REPUBLIC
info@cz.zyxel.com +420-241-091-350 www.zyxel.cz ZyXEL Communications
Czech s.r.o.
Modranská 621
143 01 Praha 4 - Modrany
Ceská Republika
info@cz.zyxel.com +420-241-091-359
DENMARK
support@zyxel.dk +45-39-55-07-00 www.zyxel.dk ZyXEL Communications A/S
Columbusvej
2860 Soeborg
Denmark
sales@zyxel.dk +45-39-55-07-07
FINLAND
support@zyxel.fi +358-9-4780-8411 www.zyxel.fi ZyXEL Communications Oy
Malminkaari 10
00700 Helsinki
Finland
sales@zyxel.fi +358-9-4780 8448
FRANCE
info@zyxel.fr +33-4-72-52-97-97 www.zyxel.fr ZyXEL France
1 rue des Vergers
Bat. 1 / C
69760 Limonest
France
+33-4-72-52-19-20
GERMANY
support@zyxel.de +49-2405-6909-0 www.zyxel.de ZyXEL Deutschland GmbH.
Adenauerstr. 20/A2 D-52146
Wuerselen
Germany
sales@zyxel.de +49-2405-6909-99
HUNGARY
support@zyxel.hu +36-1-3361649 www.zyxel.hu ZyXEL Hungary
48, Zoldlomb Str.
H-1025, Budapest
Hungary
info@zyxel.hu +36-1-3259100
KAZAKHSTAN
http://zyxel.kz/support +7-3272-590-698 www.zyxel.kz ZyXEL Kazakhstan
43, Dostyk ave.,Office 414
Dostyk Business Centre
050010, Almaty
Republic of Kazakhstan
sales@zyxel.kz +7-3272-590-689
NORTH AMERICA
support@zyxel.com 1-800-255-4101
+1-714-632-0882
www.us.zyxel.com ZyXEL Communications Inc.
1130 N. Miller St.
Anaheim
CA 92806-2001
U.S.A.
sales@zyxel.com +1-714-632-0858 ftp.us.zyxel.com
ZyXEL AG-320 User’s Guide
Customer Support 9
+” is the (prefix) number you enter to make an international telephone call.
NORWAY
support@zyxel.no +47-22-80-61-80 www.zyxel.no ZyXEL Communications A/S
Nils Hansens vei 13
0667 Oslo
Norway
sales@zyxel.no +47-22-80-61-81
POLAND
info@pl.zyxel.com +48 (22) 333 8250 www.pl.zyxel.com ZyXEL Communications
ul. Okrzei 1A
03-715 Warszawa
Poland
+48 (22) 333 8251
RUSSIA
http://zyxel.ru/support +7-095-542-89-29 www.zyxel.ru ZyXEL Russia
Ostrovityanova 37a Str.
Moscow, 117279
Russia
sales@zyxel.ru +7-095-542-89-25
SPAIN
support@zyxel.es +34-902-195-420 www.zyxel.es ZyXEL Communications
Arte, 21 5ª planta
28033 Madrid
Spain
sales@zyxel.es +34-913-005-345
SWEDEN
support@zyxel.se +46-31-744-7700 www.zyxel.se ZyXEL Communications A/S
Sjöporten 4, 41764 Göteborg
Sweden
sales@zyxel.se +46-31-744-7701
UKRAINE
support@ua.zyxel.com +380-44-247-69-78 www.ua.zyxel.com ZyXEL Ukraine
13, Pimonenko Str.
Kiev, 04050
Ukraine
sales@ua.zyxel.com +380-44-494-49-32
UNITED KINGDOM
support@zyxel.co.uk +44-1344 303044
08707 555779 (UK only)
www.zyxel.co.uk ZyXEL Communications UK
Ltd.,11 The Courtyard,
Eastern Road, Bracknell,
Berkshire, RG12 2XB,
United Kingdom (UK)
sales@zyxel.co.uk +44-1344 303034 ftp.zyxel.co.uk
METHOD
LOCATION
SUPPORT E-MAIL TELEPHONE WEB SITE
REGULAR MAIL
SALES E-MAIL FAX FTP SITE
ZyXEL AG-320 User’s Guide
10 Customer Support
ZyXEL AG-320 User’s Guide
Table of Contents 11
Table of Contents
Copyright .................................................................................................................. 3
Certifications ............................................................................................................ 4
ZyXEL Limited Warranty.......................................................................................... 6
Safety Warnings ....................................................................................................... 7
Customer Support.................................................................................................... 8
Table of Contents ................................................................................................... 11
List of Figures ........................................................................................................ 15
List of Tables .......................................................................................................... 17
Preface .................................................................................................................... 19
Chapter 1
Getting Started ....................................................................................................... 21
1.1 About Your AG-320 ..........................................................................................21
1.2 Application Overview .........................................................................................21
1.2.0.1 Infrastructure ...................................................................................21
1.2.0.2 Ad-Hoc ............................................................................................22
1.3 AG-320 Hardware and Utility Installation ...........................................................23
1.3.1 ZyXEL Utility Icon ....................................................................................23
1.4 Configuration Methods ......................................................................................23
1.4.1 Enabling WZC ...........................................................................................23
1.4.2 Accessing the ZyXEL Utility .....................................................................24
Chapter 2
Tutorial .................................................................................................................... 25
2.1 Connecting to a Wireless LAN ..........................................................................25
2.2 Creating and Using a Profile ..............................................................................27
Chapter 3
Wireless LAN Network........................................................................................... 31
3.1 Wireless LAN Overview ....................................................................................31
3.2 Wireless LAN Security ......................................................................................32
3.2.1 User Authentication and Encryption .........................................................32
3.2.1.1 WEP ................................................................................................32
ZyXEL AG-320 User’s Guide
12 Table of Contents
3.2.1.2 IEEE 802.1x ....................................................................................33
3.2.1.3 WPA and WPA2 ..............................................................................34
3.3 Introduction to OTIST .....................................................................................34
3.3.1 Enabling OTIST ........................................................................................34
3.3.1.1 AP ...................................................................................................35
3.3.1.2 Wireless Client ................................................................................35
3.3.2 Starting OTIST .........................................................................................35
3.3.3 Notes on OTIST ........................................................................................36
Chapter 4
ZyXEL Utility Configuration .................................................................................. 39
4.1 The Link Info Screen ..........................................................................................39
4.1.1 Trend Chart ...............................................................................................40
4.2 The Site Survey Screen .....................................................................................41
4.2.1 Security Settings .......................................................................................42
4.2.1.1 WEP Encryption ..............................................................................42
4.2.1.2 WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK .....................................................................44
4.2.1.3 WPA/WPA2 .....................................................................................44
4.2.1.4 802.1x .............................................................................................45
4.2.2 Confirm New Settings ...............................................................................46
4.3 The Profile Screen .............................................................................................47
4.3.1 Adding a New Profile ................................................................................49
4.4 The Advanced Screen ........................................................................................52
4.5 The Adapter Screen ...........................................................................................53
Chapter 5
Maintenance ........................................................................................................... 55
5.1 The About Screen .............................................................................................55
5.2 Uninstalling the ZyXEL Utility ............................................................................55
5.3 Upgrading the ZyXEL Utility ..............................................................................56
Chapter 6
Troubleshooting .................................................................................................. 57
6.1 Problems Starting the ZyXEL Utility ...................................................................57
6.2 Problem with the Link Quality .............................................................................57
6.3 Problems Communicating With Other Computers .............................................58
Appendix A
Product Specifications .......................................................................................... 59
Appendix B
Management with Wireless Zero Configuration.................................................. 61
Appendix C
ZyXEL AG-320 User’s Guide
Table of Contents 13
Wireless Security ................................................................................................... 73
Appendix D
Setting up Your Computer’s IP Address.............................................................. 79
Index........................................................................................................................ 91
ZyXEL AG-320 User’s Guide
14 Table of Contents
ZyXEL AG-320 User’s Guide
List of Figures 15
List of Figures
Figure 1 Application: Infrastructure ....................................................................... 22
Figure 2 Application: Ad-Hoc ................................................................................ 22
Figure 3 ZyXEL Utility: System Tray Icon .............................................................. 23
Figure 4 Enable WZC ............................................................................................. 24
Figure 5 Infrastructure Network .............................................................................. 25
Figure 6 ZyXEL Utility: Site Survey ........................................................................ 26
Figure 7 ZyXEL Utility: Security Setting ................................................................ 26
Figure 8 ZyXEL Utility: Confirm New Settings ....................................................... 27
Figure 9 ZyXEL Utility: Link Info ............................................................................ 27
Figure 10 ZyXEL Utility: Profile .............................................................................. 28
Figure 11 ZyXEL Utility: Add New Profile ............................................................... 28
Figure 12 ZyXEL Utility: Profile Security ................................................................ 29
Figure 13 ZyXEL Utility: Profile Encryption ............................................................ 29
Figure 14 ZyXEL Utility: Profile Confirm New Settings .......................................... 29
Figure 15 ZyXEL Utility: Profile Activate ................................................................ 30
Figure 16 Example of a Wireless Network ............................................................. 31
Figure 17 Link Info ................................................................................................ 39
Figure 18 Station Mode: Link Info: Trend Chart .................................................... 40
Figure 19 Site Survey ............................................................................................ 41
Figure 20 Security Setting: WEP .......................................................................... 42
Figure 21 Security Setting: WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK ................................................ 44
Figure 22 Security Setting: WPA/WPA2 ................................................................. 44
Figure 23 Security Setting: 802.1x ........................................................................ 46
Figure 24 Confirm New Settings ........................................................................... 47
Figure 25 Profile ................................................................................................... 48
Figure 26 Profile: Add a New Profile ..................................................................... 49
Figure 27 Profile: Select a Channel ...................................................................... 50
Figure 28 Profile: Security Settings ....................................................................... 51
Figure 29 Profile: Security Settings ....................................................................... 51
Figure 30 Profile: Confirm New Settings ............................................................... 52
Figure 31 Profile: Activate the Profile .................................................................... 52
Figure 32 Advanced ............................................................................................... 53
Figure 33 Adapter ................................................................................................. 53
Figure 34 About ..................................................................................................... 55
Figure 35 Uninstall: Confirm ................................................................................. 56
Figure 36 Uninstall: Finish ..................................................................................... 56
Figure 37 Windows XP SP2: WZC Not Available .................................................. 61
Figure 38 Windows XP SP2: System Tray Icon ..................................................... 62
ZyXEL AG-320 User’s Guide
16 List of Figures
Figure 39 Windows XP SP2: Wireless Network Connection Status ....................... 62
Figure 40 Windows XP SP1: Wireless Network Connection Status ....................... 63
Figure 41 Windows XP SP2: Wireless Network Connection .................................. 63
Figure 42 Windows XP SP1: Wireless Network Connection Properties ................ 64
Figure 43 Windows XP SP2: Wireless Network Connection: WEP or WPA-PSK .. 65
Figure 44 Windows XP SP2: Wireless Network Connection: No Security ............ 65
Figure 45 Windows XP: Wireless (network) properties: Association ..................... 66
Figure 46 Windows XP: Wireless (network) properties: Authentication ................. 67
Figure 47 Windows XP: Protected EAP Properties ................................................ 68
Figure 48 Windows XP: Smart Card or other Certificate Properties ...................... 69
Figure 49 Windows XP SP2: Wireless Networks: Preferred Networks .................. 71
Figure 50 Windows XP SP1: Wireless Networks: Preferred Networks .................. 71
Figure 51 WPA-PSK Authentication ....................................................................... 77
Figure 52 WPA(2) with RADIUS Application Example ........................................... 78
Figure 53 WIndows 95/98/Me: Network: Configuration .......................................... 80
Figure 54 Windows 95/98/Me: TCP/IP Properties: IP Address .............................. 81
Figure 55 Windows 95/98/Me: TCP/IP Properties: DNS Configuration ................. 82
Figure 56 Windows XP: Start Menu ....................................................................... 83
Figure 57 Windows XP: Control Panel ................................................................... 83
Figure 58 Windows XP: Control Panel: Network Connections: Properties ............ 84
Figure 59 Windows XP: Local Area Connection Properties ................................... 84
Figure 60 Windows XP: Advanced TCP/IP Settings .............................................. 85
Figure 61 Windows XP: Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties .............................. 86
Figure 62 Macintosh OS 8/9: Apple Menu ............................................................. 87
Figure 63 Macintosh OS 8/9: TCP/IP ..................................................................... 87
Figure 64 Macintosh OS X: Apple Menu ................................................................ 88
Figure 65 Macintosh OS X: Network ...................................................................... 89
ZyXEL AG-320 User’s Guide
List of Tables 17
List of Tables
Table 1 ZyXEL Utility: System Tray Icon ............................................................... 23
Table 2 Link Info .................................................................................................... 39
Table 3 Station Mode: Link Info: Trend Chart ........................................................ 41
Table 4 Site Survey ............................................................................................... 41
Table 5 Security Setting: WEP .............................................................................. 42
Table 6 Security Setting: WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK ................................................... 44
Table 7 Security Setting: WPA/WPA2 .................................................................... 45
Table 8 Security Setting: 802.1x ............................................................................ 46
Table 9 Confirm New Settings ............................................................................... 47
Table 10 Profile ..................................................................................................... 48
Table 11 Profile: Add a New Profile ....................................................................... 49
Table 12 Profile: Select a Channel ........................................................................ 50
Table 13 Adapter ................................................................................................... 53
Table 14 About ...................................................................................................... 55
Table 15 Troubleshooting Starting ZyXEL Utility ................................................... 57
Table 16 Troubleshooting Link Quality .................................................................. 57
Table 17 Troubleshooting Communication Problem .............................................. 58
Table 18 Product Specifications ............................................................................ 59
Table 19 Windows XP SP2: System Tray Icon ...................................................... 62
Table 20 Windows XP SP2: Wireless Network Connection .................................. 64
Table 21 Windows XP: Wireless Networks ........................................................... 65
Table 22 Windows XP: Wireless (network) properties: Association ...................... 66
Table 23 Windows XP: Wireless (network) properties: Authentication .................. 67
Table 24 Windows XP: Protected EAP Properties ................................................ 69
Table 25 Windows XP: Smart Card or other Certificate Properties ....................... 70
Table 26 Comparison of EAP Authentication Types .............................................. 75
Table 27 Wireless Security Relational Matrix ........................................................ 78
ZyXEL AG-320 User’s Guide
18 List of Tables
ZyXEL AG-320 User’s Guide
Preface 19
Preface
Congratulations on your purchase of the ZyXEL AG-320 802.11a/b/g Wireless PCI Adapter.
Your AG-320 is easy to install and configure.
About This User's Guide
This manual is designed to guide you through the configuration of your AG-320 for its various
applications.
Related Documentation
• Supporting Disk
Refer to the included CD for support documents.
• Quick Start Guide
The Quick Start Guide is designed to help you get up and running right away. It contains
hardware installation/connection information.
• ZyXEL Web Site
Please go to http://www.zyxel.com for product news, firmware, updated documents, and
other support materials.
User Guide Feedback
Help us help you. E-mail all User Guide-related comments, questions or suggestions for
improvement to techwriters@zyxel.com.tw or send regular mail to The Technical Writing
Team, ZyXEL Communications Corp., 6 Innovation Road II, Science-Based Industrial Park,
Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan. Thank you.
Syntax Conventions
• “Enter” means for you to type one or more characters. “Select” or “Choose” means for
you to use one predefined choice.
• Mouse action sequences are denoted using a right angle bracket For example, “In
Windows, click Start > Settings > Control Panel” means first click the Start button,
then point your mouse pointer to Settings and then click Control Panel.
• “e.g.,” is a shorthand for “for instance”, and “i.e.,” means “that is” or “in other words”.
• The ZyXEL AG-320 802.11a/b/g Wireless PCI Adapter may be referred to as the AG-
320 in this user’s guide.
ZyXEL AG-320 User’s Guide
20 Preface
Graphics Icons Key
Wireless Access Point Computer Notebook Computer
Server Modem or Router Wireless Signal
Internet Cloud
ZyXEL AG-320 User’s Guide
Chapter 1 Getting Started 21
CHAPTER 1
Getting Started
This chapter introduces the AG-320 and prepares you to use the ZyXEL utility.
1.1 About Your AG-320
The AG-320 is an IEEE 802.11a/b/g compliant wireless LAN adapter. The ZyXEL utility is a
tool that helps you configure your AG-320. See the appendix for detailed product
specifications.
1.2 Application Overview
This section describes some network applications for the AG-320. You can either set the
network type to Infrastructure and connect to an AP or use Ad-Hoc mode and connect to a
peer computer (another wireless device in Ad-Hoc mode).
1.2.0.1 Infrastructure
To connect to a network via an access point (AP), set the AG-320 network type to
Infrastructure. Through the AP, you can access the Internet or the wired network behind the
AP.
ZyXEL AG-320 User’s Guide
22 Chapter 1 Getting Started
Figure 1 Application: Infrastructure
1.2.0.2 Ad-Hoc
To set up a small independent wireless workgroup without an AP, use Ad-Hoc.
Ad-Hoc does not require an AP or a wired network. Two or more wireless clients
communicate directly to each other.
Figure 2 Application: Ad-Hoc
ZyXEL AG-320 User’s Guide
Chapter 1 Getting Started 23
1.3 AG-320 Hardware and Utility Installation
Follow the instructions in the Quick Start Guide to install the ZyXEL utility and make
hardware connections.
1.3.1 ZyXEL Utility Icon
After you install and start the ZyXEL utility, an icon for the ZyXEL utility appears in the
system tray.
Note: The ZyXEL utility system tray icon displays only when the AG-320 is installed
properly.
When you use the ZyXEL utility, it automatically disables WZC.
Figure 3 ZyXEL Utility: System Tray Icon
The color of the ZyXEL utility system tray icon indicates the status of the AG-320. Refer to
the following table for details.
1.4 Configuration Methods
To configure your AG-320, use one of the following applications:
• Wireless Zero Configuration (WZC) (the Windows XP wireless configuration tool)
• ZyXEL Utility
1.4.1 Enabling WZC
Note: When you use the ZyXEL utility, it automatically disables WZC.
If you want to use WZC to configure the AG-320, you need to disable the ZyXEL utility by
right-clicking the utility icon ( ) in the system tray and selecting Use Windows to configure
my wireless network settings.
Table 1 ZyXEL Utility: System Tray Icon
COLOR DESCRIPTION
Red The AG-320 is not connected to a wireless network or is searching for an available
wireless network.
Green The AG-320 is connected to a wireless network.
ZyXEL AG-320 User’s Guide
24 Chapter 1 Getting Started
Figure 4 Enable WZC
Refer to the appendices for information on how to use WZC to manage the AG-320.
To re-activate the ZyXEL utility, double-click the ( ) icon on your desktop or click Start,
(All) Programs, ZyXEL AG-320 Utility, ZyXEL AG-320 Utility GUI.
1.4.2 Accessing the ZyXEL Utility
Double-click on the ZyXEL wireless LAN utility icon in the system tray to open the ZyXEL
utility. The ZyXEL utility screens are similar in all Microsoft Windows versions. Screens for
Windows XP are shown in this User’s Guide.
Note: Click the icon (located in the top right corner) to display the online help
window.
ZyXEL AG-320 User’s Guide
Chapter 2 Tutorial 25
CHAPTER 2
Tutorial
The following sections show you how to join a wireless network using the ZyXEL utility, as in
the following diagrams. The wireless client is labeled C and the access point is labeled AP.
Figure 5 Infrastructure Network
There are three ways to connect the wireless client to a network.
• Configure nothing and leave the wireless client to automatically scan for and connect to
any available network that has no wireless security configured.
• Manually connect to a network (see Section 2.1 on page 25).
• Configure a profile to have the wireless client automatically connect to a specific network
or peer computer (see Section 2.2 on page 27).
2.1 Connecting to a Wireless LAN
This example illustrates how to manually connect your wireless client to an access point (AP)
which is configured for WPA-PSK security and connected to the Internet. Before you connect
to the access point, you must know its Service Set IDentity (SSID) and WPA-PSK pre-shared
key. In this example, the SSID is “SSID_Example3” and the pre-shared key is
“ThisismyWPA-PSKpre-sharedkey” in the AP.
After you install the ZyXEL utility and then insert the wireless client, follow the steps below
to connect to a network using the Site Survey screen.
1Open the ZyXEL utility and click the Site Survey tab to open the screen as shown next.
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26 Chapter 2 Tutorial
Figure 6 ZyXEL Utility: Site Survey
2The wireless client automatically searches for available wireless networks. Click Scan if
you want to search again. If no entry displays in the Available Network List, that means
there is no wireless network available within range. Make sure the AP or peer computer is
turned on, or move the wireless client closer to the AP or peer computer. See Table 4 on
page 41 for detailed field descriptions.
3To connect to an AP or peer computer, either click an entry in the list and then click
Connect or double-click an entry (with a SSID of SSID_Example3, in this example).
4When you try to connect to an AP with security configured, a window will pop up
prompting you to specify the security settings. Enter the pre-shared key and leave the
encryption type at the default setting.
Use the Next button to move on to the next screen. You can use the Back button at any
time to return to the previous screen, or the Exit button to return to the Site Survey
screen.
Figure 7 ZyXEL Utility: Security Setting
5The Confirm New Settings window appears. Check your settings and click Save to
continue.
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Chapter 2 Tutorial 27
Figure 8 ZyXEL Utility: Confirm New Settings
6The ZyXEL utility returns to the Link Info screen while it connects to the wireless
network using your settings. When the wireless link is established, the ZyXEL utility icon
in the system tray turns green and the Link Info screen displays details of the active
connection. Check the network information in the Link Info screen to verify that you
have successfully connected to the selected network. If the wireless client is not
connected to a network, the fields in this screen remain blank. See Table 2 on page 39 for
detailed field descriptions.
Figure 9 ZyXEL Utility: Link Info
7Open your Internet browser and enter http://www.zyxel.com or the URL of any other web
site in the address bar. If you are able to access the web site, your wireless connection is
successfully configured. If you cannot access the web site, check the Troubleshooting
section of this User's Guide or contact your network administrator if necessary.
2.2 Creating and Using a Profile
A profile lets you automatically connect to the same wireless network every time you use the
ZyXEL utility. You can also configure different profiles for different networks, for example if
you connect a notebook computer to wireless networks at home and at work.
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This example illustrates how to set up a profile and connect the wireless client to an access
point configured for WPA-PSK security. In this example, the SSID is “SSID_Example3” and
the pre-shared key is “ThisismyWPA-PSKpre-sharedkey” in the AP. You have chosen the
profile name “PN_Example3”.
1Open the ZyXEL utility and click the Profile tab to open the screen as shown. Click Add
to configure a new profile.
Figure 10 ZyXEL Utility: Profile
2The Add New Profile screen appears. The wireless client automatically searches for
available wireless networks, which are displayed in the Scan Info box. You can also
configure your profile for a wireless network that is not in the list.
Figure 11 ZyXEL Utility: Add New Profile
3Give the profile a descriptive name (of up to 32 printable ASCII characters). Select
Infrastructure and either manually enter or select the AP's SSID in the Scan Info table
and click Select.
4Choose the same encryption method as the AP to which you want to connect (In this
example, WPA-PSK).
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Chapter 2 Tutorial 29
Figure 12 ZyXEL Utility: Profile Security
5This screen varies depending on the encryption method you selected in the previous
screen. In this example, enter the pre-shared key and leave the encryption type at the
default setting.
Figure 13 ZyXEL Utility: Profile Encryption
6Verify the profile settings in the ready-only screen. Click Save to save and go to the next
screen.
Figure 14 ZyXEL Utility: Profile Confirm New Settings
7Click Activate Now to use the new profile immediately. Otherwise, click the Activate
Later button to go back to the Profile List screen.
If you clicked Activate Later you can select the profile from the list in the Profile screen
and click Connect to activate it.
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Note: Only one profile can be activated and used at any given time.
Figure 15 ZyXEL Utility: Profile Activate
8When you activate the new profile, the ZyXEL utility goes to the Link Info screen while
it connects to the AP using your settings. When the wireless link is established, the
ZyXEL utility icon in the system tray turns green and the Link Info screen displays
details of the active connection.
9Make sure the selected AP in the active profile is connected to the Internet. Open your
Internet browser, enter http://www.zyxel.com or the URL of any other web site in the
address bar and press ENTER. If you are able to access the web site, your new profile is
successfully configured.
10If you cannot access the Internet, go back to the Profile screen. Select the profile you are
using and click Edit. Check the details you entered previously. Also, refer to the
Troubleshooting section of this User's Guide or contact your network administrator if
necessary.
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Chapter 3 Wireless LAN Network 31
CHAPTER 3
Wireless LAN Network
This chapter provides background information on wireless LAN network.
3.1 Wireless LAN Overview
The following figure provides an example of a wireless network with an AP. See Figure 2 on
page 22 for an Ad Hoc network example.
Figure 16 Example of a Wireless Network
The wireless network is the part in the blue circle. In this wireless network, devices A and B
are called wireless clients. The wireless clients use the access point (AP) to interact with other
devices (such as the printer) or with the Internet
Every wireless network must follow these basic guidelines.
• Every device in the same wireless network must use the same SSID.
The SSID is the name of the wireless network. It stands for Service Set IDentity.
• If two wireless networks overlap, they should use a different channel.
Like radio stations or television channels, each wireless network uses a specific channel,
or frequency, to send and receive information.
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• Every device in the same wireless network must use security compatible with the AP or
peer computer.
Security stops unauthorized devices from using the wireless network. It can also protect
the information that is sent in the wireless network.
3.2 Wireless LAN Security
Wireless LAN security is vital to your network to protect wireless communications.
Configure the wireless LAN security using the Profile Security Setting screen. If you do not
enable any wireless security on your AG-320, the AG-320’s wireless communications are
accessible to any wireless networking device that is in the coverage area.
Note: You can only use WEP encryption if you set the AG-320 to Ad-hoc mode.
See the appendices for more detailed information about wireless security.
This type of security does not protect the information that is sent in the wireless network.
Furthermore, there are ways for unauthorized wireless devices to get the MAC address of an
authorized device. Then, they can use that MAC address to use the wireless network.
3.2.1 User Authentication and Encryption
You can make every user log in to the wireless network before they can use it. This is called
user authentication. However, every wireless client in the wireless network has to support
IEEE 802.1x to do this.
Wireless networks can use encryption to protect the information that is sent in the wireless
network. Encryption is like a secret code. If you do not know the secret code, you cannot
understand the message.
3.2.1.1 WEP
3.2.1.1.1 Data Encryption
WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy) encryption scrambles all data packets transmitted between
the AG-320 and the AP or other wireless stations to keep network communications private.
Both the wireless stations and the access points must use the same WEP key for data
encryption and decryption.
There are two ways to create WEP keys in your AG-320.
• Automatic WEP key generation based on a “password phrase” called a passphrase. The
passphrase is case sensitive. You must use the same passphrase for all WLAN adapters
with this feature in the same WLAN.
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Chapter 3 Wireless LAN Network 33
For WLAN adapters without the passphrase feature, you can still take advantage of this
feature by writing down the four automatically generated WEP keys from the Security
Setting screen of the ZyXEL utility and entering them manually as the WEP keys in the
other WLAN adapter(s).
• Enter the WEP keys manually.
Your AG-320 allows you to configure up to four 64-bit, 128-bit or 256-bit WEP keys and
only one key is used as the default key at any one time.
3.2.1.1.2 Authentication Type
The IEEE 802.11a/b/g standard describes a simple authentication method between the wireless
stations and AP. Three authentication types are defined: Auto, Open System and Shared
Key.
• Open System mode is implemented for ease-of-use and when security is not an issue.
The wireless station and the AP or peer computer do not share a secret key. Thus the
wireless stations can associate with any AP or peer computer and listen to any transmitted
data that is not encrypted.
• Shared Key mode involves a shared secret key to authenticate the wireless station to the
AP or peer computer. This requires you to enable the wireless LAN security and use same
settings on both the wireless station and the AP or peer computer.
• Auto authentication mode allows the AG-320 to switch between the open system and
shared key modes automatically. Use the auto mode if you do not know the
authentication mode of the other wireless stations.
3.2.1.2 IEEE 802.1x
The IEEE 802.1x standard outlines enhanced security methods for both the authentication of
wireless stations and encryption key management. Authentication can be done using an
external RADIUS server.
3.2.1.2.1 EAP Authentication
EAP (Extensible Authentication Protocol) is an authentication protocol that runs on top of the
IEEE 802.1x transport mechanism in order to support multiple types of user authentication. By
using EAP to interact with an EAP-compatible RADIUS server, an access point helps a
wireless station and a RADIUS server perform authentication.
The type of authentication you use depends on the RADIUS server and an intermediary AP(s)
that supports IEEE 802.1x. The AG-320 supports EAP-TLS and EAP-PEAP. Refer to
Appendix C on page 73 for descriptions.
For EAP-TLS authentication type, you must first have a wired connection to the network and
obtain the certificate(s) from a certificate authority (CA). A certificate (also called digital IDs)
can be used to authenticate users and a CA issues certificates and guarantees the identity of
each certificate owner.
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3.2.1.3 WPA and WPA2
Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA) is a subset of the IEEE 802.11i standard. WPA2 (IEEE
802.11i) is a wireless security standard that defines stronger encryption, authentication and
key management than WPA.
Key differences between WPA(2) and WEP are improved data encryption and user
authentication.
Both WPA and WPA2 improve data encryption by using Temporal Key Integrity Protocol
(TKIP), Message Integrity Check (MIC) and IEEE 802.1x. WPA and WPA2 use Advanced
Encryption Standard (AES) in the Counter mode with Cipher block chaining Message
authentication code Protocol (CCMP) to offer stronger encryption than TKIP.
If both an AP and the wireless clients support WPA2 and you have an external RADIUS
server, use WPA2 for stronger data encryption. If you don't have an external RADIUS server,
you should use WPA2-PSK (WPA2-Pre-Shared Key) that only requires a single (identical)
password entered into each access point, wireless gateway and wireless client. As long as the
passwords match, a wireless client will be granted access to a WLAN.
If the AP or the wireless clients do not support WPA2, just use WPA or WPA-PSK depending
on whether you have an external RADIUS server or not.
Select WEP only when the AP and/or wireless clients do not support WPA or WPA2. WEP is
less secure than WPA or WPA2.
3.3 Introduction to OTIST
In a wireless network, the wireless clients must have the same SSID and security settings as
the access point (AP) or wireless router (we will refer to both as “AP” here) in order to
associate with it. Traditionally this meant that you had to configure the settings on the AP and
then manually configure the exact same settings on each wireless client.
OTIST (One-Touch Intelligent Security Technology) allows you to transfer your AP’s SSID
and WEP or WPA-PSK security settings to wireless clients that support OTIST and are within
transmission range. You can also choose to have OTIST generate a WPA-PSK key for you if
you didn’t configure one manually.
3.3.1 Enabling OTIST
You must enable OTIST on both the AP and wireless client before you start transferring
settings.
We use the P-334U in this guide as the example AP. Screens may vary slightly for your
ZyXEL devices.
Note: The AP and wireless client(s) MUST use the same Setup key.
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Chapter 3 Wireless LAN Network 35
3.3.1.1 AP
On the P-334U, you can enable OTIST using the OTIST button or the web configurator. If
you use the OTIST button, the default (01234567) or previous saved (through the web
configurator) Setup key is used to encrypt the settings that you want to transfer.
Hold in the OTIST button for about two seconds.
In the web configurator, go to the Wireless LAN main screen and then select OTIST. To
change the Setup key, enter zero to eight printable characters. To have OTIST automatically
generate a WPA-PSK key, select the Yes check box. If you manually configured a WEP key
or a WPA-PSK key and you also selected this check box, then the key you manually
configured is used.
3.3.1.2 Wireless Client
Start the ZyXEL utility and click the Adapter tab. Select the OTIST check box, enter the
same Setup Key as your AP’s and click Save.
3.3.2 Starting OTIST
Note: You must click Start in the AP OTIST web configurator screen and in the
wireless client(s) Adapter screen all within three minutes (at the time of
writing). You can start OTIST in the wireless clients and AP in any order but
they must all be within range and have OTIST enabled.
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See the user’s guide for more information.
3.3.3 Notes on OTIST
1If you enabled OTIST in the wireless client, you see this screen each time you start the
utility. Click Yes for it to search for an OTIST-enabled AP.
2If an OTIST-enabled wireless client loses its wireless connection for more than ten
seconds, it will search for an OTIST-enabled AP for up to one minute. (If you manually
have the wireless client search for an OTIST-enabled AP, there is no timeout; click
Cancel in the OTIST progress screen to stop the search.)
3When the wireless client finds an OTIST-enabled AP, you must still click Start in the AP
OTIST web configurator screen or hold in the Reset button (for one or two seconds) for
the AP to transfer settings.
4If you change the SSID or the keys on the AP after using OTIST, you need to run OTIST
again or enter them manually in the wireless client(s).
1In the AP, a web configurator screen pops
up showing you the security settings to
transfer. After reviewing the settings, click
OK.
2This screen appears while OTIST settings are being transferred. It closes when the
transfer is complete.
• In the wireless client, you see this screen if
it can't find an OTIST-enabled AP (with the
same Setup key). Click OK to go back to
the ZyXEL utility main screen.
• If there is more than one OTIST-enabled AP within range, you see a screen asking you
to select one AP to get settings from.
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Chapter 3 Wireless LAN Network 37
5If you configure OTIST to generate a WPA-PSK key, this key changes each time you run
OTIST. Therefore, if a new wireless client joins your wireless network, you need to run
OTIST on the AP and ALL the wireless clients again.
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ZyXEL AG-320 User’s Guide
Chapter 4 ZyXEL Utility Configuration 39
CHAPTER 4
ZyXEL Utility Configuration
This chapter shows you how to configure your AG-320 using the ZyXEL utility.
4.1 The Link Info Screen
When the ZyXEL utility starts, the Link Info screen displays, showing the current
configuration and connection status of your AG-320.
Figure 17 Link Info
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 2 Link Info
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Wireless Network
Status
Profile Name This is the name of the profile you are currently using.
Network Name
(SSID)
The SSID identifies the wireless network to which a wireless station is associated.
This field displays the name of the wireless device to which the AG-320 is
associated.
AP MAC Address This field displays the MAC address of the AP or peer computer to which the AG-
320 is associated.
Network Type This field displays the network type (Infrastructure or Ad-Hoc) of the wireless
network.
Transmission Rate This field displays the current transmission rate of the AG-320 in megabits per
second (Mbps).
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4.1.1 Trend Chart
Click Trend Chart in the Link Info screen to display a screen as shown below. Use this
screen to view real-time data traffic statistics.
Figure 18 Station Mode: Link Info: Trend Chart
Security This field displays whether data encryption is activated (WEP (WEP or 802.1x),
TKIP (WPA/WPA-PSK/WPA2/WPA2-PSK), AES (WPA/WPA-PSK/WPA2/WPA2-
PSK)) or inactive (None).
Channel This field displays the radio channel the AG-320 is currently using.
Statistics
Transmit Rate This field displays the current data transmission rate in kilobits per second (Kbps).
Receive Rate This field displays the current data receiving rate in kilobits per second (Kbps).
Authentication This field displays the authentication method of the AG-320.
Network Mode This field displays the wireless standard (802.11a, 802.11b or 802.11g) of the AP
or peer computer.
Total Transmit This field displays the total number of data frames transmitted.
Total Receive This field displays the total number of data frames received.
Link Quality This field displays the signal strength of the AG-320.
Trend Chart Click this button to display the real-time statistics of the data rate in kilobits per
second (Kbps).
Signal Strength The status bar shows the strength of the signal. The signal strength is mainly
depending on the antenna output power and the distance between your AG-320
and the AP or peer computer.
Link Quality The status bar shows the quality of wireless connection. This refers to the
percentage of packets transmitted successfully. If there are too many wireless
stations in a wireless network, collisions may occur which could result in a loss of
messages even though you have high signal strength.
Table 2 Link Info (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
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Chapter 4 ZyXEL Utility Configuration 41
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
4.2 The Site Survey Screen
Use the Site Survey screen to scan for and connect to a wireless network automatically.
Figure 19 Site Survey
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 3 Station Mode: Link Info: Trend Chart
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Transmit This field displays the current data transmission rate in kilobits per second (Kbps).
Receive This field displays the current data receiving rate in kilobits per second (Kbps).
Table 4 Site Survey
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Available Network
List
Click a column heading to sort the entries.
,
,
or
denotes that the wireless device is in infrastructure mode and the wireless
security is activated.
denotes that the wireless device is in infrastructure mode but the wireless
security is deactivated.
denotes that the wireless device is in Ad-Hoc mode and the wireless
security is activated.
denotes that the wireless device is in Ad-Hoc mode but the wireless
security is deactivated.
SSID This field displays the SSID (Service Set IDentifier) of each wireless device.
Channel This field displays the channel number used by each wireless device.
Signal This field displays the signal strength of each wireless device.
Scan Click Scan to search for available wireless devices within transmission range.
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4.2.1 Security Settings
When you configure the AG-320 to connect to a network with wireless security activated and
the security settings are disabled on the AG-320, the screen varies according to the encryption
method used by the selected network.
4.2.1.1 WEP Encryption
Figure 20 Security Setting: WEP
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Connect Click Connect to associate to the selected wireless device.
Site Info Click an entry in the Available Network List table to display the information of the
selected wireless device.
Network Type This field displays the network type (Infrastructure or Ad-Hoc) of the wireless
device.
Channel This field displays the channel number used by each wireless device.
Encryption This field shows whether data encryption is activated (WEP, WPA-PSK, WPA,
WPA, WPA, WPA2-PSK) or inactive (Disabled).
MAC address This field displays the MAC address of the wireless device.
Surveyed at This field displays the time when the wireless device is scanned.
Table 4 Site Survey (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Table 5 Security Setting: WEP
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Security Setting
WEP Select 64 Bits, 128 Bits or 256 Bits to activate WEP encryption and then fill in the
related fields.
Encryption Type Select an authentication method. Choices are Auto, Open System and Shared
Key.
Refer to Section 3.2.1.1.2 on page 33 for more information.
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Chapter 4 ZyXEL Utility Configuration 43
Pass Phrase Enter a passphrase of up to 63 case-sensitive printable characters. As you enter
the passphrase, the AG-320 automatically generates four different WEP keys and
displays it in the key field below. Refer to Section 3.2.1.1.1 on page 32 for more
information.
At the time of writing, you cannot use passphrase to generate 256-bit WEP keys.
Transmit Key Select a default WEP key to use for data encryption. The key displays in the field
below.
Key x (where x is a
number between 1
and 4)
Select this option if you want to manually enter the WEP keys. Enter the WEP key
in the field provided.
If you select 64 Bits in the WEP field.
Enter either 10 hexadecimal digits in the range of “A-F”, “a-f” and “0-9” (for
example, 11AA22BB33) for HEX key type.
or
Enter 5 ASCII characters (case sensitive) ranging from “a-z”, “A-Z” and “0-9”
(for example, MyKey) for ASCII key type.
If you select 128 Bits in the WEP field,
Enter either 26 hexadecimal digits in the range of “A-F”, “a-f” and “0-9” (for
example, 00112233445566778899AABBCC) for HEX key type
or
Enter 13 ASCII characters (case sensitive) ranging from “a-z”, “A-Z” and “0-9”
(for example, MyKey12345678) for ASCII key type.
If you select 256 Bits in the WEP field,
Enter either 58 hexadecimal digits in the range of "A-F", "a-f" and "0-9" (for
example,
0000111122223333444455556666777788889999AAAABBBBCCCC000011)
for HEX key type
or
Enter 29 ASCII characters (case sensitive) ranging from "a-z", "A-Z" and "0-9"
(for example, MyKey111122223333444455556678) for ASCII key type.
Note: The values for the WEP keys must be set up exactly the
same on all wireless devices in the same wireless LAN.
ASCII WEP keys are case sensitive.
Back Click Back to go to the Site Survey screen to select and connect to another
network.
Next Click Next to confirm your selections and advance to the Confirm New Settings
screen. Refer to Section 4.2.2 on page 46.
Exit Click Exit to return to the Site Survey screen without saving.
Table 5 Security Setting: WEP (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
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4.2.1.2 WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK
Figure 21 Security Setting: WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
4.2.1.3 WPA/WPA2
Figure 22 Security Setting: WPA/WPA2
Table 6 Security Setting: WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Encryption Type The encryption mechanisms used for WPA/WPA2 and WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK are
the same. The only difference between the two is that WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK uses
a simple common password, instead of user-specific credentials.
Select the encryption type (TKIP or AES) for data encryption.
Refer to Section 3.2.1.3 on page 34 for more information.
Pre-Shared Key Type a pre-shared key (same as the AP or peer device) of between 8 and 63 case-
sensitive ASCII characters (including spaces and symbols) or 64 hexadecimal
characters.
Back Click Back to go to the Site Survey screen to select and connect to another
network.
Next Click Next to confirm your selections and advance to the Confirm New Settings
screen. Refer to Section 4.2.2 on page 46.
Exit Click Exit to return to the Site Survey screen without saving.
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Chapter 4 ZyXEL Utility Configuration 45
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
4.2.1.4 802.1x
Configure IEEE 802.1x security with various authentication methods in this screen.
Table 7 Security Setting: WPA/WPA2
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Encryption Type The encryption mechanisms used for WPA/WPA2 and WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK are
the same. The only difference between the two is that WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK uses
a simple common password, instead of user-specific credentials.
Select the encryption type (TKIP or AES) for data encryption.
Refer to Section 3.2.1.3 on page 34 for more information.
Authentication
Type
The type of authentication you use depends on the RADIUS server or AP.
Select an authentication method from the drop down list. Options are TLS and
PEAP.
Login Name Enter a user name.
This is the user name that you or an administrator set up on a RADIUS server.
Password This field is not available when you select TLS in the Authentication Type field.
Enter the password associated with the user name above.
Certificate This field is only available when you select TLS in the Authentication Type field.
Select a certificate used by the authentication server to authenticate the AG-320.
Note: You must first have a wired connection to a network and
obtain the certificate(s) from a certificate authority (CA).
Consult your network administrator for more information.
Validate Server
Certificate
Select the check box to check the certificate of the authentication server.
PEAP Inner EAP This field is only available when you select PEAP in the Authentication Type
field.
The PEAP method used by the RADIUS server or AP for client authentication is
MS CHAP v2.
Back Click Back to go to the Site Survey screen to select and connect to another
network.
Next Click Next to confirm your selections and advance to the Confirm New Settings
screen. Refer to Section 4.2.2 on page 46.
Exit Click Exit to return to the Site Survey screen without saving.
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Figure 23 Security Setting: 802.1x
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
4.2.2 Confirm New Settings
Use this screen to confirm and save the security settings.
Table 8 Security Setting: 802.1x
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Authentication
Type
The type of authentication you use depends on the RADIUS server or AP.
Select an authentication method from the drop down list. Options are TLS and
PEAP.
Login Name Enter a user name.
This is the user name that you or an administrator set up on a RADIUS server.
Password This field is not available when you select TLS in the Authentication Type field.
Enter the password associated with the user name above.
Certificate This field is only available when you select TLS in the Authentication Type field.
Select a certificate used by the authentication server to authenticate the AG-320.
Note: You must first have a wired connection to a network and
obtain the certificate(s) from a certificate authority (CA).
Consult your network administrator for more information.
Validate Server
Certificate
Select the check box to check the certificate of the authentication server.
PEAP Inner EAP This field is only available when you select PEAP in the Authentication Type
field.
The PEAP method used by the RADIUS server or AP for client authentication is
MS CHAP v2.
Back Click Back to go to the Site Survey screen to select and connect to another
network.
Next Click Next to confirm your selections and advance to the Confirm New Settings
screen. Refer to Section 4.2.2 on page 46.
Exit Click Exit to return to the Site Survey screen without saving.
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Chapter 4 ZyXEL Utility Configuration 47
Figure 24 Confirm New Settings
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
4.3 The Profile Screen
A profile is a set of wireless parameters that you need to connect to a wireless network. With a
profile activated, each time you start the AG-320, it automatically scans for the specific SSID
and joins that network with the pre-defined wireless security settings. If the specified network
is not available, the AG-320 cannot connect to a network.
If you do not configure and activate a profile, each time you start the AG-320, the AG-320
uses the default profile to connect to any available network with security disabled.
The default profile is a profile that allows you to connect to any SSID without security.
Click the Profile tab in the ZyXEL utility program to display the Profile screen as shown next.
The profile function allows you to save the wireless network settings in this screen, or use one
of the pre-configured network profiles.
Table 9 Confirm New Settings
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Network(SSID) This field displays the SSID previously entered.
Network Type This field displays the network type (Infrastructure or Ad-Hoc) of the wireless
device.
Security This field shows whether data encryption is activated (WEP, WPA-PSK, WPA,
WPA2, WPA2-PSK) or inactive (Disabled).
Channel This field displays the channel number used by the profile.
Back Click Back to return to the previous screen.
Save Click Save to save the changes back to the AG-320 and display the Link Info
screen.
Exit Click Exit to discard changes and return to the Site Survey screen.
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48 Chapter 4 ZyXEL Utility Configuration
Figure 25 Profile
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 10 Profile
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Profile List Click a column heading to sort the entries.
,
,
or
denotes that the wireless device is in infrastructure mode and the wireless
security is activated.
denotes that the wireless device is in infrastructure mode but the wireless
security is deactivated.
denotes that the wireless device is in Ad-Hoc mode and the wireless
security is activated.
denotes that the wireless device is in Ad-Hoc mode but the wireless
security is deactivated.
Profile Name This is the name of the pre-configured profile.
SSID This is the SSID of the wireless network to which the selected profile associate.
Connect To use and activate a previously saved network profile, select a pre-configured
profile name in the table and click Connect.
Add To add a new profile into the table, click Add.
Delete To delete an existing wireless network configuration, select a profile in the table
and click Delete.
Edit To edit an existing wireless network configuration, select a profile in the table and
click Edit.
Profile Info The following fields display detail information of the selected profile in the Profile
List table.
Network Type This field displays the network type (Infrastructure or Ad-Hoc) of the profile.
SSID This field displays the SSID (Service Set IDentifier) of the profile.
Channel This field displays the channel number used by the profile.
Security This field shows whether data encryption is activated (WEP, WPA, WPA-PSK,
WPA2, WPA2-PSK) or inactive (Disable).
Transfer Rate This field displays the transmission speed of the selected profile in megabits per
second (Mbps).
ZyXEL AG-320 User’s Guide
Chapter 4 ZyXEL Utility Configuration 49
4.3.1 Adding a New Profile
Follow the steps below to add a new profile.
1Click Add in the Profile screen. An Add New Profile screen displays as shown next.
Click Next to continue.
Figure 26 Profile: Add a New Profile
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 11 Profile: Add a New Profile
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Add New Profile
Profile Name Enter a descriptive name in this field.
SSID Select an available wireless device in the Scan Info table and click Select, or enter
the SSID of the wireless device to which you want to associate in this field
manually. Otherwise, enter Any to have the AG-320 associate to any AP or roam
between any infrastructure wireless networks.
Network Type Select Infrastructure to associate to an AP. Select Ad-Hoc to associate to a peer
computer.
Next Click Next to go to the next screen.
Exit Click Exit to go back to the previous screen without saving.
Scan Info This table displays the information of the available wireless networks within the
transmission range.
,
,
or
denotes that the wireless device is in infrastructure mode and the wireless
security is activated.
denotes that the wireless device is in infrastructure mode but the wireless
security is deactivated.
denotes that the wireless device is in Ad-Hoc mode and the wireless
security is activated.
denotes that the wireless device is in Ad-Hoc mode but the wireless security
is deactivated.
SSID This field displays the SSID (Service Set IDentifier) of each AP or peer device.
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50 Chapter 4 ZyXEL Utility Configuration
2If you select the Infrastructure network type in the previous screen, skip to step 3. If you
select the Ad-Hoc network type in the previous screen, a screen displays as follows.
Select a channel number and click Next to continue.
Note: To associate to an ad-hoc network, you must use the same channel as the peer
computer.
Figure 27 Profile: Select a Channel
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
3If you select Infrastructure network type in the first screen, select WEP, WPA-PSK,
WPA, WPA2-PSK, or WPA2 from the drop-down list box to enable data encryption. If
you select Ad-Hoc network type in the first screen, you can only use WEP encryption
method. Otherwise, select Disabled to allow the AG-320 to communicate with the access
points or other peer wireless computers without any data encryption and skip to step 5.
Scan Click Scan to search for available wireless devices within transmission range.
Select Select an available wireless device in the table and click Select to add it to this
profile.
Whenever you activate this profile, the AG-320 associates to the selected wireless
network only.
Table 12 Profile: Select a Channel
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Wireless Settings
Channel Select a channel number from the drop-down list box. To associate to an ad-hoc
network, you must use the same channel as the peer computer.
Table 11 Profile: Add a New Profile (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
ZyXEL AG-320 User’s Guide
Chapter 4 ZyXEL Utility Configuration 51
Figure 28 Profile: Security Settings
4The screen varies depending on the encryption method you select in the previous screen.
The settings must be exactly the same on the APs or other peer wireless computers as
they are on the AG-320. Refer to Section 4.2.1 on page 42 for detailed information on
wireless security configuration.
Figure 29 Profile: Security Settings
5This read-only screen shows a summary of the new profile settings. Verify that the
settings are correct. Click Save to save and go to the next screen. Click Back to return to
the previous screen. Otherwise, click Exit to go back to the Profile screen without
saving.
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52 Chapter 4 ZyXEL Utility Configuration
Figure 30 Profile: Confirm New Settings
6To use this network profile, click the Activate Now button. Otherwise, click the Activate
Later button. You can activate only one profile at a time.
Note: Once you activate a profile, the ZyXEL utility will use that profile the next time it
is started.
Figure 31 Profile: Activate the Profile
4.4 The Advanced Screen
To set the wireless LAN mode of the AG-320, click the Advanced tab.
Select Auto to have the AG-320 connect to either an IEEE 802.11a or an IEEE 802.11b/g
wireless device. If you select 802.11a, the AG-320 can connect to an IEEE 802.11a wireless
device only. If you select 802.11b+g, the AG-320 can connect to an IEEE 802.11b or g
wireless device only. Click Save to save the changes back to the AG-320.
ZyXEL AG-320 User’s Guide
Chapter 4 ZyXEL Utility Configuration 53
Figure 32 Advanced
4.5 The Adapter Screen
To set the advanced features on the AG-320, click the Adapter tab.
Figure 33 Adapter
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 13 Adapter
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Adapter Setting
Transfer Rate In most networking scenarios, the factory default Fully Auto setting is the most
efficient and allows your AG-320 to operate at the highest possible transmission
(data) rate.
If you want to select a specific transmission rate, select one that the AP or peer
wireless device supports.
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54 Chapter 4 ZyXEL Utility Configuration
Preamble Type Preamble is used to signal that data is coming to the receiver. Select the preamble
type that the AP uses.
Short Preamble increases performance as less time sending preamble means
more time for sending data. All IEEE 802.11b/g compliant wireless adapters
support Long Preamble, but not all support short preamble.
Select Auto to have the AG-320 automatically use short preamble when all access
point or wireless stations support it; otherwise the AG-320 uses long preamble.
Note: The AG-320 and the access point or wireless stations MUST
use the same preamble mode in order to communicate.
Power Saving
Mode
Select Enabled to save power (especially for notebook computers). This forces
the AG-320 to go to sleep mode when it is not transmitting data.
When you select Disabled, the AG-320 will never go to sleep mode.
OTIST (One-
Touch Intelligent
Security
Technology)
Select this check box to enable OTIST.
Setup Key Enter the same setup key (up to eight printable characters) as the ZyXEL AP or
wireless router to which you want to associate. The default OTIST setup key is
"01234567".
Note: If you change the OTIST setup key on the ZyXEL AP or
wireless router, you must also make the same change here.
Start Click Start to encrypt the wireless security data using the setup key and have the
ZyXEL AP or wireless router set your AG-320 to use the same wireless settings as
the ZyXEL AP or wireless router. You must also activate and start OTIST on the
ZyXEL AP or wireless router all within three minutes. See Section 3.3 on page 34
for more information.
Save Click Save to save the changes back to the AG-320 and return to the Link Info
screen.
Table 13 Adapter (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
ZyXEL AG-320 User’s Guide
Chapter 5 Maintenance 55
CHAPTER 5
Maintenance
This chapter describes how to uninstall or upgrade the ZyXEL utility.
5.1 The About Screen
The About screen displays driver and utility version numbers of the AG-320. To display the
screen as shown below, click the about ( ) button.
Figure 34 About
The following table describes the read-only fields in this screen.
5.2 Uninstalling the ZyXEL Utility
Follow the steps below to remove (or uninstall) the ZyXEL utility from your computer.
1Click Start, (All) Programs, ZyXEL AG-320 Utility, Uninstall ZyXEL AG-320
Software.
2When prompted, click OK or Yes to remove the driver and the utility software.
Table 14 About
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Driver Version This field displays the version number of the AG-320 driver.
Utility Version This field displays the version number of the ZyXEL utility.
ZyXEL AG-320 User’s Guide
56 Chapter 5 Maintenance
Figure 35 Uninstall: Confirm
3Click Finish to complete uninstalling the software and restart the computer when
prompted.
Figure 36 Uninstall: Finish
5.3 Upgrading the ZyXEL Utility
Note: Before you uninstall the ZyXEL utility, take note of your current wireless
configurations.
To perform the upgrade, follow the steps below.
1Download the latest version of the utility from the ZyXEL web site and save the file on
your computer.
2Follow the steps in Section 5.2 on page 55 to remove the current ZyXEL utility from your
computer.
3Restart your computer when prompted.
4Disconnect the AG-320 from your computer.
5Double-click on the setup program for the new utility to start the ZyXEL utility
installation.
6Insert the AG-320 and check the version numbers in the About screen to make sure the
new utility is installed properly.
ZyXEL AG-320 User’s Guide
Chapter 6 Troubleshooting 57
CHAPTER 6
Troubleshooting
This chapter covers potential problems and the possible remedies. After each problem
description, some instructions are provided to help you to diagnose and to solve the problem.
6.1 Problems Starting the ZyXEL Utility
6.2 Problem with the Link Quality
Table 15 Troubleshooting Starting ZyXEL Utility
PROBLEM CORRECTIVE ACTION
Cannot start the
ZyXEL Wireless
LAN utility
Make sure the AG-320 is properly inserted and the LED(s) is on. Refer to the
Quick Start Guide for the LED descriptions.
Use the Device Manager to check for possible hardware conflicts. Click Start,
Settings, Control Panel, System, Hardware and Device Manager. Verify the
status of the AG-320 under Network Adapter. (Steps may vary depending on the
version of Windows).
Install the AG-320 in another computer.
If the error persists, you may have a hardware problem. In this case, you should
contact your local vendor.
The ZyXEL utility
icon does not
display.
If you install the Funk Odyssey Client software on the computer, uninstall (remove)
both the Funk Odyssey Client software and ZyXEL utility, and then install the
ZyXEL utility again after restarting the computer.
Table 16 Troubleshooting Link Quality
PROBLEM CORRECTIVE ACTION
The link quality
and/or signal
strength is poor all
the time.
Search and connect to another AP with a better link quality using the Site Survey
screen.
Move your computer closer to the AP or the peer computer(s) within the
transmission range.
There may be too much radio interference (for example microwave or another AP
using the same channel) around your wireless network. Lower the output power of
each AP.
Make sure there are not too many wireless stations connected to a wireless
network.
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58 Chapter 6 Troubleshooting
6.3 Problems Communicating With Other Computers
Table 17 Troubleshooting Communication Problem
PROBLEM CORRECTIVE ACTION
The computer with
the AG-320
installed cannot
communicate with
the other
computer(s).
In Infrastructure Mode
• Make sure that the AP and the associated computers are turned on and
working properly.
• Make sure the AG-320 computer and the associated AP use the same SSID.
• Change the AP and the associated wireless clients to use another radio
channel if interference is high.
• Make sure that the computer and the AP share the same security option and
key. Verify the settings in the Profile Security Setting screen.
• If you are using WPA(2) or WPA(2)-PSK security, try changing your encryption
type from TKIP to AES or vice versa.
In Ad-Hoc (IBSS) Mode
• Verify that the peer computer(s) is turned on.
• Make sure the AG-320 computer and the peer computer(s) are using the same
SSID and channel.
• Make sure that the computer and the peer computer(s) share the same
security settings.
• Change the wireless clients to use another radio channel if interference is high.
ZyXEL AG-320 User’s Guide
Appendix A 59
APPENDIX A
Product Specifications
Table 18 Product Specifications
PHYSICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL
Product Name ZyXEL AG-320 802.11a/b/g Wireless PCI Adapter
Interface PCI Bus 2.2 standard
Standards IEEE 802.11a
IEEE 802.11b
IEEE 802.11g
Network Architectures Infrastructure
Ad-Hoc
Operating Frequencies IEEE 802.11a: 5.15~5.35GHz, 5.725~5.825GHz (North America and Taiwan)
5.15~5.35GHz, 5.47~5.725GHz (Europe)
IEEE 802.11b: 2.412~2.462GHz (North America and Taiwan)
2.412~2.472GHz (Europe)
IEEE 802.11g: 2.412~2.462GHz (North America and Taiwan)
2.412~2.472GHz (Europe)
Operating Channels IEEE 802.11a: 12 Channels (North America and Taiwan)
IEEE 802.11b: 11 Channels (North America and Taiwan)
IEEE 802.11g: 11 Channels (North America and Taiwan)
IEEE 802.11a: 19 Channels (Europe)
IEEE 802.11b: 13 Channels (Europe)
IEEE 802.11g: 13 Channels (Europe)
Data Rate IEEE 802.11a: 54, 48, 36, 24, 18, 12, 9, 6 Mbps
IEEE 802.11b: 11, 5.5, 2, 1Mbps
IEEE 802.11g: 54, 48, 36, 24, 18, 12, 9, 6 Mbps
Modulation IEEE 802.11a: Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM)
IEEE 802311b: PBCC, Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (CCK, DQPSK,
DBPSK).
IEEE 802.11g: Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM)
Operating Temperature 0 ~ 50 degrees Centigrade
Storage Temperature -30 ~ 60 degrees Centigrade
Operating Humidity 20 ~ 95% (non-condensing)
Storage Humidity 20 ~ 95% (non-condensing)
Voltage 3.3V DC
Weight 46g ± 1g
Dimension 135 (L) mm 121 (W) mm 21.8 (H) mm
RADIO SPECIFICATIONS
Media Access Protocol IEEE 802.11
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60 Appendix A
Output Power IEEE 802.11a: 13 dBm (typical) at 11Mbps CCK, QPSK, BPSK
IEEE 802.11b: 18 dBm (typical) at 54Mbps OFDM
IEEE 802.11g: 15 dBm (typical) at 11Mbps CCK, QPSK, BPSK
RX Sensitivity 54 Mbps (OFDM): < -70 dBm
11 Mbps (CCK): < -85 dBm
SOFTWARE SPECIFICATIONS
Device Drivers Microsoft Windows 98 Second Edition, Windows ME, Windows 2000,
Windows XP
Security 64/128/256-bit WEP
WPA
WPA-PSK
WPA2
WPA2-PSK
IEEE 802.1x
Table 18 Product Specifications (continued)
ZyXEL AG-320 User’s Guide
Appendix B 61
APPENDIX B
Management with Wireless Zero
Configuration
This appendix shows you how to manage your AG-320 using the Windows XP wireless zero
configuration tool.
Be sure you have the Windows XP service pack 2 installed on your computer. Otherwise, you
should at least have the Windows XP service pack 1 already on your computer and download
the support patch for WPA from the Microsoft web site.
Windows XP SP2 screen shots are shown unless otherwise specified. Click the help icon ( )
in most screens, move the cursor to the item that you want the information about and click to
view the help.
Activating Wireless Zero Configuration
Make sure the Use Windows to configure my wireless network settings check box is
selected in the Wireless Network Connection Properties screen. Refer to Appendix C on
page 71.
If you see the following screen, refer to article 871122 on the Microsoft web site for
information on starting WZC.
Figure 37 Windows XP SP2: WZC Not Available
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62 Appendix B
Connecting to a Wireless Network
1Double-click the network icon for wireless connections in the system tray to open the
Wireless Network Connection Status screen.
Figure 38 Windows XP SP2: System Tray Icon
The type of the wireless network icon in Windows XP SP2 indicates the status of the AG-320.
Refer to the following table for details.
2Windows XP SP2: In the Wireless Network Connection Status screen, click View
Wireless Networks to open the Wireless Network Connection screen.
Figure 39 Windows XP SP2: Wireless Network Connection Status
Table 19 Windows XP SP2: System Tray Icon
ICON DESCRIPTION
The AG-320 is connected to a wireless network.
The AG-320 is in the process of connecting to a wireless network.
The connection to a wireless network is limited because the network did not assign a
network address to the computer.
The AG-320 is not connected to a wireless network.
ZyXEL AG-320 User’s Guide
Appendix B 63
Windows XP SP1: In the Wireless Network Connection Status screen, click Properties
and the Wireless Networks tab to open the Wireless Network Connection Properties
screen.
Figure 40 Windows XP SP1: Wireless Network Connection Status
3Windows XP SP2: Click Refresh network list to reload and search for available wireless
devices within transmission range. Select a wireless network in the list and click Connect
to join the selected wireless network.
Figure 41 Windows XP SP2: Wireless Network Connection
ZyXEL AG-320 User’s Guide
64 Appendix B
The following table describes the icons in the wireless network list.
Windows XP SP1: Click Refresh to reload and search for available wireless devices
within transmission range. Select a wireless network in the Available networks list, click
Configure and set the related fields to the same security settings as the associated AP to
add the selected network into the Preferred networks table. Click OK to join the selected
wireless network. Refer to the section on security settings (discussed later) for more
information.
Figure 42 Windows XP SP1: Wireless Network Connection Properties
44.Windows XP SP2: If the wireless security is activated for the selected wireless network,
the Wireless Network Connection screen displays. You must set the related fields in the
Wireless Network Connection screen to the same security settings as the associated AP
and click Connect. Refer to the section about security settings for more information.
Otherwise click Cancel and connect to another wireless network without data encryption.
Table 20 Windows XP SP2: Wireless Network Connection
ICON DESCRIPTION
This denotes that wireless security is activated for the wireless network.
This denotes that this wireless network is your preferred network. Ordering your preferred
networks is important because the AG-320 tries to associate to the preferred network first
in the order that you specify. Refer to the section on ordering the preferred networks for
detailed information.
This denotes the signal strength of the wireless network.
Move your cursor to the icon to see details on the signal strength.
ZyXEL AG-320 User’s Guide
Appendix B 65
If there is no security activated for the selected wireless network, a warning screen
appears. Click Connect Anyway if wireless security is not your concern.
Figure 43 Windows XP SP2: Wireless Network Connection: WEP or WPA-PSK
Figure 44 Windows XP SP2: Wireless Network Connection: No Security
5Verify that you have successfully connected to the selected network and check the
connection status in the wireless network list or the connection icon in the Preferred
networks or Available networks list.
The following table describes the connection icons.
Security Settings
When you configure the AG-320 to connect to a secure network but the security settings are
not yet enabled on the AG-320, you will see different screens according to the authentication
and encryption methods used by the selected network.
Table 21 Windows XP: Wireless Networks
ICON DESCRIPTION
This denotes the wireless network is an available wireless network.
This denotes the AG-320 is associated to the wireless network.
This denotes the wireless network is not available.
ZyXEL AG-320 User’s Guide
66 Appendix B
Association
Select a network in the Preferred networks list and click Properties to view or configure
security.
Figure 45 Windows XP: Wireless (network) properties: Association
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 22 Windows XP: Wireless (network) properties: Association
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Network name
(SSID)
This field displays the SSID (Service Set IDentifier) of each wireless network.
Network
Authentication
This field automatically shows the authentication method (Share, Open, WPA or
WPA-PSK) used by the selected network.
Data Encryption This field automatically shows the encryption type (TKIP, WEP or Disable) used
by the selected network.
Network Key Enter the pre-shared key or WEP key.
The values for the keys must be set up exactly the same on all wireless devices in
the same wireless LAN.
Confirm network
key
Enter the key again for confirmation.
Key index
(advanced)
Select a default WEP key to use for data encryption.
This field is available only when the network use WEP encryption method and the
The key is provided for me automatically check box is not selected.
The key is
provided for me
automatically
If this check box is selected, the wireless AP assigns the AG-320 a key.
ZyXEL AG-320 User’s Guide
Appendix B 67
Authentication
Click the Authentication tab in the Wireless (network) properties screen to display the
screen shown next. The fields on this screen are grayed out when the network is in Ad-Hoc
mode or data encryption is disabled.
Figure 46 Windows XP: Wireless (network) properties: Authentication
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
This is a
computer-to-
computer (ad hoc)
network; wireless
access points are
not used
If this check box is selected, you are connecting to another computer directly.
OK Click OK to save your changes.
Cancel Click Cancel to leave this screen without saving any changes you may have made.
Table 22 Windows XP: Wireless (network) properties: Association (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Table 23 Windows XP: Wireless (network) properties: Authentication
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Enable IEEE
802.1x
authentication for
this network
This field displays whether the IEEE 802.1x authentication is active.
If the network authentication is set to Open in the previous screen, you can choose
to disable or enable this feature.
EAP Type Select the type of EAP authentication. Options are Protected EAP (PEAP) and
Smart Card or other Certificate.
Properties Click this button to open the properties screen and configure certificates. The
screen varies depending on what you select in the EAP type field.
ZyXEL AG-320 User’s Guide
68 Appendix B
Authentication Properties
Select an EAP authentication type in the Wireless (network) properties: Authentication
screen and click the Properties button to display the following screen.
Protected EAP Properties
Figure 47 Windows XP: Protected EAP Properties
Authenticate as
computer when
computer
information is
available
Select this check box to have the computer send its information to the network for
authentication when a user is not logged on.
Authenticate as
guest when user
or computer
information is
unavailable
Select this check box to have the computer access to the network as a guest when
a user is not logged on or computer information is not available.
OK Click OK to save your changes.
Cancel Click Cancel to leave this screen without saving any changes you may have made.
Table 23 Windows XP: Wireless (network) properties: Authentication (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
ZyXEL AG-320 User’s Guide
Appendix B 69
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Smart Card or other Certificate Properties
Figure 48 Windows XP: Smart Card or other Certificate Properties
Table 24 Windows XP: Protected EAP Properties
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Validate server
certificate
Select the check box to verify the certificate of the authentication server.
Connect to these
servers
Select the check box and specify a domain in the field below to have your
computer connect to a server which resides only within this domain.
Trusted Root
Certification
Authorities:
Select a trusted certification authority from the list below.
Note: You must first have a wired connection to a network and
obtain the certificate(s) from a certificate authority (CA).
Consult your network administrator for more information.
Do not prompt
user to authorize
new server or
trusted
certification
authorities.
Select this check box to verify a new authentication server or trusted CA without
prompting.
This field is available only if you installed the Windows XP server pack 2.
Select
Authentication
Method:
Select an authentication method from the drop-down list box and click Configure
to do settings.
Enable Fast
Reconnect
Select the check box to automatically reconnect to the network (without re-
authentication) if the wireless connection goes down.
OK Click OK to save your changes.
Cancel Click Cancel to leave this screen without saving any changes you may have made.
ZyXEL AG-320 User’s Guide
70 Appendix B
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Ordering the Preferred Networks
Follow the steps below to manage your preferred networks.
1Windows XP SP2: Click Change the order of preferred networks in the Wireless
Network Connection screen (see Figure 41 on page 63). The screen displays as shown.
Table 25 Windows XP: Smart Card or other Certificate Properties
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Use my smart card Select this check box to use the smart card for authentication.
Use a certificate
on this computer
Select this check box to use a certificate on your computer for authentication.
Validate server
certificate
Select the check box to check the certificate of the authentication server.
Connect to these
servers
Select the check box and specify a domain in the field below to have your
computer connect to a server which resides only within this domain.
Trusted Root
Certification
Authorities:
Select a trusted certification authority from the list below.
Note: You must first have a wired connection to a network and
obtain the certificate(s) from a certificate authority (CA).
Consult your network administrator for more information.
View Certificate Click this button if you want to verify the selected certificate.
Use a different
user name for the
connection:
Select the check box to use a different user name when the user name in the smart
card or certificate is not the same as the user name in the domain that you are
logged on to.
OK Click OK to save your changes.
Cancel Click Cancel to leave this screen without saving any changes you may have made.
ZyXEL AG-320 User’s Guide
Appendix B 71
Figure 49 Windows XP SP2: Wireless Networks: Preferred Networks
Windows XP SP1: In the Wireless Network Connection Status screen, click Properties
and the Wireless Networks tab to open the screen as shown.
Figure 50 Windows XP SP1: Wireless Networks: Preferred Networks
2Whenever the AG-320 tries to connect to a new network, the new network is added in the
Preferred networks table automatically. Select a network and click Move up or Move
down to change it's order, click Remove to delete it or click Properties to view the
security, authentication or connection information of the selected network. Click Add to
add a preferred network into the list manually.
ZyXEL AG-320 User’s Guide
72 Appendix B
ZyXEL AG-320 User’s Guide
Appendix C 73
APPENDIX C
Wireless Security
Types of EAP Authentication
This section discusses some popular authentication types: EAP-MD5, EAP-TLS, EAP-TTLS,
PEAP and LEAP. Your wireless LAN device may not support all authentication types.
EAP (Extensible Authentication Protocol) is an authentication protocol that runs on top of the
IEEE 802.1x transport mechanism in order to support multiple types of user authentication. By
using EAP to interact with an EAP-compatible RADIUS server, an access point helps a
wireless station and a RADIUS server perform authentication.
The type of authentication you use depends on the RADIUS server and an intermediary AP(s)
that supports IEEE 802.1x. .
For EAP-TLS authentication type, you must first have a wired connection to the network and
obtain the certificate(s) from a certificate authority (CA). A certificate (also called digital IDs)
can be used to authenticate users and a CA issues certificates and guarantees the identity of
each certificate owner.
EAP-MD5 (Message-Digest Algorithm 5)
MD5 authentication is the simplest one-way authentication method. The authentication server
sends a challenge to the wireless station. The wireless station ‘proves’ that it knows the
password by encrypting the password with the challenge and sends back the information.
Password is not sent in plain text.
However, MD5 authentication has some weaknesses. Since the authentication server needs to
get the plaintext passwords, the passwords must be stored. Thus someone other than the
authentication server may access the password file. In addition, it is possible to impersonate an
authentication server as MD5 authentication method does not perform mutual authentication.
Finally, MD5 authentication method does not support data encryption with dynamic session
key. You must configure WEP encryption keys for data encryption.
ZyXEL AG-320 User’s Guide
74 Appendix C
EAP-TLS (Transport Layer Security)
With EAP-TLS, digital certifications are needed by both the server and the wireless stations
for mutual authentication. The server presents a certificate to the client. After validating the
identity of the server, the client sends a different certificate to the server. The exchange of
certificates is done in the open before a secured tunnel is created. This makes user identity
vulnerable to passive attacks. A digital certificate is an electronic ID card that authenticates the
sender’s identity. However, to implement EAP-TLS, you need a Certificate Authority (CA) to
handle certificates, which imposes a management overhead.
EAP-TTLS (Tunneled Transport Layer Service)
EAP-TTLS is an extension of the EAP-TLS authentication that uses certificates for only the
server-side authentications to establish a secure connection. Client authentication is then done
by sending username and password through the secure connection, thus client identity is
protected. For client authentication, EAP-TTLS supports EAP methods and legacy
authentication methods such as PAP, CHAP, MS-CHAP and MS-CHAP v2.
PEAP (Protected EAP)
Like EAP-TTLS, server-side certificate authentication is used to establish a secure connection,
then use simple username and password methods through the secured connection to
authenticate the clients, thus hiding client identity. However, PEAP only supports EAP
methods, such as EAP-MD5, EAP-MSCHAPv2 and EAP-GTC (EAP-Generic Token Card),
for client authentication. EAP-GTC is implemented only by Cisco.
LEAP
LEAP (Lightweight Extensible Authentication Protocol) is a Cisco implementation of IEEE
802.1x.
Dynamic WEP Key Exchange
The AP maps a unique key that is generated with the RADIUS server. This key expires when
the wireless connection times out, disconnects or reauthentication times out. A new WEP key
is generated each time reauthentication is performed.
If this feature is enabled, it is not necessary to configure a default encryption key in the
Wireless screen. You may still configure and store keys here, but they will not be used while
Dynamic WEP is enabled.
Note: EAP-MD5 cannot be used with Dynamic WEP Key Exchange
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For added security, certificate-based authentications (EAP-TLS, EAP-TTLS and PEAP) use
dynamic keys for data encryption. They are often deployed in corporate environments, but for
public deployment, a simple user name and password pair is more practical. The following
table is a comparison of the features of authentication types.
WPA and WPA2
Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA) is a subset of the IEEE 802.11i standard. WPA2 (IEEE
802.11i) is a wireless security standard that defines stronger encryption, authentication and
key management than WPA.
Key differences between WPA(2) and WEP are improved data encryption and user
authentication.
If both an AP and the wireless clients support WPA2 and you have an external RADIUS
server, use WPA2 for stronger data encryption. If you don't have an external RADIUS server,
you should use WPA2-PSK (WPA2-Pre-Shared Key) that only requires a single (identical)
password entered into each access point, wireless gateway and wireless client. As long as the
passwords match, a wireless client will be granted access to a WLAN.
If the AP or the wireless clients do not support WPA2, just use WPA or WPA-PSK depending
on whether you have an external RADIUS server or not.
Select WEP only when the AP and/or wireless clients do not support WPA or WPA2. WEP is
less secure than WPA or WPA2.
Encryption
Both WPA and WPA2 improve data encryption by using Temporal Key Integrity Protocol
(TKIP), Message Integrity Check (MIC) and IEEE 802.1x. WPA and WPA2 use Advanced
Encryption Standard (AES) in the Counter mode with Cipher block chaining Message
authentication code Protocol (CCMP) to offer stronger encryption than TKIP.
Table 26 Comparison of EAP Authentication Types
EAP-MD5 EAP-TLS EAP-TTLS PEAP LEAP
Mutual Authentication No Yes Yes Yes Yes
Certificate – Client No Yes Optional Optional No
Certificate – Server No Yes Yes Yes No
Dynamic Key Exchange No Yes Yes Yes Yes
Credential Integrity None Strong Strong Strong Moderate
Deployment Difficulty Easy Hard Moderate Moderate Moderate
Client Identity Protection No No Yes Yes No
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TKIP uses 128-bit keys that are dynamically generated and distributed by the authentication
server. AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) is a block cipher that uses a 256-bit
mathematical algorithm called Rijndael. They both include a per-packet key mixing function,
a Message Integrity Check (MIC) named Michael, an extended initialization vector (IV) with
sequencing rules, and a re-keying mechanism.
WPA and WPA2 regularly change and rotate the encryption keys so that the same encryption
key is never used twice.
The RADIUS server distributes a Pairwise Master Key (PMK) key to the AP that then sets up
a key hierarchy and management system, using the PMK to dynamically generate unique data
encryption keys to encrypt every data packet that is wirelessly communicated between the AP
and the wireless stations. This all happens in the background automatically.
The Message Integrity Check (MIC) is designed to prevent an attacker from capturing data
packets, altering them and resending them. The MIC provides a strong mathematical function
in which the receiver and the transmitter each compute and then compare the MIC. If they do
not match, it is assumed that the data has been tampered with and the packet is dropped.
By generating unique data encryption keys for every data packet and by creating an integrity
checking mechanism (MIC), with TKIP and AES it is more difficult to decrypt data on a Wi-Fi
network than WEP and difficult for an intruder to break into the network.
The encryption mechanisms used for WPA(2) and WPA(2)-PSK are the same. The only
difference between the two is that WPA(2)-PSK uses a simple common password, instead of
user-specific credentials. The common-password approach makes WPA(2)-PSK susceptible to
brute-force password-guessing attacks but it’s still an improvement over WEP as it employs a
consistent, single, alphanumeric password to derive a PMK which is used to generate unique
temporal encryption keys. This prevent all wireless devices sharing the same encryption keys.
(a weakness of WEP)
User Authentication
WPA and WPA2 apply IEEE 802.1x and Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP) to
authenticate wireless stations using an external RADIUS database. WPA2 reduces the number
of key exchange messages from six to four (CCMP 4-way handshake) and shortens the time
required to connect to a network. Other WPA2 authentication features that are different from
WPA include key caching and pre-authentication. These two features are optional and may not
be supported in all wireless devices.
Key caching allows a wireless client to store the PMK it derived through a sucessful
authentication with an AP. The wireless client uses the PMK when it tries to connect to the
same AP and does not need to go with the authentication process again.
Pre-authentication enables fast roaming by allowing the wireless client (already connecting to
an AP) to perform IEEE 802.1x authentication with another AP before connecting to it.
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Appendix C 77
WPA(2)-PSK Application Example
A WPA(2)s-PSK application looks as follows.
1First enter identical passwords into the AP and all wireless clients. The Pre-Shared Key
(PSK) must consist of between 8 and 63 ASCII characters or 64 hexadecimal characters
(including spaces and symbols).
2The AP checks each client's password and (only) allows it to join the network if it
matches its password.
3The AP and wireless clients use the pre-shared key to generate a common PMK.
4The AP and wireless clients use the TKIP or AES encryption process to encrypt data
exchanged between them.
Figure 51 WPA-PSK Authentication
WPA(2) with RADIUS Application Example
You need the IP address of the RADIUS server, its port number (default is 1812), and the
RADIUS shared secret. A WPA(2) application example with an external RADIUS server
looks as follows. "A" is the RADIUS server. "DS" is the distribution system.
1The AP passes the wireless client's authentication request to the RADIUS server.
2The RADIUS server then checks the user's identification against its database and grants
or denies network access accordingly.
3The RADIUS server distributes a Pairwise Master Key (PMK) key to the AP that then
sets up a key hierarchy and management system, using the pair-wise key to dynamically
generate unique data encryption keys to encrypt every data packet that is wirelessly
communicated between the AP and the wireless clients.
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78 Appendix C
Figure 52 WPA(2) with RADIUS Application Example
Security Parameters Summary
Refer to this table to see what other security parameters you should configure for each
Authentication Method/ key management protocol type. MAC address filters are not
dependent on how you configure these security features.
Table 27 Wireless Security Relational Matrix
AUTHENTICATION
METHOD/ KEY
MANAGEMENT PROTOCOL
ENCRYPTION
METHOD
ENTER
MANUAL KEY IEEE 802.1X
Open None No Disable
Enable without Dynamic WEP Key
Open WEP No Enable with Dynamic WEP Key
Yes Enable without Dynamic WEP Key
Yes Disable
Shared WEP No Enable with Dynamic WEP Key
Yes Enable without Dynamic WEP Key
Yes Disable
WPA TKIP/AES No Enable
WPA-PSK TKIP/AES Yes Disable
WPA2 TKIP/AES No Enable
WPA2-PSK TKIP/AES Yes Disable
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Appendix D 79
APPENDIX D
Setting up Your Computer’s IP Address
All computers must have a 10M or 100M Ethernet adapter card and TCP/IP installed.
Windows 95/98/Me/NT/2000/XP, Macintosh OS 7 and later operating systems and all
versions of UNIX/LINUX include the software components you need to install and use TCP/
IP on your computer. Windows 3.1 requires the purchase of a third-party TCP/IP application
package.
TCP/IP should already be installed on computers using Windows NT/2000/XP, Macintosh OS
7 and later operating systems.
After the appropriate TCP/IP components are installed, configure the TCP/IP settings in order
to "communicate" with your network.
Windows 95/98/Me
Click Start, Settings, Control Panel and double-click the Network icon to open the Network
window
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Figure 53 WIndows 95/98/Me: Network: Configuration
Installing Components
The Network window Configuration tab displays a list of installed components. You need a
network adapter, the TCP/IP protocol and Client for Microsoft Networks.
If you need the adapter:
1In the Network window, click Add.
2Select Adapter and then click Add.
3Select the manufacturer and model of your network adapter and then click OK.
If you need TCP/IP:
1In the Network window, click Add.
2Select Protocol and then click Add.
3Select Microsoft from the list of manufacturers.
4Select TCP/IP from the list of network protocols and then click OK.
If you need Client for Microsoft Networks:
1Click Add.
2Select Client and then click Add.
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3Select Microsoft from the list of manufacturers.
4Select Client for Microsoft Networks from the list of network clients and then click
OK.
5Restart your computer so the changes you made take effect.
Configuring
1In the Network window Configuration tab, select your network adapter's TCP/IP entry
and click Properties
2Click the IP Address tab.
• If your IP address is dynamic, select Obtain an IP address
automatically.
• If you have a static IP address, select Specify an IP address and type
your information into the IP Address and Subnet Mask fields.
Figure 54 Windows 95/98/Me: TCP/IP Properties: IP Address
3Click the DNS Configuration tab.
• If you do not know your DNS information, select Disable DNS.
• If you know your DNS information, select Enable DNS and type the
information in the fields below (you may not need to fill them all in).
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82 Appendix D
Figure 55 Windows 95/98/Me: TCP/IP Properties: DNS Configuration
4Click the Gateway tab.
• If you do not know your gateway’s IP address, remove previously
installed gateways.
• If you have a gateway IP address, type it in the New gateway field
and click Add.
5Click OK to save and close the TCP/IP Properties window.
6Click OK to close the Network window. Insert the Windows CD if prompted.
7Restart your computer when prompted.
Verifying Settings
1Click Start and then Run.
2In the Run window, type "winipcfg" and then click OK to open the IP Configuration
window.
3Select your network adapter. You should see your computer's IP address, subnet mask
and default gateway.
Windows 2000/NT/XP
1For Windows XP, click start, Control Panel. In Windows 2000/NT, click Start,
Settings, Control Panel.
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Appendix D 83
Figure 56 Windows XP: Start Menu
2For Windows XP, click Network Connections. For Windows 2000/NT, click Network
and Dial-up Connections.
Figure 57 Windows XP: Control Panel
3Right-click Local Area Connection and then click Properties.
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Figure 58 Windows XP: Control Panel: Network Connections: Properties
4Select Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) (under the General tab in Win XP) and click
Properties.
Figure 59 Windows XP: Local Area Connection Properties
5The Internet Protocol TCP/IP Properties window opens (the General tab in Windows
XP).
• If you have a dynamic IP address click Obtain an IP address
automatically.
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Appendix D 85
• If you have a static IP address click Use the following IP Address
and fill in the IP address, Subnet mask, and Default gateway fields.
Click Advanced.
Figure 60 Windows XP: Advanced TCP/IP Settings
6If you do not know your gateway's IP address, remove any previously installed gateways
in the IP Settings tab and click OK.
Do one or more of the following if you want to configure additional IP addresses:
•In the IP Settings tab, in IP addresses, click Add.
•In TCP/IP Address, type an IP address in IP address and a subnet
mask in Subnet mask, and then click Add.
• Repeat the above two steps for each IP address you want to add.
• Configure additional default gateways in the IP Settings tab by
clicking Add in Default gateways.
•In TCP/IP Gateway Address, type the IP address of the default
gateway in Gateway. To manually configure a default metric (the
number of transmission hops), clear the Automatic metric check box
and type a metric in Metric.
• Click Add.
• Repeat the previous three steps for each default gateway you want to
add.
• Click OK when finished.
7In the Internet Protocol TCP/IP Properties window (the General tab in Windows XP):
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• Click Obtain DNS server address automatically if you do not know
your DNS server IP address(es).
• If you know your DNS server IP address(es), click Use the following
DNS server addresses, and type them in the Preferred DNS server
and Alternate DNS server fields.
If you have previously configured DNS servers, click Advanced and
then the DNS tab to order them.
Figure 61 Windows XP: Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties
8Click OK to close the Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties window.
9Click OK to close the Local Area Connection Properties window.
10Restart your computer (if prompted).
Verifying Settings
1Click Start, All Programs, Accessories and then Command Prompt.
2In the Command Prompt window, type "ipconfig" and then press [ENTER]. You can
also open Network Connections, right-click a network connection, click Status and then
click the Support tab.
Macintosh OS 8/9
1Click the Apple menu, Control Panel and double-click TCP/IP to open the TCP/IP
Control Panel.
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Figure 62 Macintosh OS 8/9: Apple Menu
2Select Ethernet built-in from the Connect via list.
Figure 63 Macintosh OS 8/9: TCP/IP
3For dynamically assigned settings, select Using DHCP Server from the Configure: list.
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4For statically assigned settings, do the following:
•From the Configure box, select Manually.
• Type your IP address in the IP Address box.
• Type your subnet mask in the Subnet mask box.
• Type the IP address of your gateway in the Router address box if
you have one.
5Close the TCP/IP Control Panel.
6Click Save if prompted, to save changes to your configuration.
7Restart your computer (if prompted).
Verifying Settings
Check your TCP/IP properties in the TCP/IP Control Panel window.
Macintosh OS X
1Click the Apple menu, and click System Preferences to open the System Preferences
window.
Figure 64 Macintosh OS X: Apple Menu
2Click Network in the icon bar.
• Select Automatic from the Location list.
• Select Built-in Ethernet from the Show list.
• Click the TCP/IP tab.
3For dynamically assigned settings, select Using DHCP from the Configure list.
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Figure 65 Macintosh OS X: Network
4For statically assigned settings, do the following:
•From the Configure box, select Manually.
• Type your IP address in the IP Address box.
• Type your subnet mask in the Subnet mask box.
• Type the IP address of your gateway in the Router address box if
you have one.
5Click Apply Now and close the window.
6Restart your computer (if prompted).
Verifying Settings
Check your TCP/IP properties in the Network window.
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ZyXEL AG-320 User’s Guide
Index 91
Index
A
about 55
about your ZyXEL AG-120 21
access point 31
access point. see also AP.
activating a profile 52
adapter 53
ad-hoc 22, 50
Advanced Encryption Standard 34, 75
advanced settings 53
AES 34
AP 21, 31
see also access point.
authentication 32
type 33
authentication method
auto 33
open system 33
shared key 33
auto authentication 33
C
CA 74
Certificate Authority 74
certifications
notices 5
viewing 5
channel 40, 41, 50, 59
communications security 32
configuration method 23
Wireless Zero Configuration (WZC) 23
connection
status 39
copyright 3
creating a new profile 49
current configuration 39
customer support 8
D
data encryption 42
data traffic statistics 40
disclaimer 3
driver version 55
dynamic WEP key exchange 74
E
EAP authentication 34
encryption 75
type 33
F
FCC 4
G
getting started 21
graphics icons key 20
H
hardware connections 23
I
IEEE 802.1x 33
Infrastructure 21
initialization vector (IV) 76
interference 57
interference statement 4
Internet 21
ZyXEL AG-320 User’s Guide
92 Index
L
LAN 21, 24
link information 39
M
Message Integrity Check (MIC) 34, 75
N
network
type 21, 39
wired 21
wireless 31
O
One-Touch Intelligent Security Technology 34
open system authentication 33
OTIST
enabling 34
introduction 34
setup key 35
starting 35
P
Pairwise Master Key (PMK) 76
passphrase 32, 43
password phrase 32
power saving mode 54
pre-shared key 34
product specifications 59
profile 39, 48
activation 52
add 49
add new 48
creating new 49
delete 48
edit 48
information 48
Q
Quick Start Guide 19, 23
R
radio interference 57
real-time data traffic statistics 40
related documentation 19
S
safety warnings 7
save power 54
scan info 50
security 32, 60
data encryption 32
Security Parameters 78
service set identity 39
setup key 35
shared key authentication 33
signal interference 57
signal strength 41
site survey 41
scan 41
security settings 42
sleep mode 54
SSID 39, 41
starting OTIST 35
statistics 40
support CD 19
syntax conventions 19
system tray 23
T
Temporal Key Integrity Protocol (TKIP) 34, 75
trademarks 3
transmission rate 39, 48, 59
transmit key 43
trend chart 40
troubleshooting 57
link status 57
network communication 58
starting the ZyXEL utility 57
ZyXEL AG-320 User’s Guide
Index 93
U
uninstalling the ZyXEL utility 55
upgrading the ZyXEL Utility 56
upgrading the ZyXEL utility
important step 56
user authentication 32, 76
type 33
V
voltage 59
W
WEP 32, 42
manual setup 33, 43
passphrase 32, 43
WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy) 32
WEP encryption 42
Wi-Fi Protected Access 34, 75
Windows XP 23, 24
wireless client 31
wireless LAN 21, 24, 31
introduction 31
security 32
wireless network 31
wireless standard 40, 59
WLAN
Security parameters 78
see wireless LAN
WPA 34, 44, 75
WPA2 34, 44, 75
WPA2-Pre-Shared Key 34, 75
WPA2-PSK 34, 44, 75
WPA-PSK 34, 44, 75
WZC (Wireless Zero Configuration) 23
Z
ZyXEL limited warranty
note 6
ZyXEL utility 21, 23
accessing 24
help 24
opening 24
system tray icon 23
upgrade 56
version 55