Zyxel Communications Network Router Max208M Users Manual

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www.zyxel.com
www.zyxel.com
WiMAX CPE Series
MAX208M, MAX218M, MAX208M2W, MAX218M2W,
MAX218M1W, MAX218MW, MAX318M2W, MAX308M,
MAX318M
Copyright © 2011
ZyXEL Communications Corporation
Firmware Version 2.00
Edition 1, 8/2011
Default Login Details
IP Address http://192.168.1.1
Admin’s User
Name /Password admin / 1234
Guest’s User
Name /Password guest / guest
About This User's Guide
WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide 3
About This User's Guide
Intended Audience
This manual is intended for people who want to configure the WiMAX Device. See the product-
specific QSG for hardware setup.
Note: This is a configuration manual for a series of products. Therefore, some features or
options in this guide may not be available in your product.
Related Documentation
•Quick Start Guide
The Quick Start Guide is designed to help you get your WiMAX Device up and running right away.
It contains information on setting up your network and configuring for Internet access.
• Web Configurator Online Help
The embedded Web Help contains descriptions of individual screens and supplementary
information.
•Support Disc
Refer to the included CD for support documents.
Document Conventions
WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide
4
Document Conventions
Warnings and Notes
These are how warnings and notes are shown in this User’s Guide.
Warnings tell you about things that could harm you or your device.
Note: Notes tell you other important information (for example, other things you may
need to configure or helpful tips) or recommendations.
Syntax Conventions
• The WiMAX Device may be referred to as the “WiMAX Device”, the “device” or the “system” in
this User’s Guide.
• Product labels, screen names, field labels and field choices are all in bold font.
• A key stroke is denoted by square brackets and uppercase text, for example, [ENTER] means the
“enter” or “return” key on your keyboard.
• “Enter” means for you to type one or more characters and then press the [ENTER] key. “Select”
or “choose” means for you to use one of the predefined choices.
• A right angle bracket ( > ) within a screen name denotes a mouse click. For example,
Maintenance > Log > Log Setting means you first click Maintenance in the navigation panel,
then the Log sub menu and finally the Log Setting tab to get to that screen.
• Units of measurement may denote the “metric” value or the “scientific” value. For example, “k”
for kilo may denote “1000” or “1024”, “M” for mega may denote “1000000” or “1048576” and so
on.
• “e.g.,” is a shorthand for “for instance”, and “i.e.,” means “that is” or “in other words”.
Icons Used in Figures
Figures in this User’s Guide may use the following generic icons. The WiMAX icon is not an exact
representation of your device.
Document Conventions
WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide 5
Graphics in this book may differ slightly from the product due to differences in operating systems,
operating system versions, or if you installed updated firmware/software for your device. Every
effort has been made to ensure that the information in this manual is accurate.
WiMAX Device Computer Notebook computer
Server Base Station Firewall
Router Switch Telephone
Internet Wireless Signal
Safety Warnings
WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide
6
Safety Warnings
• Do NOT use this product near water, for example, in a wet basement or near a swimming pool.
• Do NOT expose your device to dampness, dust or corrosive liquids.
• Do NOT store things on the device.
• Do NOT install, use, or service this device during a thunderstorm. There is a remote risk of electric shock
from lightning.
• Connect ONLY suitable accessories to the device.
• Do NOT open the device or unit. Opening or removing covers can expose you to dangerous high voltage
points or other risks. ONLY qualified service personnel should service or disassemble this device. Please
contact your vendor for further information.
• ONLY qualified service personnel should service or disassemble this device.
• Make sure to connect the cables to the correct ports.
• Place connecting cables carefully so that no one will step on them or stumble over them.
• Always disconnect all cables from this device before servicing or disassembling.
• Use ONLY an appropriate power adaptor or cord for your device.
• Connect the power adaptor or cord to the right supply voltage (for example, 110V AC in North America or
230V AC in Europe).
• Do NOT remove the plug and connect it to a power outlet by itself; always attach the plug to the power
adaptor first before connecting it to a power outlet.
• Do NOT allow anything to rest on the power adaptor or cord and do NOT place the product where anyone can
walk on the power adaptor or cord.
• Do NOT use the device if the power adaptor or cord is damaged as it might cause electrocution.
• If the power adaptor or cord is damaged, remove it from the power outlet.
• Do NOT attempt to repair the power adaptor or cord. Contact your local vendor to order a new one.
• For indoor devices, do not use the device outside, and make sure all the connections are indoors. There is a
remote risk of electric shock from lightning.
• Do NOT obstruct the device ventilation slots, as insufficient airflow may harm your device.Use only No. 26
AWG (American Wire Gauge) or larger telecommunication line cord.
• Antenna Warning! This device meets ETSI and FCC certification requirements when using the included
antenna(s). Only use the included antenna(s).
• If you wall mount your device, make sure that no electrical lines, gas or water pipes will be damaged.
• Make sure that the cable system is grounded so as to provide some protection against voltage surges.
Your product is marked with this symbol, which is known as the WEEE mark. WEEE stands for Waste
Electronics and Electrical Equipment. It means that used electrical and electronic products should not
be mixed with general waste. Used electrical and electronic equipment should be treated separately.
Contents Overview
WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide 7
Contents Overview
User’s Guide ...........................................................................................................................15
Introduction to the Series ...........................................................................................................17
Introduction to the Web Configurator .........................................................................................20
Setup Wizard.............................................................................................................................. 25
Tutorials .....................................................................................................................................35
Technical Reference .............................................................................................................. 61
System Status ............................................................................................................................63
WiMAX .......................................................................................................................................67
Network Setting ..........................................................................................................................91
Security ....................................................................................................................................125
The VoIP General Screens ......................................................................................................151
The VoIP Account Screens ......................................................................................................157
The VoIP Line Screens ............................................................................................................171
Maintenance .............................................................................................................................175
Troubleshooting .......................................................................................................................197
Product Specifications ..............................................................................................................203
Contents Overview
WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide
8
Table of Contents
WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide 9
Table of Contents
About This User's Guide..........................................................................................................3
Document Conventions ...........................................................................................................4
Safety Warnings........................................................................................................................6
Contents Overview .................................................................................................................. 7
Table of Contents .....................................................................................................................9
Part I: User’s Guide ................................................................................15
Chapter 1
Introduction to the Series ......................................................................................................17
1.1 About Your WiMAX Device ..................................................................................................17
1.1.1 WiMAX Internet Access ..............................................................................................18
1.1.2 Models with Phone Ports ............................................................................................18
1.1.3 Models with WiFi ........................................................................................................19
1.2 Good Habits for Managing the WiMAX Device ....................................................................19
Chapter 2
Introduction to the Web Configurator...................................................................................20
2.1 Overview ..............................................................................................................................20
2.1.1 Accessing the Web Configurator ................................................................................20
2.1.2 Saving and Canceling Changes .................................................................................21
2.1.3 Working with Tables ....................................................................................................21
2.2 The Main Screen ..................................................................................................................22
Chapter 3
Setup Wizard...........................................................................................................................25
3.1 Overview ..............................................................................................................................25
3.1.1 Welcome to the Setup Wizard ....................................................................................25
3.1.2 LAN Settings ...............................................................................................................26
3.1.3 WiMAX Frequency Settings ........................................................................................27
3.1.4 WiMAX Authentication Settings ..................................................................................28
3.1.5 VoIP Settings ..............................................................................................................30
3.1.6 WLAN Settings ...........................................................................................................32
3.1.7 Setup Complete ..........................................................................................................34
Table of Contents
WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide
10
Chapter 4
Tutorials...................................................................................................................................35
4.1 Overview ..............................................................................................................................35
4.2 WiMAX Connection Settings ................................................................................................35
4.3 Setting Up a Small Network for the LAN ..............................................................................36
4.4 Making a Telephone Call Over the Internet ..........................................................................38
4.4.1 Configure Your SIP Account .......................................................................................38
4.5 Blocking Web Access from the WiMAX Device ...................................................................40
4.6 Restricting Wireless Access to the WiMAX Device ..............................................................40
4.7 Allowing Internet Users to use Internal Servers ...................................................................42
4.8 Access the WiMAX Device with a Domain Name ................................................................44
4.8.1 Registering a DDNS Account on www.dyndns.org .....................................................45
4.8.2 Configuring DDNS on Your WiMAX Device ................................................................46
4.8.3 Testing the DDNS Setting ...........................................................................................46
4.9 Configuring Static Route for Routing to Another Network ....................................................46
4.10 Remotely Managing Your WiMAX Device ..........................................................................48
4.11 Changing Certificate to Communicate with Other Networks ..............................................49
4.12 Using Virtual Networks .......................................................................................................50
4.12.1 Scenario 1 ................................................................................................................51
4.12.2 Scenario 2 ................................................................................................................52
4.12.3 Scenario 3 ................................................................................................................54
4.12.4 Scenario 4 ................................................................................................................56
4.12.5 Scenario 5 ................................................................................................................58
Part II: Technical Reference...................................................................61
Chapter 5
System Status .........................................................................................................................63
5.1 Overview ..............................................................................................................................63
5.2 System Status ......................................................................................................................63
Chapter 6
WiMAX ..................................................................................................................................... 67
6.1 Overview ..............................................................................................................................67
6.1.1 What You Need to Know .............................................................................................67
6.2 Connection Settings .............................................................................................................70
6.3 Frequency Settings ..............................................................................................................72
6.4 Authentication Settings ........................................................................................................74
6.5 Channel Plan Settings ..........................................................................................................77
6.6 CAPL Settings ......................................................................................................................79
6.6.1 CAPL Settings: Add ....................................................................................................80
Table of Contents
WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide 11
6.7 RAPL Settings ......................................................................................................................81
6.8 Home NSP Settings .............................................................................................................82
6.9 Connect ................................................................................................................................83
6.10 Wide Scan ..........................................................................................................................85
6.11 Link Status ..........................................................................................................................87
6.12 Link Statistics .....................................................................................................................88
6.13 Connection Info ..................................................................................................................89
6.14 Service Flow .......................................................................................................................89
Chapter 7
Network Setting ......................................................................................................................91
7.1 Overview ..............................................................................................................................91
7.1.1 What You Need to Know .............................................................................................91
7.2 WAN .....................................................................................................................................94
7.3 PPPoE ..................................................................................................................................96
7.4 GRE .....................................................................................................................................97
7.5 EtherIP .................................................................................................................................98
7.6 IP ..........................................................................................................................................98
7.7 DHCP ...................................................................................................................................99
7.8 WLAN .................................................................................................................................100
7.9 WPS ...................................................................................................................................102
7.10 MAC Address Filter ..........................................................................................................103
7.11 Static Route ......................................................................................................................104
7.12 Static Route Add ..............................................................................................................104
7.13 RIP ...................................................................................................................................105
7.14 Port Forwarding ................................................................................................................107
7.14.1 Port Forwarding Wizard ..........................................................................................108
7.15 Port Trigger ......................................................................................................................108
7.15.1 Port Trigger Wizard ................................................................................................. 110
7.15.2 Trigger Port Forwarding Example ........................................................................... 111
7.16 DMZ ................................................................................................................................. 111
7.17 ALG .................................................................................................................................. 112
7.18 QoS .................................................................................................................................. 113
7.19 UPnP ................................................................................................................................ 113
7.19.1 Installing UPnP in Windows XP .............................................................................. 114
7.19.2 Web Configurator Easy Access .............................................................................. 118
7.20 VLAN ................................................................................................................................ 119
7.21 DDNS ...............................................................................................................................121
7.22 IGMP Proxy ......................................................................................................................123
7.23 Content Filter ....................................................................................................................123
Chapter 8
Security..................................................................................................................................125
Table of Contents
WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide
12
8.1 Overview ............................................................................................................................125
8.1.1 What You Need to Know ...........................................................................................125
8.2 IP Filter ...............................................................................................................................125
8.3 MAC Filter ..........................................................................................................................126
8.4 DDOS .................................................................................................................................127
8.5 PPTP VPN Server ..............................................................................................................129
8.6 PPTP VPN Client ...............................................................................................................130
8.7 PPTP VPN Client: Add .......................................................................................................131
8.8 L2TP VPN Server ...............................................................................................................133
8.9 L2TP VPN Client ................................................................................................................135
8.10 L2TP VPN Client: Add ......................................................................................................135
8.11 IPSec VPN .......................................................................................................................137
8.11.1 IPSec VPN: Add ......................................................................................................139
8.12 Technical Reference .........................................................................................................144
8.12.1 IPSec Architecture ..................................................................................................144
8.12.2 Encapsulation .........................................................................................................145
8.12.3 IKE Phases ............................................................................................................146
8.12.4 Negotiation Mode ...................................................................................................147
8.12.5 IPSec and NAT .......................................................................................................147
8.12.6 VPN, NAT, and NAT Traversal ................................................................................148
8.12.7 ID Type and Content ...............................................................................................148
8.12.8 Pre-Shared Key ......................................................................................................150
8.12.9 Diffie-Hellman (DH) Key Groups .............................................................................150
Chapter 9
The VoIP General Screens ...................................................................................................151
9.1 VoIP Overview ....................................................................................................................151
9.1.1 What You Need to Know ...........................................................................................151
9.1.2 Before you Begin ......................................................................................................152
9.2 Media .................................................................................................................................153
9.3 QoS ....................................................................................................................................154
9.4 SIP Settings .......................................................................................................................155
9.5 Speed Dial ..........................................................................................................................155
9.6 Technical Reference ...........................................................................................................156
9.6.1 DSCP and Per-Hop Behavior ...................................................................................156
Chapter 10
The VoIP Account Screens ..................................................................................................157
10.1 Overview ..........................................................................................................................157
10.1.1 What You Need to Know .........................................................................................157
10.2 Status ...............................................................................................................................160
10.3 Server ...............................................................................................................................161
10.4 SIP ...................................................................................................................................163
Table of Contents
WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide 13
10.5 Feature .............................................................................................................................165
10.6 Dialing ..............................................................................................................................166
10.7 FAX ..................................................................................................................................167
10.8 Technical Reference .........................................................................................................167
10.8.1 SIP Call Progression with Session Timer ...............................................................167
10.8.2 SIP Client Server ....................................................................................................170
Chapter 11
The VoIP Line Screens .........................................................................................................171
11.1 Overview ..........................................................................................................................171
11.1.1 What You Need to Know .........................................................................................171
11.2 Phone ...............................................................................................................................172
11.3 Voice .................................................................................................................................172
11.4 Region ..............................................................................................................................173
Chapter 12
Maintenance..........................................................................................................................175
12.1 Overview ..........................................................................................................................175
12.1.1 What You Need to Know .........................................................................................175
12.2 Password .........................................................................................................................180
12.3 HTTP ................................................................................................................................181
12.4 Telnet ................................................................................................................................181
12.5 SSH ..................................................................................................................................182
12.6 SNMP ...............................................................................................................................183
12.7 CWMP ..............................................................................................................................183
12.8 OMA-DM ..........................................................................................................................185
12.9 Date/Time .........................................................................................................................187
12.10 Time Zone ......................................................................................................................187
12.11 Upgrade File ...................................................................................................................188
12.11.1 The Firmware Upload Process .............................................................................189
12.12 Upgrade Link ..................................................................................................................189
12.13 CWMP Upgrade .............................................................................................................189
12.14 Backup/Restore ..............................................................................................................190
12.15 Restore ...........................................................................................................................190
12.15.1 The Restore Configuration Process .....................................................................191
12.16 Factory Defaults .............................................................................................................191
12.17 Log Setting .....................................................................................................................192
12.18 Log Display ....................................................................................................................192
12.19 Network Test ..................................................................................................................193
12.20 Traceroute ......................................................................................................................194
12.21 About ..............................................................................................................................194
12.22 Reboot ............................................................................................................................195
Table of Contents
WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide
14
Chapter 13
Troubleshooting.................................................................................................................... 197
13.1 Power, Hardware Connections, and LEDs .......................................................................197
13.2 WiMAX Device Access and Login ....................................................................................198
13.3 Internet Access ................................................................................................................199
13.4 Wireless Internet Access (for Models with WiFi) ..............................................................201
13.5 Phone Calls and VoIP (for Models with Phone Ports) ......................................................201
13.6 Reset the WiMAX Device to Its Factory Defaults .............................................................202
13.6.1 Pop-up Windows, JavaScript and Java Permissions .............................................202
Chapter 14
Product Specifications.........................................................................................................203
Appendix A WiMAX Security ...............................................................................................207
Appendix B Importing Certificates ....................................................................................... 211
Appendix C Common Services............................................................................................237
Appendix D Open Software Announcements ...................................................................... 241
Appendix E Legal Information.............................................................................................. 277
Index ......................................................................................................................................285
15
PART I
User’s Guide
16
WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide 17
CHAPTER 1
Introduction to the Series
1.1 About Your WiMAX Device
The WiMAX Device allows you to access the Internet by connecting to a WiMAX wireless network.
For some models, you can use a traditional analog telephone to make Internet calls using the
WiMAX Device’s Voice over IP (VoIP) communication capabilities.
Additionally, The web browser-based Graphical User Interface (GUI), also known as the web
configurator, provides easy management of the device and its features.
Please refer to the following description of the product name format.
• Models starting with “2” (for example MAX208M2W) denote an indoor CPE device; models
starting with “3” (for example MAX318M2W) denote an outdoor CPE device.
• Models with the second number as “0” (for example MAX208M2W) denote that its frequency
band is 2.5GHz ~ 2.7GHz; models with the second number as “1” (for example MAX218M2W)
denote that its frequency band is 3.4GHz ~ 3.6GHz.
• The number after the letter “M” denote the number of VoIP ports that the device has. For
example, MAX208M2W has 2 VoIP ports; MAX218M has no VoIP port.
• Models ending with “W” (for example MAX208M2W) denote WiFi functionality, including 802.11n
mode.
See the following table for the main features for each specific model:
Table 1 Main Features
FEATURE /
MODEL FREQUENCY
BAND
NUMBER OF
PHONE
PORTS
WIFI
FUNCTION INDOOR
DEVICE OUTDOOR
DEVICE
MAX208M 2.5 ~ 2.7 GHz N/A N/A
MAX218M 3.4 ~ 3.6 GHz N/A N/A
MAX208M2W 2.5 ~ 2.7 GHz 2
MAX218M2W 3.4 ~ 3.6 GHz 2
MAX218M1W 3.4 ~ 3.6 GHz 1
MAX218MW 3.4 ~ 3.6 GHz N/A
MAX318M2W 3.4 ~ 3.6 GHz 2
MAX308M 2.5 ~ 2.7 GHz N/A N/A
MAX318M 3.4 ~ 3.6 GHz N/A N/A
Chapter 1 Introduction to the Series
WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide
18
1.1.1 WiMAX Internet Access
Connect your computer or network to the WiMAX Device for WiMAX Internet access. See the Quick
Start Guide for instructions on hardware connection.
In a wireless metropolitan area network (MAN), the WiMAX Device connects to a WiMAX base
station (BS) for Internet access.
The following diagram shows a notebook computer equipped with the WiMAX Device connecting to
the Internet through a WiMAX base station (marked BS).
Figure 1 Mobile Station and Base Station
When the firewall is on, all incoming traffic from the Internet to your network is blocked unless it is
initiated from your network.
Use content filtering to block access to web sites with URLs containing keywords that you specify.
You can define time periods and days during which content filtering is enabled and include or
exclude particular computers on your network from content filtering. For example, you could block
access to certain web sites for the kids.
1.1.2 Models with Phone Ports
For models with phone ports, you can use the WiMAX Device to make and receive Voice over
Internet Phone (VoIP) telephone calls:
• Calls via a VoIP service provider - The WiMAX Device sends your call to a VoIP service provider’s
SIP server which forwards your calls to either VoIP or PSTN phones.
Figure 2 Calls via VoIP Service Provider
Chapter 1 Introduction to the Series
WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide 19
1.1.3 Models with WiFi
For WiFi models, IEEE 802.11b/g/n compliant clients can wirelessly connect to the WiMAX Device to
access network resources. You can set up a wireless network with WPS (WiFi Protected Setup) or
manually add a client to your wireless network.
Figure 3 WiFi Connection Application
1.2 Good Habits for Managing the WiMAX Device
Do the following things regularly to make the WiMAX Device more secure and to manage the
WiMAX Device more effectively.
• Change the password. Use a password that’s not easy to guess and that consists of different
types of characters, such as numbers and letters.
• Write down the password and put it in a safe place.
• Back up the configuration (and make sure you know how to restore it). Restoring an earlier
working configuration may be useful if the WiMAX Device becomes unstable or even crashes. If
you forget your password, you will have to reset the WiMAX Device to its factory default settings.
If you backed up an earlier configuration file, you would not have to totally re-configure the
WiMAX Device. You could simply restore your last configuration.
LAN
WLAN
WAN
WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide 20
CHAPTER 2
Introduction to the Web Configurator
2.1 Overview
The Web Configurator is an HTML-based management interface that allows easy device set up and
management via any web browser that supports: HTML 4.0, CSS 2.0, and JavaScript 1.5, and
higher. The recommended screen resolution for using the web configurator is 1024 by 768 pixels
and 16-bit color, or higher.
In order to use the Web Configurator you need to allow:
• Web browser pop-up windows from your device. Web pop-up blocking is enabled by default in
many operating systems and web browsers.
• JavaScript (enabled by default in most web browsers).
• Java permissions (enabled by default in most web browsers).
See the Appendix C on page 233 for more information on configuring your web browser.
2.1.1 Accessing the Web Configurator
1Make sure your WiMAX Device hardware is properly connected (refer to the Quick Start Guide for
more information).
2Launch your web browser.
3Enter 192.168.1.1192.168.1.1" as the URL.
4A login screen displays. Enter the default Username (admin) and Password (1234), then click
Login.
Figure 4 Login screen
Chapter 2 Introduction to the Web Configurator
WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide 21
Note: For security reasons, the WiMAX Device automatically logs you out if you do not
use the Web Configurator for five minutes. If this happens, log in again.
2.1.2 Saving and Canceling Changes
All screens to which you can make configuration changes must be saved before those changes can
go into effect. If you make a mistake while configuring the WiMAX Device, you can cancel those
changes and start over.
Figure 5 Saving and Canceling Changes
This screen contains the following fields:
Note: If you make changes to a page but do not save before switching to another page or
exiting the Web Configurator, those changes are discarded.
2.1.3 Working with Tables
Many screens in the WiMAX Device contain tables to provide information or additional configuration
options.
Figure 6 Tables Example
This screen contains the following fields:
Table 2 Saving and Canceling Changes
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Save Click this to save your changes.
Cancel Click this to restore the settings on this page to their last saved values.
Table 3 Saving and Canceling Changes
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Items per Page
This displays the number of items displayed per table page. Use
the menu to change this value.
First Page
Click this to go to the first page in the table.
Chapter 2 Introduction to the Web Configurator
WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide
22
2.2 The Main Screen
When you first log into the Web Configurator, the Main screen appears. Here you can view a
summary of your WiMAX Device’s connection status. This is also the default “home” page for the
Web Configurator and it contains conveniently-placed shortcuts to all of the other screens.
Note: Some features in the Web Configurator may not be available depending on your
model and firmware version and/or configuration.
Previous Page
Click this to go to the previous page in the table.
Page Indicator / Jump to Page
This indicates which page is currently displayed in the table. Use
the menu to jump to another page. You can only jump to other
pages if those pages exist.
Next Page
Click this to go to the previous page in the table.
Last Page
Click this to go to the last page in the table.
# This indicates an item’s position in the table. It has no bearing on
that item’s importance or lack there of.
Total Num This indicates the total number of items in the table, including
items on pages that are not visible.
Table 3 Saving and Canceling Changes (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Chapter 2 Introduction to the Web Configurator
WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide 23
Note: The available menus and screens vary depending on the type of account (admin or
guest) you use for login.
Figure 7 Main Screen
The following table describes the menus in this screen.
Table 4 Main > Menu
MENU DESCRIPTION
Language Use this menu to select the Web Configurator’s language.
Setup Wizard Click this to open the Setup Wizard, where you can configure the most
essential settings for your WiMAX Device to work.
Logout Click this to log out of the Web Configurator.
System Status Click this to open the Main screen, which shows your WiMAX Device
status and other information.
WiMAX Click this to open the WiMAX menu, which gives you options for
configuring your WiMAX settings.
Network Setting Click this to open the Network menu, which gives you options for
configuring your WAN/LAN/WiFi network settings.
Security Click this to open the Security menu, which gives you options for
configuring your firewall and security settings.
VoIP Click this icon to open the VoIP menu, which gives you options on how to
make telephone calls over the Internet via the WiMAX Device.
Maintenance Click this to open the Maintenance menu, which gives you options for
maintaining your WiMAX Device and performing basic network
connectivity tests.
Chapter 2 Introduction to the Web Configurator
WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide
24
WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide 25
CHAPTER 3
Setup Wizard
3.1 Overview
This chapter provides information on the Setup Wizard. The wizard guides you through several
steps for configuring your network settings.
3.1.1 Welcome to the Setup Wizard
This screen provides a quick summary of the configuration tasks the wizard helps you to perform.
They are:
1Set up your Local Area Network (LAN) options, which determine how the devices in your home or
office connect to the WiMAX Device.
2Set up your WiMAX Device’s broadcast frequency, which is the radio channel it uses to communicate
with the ISP’s base station.
3Set up your WiMAX Device’s login options, which are used to connect your LAN to the ISP’s network
and verify your account.
4For models with VoIP feature, set up your WiMAX Device’s VoIP Settings, which will allow you to
make calls over the IInternet.
5For models with WiFi feature, set up your WiMAX Device’s wireless LAN so that other devices, such
as a laptop or a smartphone, can connect wirelessly to the Internet using the WiMAX Device.
Figure 8 Setup Wizard > Welcome
Chapter 3 Setup Wizard
WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide
26
3.1.2 LAN Settings
The LAN Settings screen allows you to configure your local network options.
Figure 9 Setup Wizard > LAN Settings
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 5 Setup Wizard > LAN Settings
LABEL DESCRIPTION
LAN TCP/IP
IP Address Enter the IP address of the WiMAX Device on the LAN.
Note: This field is the IP address you use to access the WiMAX Device on the LAN. If
the web configurator is running on a computer on the LAN, you lose access to
it as soon as you change this field. You can access the web configurator again
by typing the new IP address in the browser.
IP Subnet
Mask Enter the subnet mask of the LAN.
DHCP Server
Enable Select this if you want the WiMAX Device to be the DHCP server on the LAN. As a
DHCP server, the WiMAX Device assigns IP addresses to DHCP clients on the LAN
and provides the subnet mask and DNS server information.
Start IP Enter the IP address from which the WiMAX Device begins allocating IP addresses.
End IP Enter the IP address at which the WiMAX Device stops allocating IP addresses.
Lease
Time Enter the duration in minutes before the device requests a new IP address from the
DHCP server.
DNS Server assigned by DHCP Server
First DNS
Server Specify the first IP address of three DNS servers that the network can use. The
WiMAX Device provides these IP addresses to DHCP clients.
Chapter 3 Setup Wizard
WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide 27
3.1.3 WiMAX Frequency Settings
The WiMAX Frequency Settings screen allows you to configure the broadcast radio frequency used
by the WiMAX Device.
Note: The frequency band varies for different models. See Section 1.1 on page 17 for
more information.
Note: These settings should be provided by your ISP.
Figure 10 Setup Wizard > WiMAX Frequency Settings
Second
DNS
Server
Specify the second IP address of three DNS servers that the network can use. The
WiMAX Device provides these IP addresses to DHCP clients.
Third DNS
Server Specify the third IP address of three DNS servers that the network can use. The
WiMAX Device provides these IP addresses to DHCP clients.
Back Click to display the previous screen.
Next Click to proceed to the next screen.
Table 5 Setup Wizard > LAN Settings (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
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28
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
3.1.4 WiMAX Authentication Settings
The WiMAX Authentication Settings screen allows you to configure how your WiMAX Device logs
into the service provider’s network.
Note: These settings should be provided by your ISP.
Note: The EAP supplicant settings on this screen vary depending on the authentication
mode your select.
Table 6 Setup Wizard > WiMAX Frequency Settings
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Setting Type Select the WiMAX frequency setting type from the list.
•By Range - Select this to set up the frequency based on a range of
MHz.
•By List - Select this to set up the frequency on an individual MHz basis.
You can add multiple MHz values to the list.
Step Enter the increments in MHz by which to increase the frequency range.
Note: This field only appears when you select By Range under Setting Type.
Start Frequency Enter the frequency value at the beginning of the frequency range to use.
The frequency is increased in increments equal to the Step value until the
End Frequency is reached, at which time the cycle starts over with the
Start Frequency.
Note: This field only appears when you select By Range under Setting Type.
End Frequency Enter the frequency value at the end of the frequency range to use.
Note: This field only appears when you select By Range under Setting Type.
Bandwidth Set the frequency bandwidth in MHz that this WiMAX Device uses.
# This is an index number for enumeration purposes only.
Frequency (MHz) Displays the frequency MHz for the item in the list.
Total Num Displays the total number of items in the list.
Delete Click this to remove an item from the list.
Add Click this to add an item to the list.
OK Click this to save an newly added item to the list.
# This is an index number for enumeration purposes only.
Band Start (KHz) Indicates the beginning of the frequency band in KHz.
Band End (KHz) Indicates the end of the frequency band in KHz.
Total Num Displays the total number of items in the list.
Back Click to display the previous screen.
Next Click to proceed to the next screen.
Chapter 3 Setup Wizard
WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide 29
Figure 11 Setup Wizard > WiMAX Authentication Settings
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 7 Setup Wizard > WiMAX Authentication Settings
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Authentication
Authentication
Mode Select a WiMAX authentication mode for authentication network sessions with the
ISP. Options are:
• No authentication
• User authentication
• Device authentication
• User and Device authentication
EAP Supplication
EAP Mode Select an EAP authentication mode. See Table 14 on page 76 if you need more
information.
Anonymous Id Enter your anonymous ID.
Note: Some modes may not require this.
Ignore Cert
Verification Select this to ignore base station certification verification when a certificate is
received during EAP-TLS or EAP-TTLS.
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3.1.5 VoIP Settings
For models with VoIP feature, you can configure your VoIP settings in the Setup Wizard. The VoIP
Settings screen allows you to configure how your WiMAX Device connects to the VoIP service
provider’s network and makes calls over the Internet.
Server Root CA
Cert. File Browse for and choose a server root certificate file, if required.
Server Root CA
Cert. Info This field displays information about the assigned server root certificate.
Device Cert.
File Browse for and choose a device certificate file, if required.
Device Cert.
Info. This field displays information about the assigned device certificate.
Device Private
Key Browse for and choose a device private key, if required.
Device Private
Key
Info
This field displays information about the assigned device private key.
Device Private
Key Password Enter the device private key, if required.
Inner Mode Select an inner authentication mode (MS-CHAP, MS-CHAPV2, CHAP, MD5, PAP.
See Table 14 on page 76 if you need more information.
Username Enter your authentication username.
Password Enter your authentication password.
Back Click to display the previous screen.
Next Click to proceed to the next screen.
Table 7 Setup Wizard > WiMAX Authentication Settings (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
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WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide 31
Note: This settings should be provided by your VoIP service provider.
Figure 12 Setup Wizard > VoIP Settings
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 8 Setup Wizard > VoIP Settings
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Line 1/2 SIP Account - Configure this section to use the PHONE 1 and/or PHONE 2 port.
Enable Select this to activate the SIP account.
SIP Server Enter the IP address or domain name of the SIP server.
Port Number Enter the SIP server’s listening port number.
Subscriber Number Enter your SIP number. In the full SIP URI, this is the part before the @ symbol.
Display Name Enter the name that appears on the other party’s device if they have Caller ID
enabled.
Authentication
Name Type the SIP user name associated with this account for authentication to the SIP
server.
Password Type the SIP password associated with this account.
Back Click to display the previous screen.
Next Click to proceed to the next screen.
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3.1.6 WLAN Settings
For models with WiFi wireless feature, you can configure your WLAN settings in the Setup Wizard.
The WLAN Settings screen lets you set up how other devices connect to the Internet wirelessly
using the WiMAX Device.
Figure 13 Setup Wizard > WLAN Settings
Figure 14 Setup Wizard > WLAN Settings > Encryption Type: WPA Personal
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 9 Setup Wizard > WLAN Settings
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Wifi Settings
Enable WLAN Select this box to enable the wireless service and allow other wireless clients to
connect to the Internet using the WiMAX Device.
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WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide 33
WLAN Mode Select the mode that the WiMAX Device will be using to communicate: 802.11
B/G mixed, 802.11 B only, 802.11 G only, 802.11 N only, or 802.11 B/G/
N mixed.
WLAN Channel Select one channel from 1 to 13 for wireless communications with the wireless
stations.
SSID Settings
WLAN SSID This field displays the name of the wireless network associated with the WiMAX
Device.
Hide SSID Select this option if you wish to keep the name of the wireless network hidden.
Encryption Type Select the type of encryption that the network will be using: None, WEP, or
WPA Personal.
SSID WEP Settings
Note: You will only see this options if you selected WEP as the Encryption Type.
Authentication
Method Select the type of authentication used to join the network: Open System or
Shared Key.
WEP Encryption
Length Select the length of the encryption key: 64-bit or 128-bit.
Key 1 - 4 Pick one of four available keys. The key can be in either Hexagecimal (HEX) or
ASCII format.
Type the key using any letters and numbers. The field is case sensitive and the
length must match the length picked in the step above (64-bit or 128-bit). A
warning message will appear if you fail to do this.
SSID WPA Settings
Note: You will only see this options if you selected WPA Personal as the Encryption Type.
WPA Mode Select either WPA, WPA2 or Auto (WPA or WPA2).
Cipher Type Select the type of authentication that you wish to use for your network: TKIP,
AES or TKIP and AES. AES is more secure.
Pre Shared Key Type the pre-shared key or PSK previously shared between the two parties.
Table 9 Setup Wizard > WLAN Settings (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
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34
3.1.7 Setup Complete
Click Save to save the Setup Wizard settings and close it.
Figure 15 Setup Wizard > Setup Complete
Launch your web browser and navigate to your favorite website. If everything was configured
properly, the web page should display. You can now surf the Internet!
Refer to the rest of this guide for more detailed information on the complete range of WiMAX Device
features available in the more advanced web configurator.
Note: If you cannot access the Internet, open the web configurator again to confirm that
the Internet settings you configured in the Wizard Setup are correct.
WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide 35
CHAPTER 4
Tutorials
4.1 Overview
Run the Setup Wizard for the basic setup of your WiMAX Device. This chapter shows you how to
configure some of the advanced settings WiMAX Device’s features.
Note: Be sure to read Introduction to the Web Configurator on page 20 before working
through the tutorials presented here. For field descriptions for individual screens,
see the related technical reference in this User's Guide.
This chapter includes the following configuration examples:
•WiMAX Connection Settings on page 35
•Setting Up a Small Network for the LAN on page 36
•Making a Telephone Call Over the Internet on page 38
•Blocking Web Access from the WiMAX Device on page 40
•Restricting Wireless Access to the WiMAX Device on page 40
•Allowing Internet Users to use Internal Servers, see page 42
•Access the WiMAX Device with a Domain Name, see page 44
•Configuring Static Route for Routing to Another Network, see page 46
•Remotely Managing Your WiMAX Device on page 48
•Changing Certificate to Communicate with Other Networks on page 49
•Using Virtual Networks on page 50
4.2 WiMAX Connection Settings
This tutorial provides you with pointers for configuring the WiMAX Device to connect to an ISP.
1Connect the WiMAX Device to the ISP’s nearest base station. See Section 6.2 on page 70.
2Configure the WiMAX Device’s broadcast frequency. Section 6.3 on page 72.
3Configure the WiMAX Device to connect securely to the ISP’s authentication servers. See Section
6.4 on page 74.
4Check the WiMAX Device’s connection status to ensure everything is working properly. See Section
6.11 on page 87.
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4.3 Setting Up a Small Network for the LAN
This tutorial shows you how to set up a small network in your office or home.
Goal: Connect three computers to your WiMAX Device to form a small network.
Required: The following table provides a summary of the information you will need to complete
the tasks in this tutorial.
1In the Web Configurator, open the Network Setting > LAN screen and set the IP Address to
192.168.100.1. Use the default IP Subnet Mask of 255.255.255.0. Click Save.
2Manually change the IP address of your computer that your are using to 192.168.100.x (for
example, 192.168.100.5) and keep the subnet set to 255.255.255.0.
3Type http://192.168.100.1 in your browser after the WiMAX Device finishes starting up completely.
INFORMATION VALUE SEE ALSO
LAN IP Address 192.168.100.1 Chapter 7 on page 98
Starting IP Address 192.168.100.10 Chapter 7 on page 99
Ending IP Address 192.168.100.30
DNS Servers From ISP
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4Log into the Web Configurator and open the Network Setting > LAN > DHCP screen.
5Select Server for the DHCP mode, then enter 192.168.100.10 and 192.168.100.30 as your DHCP
starting and ending IP addresses.
6Leave the other settings as their defaults and click Save.
7Next, go to the Network Setting > WAN screen and select NAT in the Operation Mode field.
Click Save.
8Connect your computers to the WiMAX Device’s Ethernet ports and you’re all set!
Note: You may need to configure the computers on your LAN to automatically obtain IP
addresses. For information on how to do this, see Appendix B on page 209.
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38
Once your network is configured and hooked up, you will want to connect it to the Internet next. To
do this, just run the Internet Connection Wizard (Chapter 3 on page 25), which walks you
through the process.
4.4 Making a Telephone Call Over the Internet
For models with phone port(s), you can make a call over the Internet using the WiMAX Device.
4.4.1 Configure Your SIP Account
Your WiMAX Device needs to be configured with the details of your SIP account before you can use
it to make calls over the Internet.
Once you have connected the WiMAX Device to your computer and accessed the Web Configurator,
follow the steps below to configure your SIP settings.
For some models (see Section 1.1 on page 17 for the specific models) that have 2 phone ports, you
can configure 2 SIP accounts. The following example uses only 1 SIP account, as the configuration
steps are the same for the second account if there is one.
The following parameters are used in this example:
1Click VoIP > Account > Server.
2Enter the fields in the screen according to the parameters provided. For field information that is not
provided, leave it as the default setting.
Registrar Server sip.example.net
Proxy Server 192.168.0.35
Subscriber Number 12345678
Authentication Name ChangeMe
Password ThisIsMySIP
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3Click Save to save your settings.
4Click VoIP > Account > SIP.
5Select the Enable checkbox and enter the parameters provided in the SIP Account section.
6Click Save to save your settings.
7Click VoIP > Account > Status. Click Connect to to register the WiMAX Device to the register
server. If the Register Status is Registered, it is ready to use. If this field shows Register Fail,
contact your VoIP provider to confirm that you have the correct settings and that your account is
active.
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4.5 Blocking Web Access from the WiMAX Device
If your WiMAX Device is in a home or office environment you may decide that you want to block an
Internet website access. You may need to block both the website’s IP address and domain name.
Goal: Configure the WiMAX Device’s content filter to block a website with a domain name
www.example.com.
See Also: Section 7.23 on page 123.
1Open the Network Setting > Content Filter.
2Select Enable URL Filter.
3Select Blacklist.
4Click Add and configure a URL filter rule by selecting Active and entering www.example.com as the
URL.
5Click OK.
6Click Save.
Open a browser from your computer in the WiMAX Device’s LAN network, you should get an
“Access Violation” message when you try to access to http://www.example.com. You may also
need to block the IP address of the website if you do not want users to access to the website
through its IP address.
4.6 Restricting Wireless Access to the WiMAX Device
This tutorial shows you how to use the MAC filter to block a DHCP client’s access to the WiMAX
network.
Chapter 4 Tutorials
WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide 41
1First of all, you have to know the MAC address of the computer. If not, you can look for the MAC
address in the Network Setting > LAN > DHCP screen. (192.168.100.3 mapping to
00:02:E3:53:16:95 in this example).
2Click Security > Firewall > MAC Filter. Select Blacklist and click the Add button in the MAC
Filter Rules table.
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3An empty entry appears. Enter the computer’s MAC address in the Source MAC field and leave the
other fields set to their defaults. Click Save.
The computer will no longer be able to access any host on the WiMAX network through the WiMAX
Device.
4.7 Allowing Internet Users to use Internal Servers
Thomas recently received an Xbox 360 as his birthday gift. His friends invited him to play online
games with them on Xbox LIVE. In order to communicate and play with other gamers on Xbox
LIVE, Thomas needs to configure the port settings on his WiMAX Device.
Xbox 360 requires the following ports to be available in order to operate Xbox LIVE correctly:
TCP: 53, 80, 3074
UDP: 53, 88, 3074
1You have to know the Xbox 360’s IP address first. You can check it through the Xbox 360 console.
You may be able to check the IP address on the WiMAX Device if the WiMAX Device has assigned a
DHCP IP address to the Xbox 360. Check the DHCP Leased Hosts table in the Network > LAN >
DHCP screen. Look for the IP address for the Xbox 360.
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WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide 43
2NAT mode is required to use port forwarding. Click Network Setting > WAN and make sure NAT
is selected in the Operation Mode field. Click Save.
3Click Network Setting > NAT > Port Forwarding and then click the first entry to edit the rule.
4Configure the screen as follows to open TCP/UDP port 53 for the Xbox 360. Click OK.
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5Repeat steps 2 and 3 to open the rest of the ports for the Xbox 360. The port forwarding settings
you configured are listed in the Port Forwarding screen.
6Click Save.
Thomas can then connect his Xbox 360 to the Internet and play online games with his friends.
In this tutorial, all port 80 traffic is forwarded to the Xbox 360, but port 80 is also the default
listening port for remote management via WWW. If Thomas also wants to manage the WiMAX
Device from the Internet, he has to assign an unused port to WWW remote access.
Click Maintenance > Remote MGMT. Enter an unused port in the Port field (81 in this example).
Click Save.
4.8 Access the WiMAX Device with a Domain Name
If you connect your WiMAX Device to the Internet and it uses a dynamic WAN IP address, it is
inconvenient for you to manage the device from the Internet. The WiMAX Device’s WAN IP address
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WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide 45
changes dynamically. Dynamic DNS (DDNS) allows you to access the WiMAX Device using a domain
name.
To use this feature, you have to apply for DDNS service at www.dyndns.org.
This tutorial covers:
•Registering a DDNS Account on www.dyndns.org
•Configuring DDNS on Your WiMAX Device
•Testing the DDNS Setting
Note: If you have a private WAN IP address (see Private IP Addresses on page 250), then
you cannot use DDNS.
4.8.1 Registering a DDNS Account on www.dyndns.org
1Open a browser and type http://www.dyndns.org.
2Apply for a user account. This tutorial uses UserName1 and 12345 as the username and
password.
3Log into www.dyndns.org using your account.
4Add a new DDNS host name. This tutorial uses the following settings as an example.
•Hostname: mywimax.dyndns.org
•Service Type: Host with IP address
• IP Address: Enter the WAN IP address that your WiMAX Device is currently using. You can find
the IP address on the WiMAX Device’s Web Configurator Status page.
Then you will need to configure the same account and host name on the WiMAX Device later.
w.x.y.z a.b.c.d
http://mywimax.dyndns.org
A
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4.8.2 Configuring DDNS on Your WiMAX Device
Configure the following settings in the Network Setting > DDNS screen.
1Select Enable Dynamic DNS.
2Select dyndns.org for the service provider.
3Select Dynamic for the service type.
4Type mywimax.dyndns.org in the Domain Name field.
5Enter the user name (UserName1) and password (12345).
6Select WAN IP for the IP update policy.
7Click Save.
4.8.3 Testing the DDNS Setting
Now you should be able to access the WiMAX Device from the Internet. To test this:
1Open a web browser on the computer (using the IP address a.b.c.d) that is connected to the
Internet.
2Type http://mywimax.dyndns.org and press [Enter].
3The WiMAX Device’s login page should appear. You can then log into the WiMAX Device and manage
it.
4.9 Configuring Static Route for Routing to Another
Network
In order to extend your Intranet and control traffic flowing directions, you may connect a router to
the WiMAX Device’s LAN. The router may be used to separate two department networks. This
tutorial shows how to configure a static routing rule for two network routings.
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In the following figure, router R is connected to the WiMAX Device’s LAN. R connects to two
networks, N1 (192.168.1.x/24) and N2 (192.168.10.x/24). If you want to send traffic from
computer A (in N1 network) to computer B (in N2 network), the traffic is sent to the WiMAX
Device’s WAN default gateway by default. In this case, computer B will never receive the traffic.
You need to specify a static routing rule on the WiMAX Device to specify R as the router in charge of
forwarding traffic to N2. In this case, the WiMAX Device routes traffic from computer A to R and
then R routes the traffic to computer B.
This tutorial uses the following example IP settings:
Table 10 IP Settings in this Tutorial
DEVICE / COMPUTER IP ADDRESS
The WiMAX Device’s WAN 172.16.1.1
The WiMAX Device’s LAN 192.168.1.1
A192.168.1.34
R’s IP address on N1 192.168.1.253
N2
B
A
R
N1
N2
B
N1
A
R
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To configure a static route to route traffic from N1 to N2:
1Click Network Setting > Route > Static Route.
2Click Add to create a new route.
3Configure the Edit Static Route screen using the following settings:
3a Enter 192.168.10.0 and subnet mask 255.255.255.0 for the destination, N2.
3b Enter 192.168.1.253 (R’s IP address on N1) in the IP Address field under Next Hop.
3a Click Save.
Now computer B should be able to receive traffic from computer A. You may need to additionally
configure R’s firewall settings to accept specific traffic to pass through.
4.10 Remotely Managing Your WiMAX Device
The remote management feature allows you to log into the device through the Internet.
Goal: Set up the WiMAX Device to allow management requests from the WAN (Internet).
See Also: Section 7.20 on page 119.
R’s IP address on N2 192.168.10.2
B192.168.10.33
Table 10 IP Settings in this Tutorial
DEVICE / COMPUTER IP ADDRESS
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WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide 49
1Open the Maintenance > Remote MGMT > HTTP screen.
2Select Enable in both HTTP Server and HTTPS Server sections and leave the Port Number
settings as “80” and “443”.
3Select Allow Connection from WAN. This allows remote management connections not only from
the local network but also the WAN network (Internet).
4Click Save.
4.11 Changing Certificate to Communicate with Other
Networks
This tutorial shows you how to import a new security certificate, which allows your device to
communicate with other network servers.
Goal: Import a new security certificate into the WiMAX Device.
See Also: Appendix B on page 211.
1Go to the WiMAX > Profile > Authentication Settings screen. In the EAP Supplicant section,
click each Browse button and locate the security certificates that were provided by your new ISP.
s
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2Configure your new Internet access settings based on the information provided by the ISP.
Note: You can also use the Internet Connection Wizard to configure the Internet access
settings.
3You may need to configure the Options section according to the information provided by the ISP.
4Click Save. You should now be able to connect to the Internet through your new service provider!
4.12 Using Virtual Networks
This section shows VLAN configuration scenarios.
See Section 7.20 on page 119 if you need more information about VLAN.
Before enabling VLANs you will need to change the WiMAX Device to bridge mode.
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Click Network Setting > WAN. Change the WiMAX Device to bridge mode and then click Save. If
you cannot obtain IP address settings from a WAN DHCP server, select User as the Get IP Method
and enter the WAN IP Address, WAN IP Subnet Mask and Gateway IP Address.
4.12.1 Scenario 1
In this scenario, PC A is connected directly to interface LAN1 on the WiMAX Device. PC B is
connected to interface WiMAX and interface IAD for managing the WiMAX Device.
Figure 16 VLAN Configuration Example 1
A
B
No VLAN Tag
No VLAN Tag
No VLAN Tag
CPE
LAN
Manager IP No VLAN Tag
No VLAN Tag
No VLAN Tag
User Network
PC
Manager IP: No VLAN Tag
LAN: Transparent
Network
operators
Transparent
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1Configure the Link Type, PVID and Tag/Untag settings for the interfaces as below by clicking
each row. Then press OK.
2Next, configure the Name, VID and Ports for the Filter Setting. The WiMAX Device will tag
packets it receives on each interface so that they are recognized in VLAN 5. Tagged packets will be
untagged when they are forwarded out of each interface since the devices attached to these
interfaces do not support VLAN tagged packets.
4.12.2 Scenario 2
In this scenario, PC A and PC C are on VLAN 5, while PC B and PC D are on VLAN 10. PC A and PC B
are connected to interface LAN1 through VLAN supporting switch S1. PC C is connected to interface
WiMAX and interface IAD for managing the WiMAX Device, through VLAN supporting switch S2. PC
D is connected to interface WiMAX through VLAN supporting switch S2.
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Note: You will need to configure the VLAN supporting switches to tag the received packets
with the appropriate VLAN IDs. For example, packets received on switch S1 from PC
A on the LAN would be tagged to VLAN 5.
Figure 17 VLAN Configuration Example 2
1Configure the Link Type, PVID and Tag/Untag settings for the interfaces as below by clicking
each row. Then press OK.
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54
2Next, configure the Name, VID and Ports for the Filter Setting. Interfaces LAN1 and WiMAX
are Trunk links, so the WiMAX Device will recognize VLAN 5 and VLAN 10 tagged packets it receives
on these interfaces from the VLAN supporting switches. VLAN tagged packets will also be forwarded
out of these interfaces. Interface IAD is configured as an Access port, so tagged packets will be
untagged when they are forwarded.
4.12.3 Scenario 3
In this scenario, PC A and PC C are on VLAN 5, PC B and PC D are on VLAN 10, and PC E is on VLAN
3. PC A and PC B are connected to interface LAN1 through VLAN supporting switch S1. PC C and PC
D are connected to interface WiMAX through VLAN supporting switch S2. PC E is connected to
interface IAD through VLAN supporting switch S2 for managing the WiMAX Device.
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Note: You will need to configure the VLAN supporting switches to tag the received packets
with the appropriate VLAN IDs. For example, packets received on switch S1 from PC
A on the LAN would be tagged to VLAN 5.
Figure 18 VLAN Configuration Example 3
1Configure the Link Type, PVID and Tag/Untag settings for the interfaces as below by clicking
each row. Then press OK.
VLAN TagID = 5
VLAN TagID = 10
A
B
No VLAN Tag
No VLAN Tag
VLAN TagID = 5
VLAN TagID = 5
VLAN TagID = 10
VLAN TagID = 10 No VLAN Tag
No VLAN Tag
C
D
No VLAN Tag E
VLAN TagID = 3
VLAN TagID = 3
S1 S2
CPE
LAN
Manager IP
User Network
Router
Manager IP: Enable VLAN
LAN: Transparent
Network
operators
Transparent
Note: Manager IP VLAN ID is different from
VLAN Tag ID=5
VLAN Tag ID=5
VLAN Tag ID=10 VLAN Tag ID=10
VLAN Tag ID=3 VLAN Tag ID=3
the LAN transparent VLAN ID
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2Next, configure the Name, VID and Ports for the Filter Setting. Interfaces LAN1 and WiMAX
are Trunk links, so the WiMAX Device will recognize VLAN 5 and VLAN 10 tagged packets it receives
on these interfaces from the VLAN supporting switches. VLAN tagged packets will also be forwarded
out of these interfaces. Interface IAD is configured as an Access port, so tagged packets will be
untagged when they are forwarded.
4.12.4 Scenario 4
In this scenario, PC A is connected directly to interface LAN1 on the WiMAX Device, while PC B is on
VLAN 5. PC B is connected to interface WiMAX and interface IAD for managing the WiMAX Device,
through VLAN supporting switch S1.
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Note: You will need to configure the VLAN supporting switches to tag the received packets
with the appropriate VLAN IDs. For example, packets received on switch S1 from PC
B on the LAN would be tagged to VLAN 5.
Figure 19 VLAN Configuration Example 4
1Configure the Link Type, PVID and Tag/Untag settings for the interfaces as below by clicking
each row. Then press OK.
A
VLAN TagID = 5
VLAN TagID = 5
B
S1
No VLAN Tag No VLAN Tag
CPE
LAN
Manager IP
No VLAN Tag
User Network
PC
Network
operators
Manager IP: Enable VLAN
LAN: Transparent Note: Manager IP VLAN ID is the same
as the LAN transparent VLAN ID
VLAN Tag ID=5
VLAN Tag ID=5
VLAN Tag ID=5
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2Next, configure the Name, VID and Ports for the Filter Setting. Interfaces LAN1 and WiMAX
are Trunk links. On the WiMAX interface, the WiMAX Device will recognize VLAN 5 tagged packets it
receives from the VLAN supporting switch. VLAN tagged packets will also be forwarded out of this
interface. On the LAN1 interface, the WiMAX Device will tag packets it receives so that they are
recognized in VLAN 5. On LAN1, tagged packets will be untagged when they are forwarded out
since PC A does not support VLAN tagged packets. Interface IAD is configured as an Access port,
so tagged packets will be untagged when they are forwarded.
4.12.5 Scenario 5
In this scenario, PC A is directly connected to interface LAN1 on the WiMAX Device. PC B is on VLAN
5 while PC C is on VLAN 10. PC B is connected to interface WiMAX and interface IAD for managing
the WiMAX Device, through VLAN supporting switch S1. PC C is connected to interface WiMAX
through VLAN supporting switch S1.
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WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide 59
Note: You will need to configure the VLAN supporting switches to tag the received packets
with the appropriate VLAN IDs. For example, packets received on switch S1 from PC
C on the LAN would be tagged to VLAN 10.
Figure 20 VLAN Configuration Example 5
1Configure the Link Type, PVID and Tag/Untag settings for the interfaces as below by clicking
each row. Then press OK.
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2Next, configure the Name, VID and Ports for the Filter Setting. Interfaces LAN1 and WiMAX
are Trunk links. On the WiMAX interface the WiMAX Device will recognize VLAN 5 and VLAN 10
tagged packets it receives from the VLAN supporting switch. VLAN tagged packets will also be
forwarded out of these interfaces. On the LAN1 interface, the WiMAX Device will tag packets it
receives so that they are recognized in VLAN 10. On LAN1, tagged packets will be untagged when
they are forwarded out, since PC A does not support VLAN tagged packets. Interface IAD is
configured as an Access port, so tagged packets will be untagged when they are forwarded.
61
PART II
Technical Reference
62
WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide 63
CHAPTER 5
System Status
5.1 Overview
Use this screen to view a summary of your WiMAX Device connection status.
5.2 System Status
This screen allows you to view the current status of the device, system resources, and interfaces
(LAN and WAN).
Click System Status to open this screen as shown next.
Figure 21 System Status
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64
The following tables describe the labels in this screen.
Table 11 Status
LABEL DESCRIPTION
System Information
System Model
Name This field displays the WiMAX Device system model name. It is used for
identification.
Software
Version This field displays the Web Configurator version number.
CROM Version This field displays the CROM version number.
Firmware
Version This field displays the current version of the firmware inside the device.
Firmware Date This field shows the date the firmware version was created.
System Time This field displays the current system time.
Uptime This field displays how long the WiMAX Device has been running since it last
started up.
System Resources
Memory This field displays what percentage of the WiMAX Device’s memory is currently
used. The higher the memory usage, the more likely the WiMAX Device is to
slow down. Some memory is required just to start the WiMAX Device and to run
the web configurator. You can reduce the memory usage by disabling some
services; by reducing the amount of memory allocated to NAT and firewall rules
(you may have to reduce the number of NAT rules or firewall rules to do so); or
by deleting rules in functions such as incoming call policies, speed dial entries,
and static routes.
CPU This field displays what percentage of the WiMAX Device’s CPU is currently
used. The higher the CPU usage, the more likely the WiMAX Device is to slow
down.
WiMAX
Device Status This field displays the WiMAX Device current status for connecting to the
selected base station.
•Scanning - The WiMAX Device is scanning for available base stations.
•Ready - The WiMAX Device has finished a scanning and you can connect to
a base station.
•Connecting - The WiMAX Device attempts to connect to the selected base
station.
•Connected - The WiMAX Device has successfully connected to the selected
base station.
Connection
Status This field displays the status of the WiMAX connection between the WiMAX
Device and the base station.
•Network Search - The WiMAX Device is scanning for any available WiMAX
connections.
•Disconnected - No WiMAX connection is available.
•Network Entry - A WiMAX connection is initializing.
•Normal - The WiMAX connection has successfully established.
BSID This field displays the MAC address of the base station to which the device is
connected.
Frequency This field indicates the frequency the WiMAX Device is using.
Signal Strength This field indicates the strength of the connection that the WiMAX Device has
with the base station.
Link Quality This field indicates the relative quality of the link the WiMAX Device has with
the base station.
WAN
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WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide 65
Status This field indicates the status of the WAN connection to the WiMAX Device.
MAC Address This field indicates the MAC address of the port making the WAN connection on
the WiMAX Device.
IP Address This field indicates the current IP address of the WiMAX Device in the WAN.
Subnet Mask This field indicates the current subnet mask on the WAN.
Gateway This field indicates the IP address of the gateway to which the WiMAX Device is
connected.
MTU This field indicates the Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) between the WiMAX
Device and the ISP servers to which it is connected.
DNS This field indicates the Domain Name Server (DNS) to which your WiMAX
Device is connected.
LAN
MAC Address This field indicates the MAC address of the port making the LAN connection on
the WiMAX Device.
IP Address This field displays the current IP address of the WiMAX Device in the LAN.
Subnet Mask This field displays the current subnet mask in the LAN.
MTU This field indicates the Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) between the WiMAX
Device and the client devices to which it is connected.
VOIP Phone
Account1/2
Subscriber This field displays the SIP number for the SIP account.
If your WiMAX Device has only one phone port, there is only one account.
Registered
Status This field displays whether the SIP account is already registered with a SIP
server (Up or Disabled).
Phone1/2
Status This field displays whether the phone line (mapping to the VoIP port) is in use
or not (idle).
If your WiMAX Device has only one phone port, there is only one phone line.
Table 11 Status (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
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WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide 67
CHAPTER 6
WiMAX
6.1 Overview
This chapter shows you how to set up and manage the connection between the WiMAX Device and
your ISP’s base stations.
6.1.1 What You Need to Know
The following terms and concepts may help as you read through this chapter.
WiMAX
WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) is the IEEE 802.16 wireless networking
standard, which provides high-bandwidth, wide-range wireless service across wireless Metropolitan
Area Networks (MANs). ZyXEL is a member of the WiMAX Forum, the industry group dedicated to
promoting and certifying interoperability of wireless broadband products.
In a wireless MAN, a wireless-equipped computer is known either as a mobile station (MS) or a
subscriber station (SS). Mobile stations use the IEEE 802.16e standard and are able to maintain
connectivity while switching their connection from one base station to another base station
(handover) while subscriber stations use other standards that do not have this capability (IEEE
802.16-2004, for example). The following figure shows an MS-equipped notebook computer MS1
moving from base station BS1’s coverage area and connecting to BS2.
Figure 22 WiMax: Mobile Station
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WiMAX technology uses radio signals (around 2 to 10 GHz) to connect subscriber stations and
mobile stations to local base stations. Numerous subscriber stations and mobile stations connect to
the network through a single base station (BS), as in the following figure.
Figure 23 WiMAX: Multiple Mobile Stations
A base station’s coverage area can extend over many hundreds of meters, even under poor
conditions. A base station provides network access to subscriber stations and mobile stations, and
communicates with other base stations.
The radio frequency and bandwidth of the link between the WiMAX Device and the base station are
controlled by the base station. The WiMAX Device follows the base station’s configuration.
Authentication
When authenticating a user, the base station uses a third-party RADIUS or Diameter server known
as an AAA (Authentication, Authorization and Accounting) server to authenticate the mobile or
subscriber stations.
The following figure shows a base station using an AAA server to authenticate mobile station MS,
allowing it to access the Internet.
Figure 24 Using an AAA Server
In this figure, the dashed arrow shows the PKM (Privacy Key Management) secured connection
between the mobile station and the base station, and the solid arrow shows the EAP secured
connection between the mobile station, the base station and the AAA server. See the WiMAX
security appendix for more details.
Chapter 6 WiMAX
WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide 69
Frequency Ranges
The following figure shows the WiMAX Device searching a range of frequencies to find a connection
to a base station.
Figure 25 Frequency Ranges
In this figure, A is the WiMAX frequency range. “WiMAX frequency range” refers to the entire range
of frequencies the WiMAX Device is capable of using to transmit and receive (see the Product
Specifications appendix for details).
In the figure, B shows the operator frequency range. This is the range of frequencies within the
WiMAX frequency range supported by your operator (service provider).
The operator range is subdivided into bandwidth steps. In the figure, each C is a bandwidth step.
The arrow D shows the WiMAX Device searching for a connection.
Have the WiMAX Device search only certain frequencies by configuring the downlink frequencies.
Your operator can give you information on the supported frequencies.
The downlink frequencies are points of the frequency range your WiMAX Device searches for an
available connection. Use the Site Survey screen to set these bands. You can set the downlink
frequencies anywhere within the WiMAX frequency range. In this example, the downlink
frequencies have been set to search all of the operator range for a connection.
Certification Authority
A Certification Authority (CA) issues certificates and guarantees the identity of each certificate
owner. There are commercial certification authorities like CyberTrust or VeriSign and government
certification authorities. You can use the WiMAX Device to generate certification requests that
contain identifying information and public keys and then send the certification requests to a
certification authority.
Certificate File Formats
The certification authority certificate that you want to import has to be in one of these file formats:
• Binary X.509: This is an ITU-T recommendation that defines the formats for X.509 certificates.
• PEM (Base-64) encoded X.509: This Privacy Enhanced Mail format uses lowercase letters,
uppercase letters and numerals to convert a binary X.509 certificate into a printable form.
• Binary PKCS#7: This is a standard that defines the general syntax for data (including digital
signatures) that may be encrypted. The WiMAX Device currently allows the importation of a
PKS#7 file that contains a single certificate.
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• PEM (Base-64) encoded PKCS#7: This Privacy Enhanced Mail (PEM) format uses 64 ASCII
characters to convert a binary PKCS#7 certificate into a printable form.
CINR
Carrier to Interference-plus-Noise Ratio (CINR) measures the effectiveness of a wireless signal and
plays an important role in allowing the WiMAX Device to decode signal burst. If a burst has a high
signal strength and a high interference-plus-noise ratio, it can use Digital Signal Processing (DSP)
to decode it; if the signal strength is lower, it can switch to an alternate burst profile.
RSSI
Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) measures the relative strength of a given wireless signal.
This is important in determining if a signal is below the Clear-To-Send (CTS) threshold. If it is below
the arbitrarily specified threshold, then WiMAX Device is free to transmit any data packets.
EAP Authentication
EAP (Extensible Authentication Protocol) is an authentication protocol that runs on top of the IEEE
802.1x transport mechanism in order to support multiple types of user authentication. By using EAP
to interact with an EAP-compatible RADIUS server, an access point helps a wireless station and a
RADIUS server perform authentication.
The WiMAX Device supports EAP-TLS and EAP-TTLS (at the time of writing, TTLS is not available in
Windows Vista). For EAP-TLS authentication type, you must first have a wired connection to the
network and obtain the certificate(s) from a certificate authority (CA). Certificates (also called
digital IDs) can be used to authenticate users and a CA issues certificates and guarantees the
identity of each certificate owner.
6.2 Connection Settings
This screen allows you to configure how the WiMAX Device connects to the base stations on the
WiMAX network.
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Click WiMAX > Profile > Connection Settings to open this screen as shown next.
Figure 26 Connection Settings Screen
This screen contains the following fields:
Table 12 Connection Settings
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Connection Option Settings
Auto
Reconnect Select the interval in seconds that the WiMAX Device waits after getting
disconnected from the base station before attempting to reconnect.
Auto Connect
Mode Select the auto connect mode.
•By channel power - Auto connects to the base station if the signal strength
of the channel is sufficient for the WiMAX Device.
•By CINR - Auto connects to the base station if the signal-to-noise ratio is
sufficient for the WiMAX Device.
Enable
Handover Select this to maintain connectivity while the WiMAX Device switches its
connection from one base station to another base station.
Enable MS
Initiated Idle
Mode
Select this to have the WiMAX Device enter the idle mode after it has no traffic
passing through for a pre-defined period. Make sure your base station also
supports this before selecting this.
Idle Mode
Interval Set the idle duration in minutes. This is how long the WiMAX Device waits during
periods of no activity before going into idle mode.
CINR & RSSI
Refresh
Interval
Set the refresh interval in milliseconds for calculating the signal-to-noise
measurement (CINR) and signal strength measurement (RSSI) of the WiMAX
Device.
LDRP (Low
Data Rate
Protection)
Enter the Low Data Rate Protection (LDRP) time in milliseconds. If the uplink/
downlink data rate is smaller than the LDRP time, the WiMAX Device sends a
disconnect request to the base station.
LDRP TX Rate Enter the outgoing data rates for LDRP in bytes per second.
LDRP RX Rate Enter the incoming data rates for LDRP in bytes per second.
Connection Type Settings
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6.3 Frequency Settings
Use this screen to have the WiMAX Device to scan one or more specific radio frequencies (given by
your WiMAX service provider) to find available connections to base stations.
Note: The frequency band varies for different models. See Section 1.1 on page 17 for
more information.
Mode Select Select how the WiMAX Device connects to the base station.
•Auto Connect Mode - The device connects automatically to the first base
station in range.
•Network Search Mode - The device scans for available base stations then
connects to the best one it can.
•NSP Mode - This allows the WiMAX Device to connect to a base station with
a user-specified NSP ID. To specify the NSP ID, select a result in the list and
click Connect. The WiMAX Device will automatically connect to a base
station with the same NSP ID, and the best CINR or RSSI.
•NSP/NAP Mode - This allows the WiMAX Device to connect to a base station
with a user-specified NSP ID and NAP ID. To specify the NSP ID and NAP ID,
select a result in the list and click Connect. The WiMAX Device will
automatically connect to a base station with the same NSP ID and NAP ID,
and the best CINR or RSSI.
•NSP/NAP/BSID Mode - This allows the WiMAX Device to connect to a base
station with a user-specified NSP ID, NAP ID and BSID. To specify the NSP
ID, NAP ID and BSID, select a result in the list and click Connect. The
WiMAX Device will automatically connect to a base station with the same NSP
ID, NAP ID and BSID, and the best CINR or RSSI.
BSID This displays the MAC address of a base station within range of the WiMAX
Device.
NSP This field displays the NSP ID.
NAP This field displays the NAP ID.
Preamble ID The preamble ID is the index identifier in the header of the base station’s
broadcast messages. In the beginning of a mobile stations’s network entry
process, it searches for the preamble and uses it to additional channel
information.
The preamble ID is used to synchronize the upstream and downstream
transmission timing with the base station.
Frequency
(MHz) This field displays the radio frequency of the WiMAX Device’s connection to the
base station.
Bandwidth
(MHz) This field displays the bandwidth of the base station in megahertz (MHz).
RSSI (dBm) This field displays the Received Signal Strength Indication (RSSI), which is an
overall measurement of radio signal strength. A higher RSSI level indicates a
stronger signal.
CINR (dB) R3/
R1 This field displays the average Carrier to Interference plus Noise Ratio for the
current connection. This value is an indication of overall radio signal quality,
where a higher value means a better quality signal.
Search Click this to have the WiMAX Device scan for base stations.
Table 12 Connection Settings (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Chapter 6 WiMAX
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Click WiMAX > Profile > Frequency Settings to open this screen as shown next.
Figure 27 Frequency Settings Screen (By List)
Figure 28 Frequency Settings Screen (By Range)
This screen contains the following fields:
Table 13 Frequency Settings
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Setting Type Select whether to scan base stations by entering specific frequency(-ies) (By
List) or a range of frequencies (By Range).
Note: When you select By Range, you can only configure one range of
frequencies in this screen. To configure multiple frequency ranges, use the
WiMAX > Wide Scan screen.
Note: Some settings in this screen are only available depending on the Setting
Type selected.
Join Wide Scan
Result The scanning result of the frequency to scan you configured in this screen will
be shown in the WiMAX > Connect screen. Select this option to determine
whether to also append the wide scanning result (configured in the WiMAX >
Wide Scan screen) to the same table.
Default
Bandwidth Select the default bandwidth (size) per frequency band you specify in table A.
A (When By List is selected in the Setting Type field)
Frequency
(KHz) This displays the center frequency of an frequency band in kilohertz (KHz).
Click the number to modify it.
Enter the center frequency in this field when you are adding an entry.
A
B
A
B
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6.4 Authentication Settings
These settings allow the WiMAX Device to establish a secure (authenticated) connection with the
service provider.
Bandwidth
(MHz) This displays the bandwidth of the frequency band in megahertz (MHz). If you
set a center frequency to 2600000 KHz with the bandwidth of 10 MHz, then the
frequency band is from 2595000 to 2605000 KHz.
Click the number to modify it.
Enter the bandwidth of the frequency band in this field when you are adding an
entry.
Delete Click this button to remove an item from the list.
Add Click this button to add an item to the list.
OK Click this button to save any changes made to the list.
A (When By Range is selected in the Setting Type field)
Start
Frequency
(KHz)
This indicates the beginning of a frequency band in kilohertz (KHz).
Click this field to modify it.
Enter the beginning frequency when you are adding an entry.
End
Frequency
(KHz)
This indicates the end of the frequency band in kilohertz (KHz).
Click this field to modify it.
Step (KHz) This indicates the frequency step within each band in kilohertz (KHz).
Click this field to modify it.
Bandwidth
(MHz) This indicates the bandwidth in megahertz (MHz).
Click this field to modify it.
OK Click this button to save any changes made to the list.
Valid Band Info (B)
This table displays the entire frequency band the WiMAX Device supports. The frequenc(ies) to scan
that you configured in table A must be within this range.
Band Start
(KHz) This indicates the beginning of the frequency band in kilohertz (KHz).
Band End
(KHz) This indicates the end of the frequency band in kilohertz (KHz).
Table 13 Frequency Settings (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Chapter 6 WiMAX
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Click WiMAX > Profile > Authentication Settings to open this screen as shown next.
Figure 29 Authentication Settings Screen
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76
This screen contains the following fields:
Table 14 Authentication Settings
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Authentication
Mode Select the authentication mode from the list.
The WiMAX Device supports the following authentication modes:
• No authentication
• User authentication
• Device authentication
• User and device authentication
Data Encryption
AES-CCM Select this to enable AES-CCM encryption. CCM combines counter-mode
encryption with CBC-MAC authentication.
AES-CBC Select this to enable AES-CBC encryption. CBC creates message authentication
code from a block cipher.
Key Encryption
AES-key wrap Select this encapsulate cryptographic keys in a symmetric encryption algorithm.
AES-ECB Select this to divide cryptographic keys into blocks and encrypt them separately.
EAP Supplicant
EAP Mode Select an Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP) mode.
The WiMAX Device supports the following:
•EAP-TLS - In this protocol, digital certifications are needed by both the
server and the wireless clients for mutual authentication. The server presents
a certificate to the client. After validating the identity of the server, the client
sends a different certificate to the server. The exchange of certificates is done
in the open before a secured tunnel is created. This makes user identity
vulnerable to passive attacks. A digital certificate is an electronic ID card that
authenticates the sender’s identity. However, to implement EAP-TLS, you
need a Certificate Authority (CA) to handle certificates, which imposes a
management overhead.
•EAP-TTLS - This protocol is an extension of the EAP-TLS authentication that
uses certificates for only the server-side authentications to establish a secure
connection. Client authentication is then done by sending username and
password through the secure connection, thus client identity is protected. For
client authentication, EAP-TTLS supports EAP methods and legacy
authentication methods such as PAP, CHAP, MS-CHAP and MS-CHAP v2.
Anonymous
ID Enter the anonymous ID used for EAP supplicant authentication.
Server Root
CA Cert File Browse for and choose a server root certificate file, if required.
Server Root
CA Info This field displays information about the assigned server root certificate.
Device Cert
File Browse for and choose a device certificate file, if required.
Before you import certificate from WebGUI, the certificate file must be signed by
chipset vendor due to security reason.
Device Cert
Info This field displays information about the assigned device certificate.
Device Private
Key Browse for and choose a device private key, if required.
Device Private
Key Info This field displays information about the assigned device private key.
Device Private
Key Password Enter the device private key, if required.
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6.5 Channel Plan Settings
This screen allows you to specify channel plan settings for Network Discovery and Selection
(ND&S). The WiMAX Device uses ND&S to establish connections when it is roaming. To do this, the
WiMAX Device will scan for base stations that are operated by Network Access Providers (NAP) that
have service agreements with the subscriber’s service provider (Home-Network Service Provider or
Inner Mode Sets the EAP-TTLS inner mode.
The WiMAX Device supports the following:
•MS-CHAP v2 - This is version 2 of Microsoft’s variant of Challenge
Handshake Authentication Protocol (CHAP). It allows for mutual
authentication between devices.
•MS-CHAP - This is Microsoft’s variant of Challenge Handshake
Authentication Protocol (CHAP). It allows for mutual authentication between
devices.
•CHAP - The Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol (CHAP) uses PPP
to authenticate remote devices using a three-way handshake and shared
secret verification.
•MD5 - Message-Digest, algorithm 5, (MD5) encryption is typically used for
checking file integrity. Because this encryption protocol contains a number of
serious security flaws it is generally not recommended that you use it for
authentication security.
•PAP - Password Authentication Protocol uses unencrypted plaintext to send a
passwords for authentication over the network. It’s probably not a good idea
to rely on this for security.
Username Enter the username required for the EAP-TTLS inner method.
Password Enter the password required for the EAP-TTLS inner method.
Options
Enable Auth
Mode
Decoration in
EAP Outer ID
Select this to enable authentication mode.
Enable
Service Mode
Decoration in
EAP Outer ID
Select this to enable service mode.
Random Outer
ID Select this to allow the WiMAX Device to generate a 16-byte random number as
a username for the EAP Identity Response message.
Ignore Cert
Verification Select this to ignore base station certification verification when a certificate is
received during EAP-TLS or EAP-TTLS.
Same EAP
OuterID in
ReAuth
Select this to use the same EAP to the outer ID when reauthenticating.
MAC address
in EAP-TLS
outer Id
Adds the MAC address of the WiMAX Device to the outer ID while the EAP mode
is set to EAP-TLS.
Delete existed
Root
Certificate file
Select this to delete an existing root certificate file from the WiMAX Device.
Delete existed
Device
Certificate file
Select this to delete an existing device certificate file from the WiMAX Device.
Delete existed
Private Key Select this to delete an existing private key from the WiMAX Device.
Table 14 Authentication Settings (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
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Home NSP). Through the NAP’s base station, which is identified by a NAP-ID, the subscriber’s
WiMAX Device can access the Internet through a network service provider (NSP). Access can be
through another network service provider (Visited-Network Service Provider or V-NSP) or his own
network service provider (Home NSP), depending on his service agreement.
In the following scenario, the subscriber’s WiMAX Device cannot reach a base station owned by his
Home NSP (base station with NAP-ID = 1). The WiMAX Device uses ND&S and is able to access
another base station with NAP-ID = 2. This base station is associated with another service provider
(V-NSP with NSP-ID = 20). The subscriber’s service agreement specifies to route traffic from the
other service provider to the Home NSP, so the Home NSP authenticates and authorizes the
connection.
Figure 30 ND&S Scenario
The channel plan settings specify the allowed frequency range to search for a NAP. The channel plan
is necessary to speed up the network discovery process.
Click WiMAX > ND&S > Channel Plan Settings to open this screen as shown next.
Figure 31 Channel Plan Settings
NAP-ID = 2
NAP-ID = 1
Home NSP
V-NSP
NSP-ID = 20
Chapter 6 WiMAX
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This screen contains the following fields:
6.6 CAPL Settings
This screen allows you to view the Contractual Agreement Preference List (CAPL) of NAPs for base
stations that are preferred for establishing connections. The CAPL is a list of NAPs that are affiliated
with the Home NSP through contractual agreements.
Click WiMAX > ND&S > CAPL Settings to open this screen as shown next.
Figure 32 CAPL Settings
Table 15 Channel Plan Settings
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Channel Plan Settings - You can configure multiple ranges of frequencies to scan for different NAPs.
The configured frequency ranges to scan must be within the Valid Band. Specify the Channel Plan to
scan for each NAP on the CAPL Settings: Add screen (Section 6.6.1 on page 80).
Start
Frequency
(KHz)
This indicates the beginning of a frequency band in kilohertz (KHz).
Click this field to modify it.
Enter the beginning frequency when you are adding an entry.
End
Frequency
(KHz)
This indicates the end of the frequency band in kilohertz (KHz).
Click this field to modify it.
Step (KHz) This indicates the frequency step within each band in kilohertz (KHz).
Click this field to modify it.
The minimum step is 250KHz and the maximum step is the difference between
the start frequency and end frequency.
Bandwidth
(MHz) This indicates the bandwidth in megahertz (MHz).
Click this field to modify it.
Delete Click this button to remove an item from the list.
Add Click this button to add an item to the list.
OK Click this button to save any changes made to the list.
Valid Band Info - This table displays the entire frequency band the WiMAX Device supports. The
frequency ranges to scan that you configured in Channel Plan Settings must be within this range.
Band Start
(KHz) This indicates the beginning of the frequency band in kilohertz (KHz).
Band End
(KHz) This indicates the end of the frequency band in kilohertz (KHz).
Save Click this to save the changes made.
Cancel Click this avoid any changes made from being saved to your configuration.
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This screen contains the following fields:
6.6.1 CAPL Settings: Add
This screen allows you to specify the Contractual Agreement Preference List (CAPL) of NAPs, and
the corresponding channel plan to search for the NAP.
Click WiMAX > ND&S > CAPL Settings: Add to open this screen as shown next.
Figure 33 CAPL Settings: Add
This screen contains the following fields:
Table 16 CAPL Settings
LABEL DESCRIPTION
NAP ID This displays the NAP ID.
Priority This displays the priority for the NAP ID.
Channel Plan ID This displays the Channel Plan ID.
Delete Click this button to remove an item from the list.
Add Click this button to add an item to the list.
Save Click this to save the changes made.
Cancel Click this avoid any changes made from being saved to your configuration.
Table 17 CAPL Settings: Add
LABEL DESCRIPTION
NAP ID Specify the NAP ID in the format XX:XX:XX where X is a hexadecimal character.
The NAP ID is typically the first three blocks of the BSID of the base station.
Priority Specify the priority for the NAP ID. Enter 1-250 where 1 is the highest priority.
The WiMAX Device will search for NAPs according to the priority specified.
Priority may be determined by the number of base stations an NAP has, with a
NAP having more base stations being assigned a higher priority. If the same
priority is assigned to a NAP ID, the WiMAX Device will consider them as having
equal priority.
Select Channel Plan ID
Select After clicking a Channel Plan ID entry in the list, you can click this check box to
select it.
Start
Frequency
(KHz)
This indicates the beginning of a frequency band in kilohertz (KHz).
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6.7 RAPL Settings
This screen allows you to specify the Roaming Agreement Preference List (RAPL) of preferred NSPs
for establishing connections to the Home NSP. The RAPL is a list of NSPs that are affiliated with the
Home NSP through roaming agreements. A NSP specified in the RAPL is a V-NSP and can route data
to the Home NSP.
Click WiMAX > ND&S > RAPL Settings to open this screen as shown next.
Figure 34 RAPL Settings
This screen contains the following fields:
End
Frequency
(KHz)
This indicates the end of the frequency band in kilohertz (KHz).
Step (KHz) This indicates the frequency step within each band in kilohertz (KHz).
Bandwidth
(MHz) This indicates the bandwidth in megahertz (MHz).
OK Click this button to save any changes made to the list.
Save Click this to save the changes made.
Cancel Click this avoid any changes made from being saved to your configuration.
Table 17 CAPL Settings: Add (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Table 18 RAPL Settings
LABEL DESCRIPTION
NSP ID Specify the Network Service Provider (NSP) ID in the format XX:XX:XX where X
is a hexadecimal character. If the Home NSP ID is entered in this list, the WiMAX
Device will try to use it to establish a connection.
Priority Specify the priority for the NSP. Enter 1-250 where 1 is the highest priority.
Delete Click this button to remove an item from the list.
Add Click this button to add an item to the list.
OK Click this button to save any changes made to the list.
Save Click this to save the changes made.
Cancel Click this avoid any changes made from being saved to your configuration.
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6.8 Home NSP Settings
On this screen, you can configure settings for the Home NSP. The Home NSP can authenticate and
authorize connections and may support roaming through relationships with other NSPs.
Click WiMAX > ND&S > Home NSP Settings to open this screen as shown next.
Figure 35 Home NSP Settings
This screen contains the following fields:
Table 19 Home NSP Settings
LABEL DESCRIPTION
NDS Option Settings
NDS Mode Select Enable to use NDS to establish connections to the Home NSP.
RAPL Policy Select Strict to only allow V-NSPs specified in the RAPL to be used for
establishing connections to the H-NSP.
Select Partially Flexible to allow the WiMAX Device to use V-NSPs not specified
in the RAPL to connect to the H-NSP. Before attempting V-NSPs not specified in
the RAPL the WiMAX Device will first try the V-NSPs specified in the RAPL to
connect to the H-NSP.
Select Flexible to allow the WiMAX Device to use any V-NSPs for establishing
connections to the H-NSP. V-NSPs specified in the RAPL will have the same
priority as V-NSPs not specified in the RAPL.
CAPL Policy Select Strict to only allow NAPs specified in the CAPL to be used for establishing
connections to the H-NSP.
Select Partially Flexible to allow the WiMAX Device to use NAPs not specified in
the CAPL to connect to the H-NSP. Before attempting NAPs not specified in the
CAPL the WiMAX Device will first try the NAPs specified in the CAPL to connect to
the H-NSP.
Select Flexible to allow the WiMAX Device to use any NAPs for establishing
connections to the H-NSP. NAPs specified in the CAPL will have the same priority
as NAPs not specified in the CAPL.
Home NSP Settings
NSP ID After clicking the entry in the NSP ID list, you can enter the NSP ID for the Home
NSP here in the format XX:XX:XX where X is a hexadecimal character. Only one
Home NSP can be entered.
OK Click this button to save any changes made to the list.
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6.9 Connect
This screen allows you to view the available WiMAX frequency band(s) and base station(s) the
WiMAX Device found through scanning and choose a base station to which to connect.
Click WiMAX > Connect to open this screen as shown next.
Figure 36 Connect Screen
Save Click this button to save any changes made to the list.
Note: If you change the NDS Mode, the WiMAX Device will reboot when you click
save.
Cancel Click this avoid any changes made from being saved to your configuration.
Table 19 Home NSP Settings (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
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This screen contains the following fields:
Table 20 Connect
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Applied Frequency Information
This table shows the scanning result you made in the WiMAX > Profile > Frequency Settings and
WiMAX > Wide Scan screens.
Note: You cannot see the wide scanning result that you made in WiMAX > Wide Scan screen if the
Join Wide Scan Result is set to No in the WiMAX > Profile > Frequency Settings screen.
Applied Frequency Information
Frequency
(KHz) This field displays the available center frequency of a frequency band in kilohertz
(KHz).
Bandwidth
(MHz) This field displays the bandwidth of the frequency band in megahertz (MHz).
Available Network List
Connected
Mode Select a connect mode:
•Auto Connect Mode - This allows the WiMAX Device to connect to any of
the base stations on the list automatically.
•Network Search Mode - This allows the WiMAX Device to connect to a
user-specified base station. Select this option, choose a base station, click
Connect.
•NSP Mode - This allows the WiMAX Device to connect to a base station with
a user-specified NSP ID. To specify the NSP ID, select a result in the list and
click Connect. The WiMAX Device will automatically connect to a base
station with the same NSP ID, and the best CINR or RSSI.
•NSP/NAP Mode - This allows the WiMAX Device to connect to a base station
with a user-specified NSP ID and NAP ID. To specify the NSP ID and NAP ID,
select a result in the list and click Connect. The WiMAX Device will
automatically connect to a base station with the same NSP ID and NAP ID,
and the best CINR or RSSI.
•NSP/NAP/BSID Mode - This allows the WiMAX Device to connect to a base
station with a user-specified NSP ID, NAP ID and BSID. To specify the NSP
ID, NAP ID and BSID, select a result in the list and click Connect. The
WiMAX Device will automatically connect to a base station with the same NSP
ID, NAP ID and BSID, and the best CINR or RSSI.
Connect Click this to connect to the selected base station.
Disconnect Click this to disconnect from the selected base station.
BSID This field displays the base station MAC address.
NSP This field displays the NSP ID.
NAP This field displays the NAP ID.
Network Type This field displays the network type.
Preamble ID This field displays the preamble ID.
The preamble ID is the index identifier in the header of the base station’s
broadcast messages. In the beginning of a mobile stations’s network entry
process, it searches for the preamble and uses it to additional channel
information.
The preamble ID is used to synchronize the upstream and downstream
transmission timing with the base station.
Frequency
(MHz) This field displays the center frequency the base station uses in kilohertz (KHz).
Bandwidth
(MHz) This field displays the frequency band bandwidth the base station uses in
megahertz (MHz).
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6.10 Wide Scan
This screen allows you to discover base stations by entering one or more frequency ranges and
bandwidth on which to scan.
RSSI (dBm) This field displays the Received Signal Strength Indication (RSSI), which is an
overall measurement of radio signal strength. A higher RSSI level indicates a
stronger signal.
CINR (dB) R3/
R1 This field displays the average Carrier to Interference plus Noise Ratio for the
current connection. This value is an indication of overall radio signal quality,
where a higher value means a better quality signal.
Search Click this to have the WiMAX Device scan for base stations in the frequency
band(s) listed in the Applied Frequency Information table.
Connected BS Info
Device Status This field displays the WiMAX Device current status for connecting to the
selected base station.
•Scanning - The WiMAX Device is scanning for available base stations.
•Ready - The WiMAX Device has finished scanning and you can connect to a
base station.
•Connecting - The WiMAX Device attempts to connect to the selected base
station.
•Connected - The WiMAX Device has successfully connected to the selected
base station.
UMAC State This field displays the status of the WiMAX connection between the WiMAX
Device and the base station.
•Network Search - The WiMAX Device is scanning for any available WiMAX
connections.
•Disconnected - No WiMAX connection is available.
•Network Entry - A WiMAX connection is initializing.
•Normal - The WiMAX connection has been successfully established.
BSID This field displays the MAC address of the base station to which the WiMAX
Device is connected.
Frequency
(MHz) This field displays the frequency the base station uses in megahertz (MHz).
RSSI (dBm) This field displays the Received Signal Strength Indication (RSSI), which is an
overall measurement of radio signal strength. A higher RSSI level indicates a
stronger signal.
CINR (dB) This field displays the average Carrier to Interference plus Noise Ratio for the
current connection. This value is an indication of overall radio signal quality,
where a higher value means a better quality signal.
Connected NSP Info
NSP ID This field displays the NSP ID of the connected NSP.
Name This field displays the name of the connected NSP.
Network Type This field displays the network type of the connected NSP.
Table 20 Connect (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
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Click WiMAX > Wide Scan to open this screen as shown next.
Figure 37 Wide Scan Screen
This screen contains the following fields:
Table 21 Wide Scan
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Wide Scan Settings
Auto Wide
Scan Use this to enable (Yes) or disable (No) automatically scanning for base
stations.
Wide Scan Range
Start
Frequency
(KHz)
Enter the start frequency in kilohertz (KHz) for a wide scan range.
End
Frequency
(KHz)
Enter the end frequency in kilohertz (KHz) for a wide scan range.
Step (KHz) Enter the step increment in kilohertz (KHz) that the wide scan jumps each time it
scans between the start and end frequencies.
Bandwidth
(MHz) Enter the frequency bandwidth to be scanned.
Delete Click this to remove a range of frequencies from the wide scan range list.
Add Click this to add a range of frequencies to the wide scan range list.
OK Click this so save any changes to the wide scan range list.
Wide Scan Result
This table displays the available frequency band(s) found through the wide scan.
Frequency
(KHz) This field displays the frequency in kilohertz (KHz).
Bandwidth
(MHz) This field displays the bandwidth in megahertz (MHz).
Search Click this to initiate a wide scan.
Clear Click this to clear the wide scan results.
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6.11 Link Status
This screen provides a general overview of the current WiMAX connection with the service provider.
Click WiMAX > Link Status to open this screen as shown next.
Figure 38 Link Status Screen
This screen contains the following fields:
Table 22 Link Status
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Profile This field displays the profile name.
BSID This field displays the MAC address of the base station to which the WiMAX
Device is currently connected.
RSSI This field displays the Received Signal Strength Indication (RSSI), which is an
overall measurement of radio signal strength. A higher RSSI level indicates a
stronger signal.
CINR R3 This field displays the average Carrier to Interference plus Noise Ratio (R3) for
the current connection. This value is an indication of overall radio signal quality,
where a higher value means a better quality signal.
CINR R1 This field displays the average Carrier to Interference plus Noise Ratio (R1) for
the current connection. This value is an indication of overall radio signal quality,
where a higher value means a better quality signal.
CINR Std Dev This field displays the average Carrier to Interference plus Noise Ratio (Std Dev)
for the current connection. This value is an indication of overall radio signal
quality, where a higher value means a better quality signal.
Frequency This field displays the frequency in kilohertz (KHz).
TX Power This field displays the transmission power of the WiMAX Device in dBm.
UL MCS This field displays the Uplink Modulation and Coding Sequence (UL MCS).
DL MCS This field displays the Downlink Modulation and Coding Sequence (DL MCS).
RF Temperature This field displays the temperature in centigrade of the WiMAX Device’s RF
circuit.
Link Uptime This field displays the length of time the current connection has been up.
Handover Success This field displays how many times the WiMAX Device had ever successfully
switched its connection from one base station to another base station, since the
WiMAX Device last restarted.
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6.12 Link Statistics
This screen provides a detailed overview of the current WiMAX connection with the service provider.
Click WiMAX > Link Statistics to open this screen as shown next.
Figure 39 Link Statistics Screen
Handover Fail This field displays how many times the WiMAX Device had been failed to switch
its connection from one base station to another base station, since the WiMAX
Device last restarted.
Handover
Maximum Latency This field displays the maximum latency for switching connections from one base
station to another base station, since the WiMAX Device last restarted.
Handover
Minimum Latency This field displays the minimum latency for switching connections from one base
station to another base station, since the WiMAX Device last restarted.
Handover
Average Latency This field displays the average latency for switching connections from one base
station to another base station, since the WiMAX Device last restarted.
Table 22 Link Status (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
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This screen contains the following sections:
6.13 Connection Info
This screen displays all of the connections made through the WiMAX device since its last reboot.
Click WiMAX > Connection Info to open this screen as shown next.
Figure 40 Connection Info Screen
This screen contains the following fields:
6.14 Service Flow
This screen displays data priority information for all of the connections made through the WiMAX
device since its last reboot.
Click WiMAX > Service Flow to open this screen as shown next.
Figure 41 Service Flow Screen
Table 23 Link Statistics
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Link This section provides a detailed overview of link statistics.
HARQ This section provides a detailed overview of Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request
link statistics.
TX/RX This section provides a detailed overview of transmission and receiving link
statistics.
MCS This section provides a detailed overview of Modulation and Coding Sequence
(MCS) link statistics
Table 24 Connection Info
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Active Connection
CID This displays the unique, unidirectional 16-bit Connection Identifier (CID) for an
active connection.
Connection Type This displays the type of connection.
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This screen contains the following fields:
Table 25 Service Flow
LABEL DESCRIPTION
SFID This displays a 32-bit service flow identifier.
SF Status This display the service flow status.
SF Direction This displays the service flow direction.
WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide 91
CHAPTER 7
Network Setting
7.1 Overview
This chapter shows you how to configure the WiMAX Device’s network setting.
7.1.1 What You Need to Know
The following terms and concepts may help as you read through this chapter.
IP Address
IP addresses identify individual devices on a network. Every networking device (including
computers, servers, routers, printers, etc.) needs an IP address to communicate across the
network. These networking devices are also known as hosts.
Subnet Masks
Subnet masks determine the maximum number of possible hosts on a network. You can also use
subnet masks to divide one network into multiple sub-networks.
DHCP
A DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) server can assign your WiMAX Device an IP address,
subnet mask, DNS and other routing information when it’s turned on.
DNS Server Address
DNS (Domain Name System) is for mapping a domain name to its corresponding IP address and
vice versa. The DNS server is extremely important because without it, you must know the IP
address of a machine before you can access it. The DNS server addresses that you enter in the
DHCP setup are passed to the client machines along with the assigned IP address and subnet mask.
There are two ways that an ISP disseminates the DNS server addresses. The first is for an ISP to
tell a customer the DNS server addresses, usually in the form of an information sheet, when s/he
signs up. If your ISP gives you the DNS server addresses, enter them in the DNS Server fields;
otherwise, leave them blank.
Some ISPs choose to pass the DNS servers using the DNS server extensions of PPP IPCP (IP Control
Protocol) after the connection is up. If your ISP did not give you explicit DNS servers, chances are
the DNS servers are conveyed through IPCP negotiation. The WiMAX Device supports the IPCP DNS
server extensions through the DNS proxy feature.
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If the Primary and Secondary DNS Server fields are not specified, for instance, left as 0.0.0.0,
the WiMAX Device tells the DHCP clients that it itself is the DNS server. When a computer sends a
DNS query to the WiMAX Device, the WiMAX Device forwards the query to the real DNS server
learned through IPCP and relays the response back to the computer.
Please note that DNS proxy works only when the ISP uses the IPCP DNS server extensions. It does
not mean you can leave the DNS servers out of the DHCP setup under all circumstances. If your ISP
gives you explicit DNS servers, make sure that you enter their IP addresses. This way, the WiMAX
Device can pass the DNS servers to the computers and the computers can query the DNS server
directly without the WiMAX Device’s intervention.
RIP Setup
RIP (Routing Information Protocol) allows a router to exchange routing information with other
routers. The RIP Direction field controls the sending and receiving of RIP packets. When set to:
•RX/TX - the WiMAX Device will broadcast its routing table periodically and incorporate the RIP
information that it receives.
•RX Only - the WiMAX Device will not send any RIP packets but will accept all RIP packets
received.
•TX Only - the WiMAX Device will send out RIP packets but will not accept any RIP packets
received.
•None - the WiMAX Device will not send any RIP packets and will ignore any RIP packets received.
The Version field controls the format and the broadcasting method of the RIP packets that the
WiMAX Device sends (it recognizes both formats when receiving). RIP-1 is universally supported;
but RIP-2 carries more information. RIP-1 is probably adequate for most networks, unless you have
an unusual network topology.
Both RIP-2B and RIP-2M sends the routing data in RIP-2 format; the difference being that RIP-2B
uses subnet broadcasting while RIP-2M uses multicasting.
Port Forwarding
A NAT server set is a list of inside (behind NAT on the LAN) servers, for example, web or FTP, that
you can make accessible to the outside world even though NAT makes your whole inside network
appear as a single machine to the outside world.
With port forwarding, you can forward incoming service requests to the server(s) on your local
network. You may enter a single port number or a range of port numbers to be forwarded, and the
local IP address of the desired server. The port number identifies a service; for example, web
service is on port 80 and FTP on port 21. In some cases, such as for unknown services or where one
server can support more than one service (for example both FTP and web service), it might be
better to specify a range of port numbers.
In addition to the servers for specified services, NAT supports a default server. A service request
that does not have a server explicitly designated for it is forwarded to the default server. If the
default is not defined, the service request is simply discarded.
For example, let's say you want to assign ports 21-25 to one FTP, Telnet and SMTP server (A in the
example), port 80 to another (B in the example) and assign a default server IP address of
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192.168.1.35 to a third (C in the example). You assign the LAN IP addresses and the ISP assigns
the WAN IP address. The NAT network appears as a single host on the Internet.
Figure 42 Multiple Servers Behind NAT Example
Trigger Ports
Some services use a dedicated range of ports on the client side and a dedicated range of ports on
the server side. With regular port forwarding you set a forwarding port in NAT to forward a service
(coming in from the server on the WAN) to the IP address of a computer on the client side (LAN).
The problem is that port forwarding only forwards a service to a single LAN IP address. In order to
use the same service on a different LAN computer, you have to manually replace the LAN
computer's IP address in the forwarding port with another LAN computer's IP address,
Trigger port forwarding solves this problem by allowing computers on the LAN to dynamically take
turns using the service. The WiMAX Device records the IP address of a LAN computer that sends
traffic to the WAN to request a service with a specific port number and protocol (a "trigger" port).
When the WiMAX Device's WAN port receives a response with a specific port number and protocol
("incoming" port), the WiMAX Device forwards the traffic to the LAN IP address of the computer
that sent the request. After that computer’s connection for that service closes, another computer on
the LAN can use the service in the same manner. This way you do not need to configure a new IP
address each time you want a different LAN computer to use the application.
ALG
Some applications, such as SIP, cannot operate through NAT (are NAT un-friendly) because they
embed IP addresses and port numbers in their packets’ data payload. Some NAT routers may
include a SIP Application Layer Gateway (ALG). An Application Layer Gateway (ALG) manages a
specific protocol (such as SIP, H.323 or FTP) at the application layer.
A SIP ALG allows SIP calls to pass through NAT by examining and translating IP addresses
embedded in the data stream.
UPnP
Universal Plug and Play (UPnP) is a distributed, open networking standard that uses TCP/IP for
simple peer-to-peer network connectivity between devices. A UPnP device can dynamically join a
network, obtain an IP address, convey its capabilities and learn about other devices on the network.
In turn, a device can leave a network smoothly and automatically when it is no longer in use.
How do I know if I'm using UPnP?
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UPnP hardware is identified as an icon in the Network Connections folder (Windows XP). Each UPnP
compatible device installed on your network will appear as a separate icon. Selecting the icon of a
UPnP device will allow you to access the information and properties of that device.
NAT Traversal
UPnP NAT traversal automates the process of allowing an application to operate through NAT. UPnP
network devices can automatically configure network addressing, announce their presence in the
network to other UPnP devices and enable exchange of simple product and service descriptions.
NAT traversal allows the following:
• Dynamic port mapping
• Learning public IP addresses
• Assigning lease times to mappings
Windows Messenger is an example of an application that supports NAT traversal and UPnP.
Cautions with UPnP
The automated nature of NAT traversal applications in establishing their own services and opening
firewall ports may present network security issues. Network information and configuration may also
be obtained and modified by users in some network environments.
All UPnP-enabled devices may communicate freely with each other without additional configuration.
Disable UPnP if this is not your intention.
UPnP and ZyXEL
ZyXEL has received UPnP certification from the official UPnP Forum (http://www.upnp.org). ZyXEL's
UPnP implementation supports IGD 1.0 (Internet Gateway Device).
The WiMAX Device only sends UPnP multicasts to the LAN.
Content Filter
Internet content filtering allows you to create and enforce Internet access policies tailored to their
needs. Content filtering is the ability to block certain specific URL keywords.
7.2 WAN
Use these settings to configure the WAN connection between the WiMAX Device and the service
provider.
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Click Network Setting > WAN to open this screen as shown next.
Figure 43 WAN Screen
This screen contains the following fields:
Table 26 WAN
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Operation Mode Select the WiMAX Device’s operational mode.
•Bridge - This puts the WiMAX Device in bridge mode, acting as a transparent
middle man between devices on the LAN and the devices on the WAN.
•Router - Select Router from the drop-down list box if your ISP gives you one
IP address only and you want multiple computers to share an Internet
account.
•NAT - This allows the WiMAX Device to tag frames for NAT, allowing devices
on the LAN to use their own internal IP addresses while communicating with
devices on the WAN.
WAN Protocol Select the protocol the WiMAX Device uses to connect to the WAN.
The options are:
•Ethernet - Select this if you have a persistent connection to the network.
•PPPoE - Select this if must log into the network before initiating a persistent
connection.
•GRE Tunnel - Select this if you connect to the network using Point-to-Point
Protocol to create VPNs.
•EtherIP Tunnel - Select this if you need to tunnel Ethernet and IEEE 802.3
MAC frames across an IP Internet.
Bridging LAN ARP This option enables or disables allow ARP requests to cross the WiMAX Device.
Get IP Method Select how the WiMAX Device receives its IP address.
•User - Select this to manually enter the IP address the WiMAX Device uses.
•From ISP - Select to automatically get the IP address the WiMAX Device
uses from the ISP.
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7.3 PPPoE
Use these settings to configure the PPPoE connection between the WiMAX Device and the service
provider.
Click Network Setting > WAN > PPPoE.
Figure 44 PPPoE Screen
WAN IP Request
Timeout Enter the number of seconds the WiMAX Device waits for an IP from the ISP
before it times out.
WAN IP Address If the WiMAX Device gets its IP from the user, enter the IP address it is to use.
WAN IP Subnet
Mask If the WiMAX Device gets its IP from the ISP, enter the IP address it is to use.
Gateway IP
Address If the WiMAX Device gets its gateway IP address from the user, enter the IP
address it is to use.
MTU Enter the Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) for the WiMAX Device. This is the
largest protocol unit that the WiMAX Device allows to pass through it.
Clone MAC
Address Enter a MAC address here for registering bridged devices on the network if their
current MAC addresses are causing problems. For example, this can happen
when a desktop computer swaps network interface cards; the original NIC may
have used its MAC address to register itself on the network and now the new NIC
is unrecognized. Using a MAC address that you know is valid, i.e. a “clone”,
allows that device to stay registered.
WAN DNS
First~Third DNS
Server Select how the WiMAX Device acquires its DNS server address.
•From ISP - Select this to have the WiMAX Device acquire its DNS server
address from the ISP.
•User Define - Select this to manually enter the DNS server used by the
WiMAX Device.
Table 26 WAN (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
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This screen contains the following fields:
7.4 GRE
Use these settings to configure the peer setting of the Generic Routing Encapsulation (GRE) tunnel
between the WiMAX Device and another GRE peer.
Click Network Setting > WAN > GRE to open this screen as shown next.
Figure 45 GRE Screen
Table 27 PPPoE
LABEL DESCRIPTION
User Name Enter the username for PPPoE login into the WAN network.
Password Enter the password for PPPoE login into the WAN network.
Retype Password Retype the password to confirm it.
Auth Protocol Select a PPPoE authentication protocol. The WiMAX Device supports the
following:
•PAP - Password Authentication Protocol uses unencrypted plaintext to send a
passwords for authentication over the network. It’s probably not a good idea
to rely on this for security.
•CHAP - The Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol (CHAP) uses PPP
to authenticate remote devices using a three-way handshake and shared
secret verification.
•MS-CHAP v1/2 -This is Microsoft’s variant of Challenge Handshake
Authentication Protocol (CHAP). It allows for mutual authentication between
devices.
MPPE Encryption Use this option to enable or disable authentication through Microsoft Point-To-
Point Encryption (MPPE) protocol.
MPPE Stateful Use this option to allow or disallow the WiMAX Device to use the Microsoft Point-
To-Point Encryption (MPPE) protocol for stateful peer negotiation.
Idle Timeout Enter the number of second the WiMAX Device waits during authentication
before timing out.
AC Name Enter the access concentrator name for the PPPoE interface if your ISP uses an
AC PPPoE service.
DNS Overwrite Use this option to allow or disallow the WiMAX Device to overwrite DNS static
DNS entries on client devices.
Connection
Trigger Set whether the WiMAX Device is persistently connected to the WAN
(AlwaysOn) or you must click the PPPoE Connect button each time you want to
get on the WAN (Manual).
Connection
Timeout Enter in seconds the duration the WiMAX Device waits for idle activity before
disconnecting from the WAN.
PPPoE Connect Click this to connect to the WAN using PPPoE.
PPPoE Disconnect Click this to disconnect from the WAN.
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This screen contains the following fields:
7.5 EtherIP
Use these settings to configure the peer setting of the EtherIP tunnel between the WiMAX Device
and another EtherIP peer.
Click Network Setting > WAN > EtherIP to open this screen as shown next.
Figure 46 EtherIP Screen
This screen contains the following fields:
7.6 IP
Use these settings to configure the LAN connection between the WiMAX Device and your local
network.
Click Network Setting > LAN > IP to open this screen as shown next.
Figure 47 IP Screen
This screen contains the following fields:
Table 28 GRE
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Peer IP Address Enter the IP address of the GRE peer.
Table 29 EtherIP
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Peer IP Address Enter the IP address of the EtherIP peer.
Table 30 IP
LABEL DESCRIPTION
IP address Enter the IP address of the LAN interface for the WiMAX Device.
IP Subnet Mask Enter the IP subnet mask of the LAN interface for the WiMAX Device.
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7.7 DHCP
Use these settings to configure whether the WiMAX Device functions as a DHCP server for your local
network, or a DHCP relay between the local network and the service provider. You can also disable
the DHCP functions.
Click Network Setting > LAN > DHCP to open this screen as shown next.
Figure 48 DHCP Screen
This screen contains the following fields:
Table 31 DHCP
LABEL DESCRIPTION
DHCP Server
DHCP Mode Select this if you want the WiMAX Device to be the DHCP server on the LAN. As a
DHCP server, the WiMAX Device assigns IP addresses to DHCP clients on the LAN
and provides the subnet mask and DNS server information.
•None - This disables DHCP mode for the WiMAX Device.
•Server - This sets the WiMAX Device as a DHCP server for the LAN.
•Relay - This sets the WiMAX Device as a DHCP relay for the LAN, allowing it
to pass-through IP addresses assigned to LAN devices from the ISP servers.
Start IP Enter the start IP address from which the WiMAX Device begins allocating IP
addresses.
End IP Enter the end IP address at which the WiMAX Device ceases allocating IP
addresses.
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7.8 WLAN
This screen is available for models with WiFi wireless feature. Use the WLAN screen to configure
the connections between the WiMAX Device and the wireless clients that want to access the
Internet.
Lease Time Enter the duration in minutes that devices on the LAN retain their DHCP-issued
IP addresses. At the end of the lease time, they poll the WiMAX Device for a
renewed or replacement IP.
Relay IP Enter the name of the IP address to be used.
DNS Server Assigned by the DHCP Server
First~Third
DNS Server Select how the WiMAX Device acquires its DNS server address.
•None - Select this to not use a DNS server.
•From ISP - Select this to have the WiMAX Device acquire its DNS server
address from the ISP.
•User Define - Select this to manually enter the DNS server used by the
WiMAX Device.
Static DHCP
MAC Address This field displays the MAC address of the static DHCP client connected to the
WiMAX Device.
IP Address This field displays the IP address of the static DHCP client connected to the
WiMAX Device.
Add Click this to add a new static DHCP entry.
OK Click this to save any changes made to this list.
DHCP Leased Hosts
MAC Address This displays the MAC address of the DHCP leased host.
IP Address This displays the IP address of the DHCP leased host.
Remaining
Time This displays the how much time is left on the host’s lease.
Refresh Click this to refresh the list.
Table 31 DHCP (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
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Click Network Setting > WLAN to open this screen as shown next.
Figure 49 WLAN Screen
This screen contains the following fields:
Table 32 WLAN
LABEL DESCRIPTION
WiFi Settings
Enable WLAN Select this to activate the wireless LAN.
WLAN Mode Select 802.11B/G mixed to allow both IEEE802.11b and IEEE802.11g
compliant WLAN devices to associate with the WiMAX Device.
Select 802.11B only to allow only IEEE 802.11b compliant WLAN devices to
associate with the WiMAX Device.
Select 802.11A only to allow only IEEE 802.11a compliant WLAN devices to
associate with the WiMAX Device.
Select 802.11G only to allow only IEEE 802.11g compliant WLAN devices to
associate with the WiMAX Device.
WLAN Channel Select this option and set the operating frequency/channel depending on your
particular region. Select Auto to have the WiMAX Device scan and find an
available channel.
WLAN Maximum
STA number Enter the maximum number of wireless stations that is allowed to associate
with the WiMAX Device.
WLAN TxPower Select a number between 1 and 24 dB in the drop down box to control the
strength of the connection signal, or leave it as default to let the WiMAX Device
control this feature.
SSID Settings
WLAN SSID This field displays the name of the wireless network and it will appear to other
computers that wish to connect wirelessly to the Internet.
Hide SSID Select this to make the name of the network invisible to others.
Encryption Type Select the type of encryption that the network will use: None, WEP or WPA
Personal.
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7.9 WPS
This screen is available for models with WiFi wireless feature. Use the WPS screen to configure WiFi
Protected Setup (WPS) on your WiMAX Device.
WPS allows you to quickly set up a wireless network with strong security without having to
configure security settings manually. Set up each WPS connection between two devices. Both
devices have to support WPS.
Click Network Setting > WLAN > WPS to open this screen as shown next.
Figure 50 WPS Screen
SSID WEP Settings
Note: You will only see these options if you selected WEP as the Encryption Type.
Authentication
Method Select the type of authentication used to join the network: OPEN SYSTEM or
SHARED KEY.
WEP Encryption
Length Select the length of the encryption key: 64-bit or 128-bit.
Key 1 - 4 Pick one of four available keys. The key can be in either HexaDecimal (HEX) or
ASCII format.
Type the key using any letters and numbers. The field is case sensitive and the
length must match the length picked in the step above (64-bit or 128-bit). A
warning message will appear if you fail to do this.
SSID WPA Settings
Note: You will only see these options if you selected WPA Personal as the Encryption Type.
WPA Mode Select either WPA, WPA2 or Auto (WPA or WPA2).
Cipher Type Select the type of authentication that you wish to use for your network: TKIP,
AES or TKIP and AES. AES is more secure.
Pre-shared Key Type a pre-shared key from 8 to 63 case-sensitive ASCII characters (including
spaces and symbols).
Table 32 WLAN (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
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This screen contains the following fields:
7.10 MAC Address Filter
This screen is available for models with WiFi wireless feature. Use this screen to restrict access to
the WiFi network by device ID (MAC address).
Click on Network Setting > WLAN > MAC Address Filter. The screen appears as shown.
Figure 51 MAC Address Filter Screen
This screen contains the following fields:
Table 33 WPS
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Enable WPS Select Enable and click Apply to activate WPS on the WiMAX Device. Select
Disable and click Apply to deactivate WPS.
Start WPS PBC This field is available after you select Enable in the Enable WPS field and click
Apply.
Click this to activate the Push Button Configuration. After clicking this you will be
able to use the WPS button at the back of the device to add new wireless clients.
Note: You must press the WPS buttons within two minutes of each other.
Table 34 MAC Address Filter
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Enable MAC
Address Filter Select the check box to enable MAC address filtering. Then, the following fields
display.
Mode Define the filter action for the list of MAC addresses in the MAC address table.
Select Allow listed stations to permit access to the WiMAX Device only to
addresses listed. MAC addresses not listed will be denied access to the WiMAX
Device.
Select Deny listed stations to block access to the WiMAX Device to the
computers or devices listed in this list.
# This is the index number of the MAC address.
Active Select this box to make the policy effective or ineffective for a particular device.
Name Type the name of the device. The name can be up to 20 characters long, and any
combination of letters, numbers or symbols.
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7.11 Static Route
Use these settings to create fixed paths through the network.
Click Network Setting > Route > Static Route to open this screen as shown next.
Figure 52 Static Route Screen
This screen contains the following fields:
7.12 Static Route Add
Use these settings to configure a static route.
MAC Address Enter the MAC addresses of the wireless devices that are allowed or
denied access to the WiMAX Device in these address fields. Enter the
MAC addresses in a valid MAC address format, that is, six hexadecimal
character pairs, for example, 12:34:56:78:9a:bc.
Delete Click to delete a specific MAC address from the list.
Add Click to add a MAC address to the list.
OK Click this button when you are done adding a MAC Address.
Table 34 MAC Address Filter (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Table 35 Static Route
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Destination This field displays the destination IP address of the static route.
Subnet Mask This field displays the subnet mask of the static route.
Next Hop This field displays next hop information of the static route.
Metric This field displays the static route metric.
Add Click this to add a new static route to the list.
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Click Add in the Network Setting > Route > Static Route screen to open this screen as shown
next.
Figure 53 Static Route Screen
This screen contains the following fields:
7.13 RIP
Use these settings to configure how the WiMAX Device exchanges information with other routers.
Table 36 Static Route
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Destination IP Enter the destination IP address of the static route.
Subnet Mask Enter the subnet mask of the static route.
Next Hop Select Interface and then select WAN or LAN for the next hop of the static
route.
If the next hop is an IP address rather than an interface on the WiMAX Device,
select IP Address and enter the IP address.
Metric Enter the static route metric.
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Click Network Setting > Route > RIP to open this screen as shown next.
Figure 54 RIP Screen
This screen contains the following fields:
Table 37 RIP
LABEL DESCRIPTION
General Setup
Enable Select this to enable RIP on the WiMAX Device.
Redistribute
Active This indicates whether a route is being redistributed.
Type This indicates what type of route is being redistributed.
Metric This indicates the metric that is being used for redistribution.
Edit Click this to edit a selected route.
OK Click this to save any changes to the redistribution table.
LAN
Direction Set the LAN network direction to use with RIP.
Version Set the RIP version to use.
Authentication Use this option to enable or disable RIP authentication.
Authentication ID Enter the authentication ID to use for RIP authentication.
Authentication
Key Enter the authentication key to use for RIP authentication.
WAN
Direction Set the WAN network direction to use with RIP.
Version Set the RIP version to use.
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7.14 Port Forwarding
Use these settings to forward incoming service requests to the ports on your local network.
Note: Make sure you did not configure a DMZ host in the Network Setting > NAT >
DMZ screen if you want to make the settings of this screen work.
Click Network Setting > NAT > Port Forwarding to open this screen as shown next.
Figure 55 Port Forwarding Screen
This screen contains the following fields:
Authentication Use this option to enable or disable RIP authentication.
Authentication ID Enter the authentication ID to use for RIP authentication.
Authentication
Key Enter the authentication key to use for RIP authentication.
Table 37 RIP (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Table 38 Port Forwarding
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Active This indicates whether the port forwarding rule is active or not.
Name The displays the name of the port forwarding rule.
Protocol This displays the protocol to which the port forwarding rule applies.
Incoming Port(s)
Start Port This displays the starting port number for incoming traffic for the port forwarding
rule.
End Port This displays the ending port number for incoming traffic for the port forwarding
rule.
Forward Port(s)
Start Port This field displays the beginning of the range of port numbers forwarded by this
rule.
End Port This field displays the end of the range of port numbers forwarded by this rule. If
it is the same as the Start Port, only one port number is forwarded.
Server IP This displays the IP address of the server to which packet for the selected port(s)
are forwarded.
Delete Click this to delete a specified rule.
Wizard Click this to open the port forwarding “wizard”.
Add Click this to add a new port forwarding rule.
OK Click this to save any changes made to the port forwarding list.
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7.14.1 Port Forwarding Wizard
Use this wizard to set up a port forwarding rule for incoming service requests to the ports on your
local network.
Click Network Setting > NAT > Port Forwarding > Wizard to open this screen as shown next.
Figure 56 Port Forwarding Wizard Screen
This screen contains the following fields:
7.15 Port Trigger
Use these settings to automate port forwarding and allow computers on local network to provide
services that would normally require a fixed address on the local network.
Table 39 Port Forwarding Wizard
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Active Select this to make this port forwarding rule active.
Port Forward Rule Select the type of port forwarding rule.
Rule Name Enter a name for the port forwarding rule.
Protocol Select the port forwarding protocol.
Incoming Start
Port Enter the starting port number for incoming traffic for the port forwarding rule.
Incoming End
Port Enter the ending port number for incoming traffic for the port forwarding rule.
Forwarding Start
Port Enter the starting port number for forwarded traffic for the port forwarding rule.
Forwarding End
Port Enter the ending port number for forwarded traffic for the port forwarding rule.
Server IP Enter the port forwarding server IP address.
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Click Network Setting > NAT > Port Trigger to open this screen as shown next.
Figure 57 Port Trigger Screen
This screen contains the following fields:
Table 40 Port Trigger
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Active This indicates whether the port trigger rule is active or not.
Name The displays the name of the port trigger rule.
Trigger Protocol This displays the protocol to which the port trigger rule applies.
Trigger Port(s)
Start / End
Port This displays the start / end trigger port for the port trigger rule.
Click Add to create a new, empty rule, then enter the incoming port number or
range of port numbers you want to forward to the IP address the WiMAX Device
records.
To forward one port number, enter the port number in the Start Port and End
Port fields.
To forward a range of ports,
• enter the port number at the beginning of the range in the Start Port field
• enter the port number at the end of the range in the End Port field.
If you want to delete this rule, click the Delete icon.
Open Protocol This indicates which protocol is used to open the port trigger ports.
Open Port(s)
Start / End
Port This displays the start / end open port for the port trigger rule.
Click Add to create a new, empty rule, then enter the outgoing port number or
range of port numbers that makes the WiMAX Device record the source IP
address and assign it to the selected incoming port number(s).
To select one port number, enter the port number in the Start Port and End
Port fields.
To select a range of ports,
• enter the port number at the beginning of the range in the Start Port field
• enter the port number at the end of the range in the End Port field.
If you want to delete this rule, click the Delete icon.
Delete Click this to delete a specified rule.
Wizard Click this to open the port trigger “wizard”.
Add Click this to add a new port trigger rule.
OK Click this to save any changes made to the port trigger list.
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7.15.1 Port Trigger Wizard
Use the wizard to create a port trigger rules that will allow the WiMAX Device to automate port
forwarding and allow computers on local network to provide services that would normally require a
fixed address on the local network.
Click Network Setting > NAT > Port Trigger > Wizard
Figure 58 Port Trigger Wizard Screen
This screen contains the following fields:
Table 41 Port Trigger Wizard
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Active Select this to make this port trigger rule active.
Port Trigger Rule Select the type of port trigger rule.
Rule Name Enter a name for the port trigger rule.
Trigger Protocol Select the type of port trigger protocol.
Trigger Start Port Enter the port trigger start port.
Trigger End Port Enter the port trigger end port.
Open Protocol Select the type of open protocol for the port trigger rule.
Open Start Port Select the starting open port for the port trigger rule.
Open End Port Select the ending open port number for the port trigger rule.
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7.15.2 Trigger Port Forwarding Example
The following is an example of trigger port forwarding. In this example, J is Jane’s computer and S
is the Real Audio server.
Figure 59 Trigger Port Forwarding Example
1Jane requests a file from the Real Audio server (port 7070).
2Port 7070 is a “trigger” port and causes the WiMAX Device to record Jane’s computer IP address.
The WiMAX Device associates Jane's computer IP address with the "incoming" port range of 6970-
7170.
3The Real Audio server responds using a port number ranging between 6970-7170.
4The WiMAX Device forwards the traffic to Jane’s computer IP address.
5Only Jane can connect to the Real Audio server until the connection is closed or times out. The
WiMAX Device times out in three minutes with UDP (User Datagram Protocol), or two hours with
TCP/IP (Transfer Control Protocol/Internet Protocol).
Two points to remember about trigger ports:
1Trigger events only happen on data that is coming from inside the WiMAX Device and going to the
outside.
2If an application needs a continuous data stream, that port (range) will be tied up so that another
computer on the LAN can’t trigger it.
7.16 DMZ
Use this page to set the IP address of your network DMZ (if you have one) for the WiMAX Device.
All incoming packets received by this WiMAX Device’s WAN interface will be forwarded to the DMZ
host you set.
Click Network Setting > NAT > DMZ to open this screen as shown next.
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Note: The configuration you set in this screen takes priority than the Network Setting >
NAT > Port Forwarding screen.
Figure 60 DMZ Screen
This screen contains the following fields:
7.17 ALG
Use these settings to bypass NAT on your WiMAX Device for those applications that are "NAT
unfriendly".
Click Network Setting > NAT > ALG to open this screen as shown next.
Figure 61 ALG Screen
This screen contains the following fields:
Table 42 DMZ
LABEL DESCRIPTION
DMZ Enable Click this check box to enable DMZ.
DMZ Host Enter the IP address of your network DMZ host, if you have one. 0.0.0.0 means
this feature is disabled.
Table 43 ALG
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Enable FTP ALG Turns on the FTP ALG to detect FTP (File Transfer Program) traffic and helps build
FTP sessions through the WiMAX Device’s NAT.
Enable H.323 ALG Turns on the H.323 ALG to detect H.323 traffic (used for audio communications)
and helps build H.323 sessions through the WiMAX Device’s NAT.
Enable IPsec ALG Turns on the IPsec ALG to detect IPsec traffic and helps build IPsec sessions
through the WiMAX Device’s NAT.
Enable L2TP ALG Turns on the L2TP ALG to detect L2TP traffic and helps build L2TP sessions
through the WiMAX Device’s NAT.
Enable PPTP ALG Turns on the PPTP ALG to detect PPTP traffic and helps build PPTP sessions
through the WiMAX Device’s NAT.
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7.18 QoS
Use this page to configure QoS settings on the WiMAX Device.
Click Network Setting > QoS to open this screen as shown next.
Figure 62 QoS Screen
This screen contains the following fields:
7.19 UPnP
Use this page to enable the UPnP networking protocol on your WiMAX Device and allow easy
network connectivity with other UPnP-compatible devices.
Enable RTSP ALG Turns on the RTSP ALG to detect RTSP traffic and helps build RTSP sessions
through the WiMAX Device’s NAT.
Enable SIP ALG Turns on the SIP ALG to detect SIP traffic and helps build SIP sessions through
the WiMAX Device’s NAT.
SIP Port If you are using a custom UDP port number (not 5060) for SIP traffic, enter it
here.
Enable SIP ALG
Set BSID Check this box to add the base station ID to the outgoing SIP messages. Select
this option only if the media server forwarding calls requires this information.
Table 43 ALG (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Table 44 QoS
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Interface This displays the interface for the QoS rule. The IAD interface is for device
management. Configure DiffServ Code Point (DSCP) and/or Priority marking
based on which method is supported within your network. With DSCP you can
use 64 (0-63) different markings, compared to 6 (1-6) with Priority marking.
DSCP Specify a DiffServ Code Point (DSCP) classification identification number (-1-63)
to mark traffic that passes through this interface. Setting the DSCP to -1
indicates marking is not enabled. A higher number indicates higher priority. The
DSCP allows marked packets to receive specific per-hop treatment at DiffServ-
compliant network devices along the route based on the application types and
traffic flow.
Priority Select a priority level (1 to 6) to assign a priority to traffic that passes through
this interface. A higher number indicates higher priority. Like DSCP, this marking
is used to identify traffic for specific treatment.
OK Click this to save any changes made to the QoS rules.
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Click Network Setting > UPnP to open this screen as shown next.
Figure 63 UPnP Screen
This screen contains the following fields:
7.19.1 Installing UPnP in Windows XP
Follow the steps below to install the UPnP in Windows XP.
1Click Start > Control Panel.
2Double-click Network Connections.
3In the Network Connections window, click Advanced in the main menu and select Optional
Networking Components ….
Table 45 UPnP
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Enable UPnP Select this to enable UPnP on the WiMAX Device.
Enable NAT-PMP Select this to enable NAT Port Mapping Protocol on the WiMAX Device.
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4The Windows Optional Networking Components Wizard window displays. Select Networking
Service in the Components selection box and click Details.
5In the Networking Services window, select the Universal Plug and Play check box.
6Click OK to go back to the Windows Optional Networking Component Wizard window and
click Next.
7.19.1.1 Auto-discover Your UPnP-enabled Network Device in Windows XP
This section shows you how to use the UPnP feature in Windows XP. You must already have UPnP
installed in Windows XP and UPnP activated on the WiMAX Device.
Make sure the computer is connected to a LAN port of the WiMAX Device. Turn on your computer
and the WiMAX Device.
1Click Start and Control Panel. Double-click Network Connections. An icon displays under
Internet Gateway.
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2Right-click the icon and select Properties.
3In the Internet Connection Properties window, click Settings to see the port mappings there
were automatically created.
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4You may edit or delete the port mappings or click Add to manually add port mappings.
5When the UPnP-enabled device is disconnected from your computer, all port mappings will be
deleted automatically.
6Select Show icon in notification area when connected option and click OK. An icon displays in
the system tray.
7Double-click on the icon to display your current Internet connection status.
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7.19.2 Web Configurator Easy Access
With UPnP, you can access the web-based configurator on the WiMAX Device without finding out the
IP address of the WiMAX Device first. This becomes helpful if you do not know the IP address of the
WiMAX Device.
Follow the steps below to access the web configurator:
1Click Start and then Control Panel.
2Double-click Network Connections.
3Select My Network Places under Other Places.
4An icon with the description for each UPnP-enabled device displays under Local Network.
5Right-click on the icon for your WiMAX Device and select Invoke. The web configurator login screen
displays.
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6Right-click on the icon for your WiMAX Device and select Properties. A properties window displays
with basic information about the WiMAX Device.
7.20 VLAN
Use this screen to configure port-based VLAN settings on the WiMAX Device. This screen allows you
to assign port(s) to specific virtual LAN(s) in order to isolate traffic from different VLAN groups. See
Section 4.12 on page 50 for example configurations for VLANs.
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Click Network Setting > VLAN to open the screen as shown next.
Figure 64 VLAN Screen
This screen contains the following fields:
Table 46 VLAN
LABEL DESCRIPTION
VLAN Utility
Enable VLAN Select Yes to enable the VLAN function on the WiMAX Device.
Note: To use VLAN on the WiMAX Device, you must switch the operation mode to
“bridge” on the Network Setting > WAN screen. It will then require system
restart to take effect.
Port Settings
# This is the index number of the port setting.
Interface This displays the interface that the port setting applies to.
Link Type Select Access if this port forwards traffic for only one VLAN. The device
connected to an access port does not support VLAN tagged packets, so the
WiMAX Device will remove packets forwarded out of this port. Packets received
on access ports will be tagged with the specified PVID.
Select Trunk to allow packets belonging to different VLAN groups to pass
through the port. The device connected to this port should support VLAN tagged
packets. You must configure Filter Settings for the port and VLAN ID for tagged
packets to be forwarded. If received packets are already tagged, the PVID set for
this port should not be the same as the VLAN IDs configured in Filter Settings.
This will allow the tagged packets to be forwarded to the specified VLANs. If
received packets are not tagged, the WiMAX Device will tag them with the PVID.
Select Hybrid to allow the port to function as an access port and trunk port.
PVID A PVID (Port VLAN ID) is a tag that adds to incoming untagged packets received
on a port so that the packets are forwarded to the VLAN group that the tag
defines. Enter a number between 1and 4094 as the port VLAN ID.
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7.21 DDNS
Use this page to configure the WiMAX Device as a dynamic DNS client.
Priority Enter a priority level (1~7) that the WiMAX Device assigns to packets belonging
to this VLAN. Enter “0” for no priority assigned.
CFI Select Yes if the CFI (Canonical Format Indicator) field in a received packet is
set to 1, indicating non-Canonical Format. In this case, the packet should not be
forwarded as it is to an untagged port.
Tag/Untag You can only select Tag if the port is configured as a Trunk or Hybrid port. The
WiMAX Device will receive and forward VLAN tagged packets. Untagged packets
will be tagged with the PVID.
If you select Untag the WiMAX Device will remove tags from tagged packets it
forwards out of the port. Untagged packets received will be forwarded. If the
port is an Access port, the WiMAX Device will add tags to untagged packets it
receives and drop tagged packets it receives. If the port is a Trunk port, the
WiMAX Device will add tags to untagged packets it receives and retag tagged
packets.
OK Click this to save the changes in the Port Setting section.
Filter Setting
# This is the index number of a filter.
Name This is the name of a filter rule.
VID This field displays the VLAN ID for the filter. Click this field to change the VLAN
ID.
Retag Priority Select Yes to retag the priority of a packet received on a Trunk or Hybrid port.
Priority
Number If Retag Priority is enabled, specify the new priority level (1~7) to tag. Enter “0”
for no priority assigned.
Ports This field displays the ports included in the filter. Click this field to select which
ports to include.
Delete Click this button to remove an item from the list.
Add Click this button to add an item to the list.
OK Click this button to save any changes made to the list.
Save Click this to save the changes made.
Cancel Click this avoid any changes made from being saved to your configuration.
Table 46 VLAN (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
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Click Network Setting > DDNS
Figure 65 DDNS Screen
This screen contains the following fields:
Table 47 DDNS
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Enable Dynamic
DNS Select this to enable dynamic DNS on the WiMAX Device.
Service Provider Select the dynamic DNS service provider for the WiMAX Device.
Service Type Select the dynamic DNS service type.
Domain Name Enter the domain name.
Login Name Enter the user name.
Password Enter the password.
IP Update Policy Select the policy used by the WiMAX Device. Options are:
•Auto Detect
•WAN
• User Defined
User Defined IP If chose “User Defined” for the IP Update Policy, enter the user defined IP
address.
Wildcards Select this to allow a hostname to use wildcards such as “*”.
MX Select this to enable mail routing, if supported by the specified DYNDNS service
provider.
Backup MX Select this to enable a secondary mail routing, if supported by the specified
DYNDNS service provider.
MX Host Enter the host to which mail is routed when the MX option is selected.
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7.22 IGMP Proxy
IGMP proxy allows the WiMAX Device to get subscribing information and maintain a joined member
list for each multicast group. It can reduce multicast traffic significantly. Use this screen to enable
IGMP Proxy on the WiMAX Device.
Click Network Setting > IGMP Proxy to open this screen as shown next.
Figure 66 IGMP Proxy
This screen contains the following fields:
7.23 Content Filter
Use these settings to allow ("whitelist") or block ("blacklist") connections to and from specific web
sites through the WiMAX Device.
Click Network Setting > Content Filter to open this screen as shown next.
Figure 67 Content Filter Screen
Table 48 IGMP Proxy
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Enable IGMP
Proxy Internet Group Multicast Protocol (IGMP) is a network-layer protocol used to
establish membership in a Multicast group - it is not used to carry user data.
Select this option to have the WiMAX Device act as an IGMP proxy. This allows
the WiMAX Device to get subscribing information and maintain a joined member
list for each multicast group. It can reduce multicast traffic significantly.
Save Click this to save the changes made.
Cancel Click this avoid any changes made from being saved to your configuration.
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This screen contains the following fields:
Table 49 Content Filter
LABEL DESCRIPTION
URL List
Enable URL
Filter Select this employ the content filter to allow (“whitelist”) or block (“blacklist”)
specific URL connections made through the WiMAX Device.
Blacklist/
Whitelist Select whether the current filtering applies to the blacklist (sites that are
blocked) or the whitelist (sites that are allowed).
URL Filter Rule
Active Indicates whether the current URL filter is active or not.
URL Indicates the URL to be filtered according to blacklist or whitelist rules.
Delete Click this to delete a specified rule.
Add Click this to add a new filter rule.
OK Click this to save any changes made to the list.
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CHAPTER 8
Security
8.1 Overview
This chapter shows you how to configure the WiMAX Device’s network settings.
8.1.1 What You Need to Know
The following terms and concepts may help as you read through this chapter.
About the WiMAX Device’s Security Features
The WiMAX Device security features are designed to protect against Denial of Service attacks when
activated as well as block access to and from specific URLs and MAC addresses. Its purpose is to
allow a private Local Area Network (LAN) to be securely connected to the Internet. The WiMAX
Device can be used to prevent theft, destruction and modification of data.
The WiMAX Device is installed between the LAN and a WiMAX base station connecting to the
Internet. This allows it to act as a secure gateway for all data passing between the Internet and the
LAN.
The WiMAX Device has one Ethernet (LAN) port. The LAN (Local Area Network) port attaches to a
network of computers, which needs security from the outside world. These computers will have
access to Internet services such as e-mail, FTP and the World Wide Web. However, “inbound
access” is not allowed (by default) unless the remote host is authorized to use a specific service.
8.2 IP Filter
Use this screen to block incoming connections from specific IP addresses.
Click Security > Firewall > IP Filter to open this screen as shown next.
Figure 68 IP Filter Screen
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This screen contains the following fields:
8.3 MAC Filter
Use this screen to allow ("whitelist") or block ("blacklist") connections to and from specific devices
on the network based on their unique MAC addresses.
Note: This feature only works when the WiMAX Device is in bridge mode.
Table 50 IP Filter
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Active Indicates whether the current IP filter is active or not.
Source IP This displays the source IP address for the IP filter rule.
Click Add to create a new, empty rule, then enter the incoming IP address for
the WiMAX Device to block.
If you want to delete this rule, click the Delete icon.
Source Port This displays the source port number for the IP filter rule.
Click Add to create a new, empty rule, then enter the incoming port number for
the WiMAX Device to block.
If you want to delete this rule, click the Delete icon.
Destination IP This displays the destination IP address for the IP filter rule.
Click Add to create a new, empty rule, then enter the outgoing IP address for
the WiMAX Device to block.
If you want to delete this rule, click the Delete icon.
Destination Port This displays the destination port number for the IP filter rule.
Click Add to create a new, empty rule, then enter the outgoing port number for
the WiMAX Device to block.
If you want to delete this rule, click the Delete icon.
Protocol This displays the protocol blocked by the IP filter rule.
Click Add to create a new, empty rule, then select the protocol type for the
WiMAX Device to block.
If you want to delete this rule, click the Delete icon.
Delete Click this to delete a specified rule.
Add Click this to add a new filter rule.
OK Click this to save any changes made to the list.
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Click Security > Firewall > MAC Filter to open this screen as shown next.
Figure 69 MAC Filter Screen
This screen contains the following fields:
8.4 DDOS
Use these settings to potentially block specific types of Denial of Service attacks directed at your
WiMAX Device.
Table 51 MAC Filter
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Blacklist/Whitelist Select either whitelist or blacklist for viewing and editing.
Source MAC This displays the source MAC for the MAC filter rule.
Click Add to create a new, empty rule, then enter the incoming MAC address for
the WiMAX Device to block.
If you want to delete this rule, click the Delete icon.
Destination MAC This displays the destination MAC for the MAC filter rule.
Click Add to create a new, empty rule, then enter the outgoing MAC address for
the WiMAX Device to block.
If you want to delete this rule, click the Delete icon.
Mon ~ Sun Select which days of the week you want the filter rule to be effective.
Start / End Time Select what time each day you want the filter rule to be effective. Enter times in
24-hour format; for example, 3:00pm should be entered as 15:00.
Add Click this to add a new filter rule.
OK Click this to save any changes made to the list.
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Click Security > Firewall > DDOS to open this screen as shown next.
Figure 70 DDOS Screen
This screen contains the following fields:
Table 52 DDOS
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Prevent from TCP
SYN Flood Select this to monitor for and block TCP SYN flood attacks.
A SYN flood is one type of denial of service attack where an overwhelming
number of SYN requests assault a client device.
Prevent from UDP
Flood Select this to monitor for and block UDP flood attacks.
An UDP flood is a type of denial of service attack where an overwhelming
number of UDP packets assault random ports on a client device. Because the
device is forced to analyze and respond to each packet, it quickly becomes
unreachable to other devices.
Prevent from
ICMP Flood Select this to monitor for and block ICMP flood attacks.
An ICMP flood is a type of denial of service attack where an overwhelming
number of ICMP ping assault a client device, locking it down and preventing it
from responding to requests from other servers.
Prevent from Port
Scan Select this to monitor for and block port scan attacks.
A port scan attack is typically the precursor to a full-blown denial of service
attack wherein each port on a device is probed for security holes that can be
exploited. Once a security flaw is discovered, an attacker can initiate the
appropriate denial of service attack or intrusion attack against the client device.
Prevent from
LAND Attack Select this to monitor for and block LAND attacks.
A Local Area Network Denial (LAND) attack is a type of denial of service attack
where a spoofed TCP SYN packet targets a client device’s IP address and forces it
into an infinite recursive loop of querying itself and then replying, effectively
locking it down.
Prevent from IP
Spoof Select this to monitor for and block IP address spoof attacks.
An IP address spoof is an attack whereby the source IP address in the incoming
IP packets allows a malicious party to masquerade as a legitimate user and gain
access to the client device.
Prevent from
ICMP redirect Select this to monitor for and block ICMP redirect attacks.
An ICMP redirect attack is one where forged ICMP redirect messages can force
the client device to route packets for certain connections through an attacker’s
host.
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8.5 PPTP VPN Server
Use this screen to configure settings for a Point to Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP) server.
Click Security > PPTP VPN > PPTP Server to open this screen as shown next.
Figure 71 PPTP Server
This screen contains the following fields:
Prevent from
PING of Death Select this to monitor for and block ping of death attacks.
A Ping of Death (POD) attack is one where larger-than-allowed ping packets are
fragmented then sent against a client device. This results in the client device
suffering from a buffer overflow and subsequent system crash.
Prevent from
PING from WAN Select this to ignore ping requests from the WAN.
Table 52 DDOS (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Table 53 PPTP Server
LABEL DESCRIPTION
PPTP Server
Enable Use this field to turn the WiMAX Device’S PPTP VPN function on or off.
Server Name Enter the server name for the PPTP VPN connection.
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8.6 PPTP VPN Client
Use this screen to view settings for Point to Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP) clients.
Auth Protocol Select the Authentication Protocol allowed for the connection. Options are:
•PAP - Password Authentication Protocol (PAP) authentication occurs in clear
text and does not use encryption. It’s probably not a good idea to rely on this
for security.
•CHAP - Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol (CHAP) provides
authentication through a shared secret key and uses a three way handshake.
•MSCHAPv1 - Microsoft CHAP v1 (MSCHAPv1) provides authentication
through a shared secret key and uses a three way handshake. It provides
improved usability with Microsoft products.
•MSCHAPv2 - Microsoft CHAP v2 (MSCHAPv2) provides encryption through a
shared secret key and uses a three way handshake. It provides additional
security over MSCHAPv1, including two-way authentication.
MPPE
Encryption If MSCHAPv1 or MSCHAPv2 is selected as an Auth Protocol, use the drop-
down list box to select the type of Microsoft Point-to-Point Encryption (MPPE).
Options are:
•MPPE 40 bits - MPPE with 40 bit session key length
•MPPE 128 bits - MPPE with 128 bit session key length
• Auto - Automatically select either MPPE 40 bits or MPPE 128 bits
Local IP
Address Enter the local endpoint for the PPTP connection.
Remote Start
IP Enter the local IP address range the WiMAX Device assigns to remote users if the
remote client device is set to obtain an IP address automatically.
Idle Timeout Enter the time in minutes to timeout PPTP connections.
DNS Server 1
DNS Server 2 Specify the IP addresses of DNS servers to assign to the remote users.
User Access List
User Name Enter the user name for the remote user.
Server Select the server that the remote user has access to: PPTPD, L2TPD or Both.
Password Enter the password for the remote user.
IP Address Enter the local IP address the WiMAX Device assigns to the remote user.
Entering 0.0.0.0 indicates the local IP address will be dynamically assigned.
Delete Select an entry and click this to delete it.
Add Click this to create a new entry.
OK Click this to save the changes.
Connection List
User Name This displays the user name for the remote user.
Remote IP
Address This displays the remote endpoint IP address of the remote user.
PPTP IP
Address This displays the local IP address of the PPTP server.
Login Time This displays the time the PPTP connection started.
Link Time(s) This displays the duration of the PPTP connection.
Table 53 PPTP Server (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
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Click Security > PPTP VPN > PPTP Client to open this screen as shown next.
Figure 72 PPTP Client
This screen contains the following fields:
8.7 PPTP VPN Client: Add
Use this screen to configure settings for Point to Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP) clients.
Table 54 PPTP Client
LABEL DESCRIPTION
# This is the index number of the connection.
Profile Name This is the name of this client connection.
Server IP This is the IP address of the PPTP VPN server.
Assign IP This is the local IP address the client assigns to itself or is assigned by the server.
MTU This field indicates the Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) for the connection.
Status This is the connection status.
Add Click this to add a VPN client profile.
Edit Click this to edit an existing VPN client profile.
Connect Select a VPN client connection and click this to connect.
Disconnect Select a VPN client connection and click this to disconnect.
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Click Security > PPTP VPN > PPTP Client > Add to open this screen as shown next.
Figure 73 PPTP Client: Add
This screen contains the following fields:
Table 55 PPTP Client: Add
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Profile Name Enter the name for this client connection.
NAT Mode? Select Yes if the client will be located behind a NAT enabled router. This will
allow multiple clients using NAT to connect with PPTP at the same time.
Auth Protocol Select the Authentication Protocol allowed for the connection. Options are:
•PAP - Password Authentication Protocol (PAP) authentication occurs in clear
text and does not use encryption. It’s probably not a good idea to rely on this
for security.
•CHAP - Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol (CHAP) provides
authentication through a shared secret key and uses a three way handshake.
•MSCHAPv1 - Microsoft CHAP v1 (MSCHAPv1) provides authentication
through a shared secret key and uses a three way handshake. It provides
improved usability with Microsoft products.
•MSCHAPv2 - Microsoft CHAP v2 (MSCHAPv2) provides encryption through a
shared secret key and uses a three way handshake. It provides additional
security over MSCHAPv1, including two-way authentication.
MPPE Encryption If MSCHAPv1 or MSCHAPv2 is selected as an Auth Protocol, use the drop-
down list box to select the type of Microsoft Point-to-Point Encryption (MPPE).
Options are:
•MPPE 40 - MPPE with 40 bit session key length.
•MPPE 128 - MPPE with 128 bit session key length.
•Auto - Automatically select either MPPE 40 or MPPE 128.
MPPE Stateful? Select Yes to enable stateful MPPE encryption. This can increase performance
over stateless MPPE, but should not be used in lossy network environments like
layer two tunnels over the Internet.
Server IP Address Enter the IP address of the PPTP server.
User Name Enter the user name for connecting to the PPTP server.
Password Enter the password for connecting to the PPTP server.
Retype Retype the password for connecting to the PPTP server.
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8.8 L2TP VPN Server
Use this screen to configure settings for Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol (L2TP) server.
Click Security > L2TP VPN > L2TP Server to open this screen as shown next.
Figure 74 L2TP Server
This screen contains the following fields:
Get IP
automatically Select Yes to have the PPTP server assign a local IP address to the client.
Assign IP Address Enter the IP address for the client. Ensure that the IP address is configured to be
allowed on the PPTP server.
Idle Timeout Enter the time in minutes to timeout PPTP connections.
Table 55 PPTP Client: Add (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Table 56 L2TP Server
LABEL DESCRIPTION
L2TP Server
Enable Use this field to turn the WiMAX Device’S L2TP VPN function on or off.
Server Name Enter the server name for the L2TP VPN connection.
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Support
Protocol
Version
Select the L2TP Protocol Version: All, 2, or 3. L2TPv2 is a standard method for
tunneling Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) while L2TPv3 provides improved support
for other types of networks including frame relay and ATM.
Auth Protocol Select the Authentication Protocol allowed for the connection. Options are:
•PAP - Password Authentication Protocol (PAP) authentication occurs in clear
text and does not use encryption. It’s probably not a good idea to rely on this
for security.
•CHAP - Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol (CHAP) provides
authentication through a shared secret key and uses a three way handshake.
•MSCHAPv1 - Microsoft CHAP v1 (MSCHAPv1) provides authentication
through a shared secret key and uses a three way handshake. It provides
improved usability with Microsoft products.
•MSCHAPv2 - Microsoft CHAP v2 (MSCHAPv2) provides encryption through a
shared secret key and uses a three way handshake. It provides additional
security over MSCHAPv1, including two-way authentication.
MPPE
Encryption If MSCHAPv1 or MSCHAPv2 is selected as an Auth Protocol, use the drop-
down list box to select the type of Microsoft Point-to-Point Encryption (MPPE).
Options are:
•MPPE 40 - MPPE with 40 bit session key length
•MPPE 128 - MPPE with 128 bit session key length
• Auto - Automatically select either MPPE 40 or MPPE 128
Local IP
Address Enter the local endpoint for the L2TP connection.
Remote Start
IP Enter the local IP address range the WiMAX Device assigns to remote users if the
remote client device is set to obtain an IP address automatically.
Restrict Client
IP? Select Yes to restrict the remote client device local IP address.
Allow Client IP Enter the local IP address range the remote client device is restricted to. If the
client device is configured with a static IP address, it should be in this range.
Idle Timeout Enter the time in minutes to timeout L2TP connections.
DNS Server 1
DNS Server 2 Specify the IP addresses of DNS servers to assign to the remote users.
User Access List
User Name Enter the user name for the remote user.
Server Select the server that the remote user has access to: PPTPD, L2TPD or Both.
Password Enter the password for the remote user.
IP Address Enter the local IP address the WiMAX Device assigns to the remote user.
Entering 0.0.0.0 indicates the local IP address will be dynamically assigned.
Delete Select an entry and click this to delete it.
Add Click this to create a new entry.
OK Click this to save the changes.
Connection List
User Name This displays the user name for the remote user.
Remote IP
Address This displays the remote endpoint IP address of the remote user.
L2TP IP
Address This displays the local IP address of the L2TP server.
Login Time This displays the time the L2TP connection started.
Table 56 L2TP Server (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
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8.9 L2TP VPN Client
Use this screen to view settings for Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol (L2TP) clients.
Click Security > L2TP VPN > L2TP Client to open this screen as shown next.
Figure 75 L2TP Client
This screen contains the following fields:
8.10 L2TP VPN Client: Add
Use this screen to configure settings for Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol (L2TP) clients.
Link Time(s) This displays the duration of the L2TP connection.
Disconnect Select a client and click this button to disconnect the selected client.
Table 56 L2TP Server (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Table 57 L2TP Client
LABEL DESCRIPTION
# This is the index number of the connection.
Profile Name This is the name of this client connection.
Server IP This is the IP address of the L2TP VPN server.
Assign IP This is the local IP address the client assigns to itself or is assigned by the server.
MTU This field indicates the Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) for the connection.
Status This is the connection status.
Add Click this to add a VPN client profile.
Edit Click this to edit an existing VPN client profile.
Connect Select a VPN client connection and click this to connect.
Disconnect Select a VPN client connection and click this to disconnect.
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Click Security > L2TP VPN > L2TP Client > Add to open this screen as shown next.
Figure 76 L2TP Client: Add
This screen contains the following fields:
Table 58 L2TP Client: Add
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Profile Name Enter the name for this client connection.
L2TP Protocol
Version Select the L2TP Protocol Version 2 or 3. L2TPv2 is a standard method for
tunneling Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) while L2TPv3 provides improved support
for other types of networks including frame relay and ATM.
NAT Mode? Select Yes if the client will be located behind a NAT enabled router. This will
allow multiple clients using NAT to connect with L2TP at the same time.
Auth Protocol Select the Authentication Protocol allowed for the connection. Options are:
•PAP - Password Authentication Protocol (PAP) authentication occurs in clear
text and does not use encryption. It’s probably not a good idea to rely on this
for security.
•CHAP - Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol (CHAP) provides
authentication through a shared secret key and uses a three way handshake.
•MSCHAPv1 - Microsoft CHAP v1 (MSCHAPv1) provides authentication
through a shared secret key and uses a three way handshake. It provides
improved usability with Microsoft products.
•MSCHAPv2 - Microsoft CHAP v2 (MSCHAPv2) provides encryption through a
shared secret key and uses a three way handshake. It provides additional
security over MSCHAPv1, including two-way authentication.
MPPE Encryption If MSCHAPv1 or MSCHAPv2 is selected as an Auth Protocol, use the drop-
down list box to select the type of Microsoft Point-to-Point Encryption (MPPE).
Options are:
•MPPE 40 bits - MPPE with 40 bit session key length
•MPPE 128 bits - MPPE with 128 bit session key length
•Auto - Automatically select either MPPE 40 bits or MPPE 128 bits
MPPE Stateful? Select Yes to enable stateful MPPE encryption. This can increase performance
over stateless MPPE, but should not be used in lossy network environments like
layer two tunnels over the Internet.
Server IP Address Enter the IP address of the L2TP server.
User Name Enter the user name for connecting to the L2TP server.
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8.11 IPSec VPN
The following figure helps explain the main fields in the web configurator.
Figure 77 IPSec Fields Summary
Click Security > IPSec VPN to open the General screen as shown next.
Figure 78 IPSec VPN
This screen contains the following fields:
Password Enter the password for connecting to the L2TP server.
Retype Retype the password for connecting to the L2TP server.
Get IP
automatically Select Yes to have the L2TP server assign a local IP address to the client.
Assign IP Address Enter the IP address for the client. Ensure that the IP address is configured to be
allowed on the L2TP server.
Idle Timeout Enter the time in minutes to timeout L2TP connections.
Table 58 L2TP Client: Add (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Table 59 IPSec VPN
LABEL DESCRIPTION
# This is the VPN policy index number.
Name Enter the name of the VPN connection.
Enabled This displays if the VPN policy is enabled.
Local Endpoint This displays the IP address of the WiMAX Device.
Remote Endpoint This displays the IP address of the remote IPSec router.
Local Network This displays the single (static) IP address on the LAN behind your WiMAX Device
or the IP address and subnet mask of a network behind your WiMAX Device.
Local Network
Local IP Address
Remote Network
Remote IP Address
Remote
IPSec Router
VPN Tunnel
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Remote Network This displays the single (static) IP address on the LAN behind the remote IPSec
router or the IP address and subnet mask of a network behind the remote IPSec
router.
Add Click this button to add an item to the list.
Table 59 IPSec VPN (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
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8.11.1 IPSec VPN: Add
Use these settings. Click Security > IPSec VPN > Add to open this screen as shown next.
Figure 79 IPSec VPN: Add
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This screen contains the following fields:
Table 60 IPSec VPN: Add
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Property
Enable Select Enable to activate this VPN policy.
Connection
Name Enter the name of the VPN connection.
Connection
Type Select the scenario that best describes your intended VPN connection.
•Initiator - Choose this to connect to an IPSec server. The WiMAX Device is
the client (dial-in user) and can initiate the VPN connection.
• On Demand - Choose this if the remote IPSec router has a static IP address
or a domain name. This WiMAX Device can initiate the VPN tunnel.
• Responder - Choose this to allow incoming connections from IPSec VPN
clients. The clients can have dynamic IP addresses and are also known as
dial-in users. Only the clients can initiate the VPN tunnel.
Gateway Information
Local Endpoint
Interface Select the interface for the VPN gateway.
IP Address Enter the IP address of the WiMAX Device in the IKE SA.
Remote Endpoint
IP Address Enter the IP address of the remote IPSec router in the IKE SA.
Authentication Method
Pre-Shared
Key Type your pre-shared key in this field. A pre-shared key identifies a
communicating party during a phase 1 IKE negotiation.
Type from 8 to 31 case-sensitive ASCII characters or from 16 to 62 hexadecimal
("0-9", "A-F") characters. You must precede a hexadecimal key with a "0x” (zero
x), which is not counted as part of the 16 to 62 character range for the key. For
example, in "0x0123456789ABCDEF", “0x” denotes that the key is hexadecimal
and “0123456789ABCDEF” is the key itself.
Local ID Type Select IP to identify the WiMAX Device by its IP address.
Select Domain Name to identify this WiMAX Device by a domain name.
Select E-mail to identify this WiMAX Device by an e-mail address.
Content When you select IP in the Local ID Type field, type the IP address of your
computer in the Content field. If you configure the Content field to 0.0.0.0 or
leave it blank, the WiMAX Device automatically uses the Pre-Shared Key (refer
to the Pre-Shared Key field description).
It is recommended that you type an IP address other than 0.0.0.0 in the
Content field or use the Domain Name or E-mail ID type in the following
situations.
• When there is a NAT router between the two IPSec routers.
• When you want the remote IPSec router to be able to distinguish between
VPN connection requests that come in from IPSec routers with dynamic WAN
IP addresses.
When you select Domain Name or E-mail in the Local ID Type field, type a
domain name or e-mail address by which to identify this WiMAX Device in the
Local Content field. Use up to 31 ASCII characters including spaces, although
trailing spaces are truncated. The domain name or e-mail address is for
identification purposes only and can be any string.
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Remote ID
Type Select IP to identify the remote IPSec router by its IP address.
Select Domain Name to identify the remote IPSec router by a domain name.
Select E-mail to identify the remote IPSec router by an e-mail address.
Content The configuration of the remote content depends on the remote ID type.
For IP, type the IP address of the computer with which you will make the VPN
connection. If you configure this field to 0.0.0.0 or leave it blank, the WiMAX
Device will use the address in the Remote Endpoint field (refer to the Remote
Endpoint field description).
For Domain Name or E-mail, type a domain name or e-mail address by which
to identify the remote IPSec router. Use up to 31 ASCII characters including
spaces, although trailing spaces are truncated. The domain name or e-mail
address is for identification purposes only and can be any string.
It is recommended that you type an IP address other than 0.0.0.0 or use the
Domain Name or E-mail ID type in the following situations:
• When there is a NAT router between the two IPSec routers.
• When you want the WiMAX Device to distinguish between VPN connection
requests that come in from remote IPSec routers with dynamic WAN IP
addresses.
IKE Phase 1
Proposal
# This field is a sequential value, and it is not associated with a specific proposal.
The sequence of proposals should not affect performance significantly.
Encryption Select which key size and encryption algorithm to use in the IKE SA. Choices
are:
•DES - a 56-bit key with the DES encryption algorithm
•3DES - a 168-bit key with the DES encryption algorithm
•AES128 - a 128-bit key with the AES encryption algorithm
•AES192 - a 192-bit key with the AES encryption algorithm
•AES256 - a 256-bit key with the AES encryption algorithm
The WiMAX Device and the remote IPSec router must use the same key size and
encryption algorithm. Longer keys require more processing power, resulting in
increased latency and decreased throughput.
Authentication Select which hash algorithm to use to authenticate packet data. Choices are
SHA1 and MD5. SHA1 is generally considered stronger than MD5, but it is also
slower.
Remove Select an entry and click this to delete it.
Add Click this to create a new entry.
OK Click this to save the changes.
Key Group Select which Diffie-Hellman key group (DHx) you want to use for encryption
keys. Choices are:
•DH1 - use a 768-bit random number
•DH2 - use a 1024-bit random number
•DH5 - use a 1536-bit random number
The longer the key, the more secure the encryption, but also the longer it takes
to encrypt and decrypt information. Both routers must use the same DH key
group.
Table 60 IPSec VPN: Add (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
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SA Life Time Type the maximum number of seconds the IKE SA can last. When this time has
passed, the WiMAX Device and remote IPSec router have to update the
encryption and authentication keys and re-negotiate the IKE SA. This does not
affect any existing IPSec SAs, however.
Dead Peer
Detection
(DPD)
Select this check box if you want the WiMAX Device to make sure the remote
IPSec router is there before it transmits data through the IKE SA. The remote
IPSec router must support DPD. If the remote IPSec router does not respond,
the WiMAX Device shuts down the IKE SA.
If the remote IPSec router does not support DPD, see if you can use the VPN
connection connectivity check.
DPD Interval Specify the time interval for the WiMAX Device to send a DPD message to the
remote IPSec router.
DPD Idle Try Specify the maximum number of times the WiMAX Device sends the DPD
message.
Local Network Local IP addresses must be static and correspond to the remote IPSec router's
configured remote IP addresses.
Two active SAs can have the same configured local or remote IP address, but not
both. You can configure multiple SAs between the same local and remote IP
addresses, as long as only one is active at any time.
In order to have more than one active rule with the Remote Endpoint field set
to 0.0.0.0, the ranges of the local IP addresses cannot overlap between rules.
If you configure an active rule with 0.0.0.0 in the Remote Endpoint field and
the LAN’s full IP address range as the local IP address, then you cannot configure
any other active rules with the Remote Endpoint field set to 0.0.0.0.
Address Type Select Single address or Subnet address to specify if the VPN connection
begins at an IP address or subnet.
Start IP
Address If Single address is selected, enter a (static) IP address on the LAN behind your
WiMAX Device.
If Subnet address is selected, specify IP addresses on a network by their
subnet mask by entering a (static) IP address on the LAN behind your WiMAX
Device. Then enter the subnet mask to identify the network address.
Subnet Mask If Subnet address is selected, enter the subnet mask to identify the network
address.
Local Port Select how the WiMAX Device checks the connection. The peer must be
configured to respond to the method you select.
Select icmp to have the WiMAX Device regularly ping the address you specify to
make sure traffic can still go through the connection. You may need to configure
the peer to respond to pings.
Select tcp or udp to have the WiMAX Device regularly perform a TCP or UDP
handshake with the address you specify to make sure traffic can still go through
the connection. You may need to configure the peer to accept the TCP or UDP
connection. If you select tcp or udp, specify the port number to use for the
connectivity check.
Remote Network Remote IP addresses must be static and correspond to the remote IPSec router's
configured local IP addresses. The remote fields do not apply when the Remote
Endpoint field is configured to 0.0.0.0. In this case only the remote IPSec
router can initiate the VPN.
Two active SAs cannot both have the same local and remote IP address(es). Two
active SAs can have the same local or remote IP address, but not both. You can
configure multiple SAs between the same local and remote IP addresses, as long
as only one is active at any time.
Table 60 IPSec VPN: Add (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
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Address Type Select Single address or Subnet address to specify if the VPN connection
terminates at an IP address or subnet.
Start IP
Address If Single address is selected, enter a (static) IP address on the LAN behind the
remote IPSec’s router.
If Subnet address is selected, specify IP addresses on a network by their
subnet mask by entering a (static) IP address on the LAN behind the remote
IPSec’s router. Then enter the subnet mask to identify the network address.
Subnet Mask If Subnet address is selected, enter the subnet mask to identify the network
address.
Remote Port Select how the WiMAX Device checks the connection. The peer must be
configured to respond to the method you select.
Select icmp to have the WiMAX Device regularly ping the address you specify to
make sure traffic can still go through the connection. You may need to configure
the peer to respond to pings.
Select tcp or udp to have the WiMAX Device regularly perform a TCP or UDP
handshake with the address you specify to make sure traffic can still go through
the connection. You may need to configure the peer to accept the TCP or UDP
connection. If you select tcp or udp, specify the port number to use for the
connectivity check.
IPSec Proposal
Encapsulation
Mode Select Tunnel mode or Transport mode from the drop-down list box.
Active
Protocol Select the security protocols used for an SA.
Both AH and ESP increase processing requirements and communications latency
(delay).
If you select ESP here, you must select options from the Encryption Algorithm
and Authentication Algorithm fields (described below).
Encryption
Algorithm Select which key size and encryption algorithm to use in the IPSec SA. Choices
are:
•DES - a 56-bit key with the DES encryption algorithm
•3DES - a 168-bit key with the DES encryption algorithm
•AES128 - a 128-bit key with the AES encryption algorithm
•AES192 - a 192-bit key with the AES encryption algorithm
•AES256 - a 256-bit key with the AES encryption algorithm
The WiMAX Device and the remote IPSec router must use the same key size and
encryption algorithm. Longer keys require more processing power, resulting in
increased latency and decreased throughput.
Authentication
Algorithm Select which hash algorithm to use to authenticate packet data. Choices are
SHA1 and MD5. SHA1 is generally considered stronger than MD5, but it is also
slower.
SA Life Time Define the length of time before an IPSec SA automatically renegotiates in this
field.
A short SA Life Time increases security by forcing the two VPN gateways to
update the encryption and authentication keys. However, every time the VPN
tunnel renegotiates, all users accessing remote resources are temporarily
disconnected.
Table 60 IPSec VPN: Add (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
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8.12 Technical Reference
This section provides some technical background information about the topics covered in this
section.
8.12.1 IPSec Architecture
The overall IPSec architecture is shown as follows.
Figure 80 IPSec Architecture
IPSec Algorithms
The ESP (Encapsulating Security Payload) Protocol (RFC 2406) and AH (Authentication Header)
protocol (RFC 2402) describe the packet formats and the default standards for packet structure
(including implementation algorithms).
The Encryption Algorithm describes the use of encryption techniques such as DES (Data Encryption
Standard) and Triple DES algorithms.
Perfect
Forward
Secrecy (PFS)
Select whether or not you want to enable Perfect Forward Secrecy (PFS).
PFS changes the root key that is used to generate encryption keys for each IPSec
SA. The longer the key, the more secure the encryption, but also the longer it
takes to encrypt and decrypt information. Both routers must use the same DH
key group.
Save Click Apply to save your changes back to the WiMAX Device.
Cancel Click Cancel to restore your previous settings.
Table 60 IPSec VPN: Add (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
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The Authentication Algorithms, HMAC-MD5 (RFC 2403) and HMAC-SHA-1 (RFC 2404, provide an
authentication mechanism for the AH and ESP protocols.
Key Management
Key management allows you to determine whether to use IKE (ISAKMP) or manual key
configuration in order to set up a VPN.
8.12.2 Encapsulation
The two modes of operation for IPSec VPNs are Transport mode and Tunnel mode. At the time of
writing, the WiMAX Device supports Tunnel mode only.
Figure 81 Transport and Tunnel Mode IPSec Encapsulation
Transport Mode
Transport mode is used to protect upper layer protocols and only affects the data in the IP packet.
In Transport mode, the IP packet contains the security protocol (AH or ESP) located after the
original IP header and options, but before any upper layer protocols contained in the packet (such
as TCP and UDP).
With ESP, protection is applied only to the upper layer protocols contained in the packet. The IP
header information and options are not used in the authentication process. Therefore, the
originating IP address cannot be verified for integrity against the data.
With the use of AH as the security protocol, protection is extended forward into the IP header to
verify the integrity of the entire packet by use of portions of the original IP header in the hashing
process.
Tunnel Mode
Tunnel mode encapsulates the entire IP packet to transmit it securely. A Tunnel mode is required
for gateway services to provide access to internal systems. Tunnel mode is fundamentally an IP
tunnel with authentication and encryption. This is the most common mode of operation. Tunnel
mode is required for gateway to gateway and host to gateway communications. Tunnel mode
communications have two sets of IP headers:
•Outside header: The outside IP header contains the destination IP address of the VPN gateway.
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•Inside header: The inside IP header contains the destination IP address of the final system
behind the VPN gateway. The security protocol appears after the outer IP header and before the
inside IP header.
8.12.3 IKE Phases
There are two phases to every IKE (Internet Key Exchange) negotiation – phase 1 (Authentication)
and phase 2 (Key Exchange). A phase 1 exchange establishes an IKE SA and the second one uses
that SA to negotiate SAs for IPSec.
Figure 82 Two Phases to Set Up the IPSec SA
In phase 1 you must:
• Choose a negotiation mode.
• Authenticate the connection by entering a pre-shared key.
• Choose an encryption algorithm.
• Choose an authentication algorithm.
• Choose a Diffie-Hellman public-key cryptography key group (DH1 or DH2).
• Set the IKE SA lifetime. This field allows you to determine how long an IKE SA should stay up
before it times out. An IKE SA times out when the IKE SA lifetime period expires. If an IKE SA
times out when an IPSec SA is already established, the IPSec SA stays connected.
In phase 2 you must:
• Choose an encryption algorithm.
• Choose an authentication algorithm
• Choose a Diffie-Hellman public-key cryptography key group.
• Set the IPSec SA lifetime. This field allows you to determine how long the IPSec SA should stay
up before it times out. The WiMAX Device automatically renegotiates the IPSec SA if there is
traffic when the IPSec SA lifetime period expires. If an IPSec SA times out, then the IPSec router
must renegotiate the SA the next time someone attempts to send traffic.
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8.12.4 Negotiation Mode
The phase 1 Negotiation Mode you select determines how the Security Association (SA) will be
established for each connection through IKE negotiations.
•Main Mode ensures the highest level of security when the communicating parties are
negotiating authentication (phase 1). It uses 6 messages in three round trips: SA negotiation,
Diffie-Hellman exchange and an exchange of nonces (a nonce is a random number). This mode
features identity protection (your identity is not revealed in the negotiation).
•Aggressive Mode is quicker than Main Mode because it eliminates several steps when the
communicating parties are negotiating authentication (phase 1). However the trade-off is that
faster speed limits its negotiating power and it also does not provide identity protection. It is
useful in remote access situations where the address of the initiator is not know by the responder
and both parties want to use pre-shared key authentication.
8.12.5 IPSec and NAT
Read this section if you are running IPSec on a host computer behind the WiMAX Device.
NAT is incompatible with the AH protocol in both Transport and Tunnel mode. An IPSec VPN using
the AH protocol digitally signs the outbound packet, both data payload and headers, with a hash
value appended to the packet. When using AH protocol, packet contents (the data payload) are not
encrypted.
A NAT device in between the IPSec endpoints will rewrite either the source or destination address
with one of its own choosing. The VPN device at the receiving end will verify the integrity of the
incoming packet by computing its own hash value, and complain that the hash value appended to
the received packet doesn't match. The VPN device at the receiving end doesn't know about the
NAT in the middle, so it assumes that the data has been maliciously altered.
IPSec using ESP in Tunnel mode encapsulates the entire original packet (including headers) in a
new IP packet. The new IP packet's source address is the outbound address of the sending VPN
gateway, and its destination address is the inbound address of the VPN device at the receiving end.
When using ESP protocol with authentication, the packet contents (in this case, the entire original
packet) are encrypted. The encrypted contents, but not the new headers, are signed with a hash
value appended to the packet.
Tunnel mode ESP with authentication is compatible with NAT because integrity checks are
performed over the combination of the "original header plus original payload," which is unchanged
by a NAT device.
Transport mode ESP with authentication is not compatible with NAT.
Table 61 VPN and NAT
SECURITY PROTOCOL MODE NAT
AH Transport N
AH Tunnel N
ESP Transport N
ESP Tunnel Y
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8.12.6 VPN, NAT, and NAT Traversal
NAT is incompatible with the AH protocol in both transport and tunnel mode. An IPSec VPN using
the AH protocol digitally signs the outbound packet, both data payload and headers, with a hash
value appended to the packet, but a NAT device between the IPSec endpoints rewrites the source or
destination address. As a result, the VPN device at the receiving end finds a mismatch between the
hash value and the data and assumes that the data has been maliciously altered.
NAT is not normally compatible with ESP in transport mode either, but the WiMAX Device’s NAT
Traversal feature provides a way to handle this. NAT traversal allows you to set up an IKE SA when
there are NAT routers between the two IPSec routers.
Figure 83 NAT Router Between IPSec Routers
Normally you cannot set up an IKE SA with a NAT router between the two IPSec routers because
the NAT router changes the header of the IPSec packet. NAT traversal solves the problem by adding
a UDP port 500 header to the IPSec packet. The NAT router forwards the IPSec packet with the UDP
port 500 header unchanged. In the above figure, when IPSec router A tries to establish an IKE SA,
IPSec router B checks the UDP port 500 header, and IPSec routers A and B build the IKE SA.
For NAT traversal to work, you must:
• Use ESP security protocol (in either transport or tunnel mode).
•Use IKE keying mode.
• Enable NAT traversal on both IPSec endpoints.
• Set the NAT router to forward UDP port 500 to IPSec router A.
Finally, NAT is compatible with ESP in tunnel mode because integrity checks are performed over the
combination of the "original header plus original payload," which is unchanged by a NAT device. The
compatibility of AH and ESP with NAT in tunnel and transport modes is summarized in the following
table.
Y* - This is supported in the WiMAX Device if you enable NAT traversal.
8.12.7 ID Type and Content
With aggressive negotiation mode (see Section 8.12.4 on page 147), the WiMAX Device identifies
incoming SAs by ID type and content since this identifying information is not encrypted. This
Table 62 VPN and NAT
SECURITY PROTOCOL MODE NAT
AH Transport N
AH Tunnel N
ESP Transport Y*
ESP Tunnel Y
AB
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enables the WiMAX Device to distinguish between multiple rules for SAs that connect from remote
IPSec routers that have dynamic WAN IP addresses.
Regardless of the ID type and content configuration, the WiMAX Device does not allow you to save
multiple active rules with overlapping local and remote IP addresses.
With main mode (see Section 8.12.4 on page 147), the ID type and content are encrypted to
provide identity protection. In this case the WiMAX Device can only distinguish between up to 12
different incoming SAs that connect from remote IPSec routers that have dynamic WAN IP
addresses. The WiMAX Device can distinguish up to 48 incoming SAs because you can select
between three encryption algorithms (DES, 3DES and AES), two authentication algorithms (MD5
and SHA1) and eight key groups when you configure a VPN rule (see Section on page 137). The ID
type and content act as an extra level of identification for incoming SAs.
The type of ID can be a domain name, an IP address or an e-mail address. The content is the IP
address, domain name, or e-mail address.
8.12.7.1 ID Type and Content Examples
Two IPSec routers must have matching ID type and content configuration in order to set up a VPN
tunnel.
The two WiMAX Devices in this example can complete negotiation and establish a VPN tunnel.
The two WiMAX Devices in this example cannot complete their negotiation because WiMAX Device
B’s Local ID type is IP, but WiMAX Device A’s Remote ID type is set to E-mail. An “ID
mismatched” message displays in the IPSEC LOG.
Table 63 Local ID Type and Content Fields
LOCAL ID TYPE= CONTENT=
IP Type the IP address of your computer.
DNS Type a domain name (up to 31 characters) by which to identify this WiMAX
Device.
E-mail Type an e-mail address (up to 31 characters) by which to identify this WiMAX
Device.
The domain name or e-mail address that you use in the Local ID Content field
is used for identification purposes only and does not need to be a real domain
name or e-mail address.
Table 64 Matching ID Type and Content Configuration Example
WiMAX Device A WiMAX Device B
Local ID type: E-mail Local ID type: IP
Local ID content: tom@yourcompany.com Local ID content: 1.1.1.2
Remote ID type: IP Remote ID type: E-mail
Remote ID content: 1.1.1.2 Remote ID content: tom@yourcompany.com
Table 65 Mismatching ID Type and Content Configuration Example
WIMAX DEVICE A WIMAX DEVICE B
Local ID type: IP Local ID type: IP
Local ID content: 1.1.1.10 Local ID content: 1.1.1.2
Remote ID type: E-mail Remote ID type: IP
Remote ID content: aa@yahoo.com Remote ID content: 1.1.1.0
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8.12.8 Pre-Shared Key
A pre-shared key identifies a communicating party during a phase 1 IKE negotiation (see Section
8.12.3 on page 146 for more on IKE phases). It is called “pre-shared” because you have to share it
with another party before you can communicate with them over a secure connection.
8.12.9 Diffie-Hellman (DH) Key Groups
Diffie-Hellman (DH) is a public-key cryptography protocol that allows two parties to establish a
shared secret over an unsecured communications channel. Diffie-Hellman is used within IKE SA
setup to establish session keys. 768-bit, 1024-bit 1536-bit, 2048-bit, and 3072-bit Diffie-Hellman
groups are supported. Upon completion of the Diffie-Hellman exchange, the two peers have a
shared secret, but the IKE SA is not authenticated. For authentication, use pre-shared keys.
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CHAPTER 9
The VoIP General Screens
9.1 VoIP Overview
The features mentioned in this chapter are for models that has phone port(s) and you can make
telephone calls over the Internet using the WiMAX Device.
The VOICE > General screens allow you to set up global SIP and Quality of Service (QoS) settings.
VoIP (Voice over IP) is the sending of voice signals over the Internet Protocol. This allows you to
make phone calls and send faxes over the Internet at a fraction of the cost of using the traditional
circuit-switched telephone network. You can also use servers to run telephone service applications
like PBX services and voice mail. Internet Telephony Service Provider (ITSP) companies provide
VoIP service. A company could alternatively set up an IP-PBX and provide it’s own VoIP service.
Circuit-switched telephone networks require 64 kilobits per second (kbps) in each direction to
handle a telephone call. VoIP can use advanced voice coding techniques with compression to reduce
the required bandwidth.
9.1.1 What You Need to Know
The following terms and concepts may help as you read through this chapter.
Voice Coding
A codec (coder/decoder) codes analog voice signals into digital signals and decodes the digital
signals back into voice signals. The WiMAX Device supports the following codecs.
•G.711 is a Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) waveform codec. PCM measures analog signal
amplitudes at regular time intervals (sampling) and converts them into digital bits (quantization).
Quantization “reads” the analog signal and then “writes” it to the nearest digital value. For this
reason, a digital sample is usually slightly different from its analog original (this difference is
known as “quantization noise”). G.711 provides excellent sound quality but requires 64kbps of
bandwidth.
•G.729 is an Analysis-by-Synthesis (AbS) hybrid waveform codec. It uses a filter based on
information about how the human vocal tract produces sounds. The codec analyzes the incoming
voice signal and attempts to synthesize it using its list of voice elements. It tests the synthesized
signal against the original and, if it is acceptable, transmits details of the voice elements it used
to make the synthesis. Because the codec at the receiving end has the same list, it can exactly
recreate the synthesized audio signal.G.729 provides good sound quality and reduces the
required bandwidth to 8kbps.
Quality of Service (QoS)
Quality of Service (QoS) refers to both a network's ability to deliver data with minimum delay and
the networking methods used to provide bandwidth for real-time multimedia applications.
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Type Of Service (ToS)
Network traffic can be classified by setting the ToS (Type Of Service) values at the data source (for
example, at the WiMAX Device) so a server can decide the best method of delivery, that is the least
cost, fastest route and so on. The ToS field is consist of 8 bits. The first 3 bits indicate the priority of
the packet.
DiffServ
DiffServ is a class of service (CoS) model that marks packets so that they receive specific per-hop
treatment at DiffServ-compliant network devices along the route based on the application types
and traffic flow. Packets are marked with DiffServ Code Points (DSCPs) indicating the level of
service desired. This allows the intermediary DiffServ-compliant network devices to handle the
packets differently depending on the code points without the need to negotiate paths or remember
state information for every flow. In addition, applications do not have to request a particular service
or give advanced notice of where the traffic is going.
DiffServ uses the first 6 bits of the 8-bit ToS value so that it can be backward compatible with non-
DiffServ compliant but ToS-enabled network device. See Section 9.6.1 on page 156 for more
information.
SIP
The Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) is an application-layer control (signaling) protocol that handles
the setting up, altering and tearing down of voice and multimedia sessions over the Internet. SIP
signaling is separate from the media for which it handles sessions. The media that is exchanged
during the session can use a different path from that of the signaling. SIP handles telephone calls
and can interface with traditional circuit-switched telephone networks.
RTP
When you make a VoIP call using SIP, the RTP (Real time Transport Protocol) is used to handle voice
data transfer. See RFC 1889 for details on RTP.
Speed Dial
Speed dial provides shortcuts for dialing frequently used phone numbers. You can map a phone
number to a self-defined key(s) and then use that key(s) to call the phone number. For example,
you can map 123456 to #01. When you press #01 it means that you press 123456.
9.1.2 Before you Begin
• Ensure that you have all of your voice account information on hand. If not, contact your voice
account service provider to find out which settings in this chapter you should configure in order
to use your telephone with the WiMAX Device.
• Connect your WiMAX Device to the Internet, as described in the Quick Start Guide. If you have
not already done so, then you will not be able to test your VoIP settings.
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9.2 Media
Click VoIP > General > Media to set up and maintain global VoIP settings.
Figure 84 Media
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 66 Media
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Port Range
Media Port Start
Media Port End
Enter the listening port number(s) for RTP traffic on the WiMAX Device, if your
VoIP service provider gave you this information. Otherwise, keep the default
values.
To enter one port number, enter the port number in the both Media Port Start
and Media Port End fields.
To enter a range of ports, enter the beginning port number of the range in the
Media Port Start field and the ending port number in the Media Port End field.
Codec Packetization Time Settings
G.711, G.729 Select how often (10 to 60 msecs) the WiMAX Device sends an RTP packet for
each type of voice coder/decoder (codec) G.711 and G.729.
Advanced
Voice Jitter Buffer
Type Voice jitter is a variation in delay of RTP packets delivery. This could cause
strange sound effects. The WiMAX Device can utilize the following types of jitter
buffer to minimize the effects of jitter.
Dynamic - Jitter buffer size is dynamically changed by RTP packets delivery
status.
Static - Jitter buffer size is fixed.
Voice Jitter Buffer
Length Select the maximum number of milliseconds of voice traffic the WiMAX Device
can help to smooth out the jitter in order to ensure good voice quality for your
conversations.
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9.3 QoS
This section describes the features of the Quality of Service (QoS) screen.
Click VoIP > General > QoS to set up Type of Service (ToS) and Differentiated Services (Diffserv)
settings for voice traffic transmission through the WiMAX Device.
Figure 85 QoS
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Packet Loss
Concealment Packets may be dropped due to an overwhelming amount of traffic on the
network. Some degree of packet loss will not be noticeable to the end user, but
as packet loss increases the quality of sound degrades. Select this to have the
WiMAX Device to improve the voice quality when packet loss occurs.
T.38 Static Jitter
Length T.38 is an ITU-T standard that VoIP devices use to send fax messages over the
Internet.
Select the number of milliseconds for the jitter buffer size used for transmitting
T.38 fax messages.
Table 66 Media (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Table 67 QoS
LABEL DESCRIPTION
SIP ToS/DiffServ Enter the DSCP value you want to mark on all outgoing SIP packets generated by
the WiMAX Device for DiffServ-enabled networks. Since DiffServ uses the first 6
bits of the 8-bit IP ToS field to represent the DSCP value, enter here the 6-bit
DSCP value you want to mark in hexadecimal (in a format of 0x00), and the
WiMAX Device will then automatically append 2 bits '0' to make a whole 8-bit
ToS field value for all outgoing SIP packets.
For example, if you enter 0x2E, it is 101110 in binary for DSCP. The WiMAX
Device converts it to 10111000 in binary and marks on the IP ToS field of all the
outgoing SIP packets.
RTP ToS/DiffServ Enter the DSCP value you want to mark on all outgoing VoIP data packets
(including both RTP and T.38 UDPTL packets) generated by the WiMAX Device for
DiffServ-enabled networks.
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9.4 SIP Settings
Click VoIP > General > SIP to set up session timer on the WiMAX Device. See Section 10.8 on
page 167 for more information on SIP.
Figure 86 SIP
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
9.5 Speed Dial
Speed dial allows you to use a shorter number for dialing frequently used phone numbers.
Click VoIP > General > Speed Dial to add, edit, or remove speed-dial rules.
Figure 87 Speed Dial
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 68 SIP
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Session Timer
Enable Select this to activate the WiMAX Device’s SIP Session Timer. SIP Session Timer
is a function used by both of the communication peers to determine if the call
session is still active (alive) or not. It uses the method specified in the following
Refresh Method field to periodically refresh the SIP sessions.
Refresh Method Select the method to be used for periodically refreshing SIP sessions, to
determine if the session is still active. Select UPDATE to use Update requests to
refresh the session and select INVITE to use Re-Invite requests. You should use
the same method as the peer device.
The Update method uses less overhead than Re-Invite, but is not as widely
supported as Re-Invite. By default the WiMAX Device is set to use the UPDATE
method. When set to UPDATE, the WiMAX Device can also revert to using the
INVITE method for SIP session refresh, depending on the method supported
and allowed by the peer device.
Table 69 Speed Dial
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Speed Dial Rules - This is a list of speed dial numbers. To edit an existing speed dial rule, you can
click the row for the rule and editable fields will appear.
Active This field displays whether the rule is activated or not.
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9.6 Technical Reference
The following section contains additional technical information about the WiMAX Device features
described in this chapter.
9.6.1 DSCP and Per-Hop Behavior
DiffServ defines a new DS (Differentiated Services) field to replace the Type of Service (TOS) field
in the IP header. The DS field contains a 2-bit unused field and a 6-bit DSCP field which can define
up to 64 service levels. The following figure illustrates the DS field.
Figure 88 DiffServ: Differentiated Service Field
DSCP is backward compatible with the three precedence bits in the ToS octet so that non-DiffServ
compliant, ToS-enabled network device will not conflict with the DSCP mapping.
The DSCP value determines the forwarding behavior, the PHB (Per-Hop Behavior), that each packet
gets across the DiffServ network. Based on the marking rule, different kinds of traffic can be
marked for different priorities of forwarding. Resources can then be allocated according to the DSCP
values and the configured policies.
Short Number This field displays the abbreviated number you want to use to substitute for the
real (actual) phone number in the following Real Number field.
When the rule is activated, you can press the assigned Short Number to dial the
Real Number.
Real Number This field displays the actual phone number you want the WiMAX Device to call
when you use the specified Short Number.
Enter the actual phone number you want the WiMAX Device to call when you use
the specified Short Number if you are editing the entry.
Notes This field displays additional information for this speed-dial rule.
Enter additional information or any remark for this speed-dial rule if your are
editing the entry.
Remove Click this to remove the rule.
Add Click this to add a new speed-dial rule.
OK Click this to save the changes you made in this table.
Table 69 Speed Dial (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
DSCP
(6-bit)
Unused
(2-bit)
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CHAPTER 10
The VoIP Account Screens
10.1 Overview
The features mentioned in this chapter are for models with VoIP function.
Use the VoIP > Account 1 (or Account 2) screens to configure your VoIP account information on
the WiMAX Device. You need to have a VoIP account set up first.
Note: If your WiMAX Device has only one phone port, there is only one account.
Note: You can identify the number of phone ports available on your WiMAX Device by its
model name. See Section 1.1 on page 17 for more information.
10.1.1 What You Need to Know
The following terms and concepts may help as you read through this chapter.
SIP Identities
A SIP account uses an identity (sometimes referred to as a SIP address). A complete SIP identity is
called a SIP URI (Uniform Resource Identifier). A SIP account's URI identifies the SIP account in a
way similar to the way an e-mail address identifies an e-mail account. The format of a SIP identity
is SIP-Number@SIP-Service-Domain.
SIP Number
The SIP number is the part of the SIP URI that comes before the “@” symbol. A SIP number can
use letters like in an e-mail address (johndoe@your-ITSP.com for example) or numbers like a
telephone number (1122334455@VoIP-provider.com for example).
SIP Service Domain
The SIP service domain of the VoIP service provider (the company that lets you make phone calls
over the Internet) is the domain name in a SIP URI. For example, if the SIP address is
1122334455@VoIP-provider.com, then “VoIP-provider.com” is the SIP service domain.
SIP Register Server
A SIP register server maintains a database of SIP identity-to-IP address (or domain name)
mapping. The register server checks your user name and password when you register.
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SIP User Agent
A SIP user agent can make and receive VoIP telephone calls. This means that SIP can be used for
peer-to-peer communications even though it is a client-server protocol. In the following figure,
either A or B can act as a SIP user agent client to initiate a call. A and B can also both act as a SIP
user agent to receive the call.
Figure 89 SIP User Agent
SIP Proxy Server
A SIP proxy server receives requests from clients and forwards them to another server.
In the following example, you want to use client device A to call someone who is using client device
C.
1The client device (A in the figure) sends a call invitation to the SIP proxy server (B).
2The SIP proxy server forwards the call invitation to C.
Figure 90 SIP Proxy Server
STUN
STUN (Simple Traversal of User Datagram Protocol (UDP) through Network Address Translators)
allows the WiMAX Device to find the presence and types of NAT routers and/or firewalls between it
and the public Internet. STUN also allows the WiMAX Device to find the public IP address that NAT
assigned, so the WiMAX Device can embed it in the SIP data stream. STUN does not work with
symmetric NAT routers or firewalls. See RFC 3489 for details on STUN.
The following figure shows how STUN works.
1The WiMAX Device (A) sends SIP packets to the STUN server (B).
2The STUN server (B) finds the public IP address and port number that the NAT router used on the
WiMAX Device’s SIP packets and sends them to the WiMAX Device.
AB
AC
B
12
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3The WiMAX Device uses the public IP address and port number in the SIP packets that it sends to
the SIP server (C).
Figure 91 STUN
Outbound Proxy
Your VoIP service provider may host a SIP outbound proxy server to handle all of the WiMAX
Device’s VoIP traffic. This allows the WiMAX Device to work with any type of NAT router and
eliminates the need for STUN or a SIP ALG. Turn off a SIP ALG on a NAT router in front of the
WiMAX Device to keep it from retranslating the IP address (since this is already handled by the
outbound proxy server).
NAT and SIP
The WiMAX Device must register its public IP address with a SIP register server. If there is a NAT
router between the WiMAX Device and the SIP register server, the WiMAX Device probably has a
private IP address. The WiMAX Device lists its IP address in the SIP message that it sends to the
SIP register server. NAT does not translate this IP address in the SIP message. The SIP register
server gets the WiMAX Device’s IP address from inside the SIP message and maps it to your SIP
identity. If the WiMAX Device has a private IP address listed in the SIP message, the SIP server
cannot map it to your SIP identity.
Use a SIP ALG (Application Layer Gateway), STUN, or outbound proxy to allow the WiMAX Device to
list its public IP address in the SIP messages.
DTMF
Dual-Tone Multi-Frequency (DTMF) telephone call signaling uses pairs of frequencies (one lower
frequency and one higher frequency) to set up calls. It is also known as Touch Tone. Each of the
keys on a DTMF telephone corresponds to a different pair of frequencies.
Supplementary Phone Services Overview
Supplementary services such as call hold, call waiting, call transfer, etc. are generally available from
your VoIP service provider. The WiMAX Device supports the following services:
• Call Waiting
• Call Forwarding
•Caller ID
Note: To take full advantage of the supplementary phone services available though the
WiMAX Device's phone port, you may need to subscribe to the services from your
VoIP service provider.
A
12
3
NAT
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10.2 Status
Click VoIP > Account 1 (or Account 2) > Status to view VoIP settings and current status.
Figure 92 Status
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 70 Status
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Server Status
SIP Register This field displays the IP address (or domain name) and service port number of
the register server, if you have configured one.
SIP Service
Domain This field displays the SIP service domain and port number of the SIP server, if
you have configured one.
Proxy Server This field displays the IP address (or domain name) and service port number of
the SIP proxy server, if you have configured one.
Outbound
Server This field displays the IP address (or domain name) and service port number of
the outbound proxy server, if you have configured one.
Register
Status This field displays Disabled if the SIP account (set up in Section 10.4 on page
163) is disabled or de-registered from the registrar server. It displays
Registering (or Unregistering) after sending out the SIP register (or
unregister) message to make registration (or de-registration) at (or from) the
SIP registrar server.
If the registration fails, for example, rejected by SIP registrar server (due to
wrong authentication data) or timeout to get response from the server, Error
would be displayed. It displays Up if the SIP account is registered at the
registrar server successfully.
Line Status
Subscriber
Number This field displays the SIP phone number for the phone line.
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10.3 Server
Click VoIP > Account 1 (or Account 2) > Server to configure the registrar server, proxy server
and outbound proxy server for this SIP account.
Figure 93 Server
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Account
Status This indicates whether the SIP account is activated or not. Enable means
activated and Disable means deactivated.
Phone Status This field displays the phone status, such as Idle, Calling, Ringing,
Connecting, InCall, Hold, and Disconnecting.
Call History
Received call This field displays the number of calls you have received through the connected
phone since the WiMAX Device last restarted or was turned on.
Missing call This field displays the number of calls you have missed since the WiMAX Device
last restarted or was turned on.
Outgoing call This field displays the number of calls you have made through the connected
phone since the WiMAX Device last restarted or was turned on.
Connect Click this to register the WiMAX Device to the specified register server.
Disconnect Click this to de-register the WiMAX Device with the register server.
Table 70 Status (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Table 71 Server
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Registrar Server
Registrar
Server Enter the IP address or domain name of a register server. You can use up to 63
printable ASCII characters.
Port Number Enter the SIP server’s listening port number. Keep the default value, if you are
not sure of this value.
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SIP Service
Domain Enter the IP address or domain name of a SIP server, if your VoIP service
provider gave you one.
Otherwise, enter the same address that you have entered in the Registrar
Server field. You can use up to 63 printable ASCII characters.
Register
Period Time Enter the registration expiry time in seconds for the SIP account specified in
Section 10.4 on page 163. The allowable range is 60~65535 seconds. However,
this value is just a default preference value by user, the actual registration expiry
time used by the SIP account is determined by the registrar server after the
registration process.
Once the SIP account has registered at the registrar server successfully, the
WiMAX Device will send a re-register message to keep alive the successfully
registered status at every half of the registration expiry time determined by the
registrar server.
If the keep-alive action failed, the register status described in Section 10.2 on
page 160 will become Error state and you can not make any call in this status.
However, after 512 seconds (fixed value), the WiMAX Device will send a register
message again to try to recover a successfully registered status.
Proxy Server
Proxy Server Enter the IP address or domain name of the SIP proxy server provided by your
VoIP service provider. You can use up to 63 printable ASCII characters.
Port Number Enter the SIP proxy server’s listening port number, if your VoIP service provider
gave you one. Otherwise, keep the default value.
Outbound Server
Outbound
Server Enter the IP address or domain name of the outbound proxy server provided by
your VoIP service provider. You can use up to 63 printable ASCII characters. If
you choose not to use an outbound proxy server, set this to 0.0.0.0.
Port Number Enter the outbound proxy’s listening port number, if your VoIP service provider
gave you one. Otherwise, leave it as the default ‘5060’.
If the outbound proxy is disabled (set to 0.0.0.0), then this port will be ignored.
Table 71 Server (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
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10.4 SIP
Click VoIP > Account 1 (or Account 2) > SIP to configure SIP settings.
Figure 94 SIP
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 72 SIP
LABEL DESCRIPTION
SIP Account
Enable Select this if you want the WiMAX Device to use this account. Clear it if you do
not want the WiMAX Device to use this account.
SIP Local Port Enter the WiMAX Device’s listening port number, if your VoIP service provider
gave you one. Otherwise, keep the default value.
Subscriber
Number Enter your SIP number. In the full SIP URI, this is the part before the @
symbol. You can use up to 1-31 printable ASCII characters.
Authentication
Name Type the SIP user name associated with this account for authentication to the
SIP register server.
This field can be 1-31 printable characters (A-Z, a-z, 0-9).
Password Type the SIP password associated with this account. This field can be 0-31
printable characters (A-Z, a-z, 0-9), underscores (_), pluses (+), periods (.),
and “at” symbols (@).
Codec Settings
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1st Codec, 2nd
Codec, 3rd
Codec
Select the WiMAX Device’s first, second, and third choices of the type of voice
coder/decoder (codec) that you want the phone line to use when
communicating with the SIP server. The following codecs (shown in highest
quality to lowest quality order) are supported by the WiMAX Device:
• G.711 aLaw (typically used in Europe)
• G.711 muLaw (typically used in North America and Japan)
• G.729
You can also select NONE for the 2nd and 3rd codecs if your VoIP service
provider only gave you one or two codec settings.
When two SIP devices start a SIP session, they must agree on a codec.
Session Timer
Min Session
Timer Enter the minimum session expiry time in seconds. The allowable range is
90~65535 seconds.
When an incoming call requests a session expiry time that is lower than this
value, the WiMAX Device will respond with a "423 session timer too small"
message and tell the peer to use this value as the minimum bound.
Session Timer Enter the session expiry time in seconds for all phone connections on this
trunk. The allowable range is 120~65535 seconds. This value cannot be lower
than the Min Session Timer.
The WiMAX Device will use INVITE or UPDATE method to keep alive a session
every half of the session expiry time during a call.
If the keep-alive action is successful, the WiMAX Device will re-start the timer
and do another keep-alive action after it reaches half of the session expiry
time.
If the keep-alive action failed, the call will terminate automatically.
See Section 9.4 on page 155 to configure the Refresh Method with the INVITE
or UPDATE method.
Table 72 SIP (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
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10.5 Feature
Click VoIP > Account 1 (or Account 2) > Feature to configure advanced VoIP features such as
DTMF, Call Forwarding and Call Waiting.
Figure 95 Feature
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 73 Feature
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Feature Settings
Block
Anonymous Call Select this to have the WiMAX Device block all incoming calls from phone that
do not send caller ID.
Do Not Disturb
(DND) Select this to have the WiMAX Device not forward calls to the phone line while
processing incoming calls. Thus, for any incoming call, the remote peer can
hear ringback tone, but the phone connected on the WiMAX Device would not
ring. Meanwhile, the WiMAX Device can still make outgoing calls as usual.
Note: The DND function should be used very carefully, since enabling DND
makes the WiMAX Device not forward any incoming call to the phone
line so the user would never know whether there are any incoming calls.
Hide User ID
(Make
Anonymous
Call)
Select this to not have your Caller ID (number) displayed on the callee's
screen.
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10.6 Dialing
Click VoIP > Account 1 (or Account 2) > Dialing to configure dialing timeout values.
Figure 96 Dialing
MWI (Message
Waiting
Indication)
Select this to enable Message Waiting Indicator (MWI) function for this SIP
account specified in Section 10.4 on page 163. When there is at least one new
voice mail for the SIP account, the voice LED turns yellow and the WiMAX
Device sends a beeping tone to the phone while user picks-up the phone to
make calls.
DTMF
DTMF Control how the WiMAX Device handles the DTMF tone relay to the
communication peer. The DTMF tone is generated by the phone when you push
its digit buttons during a call. One application is to send numbers when trying
to do IVR (Interactive Voice Response) service with server.
You should use the same mode as your VoIP service provider. The choices are:
• Out-of-band(RFC 2833) - Follow the RFC 2833 standard and send the
DTMF tones in RTP packets.
• In Band - Send the DTMF tones in the voice data stream. This works best
when you are using a codec that does not use compression (like G.711).
Codecs that use compression (like G.729) can distort the tones.
SIP INFO Select this to have the WiMAX Device send the DTMF tones in SIP messages.
Call Forward Setting
Unconditional
CF,
Unconditional
CF Target
Select this if you want the WiMAX Device to forward all incoming calls to the
specified phone number, regardless of other rules in this Call Forward Setting
section. Specify the phone number in the Unconditional CF Target field.
Note: The Unconditional CF function should be used very carefully, since
enabling this function makes the WiMAX Device forward all incoming
calls to another phone number, so the user would never know if there are
any incoming calls.
Busy CF,
Busy CF Target Select this if you want the WiMAX Device to forward incoming calls to the
specified phone number if the phone port is busy. Specify the phone number in
the Busy CF Target field. If you have call waiting, the incoming call is
forwarded to the specified phone number if you reject or ignore the second
incoming call.
No Answer CF,
No Answer CF
Target, No
Answer CF
Waiting Time
Select this if you want the WiMAX Device to forward incoming calls to the
specified phone number if the call is unanswered. Specify the phone number in
the No Answer CF Target field on the right. Specify the time to wait before
forwarding incoming calls in the No Answer CF Waiting Time field.
Call Waiting Setting
Call Waiting Select this to enable call waiting for this SIP account on the WiMAX Device.
Call Waiting
Reject Time Enter time to wait before rejecting a call when call waiting is enabled.
Table 73 Feature (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
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The following table describes the labels in this screen.
10.7 FAX
Click VoIP > Account 1 (or Account 2) > FAX to configure which standard the account uses for
fax services.
Figure 97 FAX
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
10.8 Technical Reference
The following section contains additional technical information about the WiMAX Device features
described in this chapter.
10.8.1 SIP Call Progression with Session Timer
The following figure displays the basic steps in the setup and tear down of a SIP call with session
timer supported by both peers. The UPDATE method is used to refresh the session. A calls B and
Table 74 Dialing
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Inter-digit
Timeout Set the time in seconds (1~5) the WiMAX Device waits for each digit input of a
complete callee number after you press the first key on the phone.
If the WiMAX Device cannot receive the next digit entered within this time
period, the WiMAX Device processes digits you have dialed.
First-digit
Timeout Set the number of seconds (5~30) for the WiMAX Device to wait for you to
start dialing a number after you pick up the telephone receiver. If you do not
dial any number within that time period, the dial tone becomes a busy signal.
Put back the receiver and pick it up again if you want to make a new call.
Table 75 FAX
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Options Select which standard the WiMAX Device uses to handle faxes. The peer devices must
also use standard.
G.711A Pass Through - Select this option to send and receive fax messages over the
network or Internet using VoIP (G.711a). By encoding fax data as audio data, faxes
may be susceptible to packet loss and other errors. However, as this standard is
considerably older than T.38, it is more compatible with older obsolete systems.
T.38 FAX Relay - WiMAX Device encodes fax messages to T.38 packets and sends as
UDP packets through IP networks. This provides better quality, but it may have
interoperability problems.
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uses proxy server P. Messages include Session Expiry (SE) and Minimum Session Expiry (MSE) time
values. When the duration of the call reaches half of the SE time period, the session is refreshed.
Table 76 SIP Call Progression
A P B
1. INVITE
SE: 60
------------------>
2. 422
MSE: 3600
<-----------------------
3. ACK
------------------>
4. INVITE
SE: 3600
MSE: 3600
------------------>
5. INVITE
SE: 3600
MSE: 3600
------------------------>
6. INVITE
SE: 3600
MSE: 3600
-------------------->
7. OK
SE: 3600
<-------------------
8. OK
SE: 3600
<------------------------
9. OK
SE: 3600
<------------------
10. ACK
------------------>
11. ACK
------------------------> -------------------->
12. Dialogue (voice traffic)
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1A sends a SIP INVITE request. This message is an invitation for B to participate in a SIP telephone
call. A’s INVITE specifies a SE of 60 seconds.
2A’s request arrives at P but is below the minimum allowed value of 3600, so it is rejected with a 422
message, which contains the MSE of 3600.
3A sends an ACK to acknowledge the message was received.
4A retries the INVITE request with SE of 3600 and MSE of 3600.
5The SE in the new INVITE is acceptable so P forwards it to B.
6B receives the INVITE.
7B responds with an OK message which includes the SE of 3600.
8P forwards the OK message to A.
9A receives the OK.
10 A then sends an ACK message to acknowledge that the call is established completely.
11 The proxy server forwards the ACK message to B.
12 Now A and B exchange voice media (talk).
13 After around half of the SE time period is reached, or 1800 seconds in this case, A sends an UPDATE
request to refresh the session.
13. UPDATE
SE: 3600
------------------>
14. UPDATE
SE:3600
-----------------------> -------------------->
<----------------------
15. OK
SE: 3600
<-------------------
16. OK
SE: 3600
<------------------
17. BYE
------------------>
18. OK
<-------------------
Table 76 SIP Call Progression (continued)
A P B
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14 The UPDATE request is forwarded by P to B.
15 B receives the UPDATE request and responds with an OK message.
16 The OK message is received by A.
17 After talking, A hangs up and sends a BYE request.
18 B replies with an OK response confirming receipt of the BYE request and the call is terminated.
10.8.2 SIP Client Server
SIP is a client-server protocol. A SIP client is an application program or device that sends SIP
requests. A SIP server responds to the SIP requests.
When you use SIP to make a VoIP call, it originates at a client and terminates at a server. A SIP
client could be a computer or a SIP phone. One device can act as both a SIP client and a SIP server.
For more information on the SIP protocol, please refer to RFC 3261.
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CHAPTER 11
The VoIP Line Screens
11.1 Overview
The features mentioned in this chapter are for models with VoIP function.
The VoIP > Line 1 (or Line 2) screens allow you to configure the volume, echo cancellation, VAD
settings and custom tones for the phone port which maps to the SIP account (see Chapter 10 on
page 157).
Note: If your WiMAX Device has only one phone port, there is only one line.
Note: You can identify the number of phone ports available on your WiMAX Device by its
model name. See Section 1.1 on page 17 for more information.
11.1.1 What You Need to Know
The following terms and concepts may help as you read through this chapter.
Voice Activity Detection/Silence Suppression/Comfort Noise
Voice Activity Detection (VAD) detects whether or not speech is present. This lets the WiMAX Device
reduce the bandwidth that a call uses by not transmitting “silent packets” when you are not
speaking.
When using VAD, the WiMAX Device generates comfort noise when the other party is not speaking.
The comfort noise lets you know that the line is still connected as total silence could easily be
mistaken for a lost connection.
Echo Cancellation
G.168 is an ITU-T standard for eliminating the echo caused by the sound of your voice
reverberating in the telephone receiver while you talk.
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11.2 Phone
Click VoIP > Line 1 (or Line 2) > Phone to configure phone related settings.
Figure 98 Phone
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
11.3 Voice
Click VoIP > Line 1 (or Line 2) > Voice to configure voice settings.
Figure 99 Voice
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 77 Phone
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Phone
Hook Flash Detect
Upper Bound Enter the number of milliseconds for the upper bound of a quick on-hook and off-
hook cycle in order to recognize a hook flash event.
Hook Flash Detect
Lower Bound Enter the number of milliseconds for the lower bound of a quick on-hook and off-
hook cycle in order to recognize a hook flash event.
Voice Tx Level Select the volume level transmitted by the WiMAX Device. -9 is the quietest, and
9 is the loudest.
Voice Rx Level Select the volume level transmitted to the WiMAX Device. -9 is the quietest, and
9 is the loudest.
Table 78 Voice
LABEL DESCRIPTION
VAD - Voice Activity Detection
Enable VAD Enable Voice Active Detector (VAD) to have the WiMAX Device stop transmitting
voice traffic when you are not speaking using the detection method. This reduces
the bandwidth the WiMAX Device uses.
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11.4 Region
Click VoIP > Line 1 (or Line 2) > Region to maintain settings that depend on which region of the
world the WiMAX Device is in.
Figure 100 Region
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
LEC - Line Echo Cancellation
Line Echo
Canceller Tail
Length
Select the maximum number of milliseconds of an echo length (16 ms, 32 ms or
48 ms) the WiMAX Device can handle and eliminate the effect. An echo is
normally caused by the sound of your voice reverberating in the telephone
receiver while you talk. Select Disable to turn this feature off.
Table 78 Voice (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Table 79 Region
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Country Profile Select the place in which the WiMAX Device is located, USA (Default) or any
other country.
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WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide 175
CHAPTER 12
Maintenance
12.1 Overview
Use these screens to manage and maintain your WiMAX Device.
12.1.1 What You Need to Know
The following terms and concepts may help as you read through this chapter.
Remote Management Limitations
Remote management over LAN or WAN will not work when:
1You have disabled that service in one of the remote management screens.
2The IP address in the Secured Client IP field does not match the client IP address. If it does not
match, the WiMAX Device will disconnect the session immediately.
3There is already another remote management session with an equal or higher priority running. You
may only have one remote management session running at one time.
Remote Management and NAT
When NAT is enabled:
• Use the WiMAX Device’s WAN IP address when configuring from the WAN.
•Use the WiMAX Device’s LAN IP address when configuring from the LAN.
System Timeout
There is a default system management idle timeout of five minutes. The WiMAX Device
automatically logs you out if the management session remains idle for longer than this timeout
period. The management session does not time out when a statistics screen is polling.
SNMP
Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) is a protocol used for exchanging management
information between network devices. SNMP is a member of the TCP/IP protocol suite. Your WiMAX
Device supports SNMP agent functionality, which allows a manager station to manage and monitor
the WiMAX Device through the network. The WiMAX Device supports SNMP version one (SNMPv1)
and version two (SNMPv2). The next figure illustrates an SNMP management operation.
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Note: SNMP is only available if TCP/IP is configured.
TR-069
TR-069 is an abbreviation of “Technical Reference 069”, a protocol designed to facilitate the remote
management of Customer Premise Equipment (CPE), such as the WiMAX Device. It can be
managed over a WAN by means of an Auto Configuration Server (ACS). TR-069 is based on sending
Remote Procedure Calls (RPCs) between the ACS and the client device. RPCs are sent in Extensible
Markup Language (XML) format over HTTP or HTTPS.
An administrator can use an ACS to remotely set up the WiMAX Device, modify its settings, perform
firmware upgrades, and monitor and diagnose it. In order to do so, you must enable the TR-069
feature on your WiMAX Device and then configure it appropriately. (The ACS server which it will use
must also be configured by its administrator.)
Figure 101 TR-069 Example
In this example, the WiMAX Device receives data from at least 3 sources: A SIP server for handling
voice calls, an HTTP server for handling web services, and an ACS, for configuring the WiMAX
Device remotely. All three servers are owned and operated by the client’s Internet Service Provider.
However, without the configuration settings from the ACS, the WiMAX Device cannot access the
other two servers. Once the WiMAX Device receives its configuration settings and implements
them, it can connect to the other servers. If the settings change, it will once again be unable to
connect until it receives its updates from the ACS.
The WiMAX Device can be configured to periodically check for updates from the auto-configuration
server so that the end user need not be worried about it.
SIP
ACS
HTTP
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SNMP
An SNMP managed network consists of two main types of component: agents and a manager.
Figure 102 SNMP Management Model
An agent is a management software module that resides in a managed device (the WiMAX Device).
An agent translates the local management information from the managed device into a form
compatible with SNMP. The manager is the console through which network administrators perform
network management functions. It executes applications that control and monitor managed
devices.
The managed devices contain object variables/managed objects that define each piece of
information to be collected about a device. Examples of variables include such as number of
packets received, node port status etc. A Management Information Base (MIB) is a collection of
managed objects. SNMP allows a manager and agents to communicate for the purpose of accessing
these objects. The WiMAX Device supports MIB II that is defined in RFC-1213 and RFC-1215. The
focus of the MIBs is to let administrators collect statistical data and monitor status and
performance.
SNMP itself is a simple request/response protocol based on the manager/agent model. The
manager issues a request and the agent returns responses using the following protocol operations:
• Get - Allows the manager to retrieve an object variable from the agent.
• GetNext - Allows the manager to retrieve the next object variable from a table or list within an
agent. In SNMPv1, when a manager wants to retrieve all elements of a table from an agent, it
initiates a Get operation, followed by a series of GetNext operations.
• Set - Allows the manager to set values for object variables within an agent.
• Trap - Used by the agent to inform the manager of some events.
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The WiMAX Device sends traps to the SNMP manager when any of the following events occurs:
OMA-DM
When the WiMAX Device initiates communication with the server (often times at start up or after
the first time you turn it on), the server uploads commands, new files (if any), and other
information used by a service provider to customize the WiMAX Device’s features.
Device management works as follows:
1The server (A) sends out the query (1) to the WiMAX Device (B).
2The WiMAX Device responds by sending back its credentials (2), to which the server responds with
its credentials along with a string of management operations (3).
3The client responds to the management operations (4), perhaps confirming file alterations or
confirming receipt of file uploads and so on.
4The server disconnects from the WiMAX Device once all of its management operations have been
carried out.
Figure 103 OMA-DM Data Management
OMA-DM Authentication
In order to ensure the integrity of the connection between an OMA-DM server and the WiMAX
Device, communication between the two is encoded using one of three common algorithms. They
are not intended to be used in lieu of proper digital security, but instead as a means of transmitting
Table 80 SNMP Traps
TRAP # TRAP NAME DESCRIPTION
0coldStart (defined in RFC-1215)A trap is sent after booting (power on).
1warmStart (defined in RFC-1215)A trap is sent after booting (software reboot).
4authenticationFailure (defined in
RFC-1215)A trap is sent to the manager when receiving any
SNMP get or set requirements with the wrong
community (password).
6whyReboot A trap is sent with the reason of restart before
rebooting when the system is going to restart (warm
start).
6a For intentional reboot: A trap is sent with the message "System reboot by
user!" if reboot is done intentionally, (for example,
download new files, CI command "sys reboot", etc.).
6b For fatal error: A trap is sent with the message of the fatal code if
the system reboots because of fatal errors.
A
B
1
2
3
4
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multiple disparate types of data over HTTP. Security encryption for communication is handled by
different processes configured elsewhere in the WiMAX Device’s web configurator
Basic Access Authentication – Sends a person’s user name and password in Base64. This
authentication protocol is supported by all browsers that are HTTP 1.0/1.1 compliant. Although
converted to Base64 for the sake of cross-compatibility, credentials are nonetheless passed
between the web browser and the server in plaintext, making it extremely easy to intercept and
read. As such, it is rarely used anymore.
Digest Access Authentication – This protocol was designed to replace basic access
authentication. Instead of encoding a user name and password in plaintext, this protocol uses what
is known as an MD5 message authentication code. It allows the server to issue a single-use,
randomly generated number (known as a ‘nonce’) to the client (in this case, the web browser),
which then uses the number as the ‘public key’ for encrypting its data. When the server receives
the encrypted data, it unlocks it using the ‘key’ that was just provided. While stronger than basic
access authentication, this protocol is not as strong as, say, HMAC, or as secure as the client using
a client-side private key encryption scheme.
Hash Message Authentication Code – Also known as HMAC, this code relies on cryptographic
hash functions to bolster an existing protocol, such as MD5. It is a method for generating a
stronger, significantly higher encryption key.
OMA-DM Data Model
Each device that conforms to the current OMA-DM standard has an identical data structure
embedded in its controlling firmware. This allows a similarly conforming OMA-DM server to navigate
the folder structure and to make file alterations where appropriate or required.
Figure 104 OMA-DM Data Model
In the example data model shown here, the parent folders must conform to the OMA-DM standard.
The child folders, on the other hand, can be customized on an individual basis. This allows the
parent folders to all maintain a consistent URI (Uniform Resource Identifier) across all devices that
meet the OMA-DM standard’s requirements.
For example, in the preceding figure the URI for the “Games” folder is “./Vendor/Games/”. The “./
Vendor/” portion of the URI exists on all devices that conform to the OMA-DM standard. The
“Games” folder, however, may or may not exist depending on the services provided by the company
managing the device.
Root Folder
./
DMAcc
Vendor
Operator
MP3s
Games
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Daytime
A network protocol used by devices for debugging and time measurement. A computer can use this
protocol to set its internal clock but only if it knows in which order the year, month, and day are
returned by the server. Not all servers use the same format.
Time
A network protocol for retrieving the current time from a server. The computer issuing the
command compares the time on its clock to the information returned by the server, adjusts itself
automatically for time zone differences, then calculates the difference and corrects itself if there
has been any temporal drift.
NTP
NTP stands for Network Time Protocol. It is employed by devices connected to the Internet in order
to obtain a precise time setting from an official time server. These time servers are accurate to
within 200 microseconds.
12.2 Password
Use this screen to set up admin and guest accounts for logging into and managing the WiMAX
Device. The “admin” user can access and configure all screens. The “guest” user can only perform
some basic settings such as viewing the system status information, configuring LAN, NAT, DDNS,
and Firewall settings and reset the WiMAX Device to factory defaults and restart the WiMAX Device.
Click Maintenance > Password to open this screen as shown next.
Figure 105 Password Screen
This screen contains the following fields:
Table 81 Password
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Group Select the group for which you want to change the login password.
Old Password Enter the old password for the login group.
New Password Enter the new password for the login group.
Retype Retype the new password for the login group.
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12.3 HTTP
Use this screen to allow remote access to the WiMAX Device from a network connection over HTTP.
Click Maintenance > Remote MGMT > HTTP to open this screen as shown next.
Figure 106 HTTP Screen
This screen contains the following fields:
12.4 Telnet
Use this screen to allow remote access to the WiMAX Device from a network connection over Telnet.
Table 82 HTTP
LABEL DESCRIPTION
HTTP Server
Enable Select this to enable remote management using this service.
Port Number Enter the port number this service can use to access the WiMAX Device. The
computer must use the same port number.
HTTPS Server
Enable Select this to enable remote management using this service.
Port Number Enter the port number this service can use to access the WiMAX Device. The
computer must use the same port number.
HTTP and HTTPS
Allow
Connection
from WAN
Select this to allow incoming connections from the WAN over either HTTP or
HTTPS.
HTTP Session Timeout
Session
Timeout Enter the number of minutes (0-99) the WiMAX Device waits to delete an
inactive web connection (HTTP or HTTPS).
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Click Maintenance > Remote MGMT > Telnet to open this screen as shown next.
Figure 107 Telnet Screen
This screen contains the following fields:
12.5 SSH
Use this screen to allow remote access to the WiMAX Device from a network connection over SSH.
Click Maintenance > Remote MGMT > SSH to open this screen as shown next.
Figure 108 SSH Screen
This screen contains the following fields:
Table 83 Telnet
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Enable Select this to enable remote management using this service.
Port Number Enter the port number this service can use to access the WiMAX Device. The
computer must use the same port number.
Allow Connection
from WAN Select this to allow connections using this service that originate on the WAN.
Allow Connection
from LAN Select this to allow connection using this service that originate on the LAN.
Table 84 SSH
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Enable Select this to enable remote management using this service.
Port Number Enter the port number this service can use to access the WiMAX Device. The
computer must use the same port number.
Allow Connection
from WAN Select this to allow connections using this service that originate on the WAN.
Allow Connection
from LAN Select this to allow connection using this service that originate on the LAN.
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12.6 SNMP
Use this screen to allow remote access to the WiMAX Device from a network connection over SNMP.
Click Maintenance > Remote MGMT > SNMP to open this screen as shown next.
Figure 109 SNMP Screen
This screen contains the following fields:
12.7 CWMP
Use this screen to allow CWMP connections for remote management, firmware upgrades and
troubleshooting.
Table 85 SNMP
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Enable Select this to enable remote management using this service.
Location Enter the location of the SNMP server (for example, “Engineering Dept., Floor 6,
Building A, New York City”).
Contact Enter contact information for the administrator managing the SNMP server (for
example, “Bill Smith, IT Dept., (555) 555-5454”).
Read Community Enter the password for the incoming Get and GetNext requests from the
management station. The default is public and allows all requests.
Write Community Enter the password for incoming Set requests from the management station.
The default is public and allows all requests.
Trap Server Enter the IP address of the station to send your SNMP traps to.
Trap Community Enter the trap community, which is the password sent with each trap to the
SNMP manager. The default is public and allows all requests.
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Click Maintenance > Remote MGMT > CWMP to open this screen as shown next.
Figure 110 CWMP Screen
This screen contains the following fields:
Table 86 CWMP
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Enable Select this to enable remote management using this service.
ACS Server URL Enter the URL or IP address of the auto-configuration server.
Bootstrap Enable Select this to enable bootstrap events.
ACS Username Enter the user name sent when the WiMAX Device connects to the ACS and
which is used for authentication.
You can enter up to 31 alphanumeric characters (a-z, A-Z, 0-9) and underscores
but spaces are not allowed.
ACS Password Enter the password sent when the WiMAX Device connects to an ACS and which
is used for authentication.
You can enter up to 31 alphanumeric characters (a-z, A-Z, 0-9) and underscores
but spaces are not allowed.
Periodical Inform
Enable Select this to allow the WiMAX Device to periodically connect to the ACS and
check for configuration updates.
If you do not enable this feature then the WiMAX Device can only be updated
automatically when the ACS initiates contact with it and if you selected the
checkbox on this screen.
Periodical Inform
Interval Enter the time interval (in seconds) at which the WiMAX Device connects to the
auto-configuration server.
Connection
Request
Username
Enter the connection request user name that the ACS must send to the WiMAX
Device when it requests a connection.
You can enter up to 31 alphanumeric characters (a-z, A-Z, 0-9) and underscores
but spaces are not allowed.
Note: This must be provided by the ACS administrator.
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12.8 OMA-DM
Use this screen to allow remote access to the WiMAX Device from a network connection over OMA-
DM.
Click Maintenance > Remote MGMT > OMA-DM to open this screen as shown next.
Figure 111 OMA-DM Screen
This screen contains the following fields:
Connection
Request Password Enter the connection request password that the ACS must send to the WiMAX
Device when it requests a connection.
You can enter up to 31 alphanumeric characters (a-z, A-Z, 0-9) and underscores
but spaces are not allowed.
Note: This must be provided by the ACS administrator.
CA Certificate File Click Browse to upload a Certificate Authority (CA) certificate to the WiMAX
Device.
CA Certificate
Info This displays information about the currently active CA certificate.
Client Certificate
File Click Browse to upload a client certificate to the WiMAX Device.
Client Certificate
Info This displays information about the currently active client certificate.
Table 86 CWMP (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Table 87 OMA-DM
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Enable Select this to enable remote management using this service.
Server URL Enter the IP address or URL of the OMA-DM server that you intend to use to
manage this device.
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Server Port Enter the port number for the IP address of the OMA-DM server set up in the
preceding field.
Server Auth Type Select the encryption algorithm scheme used by the OMA-DM server to
communicate with client devices. If the scheme selected here does not match
the actual scheme used by the server, then server will challenge the WiMAX
Device to automatically update its settings.
•None - No authentication.
•Basic - Server ID and Password are encoded using a Basic Access
Authentication Code.
•Digest (MD5) - Server ID and Password are encoded using a Digest Access
Authentication Code.
•HMAC - Server ID and Password are encoded using a keyed Hash Message
Authentication Code.
Server ID Enter the identification code for the server. This is used by the WiMAX Device
during the communication handshake process to identify the server.
Server Password Enter the password for the server’s identification code. This shared public key is
used by the WiMAX Device during the communication handshake process to
identify the server.
Server Nonce The WiMAX Device and the OMA-DM server use nonces to authenticate each
other if you select MD5 as the authentication algorithm in the Server Auth
Type field. Nonce is an abbreviation of 'number used once'. It is normally a
random or pseudo-random number applied in an authentication protocol to
protect existing communications from being reused in ‘replay attacks’.
Type up to 20 digits for the OMA-DM server nonce.
Client Auth Type Select the encryption algorithm scheme used by the OMA-DM server to
communicate with client devices. If the scheme selected here does not match
the actual scheme used by the server, then server will challenge the WiMAX
Device to automatically update its settings.
•None - No authentication.
•Basic - Server ID and Password are encoded using a Basic Access
Authentication Code.
•Digest (MD5) - Server ID and Password are encoded using a Digest Access
Authentication Code.
•HMAC - Server ID and Password are encoded using a keyed Hash Message
Authentication Code.
Note: Make sure that the scheme selected here matches the Server Auth Type.
Client ID Enter the client name for the WiMAX Device.
Client Password Enter the password for the WiMAX Device’s client name.
Client Nonce The WiMAX Device and the OMA-DM server use nonces to authenticate each
other if you select MD5 as the authentication algorithm in the Client Auth Type
field.
Type up to 20 digits for the OMA-DM client nonce.
Periodical Client-
Initiated Enable Select this to allow the WiMAX Device to periodically connect to the OMA-DM
server and check for configuration updates.
If you do not enable this feature then the WiMAX Device can only be updated
automatically when the OM-DM server initiates contact with it and if you selected
the checkbox on this screen.
Periodical Client-
Initiated Interval Enter the time interval (in seconds) at which the WiMAX Device connects to the
OMA-DM server.
Table 87 OMA-DM (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
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12.9 Date/Time
Use these settings to set the system time or configure an NTP server for automatic time
synchronization.
Click Maintenance > Date/Time > Date to open this screen as shown next.
Figure 112 Date Screen
This screen contains the following fields:
12.10 Time Zone
Use this screen to set the time zone in which the WiMAX device is physically located.
Table 88 Date
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Manual
New Time Enter the new time in this field.
New Date Enter the new date in this field.
Get from Time Server
Time Protocol Select the time service protocol that your time server uses.Check with your ISP
or network administrator, or use trial-and-error to find a protocol that works.
•NTP (RFC 1305) - This format is similar to Time (RFC 868).
Time Server
Address 1~4 Enter the IP address or URL of your time server. Check with your ISP or network
administrator if you are unsure of this information.
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Click Maintenance > Date/Time > Time Zone to open this screen as shown next.
Figure 113 Time Zone Screen
This screen contains the following fields:
12.11 Upgrade File
Use this screen to browse to a firmware file on a local computer and upload it to the WiMAX Device.
Firmware files usually use the system model name with a "*.bin" extension, such as "WiMAX
Device.bin". The upload process uses HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) and may take up to two
minutes. After a successful upload, the system restarts.
Contact your service provider for information on available firmware upgrades.
Note: Only use firmware for your WiMAX Device’s specific model.
Click Maintenance > Firmware Upgrade > Upgrade File to open this screen as shown next.
Figure 114 Upgrade File Screen
Table 89 Time Zone
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Time Zone Select the time zone at your location.
Enable Daylight
Savings Time Select this if your location uses daylight savings time. Daylight savings is a
period from late spring to early fall when many places set their clocks ahead of
normal local time by one hour to give more daytime light in the evening.
Start Date Enter which hour on which day of which week of which month daylight-savings
time starts.
End Date Enter which hour on the which day of which week of which month daylight-
savings time ends.
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This screen contains the following fields:
12.11.1 The Firmware Upload Process
When the WiMAX Device uploads new firmware, the process usually takes about two minutes. The
device also automatically restarts in this time. This causes a temporary network disconnect.
Note: Do not turn off the device while firmware upload is in progress!
After two minutes, log in again, and check your new firmware version in the Status screen. You
might have to open a new browser window to log in.
If the upload is not successful, you will be notified by error message.
12.12 Upgrade Link
Use this screen to set the URL of a firmware file on a remote computer and upload it to the WiMAX
Device.
Click Maintenance > Firmware Upgrade > Upgrade Link to open this screen as shown next.
Figure 115 Upgrade Link Screen
This screen contains the following fields:
12.13 CWMP Upgrade
Use this screen to upgrade the firmware on the WiMAX Device using CWMP Request Download.
Table 90 Upgrade File
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Upgrade File Click Browse then browse to the location of a firmware upgrade file and select
it.
Upgrade Click this to begin uploading the selected file. This may take up to two minutes.
Note: Do not turn off the device while firmware upload is in progress!
Table 91 Upgrade Link
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Upgrade Link Enter the URL or IP address of the firmware’s upgrade location on the network.
Upgrade Click this to begin uploading the selected file. This may take up to two minutes.
Note: Do not turn off the device while firmware upload is in progress!
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Click Maintenance > Firmware Upgrade > CWMP Upgrade to open this screen as shown next.
Figure 116 CWMP Upgrade Screen
This screen contains the following fields:
12.14 Backup/Restore
Use this screen to backup your current WiMAX Device settings to a local computer.
Click Maintenance > Backup/Restore > Backup to open this screen as shown next.
Figure 117 Backup Screen
This screen contains the following fields:
12.15 Restore
Use this screen to restore your WiMAX Device settings from a backup file on a local computer.
Table 92 CWMP Upgrade
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Upgrade Click this to begin upgrading firmware using CWMP Request. This may take up to
two minutes.
Note: Do not turn off the device while firmware upload is in progress!
Table 93 Backup
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Backup Click this to save the WiMAX Device’s current configuration to a file on your
computer. Once your device is configured and functioning properly, it is highly
recommended that you back up your configuration file before making
configuration changes. The backup configuration file is useful if you need to
return to your previous settings.
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Click Maintenance > Backup/Restore > Restore to open this screen as shown next.
Figure 118 Restore Screen
This screen contains the following fields:
12.15.1 The Restore Configuration Process
When the WiMAX Device restores a configuration file, the device automatically restarts. This causes
a temporary network disconnect.
Note: Do not turn off the device while configuration file upload is in progress.
If the WiMAX Device’s IP address is different in the configuration file you selected, you may need to
change the IP address of your computer to be in the same subnet as that of the default
management IP address (192.168.5.1). See the Quick Start Guide or the appendices for details on
how to set up your computer’s IP address.
You might have to open a new browser to log in again.
If the upload was not successful, you are notified with an error message.
12.16 Factory Defaults
Use this screen to restore the WiMAX Device to its factory default settings.
Table 94 Restore
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Configuration File Click Browse... then browse to the location of a firmware upgrade file and select
it.
Click File Restore to upload the specified configuration to the WiMAX Device
and replace the current settings.
Backup
Configuration File
URL
Enter the URL or IP address of the backup configuration file’s location on the
network.
Click URL Restore to upload the specified configuration to the WiMAX Device
and replace the current settings.
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Click Maintenance > Backup/Restore > Factory Defaults to open this screen as shown next.
Figure 119 Factory Defaults Screen
This screen contains the following fields:
12.17 Log Setting
Use this screen to configure which type of events on the WiMAX Device are logged.
Click Maintenance > LOG > Log Setting to open this screen as shown next.
Figure 120 Log Setting Screen
This screen contains the following fields:
12.18 Log Display
Use this screen to view the log messages of the WiMAX Device.
Table 95 Factory Defaults
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Reset Click this to clear all user-entered configuration information and return the
WiMAX Device to its factory defaults. There is no warning screen.
Table 96 Log Setting
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Enable Log Select this to have the WiMAX Device log network activity according to the
selected Log Level.
Log Level Select the type of logs to record.
Enable Remote
Log Select this to allow logs to be recorded and stored on a remote logs server.
Remote Log Host Enter the remote log host IP address if Enable Remote Log is selected.
Remote Log Port Enter the remote log host port if Enable Remote Log is selected.
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Click Maintenance > LOG > Log Display to open this screen as shown next.
Figure 121 Log Display Screen
This screen contains the following fields:
12.19 Network Test
Use this screen to test network connectivity using ping.
Click Maintenance > Network Test > Ping to open this screen as shown next.
Figure 122 Ping Screen
This screen contains the following fields:
Table 97 Log Display
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Display Level Select the type of logs to display from this menu.
Refresh Click this to refresh the logs in the display window.
Table 98 Ping
LABEL DESCRIPTION
IP Address Enter the IP address or domain name of a target device to which this test will
send.
Ping Click this to start the test. The result will show at the bottom of the screen.
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12.20 Traceroute
Use this screen to test network connectivity using traceroute.
Click Maintenance > Network Test > Traceroute to open this screen as shown next.
Figure 123 Traceroute Screen
This screen contains the following fields:
12.21 About
This screen displays information about the WiMAX Device that can be useful when upgrading
firmware, considering deployment options, and working with technical support if the device
encounters difficulties.
Click Maintenance > About to open this screen as shown next.
Figure 124 About Screen
Table 99 Traceroute
LABEL DESCRIPTION
IP Address Enter the IP address or domain name of a target device to which this test will
send.
Traceroute Click this to start the test. The result will show at the bottom of the screen.
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This screen contains the following fields:
12.22 Reboot
Use this screen to perform a software restart of the WiMAX Device. You may log in again within a
few minutes of using the reboot button.
Click Maintenance > Reboot to open this screen as shown next.
Figure 125 Reboot Screen
This screen contains the following fields:
Table 100 About
LABEL DESCRIPTION
System Model
Name This field displays the WiMAX Device system name. It is used for identification.
Software Version This field displays the Web Configurator software version that the WiMAX Device
is currently running.
CROM Version This field displays the CROM version number.
Firmware Version This field displays the current version of the firmware inside the device.
Firmware Date This field displays the date the firmware version was created.
Bootloader
Version This field displays the bootloader version.
Table 101 Reboot
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Reboot Click this button to have the device perform a software restart. The Power LED
blinks as it restarts and the shines steadily if the restart is successful.
Note: Wait one minute before logging back into the WiMAX Device after a restart.
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CHAPTER 13
Troubleshooting
This chapter offers some suggestions to solve problems you might encounter. The potential
problems are divided into the following categories:
•Power, Hardware Connections, and LEDs
•WiMAX Device Access and Login
•Internet Access
•Reset the WiMAX Device to Its Factory Defaults
13.1 Power, Hardware Connections, and LEDs
The WiMAX Device does not turn on. None of the LEDs turn on.
1Make sure you are using the power adapter or cord included with the WiMAX Device.
2Make sure the power adapter or cord is connected to the WiMAX Device and plugged in to an
appropriate power source. Make sure the power source is turned on.
3Disconnect and re-connect the power adapter or cord to the WiMAX Device.
4If the problem continues, contact the vendor.
One of the LEDs does not behave as expected.
1Make sure you understand the normal behavior of the LED. See Chapter 14 on page 203 for more
information.
2Check the hardware connections. See the Quick Start Guide.
3Inspect your cables for damage. Contact the vendor to replace any damaged cables.
4Disconnect and re-connect the power adapter to the WiMAX Device.
5If the problem continues, contact the vendor.
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13.2 WiMAX Device Access and Login
I forgot the IP address for the WiMAX Device.
1The default IP address is 192.168.1.1http://192.168.1.1.
2If you changed the IP address and have forgotten it, you might get the IP address of the WiMAX
Device by looking up the IP address of the default gateway for your computer. To do this in most
Windows computers, click Start > Run, enter cmd, and then enter ipconfig. The IP address of the
Default Gateway might be the IP address of the WiMAX Device (it depends on the network), so
enter this IP address in your Internet browser.
3If this does not work, you have to reset the WiMAX Device to its factory defaults. See Section 13.6
on page 202.
I forgot the password.
1The default password is 1234.
2If this does not work, you have to reset the WiMAX Device to its factory defaults. See Section 13.6
on page 202.
I cannot see or access the Login screen in the web configurator.
1Make sure you are using the correct IP address.
• The default IP address is http://192.168.1.1.
• If you changed the IP address (Section 7.6 on page 98), use the new IP address.
• If you changed the IP address and have forgotten it, see the troubleshooting suggestions for I
forgot the IP address for the WiMAX Device.
2Check the hardware connections, and make sure the LEDs are behaving as expected. See the Quick
Start Guide and Chapter 14 on page 203.
3Make sure your Internet browser does not block pop-up windows and has JavaScript and Java
enabled.
4If there is a DHCP server on your network, make sure your computer is using a dynamic IP address.
Your WiMAX Device is a DHCP server by default.
If there is no DHCP server on your network, make sure your computer’s IP address is in the same
subnet as the WiMAX Device.
5Reset the WiMAX Device to its factory defaults, and try to access the WiMAX Device with the default
IP address. See Section 13.6 on page 202..
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6If the problem continues, contact the network administrator or vendor, or try one of the advanced
suggestions.
Advanced Suggestions
• Try to access the WiMAX Device using another service, such as Telnet. If you can access the
WiMAX Device, check the remote management settings and firewall rules to find out why the
WiMAX Device does not respond to HTTP.
• If your computer is connected wirelessly, use a computer that is connected to a LAN/ETHERNET
port.
I can see the Login screen, but I cannot log in to the WiMAX Device.
1Make sure you have entered the user name and password correctly. The default user name is
admin, and the default password is 1234. These fields are case-sensitive, so make sure [Caps
Lock] is not on.
2You cannot log in to the web configurator while someone is using Telnet to access the WiMAX
Device. Log out of the WiMAX Device in the other session, or ask the person who is logged in to log
out.
3Disconnect and re-connect the power adapter or cord to the WiMAX Device.
4If this does not work, you have to reset the WiMAX Device to its factory defaults. See Section 13.6
on page 202.
I cannot Telnet to the WiMAX Device.
See the troubleshooting suggestions for I cannot see or access the Login screen in the web
configurator. Ignore the suggestions about your browser.
13.3 Internet Access
I cannot access the Internet.
1Check the hardware connections, and make sure the LEDs are behaving as expected. See the Quick
Start Guide and Chapter 14 on page 203.
2Make sure you entered your ISP account information correctly in the wizard. These fields are case-
sensitive, so make sure [Caps Lock] is not on.
3Check your security settings. See Chapter 8 on page 125.
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4Check your WiMAX settings. The WiMAX Device may have been set to search the wrong frequencies
for a wireless connection. See Chapter 6 on page 72. If you are unsure of the correct values,
contact your service provider.
5Disconnect all the cables from your WiMAX Device, and follow the directions in the Quick Start
Guide again.
6If the problem continues, contact your ISP.
I cannot access the Internet any more. I had access to the Internet (with the WiMAX Device),
but my Internet connection is not available any more.
1Check the hardware connections, and make sure the LEDs are behaving as expected. See the Quick
Start Guide and Chapter 14 on page 203.
2Disconnect and re-connect the power adapter to the WiMAX Device.
3If the problem continues, contact your ISP.
The Internet connection is slow or intermittent.
1The quality of the WiMAX Device’s wireless connection to the base station may be poor. Poor signal
reception may be improved by moving the WiMAX Device away from thick walls and other
obstructions, or to a higher floor in your building.
2There may be radio interference caused by nearby electrical devices such as microwave ovens and
radio transmitters. Move the WiMAX Device away or switch the other devices off. Weather
conditions may also affect signal quality.
3There might be a lot of traffic on the network. Look at the LEDs, and check Chapter 14 on page
203. If the WiMAX Device is sending or receiving a lot of information, try closing some programs
that use the Internet, especially peer-to-peer applications.
4Disconnect and re-connect the power adapter to the WiMAX Device.
5If the problem continues, contact the network administrator or vendor, or try one of the advanced
suggestions.
The Internet connection disconnects.
1Check your WiMAX link and signal strength using the Strength Indicator LEDs on the device.
2Contact your ISP if the problem persists.
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13.4 Wireless Internet Access (for Models with WiFi)
What factors may cause intermittent or unstabled wireless connection? How can I solve this
problem?
The following factors may cause interference:
• Obstacles: walls, ceilings, furniture, and so on.
• Building Materials: metal doors, aluminum studs.
• Electrical devices: microwaves, monitors, electric motors, cordless phones, and other wireless
devices.
To optimize the speed and quality of your wireless connection, you can:
• Move your WiMAX Device closer to the AP if the signal strength is low.
• Reduce wireless interference that may be caused by other wireless networks or surrounding
wireless electronics such as cordless phones.
• Place the AP where there are minimum obstacles (such as walls and ceilings) between the AP and
the wireless client.
• Reduce the number of wireless clients connecting to the same AP simultaneously, or add
additional APs if necessary.
• Try closing some programs that use the Internet, especially peer-to-peer applications. If the
wireless client is sending or receiving a lot of information, it may have too many programs open
that use the Internet.
13.5 Phone Calls and VoIP (for Models with Phone Ports)
The telephone port won’t work or the telephone lacks a dial tone.
Check the telephone connections and telephone wire.
I can access the Internet, but cannot make VoIP calls.
1The PHONE LED should come on. Make sure that your telephone is connected to the PHONE port.
2You can also check the VoIP status in the VoIP > Account > Status screen.
3Make sure your settings for your VoIP account are correct. If your phone still cannot work, contact
your VoIP service provider to make sure the account is active.
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13.6 Reset the WiMAX Device to Its Factory Defaults
If you forget your password or cannot access the Web Configurator, you will need to use the Reset
button to reload the factory-default configuration file. This means that you will lose all
configurations that you had previously and the password will be reset to 1234.
You will lose all of your changes when you push the Reset button.
To reset the WiMAX Device,
1Make sure the Power LED is on and not blinking.
2Press and hold the Reset button for five to ten seconds. Release the Reset button when the
Power LED begins to blink. The default settings have been restored.
If the WiMAX Device restarts automatically, wait for the WiMAX Device to finish restarting, and log
in to the web configurator. The password is “1234”.
If the WiMAX Device does not restart automatically, disconnect and reconnect the WiMAX Device’s
power. Then, follow the directions above again.
13.6.1 Pop-up Windows, JavaScript and Java Permissions
Please see Appendix C on page 233.
WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide 203
CHAPTER 14
Product Specifications
Table 102 LEDs Status for Indoor Device
LED STATE DESCRIPTION
Power Off The WiMAX Device is not receiving power.
Red The WiMAX Device is receiving power but has been unable to
start up correctly or is not receiving enough power. See the
Troubleshooting section for more information.
Green Solid: The WiMAX Device is receiving power and functioning
correctly.
Flashing: the device is self-testing (startup).
WiMAX Link Off The WiMAX Device is not connected to a wireless (WiMAX)
network.
Green The WiMAX Device is successfully connected to a wireless
(WiMAX) network.
Green (Blinking
Slowly) The WiMAX Device is searching for a wireless (WiMAX)
network.
Green (Blinking
Quickly) The WiMAX Device has found a wireless (WiMAX) network
and is connecting.
Signal
Strength 1,2,3 The Strength Indicator LEDs display the Interference-plus-Noise Ratio (CINR) of the
wireless (WiMAX) connection.
No Signal LEDs On There is no WiMAX connection.
Signal 1 On The signal strength is between -80dBm and -90dBm.
Signal 1 and 2 On The signal strength is between -70dBm and -80dBm.
Signal 1, 2 and 3 On The signal strength is greater than or equal to -70dBm.
Phone 1,2 (for
models with
VoIP feature)
Off No SIP account is registered, or the WiMAX Device is not
receiving power.
Green A SIP account is registered.
Green (Blinking) A SIP account is registered, and the phone attached to the
VoIP port is in use (off the hook).
Yellow A SIP account is registered and has a voice message on the
SIP server.
Yellow (Blinking) A SIP account is registered and has a voice message on the
SIP server, and the phone attached to the VoIP port is in use
(off the hook).
WLAN (for
models with
WLAN feature)
Off The Wi-Fi network is not operational.
Green The Wi-Fi network is operational.
Green (Blinking) The WiMAX Device is sending and receiving data across the
Wi-Fi network.
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The following table is for models with VoIP feature.
Table 103 LEDs Status for Outdoor Device
LED STATE DESCRIPTION
Strength
Indicator The Strength Indicator LEDs display the Received Signal Strength Indication (RSSI)
of the wireless (WiMAX) connection.
5 Signal LEDs The signal strength is greater than or equal to -50 dBm.
4 Signal LEDs The signal strength is between -50 and -60 dBm.
3 Signal LEDs The signal strength is between -60 and -70 dBm.
2 Signal LEDs The signal strength is between -70 and -80 dBm.
1 Signal LED The signal strength is between -80 and -90 dBm.
0 Signal LEDs The signal strength is less than -90 dBm.
Buzzer
Behavior The buzzer uses sound to alert users to the Received Signal Strength Indication
(RSSI) of the wireless (WiMAX) connection.
5 Counts (5 sec.) The signal strength is greater than or equal to -50 dBm.
4 Counts (4 sec.) The signal strength is between -50 and -60 dBm.
3 Counts (3 sec.) The signal strength is between -60 and -70 dBm.
2 Counts (2 sec.) The signal strength is between -70 and -80 dBm.
1 Count (1 sec.) The signal strength is between -80 and -90 dBm.
0 Counts The signal strength is less than -90 dBm.
Activity
Indicator Off The WiMAX Device is not ready.
Green The WiMAX Device is connected to the network.
Blinking The WiMAX Device system is seeking a viable signal.
Table 104 Voice Features
Call Park and Pickup Call park and pickup lets you put a call on hold (park) and then continue the
call (pickup). The caller must still pay while the call is parked.
When you park the call, you enter a number of your choice (up to eight
digits), which you must enter again when you pick up the call. If you do not
enter the correct number, you cannot pickup the call. This means that only
someone who knows the number you have chosen can pick up the call.
You can have more than one call on hold at the same time, but you must
give each call a different number.
Call Return With call return, you can place a call to the last number that called you
(either answered or missed). The last incoming call can be through either
SIP or PSTN.
Country Code Phone standards and settings differ from one country to another, so the
settings on your WiMAX Device must be configured to match those of the
country you are in. The country code feature allows you to do this by
selecting the country from a list rather than changing each setting manually.
Configure the country code feature when you move the WiMAX Device from
one country to another.
Do not Disturb
(DnD) This feature allows you to set your phone not to ring when someone calls
you. You can set each phone independently using its keypad, or configure
global settings for all phones using the command line interpreter.
Auto Dial You can set the WiMAX Device to automatically dial a specified number
immediately whenever you lift a phone off the hook. Use the Web
Configurator to set the specified number. Use the command line interpreter
to have the WiMAX Device wait a specified length of time before dialing the
number.
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Phone config The phone configuration table allows you to customize the phone keypad
combinations you use to access certain features on the WiMAX Device, such
as call waiting, call return, call forward, etc. The phone configuration table is
configurable in command interpreter mode.
Firmware update
enable / disable If your service provider uses this feature, you hear a recorded message
when you pick up the phone when new firmware is available for your WiMAX
Device. Enter *99# in your phone’s keypad to have the WiMAX Device
upgrade the firmware, or enter #99# to not upgrade. If your service
provider gave you different numbers to use, enter them instead. If you enter
the code to not upgrade, you can make a call as normal. You will hear the
recording again each time you pick up the phone, until you upgrade.
Call waiting This feature allows you to hear an alert when you are already using the
phone and another person calls you. You can then either reject the new
incoming call, put your current call on hold and receive the new incoming
call, or end the current call and receive the new incoming call.
Call forwarding With this feature, you can set the WiMAX Device to forward calls to a
specified number, either unconditionally (always), when your number is
busy, or when you do not answer. You can also forward incoming calls from
one specified number to another.
Caller ID The WiMAX Device supports caller ID, which allows you to see the originating
number of an incoming call (on a phone with a suitable display).
REN A Ringer Equivalence Number (REN) is used to determine the number of
devices (like telephones or fax machines) that may be connected to the
telephone line. Your device has a REN of three, so it can support three
devices per telephone port.
QoS (Quality of
Service) Quality of Service (QoS) mechanisms help to provide better service on a
per-flow basis. Your device supports Type of Service (ToS) tagging and
Differentiated Services (DiffServ) tagging. This allows the device to tag voice
frames so they can be prioritized over the network.
SIP ALG Your device is a SIP Application Layer Gateway (ALG). It allows VoIP calls to
pass through NAT for devices behind it (such as a SIP-based VoIP software
application on a computer).
Other Voice
Features SIP version 2 (Session Initiating Protocol RFC 3261)
SDP (Session Description Protocol RFC 2327)
RTP (RFC 1889)
RTCP (RFC 1890)
Voice codecs (coder/decoders) G.711, G.726, G.729
Fax and data modem discrimination
DTMF Detection and Generation
DTMF: In-band and Out-band traffic (RFC 2833),(PCM), (SIP INFO)
Point-to-point call establishment between two IADs
Quick dialing through predefined phone book, which maps the phone dialing
number and destination URL.
Flexible Dial Plan (RFC3525 section 7.1.14)
Table 105 Star (*) and Pound (#) Code Support
*0 Wireless Operator Services
*2 Customer Care Access
*66 Repeat Dialing
*67 Plus the 10 digit phone number to block Caller ID on a single call basis
Table 104 Voice Features
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Note: To take full advantage of the supplementary phone services available through the
WiMAX Device's phone port, you may need to subscribe to the services from your
voice account service provider.
Not all features are supported by all service providers. Consult your service
provider for more information.
*69 Return last call received
*70 Followed by the 10 digit phone number to cancel Call Waiting on a single call
basis
*72 Activate Call Forwarding (*72 followed by the 10 digit phone number that is
requesting call forwarding service)
*720 Activate Call Forwarding (*720 followed by the 10 digit phone number that is
requesting deactivation of call forwarding service)
*73 Plus the forward to phone number to activate Call Forwarding No Answer (no
VM service plan)
*730 Deactivate Call Forwarding No Answer
*740 Plus the forward to phone number to activate Call Forwarding Busy (no VM
service plan)
*911/911 Emergency phone number (same as dialing 911)
*411/411 Wireless Information Services
Table 105 Star (*) and Pound (#) Code Support
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APPENDIX A
WiMAX Security
Wireless security is vital to protect your wireless communications. Without it, information
transmitted over the wireless network would be accessible to any networking device within range.
User Authentication and Data Encryption
The WiMAX (IEEE 802.16) standard employs user authentication and encryption to ensure secured
communication at all times.
User authentication is the process of confirming a user’s identity and level of authorization. Data
encryption is the process of encoding information so that it cannot be read by anyone who does not
know the code.
WiMAX uses PKMv2 (Privacy Key Management version 2) for authentication, and CCMP (Counter
Mode with Cipher Block Chaining Message Authentication Protocol) for data encryption.
WiMAX supports EAP (Extensible Authentication Protocol, RFC 2486) which allows additional
authentication methods to be deployed with no changes to the base station or the mobile or
subscriber stations.
PKMv2
PKMv2 is a procedure that allows authentication of a mobile or subscriber station and negotiation of
a public key to encrypt traffic between the MS/SS and the base station. PKMv2 uses standard EAP
methods such as Transport Layer Security (EAP-TLS) or Tunneled TLS (EAP-TTLS) for secure
communication.
In cryptography, a ‘key’ is a piece of information, typically a string of random numbers and letters,
that can be used to ‘lock’ (encrypt) or ‘unlock’ (decrypt) a message. Public key encryption uses key
pairs, which consist of a public (freely available) key and a private (secret) key. The public key is
used for encryption and the private key is used for decryption. You can decrypt a message only if
you have the private key. Public key certificates (or ‘digital IDs’) allow users to verify each other’s
identity.
RADIUS
RADIUS is based on a client-server model that supports authentication, authorization and
accounting. The base station is the client and the server is the RADIUS server. The RADIUS server
handles the following tasks:
• Authentication
Determines the identity of the users.
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•Authorization
Determines the network services available to authenticated users once they are connected to the
network.
• Accounting
Keeps track of the client’s network activity.
RADIUS is a simple package exchange in which your base station acts as a message relay between
the MS/SS and the network RADIUS server.
Types of RADIUS Messages
The following types of RADIUS messages are exchanged between the base station and the RADIUS
server for user authentication:
• Access-Request
Sent by an base station requesting authentication.
• Access-Reject
Sent by a RADIUS server rejecting access.
• Access-Accept
Sent by a RADIUS server allowing access.
• Access-Challenge
Sent by a RADIUS server requesting more information in order to allow access. The base station
sends a proper response from the user and then sends another Access-Request message.
The following types of RADIUS messages are exchanged between the base station and the RADIUS
server for user accounting:
• Accounting-Request
Sent by the base station requesting accounting.
• Accounting-Response
Sent by the RADIUS server to indicate that it has started or stopped accounting.
In order to ensure network security, the access point and the RADIUS server use a shared secret
key, which is a password they both know. The key is not sent over the network. In addition to the
shared key, password information exchanged is also encrypted to protect the network from
unauthorized access.
Diameter
Diameter (RFC 3588) is a type of AAA server that provides several improvements over RADIUS in
efficiency, security, and support for roaming.
Security Association
The set of information about user authentication and data encryption between two computers is
known as a security association (SA). In a WiMAX network, the process of security association has
three stages.
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• Authorization request and reply
The MS/SS presents its public certificate to the base station. The base station verifies the
certificate and sends an authentication key (AK) to the MS/SS.
• Key request and reply
The MS/SS requests a transport encryption key (TEK) which the base station generates and
encrypts using the authentication key.
•Encrypted traffic
The MS/SS decrypts the TEK (using the authentication key). Both stations can now securely
encrypt and decrypt the data flow.
CCMP
All traffic in a WiMAX network is encrypted using CCMP (Counter Mode with Cipher Block Chaining
Message Authentication Protocol). CCMP is based on the 128-bit Advanced Encryption Standard
(AES) algorithm.
‘Counter mode’ refers to the encryption of each block of plain text with an arbitrary number, known
as the counter. This number changes each time a block of plain text is encrypted. Counter mode
avoids the security weakness of repeated identical blocks of encrypted text that makes encrypted
data vulnerable to pattern-spotting.
‘Cipher Block Chaining Message Authentication’ (also known as CBC-MAC) ensures message
integrity by encrypting each block of plain text in such a way that its encryption is dependent on the
block before it. This series of ‘chained’ blocks creates a message authentication code (MAC or
CMAC) that ensures the encrypted data has not been tampered with.
Authentication
The WiMAX Device supports EAP-TTLS authentication.
EAP-TTLS (Tunneled Transport Layer Service)
EAP-TTLS is an extension of the EAP-TLS authentication that uses certificates for only the server-
side authentications to establish a secure connection (with EAP-TLS digital certifications are needed
by both the server and the wireless clients for mutual authentication). Client authentication is then
done by sending username and password through the secure connection, thus client identity is
protected. For client authentication, EAP-TTLS supports EAP methods and legacy authentication
methods such as PAP, CHAP, MS-CHAP and MS-CHAP v2.
Appendix A WiMAX Security
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WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide 211
APPENDIX B
Importing Certificates
This appendix shows you how to import public key certificates into your web browser.
Public key certificates are used by web browsers to ensure that a secure web site is legitimate.
When a certificate authority such as VeriSign, Comodo, or Network Solutions, to name a few,
receives a certificate request from a website operator, they confirm that the web domain and
contact information in the request match those on public record with a domain name registrar. If
they match, then the certificate is issued to the website operator, who then places it on the site to
be issued to all visiting web browsers to let them know that the site is legitimate.
Many ZyXEL products issue their own public key certificates. These can be used by web browsers on
a LAN or WAN to verify that they are in fact connecting to the legitimate device and not one
masquerading as it. However, because the certificates were not issued by one of the several
organizations officially recognized by the most common web browsers, you will need to import the
ZyXEL-created certificate into your web browser and flag that certificate as a trusted authority.
Note: You can see if you are browsing on a secure website if the URL in your web
browser’s address bar begins with https:// or there is a sealed padlock icon
( ) somewhere in the main browser window (not all browsers show the padlock
in the same location.)
In this appendix, you can import a public key certificate for:
• Internet Explorer on page 212
•Firefox on page 220
•Opera on page 225
• Konqueror on page 232
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Internet Explorer
The following example uses Microsoft Internet Explorer 7 on Windows XP Professional; however,
they can also apply to Internet Explorer on Windows Vista.
1If your device’s web configurator is set to use SSL certification, then the first time you browse to it
you are presented with a certification error.
Figure 126 Internet Explorer 7: Certification Error
2Click Continue to this website (not recommended).
Figure 127 Internet Explorer 7: Certification Error
3In the Address Bar, click Certificate Error > View certificates.
Figure 128 Internet Explorer 7: Certificate Error
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4In the Certificate dialog box, click Install Certificate.
Figure 129 Internet Explorer 7: Certificate
5In the Certificate Import Wizard, click Next.
Figure 130 Internet Explorer 7: Certificate Import Wizard
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6If you want Internet Explorer to Automatically select certificate store based on the type of
certificate, click Next again and then go to step 9.
Figure 131 Internet Explorer 7: Certificate Import Wizard
7Otherwise, select Place all certificates in the following store and then click Browse.
Figure 132 Internet Explorer 7: Certificate Import Wizard
8In the Select Certificate Store dialog box, choose a location in which to save the certificate and
then click OK.
Figure 133 Internet Explorer 7: Select Certificate Store
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9In the Completing the Certificate Import Wizard screen, click Finish.
Figure 134 Internet Explorer 7: Certificate Import Wizard
10 If you are presented with another Security Warning, click Yes.
Figure 135 Internet Explorer 7: Security Warning
11 Finally, click OK when presented with the successful certificate installation message.
Figure 136 Internet Explorer 7: Certificate Import Wizard
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12 The next time you start Internet Explorer and go to a ZyXEL web configurator page, a sealed
padlock icon appears in the address bar. Click it to view the page’s Website Identification
information.
Figure 137 Internet Explorer 7: Website Identification
Appendix B Importing Certificates
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Installing a Stand-Alone Certificate File in Internet Explorer
Rather than browsing to a ZyXEL web configurator and installing a public key certificate when
prompted, you can install a stand-alone certificate file if one has been issued to you.
1Double-click the public key certificate file.
Figure 138 Internet Explorer 7: Public Key Certificate File
2In the security warning dialog box, click Open.
Figure 139 Internet Explorer 7: Open File - Security Warning
3Refer to steps 4-12 in the Internet Explorer procedure beginning on page 212 to complete the
installation process.
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Removing a Certificate in Internet Explorer
This section shows you how to remove a public key certificate in Internet Explorer 7.
1Open Internet Explorer and click TOOLS > Internet Options.
Figure 140 Internet Explorer 7: Tools Menu
2In the Internet Options dialog box, click Content > Certificates.
Figure 141 Internet Explorer 7: Internet Options
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WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide 219
3In the Certificates dialog box, click the Trusted Root Certificates Authorities tab, select the
certificate that you want to delete, and then click Remove.
Figure 142 Internet Explorer 7: Certificates
4In the Certificates confirmation, click Yes.
Figure 143 Internet Explorer 7: Certificates
5In the Root Certificate Store dialog box, click Yes.
Figure 144 Internet Explorer 7: Root Certificate Store
6The next time you go to the web site that issued the public key certificate you just removed, a
certification error appears.
Appendix B Importing Certificates
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Firefox
The following example uses Mozilla Firefox 2 on Windows XP Professional; however, the screens can
also apply to Firefox 2 on all platforms.
1If your device’s web configurator is set to use SSL certification, then the first time you browse to it
you are presented with a certification error.
2Select Accept this certificate permanently and click OK.
Figure 145 Firefox 2: Website Certified by an Unknown Authority
3The certificate is stored and you can now connect securely to the web configurator. A sealed
padlock appears in the address bar, which you can click to open the Page Info > Security window
to view the web page’s security information.
Figure 146 Firefox 2: Page Info
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Installing a Stand-Alone Certificate File in Firefox
Rather than browsing to a ZyXEL web configurator and installing a public key certificate when
prompted, you can install a stand-alone certificate file if one has been issued to you.
1Open Firefox and click TOOLS > Options.
Figure 147 Firefox 2: Tools Menu
2In the Options dialog box, click ADVANCED > Encryption > View Certificates.
Figure 148 Firefox 2: Options
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3In the Certificate Manager dialog box, click Web Sites > Import.
Figure 149 Firefox 2: Certificate Manager
4Use the Select File dialog box to locate the certificate and then click Open.
Figure 150 Firefox 2: Select File
5The next time you visit the web site, click the padlock in the address bar to open the Page Info >
Security window to see the web page’s security information.
Appendix B Importing Certificates
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Removing a Certificate in Firefox
This section shows you how to remove a public key certificate in Firefox 2.
1Open Firefox and click TOOLS > Options.
Figure 151 Firefox 2: Tools Menu
2In the Options dialog box, click ADVANCED > Encryption > View Certificates.
Figure 152 Firefox 2: Options
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3In the Certificate Manager dialog box, select the Web Sites tab, select the certificate that you
want to remove, and then click Delete.
Figure 153 Firefox 2: Certificate Manager
4In the Delete Web Site Certificates dialog box, click OK.
Figure 154 Firefox 2: Delete Web Site Certificates
5The next time you go to the web site that issued the public key certificate you just removed, a
certification error appears.
Appendix B Importing Certificates
WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide 225
Opera
The following example uses Opera 9 on Windows XP Professional; however, the screens can apply
to Opera 9 on all platforms.
1If your device’s web configurator is set to use SSL certification, then the first time you browse to it
you are presented with a certification error.
2Click Install to accept the certificate.
Figure 155 Opera 9: Certificate signer not found
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3The next time you visit the web site, click the padlock in the address bar to open the Security
information window to view the web page’s security details.
Figure 156 Opera 9: Security information
Appendix B Importing Certificates
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Installing a Stand-Alone Certificate File in Opera
Rather than browsing to a ZyXEL web configurator and installing a public key certificate when
prompted, you can install a stand-alone certificate file if one has been issued to you.
1Open Opera and click TOOLS > Preferences.
Figure 157 Opera 9: Tools Menu
2In Preferences, click ADVANCED > Security > Manage certificates.
Figure 158 Opera 9: Preferences
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3In the Certificates Manager, click Authorities > Import.
Figure 159 Opera 9: Certificate manager
4Use the Import certificate dialog box to locate the certificate and then click Open.
Figure 160 Opera 9: Import certificate
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WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide 229
5In the Install authority certificate dialog box, click Install.
Figure 161 Opera 9: Install authority certificate
6Next, click OK.
Figure 162 Opera 9: Install authority certificate
7The next time you visit the web site, click the padlock in the address bar to open the Security
information window to view the web page’s security details.
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Removing a Certificate in Opera
This section shows you how to remove a public key certificate in Opera 9.
1Open Opera and click TOOLS > Preferences.
Figure 163 Opera 9: Tools Menu
2In Preferences, ADVANCED > Security > Manage certificates.
Figure 164 Opera 9: Preferences
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3In the Certificates manager, select the Authorities tab, select the certificate that you want to
remove, and then click Delete.
Figure 165 Opera 9: Certificate manager
4The next time you go to the web site that issued the public key certificate you just removed, a
certification error appears.
Note: There is no confirmation when you delete a certificate authority, so be absolutely
certain that you want to go through with it before clicking the button.
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Konqueror
The following example uses Konqueror 3.5 on openSUSE 10.3, however the screens apply to
Konqueror 3.5 on all Linux KDE distributions.
1If your device’s web configurator is set to use SSL certification, then the first time you browse to it
you are presented with a certification error.
2Click Continue.
Figure 166 Konqueror 3.5: Server Authentication
3Click Forever when prompted to accept the certificate.
Figure 167 Konqueror 3.5: Server Authentication
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WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide 233
4Click the padlock in the address bar to open the KDE SSL Information window and view the web
page’s security details.
Figure 168 Konqueror 3.5: KDE SSL Information
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Installing a Stand-Alone Certificate File in Konqueror
Rather than browsing to a ZyXEL web configurator and installing a public key certificate when
prompted, you can install a stand-alone certificate file if one has been issued to you.
1Double-click the public key certificate file.
Figure 169 Konqueror 3.5: Public Key Certificate File
2In the Certificate Import Result - Kleopatra dialog box, click OK.
Figure 170 Konqueror 3.5: Certificate Import Result
The public key certificate appears in the KDE certificate manager, Kleopatra.
Figure 171 Konqueror 3.5: Kleopatra
3The next time you visit the web site, click the padlock in the address bar to open the KDE SSL
Information window to view the web page’s security details.
Appendix B Importing Certificates
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Removing a Certificate in Konqueror
This section shows you how to remove a public key certificate in Konqueror 3.5.
1Open Konqueror and click Settings > Configure Konqueror.
Figure 172 Konqueror 3.5: Settings Menu
2In the Configure dialog box, select Crypto.
3On the Peer SSL Certificates tab, select the certificate you want to delete and then click Remove.
Figure 173 Konqueror 3.5: Configure
4The next time you go to the web site that issued the public key certificate you just removed, a
certification error appears.
Note: There is no confirmation when you remove a certificate authority, so be absolutely
certain you want to go through with it before clicking the button.
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WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide 237
APPENDIX C
Common Services
The following table lists some commonly-used services and their associated protocols and port
numbers. For a comprehensive list of port numbers, ICMP type/code numbers and services, visit
the IANA (Internet Assigned Number Authority) web site.
•Name: This is a short, descriptive name for the service. You can use this one or create a
different one, if you like.
•Protocol: This is the type of IP protocol used by the service. If this is TCP/UDP, then the service
uses the same port number with TCP and UDP. If this is USER-DEFINED, the Port(s) is the IP
protocol number, not the port number.
•Port(s): This value depends on the Protocol. Please refer to RFC 1700 for further information
about port numbers.
•If the Protocol is TCP, UDP, or TCP/UDP, this is the IP port number.
•If the Protocol is USER, this is the IP protocol number.
•Description: This is a brief explanation of the applications that use this service or the situations
in which this service is used.
Table 106 Commonly Used Services
NAME PROTOCOL PORT(S) DESCRIPTION
AH
(IPSEC_TUNNEL) User-Defined 51 The IPSEC AH (Authentication Header)
tunneling protocol uses this service.
AIM/New-ICQ TCP 5190 AOL’s Internet Messenger service. It is
also used as a listening port by ICQ.
AUTH TCP 113 Authentication protocol used by some
servers.
BGP TCP 179 Border Gateway Protocol.
BOOTP_CLIENT UDP 68 DHCP Client.
BOOTP_SERVER UDP 67 DHCP Server.
CU-SEEME TCP
UDP
7648
24032
A popular videoconferencing solution from
White Pines Software.
DNS TCP/UDP 53 Domain Name Server, a service that
matches web names (for example
www.zyxel.com) to IP numbers.
ESP
(IPSEC_TUNNEL) User-Defined 50 The IPSEC ESP (Encapsulation Security
Protocol) tunneling protocol uses this
service.
FINGER TCP 79 Finger is a UNIX or Internet related
command that can be used to find out if a
user is logged on.
FTP TCP
TCP
20
21
File Transfer Program, a program to enable
fast transfer of files, including large files
that may not be possible by e-mail.
H.323 TCP 1720 NetMeeting uses this protocol.
Appendix C Common Services
WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide
238
HTTP TCP 80 Hyper Text Transfer Protocol - a client/
server protocol for the world wide web.
HTTPS TCP 443 HTTPS is a secured http session often used
in e-commerce.
ICMP User-Defined 1Internet Control Message Protocol is often
used for diagnostic or routing purposes.
ICQ UDP 4000 This is a popular Internet chat program.
IGMP (MULTICAST) User-Defined 2Internet Group Management Protocol is
used when sending packets to a specific
group of hosts.
IKE UDP 500 The Internet Key Exchange algorithm is
used for key distribution and
management.
IRC TCP/UDP 6667 This is another popular Internet chat
program.
MSN Messenger TCP 1863 Microsoft Networks’ messenger service
uses this protocol.
NEW-ICQ TCP 5190 An Internet chat program.
NEWS TCP 144 A protocol for news groups.
NFS UDP 2049 Network File System - NFS is a client/
server distributed file service that provides
transparent file sharing for network
environments.
NNTP TCP 119 Network News Transport Protocol is the
delivery mechanism for the USENET
newsgroup service.
PING User-Defined 1Packet INternet Groper is a protocol that
sends out ICMP echo requests to test
whether or not a remote host is reachable.
POP3 TCP 110 Post Office Protocol version 3 lets a client
computer get e-mail from a POP3 server
through a temporary connection (TCP/IP
or other).
PPTP TCP 1723 Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol enables
secure transfer of data over public
networks. This is the control channel.
PPTP_TUNNEL
(GRE) User-Defined 47 PPTP (Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol)
enables secure transfer of data over public
networks. This is the data channel.
RCMD TCP 512 Remote Command Service.
REAL_AUDIO TCP 7070 A streaming audio service that enables
real time sound over the web.
REXEC TCP 514 Remote Execution Daemon.
RLOGIN TCP 513 Remote Login.
RTELNET TCP 107 Remote Telnet.
RTSP TCP/UDP 554 The Real Time Streaming (media control)
Protocol (RTSP) is a remote control for
multimedia on the Internet.
SFTP TCP 115 Simple File Transfer Protocol.
Table 106 Commonly Used Services (continued)
NAME PROTOCOL PORT(S) DESCRIPTION
Appendix C Common Services
WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide 239
SMTP TCP 25 Simple Mail Transfer Protocol is the
message-exchange standard for the
Internet. SMTP enables you to move
messages from one e-mail server to
another.
SNMP TCP/UDP 161 Simple Network Management Program.
SNMP-TRAPS TCP/UDP 162 Traps for use with the SNMP (RFC:1215).
SQL-NET TCP 1521 Structured Query Language is an interface
to access data on many different types of
database systems, including mainframes,
midrange systems, UNIX systems and
network servers.
SSH TCP/UDP 22 Secure Shell Remote Login Program.
STRM WORKS UDP 1558 Stream Works Protocol.
SYSLOG UDP 514 Syslog allows you to send system logs to a
UNIX server.
TACACS UDP 49 Login Host Protocol used for (Terminal
Access Controller Access Control System).
TELNET TCP 23 Telnet is the login and terminal emulation
protocol common on the Internet and in
UNIX environments. It operates over TCP/
IP networks. Its primary function is to
allow users to log into remote host
systems.
TFTP UDP 69 Trivial File Transfer Protocol is an Internet
file transfer protocol similar to FTP, but
uses the UDP (User Datagram Protocol)
rather than TCP (Transmission Control
Protocol).
VDOLIVE TCP 7000 Another videoconferencing solution.
Table 106 Commonly Used Services (continued)
NAME PROTOCOL PORT(S) DESCRIPTION
Appendix C Common Services
WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide
240
WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide 241
APPENDIX D
Open Software Announcements
End-User License Agreement for "MAX208M, MAX218M, MAX208M2W, MAX218M2W, MAX218M1W,
MAX218MW, MAX318M2W, MAX308M, and MAX318M"
WARNING: ZyXEL Communications Corp. IS WILLING TO LICENSE THE SOFTWARE TO YOU ONLY
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HOWEVER, CERTAIN ZYXEL'S PRODUCTS MAY CONTAIN-IN PART-SOME THIRD PARTY'S FREE AND
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3.Copyright
Appendix D Open Software Announcements
WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide
242
The Software and Documentation contain material that is protected by international copyright law,
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SOFTWARE IS COMPATIBLE WITH ANY PARTICULAR PLATFORM. SOME JURISDICTIONS DO NOT
ALLOW THE WAIVER OR EXCLUSION OF IMPLIED WARRANTIES SO THEY MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU.
IF THIS EXCLUSION IS HELD TO BE UNENFORCEABLE BY A COURT OF COMPETENT JURISDICTION,
THEN ALL EXPRESS AND IMPLIED WARRANTIES SHALL BE LIMITED IN DURATION TO A PERIOD OF
Appendix D Open Software Announcements
WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide 243
THIRTY (30) DAYS FROM THE DATE OF PURCHASE OF THE SOFTWARE, AND NO WARRANTIES
SHALL APPLY AFTER THAT PERIOD.
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IN NO EVENT WILL ZyXEL BE LIABLE TO YOU OR ANY THIRD PARTY FOR ANY INCIDENTAL OR
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BUT SHALL IN NO EVENT EXCEED THE PRODUCT'S PRICE. BECAUSE SOME STATES/COUNTRIES DO
NOT ALLOW THE EXCLUSION OR LIMITATION OF LIABILITY FOR CONSEQUENTIAL OR INCIDENTAL
DAMAGES, THE ABOVE LIMITATION MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU.
8.Export Restrictions
THIS LICENSE AGREEMENT IS EXPRESSLY MADE SUBJECT TO ANY APPLICABLE LAWS,
REGULATIONS, ORDERS, OR OTHER RESTRICTIONS ON THE EXPORT OF THE SOFTWARE OR
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SHALL NOT EXPORT THE SOFTWARE, DOCUMENTATION OR INFORMATION ABOUT THE SOFTWARE
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This License Agreement is effective until it is terminated. You may terminate this License
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Arbitration Association sitting in ROC, Taiwan if the parties agree to a binding arbitration. This
License Agreement shall constitute the entire Agreement between the parties hereto. This License
Agreement, the rights granted hereunder, the Software and Documentation shall not be assigned
by you without the prior written consent of ZyXEL. Any waiver or modification of this License
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WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide
244
Agreement shall only be effective if it is in writing and signed by both parties hereto. If any part of
this License Agreement is found invalid or unenforceable by a court of competent jurisdiction, the
remainder of this License Agreement shall be interpreted so as to reasonably effect the intention of
the parties.
NOTE: Some components of this product incorporate free software programs covered under the
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Notice
Information herein is subject to change without notice. Companies, names, and data used in
examples herein are fictitious unless otherwise noted. No part may be reproduced or transmitted in
any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, for any purpose, except the express written
permission of ZyXEL Communications Corporation.
This Product includes Bridge-utils, Busybox, Dnrd, Ebtables, Igmpproxy, Iproute2, Iptables, MIPS
linux kernel, miniupnpd, Ntpclient, open12tp, Ppp, rp-pppoe, pptp, pptpd, quagga,, Updatedd,
Strongswan, termcap, and zebra under below GPL license
GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
Version 2, June 1991
Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA
Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this license document, but
changing it is not allowed.
Preamble
The licenses for most software are designed to take away your freedom to share and change it. By
contrast, the GNU General Public License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and
change free software--to make sure the software is free for all its users. This General Public License
applies to most of the Free Software Foundation's software and to any other program whose
Appendix D Open Software Announcements
WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide 245
authors commit to using it. (Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered by the GNU
Library General Public License instead.) You can apply it to your programs, too.
When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not price. Our General Public
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We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the software, and (2) offer you this license
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Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software patents. We wish to avoid the danger
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The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and modification follow.
TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION
0. This License applies to any program or other work which contains a notice placed by the
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Appendix D Open Software Announcements
WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide
246
2. You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion of it, thus forming a work
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Appendix D Open Software Announcements
WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide 247
operating system on which the executable runs, unless that component itself accompanies the
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Appendix D Open Software Announcements
WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide
248
"any later version", you have the option of following the terms and conditions either of that version
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END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
All other trademarks or trade names mentioned herein, if any, are the property of their respective
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This Product includes Dropbear under the MIT-Style License.
The MIT License
Copyright (c) <year> <copyright holders>
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and
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Appendix D Open Software Announcements
WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide 249
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Appendix D Open Software Announcements
WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide
250
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Appendix D Open Software Announcements
WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide 251
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WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide
252
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Appendix D Open Software Announcements
WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide 253
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Appendix D Open Software Announcements
WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide
254
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Appendix D Open Software Announcements
WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide 255
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Appendix D Open Software Announcements
WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide
256
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This Product includes OpenSSL under the OpenSSL License.
OpenSSL Licens
Appendix D Open Software Announcements
WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide 257
/*
=============================================================
=======
* Copyright (c) 1998-2008 The OpenSSL Project. All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
*
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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*
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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* distribution.
*
* 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this
* software must display the following acknowledgment:
* "This product includes software developed by the OpenSSL Project
* for use in the OpenSSL Toolkit. (http://www.openssl.org/)"
*
* 4. The names "OpenSSL Toolkit" and "OpenSSL Project" must not be used to
* endorse or promote products derived from this software without
* prior written permission. For written permission, please contact
* openssl-core@openssl.org.
*
* 5. Products derived from this software may not be called "OpenSSL"
* nor may "OpenSSL" appear in their names without prior written
Appendix D Open Software Announcements
WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide
258
* permission of the OpenSSL Project.
*
* 6. Redistributions of any form whatsoever must retain the following
* acknowledgment:
* "This product includes software developed by the OpenSSL Project
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* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE OpenSSL PROJECT ``AS IS'' AND ANY
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* HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
* STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
* ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED
* OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*
=============================================================
=======
*
* This product includes cryptographic software written by Eric Young
* (eay@cryptsoft.com). This product includes software written by Tim
* Hudson (tjh@cryptsoft.com).
*
*/
Appendix D Open Software Announcements
WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide 259
Original SSLeay License
-----------------------
/* Copyright (C) 1995-1998 Eric Young (eay@cryptsoft.com)
* All rights reserved.
*
* This package is an SSL implementation written
* by Eric Young (eay@cryptsoft.com).
* The implementation was written so as to conform with Netscapes SSL.
*
* This library is free for commercial and non-commercial use as long as
* the following conditions are aheared to. The following conditions
* apply to all code found in this distribution, be it the RC4, RSA,
* lhash, DES, etc., code; not just the SSL code. The SSL documentation
* included with this distribution is covered by the same copyright terms
* except that the holder is Tim Hudson (tjh@cryptsoft.com).
*
* Copyright remains Eric Young's, and as such any Copyright notices in
* the code are not to be removed.
* If this package is used in a product, Eric Young should be given attribution
* as the author of the parts of the library used.
* This can be in the form of a textual message at program startup or
* in documentation (online or textual) provided with the package.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the copyright
Appendix D Open Software Announcements
WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide
260
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
* must display the following acknowledgement:
* "This product includes cryptographic software written by
* Eric Young (eay@cryptsoft.com)"
* The word 'cryptographic' can be left out if the rouines from the library
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* 4. If you include any Windows specific code (or a derivative thereof) from
* the apps directory (application code) you must include an acknowledgement:
* "This product includes software written by Tim Hudson (tjh@cryptsoft.com)"
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY ERIC YOUNG ``AS IS'' AND
* ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
* IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
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ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
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*
* The licence and distribution terms for any publically available version or
* derivative of this code cannot be changed. i.e. this code cannot simply be
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*/
This Product includes ftpd under the following License.
Appendix D Open Software Announcements
WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide 261
Ftp Server
* Copyright (c) 1985, 1988, 1990, 1992, 1993, 1994, 2002
* The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
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* SUCH DAMAGE.
Appendix D Open Software Announcements
WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide
262
*/
This Product includes net-snmp software under the following license
Various copyrights apply to this package, listed in various separate
parts below. Please make sure that you read all the parts.
---- Part 1: CMU/UCD copyright notice: (BSD like) -----
Copyright 1989, 1991, 1992 by Carnegie Mellon University
Derivative Work - 1996, 1998-2000
Copyright 1996, 1998-2000 The Regents of the University of California
All Rights Reserved
Permission to use, copy, modify and distribute this software and its
documentation for any purpose and without fee is hereby granted,
provided that the above copyright notice appears in all copies and
that both that copyright notice and this permission notice appear in
supporting documentation, and that the name of CMU and The Regents of
the University of California not be used in advertising or publicity
pertaining to distribution of the software without specific written
permission.
CMU AND THE REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA DISCLAIM ALL
Appendix D Open Software Announcements
WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide 263
WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE, INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED
WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL CMU OR
THE REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL,
INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING
FROM THE LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN
CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
---- Part 2: Networks Associates Technology, Inc copyright notice (BSD) -----
Copyright (c) 2001-2003, Networks Associates Technology, Inc
All rights reserved.
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
* Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* Neither the name of the Networks Associates Technology, Inc nor the
names of its contributors may be used to endorse or promote
products derived from this software without specific prior written
permission.
Appendix D Open Software Announcements
WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide
264
THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS
IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS OR
CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS;
OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY,
WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR
OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF
ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
---- Part 3: Cambridge Broadband Ltd. copyright notice (BSD) -----
Portions of this code are copyright (c) 2001-2003, Cambridge Broadband Ltd.
All rights reserved.
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
* Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
Appendix D Open Software Announcements
WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide 265
* The name of Cambridge Broadband Ltd. may not be used to endorse or
promote products derived from this software without specific prior
written permission.
THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER ``AS IS'' AND ANY
EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER BE
LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR
BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY,
WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE
OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN
IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
---- Part 4: Sun Microsystems, Inc. copyright notice (BSD) -----
Copyright © 2003 Sun Microsystems, Inc., 4150 Network Circle, Santa Clara,
California 95054, U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Use is subject to license terms below.
This distribution may include materials developed by third parties.
Sun, Sun Microsystems, the Sun logo and Solaris are trademarks or registered
trademarks of Sun Microsystems, Inc. in the U.S. and other countries.
Appendix D Open Software Announcements
WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide
266
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
* Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* Neither the name of the Sun Microsystems, Inc. nor the
names of its contributors may be used to endorse or promote
products derived from this software without specific prior written
permission.
THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS
IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS OR
CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS;
OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY,
WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR
OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF
ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
Appendix D Open Software Announcements
WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide 267
---- Part 5: Sparta, Inc copyright notice (BSD) -----
Copyright (c) 2003-2009, Sparta, Inc
All rights reserved.
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
* Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* Neither the name of Sparta, Inc nor the names of its contributors may
be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
without specific prior written permission.
THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS
IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS OR
CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS;
OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY,
WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR
Appendix D Open Software Announcements
WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide
268
OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF
ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
---- Part 6: Cisco/BUPTNIC copyright notice (BSD) -----
Copyright (c) 2004, Cisco, Inc and Information Network
Center of Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications.
All rights reserved.
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
* Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* Neither the name of Cisco, Inc, Beijing University of Posts and
Telecommunications, nor the names of their contributors may
be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
without specific prior written permission.
THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS
IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS OR
Appendix D Open Software Announcements
WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide 269
CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS;
OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY,
WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR
OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF
ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
---- Part 7: Fabasoft R&D Software GmbH & Co KG copyright notice (BSD) -----
Copyright (c) Fabasoft R&D Software GmbH & Co KG, 2003
oss@fabasoft.com
Author: Bernhard Penz
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
* Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* The name of Fabasoft R&D Software GmbH & Co KG or any of its subsidiaries,
brand or product names may not be used to endorse or promote products
derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
Appendix D Open Software Announcements
WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide
270
THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER ``AS IS'' AND ANY
EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER BE
LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR
BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY,
WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE
OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN
IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
---- Part 8: Apple Inc. copyright notice (BSD) -----
Copyright (c) 2007 Apple Inc. All rights reserved.
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
are met:
1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following
disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided
with the distribution.
3. Neither the name of Apple Inc. ("Apple") nor the names of its
contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
Appendix D Open Software Announcements
WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide 271
from this software without specific prior written permission.
THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY APPLE AND ITS CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND
ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A
PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL APPLE OR ITS
CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF
USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND
ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT
OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
SUCH DAMAGE.
---- Part 9: ScienceLogic, LLC copyright notice (BSD) -----
Copyright (c) 2009, ScienceLogic, LLC
All rights reserved.
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
met:
* Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
Appendix D Open Software Announcements
WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide
272
notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* Neither the name of ScienceLogic, LLC nor the names of its
contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
from this software without specific prior written permission.
THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
HOLDERS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING,
BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS
OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND
ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR
TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE
USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH
DAMAGE.
This Product includes sqlite software under below license
SQLite Copyright
All of the deliverable code in SQLite has been dedicated to the public domain by the authors. All
code authors, and representatives of the companies they work for, have signed affidavits dedicating
their contributions to the public domain and originals of those signed affidavits are stored in a
firesafe at the main offices of Hwaci. Anyone is free to copy, modify, publish, use, compile, sell, or
distribute the original SQLite code, either in source code form or as a compiled binary, for any
purpose, commercial or non-commercial, and by any means.
Appendix D Open Software Announcements
WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide 273
The previous paragraph applies to the deliverable code in SQLite - those parts of the SQLite library
that you actually bundle and ship with a larger application. Portions of the documentation and some
code used as part of the build process might fall under other licenses. The details here are unclear.
We do not worry about the licensing of the documentation and build code so much because none of
these things are part of the core deliverable SQLite library.
All of the deliverable code in SQLite has been written from scratch. No code has been taken from
other projects or from the open internet. Every line of code can be traced back to its original author,
and all of those authors have public domain dedications on file. So the SQLite code base is clean
and is uncontaminated with licensed code from other projects.
Obtaining An Explicit License To Use SQLite
Even though SQLite is in the public domain and does not require a license, some users want to
obtain a license anyway. Some reasons for obtaining a license include:
"You are using SQLite in a jurisdiction that does not recognize the public domain.
"You are using SQLite in a jurisdiction that does not recognize the right of an author to dedicate
their work to the public domain.
"You want to hold a tangible legal document as evidence that you have the legal right to use and
distribute SQLite.
"Your legal department tells you that you have to purchase a license.
If you feel like you really have to purchase a license for SQLite, Hwaci, the company that employs
the architect and principal developers of SQLite, will sell you one.
Contributed Code
In order to keep SQLite completely free and unencumbered by copyright, all new contributors to
the SQLite code base are asked to dedicate their contributions to the public domain. If you want to
send a patch or enhancement for possible inclusion in the SQLite source tree, please accompany
the patch with the following statement:
The author or authors of this code dedicate any and all copyright interest in this code to the public
domain. We make this dedication for the benefit of the public at large and to the detriment of our
heirs and successors. We intend this dedication to be an overt act of relinquishment in perpetuity of
all present and future rights to this code under copyright law.
We are not able to accept patches or changes to SQLite that are not accompanied by a statement
such as the above. In addition, if you make changes or enhancements as an employee, then a
simple statement such as the above is insufficient. You must also send by surface mail a copyright
release signed by a company officer. A signed original of the copyright release should be mailed to:
Hwaci
6200 Maple Cove Lane
Charlotte, NC 28269
USA
Appendix D Open Software Announcements
WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide
274
A template copyright release is available in PDF or HTML. You can use this release to make future
changes
Copyright Release for
Contributions To SQLite
SQLite is software that implements an embeddable SQL database engine. SQLite is available for
free download from http://www.sqlite.org/. The principal author and maintainer of SQLite has
disclaimed all copyright interest in his contributions to SQLite and thus released his contributions
into the public domain. In order to keep the SQLite software unencumbered by copyright claims,
the principal author asks others who may from time to time contribute changes and enhancements
to likewise disclaim their own individual copyright interest.
Because the SQLite software found at http://www.sqlite.org/ is in the public domain, anyone is free
to download the SQLite software from that website, make changes to the software, use, distribute,
or sell the modified software, under either the original name or under some new name, without any
need to obtain permission, pay royalties, acknowledge the original source of the software, or in any
other way compensate, identify, or notify the original authors. Nobody is in any way compelled to
contribute their SQLite changes and enhancements back to the SQLite website. This document
concerns only changes and enhancements to SQLite that are intentionally and deliberately
contributed back to the SQLite website.
For the purposes of this document, "SQLite software" shall mean any computer source code,
documentation, makefiles, test scripts, or other information that is published on the SQLite
website, http://www.sqlite.org/. Precompiled binaries are excluded from the definition of "SQLite
software" in this document because the process of compiling the software may introduce
information from outside sources which is not properly a part of SQLite.
The header comments on the SQLite source files exhort the reader to share freely and to never take
more than one gives. In the spirit of that exhortation I make the following declarations:
1.I dedicate to the public domain any and all copyright interest in the SQLite software that was
publicly available on the SQLite website (http://www.sqlite.org/) prior to the date of the signature
below and any changes or enhancements to the SQLite software that I may cause to be published
on that website in the future. I make this dedication for the benefit of the public at large and to the
detriment of my heirs and successors. I intend this dedication to be an overt act of relinquishment
in perpetuity of all present and future rights to the SQLite software under copyright law.
2.To the best of my knowledge and belief, the changes and enhancements that I have contributed
to SQLite are either originally written by me or are derived from prior works which I have verified
are also in the public domain and are not subject to claims of copyright by other parties.
3.To the best of my knowledge and belief, no individual, business, organization, government, or
other entity has any copyright interest in the SQLite software as it existed on the SQLite website as
of the date on the signature line below.
4.I agree never to publish any additional information to the SQLite website (by CVS, email, scp,
FTP, or any other means) unless that information is an original work of authorship by me or is
derived from prior published versions of SQLite. I agree never to copy and paste code into the
SQLite code base from other sources. I agree never to publish on the SQLite website any
information that would violate a law or breach a contract.
Appendix D Open Software Announcements
WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide 275
Signature:
Date:
Name (printed):
This Product includes Stunnel software under the stunnel license.
stunnel license (see COPYRIGHT.GPL for detailed GPL conditions)
Copyright (C) 1998-2011 Michal Trojnara
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU
General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the
License, or (at your option) any later version.
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without
even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
GNU General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with this program; if not,
see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses>.
Linking stunnel statically or dynamically with other modules is making a combined work based on
stunnel. Thus, the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License cover the whole
combination.
In addition, as a special exception, the copyright holder of stunnel gives you permission to combine
stunnel with free software programs or libraries that are released under the GNU LGPL and with
code included in the standard release of OpenSSL under the OpenSSL License (or modified versions
of such code, with unchanged license). You may copy and distribute such a system following the
terms of the GNU GPL for stunnel and the licenses of the other code concerned.
Note that people who make modified versions of stunnel are not obligated to grant this special
exception for their modified versions; it is their choice whether to do so. The GNU General Public
License gives permission to release a modified version without this exception; this exception also
makes it possible to release a modified version which carries forward this exception.
This Product includes Zlib under the license by Zlib
Zlib License
Appendix D Open Software Announcements
WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide
276
/* zlib.h -- interface of the 'zlib' general purpose compression library
version 1.2.3, July 18th, 2005
Copyright (C) 1995-2005 Jean-loup Gailly and Mark Adler
This software is provided 'as-is', without any express or implied warranty. In no event will the
authors be held liable for any damages arising from the use of this software.
Permission is granted to anyone to use this software for any purpose, including commercial
applications, and to alter it and redistribute it freely, subject to the following restrictions:
1. The origin of this software must not be misrepresented; you must not claim that you wrote the
original software. If you use this software in a product, an acknowledgment in the product
documentation would be appreciated but is not required.
2. Altered source versions must be plainly marked as such, and must not be misrepresented as
being the original software.
3. This notice may not be removed or altered from any source distribution.
Jean-loup Gailly jloup@gzip.org
Mark Adler mdler@alumni.caltech.edu
WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide 277
APPENDIX E
Legal Information
Copyright
Copyright © 2011 by ZyXEL Communications Corporation.
The contents of this publication may not be reproduced in any part or as a whole, transcribed,
stored in a retrieval system, translated into any language, or transmitted in any form or by any
means, electronic, mechanical, magnetic, optical, chemical, photocopying, manual, or otherwise,
without the prior written permission of ZyXEL Communications Corporation.
Published by ZyXEL Communications Corporation. All rights reserved.
Disclaimers
ZyXEL does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any products, or
software described herein. Neither does it convey any license under its patent rights nor the patent
rights of others. ZyXEL further reserves the right to make changes in any products described herein
without notice. This publication is subject to change without notice.
Your use of the WiMAX Device is subject to the terms and conditions of any related service
providers.
Do not use the WiMAX Device for illegal purposes. Illegal downloading or sharing of files can result
in severe civil and criminal penalties. You are subject to the restrictions of copyright laws and any
other applicable laws, and will bear the consequences of any infringements thereof. ZyXEL bears
NO responsibility or liability for your use of the download service feature.
Trademarks
Trademarks mentioned in this publication are used for identification purposes only and may be
properties of their respective owners.
Certifications
Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Interference Statement
The device complies with Part 15 of FCC rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions:
• This device complies with part 15 of the FCC Rules.
• Operation is subject to the condition that this device does not cause harmful interference.
This device has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device pursuant
to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against
harmful interference in a residential installation. This device generates, uses, and can radiate radio
Appendix E Legal Information
WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide
278
frequency energy, and if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause
harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will
not occur in a particular installation.
If this device does cause harmful interference to radio/television reception, which can be
determined by turning the device off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the
interference by one or more of the following measures:
1Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.
2Increase the separation between the equipment and the receiver.
3Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is
connected.
4Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.
FCC Radiation Exposure Statement
• This transmitter must not be co-located or operating in conjunction with any other antenna or
transmitter.
• To comply with FCC RF exposure compliance requirements, a separation distance of at least 20
cm must be maintained between the antenna of this device and all persons.
注意 !
依據 低功率電波輻射性電機管理辦法
第十二條 經型式認證合格之低功率射頻電機，非經許可，公司、商號或使用
者均不得擅自變更頻率、加大功率或變更原設計之特性及功能。
第十四條 低功率射頻電機之使用不得影響飛航安全及干擾合法通信；經發現
有干擾現象時，應立即停用，並改善至無干擾時方得繼續使用。
前項合法通信，指依電信規定作業之無線電信。低功率射頻電機須忍
受合法通信或工業、科學及醫療用電波輻射性電機設備之干擾。
本機限在不干擾合法電臺與不受被干擾保障條件下於室內使用。
減少電磁波影響，請妥適使用。
Notices
Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could
void the user's authority to operate the equipment.
This device is designed for the WLAN 2.4 GHz and/or 5 GHz networks throughout the EC region and
Switzerland, with restrictions in France.
Ce produit est conçu pour les bandes de fréquences 2,4 GHz et/ou 5 GHz conformément à la
législation Européenne. En France métropolitaine, suivant les décisions n°03-908 et 03-909 de
l’ARCEP, la puissance d’émission ne devra pas dépasser 10 mW (10 dB) dans le cadre d’une
installation WiFi en extérieur pour les fréquences comprises entre 2454 MHz et 2483,5 MHz.
Appendix E Legal Information
WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide 279
This Class B digital apparatus complies with Canadian ICES-003.
Cet appareil numérique de la classe B est conforme à la norme NMB-003 du Canada.
Viewing Certifications
1Go to http://www.zyxel.com.
2Select your product on the ZyXEL home page to go to that product's page.
3Select the certification you wish to view from this page.
ZyXEL Limited Warranty
ZyXEL warrants to the original end user (purchaser) that this product is free from any defects in
materials or workmanship for a period of up to two years from the date of purchase. During the
warranty period, and upon proof of purchase, should the product have indications of failure due to
faulty workmanship and/or materials, ZyXEL will, at its discretion, repair or replace the defective
products or components without charge for either parts or labor, and to whatever extent it shall
deem necessary to restore the product or components to proper operating condition. Any
replacement will consist of a new or re-manufactured functionally equivalent product of equal or
higher value, and will be solely at the discretion of ZyXEL. This warranty shall not apply if the
product has been modified, misused, tampered with, damaged by an act of God, or subjected to
abnormal working conditions.
Note
Repair or replacement, as provided under this warranty, is the exclusive remedy of the purchaser.
This warranty is in lieu of all other warranties, express or implied, including any implied warranty of
merchantability or fitness for a particular use or purpose. ZyXEL shall in no event be held liable for
indirect or consequential damages of any kind to the purchaser.
To obtain the services of this warranty, contact your vendor. You may also refer to the warranty
policy for the region in which you bought the device at http://www.zyxel.com/web/
support_warranty_info.php.
Registration
Register your product online to receive e-mail notices of firmware upgrades and information at
www.zyxel.com.
Appendix E Legal Information
WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide
280
Regulatory Information
European Union
The following information applies if you use the product
within the European Union.
Declaration of Conformity with Regard to EU
Directive 1999/5/EC (R&TTE Directive)
Compliance Information for 2.4GHz and 5GHz Wireless
Products Relevant to the EU and Other Countries
Following the EU Directive 1999/5/EC (R&TTE Directive)
[Czech] ZyXEL tímto prohlašuje, že tento zařízení je ve shodě se základními
požadavky a dalšími příslušnými ustanoveními směrnice 1999/5/EC.
[Danish] Undertegnede ZyXEL erklærer herved, at følgende udstyr udstyr overholder
de væsentlige krav og øvrige relevante krav i direktiv 1999/5/EF.
[German] Hiermit erklärt ZyXEL, dass sich das Gerät Ausstattung in
Übereinstimmung mit den grundlegenden Anforderungen und den übrigen
einschlägigen Bestimmungen der Richtlinie 1999/5/EU befindet.
[Estonian] Käesolevaga kinnitab ZyXEL seadme seadmed vastavust direktiivi 1999/5/
EÜ põhinõuetele ja nimetatud direktiivist tulenevatele teistele asjakohastele
sätetele.
English Hereby, ZyXEL declares that this equipment is in compliance with the
essential requirements and other relevant provisions of Directive 1999/5/
EC.
[Spanish] Por medio de la presente ZyXEL declara que el equipo cumple con los
requisitos esenciales y cualesquiera otras disposiciones aplicables o
exigibles de la Directiva 1999/5/CE.
[Greek] ΜΕ ΤΗΝ ΠΑΡΟΥΣΑ ZyXEL ΔΗΛΩΝΕΙ ΟΤΙ εξοπλισμός ΣΥΜΜΟΡΦΩΝΕΤΑΙ
ΠΡΟΣ ΤΙΣ ΟΥΣΙΩΔΕΙΣ ΑΠΑΙΤΗΣΕΙΣ ΚΑΙ ΤΙΣ ΛΟΙΠΕΣ ΣΧΕΤΙΚΕΣ
ΔΙΑΤΑΞΕΙΣ ΤΗΣ ΟΔΗΓΙΑΣ 1999/5/ΕC.
[French] Par la présente ZyXEL déclare que l'appareil équipements est conforme
aux exigences essentielles et aux autres dispositions pertinentes de la
directive 1999/5/EC.
Appendix E Legal Information
WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide 281
[Italian] Con la presente ZyXEL dichiara che questo attrezzatura è conforme ai
requisiti essenziali ed alle altre disposizioni pertinenti stabilite dalla direttiva
1999/5/CE.
[Latvian] Ar šo ZyXEL deklarē, ka iekārtas atbilst Direktīvas 1999/5/EK būtiskajām
prasībām un citiem ar to saistītajiem noteikumiem.
[Lithuanian] Šiuo ZyXEL deklaruoja, kad šis įranga atitinka esminius reikalavimus ir kitas
1999/5/EB Direktyvos nuostatas.
[Dutch] Hierbij verklaart ZyXEL dat het toestel uitrusting in overeenstemming is met
de essentiële eisen en de andere relevante bepalingen van richtlijn 1999/5/
EC.
[Maltese] Hawnhekk, ZyXEL, jiddikjara li dan tagħmir jikkonforma mal-ħtiġijiet
essenzjali u ma provvedimenti oħrajn relevanti li hemm fid-Dirrettiva 1999/
5/EC.
[Hungarian] Alulírott, ZyXEL nyilatkozom, hogy a berendezés megfelel a vonatkozó
alapvetõ követelményeknek és az 1999/5/EK irányelv egyéb elõírásainak.
[Polish] Niniejszym ZyXEL oświadcza, że sprzęt jest zgodny z zasadniczymi
wymogami oraz pozostałymi stosownymi postanowieniami Dyrektywy 1999/
5/EC.
[Portuguese] ZyXEL declara que este equipamento está conforme com os requisitos
essenciais e outras disposições da Directiva 1999/5/EC.
[Slovenian] ZyXEL izjavlja, da je ta oprema v skladu z bistvenimi zahtevami in ostalimi
relevantnimi določili direktive 1999/5/EC.
[Slovak] ZyXEL týmto vyhlasuje, že zariadenia spĺňa základné požiadavky a všetky
príslušné ustanovenia Smernice 1999/5/EC.
[Finnish] ZyXEL vakuuttaa täten että laitteet tyyppinen laite on direktiivin 1999/5/EY
oleellisten vaatimusten ja sitä koskevien direktiivin muiden ehtojen
mukainen.
[Swedish] Härmed intygar ZyXEL att denna utrustning står I överensstämmelse med
de väsentliga egenskapskrav och övriga relevanta bestämmelser som
framgår av direktiv 1999/5/EC.
[Bulgarian] С настоящото ZyXEL декларира, че това оборудване е в съответствие
със съществените изисквания и другите приложими разпоредбите на
Директива 1999/5/ЕC.
Appendix E Legal Information
WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide
282
National Restrictions
This product may be used in all EU countries (and other countries following the EU
directive 1999/5/EC) without any limitation except for the countries mentioned below:
Ce produit peut être utilisé dans tous les pays de l’UE (et dans tous les pays ayant
transposés la directive 1999/5/CE) sans aucune limitation, excepté pour les pays
mentionnés ci-dessous:
Questo prodotto è utilizzabile in tutte i paesi EU (ed in tutti gli altri paesi che seguono
le direttive EU 1999/5/EC) senza nessuna limitazione, eccetto per i paesii menzionati
di seguito:
Das Produkt kann in allen EU Staaten ohne Einschränkungen eingesetzt werden
(sowie in anderen Staaten die der EU Direktive 1995/5/CE folgen) mit Außnahme der
folgenden aufgeführten Staaten:
In the majority of the EU and other European countries,the 2,4- and 5-GHz bands
have been made available for the use of wireless local area networks (LANs). Later in
this document you will find an overview of countries in
which additional restrictions or requirements or both are applicable.
The requirements for any country may evolve. ZyXEL recommends that you check
with the local authorities for the latest status of their national regulations for both the
2,4- and 5-GHz wireless LANs.
The following countries have restrictions and/or requirements in addition to those
given in the tablelabeled “Overview of Regulatory Requirements for Wireless LANs”:
[Icelandic] Hér með lýsir, ZyXEL því yfir að þessi búnaður er í samræmi við
grunnkröfur og önnur viðeigandi ákvæði tilskipunar 1999/5/EC.
[Norwegian] Erklærer herved ZyXEL at dette utstyret er I samsvar med de
grunnleggende kravene og andre relevante bestemmelser I direktiv 1999/5/
EF.
[Romanian] Prin prezenta, ZyXEL declară că acest echipament este în conformitate cu
cerinţele esenţiale şi alte prevederi relevante ale Directivei 1999/5/EC.
Appendix E Legal Information
WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide 283
Belgium
The Belgian Institute for Postal Services and Telecommunications (BIPT) must be
notified of any outdoor wireless link having a range exceeding 300 meters. Please
check http://www.bipt.be for more details.
Draadloze verbindingen voor buitengebruik en met een reikwijdte van meer dan 300
meter dienen aangemeld te worden bij het Belgisch Instituut voor postdiensten en
telecommunicatie (BIPT). Zie http://www.bipt.be voor meer gegevens.
Les liaisons sans fil pour une utilisation en extérieur d’une distance supérieure à 300
mètres doivent être notifiées à l’Institut Belge des services Postaux et des
Télécommunications (IBPT). Visitez http://www.ibpt.be pour de plus amples détails.
Denmark
In Denmark, the band 5150 - 5350 MHz is also allowed for outdoor usage.
I Danmark må frekvensbåndet 5150 - 5350 også anvendes udendørs.
France
For 2.4 GHz, the output power is restricted to 10 mW EIRP when the product is used
outdoors in the band 2454 - 2483.5 MHz. There are no restrictions when used
indoors or in other parts of the 2.4 GHz band. Check http://www.arcep.fr/ for more
details.
Pour la bande 2.4 GHz, la puissance est limitée à 10 mW en p.i.r.e. pour les
équipements utilisés en extérieur dans la bande 2454 - 2483.5 MHz. Il n'y a pas de
restrictions pour des utilisations en intérieur ou dans d'autres parties de la bande 2.4
GHz. Consultez http://www.arcep.fr/ pour de plus amples détails.
Overview of Regulatory Requirements for Wireless LANs
Frequency Band (MHz)
Max Power Level
(EIRP)1 (mW) Indoor ONLY Indoor and Outdoor
2400-2483.5 100 V
5150-5350 200 V
5470-5725 1000 V
R&TTE 1999/5/EC
WLAN 2.4 – 2.4835 GHz
IEEE 802.11 b/g/n
Appendix E Legal Information
WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide
284
Italy
This product meets the National Radio Interface and the requirements specified in the
National Frequency Allocation Table for Italy. Unless this wireless LAN product is
operating within the boundaries of the owner's property, its use requires a “general
authorization.” Please check http://www.sviluppoeconomico.gov.it/ for more details.
Questo prodotto è conforme alla specifiche di Interfaccia Radio Nazionali e rispetta il
Piano Nazionale di ripartizione delle frequenze in Italia. Se non viene installato all
'interno del proprio fondo, l'utilizzo di prodotti Wireless LAN richiede una
“Autorizzazione Generale”. Consultare http://www.sviluppoeconomico.gov.it/ per
maggiori dettagli.
Latvia
The outdoor usage of the 2.4 GHz band requires an authorization from the Electronic
Communications Office. Please check http://www.esd.lv for more details.
2.4 GHz frekvenèu joslas izmantoðanai ârpus telpâm nepiecieðama atïauja no
Elektronisko sakaru direkcijas. Vairâk informâcijas: http://www.esd.lv.
Notes:
1. Although Norway, Switzerland and Liechtenstein are not EU member states, the
EU Directive 1999/5/EC has also been implemented in those countries.
2. The regulatory limits for maximum output power are specified in EIRP. The EIRP
level (in dBm) of a device can be calculated by adding the gain of the antenna
used(specified in dBi) to the output power available at the
connector (specified in dBm).
Location Frequency Range(GHz) Power (EIRP)
Indoor (No restrictions) 2.4 – 2.4835 100mW (20dBm)
Outdoor 2.4 – 2.454 100mW (20dBm)
2.454 – 2.4835 10mW (10dBm)
Index
WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide 285
Index
A
AAA 68
AbS 151
accounting server
see AAA
ACK message 169
activity 68
Advanced Encryption Standard
see AES
AES 209
AH 144
ALG 93
algorithms 144
analysis-by-synthesis 151
Application Layer Gateway
see ALG
authentication 68, 207
inner 209
key
server 68
types 209
authorization 207
request and reply 209
server 68
auto-discovery
UPnP 115
B
base station
see BS
BS 67–68
links 68
BYE request 170
C
CA 69, 70
CBC-MAC 209
CCMP 207, 209
cell 67
certificates 207
CA 69
formats 69
verification 209
certification
notices 278
viewing 279
Certification Authority, see CA
chaining 209
chaining message authentication
see CCMP
circuit-switched telephone networks 151
Class of Service (CoS) 152
client-server
protocol 170
SIP 170
CMAC
see MAC
codec 151
comfort noise 171
copyright 277
CoS 152
counter mode
see CCMP
coverage area 67
cryptography 207
D
data 207–208
decryption 207
encryption 207
flow 209
WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide286
Index
DH 150
DHCP 91
server 91
diameter 68
Differentiated Services
see DiffServ
Diffie-Hellman key groups 150
DiffServ 152
DiffServ Code Point (DSCP) 152
marking rule 156
digital ID 70, 207
DS field 156
DSCP
see DiffServ
DTMF 159
dual-tone multi-frequency
see DTMF
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
see DHCP
E
EAP 68
EAP (Extensible Authentication Protocol) 70
EAP-TLS 70
EAP-TTLS 70
echo cancellation 171
encapsulation 145
encryption 207–208, 209
traffic 209
ESP 144
Ethernet
encapsulation 92
Extensible Authorization Protocol
see EAP
F
FCC interference statement 277
firewall 125
FTP 175
restrictions 175
G
G.168 171
G.711 151
G.729 151
H
hybrid waveform codec 151
I
ID type and content 148
identity 68, 207
idle timeout 175
IEEE 802.16 67, 207
IEEE 802.16e 67
IGD 1.0 94
IKE phases 146
inner authentication 209
inside header 146
Internet
access 68
gateway device 94
Internet Key Exchange 146
Internet Telephony Service Provider
see ITSP
interoperability 67
IP-PBX 151
IPSec
algorithms 144
architecture 144
NAT 147
IPSec VPN 137
ITSP 151
ITU-T 171
K
key 207
request and reply 209
Index
WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide 287
L
L2TP VPN 133
Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol VPN
see L2TP VPN
M
MAC 209
MAN 67
Management Information Base (MIB) 177
Message Authentication Code
see MAC
message integrity 209
Metropolitan Area Network
see MAN
microwave 67, 68
mobile station
see MS
MS 68
multimedia 152
N
NAT
and remote management 175
IPSec 147
server sets 92
traversal 94, 148
NAT routers 158
ND&S 77
negotiation mode 147
network
activity 68
services 68
network address translators 158
Network Discovery and Selection
see ND&S
O
outbound proxy 159
SIP 159
outbound proxy server 159
outside header 145
P
pattern-spotting 209
PBX services 151
PCM 151
per-hop behavior 156
PHB (per-hop behavior) 156
phone
services 159
PKMv2 68, 207, 209
plain text encryption 209
Point to Point Tunneling Protocol VPN
see PPTP VPN
PPTP VPN 129
pre-shared key 150
Privacy Key Management
see PKM
private key 207
product registration 279
proxy server
SIP 158
public certificate 209
public key 207
pulse code modulation 151
push button 103
Q
QoS 151
quality of service
R
RADIUS 68, 70, 207
WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide288
Index
Message Types 208
Messages 208
Shared Secret Key 208
Real-time Transport Protocol
see RTP
register server
SIP 157
registration
product 279
related documentation 3
remote management and NAT 175
remote management limitations 175
required bandwidth 151
RFC 1889 152
RFC 3489 158
RTP 152
S
secure communication 207
secure connection 68
security 207
security association 208
see SA
see QoS
server, outbound proxy 159
services 68
Session Initiation Protocol
see SIP
silence suppression 171
silent packets 171
SIP 152
account 157
ACK message 169
ALG 93, 159
Application Layer Gateway, see ALG
BYE request 170
call progression 167
client 170
client server 170
identities 157
INVITE request 169
number 157
proxy server 158
register server 157
servers 170
service domain 157
URI 157
user agent 158
SIP outbound proxy 159
SNMP 175
manager 177
sound quality 151
SS 67, 68
STUN 158, 159
subscriber station
see SS
supplementary phone services 159
system timeout 175
T
tampering
TCP/IP configuration 91
TEK 209
TFTP restrictions 175
TLS 207
ToS 152
Touch Tone® 159
transport encryption key
see TEK
transport layer security
see TLS
transport mode 145
trigger port forwarding
process 111
TTLS 207, 209
tunnel mode 145
tunneled TLS
see TTLS
Type of Service 152
U
unauthorized device 207
uniform resource identifier 157
Universal Plug and Play
Index
WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide 289
see UPnP
UPnP 93
application 94
auto-discovery 115
security issues 94
Windows XP 114
use NAT 158
user authentication 207
V
VAD 171
verification 209
virtual LAN
see VLAN
VLAN 119
examples 50
voice
activity detection 171
coding 151
mail 151
Voice over IP
see VoIP
VoIP 151
W
waveform codec 151
WiFi Protected Setup, see WPS
WiMAX 67–68
security 208
WiMAX Forum 67
Wireless Interoperability for Microwave Access
see WiMAX
wireless LAN
WPS 102
adding stations 103
push button 103
Wireless Metropolitan Area Network
see MAN
wireless network
access 67
standard 67
wireless security 207
wizard setup 25
WPS 102
adding stations 103
push button 103
WiMAX Device Configuration User’s Guide290
Index

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