ZyXEL Communications NBG4604 Wireless N Gigabit Managed Router User Manual User s manual

ZyXEL Communications Corporation Wireless N Gigabit Managed Router User s manual

Contents

Manual Part 2

Chapter 16Bandwidth ManagementNBG4604 User’s Guide14816.3 What You Need To KnowYou can limit an application’s uplink or downlink bandwidth. This limit keeps the traffic from using up too much of the out-going interface’s bandwidth. This way you can make sure there is bandwidth for other applications. Use the following guidelines:•The sum of the bandwidth allotments that apply to the WAN interface (LAN to WAN, WLAN to WAN) must be less than or equal to the Uplink value that you configure in the Bandwidth ManagementGeneral screen. •The sum of the bandwidth allotments that apply to the LAN port (WAN to LAN, WAN to WLAN) must be less than or equal to the Downlink value that you configure in the Bandwidth ManagementGeneral screen. 16.4 General Configuration Use this screen to enable bandwidth management and assign uplink/downlink limits. You can use either one of the following types:•Priority Queue. Enable bandwidth management to give uplink traffic that matches a bandwidth rule priority over traffic that does not match a bandwidth rule. (This type does not apply to downlink traffic.) •Bandwidth Allocation. Enabling bandwidth management also allows you to control the maximum or minimum amounts of bandwidth that can be used by traffic that matches a bandwidth rule.Note: You cannot apply both bandwidth management types at the same time.Click Management> Bandwidth MGMT to open the bandwidth management General screen.Figure 82 Management > Bandwidth MGMT > GeneralCompany Confidential
Chapter 16Bandwidth ManagementNBG4604 User’s Guide 149The following table describes the labels in this screen.16.5 Advanced Configuration Use this screen to configure bandwidth managements rule for the pre-defined services or applications. Use this screen to configure bandwidth managements rule for specific protocols on an IP or IP range. Note: This screen contains the Priority Queue and Bandwidth Allocation tables. Though both tables are described in this section, you can only apply the rules in one table. Fill out the table of the Bandwidth Management Type you selected in Section 16.4 on page 148.Table 55 Management > Bandwidth MGMT > GeneralLABEL DESCRIPTIONService ManagementBandwidth ManagementTypeThis field allows you to have NBG4604 apply bandwidth management. Select Priority Queue or Bandwidth Allocation to enable bandwidth management.•Select Priority Queue to allocate bandwidth based on the pre-defined priority assigned to an application. Refer to Section 16.5 on page 149.•Select Bandwidth Allocation allocate specific amounts of bandwidth to specific protocols on an IP or IP range. Refer to Section 16.5 on page 149.Select Disable if you do not want to use this feature.Total Bandwidth Setting. The fields below appear when you enable Bandwidth Management.Uplink Type or select the total amount of bandwidth (from 64 Kbps to 30 Mbps) that you want to dedicate to uplink traffic. If you type the amount of bandwidth, the selection automatically becomes User Defined. If you select the amount of bandwidth, the field automatically displays the value in Kbps.This is traffic from LAN/WLAN to WAN.Downlink Type or select the total amount of bandwidth (from 64 Kbps to 30 Mbps) that you want to dedicate to downlink traffic. If you type the amount of bandwidth, the selection automatically becomes User Defined. If you select the amount of bandwidth, the field automatically displays the value in Kbps.This is traffic from WAN to LAN/WLAN.Apply Click Apply to save your customized settings.Reset Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh.Company Confidential
Chapter 16Bandwidth ManagementNBG4604 User’s Guide150Click Management > Bandwidth MGMT > Advanced to open the bandwidth management Advanced screen.Figure 83 Management > Bandwidth MGMT > Advanced The following table describes the labels in this screen.Table 56 Management > Bandwidth MGMT > Advanced LABEL DESCRIPTIONPriority QueueLocal IP Address Enter the IP address of the computer to which bandwidth management does not apply. Priority Queue Use this table to allocate specific amounts of bandwidth based on the pre-defined service.Company Confidential
Chapter 16Bandwidth ManagementNBG4604 User’s Guide 151#This is the number of an individual bandwidth management rule.Enable Select this check box to have the NBG4604 apply this bandwidth management rule.Service This is the name of the service.You can also enter the name (up to 10 keyboard characters) of a service you want to add in the priority queue (for example, Messenger).Priority Select a priority from the drop down list box. Choose High or Low.Specific Port This displays the port/s assigned to the service.You can also specify the port/s to services to which you want to allocate bandwidth. Choose either Both,TCP or UDP in the drop-down menu and enter the port or range of ports in the provided boxes.Note: If you are entering a specific port and not a range of ports, you can either leave the second port field blank or enter the same port number again.Bandwidth Allocation Use this table to allocate specific amounts of bandwidth to specific protocols on an IP or IP range.#This is the number of an individual bandwidth management rule.Enable Select this check box to have the NBG4604 apply this bandwidth management rule.LAN IP Range This displays the range of IP addresses for which the bandwidth management rule applies.Direction These read-only labels represent uplink or downlink traffic.To LAN applies bandwidth management to traffic from WAN to LAN/WLAN (i.e., downlink). To WAN applies bandwidth management to traffic from LAN/WLAN to WAN (i.e., uplink). Both applies bandwidth management to traffic that the NBG4604 forwards to both the LAN and the WAN. Port Range This displays the range of ports for which the bandwidth management rule applies.Policy This displays either Max (maximum) or Min (minimum) and refers to the maximum or minimum bandwidth allowed for the rule in kilobits per second in the field below. Rate This is the maximum or minimum bandwidth allowed (refer to the field above) for the rule in bits per second.Modify Click the Edit icon to open the Rule Configuration screen. Modify an existing rule or create a new rule in the Rule Configuration screen. See Section 16.5.2 on page 152 for more information.Click the Remove icon to delete a rule.Apply Click Apply to save your customized settings.Reset Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh.Table 56 Management > Bandwidth MGMT > Advanced (continued)LABEL DESCRIPTIONCompany Confidential
Chapter 16Bandwidth ManagementNBG4604 User’s Guide15216.5.1 Priority LevelsTraffic with a higher priority gets through faster while traffic with a lower priority is dropped if the network is congested.The following describes the priorities that you can apply to traffic that the NBG4604 forwards out through an interface.•High - Typically used for voice traffic or video that is especially sensitive to jitter (jitter is the variations in delay).•Low - This is typically used for all other traffic that are not time-sensitive. 16.5.2 User Defined Service Rule ConfigurationIf you want to edit a bandwidth management rule for specific protocols on an IP or IP range, click the Edit icon in the Bandwidth Allocation table of the Advancedscreen. The following screen displays.Figure 84 Management > Bandwidth MGMT > Advanced: Allocation Setup The following table describes the labels in this screen.Table 57 Management > Bandwidth MGMT > Advanced: Allocation Setup LABEL DESCRIPTIONActive Select this check box to turn on this bandwidth management rule.Direction Enter whether you want to apply the rule to uplink or downlink traffic.To LAN applies bandwidth management to traffic from WAN to LAN/WLAN (i.e., downlink). To WAN applies bandwidth management to traffic from LAN/WLAN to WAN (i.e., uplink). Select Both applies bandwidth management to traffic that the NBG4604 forwards to both the LAN and the WAN. LAN IP Range Specify the range of IP addresses for which the bandwidth management rule applies. Protocol Select the protocol (TCP,UDP, SMTP, HTTP, POP3, FTP or ALL) for which the bandwidth management rule applies. Company Confidential
Chapter 16Bandwidth ManagementNBG4604 User’s Guide 15316.5.3 Predefined Bandwidth Management ServicesThe following is a description of the services that you can select and to which you can apply media bandwidth management in the Management > BandwidthMGMT > Advanced screen. Port Range Enter the range of ports for which the bandwidth management rule applies.Policy Select Max or Min and specify the maximum or minimum bandwidth allowed for the rule in bits per second in the field below. Rate (bps) Type or select the maximum or minimum bandwidth allowed (refer to the field above) for the rule in bits per second.If you type the amount of bandwidth, the selection automatically becomes User Defined. If you select the amount of bandwidth, the field automatically displays the value in Kbps.Apply Click Apply to save your customized settings.Reset Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh.LABEL DESCRIPTIONTable 58 Media Bandwidth Management Setup: ServicesSERVICE DESCRIPTIONFTPFile Transfer Program enables fast transfer of files, including large files that may not be possible by e-mail. FTP uses port number 21.WWWThe World Wide Web (WWW) is an Internet system to distribute graphical, hyper-linked information, based on Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP) - a client/server protocol for the World Wide Web. The Web is not synonymous with the Internet; rather, it is just one service on the Internet. Other services on the Internet include Internet Relay Chat and Newsgroups. The Web is accessed through use of a browser. WWW uses port 80.TelnetTelnet is the login and terminal emulation protocol common on the Internet and in UNIX environments. It operates over TCP/IP networks. Its primary function is to allow users to log into remote host systems. Telnet uses port 23.E-MailElectronic mail consists of messages sent through a computer network to specific groups or individuals. Here are some default ports for e-mail: POP3 - port 110SMTP - port 25VoIP (SIP)Sending voice signals over the Internet is called Voice over IP or VoIP. Session Initiated Protocol (SIP) is an internationally recognized standard for implementing VoIP. SIP is an application-layer control (signaling) protocol that handles the setting up, altering and tearing down of voice and multimedia sessions over the Internet.SIP is transported primarily over UDP but can also be transported over TCP, using the default port number 5060. Company Confidential
Chapter 16Bandwidth ManagementNBG4604 User’s Guide15416.5.4 Services and Port NumbersSee Appendix E on page 259 for commonly used services and port numbers.BitTorrentBitTorrent is a free P2P (peer-to-peer) sharing tool allowing you to distribute large software and media files using ports 6881 to 6889. BitTorrent requires you to search for a file with a searching engine yourself. It distributes files by corporation and trading, that is, the client downloads the file in small pieces and share the pieces with other peers to get other half of the file.GamingOnline gaming services lets you play multiplayer games on the Internet via broadband technology. One example is Microsoft’s Xbox Live, which uses port 3074. As of this writing, your NBG4604 supports Xbox, Playstation, Battlenet and MSN Game Zone.Table 58 Media Bandwidth Management Setup: Services (continued)SERVICE DESCRIPTIONCompany Confidential
NBG4604 User’s Guide 155CHAPTER 17Remote Management17.1 OverviewThis chapter provides information on the Remote Management screens. Remote management allows you to determine which services/protocols can access which NBG4604 interface (if any) from which computers.You may manage your NBG4604 from a remote location via:Note: When you configure remote management to allow management from the LAN and WAN in the options above, you still need to configure a firewall rule to allow access. See the firewall chapters for details on configuring firewall rules.17.2 What You Can DoUse the WWW screen (Section 17.4 on page 157) to change your NBG4604’s World Wide Web settings.17.3 What You Need To KnowTo disable remote management of a service, select Disable in the corresponding Server Access field. You may only have one remote management session running at a time. •LAN only •LAN and WANCompany Confidential
Chapter 17Remote ManagementNBG4604 User’s Guide15617.3.1 Remote Management LimitationsRemote management over LAN or WAN will not work when:1You have disabled that service in one of the remote management screens.2The IP address in the Secured Client IP Address field does not match the client IP address. If it does not match, the NBG4604 will disconnect the session immediately.3There is already another remote management session with an equal or higher priority running. You may only have one remote management session running at one time.4There is a firewall rule that blocks it.17.3.2 Remote Management and NATWhen NAT is enabled:•Use the NBG4604’s WAN IP address when configuring from the WAN. •Use the NBG4604’s LAN IP address when configuring from the LAN.17.3.3 System TimeoutThere is a default system management idle timeout of five minutes (three hundred seconds). The NBG4604 automatically logs you out if the management session remains idle for longer than this timeout period. The management session does not time out when a statistics screen is polling. You can change the timeout period in the System screenCompany Confidential
Chapter 17Remote ManagementNBG4604 User’s Guide 15717.4 WWW ScreenTo change your NBG4604’s World Wide Web settings, click Management > Remote MGMT to display the WWW screen.Figure 85 Management > Remote MGMT > WWW The following table describes the labels in this screenTable 59 Management > Remote MGMT > WWWLABEL DESCRIPTIONServer Port You may change the server port number for a service if needed, however you must use the same port number in order to use that service for remote management.Server Access Select the interface(s) through which a computer may access the NBG4604 using this service.Secured Client IP Address A secured client is a “trusted” computer that is allowed to communicate with the NBG4604 using this service. Select All to allow any computer to access the NBG4604 using this service.Choose Selected to just allow the computer with the IP address that you specify to access the NBG4604 using this service.Note: This only applies on WAN IP.Apply Click Apply to save your customized settings and exit this screen. Reset Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh.Company Confidential
Chapter 17Remote ManagementNBG4604 User’s Guide158Company Confidential
NBG4604 User’s Guide 159CHAPTER 18Universal Plug-and-Play (UPnP)18.1 Overview This chapter introduces the UPnP feature in the Web Configurator.Universal Plug and Play (UPnP) is a distributed, open networking standard that uses TCP/IP for simple peer-to-peer network connectivity between devices. A UPnP device can dynamically join a network, obtain an IP address, convey its capabilities and learn about other devices on the network. In turn, a device can leave a network smoothly and automatically when it is no longer in use.18.2 What You Can DoUse the UPnP screen (Section 18.4 on page 160) to enable UPnP on the NBG4604.18.3 What You Need to KnowHow do I know if I'm using UPnP? UPnP hardware is identified as an icon in the Network Connections folder (Windows XP). Each UPnP compatible device installed on your network will appear as a separate icon. Selecting the icon of a UPnP device will allow you to access the information and properties of that device. NAT TraversalUPnP NAT traversal automates the process of allowing an application to operate through NAT. UPnP network devices can automatically configure network addressing, announce their presence in the network to other UPnP devices and enable exchange of simple product and service descriptions. NAT traversal allows the following:Company Confidential
Chapter 18Universal Plug-and-Play (UPnP)NBG4604 User’s Guide160•Dynamic port mapping•Learning public IP addresses•Assigning lease times to mappingsWindows Messenger is an example of an application that supports NAT traversal and UPnP. See the NAT chapter for more information on NAT.Cautions with UPnPThe automated nature of NAT traversal applications in establishing their own services and opening firewall ports may present network security issues. Network information and configuration may also be obtained and modified by users in some network environments. When a UPnP device joins a network, it announces its presence with a multicast message. For security reasons, the NBG4604 allows multicast messages on the LAN only.All UPnP-enabled devices may communicate freely with each other without additional configuration. Disable UPnP if this is not your intention. 18.4 UPnP ScreenUse this screen to enable UPnP. Click the Management > UPnP to open the following screen.Figure 86 Management > UPnP > General Company Confidential
Chapter 18Universal Plug-and-Play (UPnP)NBG4604 User’s Guide 161The following table describes the labels in this screen. 18.5 Technical ReferenceThe sections show examples of using UPnP. 18.5.1 Using UPnP in Windows XP ExampleThis section shows you how to use the UPnP feature in Windows XP. You must already have UPnP installed in Windows XP and UPnP activated on the NBG4604.Make sure the computer is connected to a LAN port of the NBG4604. Turn on your computer and the NBG4604. 18.5.1.1 Auto-discover Your UPnP-enabled Network Device1Click start and Control Panel. Double-click Network Connections. An icon displays under Internet Gateway.Table 60 Management > UPnP > GeneralLABEL DESCRIPTIONEnable the Universal Plug and Play (UPnP) Feature Select this check box to activate UPnP. Be aware that anyone could use a UPnP application to open the Web Configurator's login screen without entering the NBG4604's IP address (although you must still enter the password to access the Web Configurator).Allow users to make port forwarding changes through UPnPSelect this check box to allow UPnP-enabled applications to automatically configure the NBG4604 so that they can communicate through the NBG4604, for example by using NAT traversal, UPnP applications automatically reserve a NAT forwarding port in order to communicate with another UPnP enabled device; this eliminates the need to manually configure port forwarding for the UPnP enabled application. Apply Click Apply to save the setting to the NBG4604.Reset Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh.Company Confidential
Chapter 18Universal Plug-and-Play (UPnP)NBG4604 User’s Guide1622Right-click the icon and select Properties.Figure 87 Network Connections3In the Internet Connection Properties window, click Settings to see the port mappings there were automatically created. Figure 88 Internet Connection Properties Company Confidential
Chapter 18Universal Plug-and-Play (UPnP)NBG4604 User’s Guide 1634You may edit or delete the port mappings or click Add to manually add port mappings. Figure 89 Internet Connection Properties: Advanced SettingsFigure 90 Internet Connection Properties: Advanced Settings: AddNote: When the UPnP-enabled device is disconnected from your computer, all port mappings will be deleted automatically.5Select Show icon in notification area when connected option and click OK.An icon displays in the system tray. Figure 91 System Tray IconCompany Confidential
Chapter 18Universal Plug-and-Play (UPnP)NBG4604 User’s Guide1646Double-click on the icon to display your current Internet connection status.Figure 92 Internet Connection Status18.5.2 Web Configurator Easy AccessWith UPnP, you can access the web-based configurator on the NBG4604 without finding out the IP address of the NBG4604 first. This comes helpful if you do not know the IP address of the NBG4604.Follow the steps below to access the Web Configurator.1Click Start and then Control Panel.2Double-click Network Connections.Company Confidential
Chapter 18Universal Plug-and-Play (UPnP)NBG4604 User’s Guide 1653Select My Network Places under Other Places.Figure 93 Network Connections4An icon with the description for each UPnP-enabled device displays under LocalNetwork.5Right-click on the icon for your NBG4604 and select Invoke. The Web Configurator login screen displays. Figure 94 Network Connections: My Network PlacesCompany Confidential
Chapter 18Universal Plug-and-Play (UPnP)NBG4604 User’s Guide1666Right-click on the icon for your NBG4604 and select Properties. A properties window displays with basic information about the NBG4604. Figure 95 Network Connections: My Network Places: Properties: ExampleCompany Confidential
NBG4604 User’s Guide 167CHAPTER 19SNMP19.1 OverviewSimple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) is a protocol for collecting and managing information about network devices. Your NBG4604 supports SNMP agent functionality, which allows a manager station to manage and monitor the NBG4604 through the network. The NBG4604 supports SNMP version one (SNMPv1) and version two (SNMPv2c).Note: Only configure the SNMP feature with settings provided by your ISP.19.2 What You Need to KnowAn SNMP managed network consists of two main types of component: agents and a manager. Figure 96 SNMP Management ModelCompany Confidential
Chapter 19SNMPNBG4604 User’s Guide168An agent is a management software module that resides in a managed device (the NBG4604). An agent translates the local management information from the managed device into a form compatible with SNMP. The manager is the console through which network administrators perform network management functions. It executes applications that control and monitor managed devices. The managed devices contain object variables/managed objects that define each piece of information to be collected about a device. Examples of variables include such as number of packets received, node port status etc. A Management Information Base (MIB) is a collection of managed objects. SNMP allows a manager and agents to communicate for the purpose of accessing these objects.SNMP itself is a simple request/response protocol based on the manager/agent model. The manager issues a request and the agent returns responses using the following protocol operations:•Get - Allows the manager to retrieve an object variable from the agent. •GetNext - Allows the manager to retrieve the next object variable from a table or list within an agent. In SNMPv1, when a manager wants to retrieve all elements of a table from an agent, it initiates a Get operation, followed by a series of GetNext operations. •Set - Allows the manager to set values for object variables within an agent. •Trap - Used by the agent to inform the manager of some events.19.3 SNMP ScreenUse this screen to enable SNMP. Click Management > SNMP to open the following screen.Figure 97 Management > SNMP > General Company Confidential
Chapter 19SNMPNBG4604 User’s Guide 169The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 61 Management > UPnP > GeneralLABEL DESCRIPTIONEnable SNMP Select this to enable SNMP on this device.SNMP version Select the SNMP version that corresponds the SNMP used by the server.Read Community Enter the SNMP read community information here.Get Community Enter the SNMP get community information here.System Location Enter the SNMP system location.System Contact Enter the SNMP system contact.Apply Click Apply to save the setting to the NBG4604.Reset Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh.Company Confidential
Chapter 19SNMPNBG4604 User’s Guide170Company Confidential
NBG4604 User’s Guide 171CHAPTER 20ACS20.1 OverviewThis chapter shows you to configure the NBG4604’s ACS settings so that it can be remotely configured by an Auto-Configuration Server (ACS).An administrator can use an ACS to remotely set up the NBG4604, modify its settings, perform firmware upgrades, and monitor and diagnose it. In order to do so, you must enable the TR-069 feature on your NBG4604 and then configure it appropriately. (The ACS server which it will use must also be configured by its administrator.)20.2 What You Can Do in this Chapter•Use the General screen (Section 20.4 on page 172) to configure set up the ACS server information on your NBG4604.•Use the Certificate screen (Section 20.5 on page 175) to upload encrypted security certificates to your NBG4604.20.3 What You Need to KnowThe following terms and concepts may help as you read this chapter.ACSAn Auto-Configuration Server (ACS) centralizes the management and configuration of a variety of networking devices such as routers, set-top boxes, Voice over IP (VoIP) gateways, and other Customer Premises Equipment (CPE). It is based on the TR-069 standard.Company Confidential
Chapter 20ACSNBG4604 User’s Guide172OUI FilterAn Organizationally Unique Identifier (OUI) filter blocks or forwards packets from devices with the specified OUI in the MAC address. The OUI field is the first three octets in a MAC address and uniquely identifies the manufacturer of a network device.STUNSTUN allows a device to find the public IP address assigned by a NAT router and/or a firewall between it and the public Internet.20.4 General ScreenThe General screen allows you to set up the ACS server information on your NBG4604 so it can be remotely updated. Only use information provided by your network administrator.20.4.1 STUNSTUN (Simple Traversal of User Datagram Protocol (UDP) through Network Address Translators) allows the NBG4604 to find the presence and types of NAT routers and/or firewalls between it and the public Internet. STUN also allows the NBG4604 to find the public IP address that NAT assigned, so the NBG4604 can embed it in the SIP data stream. STUN does not work with symmetric NAT routers or firewalls. See RFC 3489 for details on STUN.The following figure shows how STUN works. 1The NBG4604 (A) sends SIP packets to the STUN server (B).2The STUN server (B) finds the public IP address and port number that the NAT router used on the NBG4604’s SIP packets and sends them to the NBG4604.Company Confidential
Chapter 20ACSNBG4604 User’s Guide 1733The NBG4604 uses the public IP address and port number in the SIP packets that it sends to the SIP server (C).Figure 98 STUNClick Management > ACS to open this screen.Figure 99 Management > ACS > General Company Confidential
Chapter 20ACSNBG4604 User’s Guide174The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 62 Management > ACS > GeneralLABEL DESCRIPTIONACS Server SetupURL Enter the URL of the ACS server.Account Name Enter the login name used by the NBG4604 to log into the ACS server.Password Enter the password for the account used to log into the ACS server.Period Enter the duration in seconds over which the NBG4604 attempts to log into the ACS server.Device ConfigurationManufacturer This displays the manufacturer name of the NBG4604, ‘ZyXEL’, and cannot be edited.Manufacturer Oui Enter the manufacturer organizational unit identifier. This number must consist of a 3-octet MAC address.Product Class Enter the product class if this was provided by the network adminstrator. Otherwise, leave it at its default setting.Model Name This displays the model name. In this case, it is ‘NBG4604’ and cannot be edited.Device Connection RequestUsername Enter the username required for the ACS server to connect directly to the NBG4604.Password Enter the password required for the ACS server to connect directly to the NBG4604.Device Connection RequestSTUN Server Enter the URL of the STUN server.STUN Username Enter the username required to log into the STUN server.STUN Password Enter the password of the username used to log into the STUN server.LogsBackup Click Backup to save a copy of the NBG4604’s ACS activity.Clear Logs Click Clear Logs to delete the files containing a record of the NBG4604’s ACS activity.Apply Click Apply to save the setting to the NBG4604.Reset Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh.Company Confidential
Chapter 20ACSNBG4604 User’s Guide 17520.5 Certificate ScreenThis screen allows you to upload security certificates to the NBG4604. Click Management > ACS > Certificates to open this screen.Figure 100 Management > ACS > Certificates The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 63 Management > UPnP > GeneralLABEL DESCRIPTIONFile Path Enter the path of the certificate file’s location on your local computer, or click the Browse button to open a browse dialog box to search for it.CA Certificate Click Upload to copy the certicate listed in File Path to the NBG4604. Click Clear to remove the current CA Certificate from the device.Client Certificate Click Upload to copy the certicate listed in File Path to the NBG4604. Click Clear to remove the current Client Certificate from the device.Client Key Click Upload to copy the certicate listed in File Path to the NBG4604. Click Clear Key to remove the current CA Certificate from the device.Company Confidential
Chapter 20ACSNBG4604 User’s Guide17620.6 Technical ReferenceTR-069 is an abbreviation of “Technical Reference 069”, a protocol designed to facilitate the remote management of Customer Premise Equipement (CPE), such as the NBG4604. It can be managed over a WAN by means of an Auto Configuration Server (ACS). TR-069 is based on sending Remote Procedure Calls (RPCs) between the ACS and the client device. RPCs are sent in Extensible Markup Language (XML) format over HTTP or HTTPS. Figure 101 TR-069 ExampleIn this example, the NBG4604 receives data from at least 3 sources: A SIP server for handling voice calls, an HTTP server for handling web services, and an ACS, for configuring the NBG4604 remotely. All three servers are owned and operated by the client’s Internet Service Provider. However, without the configuration settings from the ACS, the NBG4604 cannot access the other two servers. Once the NBG4604 receives its configuration settings and implements them, it can connect to the other servers. If the settings change, it will once again be unable to connect until it receives its updates from the ACS.The NBG4604 can be configured to periodically check for updates from the auto-configuration server so that the end user need not be worried about it.SIPACSHTTPCompany Confidential
NBG4604 User’s Guide 177CHAPTER 21System21.1 OverviewThis chapter provides information on the System screens. See the chapter about wizard setup for more information on the next few screens.21.2 What You Can Do•Use the General screen (Section 21.3 on page 177) to enter a name to identify the NBG4604 in the network and set the password.•Use the Time Setting screen (Section 21.4 on page 179) to change your NBG4604’s time and date.21.3 System General Screen Use this screen to enter a name to identify the NBG4604 in the network and set the password. Click Maintenance > System. The following screen displays.Figure 102 Maintenance > System > General Company Confidential
Chapter 21SystemNBG4604 User’s Guide178The following table describes the labels in this screen.Table 64 Maintenance > System > GeneralLABEL DESCRIPTIONSystem SetupSystem Name System Name is a unique name to identify the NBG4604 in an Ethernet network. It is recommended you enter your computer’s “Computer name” in this field (see thechapter about wizard setup for how to find your computer’s name). This name can be up to 30 alphanumeric characters long. Spaces are not allowed, but dashes “-” and underscores "_" are accepted.Domain Name Enter the domain name (if you know it) here. If you leave this field blank, the ISP may assign a domain name via DHCP. The domain name entered by you is given priority over the ISP assigned domain name.Administrator Inactivity Timer Type how many minutes a management session can be left idle before the session times out. The default is 5 minutes. After it times out you have to log in with your password again. Very long idle timeouts may have security risks. A value of "0" means a management session never times out, no matter how long it has been left idle (not recommended).Password Setup Change your NBG4604’s password (recommended) using the fields as shown.Old Password Type the default password or the existing password you use to access the system in this field.New Password Type your new system password (up to 30 characters). Note that as you type a password, the screen displays an asterisk (*) for each character you type.Retype to Confirm Type the new password again in this field.Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the NBG4604.Reset Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh.Company Confidential
Chapter 21SystemNBG4604 User’s Guide 17921.4 Time Setting ScreenTo change your NBG4604’s time and date, click Maintenance > System > TimeSetting. The screen appears as shown. Use this screen to configure the NBG4604’s time based on your local time zone.Figure 103 Maintenance > System > Time Setting he following table describes the labels in this screen.Table 65 Maintenance > System > Time SettingLABEL DESCRIPTIONCurrent Time and DateCurrent Time This field displays the time of your NBG4604.Each time you reload this page, the NBG4604 synchronizes the time with the time server.Current Date This field displays the date of your NBG4604. Each time you reload this page, the NBG4604 synchronizes the date with the time server.Time and Date SetupManual Select this radio button to enter the time and date manually. If you configure a new time and date, Time Zone and Daylight Saving at the same time, the new time and date you entered has priority and the Time Zone and Daylight Saving settings do not affect it.Company Confidential
Chapter 21SystemNBG4604 User’s Guide180New Time(hh:mm:ss)This field displays the last updated time from the time server or the last time configured manually.When you set Time and Date Setup to Manual, enter the new time in this field and then click Apply.New Date (yyyy/mm/dd)This field displays the last updated date from the time server or the last date configured manually.When you set Time and Date Setup to Manual, enter the new date in this field and then click Apply.Get from Time Server Select this radio button to have the NBG4604 get the time and date from the time server you specified below.Auto Select Auto to have the NBG4604 automatically search for an available time server and synchronize the date and time with the time server after you click Apply.User Defined Time Server AddressSelect User Defined Time Server Address and enter the IP address or URL (up to 20 extended ASCII characters in length) of your time server. Check with your ISP/network administrator if you are unsure of this information.Time Zone SetupTime Zone Choose the time zone of your location. This will set the time difference between your time zone and Greenwich Mean Time (GMT). Daylight Savings Daylight saving is a period from late spring to early fall when many countries set their clocks ahead of normal local time by one hour to give more daytime light in the evening.Select this option if you use Daylight Saving Time.Start Date Configure the day and time when Daylight Saving Time starts if you selected Daylight Savings. The o'clock field uses the 24 hour format. Here are a couple of examples:Daylight Saving Time starts in most parts of the United States on the first Sunday of April. Each time zone in the United States starts using Daylight Saving Time at 2 A.M. local time. So in the United States you would select First,Sunday,April and type 2 in the o'clock field.Daylight Saving Time starts in the European Union on the last Sunday of March. All of the time zones in the European Union start using Daylight Saving Time at the same moment (1 A.M. GMT or UTC). So in the European Union you would select Last,Sunday,March. The time you type in the o'clock field depends on your time zone. In Germany for instance, you would type 2 because Germany's time zone is one hour ahead of GMT or UTC (GMT+1). Table 65 Maintenance > System > Time SettingLABEL DESCRIPTIONCompany Confidential
Chapter 21SystemNBG4604 User’s Guide 181End Date Configure the day and time when Daylight Saving Time ends if you selected Daylight Savings. The o'clock field uses the 24 hour format. Here are a couple of examples:Daylight Saving Time ends in the United States on the last Sunday of October. Each time zone in the United States stops using Daylight Saving Time at 2 A.M. local time. So in the United States you would select Last,Sunday,October and type 2 in the o'clock field.Daylight Saving Time ends in the European Union on the last Sunday of October. All of the time zones in the European Union stop using Daylight Saving Time at the same moment (1 A.M. GMT or UTC). So in the European Union you would select Last,Sunday,October. The time you type in the o'clock field depends on your time zone. In Germany for instance, you would type 2 because Germany's time zone is one hour ahead of GMT or UTC (GMT+1). Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the NBG4604.Reset Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh.Table 65 Maintenance > System > Time SettingLABEL DESCRIPTIONCompany Confidential
Chapter 21SystemNBG4604 User’s Guide182Company Confidential
NBG4604 User’s Guide 183CHAPTER 22Logs22.1 OverviewThis chapter contains information about configuring general log settings and viewing the NBG4604’s logs. The Web Configurator allows you to look at all of the NBG4604’s logs in one location. 22.2 What You Can Do•Use the View Log screen (Section 22.4 on page 184) to see the logs for the categories such as system maintenance, system errors, access control, allowed or blocked web sites, blocked web features, and so on.•Use the Log Settings screen (Section 5.8 on page 5) to send copies of the NBG4604 syslog files to a dedicated syslog server.22.3 What You Need to KnowAn alert is a type of log that warrants more serious attention. They include system errors, attacks (access control) and attempted access to blocked web sites or web sites with restricted web features such as cookies, active X and so on. Some categories such as System Errors consist of both logs and alerts. You may differentiate them by their color in the View Log screen. Alerts display in red and logs display in black.Alerts are e-mailed as soon as they happen. Logs may be e-mailed as soon as the log is full (see Log Schedule). Selecting many alert and/or log categories (especially Access Control) may result in many e-mails being sent.Company Confidential
Chapter 22LogsNBG4604 User’s Guide18422.4 View Log ScreenUse the View Log screen to see the logged messages for the NBG4604. Options include logs about system maintenance, system errors, access control, allowed or blocked web sites, blocked web features (such as ActiveX controls, Java and cookies), attacks (such as DoS) and IPSec.Log entries in red indicate system error logs. The log wraps around and deletes the old entries after it fills. Click a column heading to sort the entries. A triangle indicates ascending or descending sort order. Click Maintenance > Logs to open the View Log screen.Figure 104 Maintenance > Logs > View Log The following table describes the labels in this screen.Table 66 Maintenance > Logs > View LogLABEL DESCRIPTIONRefresh Click Refresh to renew the log screen. Clear Log Click Clear Log to delete all the logs. #This is the index number of the log entry.Time This field displays the time the log was recorded. See the chapter on system maintenance and information to configure the NBG4604’s time and date.Message This field states the reason for the log.Company Confidential
Chapter 22LogsNBG4604 User’s Guide 18522.5 Log Settings ScreenUse this screen to send copies of the NBG4604 syslog files to a dedicated syslog server. For information on setting up a syslog server, consult the documentation that came with your syslog server product.Click Maintenance > Logs > Log Settings to open this screen.Figure 105 Maintenance > Logs > Log Settings The following table describes the labels in this screen.Table 67 Maintenance > Logs > Log SettingsLABEL DESCRIPTIONActive Select this to enable syslog logging on this device.Syslog Server IP Address Enter the IP address of the syslog server to receive syslogs from this device.Apply Click Apply to save the setting to the NBG4604.Reset Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh.Company Confidential
Chapter 22LogsNBG4604 User’s Guide186Company Confidential
NBG4604 User’s Guide 187CHAPTER 23Tools23.1 OverviewThis chapter shows you how to upload a new firmware, upload or save backup configuration files and restart the NBG4604.23.2 What You Can Do•Use the Firmware screen (Section 23.3 on page 187) to upload firmware to your NBG4604.•Use the Configuration screen (Section 23.4 on page 190) to view information related to factory defaults, backup configuration, and restoring configuration.•Use the Restart screen (Section 23.5 on page 192) to have the NBG4604 reboot.23.3 Firmware Upload ScreenFind firmware at www.zyxel.com in a file that (usually) uses the system model name with a “*.bin” extension, e.g., “NBG4604.bin”. The upload process uses HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) and may take up to two minutes. After a successful upload, the system will reboot.Company Confidential
Chapter 23ToolsNBG4604 User’s Guide188Click Maintenance > Tools. Follow the instructions in this screen to upload firmware to your NBG4604. Figure 106 Maintenance > Tools > Firmware The following table describes the labels in this screen.Note: Do not turn off the NBG4604 while firmware upload is in progress!After you see the Firmware Upload In Process screen, wait two minutes before logging into the NBG4604 again.Figure 107 Upload WarningTable 68 Maintenance > Tools > Firmware LABEL DESCRIPTIONFile Path Type in the location of the file you want to upload in this field or click Browse... to find it.Browse... Click Browse... to find the .bin file you want to upload. Remember that you must decompress compressed (.zip) files before you can upload them. Upload Click Upload to begin the upload process. This process may take up to two minutes.Company Confidential
Chapter 23ToolsNBG4604 User’s Guide 189The NBG4604 automatically restarts in this time causing a temporary network disconnect. In some operating systems, you may see the following icon on your desktop.Figure 108 Network Temporarily DisconnectedAfter two minutes, log in again and check your new firmware version in the Status screen.If the upload was not successful, the following screen will appear. Click Return to go back to the Firmware screen.Figure 109 Upload Error MessageCompany Confidential
Chapter 23ToolsNBG4604 User’s Guide19023.4 Configuration ScreenClick Maintenance > Tools > Configuration. Information related to factory defaults, backup configuration, and restoring configuration appears as shown next.Figure 110 Maintenance > Tools > Configuration 23.4.1 Backup ConfigurationBackup configuration allows you to back up (save) the NBG4604’s current configuration to a file on your computer. Once your NBG4604 is configured and functioning properly, it is highly recommended that you back up your configuration file before making configuration changes. The backup configuration file will be useful in case you need to return to your previous settings. Click Backup to save the NBG4604’s current configuration to your computer.Company Confidential
Chapter 23ToolsNBG4604 User’s Guide 19123.4.2 Restore ConfigurationRestore configuration allows you to upload a new or previously saved configuration file from your computer to your NBG4604.Note: Do not turn off the NBG4604 while configuration file upload is in progressAfter you see a “configuration upload successful” screen, you must then wait one minute before logging into the NBG4604 again. Figure 111 Configuration Restore SuccessfulThe NBG4604 automatically restarts in this time causing a temporary network disconnect. In some operating systems, you may see the following icon on your desktop.Figure 112 Temporarily DisconnectedIf you uploaded the default configuration file you may need to change the IP address of your computer to be in the same subnet as that of the default NBG4604 IP address (192.168.1.1). See Appendix C on page 229 for details on how to set up your computer’s IP address.Table 69 Maintenance Restore ConfigurationLABEL DESCRIPTIONFile Path Type in the location of the file you want to upload in this field or click Browse... to find it.Browse... Click Browse... to find the file you want to upload. Remember that you must decompress compressed (.ZIP) files before you can upload them. Upload Click Upload to begin the upload process.Company Confidential
Chapter 23ToolsNBG4604 User’s Guide192If the upload was not successful, the following screen will appear. Click Return to go back to the Configuration screen.Figure 113 Configuration Restore Error23.4.3 Back to Factory DefaultsPressing the Reset button in this section clears all user-entered configuration information and returns the NBG4604 to its factory defaults.You can also press the RESET button on the rear panel to reset the factory defaults of your NBG4604. Refer to the chapter about introducing the Web Configurator for more information on the RESET button.23.5 Restart ScreenSystem restart allows you to reboot the NBG4604 without turning the power off. Click Maintenance > Tools > Restart. Click Restart to have the NBG4604 reboot. This does not affect the NBG4604's configuration.Figure 114 Maintenance > Tools > Restart Company Confidential
NBG4604 User’s Guide 193CHAPTER 24Sys OP Mode24.1 OverviewThe Sys OP Mode (System Operation Mode) function lets you configure whether your NBG4604 is a router or AP. You can choose between Router Mode and AP Mode depending on your network topology and the features you require from your device. See Section 1.1 on page 21 for more information on which mode to choose.24.2 What You Can DoUse the General screen (Section 24.4 on page 194) to select how you connect to the Internet. 24.3 What You Need to KnowRouterA router connects your local network with another network, such as the Internet. The router has two IP addresses, the LAN IP address and the WAN IP address.Figure 115 LAN and WAN IP Addresses in Router ModeCompany Confidential
Chapter 24Sys OP ModeNBG4604 User’s Guide194APAn AP extends one network and so has just one IP address. All Ethernet ports on the AP have the same IP address. To connect to the Internet, another device, such as a router, is required.Figure 116 IP Address in AP Mode24.4 General ScreenUse this screen to select how you connect to the Internet. Figure 117 Maintenance > Sys OP Mode > General If you select Router Mode, the following pop-up message window appears.Figure 118 Maintenance > Sys Op Mode > General: Router •In this mode there are both LAN and WAN ports. The LAN Ethernet and WAN Ethernet ports have different IP addresses. •The DHCP server on your device is enabled and allocates IP addresses to other devices on your local network. •The LAN IP address of the device on the local network is set to 192.168.1.1.Company Confidential
Chapter 24Sys OP ModeNBG4604 User’s Guide 195•You can configure the IP address settings on your WAN port. Contact your ISP or system administrator for more information on appropriate settings.If you select Access Point the following pop-up message window appears.Figure 119 Maintenance > Sys Op Mode > General: AP •In AP Mode all Ethernet ports have the same IP address. •All ports on the rear panel of the device are LAN ports, including the port labeled WAN. There is no WAN port.•The DHCP server on your device is disabled. In AP mode there must be a device with a DHCP server on your network such as a router or gateway which can allocate IP addresses.The IP address of the device on the local network is set to 192.168.1.2.The following table describes the labels in the General screen.Table 70 Maintenance > Sys OP Mode > General Note: If you select the incorrect System Operation Mode you cannot connect to the Internet.LABEL DESCRIPTIONSystem Operation ModeRouter Select Router if your device routes traffic between a local network and another network such as the Internet. This mode offers services such as a firewall or content filter.Access Point Select Access Point if your device bridges traffic between clients on the same network.Apply Click Apply to save your settings.Reset Click Reset to return your settings to the default (Router)Company Confidential
Chapter 24Sys OP ModeNBG4604 User’s Guide196Company Confidential
NBG4604 User’s Guide 197CHAPTER 25Language25.1 Language ScreenUse this screen to change the language for the Web Configurator display.Click the language you prefer. The Web Configurator language changes after a while without restarting the NBG4604.Figure 120 LanguageCompany Confidential
Chapter 25LanguageNBG4604 User’s Guide198Company Confidential
NBG4604 User’s Guide 199CHAPTER 26TroubleshootingThis chapter offers some suggestions to solve problems you might encounter. The potential problems are divided into the following categories. •Power, Hardware Connections, and LEDs•NBG4604 Access and Login•Internet Access•Resetting the NBG4604 to Its Factory Defaults•Wireless Router/AP Troubleshooting26.1 Power, Hardware Connections, and LEDsThe NBG4604 does not turn on. None of the LEDs turn on.1Make sure you are using the power adaptor or cord included with the NBG4604.2Make sure the power adaptor or cord is connected to the NBG4604 and plugged in to an appropriate power source. Make sure the power source is turned on.3Disconnect and re-connect the power adaptor or cord to the NBG4604.4If the problem continues, contact the vendor.One of the LEDs does not behave as expected.1Make sure you understand the normal behavior of the LED. See Section 1.5 on page 22.2Check the hardware connections. See the Quick Start Guide. Company Confidential
Chapter 26TroubleshootingNBG4604 User’s Guide2003Inspect your cables for damage. Contact the vendor to replace any damaged cables.4Disconnect and re-connect the power adaptor to the NBG4604. 5If the problem continues, contact the vendor.26.2 NBG4604 Access and LoginI don’t know the IP address of my NBG4604.1The default IP address is 192.168.1.1.2If you changed the IP address and have forgotten it, you might get the IP address of the NBG4604 by looking up the IP address of the default gateway for your computer. To do this in most Windows computers, click Start > Run, enter cmd,and then enter ipconfig. The IP address of the Default Gateway might be the IP address of the NBG4604 (it depends on the network), so enter this IP address in your Internet browser.Set your device to Router Mode, login (see the Quick Start Guide for instructions) and go to the Device Information table in the Statusscreen. Your NBG4604’s IP address is available in the Device Information table. •If the DHCP setting under LAN information is None, your device has a fixed IP address. •If the DHCP setting under LAN information is Client, then your device receives an IP address from a DHCP server on the network. 3If your NBG4604 is a DHCP client, you can find your IP address from the DHCP server. This information is only available from the DHCP server which allocates IP addresses on your network. Find this information directly from the DHCP server or contact your system administrator for more information.4Reset your NBG4604 to change all settings back to their default. This means your current settings are lost. See Section 26.4 on page 203 in the Troubleshootingfor information on resetting your NBG4604. I forgot the password.1The default password is 1234.Company Confidential
Chapter 26TroubleshootingNBG4604 User’s Guide 2012If this does not work, you have to reset the device to its factory defaults. See Section 26.4 on page 203.I cannot see or access the Login screen in the Web Configurator.1Make sure you are using the correct IP address.•The default IP address is 192.168.1.1.•If you changed the IP address (Section 7.3 on page 102), use the new IP address.•If you changed the IP address and have forgotten it, see the troubleshooting suggestions for I don’t know the IP address of my NBG4604.2Check the hardware connections, and make sure the LEDs are behaving as expected. See the Quick Start Guide. 3Make sure your Internet browser does not block pop-up windows and has JavaScripts and Java enabled. See Appendix B on page 221.4Make sure your computer is in the same subnet as the NBG4604. (If you know that there are routers between your computer and the NBG4604, skip this step.)•If there is a DHCP server on your network, make sure your computer is using a dynamic IP address. See Section 7.3 on page 102.•If there is no DHCP server on your network, make sure your computer’s IP address is in the same subnet as the NBG4604. See Section 7.3 on page 102.5Reset the device to its factory defaults, and try to access the NBG4604 with the default IP address. See Section 7.3 on page 102.6If the problem continues, contact the network administrator or vendor, or try one of the advanced suggestions.Advanced Suggestions•If your computer is connected to the WAN port or is connected wirelessly, use a computer that is connected to a LAN/ETHERNET port.I can see the Login screen, but I cannot log in to the NBG4604.1Make sure you have entered the password correctly. The default password is 1234. This field is case-sensitive, so make sure [Caps Lock] is not on. Company Confidential
Chapter 26TroubleshootingNBG4604 User’s Guide2022This can happen when you fail to log out properly from your last session. Try logging in again after 5 minutes.3Disconnect and re-connect the power adaptor or cord to the NBG4604. 4If this does not work, you have to reset the device to its factory defaults. See Section 26.4 on page 203.26.3 Internet AccessI cannot access the Internet.1Check the hardware connections, and make sure the LEDs are behaving as expected. See the Quick Start Guide.2Make sure you entered your ISP account information correctly in the wizard. These fields are case-sensitive, so make sure [Caps Lock] is not on.3If you are trying to access the Internet wirelessly, make sure the wireless settings in the wireless client are the same as the settings in the AP.•Go to Network > Wireless LAN > General > WDS and check if the NBG4604 is set to bridge mode. Select Disable and try to connect to the Internet again.4Disconnect all the cables from your device, and follow the directions in the Quick Start Guide again. 5Go to Maintenance > Sys OP Mode > General. Check your System Operation Mode setting. •Select Router if your device routes traffic between a local network and another network such as the Internet. •Select Access Point if your device bridges traffic between clients on the same network. 6If the problem continues, contact your ISP.I cannot access the Internet anymore. I had access to the Internet (with the NBG4604), but my Internet connection is not available anymore.Company Confidential
Chapter 26TroubleshootingNBG4604 User’s Guide 2031Check the hardware connections, and make sure the LEDs are behaving as expected. See the Quick Start Guide and Section 1.5 on page 22.2Reboot the NBG4604.3If the problem continues, contact your ISP. The Internet connection is slow or intermittent.1There might be a lot of traffic on the network. Look at the LEDs, and check Section 1.5 on page 22. If the NBG4604 is sending or receiving a lot of information, try closing some programs that use the Internet, especially peer-to-peer applications.2Check the signal strength. If the signal strength is low, try moving the NBG4604 closer to the AP if possible, and look around to see if there are any devices that might be interfering with the wireless network (for example, microwaves, other wireless networks, and so on).3Reboot the NBG4604.4If the problem continues, contact the network administrator or vendor, or try one of the advanced suggestions.Advanced Suggestion•Check the settings for QoS. If it is disabled, you might consider activating it.26.4 Resetting the NBG4604 to Its Factory Defaults If you reset the NBG4604, you lose all of the changes you have made. The NBG4604 re-loads its default settings, and the password resets to 1234. You have to make all of your changes again.You will lose all of your changes when you push the RESET button.To reset the NBG4604,1Make sure the power LED is on.Company Confidential
Chapter 26TroubleshootingNBG4604 User’s Guide2042Press the RESET button for longer than 1 second to restart/reboot the NBG4604.3Press the RESET button for longer than five seconds to set the NBG4604 back to its factory-default configurations.If the NBG4604 restarts automatically, wait for the NBG4604 to finish restarting, and log in to the Web Configurator. The password is “1234”.If the NBG4604 does not restart automatically, disconnect and reconnect the NBG4604’s power. Then, follow the directions above again.26.5 Wireless Router/AP TroubleshootingI cannot access the NBG4604 or ping any computer from the WLAN (wireless AP or router).1Make sure the wireless LAN is enabled on the NBG46042Make sure the wireless adapter on the wireless station is working properly.3Make sure the wireless adapter installed on your computer is IEEE 802.11 compatible and supports the same wireless standard as the NBG4604.4Make sure your computer (with a wireless adapter installed) is within the transmission range of the NBG4604.5Check that both the NBG4604 and your wireless station are using the same wireless and wireless security settings.6Make sure traffic between the WLAN and the LAN is not blocked by the firewall on the NBG4604. 7Make sure you allow the NBG4604 to be remotely accessed through the WLAN interface. Check your remote management settings.•See the chapter on Wireless LAN in the User’s Guide for more information.to select Router Mode.I set up URL keyword blocking, but I can still access a website that should be blocked.Company Confidential
Chapter 26TroubleshootingNBG4604 User’s Guide 205Make sure that you select the Enable URL Keyword Blocking check box in the Content Filtering screen. Make sure that the keywords that you type are listed in the Keyword List.If a keyword that is listed in the Keyword List is not blocked when it is found in a URL, customize the keyword blocking using commands. See the Customizing Keyword Blocking URL Checking section in the Content Filter chapter.I can access the Internet, but I cannot open my network folders.In the Network > LAN > Advancedscreen, make sure Allow between LAN and WAN is checked. This is not checked by default to keep the LAN secure.If you still cannot access a network folder, make sure your account has access rights to the folder you are trying to open.I can access the Web Configurator after I switched to AP mode.When you change from router mode to AP mode, your computer must have an IP address in the range between “192.168.1.3” and “192.168.1.254”.Refer to Appendix C on page 229 for instructions on how to change your computer’s IP address.Company Confidential
Chapter 26TroubleshootingNBG4604 User’s Guide206Company Confidential
NBG4604 User’s Guide 207CHAPTER 27Product SpecificationsThe following tables summarize the NBG4604’s hardware and firmware features.Table 71 Hardware FeaturesDimensions (W x D x H) 140 mm x 110 mm x 30 mmWeight 190 gPower Specification Input: 100~240 AC, 50~60 HzOutput: 12 V DC 1AEthernet portsAuto-negotiating: 10/100/1000 Mbps in either half-duplex or full-duplex mode.Auto-crossover: Use either crossover or straight-through Ethernet cables.4-5 Port Switch A combination of switch and router makes your NBG4604 a cost-effective and viable network solution. You can add up to four computers to the NBG4604 without the cost of a hub when connecting to the Internet through the WAN port. You can add up to five computers to the NBG4604 when you connect to the Internet in AP mode. Add more than four computers to your LAN by using a hub.LEDsPWR, LAN1-4, WAN, WLAN, WPSReset Button The reset button is built into the rear panel. Use this button to restore the NBG4604 to its factory default settings. Press for 1 second to restart the device. Press for 5 seconds to restore to factory default settings.WPS button Press the WPS on two WPS enabled devices within 120 seconds for a security-enabled wireless connection.Antenna The NBG4604 is equipped witha 2dBi (2.4GHz) detachable antenna to provide clear radio transmission and reception on the wireless network. Operation Environment Temperature: 0º C ~ 40º C / 32ºF ~ 104ºFHumidity: 20% ~ 90% Storage Environment Temperature: -30º C ~ 70º C / -22ºF ~ 158ºFHumidity: 20% ~ 95% Company Confidential
Chapter 27Product SpecificationsNBG4604 User’s Guide208Table 72 Firmware FeaturesFEATURE DESCRIPTIONDefault LAN IP Address 192.168.1.1 (router)192.168.1.2. (AP)Default LAN Subnet Mask 255.255.255.0 (24 bits)Default Password 1234DHCP Pool 192.168.1.33 to 192.168.1.64 Wireless InterfaceWireless LANDefault Wireless SSIDZyXELDevice ManagementUse the Web Configurator to easily configure the rich range of features on the NBG4604.Wireless FunctionalityAllows IEEE 802.11b and/or IEEE 802.11g wireless clients to connect to the NBG4604 wirelessly. Enable wireless security ( WPA(2)-PSK) and/or MAC filtering to protect your wireless network.Note: The NBG4604 may be prone to RF (Radio Frequency) interference from other 2.4 GHz devices such as microwave ovens, wireless phones, Bluetooth enabled devices, and other wireless LANs.Firmware UpgradeDownload new firmware (when available) from the ZyXEL web site and use the Web Configurator to put it on the NBG4604.Note: Only upload firmware for your specific model!Configuration Backup & Restoration Make a copy of the NBG4604’s configuration and put it back on the NBG4604 later if you decide you want to revert back to an earlier configuration.Network Address Translation (NAT) Each computer on your network must have its own unique IP address. Use NAT to convert a single public IP address to multiple private IP addresses forthe computers on your network.FirewallYou can configure firewall on the NBG4604 for secure Internet access. When the firewall is on, by default, all incoming traffic from the Internet to your network is blocked unless it is initiated from your network. This means that probes from the outside to your network are not allowed, but you can safely browse the Internet and download files for example.Content FilterThe NBG4604 blocks or allows access to web sites that you specify and blocks access to web sites with URLs that contain keywords that you specify. You can define time periods and days during which content filtering is enabled. You can also include or exclude particular computers on your network from content filtering.You can also subscribe to category-based content filtering that allows your NBG4604 to check web sites against an external database.Company Confidential
Chapter 27Product SpecificationsNBG4604 User’s Guide 20927.1 Wall-mounting InstructionsComplete the following steps to hang your NBG4604 on a wall.1Select a position free of obstructions on a sturdy wall. 2Drill two holes for the screws. Be careful to avoid damaging pipes or cables located inside the wall when drilling holes for the screws.Bandwidth Management You can efficiently manage traffic on your network by reserving bandwidth and giving priority to certain types of traffic and/or to particular computers.Remote ManagementThis allows you to decide whether a service (HTTP or FTP traffic for example) from a computer on a network (LAN or WAN for example) can access the NBG4604.Wireless LAN SchedulerYou can schedule the times the Wireless LAN is enabled/disabled.Time and DateGet the current time and date from an external server when you turn on your NBG4604. You can also set the time manually. These dates and times are then used in logs.Port ForwardingIf you have a server (mail or web server for example) on your network, then use this feature to let people access it from the Internet.DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) Use this feature to have the NBG4604 assign IP addresses, an IP default gateway and DNS servers to computers on your network.Dynamic DNS SupportWith Dynamic DNS (Domain Name System) support, you can use a fixed URL, www.zyxel.com for example, with a dynamic IP address. You must register for this service with a Dynamic DNS service provider.IP MulticastIP Multicast is used to send traffic to a specific group of computers. The NBG4604 supports versions 1 and 2 of IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol) used to join multicast groups (see RFC 2236).LoggingUse logs for troubleshooting. You can view logs in the Web Configurator.PPPoEPPPoE mimics a dial-up Internet access connection.PPTP EncapsulationPoint-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP) enables secure transfer of data through a Virtual Private Network (VPN). The NBG4604 supports one PPTP connection at a time.Universal Plug and Play (UPnP) The NBG4604 can communicate with other UPnP enabled devices in a network. Table 72 Firmware FeaturesFEATURE DESCRIPTIONCompany Confidential
Chapter 27Product SpecificationsNBG4604 User’s Guide2103Do not insert the screws all the way into the wall. Leave a small gap of about 0.5 cm between the heads of the screws and the wall. 4Make sure the screws are snugly fastened to the wall. They need to hold the weight of the NBG4604 with the connection cables. 5Align the holes on the back of the NBG4604 with the screws on the wall. Hang the NBG4604 on the screws.Figure 121 Wall-mounting ExampleThe following are dimensions of an M4 tap screw and masonry plug used for wall mounting. All measurements are in millimeters (mm). Figure 122 Masonry Plug and M4 Tap ScrewCompany Confidential
NBG4604 User’s Guide 211APPENDIX A IP Addresses and SubnettingThis appendix introduces IP addresses and subnet masks. IP addresses identify individual devices on a network. Every networking device (including computers, servers, routers, printers, etc.) needs an IP address to communicate across the network. These networking devices are also known as hosts.Subnet masks determine the maximum number of possible hosts on a network. You can also use subnet masks to divide one network into multiple sub-networks.Introduction to IP AddressesOne part of the IP address is the network number, and the other part is the host ID. In the same way that houses on a street share a common street name, the hosts on a network share a common network number. Similarly, as each house has its own house number, each host on the network has its own unique identifying number - the host ID. Routers use the network number to send packets to the correct network, while the host ID determines to which host on the network the packets are delivered.StructureAn IP address is made up of four parts, written in dotted decimal notation (for example, 192.168.1.1). Each of these four parts is known as an octet. An octet is an eight-digit binary number (for example 11000000, which is 192 in decimal notation). Therefore, each octet has a possible range of 00000000 to 11111111 in binary, or 0 to 255 in decimal.Company Confidential
Appendix AIP Addresses and SubnettingNBG4604 User’s Guide212The following figure shows an example IP address in which the first three octets (192.168.1) are the network number, and the fourth octet (16) is the host ID.Figure 123 Network Number and Host IDHow much of the IP address is the network number and how much is the host ID varies according to the subnet mask. Subnet MasksA subnet mask is used to determine which bits are part of the network number, and which bits are part of the host ID (using a logical AND operation). The term “subnet” is short for “sub-network”.A subnet mask has 32 bits. If a bit in the subnet mask is a “1” then the corresponding bit in the IP address is part of the network number. If a bit in the subnet mask is “0” then the corresponding bit in the IP address is part of the host ID. The following example shows a subnet mask identifying the network number (in bold text) and host ID of an IP address (192.168.1.2 in decimal).Table 73 Subnet Mask - Identifying Network Number1STOCTET:(192)2NDOCTET:(168)3RDOCTET:(1)4TH OCTET(2)IP Address (Binary)11000000101010000000000100000010Subnet Mask (Binary) 111111111111111111111111 00000000Company Confidential
Appendix AIP Addresses and SubnettingNBG4604 User’s Guide 213By convention, subnet masks always consist of a continuous sequence of ones beginning from the leftmost bit of the mask, followed by a continuous sequence of zeros, for a total number of 32 bits.Subnet masks can be referred to by the size of the network number part (the bits with a “1” value). For example, an “8-bit mask” means that the first 8 bits of the mask are ones and the remaining 24 bits are zeroes.Subnet masks are expressed in dotted decimal notation just like IP addresses. The following examples show the binary and decimal notation for 8-bit, 16-bit, 24-bit and 29-bit subnet masks. Network SizeThe size of the network number determines the maximum number of possible hosts you can have on your network. The larger the number of network number bits, the smaller the number of remaining host ID bits. An IP address with host IDs of all zeros is the IP address of the network (192.168.1.0 with a 24-bit subnet mask, for example). An IP address with host IDs of all ones is the broadcast address for that network (192.168.1.255 with a 24-bit subnet mask, for example).Network Number 110000001010100000000001Host ID00000010Table 74 Subnet MasksBINARYDECIMAL1STOCTET 2NDOCTET 3RDOCTET 4THOCTET8-bit mask 11111111 00000000 00000000 00000000 255.0.0.016-bitmask 11111111 11111111 00000000 00000000 255.255.0.024-bitmask 11111111 11111111 11111111 00000000 255.255.255.029-bitmask 11111111 11111111 11111111 11111000 255.255.255.248Table 73 Subnet Mask - Identifying Network Number1STOCTET:(192)2NDOCTET:(168)3RDOCTET:(1)4TH OCTET(2)Company Confidential
Appendix AIP Addresses and SubnettingNBG4604 User’s Guide214As these two IP addresses cannot be used for individual hosts, calculate the maximum number of possible hosts in a network as follows:NotationSince the mask is always a continuous number of ones beginning from the left, followed by a continuous number of zeros for the remainder of the 32 bit mask, you can simply specify the number of ones instead of writing the value of each octet. This is usually specified by writing a “/” followed by the number of bits in the mask after the address. For example, 192.1.1.0 /25 is equivalent to saying 192.1.1.0 with subnet mask 255.255.255.128. The following table shows some possible subnet masks using both notations. Table 75 Maximum Host NumbersSUBNET MASK HOST ID SIZE MAXIMUM NUMBER OF HOSTS8 bits255.0.0.024 bits224 – 21677721416 bits255.255.0.016 bits216 – 26553424 bits255.255.255.08 bits28 – 225429 bits255.255.255.248 3 bits23 – 26Table 76 Alternative Subnet Mask NotationSUBNET MASK ALTERNATIVE NOTATION LAST OCTET (BINARY) LAST OCTET (DECIMAL)255.255.255.0 /24 0000 0000 0255.255.255.128/25 1000 0000 128255.255.255.192/26 1100 0000 192255.255.255.224/27 1110 0000 224255.255.255.240/28 1111 0000 240255.255.255.248/29 1111 1000 248255.255.255.252/30 1111 1100 252Company Confidential
Appendix AIP Addresses and SubnettingNBG4604 User’s Guide 215SubnettingYou can use subnetting to divide one network into multiple sub-networks. In the following example a network administrator creates two sub-networks to isolate a group of servers from the rest of the company network for security reasons.In this example, the company network address is 192.168.1.0. The first three octets of the address (192.168.1) are the network number, and the remaining octet is the host ID, allowing a maximum of 28 – 2 or 254 possible hosts.The following figure shows the company network before subnetting. Figure 124 Subnetting Example: Before SubnettingYou can “borrow” one of the host ID bits to divide the network 192.168.1.0 into two separate sub-networks. The subnet mask is now 25 bits (255.255.255.128 or /25).The “borrowed” host ID bit can have a value of either 0 or 1, allowing two subnets; 192.168.1.0 /25 and 192.168.1.128 /25. Company Confidential
Appendix AIP Addresses and SubnettingNBG4604 User’s Guide216The following figure shows the company network after subnetting. There are now two sub-networks, A and B.Figure 125 Subnetting Example: After SubnettingIn a 25-bit subnet the host ID has 7 bits, so each sub-network has a maximum of 27 – 2 or 126 possible hosts (a host ID of all zeroes is the subnet’s address itself, all ones is the subnet’s broadcast address).192.168.1.0 with mask 255.255.255.128 is subnet A itself, and 192.168.1.127 with mask 255.255.255.128 is its broadcast address. Therefore, the lowest IP address that can be assigned to an actual host for subnet A is 192.168.1.1 and the highest is 192.168.1.126. Similarly, the host ID range for subnet B is 192.168.1.129 to 192.168.1.254.Example: Four Subnets The previous example illustrated using a 25-bit subnet mask to divide a 24-bit address into two subnets. Similarly, to divide a 24-bit address into four subnets, you need to “borrow” two host ID bits to give four possible combinations (00, 01, 10 and 11). The subnet mask is 26 bits (11111111.11111111.11111111.11000000) or 255.255.255.192. Company Confidential
Appendix AIP Addresses and SubnettingNBG4604 User’s Guide 217Each subnet contains 6 host ID bits, giving 26 - 2 or 62 hosts for each subnet (a host ID of all zeroes is the subnet itself, all ones is the subnet’s broadcast address). Table 77 Subnet 1IP/SUBNET MASK NETWORK NUMBER LAST OCTET BIT VALUEIP Address (Decimal) 192.168.1. 0IP Address (Binary) 11000000.10101000.00000001. 00000000Subnet Mask (Binary) 11111111.11111111.11111111. 11000000Subnet Address: 192.168.1.0 Lowest Host ID: 192.168.1.1Broadcast Address: 192.168.1.63 Highest Host ID: 192.168.1.62Table 78 Subnet 2IP/SUBNET MASK NETWORK NUMBER LAST OCTET BIT VALUEIP Address 192.168.1. 64IP Address (Binary) 11000000.10101000.00000001. 01000000Subnet Mask (Binary) 11111111.11111111.11111111. 11000000Subnet Address: 192.168.1.64 Lowest Host ID: 192.168.1.65Broadcast Address: 192.168.1.127 Highest Host ID: 192.168.1.126Table 79 Subnet 3IP/SUBNET MASK NETWORK NUMBER LAST OCTET BIT VALUEIP Address 192.168.1. 128IP Address (Binary) 11000000.10101000.00000001. 10000000Subnet Mask (Binary) 11111111.11111111.11111111. 11000000Subnet Address: 192.168.1.128 Lowest Host ID: 192.168.1.129Broadcast Address: 192.168.1.191 Highest Host ID: 192.168.1.190Table 80 Subnet 4IP/SUBNET MASK NETWORK NUMBER LAST OCTET BIT VALUEIP Address 192.168.1. 192IP Address (Binary) 11000000.10101000.00000001.11000000Subnet Mask (Binary) 11111111.11111111.11111111.11000000Company Confidential
Appendix AIP Addresses and SubnettingNBG4604 User’s Guide218Example: Eight SubnetsSimilarly, use a 27-bit mask to create eight subnets (000, 001, 010, 011, 100, 101, 110 and 111). The following table shows IP address last octet values for each subnet.Subnet PlanningThe following table is a summary for subnet planning on a network with a 24-bit network number.Subnet Address: 192.168.1.192 Lowest Host ID: 192.168.1.193Broadcast Address: 192.168.1.255 Highest Host ID: 192.168.1.254Table 80 Subnet 4 (continued)IP/SUBNET MASK NETWORK NUMBER LAST OCTET BIT VALUETable 81 Eight SubnetsSUBNET SUBNET ADDRESS FIRST ADDRESS LAST ADDRESS BROADCAST ADDRESS10130 312 32 33 62 633 64 65 94 954 96 97 126 1275 128 129 158 1596 160 161 190 1917 192 193 222 2238 224 225 254 255Table 82 24-bit Network Number Subnet PlanningNO. “BORROWED” HOST BITS SUBNET MASK NO. SUBNETS NO. HOSTS PER SUBNET1255.255.255.128 (/25) 2 1262 255.255.255.192 (/26) 4 623 255.255.255.224 (/27) 8 304 255.255.255.240 (/28) 16 145 255.255.255.248 (/29) 32 66 255.255.255.252 (/30) 64 27 255.255.255.254 (/31) 128 1Company Confidential
Appendix AIP Addresses and SubnettingNBG4604 User’s Guide 219The following table is a summary for subnet planning on a network with a 16-bit network number. Configuring IP AddressesWhere you obtain your network number depends on your particular situation. If the ISP or your network administrator assigns you a block of registered IP addresses, follow their instructions in selecting the IP addresses and the subnet mask.If the ISP did not explicitly give you an IP network number, then most likely you have a single user account and the ISP will assign you a dynamic IP address when the connection is established. If this is the case, it is recommended that you select a network number from 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.0. The Internet Assigned Number Authority (IANA) reserved this block of addresses specifically for private use; please do not use any other number unless you are told otherwise. You must also enable Network Address Translation (NAT) on the NBG4604. Once you have decided on the network number, pick an IP address for your NBG4604 that is easy to remember (for instance, 192.168.1.1) but make sure that no other device on your network is using that IP address.The subnet mask specifies the network number portion of an IP address. Your NBG4604 will compute the subnet mask automatically based on the IP address Table 83 16-bit Network Number Subnet PlanningNO. “BORROWED” HOST BITS SUBNET MASK NO. SUBNETS NO. HOSTS PER SUBNET1255.255.128.0 (/17) 2 327662 255.255.192.0 (/18) 4 163823 255.255.224.0 (/19) 8 81904255.255.240.0 (/20) 16 40945255.255.248.0 (/21) 32 20466255.255.252.0 (/22) 64 10227255.255.254.0 (/23) 128 5108 255.255.255.0 (/24) 256 2549 255.255.255.128 (/25) 512 12610 255.255.255.192 (/26) 1024 6211 255.255.255.224 (/27) 2048 3012 255.255.255.240 (/28) 4096 1413 255.255.255.248 (/29) 8192 614 255.255.255.252 (/30) 16384 215 255.255.255.254 (/31) 32768 1Company Confidential
Appendix AIP Addresses and SubnettingNBG4604 User’s Guide220that you entered. You don't need to change the subnet mask computed by the NBG4604 unless you are instructed to do otherwise.Private IP AddressesEvery machine on the Internet must have a unique address. If your networks are isolated from the Internet (running only between two branch offices, for example) you can assign any IP addresses to the hosts without problems. However, the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) has reserved the following three blocks of IP addresses specifically for private networks:•10.0.0.0 — 10.255.255.255•172.16.0.0 — 172.31.255.255•192.168.0.0 — 192.168.255.255You can obtain your IP address from the IANA, from an ISP, or it can be assigned from a private network. If you belong to a small organization and your Internet access is through an ISP, the ISP can provide you with the Internet addresses for your local networks. On the other hand, if you are part of a much larger organization, you should consult your network administrator for the appropriate IP addresses.Regardless of your particular situation, do not create an arbitrary IP address; always follow the guidelines above. For more information on address assignment, please refer to RFC 1597, Address Allocation for Private Internets and RFC 1466, Guidelines for Management of IP Address Space.Company Confidential
NBG4604 User’s Guide 221APPENDIX B Pop-up Windows, JavaScriptand Java PermissionsIn order to use the Web Configurator you need to allow:•Web browser pop-up windows from your device.•JavaScript (enabled by default).•Java permissions (enabled by default).Note: Internet Explorer 6 screens are used here. Screens for other Internet Explorer versions may vary.Internet Explorer Pop-up BlockersYou may have to disable pop-up blocking to log into your device. Either disable pop-up blocking (enabled by default in Windows XP SP (Service Pack) 2) or allow pop-up blocking and create an exception for your device’s IP address.Disable pop-up Blockers1In Internet Explorer, select Tools,Pop-up Blocker and then select Turn Off Pop-up Blocker.Figure 126 Pop-up BlockerYou can also check if pop-up blocking is disabled in the Pop-up Blocker section in the Privacy tab. Company Confidential
Appendix BPop-up Windows, JavaScript and Java PermissionsNBG4604 User’s Guide2221In Internet Explorer, select Tools,Internet Options,Privacy.2Clear the Block pop-ups check box in the Pop-up Blocker section of the screen. This disables any web pop-up blockers you may have enabled. Figure 127 Internet Options: Privacy3Click Apply to save this setting.Enable pop-up Blockers with ExceptionsAlternatively, if you only want to allow pop-up windows from your device, see the following steps.1In Internet Explorer, select Tools,Internet Options and then the Privacy tab. Company Confidential
Appendix BPop-up Windows, JavaScript and Java PermissionsNBG4604 User’s Guide 2232Select Settings…to open the Pop-up Blocker Settings screen.Figure 128 Internet Options: Privacy3Type the IP address of your device (the web page that you do not want to have blocked) with the prefix “http://”. For example, http://192.168.167.1. Company Confidential
Appendix BPop-up Windows, JavaScript and Java PermissionsNBG4604 User’s Guide2244Click Add to move the IP address to the list of Allowed sites.Figure 129 Pop-up Blocker Settings5Click Close to return to the Privacy screen. 6Click Apply to save this setting. JavaScriptsIf pages of the Web Configurator do not display properly in Internet Explorer, check that JavaScripts are allowed. Company Confidential
Appendix BPop-up Windows, JavaScript and Java PermissionsNBG4604 User’s Guide 2251In Internet Explorer, click Tools,Internet Options and then the Security tab. Figure 130 Internet Options: Security 2Click the Custom Level... button. 3Scroll down to Scripting.4Under Active scripting make sure that Enable is selected (the default).5Under Scripting of Java applets make sure that Enable is selected (the default). Company Confidential
Appendix BPop-up Windows, JavaScript and Java PermissionsNBG4604 User’s Guide2266Click OK to close the window.Figure 131 Security Settings - Java ScriptingJava Permissions1From Internet Explorer, click Tools,Internet Options and then the Securitytab. 2Click the Custom Level... button. 3Scroll down to Microsoft VM.4Under Java permissions make sure that a safety level is selected.Company Confidential
Appendix BPop-up Windows, JavaScript and Java PermissionsNBG4604 User’s Guide 2275Click OK to close the window.Figure 132 Security Settings - Java JAVA (Sun)1From Internet Explorer, click Tools,Internet Options and then the Advancedtab. 2Make sure that Use Java 2 for <applet> under Java (Sun) is selected.Company Confidential
Appendix BPop-up Windows, JavaScript and Java PermissionsNBG4604 User’s Guide2283Click OK to close the window.Figure 133 Java (Sun)Company Confidential
NBG4604 User’s Guide 229APPENDIX C Setting up Your Computer’s IPAddressAll computers must have a 10M or 100M Ethernet adapter card and TCP/IP installed. Windows 95/98/Me/NT/2000/XP, Macintosh OS 7 and later operating systems and all versions of UNIX/LINUX include the software components you need to install and use TCP/IP on your computer. Windows 3.1 requires the purchase of a third-party TCP/IP application package.TCP/IP should already be installed on computers using Windows NT/2000/XP, Macintosh OS 7 and later operating systems.After the appropriate TCP/IP components are installed, configure the TCP/IP settings in order to "communicate" with your network. If you manually assign IP information instead of using dynamic assignment, make sure that your computers have IP addresses that place them in the same subnet as the Prestige’s LAN port.Company Confidential
Appendix CSetting up Your Computer’s IP AddressNBG4604 User’s Guide230Windows 95/98/MeClick Start,Settings,Control Panel and double-click the Network icon to open the Network window.Figure 134 WIndows 95/98/Me: Network: ConfigurationInstalling ComponentsThe Network window Configuration tab displays a list of installed components. You need a network adapter, the TCP/IP protocol and Client for Microsoft Networks.If you need the adapter:1In the Network window, click Add.2Select Adapter and then click Add.3Select the manufacturer and model of your network adapter and then click OK.If you need TCP/IP:1In the Network window, click Add.2Select Protocol and then click Add.Company Confidential
Appendix CSetting up Your Computer’s IP AddressNBG4604 User’s Guide 2313Select Microsoft from the list of manufacturers.4Select TCP/IP from the list of network protocols and then click OK.If you need Client for Microsoft Networks:1Click Add.2Select Client and then click Add.3Select Microsoft from the list of manufacturers.4Select Client for Microsoft Networks from the list of network clients and then click OK.5Restart your computer so the changes you made take effect.Configuring1In the Network window Configuration tab, select your network adapter's TCP/IP entry and click Properties2Click the IP Address tab.•If your IP address is dynamic, select Obtain an IP address automatically.•If you have a static IP address, select Specify an IP address and type your information into the IP Address and Subnet Mask fields.Figure 135 Windows 95/98/Me: TCP/IP Properties: IP AddressCompany Confidential
Appendix CSetting up Your Computer’s IP AddressNBG4604 User’s Guide2323Click the DNS Configuration tab.•If you do not know your DNS information, select Disable DNS.•If you know your DNS information, select Enable DNS and type the information in the fields below (you may not need to fill them all in).Figure 136 Windows 95/98/Me: TCP/IP Properties: DNS Configuration4Click the Gateway tab.•If you do not know your gateway’s IP address, remove previously installed gateways.•If you have a gateway IP address, type it in the New gateway field and click Add.5Click OK to save and close the TCP/IP Properties window.6Click OK to close the Network window. Insert the Windows CD if prompted.7Turn on your Prestige and restart your computer when prompted.Verifying Settings1Click Start and then Run.2In the Run window, type "winipcfg" and then click OK to open the IPConfiguration window.Company Confidential
Appendix CSetting up Your Computer’s IP AddressNBG4604 User’s Guide 2333Select your network adapter. You should see your computer's IP address, subnet mask and default gateway.Windows 2000/NT/XPThe following example figures use the default Windows XP GUI theme.1Click start (Start in Windows 2000/NT), Settings,Control Panel.Figure 137 Windows XP: Start MenuCompany Confidential
Appendix CSetting up Your Computer’s IP AddressNBG4604 User’s Guide2342In the Control Panel, double-click Network Connections (Network and Dial-up Connections in Windows 2000/NT).Figure 138 Windows XP: Control Panel3Right-click Local Area Connection and then click Properties.Figure 139 Windows XP: Control Panel: Network Connections: PropertiesCompany Confidential
Appendix CSetting up Your Computer’s IP AddressNBG4604 User’s Guide 2354Select Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) (under the General tab in Win XP) and then click Properties.Figure 140 Windows XP: Local Area Connection Properties5The Internet Protocol TCP/IP Properties window opens (the General tab in Windows XP).•If you have a dynamic IP address click Obtain an IP address automatically.•If you have a static IP address click Use the following IP Address and fill in the IP address,Subnet mask, and Default gateway fields. Company Confidential
Appendix CSetting up Your Computer’s IP AddressNBG4604 User’s Guide236•Click Advanced.Figure 141 Windows XP: Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties6 If you do not know your gateway's IP address, remove any previously installed gateways in the IP Settings tab and click OK.Do one or more of the following if you want to configure additional IP addresses:•In the IP Settings tab, in IP addresses, click Add.•In TCP/IP Address, type an IP address in IP address and a subnet mask in Subnet mask, and then click Add.•Repeat the above two steps for each IP address you want to add.•Configure additional default gateways in the IP Settings tab by clicking Addin Default gateways.•In TCP/IP Gateway Address, type the IP address of the default gateway in Gateway. To manually configure a default metric (the number of transmission hops), clear the Automatic metric check box and type a metric in Metric.•Click Add.•Repeat the previous three steps for each default gateway you want to add.Company Confidential
Appendix CSetting up Your Computer’s IP AddressNBG4604 User’s Guide 237•Click OK when finished.Figure 142 Windows XP: Advanced TCP/IP Properties7In the Internet Protocol TCP/IP Properties window (the General tab in Windows XP):•Click Obtain DNS server address automatically if you do not know your DNS server IP address(es).•If you know your DNS server IP address(es), click Use the following DNS server addresses, and type them in the Preferred DNSserver and Alternate DNS server fields. Company Confidential
Appendix CSetting up Your Computer’s IP AddressNBG4604 User’s Guide238If you have previously configured DNS servers, click Advanced and then the DNS tab to order them.Figure 143 Windows XP: Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties8Click OK to close the Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties window.9Click Close (OK in Windows 2000/NT) to close the Local Area Connection Properties window.10 Close the Network Connections window (Network and Dial-up Connections in Windows 2000/NT).11 Turn on your Prestige and restart your computer (if prompted).Verifying Settings1Click Start,All Programs,Accessories and then Command Prompt.2In the Command Prompt window, type "ipconfig" and then press [ENTER]. You can also open Network Connections, right-click a network connection, click Status and then click the Support tab.Company Confidential
Appendix CSetting up Your Computer’s IP AddressNBG4604 User’s Guide 239Macintosh OS 8/9 1Click the Apple menu, Control Panel and double-click TCP/IP to open the TCP/IP Control Panel.Figure 144 Macintosh OS 8/9: Apple MenuCompany Confidential
Appendix CSetting up Your Computer’s IP AddressNBG4604 User’s Guide2402Select Ethernet built-in from the Connect via list.Figure 145 Macintosh OS 8/9: TCP/IP3For dynamically assigned settings, select Using DHCP Server from the Configure: list.4For statically assigned settings, do the following:•From the Configure box, select Manually.•Type your IP address in the IP Address box.•Type your subnet mask in the Subnet mask box.•Type the IP address of your Prestige in the Router address box.5Close the TCP/IP Control Panel.6Click Save if prompted, to save changes to your configuration.7Turn on your Prestige and restart your computer (if prompted).Verifying SettingsCheck your TCP/IP properties in the TCP/IP Control Panel window.Company Confidential
Appendix CSetting up Your Computer’s IP AddressNBG4604 User’s Guide 241Macintosh OS X1Click the Apple menu, and click System Preferences to open the SystemPreferences window.Figure 146 Macintosh OS X: Apple Menu2Click Network in the icon bar. •Select Automatic from the Location list.•Select Built-in Ethernet from the Show list. •Click the TCP/IP tab.3For dynamically assigned settings, select Using DHCP from the Configure list.Figure 147 Macintosh OS X: NetworkCompany Confidential
Appendix CSetting up Your Computer’s IP AddressNBG4604 User’s Guide2424For statically assigned settings, do the following:•From the Configure box, select Manually.•Type your IP address in the IP Address box.•Type your subnet mask in the Subnet mask box.•Type the IP address of your Prestige in the Router address box.5Click Apply Now and close the window.6Turn on your Prestige and restart your computer (if prompted).Verifying SettingsCheck your TCP/IP properties in the Network window.LinuxThis section shows you how to configure your computer’s TCP/IP settings in Red Hat Linux 9.0. Procedure, screens and file location may vary depending on your Linux distribution and release version. Note: Make sure you are logged in as the root administrator. Using the K Desktop Environment (KDE)Follow the steps below to configure your computer IP address using the KDE. 1Click the Red Hat button (located on the bottom left corner), select SystemSetting and click Network.Figure 148 Red Hat 9.0: KDE: Network Configuration: Devices Company Confidential
Appendix CSetting up Your Computer’s IP AddressNBG4604 User’s Guide 2432Double-click on the profile of the network card you wish to configure. The Ethernet Device General screen displays as shown. Figure 149 Red Hat 9.0: KDE: Ethernet Device: General •If you have a dynamic IP address click Automatically obtain IP address settings with and select dhcp from the drop down list. •If you have a static IP address click Statically set IP Addresses and fill in the Address,Subnet mask, and Default Gateway Address fields. 3Click OK to save the changes and close the Ethernet Device General screen. 4If you know your DNS server IP address(es), click the DNS tab in the Network Configuration screen. Enter the DNS server information in the fields provided. Figure 150 Red Hat 9.0: KDE: Network Configuration: DNS Company Confidential
Appendix CSetting up Your Computer’s IP AddressNBG4604 User’s Guide2445Click the Devices tab. 6Click the Activate button to apply the changes. The following screen displays. Click Yes to save the changes in all screens.Figure 151 Red Hat 9.0: KDE: Network Configuration: Activate 7After the network card restart process is complete, make sure the Status is Active in the Network Configuration screen.Using Configuration FilesFollow the steps below to edit the network configuration files and set your computer IP address. 1Assuming that you have only one network card on the computer, locate the ifconfig-eth0 configuration file (where eth0 is the name of the Ethernet card). Open the configuration file with any plain text editor.•If you have a dynamic IP address, enter dhcp in the BOOTPROTO= field. The following figure shows an example. Figure 152 Red Hat 9.0: Dynamic IP Address Setting in ifconfig-eth0 DEVICE=eth0ONBOOT=yesBOOTPROTO=dhcpUSERCTL=noPEERDNS=yesTYPE=EthernetCompany Confidential
Appendix CSetting up Your Computer’s IP AddressNBG4604 User’s Guide 245•If you have a static IP address, enter static in the BOOTPROTO= field. Type IPADDR= followed by the IP address (in dotted decimal notation) and type NETMASK= followed by the subnet mask. The following example shows an example where the static IP address is 192.168.1.10 and the subnet mask is 255.255.255.0. Figure 153 Red Hat 9.0: Static IP Address Setting in ifconfig-eth0 2If you know your DNS server IP address(es), enter the DNS server information in the resolv.conf file in the /etc directory. The following figure shows an example where two DNS server IP addresses are specified.Figure 154 Red Hat 9.0: DNS Settings in resolv.conf 3After you edit and save the configuration files, you must restart the network card. Enter./network restart in the /etc/rc.d/init.d directory. The following figure shows an example.Figure 155 Red Hat 9.0: Restart Ethernet Card DEVICE=eth0ONBOOT=yesBOOTPROTO=staticIPADDR=192.168.1.10NETMASK=255.255.255.0USERCTL=noPEERDNS=yesTYPE=Ethernetnameserver 172.23.5.1nameserver 172.23.5.2[root@localhost init.d]# network restartShutting down interface eth0: [OK]Shutting down loopback interface: [OK]Setting network parameters: [OK]Bringing up loopback interface: [OK]Bringing up interface eth0: [OK]Company Confidential
Appendix CSetting up Your Computer’s IP AddressNBG4604 User’s Guide24627.1.1 Verifying SettingsEnter ifconfig in a terminal screen to check your TCP/IP properties. Figure 156 Red Hat 9.0: Checking TCP/IP Properties [root@localhost]# ifconfig eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:50:BA:72:5B:44 inet addr:172.23.19.129 Bcast:172.23.19.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:717 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:13 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:100 RX bytes:730412 (713.2 Kb) TX bytes:1570 (1.5 Kb) Interrupt:10 Base address:0x1000 [root@localhost]#Company Confidential
NBG4604 User’s Guide 247APPENDIX D Wireless LANsWireless LAN TopologiesThis section discusses ad-hoc and infrastructure wireless LAN topologies.Ad-hoc Wireless LAN ConfigurationThe simplest WLAN configuration is an independent (Ad-hoc) WLAN that connects a set of computers with wireless stations (A, B, C). Any time two or more wireless adapters are within range of each other, they can set up an independent network, which is commonly referred to as an Ad-hoc network or Independent Basic Service Set (IBSS). The following diagram shows an example of notebook computers using wireless adapters to form an Ad-hoc wireless LAN. Figure 157 Peer-to-Peer Communication in an Ad-hoc NetworkBSSA Basic Service Set (BSS) exists when all communications between wireless stations or between a wireless station and a wired network client go through one access point (AP). Intra-BSS traffic is traffic between wireless stations in the BSS. When Intra-BSS is enabled, wireless station A and B can access the wired network and communicate Company Confidential
Appendix DWireless LANsNBG4604 User’s Guide248with each other. When Intra-BSS is disabled, wireless station A and B can still access the wired network but cannot communicate with each other.Figure 158 Basic Service SetESSAn Extended Service Set (ESS) consists of a series of overlapping BSSs, each containing an access point, with each access point connected together by a wired network. This wired connection between APs is called a Distribution System (DS).This type of wireless LAN topology is called an Infrastructure WLAN. The Access Points not only provide communication with the wired network but also mediate wireless network traffic in the immediate neighborhood. Company Confidential
Appendix DWireless LANsNBG4604 User’s Guide 249An ESSID (ESS IDentification) uniquely identifies each ESS. All access points and their associated wireless stations within the same ESS must have the same ESSID in order to communicate.Figure 159 Infrastructure WLANChannelA channel is the radio frequency(ies) used by IEEE 802.11a/b/g wireless devices. Channels available depend on your geographical area. You may have a choice of channels (for your region) so you should use a different channel than an adjacent AP (access point) to reduce interference. Interference occurs when radio signals from different access points overlap causing interference and degrading performance.Adjacent channels partially overlap however. To avoid interference due to overlap, your AP should be on a channel at least five channels away from a channel that an adjacent AP is using. For example, if your region has 11 channels and an adjacent AP is using channel 1, then you need to select a channel between 6 or 11.RTS/CTSA hidden node occurs when two stations are within range of the same access point, but are not within range of each other. The following figure illustrates a hidden node. Both stations (STA) are within range of the access point (AP) or Company Confidential
Appendix DWireless LANsNBG4604 User’s Guide250wireless gateway, but out-of-range of each other, so they cannot "hear" each other, that is they do not know if the channel is currently being used. Therefore, they are considered hidden from each other. Figure 160 RTS/CTSWhen station A sends data to the AP, it might not know that the station B is already using the channel. If these two stations send data at the same time, collisions may occur when both sets of data arrive at the AP at the same time, resulting in a loss of messages for both stations.RTS/CTS is designed to prevent collisions due to hidden nodes. An RTS/CTS defines the biggest size data frame you can send before an RTS (Request To Send)/CTS (Clear to Send) handshake is invoked.When a data frame exceeds the RTS/CTS value you set (between 0 to 2432 bytes), the station that wants to transmit this frame must first send an RTS (Request To Send) message to the AP for permission to send it. The AP then responds with a CTS (Clear to Send) message to all other stations within its range to notify them to defer their transmission. It also reserves and confirms with the requesting station the time frame for the requested transmission.Stations can send frames smaller than the specified RTS/CTS directly to the AP without the RTS (Request To Send)/CTS (Clear to Send) handshake. You should only configure RTS/CTS if the possibility of hidden nodes exists on your network and the "cost" of resending large frames is more than the extra network overhead involved in the RTS (Request To Send)/CTS (Clear to Send) handshake. If the RTS/CTS value is greater than the Fragmentation Threshold value (see next), then the RTS (Request To Send)/CTS (Clear to Send) handshake will never occur as data frames will be fragmented before they reach RTS/CTS size. Note: Enabling the RTS Threshold causes redundant network overhead that could negatively affect the throughput performance instead of providing a remedy.Company Confidential
Appendix DWireless LANsNBG4604 User’s Guide 251Fragmentation ThresholdAFragmentation Threshold is the maximum data fragment size (between 256 and 2432 bytes) that can be sent in the wireless network before the AP will fragment the packet into smaller data frames.A large Fragmentation Threshold is recommended for networks not prone to interference while you should set a smaller threshold for busy networks or networks that are prone to interference.If the Fragmentation Threshold value is smaller than the RTS/CTS value (see previously) you set then the RTS (Request To Send)/CTS (Clear to Send) handshake will never occur as data frames will be fragmented before they reach RTS/CTS size.Preamble TypeA preamble is used to synchronize the transmission timing in your wireless network. There are two preamble modes: Long and Short.Short preamble takes less time to process and minimizes overhead, so it should be used in a good wireless network environment when all wireless stations support it. Select Long if you have a ‘noisy’ network or are unsure of what preamble mode your wireless stations support as all IEEE 802.11b compliant wireless adapters must support long preamble. However, not all wireless adapters support short preamble. Use long preamble if you are unsure what preamble mode the wireless adapters support, to ensure interpretability between the AP and the wireless stations and to provide more reliable communication in ‘noisy’ networks. Select Dynamic to have the AP automatically use short preamble when all wireless stations support it, otherwise the AP uses long preamble.Note: The AP and the wireless stations MUSTuse the same preamble mode in order to communicate.IEEE 802.11g Wireless LANIEEE 802.11g is fully compatible with the IEEE 802.11b standard. This means an IEEE 802.11b adapter can interface directly with an IEEE 802.11g access point (and vice versa) at 11 Mbps or lower depending on range. IEEE 802.11g has Company Confidential
Appendix DWireless LANsNBG4604 User’s Guide252several intermediate rate steps between the maximum and minimum data rates. The IEEE 802.11g data rate and modulation are as follows:IEEE 802.1xIn June 2001, the IEEE 802.1x standard was designed to extend the features of IEEE 802.11 to support extended authentication as well as providing additional accounting and control features. It is supported by Windows XP and a number of network devices. Some advantages of IEEE 802.1x are:•User based identification that allows for roaming.•Support for RADIUS (Remote Authentication Dial In User Service, RFC 2138, 2139) for centralized user profile and accounting management on a network RADIUS server. •Support for EAP (Extensible Authentication Protocol, RFC 2486) that allows additional authentication methods to be deployed with no changes to the access point or the wireless stations. RADIUSRADIUS is based on a client-server model that supports authentication, authorization and accounting. The access point is the client and the server is the RADIUS server. The RADIUS server handles the following tasks:•Authentication Determines the identity of the users.•AuthorizationDetermines the network services available to authenticated users once they are connected to the network.•AccountingKeeps track of the client’s network activity. RADIUS is a simple package exchange in which your AP acts as a message relay between the wireless station and the network RADIUS server. Table 84 IEEE 802.11gDATA RATE (MBPS) MODULATION1DBPSK (Differential Binary Phase Shift Keyed)2DQPSK (Differential Quadrature Phase Shift Keying)5.5 / 11CCK (Complementary Code Keying) 6/9/12/18/24/36/48/54 OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) Company Confidential
Appendix DWireless LANsNBG4604 User’s Guide 253Types of RADIUS MessagesThe following types of RADIUS messages are exchanged between the access point and the RADIUS server for user authentication:•Access-RequestSent by an access point requesting authentication.•Access-RejectSent by a RADIUS server rejecting access.•Access-AcceptSent by a RADIUS server allowing access. •Access-ChallengeSent by a RADIUS server requesting more information in order to allow access. The access point sends a proper response from the user and then sends another Access-Request message. The following types of RADIUS messages are exchanged between the access point and the RADIUS server for user accounting:•Accounting-RequestSent by the access point requesting accounting.•Accounting-ResponseSent by the RADIUS server to indicate that it has started or stopped accounting. In order to ensure network security, the access point and the RADIUS server use a shared secret key, which is a password, they both know. The key is not sent over the network. In addition to the shared key, password information exchanged is also encrypted to protect the network from unauthorized access. Types of Authentication This appendix discusses some popular authentication types: EAP-MD5,EAP-TLS,EAP-TTLS,PEAP and LEAP.The type of authentication you use depends on the RADIUS server or the AP. Consult your network administrator for more information.EAP-MD5 (Message-Digest Algorithm 5)MD5 authentication is the simplest one-way authentication method. The authentication server sends a challenge to the wireless station. The wireless station ‘proves’ that it knows the password by encrypting the password with the challenge and sends back the information. Password is not sent in plain text. Company Confidential
Appendix DWireless LANsNBG4604 User’s Guide254However, MD5 authentication has some weaknesses. Since the authentication server needs to get the plaintext passwords, the passwords must be stored. Thus someone other than the authentication server may access the password file. In addition, it is possible to impersonate an authentication server as MD5 authentication method does not perform mutual authentication. Finally, MD5 authentication method does not support data encryption with dynamic session key. You must configure WEP encryption keys for data encryption. EAP-TLS (Transport Layer Security)With EAP-TLS, digital certifications are needed by both the server and the wireless stations for mutual authentication. The server presents a certificate to the client. After validating the identity of the server, the client sends a different certificate to the server. The exchange of certificates is done in the open before a secured tunnel is created. This makes user identity vulnerable to passive attacks. A digital certificate is an electronic ID card that authenticates the sender’s identity. However, to implement EAP-TLS, you need a Certificate Authority (CA) to handle certificates, which imposes a management overhead. EAP-TTLS (Tunneled Transport Layer Service) EAP-TTLS is an extension of the EAP-TLS authentication that uses certificates for only the server-side authentications to establish a secure connection. Client authentication is then done by sending username and password through the secure connection, thus client identity is protected. For client authentication, EAP-TTLS supports EAP methods and legacy authentication methods such as PAP, CHAP, MS-CHAP and MS-CHAP v2. PEAP (Protected EAP)Like EAP-TTLS, server-side certificate authentication is used to establish a secure connection, then use simple username and password methods through the secured connection to authenticate the clients, thus hiding client identity. However, PEAP only supports EAP methods, such as EAP-MD5, EAP-MSCHAPv2 and EAP-GTC (EAP-Generic Token Card), for client authentication. EAP-GTC is implemented only by Cisco.LEAPLEAP (Lightweight Extensible Authentication Protocol) is a Cisco implementation of IEEE 802.1x. Dynamic WEP Key ExchangeThe AP maps a unique key that is generated with the RADIUS server. This key expires when the wireless connection times out, disconnects or reauthentication times out. A new WEP key is generated each time reauthentication is performed.Company Confidential
Appendix DWireless LANsNBG4604 User’s Guide 255If this feature is enabled, it is not necessary to configure a default encryption key in the Wireless screen. You may still configure and store keys here, but they will not be used while Dynamic WEP is enabled.Note: EAP-MD5 cannot be used with dynamic WEP key exchangeFor added security, certificate-based authentications (EAP-TLS, EAP-TTLS and PEAP) use dynamic keys for data encryption. They are often deployed in corporate environments, but for public deployment, a simple user name and password pair is more practical. The following table is a comparison of the features of authentication types.WPA(2)Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA) is a subset of the IEEE 802.11i standard. WPA2 (IEEE 802.11i) is a wireless security standard that defines stronger encryption, authentication and key management than WPA. Key differences between WPA(2) and WEP are improved data encryption and user authentication. EncryptionBoth WPA and WPA2 improve data encryption by using Temporal Key Integrity Protocol (TKIP), Message Integrity Check (MIC) and IEEE 802.1x. In addition to TKIP, WPA2 also uses Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) in the Counter mode with Cipher block chaining Message authentication code Protocol (CCMP) to offer stronger encryption. Temporal Key Integrity Protocol (TKIP) uses 128-bit keys that are dynamically generated and distributed by the authentication server. It includes a per-packet key mixing function, a Message Integrity Check (MIC) named Michael, an extended initialization vector (IV) with sequencing rules, and a re-keying mechanism.Table 85 Comparison of EAP Authentication TypesEAP-MD5 EAP-TLS EAP-TTLS PEAP LEAPMutual Authentication No Yes Yes Yes YesCertificate – Client No Yes Optional Optional NoCertificate – Server No Yes Yes Yes NoDynamic Key Exchange No Yes Yes Yes YesCredential Integrity None Strong Strong Strong ModerateDeployment Difficulty Easy Hard Moderate Moderate ModerateClient Identity Protection No No Yes Yes NoCompany Confidential
Appendix DWireless LANsNBG4604 User’s Guide256TKIP regularly changes and rotates the encryption keys so that the same encryption key is never used twice. The RADIUS server distributes a Pairwise Master Key (PMK) key to the AP that then sets up a key hierarchy and management system, using the pair-wise key to dynamically generate unique data encryption keys to encrypt every data packet that is wirelessly communicated between the AP and the wireless clients. This all happens in the background automatically.WPA2 AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) is a block cipher that uses a 256-bit mathematical algorithm called Rijndael.The Message Integrity Check (MIC) is designed to prevent an attacker from capturing data packets, altering them and resending them. The MIC provides a strong mathematical function in which the receiver and the transmitter each compute and then compare the MIC. If they do not match, it is assumed that the data has been tampered with and the packet is dropped. By generating unique data encryption keys for every data packet and by creating an integrity checking mechanism (MIC), TKIP makes it much more difficult to decode data on a Wi-Fi network than WEP, making it difficult for an intruder to break into the network. The encryption mechanisms used for WPA and WPA-PSK are the same. The only difference between the two is that WPA-PSK uses a simple common password, instead of user-specific credentials. The common-password approach makes WPA-PSK susceptible to brute-force password-guessing attacks but it's still an improvement over WEP as it employs an easier-to-use, consistent, single, alphanumeric password. User AuthenticationWPA or WPA2 applies IEEE 802.1x and Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP) to authenticate wireless clients using an external RADIUS database. If both an AP and the wireless clients support WPA2 and you have an external RADIUS server, use WPA2 for stronger data encryption. If you don't have an external RADIUS server, you should use WPA2 -PSK (WPA2 -Pre-Shared Key) that only requires a single (identical) password entered into each access point, wireless gateway and wireless client. As long as the passwords match, a wireless client will be granted access to a WLAN. If the AP or the wireless clients do not support WPA2, just use WPA or WPA-PSK depending on whether you have an external RADIUS server or not.Select WEP only when the AP and/or wireless clients do not support WPA or WPA2. WEP is less secure than WPA or WPA2.Company Confidential
Appendix DWireless LANsNBG4604 User’s Guide 25727.1.2 WPA(2)-PSK Application ExampleA WPA(2)-PSK application looks as follows.1First enter identical passwords into the AP and all wireless clients. The Pre-Shared Key (PSK) must consist of between 8 and 63 ASCII characters (including spaces and symbols).2The AP checks each wireless client's password and (only) allows it to join the network if the password matches.3The AP derives and distributes keys to the wireless clients.4The AP and wireless clients use the TKIP or AES encryption process to encrypt data exchanged between them.Figure 161 WPA(2)-PSK Authentication27.1.3 WPA(2) with RADIUS Application ExampleYou need the IP address of the RADIUS server, its port number (default is 1812), and the RADIUS shared secret. A WPA(2) application example with an external RADIUS server looks as follows. "A" is the RADIUS server. "DS" is the distribution system.1The AP passes the wireless client's authentication request to the RADIUS server.2The RADIUS server then checks the user's identification against its database and grants or denies network access accordingly.3The RADIUS server distributes a Pairwise Master Key (PMK) key to the AP that then sets up a key hierarchy and management system, using the pair-wise key to dynamically generate unique data encryption keys to encrypt every data packet that is wirelessly communicated between the AP and the wireless clients. Company Confidential
Appendix DWireless LANsNBG4604 User’s Guide258Security Parameters SummaryRefer to this table to see what other security parameters you should configure for each Authentication Method/ key management protocol type. MAC address filters are not dependent on how you configure these security features.Table 86 Wireless Security Relational MatrixAUTHENTICATIONMETHOD/ KEY MANAGEMENTPROTOCOLENCRYPTION METHOD ENTERMANUAL KEY IEEE 802.1XOpenNoneNoDisableEnable without Dynamic WEP KeyOpen WEP No Enable with Dynamic WEP KeyYes Enable without Dynamic WEP KeyYes DisableShared WEP No Enable with Dynamic WEP KeyYes Enable without Dynamic WEP KeyYes DisableWPA TKIP No EnableWPA-PSK TKIP Yes EnableWPA2 AES No EnableWPA2-PSK AES Yes EnableCompany Confidential
NBG4604 User’s Guide 259APPENDIX E ServicesThe following table lists some commonly-used services and their associated protocols and port numbers.•Name: This is a short, descriptive name for the service. You can use this one or create a different one, if you like.•Protocol: This is the type of IP protocol used by the service. If this is TCP/UDP, then the service uses the same port number with TCP and UDP. If this is User-Defined, the Port(s) is the IP protocol number, not the port number.•Port(s): This value depends on the Protocol.•If the Protocol is TCP,UDP, or TCP/UDP, this is the IP port number.•If the Protocol is USER, this is the IP protocol number.•Description: This is a brief explanation of the applications that use this service or the situations in which this service is used.Table 87 Examples of ServicesNAME PROTOCOL PORT(S) DESCRIPTIONAH (IPSEC_TUNNEL) User-Defined 51 The IPSEC AH (Authentication Header) tunneling protocol uses this service.AIM TCP 5190 AOL’s Internet Messenger service.AUTH TCP 113 Authentication protocol used by some servers.BGP TCP 179 Border Gateway Protocol.BOOTP_CLIENT UDP 68 DHCP Client.BOOTP_SERVER UDP 67 DHCP Server.CU-SEEME TCP/UDPTCP/UDP 764824032A popular videoconferencing solution from White Pines Software.DNS TCP/UDP 53 Domain Name Server, a service that matches web names (e.g. www.zyxel.com) to IP numbers.ESP(IPSEC_TUNNEL) User-Defined 50 The IPSEC ESP (Encapsulation Security Protocol) tunneling protocol uses this service.FINGER TCP 79 Finger is a UNIX or Internet related command that can be used to find out if a user is logged on.Company Confidential
Appendix EServicesNBG4604 User’s Guide260FTP TCPTCP2021File Transfer Program, a program to enable fast transfer of files, including large files that may not be possible by e-mail.H.323 TCP 1720 NetMeeting uses this protocol.HTTP TCP 80 Hyper Text Transfer Protocol - a client/server protocol for the world wide web.HTTPS TCP 443 HTTPS is a secured http session often used in e-commerce.ICMP User-Defined 1 Internet Control Message Protocol is often used for diagnostic purposes.ICQ UDP 4000 This is a popular Internet chat program.IGMP(MULTICAST) User-Defined 2 Internet Group Multicast Protocol is used when sending packets to a specific group of hosts.IKE UDP 500 The Internet Key Exchange algorithm is used for key distribution and management.IMAP4 TCP 143 The Internet Message Access Protocol is used for e-mail.IMAP4S TCP 993 This is a more secure version of IMAP4 that runs over SSL.IRC TCP/UDP 6667 This is another popular Internet chat program.MSN Messenger TCP 1863 Microsoft Networks’ messenger service uses this protocol. NetBIOS TCP/UDPTCP/UDPTCP/UDPTCP/UDP137138139445The Network Basic Input/Output System is used for communication between computers in a LAN.NEW-ICQ TCP 5190 An Internet chat program.NEWS TCP 144 A protocol for news groups.NFS UDP 2049 Network File System - NFS is a client/server distributed file service that provides transparent file sharing for network environments.NNTP TCP 119 Network News Transport Protocol is the delivery mechanism for the USENET newsgroup service.PING User-Defined 1 Packet INternet Groper is a protocol that sends out ICMP echo requests to test whether or not a remote host is reachable.Table 87 Examples of Services (continued)NAME PROTOCOL PORT(S) DESCRIPTIONCompany Confidential
Appendix EServicesNBG4604 User’s Guide 261POP3 TCP 110 Post Office Protocol version 3 lets a client computer get e-mail from a POP3 server through a temporary connection (TCP/IP or other).POP3S TCP 995 This is a more secure version of POP3 that runs over SSL.PPTP TCP 1723 Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol enables secure transfer of data over public networks. This is the control channel.PPTP_TUNNEL (GRE) User-Defined 47 PPTP (Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol) enables secure transfer of data over public networks. This is the data channel.RCMD TCP 512 Remote Command Service.REAL_AUDIO TCP 7070 A streaming audio service that enables real time sound over the web.REXEC TCP 514 Remote Execution Daemon.RLOGIN TCP 513 Remote Login.ROADRUNNER TCP/UDP 1026 This is an ISP that provides services mainly for cable modems.RTELNET TCP 107 Remote Telnet.RTSP TCP/UDP 554 The Real Time Streaming (media control) Protocol (RTSP) is a remote control for multimedia on the Internet.SFTP TCP 115 The Simple File Transfer Protocol is an old way of transferring files between computers.SMTP TCP 25 Simple Mail Transfer Protocol is the message-exchange standard for the Internet. SMTP enables you to move messages from one e-mail server to another.SMTPS TCP 465 This is a more secure version of SMTP that runs over SSL.SNMP TCP/UDP 161 Simple Network Management Program.SNMP-TRAPS TCP/UDP 162 Traps for use with the SNMP (RFC:1215).SQL-NET TCP 1521 Structured Query Language is an interface to access data on many different types of database systems, including mainframes, midrange systems, UNIX systems and network servers.Table 87 Examples of Services (continued)NAME PROTOCOL PORT(S) DESCRIPTIONCompany Confidential
Appendix EServicesNBG4604 User’s Guide262SSDP UDP 1900 The Simple Service Discovery Protocol supports Universal Plug-and-Play (UPnP).SSH TCP/UDP 22 Secure Shell Remote Login Program.STRM WORKS UDP 1558 Stream Works Protocol.SYSLOG UDP 514 Syslog allows you to send system logs to a UNIX server.TACACS UDP 49 Login Host Protocol used for (Terminal Access Controller Access Control System).TELNET TCP 23 Telnet is the login and terminal emulation protocol common on the Internet and in UNIX environments. It operates over TCP/IP networks. Its primary function is to allow users to log into remote host systems.TFTP UDP 69 Trivial File Transfer Protocol is an Internet file transfer protocol similar to FTP, but uses the UDP (User Datagram Protocol) rather than TCP (Transmission Control Protocol).VDOLIVE TCPUDP7000user-definedA videoconferencing solution. The UDP port number is specified in the application.Table 87 Examples of Services (continued)NAME PROTOCOL PORT(S) DESCRIPTIONCompany Confidential
STB-2101H User’s Guide 263APPENDIX F Open Software AnnouncementsEnd-User License Agreement for “NBG4604” WARNING: ZyXEL Communications Corp. IS WILLING TO LICENSE THE SOFTWARE TO YOU ONLY UPON THECONDITION THAT YOU ACCEPT ALL OF THE TERMS CONTAINED IN THIS LICENSE AGREEMENT. PLEASEREAD THE TERMS CAREFULLY BEFORE COMPLETING THE INSTALLATION PROCESS AS INSTALLING THESOFTWARE WILL INDICATE YOUR ASSENT TO THEM. IF YOU DO NOT AGREE TO THESE TERMS, THEN ZyXEL,IS UNWILLING TO LICENSE THE SOFTWARE TO YOU, IN WHICH EVENT YOU SHOULD RETURN THE UNIN-STALLED SOFTWARE AND PACKAGING TO THE PLACE FROM WHICH IT WAS ACQUIRED OR ZyXEL, AND YOURMONEY WILL BE REFUNDED.1.Grant of License for Personal UseZyXEL Communications Corp. ("ZyXEL") grants you a non-exclusive, non-sublicense, non-transferable license to use the pro-gram with which this license is distributed (the "Software"), including any documentation files accompanying the Software("Documentation"), for internal business use only, for up to the number of users specified in sales order and invoice. You have theright to make one backup copy of the Software and Documentation solely for archival, back-up or disaster recovery purposes.You shall not exceed the scope of the license granted hereunder. Any rights not expressly granted by ZyXEL to you are reservedby ZyXEL, and all implied licenses are disclaimed.2.OwnershipYou have no ownership rights in the Software. Rather, you have a license to use the Software as long as this License Agreementremains in full force and effect. Ownership of the Software, Documentation and all intellectual property rights therein shallremain at all times with ZyXEL. Any other use of the Software by any other entity is strictly forbidden and is a violation of thisLicense Agreement.3.CopyrightThe Software and Documentation contain material that is protected by International Copyright Law and trade secret law, and byinternational treaty provisions. All rights not granted to you herein are expressly reserved by ZyXEL. You may not remove anyproprietary notice of ZyXEL or any of its licensors from any copy of the Software or Documentation.4.RestrictionsYou may not publish, display, disclose, sell, rent, lease, modify, store, loan, distribute, or create derivative works of the Software,or any part thereof. You may not assign, sublicense, convey or otherwise transfer, pledge as security or otherwise encumber therights and licenses granted hereunder with respect to the Software. Certain components of the Software, and third party opensource programs included with the Software, have been or may be made available by ZyXEL listed in the below Table (collec-tively the “Open-Sourced Components”) You may modify or replace only these Open-Sourced Components; provided that youcomply with the terms of this License and any applicable licensing terms governing use of the Open-Sourced Components, whichhave been provided on the License Notice as below for the Software. ZyXEL is not obligated to provide any maintenance, techni-cal or other support for the resultant modified Software. You may not copy, reverse engineer, decompile, reverse compile, trans-late, adapt, or disassemble the Software, or any part thereof, nor shall you attempt to create the source code from the object codefor the Software. Except as and only to the extent expressly permitted in this License, by applicable licensing terms governing useof the Open-Sourced Components, or by applicable law, you may not market, co-brand, private label or otherwise permit thirdparties to link to the Software, or any part thereof. You may not use the Software, or any part thereof, in the operation of a servicebureau or for the benefit of any other person or entity. You may not cause, assist or permit any third party to do any of the forego-Company Confidential
Appendix FOpen Software AnnouncementsSTB-2101H User’s Guide264ing. Portions of the Software utilize or include third party software and other copyright material. Acknowledgements, licensingterms and disclaimers for such material are contained in the License Notice as below for the Software, and your use of such mate-rial is governed by their respective terms. ZyXEL has provided, as part of the Software package, access to certain third party soft-ware as a convenience. To the extent that the Software contains third party software, ZyXEL has no express or implied obligationto provide any technical or other support for such software. Please contact the appropriate software vendor or manufacturerdirectly for technical support and customer service related to its software and products. 5.ConfidentialityYou acknowledge that the Software contains proprietary trade secrets of ZyXEL and you hereby agree to maintain the confidenti-ality of the Software using at least as great a degree of care as you use to maintain the confidentiality of your own most confiden-tial information. You agree to reasonably communicate the terms and conditions of this License Agreement to those personsemployed by you who come into contact with the Software, and to use reasonable best efforts to ensure their compliance withsuch terms and conditions, including, without limitation, not knowingly permitting such persons to use any portion of the Soft-ware for the purpose of deriving the source code of the Software.6.No WarrantyTHE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS." TO THE MAXIMUM EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW, ZyXEL DISCLAIMSALL WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION,IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. ZyXEL DOES NOTWARRANT THAT THE FUNCTIONS CONTAINED IN THE SOFTWARE WILL MEET ANY REQUIREMENTS OR NEEDSYOU MAY HAVE, OR THAT THE SOFTWARE WILL OPERATE ERROR FREE, OR IN AN UNINTERUPTED FASHION,OR THAT ANY DEFECTS OR ERRORS IN THE SOFTWARE WILL BE CORRECTED, OR THAT THE SOFTWARE ISCOMPATIBLE WITH ANY PARTICULAR PLATFORM. SOME JURISDICTIONS DO NOT ALLOW THE WAIVER OREXCLUSION OF IMPLIED WARRANTIES SO THEY MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU. IF THIS EXCLUSION IS HELD TO BEUNENFORCEABLE BY A COURT OF COMPETENT JURISDICTION, THEN ALL EXPRESS AND IMPLIED WARRAN-TIES SHALL BE LIMITED IN DURATION TO A PERIOD OF THIRTY (30) DAYS FROM THE DATE OF PURCHASE OFTHE SOFTWARE, AND NO WARRANTIES SHALL APPLY AFTER THAT PERIOD.7.Limitation of LiabilityIN NO EVENT WILL ZyXEL BE LIABLE TO YOU OR ANY THIRD PARTY FOR ANY INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUEN-TIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, PUNITIVE, OR EXEMPLARY DAM-AGES FOR LOSS OF BUSINESS, LOSS OF PROFITS, BUSINESS INTERRUPTION, OR LOSS OF BUSINESSINFORMATION) ARISING OUT OF THE USE OF OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM, OR FOR ANY CLAIM BYANY OTHER PARTY, EVEN IF ZyXEL HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. ZyXEL'sAGGREGATE LIABILITY WITH RESPECT TO ITS OBLIGATIONS UNDER THIS AGREEMENT OR OTHERWISE WITHRESPECT TO THE SOFTWARE AND DOCUMENTATION OR OTHERWISE SHALL BE EQUAL TO THE PURCHASEPRICE, BUT SHALL IN NO EVENT EXCEED THE PRODUCT’S PRICE. BECAUSE SOME STATES/COUNTRIES DONOT ALLOW THE EXCLUSION OR LIMITATION OF LIABILITY FOR CONSEQUENTIAL OR INCIDENTAL DAM-AGES, THE ABOVE LIMITATION MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU.8.Export RestrictionsTHIS LICENSE AGREEMENT IS EXPRESSLY MADE SUBJECT TO ANY APPLICABLE LAWS, REGULATIONS,ORDERS, OR OTHER RESTRICTIONS ON THE EXPORT OF THE SOFTWARE OR INFORMATION ABOUT SUCHSOFTWARE WHICH MAY BE IMPOSED FROM TIME TO TIME. YOU SHALL NOT EXPORT THE SOFTWARE, DOCU-MENTATION OR INFORMATION ABOUT THE SOFTWARE AND DOCUMENTATION WITHOUT COMPLYING WITHSUCH LAWS, REGULATIONS, ORDERS, OR OTHER RESTRICTIONS. YOU AGREE TO INDEMNIFY ZyXELAGAINST ALL CLAIMS, LOSSES, DAMAGES, LIABILITIES, COSTS AND EXPENSES, INCLUDING REASONABLEATTORNEYS' FEES, TO THE EXTENT SUCH CLAIMS ARISE OUT OF ANY BREACH OF THIS SECTION 8.9.Audit RightsZyXEL SHALL HAVE THE RIGHT, AT ITS OWN EXPENSE, UPON REASONABLE PRIOR NOTICE, TO PERIODICALLYINSPECT AND AUDIT YOUR RECORDS TO ENSURE YOUR COMPLIANCE WITH THE TERMS AND CONDITIONSOF THIS LICENSE AGREEMENT.10.TerminationThis License Agreement is effective until it is terminated. You may terminate this License Agreement at any time by destroyingCompany Confidential
Appendix FOpen Software AnnouncementsSTB-2101H User’s Guide 265or returning to ZyXEL all copies of the Software and Documentation in your possession or under your control. ZyXEL may ter-minate this License Agreement for any reason, including, but not limited to, if ZyXEL finds that you have violated any of theterms of this License Agreement. Upon notification of termination, you agree to destroy or return to ZyXEL all copies of theSoftware and Documentation and to certify in writing that all known copies, including backup copies, have been destroyed. Allprovisions relating to confidentiality, proprietary rights, and non-disclosure shall survive the termination of this Software LicenseAgreement.11.GeneralThis License Agreement shall be construed, interpreted and governed by the laws of Republic of China without regard to conflictsof laws provisions thereof. The exclusive forum for any disputes arising out of or relating to this License Agreement shall be anappropriate court or Commercial Arbitration Association sitting in ROC, Taiwan. This License Agreement shall constitute theentire Agreement between the parties hereto. This License Agreement, the rights granted hereunder, the Software and Documen-tation shall not be assigned by you without the prior written consent of ZyXEL. Any waiver or modification of this LicenseAgreement shall only be effective if it is in writing and signed by both parties hereto. If any part of this License Agreement isfound invalid or unenforceable by a court of competent jurisdiction, the remainder of this License Agreement shall be interpretedso as to reasonably effect the intention of the parties.NOTE: Some components of this product incorporate source code covered under the open source code licenses. To obtain the source code covered under those Licenses, please check ZyXEL Technical Support (support@zyxel.com.tw) to get it.Company Confidential
Appendix FOpen Software AnnouncementsSTB-2101H User’s Guide266Open-Sourced ComponentsNoticeInformation herein is subject to change without notice. Companies, names, and data used in examples herein are fictitious unlessotherwise noted. No part may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, for any pur-pose, except the express written permission of ZyXEL Communications Corporation.This Product includes Linux Kernel-2.6.21, busybox-1.7.5, libesmtp-1.0.4, igmpproxy-0.1-beta2, dnsmasq-2.39, iproute2-2.6.16,rp-pppoe-3.8, iptables-1.3.8, updatedd-2.6, linuxigd-1, wireless_tools-2.8, bridge-utils-1.2, pptp-client-1.7.1, ppp-2.4.3, udhcp-0.9.9-pre, ez-ipupdate-3.0.11b8, uboot-1.1.3, mtd-utils-1.2, usb_modeswitch-0.9.7 software under GPL 2.0 license.GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSEVersion 2, June 1991Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USAEveryone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.3rd party software Version Web Address Of The Software License TermLinux Kernel-2.6.21 2.6.21 http://www.kernel.org/busybox-1.7.51.7.5 http://www.busybox.net/libesmtp-1.0.4 1.0.4 http://www.stafford.uklinux.net/libesmtplibupnp-1.6.0 1.6.0 http://pupnp.sourceforge.net/pcre-6.7 6.7 http://www.pcre.org/igmpproxy-0.1-beta2 0.1-beta2 http://sourceforge.net/projects/igmpproxydnsmasq-2.39 2.39 http://thekelleys.org.uk/dnsmasq/doc.htmliproute2-2.6.16 2-2.6.16 http://www.linuxfoundation.org/en/Net:Iproute2rp-pppoe-3.8 3.8 http://www.roaringpenguin.com/products/pppoeiptables-1.3.81.3.8 http://www.netfilter.org/projects/iptables/index.htmlupdatedd-2.62.6 http://freshmeat.net/projects/updatedd/linuxigd-11http://linux-igd.sourceforge.net/index.phpwireless_tools-2.82.8 http://www.hpl.hp.com/personal/Jean_Tourrilhes/Linux/Tools.htmlbridge-utils-1.21.2 http://www.linuxfoundation.org/en/Net:Main_Pagepptp-client-1.7.11.7.1 http://pptpclient.sourceforge.net/ppp-2.4.32.4.3 http://ppp.samba.org/udhcp-0.9.9-pre0.9.9-pre http://sources.busybox.net/index.py/trunk/udhcp-web/index.html?revision=9967ez-ipupdate-3.0.11b83.0.11b8 http://ez-ipupdate.com/uboot-1.1.31.1.3 http://www.denx.de/wiki/U-Bootuclibc-0.9.29 0.9.29 http://www.uclibc.org/mtd-utils-1.2 1.2 http://git.infradead.orgzlib-1.2.3 1.2.3 http://www.zlib.net/usb_modeswitch-0.9.7 0.9.7 http://www.draisberghof.de/usb_modeswitch/Company Confidential
Appendix FOpen Software AnnouncementsSTB-2101H User’s Guide 267PreambleThe licenses for most software are designed to take away your freedom to share and change it. By contrast, the GNU General Pub-lic License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free software--to make sure the software is free for all itsusers. This General Public License applies to most of the Free Software Foundation's software and to any other program whoseauthors commit to using it. (Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered by the GNU Library General PublicLicense instead.) You can apply it to your programs, too.When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make surethat you have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for this service if you wish), that you receive sourcecode or can get it if you want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it in new free programs; and that you know youcan do these things. To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid anyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender therights. These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if you distribute copies of the software, or if you modify it.For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether gratis or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights thatyou have. You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the source code. And you must show them these terms so theyknow their rights.We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the software, and (2) offer you this license which gives you legal permissionto copy, distribute and/or modify the software. Also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to make certain that everyoneunderstands that there is no warranty for this free software. If the software is modified by someone else and passed on, we want itsrecipients to know that what they have is not the original, so that any problems introduced by others will not reflect on the originalauthors' reputations.Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software patents. We wish to avoid the danger that redistributors of a freeprogram will individually obtain patent licenses, in effect making the program proprietary. To prevent this, we have made it clearthat any patent must be licensed for everyone's free use or not licensed at all.The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and modification follow. TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION0. This License applies to any program or other work which contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be dis-tributed under the terms of this General Public License. The "Program", below, refers to any such program or work, and a "workbased on the Program" means either the Program or any derivative work under copyright law: that is to say, a work containing theProgram or a portion of it, either verbatim or with modifications and/or translated into another language. (Hereinafter, translationis included without limitation in the term "modification".) Each licensee is addressed as "you". Activities other than copying, dis-tribution and modification are not covered by this License; they are outside its scope. The act of running the Program is notrestricted, and the output from the Program is covered only if its contents constitute a work based on the Program (independent ofhaving been made by running the Program). Whether that is true depends on what the Program does. 1. You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program's source code as you receive it, in any medium, provided that youconspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keep intact allthe notices that refer to this License and to the absence of any warranty; and give any other recipients of the Program a copy ofthis License along with the Program. You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy, and you may at your optionoffer warranty protection in exchange for a fee.2. You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion of it, thus forming a work based on the Program, and copyand distribute such modifications or work under the terms of Section 1 above, provided that you also meet all of these conditions:a) You must cause the modified files to carry prominent notices stating that you changed the files and the date of any change.b) You must cause any work that you distribute or publish, that in whole or in part contains or is derived from the Program or anypart thereof, to be licensed as a whole at no charge to all third parties under the terms of this License. c) If the modified program normally reads commands interactively when run, you must cause it, when started running for suchinteractive use in the most ordinary way, to print or display an announcement including an appropriate copyright notice and anotice that there is no warranty (or else, saying that you provide a warranty) and that users may redistribute the program underthese conditions, and telling the user how to view a copy of this License. (Exception: if the Program itself is interactive but doesnot normally print such an announcement, your work based on the Program is not required to print an announcement.)Company Confidential
Appendix FOpen Software AnnouncementsSTB-2101H User’s Guide268These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole. If identifiable sections of that work are not derived from the Program,and can be reasonably considered independent and separate works in themselves, then this License, and its terms, do not apply tothose sections when you distribute them as separate works. But when you distribute the same sections as part of a whole which isa work based on the Program, the distribution of the whole must be on the terms of this License, whose permissions for other lic-ensees extend to the entire whole, and thus to each and every part regardless of who wrote it. Thus, it is not the intent of this sec-tion to claim rights or contest your rights to work written entirely by you; rather, the intent is to exercise the right to control thedistribution of derivative or collective works based on the Program. In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based onthe Program with the Program (or with a work based on the Program) on a volume of a storage or distribution medium does notbring the other work under the scope of this License. 3. You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work based on it, under Section 2) in object code or executable form under theterms of Sections 1 and 2 above provided that you also do one of the following: a) Accompany it with the complete corresponding machine-readable source code, which must be distributed under the terms ofSections 1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software interchange; or, b) Accompany it with a written offer, valid for at least three years, to give any third party, for a charge no more than your cost ofphysically performing source distribution, a complete machine-readable copy of the corresponding source code, to be distributedunder the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software interchange; or, c) Accompany it with theinformation you received as to the offer to distribute corresponding source code. (This alternative is allowed only for noncommer-cial distribution and only if you received the program in object code or executable form with such an offer, in accord with Subsec-tion b above.) The source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for making modifications to it. For an executablework, complete source code means all the source code for all modules it contains, plus any associated interface definition files,plus thescripts used to control compilation and installation of the executable. However, as a special exception, the source code distributedneed not include anything that is normally distributed (in either source or binary form) with the major components (compiler, ker-nel, and so on) of the operating system on which the executable runs, unless that component itself accompanies the executable. Ifdistribution of executable or object code is made by offering access to copy from a designated place, then offering equivalentaccess to copy the source code from the same place counts as distribution of the source code, even though third parties are notcompelled to copy the source along with the object code. 4. You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Program except as expressly provided under this License. Any attemptotherwise to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Program is void, and will automatically terminate your rights under thisLicense. However, parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under this License will not have their licenses terminatedso long as such parties remain in full compliance.5. You are not required to accept this License, since you have not signed it. However, nothing else grants you permission to mod-ify or distribute the Program or its derivative works. These actions are prohibited by law if you do not accept this License. There-fore, by modifying or distributing the Program (or any work based on the Program), you indicate your acceptance of this Licenseto do so, and all its terms and conditions for copying, distributing or modifying the Program or works based on it. 6. Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work based on the Program), the recipient automatically receives a license fromthe original licensor to copy, distribute or modify the Program subject to these terms and conditions. You may not impose any fur-ther restrictions on the recipients' exercise of the rights granted herein. You are not responsible for enforcing compliance by thirdparties to this License.7. If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent infringement or for any other reason (not limited to patentissues), conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or otherwise) that contradict the conditions of thisLicense, they do not excuse you from the conditions of this License. If you cannot distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously yourobligations under this License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you may not distribute the Program atall. For example, if a patent license would not permit royalty-free redistribution of the Program by all those who receive copiesdirectly or indirectly through you, then the only way you could satisfy both it and this License would be to refrain entirely fromdistribution of the Program. If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under any particular circumstance, thebalance of the section is intended to apply and the section as a whole is intended to apply in other circumstances. It is not the pur-pose of this section to induce you to infringe any patents or other property right claims or to contest validity of any such claims;this section has the sole purpose of protecting the integrity of the free software distribution system, which is implemented by pub-lic license practices. Many people have made generous contributions to the wide range of software distributed through that systemCompany Confidential
Appendix FOpen Software AnnouncementsSTB-2101H User’s Guide 269in reliance on consistent application of that system; it is up to the author/donor to decide if he or she is willing to distribute soft-ware through any other system and a licensee cannot impose that choice. This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what isbelieved to be a consequence of the rest of this License. 8. If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted in certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, theoriginal copyright holder who places the Program under this License may add an explicit geographical distribution limitationexcluding those countries, so that distribution is permitted only in or among countries not thus excluded. In such case, this Licenseincorporates the limitation as if written in the body of this License.9. The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions of the General Public License from time to time. Suchnew versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to address new problems or concerns. Eachversion is given a distinguishing version number. If the Program specifies a version number of this License which applies to it and"any later version", you have the option of following the terms and conditions either of that version or of any later version pub-lished by the Free Software Foundation. If the Program does not specify a version number of this License, you may choose anyversion ever published by the Free Software Foundation.10. If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free programs whose distribution conditions are different, write tothe author to ask for permission. For software which is copyrighted by the Free Software Foundation, write to the Free SoftwareFoundation; we sometimes make exceptions for this. Our decision will be guided by the two goals of preserving the free status ofall derivatives of our free software and of promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally.NO WARRANTY11. BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM, TOTHE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPY-RIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANYKIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OFMERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY ANDPERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUMETHE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION.12. IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING WILL ANY COPYRIGHTHOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND/OR REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTEDABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSE-QUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOTLIMITED TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU ORTHIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCHHOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONSAll other trademarks or trade names mentioned herein, if any, are the property of their respective owners.This Product includes uclibc-0.9.29 software under LGPL license.GNU LESSER GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE Version 2.1, February 1999Copyright (C) 1991, 1999 Free Software Foundation, Inc.59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USAEveryone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. [This is thefirst released version of the Lesser GPL. It also countsas the successor of the GNU Library Public License, version 2, hence the version number 2.1.PreambleThe licenses for most software are designed to take away your freedom to share and change it. By contrast, the GNU General Pub-Company Confidential
Appendix FOpen Software AnnouncementsSTB-2101H User’s Guide270lic Licenses are intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free software--to make sure the software is free for all itsusers.This license, the Lesser General Public License, applies to some specially designated software packages--typically libraries--ofthe Free Software Foundation and other authors who decide to use it. You can use it too, but we suggest you first think carefullyabout whether this license or the ordinary General Public License is the better strategy to use in any particular case, based on theexplanations below.When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom of use, not price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to makesure that you have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for this service if you wish); that you receivesource code or can getit if you want it; that you can change the software and use pieces of it in new free programs; and that you are informed that youcan do these things.To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid distributors to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrenderthese rights. These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if you distribute copies of the library or if you modify it.For example, if you distribute copies of the library, whether gratis or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that wegave you. You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the source code. If you link other code with the library, you mustprovide complete object files to the recipients, so that they can relink them with the library after making changes to the library andrecompiling it. And you must show them these terms so they know their rights.We protect your rights with a two-step method: (1) we copyright the library, and (2) we offer you this license, which gives youlegal permission to copy, distribute and/or modify the library.To protect each distributor, we want to make it very clear that there is no warranty for the free library. Also, if the library is modi-fied by someone else and passed on, the recipients should know that what they have is not the original version, so that the originalauthor's reputation will not be affected by problems that might be introduced by others.Finally, software patents pose a constant threat to the existence of any free program. We wish to make sure that a company cannoteffectively restrict the users of a free program by obtaining a restrictive license from a patent holder. Therefore, we insist that anypatent license obtained for a version of the library must be consistent with the full freedom of use specified in this license.Most GNU software, including some libraries, is covered by the ordinary GNU General Public License. This license, the GNULesser General Public License, applies to certain designated libraries, and is quite different from the ordinary General PublicLicense. We use this license for certain libraries in order to permit linking those libraries into non-free programs.When a program is linked with a library, whether statically or using a shared library, the combination of the two is legally speak-ing a combined work, a derivative of the original library. The ordinary General Public License therefore permits such linking onlyif the entire combination fits its criteria of freedom. The Lesser General Public License permits more lax criteria for linking othercode with the library.We call this license the "Lesser" General Public License because it does Less to protect the user's freedom than the ordinary Gen-eral Public License. It also provides other free software developers Less of an advantage over competing non-free programs.These disadvantages are the reason we use the ordinary General Public License for many libraries. However, the Lesser licenseprovides advantages in certain special circumstances.For example, on rare occasions, there may be a special need to encourage the widest possible use of a certain library, so that itbecomes a de-facto standard. To achieve this, non-free programs must be allowed to use the library. A more frequent case is that afree library does the same job as widely used non-free libraries. In this case, there is little to gain by limiting the free library to freesoftware only, so we use the Lesser General Public License. In other cases, permission to use a particular library in non-free pro-grams enables a greater number of people to use a large body of free software. For example, permission to use the GNU C Libraryin non-free programs enables many more people to use the whole GNU operating system, as well as its variant, the GNU/Linuxoperating system.Although the Lesser General Public License is Less protective of the users' freedom, it does ensure that the user of a program thatis linked with the Library has the freedom and the wherewithal to run that program using a modified version of the Library.The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and modification follow. Pay close attention to the difference betweena "work based on the library" and a "work that uses the library". The former contains code derived from the library, whereas thelatter must be combined with the library in order to run. GNU LESSER GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODI-Company Confidential
Appendix FOpen Software AnnouncementsSTB-2101H User’s Guide 271FICATION 0. This License Agreement applies to any software library or other program which contains a notice placed by the copyrightholder or other authorized party saying it may be distributed under the terms of this Lesser General Public License (also called"this License").Each licensee is addressed as "you". A "library" means a collection of software functions and/or data prepared so as to be conveniently linked with application pro-grams (which use some of those functions and data) to form executables. The "Library", below, refers to any such software libraryor work which has been distributed under these terms. A "work based on the Library" means either the Library or any derivativework under copyright law: that is to say, a work containing the Library or a portion of it, either verbatim or with modificationsand/or translated straightforwardly into another language. (Hereinafter, translation is included without limitation in the term"modification".)"Source code" for a work means the preferred form of the work for making modifications to it. For a library, complete source codemeans all the source code for all modules it contains, plus any associated interface definition files, plus the scripts used to controlcompilation and installation of the library. Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are not covered by thisLicense; they are outside its scope. The act of running a program using the Library is not restricted, and output from such a pro-gram is covered only if its contents constitute a work based on the Library (independent of the use of the Library in a tool for writ-ing it). Whether that is true depends on what the Library does and what the program that uses the Library does.1. You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Library's complete source code as you receive it, in any medium, providedthat you conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keepintact all the notices that refer to this License and to the absence of any warranty; and distribute a copy of this License along withthe Library. You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy, and you may at your option offer warranty protectionin exchange for a fee.2. 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Appendix FOpen Software AnnouncementsSTB-2101H User’s Guide 273This must be distributed under the terms of the Sections above. b) Give prominent notice with the combined library of the fact thatpart of it is a work based on the Library, and explaining where to find the accompanying uncombined form of the same work. 8. You may not copy, modify, sublicense, link with, or distribute the Library except as expressly provided under this License. Anyattempt otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense, link with, or distribute the Library is void, and will automatically terminate yourrights under this License. However, parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under this License will not have theirlicenses terminated so long as such parties remain in full compliance. 9. You are not required to accept this License, since you have not signed it. However, nothing else grants you permission to mod-ify or distribute the Library or its derivative works. 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Appendix FOpen Software AnnouncementsSTB-2101H User’s Guide 275ible feature that (1) displays an appropriate copyright notice, and (2) tells the user that there is no warranty for the work (except to the extent that warranties are provided), that licensees may convey the work under this License, and how to view a copy of thisLicense. If the interface presents a list of user commands or options, such as a menu, a prominent item in the list meets this crite-rion.1. 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Appendix FOpen Software AnnouncementsSTB-2101H User’s Guide276compilation's users beyond what the individual works permit. Inclusion of a covered work in an aggregate does not cause this License to apply to the other parts of the aggregate.6. 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Appendix FOpen Software AnnouncementsSTB-2101H User’s Guide 277material be marked in reasonable ways as different from the original version; or d) Limiting the use for publicity purposes of names of licensors or authors of the material; or e) Declining to grant rights under trademark law for use of some trade names, trademarks, or service marks; or f) Requiring indemnification of licensors and authors of that material by anyone who conveys the material (or modified versions of it) with contractual assumptions of liability to the recipient, for any liability that these con-tractual assumptions directly impose on those licensors and authors.All other non-permissive additional terms are considered “further restrictions” within the meaning of section 10. If the Program as you received it, or any part of it, contains a notice stating that it is governed by this License along with a term that is a further restriction, you may remove that term. If a license document contains a further restriction but permits relicensing or conveyingunder this License, you may add to a covered work material governed by the terms of that license document, provided that the fur-ther restriction does not survive such relicensing or conveying.If you add terms to a covered work in accord with this section, you must place, in the relevant source files, a statement of the addi-tional terms that apply to those files, or a notice indicating where to find the applicable terms.Additional terms, permissive or non-permissive, may be stated in the form of a separately written license, or stated as exceptions; the above requirements apply either way.8. Termination.You may not propagate or modify a covered work except as expressly provided under this License. Any attempt otherwise to propagate or modify it is void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this License (including any patent licenses granted under the third paragraph of section 11).However, if you cease all violation of this License, then your license from a particular copyright holder is reinstated (a) provision-ally, unless and until the copyright holder explicitly and finally terminates your license, and (b) permanently, if the copyrightholder fails to notify you of the violation by some reasonable means prior to 60 days after the cessation.Moreover, your license from a particular copyright holder is reinstated permanently if the copyright holder notifies you of the vio-lation by some reasonable means, this is the first time you have received notice of violation of this License (for any work) fromthat copyright holder, and you cure the violation prior to 30 days after your receipt of the notice.Termination of your rights under this section does not terminate the licenses of parties who have received copies or rights fromyou under this License. If your rights have been terminated and not permanently reinstated, you do not qualify to receive new licenses for the same material under section 10.9. Acceptance Not Required for Having Copies.You are not required to accept this License in order to receive or run a copy of the Program. Ancillary propagation of a coveredwork occurring solely as a consequence of using peer-to-peer transmission to receive a copy likewise does not require acceptance.However, nothing other than this License grants you permission to propagate or modify any covered work. These actions infringe copyright if you do not accept this License. Therefore, by modifying or propagating a covered work, you indicate your acceptanceof this License to do so.10. Automatic Licensing of Downstream Recipients.Each time you convey a covered work, the recipient automatically receives a license from the original licensors, to run, modifyand propagate that work, subject to this License. You are not responsible for enforcing compliance by third parties with this License.An “entity transaction” is a transaction transferring control of an organization, or substantially all assets of one, or subdividing an organization, or merging organizations. If propagation of a covered work results from an entity transaction, each party to thattransaction who receives a copy of the work also receives whatever licenses to the work the party's predecessor in interest had or could give under the previous paragraph, plus a right to possession of the Corresponding Source of the work from the predecessorin interest, if the predecessor has it or can get it with reasonable efforts.You may not impose any further restrictions on the exercise of the rights granted or affirmed under this License. For example, you may not impose a license fee, royalty, or other charge for exercise of rights granted under this License, and you may not initiatelitigation (including a cross-claim or counterclaim in a lawsuit) alleging that any patent claim is infringed by making, using, sell-ing, offering for sale, or importing the Program or any portion of it.11. Patents.A “contributor” is a copyright holder who authorizes use under this License of the Program or a work on which the Program is based. The work thus licensed is called the contributor's “contributor version”.A contributor's “essential patent claims” are all patent claims owned or controlled by the contributor, whether already acquired or hereafter acquired, that would be infringed by some manner, permitted by this License, of making, using, or selling its contributor version, but do not include claims that would be infringed only as a consequence of further modification of the contributor ver-sion. For purposes of this definition, “control” includes the right to grant patent sublicenses in a manner consistent with therequirements of this License.Each contributor grants you a non-exclusive, worldwide, royalty-free patent license under the contributor's essential patent claims, to make, use, sell, offer for sale, import and otherwise run, modify and propagate the contents of its contributor version.In the following three paragraphs, a “patent license” is any express agreement or commitment, however denominated, not to enforce a patent (such as an express permission to practice a patent or covenant not to sue for patent infringement). To “grant”such a patent license to a party means to make such an agreement or commitment not to enforce a patent against the party.If you convey a covered work, knowingly relying on a patent license, and the Corresponding Source of the work is not available for anyone to copy, free of charge and under the terms of this License, through a publicly available network server or other readilyaccessible means, then you must either (1) cause the Corresponding Source to be so available, or (2) arrange to deprive yourself of the benefit of the patent license for this particular work, or (3) arrange, in a manner consistent with the requirements of thisLicense, to extend the patent license to downstream recipients. “Knowingly relying” means you have actual knowledge that, but for the patent license, your conveying the covered work in a country, or your recipient's use of the covered work in a country,would infringe one or more identifiable patents in that country that you have reason to believe are valid.If, pursuant to or in connection with a single transaction or arrangement, you convey, or propagate by procuring conveyance of, a covered work, and grant a patent license to some of the parties receiving the covered work authorizing them to use, propagate, Company Confidential
Appendix FOpen Software AnnouncementsSTB-2101H User’s Guide278modify or convey a specific copy of the covered work, then the patent license you grant is automatically extended to all recipientsof the covered work and works based on it.A patent license is “discriminatory” if it does not include within the scope of its coverage, prohibits the exercise of, or is condi-tioned on the non-exercise of one or more of the rights that are specifically granted under this License. You may not convey a cov-ered work if you are a party to an arrangement with a third party that is in the business of distributing software, under which you make payment to the third party based on the extent of your activity of conveying the work, and under which the third party grants, to any of the parties who would receive the covered work from you, a discriminatory patent license (a) in connection withcopies of the covered work conveyed by you (or copies made from those copies), or (b) primarily for and in connection with spe-cific products or compilations that contain the covered work, unless you entered into that arrangement, or that patent license wasgranted, prior to 28 March 2007.Nothing in this License shall be construed as excluding or limiting any implied license or other defenses to infringement that may otherwise be available to you under applicable patent law.12. No Surrender of Others' Freedom.If conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License,they do not excuse you from the conditions of this License. If you cannot convey a covered work so as to satisfy simultaneouslyyour obligations under this License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you may not convey it at all. Forexample, if you agree to terms that obligate you to collect a royalty for further conveying from those to whom you convey the Pro-gram, the only way you could satisfy both those terms and this License would be to refrain entirely from conveying the Program.13. Use with the GNU Affero General Public License.Notwithstanding any other provision of this License, you have permission to link or combine any covered work with a work licensed under version 3 of the GNU Affero General Public License into a single combined work, and to convey the resulting work. The terms of this License will continue to apply to the part which is the covered work, but the special requirements of theGNU Affero General Public License, section 13, concerning interaction through a network will apply to the combination as such.14. Revised Versions of this License.The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions of the GNU General Public License from time to time. Such new versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to address new problems or concerns.Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Program specifies that a certain numbered version of the GNU Gen-eral Public License “or any later version” applies to it, you have the option of following the terms and conditions either of that numbered version or of any later version published by the Free Software Foundation. If the Program does not specify a version number of the GNU General Public License, you may choose any version ever published by the Free Software Foundation.If the Program specifies that a proxy can decide which future versions of the GNU General Public License can be used, that proxy's public statement of acceptance of a version permanently authorizes you to choose that version for the Program.Later license versions may give you additional or different permissions. However, no additional obligations are imposed on any author or copyright holder as a result of your choosing to follow a later version.15. Disclaimer of Warranty.THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM “AS IS” WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PUR-POSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR COR-RECTION.16. Limitation of Liability.IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MODIFIES AND/OR CONVEYS THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.17. Interpretation of Sections 15 and 16.If the disclaimer of warranty and limitation of liability provided above cannot be given local legal effect according to their terms, reviewing courts shall apply local law that most closely approximates an absolute waiver of all civil liability in connection withthe Program, unless a warranty or assumption of liability accompanies a copy of the Program in return for a fee.END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONSHow to Apply These Terms to Your New ProgramsIf you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms.To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectivelystate the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least the “copyright” line and a pointer to where the full notice is found. <one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.> Copyright (C) <year> <name of author> This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.Company Confidential
Appendix FOpen Software AnnouncementsSTB-2101H User’s Guide 279 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details. You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.If the program does terminal interaction, make it output a short notice like this when it starts in an interactive mode: <program> Copyright (C) <year> <name of author> This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'. This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it under certain conditions; type `show c' for details.The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate parts of the General Public License. Of course, your program's commands might be different; for a GUI interface, you would use an “about box”.You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or school, if any, to sign a “copyright disclaimer” for the pro-gram, if necessary. For more information on this, and how to apply and follow the GNU GPL, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.The GNU General Public License does not permit incorporating your program into proprietary programs. If your program is asubroutine library, you may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with the library. If this is what youwant to do, use the GNU Lesser General Public License instead of this License. But first, please read <http://www.gnu.org/philos-ophy/why-not-lgpl.html>.This Product includes libupnp-1.6.0, pcre-6.7, ppp-2.4.3 under BSD licenseBSDCopyright (c) [dates as appropriate to package] The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or with-out modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met: Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer inthe documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.Neither the name of the University nor of the Laboratory may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this softwarewithout specific prior written permission. THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOS E ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBU-TORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIA-BILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.This Product includes zlib-1.2.3 software under below licenseCompany Confidential
Appendix FOpen Software AnnouncementsSTB-2101H User’s Guide280License/* zlib.h -- interface of the 'zlib' general purpose compression library version 1.2.3, July 18th, 2005 Copyright (C) 1995-2005 Jean-loup Gailly and Mark Adler This software is provided 'as-is', without any express or implied warranty. In no event will the authors be held liable for any damages arising from the use of this software. Permission is granted to anyone to use this software for any purpose, including commercial applications, and to alter it and redistribute it freely, subject to the following restrictions: 1. The origin of this software must not be misrepresented; you must not claim that you wrote the original software. If you use this software in a product, an acknowledgment in the product documentation would be appreciated but is not required. 2. Altered source versions must be plainly marked as such, and must not be misrepresented as being the original software. 3. This notice may not be removed or altered from any source distribution. Jean-loup Gailly jloup@gzip.org Mark Adler madler@alumni.caltech.edu*/Company Confidential
NBG4604 User’s Guide 281APPENDIX G Legal InformationCopyrightCopyright © 2010 by ZyXEL Communications Corporation.The contents of this publication may not be reproduced in any part or as a whole, transcribed, stored in a retrieval system, translated into any language, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, magnetic, optical, chemical, photocopying, manual, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of ZyXEL Communications Corporation.Published by ZyXEL Communications Corporation. All rights reserved.DisclaimerZyXEL does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any products, or software described herein. Neither does it convey any license under its patent rights nor the patent rights of others. ZyXEL further reserves the right to make changes in any products described herein without notice. This publication is subject to change without notice.CertificationsFederal Communications Commission (FCC) Interference StatementThe device complies with Part 15 of FCC rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions:•This device may not cause harmful interference.•This device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operations.This device has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This device generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy, and if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause Company Confidential
Appendix GLegal InformationNBG4604 User’s Guide282harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation.If this device does cause harmful interference to radio/television reception, which can be determined by turning the device off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:1Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.2Increase the separation between the equipment and the receiver.3Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected.4Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.FCC Radiation Exposure Statement•This transmitter must not be co-located or operating in conjunction with any other antenna or transmitter. •IEEE 802.11b or 802.11g operation of this product in the U.S.A. is firmware-limited to channels 1 through 11. •To comply with FCC RF exposure compliance requirements, a separation distance of at least 20 cm must be maintained between the antenna of this device and all persons. Industry Canada StatementThis device complies with RSS-210 of the Industry Canada Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions:1this device may not cause interference and2this device must accept any interference, including interference that may cause undesired operation of the deviceThis device has been designed to operate with an antenna having a maximum gain of 2dBi.Antenna having a higher gain is strictly prohibited per regulations of Industry Canada. The required antenna impedance is 50 ohms.Company Confidential
Appendix GLegal InformationNBG4604 User’s Guide 283To reduce potential radio interference to other users, the antenna type and its gain should be so chosen that the EIRP is not more than required for successful communication.IMPORTANT NOTE:IC Radiation Exposure Statement:This equipment complies with IC radiation exposure limits set forth for an uncontrolled environment. This equipment should be installed and operated with minimum distance 20cm between the radiator & your body.NoticesChanges or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user's authority to operate the equipment.This device has been designed for the WLAN 2.4 GHz network throughout the EC region and Switzerland, with restrictions in France. This Class B digital apparatus complies with Canadian ICES-003.Cet appareil numérique de la classe B est conforme à la norme NMB-003 du Canada.Viewing Certifications1Go to http://www.zyxel.com.2Select your product on the ZyXEL home page to go to that product's page.3Select the certification you wish to view from this page.Company Confidential
Appendix GLegal InformationNBG4604 User’s Guide284ZyXEL Limited WarrantyZyXEL warrants to the original end user (purchaser) that this product is free from any defects in materials or workmanship for a period of up to two years from the date of purchase. During the warranty period, and upon proof of purchase, should the product have indications of failure due to faulty workmanship and/or materials, ZyXEL will, at its discretion, repair or replace the defective products or components without charge for either parts or labor, and to whatever extent it shall deem necessary to restore the product or components to proper operating condition. Any replacement will consist of a new or re-manufactured functionally equivalent product of equal or higher value, and will be solely at the discretion of ZyXEL. This warranty shall not apply if the product has been modified, misused, tampered with, damaged by an act of God, or subjected to abnormal working conditions.NoteRepair or replacement, as provided under this warranty, is the exclusive remedy of the purchaser. This warranty is in lieu of all other warranties, express or implied, including any implied warranty of merchantability or fitness for a particular use or purpose. ZyXEL shall in no event be held liable for indirect or consequential damages of any kind to the purchaser.To obtain the services of this warranty, contact your vendor. You may also refer to the warranty policy for the region in which you bought the device at http://www.zyxel.com/web/support_warranty_info.php.RegistrationRegister your product online to receive e-mail notices of firmware upgrades and information at www.zyxel.com for global products, or at www.us.zyxel.com for North American products.End-User License Agreement for "NBG-417N"WARNING: ZyXEL Communications Corp. IS WILLING TO LICENSE THE ENCLOSED SOFTWARE TO YOU ONLY UPON THE CONDITION THAT YOU ACCEPT ALL OF THE TERMS CONTAINED IN THIS LICENSE AGREEMENT. PLEASE READ THE TERMS CAREFULLY BEFORE COMPLETING THE INSTALLATION PROCESS AS INSTALLING THE SOFTWARE WILL INDICATE YOUR ASSENT TO THEM. IF YOU DO NOT AGREE TO THESE TERMS, THEN ZyXEL, INC. IS UNWILLING TO LICENSE THE SOFTWARE TO YOU, IN WHICH EVENT YOU SHOULD RETURN THE UNINSTALLED SOFTWARE AND PACKAGING TO THE PLACE FROM WHICH IT WAS ACQUIRED, AND YOUR MONEY WILL BE REFUNDED.Company Confidential
Appendix GLegal InformationNBG4604 User’s Guide 2851Grant of License for Personal UseZyXEL Communications Corp. ("ZyXEL") grants you a non-exclusive, non-sublicense, non-transferable license to use the program with which this license is distributed (the "Software"), including any documentation files accompanying the Software ("Documentation"), for internal business use only, for up to the number of users specified in sales order and invoice. You have the right to make one backup copy of the Software and Documentation solely for archival, back-up or disaster recovery purposes. You shall not exceed the scope of the license granted hereunder. Any rights not expressly granted by ZyXEL to you are reserved by ZyXEL, and all implied licenses are disclaimed.2OwnershipYou have no ownership rights in the Software. Rather, you have a license to use the Software as long as this License Agreement remains in full force and effect. Ownership of the Software, Documentation and all intellectual property rights therein shall remain at all times with ZyXEL. Any other use of the Software by any other entity is strictly forbidden and is a violation of this License Agreement.3CopyrightThe Software and Documentation contain material that is protected by United States Copyright Law and trade secret law, and by international treaty provisions. All rights not granted to you herein are expressly reserved by ZyXEL. You may not remove any proprietary notice of ZyXEL or any of its licensors from any copy of the Software or Documentation.4RestrictionsYou may not publish, display, disclose, sell, rent, lease, modify, store, loan, distribute, or create derivative works of the Software, or any part thereof. You may not assign, sublicense, convey or otherwise transfer, pledge as security or otherwise encumber the rights and licenses granted hereunder with respect to the Software. Certain components of the Software, and third party open source programs included with the Software, have been or may be made available by ZyXEL on its Open Source web site (ftp://opensource.zyxel.com) (collectively the "Open-Sourced Components") You may modify or replace only these Open-Sourced Components; provided that you comply with the terms of this License and any applicable licensing terms governing use of the Open-Sourced Components. ZyXEL is not obligated to provide any maintenance, technical or other support for the resultant modified Software. You may not copy, reverse engineer, decompile, reverse compile, translate, adapt, or disassemble the Software, or any part thereof, nor shall you attempt to create the source code from the object code for the Software. Except as and only to the extent expressly permitted in this License, by applicable licensing terms governing use of the Open-Sourced Components, or by applicable law, you may not market, co-brand, private label or otherwise Company Confidential
Appendix GLegal InformationNBG4604 User’s Guide286permit third parties to link to the Software, or any part thereof. You may not use the Software, or any part thereof, in the operation of a service bureau or for the benefit of any other person or entity. You may not cause, assist or permit any third party to do any of the foregoing. Portions of the Software utilize or include third party software and other copyright material. Acknowledgements, licensing terms and disclaimers for such material are contained in the online electronic documentation for the Software (ftp://opensource.zyxel.com), and your use of such material is governed by their respective terms. ZyXEL has provided, as part of the Software package, access to certain third party software as a convenience. To the extent that the Software contains third party software, ZyXEL has no express or implied obligation to provide any technical or other support for such software. Please contact the appropriate software vendor or manufacturer directly for technical support and customer service related to its software and products. 5ConfidentialityYou acknowledge that the Software contains proprietary trade secrets of ZyXEL and you hereby agree to maintain the confidentiality of the Software using at least as great a degree of care as you use to maintain the confidentiality of your own most confidential information. You agree to reasonably communicate the terms and conditions of this License Agreement to those persons employed by you who come into contact with the Software, and to use reasonable best efforts to ensure their compliance with such terms and conditions, including, without limitation, not knowingly permitting such persons to use any portion of the Software for the purpose of deriving the source code of the Software.6No WarrantyTHE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS." TO THE MAXIMUM EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW, ZyXEL DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. ZyXEL DOES NOT WARRANT THAT THE FUNCTIONS CONTAINED IN THE SOFTWARE WILL MEET ANY REQUIREMENTS OR NEEDS YOU MAY HAVE, OR THAT THE SOFTWARE WILL OPERATE ERROR FREE, OR IN AN UNINTERUPTED FASHION, OR THAT ANY DEFECTS OR ERRORS IN THE SOFTWARE WILL BE CORRECTED, OR THAT THE SOFTWARE IS COMPATIBLE WITH ANY PARTICULAR PLATFORM. SOME JURISDICTIONS DO NOT ALLOW THE WAIVER OR EXCLUSION OF IMPLIED WARRANTIES SO THEY MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU. IF THIS EXCLUSION IS HELD TO BE UNENFORCEABLE BY A COURT OF COMPETENT JURISDICTION, THEN ALL EXPRESS AND IMPLIED WARRANTIES SHALL BE LIMITED IN DURATION TO A PERIOD OF THIRTY (30) DAYS FROM THE DATE OF PURCHASE OF THE SOFTWARE, AND NO WARRANTIES SHALL APPLY AFTER THAT PERIOD.7Limitation of LiabilityCompany Confidential
Appendix GLegal InformationNBG4604 User’s Guide 287IN NO EVENT WILL ZyXEL BE LIABLE TO YOU OR ANY THIRD PARTY FOR ANY INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, PUNITIVE, OR EXEMPLARY DAMAGES FOR LOSS OF BUSINESS, LOSS OF PROFITS, BUSINESS INTERRUPTION, OR LOSS OF BUSINESS INFORMATION) ARISING OUT OF THE USE OF OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM, OR FOR ANY CLAIM BY ANY OTHER PARTY, EVEN IF ZyXEL HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. ZyXEL's AGGREGATE LIABILITY WITH RESPECT TO ITS OBLIGATIONS UNDER THIS AGREEMENT OR OTHERWISE WITH RESPECT TO THE SOFTWARE AND DOCUMENTATION OR OTHERWISE SHALL BE EQUAL TO THE PURCHASE PRICE, BUT SHALL IN NO EVENT EXCEED THE PRODUCT°ØS PRICE. BECAUSE SOME STATES/COUNTRIES DO NOT ALLOW THE EXCLUSION OR LIMITATION OF LIABILITY FOR CONSEQUENTIAL OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES, THE ABOVE LIMITATION MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU.8Export RestrictionsTHIS LICENSE AGREEMENT IS EXPRESSLY MADE SUBJECT TO ANY APPLICABLE LAWS, REGULATIONS, ORDERS, OR OTHER RESTRICTIONS ON THE EXPORT OF THE SOFTWARE OR INFORMATION ABOUT SUCH SOFTWARE WHICH MAY BE IMPOSED FROM TIME TO TIME. YOU SHALL NOT EXPORT THE SOFTWARE, DOCUMENTATION OR INFORMATION ABOUT THE SOFTWARE AND DOCUMENTATION WITHOUT COMPLYING WITH SUCH LAWS, REGULATIONS, ORDERS, OR OTHER RESTRICTIONS. YOU AGREE TO INDEMNIFY ZyXEL AGAINST ALL CLAIMS, LOSSES, DAMAGES, LIABILITIES, COSTS AND EXPENSES, INCLUDING REASONABLE ATTORNEYS' FEES, TO THE EXTENT SUCH CLAIMS ARISE OUT OF ANY BREACH OF THIS SECTION 8.9Audit RightsZyXEL SHALL HAVE THE RIGHT, AT ITS OWN EXPENSE, UPON REASONABLE PRIOR NOTICE, TO PERIODICALLY INSPECT AND AUDIT YOUR RECORDS TO ENSURE YOUR COMPLIANCE WITH THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF THIS LICENSE AGREEMENT.10 TerminationThis License Agreement is effective until it is terminated. You may terminate this License Agreement at any time by destroying or returning to ZyXEL all copies of the Software and Documentation in your possession or under your control. ZyXEL may terminate this License Agreement for any reason, including, but not limited to, if ZyXEL finds that you have violated any of the terms of this License Agreement. Upon notification of termination, you agree to destroy or return to ZyXEL all copies of the Software and Documentation and to certify in writing that all known copies, including backup copies, have been destroyed. All provisions relating to confidentiality, proprietary rights, and non-disclosure shall survive the termination of this Software License Agreement.Company Confidential
Appendix GLegal InformationNBG4604 User’s Guide28811 GeneralThis License Agreement shall be construed, interpreted and governed by the laws of Republic of China without regard to conflicts of laws provisions thereof. The exclusive forum for any disputes arising out of or relating to this License Agreement shall be an appropriate court or Commercial Arbitration Association sitting in ROC, Taiwan. This License Agreement shall constitute the entire Agreement between the parties hereto. This License Agreement, the rights granted hereunder, the Software and Documentation shall not be assigned by you without the prior written consent of ZyXEL. Any waiver or modification of this License Agreement shall only be effective if it is in writing and signed by both parties hereto. If any part of this License Agreement is found invalid or unenforceable by a court of competent jurisdiction, the remainder of this License Agreement shall be interpreted so as to reasonably effect the intention of the parties.Note: NOTE: Some components of the Vantage CNM 2.3 incorporate source code covered under the Apache License, GPL License, LGPL License, Sun License, and Castor License. To obtain the source code covered under those Licenses, please check ftp://opensource.zyxel.com to get it.Company Confidential
IndexNBG4604 User’s Guide 289IndexAAddress Assignment 102Alert 183alternative subnet mask notation 214AP 21AP (Access Point) 249AP Modemenu 58overview 55status screen 56AP+Bridge 21Auto-bridge 112BBackup configuration 190Bandwidth managementoverview 147priority 152services 153BitTorrent 154Bridge/Repeater 21BSS 247CCA 254Certificate Authority 254certifications 281notices 283viewing 283Channel 31,57,249Interference 249channel 78Configurationbackup 190reset the factory defaults 192restore 191content filtering 139by keyword (in URL) 140by web feature 139copyright 281CPU usage 31,57CTS (Clear to Send) 250DDaylight saving 180DDNS 131see also Dynamic DNSservice providers 132DHCP 34,117DHCP serversee also Dynamic Host Configuration ProtocolDHCP client information 120DHCP client list 120DHCP server 114,117DHCP table 34,120DHCP client informationDHCP statusDimensions 207disclaimer 281DNS 50,119DNS serversee also Domain name systemDNS Server 102DNS server 119Domain name 41vs host name. see also system nameDomain Name System 119Domain Name System. See DNS.duplex setting 32,58Dynamic DNS 131Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol 117Dynamic WEP Key Exchange 254DynDNS 132Company Confidential
IndexNBG4604 User’s Guide290DynDNS see also DDNS 132DynDNS Wildcard 131EEAP Authentication 253e-mail 92Encryption 255encryption 80and local (user) database 80key 81WPA compatible 80ESS 248ESSID 204Extended Service Set 248Extended wireless security 44FFactory LAN defaults 114,117FCC interference statement 281File Transfer Program 153FirewallICMP packets 137ZyXEL device firewall 136firewallstateful inspection 135Firmware upload 187file extensionusing HTTPfirmware version 31,57Fragmentation Threshold 251FTP. see also File Transfer Program 153Ggateway 144General wireless LAN screen 81HHidden Node 249HTTP 153Hyper Text Transfer Protocol 153IIANA 220IBSS 247IEEE 802.11g 251IGMP 103see also Internet Group Multicast ProtocolversionIGMP version 103Independent Basic Service Set 247Internet Assigned Numbers AuthoritySee IANAInternet connectionEthernetPPPoE. see also PPP over EthernetPPTPWAN connectionInternet connection wizard 44Internet Group Multicast Protocol 103IP Address 115,125IP address 50dynamicIP Pool 118LLAN 113IP pool setup 114LAN overview 113LAN setup 113LAN TCP/IP 114Language 197Link type 32,57local (user) database 79and encryption 80Local Area Network 113Company Confidential
IndexNBG4604 User’s Guide 291Log 184MMAC 87MAC address 79,103cloning 52,103MAC address filter 79MAC address filtering 87MAC filter 87Management Information Base (MIB) 168managing the devicegood habits 22using the Web Configurator. See Web Configurator.using the WPS. See WPS.MBSSID 21Media access control 87Memory usage 31,57Metric 145mode 21Multicast 103IGMP 103NNAT 123,124,172,219how it works 123overview 123routers 172see also Network Address TranslationNAT traversal 159Navigation Panel 32,58navigation panel 32,58NetBIOS 104see also Network Basic Input/Output System104Network Address Translation 123,124OOperating Channel 31,57operating mode 21PP2P 154peer-to-peer 154Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet 46,106Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol 47,108Pool Size 118Port forwarding 125default server 125local server 125port speed 32,58Power Specification 207PPPoE 46,106benefits 46dial-up connectionsee also Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet46PPTP 47,108see also Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol 47Preamble Mode 251product registration 284QQuality of Service (QoS) 90RRADIUS 252Shared Secret Key 253RADIUS Message Types 253RADIUS Messages 253RADIUS server 79registrationproduct 284related documentation 3Remote management 155and NAT 156and the firewall 155limitations 156Company Confidential
IndexNBG4604 User’s Guide292remote management session 155system timeout 156Reset button 29,192Reset the device 29Restore configuration 191RF (Radio Frequency) 208RFC 3489 172Roaming 89RTS (Request To Send) 250RTS Threshold 249,250RTS/CTS Threshold 78,89Ssafety warnings 8Scheduling 95Security Parameters 258Service and port numbers 154Service Set 82Service Set IDentification 82Service Set IDentity. See SSID.servicesand port numbers 259and protocols 259Session Initiated Protocol 153Simple Network Management Protocol, see SNMPSIP 153SNMP 167,168agents 168Get 168GetNext 168Manager 168managers 168MIB 168network components 167Set 168Trap 168versions 167SSID 31,78,82stateful inspection firewall 135Static DHCP 118Static Route 144Status 30subnet 211Subnet Mask 115subnet mask 50,212subnetting 215SummaryDHCP table 34Packet statistics 35Wireless station status 36syntax conventions 6Sys Op Mode 193System General Setup 177System Name 178System name 40vs computer nameSystem restart 192TTCP/IP configuration 117Temperature 207Time setting 179trigger port 128Trigger port forwarding 128example 129process 129UUniversal Plug and Play 159application 160UPnP 159security issues 160URL Keyword Blocking 141Use Authentication 256user authentication 79local (user) database 79RADIUS server 79User Name 133Company Confidential
IndexNBG4604 User’s Guide 293VVoIP 153VPN 108WWANIP address assignment 49WAN (Wide Area Network) 101WAN advanced 111WAN IP address 49WAN IP address assignment 51WAN MAC address 103warranty 284note 284Web Configurator 22how to access 27Overview 27Web configuratornavigating 29WEP Encryption 85WEP encryption 84WEP key 84Wildcard 131Wireless association list 36wireless channel 204wireless LAN 204wireless LAN scheduling 95Wireless LAN wizard 42Wireless networkbasic guidelines 78channel 78encryption 80example 77MAC address filter 79overview 77security 78SSID 78Wireless security 78overview 78type 78wireless security 204Wireless tutorial 55,63WPS 63Wizard setup 39complete 53Internet connection 44system information 40wireless LAN 42WLANInterference 249Security Parameters 258World Wide Web 153WPA compatible 80WPA, WPA2 255WPS 22WWW 92,153XXbox Live 154Company Confidential
IndexNBG4604 User’s Guide294Company Confidential

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