ZyXEL Communications MAX206M1R WiMax MIMO CPE User Manual Quick Start Guide

ZyXEL Communications Corporation WiMax MIMO CPE Quick Start Guide

Contents

User Manual 1

www.zyxel.comwww.zyxel.comMAX-206M1R SeriesCopyright © 2009ZyXEL Communications CorporationFirmware Version 3.70Edition 2, 07/2009Default Login DetailsIP Address: http://192.168.1.1User Name: adminPassword: 1234WiMAX MIMO Indoor Simple CPE
About This User's GuideUser’s Guide 3About This User's GuideThe following devices are covered in this book:All graphics and Web Configurator screens shown in this book are based on the MAX-206M1R unless otherwise noted.Intended AudienceThis manual is intended for people who want to configure the ZyXEL WiMAX Modem using the web configurator. You should have at least a basic knowledge of TCP/IP networking concepts and topology.Related Documentation•Quick Start Guide The Quick Start Guide is designed to help you get up and running right away. It contains information on setting up your network and configuring for Internet access.• Web Configurator Online HelpEmbedded web help for descriptions of individual screens and supplementary information.• Command Reference GuideThe Command Reference Guide explains how to use the Command-Line Interface (CLI) and CLI commands to configure the WiMAX Modem.Note: It is recommended you use the web configurator to configure the WiMAX Modem.• Support DiscRefer to the included CD for support documents.MODEL FEATURESMAX-206M1RMAX-216M1RMAX-236M1R1 VoIP Port1 LAN PortMAX-216M1R plus 2 External Antennas1 VoIP Port1 LAN PortMAX-216MR 1 LAN Port
About This User's GuideUser’s Guide4• ZyXEL Web SitePlease refer to www.zyxel.com for additional support documentation and product certifications.User’s Guide FeedbackHelp us help you. Send all User’s Guide-related comments, questions or suggestions for improvement to the following address, or use e-mail instead. Thank you!The Technical Writing Team,ZyXEL Communications Corp.,6 Innovation Road II,Science-Based Industrial Park, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan.E-mail: techwriters@zyxel.com.tw
Document ConventionsUser’s Guide 5Document ConventionsWarnings and NotesThese are how warnings and notes are shown in this User’s Guide. Warnings tell you about things that could harm you or your WiMAX Modem.Note: Notes tell you other important information (for example, other things you may need to configure or helpful tips) or recommendations.Syntax Conventions• The product(s) described in this book may be referred to as the “WiMAX Modem”, the “device”, the “system” or the “product” in this User’s Guide.• Product labels, screen names, field labels and field choices are all in bold font.• A key stroke is denoted by square brackets and uppercase text, for example, [ENTER] means the “enter” or “return” key on your keyboard.• “Enter” means for you to type one or more characters and then press the [ENTER] key. “Select” or “choose” means for you to use one of the predefined choices.• A right angle bracket ( > ) within a screen name denotes a mouse click. For example, TOOLS > Logs > Log Settings means you first click Tools in the navigation panel, then the Logs sub menu and finally the Log Settings tab to get to that screen.• Units of measurement may denote the “metric” value or the “scientific” value. For example, “k” for kilo may denote “1000” or “1024”, “M” for mega may denote “1000000” or “1048576” and so on.• “e.g.,” is a shorthand for “for instance”, and “i.e.,” means “that is” or “in other words”.
Document ConventionsUser’s Guide6Icons Used in FiguresFigures in this User’s Guide may use the following generic icons. The WiMAX Modem icon is not an exact representation of your WiMAX Modem.\Table 1 Common IconsWiMAX Access Point Computer Wireless SignalNotebook Server WiMAX Base StationTelephone Switch RouterInternet Cloud Internet/WiMAX Cloud
Safety WarningsUser’s Guide 7Safety WarningsFor your safety, be sure to read and follow all warning notices and instructions.• Do NOT use this product near water, for example, in a wet basement or near a swimming pool.• Do NOT expose your device to dampness, dust or corrosive liquids.• Do NOT store things on the device.• Do NOT install, use, or service this device during a thunderstorm. There is a remote risk of electric shock from lightning.• Connect ONLY suitable accessories to the device.• Do NOT open the device or unit. Opening or removing covers can expose you to dangerous high voltage points or other risks. ONLY qualified service personnel should service or disassemble this device. Please contact your vendor for further information.• Make sure to connect the cables to the correct ports.• Place connecting cables carefully so that no one will step on them or stumble over them.• Always disconnect all cables from this device before servicing or disassembling.• Use ONLY an appropriate power adaptor or cord for your device. Connect it to the right supply voltage (for example, 110V AC in North America or 230V AC in Europe).• Do NOT remove the plug and connect it to a power outlet by itself; always attach the plug to the power adaptor first before connecting it to a power outlet.• Do NOT allow anything to rest on the power adaptor or cord and do NOT place the product where anyone can walk on the power adaptor or cord.• Do NOT use the device if the power adaptor or cord is damaged as it might cause electrocution.• If the power adaptor or cord is damaged, remove it from the device and the power source.• Do NOT attempt to repair the power adaptor or cord. Contact your local vendor to order a new one.Do not use the device outside, and make sure all the connections are indoors. There is a remote risk of electric shock from lightning.• Do NOT obstruct the device ventilation slots, as insufficient airflow may harm your device.Use only No. 26 AWG (American Wire Gauge) or larger telecommunication line cord.• Antenna Warning! This device meets ETSI and FCC certification requirements when using the included antenna(s). Only use the included antenna(s).• If you wall mount your device, make sure that no electrical lines, gas or water pipes will be damaged.
Safety WarningsUser’s Guide8• Make sure that the cable system is grounded so as to provide some protection against voltage surges.Your product is marked with this symbol, which is known as the WEEE mark. WEEE stands for Waste Electronics and Electrical Equipment. It means that used electrical and electronic products should not be mixed with general waste. Used electrical and electronic equipment should be treated separately.
Contents OverviewUser’s Guide 9Contents OverviewIntroduction and Wizards ......................................................................................................29Getting Started ........................................................................................................................... 31Introducing the Web Configurator .............................................................................................. 37Internet Connection Wizard ....................................................................................................... 45VoIP Connection Wizard ............................................................................................................ 51Basic Screens ........................................................................................................................55The Setup Screens .................................................................................................................... 57Advanced Screens .................................................................................................................63The LAN Configuration Screens ................................................................................................ 65The WAN Configuration Screens ............................................................................................... 77The NAT Configuration Screens ................................................................................................ 89The System Configuration Screens ........................................................................................... 99Voice Screens .......................................................................................................................109The Service Configuration Screens ..........................................................................................111The Phone Screens ................................................................................................................. 129The Phone Book Screens ........................................................................................................ 139Tools & Status Screens .......................................................................................................145The Certificates Screens ......................................................................................................... 147The Firewall Screens ............................................................................................................... 169Content Filter ........................................................................................................................... 179The Remote Management Screens ......................................................................................... 183QoS ......................................................................................................................................... 195The Logs Screens ................................................................................................................... 199The Status Screen ................................................................................................................... 215Troubleshooting and Specifications ..................................................................................227Troubleshooting ....................................................................................................................... 229Product Specifications ............................................................................................................. 237Appendices and Index .........................................................................................................255
Contents OverviewUser’s Guide10
Table of ContentsUser’s Guide 11Table of ContentsAbout This User's Guide..........................................................................................................3Document Conventions............................................................................................................5Safety Warnings........................................................................................................................7Contents Overview ...................................................................................................................9Table of Contents....................................................................................................................11List of Figures .........................................................................................................................19List of Tables...........................................................................................................................25Part I: Introduction and Wizards........................................................... 29Chapter 1Getting Started ........................................................................................................................311.1 About Your WiMAX Modem ................................................................................................. 311.1.1 WiMAX Internet Access ............................................................................................. 321.1.2 Make Calls via Internet Telephony Service Provider .................................................. 331.2 WiMAX Modem Hardware ................................................................................................... 341.2.1 LEDs .......................................................................................................................... 341.3 Good Habits for Managing the Device ................................................................................. 36Chapter 2Introducing the Web Configurator ........................................................................................372.1 Overview .............................................................................................................................. 372.1.1 Accessing the Web Configurator ................................................................................ 372.1.2 The Reset Button ....................................................................................................... 402.2 The Main Screen ................................................................................................................. 41Chapter 3Internet Connection Wizard ...................................................................................................453.1 Overview .............................................................................................................................. 453.1.1 Welcome to the ZyXEL Setup Wizard ........................................................................ 453.1.2 System Information .................................................................................................... 463.1.3 Authentication Settings .............................................................................................. 473.1.4 IP Address .................................................................................................................. 49
Table of ContentsUser’s Guide123.1.5 Setup Complete ......................................................................................................... 50Chapter 4VoIP Connection Wizard.........................................................................................................514.1 Overview .............................................................................................................................. 514.2 Welcome to the ZyXEL Setup Wizard ................................................................................. 514.2.1 First Voice Account Settings ...................................................................................... 524.2.2 Setup Complete ......................................................................................................... 54Part II: Basic Screens ............................................................................ 55Chapter 5The Setup Screens..................................................................................................................575.1 Overview .............................................................................................................................. 575.1.1 What You Can Do in This Chapter ............................................................................. 575.1.2 What You Need to Know ............................................................................................ 575.1.3 Before You Begin ....................................................................................................... 585.2 Set IP Address ..................................................................................................................... 585.3 DHCP Client ........................................................................................................................ 595.4 Time Setting ......................................................................................................................... 605.4.1 Pre-Defined NTP Time Servers List ........................................................................... 615.4.2 Resetting the Time ..................................................................................................... 62Part III: Advanced Screens.................................................................... 63Chapter 6The LAN Configuration Screens............................................................................................656.1 Overview .............................................................................................................................. 656.1.1 What You Can Do in This Chapter ............................................................................. 656.1.2 What You Need to Know ............................................................................................ 656.2 DHCP Setup ........................................................................................................................ 666.3 Static DHCP ......................................................................................................................... 686.4 IP Static Route ..................................................................................................................... 696.4.1 IP Static Route Setup ................................................................................................. 706.5 Other Settings ...................................................................................................................... 716.6 Technical Reference ............................................................................................................ 726.6.1 IP Address and Subnet Mask ..................................................................................... 726.6.2 DHCP Setup ...............................................................................................................736.6.3 LAN TCP/IP ................................................................................................................ 736.6.4 DNS Server Address .................................................................................................. 74
Table of ContentsUser’s Guide 136.6.5 RIP Setup ................................................................................................................... 746.6.6 Multicast ..................................................................................................................... 75Chapter 7The WAN Configuration Screens...........................................................................................777.1 Overview .............................................................................................................................. 777.1.1 What You Can Do in This Chapter ............................................................................. 777.1.2 What You Need to Know ............................................................................................ 777.2 Internet Connection ............................................................................................................. 807.3 WiMAX Configuration .......................................................................................................... 827.3.1 Frequency Ranges ..................................................................................................... 847.3.2 Configuring Frequency Settings ................................................................................. 847.3.3 Using the WiMAX Frequency Screen ......................................................................... 857.4 Antenna Selection ............................................................................................................... 867.5 Advanced ............................................................................................................................. 87Chapter 8The NAT Configuration Screens............................................................................................898.1 Overview .............................................................................................................................. 898.1.1 What You Can Do in This Chapter ............................................................................. 898.2 General ................................................................................................................................ 898.3 Port Forwarding .................................................................................................................. 908.3.1 Port Forwarding Options ............................................................................................ 918.3.2 Port Forwarding Rule Setup ....................................................................................... 938.4 Trigger Port .......................................................................................................................... 948.4.1 Trigger Port Forwarding Example .............................................................................. 958.5 ALG ..................................................................................................................................... 96Chapter 9The System Configuration Screens ......................................................................................999.1 Overview .............................................................................................................................. 999.1.1 What You Can Do in This Chapter ............................................................................. 999.1.2 What You Need to Know ............................................................................................ 999.2 General ............................................................................................................................. 1019.3 Dynamic DNS .................................................................................................................... 1029.4 Firmware ............................................................................................................................ 1049.4.1 The Firmware Upload Process ................................................................................. 1059.5 Configuration ..................................................................................................................... 1069.5.1 The Restore Configuration Process ......................................................................... 1079.6 Restart ............................................................................................................................... 1079.6.1 The Restart Process ................................................................................................ 108
Table of ContentsUser’s Guide14Part IV: Voice Screens ......................................................................... 109Chapter 10The Service Configuration Screens .................................................................................... 11110.1 Overview ...........................................................................................................................11110.1.1 What You Can Do in This Chapter ..........................................................................11110.1.2 What You Need to Know .........................................................................................11110.1.3 Before you Begin .....................................................................................................11310.2 SIP Settings ......................................................................................................................11310.2.1 Advanced SIP Settings ...........................................................................................11510.3 QoS ................................................................................................................................. 12210.4 Technical Reference ........................................................................................................ 12310.4.1 SIP Call Progression .............................................................................................. 12310.4.2 SIP Client Server .................................................................................................... 12410.4.3 SIP User Agent ...................................................................................................... 12410.4.4 SIP Proxy Server .................................................................................................... 12410.4.5 SIP Redirect Server ............................................................................................... 12510.4.6 NAT and SIP .......................................................................................................... 12610.4.7 DiffServ .................................................................................................................. 12610.4.8 DSCP and Per-Hop Behavior ................................................................................. 127Chapter 11The Phone Screens...............................................................................................................12911.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................... 12911.1.1 What You Can Do in This Chapter ......................................................................... 12911.1.2 What You Need to Know ........................................................................................ 12911.2 Analog Phone .................................................................................................................. 13011.2.1 Advanced Analog Phone Setup ............................................................................. 13111.3 Common .......................................................................................................................... 13211.4 Region .............................................................................................................................. 13311.5 Technical Reference ........................................................................................................ 13411.5.1 The Flash Key ........................................................................................................ 13411.5.2 Europe Type Supplementary Phone Services ........................................................ 13411.5.3 USA Type Supplementary Services ....................................................................... 136Chapter 12The Phone Book Screens.....................................................................................................13912.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................... 13912.1.1 What You Can Do in This Chapter ......................................................................... 13912.1.2 What You Need to Know ........................................................................................ 13912.2 Incoming Call Policy ........................................................................................................ 14012.3 Speed Dial ....................................................................................................................... 142
Table of ContentsUser’s Guide 15Part V: Tools & Status Screens........................................................... 145Chapter 13The Certificates Screens......................................................................................................14713.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................... 14713.1.1 What You Can Do in This Chapter ......................................................................... 14713.1.2 What You Need to Know ........................................................................................ 14713.2 My Certificates ................................................................................................................. 14813.2.1 My Certificates Create ............................................................................................ 15013.2.2 My Certificate Edit .................................................................................................. 15413.2.3 My Certificate Import ............................................................................................ 15713.3 Trusted CAs ..................................................................................................................... 15813.3.1 Trusted CA Edit ..................................................................................................... 16013.3.2 Trusted CA Import ................................................................................................. 16313.4 Technical Reference ........................................................................................................ 16313.4.1 Certificate Authorities ............................................................................................. 16413.4.2 Verifying a Certificate ............................................................................................. 166Chapter 14The Firewall Screens ............................................................................................................16914.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................... 16914.1.1 What You Can Do in This Chapter ......................................................................... 16914.1.2 What You Need to Know ........................................................................................ 16914.2 Firewall Setting ................................................................................................................ 17014.2.1 Firewall Rule Directions ......................................................................................... 17014.2.2 Triangle Route ........................................................................................................ 17114.2.3 Firewall Setting Options ......................................................................................... 17214.3 Services ........................................................................................................................... 17314.4 Technical Reference ........................................................................................................ 17414.4.1 Stateful Inspection Firewall. ................................................................................... 17414.4.2 Guidelines For Enhancing Security With Your Firewall .......................................... 17514.4.3 The “Triangle Route” Problem ................................................................................ 175Chapter 15Content Filter.........................................................................................................................17915.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................... 17915.1.1 What You Can Do in This Chapter ......................................................................... 17915.2 Filter ................................................................................................................................. 18015.3 Schedule .......................................................................................................................... 182Chapter 16The Remote Management Screens .....................................................................................18316.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................... 183
Table of ContentsUser’s Guide1616.1.1 What You Can Do in This Chapter ......................................................................... 18316.1.2 What You Need to Know ........................................................................................ 18416.2 WWW .............................................................................................................................. 18516.3 Telnet ............................................................................................................................... 18616.4 FTP .................................................................................................................................. 18616.5 SNMP .............................................................................................................................. 18716.5.1 SNMP Traps ........................................................................................................... 18816.5.2 SNMP Options ....................................................................................................... 18916.6 DNS ................................................................................................................................. 19016.7 Security ............................................................................................................................ 19116.8 TR0-69 ............................................................................................................................. 192Chapter 17QoS.........................................................................................................................................19517.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................... 19517.2 General ............................................................................................................................ 19517.3 Class Setup ..................................................................................................................... 19617.3.1 Class Configuration ................................................................................................ 197Chapter 18The Logs Screens.................................................................................................................19918.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................... 19918.1.1 What You Can Do in This Chapter ......................................................................... 19918.1.2 What You Need to Know ........................................................................................ 19918.2 View Logs ........................................................................................................................ 20118.3 Log Settings ..................................................................................................................... 20318.4 Log Message Descriptions .............................................................................................. 205Chapter 19The Status Screen.................................................................................................................21519.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................... 21519.2 Status Screen .................................................................................................................. 21519.2.1 Packet Statistics ..................................................................................................... 21919.2.2 WiMAX Site Information ......................................................................................... 22119.2.3 DHCP Table ........................................................................................................... 22219.2.4 VoIP Statistics ........................................................................................................ 22319.2.5 WiMAX Profile ........................................................................................................ 225Part VI: Troubleshooting and Specifications .................................... 227Chapter 20Troubleshooting....................................................................................................................229
Table of ContentsUser’s Guide 1720.1 Power, Hardware Connections, and LEDs ...................................................................... 22920.2 WiMAX Modem Access and Login .................................................................................. 23020.3 Internet Access ................................................................................................................ 23220.4 Phone Calls and VoIP ......................................................................................................23420.5 Reset the WiMAX Modem to Its Factory Defaults ........................................................... 23520.5.1 Pop-up Windows, JavaScripts and Java Permissions ........................................... 235Chapter 21Product Specifications.........................................................................................................23721.1 Wall-Mounting .................................................................................................................. 25121.1.1 The Wall-Mounting Kit ............................................................................................ 25121.1.2 Instructions ............................................................................................................. 251Part VII: Appendices and Index .......................................................... 255Appendix A WiMAX Security ................................................................................................257Appendix B Setting Up Your Computer’s IP Address...........................................................261Appendix C Pop-up Windows, JavaScripts and Java Permissions......................................289Appendix D IP Addresses and Subnetting ...........................................................................299Appendix E Importing Certificates ........................................................................................ 311Appendix F SIP Passthrough ...............................................................................................343Appendix G Common Services ............................................................................................345Appendix H Legal Information ..............................................................................................349Appendix I Customer Support ..............................................................................................353Index.......................................................................................................................................361
Table of ContentsUser’s Guide18
List of FiguresUser’s Guide 19List of FiguresFigure 1 Mobile Station and Base Station ............................................................................................... 32Figure 2 WiMAX Modem’s VoIP Features - Peer-to-Peer Calls ............................................................. 33Figure 3 WiMAX Modem’s VoIP Features - Calls via VoIP Service Provider ......................................... 33Figure 4 The WiMAX Modem’s LEDs ..................................................................................................... 34Figure 5 Main Screen ............................................................................................................................. 41Figure 6 Select a Mode .......................................................................................................................... 45Figure 7 Internet Connection Wizard > System Information ................................................................... 46Figure 8 Internet Connection Wizard > Authentication Settings Screen ................................................. 47Figure 9 Internet Connection Wizard > IP Address ................................................................................ 49Figure 10 Internet Connection Wizard > Complete ................................................................................50Figure 11 Select a Mode ......................................................................................................................... 51Figure 12 VoIP Connection > First Voice Account Settings .................................................................... 52Figure 13 VoIP Connection > SIP Registration Test ............................................................................... 53Figure 14 VoIP Connection > SIP Registration Fail ................................................................................ 54Figure 15 VoIP Connection > Finish ...................................................................................................... 54Figure 16 SETUP > Set IP Address ....................................................................................................... 58Figure 17 SETUP > Set IP Address ....................................................................................................... 59Figure 18 SETUP > Time Setting ........................................................................................................... 60Figure 19 ADVANCED > LAN Configuration > DHCP Setup ................................................................. 66Figure 20 ADVANCED > LAN Configuration > Static DHCP .................................................................. 68Figure 21 Advanced> LAN Configuration > IP Static Route ................................................................... 69Figure 22 Advanced> LAN Configuration > IP Static Route Setup ......................................................... 70Figure 23 ADVANCED > LAN Configuration > Advanced ...................................................................... 71Figure 24 WiMax: Mobile Station ............................................................................................................ 78Figure 25 WiMAX: Multiple Mobile Stations ............................................................................................ 78Figure 26 Using an AAA Server ............................................................................................................. 79Figure 27 ADVANCED > WAN Configuration > Internet Connection ..................................................... 80Figure 28 ADVANCED > WAN Configuration >WiMAX Configuration ................................................ 83Figure 29 Frequency Ranges ................................................................................................................. 84Figure 30 Completing the WiMAX Frequency Screen ............................................................................ 86Figure 31 ADVANCED > WAN Configuration > Antenna Selection ........................................................ 86Figure 32 ADVANCED > WAN Configuration > Advanced ................................................................ 87Figure 33 ADVANCED > NAT Configuration > General ......................................................................... 89Figure 34 Multiple Servers Behind NAT Example ..................................................................................91Figure 35 ADVANCED > NAT Configuration > Port Forwarding ............................................................. 91Figure 36 ADVANCED > NAT Configuration > Port Forwarding > Rule Setup ....................................... 93Figure 37 ADVANCED > NAT Configuration > Trigger Port ................................................................... 94Figure 38 Trigger Port Forwarding Example ........................................................................................... 95
List of FiguresUser’s Guide20Figure 39 ADVANCED > NAT Configuration > ALG ............................................................................... 97Figure 40 ADVANCED > System Configuration > General .................................................................. 101Figure 41 ADVANCED > System Configuration > Dynamic DNS ......................................................... 103Figure 42 ADVANCED > System Configuration > Firmware ................................................................ 104Figure 43 ADVANCED > System Configuration > Configuration .......................................................... 106Figure 44 ADVANCED > System Configuration > Restart .................................................................... 107Figure 45 VOICE > Service Configuration > SIP Setting .......................................................................113Figure 46 STUN Example ......................................................................................................................115Figure 47 VOICE > Service Configuration > SIP Settings > Advanced .................................................117Figure 48 VOICE > Service Configuration > QoS ................................................................................ 122Figure 49 SIP User Agent ..................................................................................................................... 124Figure 50 SIP Proxy Server .................................................................................................................. 125Figure 51 SIP Redirect Server .............................................................................................................. 126Figure 52 DiffServ: Differentiated Service Field .................................................................................... 127Figure 53 VOICE > Phone > Analog Phone .........................................................................................130Figure 54 VOICE > Phone > Analog Phone > Advanced ..................................................................... 131Figure 55 VOICE > Phone > Common ................................................................................................. 132Figure 56 VOICE > Phone > Region .................................................................................................... 133Figure 57 VOICE > Phone Book > Incoming Call Policy ...................................................................... 140Figure 58 VOICE > Phone Book > Speed Dial ..................................................................................... 142Figure 59 TOOLS > Certificates > My Certificates ............................................................................148Figure 60 TOOLS > Certificates > My Certificates > Create ................................................................ 150Figure 61 TOOLS > Certificates > My Certificates > Edit .................................................................... 154Figure 62 TOOLS > Certificates > My Certificates > Import ................................................................. 157Figure 63 TOOLS > Certificates > Trusted CAs ...................................................................................158Figure 64 TOOLS > Certificates > Trusted CAs > Edit ...................................................................... 160Figure 65 TOOLS > Certificates > Trusted CAs > Import ..................................................................... 163Figure 66 Remote Host Certificates ..................................................................................................... 166Figure 67 Certificate Details ................................................................................................................ 167Figure 68 Firewall Rule Directions ........................................................................................................ 170Figure 69 Ideal Firewall Setup .............................................................................................................. 171Figure 70 TOOLS > Firewall > Firewall Setting .................................................................................... 172Figure 71 TOOLS > Firewall > Service Setting .................................................................................... 173Figure 72 “Triangle Route” Problem ..................................................................................................... 176Figure 73 IP Alias ................................................................................................................................. 177Figure 74 TOOLS > Content Filter > Filter ........................................................................................... 180Figure 75 TOOLS > Content Filter > Schedule ....................................................................................182Figure 76 TOOLS > Remote Management > WWW ............................................................................ 185Figure 77 TOOLS > Remote Management > Telnet ............................................................................. 186Figure 78 TOOLS > Remote Management > FTP ................................................................................ 186Figure 79 SNMP Management Model .................................................................................................. 187Figure 80 TOOLS > Remote Management > SNMP ............................................................................ 189Figure 81 TOOLS > Remote Management > DNS ............................................................................... 190
List of FiguresUser’s Guide 21Figure 82 TOOLS > Remote Management > Security ......................................................................... 191Figure 83 TR-069 Example .................................................................................................................. 192Figure 84 TOOLS > Remote Management > TR069 ............................................................................ 193Figure 85 QoS > General ..................................................................................................................... 195Figure 86 QoS > Class Setup ............................................................................................................... 196Figure 87 QoS > Class Setup > Class Configuration ........................................................................... 197Figure 88 TOOLS > Logs > View Logs ................................................................................................. 201Figure 89 TOOLS > Logs > Log Settings ............................................................................................. 203Figure 90 Status ................................................................................................................................... 215Figure 91 Packet Statistics ................................................................................................................... 219Figure 92 WiMAX Site Information ...................................................................................................... 221Figure 93 DHCP Table .......................................................................................................................... 222Figure 94 VoIP Statistics ....................................................................................................................... 223Figure 95 WiMAX Profile ..................................................................................................................... 225Figure 96 Windows XP: Start Menu ...................................................................................................... 262Figure 97 Windows XP: Control Panel ................................................................................................. 262Figure 98 Windows XP: Control Panel > Network Connections > Properties ...................................... 263Figure 99 Windows XP: Local Area Connection Properties ................................................................. 263Figure 100 Windows XP: Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties .......................................................... 264Figure 101 Windows Vista: Start Menu ................................................................................................. 265Figure 102 Windows Vista: Control Panel ............................................................................................ 265Figure 103 Windows Vista: Network And Internet ................................................................................ 265Figure 104 Windows Vista: Network and Sharing Center ..................................................................... 266Figure 105 Windows Vista: Network and Sharing Center ..................................................................... 266Figure 106 Windows Vista: Local Area Connection Properties ............................................................ 267Figure 107 Windows Vista: Internet Protocol Version 4 (TCP/IPv4) Properties ................................... 268Figure 108 Mac OS X 10.4: Apple Menu .............................................................................................. 269Figure 109 Mac OS X 10.4: System Preferences ................................................................................. 269Figure 110 Mac OS X 10.4: Network Preferences ................................................................................ 270Figure 111 Mac OS X 10.4: Network Preferences > TCP/IP Tab. ........................................................ 270Figure 112 Mac OS X 10.4: Network Preferences > Ethernet .............................................................. 271Figure 113 Mac OS X 10.4: Network Utility .......................................................................................... 272Figure 114 Mac OS X 10.5: Apple Menu .............................................................................................. 273Figure 115 Mac OS X 10.5: Systems Preferences ............................................................................... 273Figure 116 Mac OS X 10.5: Network Preferences > Ethernet .............................................................. 274Figure 117 Mac OS X 10.5: Network Preferences > Ethernet .............................................................. 275Figure 118 Mac OS X 10.5: Network Utility .......................................................................................... 276Figure 119 Ubuntu 8: System > Administration Menu .......................................................................... 277Figure 120 Ubuntu 8: Network Settings > Connections ........................................................................ 277Figure 121 Ubuntu 8: Administrator Account Authentication ................................................................ 278Figure 122 Ubuntu 8: Network Settings > Connections ........................................................................ 278Figure 123 Ubuntu 8: Network Settings > Properties ........................................................................... 279Figure 124 Ubuntu 8: Network Settings > DNS ...................................................................................280
List of FiguresUser’s Guide22Figure 125 Ubuntu 8: Network Tools .................................................................................................... 281Figure 126 openSUSE 10.3: K Menu > Computer Menu ..................................................................... 282Figure 127 openSUSE 10.3: K Menu > Computer Menu ..................................................................... 283Figure 128 openSUSE 10.3: YaST Control Center .............................................................................. 283Figure 129 openSUSE 10.3: Network Settings .................................................................................... 284Figure 130 openSUSE 10.3: Network Card Setup ............................................................................... 285Figure 131 openSUSE 10.3: Network Settings .................................................................................... 286Figure 132 openSUSE 10.3: KNetwork Manager ................................................................................. 287Figure 133 openSUSE: Connection Status - KNetwork Manager ........................................................ 287Figure 134 Pop-up Blocker ................................................................................................................... 289Figure 135 Internet Options: Privacy .................................................................................................... 290Figure 136 Internet Options: Privacy .................................................................................................... 291Figure 137 Pop-up Blocker Settings ..................................................................................................... 292Figure 138 Internet Options: Security ................................................................................................... 293Figure 139 Security Settings - Java Scripting ....................................................................................... 294Figure 140 Security Settings - Java ...................................................................................................... 295Figure 141 Java (Sun) .......................................................................................................................... 296Figure 142 Mozilla Firefox: TOOLS > Options ...................................................................................... 296Figure 143 Mozilla Firefox Content Security ......................................................................................... 297Figure 144 Network Number and Host ID ............................................................................................ 300Figure 145 Subnetting Example: Before Subnetting ............................................................................ 303Figure 146 Subnetting Example: After Subnetting ............................................................................... 304Figure 147 Conflicting Computer IP Addresses Example .................................................................... 309Figure 148 Conflicting Computer IP Addresses Example .................................................................... 309Figure 149 Conflicting Computer and Router IP Addresses Example .................................................. 310Figure 150 Internet Explorer 7: Certification Error ................................................................................ 312Figure 151 Internet Explorer 7: Certification Error ................................................................................ 312Figure 152 Internet Explorer 7: Certificate Error ................................................................................... 313Figure 153 Internet Explorer 7: Certificate ............................................................................................ 313Figure 154 Internet Explorer 7: Certificate Import Wizard .................................................................... 314Figure 155 Internet Explorer 7: Certificate Import Wizard .................................................................... 314Figure 156 Internet Explorer 7: Certificate Import Wizard .................................................................... 315Figure 157 Internet Explorer 7: Select Certificate Store .......................................................................315Figure 158 Internet Explorer 7: Certificate Import Wizard .................................................................... 316Figure 159 Internet Explorer 7: Security Warning ................................................................................. 316Figure 160 Internet Explorer 7: Certificate Import Wizard .................................................................... 317Figure 161 Internet Explorer 7: Website Identification .......................................................................... 317Figure 162 Internet Explorer 7: Public Key Certificate File ................................................................... 318Figure 163 Internet Explorer 7: Open File - Security Warning .............................................................. 318Figure 164 Internet Explorer 7: Tools Menu ......................................................................................... 319Figure 165 Internet Explorer 7: Internet Options .................................................................................. 319Figure 166 Internet Explorer 7: Certificates .......................................................................................... 320Figure 167 Internet Explorer 7: Certificates .......................................................................................... 320
List of FiguresUser’s Guide 23Figure 168 Internet Explorer 7: Root Certificate Store .......................................................................... 320Figure 169 Firefox 2: Website Certified by an Unknown Authority ....................................................... 322Figure 170 Firefox 2: Page Info ............................................................................................................ 323Figure 171 Firefox 2: Tools Menu ......................................................................................................... 324Figure 172 Firefox 2: Options ............................................................................................................... 324Figure 173 Firefox 2: Certificate Manager ........................................................................................... 325Figure 174 Firefox 2: Select File .......................................................................................................... 325Figure 175 Firefox 2: Tools Menu ......................................................................................................... 326Figure 176 Firefox 2: Options ............................................................................................................... 326Figure 177 Firefox 2: Certificate Manager ........................................................................................... 327Figure 178 Firefox 2: Delete Web Site Certificates .............................................................................. 327Figure 179 Opera 9: Certificate signer not found ................................................................................. 328Figure 180 Opera 9: Security information ............................................................................................. 329Figure 181 Opera 9: Tools Menu .......................................................................................................... 330Figure 182 Opera 9: Preferences ......................................................................................................... 331Figure 183 Opera 9: Certificate manager ............................................................................................ 332Figure 184 Opera 9: Import certificate ................................................................................................. 332Figure 185 Opera 9: Install authority certificate ................................................................................... 333Figure 186 Opera 9: Install authority certificate ................................................................................... 333Figure 187 Opera 9: Tools Menu .......................................................................................................... 334Figure 188 Opera 9: Preferences ......................................................................................................... 334Figure 189 Opera 9: Certificate manager ............................................................................................ 335Figure 190 Konqueror 3.5: Server Authentication ................................................................................336Figure 191 Konqueror 3.5: Server Authentication ................................................................................336Figure 192 Konqueror 3.5: KDE SSL Information ................................................................................ 337Figure 193 Konqueror 3.5: Public Key Certificate File ..........................................................................338Figure 194 Konqueror 3.5: Certificate Import Result ............................................................................338Figure 195 Konqueror 3.5: Kleopatra ................................................................................................... 338Figure 196 Konqueror 3.5: Settings Menu ............................................................................................ 340Figure 197 Konqueror 3.5: Configure ................................................................................................... 340
List of FiguresUser’s Guide24
List of TablesUser’s Guide 25List of TablesTable 1 Common Icons ............................................................................................................................ 6Table 2 The WiMAX Modem .................................................................................................................. 34Table 3 Main > Icons ............................................................................................................................. 41Table 4 Main .......................................................................................................................................... 42Table 5 Internet Connection Wizard > System Information ................................................................... 46Table 6 Internet Connection Wizard > Authentication Settings Screen ................................................. 47Table 7 Internet Connection Wizard > IP Address ................................................................................. 49Table 8 VoIP Connection > First Voice Account Settings ...................................................................... 52Table 9 SETUP > Set IP Address .......................................................................................................... 59Table 10 SETUP > Set IP Address ........................................................................................................ 59Table 11 SETUP > Time Setting ............................................................................................................ 60Table 12 Pre-defined NTP Time Servers ............................................................................................... 62Table 13 ADVANCED > LAN Configuration > DHCP Setup .................................................................. 67Table 14 ADVANCED > LAN Configuration > Static DHCP ................................................................... 68Table 15 Advanced> LAN Configuration > IP Static Route .................................................................... 69Table 16 Advanced> LAN Configuration > IP Static Route .................................................................... 69Table 17 Management > Static Route > IP Static Route > Edit ............................................................. 70Table 18 ADVANCED > LAN Configuration > Other Settings ................................................................ 71Table 19 ADVANCED > WAN Configuration > Internet Connection > ISP Parameters for Internet Access 80Table 20 Radio Frequency Conversion ................................................................................................. 83Table 21 ADVANCED > WAN Configuration >WiMAX Configuration .................................................... 83Table 22 DL Frequency Example Settings ............................................................................................ 85Table 23 ADVANCED > WAN Configuration > Advanced ..................................................................... 86Table 24 ADVANCED > WAN Configuration > Advanced ..................................................................... 88Table 25 ADVANCED > NAT Configuration > General .......................................................................... 90Table 26 Advanced> VPN Transport > Customer Interface ................................................................... 92Table 27 ADVANCED > NAT Configuration > Port Forwarding ............................................................. 92Table 28 ADVANCED > NAT Configuration > Port Forwarding > Rule Setup ....................................... 93Table 29 ADVANCED > NAT Configuration > Trigger Port .................................................................... 94Table 30 ADVANCED > NAT Configuration > ALG ................................................................................ 97Table 31 ADVANCED > System Configuration > General ................................................................... 101Table 32 ADVANCED > System Configuration > Dynamic DNS ......................................................... 103Table 33 ADVANCED > System Configuration > Firmware ................................................................. 105Table 34 ADVANCED > System Configuration > Configuration .......................................................... 106Table 35 ADVANCED > System Configuration > Firmware ................................................................. 107Table 36 VOICE > Service Configuration > SIP Setting .......................................................................114Table 37 VOICE > Service Configuration > SIP Settings > Advanced .................................................117
List of TablesUser’s Guide26Table 38 Custom Tones Details ........................................................................................................... 120Table 39 VOICE > Service Configuration > QoS ................................................................................. 122Table 40 SIP Call Progression ............................................................................................................. 123Table 41 VOICE > Phone > Analog Phone .......................................................................................... 131Table 42 VOICE > Phone > Analog Phone > Advanced ...................................................................... 132Table 43 VOICE > Phone > Common .................................................................................................. 133Table 44 VOICE > Phone > Region ..................................................................................................... 133Table 45 European Type Flash Key Commands ................................................................................. 134Table 46 USA Type Flash Key Commands ......................................................................................... 136Table 47 VOICE > Phone Book > Incoming Call Policy ....................................................................... 140Table 48 Advanced> LAN Configuration > IP Static Route .................................................................. 142Table 49 VOICE > Phone Book > Speed Dial ......................................................................................143Table 50 TOOLS > Certificates > My Certificates ................................................................................ 148Table 51 TOOLS > Certificates > My Certificates ................................................................................ 148Table 52 TOOLS > Certificates > My Certificates > Create ................................................................. 151Table 53 TOOLS > Certificates > My Certificates > Edit ...................................................................... 154Table 54 TOOLS > Certificates > My Certificates > Import .................................................................. 157Table 55 TOOLS > Certificates > Trusted CAs .................................................................................... 158Table 56 TOOLS > Certificates > Trusted CAs .................................................................................... 158Table 57 TOOLS > Certificates > Trusted CAs > Edit .......................................................................... 160Table 58 TOOLS > Certificates > Trusted CAs Import ......................................................................... 163Table 59 TOOLS > Firewall > Firewall Setting ..................................................................................... 172Table 60 TOOLS > Firewall > Service Setting ..................................................................................... 173Table 61 TOOLS > Content Filter > Filter ............................................................................................ 181Table 62 TOOLS > Content Filter > Schedule ..................................................................................... 182Table 63 Remote Management ........................................................................................................... 183Table 64 TOOLS > Remote Management > WWW ............................................................................. 185Table 65 TOOLS > Remote Management > Telnet ............................................................................. 186Table 66 TOOLS > Remote Management > FTP ................................................................................ 187Table 67 SNMP Traps .......................................................................................................................... 188Table 68 TOOLS > Remote Management > SNMP ............................................................................. 189Table 69 TOOLS > Remote Management > DNS ............................................................................... 190Table 70 TOOLS > Remote Management > Security .......................................................................... 191Table 71 TOOLS > Remote Management > TR069 ............................................................................ 193Table 72 TOOLS > Remote Management > Security .......................................................................... 195Table 73 QoS Class Setup .................................................................................................................. 196Table 74 QoS Class Setup .................................................................................................................. 197Table 75 Syslog Logs .......................................................................................................................... 200Table 76 RFC-2408 ISAKMP Payload Types ...................................................................................... 200Table 77 TOOLS > Logs > View Logs ................................................................................................. 201Table 78 TOOLS > Logs > Log Settings .............................................................................................. 204Table 79 System Error Logs ................................................................................................................ 205Table 80 System Maintenance Logs .................................................................................................... 205
List of TablesUser’s Guide 27Table 81 Access Control Logs ............................................................................................................. 206Table 82 TCP Reset Logs .................................................................................................................... 207Table 83 Packet Filter Logs ................................................................................................................. 207Table 84 ICMP Logs ............................................................................................................................ 208Table 85 PPP Logs .............................................................................................................................. 208Table 86 UPnP Logs ............................................................................................................................ 208Table 87 Content Filtering Logs ........................................................................................................... 209Table 88 Attack Logs ........................................................................................................................... 209Table 89 Remote Management Logs ................................................................................................... 210Table 90 ICMP Notes ............................................................................................................................211Table 91 SIP Logs ............................................................................................................................... 212Table 92 RTP Logs .............................................................................................................................. 212Table 93 FSM Logs: Caller Side .......................................................................................................... 213Table 94 FSM Logs: Callee Side ......................................................................................................... 213Table 95 Lifeline Logs .......................................................................................................................... 213Table 96 Status .................................................................................................................................... 216Table 97 Packet Statistics .................................................................................................................... 220Table 98 WiMAX Site Information ........................................................................................................ 221Table 99 DHCP Table .......................................................................................................................... 222Table 100 VoIP Statistics ..................................................................................................................... 223Table 101 The WiMAX Profile Screen ................................................................................................. 225Table 102 Environmental and Hardware Specifications ...................................................................... 237Table 103 Radio Specifications ............................................................................................................ 238Table 104 Firmware Specifications ...................................................................................................... 238Table 105 Standards Supported .......................................................................................................... 240Table 106 Voice Features .................................................................................................................... 241Table 107 Star (*) and Pound (#) Code Support .................................................................................. 243Table 108 Environmental and Hardware Specifications ...................................................................... 243Table 109 Radio Specifications ............................................................................................................ 244Table 110 Firmware Specifications ...................................................................................................... 245Table 111 Standards Supported ........................................................................................................... 246Table 112 Voice Features .................................................................................................................... 248Table 113 Star (*) and Pound (#) Code Support .................................................................................. 249Table 114 IP Address Network Number and Host ID Example ............................................................ 300Table 115 Subnet Masks ..................................................................................................................... 301Table 116 Maximum Host Numbers ..................................................................................................... 301Table 117 Alternative Subnet Mask Notation ....................................................................................... 302Table 118 Subnet 1 .............................................................................................................................. 305Table 119 Subnet 2 .............................................................................................................................. 305Table 120 Subnet 3 .............................................................................................................................. 305Table 121 Subnet 4 .............................................................................................................................. 305Table 122 Eight Subnets ...................................................................................................................... 306Table 123 24-bit Network Number Subnet Planning ............................................................................ 306
List of TablesUser’s Guide28Table 124 16-bit Network Number Subnet Planning ............................................................................ 307Table 125 Commonly Used Services ................................................................................................... 345
29PART IIntroduction and WizardsGetting Started (31)Introducing the Web Configurator (37)Internet Connection Wizard (45)VoIP Connection Wizard (51)
30
User’s Guide 31CHAPTER 1 Getting StartedThe following devices are covered in this book:All graphics and Web Configurator screens shown in this book are based on the MAX-206M1R unless otherwise noted.1.1 About Your WiMAX Modem The WiMAX Modem has a built-in switch and one phone port. It allows you to access the Internet by connecting to a WiMAX wireless network. You can use a traditional analog telephone to make Internet calls using the WiMAX Modem’s Voice over IP (VoIP) communication capabilities. You can configure firewall and content filtering as well as a host of other features. The web browser-based Graphical User Interface (GUI), also known as the web configurator, provides easy management.See Chapter 21 on page 237 for a complete list of features for your model.MODEL FEATURESMAX-206M1RMAX-216M1RMAX-236M1R1 VoIP Port1 LAN PortMAX-216M1R plus 2 External Antennas1 VoIP Port1 LAN PortMAX-216MR 1 LAN Port
Chapter 1 Getting StartedUser’s Guide321.1.1 WiMAX Internet AccessConnect your computer or network to the WiMAX Modem for WiMAX Internet access. See the Quick Start Guide for instructions on hardware connection.In a wireless metropolitan area network (MAN), the WiMAX Modem connects to a WiMAX base station (BS) for Internet access. The following diagram shows a notebook computer equipped with the WiMAX Modem connecting to the Internet through a WiMAX base station (marked BS).Figure 1 Mobile Station and Base StationWhen the firewall is on, all incoming traffic from the Internet to your network is blocked unless it is initiated from your network. Use content filtering to block access to web sites with URLs containing keywords that you specify. You can define time periods and days during which content filtering is enabled and include or exclude particular computers on your network from content filtering. For example, you could block access to certain web sites for the kids.
Chapter 1 Getting StartedUser’s Guide 331.1.2 Make Calls via Internet Telephony Service ProviderIn a home or small office environment, you can use the WiMAX Modem to make and receive the following types of VoIP telephone calls:• Peer-to-Peer calls - Use the WiMAX Modem to make a call directly to the recipient’s IP address without using a SIP proxy server.Figure 2 WiMAX Modem’s VoIP Features - Peer-to-Peer Calls• Calls via a VoIP service provider - The WiMAX Modem sends your call to a VoIP service provider’s SIP server which forwards your calls to either VoIP or PSTN phones.Figure 3 WiMAX Modem’s VoIP Features - Calls via VoIP Service Provider
Chapter 1 Getting StartedUser’s Guide341.2 WiMAX Modem HardwareFollow the instructions in the Quick Start Guide to make hardware connections.1.2.1 LEDsThe following figure shows the LEDs (lights) on the WiMAX Modem.Figure 4 The WiMAX Modem’s LEDsThe following table describes your WiMAX Modem’s LEDs (from right to left). Table 2 The WiMAX ModemLED STATE DESCRIPTIONPower Off The WiMAX Modem is not receiving power.Red The WiMAX Modem is receiving power but has been unable to start up correctly or is not receiving enough power. See the Troubleshooting section for more information.Green The WiMAX Modem is receiving power and functioning correctly.STRENGTH INDICATORSPOWERWIMAX LINKVOICE
Chapter 1 Getting StartedUser’s Guide 35LAN Off The LAN is not connected.Green The WiMAX Modem has a successful Local Area Network (Ethernet) connection and is active during modem activity.Voice Off No SIP account is registered, or the WiMAX Modem is not receiving power.Green A SIP account is registered.Green (Blinking) A SIP account is registered, and the phone attached to the LINE port is in use (off the hook).Yellow A SIP account is registered and has a voice message on the SIP server.Yellow (Blinking) A SIP account is registered and has a voice message on the SIP server, and the phone attached to the LINE port is in use (off the hook).WiMAN Link Off The WiMAX Modem is not connected to a wireless (WiMAX) network.Green The WiMAX Modem is successfully connected to a wireless (WiMAX) network.Green (Blinking Slowly) The WiMAX Modem is searching for a wireless (WiMAX) network.Green (Blinking Quickly) The WiMAX Modem has found a wireless (WiMAX) network and is connecting.Strength Indicator The Strength Indicator LEDs display the Received Signal Strength Indication (RSSI) of the wireless (WiMAX) connection. 3 Signal LEDs The signal strength is greater than or equal to -70 dBm2 Signal LEDs The signal strength is between -70 and -80 dBm1 Signal LED The signal strength is between -80 and -90 dBm0 Signal LEDs The signal strength is les than -90 dBm.Table 2 The WiMAX ModemLED STATE DESCRIPTION
Chapter 1 Getting StartedUser’s Guide361.3 Good Habits for Managing the DeviceDo the following things regularly to make the WiMAX Modem more secure and to manage the WiMAX Modem more effectively.• Change the password. Use a password that’s not easy to guess and that consists of different types of characters, such as numbers and letters.• Write down the password and put it in a safe place.• Back up the configuration (and make sure you know how to restore it). Restoring an earlier working configuration may be useful if the WiMAX Modem becomes unstable or even crashes. If you forget your password, you will have to reset the WiMAX Modem to its factory default settings. If you backed up an earlier configuration file, you would not have to totally re-configure the WiMAX Modem. You could simply restore your last configuration.
User’s Guide 37CHAPTER 2 Introducing the WebConfigurator2.1 OverviewThe web configurator is an HTML-based management interface that allows easy device set up and management via any web browser that supports: HTML 4.0, CSS 2.0, and JavaScript 1.5, and higher. The recommended screen resolution for using the web configurator is 1024 by 768 pixels and 16-bit color, or higher.In order to use the web configurator you need to allow:• Web browser pop-up windows from your device. Web pop-up blocking is enabled by default in many operating systems and web browsers.• JavaScript (enabled by default in most web browsers).• Java permissions (enabled by default in most web browsers).See the Appendix C on page 289 for more information on configuring your web browser.2.1.1 Accessing the Web Configurator1Make sure your WiMAX Modem hardware is properly connected (refer to the Quick Start Guide for more information).2Launch your web browser.3Enter "192.168.1.1" as the URL.
Chapter 2 Introducing the Web ConfiguratorUser’s Guide384A password screen displays. The default password (“1234”) displays in non-readable characters. If you haven’t changed the password yet, you can just click Login. Click Cancel to revert to the default password in the password field. If you have changed the password, enter your password and click Login. 5The following screen displays if you have not yet changed your password. It is highly recommended you change the default password. Enter a new password, retype it to confirm and click Apply; alternatively click Ignore to proceed to the main menu if you do not want to change the password now.
Chapter 2 Introducing the Web ConfiguratorUser’s Guide 396Click Apply in the next screen to create a certificate using your WiMAX Modem’s MAC address that will be specific to this device. This certificate is used for authentication when using a secure HTTPS connection over the Internet. 7A screen displays to let you choose to go to the Wizard or the Advanced screens.•Click Go to Wizard setup if you are logging in for the first time or if you want to make basic changes. The wizard selection screen appears after you click Apply. See Chapter 3 on page 45 for more information.•Click Go to Advanced setup if you want to configure features that are not available in the wizards. The main screen appears after you click Apply. See Section 3 on page 40 for more information.•Click Exit if you want to log out. Note: For security reasons, the WiMAX Modem automatically logs you out if you do not use the Web Configurator for five minutes. If this happens, log in again.
Chapter 2 Introducing the Web ConfiguratorUser’s Guide402.1.2 The Reset ButtonIf you forget your password or cannot access the web configurator, you will need to use the Reset button to reload the factory-default configuration file. This means that you will lose all configurations that you had previously and the password will be reset to “1234”.2.1.2.1 Using The Reset Button1Make sure the Power light is on (not blinking).2To set the device back to the factory default settings, press the Reset button for ten seconds or until the Power light begins to blink and then release it. When the Power light begins to blink, the defaults have been restored and the device restarts. 3Reconfigure the WiMAX Modem following the steps in your Quick Start Guide.
Chapter 2 Introducing the Web ConfiguratorUser’s Guide 412.2 The Main ScreenWhen you first log into the web configurator and by-pass the wizard, the Main screen appears. Here you can view a summary of your WiMAX Modem connection status. This is also the default “home” page for the ZyXEL web configurator and it contains conveniently-placed shortcuts to all of the other screens.Note: Some features in the web configurator may not be available depending on your firmware version and/or configuration.Figure 5 Main ScreenThe following table describes the icons in this screen.Table 3 Main > IconsICON DESCRIPTIONMAINClick to return to the Main screen.SETUPClick to go the Setup screen, where you can configure LAN, DHCP and WAN settings.ADVANCEDClick to go to the Advanced screen, where you can configure features like Port Forwarding and Triggering, SNTP and so on.
Chapter 2 Introducing the Web ConfiguratorUser’s Guide42The following table describes the labels in this screen. VOICEClick to go to the Voice screen, where you can configure your voice service and phone settings.TOOLSClick to go the Tools screen, where you can configure your firewall, QoS, and content filter, among other things.STATUSClick to go to the Status screen, where you can view status and statistical information for all connections and interfaces.Strength IndicatorDisplays a visual representation of the quality of your WiMAX connection.• Disconnected - Zero bars•Poor reception - One bar•Good reception - Two bars•Excellent reception - Three barsTable 4 MainLABEL DESCRIPTIONHelp Click to open the web configurator’s online help.Wizard Click to run the Internet Connection and VoIP Connection Setup Wizard. All of the settings that you can configure in this wizard are also available in these web configurator screens.Logout Click to log out of the web configurator.Note: This does not log you off the WiMAX network, it simply logs you out of the WiMAX Modem’s browser-based configuration interface.WiMAX Connection Status This field indicates the current status of your WiMAX connection.Status messages are as follows:•Connected - Indicates that the WiMAX Modem is connected to the WiMAX network. Use the Strength Indicator icon to determine the quality of your network connection.•Disconnected - Indicates that the WiMAX Modem is not connected to the WiMAX network.•DL_SYN - Indicates a download synchronization is in progress. This means the firmware is checking with the server for any updates or settings alterations.Table 3 Main > Icons (continued)ICON DESCRIPTION
Chapter 2 Introducing the Web ConfiguratorUser’s Guide 43Software Version This field indicates the version number of the WiMAX Modem’s firmware. The version number takes the form of: Version(Build),release status (candidate) | Version Release Date.For example: V3.60(BCC.0)c4 | 07/08/2008 indicates that the firmware is 3.60, build BCC.0, candidate4, released on July 08, 2008.Version Date This field indicates the exact date and time the current firmware was compiled.System Uptime This field indicates how long the WiMAX Modem has been on. This resets every time you shut the device down or restart it.WiMAX Uptime This field indicates how long the WiMAX Modem has been connected to the WiMAX network. This resets every time you disconnect from the WiMAX network, shut the device down, or restart it.Voice 1 This field indicates the number and receiver status of the first voice account.Table 4 Main (continued)LABEL DESCRIPTION
Chapter 2 Introducing the Web ConfiguratorUser’s Guide44
User’s Guide 45CHAPTER 3 Internet Connection Wizard3.1 OverviewThis chapter provides information on the ZyXEL Setup Wizard screens. The wizard guides you through several steps where you can configure your Internet and VoIP settings.3.1.1 Welcome to the ZyXEL Setup WizardThis is the welcome screen for the ZyXEL Setup Wizard. You can choose to either configure your Internet connection or your VoIP connection.The Internet Connection Wizard screens are described in detail in the following sections.Figure 6 Select a Mode
Chapter 3 Internet Connection WizardUser’s Guide463.1.2 System InformationThis Internet Connection Wizard screen allows you to configure your WiMAX Modem’s system information. The settings here correspond to the ADVANCED > System Configuration > General screen (see Section 9.2 on page 101 for more).Figure 7 Internet Connection Wizard > System InformationThe following table describes the labels in this screen.Table 5 Internet Connection Wizard > System InformationLABEL DESCRIPTIONSystem Name System Name is a unique name to identify the WiMAX Modem in an Ethernet network. Enter a descriptive name. This name can be up to 30 alphanumeric characters long. Spaces are not allowed, but dashes "-" and underscores "_" are accepted. Domain Name Type the domain name (if you know it) here. If you leave this field blank, the ISP may assign a domain name via DHCP. The domain name entered by you is given priority over the ISP assigned domain name.Back Click to display the previous screen.Next Click to proceed to the next screen. Exit Click to close the wizard without saving.
Chapter 3 Internet Connection WizardUser’s Guide 473.1.3 Authentication SettingsThis Internet Connection Wizard screen allows you to configure your Internet access settings. The settings here correspond to the ADVANCED > WAN Configuration > Internet Connection screen (see Section 7.2 on page 80 for more information).Figure 8 Internet Connection Wizard > Authentication Settings ScreenThe following table describes the labels in this screen.Table 6 Internet Connection Wizard > Authentication Settings ScreenLABEL DESCRIPTIONAuthenticationUser Name Use this field to enter the username associated with your Internet access account. You can enter up to 61 printable ASCII characters.Password Use this field to enter the password associated with your Internet access account. You can enter up to 47 printable ASCII characters.Anonymous Identity Enter the anonymous identity provided by your Internet Service Provider. Anonymous identity (also known as outer identity) is used with EAP-TTLS encryption. The anonymous identity is used to route your authentication request to the correct authentication server, and does not reveal your real user name. Your real user name and password are encrypted in the TLS tunnel, and only the anonymous identity can be seen.Leave this field blank if your ISP did not give you an anonymous identity to use.
Chapter 3 Internet Connection WizardUser’s Guide48PKM This field displays the Privacy Key Management version number. PKM provides security between the WiMAX Modem and the base station. At the time of writing, the WiMAX Modem supports PKMv2 only. See the WiMAX security appendix for more information.Authentication This field displays the user authentication method. Authentication is the process of confirming the identity of a mobile station (by means of a username and password, for example).Check with your service provider if you are unsure of the correct setting for your account. Choose from the following user authentication methods:•TTLS (Tunnelled Transport Layer Security)•TLS (Transport Layer Security)Note: Not all WiMAX Modems support TLS authentication. Check with your service provider for details.TTLS Inner EAP This field displays the type of secondary authentication method. Once a secure EAP-TTLS connection is established, the inner EAP is the protocol used to exchange security information between the mobile station, the base station and the AAA server to authenticate the mobile station. See the WiMAX security appendix for more details. The WiMAX Modem supports the following inner authentication types:•CHAP (Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol)•MSCHAP (Microsoft CHAP)•MSCHAPV2 (Microsoft CHAP version 2)•PAP (Password Authentication Protocol)Certificate This is the security certificate the WiMAX Modem uses to authenticate the AAA server. Use the TOOLS > Certificates > Trusted CA screen to import certificates to the WiMAX Modem.Back Click to display the previous screen.Next Click to proceed to the next screen.Exit Click to close the wizard without saving.Table 6 Internet Connection Wizard > Authentication Settings Screen (continued)LABEL DESCRIPTION
Chapter 3 Internet Connection WizardUser’s Guide 493.1.4 IP AddressThis Internet Connection Wizard screen allows you to configure your IP address. The settings here correspond to the SETUP > Set IP Address screen (see Section 5.2 on page 58).A fixed IP address is a static IP that your ISP gives you. An automatic (dynamic) IP address is not fixed; the ISP assigns you a different one each time you connect to the Internet.Figure 9 Internet Connection Wizard > IP AddressThe following table describes the labels in this screen.Table 7 Internet Connection Wizard > IP AddressLABEL DESCRIPTIONIP AddressMy computer or device gets its IP address automatically from the network (Default)Select this if you have a dynamic IP address. A dynamic IP address is not fixed; the ISP assigns you a different one each time you connect to the Internet.Use Fixed IP Address A static IP address is a fixed IP that your ISP gives you.Back Click to display the previous screen.Next Click to proceed to the next screen.Exit Click to close the wizard screen without saving.
Chapter 3 Internet Connection WizardUser’s Guide503.1.5 Setup CompleteClick Close to complete and save the Internet Connection Wizard settings.Figure 10 Internet Connection Wizard > CompleteLaunch your web browser and navigate to www.zyxel.com. If everything was configured properly, the web page should display. You can now surf the Internet!Refer to the rest of this guide for more detailed information on the complete range of WiMAX Modem features available in the more advanced web configurator. Note: If you cannot access the Internet, open the web configurator again to confirm that the Internet settings you configured in the wizard setup are correct.
User’s Guide 51CHAPTER 4 VoIP Connection Wizard4.1 OverviewThis chapter shows you how to use the wizard to set up your voice account(s).The WiMAX Modem has Voice over IP (VoIP) communication capabilities that allow you to use a traditional analog telephone to make Internet calls. You can configure the WiMAX Modem to use up to two SIP based VoIP accounts.4.2 Welcome to the ZyXEL Setup WizardThis is the welcome screen for the ZyXEL Setup Wizard. You can choose to either configure your Internet connection or your VoIP connection.The VoIP Connection Wizard screens are described in detail in the following sections.Figure 11 Select a Mode
Chapter 4 VoIP Connection WizardUser’s Guide524.2.1 First Voice Account SettingsThis VoIP Connection Wizard screen allows you to configure your voice account. The settings here correspond to the VOICE > Service Configuration > SIP Setting screen (see Section 10.2 on page 113 for more information).Figure 12 VoIP Connection > First Voice Account SettingsThe following table describes the labels in this screenTable 8 VoIP Connection > First Voice Account SettingsLABEL DESCRIPTIONSIP Number Enter your SIP number in this field (use the number or text that comes before the @ symbol in a SIP account like 1234@VoIP-provider.com). You can use up to 127 ASCII characters.SIP Server Address Type the IP address or domain name of the SIP server in this field. It doesn’t matter whether the SIP server is a proxy, redirect or register server. You can use up to 95 ASCII characters.SIP Service Domain Enter the SIP service domain name in this field (the domain name that comes after the @ symbol in a SIP account like 1234@VoIP-provider.com). You can use up to 127 ASCII Extended set characters.User Name This is the user name for registering this SIP account with the SIP register server. Type the user name exactly as it was given to you. You can use up to 95 ASCII characters.Password Type the password associated with the user name above. You can use up to 95 ASCII Extended set characters.
Chapter 4 VoIP Connection WizardUser’s Guide 53After you enter your voice account settings and click Next, the WiMAX Modem attempts to register your SIP account with the SIP server.Figure 13 VoIP Connection > SIP Registration TestThis screen displays if SIP account registration fails. Check your WiMAX connection using the WiMAX Link and Strength Indicator LEDs on the front of the WiMAX Modem, then wait a few seconds and click Register Again. If your Check here to set up SIP2 settings. This screen configures SIP account 1. Select the check box if you have a second SIP account that you want to use. You will need to configure the same fields for the second SIP account.Back Click to return to the previous screen.Apply Click to complete the wizard setup and save your configuration.Exit Click to close the wizard without saving your settings.Table 8 VoIP Connection > First Voice Account Settings (continued)LABEL DESCRIPTION
Chapter 4 VoIP Connection WizardUser’s Guide54Internet connection was already working, you can click Back and try re-entering your SIP account settings. Figure 14 VoIP Connection > SIP Registration Fail4.2.2 Setup CompleteClick Close to complete and save the VoIP Connection settings.Figure 15 VoIP Connection > Finish This screen displays if your SIP account registration was successful.
55PART IIBasic ScreensThe Main Screen (41)The Setup Screens (57)
56
User’s Guide 57CHAPTER 5 The Setup Screens5.1 OverviewUse these screens to configure or view LAN, DHCP Client and WAN settings.5.1.1 What You Can Do in This Chapter•The Set IP Address screen (Section 5.2 on page 58) lets you configure the WiMAX Modem’s IP address and subnet mask.•The DHCP Client screen (Section 5.3 on page 59) to view connection information for clients configured by the WiMAX Modem’s internal DHCP server.•The Time Setting screen (Section 5.4 on page 60) lets you configure your WiMAX Modem’s time and date keeping settings.5.1.2 What You Need to KnowThe following terms and concepts may help as you read through this chapter.LANA Local Area Network, or a shared communication system to which many computers are attached. A LAN, as its name implies, is limited to a local area such as a home or office environment. LANs have different topologies, the most common being the linear bus and the star configuration.IP AddressIP addresses identify individual devices on a network. Every networking device (including computers, servers, routers, printers, etc.) needs an IP address to communicate across the network. These networking devices are also known as hosts.Subnet MaskThe subnet mask specifies the network number portion of an IP address. Your device will compute the subnet mask automatically based on the IP Address that
Chapter 5 The Setup ScreensUser’s Guide58you entered. You do not need to change the computer subnet mask unless you are instructed to do so.DaytimeA network protocol used by devices for debugging and time measurement. A computer can use this protocol to set its internal clock but only if it knows in which order the year, month, and day are returned by the server. Not all servers use the same format.TimeA network protocol for retrieving the current time from a server. The computer issuing the command compares the time on its clock to the information returned by the server, adjusts itself automatically for time zone differences, then calculates the difference and corrects itself if there has been any temporal drift.NTPNTP stands for Network Time Protocol. It is employed by devices connected to the Internet in order to obtain a precise time setting from an official time server. These time servers are accurate to within 200 microseconds.5.1.3 Before You Begin• Make sure that you have made all the appropriate hardware connections to the WiMAX Modem, as described in the Quick Start Guide.• Make sure that you have logged in to the web configurator at least one time and changed your password from the default, as described in the Quick Start Guide.5.2 Set IP AddressClick the SETUP icon in the navigation bar to set up the WiMAX Modem’s IP address and subnet mask. This screen displays this screen by default. If you are in any other sub-screen you can simply choose Set IP Address from the navigation menu on the left to open it again.Figure 16 SETUP > Set IP Address
Chapter 5 The Setup ScreensUser’s Guide 59The following table describes the labels in this screen. 5.3 DHCP ClientClick the SETUP > DHCP Client to view connection information for all clients that have been configured by the WiMAX Modem’s internal DHCP server.Figure 17 SETUP > Set IP AddressThe following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 9 SETUP > Set IP AddressLABEL DESCRIPTIONIP Address Enter the IP address of the WiMAX Modem on the LAN.Note: This field is the IP address you use to access the WiMAX Modem on the LAN. If the web configurator is running on a computer on the LAN, you lose access to it as soon as you change this field and click Apply. You can access the web configurator again by typing the new IP address in the browser.IP Subnet Mask Enter the subnet mask of the LAN.Apply Click to save your changes.Reset Click to restore your previously saved settings.Table 10 SETUP > Set IP AddressLABEL DESCRIPTION# This indicates the number of the item in this list.IP Address This indicates the IP address of a connected client device.Host Name This indicates the host name of a connected client device. If the device is computer, then the host name is the computer name.MAC Address This indicates the MAC address of a connected client device.
Chapter 5 The Setup ScreensUser’s Guide605.4 Time SettingClick SETUP > Time Setting to set the date, time, and time zone for the WiMAX Modem.Figure 18 SETUP > Time SettingThe following table describes the labels in this screen. Reserve This indicates whether the IP address for the connected client device is reserved. When the DHCP server issues IP addresses, reserved IPs are assigned to specific client devices.If the IP address is reserved, the client device identified by its MAC address will always receive this IP address from the DHCP server.Apply Click to save your changes.Refresh Click to refresh the information in the screen.Table 10 SETUP > Set IP Address (continued)LABEL DESCRIPTIONTable 11 SETUP > Time SettingLABEL DESCRIPTIONCurrent Time and DateCurrent Time Displays the current time according to the WiMAX Modem.
Chapter 5 The Setup ScreensUser’s Guide 615.4.1 Pre-Defined NTP Time Servers ListThe WiMAX Modem uses a pre-defined list of NTP time servers if you do not specify a time server or it cannot synchronize with the time server you specified. It can use this list regardless of the time protocol you select.When the WiMAX Modem uses the list, it randomly selects one server and tries to synchronize with it. If the synchronization fails, then it goes through the rest of Current Date Displays the current time according to the WiMAX Modem.Time and Date SetupManual Select this if you want to specify the current date and time in the fields below.New Time Enter the new time in this field, and click Apply.New Date Enter the new date in this field, and click Apply.Get from Time Server Select this if you want to use a time server to update the current date and time in the WiMAX Modem.Time Protocol Select the time service protocol that your time server uses.Check with your ISP or network administrator, or use trial-and-error to find a protocol that works.Daytime (RFC 867) - This format is day/month/year/time zone.Time (RFC 868) - This format displays a 4-byte integer giving the total number of seconds since 1970/1/1 at 0:0:0.NTP (RFC 1305) - This format is similar to Time (RFC 868).Time Server Address Enter the IP address or URL of your time server. Check with your ISP or network administrator if you are unsure of this information.Time Zone SetupTime Zone Select the time zone at your location.Daylight Savings Select this if your location uses daylight savings time. Daylight savings is a period from late spring to early fall when many places set their clocks ahead of normal local time by one hour to give more daytime light in the evening.Start Date Enter which hour on which day of which week of which month daylight-savings time starts.End Date Enter which hour on the which day of which week of which month daylight-savings time ends.Apply Click to save your changes.Reset Click to restore your previously saved settings.Table 11 SETUP > Time Setting (continued)LABEL DESCRIPTION
Chapter 5 The Setup ScreensUser’s Guide62the list in order until either it is successful or all the pre-defined NTP time servers have been tried. 5.4.2 Resetting the TimeThe WiMAX Modem automatically resets the time in the following circumstances:• When the device starts up, such as when you press the Power button.• When you click Apply in the SETUP > Time Setting screen.• Once every 24-hours after starting up.Table 12 Pre-defined NTP Time Serversntp1.cs.wisc.eduntp1.gbg.netnod.sentp2.cs.wisc.edutock.usno.navy.milntp3.cs.wisc.eduntp.cs.strath.ac.ukntp1.sp.setime1.stupi.setick.stdtime.gov.twtock.stdtime.gov.twtime.stdtime.gov.tw
63PART IIIAdvanced ScreensThe LAN Configuration Screens (65)The WAN Configuration Screens (77)The NAT Configuration Screens (89)The System Configuration Screens (99)
64
User’s Guide 65CHAPTER 6 The LAN Configuration Screens6.1 OverviewUse the ADVANCED > LAN Configuration screens to set up the WiMAX Modem on the LAN. You can configure its IP address and subnet mask, DHCP services, and other subnets. You can also control how the WiMAX Modem sends routing information using RIP.A Local Area Network (LAN) is a shared communication system to which many computers are attached. A LAN is usually a computer network limited to the immediate area, such as the same building or floor of a building.6.1.1 What You Can Do in This Chapter•The DHCP Setup screen (Section 6.2 on page 66) lets you enable, disable, and configure the DHCP server in the WiMAX Modem.•The Static DHCP screen (Section 6.3 on page 68) lets you assign specific IP addresses to specific computers on the LAN.•The IP Static Route screen (Section 6.4 on page 69) lets you examine the static routes configured in the WiMAX Modem.•The Other Settings screen (Section 6.5 on page 71) lets you control the routing information that is sent and received by each subnet assign specific IP addresses to specific computers on the LAN.6.1.2 What You Need to KnowThe following terms and concepts may help as you read through this chapter.IP AddressIP addresses identify individual devices on a network. Every networking device (including computers, servers, routers, printers, etc.) needs an IP address to communicate across the network. These networking devices are also known as hosts.
Chapter 6 The LAN Configuration ScreensUser’s Guide66Subnet MasksSubnet masks determine the maximum number of possible hosts on a network. You can also use subnet masks to divide one network into multiple sub-networks.DNSDNS (Domain Name System) is for mapping a domain name to its corresponding IP address and vice versa. The DNS server is extremely important because without it, you must know the IP address of a networking device before you can access it.DHCPA DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) server can assign your WiMAX Modem an IP address, subnet mask, DNS and other routing information when it’s turned on.6.2 DHCP SetupClick ADVANCED > LAN Configuration > DHCP Setup to enable, disable, and configure the DHCP server in the WiMAX Modem.Figure 19 ADVANCED > LAN Configuration > DHCP Setup
Chapter 6 The LAN Configuration ScreensUser’s Guide 67The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 13 ADVANCED > LAN Configuration > DHCP SetupLABEL DESCRIPTIONDHCP SetupEnable DHCP Server Select this if you want the WiMAX Modem to be the DHCP server on the LAN. As a DHCP server, the WiMAX Modem assigns IP addresses to DHCP clients on the LAN and provides the subnet mask and DNS server information.IP Pool Starting Address Enter the IP address from which the WiMAX Modem begins allocating IP addresses, if you have not specified an IP address for this computer in ADVANCED > LAN Configuration > Static DHCP.Pool Size Enter the number of IP addresses to allocate. This number must be at least one and is limited by a subnet mask of 255.255.255.0 (regardless of the subnet the WiMAX Modem is in). For example, if the IP Pool Start Address is 10.10.10.10, the WiMAX Modem can allocate up to 10.10.10.254, or 245 IP addresses.DNS ServerFirst, Second and Third DNS ServerSpecify the IP addresses of a maximum of three DNS servers that the network can use. The WiMAX Modem provides these IP addresses to DHCP clients. You can specify these IP addresses two ways.From ISP - provide the DNS servers provided by the ISP on the WAN port.User Defined - enter a static IP address.DNS Relay - this setting will relay DNS information from the DNS server obtained by the WiMAX Modem.None - no DNS service will be provided by the WiMAX Modem.Apply Click to save your changes.Reset Click to restore your previously saved settings.
Chapter 6 The LAN Configuration ScreensUser’s Guide686.3 Static DHCPClick ADVANCED > LAN Configuration > Static DHCP to assign specific IP addresses to specific computers on the LAN.Note: This screen has no effect if the DHCP server is not enabled. You can enable it in ADVANCED > LAN Configuration > DHCP Setup.Figure 20 ADVANCED > LAN Configuration > Static DHCPThe following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 14 ADVANCED > LAN Configuration > Static DHCPLABEL DESCRIPTION# The number of the item in this list.MAC Address Enter the MAC address of the computer to which you want the WiMAX Modem to assign the same IP address.IP Address Enter the IP address you want the WiMAX Modem to assign to the computer.Apply Click to save your changes.Reset Click to restore your previously saved settings.
Chapter 6 The LAN Configuration ScreensUser’s Guide 696.4 IP Static RouteClick ADVANCED > LAN Configuration > IP Static Route to look at the static routes configured in the WiMAX Modem.Note: The first static route is the default route and cannot be modified or deleted.Figure 21 Advanced> LAN Configuration > IP Static RouteThe following table describes the icons in this screen.The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 15 Advanced> LAN Configuration > IP Static RouteICON DESCRIPTIONEditClick to edit this item.DeleteClick to delete this item.Table 16 Advanced> LAN Configuration > IP Static RouteLABEL DESCRIPTION#The number of the item in this list.Name This field displays the name that describes the static route.Active This field shows whether this static route is active (Yes) or not (No).Destination This field displays the destination IP address(es) that this static route affects.Gateway This field displays the IP address of the gateway to which the WiMAX Modem should send packets for the specified Destination. The gateway is a router or a switch on the same network segment as the device's LAN or WAN port. The gateway helps forward packets to their destinations.Apply Click to save your changes.Reset Click to restore your previously saved settings.
Chapter 6 The LAN Configuration ScreensUser’s Guide706.4.1 IP Static Route SetupClick an Edit icon in ADVANCED > LAN Configuration > IP Static Route to edit a static route in the WiMAX Modem.Figure 22 Advanced> LAN Configuration > IP Static Route SetupThe following table describes the labels in this screen.Table 17 Management > Static Route > IP Static Route > EditLABEL DESCRIPTIONRoute Name Enter the name of the static route.Active Select this if you want the static route to be used. Clear this if you do not want the static route to be used.Private Select this if you do not want the WiMAX Modem to tell other routers about this static route. For example, you might select this if the static route is in your LAN. Clear this if you want the WiMAX Modem to tell other routers about this static route.Destination IP Address Enter one of the destination IP addresses that this static route affects.IP Subnet Mask Enter the subnet mask that defines the range of destination IP addresses that this static route affects. If this static route affects only one IP address, enter 255.255.255.255.Gateway IP Address Enter the IP address of the gateway to which the WiMAX Modem should send packets for the specified Destination. The gateway is a router or a switch on the same network segment as the device's LAN or WAN port. The gateway helps forward packets to their destinations.Metric Usually, you should keep the default value. This field is related to RIP.The metric represents the "cost of transmission". A router determines the best route for transmission by choosing a path with the lowest "cost". The smaller the metric, the lower the "cost". RIP uses hop count as the measurement of cost, where 1 is for a directly-connected network. The metric must be 1-15; if you use a value higher than 15, the routers assume the link is down.
Chapter 6 The LAN Configuration ScreensUser’s Guide 716.5 Other SettingsClick ADVANCED > LAN Configuration > Other Settings to set the RIP and Multicast options.Figure 23 ADVANCED > LAN Configuration > AdvancedThe following table describes the labels in this screen.Apply Click to save your changes.Cancel Click to return to the previous screen without saving your changes.Table 17 Management > Static Route > IP Static Route > Edit (continued)LABEL DESCRIPTIONTable 18 ADVANCED > LAN Configuration > Other SettingsLABEL DESCRIPTIONRIP & Multicast SetupRIP Direction Use this field to control how much routing information the WiMAX Modem sends and receives on the subnet.•None - The WiMAX Modem does not send or receive routing information on the subnet.•Both - The WiMAX Modem sends and receives routing information on the subnet.•In Only - The WiMAX Modem only receives routing information on the subnet.•Out Only - The WiMAX Modem only sends routing information on the subnet.RIP Version Select which version of RIP the WiMAX Modem uses when it sends or receives information on the subnet.•RIP-1 - The WiMAX Modem uses RIPv1 to exchange routing information.•RIP-2B - The WiMAX Modem broadcasts RIPv2 to exchange routing information.•RIP-2M - The WiMAX Modem multicasts RIPv2 to exchange routing information.
Chapter 6 The LAN Configuration ScreensUser’s Guide726.6 Technical ReferenceThe following section contains additional technical information about the WiMAX Modem features described in this chapter.6.6.1 IP Address and Subnet MaskSimilar to the way houses on a street share a common street name, computers on a LAN share one common network number.Where you obtain your network number depends on your particular situation. If the ISP or your network administrator assigns you a block of registered IP addresses, follow their instructions in selecting the IP addresses and the subnet mask.If the ISP did not explicitly give you an IP network number, then most likely you have a single user account and the ISP will assign you a dynamic IP address when the connection is established. If this is the case, it is recommended that you select a network number from 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.0 and you must enable the Network Address Translation (NAT) feature of the WiMAX Modem. The Internet Assigned Number Authority (IANA) reserved this block of addresses specifically for private use; please do not use any other number unless you are told otherwise. Let's say you select 192.168.1.0 as the network number; which covers 254 individual addresses, from 192.168.1.1 to 192.168.1.254 (zero and 255 are reserved). In other words, the first three numbers specify the network number while the last number identifies an individual computer on that network.Multicast You do not have to enable multicasting to use RIP-2M. (See RIP Version.)Select which version of IGMP the WiMAX Modem uses to support multicasting on the LAN. Multicasting sends packets to some computers on the LAN and is an alternative to unicasting (sending packets to one computer) and broadcasting (sending packets to every computer).•None - The WiMAX Modem does not support multicasting.•IGMP-v1 - The WiMAX Modem supports IGMP version 1.•IGMP-v2 - The WiMAX Modem supports IGMP version 2.Multicasting can improve overall network performance. However, it requires extra processing and generates more network traffic. In addition, other computers on the LAN have to support the same version of IGMP.Apply Click to save your changes.Reset Click to restore your previously saved settings.Table 18 ADVANCED > LAN Configuration > Other Settings (continued)LABEL DESCRIPTION
Chapter 6 The LAN Configuration ScreensUser’s Guide 73Once you have decided on the network number, pick an IP address that is easy to remember, for instance, 192.168.1.1, for your WiMAX Modem, but make sure that no other device on your network is using that IP address.The subnet mask specifies the network number portion of an IP address. Your WiMAX Modem will compute the subnet mask automatically based on the IP address that you entered. You don't need to change the subnet mask computed by the WiMAX Modem unless you are instructed to do otherwise.6.6.2 DHCP SetupDHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol, RFC 2131 and RFC 2132) allows individual clients to obtain TCP/IP configuration at start-up from a server. You can configure the WiMAX Modem as a DHCP server or disable it. When configured as a server, the WiMAX Modem provides the TCP/IP configuration for the clients. If DHCP service is disabled, you must have another DHCP server on your LAN, or else each computer must be manually configured.The WiMAX Modem is pre-configured with a pool of IP addresses for the DHCP clients (DHCP Pool). See the product specifications in the appendices. Do not assign static IP addresses from the DHCP pool to your LAN computers.These parameters should work for the majority of installations. If your ISP gives you explicit DNS server address(es), see Section 6.3 on page 68.6.6.3 LAN TCP/IPThe WiMAX Modem has built-in DHCP server capability that assigns IP addresses and DNS servers to systems that support DHCP client capability.The LAN parameters of the WiMAX Modem are preset in the factory with the following values:• IP address of 192.168.1.1 with subnet mask of 255.255.255.0 (24 bits)• DHCP server enabled with 32 client IP addresses starting from 192.168.1.33. These parameters should work for the majority of installations. If your ISP gives you explicit DNS server address(es), see Section 6.3 on page 68.
Chapter 6 The LAN Configuration ScreensUser’s Guide746.6.4 DNS Server AddressDNS (Domain Name System) is for mapping a domain name to its corresponding IP address and vice versa. The DNS server is extremely important because without it, you must know the IP address of a machine before you can access it. The DNS server addresses that you enter in the DHCP setup are passed to the client machines along with the assigned IP address and subnet mask.There are two ways that an ISP disseminates the DNS server addresses. The first is for an ISP to tell a customer the DNS server addresses, usually in the form of an information sheet, when s/he signs up. If your ISP gives you the DNS server addresses, enter them in the DNS Server fields in DHCP Setup, otherwise, leave them blank.Some ISPs choose to pass the DNS servers using the DNS server extensions of PPP IPCP (IP Control Protocol) after the connection is up. If your ISP did not give you explicit DNS servers, chances are the DNS servers are conveyed through IPCP negotiation. The WiMAX Modem supports the IPCP DNS server extensions through the DNS proxy feature.If the Primary and Secondary DNS Server fields in the LAN Setup screen are not specified, for instance, left as 0.0.0.0, the WiMAX Modem tells the DHCP clients that it itself is the DNS server. When a computer sends a DNS query to the WiMAX Modem, the WiMAX Modem forwards the query to the real DNS server learned through IPCP and relays the response back to the computer.Please note that DNS proxy works only when the ISP uses the IPCP DNS server extensions. It does not mean you can leave the DNS servers out of the DHCP setup under all circumstances. If your ISP gives you explicit DNS servers, make sure that you enter their IP addresses in the LAN Setup screen. This way, the WiMAX Modem can pass the DNS servers to the computers and the computers can query the DNS server directly without the WiMAX Modem’s intervention.6.6.5 RIP SetupRIP (Routing Information Protocol) allows a router to exchange routing information with other routers. The RIP Direction field controls the sending and receiving of RIP packets. When set to:•Both - the WiMAX Modem will broadcast its routing table periodically and incorporate the RIP information that it receives.•In Only - the WiMAX Modem will not send any RIP packets but will accept all RIP packets received.•Out Only - the WiMAX Modem will send out RIP packets but will not accept any RIP packets received.
Chapter 6 The LAN Configuration ScreensUser’s Guide 75•None - the WiMAX Modem will not send any RIP packets and will ignore any RIP packets received.The Version field controls the format and the broadcasting method of the RIP packets that the WiMAX Modem sends (it recognizes both formats when receiving). RIP-1 is universally supported; but RIP-2 carries more information. RIP-1 is probably adequate for most networks, unless you have an unusual network topology.Both RIP-2B and RIP-2M sends the routing data in RIP-2 format; the difference being that RIP-2B uses subnet broadcasting while RIP-2M uses multicasting.6.6.6 MulticastTraditionally, IP packets are transmitted in one of either two ways - Unicast (1 sender - 1 recipient) or Broadcast (1 sender - everybody on the network). Multicast delivers IP packets to a group of hosts on the network - not everybody and not just 1.IGMP (Internet Group Multicast Protocol) is a network-layer protocol used to establish membership in a Multicast group - it is not used to carry user data. IGMP version 2 (RFC 2236) is an improvement over version 1 (RFC 1112) but IGMP version 1 is still in wide use. If you would like to read more detailed information about interoperability between IGMP version 2 and version 1, please see sections 4 and 5 of RFC 2236. The class D IP address is used to identify host groups and can be in the range 224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255. The address 224.0.0.0 is not assigned to any group and is used by IP multicast computers. The address 224.0.0.1 is used for query messages and is assigned to the permanent group of all IP hosts (including gateways). All hosts must join the 224.0.0.1 group in order to participate in IGMP. The address 224.0.0.2 is assigned to the multicast routers group.The WiMAX Modem supports both IGMP version 1 (IGMP-v1) and IGMP version 2 (IGMP-v2). At start up, the WiMAX Modem queries all directly connected networks to gather group membership. After that, the WiMAX Modem periodically updates this information. IP multicasting can be enabled/disabled on the WiMAX Modem LAN and/or WAN interfaces in the web configurator (LAN; WAN). Select None to disable IP multicasting on these interfaces.
Chapter 6 The LAN Configuration ScreensUser’s Guide76
User’s Guide 77CHAPTER 7 The WAN Configuration Screens7.1 Overview Use the ADVANCED > WAN Configuration screens to set up your WiMAX Modem’s Wide Area Network (WAN) or Internet features.A Wide Area Network (or WAN) links geographically dispersed locations to other networks or the Internet. A WAN configuration can include switched and permanent telephone circuits, terrestrial radio systems and satellite systems.7.1.1 What You Can Do in This Chapter•The Internet Connection screen (Section 7.2 on page 80) lets you set up your WiMAX Modem’s Internet settings.•The WiMAX Configuration screen (Section 7.3 on page 82) lets set up the frequencies used by your WiMAX Modem.•The Antenna Selection screen (Section 7.4 on page 86) to switch between the WiMAX Modem’s internal antenna and the external antennas (MAX-216M1R plus only; other models do not support this option.)•The Advanced screen (Section 7.5 on page 87) lets configure your DNS server, RIP, Multicast and Windows Networking settings.7.1.2 What You Need to KnowThe following terms and concepts may help as you read through this chapter.WiMAX WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) is the IEEE 802.16 wireless networking standard, which provides high-bandwidth, wide-range wireless service across wireless Metropolitan Area Networks (MANs). ZyXEL is a member of the WiMAX Forum, the industry group dedicated to promoting and certifying interoperability of wireless broadband products.In a wireless MAN, a wireless-equipped computer is known either as a mobile station (MS) or a subscriber station (SS). Mobile stations use the IEEE 802.16e standard and are able to maintain connectivity while switching their connection
Chapter 7 The WAN Configuration ScreensUser’s Guide78from one base station to another base station (handover) while subscriber stations use other standards that do not have this capability (IEEE 802.16-2004, for example). The following figure shows an MS-equipped notebook computer MS1 moving from base station BS1’s coverage area and connecting to BS2.Figure 24 WiMax: Mobile StationWiMAX technology uses radio signals (around 2 to 10 GHz) to connect subscriber stations and mobile stations to local base stations. Numerous subscriber stations and mobile stations connect to the network through a single base station (BS), as in the following figure. Figure 25 WiMAX: Multiple Mobile StationsA base station's coverage area can extend over many hundreds of meters, even under poor conditions. A base station provides network access to subscriber stations and mobile stations, and communicates with other base stations.The radio frequency and bandwidth of the link between the WiMAX Modem and the base station are controlled by the base station. The WiMAX Modem follows the base station’s configuration.
Chapter 7 The WAN Configuration ScreensUser’s Guide 79AuthenticationWhen authenticating a user, the base station uses a third-party RADIUS or Diameter server known as an AAA (Authentication, Authorization and Accounting) server to authenticate the mobile or subscriber stations. The following figure shows a base station using an AAA server to authenticate mobile station MS, allowing it to access the Internet.Figure 26 Using an AAA ServerIn this figure, the dashed arrow shows the PKM (Privacy Key Management) secured connection between the mobile station and the base station, and the solid arrow shows the EAP secured connection between the mobile station, the base station and the AAA server. See the WiMAX security appendix for more details.
Chapter 7 The WAN Configuration ScreensUser’s Guide807.2 Internet ConnectionClick ADVANCED > WAN Configuration to set up your WiMAX Modem’s Internet settings.Note: Not all WiMAX Modem models have all the fields shown here.Figure 27 ADVANCED > WAN Configuration > Internet ConnectionThe following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 19 ADVANCED > WAN Configuration > Internet Connection > ISP Parameters for Internet AccessLABEL DESCRIPTIONISP Parameters for Internet AccessUser Name Use this field to enter the username associated with your Internet access account. You can enter up to 61 printable ASCII characters.Password Use this field to enter the password associated with your Internet access account. You can enter up to 47 printable ASCII characters.Anonymous Identity Enter the anonymous identity provided by your Internet Service Provider. Anonymous identity (also known as outer identity) is used with EAP-TTLS encryption. The anonymous identity is used to route your authentication request to the correct authentication server, and does not reveal your real user name. Your real user name and password are encrypted in the TLS tunnel, and only the anonymous identity can be seen.Leave this field blank if your ISP did not give you an anonymous identity to use.
Chapter 7 The WAN Configuration ScreensUser’s Guide 81PKM This field displays the Privacy Key Management version number. PKM provides security between the WiMAX Modem and the base station. At the time of writing, the WiMAX Modem supports PKMv2 only. See the WiMAX security appendix for more information.Authentication This field displays the user authentication method. Authentication is the process of confirming the identity of a mobile station (by means of a username and password, for example).Check with your service provider if you are unsure of the correct setting for your account. Choose from the following user authentication methods:•TTLS (Tunnelled Transport Layer Security)•TLS (Transport Layer Security)Note: Not all WiMAX Modems support TLS authentication. Check with your service provider for details.TTLS Inner EAP This field displays the type of secondary authentication method. Once a secure EAP-TTLS connection is established, the inner EAP is the protocol used to exchange security information between the mobile station, the base station and the AAA server to authenticate the mobile station. See the WiMAX security appendix for more details.This field is available only when TTLS is selected in the Authentication field.The WiMAX Modem supports the following inner authentication types:•CHAP (Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol)•MSCHAP (Microsoft CHAP)•MSCHAPV2 (Microsoft CHAP version 2)•PAP (Password Authentication Protocol)Auth Mode Select the authentication mode from the drop-down list box.This field is not available in all WiMAX Modems. Check with your service provider for details.The WiMAX Modem supports the following authentication modes:•User Only• Device Only with Cert• Certs and User AuthenticationCertificate This is the security certificate the WiMAX Modem uses to authenticate the AAA server. Use the TOOLS > > Trusted CAs screen to import certificates to the WiMAX Modem.WAN IP Address AssignmentTable 19 ADVANCED > WAN Configuration > Internet Connection > ISP Parameters for Internet Access (continued)LABEL DESCRIPTION
Chapter 7 The WAN Configuration ScreensUser’s Guide827.3 WiMAX ConfigurationClick ADVANCED > WAN Configuration > WiMAX Configuration to set up the frequencies used by your WiMAX Modem.In a WiMAX network, a mobile or subscriber station must use a radio frequency supported by the base station to communicate. When the WiMAX Modem looks for a connection to a base station, it can search a range of frequencies.Get automatically from ISP (Default)Select this if you have a dynamic IP address. A dynamic IP address is not fixed; the ISP assigns you a different one each time you connect to the Internet. Use Fixed IP Address A static IP address is a fixed IP that your ISP gives you. Type your ISP assigned IP address in the IP Address field below. IP Subnet Mask Enter a subnet mask in dotted decimal notation. Refer to the appendices to calculate a subnet mask If you are implementing subnetting.Gateway IP Address Specify a gateway IP address (supplied by your ISP).Apply Click to save your changes.Reset Click to restore your previously saved settings.Table 19 ADVANCED > WAN Configuration > Internet Connection > ISP Parameters for Internet Access (continued)LABEL DESCRIPTION
Chapter 7 The WAN Configuration ScreensUser’s Guide 83Radio frequency is measured in Hertz (Hz). Figure 28 ADVANCED > WAN Configuration >WiMAX Configuration The following table describes the labels in this screen.Table 20 Radio Frequency Conversion1 kHz = 1000 Hz1 MHz = 1000 kHz (1000000 Hz)1 GHz = 1000 MHz (1000000 kHz)Table 21 ADVANCED > WAN Configuration >WiMAX ConfigurationLABEL DESCRIPTIONDL Frequency / Bandwidth These fields show the downlink frequency settings in kilohertz (kHz). Enter values in these fields to have the WiMAX Modem scan these frequencies for available channels in ascending numerical order.Note: The Bandwidth field is not user-configurable; when the WiMAX Modem finds a WiMAX connection, its frequency is displayed in this field.Contact your service provider for details of supported frequencies.Apply Click to save your changes.Reset Click to restore your previously saved settings.
Chapter 7 The WAN Configuration ScreensUser’s Guide847.3.1 Frequency RangesThe following figure shows the WiMAX Modem searching a range of frequencies to find a connection to a base station. Figure 29 Frequency RangesIn this figure, A is the WiMAX frequency range. “WiMAX frequency range” refers to the entire range of frequencies the WiMAX Modem is capable of using to transmit and receive (see the Product Specifications appendix for details). In the figure, B shows the operator frequency range. This is the range of frequencies within the WiMAX frequency range supported by your operator (service provider).The operator range is subdivided into bandwidth steps. In the figure, each C is a bandwidth step.The arrow D shows the WiMAX Modem searching for a connection.Have the WiMAX Modem search only certain frequencies by configuring the downlink frequencies. Your operator can give you information on the supported frequencies. The downlink frequencies are points of the frequency range your WiMAX Modem searches for an available connection. Use the Site Survey screen to set these bands. You can set the downlink frequencies anywhere within the WiMAX frequency range. In this example, the downlink frequencies have been set to search all of the operator range for a connection.7.3.2 Configuring Frequency SettingsYou need to set the WiMAX Modem to scan one or more specific radio frequencies to find an available connection to a WiMAX base station. Use the WiMAX Frequency screen to define the radio frequencies to be searched for available wireless connections. See Section 7.3.3 on page 85 for an example of using the WiMAX Frequency screen.
Chapter 7 The WAN Configuration ScreensUser’s Guide 85Note: It may take several minutes for the WiMAX Modem to find a connection.• The WiMAX Modem searches the DL Frequency settings in ascending numerical order, from [1] to [9].Note: The Bandwidth field is not user-configurable; when the WiMAX Modem finds a WiMAX connection, its frequency is displayed in this field.• If you enter a 0 in a DL Frequency field, the WiMAX Modem immediately moves on to the next DL Frequency field.• When the WiMAX Modem connects to a base station, the values in this screen are automatically set to the base station’s frequency. The next time the WiMAX Modem searches for a connection, it searches only this frequency. If you want the WiMAX Modem to search other frequencies, enter them in the DL Frequency fields.The following table describes some examples of DL Frequency settings.7.3.3 Using the WiMAX Frequency ScreenIn this example, your Internet service provider has given you a list of supported frequencies: 2.51, 2.525, 2.6, and 2.625. 1In the DL Frequency [1] field, enter 2510000 (2510000 kilohertz (kHz) is equal to 2.51 gigahertz).2In the DL Frequency [2] field, enter 2525000.3In the DL Frequency [3] field, enter 2600000.Table 22 DL Frequency Example SettingsEXAMPLE 1 EXAMPLE 2Bandwidth: 2500000 2500000DL Frequency [1]: 2550000 2550000DL Frequency [2] 0 2600000DL Frequency [3]: 00DL Frequency [4]: 00The WiMAX Modem searches at 2500000 kHz, and then searches at 2550000 kHz if it has not found a connection.The WiMAX Modem searches at 2500000 kHz and then at 2550000 kHz if it has not found an available connection. If it still does not find an available connection, it searches at 2600000 kHz.
Chapter 7 The WAN Configuration ScreensUser’s Guide864In the DL Frequency [4] field, enter 2625000.Leave the rest of the DL Frequency fields at zero. The screen appears as follows.Figure 30 Completing the WiMAX Frequency Screen5Click Apply. The WiMAX Modem stores your settings. When the WiMAX Modem searches for available frequencies, it scans all frequencies from DL Frequency [1] to DL Frequency [4]. When it finds an available connection, the fields in this screen will be automatically set to use that frequency.7.4 Antenna SelectionClick ADVANCED > WAN Configuration > Antenna Selection to switch between the WiMAX Modem’s internal antenna and the (optinoal) external antennas, if they are installed.Note: This screen only pertains to the MAX-216M1R plus. Other devices in this series do not support external antennas.Figure 31 ADVANCED > WAN Configuration > Antenna SelectionThe following table describes the labels in this screen.Table 23 ADVANCED > WAN Configuration > AdvancedLABEL DESCRIPTIONSelect the Antenna Switch ModeUse Internal Antenna Select this to use the device’s internal antenna.Use External Antenna Select this to use the device’s external antenna. If you select this option but do not have external antennas attached, you may experience poor reception.External antennas are optional and not required.
Chapter 7 The WAN Configuration ScreensUser’s Guide 877.5 AdvancedClick ADVANCED > WAN Configuration > Advanced to configure your DNS server, RIP, Multicast and Windows Networking settings.Figure 32 ADVANCED > WAN Configuration > Advanced Apply Click to save your changes.Reset Click to restore your previously saved settings.Table 23 ADVANCED > WAN Configuration > Advanced (continued)LABEL DESCRIPTION
Chapter 7 The WAN Configuration ScreensUser’s Guide88The following table describes the labels in this screen.Table 24 ADVANCED > WAN Configuration > AdvancedLABEL DESCRIPTIONDNS ServersFirst, Second and Third DNS Server Select Obtained from ISP if your ISP dynamically assigns DNS server information (and the WiMAX Modem's WAN IP address). Use the drop-down list box to select a DNS server IP address that the ISP assigns in the field to the right. Select UserDefined if you have the IP address of a DNS server. Enter the DNS server's IP address in the field to the right. If you chose UserDefined, but leave the IP address set to 0.0.0.0, UserDefined changes to None after you click Apply. If you set a second choice to UserDefined, and enter the same IP address, the second UserDefined changes to None after you click Apply. Select None if you do not want to configure DNS servers. You must have another DHCP server on your LAN, or else the computers must have their DNS server addresses manually configured. If you do not configure a DNS server, you must know the IP address of a computer in order to access it.RIP & Multicast SetupRIP Direction Select the RIP direction from None, Both, In Only and Out Only.RIP Version Select the RIP version from RIP-1, RIP-2B and RIP-2M.Multicast IGMP (Internet Group Multicast Protocol) is a network-layer protocol used to establish membership in a multicast group. The WiMAX Modem supports both IGMP version 1 (IGMP-v1) and IGMP-v2. Select None to disable it.Windows Networking (NetBIOS over TCP/IP)Allow between LAN and WAN Select this check box to forward NetBIOS packets from the LAN to the WAN and from the WAN to the LAN. If your firewall is enabled with the default policy set to block WAN to LAN traffic, you also need to enable the default WAN to LAN firewall rule that forwards NetBIOS traffic.Clear this check box to block all NetBIOS packets going from the LAN to the WAN and from the WAN to the LAN.Allow Trigger Dial Select this option to allow NetBIOS packets to initiate calls.Apply Click to save your changes.Reset Click to restore your previously saved settings.
User’s Guide 89CHAPTER 8 The NAT Configuration Screens8.1 OverviewUse these screens to configure port forwarding and trigger ports for the WiMAX Modem. You can also enable and disable SIP, FTP, and H.323 ALG.Network Address Translation (NAT) maps a host’s IP address within one network to a different IP address in another network. For example, you can use a NAT router to map one IP address from your ISP to multiple private IP addresses for the devices in your home network.8.1.1 What You Can Do in This Chapter•The General screen (Section 8.2 on page 89) lets you enable or disable NAT and to allocate memory for NAT and firewall rules.•The Port Forwarding screen (Section 8.3 on page 90) lets you look at the current port-forwarding rules in the WiMAX Modem, and to enable, disable, activate, and deactivate each one.•The Trigger Port screen (Section 8.4 on page 94) lets you maintain trigger port forwarding rules for the WiMAX Modem.•The ALG screen (Section 8.5 on page 96) lets you enable and disable SIP (VoIP), FTP (file transfer), and H.323 (audio-visual) ALG in the WiMAX Modem.8.2 GeneralClick ADVANCED > NAT Configuration > General to enable or disable NAT and to allocate memory for NAT and firewall rules.Figure 33 ADVANCED > NAT Configuration > General
Chapter 8 The NAT Configuration ScreensUser’s Guide90The following table describes the labels in this screen.8.3 Port Forwarding A NAT server set is a list of inside (behind NAT on the LAN) servers, for example, web or FTP, that you can make accessible to the outside world even though NAT makes your whole inside network appear as a single machine to the outside world.Use the ADVANCED > NAT Configuration > Port Forwarding screen to forward incoming service requests to the server(s) on your local network. You may enter a single port number or a range of port numbers to be forwarded, and the local IP address of the desired server. The port number identifies a service; for example, web service is on port 80 and FTP on port 21. In some cases, such as for unknown services or where one server can support more than one service (for example both FTP and web service), it might be better to specify a range of port numbers. In addition to the servers for specified services, NAT supports a default server. A service request that does not have a server explicitly designated for it is forwarded to the default server. If the default is not defined, the service request is simply discarded.Table 25 ADVANCED > NAT Configuration > GeneralLABEL DESCRIPTIONEnable Network Address Translation Select this if you want to use port forwarding, trigger ports, or any of the ALG.Max NAT/Firewall Session Per User When computers use peer to peer applications, such as file sharing applications, they may use a large number of NAT sessions. If you do not limit the number of NAT sessions a single client can establish, this can result in all of the available NAT sessions being used. In this case, no additional NAT sessions can be established, and users may not be able to access the Internet. Each NAT session establishes a corresponding firewall session. Use this field to limit the number of NAT/firewall sessions each client computer can establish through the WiMAX Modem. If your network has a small number of clients using peer to peer applications, you can raise this number to ensure that their performance is not degraded by the number of NAT sessions they can establish. If your network has a large number of users using peer to peer applications, you can lower this number to ensure no single client is using all of the available NAT sessions. Apply Click to save your changes.Cancel Click to return to the previous screen without saving your changes.
Chapter 8 The NAT Configuration ScreensUser’s Guide 91For example, let's say you want to assign ports 21-25 to one FTP, Telnet and SMTP server (A in the example), port 80 to another (B in the example) and assign a default server IP address of 192.168.1.35 to a third (C in the example). You assign the LAN IP addresses and the ISP assigns the WAN IP address. The NAT network appears as a single host on the Internet.Figure 34 Multiple Servers Behind NAT Example8.3.1 Port Forwarding OptionsClick ADVANCED > NAT Configuration > Port Forwarding to look at the current port-forwarding rules in the WiMAX Modem, and to enable, disable, activate, and deactivate each one. You can also set up a default server to handle ports not covered by rules.Figure 35 ADVANCED > NAT Configuration > Port Forwarding
Chapter 8 The NAT Configuration ScreensUser’s Guide92The following table describes the icons in this screen.The following table describes the labels in this screen.Table 26 Advanced> VPN Transport > Customer InterfaceICON DESCRIPTIONEditClick to edit this item.DeleteClick to delete this item.Table 27 ADVANCED > NAT Configuration > Port ForwardingLABEL DESCRIPTIONDefault Server SetupDefault Server Enter the IP address of the server to which the WiMAX Modem should forward packets for ports that are not specified in the Port Forwarding section below or in the TOOLS > Remote MGMT screens. Enter 0.0.0.0 if you want the WiMAX Modem to discard these packets instead.Port Forwarding#The number of the item in this list.Active Select this to enable this rule. Clear this to disable this rule.Name This field displays the name of the rule. It does not have to be unique.Start Port This field displays the beginning of the range of port numbers forwarded by this rule.End Port This field displays the end of the range of port numbers forwarded by this rule. If it is the same as the Start Port, only one port number is forwarded.Server IP Address This field displays the IP address of the server to which packet for the selected port(s) are forwarded.Action Click the Edit icon to set up a port forwarding rule or alter the configuration of an existing port forwarding rule.Click the Delete icon to remove an existing port forwarding rule. Apply Click to save your changes.Reset Click to restore your previously saved settings.
Chapter 8 The NAT Configuration ScreensUser’s Guide 938.3.2 Port Forwarding Rule SetupClick a port forwarding rule’s Edit icon in the ADVANCED > NAT Configuration > Port Forwarding screen to activate, deactivate, or edit it.Figure 36 ADVANCED > NAT Configuration > Port Forwarding > Rule SetupThe following table describes the labels in this screen.Table 28 ADVANCED > NAT Configuration > Port Forwarding > Rule SetupLABEL DESCRIPTIONActive Select this to enable this rule. Clear this to disable this rule.Service Name Enter a name to identify this rule. You can use 1 - 31 printable ASCII characters, or you can leave this field blank. It does not have to be a unique name.Start PortEnd PortEnter the port number or range of port numbers you want to forward to the specified server.To forward one port number, enter the port number in the Start Port and End Port fields.To forward a range of ports,• enter the port number at the beginning of the range in the Start Port field• enter the port number at the end of the range in the End Port field.Server IP Address Enter the IP address of the server to which to forward packets for the selected port number(s). This server is usually on the LAN.Apply Click to save your changes.Cancel Click to return to the previous screen without saving your changes.
Chapter 8 The NAT Configuration ScreensUser’s Guide948.4 Trigger PortSome services use a dedicated range of ports on the client side and a dedicated range of ports on the server side. With regular port forwarding you set a forwarding port in NAT to forward a service (coming in from the server on the WAN) to the IP address of a computer on the client side (LAN). The problem is that port forwarding only forwards a service to a single LAN IP address. In order to use the same service on a different LAN computer, you have to manually replace the LAN computer's IP address in the forwarding port with another LAN computer's IP address, Trigger port forwarding solves this problem by allowing computers on the LAN to dynamically take turns using the service. The WiMAX Modem records the IP address of a LAN computer that sends traffic to the WAN to request a service with a specific port number and protocol (a "trigger" port). When the WiMAX Modem's WAN port receives a response with a specific port number and protocol ("incoming" port), the WiMAX Modem forwards the traffic to the LAN IP address of the computer that sent the request. After that computer’s connection for that service closes, another computer on the LAN can use the service in the same manner. This way you do not need to configure a new IP address each time you want a different LAN computer to use the application.Click ADVANCED > NAT Configuration > Trigger Port to maintain trigger port forwarding rules for the WiMAX Modem.Figure 37 ADVANCED > NAT Configuration > Trigger PortThe following table describes the labels in this screen.Table 29 ADVANCED > NAT Configuration > Trigger PortLABEL DESCRIPTION#The number of the item in this list.Name Enter a name to identify this rule. You can use 1 - 15 printable ASCII characters, or you can leave this field blank. It does not have to be a unique name.Incoming
Chapter 8 The NAT Configuration ScreensUser’s Guide 958.4.1 Trigger Port Forwarding ExampleThe following is an example of trigger port forwarding. In this example, J is Jane’s computer and S is the Real Audio server.Figure 38 Trigger Port Forwarding ExampleStart PortEnd Port Enter the incoming port number or range of port numbers you want to forward to the IP address the WiMAX Modem records.To forward one port number, enter the port number in the Start Port and End Port fields.To forward a range of ports,• enter the port number at the beginning of the range in the Start Port field• enter the port number at the end of the range in the End Port field.If you want to delete this rule, enter zero in the Start Port and End Port fields.TriggerStart PortEnd Port Enter the outgoing port number or range of port numbers that makes the WiMAX Modem record the source IP address and assign it to the selected incoming port number(s).To select one port number, enter the port number in the Start Port and End Port fields.To select a range of ports,• enter the port number at the beginning of the range in the Start Port field• enter the port number at the end of the range in the End Port field.If you want to delete this rule, enter zero in the Start Port and End Port fields.Apply Click to save your changes.Cancel Click to return to the previous screen without saving your changes.Table 29 ADVANCED > NAT Configuration > Trigger Port (continued)LABEL DESCRIPTION
Chapter 8 The NAT Configuration ScreensUser’s Guide961Jane requests a file from the Real Audio server (port 7070).2Port 7070 is a “trigger” port and causes the WiMAX Modem to record Jane’s computer IP address. The WiMAX Modem associates Jane's computer IP address with the "incoming" port range of 6970-7170.3The Real Audio server responds using a port number ranging between 6970-7170.4The WiMAX Modem forwards the traffic to Jane’s computer IP address. 5Only Jane can connect to the Real Audio server until the connection is closed or times out. The WiMAX Modem times out in three minutes with UDP (User Datagram Protocol), or two hours with TCP/IP (Transfer Control Protocol/Internet Protocol). Two points to remember about trigger ports:1Trigger events only happen on data that is coming from inside the WiMAX Modem and going to the outside.2If an application needs a continuous data stream, that port (range) will be tied up so that another computer on the LAN can’t trigger it. 8.5 ALGSome applications, such as SIP, cannot operate through NAT (are NAT un-friendly) because they embed IP addresses and port numbers in their packets’ data payload. Some NAT routers may include a SIP Application Layer Gateway (ALG). An Application Layer Gateway (ALG) manages a specific protocol (such as SIP, H.323 or FTP) at the application layer. A SIP ALG allows SIP calls to pass through NAT by examining and translating IP addresses embedded in the data stream.
Chapter 8 The NAT Configuration ScreensUser’s Guide 97Click ADVANCED > NAT Configuration > ALG to enable and disable SIP (VoIP), FTP (file transfer), and H.323 (audio-visual) ALG in the WiMAX Modem.Figure 39 ADVANCED > NAT Configuration > ALGThe following table describes the labels in this screen.Table 30 ADVANCED > NAT Configuration > ALGLABEL DESCRIPTIONEnable SIP ALG Select this to make sure SIP (VoIP) works correctly with port-forwarding and port-triggering rules.Enable FTP ALG Select this to make sure FTP (file transfer) works correctly with port-forwarding and port-triggering rules.Enable H.323 ALG Select this to make sure H.323 (audio-visual programs, such as NetMeeting) works correctly with port-forwarding and port-triggering rules.Apply Click to save your changes.Cancel Click to return to the previous screen without saving your changes.
Chapter 8 The NAT Configuration ScreensUser’s Guide98
User’s Guide 99CHAPTER 9 The System ConfigurationScreens9.1 OverviewClick ADVANCED > System Configuration to set up general system settings, change the system mode, change the password, configure the DDNS server settings, and set the current date and time.9.1.1 What You Can Do in This Chapter•The General screen (Section 9.2 on page 101) lets you change the WiMAX Modem’s mode, set up its system name, domain name, idle timeout, and administrator password.•The Dynamic DNS screen (Section 9.3 on page 102) lets you set up the WiMAX Modem as a dynamic DNS client.•The Firmware screen (Section 9.4 on page 104) lets you upload new firmware to the WiMAX Modem.•The Configuration screen (Section 9.5 on page 106) lets you back up or restore the configuration of the WiMAX Modem.•The Restart screen (Section 9.6 on page 107) lets you restart your WiMAX Modem from within the web configurator.9.1.2 What You Need to KnowThe following terms and concepts may help as you read through this chapter.System NameThe System Name is often used for identification purposes. Because some ISPs check this name you should enter your computer's "Computer Name". • In Windows 2000: Click Start > Settings > Control Panel and then double-click the System icon. Select the Network Identification tab and then click the Properties button. Note the entry for the Computer Name field and enter it as the System Name.
Chapter 9 The System Configuration ScreensUser’s Guide100• In Windows XP: Click Start > My Computer > View system information and then click the Computer Name tab. Note the entry in the Full computer name field and enter it as the WiMAX Modem System Name.Domain NameThe Domain Name entry is what is propagated to the DHCP clients on the LAN. If you leave this blank, the domain name obtained by DHCP from the ISP is used. While you must enter the host name (System Name) on each individual computer, the domain name can be assigned from the WiMAX Modem via DHCP.DNS Server Address AssignmentUse DNS (Domain Name System) to map a domain name to its corresponding IP address and vice versa, for instance, the IP address of www.zyxel.com is 204.217.0.2. The DNS server is extremely important because without it, you must know the IP address of a computer before you can access it. The WiMAX Modem can get the DNS server addresses in the following ways:1The ISP tells you the DNS server addresses, usually in the form of an information sheet, when you sign up. If your ISP gives you DNS server addresses, enter them in the DNS Server fields in the SYSTEM General screen.2If the ISP did not give you DNS server information, leave the DNS Server fields in the SYSTEM General screen set to 0.0.0.0 for the ISP to dynamically assign the DNS server IP addresses.
Chapter 9 The System Configuration ScreensUser’s Guide 1019.2 General Click ADVANCED > System Configuration > General to change the WiMAX Modem’s mode, set up its system name, domain name, idle timeout, and administrator password.Figure 40 ADVANCED > System Configuration > GeneralThe following table describes the labels in this screen.Table 31 ADVANCED > System Configuration > GeneralLABEL DESCRIPTIONSystem SetupSystem Name Enter your computer's "Computer Name". This is for identification purposes, but some ISPs also check this field. This name can be up to 30 alphanumeric characters long. Spaces are not allowed, but dashes “-” and underscores "_" are accepted.Domain Name Enter the domain name entry that is propagated to DHCP clients on the LAN. If you leave this blank, the domain name obtained from the ISP is used. Use up to 38 alphanumeric characters. Spaces are not allowed, but dashes “-” and periods "." are accepted.Administrator Inactivity Timer Enter the number of minutes a management session can be left idle before the session times out. After it times out, you have to log in again. A value of "0" means a management session never times out, no matter how long it has been left idle. This is not recommended. Long idle timeouts may have security risks. The default is five minutes. Password SetupOld Password Enter the current password you use to access the WiMAX Modem.New Password Enter the new password for the WiMAX Modem. You can use up to 30 characters. As you type the password, the screen displays an asterisk (*) for each character you type.
Chapter 9 The System Configuration ScreensUser’s Guide1029.3 Dynamic DNSDynamic DNS allows you to update your current dynamic IP address with one or many dynamic DNS services so that anyone can contact you (in NetMeeting, CU-SeeMe, etc.). You can also access your FTP server or Web site on your own computer using a domain name (for instance myhost.dhs.org, where myhost is a name of your choice) that will never change instead of using an IP address that changes each time you reconnect. Your friends or relatives will always be able to call you even if they don't know your IP address.First of all, you need to have registered a dynamic DNS account with www.dyndns.org. This is for people with a dynamic IP from their ISP or DHCP server that would still like to have a domain name. The Dynamic DNS service provider will give you a password or key.Enabling the wildcard feature for your host causes *.yourhost.dyndns.org to be aliased to the same IP address as yourhost.dyndns.org. This feature is useful if you want to be able to use, for example, www.yourhost.dyndns.org and still reach your hostname.Note: If you have a private WAN IP address, then you cannot use Dynamic DNS.Retype to Confirm Enter the new password again.Apply Click to save your changes.Reset Click to restore your previously saved settings.Table 31 ADVANCED > System Configuration > General (continued)LABEL DESCRIPTION
Chapter 9 The System Configuration ScreensUser’s Guide 103Click ADVANCED > System Configuration > Dynamic DNS to set up the WiMAX Modem as a dynamic DNS client.Figure 41 ADVANCED > System Configuration > Dynamic DNSThe following table describes the labels in this screen.Table 32 ADVANCED > System Configuration > Dynamic DNSLABEL DESCRIPTIONDynamic DNS SetupEnable Dynamic DNS Select this to use dynamic DNS.Service Provider Select the name of your Dynamic DNS service provider.Dynamic DNS Type Select the type of service that you are registered for from your Dynamic DNS service provider.Host Name Enter the host name. You can specify up to two host names, separated by a comma (",").User Name Enter your user name.Password Enter the password assigned to you.Enable Wildcard Option Select this to enable the DynDNS Wildcard feature.
Chapter 9 The System Configuration ScreensUser’s Guide1049.4 FirmwareClick ADVANCED > System Configuration > Firmware to upload new firmware to the WiMAX Modem. Firmware files usually use the system model name with a "*.bin" extension, such as "WiMAX Modem.bin". The upload process uses HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) and may take up to two minutes. After a successful upload, the system will reboot. Contact your service provider for information on available firmware upgrades.Note: Only use firmware for your WiMAX Modem’s specific model.Figure 42 ADVANCED > System Configuration > FirmwareEnable offline option This field is available when CustomDNS is selected in the DDNS Type field. Select this if your Dynamic DNS service provider redirects traffic to a URL that you can specify while you are off line. Check with your Dynamic DNS service provider.IP Address Update PolicyUse WAN IP Address Select this if you want the WiMAX Modem to update the domain name with the WAN port's IP address.Dynamic DNS server auto detect IP addressSelect this if you want the DDNS server to update the IP address of the host name(s) automatically. Select this option when there are one or more NAT routers between the WiMAX Modem and the DDNS server.Note: The DDNS server may not be able to detect the proper IP address if there is an HTTP proxy server between the WiMAX Modem and the DDNS server.Use specified IP address Select this if you want to use the specified IP address with the host name(s). Then, specify the IP address. Use this option if you have a static IP address.Apply Click to save your changes.Reset Click to restore your previously saved settings.Table 32 ADVANCED > System Configuration > Dynamic DNS (continued)LABEL DESCRIPTION
Chapter 9 The System Configuration ScreensUser’s Guide 105The following table describes the labels in this screen.9.4.1 The Firmware Upload ProcessWhen the WiMAX Modem uploads new firmware, the process usually takes about two minutes. The device also automatically restarts in this time. This causes a temporary network disconnect.Note: Do not turn off the device while firmware upload is in progress!After two minutes, log in again, and check your new firmware version in the Status screen. You might have to open a new browser window to log in.If the upload is not successful, you will be notified by error message.Click Return to go back to the Firmware screen.Table 33 ADVANCED > System Configuration > FirmwareLABEL DESCRIPTIONFile Path Enter the location of the *.bin file you want to upload, or click Browse... to find it. You must decompress compressed (.zip) files before you can upload them.Browse... Click this to find the *.bin file you want to upload.Upload Click this to begin uploading the selected file. This may take up to two minutes.Note: Do not turn off the device while firmware upload is in progress!
Chapter 9 The System Configuration ScreensUser’s Guide1069.5 ConfigurationClick ADVANCED > System Configuration > Configuration to back up or restore the configuration of the WiMAX Modem. You can also use this screen to reset the WiMAX Modem to the factory default settings.Figure 43 ADVANCED > System Configuration > ConfigurationThe following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 34 ADVANCED > System Configuration > ConfigurationLABEL DESCRIPTIONBackup ConfigurationBackup Click this to save the WiMAX Modem’s current configuration to a file on your computer. Once your device is configured and functioning properly, it is highly recommended that you back up your configuration file before making configuration changes. The backup configuration file is useful if you need to return to your previous settings.Restore ConfigurationFile Path Enter the location of the file you want to upload, or click Browse... to find it.Browse Click this to find the file you want to upload.Upload Click this to restore the selected configuration file.Note: Do not turn off the device while configuration file upload is in progress.Back to Factory DefaultsReset Click this to clear all user-entered configuration information and return the WiMAX Modem to its factory defaults. There is no warning screen.
Chapter 9 The System Configuration ScreensUser’s Guide 1079.5.1 The Restore Configuration ProcessWhen the WiMAX Modem restores a configuration file, the device automatically restarts. This causes a temporary network disconnect. Note: Do not turn off the device while configuration file upload is in progress.If the WiMAX Modem’s IP address is different in the configuration file you selected, you may need to change the IP address of your computer to be in the same subnet as that of the default management IP address (192.168.5.1). See the Quick Start Guide or the appendices for details on how to set up your computer’s IP address.You might have to open a new browser to log in again.If the upload was not successful, you are notified by Configuration Upload Error message:Click Return to go back to the Configuration screen.9.6 RestartClick ADVANCED > System Configuration > Restart to reboot the WiMAX Modem without turning the power off.Note: Restarting the WiMAX Modem does not affect its configuration.Figure 44 ADVANCED > System Configuration > RestartThe following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 35 ADVANCED > System Configuration > FirmwareLABEL DESCRIPTIONRestart Click this button to have the device perform a software restart. The Power LED blinks as it restarts and the shines steadily if the restart is successful.Note: Wait one minute before logging back into the WiMAX Modem after a restart.
Chapter 9 The System Configuration ScreensUser’s Guide1089.6.1 The Restart Process When you click Restart, the the process usually takes about two minutes. Once the restart is complete you can log in again.
109PART IVVoice ScreensThe Service Configuration Screens (111)The Phone Screens (129)The Phone Book Screens (139)
110
User’s Guide 111CHAPTER 10 The Service ConfigurationScreens10.1 OverviewThe VOICE > Service Configuration screens allow you to set up your voice accounts and configure your QoS settings.VoIP (Voice over IP) is the sending of voice signals over the Internet Protocol. This allows you to make phone calls and send faxes over the Internet at a fraction of the cost of using the traditional circuit-switched telephone network. You can also use servers to run telephone service applications like PBX services and voice mail. Internet Telephony Service Provider (ITSP) companies provide VoIP service. A company could alternatively set up an IP-PBX and provide it’s own VoIP service.Circuit-switched telephone networks require 64 kilobits per second (kbps) in each direction to handle a telephone call. VoIP can use advanced voice coding techniques with compression to reduce the required bandwidth.10.1.1 What You Can Do in This Chapter•The SIP Settings screen (Section 10.2 on page 113) lets you setup and maintain your SIP account(s) in the WiMAX Modem.•The Advanced SIP Settings screen (Section 10.2.1 on page 115) lets you set up and maintain advanced settings for each SIP account•The QoS screen (Section 10.3 on page 122) lets you set up and maintain ToS and VLAN settings for the WiMAX Modem.10.1.2 What You Need to KnowThe following terms and concepts may help as you read through this chapter.SIPThe Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) is an application-layer control (signaling) protocol that handles the setting up, altering and tearing down of voice and
Chapter 10 The Service Configuration ScreensUser’s Guide112multimedia sessions over the Internet. SIP signaling is separate from the media for which it handles sessions. The media that is exchanged during the session can use a different path from that of the signaling. SIP handles telephone calls and can interface with traditional circuit-switched telephone networks.SIP IdentitiesA SIP account uses an identity (sometimes referred to as a SIP address). A complete SIP identity is called a SIP URI (Uniform Resource Identifier). A SIP account's URI identifies the SIP account in a way similar to the way an e-mail address identifies an e-mail account. The format of a SIP identity is SIP-Number@SIP-Service-Domain.SIP NumberThe SIP number is the part of the SIP URI that comes before the “@” symbol. A SIP number can use letters like in an e-mail address (johndoe@your-ITSP.com for example) or numbers like a telephone number (1122334455@VoIP-provider.com for example).SIP Service DomainThe SIP service domain of the VoIP service provider (the company that lets you make phone calls over the Internet) is the domain name in a SIP URI. For example, if the SIP address is 1122334455@VoIP-provider.com, then “VoIP-provider.com” is the SIP service domain.SIP Register ServerA SIP register server maintains a database of SIP identity-to-IP address (or domain name) mapping. The register server checks your user name and password when you register. RTPWhen you make a VoIP call using SIP, the RTP (Real time Transport Protocol) is used to handle voice data transfer. See RFC 1889 for details on RTP.Use NATIf you know the NAT router’s public IP address and SIP port number, you can use the Use NAT feature to manually configure the WiMAX Modem to use a them in the SIP messages. This eliminates the need for STUN or a SIP ALG. You must also configure the NAT router to forward traffic with this port number to the WiMAX Modem.
Chapter 10 The Service Configuration ScreensUser’s Guide 11310.1.3 Before you Begin• Ensure that you have all of your voice account information on hand. If not, contact your voice account service provider to find out which settings in this chapter you should configure in order to use your telephone with the WiMAX Modem.• Connect your WiMAX Modem to the Internet, as described in the Quick Start Guide. If you have not already done so, then you will not be able to test your VoIP settings.10.2 SIP SettingsClick VOICE > Service Configuration > SIP Setting to setup and maintain your SIP account(s) in the WiMAX Modem. Your VoIP or Internet service provider should provide you with your account information. You can also enable and disable each SIP account.Figure 45 VOICE > Service Configuration > SIP Setting
Chapter 10 The Service Configuration ScreensUser’s Guide114The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 36 VOICE > Service Configuration > SIP SettingLABEL DESCRIPTIONSIP Account Select the SIP account you want to see in this screen. If you change this field, the screen automatically refreshes.SIP SettingsActive SIP Account Select this if you want the WiMAX Modem to use this account. Clear it if you do not want the WiMAX Modem to use this account.Number Enter your SIP number. In the full SIP URI, this is the part before the @ symbol. You can use up to 127 printable ASCII characters.SIP Local Port Enter the WiMAX Modem’s listening port number, if your VoIP service provider gave you one. Otherwise, keep the default value.SIP Server Address Enter the IP address or domain name of the SIP server provided by your VoIP service provider. You can use up to 95 printable ASCII characters. It does not matter whether the SIP server is a proxy, redirect or register server.SIP Server Port Enter the SIP server’s listening port number, if your VoIP service provider gave you one. Otherwise, keep the default value.REGISTER Server AddressEnter the IP address or domain name of the SIP register server, if your VoIP service provider gave you one. Otherwise, enter the same address you entered in the SIP Server Address field. You can use up to 95 printable ASCII characters.REGISTER Server Port Enter the SIP register server’s listening port number, if your VoIP service provider gave you one. Otherwise, enter the same port number you entered in the SIP Server Port field.SIP Service Domain Enter the SIP service domain name. In the full SIP URI, this is the part after the @ symbol. You can use up to 127 printable ASCII Extended set characters.Send Caller ID Select this if you want to send identification when you make VoIP phone calls. Clear this if you do not want to send identification.AuthenticationUser Name Enter the user name for registering this SIP account, exactly as it was given to you. You can use up to 95 printable ASCII characters.Password Enter the user name for registering this SIP account, exactly as it was given to you. You can use up to 95 printable ASCII Extended set characters.Apply Click to save your changes.Reset Click to restore your previously saved settings.Advanced Click this to edit the advanced settings for this SIP account. The Advanced SIP Settings screen appears.
Chapter 10 The Service Configuration ScreensUser’s Guide 11510.2.1 Advanced SIP SettingsThis section describes the features of the Advanced SIP settings screen.10.2.1.1 STUNSTUN (Simple Traversal of User Datagram Protocol (UDP) through Network Address Translators) allows the WiMAX Modem to find the presence and types of NAT routers and/or firewalls between it and the public Internet. STUN also allows the WiMAX Modem to find the public IP address that NAT assigned, so the WiMAX Modem can embed it in the SIP data stream. STUN does not work with symmetric NAT routers or firewalls. See RFC 3489 for details on STUN.The following figure shows how STUN works. 1The WiMAX Modem (A) sends SIP packets to the STUN server (B).2The STUN server (B) finds the public IP address and port number that the NAT router used on the WiMAX Modem’s SIP packets and sends them to the WiMAX Modem.3The WiMAX Modem uses the public IP address and port number in the SIP packets that it sends to the SIP server (C).Figure 46 STUN Example10.2.1.2 Outbound ProxyYour VoIP service provider may host a SIP outbound proxy server to handle all of the WiMAX Modem’s VoIP traffic. This allows the WiMAX Modem to work with any type of NAT router and eliminates the need for STUN or a SIP ALG. Turn off a SIP ALG on a NAT router in front of the WiMAX Modem to keep it from re-translating the IP address (since this is already handled by the outbound proxy server).10.2.1.3 Voice CodingA codec (coder/decoder) codes analog voice signals into digital signals and decodes the digital signals back into voice signals. The WiMAX Modem supports the following codecs.ABCNAT1
Chapter 10 The Service Configuration ScreensUser’s Guide116•G.711 is a Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) waveform codec. PCM measures analog signal amplitudes at regular time intervals (sampling) and converts them into digital bits (quantization). Quantization “reads” the analog signal and then “writes” it to the nearest digital value. For this reason, a digital sample is usually slightly different from its analog original (this difference is known as “quantization noise”). G.711 provides excellent sound quality but requires 64kbps of bandwidth.•G.723 is an Adaptive Differential Pulse Code Modulation (ADPCM) waveform codec. Differential (or Delta) PCM is similar to PCM, but encodes the audio signal based on the difference between one sample and a prediction based on previous samples, rather than encoding the sample’s actual quantized value. Many thousands of samples are taken each second, and the differences between consecutive samples are usually quite small, so this saves space and reduces the bandwidth necessary. However, DPCM produces a high quality signal (high signal-to-noise ratio or SNR) for high difference signals (where the actual signal is very different from what was predicted) but a poor quality signal (low SNR) for low difference signals (where the actual signal is very similar to what was predicted). This is because the level of quantization noise is the same at all signal levels. Adaptive DPCM solves this problem by adapting the difference signal’s level of quantization according to the audio signal’s strength. A low difference signal is given a higher quantization level, increasing its signal-to-noise ratio. This provides a similar sound quality at all signal levels. G.723 provides high quality sound and requires 20 or 40 kbps.•G.729 is an Analysis-by-Synthesis (AbS) hybrid waveform codec. It uses a filter based on information about how the human vocal tract produces sounds. The codec analyzes the incoming voice signal and attempts to synthesize it using its list of voice elements. It tests the synthesized signal against the original and, if it is acceptable, transmits details of the voice elements it used to make the synthesis. Because the codec at the receiving end has the same list, it can exactly recreate the synthesized audio signal.G.729 provides good sound quality and reduces the required bandwidth to 8kbps.10.2.1.4 MWI (Message Waiting Indication)Enable Message Waiting Indication (MWI) enables your phone to give you a message–waiting (beeping) dial tone when you have one or more voice messages. Your VoIP service provider must have a messaging system that sends message-waiting-status SIP packets as defined in RFC 3842.
Chapter 10 The Service Configuration ScreensUser’s Guide 11710.2.1.5 Advanced SIP Settings OptionsClick Advanced in VOICE > Service Configuration > SIP Settings to set up and maintain advanced settings for each SIP account.Figure 47 VOICE > Service Configuration > SIP Settings > AdvancedThe following table describes the labels in this screen.Table 37 VOICE > Service Configuration > SIP Settings > AdvancedLABEL DESCRIPTIONSIP Server SettingsURL Type Select whether or not to include the SIP service domain name when the WiMAX Modem sends the SIP number.•SIP - include the SIP service domain name•TEL - do not include the SIP service domain name
Chapter 10 The Service Configuration ScreensUser’s Guide118Expiration Duration Enter the number of seconds your SIP account is registered with the SIP register server before it is deleted. The WiMAX Modem automatically tries to re-register your SIP account when one-half of this time has passed. (The SIP register server might have a different expiration.)Register Re-send timer Enter the number of seconds the WiMAX Modem waits before it tries again to register the SIP account, if the first try failed or if there is no response.Session Expires Enter the number of seconds the conversation can last before the call is automatically disconnected. Usually, when one-half of this time has passed, the WiMAX Modem or the other party updates this timer to prevent this from happening.Min-SE Enter the minimum number of seconds the WiMAX Modem accepts for a session expiration time when it receives a request to start a SIP session. If the request has a shorter time, the WiMAX Modem rejects it.RTP Port RangeStart PortEnd PortEnter the listening port number(s) for RTP traffic, if your VoIP service provider gave you this information. Otherwise, keep the default values.To enter one port number, enter the port number in the Start Port and End Port fields.To enter a range of ports:• Type the port number at the beginning of the range in the Start Port field• Type the port number at the end of the range in the End Port field.Voice CompressionPrimary, Secondary, and Third CompressionSelect the type of voice coder/decoder (codec) that you want the WiMAX Modem to use. G.711 provides high voice quality but requires more bandwidth (64 kbps).•G.711A is typically used in Europe.•G.711u is typically used in North America and Japan.•G.723 provides good voice quality, and requires 20 or 40 kbps.•G.729 requires only 8 kbps.The WiMAX Modem must use the same codec as the peer. When two SIP devices start a SIP session, they must agree on a codec.For more on voice compression, see Voice Coding on page 115DTMF Mode Control how the WiMAX Modem handles the tones that your telephone makes when you push its buttons. You should use the same mode your VoIP service provider uses.•RFC 2833 - send the DTMF tones in RTP packets•PCM - send the DTMF tones in the voice data stream. This method works best when you are using a codec that does not use compression (like G.711). Codecs that use compression (like G.729) can distort the tones.•SIP INFO - send the DTMF tones in SIP messagesTable 37 VOICE > Service Configuration > SIP Settings > Advanced (continued)LABEL DESCRIPTION
Chapter 10 The Service Configuration ScreensUser’s Guide 119STUNActive Select this if all of the following conditions are satisfied.• There is a NAT router between the WiMAX Modem and the SIP server.• The NAT router is not a SIP ALG.• Your VoIP service provider gave you an IP address or domain name for a STUN server.• Otherwise, clear this field.Server Address Enter the IP address or domain name of the STUN server provided by your VoIP service provider.Server Port Enter the STUN server’s listening port, if your VoIP service provider gave you one. Otherwise, keep the default value.Use NATActive Select this if you want the WiMAX Modem to send SIP traffic to a specific NAT router. You must also configure the NAT router to forward traffic with the specified port to the WiMAX Modem. This eliminates the need for STUN or a SIP ALG.Server Address Enter the public IP address or domain name of the NAT router.Server Port Enter the port number that your SIP sessions use with the public IP address of the NAT router.Outbound ProxyActive Select this if your VoIP service provider has a SIP outbound server to handle voice calls. This allows the WiMAX Modem to work with any type of NAT router and eliminates the need for STUN or a SIP ALG. Turn off any SIP ALG on a NAT router in front of the WiMAX Modem to keep it from re-translating the IP address (since this is already handled by the outbound proxy server).Server Address Enter the IP address or domain name of the SIP outbound proxy server. Server Port Enter the SIP outbound proxy server’s listening port, if your VoIP service provider gave you one. Otherwise, keep the default value.NAT Keep AliveActive Select this to stop NAT routers between the WiMAX Modem and SIP server (a SIP proxy server or outbound proxy server) from dropping the SIP session. The WiMAX Modem does this by sending SIP notify messages to the SIP server based on the specified interval.Keep Alive with SIP Proxy Select this if the SIP server is a SIP proxy server.Keep Alive with Outbound Proxy Select this if the SIP server is an outbound proxy server. You must enable Outbound Proxy to use this.Keep Alive Interval Enter how often (in seconds) the WiMAX Modem should send SIP notify messages to the SIP server.MWI (Message Waiting Indication)Enable Select this if you want to hear a waiting (beeping) dial tone on your phone when you have at least one voice message. Your VoIP service provider must support this feature.Table 37 VOICE > Service Configuration > SIP Settings > Advanced (continued)LABEL DESCRIPTION
Chapter 10 The Service Configuration ScreensUser’s Guide12010.2.1.6 Custom Tones (IVR)IVR (Interactive Voice Response) is a feature that allows you to use your telephone to interact with the WiMAX Modem. The WiMAX Modem allows you to record custom tones for the Caller Ringing Tone and On Hold Tone functions. The same recordings apply to both the caller ringing and on hold tones. Expiration Time Keep the default value, unless your VoIP service provider tells you to change it. Enter the number of seconds the SIP server should provide the message waiting service each time the WiMAX Modem subscribes to the service. Before this time passes, the WiMAX Modem automatically subscribes again.Fax OptionG.711 Fax Passthrough Select this if the WiMAX Modem should use G.711 to send fax messages. The peer devices must also use G.711.T.38 Fax Relay Select this if the WiMAX Modem should send fax messages as UDP or TCP/IP packets through IP networks. This provides better quality, but it may have inter-operability problems. The peer devices must also use T.38.Call ForwardCall Forward Table Select which call forwarding table you want the WiMAX Modem to use for incoming calls. You set up these tables in VOICE > Phone Book > Incoming Call Policy.Caller RingingEnable Check this box if you want people to hear a customized recording when they call you. Caller Ringing Tone Select the tone you want people to hear when they call you. See Custom Tones (IVR) on page 120 for information on how to record these tones.On HoldEnable Check this box if you want people to hear a customized recording when you put them on hold. On Hold Tone Select the tone you want people to hear when you put them on hold. See Custom Tones (IVR) on page 120 for information on how to record these tones.Back Click this to return to the SIP Settings screen without saving your changes.Apply Click to save your changes.Reset Click to restore your previously saved settings.Table 37 VOICE > Service Configuration > SIP Settings > Advanced (continued)LABEL DESCRIPTIONTable 38 Custom Tones DetailsLABEL DESCRIPTIONTotal Time for All Tones 128 seconds for all custom tones combined
Chapter 10 The Service Configuration ScreensUser’s Guide 121Use the following steps if you would like to create new tones or change your tones: 1Pick up the phone and press **** on your phone’s keypad and wait for the message that says you are in the configuration menu. 2Press a number from 1101~1108 on your phone followed by the # key.3Play your desired music or voice recording into the receiver’s mouthpiece. Press the # key.4You can continue to add, listen to, or delete tones, or you can hang up the receiver when you are done.Do the following to listen to a custom tone:1Pick up the phone and press **** on your phone’s keypad and wait for the message that says you are in the configuration menu.2Press a number from 1201~1208 followed by the # key to listen to the tone.3You can continue to add, listen to, or delete tones, or you can hang up the receiver when you are done.Do the following to delete a custom tone:1Pick up the phone and press **** on your phone’s keypad and wait for the message that says you are in the configuration menu.2Press a number from 1301~1308 followed by the # key to delete the tone of your choice. Press 14 followed by the # key if you wish to clear all your custom tones.3You can continue to add, listen to, or delete tones, or you can hang up the receiver when you are done.Maximum Time per Individual Tone 20 secondsTotal Number of Tones Recordable 8You can record up to eight different custom tones but the total time must be 128 seconds or less. Table 38 Custom Tones DetailsLABEL DESCRIPTION
Chapter 10 The Service Configuration ScreensUser’s Guide12210.3 QoSNetwork traffic can be classified by setting the ToS (Type Of Service) values at the data source (for example, at the WiMAX Modem) so a server can decide the best method of delivery, that is the least cost, fastest route and so on.Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN) allows a physical network to be partitioned into multiple logical networks. Only stations within the same group can communicate with each other. Your WiMAX Modem can add IEEE 802.1Q VLAN ID tags to voice frames that it sends to the network. This allows the WiMAX Modem to communicate with a SIP server that is a member of the same VLAN group. Some ISPs use the VLAN tag to identify voice traffic and give it priority over other traffic.Click VOICE > Service Configuration > QoS to set up and maintain ToS and VLAN settings for the WiMAX Modem. QoS (Quality of Service) refers to both a network's ability to deliver data with minimum delay and the networking methods used to provide bandwidth for real-time multimedia applications.Figure 48 VOICE > Service Configuration > QoSThe following table describes the labels in this screen.Table 39 VOICE > Service Configuration > QoSLABEL DESCRIPTIONTDSSIP TOS Priority Setting Enter the priority for SIP voice transmissions. The WiMAX Modem creates Type of Service priority tags with this priority to voice traffic that it transmits.RTP TOS Priority Setting Enter the priority for RTP voice transmissions. The WiMAX Modem creates Type of Service priority tags with this priority to RTP traffic that it transmits.VLAN Tagging
Chapter 10 The Service Configuration ScreensUser’s Guide 12310.4 Technical ReferenceThe following section contains additional technical information about the WiMAX Modem features described in this chapter.10.4.1 SIP Call ProgressionThe following figure displays the basic steps in the setup and tear down of a SIP call. A calls B. 1A sends a SIP INVITE request to B. This message is an invitation for B to participate in a SIP telephone call. 2B sends a response indicating that the telephone is ringing.3B sends an OK response after the call is answered. 4A then sends an ACK message to acknowledge that B has answered the call. 5Now A and B exchange voice media (talk). Voice VLAN ID Select this if the WiMAX Modem has to be a member of a VLAN to communicate with the SIP server. Ask your network administrator, if you are not sure. Enter the VLAN ID provided by your network administrator in the field on the right. Your LAN and gateway must be configured to use VLAN tags.Otherwise, clear this field.Apply Click to save your changes.Reset Click to restore your previously saved settings.Table 39 VOICE > Service Configuration > QoSLABEL DESCRIPTIONTable 40 SIP Call ProgressionA B1. INVITE2. Ringing3. OK4. ACK 5.Dialogue (voice traffic)6. BYE7. OK
Chapter 10 The Service Configuration ScreensUser’s Guide1246After talking, A hangs up and sends a BYE request. 7B replies with an OK response confirming receipt of the BYE request and the call is terminated.10.4.2 SIP Client ServerSIP is a client-server protocol. A SIP client is an application program or device that sends SIP requests. A SIP server responds to the SIP requests. When you use SIP to make a VoIP call, it originates at a client and terminates at a server. A SIP client could be a computer or a SIP phone. One device can act as both a SIP client and a SIP server. 10.4.3 SIP User Agent A SIP user agent can make and receive VoIP telephone calls. This means that SIP can be used for peer-to-peer communications even though it is a client-server protocol. In the following figure, either A or B can act as a SIP user agent client to initiate a call. A and B can also both act as a SIP user agent to receive the call.Figure 49 SIP User Agent10.4.4 SIP Proxy ServerA SIP proxy server receives requests from clients and forwards them to another server.In the following example, you want to use client device A to call someone who is using client device C. 1The client device (A in the figure) sends a call invitation to the SIP proxy server (B).AB
Chapter 10 The Service Configuration ScreensUser’s Guide 1252The SIP proxy server forwards the call invitation to C.Figure 50 SIP Proxy Server10.4.5 SIP Redirect ServerA SIP redirect server accepts SIP requests, translates the destination address to an IP address and sends the translated IP address back to the device that sent the request. Then the client device that originally sent the request can send requests to the IP address that it received back from the redirect server. Redirect servers do not initiate SIP requests. In the following example, you want to use client device A to call someone who is using client device C. 1Client device A sends a call invitation for C to the SIP redirect server (B).2The SIP redirect server sends the invitation back to A with C’s IP address (or domain name).ACB12
Chapter 10 The Service Configuration ScreensUser’s Guide1263Client device A then sends the call invitation to client device C.Figure 51 SIP Redirect Server10.4.6 NAT and SIPThe WiMAX Modem must register its public IP address with a SIP register server. If there is a NAT router between the WiMAX Modem and the SIP register server, the WiMAX Modem probably has a private IP address. The WiMAX Modem lists its IP address in the SIP message that it sends to the SIP register server. NAT does not translate this IP address in the SIP message. The SIP register server gets the WiMAX Modem’s IP address from inside the SIP message and maps it to your SIP identity. If the WiMAX Modem has a private IP address listed in the SIP message, the SIP server cannot map it to your SIP identity. See Chapter 8 The NAT Configuration Screens for more information.Use a SIP ALG (Application Layer Gateway), Use NAT, STUN, or outbound proxy to allow the WiMAX Modem to list its public IP address in the SIP messages.10.4.7 DiffServDiffServ is a class of service (CoS) model that marks packets so that they receive specific per-hop treatment at DiffServ-compliant network devices along the route based on the application types and traffic flow. Packets are marked with DiffServ Code Points (DSCPs) indicating the level of service desired. This allows the intermediary DiffServ-compliant network devices to handle the packets differently depending on the code points without the need to negotiate paths or remember state information for every flow. In addition, applications do not have to request a particular service or give advanced notice of where the traffic is going.ACB132
Chapter 10 The Service Configuration ScreensUser’s Guide 12710.4.8 DSCP and Per-Hop Behavior DiffServ defines a new DS (Differentiated Services) field to replace the Type of Service (TOS) field in the IP header. The DS field contains a 2-bit unused field and a 6-bit DSCP field which can define up to 64 service levels. The following figure illustrates the DS field. Figure 52 DiffServ: Differentiated Service FieldDSCP is backward compatible with the three precedence bits in the ToS octet so that non-DiffServ compliant, ToS-enabled network device will not conflict with the DSCP mapping. The DSCP value determines the forwarding behavior, the PHB (Per-Hop Behavior), that each packet gets across the DiffServ network. Based on the marking rule, different kinds of traffic can be marked for different priorities of forwarding. Resources can then be allocated according to the DSCP values and the configured policies.DSCP(6-bit)Unused(2-bit)
Chapter 10 The Service Configuration ScreensUser’s Guide128
User’s Guide 129CHAPTER 11 The Phone Screens11.1 OverviewUse the VOICE > Phone screens to configure the volume, echo cancellation, VAD settings and custom tones for the phone port on the WiMAX Modem. You can also select which SIP account to use for making outgoing calls.11.1.1 What You Can Do in This Chapter•The Analog Phone screen (Section 11.2 on page 130) lets you control which SIP accounts each phone uses.•The Common screen (Section 11.3 on page 132) lets you activate and deactivate immediate dialing.•The Region screen (Section 11.4 on page 133) lets you maintain settings that often depend on the region of the world in which the WiMAX Modem is located.11.1.2 What You Need to KnowThe following terms and concepts may help as you read through this chapter.Voice Activity Detection/Silence Suppression/Comfort NoiseVoice Activity Detection (VAD) detects whether or not speech is present. This lets the WiMAX Modem reduce the bandwidth that a call uses by not transmitting “silent packets” when you are not speaking.When using VAD, the WiMAX Modem generates comfort noise when the other party is not speaking. The comfort noise lets you know that the line is still connected as total silence could easily be mistaken for a lost connection.Echo Cancellation G.168 is an ITU-T standard for eliminating the echo caused by the sound of your voice reverberating in the telephone receiver while you talk.
Chapter 11 The Phone ScreensUser’s Guide130Supplementary Phone Services OverviewSupplementary services such as call hold, call waiting, call transfer, etc. are generally available from your VoIP service provider. The WiMAX Modem supports the following services:• Call Hold• Call Waiting• Making a Second Call• Call Transfer• Call Forwarding• Three-Way Conference•Internal Calls• Caller ID• CLIP (Calling Line Identification Presentation)• CLIR (Calling Line Identification Restriction)Note: To take full advantage of the supplementary phone services available though the WiMAX Modem's phone port, you may need to subscribe to the services from your VoIP service provider.11.2 Analog PhoneClick VOICE > Phone > Analog Phone to control which SIP accounts each phone uses.Figure 53 VOICE > Phone > Analog Phone
Chapter 11 The Phone ScreensUser’s Guide 131The following table describes the labels in this screen.11.2.1 Advanced Analog Phone SetupClick the Advanced button in VOICE > Phone > Analog Phone to edit advanced settings for each phone port.Figure 54 VOICE > Phone > Analog Phone > AdvancedTable 41 VOICE > Phone > Analog PhoneLABEL DESCRIPTIONPhone Port Settings Select the phone port you want to see in this screen. If you change this field, the screen automatically refreshes.Phone Port Settings Displays the phone port number.Outgoing Call UseSIP1 Select this if you want this phone port to use the SIP1 account when it makes calls. If you select both SIP accounts, the WiMAX Modem tries to use SIP2 first.Incoming Call apply toSIP1 Select this if you want to receive phone calls for the SIP1 account on this phone port. If you select more than one source for incoming calls, there is no way to distinguish between them when you receive phone calls.Apply Click to save your changes.Reset Click to restore your previously saved settings.Advanced Setup Click this to edit the advanced settings for this phone port. The Advanced Analog Phone Setup screen appears.
Chapter 11 The Phone ScreensUser’s Guide132The following table describes the labels in this screen.11.3 CommonClick VOICE > Phone > Common to activate and deactivate immediate dialing.Figure 55 VOICE > Phone > CommonTable 42 VOICE > Phone > Analog Phone > AdvancedLABEL DESCRIPTIONVoice Volume ControlSpeaking Volume Enter the loudness that the WiMAX Modem uses for speech that it sends to the peer device. -14 is the quietest, and 14 is the loudest.Listening Volume Enter the loudness that the WiMAX Modem uses for speech that it receives from the peer device. -14 is the quietest, and 14 is the loudest.Echo CancellationG.168 Active Select this if you want to eliminate the echo caused by the sound of your voice reverberating in the telephone receiver while you talk.Dialing Interval SelectDialing Interval Select Enter the number of seconds the WiMAX Modem should wait after you stop dialing numbers before it makes the phone call. The value depends on how quickly you dial phone numbers.If you select Active Immediate Dial in VOICE > Phone > Common, you can press the pound key (#) to tell the WiMAX Modem to make the phone call immediately, regardless of this setting.VAD Support Select this if the WiMAX Modem should stop transmitting when you are not speaking. This reduces the bandwidth the WiMAX Modem uses.Back Click this to return to the Analog Phone screen without saving your changes.Apply Click to save your changes.Reset Click to restore your previously saved settings.
Chapter 11 The Phone ScreensUser’s Guide 133The following table describes the labels in this screen.11.4 RegionClick VOICE > Phone > Region to maintain settings that often depend on the region of the world in which the WiMAX Modem is located.Figure 56 VOICE > Phone > RegionThe following table describes the labels in this screen.Table 43 VOICE > Phone > CommonLABEL DESCRIPTIONActive Immediate Dial Select this if you want to use the pound key (#) to tell the WiMAX Modem to make the phone call immediately, instead of waiting the number of seconds you selected in the Dialing Interval Select in VOICE > Phone > Analog Phone.If you select this, dial the phone number, and then press the pound key if you do not want to wait. The WiMAX Modem makes the call immediately. Apply Click to save your changes.Reset Click to restore your previously saved settings.Table 44 VOICE > Phone > RegionLABEL DESCRIPTIONRegion Settings Select the place in which the WiMAX Modem is located. Do not select Default.Call Service Mode Select the mode for supplementary phone services (call hold, call waiting, call transfer and three-way conference calls) that your VoIP service provider supports.•Europe Type - use supplementary phone services in European mode•USA Type - use supplementary phone services American modeYou might have to subscribe to these services to use them. Contact your VoIP service provider.Apply Click to save your changes.Reset Click to restore your previously saved settings.
Chapter 11 The Phone ScreensUser’s Guide13411.5 Technical ReferenceThe following section contains additional technical information about the WiMAX Modem features described in this chapter.11.5.1 The Flash KeyFlashing means to press the hook for a short period of time (a few hundred milliseconds) before releasing it. On newer telephones, there should be a "flash" key (button) that generates the signal electronically. If the flash key is not available, you can tap (press and immediately release) the hook by hand to achieve the same effect. However, using the flash key is preferred since the timing is much more precise. The WiMAX Modem may interpret manual tapping as hanging up if the duration is too longYou can invoke all the supplementary services by using the flash key. 11.5.2 Europe Type Supplementary Phone ServicesThis section describes how to use supplementary phone services with the Europe Type Call Service Mode. Commands for supplementary services are listed in the table below.After pressing the flash key, if you do not issue the sub-command before the default sub-command timeout (2 seconds) expires or issue an invalid sub-command, the current operation will be aborted.European Call Hold allows you to put a call (A) on hold by pressing the flash key. Table 45 European Type Flash Key CommandsCOMMAND SUB-COMMAND DESCRIPTIONFlash Put a current call on hold to place a second call.Switch back to the call (if there is no second call).Flash 0 Drop the call presently on hold or reject an incoming call which is waiting for answer.Flash 1 Disconnect the current phone connection and answer the incoming call or resume with caller presently on hold.Flash 2 1. Switch back and forth between two calls.2. Put a current call on hold to answer an incoming call.3. Separate the current three-way conference call into two individual calls (one is on-line, the other is on hold).Flash 3 Create three-way conference connection.Flash *98# Transfer the call to another phone.
Chapter 11 The Phone ScreensUser’s Guide 135If you have another call, press the flash key and then “2” to switch back and forth between caller A and B by putting either one on hold.Press the flash key and then “0” to disconnect the call presently on hold and keep the current call on line.Press the flash key and then “1” to disconnect the current call and resume the call on hold.If you hang up the phone but a caller is still on hold, there will be a remind ring.European Call Waiting allows you to place a call on hold while you answer another incoming call on the same telephone (directory) number. If there is a second call to a telephone number, you will hear a call waiting tone. Take one of the following actions.• Reject the second call.Press the flash key and then press “0”.• Disconnect the first call and answer the second call.Either press the flash key and press “1”, or just hang up the phone and then answer the phone after it rings.• Put the first call on hold and answer the second call.Press the flash key and then “2”.European Call Transfer allows you to transfer an incoming call (that you have answered) to another phone. To do so:1Press the flash key to put the caller on hold.2When you hear the dial tone, dial “*98#” followed by the number to which you want to transfer the call. to operate the Intercom.3After you hear the ring signal or the second party answers it, hang up the phone.European Three-Way Conference allows you to make three-way conference calls. To do so:1When you are on the phone talking to someone, place the flash key to put the caller on hold and get a dial tone. 2Dial a phone number directly to make another call.3When the second call is answered, press the flash key and press “3” to create a three-way conversation.
Chapter 11 The Phone ScreensUser’s Guide1364Hang up the phone to drop the connection.5If you want to separate the activated three-way conference into two individual connections (one is on-line, the other is on hold), press the flash key and press “2”.11.5.3 USA Type Supplementary ServicesThis section describes how to use supplementary phone services with the USA Type Call Service Mode. Commands for supplementary services are listed in the table below.After pressing the flash key, if you do not issue the sub-command before the default sub-command timeout (2 seconds) expires or issue an invalid sub-command, the current operation will be aborted.USA Call Hold allows you to put a call (A) on hold by pressing the flash key. If you have another call, press the flash key to switch back and forth between caller A and B by putting either one on hold.If you hang up the phone but a caller is still on hold, there will be a remind ring.USA Call Waiting allows you to place a call on hold while you answer another incoming call on the same telephone (directory) number. If there is a second call to your telephone number, you will hear a call waiting tone. Press the flash key to put the first call on hold and answer the second call.USA Call Transfer allows you to transfer an incoming call (that you have answered) to another phone. To do so:1Press the flash key to put the caller on hold.2When you hear the dial tone, dial “*98#” followed by the number to which you want to transfer the call. to operate the Intercom.Table 46 USA Type Flash Key CommandsCOMMAND SUB-COMMAND DESCRIPTIONFlash Put a current call on hold to place a second call. After the second call is successful, press the flash key again to have a three-way conference call.Put a current call on hold to answer an incoming call.Flash *98# Transfer the call to another phone.
Chapter 11 The Phone ScreensUser’s Guide 1373After you hear the ring signal or the second party answers it, hang up the phone.USA Three-Way Conference allows you to make three-way conference calls. To do so:1When you are making a call, press the flash key to put the call on hold and get a dial tone. 2Dial a phone number to make a second call. 3When the second call is answered, press the flash key to create a three-way conversation. 4If you want to separate the three-way conference into two individual calls (one call is online, the other is on hold), press the flash key. The first call is online and the second call is on hold. Pressing the flash key again will recreate the three-way conversation. The next time you press the flash key, the second call is online and the first call is on hold. 5Hang up the phone to drop the connection.
Chapter 11 The Phone ScreensUser’s Guide138
User’s Guide 139CHAPTER 12 The Phone Book Screens12.1 OverviewThe VOICE > Phone Book screens allow you to configure the WiMAX Modem’s phone book for making VoIP calls.12.1.1 What You Can Do in This Chapter•The Incoming Call Policy screen (Section 12.2 on page 140) lets you maintain rules for handling incoming calls. You can block, redirect, or accept them.•The Speed Dial screen (Section 12.3 on page 142) lets you add, edit, or remove speed-dial entries.12.1.2 What You Need to KnowThe following terms and concepts may help as you read through this chapter.Speed Dial and Peer-to-Peer CallingSpeed dial provides shortcuts for dialing frequently used (VoIP) phone numbers. It is also required if you want to make peer-to-peer calls. In peer-to-peer calls, you call another VoIP device directly without going through a SIP server. In the WiMAX Modem, you must set up a speed dial entry in the phone book in order to do this. Select Non-Proxy (Use IP or URL) in the Type column and enter the callee’s IP address or domain name. The WiMAX Modem sends SIP INVITE requests to the peer VoIP device when you use the speed dial entry.You do not need to configure a SIP account in order to make a peer-to-peer VoIP call.
Chapter 12 The Phone Book ScreensUser’s Guide14012.2 Incoming Call PolicyClick VOICE > Phone Book > Incoming Call Policy to maintain rules for handling incoming calls. You can block, redirect, or accept them.Figure 57 VOICE > Phone Book > Incoming Call PolicyThe following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 47 VOICE > Phone Book > Incoming Call PolicyLABEL DESCRIPTIONTable Number Select the call-forwarding table you want to see in this screen. If you change this field, the screen automatically refreshes.Forward to Number SetupUnconditional Forward to NumberSelect this if you want the WiMAX Modem to forward all incoming calls to the specified phone number, regardless of other rules in the Forward to Number section. Specify the phone number in the field on the right.Busy Forward to Number Select this if you want the WiMAX Modem to forward incoming calls to the specified phone number if the phone port is busy. Specify the phone number in the field on the right. If you have call waiting, the incoming call is forwarded to the specified phone number if you reject or ignore the second incoming call.
Chapter 12 The Phone Book ScreensUser’s Guide 141Note: The WiMAX Modem checks the Advanced rules first before checking the Forward to Number rules. All rules are checked in order from top to bottom.No Answer Forward to NumberSelect this if you want the WiMAX Modem to forward incoming calls to the specified phone number if the call is unanswered. (See No Answer Waiting Time.) Specify the phone number in the field on the right.No Answer Waiting Time This field is used by the No Answer Forward to Number feature and No Answer conditions below.Enter the number of seconds the WiMAX Modem should wait for you to answer an incoming call before it considers the call is unanswered.Advanced Setup# The number of the item in this list.Activate Select this to enable this rule. Clear this to disable this rule.Incoming Call Number Enter the phone number to which this rule applies.Forward to Number Enter the phone number to which you want to forward incoming calls from the Incoming Call Number. You may leave this field blank, depending on the Condition.Condition Select the situations in which you want to forward incoming calls from the Incoming Call Number, or select an alternative action.•Unconditional - The WiMAX Modem immediately forwards any calls from the Incoming Call Number to the Forward to Number.•Busy - The WiMAX Modem forwards any calls from the Incoming Call Number to the Forward to Number when your SIP account already has a call connected.•No Answer - The WiMAX Modem forwards any calls from the Incoming Call Number to the Forward to Number when the call is unanswered. (See No Answer Waiting Time.)•Block - The WiMAX Modem rejects calls from the Incoming Call Number.•Accept - The WiMAX Modem allows calls from the Incoming Call Number. You might create a rule with this condition if you do not want incoming calls from someone to be forwarded by rules in the Forward to Number section.Apply Click to save your changes.Reset Click to restore your previously saved settings.Table 47 VOICE > Phone Book > Incoming Call PolicyLABEL DESCRIPTION
Chapter 12 The Phone Book ScreensUser’s Guide14212.3 Speed DialClick VOICE > Phone Book > Speed Dial to add, edit, or remove speed-dial entries.You must create speed-dial entries if you want to make peer-to-peer calls or call SIP numbers that use letters. You can also create speed-dial entries for frequently-used SIP phone numbers.Figure 58 VOICE > Phone Book > Speed DialThe following table describes the icons in this screen.Table 48 Advanced> LAN Configuration > IP Static RouteICON DESCRIPTIONDeleteClick to delete this item.
Chapter 12 The Phone Book ScreensUser’s Guide 143The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 49 VOICE > Phone Book > Speed DialLABEL DESCRIPTIONSpeed Dial Select the speed-dial number you want to use for this phone number.Number Enter the SIP number you want the WiMAX Modem to call when you dial the speed-dial number.Name Enter a name to identify the party you call when you dial the speed-dial number. You can use up to 127 printable ASCII characters.Type Select Use Proxy if you want to use one of your SIP accounts to call this phone number.Select Non-Proxy (Use IP or URL) if you want to use a different SIP server or if you want to make a peer-to-peer call. In this case, enter the IP address or domain name of the SIP server or the other party in the field below.Add Click to add the new number to the list below.# This is a list of speed dial numbers.Number This is the SIP number the WiMAX Modem calls when you use this speed dial number.Name This is the name of the party associated with this speed-dial number.Type This indicates whether this speed dial number uses a proxy or not when placing a call to the phone number associated with it.Destination This indicates if the speed-dial entry uses one of your SIP accounts or uses the IP address or domain name of the SIP server.Action Click the Delete icon to erase this speed-dial entry.Apply Click to save your changes.Clear Click to clear all fields on the screen and begin anew.
Chapter 12 The Phone Book ScreensUser’s Guide144
145PART VTools & Status ScreensThe Certificates Screens (147)The Firewall Screens (169)Content Filter (179)The Remote Management Screens (183)QoS (195)The Logs Screens (199)The Status Screen (215)
146
User’s Guide 147CHAPTER 13 The Certificates Screens13.1 OverviewUse the TOOLS > Certificates screens to manage public key certificates on the WiMAX Modem.The WiMAX Modem can use public key certificates (also sometimes called “digital IDs”) to authenticate users. Certificates are based on public-private key pairs. A certificate contains the certificate owner’s identity and public key. Certificates provide a way to exchange public keys for use in authentication.Public key certificates are used by web browsers to ensure that a secure web site is legitimate. When a certificate authority such as VeriSign, Comodo, or Network Solutions (to name a few) receives a certificate request from a website operator, they confirm that the web domain and contact information in the request match those on public record with a domain name registrar. If they match, then the certificate is issued to the website operator, who then places it on his site to be issued to all visiting web browsers to let them know that the site is legitimate.13.1.1 What You Can Do in This Chapter•The My Certificates screen (Section 13.2 on page 148) lets you generate and export self-signed certificates or certification requests and import the WiMAX Modem’s CA-signed certificates.•The Trusted CAs screen (Section 13.3 on page 158) lets you display a summary list of certificates of the certification authorities that you have set the WiMAX Modem to accept as trusted.13.1.2 What You Need to KnowThe following terms and concepts may help as you read through this chapter.Certificate AuthoritiesA Certification Authority (CA) issues certificates and guarantees the identity of each certificate owner. There are commercial certification authorities like CyberTrust or VeriSign and government certification authorities. You can use the
Chapter 13 The Certificates ScreensUser’s Guide148WiMAX Modem to generate certification requests that contain identifying information and public keys and then send the certification requests to a certification authority. 13.2 My CertificatesClick TOOLS > Certificates > My Certificates to access this screen. Use this screen to generate and export self-signed certificates or certification requests and import the WiMAX Modem’s CA-signed certificates.Figure 59 TOOLS > Certificates > My Certificates The following table describes the icons in this screen.The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 50 TOOLS > Certificates > My CertificatesICON DESCRIPTIONEditClick to edit this item.ImportClick to import an item.DeleteClick to delete this item.Table 51 TOOLS > Certificates > My CertificatesLABEL DESCRIPTIONPKI Storage Space in Use This bar displays the percentage of the WiMAX Modem’s PKI storage space that is currently in use. When the storage space is almost full, you should consider deleting expired or unnecessary certificates before adding more certificates.# The number of the item in this list.
Chapter 13 The Certificates ScreensUser’s Guide 149Name This field displays the name used to identify this certificate. It is recommended that you give each certificate a unique name. Type This field displays what kind of certificate this is. REQ represents a certification request and is not yet a valid certificate. Send a certification request to a certification authority, which then issues a certificate. Use the My Certificate Import screen to import the certificate and replace the request.SELF represents a self-signed certificate. *SELF represents the default self-signed certificate which signs the imported remote host certificates.CERT represents a certificate issued by a certification authority.Subject This field displays identifying information about the certificate’s owner, such as CN (Common Name), OU (Organizational Unit or department), O (Organization or company) and C (Country). It is recommended that each certificate have unique subject information. Issuer This field displays identifying information about the certificate’s issuing certification authority, such as a common name, organizational unit or department, organization or company and country. With self-signed certificates, this is the same information as in the Subject field.Valid From This field displays the date that the certificate becomes applicable. Valid To This field displays the date that the certificate expires. The text displays in red and includes an Expired! message if the certificate has expired.Action Click the Edit icon to open a screen with an in-depth list of information about the certificate.Click the Export icon to save a copy of the certificate without its private key. Browse to the location you want to use and click Save.Click the Delete icon to remove a certificate. A window displays asking you to confirm that you want to delete the certificate. Subsequent certificates move up by one when you take this action.The WiMAX Modem keeps all of your certificates unless you specifically delete them. Uploading new firmware or default configuration file does not delete your certificates.You cannot delete certificates that any of the WiMAX Modem’s features are configured to use.Import Click to a certificate into the WiMAX Modem.Create Click to go to the screen where you can have the WiMAX Modem generate a certificate or a certification request.Refresh Click to display the current validity status of the certificates.Table 51 TOOLS > Certificates > My Certificates (continued)LABEL DESCRIPTION
Chapter 13 The Certificates ScreensUser’s Guide15013.2.1 My Certificates Create Click TOOLS > Certificates > My Certificates and then the Create icon to open the My Certificates Create screen. Use this screen to have the WiMAX Modem create a self-signed certificate, enroll a certificate with a certification authority or generate a certification request.Figure 60 TOOLS > Certificates > My Certificates > Create
Chapter 13 The Certificates ScreensUser’s Guide 151The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 52 TOOLS > Certificates > My Certificates > CreateLABEL DESCRIPTIONCertificate Name Type a name to identify this certificate. You can use up to 31 alphanumeric and ;‘~!@#$%^&()_+[]{}’,.=- characters.Subject Information Use these fields to record information that identifies the owner of the certificate. You do not have to fill in every field, although the Common Name is mandatory. The certification authority may add fields (such as a serial number) to the subject information when it issues a certificate. It is recommended that each certificate have unique subject information.Common Name Select a radio button to identify the certificate’s owner by IP address, domain name or e-mail address. Type the IP address (in dotted decimal notation), domain name or e-mail address in the field provided. The domain name or e-mail address is for identification purposes only and can be any string.A domain name can be up to 255 characters. You can use alphanumeric characters, the hyphen and periods.An e-mail address can be up to 63 characters. You can use alphanumeric characters, the hyphen, the @ symbol, periods and the underscore.Organizational Unit Identify the organizational unit or department to which the certificate owner belongs. You can use up to 63 characters. You can use alphanumeric characters, the hyphen and the underscore.Organization Identify the company or group to which the certificate owner belongs. You can use up to 63 characters. You can use alphanumeric characters, the hyphen and the underscore.Country Identify the state in which the certificate owner is located. You can use up to 31 characters. You can use alphanumeric characters, the hyphen and the underscore.Key Length Select a number from the drop-down list box to determine how many bits the key should use (512 to 2048). The longer the key, the more secure it is. A longer key also uses more PKI storage space.Enrollment Options These radio buttons deal with how and when the certificate is to be generated.Create a self-signed certificate Select Create a self-signed certificate to have the WiMAX Modem generate the certificate and act as the Certification Authority (CA) itself. This way you do not need to apply to a certification authority for certificates.Create a certification request and save it locally for later manual enrollmentSelect Create a certification request and save it locally for later manual enrollment to have the WiMAX Modem generate and store a request for a certificate. Use the My Certificate Details screen to view the certification request and copy it to send to the certification authority.Copy the certification request from the My Certificate Details screen and then send it to the certification authority.
Chapter 13 The Certificates ScreensUser’s Guide152Create a certification request and enroll for a certificate immediately onlineSelect Create a certification request and enroll for a certificate immediately online to have the WiMAX Modem generate a request for a certificate and apply to a certification authority for a certificate. You must have the certification authority’s certificate already imported in the Trusted CAs screen.When you select this option, you must select the certification authority’s enrollment protocol and the certification authority’s certificate from the drop-down list boxes and enter the certification authority’s server address. You also need to fill in the Reference Number and Key if the certification authority requires them. Enrollment Protocol This field applies when you select Create a certification request and enroll for a certificate immediately online. Select the certification authority’s enrollment protocol from the drop-down list box.Simple Certificate Enrollment Protocol (SCEP) is a TCP-based enrollment protocol that was developed by VeriSign and Cisco.Certificate Management Protocol (CMP) is a TCP-based enrollment protocol that was developed by the Public Key Infrastructure X.509 working group of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) and is specified in RFC 2510.CA Server Address This field applies when you select Create a certification request and enroll for a certificate immediately online. Enter the IP address (or URL) of the certification authority server.For a URL, you can use up to 511 of the following characters. a-zA-Z0-9'()+,/:.=?;!*#@$_%-CA Certificate This field applies when you select Create a certification request and enroll for a certificate immediately online. Select the certification authority’s certificate from the CA Certificate drop-down list box.You must have the certification authority’s certificate already imported in the Trusted CAs screen. Click Trusted CAs to go to the Trusted CAs screen where you can view (and manage) the WiMAX Modem's list of certificates of trusted certification authorities.Request Authentication When you select Create a certification request and enroll for a certificate immediately online, the certification authority may want you to include a reference number and key to identify you when you send a certification request. Fill in both the Reference Number and the Key fields if your certification authority uses CMP enrollment protocol. Just the Key field displays if your certification authority uses the SCEP enrollment protocol. For the reference number, use 0 to 99999999.For the key, use up to 31 of the following characters. a-zA-Z0-9;|`~!@#$%^&*()_+\{}':,./<>=-Table 52 TOOLS > Certificates > My Certificates > CreateLABEL DESCRIPTION
Chapter 13 The Certificates ScreensUser’s Guide 153If you configured the My Certificate Create screen to have the WiMAX Modem enroll a certificate and the certificate enrollment is not successful, you see a screen with a Return button that takes you back to the My Certificate Create screen. Click Return and check your information in the My Certificate Create screen. Make sure that the certification authority information is correct and that your Internet connection is working properly if you want the WiMAX Modem to enroll a certificate online.Apply Click to save your changes.Cancel Click to return to the previous screen without saving your changes.Table 52 TOOLS > Certificates > My Certificates > CreateLABEL DESCRIPTION
Chapter 13 The Certificates ScreensUser’s Guide15413.2.2 My Certificate EditClick TOOLS > Certificates > My Certificates then the Edit icon to access this screen. Use this screen to view in-depth certificate information and change the certificate’s name. Figure 61 TOOLS > Certificates > My Certificates > Edit The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 53 TOOLS > Certificates > My Certificates > EditLABEL DESCRIPTIONName This field displays the identifying name of this certificate. You can use up to 31 alphanumeric and ;‘~!@#$%^&()_+[]{}’,.=- characters.Property Select Default self-signed certificate which signs the imported remote host certificates to use this certificate to sign the remote host certificates you upload in the TOOLS > Certificates > Trusted CAs screen.
Chapter 13 The Certificates ScreensUser’s Guide 155Certification Path This field displays for a certificate, not a certification request.Click the Refresh button to have this read-only text box display the hierarchy of certification authorities that validate the certificate (and the certificate itself).If the issuing certification authority is one that you have imported as a trusted certification authority, it may be the only certification authority in the list (along with the certificate itself). If the certificate is a self-signed certificate, the certificate itself is the only one in the list. The WiMAX Modem does not trust the certificate and displays “Not trusted” in this field if any certificate on the path has expired or been revoked.Refresh Click to display the certification path.Certification InformationType This field displays general information about the certificate. CA-signed means that a Certification Authority signed the certificate. Self-signed means that the certificate’s owner signed the certificate (not a certification authority). “X.509” means that this certificate was created and signed according to the ITU-T X.509 recommendation that defines the formats for public-key certificates.Version This field displays the X.509 version number. “Serial Number This field displays the certificate’s identification number given by the certification authority or generated by the WiMAX Modem.Subject This field displays information that identifies the owner of the certificate, such as Common Name (CN), Organizational Unit (OU), Organization (O) and Country (C).Issuer This field displays identifying information about the certificate’s issuing certification authority, such as Common Name, Organizational Unit, Organization and Country. With self-signed certificates, this is the same as the Subject Name field.“none” displays for a certification request. Signature Algorithm This field displays the type of algorithm that was used to sign the certificate. The WiMAX Modem uses rsa-pkcs1-sha1 (RSA public-private key encryption algorithm and the SHA1 hash algorithm). Some certification authorities may use rsa-pkcs1-md5 (RSA public-private key encryption algorithm and the MD5 hash algorithm).Valid From This field displays the date that the certificate becomes applicable. “none” displays for a certification request. Valid To This field displays the date that the certificate expires. The text displays in red and includes an Expired! message if the certificate has expired. “none” displays for a certification request. Key Algorithm This field displays the type of algorithm that was used to generate the certificate’s key pair (the WiMAX Modem uses RSA encryption) and the length of the key set in bits (1024 bits for example).Subject Alternative Name This field displays the certificate owner‘s IP address (IP), domain name (DNS) or e-mail address (EMAIL). Table 53 TOOLS > Certificates > My Certificates > EditLABEL DESCRIPTION
Chapter 13 The Certificates ScreensUser’s Guide156Key Usage This field displays for what functions the certificate’s key can be used. For example, “DigitalSignature” means that the key can be used to sign certificates and “KeyEncipherment” means that the key can be used to encrypt text.Basic Constraint This field displays general information about the certificate. For example, Subject Type=CA means that this is a certification authority’s certificate and “Path Length Constraint=1” means that there can only be one certification authority in the certificate’s path. This field does not display for a certification request. MD5 Fingerprint This is the certificate’s message digest that the WiMAX Modem calculated using the MD5 algorithm. SHA1 Fingerprint This is the certificate’s message digest that the WiMAX Modem calculated using the SHA1 algorithm. Certificate in PEM (Base-64) Encoded FormatThis read-only text box displays the certificate or certification request in Privacy Enhanced Mail (PEM) format. PEM uses lowercase letters, uppercase letters and numerals to convert the binary certificate into a printable form. You can copy and paste a certification request into a certification authority’s web page, an e-mail that you send to the certification authority or a text editor and save the file on a management computer for later manual enrollment.You can copy and paste a certificate into an e-mail to send to friends or colleagues or you can copy and paste a certificate into a text editor and save the file on a management computer for later distribution (via floppy disk for example).Apply Click to save your changes.Cancel Click to return to the previous screen without saving your changes.Table 53 TOOLS > Certificates > My Certificates > EditLABEL DESCRIPTION
Chapter 13 The Certificates ScreensUser’s Guide 15713.2.3 My Certificate Import Click TOOLS > Certificates > My Certificates > Import to access this screen. Use this screen to import a certificate that matches a corresponding certification request that was generated by the WiMAX Modem. You must remove any spaces from the certificate’s filename before you can import it.Figure 62 TOOLS > Certificates > My Certificates > ImportThe following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 54 TOOLS > Certificates > My Certificates > ImportLABEL DESCRIPTIONFile Path Type in the location of the file you want to upload in this field or click Browse to find it.You cannot import a certificate with the same name as a certificate that is already in the WiMAX Modem.Browse Click to find the certificate file you want to upload. Apply Click to save your changes.Cancel Click to return to the previous screen without saving your changes.
Chapter 13 The Certificates ScreensUser’s Guide15813.3 Trusted CAsClick TOOLS > Certificates > Trusted CAs access this screen. Use this screen to display a summary list of certificates of the certification authorities that you have set the WiMAX Modem to accept as trusted. The WiMAX Modem accepts any valid certificate signed by a certification authority on this list as being trustworthy; thus you do not need to import any certificate that is signed by one of these certification authorities. Figure 63 TOOLS > Certificates > Trusted CAsThe following table describes the icons in this screen.The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 55 TOOLS > Certificates > Trusted CAsICON DESCRIPTIONEditClick to edit this item.ExportClick to export an item.DeleteClick to delete this item.Table 56 TOOLS > Certificates > Trusted CAsLABEL DESCRIPTIONPKI Storage Space in Use This bar displays the percentage of the WiMAX Modem’s PKI storage space that is currently in use. When the storage space is almost full, you should consider deleting expired or unnecessary certificates before adding more certificates.#The number of the item in this list.Name This field displays the name used to identify this certificate. Subject This field displays identifying information about the certificate’s owner, such as CN (Common Name), OU (Organizational Unit or department), O (Organization or company) and C (Country). It is recommended that each certificate have unique subject information.
Chapter 13 The Certificates ScreensUser’s Guide 159Issuer This field displays identifying information about the certificate’s issuing certification authority, such as a common name, organizational unit or department, organization or company and country. With self-signed certificates, this is the same information as in the Subject field.Valid From This field displays the date that the certificate becomes applicable. The text displays in red and includes a Not Yet Valid! message if the certificate has not yet become applicable.Valid To This field displays the date that the certificate expires. The text displays in red and includes an Expiring! or Expired! message if the certificate is about to expire or has already expired.CRL Issuer This field displays Yes if the certification authority issues CRL (Certificate Revocation Lists) for the certificates that it has issued and you have selected the Check incoming certificates issued by this CA against a CRL check box in the certificate’s details screen to have the WiMAX Modem check the CRL before trusting any certificates issued by the certification authority. Otherwise the field displays No.Action Click the Edit icon to open a screen with an in-depth list of information about the certificate.Use the Export icon to save the certificate to a computer. Click the icon and then Save in the File Download screen. The Save As screen opens, browse to the location that you want to use and click Save.Click the Delete icon to remove the certificate. A window displays asking you to confirm that you want to delete the certificate. Note that subsequent certificates move up by one when you take this action.Import Click Import to open a screen where you can save the certificate of a certification authority that you trust, from your computer to the WiMAX Modem.Refresh Click this button to display the current validity status of the certificates.Table 56 TOOLS > Certificates > Trusted CAs (continued)LABEL DESCRIPTION
Chapter 13 The Certificates ScreensUser’s Guide16013.3.1 Trusted CA Edit Click TOOLS > Certificates > Trusted CAs and then click the Edit icon to open the Trusted CAs screen. Use this screen to view in-depth certificate information and change the certificate’s name.Figure 64 TOOLS > Certificates > Trusted CAs > Edit The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 57 TOOLS > Certificates > Trusted CAs > EditLABEL DESCRIPTIONName This field displays the identifying name of this certificate. You can use up to 31 alphanumeric and ;‘~!@#$%^&()_+[]{}’,.=- characters.Property Select Default self-signed certificate which signs the imported remote host certificates to use this certificate to sign the remote host certificates you upload in the TOOLS > Certificates > Trusted CAs screen.
Chapter 13 The Certificates ScreensUser’s Guide 161Certification Path This field displays for a certificate, not a certification request.Click the Refresh button to have this read-only text box display the hierarchy of certification authorities that validate the certificate (and the certificate itself).If the issuing certification authority is one that you have imported as a trusted certification authority, it may be the only certification authority in the list (along with the certificate itself). If the certificate is a self-signed certificate, the certificate itself is the only one in the list. The WiMAX Modem does not trust the certificate and displays “Not trusted” in this field if any certificate on the path has expired or been revoked.Refresh Click Refresh to display the certification path.Certification InformationType This field displays general information about the certificate. CA-signed means that a Certification Authority signed the certificate. Self-signed means that the certificate’s owner signed the certificate (not a certification authority). “X.509” means that this certificate was created and signed according to the ITU-T X.509 recommendation that defines the formats for public-key certificates.Version This field displays the X.509 version number. “Serial Number This field displays the certificate’s identification number given by the certification authority or generated by the WiMAX Modem.Subject This field displays information that identifies the owner of the certificate, such as Common Name (CN), Organizational Unit (OU), Organization (O) and Country (C).Issuer This field displays identifying information about the certificate’s issuing certification authority, such as Common Name, Organizational Unit, Organization and Country. With self-signed certificates, this is the same as the Subject Name field.“none” displays for a certification request. Signature Algorithm This field displays the type of algorithm that was used to sign the certificate. The WiMAX Modem uses rsa-pkcs1-sha1 (RSA public-private key encryption algorithm and the SHA1 hash algorithm). Some certification authorities may use rsa-pkcs1-md5 (RSA public-private key encryption algorithm and the MD5 hash algorithm).Valid From This field displays the date that the certificate becomes applicable. “none” displays for a certification request. Valid To This field displays the date that the certificate expires. The text displays in red and includes an Expired! message if the certificate has expired. “none” displays for a certification request. Key Algorithm This field displays the type of algorithm that was used to generate the certificate’s key pair (the WiMAX Modem uses RSA encryption) and the length of the key set in bits (1024 bits for example).Subject Alternative Name This field displays the certificate owner‘s IP address (IP), domain name (DNS) or e-mail address (EMAIL). Table 57 TOOLS > Certificates > Trusted CAs > Edit (continued)LABEL DESCRIPTION
Chapter 13 The Certificates ScreensUser’s Guide162Key Usage This field displays for what functions the certificate’s key can be used. For example, “DigitalSignature” means that the key can be used to sign certificates and “KeyEncipherment” means that the key can be used to encrypt text.Basic Constraint This field displays general information about the certificate. For example, Subject Type=CA means that this is a certification authority’s certificate and “Path Length Constraint=1” means that there can only be one certification authority in the certificate’s path. This field does not display for a certification request. MD5 Fingerprint This is the certificate’s message digest that the WiMAX Modem calculated using the MD5 algorithm. SHA1 Fingerprint This is the certificate’s message digest that the WiMAX Modem calculated using the SHA1 algorithm. Certificate in PEM (Base-64) Encoded FormatThis read-only text box displays the certificate or certification request in Privacy Enhanced Mail (PEM) format. PEM uses lowercase letters, uppercase letters and numerals to convert the binary certificate into a printable form. You can copy and paste a certification request into a certification authority’s web page, an e-mail that you send to the certification authority or a text editor and save the file on a management computer for later manual enrollment.You can copy and paste a certificate into an e-mail to send to friends or colleagues or you can copy and paste a certificate into a text editor and save the file on a management computer for later distribution (via floppy disk for example).Apply Click to save your changes.Cancel Click to return to the previous screen without saving your changes.Table 57 TOOLS > Certificates > Trusted CAs > Edit (continued)LABEL DESCRIPTION
Chapter 13 The Certificates ScreensUser’s Guide 16313.3.2 Trusted CA Import Click TOOLS > Certificates > Trusted CAs and then click Import to open the Trusted CA Import screen. Follow the instructions in this screen to save a trusted certification authority’s certificate from a computer to the WiMAX Modem. The WiMAX Modem trusts any valid certificate signed by any of the imported trusted CA certificates.Note: You must remove any spaces from the certificate’s filename before you can import the certificate.Figure 65 TOOLS > Certificates > Trusted CAs > ImportThe following table describes the labels in this screen.13.4 Technical ReferenceThe following section contains additional technical information about the WiMAX Modem features described in this chapter.Table 58 TOOLS > Certificates > Trusted CAs ImportLABEL DESCRIPTIONFile Path Type in the location of the file you want to upload in this field or click Browse to find it.Choose... Click to find the certificate file you want to upload. Apply Click to save your changes.Cancel Click to return to the previous screen without saving your changes.
Chapter 13 The Certificates ScreensUser’s Guide16413.4.1 Certificate AuthoritiesWhen using public-key cryptology for authentication, each host has two keys. One key is public and can be made openly available. The other key is private and must be kept secure. These keys work like a handwritten signature (in fact, certificates are often referred to as “digital signatures”). Only you can write your signature exactly as it ought to look. When people know what your signature ought to look like, they can verify whether something was signed by you, or by someone else. In the same way, your private key “writes” your digital signature and your public key allows people to verify whether data was signed by you, or by someone else. This process works as follows.1Tim wants to send a message to Jenny. He needs her to be sure that it comes from him, and that the message content has not been altered by anyone else along the way. Tim generates a public key pair (one public key and one private key). 2Tim keeps the private key and makes the public key openly available. This means that anyone who receives a message seeming to come from Tim can read it and verify whether it is really from him or not. 3Tim uses his private key to sign the message and sends it to Jenny.4Jenny receives the message and uses Tim’s public key to verify it. Jenny knows that the message is from Tim, and she knows that although other people may have been able to read the message, no-one can have altered it (because they cannot re-sign the message with Tim’s private key).5Additionally, Jenny uses her own private key to sign a message and Tim uses Jenny’s public key to verify the message.The WiMAX Modem uses certificates based on public-key cryptology to authenticate users attempting to establish a connection, not to encrypt the data that you send after establishing a connection. The method used to secure the data that you send through an established connection depends on the type of connection. For example, a VPN tunnel might use the triple DES encryption algorithm.The certification authority uses its private key to sign certificates. Anyone can then use the certification authority’s public key to verify the certificates.A certification path is the hierarchy of certification authority certificates that validate a certificate. The WiMAX Modem does not trust a certificate if any certificate on its path has expired or been revoked.
Chapter 13 The Certificates ScreensUser’s Guide 165Certification authorities maintain directory servers with databases of valid and revoked certificates. A directory of certificates that have been revoked before the scheduled expiration is called a CRL (Certificate Revocation List). The WiMAX Modem can check a peer’s certificate against a directory server’s list of revoked certificates. The framework of servers, software, procedures and policies that handles keys is called PKI (public-key infrastructure).13.4.1.1 Advantages of CertificatesCertificates offer the following benefits.• The WiMAX Modem only has to store the certificates of the certification authorities that you decide to trust, no matter how many devices you need to authenticate. • Key distribution is simple and very secure since you can freely distribute public keys and you never need to transmit private keys.13.4.1.2 Self-signed CertificatesYou can have the WiMAX Modem act as a certification authority and sign its own certificates.13.4.1.3 Factory Default CertificateThe WiMAX Modem generates its own unique self-signed certificate when you first turn it on. This certificate is referred to in the GUI as the factory default certificate. 13.4.1.4 Certificate File FormatsAny certificate that you want to import has to be in one of these file formats:• Binary X.509: This is an ITU-T recommendation that defines the formats for X.509 certificates.• PEM (Base-64) encoded X.509: This Privacy Enhanced Mail format uses lowercase letters, uppercase letters and numerals to convert a binary X.509 certificate into a printable form.• Binary PKCS#7: This is a standard that defines the general syntax for data (including digital signatures) that may be encrypted. A PKCS #7 file is used to transfer a public key certificate. The private key is not included. The WiMAX Modem currently allows the importation of a PKS#7 file that contains a single certificate. • PEM (Base-64) encoded PKCS#7: This Privacy Enhanced Mail (PEM) format uses lowercase letters, uppercase letters and numerals to convert a binary PKCS#7 certificate into a printable form.Note: Be careful to not convert a binary file to text during the transfer process. It is easy for this to occur since many programs use text files by default.
Chapter 13 The Certificates ScreensUser’s Guide16613.4.2 Verifying a CertificateBefore you import a certificate into the WiMAX Modem, you should verify that you have the correct certificate. This is especially true of trusted certificates since the WiMAX Modem also trusts any valid certificate signed by any of the imported trusted certificates.13.4.2.1 Checking the Fingerprint of a Certificate on Your ComputerA certificate’s fingerprints are message digests calculated using the MD5 or SHA1 algorithms. The following procedure describes how to check a certificate’s fingerprint to verify that you have the actual certificate. 1Browse to where you have the certificate saved on your computer. 2Make sure that the certificate has a “.cer” or “.crt” file name extension. (On some Linux distributions, the file extension may be “.der”.)Figure 66 Remote Host Certificates
Chapter 13 The Certificates ScreensUser’s Guide 1673Double-click the certificate’s icon to open the Certificate window. Click the Details tab and scroll down to the Thumbprint Algorithm and Thumbprint fields.Figure 67 Certificate Details 4Use a secure method to verify that the certificate owner has the same information in the Thumbprint Algorithm and Thumbprint fields. The secure method may very based on your situation. Possible examples would be over the telephone or through an HTTPS connection.
Chapter 13 The Certificates ScreensUser’s Guide168
User’s Guide 169CHAPTER 14 The Firewall Screens14.1 OverviewUse the TOOLS > Firewall screens to manage WiMAX Modem’s firewall security measures.Originally, the term firewall referred to a construction technique designed to prevent the spread of fire from one room to another. The networking term "firewall" is a system or group of systems that enforces an access-control policy between two networks. It may also be defined as a mechanism used to protect a trusted network from an untrusted network. Of course, firewalls cannot solve every security problem.A firewall is one of the mechanisms used to establish a network security perimeter in support of a network security policy. It should never be the only mechanism or method employed. For a firewall to guard effectively, you must design and deploy it appropriately. This requires integrating the firewall into a broad information-security policy. In addition, specific policies must be implemented within the firewall itself.14.1.1 What You Can Do in This Chapter•The Firewall Setting screen (Section 14.2 on page 170) lets you configure the basic settings for your firewall.•The Service Setting screen (Section 14.3 on page 173) lets you enable service blocking, set up the date and time service blocking is effective, and to maintain the list of services you want to block.14.1.2 What You Need to KnowThe following terms and concepts may help as you read through this chapter.About the WiMAX Modem FirewallThe WiMAX Modem firewall is a stateful inspection firewall and is designed to protect against Denial of Service attacks when activated. The WiMAX Modem's purpose is to allow a private Local Area Network (LAN) to be securely connected to
Chapter 14 The Firewall ScreensUser’s Guide170the Internet. The WiMAX Modem can be used to prevent theft, destruction and modification of data, as well as log events, which may be important to the security of your network. The WiMAX Modem is installed between the LAN and a WiMAX base station connecting to the Internet. This allows it to act as a secure gateway for all data passing between the Internet and the LAN.The WiMAX Modem has one Ethernet (LAN) port. The LAN (Local Area Network) port attaches to a network of computers, which needs security from the outside world. These computers will have access to Internet services such as e-mail, FTP and the World Wide Web. However, “inbound access” is not allowed (by default) unless the remote host is authorized to use a specific service.14.2 Firewall SettingThis section describes firewalls and the built-in WiMAX Modem’s firewall features.14.2.1 Firewall Rule DirectionsFigure 68 Firewall Rule DirectionsLAN-to-WAN rules are local network to Internet firewall rules. The default is to forward all traffic from your local network to the Internet. You can block certain LAN-to-WAN traffic in the Services screen (click the Services tab). All services displayed in the Blocked Services list box are LAN-to-WAN firewall rules that block those services originating from the LAN. Blocked LAN-to-WAN packets are considered alerts. Alerts are “higher priority logs” that include system errors, attacks and attempted access to blocked web sites. Alerts appear in red in the View Log screen. You may choose to have alerts e-mailed immediately in the Log Settings screen.
Chapter 14 The Firewall ScreensUser’s Guide 171LAN-to-LAN/WiMAX Modem means the LAN to the WiMAX Modem LAN interface. This is always allowed, as this is how you manage the WiMAX Modem from your local computer.WAN-to-LAN rules are Internet to your local network firewall rules. The default is to block all traffic from the Internet to your local network. How can you forward certain WAN to LAN traffic? You may allow traffic originating from the WAN to be forwarded to the LAN by:• Configuring NAT port forwarding rules.•Configuring WAN or LAN & WAN access for services in the Remote MGMT screens or SMT menus. When you allow remote management from the WAN, you are actually configuring WAN-to-WAN/WiMAX Modem firewall rules. WAN-to-WAN/WiMAX Modem firewall rules are Internet to the WiMAX Modem WAN interface firewall rules. The default is to block all such traffic. When you decide what WAN-to-LAN packets to log, you are in fact deciding what WAN-to-LAN and WAN-to-WAN/WiMAX Modem packets to log. Forwarded WAN-to-LAN packets are not considered alerts.14.2.2 Triangle RouteWhen the firewall is on, your WiMAX Modem acts as a secure gateway between your LAN and the Internet. In an ideal network topology, all incoming and outgoing network traffic passes through the WiMAX Modem to protect your LAN against attacks.Figure 69 Ideal Firewall Setup
Chapter 14 The Firewall ScreensUser’s Guide17214.2.3 Firewall Setting OptionsClick TOOLS > Firewall > Firewall Setting to configure the basic settings for your firewall.Figure 70 TOOLS > Firewall > Firewall SettingThe following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 59 TOOLS > Firewall > Firewall SettingLABEL DESCRIPTIONEnable Firewall Select this to activate the firewall. The WiMAX Modem controls access and protects against Denial of Service (DoS) attacks when the firewall is activated.Bypass Triangle Route Select this if you want to let some traffic from the WAN go directly to a computer in the LAN without passing through the WiMAX Modem.Max NAT/Firewall Session Per UserSelect the maximum number of NAT rules and firewall rules the WiMAX Modem enforces at one time. The WiMAX Modem automatically allocates memory for the maximum number of rules, regardless of whether or not there is a rule to enforce. This is the same number you enter in ADVANCED > NAT Configuration > General.Packet DirectionLog Select the situations in which you want to create log entries for firewall events.No Log - do not create any log entriesLog Blocked - (LAN to WAN only) create log entries when packets are blockedLog Forwarded - (WAN to LAN only) create log entries when packets are forwardedLog All - create log entries for every packetApply Click to save your changes.Reset Click to restore your previously saved settings.
Chapter 14 The Firewall ScreensUser’s Guide 17314.3 ServicesClick TOOLS > Firewall > Services to enable service blocking, set up the date and time service blocking is effective, and to maintain the list of services you want to block.Figure 71 TOOLS > Firewall > Service SettingThe following table describes the labels in this screen.Table 60 TOOLS > Firewall > Service SettingLABEL DESCRIPTIONService SetupEnable Services Blocking Select this to activate service blocking. The Schedule to Block section controls what days and what times service blocking is actually effective, however.Available Services This is a list of pre-defined services (destination ports) you may prohibit your LAN computers from using. Select the port you want to block, and click Add to add the port to the Blocked Services field.A custom port is a service that is not available in the pre-defined Available Services list. You must define it using the Type and Port Number fields.
Chapter 14 The Firewall ScreensUser’s Guide17414.4 Technical ReferenceThe following section contains additional technical information about the WiMAX Modem features described in this chapter.14.4.1 Stateful Inspection Firewall.Stateful inspection firewalls restrict access by screening data packets against defined access rules. They make access control decisions based on IP address and protocol. They also "inspect" the session data to assure the integrity of the connection and to adapt to dynamic protocols. These firewalls generally provide the best speed and transparency; however, they may lack the granular application level access control or caching that some proxies support. Firewalls, of one type or another, have become an integral part of standard security solutions for enterprises.Blocked Services This is a list of services (ports) that are inaccessible to computers on your LAN when service blocking is effective. To remove a service from this list, select the service, and click Delete.Type Select TCP or UDP, based on which one the custom port uses.Port Number Enter the range of port numbers that defines the service. For example, suppose you want to define the Gnutella service. Select TCP type and enter a port range of 6345-6349.Add Click this to add the selected service in Available Services to the Blocked Services list.Delete Select a service in the Blocked Services, and click this to remove the service from the list.Clear All Click this to remove all the services in the Blocked Services list.Schedule to BlockDay to Block Select which days of the week you want the service blocking to be effective.Time of Day to Block Select what time each day you want service blocking to be effective. Enter times in 24-hour format; for example, 3:00pm should be entered as 15:00.Apply Click to save your changes.Reset Click to restore your previously saved settings.Table 60 TOOLS > Firewall > Service Setting (continued)LABEL DESCRIPTION
Chapter 14 The Firewall ScreensUser’s Guide 17514.4.2 Guidelines For Enhancing Security With Your Firewall1Change the default password via web configurator.2Think about access control before you connect to the network in any way.3Limit who can access your router.4Don't enable any local service (such as telnet or FTP) that you don't use. Any enabled service could present a potential security risk. A determined hacker might be able to find creative ways to misuse the enabled services to access the firewall or the network.5For local services that are enabled, protect against misuse. Protect by configuring the services to communicate only with specific peers, and protect by configuring rules to block packets for the services at specific interfaces.6Protect against IP spoofing by making sure the firewall is active.7Keep the firewall in a secured (locked) room.14.4.3 The “Triangle Route” ProblemA traffic route is a path for sending or receiving data packets between two Ethernet devices. You may have more than one connection to the Internet (through one or more ISPs). If an alternate gateway is on the LAN (and its IP address is in the same subnet as the WiMAX Modem’s LAN IP address), the “triangle route” (also called asymmetrical route) problem may occur. The steps below describe the “triangle route” problem. 1A computer on the LAN initiates a connection by sending out a SYN packet to a receiving server on the WAN.2The WiMAX Modem reroutes the SYN packet through Gateway A on the LAN to the WAN. 3The reply from the WAN goes directly to the computer on the LAN without going through the WiMAX Modem.
Chapter 14 The Firewall ScreensUser’s Guide176As a result, the WiMAX Modem resets the connection, as the connection has not been acknowledged.Figure 72 “Triangle Route” Problem14.4.3.1 Solving the “Triangle Route” ProblemIf you have the WiMAX Modem allow triangle route sessions, traffic from the WAN can go directly to a LAN computer without passing through the WiMAX Modem and its firewall protection. Another solution is to use IP alias. IP alias allows you to partition your network into logical sections over the same Ethernet interface. Your WiMAX Modem supports up to three logical LAN interfaces with the WiMAX Modem being the gateway for each logical network. It’s like having multiple LAN networks that actually use the same physical cables and ports. By putting your LAN and Gateway A in different subnets, all returning network traffic must pass through the WiMAX Modem to your LAN. The following steps describe such a scenario.1A computer on the LAN initiates a connection by sending a SYN packet to a receiving server on the WAN. 2The WiMAX Modem reroutes the packet to Gateway A, which is in Subnet 2. 3The reply from the WAN goes to the WiMAX Modem.
Chapter 14 The Firewall ScreensUser’s Guide 1774The WiMAX Modem then sends it to the computer on the LAN in Subnet 1.Figure 73 IP Alias
Chapter 14 The Firewall ScreensUser’s Guide178
User’s Guide 179CHAPTER 15 Content Filter15.1 OverviewUse the TOOLS > Content Filter screens to create and enforce policies that restrict access to the Internet based on contentInternet content filtering allows you to create and enforce Internet access policies tailored to their needs. Content filtering is the ability to block certain web features or specific URL keywords. The WiMAX Modem can block web features such as ActiveX controls, Java applets, cookies and disable web proxies. The WiMAX Modem also allows you to define time periods and days during which the WiMAX Modem performs content filtering.15.1.1 What You Can Do in This Chapter•The Filter screen (Section 15.2 on page 180) lets you set up a trusted IP address, which web features are restricted, and which keywords are blocked when content filtering is effective.•The Schedule screen (Section 15.3 on page 182) lets you schedule content filtering.
Chapter 15 Content FilterUser’s Guide18015.2 FilterClick TOOLS > Content Filter > Filter to set up a trusted IP address, which web features are restricted, and which keywords are blocked when content filtering is effective.Figure 74 TOOLS > Content Filter > Filter
Chapter 15 Content FilterUser’s Guide 181The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 61 TOOLS > Content Filter > FilterLABEL DESCRIPTIONTrusted IP SetupTrusted Computer IP AddressYou can allow a specific computer to access all Internet resources without the restrictions you set in these screens. Enter the IP address of the trusted computer.Restrict Web Features Select the web features you want to disable. If a user downloads a page with a restricted feature, that part of the web page appears blank or grayed out.ActiveX - This is a tool for building dynamic and active Web pages and distributed object applications. When you visit an ActiveX Web site, ActiveX controls are downloaded to your browser, where they remain in case you visit the site again.Java - This is used to build downloadable Web components or Internet and intranet business applications of all kinds.Cookies - This is used by Web servers to track usage and to provide service based on ID.Web Proxy - This is a server that acts as an intermediary between a user and the Internet to provide security, administrative control, and caching service. When a proxy server is located on the WAN, it is possible for LAN users to avoid content filtering restrictions.Keyword BlockingEnable URL Keyword BlockingSelect this if you want the WiMAX Modem to block Web sites based on words in the web site address. For example, if you block the keyword bad, http://www.website.com/bad.html is blocked.Keyword Type a keyword you want to block in this field. You can use up to 128 printable ASCII characters. There is no wildcard character, however.Add Click this to add the specified Keyword to the Keyword List. You can enter up to 128 keywords.Keyword List This field displays the keywords that are blocked when Enable URL Keyword Blocking is selected. To delete a keyword, select it, click Delete, and click Apply.Delete Click Delete to remove the selected keyword in the Keyword List. The keyword disappears after you click Apply.Clear All Click this button to remove all of the keywords in the Keyword List.Denied Access Message Enter the message that is displayed when the WiMAX Modem’s content filter feature blocks access to a web site.Apply Click to save your changes.Reset Click to restore your previously saved settings.
Chapter 15 Content FilterUser’s Guide18215.3 ScheduleClick TOOLS > Content Filter > Schedule to schedule content filtering.Figure 75 TOOLS > Content Filter > ScheduleThe following table describes the labels in this screen.Table 62 TOOLS > Content Filter > ScheduleLABEL DESCRIPTIONDay to Block Select which days of the week you want content filtering to be effective.Time of Day to Block Select what time each day you want content filtering to be effective. Enter times in 24-hour format; for example, 3:00pm should be entered as 15:00.Apply Click to save your changes.Reset Click to restore your previously saved settings.
User’s Guide 183CHAPTER 16 The Remote ManagementScreens16.1 OverviewUse the TOOLS > Remote Management screens to control which computers can use which services to access the WiMAX Modem on each interface.Remote management allows you to determine which services/protocols can access which WiMAX Modem interface (if any) from which computers.You may manage your WiMAX Modem from a remote location via:To disable remote management of a service, select Disable in the corresponding Server Access field.You may only have one remote management session running at a time. The WiMAX Modem automatically disconnects a remote management session of lower priority when another remote management session of higher priority starts. The priorities for the different types of remote management sessions are as follows.1Telnet2HTTP16.1.1 What You Can Do in This Chapter•The WWW screen (Section 16.2 on page 185) lets you control HTTP access to your WiMAX Modem.•The Telnet screen (Section 16.3 on page 186) lets you control Telnet access to your WiMAX Modem.•The FTP screen (Section 16.4 on page 186) lets you control FTP access to your WiMAX Modem.Table 63 Remote Management• Internet (WAN only) • ALL (LAN and WAN)• LAN only • Neither (Disable).
Chapter 16 The Remote Management ScreensUser’s Guide184•The SNMP screen (Section 16.5 on page 187) lets you control SNMP access to your WiMAX Modem.•The DNS screen (Section 16.6 on page 190) lets you control DNS access to your WiMAX Modem.•The Security screen (Section 16.7 on page 191) lets you control how your WiMAX Modem responds to other types of requests.•The TR069 screen (Section 16.8 on page 192) lets you configure the WiMAX Modem’s auto-configuration and dynamic service configuration options.16.1.2 What You Need to KnowThe following terms and concepts may help as you read through this chapter.Remote Management LimitationsRemote management over LAN or WAN will not work when:1A filter in SMT menu 3.1 (LAN) or in menu 11.5 (WAN) is applied to block a Telnet, FTP or Web service. 2You have disabled that service in one of the remote management screens.3The IP address in the Secured Client IP field does not match the client IP address. If it does not match, the WiMAX Modem will disconnect the session immediately.4There is already another remote management session with an equal or higher priority running. You may only have one remote management session running at one time.Remote Management and NATWhen NAT is enabled:• Use the WiMAX Modem’s WAN IP address when configuring from the WAN. • Use the WiMAX Modem’s LAN IP address when configuring from the LAN.System TimeoutThere is a default system management idle timeout of five minutes (three hundred seconds). The WiMAX Modem automatically logs you out if the management session remains idle for longer than this timeout period. The management session does not time out when a statistics screen is polling. You can change the timeout period in the Maintenance > System > General screen.
Chapter 16 The Remote Management ScreensUser’s Guide 185SNMPSimple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) is a protocol used for exchanging management information between network devices. SNMP is a member of the TCP/IP protocol suite. Your WiMAX Modem supports SNMP agent functionality, which allows a manager station to manage and monitor the WiMAX Modem through the network. The WiMAX Modem supports SNMP version one (SNMPv1) and version two (SNMPv2). The next figure illustrates an SNMP management operation.Note: SNMP is only available if TCP/IP is configured.16.2 WWWClick TOOLS > Remote Management > WWW to control HTTP access to your WiMAX Modem.Figure 76 TOOLS > Remote Management > WWWThe following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 64 TOOLS > Remote Management > WWWLABEL DESCRIPTIONServer Port Enter the port number this service can use to access the WiMAX Modem. The computer must use the same port number.Server Access Select the interface(s) through which a computer may access the WiMAX Modem using this service.Secured Client IP Address Select All to allow any computer to access the WiMAX Modem using this service.Select Selected to only allow the computer with the IP address that you specify to access the WiMAX Modem using this service.Apply Click to save your changes.Reset Click to restore your previously saved settings.
Chapter 16 The Remote Management ScreensUser’s Guide18616.3 TelnetClick TOOLS > Remote Management > Telnet to control Telnet access to your WiMAX Modem.Figure 77 TOOLS > Remote Management > TelnetThe following table describes the labels in this screen.16.4 FTPClick TOOLS > Remote Management > FTP to control FTP access to your WiMAX Modem.Figure 78 TOOLS > Remote Management > FTPTable 65 TOOLS > Remote Management > TelnetLABEL DESCRIPTIONServer Port Enter the port number this service can use to access the WiMAX Modem. The computer must use the same port number.Server Access Select the interface(s) through which a computer may access the WiMAX Modem using this service.Secured Client IP Address Select All to allow any computer to access the WiMAX Modem using this service.Select Selected to only allow the computer with the IP address that you specify to access the WiMAX Modem using this service.Apply Click to save your changes.Reset Click to restore your previously saved settings.
Chapter 16 The Remote Management ScreensUser’s Guide 187The following table describes the labels in this screen.16.5 SNMPAn SNMP managed network consists of two main types of component: agents and a manager.Figure 79 SNMP Management ModelAn agent is a management software module that resides in a managed device (the WiMAX Modem). An agent translates the local management information from the managed device into a form compatible with SNMP. The manager is the console through which network administrators perform network management functions. It executes applications that control and monitor managed devices. Table 66 TOOLS > Remote Management > FTPLABEL DESCRIPTIONServer Port Enter the port number this service can use to access the WiMAX Modem. The computer must use the same port number.Server Access Select the interface(s) through which a computer may access the WiMAX Modem using this service.Secured Client IP Address Select All to allow any computer to access the WiMAX Modem using this service.Select Selected to only allow the computer with the IP address that you specify to access the WiMAX Modem using this service.Apply Click to save your changes.Reset Click to restore your previously saved settings.
Chapter 16 The Remote Management ScreensUser’s Guide188The managed devices contain object variables/managed objects that define each piece of information to be collected about a device. Examples of variables include such as number of packets received, node port status etc. A Management Information Base (MIB) is a collection of managed objects. SNMP allows a manager and agents to communicate for the purpose of accessing these objects. The WiMAX Modem supports MIB II that is defined in RFC-1213 and RFC-1215. The focus of the MIBs is to let administrators collect statistical data and monitor status and performance.SNMP itself is a simple request/response protocol based on the manager/agent model. The manager issues a request and the agent returns responses using the following protocol operations: • Get - Allows the manager to retrieve an object variable from the agent. • GetNext - Allows the manager to retrieve the next object variable from a table or list within an agent. In SNMPv1, when a manager wants to retrieve all elements of a table from an agent, it initiates a Get operation, followed by a series of GetNext operations. • Set - Allows the manager to set values for object variables within an agent. • Trap - Used by the agent to inform the manager of some events.16.5.1 SNMP TrapsThe WiMAX Modem sends traps to the SNMP manager when any of the following events occurs: Table 67 SNMP TrapsTRAP # TRAP NAME DESCRIPTION0coldStart (defined in RFC-1215)A trap is sent after booting (power on).1warmStart (defined in RFC-1215)A trap is sent after booting (software reboot).4authenticationFailure (defined in RFC-1215)A trap is sent to the manager when receiving any SNMP get or set requirements with the wrong community (password).6whyReboot (defined in ZYXEL-MIB) A trap is sent with the reason of restart before rebooting when the system is going to restart (warm start).6a For intentional reboot: A trap is sent with the message "System reboot by user!" if reboot is done intentionally, (for example, download new files, CI command "sys reboot", etc.).6b For fatal error: A trap is sent with the message of the fatal code if the system reboots because of fatal errors.
Chapter 16 The Remote Management ScreensUser’s Guide 18916.5.2 SNMP OptionsClick TOOLS > Remote Management > SNMP to access this screen. Use SNMP options to control SNMP access to your WiMAX Modem.Figure 80 TOOLS > Remote Management > SNMPThe following table describes the labels in this screen.Table 68 TOOLS > Remote Management > SNMPLABEL DESCRIPTIONSNMP ConfigurationGet Community Enter the Get Community, which is the password for the incoming Get and GetNext requests from the management station. The default is public and allows all requests.Set Community Enter the Set community, which is the password for incoming Set requests from the management station. The default is public and allows all requests.Trap Community Enter the trap community, which is the password sent with each trap to the SNMP manager. The default is public and allows all requests.Trap Destination Enter the IP address of the station to send your SNMP traps to.SNMPPort You may change the server port number for a service if needed, however you must use the same port number in order to use that service for remote management.Access Status Select the interface(s) through which a computer may access the WiMAX Modem using this service.
Chapter 16 The Remote Management ScreensUser’s Guide19016.6 DNSClick TOOLS > Remote Management > DNS to access this screen. Use this screen to control DNS access to your WiMAX Modem.Figure 81 TOOLS > Remote Management > DNSThe following table describes the labels in this screen.Secured Client IP A secured client is a “trusted” computer that is allowed to communicate with the WiMAX Modem using this service. Select All to allow any computer to access the WiMAX Modem using this service.Choose Selected to just allow the computer with the IP address that you specify to access the WiMAX Modem using this service.Apply Click to save your changes.Reset Click to restore your previously saved settings.Table 68 TOOLS > Remote Management > SNMP (continued)LABEL DESCRIPTIONTable 69 TOOLS > Remote Management > DNSLABEL DESCRIPTIONServer Port This field is read-only. This field displays the port number this service uses to access the WiMAX Modem. The computer must use the same port number.Server Access Select the interface(s) through which a computer may access the WiMAX Modem using this service.Secured Client IP Address Select All to allow any computer to access the WiMAX Modem using this service.Select Selected to only allow the computer with the IP address that you specify to access the WiMAX Modem using this service.Apply Click to save your changes.Reset Click to restore your previously saved settings.
Chapter 16 The Remote Management ScreensUser’s Guide 19116.7 SecurityClick TOOLS > Remote Management > Security to access this screen. Use this screen to control how your WiMAX Modem responds to other types of requests.Figure 82 TOOLS > Remote Management > SecurityThe following table describes the labels in this screen.Table 70 TOOLS > Remote Management > SecurityLABEL DESCRIPTIONRespond to Ping on Select the interface(s) on which the WiMAX Modem should respond to incoming ping requests.•Disable - the WiMAX Modem does not respond to any ping requests.•LAN - the WiMAX Modem only responds to ping requests received from the LAN.•WAN - the WiMAX Modem only responds to ping requests received from the WAN.•LAN & WAN - the WiMAX Modem responds to ping requests received from the LAN or the WAN.Do not respond to requests for unauthorized servicesSelect this to prevent outsiders from discovering your WiMAX Modem by sending requests to unsupported port numbers. If an outside user attempts to probe an unsupported port on your WiMAX Modem, an ICMP response packet is automatically returned. This allows the outside user to know the WiMAX Modem exists. Your WiMAX Modem supports anti-probing, which prevents the ICMP response packet from being sent. This keeps outsiders from discovering your WiMAX Modem when unsupported ports are probed.If you clear this, your WiMAX Modem replies with an ICMP Port Unreachable packet for a port probe on unused UDP ports and with a TCP Reset packet for a port probe on unused TCP ports. Apply Click to save your changes.Reset Click to restore your previously saved settings.
Chapter 16 The Remote Management ScreensUser’s Guide19216.8 TR0-69TR-069 is an abbreviation of “Technical Reference 069”, a protocol designed to facilitate the remote management of Customer Premise Equipement (CPE), such as the WiMAX Modem. It can be managed over a WAN by means of an Auto Configuration Server (ACS). TR-069 is based on sending Remote Procedure Calls (RPCs) between the ACS and the client device. RPCs are sent in Extensible Markup Language (XML) format over HTTP or HTTPS. An administrator can use an ACS to remotely set up the WiMAX Modem, modify its settings, perform firmware upgrades, and monitor and diagnose it. In order to do so, you must enable the TR-069 feature on your WiMAX Modem and then configure it appropriately. (The ACS server which it will use must also be configured by its administrator.)Figure 83 TR-069 ExampleIn this example, the WiMAX Modem receives data from at least 3 sources: A SIP server for handling voice calls, an HTTP server for handling web services, and an ACS, for configuring the WiMAX Modem remotely. All three servers are owned and operated by the client’s Internet Service Provider. However, without the configuration settings from the ACS, the WiMAX Modem cannot access the other two servers. Once the WiMAX Modem receives its configuration settings and implements them, it can connect to the other servers. If the settings change, it will once again be unable to connect until it receives its updates from the ACS.The WiMAX Modem can be configured to periodically check for updates from the auto-configuration server so that the end user need not be worried about it.SIPACSHTTP
Chapter 16 The Remote Management ScreensUser’s Guide 193Click TOOLS > Remote Management > TR069 to access this screen. Use this screen to open WiMAX Modem’s auto-configuration and dynamic service configuration options.Figure 84 TOOLS > Remote Management > TR069The following table describes the labels in this screen.Table 71 TOOLS > Remote Management > TR069LABEL DESCRIPTIONActive Select this option to turn on the WiMAX Modem’s TR-069 feature. Note: If this feature is not enabled then the WiMAX Modem cannot be managed remotely.ACS URL Enter the URL or IP address of the auto-configuration server.User Name Enter the user name sent when the WiMAX Modem connects to the ACS and which is used for authentication.You can enter up to 31 alphanumeric characters (a-z, A-Z, 0-9) and underscores but spaces are not allowed.Password Enter the password sent when the WiMAX Modem connects to an ACS and which is used for authentication.You can enter up to 31 alphanumeric characters (a-z, A-Z, 0-9) and underscores but spaces are not allowed.Connection Request User NameEnter the connection request user name that the ACS must send to the WiMAX Modem when it requests a connection.You can enter up to 31 alphanumeric characters (a-z, A-Z, 0-9) and underscores but spaces are not allowed.Note: This must be provided by the ACS administrator.Connection Request PasswordEnter the connection request password that the ACS must send to the WiMAX Modem when it requests a connection.You can enter up to 31 alphanumeric characters (a-z, A-Z, 0-9) and underscores but spaces are not allowed.Note: This must be provided by the ACS administrator.
Chapter 16 The Remote Management ScreensUser’s Guide194Periodic Inform Enable Select this to allow the WiMAX Modem to periodically connect to the ACS and check for configuration updates. If you do not enable this feature then the WiMAX Modem can only be updated automatically when the ACS initiates contact with it and if you selected the Active checkbox on this screen.Periodic Inform IntervalEnter the time interval (in seconds) at which the WiMAX Modem connects to the auto-configuration server.Periodic Inform Time Enter a time interval that the WiMAX Modem will trigger a periodic inform interval. This works in tandem with the Periodic Inform Interval and is not mutually exclusive of it.The Periodic Inform Time must be in the following format: yyyy-mm-ddThh:mm:ss where yyyy is a four digit year (“2009”), mm is a two digit month (01~12), dd is a two digit day (01~28), hh is a two-digit hour in 24-hour format (01~24), mm is a two digit minutes value (01-60) and ss is a two digit seconds value (01-60).Note: You must separate the day information from the hour information with a “T”.This feature gives the WiMAX Modem a baseline from which to begin calculating when each periodic inform happens. If the inform time is set for some point in the past, the WiMAX Modem interpolates the inform interval forward to the current time and begins its periodic inform at the appropriate time based on this interpolation.If the inform time is set for some point in the future, then the WiMAX Modem interpolates backwards to the current time and actually begins at the appropriate time based on this interpolation.Apply Click to save your changes.Reset Click to restore your previously saved settings.Table 71 TOOLS > Remote Management > TR069LABEL DESCRIPTION
User’s Guide 195CHAPTER 17 QoS17.1 OverviewQuality of Service (QoS) refers to both a network’s ability to deliver data with minimum delay, and the networking methods used to control the use of bandwidth. Without QoS, all traffic data is equally likely to be dropped when the network is congested. This can cause a reduction in network performance and make the network inadequate for time-critical application such as video-on-demand.17.2 GeneralClick TOOLS > QoS to open the screen as shown next. Use this screen to enable or disable QoS.Figure 85 QoS > GeneralThe following table describes the labels in this screen.Table 72 TOOLS > Remote Management > SecurityLABEL DESCRIPTIONActive QoS Select this to enable QoS for the WiMAX Modem. Selecting this may improve network performance, especially if you are using VoIP applications or are playing online video games.Apply Click to save your changes.Reset Click to restore your previously saved settings.
Chapter 17 QoSUser’s Guide19617.3 Class SetupUse this screen to add, edit or delete QoS classifiers. A classifier groups traffic into data flows according to specific criteria such as the source address, destination address, source port number, destination port number or incoming interface. For example, you can configure a classifier to select traffic from the same protocol port (such as Telnet) to form a flow.You can give different priorities to traffic that the WiMAX Modem forwards out through the WAN interface. Give high priority to voice and video to make them run more smoothly. Similarly, give low priority to many large file downloads so that they do not reduce the quality of other applications. Click TOOLS > QoS > Class Setup to open the following screen.Figure 86 QoS > Class SetupThe following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 73 QoS Class SetupLABEL DESCRIPTIONCreate New Class Click this button to create a new class.# This field displays the index number of the class.Active This field indicates whether the QoS class is enabled or not.Name This field indicates the name of the class.Interface This field indicates the Ethernet port on which traffic is being monitored and prioritized.DSCP This field indicates the Differentiated Services Code Point (DSCP) value for the associated class.Class Index This field indicates the index for this QoS class. Classes are implemented based on index number, from lowest to highest.Action Click the Edit icon to go to the screen where you can edit the rule.Click the Delete icon to delete an existing rule. Note that subsequent rules move up by one when you take this action.Apply Click this button to save your changes back to the WiMAX Modem.Cancel Click this button to begin configuring this screen afresh.
Chapter 17 QoSUser’s Guide 19717.3.1 Class ConfigurationClick the Create New Class button or the edit icon in the Class Setup screen to configure a classifier. Figure 87 QoS > Class Setup > Class ConfigurationThe following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 74 QoS Class SetupLABEL DESCRIPTIONClass ConfigurationActive Select this to make a class active.Index Enter an index number for the class. Similar classes are processed in order of index number, from lowest to highest.Name Enter a descriptive name of up to 20 printable English keyboard characters, including spaces.Interface Select an interface to which the class will apply:•From WAN - The class is applied to all packets incoming from the WAN (Wide Area Network).•From LAN - The class is applied to all packets outgoing from the LAN (Local Area Network).DSCP Enter a DSCP value with which the WiMAX Modem replaces the DSCP field in the packets.Filter Configuration
Chapter 17 QoSUser’s Guide198Source / DestinationAddress Enter the source IP address in dotted decimal notation.Subnet Mask Enter the source subnet mask.Port Range Enter the beginning and ending port numbers. You can use the same number in both fields to indicate a single port, or you can enter 0 in both fields to indicate all ports.Exclude Select this to use the class to exclude packets based on these settings.OthersService Select a pre-configured service for this class. Options are: SIP, FTP and H.323. This loads pre-configured values specifically for these service types.Protocol Select a protocol. Options are: TCP, UDP and User Defined.Exclude Select this to use the class to exclude packets based on these settings.Apply Click this button to save your changes back to the WiMAX Modem.Cancel Click this button to begin configuring this screen afresh.Table 74 QoS Class Setup (continued)LABEL DESCRIPTION
User’s Guide 199CHAPTER 18 The Logs Screens18.1 OverviewUse the TOOLS > Logs screens to look at log entries and alerts and to configure the WiMAX Modem’s log and alert settings.For a list of log messages, see Section 18.4 on page 205.18.1.1 What You Can Do in This Chapter•The View Logs screen (Section 18.2 on page 201) lets you look at log entries and alerts.•The Log Settings screen (Section 18.3 on page 203) lets you configure where the WiMAX Modem sends logs and alerts, the schedule for sending logs, and which logs and alerts are sent or recorded.18.1.2 What You Need to KnowThe following terms and concepts may help as you read through this chapter.AlertsAn alert is a type of log that warrants more serious attention. Some categories such as System Errors consist of both logs and alerts.Syslog LogsThere are two types of syslog: event logs and traffic logs. The device generates an event log when a system event occurs, for example, when a user logs in or the device is under attack. The device generates a traffic log when a "session" is terminated. A traffic log summarizes the session's type, when it started and stopped the amount of traffic that was sent and received and so on. An external log analyzer
Chapter 18 The Logs ScreensUser’s Guide200can reconstruct and analyze the traffic flowing through the device after collecting the traffic logs. The following table shows RFC-2408 ISAKMP payload types that the log displays. Please refer to the RFC for detailed information on each type. Table 75 Syslog LogsLOG MESSAGE DESCRIPTIONEvent Log: <Facility*8 + Severity>Mon dd hr:mm:ss hostname src="<srcIP:srcPort>" dst="<dstIP:dstPort>" msg="<msg>" note="<note>" devID="<mac address>" cat="<category>"This message is sent by the system ("RAS" displays as the system name if you haven’t configured one) when the router generates a syslog. The facility is defined in the Log Settings screen. The severity is the log’s syslog class. The definition of messages and notes are defined in the various log charts throughout this appendix. The “devID” is the MAC address of the router’s LAN port. The “cat” is the same as the category in the router’s logs.Traffic Log: <Facility*8 + Severity>Mon dd hr:mm:ss hostname src="<srcIP:srcPort>" dst="<dstIP:dstPort>" msg="Traffic Log" note="Traffic Log" devID="<mac address>" cat="Traffic Log" duration=seconds sent=sentBytes rcvd=receiveBytes dir="<from:to>" protoID=IPProtocolID proto="serviceName" trans="IPSec/Normal"This message is sent by the device when the connection (session) is closed. The facility is defined in the Log Settings screen. The severity is the traffic log type. The message and note always display "Traffic Log". The "proto" field lists the service name. The "dir" field lists the incoming and outgoing interfaces ("LAN:LAN", "LAN:WAN", "LAN:DEV" for example).Table 76 RFC-2408 ISAKMP Payload TypesLOG DISPLAY PAYLOAD TYPESA Security AssociationPROP ProposalTRANS TransformKE Key ExchangeID IdentificationCER CertificateCER_REQ Certificate RequestHASH HashSIG SignatureNONCE NonceNOTFY NotificationDEL DeleteVID Vendor ID

Navigation menu