RSTS PROFESSIONAL Volume 4, Number S October 1982 s1 ()00/issue, s35oo/year INSIDE: D ADDLIB - D $FAQ - The Formatted ASCII Output Directive D RSTS/E 3271 - Data Communications D PROTCT.B2S D EDITING SYSTEMS: EDT Revisited . D Multiple Versions of RSTS on One Disk D RSTS PROFESSIONAL CUMULATIVE INDEX D Some Word Processing Security Techniques D TIPS & TECHNIQUES: Optimizing BASICPLUS-2 Programs Through Profiling D The VAX-SCENE: VAX Performance Notes D The RSTS Crystal Ball - Part 3 D SIMINI - Part 2 D Further Feedback D RASCAL.BAS D Short But Useful D Degrading Your RSTS/E System D CUSP Enhancements D More . .. Get the printer system that's guaranteed ... from the leading add-on printer com pany, Southern Systems. You'll add-on a print er, plus unmatched expertise and to pqual ity service, when you add-on Southern Systems. Maxi mum perfo rmance/mi nimum downtime results from technological innovation, expert installation and longterm service, nationwide. Sales offices in all major U.S. cities and in western Europe, United Kingdom and Canada. Southern Systems The Printer System Problem-Solvers 2841 Cypress Creek Road, Fort Lauderdale, Florida 33309 (305 ) 979-1000 · (800) 327-5602 ·Telex 522135 In Canada (800) 661 -1165 [Alberta : (403) 230-2044] In Europe 44-3-726-7282 ,----------------------------1 I My computer system is a Name : II ... and I need a printer system in the speed T itle I range of: Compan y I I _ 33-55 cps (letter quality) I I - 200-300 lpm _ 600-900 lpm _1QOO plus ~~ I _Parallel Cit y I I _Serial (synchronous or asynchronous) My requirements are _Immediate State _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ z·, I I _3-6 months _For information only Telephone I L ----------------------------~ CIRCLE 2 ON READER CARD Provo, Ut - Suppose you have a customer that is having trouble running one of your programs on his system. He has a deadline to meet and needs the problem solved immediately (within minutes, not days). What do you do? GIVE IMMEDIATE SOFIWARE SUPPORT TOA USER OF ANOTHER SYSTEM your system you can establish links with other systems. There are no additional licensing costs for each new link Call up any remote system and transfer files whenever you need to. Link to his system using CALOUf. With CALOUT you go ahead and hook up your system to his. Do it with any standard phone line and modem. Once you' re in there with CALOUT, you can run any program on his systems through your terminal on your system. Watch the user run his program. Now, the idea is to run CONTRL on his system. With CONTRL you can see everything that is happening on his terminal. If the user does something wrong, you can tell him how to do it right. Or just type the correct entry in at your terminal. It will show up on the user's terminal too. See program bugs first-hand. With CONTRL you see any program bugs the user encounters. It's much easier to understand a problem when you see it yourself. And since the user knows you see it too, it boosts his confidence that you'll solve the problem quickly. Transfer the corrected program with CALOUf. Once you've fixed the program, you can get it to your user fast. With CALOUT you can send the program over the phone to his system. No need to worry about file attributes and protection codes. CALOUT takes care of them. Send binary or source files. It makes no difference. And if the phone line is noisy, CALOUT does error check- ing and correction which guarantees an accurate transfer. DOC lets user log problems. To log a problem the user just runs DOC. Then he can run programs on the system. DOC records all his input and computer output. But DOC does not interfer in any way with his program execution. The user can even make logs of screen painting programs. Retrieve the user's log files. Using CALOUT you can rapidly receive DOC log files and program reports from the user's system. Now you have on hand the exact input and computer output for the problem. What cleaner way to clear up complicated problems? Unique Bootstrap Capability The first time your system links up to a remote system, CALOUT automatically transfers the necessary sending and receiving modules to the remove system. No need for operator assistance. No special programs to load on the user's system by magtape or other convential distribution media. Link to any system you need to when you need to: License only the host system where CALOUT resides. With CALOUT on Utilities can be purchased together or separately. All utilities are available for VMS or RSTS/ E. For the VMS, DOC is called CATCHIT, and CONTRL is called DEMO. Also, you can use CALOUT to support systems running RSX-11 M, RT11 , and other operating systems. No installation. None of these utilities require any special hardware or installation. Just load the utility programs on your system and run them. In addition, each utility comes with a complete instruction manual. Clyde How to get more information. Call Mary at (80 1) 224-5306, or write: Clyde Digital Systems, Inc. 3707 North Canyon Road/ Bldg. 3-E, Provo, UT 84604. Booth 517, Dexpo West. CIRCLE 6 ON READER CARD October 1982 page 3 RSTSPROF'ESSIONAL.RSTSPROfl:SSIONALRSTSPROF'ESSIONAL.RSTSPROfl:SSIONALRSTSPROF'ESSIONAL.RSTSPROF'ESSIONAL.RSTSPROF'ESSIONAL.RSTSPROF'ESSIONAL.RSTSPROFESSIONALRST'SPROF'ESSIONAL.RSTSPROFESSIONALRST'SP Contents Coming · · · ADDLIB - Add a Resident Library Without an Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Edward A. Heinrich DEC says you can't ADD a RESLIB without specifying an address. Ed says you can. THE RSTS CRYSTAL BALL - Part 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Michael C. Greenspon The crystal ball this issue includes a TECO program to calculate Pl and news about V7.2: quite a magician. RSTS/E 3271 DATA COMMUNICATIONS .... ... ..... .. .... . ... . ....... .. . . . . 14 Michael H. Koplitz Communications with IBM Systems (or others ) will be a continuing series. Mike explains one method. PROTCT.B2S .. . ........ . .. . .. ............ ...... .. . .. ... . ....... ......... . 20 Ralph Zwier The monitor protects its files. now we can protect ours. EDITING SYSTEMS - EDT Revisited 22 David Spencer We love TECO AND EDT! MULTIPLE VERSIONS OF RSTS ON ONE DISK 30 Michael Mayfield V7.0 and V7.1 couldn't coexist before Mike figured out how. Will this work for V7.2? Read on and find out. RSTS PROFESSIONAL CUMULATIVE INDEX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 Greg Justice Long asked for and now a reality. Did we really publish all this? SOME WORD PROCESSING SECURITY TECHNIQUES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 Peg Leiby A reluctant author. but a rea l RSTS PRO, our own word processing expert tells us how to secure word processing documents from their own users. TIPS & TECHNIQUES - Optimizing BASIC-PLUS-2 Programs Through Profiling 40 Steven Edwards Want to make your programs run faster? Optimize them. How? Try this method. THE VAX-SCENE VAX Performance Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 Carl Marbach How do all the VAX processors stack up against each other? How about compa risons to the 11 series? Here's how you can find out. SFAO - The Formatted ASCII Output Directive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SO Bob 'MACRO MAN ' Meyer More MACRO for the millions from our own flying Guru. SIMINI - A Simulation Mini Computer PART 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SS John Cato Continuing the simulation of a computer in a computer. FURTHER FEEDBACK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 Paul O'Nolan More EDT from our friends on the 'Emerald Isle'. RASCAL.BAS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6S W. Franklin Mitchell. Jr. Now you will be ready for April 1983. SHORT BUT USEFUL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 we·ve given you small challenges in the past. this one·s a bit larger. DEGRADING YOUR RSTS/E SYSTEM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 Ph red Sometimes we can learn from other systems problems. If you don't have any this will tell you how to create some. A COUPLE OF CUSP ENHANCEMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86 Michael H. Koplitz A couple of cute CUSP enhancements to control and clean up CUSP clutter on your computer console. · Some EDT Wishes Granted · SIMINI Part 3 · Runtime Systems · A Login Command File · A V7.2 Report · Immediate Mode VT100 Functions ·More Performance Reports · Stock Quotes Using a RSTS System · RSTS/E in High Schools · ATPK.TEC · More ... From the Editors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Letters to the RSTS Pro . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Dear RSTS Man . . . (returns next issue) News Releases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 Classifieds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 List of Advertisers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 The RSTS Professional Magazine. October 1. 1982. Vol. 4. No. S. Published bi-monthly. Single copy price ' ICJ00· ' 3500 per year 3rd class: $50 Canada and US 1st class. All other countries. air mail. S60 US. Published by M Systems. Inc.. 161 E. Hunting Park Avenue. Philadelphia. Pa. 19124. Applicat ion to mail at Second Class postage rates is pending at Philadelphia. Pa. Send all correspondence and change of address to: Box 361. Ft Wash ington. Pa. 19034-0361. telephone (21 5) 542 -7008. Copyright ' 1982 by M Systems. Inc. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form without written permission from the publisher. RSTSPROF'ESSIONAL.RSTSPRQfl:SSIONALRSTSPROF'ESSIONAL.RSTSPROfl:SSIONALRSTSPROF'ESSIONAL.RSTSPROfESSIONAL.RSTSPROF'ESSIONAL.RSTSPROF'ESSIONAL.RSTSPROFESSIONALRST'SPROF'ESSIONAL.RSTSPROFESSIONALRST'SP Page 4 October 1982 RSTSPAOFESSJONA~PROFESSIONA~PROFESSIONAUlSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSJONA~PROFESSJONA~PROFES.510NAUlSTSPROFESSJONALRSTSPROFESSJONA~PROFESSJONA~PROFESSIONAUlSTSP From the editors. . . IF YOU WANT IT YOU HAVE TO ASK FOR IT Carl B. Marbach I have recently returned from the Australia DECUS meetings held during July in Melbourne. Victoria. Our RSTS friends 'down under' are some of the most friendly, fine people I have been priviliged to meet during my years of RSTS involvement. Next year's symposium chairman Chris Brett was a terrific host and we were proud to be able to participate with them at their meeting. For the sightseers in the group we hope to have some pictures and a full report in the next issue. I have now attended DECUS symposia in Canada. Britain, and Australia as well as the U.S. and I thought I would share with you one major difference between the U.S. and other countries which I think we can address. One of the valuable sessions I attended in Melbourne was titled "non-DEC Software Packages for RSTS/E." This session. given by users, gave no prices but did discuss what the package did, how well it did it. how easy it was to use. what kind of documentation was there and a users· overall evaluation of the product. Some of the products discussed included BACKUP packages. WORD PROCESSING packages, SORT utilities. SEARCH and SELECT packages and others. Each was discussed frankly. openly and by more than one person; every one of us in the room learned something about how to make our systems run and work better. Isn't that what we were there for? The closest the U.S. chapter has come to this type of discussion is with a 'birds of a feather' session where we once discussed a Word Processing system among users of that system. Have you ever tried to schedule a 'birds of a feather session'? Hard to do within the time constraints of a jam-packed five day DECUS symposium. Clearly, the U.S. chapter needs to move more towards serving the user directly with practical knowledge he can take home with him. A RSTS site around the corner from here doesn't send someone to DECUS (well. once they did) and I am sure their reasoning is that it doesn't make economic sense to the company. Most DECUS symposia fees are paid by companies and they have a right to expect something in return. If we don't give it to them then they won't come. Did you know that attendance was DOWN at the Atlanta meeting? I would suggest that one way to increase attendance is to make it more valuable for attendees and their companies. I have been told that if the SIG (RSTS in this case) wants to do something. they can do it if it doesn't violate any DECUS rules. Well if it doesn't violate them in Australia it doesn·t violate them in the U.S. (even if water does go down the drain counterclockwise). Would you like to have a session where users present their experience with non-DEC packages? Here's a deal: Write me a postcard (preferred) or a short note saying so and I'll fight a battle (if necessary) with the DECUS powers to make it happen. Send it to: Carl Marbach. non-DEC packages. Box 361. Fort Washington. PA 19034-0361. If you want it. we'll fight for you. Let there be no mistake: We want a non-DEC package seminar at the St. Louis spring DECUS meetings. I offer to chair the session and have at least ten packages presented by users. And remember: YOU asked for it! "It was seven years ago today Sergeant Pepper taught the band to play ... (sic)" Dave Mallery Seven years ago today, I was in Maynard. taking the RSTS series. I remember long afternoons in the lab get- ting that first record-io program to work . . . finally understanding the dif- ference between LET and LSET. I remember being shown a real live 11 /70 there in the field service training area. That was a great time for me. I was fresh from nine years of DP experience. first three years of RCA (remember the 501 ??(7243-61 )). then the balance in Big Blue. mostly assembly and communications, then a stint running a service bureau with a system-3/ 1O. then back to mainframes with a 135 running DOS/VS and CICS. The transition from IBM to DEC was a radical change. It's hard to imagine two more total- ly different philosophies within the same in- dustry. They certainly yield wildly different machines. (lsn·t it interesting how the 135's and 3/10"s are all gone today. but the 11I40's from pre-1975 are still going strong?) My 70 had to go down last night because of a power glitch. It had been up for fifty days. Other than tape and printer pro- blems. we were down a year ago with a disk problem . I can't remember when the pro- cessor went down last ... probably about four years ago. All the programs I wrote in the fall of 1975 are still operational. still in BASIC+. They have been through years of pruning and changing. and will probably be still functioning seven years from now on micro- J11 equipped desktop machines. They. basically, don't go down. I still write code. I write it in BASIC+ . I have learned a great deal about structured code in seven years (it didn't exist then) . . . I must say that I write much better code to- day than in 1975. I hope I can say the same in 1989. Hey Carl, what about that Sabbatical??? · Editors R. D. Mallery Carl B. Marbach Assistant EditorI Advertising Helen B. Marbach Assistant Editor/ Operations Peg Leity Administrative Assistant Hope Makransky Editorial Assistant Linda DiBiasio Subscription Fulfillment Kathi B. Campione Claire Hollister Steven Barsh Margie F. Pitrone United Kingdom Representative Pauline Noakes RTZ Computer Services Ltd. P.O. Box 19. 1 Redcliff Street Bristol. BS99-7JS Phone : Bristol 24181 Contributors John Cato Steven L. Edwards Michael C. Greenspan Edward A Heinrich Greg Justice Michael H. Koplitz Peg Le_iby Michael Mayfield Bob Meyer W. Franklin Mitchell. Jr. Paul O"Nolan Phred David Spencer Ralph Zwier Cartoons Douglas Benoit Game Verification Team Bill Marbach. Mary Marbach. Sydra Mallery. Sam Mallery Design & Production Grossman Graphics Printing & Binding Schneider Litho Co.. Inc. Cover Photo David Sheppard 11I40 Backplane. Flea's Eye View ALL PROGRAMS PUBLISHED IN THE RSTS PROFESSIONAL ARE WARRANTEED TO PERFORM NO USEFUL FUNCTION . THEY ARE GUARANTEED TO CONTAIN BUGS. THEY ARE DESIGNED TO GET YOU THINKING. THEY ARE INTENDED TO EDUCATE AND ENTERTAIN . THEY ARE PUBLISHED ON THE PREMISE THAT IT IS BETTER TO SPREAD PEOPLE·s BEST EFFORTS AROUND EVEN IF THERE IS AN OCCASIONAL PROBLEM . IF YOU USE THEM . MAKE THEM YOUR OWN. AND YOU WILL NOT GO WRONG. Editorial Information: We will consider for publication all submitted manuscripts and photographs. and welcome your articles. photographs and suggestions. All material will be treated with care. although we cannot be responsible for loss or damage. (Any payment for use of material will be made only upon publication.) *This publication is not promoted. not authorized. and is not in any way affiliated with Digital Equipment Corporation. Material presented in this publication in no way reflects specifications or policies of Digital Equipment Corporation. All materials presented are believed accurate. but we cannot assume responsibility for their accuracy or application. BEFORE you add memory <or anything else> to increase system performance You should add DDPTER! DOPTER is an easy to use RSTS/E disk copying program which INCREASES SYSTEM PERFORMANCE UP TO 50%. DOPTER performs all of the standard functions necessary to structure a RSTS/ E disk volume and automatically does the following: · Places all files and free space in their optimum positions. · Produces better optimized MFD/ UFD's than REORDR. · Deletes unused file attributes from source, task, and object library files saving UFO and cache accesses. · Places the most used files at the front of the UFD's. · Places the UFD's with the most activity toward the front of the M FD. For More Information If you would like more information on how you can increase the performance of your RSTS/ E system with DOPTER and a free copy of " RSTS/ E DISK OPTIMIZATION IN A MULTI-USER ENVIRONMENT', phone or write SPH today. · Places and pre-extends the M FD. RSTS/ E is a registered trademark of Digital Equipment Corporation. 5522 Loch More Court · Dublin, Ohio 43017 · 614-265-7788 CIRCLE 108 ON READER CARD System Performance House, Inc. Page6 October 1982 RSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONAl.RSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSP LETTERS to the RSTS Pro ··· Send letters to: Letters to the RSTS Pro. P.O. Box 361 . Ft. Washington. PA 19034-0361. Dear Sir or Mada m: The co mpla int ra ised by the Systems Ma nager for th e RSTS System a t th e Ba ptist Memo ria l Hos pital raises so me inte resting lega l poi nts. There is a n enorm ous insta lled base depend ent up on RSTS a nd the PDP-I I Syste m. It has beco me ob vio us ove r th e last seve ra l yea rs tha t th e VA X fa mily is no rea l improve ment fo r most of thi s insta lled PDP-11 / RSTS base. and th at perha ps D EC has made a nother ma rketing erro r perh a ps eve n mo re catastro phi c tha n its ill-fa ted wo rd processi ng effo rt s. WPS-I00/ 102/ 200/ 202. If such is the case. ma rk et fo rces will soo n dem o nstrate to D EC the erro r of their ways as it did in the case of the ea rly D EC wo rd processors. What is most significa nt to me as a n a tt o rney a nd RSTS-dependent profess io na l is tha t perha ps DE C has a do pted as a corp orate po licy the meth od o f planned system obsolescence a nd lac k of so ftware po rta bilit y characteristic o f ce rta in oth er compa nies in th e fi eld . If this is the case. then we. as DEC users co mmitted to RSTS a nd th e PDP-I I fa mily, have a legitima te co mpla int a nd wha t the la w refers to as a ca use of actio n. Any legal a ctio n should be directed aga inst D EC ma nage ment a nd co mpel them to recognize their fidu cia ry o bli gatio ns and res po nsibility towa rd the insta lled use r base for th eir majo r systems. As D EC a d vertised , pro moted , ma rk eted. a nd so ld. so they a re respo nsi ble to the users who co mmitted their business operati ons to those syste ms. Only a corporate catast rophe o n the o rder of reo rga nizati o n under the Ba nkruptcy Act sho uld limit the responsi bility of a Fortune 500 co mpa ny towa rd its custo me r's in vestm ent. This is eve n more the case where the co mpa ny is prim a rily a hardwa re vend o r ra ther tha n a co mpa ny p ro moting so ft wa re a pplicati o ns. Once befo re D EC demonstra ted simila r cava lier dis rega rd fo r its in sta lled use r base when it bro ught fo rth the PDP-I I system fa mily. Our firm was o ne of th ose so un fo rtuna te t o have co mmitted to the PDP-8 on the ad vice of DEC co rp orate ma nagement who assured us tha t lega l systems a pplicati o ns did not requ ire the investment in a PDP-I I syste m. a nd then two yea rs later when the PDP-8 syste m proved tota ll y ina dequ ate a nd it s promised upgrades were never brought to ma rk et. we were left to rebuild our firm's da ta processin g/ wo rd process ing/ da ta base ma nagement system with a used PDP-11 / 34 beca use DE C co uld not delive r I I/ 44 syste ms a t the time we needed the m. We consid ered litiga tio n a t tha t t ime. but fe lt th at we were a n iso la ted case a nd tha t D EC, unlike IBM , had a co rpora te policy o f use r support a nd loya lty to it s insta lled data base tha t wo uld rend er it essentially immune from lega l cha llenge. At thi s time, we a re no lo nger so ce rta in of these beliefs a nd a re giving se ri o us th ought to ra ising th e questi o n in the Co urt s by way of a class act io n o n beha lf of a ll those use rs so un fo rtun ate as to be simila rly situated . S uch a n acti o n would see k a d eclarato ry judgement impos ing upo n D EC th e duty to direct its system s evo luti o n towa rd the defin ed needs of its established use r base befo re di ve rting substa ntia l corporate resources t owa rd specula ti ve ventures o f limited utility a nd questi o na ble market va lue. As a represe nta ti ve of stoc kho ld ers in the co mpany as well as a user myself. I beleive tha t such a n actio n has merit unless a ra ti o na l ex pla nati o n is fo rthco ming fro m co rpora te ma nage ment a t D EC. The va lue of RS TS a nd the PDP-I I fa mil y is evide nced througho ut the Depa rtment o f D efense. other agencies of gove rnment, hos pita ls such as Baptist M emo rial Hos pita l, a nd o f most co ncern to me in th e a rena of litigati o n in the ra ther unequa l struggle between two a nd ha lf milli on esse nti a lly des titute Viet Na m co mbat ve tera ns with a PDP) J/ 34 operating und er RSTS E aga inst six of th~ largest multina ti o na l co nglo mera te co rporati o ns in the chemica l industry a nd a ll of their da ta process ing reso urces in the Age nt Orange litiga ti o n. We wo uld be interested in hea ring the co mments of other PDP-·I I fa mily use rs running RSTS a nd co ncerned a bout the co rpo ra te co mmitment of Digit a l Equipment Co rp orati o n to it s in sta lled da ta ba se. Very truly yo urs. YANN ACON E & YANNA CO NE. P .C. Vict or J o hn Ya nnaco ne, Jr. T houg ht yo u might find thi s interesting. It's a bo ut the "NONA ME-est" NO NA M E sta te I've eve r seen. it was produced by executing a 'C H A IN' in BAS IC-PL US to - N L:'. ""' /q<J ..1 q;A S I C -LfOF.l -c<OR I :'( 16 li'd 16 " :'.'!16Hd\O" I :'? . 6( +0 . 0 I t:'.'1,60 0 . QI l'>f<J4 /\l<J 4 "'r·J..i 'l<A S tC +f<.:. S IC ·f<tt. SIC -L(0 f;; I -1,.fO F\ I "L10 1'i I ..! 1 161" + lo/\ :'l l tPl\ +1 61\ :' C\o lr. l l~I\ 1:'7 . 61+0,Q) l :'.'7.600 . 01 1~7 . 6P Q . OI '" OJ : :Q IJ·J·Jl -8:'.' r,., .) l: ~ ., I J .l·J I S.:' "L ! ST Questi ons: a. Any way to get EDT to simula te TE CO's /7 2 a nd f B+ switches? b. Will future releases of CS PCOM be co mpatible with the pa tches. etc. ment io ned in th e a rti cle 'Gettin g Th e Most Out of CS PCOM' ( RS TS Pro.. V.3. #3. Sept. 198 1. p.64)you printed a while back? Thank s. K. Wa ll ewein . Progra mmer Ana lyst ATCO Ltd .. Ca lga ry Alberta Our Editor Columnist, David Spencer, answers your first question: Hold onto TECO because EDT 11"ill not do that fo r you autom atically, nor does there seem to be a 11·ay ofll"riting a macro to do it. b. Th e use of CS PCO M .for non rnsps is not supported. We belie1·e that it 11·il/ continue to be.functional in nell" releases. and if11·e are lucky enough to ha ve someone send us ne11· (if necessan") patches, ll"e 11·i// be able to k eep 'Getting the Most Out of CS PCOM '. Ed. Might I suggest inclusio n. every yea r o r so, of a n ind ex based o n a ll a rticles which have a ppea red in RS TS PROFESSIONA L to date. There is so muc h va lua ble in fo rma tio n in yo ur magazine tha t it tend s to get a little fru strating when o ne ca n reca ll see ing a n article o n a parti cula r to pic. but cann ot remember either th e issue o r the hea ding/ page und er which it a ppea red . E.N. Lyns key. Systems Ma nager C BL Wellingto n. Ltd .. Wellingto n. New Zea la nd No sooner said than done. see RSTS Professional Cumulative Index, by Greg Justice. on page 32 of" this issue. T he fo ll owing mac ros. includ ed in o ur sta nd a rd in itia lise r file ($TECO .IN I. loaded a ut o ma tica ll y if no user TECO.I N ! is a va ila ble) may be helpful additi o ns to the Erskine set ( RS TS Pro.. V.4. #3. June 1982. p .84). nMF moves fo rwa rd over n wd eofraduls~s w hil e to I in nMR reve rses both cases. a nd over a wo rd n is wo rds. a stri ng n of lette rs or di git s se pa rated by o ne o r more of th e characters loaded int o Q-register Z. As given, MR will lea ve the curso r a t the end o f a wo rd - to get it to leave th e curso r a t the sta rt of a word. include MF a ft er the cl os ing a ngle brac ket. ! load forwa rds macro ! @ IUF \ +OUZ QZ" E IUZ' QZ <@ :S/ IEG Z/ "S OA " R F > I F < ' JO; ' > \ ! load reverse macro ! @ IU R \ + OUZ QZ" E IUZ' QZ < R @-:S/ IEGZ/ " S R - IA "C F > I F < ' JO; '>\ ! de fi ne word separa tors ! @ IUZ" +-,() ' \ I! =:<>/ ( )" ! in cl ude 1ab, Ir, vt, ff, e r ! 9UZ 5 <@ QZ :IUZ// 11/oZ > $$ Yo urs S incerely, Au stin Kinsella R egiona l Technical Co llege, Ca rl ow, Irela nd Regarding LOGO UT's deletio n of .TMP fil es (A ugust 1982. V. 4. #4. Dear RSTS Man . p .36). Mr. (M s?) Ma n's a nswer neglected o ne co nsid erati o n. LOGO UT will delete"????" + NU M 1$(jo b.num %)+."TM P". Havin g chose n the fo rma t xxxx **.TM P as a reaso na ble fil e na me co nventi o n fo r so me te mpora ry fil es ma nipula ted in several of our applicati o n packages. we discove red these fi les we re "mys te rio usly" disa ppea ring. After sufficient fin ger-po inting a nd "yo u deleted them" accusati o ns a imed at our use rs (guilty until proven inn oce nt). we suspicio ned RSTS . S ure enough, part of a successful LOGO UT incl ud es ho use kee pping deleti o n of a ll files in the current acco unt na med ???? (your current jo b number); two pos itio ns: leading zero last. T MP . Useful when yo u kn ow it. Bo b Dudley. President Meramec Aut o ma ted S o luti ons. S t. Louis. Mo. Note: Si nce ???? is a mbi guous in co mm o n usage (o urs. not RSTS's), strictly spea kin g the deleti o n is l(,l(,00%**.TMP in RTI J's wild ca rd fo rma t; i.e. the jo b number must (!) occupy pos iti o ns 5 a nd 6 of the filen a me or the fil e will not be deleted . Wo uldn't it be ni ce if RSTS unde rst ood RT I J's wildcard * and % conventi o ns? I must res po nd to Michael Ko plit z's a rticle o n Th e RS TS / E Environment ( RS TS Pro.. April 1982. V.4. #2. p.74): The 3 JKW limitatio n is IN D EE D ca used by a sign problem - T he monito r mainta ins two locatio ns: MAXLOW a nd MA X HI which co nt a in res pecti ve ly th e hi ghest locati o n used by the user in the low-co re PL US o ne: a nd the LOWEST locatio n used by the jo bs RTS. with a 0 designa tin g th e NU LL rt s. RSTS co re ma nagement routines a nd user mapping ro utines use the co mpa riso ns: CMP MAX HI. MAXLOW C MP Addr. MA XLOW BHIS .. . . BLO . to dete rmine the lega lity of t he use rs low co re. S ince the a ll oca tio n unit by the monit or fo r use r memory is I KW. a 32 KW low co re. by th e rules above wo uld be represe nt ed by a I in M A X LOW. a nd a 0 in M AX HI hence ca using a sign problem in the co mpa riso ns. es pecia lly the BLO. NOT E howeve r. tha t when using libraries or RTS's. the full 32 KW vi rtu a l address space is ava ila ble. Under RSX monit o r emula ti o n. no intepretati o n of th e use r's high co re is used fo r pse ud ovectors. Instead . the mo nit or KNOW S a bo ut th e use r using RSX emula ti o n. a nd t ra ps errors a t th e ... continued on page 53 Picture Your Disk Files The next time your system is thrashing around, remember this: you could be losing up to 50 percent* of your performance due to fragmented files. DISKIT provides you with all the tools you need to create and manage well-structured disks. Use DISKIT to race through backup at 10,000 blocks/minute as it optimizes your disks. Plus, DISKIT includes four other tools which help you improve system security, programmer productivity, and system performance. For more information on this amazing product, please write or call. · Based on information supplied by our customers. Softvvare Techniques Incorporated Business tools for the work of man. 5242 Katella Avenue Los Alamitos , CA 90720 United States Phone : (714) 995-0533 287 London Road Newbury, Berkshire RG13 2QJ United Kingdom Phone : 44 (0) 635-30840 CIRCLE 65 ON READER CARD Pages October 1982 ADD LIB ADD A RESIDENT LIBRARY WITHOUT AN ADDRESS By Edward A. Heinrich. Real-Time Software. Inc. 420 Lexington Avenue. New York. N.Y. 10017 Copyright © 1982 by Real-Time Software. Inc. Introduction: With the release of V7.0 of RSTS, DEC provided us with the feature of resident libraries which can be used for a variety of applications such as interjob communications. shared data areas and/or re-entrant code that can be shared by many different tasks. i.e.. RMSRES. BASICS and EDT. The major drawback of resident libraries. at least from a system management point of view. is the fact that they must be added at a specific address. which the user must calculate. Proper system management dictates that the libraries be added either at the beginning or end of user space. I personally prefer the high end of memory since we can make adjustments to XBUF and the amount of data space used for buffers without having to worry about computing new load addresses for all the libraries. The Problem: At our installation we have several CPU's with different memory configurations. When we want to place the packs from one CPU on a different system. we have to recalculate the address to load the libraries or we wind up with either an '?Illegal byte count for 1/0' error message or fragmented memory. In addition. we also have 'foreign' memory on our systems. Whenever a memory problem arises. the old "It's the foreign memory" cry is heard and we have to pull it off the bus. Again a new address must be computed in order to successfully load the libraries. The Solution: These problems are not unique to our shop. A friend has the same problems at his installation and he suggested a program that calculates the amount of memory on the system and computes a load address for each library. Thinking it was a good idea. and not being able to resist a challenge. I have written a little utility which will add either a resident library or a runtime system at the highest available address in memory. The program checks for any locked out memory and the location of XBUF in an attempt to avoid any problems caused by disabling memory in the event of hardware problems or the placing of XBUF in an area of memory other than that immediately following the monitor and default runtime system . The program is run at system start-up time using an INIT. · command file. The input for ADDLIB consists of the amount of memory required by the library or runtime. a slash " /", and the name of the library or runtime to load and switches. For a resident library /REM. /1 USER. /RW. /NOLOG are valid switches. When a runtime system is requested. ADDLIB reads the default values from the last block of the runtime. The only valid switch for runtimes is /STAY. (What do you want from free software?) The program works to the best of my knowledge. it is currently installed on all our CPU's and at several customer sites. However. Real-Time Software makes absolutely no commitment to support it and takes no responsibility for any errors in it. The program was coded in Basic Plus 2. It can be compiled under CSPCOM if you make the variable names use '.'s instead of ·_·s. If you wish to make it run under Basic Plus. I leave it to you to take it down to that level. The following is an example of an INIT command file used at system startup to run ADDLIB. DBO: [1 .2]LIB.CMD Function: RUN ADDLIB To add Resident Libraries Edit Date: 26 May 82 DETACH LOGIN KB:(1.2] FORCE KB: RUN [1 .3]ADDLIB FORCE KB: 8/CSPCOM .LIB/STAY FORCE KB: 8/BASICS.LIB/STAY FORCE KB: 1/SRUN .LIB< 0 > /REM/RW FORCE KB: 1/[1 .3]SPOOL.LIB<0 > /REM/RW FORCE KB: FORCE KB: FORCE KB: 21 /EDT.LIB/REM FORCE KB: FORCE KB: BYE/F FORCE KB: ATIACH Project. : In-Uou :;~ Oevelop111ent Pro~ram : ADDLIB, B2S Author : Ed Heir.ri ch Reel - Tiri1e Softwar·e , Inc . ~20 Lexint:,ton Avenue NewYnrk, N.Y. 10170 Function : Add Re s Jrlent Librari es and Run-Tirue Sys tems Edit Date : 24 - May-82 Edit Level Inspiration : Vl.00 : John Re c henhe r·g of Avon Books I · ················ · ,.··· · ···.·············· ·· ·· · · · ·· · · · ······ · · ··· · · ···· · & Copyrieht (C) 1982 Real - TiDJe Sortwar·e, Inc . Ne\oi York, N. Y. 10170 The informcitJon in this so ftware is s ubject to chane.e \lllithout not.ice and s houl d no t. be construed as a comm J t.1r1er1t by Real- Time Software , Inc. TJ tlE- to and ownerst,ip of this software s hall at all limes reoia Jn wlt.h Rea l - TiD1e Soft war·e , Inc . Thh ~oftwar·e is unreleased and Real-Tinie Soft.war·e n1akes no <.·l1J1ntitoe nt to s upport it. & , · ······· ·················· ··············· ·············· ··· ······ ····· & I & I ADDLIB adds Run-Tiu1e Sy s tem and Resident Libraries at the high & I end of physical u.emory without the need for· the operator to & I compute a location. I I Input f ormat: Length of o;emory needed, ' I' , and RTS or LIB nao1e to add wit.h any s wit ches - / STAY for RTS /REH , /lUSER , /RW, /NOLOG f or LIB <CR> or "' z to exit Input exaJr.ple: 23/RHSRES . LIB/REM Requires 23K of memory and requests removal fr oD· meuory when no jobs are attached to it. tI ·· ················· ·················································· & & THE HOUSE of~ Under one roof, Hamilton provides all your VAX needs. Here's how: RENTAL Latest VAX Systems for 6 to 24 month rentals, with full upgrade flexibility , purchase option and prompt delivery. TIMESHARING Extensive VMS based library of DEC layered prod- ucts , application packages and software tools . RSTS /RSX to VMS Conversion Services featuring fully supported PDPll operating systems for media and software conversion . SOFTWARE LIBRARY Including Word Processing, Data Base Management, Business & Engineering Graphics , Accounting , System Management and Accounting, Container Optimization , COBOL Program Generator. HARDWARE CONFIGURING All DEC systems and peripherals together with Hewlett Packard and Tektronix graphic devices , Dataproducts and Diablo printers , pretested and installed on your site with manufacturers warranty and maintenance available. VAX , VMS, PDPll , RSTS , RSX , RTll & CTS are trademarks of the Digital Equipment Corporation 1111111111111IIII111111111111111111111111111111111 11111111 -- -- : HAMILTON : -- -- : 6 Pearl Court, Allendale, N.J. 07401 : : Please rush me information on the followi ng: : HGL Software Hamilton Ren tals ----: -------- : ------------- (C ircle and / or fill o ut item s below) RENTAL 730/750/780 PDPll TIMESHARING APPLICATION CONVERSION RSTS RSX RTll CTS SOFTWARE HARDWARE Nam Positio Company Add res City Telephone Number Stat Zi : - 6 Pearl Court, Allendale, N.J. 07401 -- TOLL FREE 800-631-0298 - In New J ersey 201-327- 1444 ---- 415 Horner Ave., Toronto, M8W4W3 -- 416-251-1166 -- TOLL FREE -- Ont. & Que. 800-268-2106 - All Other Prov. 800-268-0317 ---- NEW YORK · DALLAS · MONTREAL · CALGARY ------ LONDON · PARIS · DUSSELDORF CIRCLE t 0 ON READER CARD Page 10 October 1982 RSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONAU15T'SPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROF'ESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONAU15T'SPROFESSIONALRSTSP 120 ,..................................................................... HODIFICATIOll t!ISTORY Ver Edi l Date Who Reason ,,................V..l...O........2..9..-..A..p..r..-..8..2........ea..h........O....r..i..g..in....a..l....R..e..l..e..a..se.............................................. I PROGRAM VARIABLES DEFi llED Variable Used For E_llD_llEl10RYS F_ILE$ FJLES L_ EllS QJ S_WI1'CH$ SYS_CALLH ) TJ T_PS End of systems phy s ical meri·o ry Run- Time or Library to Add Pointer t.o the last block in , RTS Length of memory needed 61 t niap Any swilche ~ to apply to the Add .Sys cal J \.l<ll'k nrr·ey Flag for switches present Flat f or either . LIB o r . RTS , ····································································· & 8DO 1····································································· ,.......................W...0..R.K.....S...P..A.C...E.......................... DIM SYS_CALLS( 3D:I) \ LJlll # lf, F_ILES(112:1,255:1) SYS ~ork array .RTS v!rlual array \ llAP (FIRQe) \ HAP (FinQH) FIRQB$ · 30:1 FILL$ · 8:1, ! FIRQE ·apped M_EHLSTf 900 ! ····································································· 2200 3000 3100 E_llD.J<El10RY$ Pf:EK ( T_EllPS + BJ) I 32S B_EG..)CBUF:I PEEK ( X_BUFS + SS) I 32S UID..JCBUF:I B_EG_lCBUFS + ( PE:EK ( lLliUH + 61) AND 255 %) - lJ l;_ND_RSTS:I PEEK( I U:HLSTS + 6~) AND 255% \ IF LOCK:I THEN B_EG_LOCKS · PEEK(L_ OCKS + 8:1) I 32% \ E_tlD_LOCKS · B_EG_LOCK:I + (PEEK(L,_OCKi + 6%) AllD 255 %) -1:1 I Store the t·r 1d of physical memory Calculate the beeinnine and end of XBUF ! Calculate end of monitor (Moni Lor 1st entry in MEMLST) ! Chc>ck for locked out memory and compute it if sorr.e tcode for input of data PRINT IDS PRINT #OJ, 'Ent er Lencth and flame of LIB or RTS to be Added ! User in:5tructions INPUT LINE #0%, T_EHP$ & \GOTO 320DD UNLESS LEll(EDIT$(T_EMP$ ,-1:1 )) & \ !J · INSTR(1S,T_EHP$ , '/') & \ GOTO 3100 UNLESS I J & \ LEN% · VAL%(LEFT(T_EHP$,IJ-U )) & \ T_EHP$ · EDIT$(RIGHT(T_EHP$,IJ+1S), 189:1) & \ CHANGE FSS$(T_EHP$, 1%) TO SYS_CALL:I & \ IF RECOUNT & THEN F_ILE$ · LEFT(T_EHP$,LEl/(T_EHP$)-RECOUllT) & \ S_WITCH$ · RIGHT(T_EHP$,LEll(T_EMP$) - RECOUNT+1 ) & \ TJ · -U & ELSE F_ILE$ · T_EHP$ & I Take in a command & I Look for amount of memory we need & I Reprofilpt i f we don 1 t get an ans wer & Store it as integer & Clean it up a bit & £)(it unless one & I Do a filf' riame scan (.FSS) on it & I IF recount then we may have switches & Isolate file name and switches & Set flag for later use & I ELSE Just save the who] e mess & 1000 2DOO 2 100 C 0 I'· P l I F T J M E VARIABLE S ! f · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · ti · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · . DEf'lJjf . PPG$ ; I Alll>Ll~ v 1. 0 I ' . ot:F'JNE .FllC$ : "Re01l - Tim e So ftwar·e , Inc. -- Add s f\TS ' s and LIB's" ! Sor;C' t1m1dy :.1t.riris~ ttt:.C ! t t j; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H A I N P1'0GRAM L 0 G ! C 1··11<···· ··· 1r111 11111························ ·······c····tlit1111 11ttt & Ot/ Efdi<.:- CiUTO 23CJCJO ! ErTor· traps \ PRUT i;{I~ \ PkINT #OS, .PRG: + f!T + P.JWT(SYS(CVT,;$(1545:1)),3fl \ PRINT rO:I, · FUC~ ! Prot,rao idenU fi c:CJt.iori FUQB~ · SYS(CHfc$(6:1) + CH11H - 3S)) ! Get Ull . 11: 1 T_EMP% : 1'LEl '.LSTj I Scve it 111 Ler ·po rC:try va r·iable \"!!Lio - U \ N_F.XT% = f'l:EK('l_l:.MP% + 2J) \ GOTO <'<CO UNLESS N_EXT:I \ T_EMP:I · N_EXT:I \ X_BUf':I · K_EXT% IF (~_EXT:I AND 2X) \ 1.,_0CK:I · N_t:XT% IF (N_HT:I AND 4S) \ NEXT Loop Ct while F'ol low L1t:ii1or·y l i ~ t poi ntt>J ':.> until thet·e arE:n ' t ei.ny r.c:o1·e Look for and save XBUF and Locked out meii1ory locations Save previous pointer if u·or·e 3200 3300 36DC T_Pi · 16J T_PS · 128S IF RAD$(SYS_CALL% ( 11S)+SWAPS(SY S_CALLS(I2S))) I T_Pj j s flae; for RTS/LIB I Defaults to . LIB SYS_C ALLS(IJ) · OS FOR I J · 11:1 TC 2D :I \ GOTO 3400 UNLESS T_P% · 128% \ GOSUB 10000 \ GOTO 3600 UNLESS TJ ' QJ · o:i \ SYS_CALL):(18S) · SYS_CALLi{18S) OR 1<8% IF \ GOT O 3600 INSTR(1J , S_WITCH$ ,' /STA't 1 ) Clean out part o f the FIRQB I Skir over unless ·sonie swi Lches ! Look f or /.STA) ( We take de f aults ft·om the RTS) QJ o:i \ QJ QJ OR 2): JF INSTR( 1):, S_\iITCH$, ' I 1USER ' ) \U QJ OHo% IF INSTR(1:1,S_WITCH$, ' /Rll ' ) \QJ QJ OR8J IF INSTR(1:1,S_Wl1'CH$, ' /NOLOG ' ) \ QJ · QJ OR 16:1 IF INS1'fi(l:l,S_WITCH$,'/REll') \ SYS_CALLH 18f) · SYS_CALL:I( 18S) OR 128% IF IN S'l'h( 1j , S_WI1CH$, ' /STAY') UNLESS QJ Al/D 16:1 Looi{ f or· Lil r·cu·y ::.wll c he s Check for po ::isible co nfi ct on s t..ay swi Leh ! (IRE~: t ake !' pr t>c·edence) c>onipvtt- ar. add r · es~ Lo oc.ld C:tt L_OADS · E_ND_MEl '.CkYf - L_ENS E;_)IU_ltEll uRH · !.,_0ADi l Sul.IL ' HTS ' & & & & & & · VT100 VT101 VT102 VT125 VT131 LA12 LA34 LA50 LA100 LA120 PDP 11 /23 11 /44 & VAX INTERFACES MODEMS with standard and c ustom software CIRCLE 25 ON READER CARD Fromnowon, theres only one choice for financial modeling software: MAPS/HOST MAPS/PRO (well, maybe two choices) MAPS/HOST runs on DECs PDP and VAX computers. MAPS/PRO runs on DECs new Professional 350 desktop computer. Both have a common planning language. Both feature large multidimensional worksheet capacity, userfriendly dialog, visual data editing, unlimited logic with extensive financial functions, multi-level hierarchical consolidations, "what if" and sensitivity analysis, target-seeking, a built-in financial database subsystem and business graphics. Call us tollfree at (800) 547-1000 (in California call (415) 856-1100) or return the coupon for further information. ross systems /ncorporatetf 1900 Embarcadero Road Palo Alto, CA 94303 (415) 856-1100 Regional Offices: New York, Dallas, San Francisco, Los Angeles ------------------- I Ross Systems 1900 Embarcadero Road, Palo Alto, CA 94.30.3 I I I YES Send me information on MAPS/PRO and MAPS/HOST I I NAME I T ITLE I I COMPANY I I A D D RESS I CITY, STATE, ZIP I I TELEPHONE RSTS 1082 CIRCLE 1 ON REA DER CARD Page 12 October 1982 THE RSTS CRYSTAL BALL - Part 3 By Michael C. Greenspan. Integral Information Systems. Los Angeles. California No portion of this document may be reproduced for profit without the express written permission of Integral Information Systems. The information in the document is believed to be accurate and correct. however Integral Information Systems assumes no liability for any errors which may appear in t his document. or any changes which may occur in the described software. Greetings. fellow RSTS users. This month, the Crystal Ball offers monitor enhancements, late breaking news on V7.2, and other items of interest to the RSTS community. RANDOM Before I dive into monitor hacking, I have a few random notes for you. The following definition was (anonymously) submitted last month. I thought I'd pass it along to you. DCL \dee' cee ehl \ abbr. [cs. DEC's "user interface"] 1: Decrepit Command Language. 2: Command Language of the Damned . 3: DEC's Colossal Lossage. If you program in TECO, or even if you don't, consider this little gem. I wish I could give credit to the author. but. alas, the version I have is completely uncommented, and I have no idea where it came from. Note that any dollar signs ($) in the following listing are really ESCapes. and uparrows (I) indicate control characters. +OUN QN""E 20UN . BUH BUV HK QN < J BUQ QN' 10/ 3UI QI < \ +2 ' 10+ (QQ'Ql)UA BL K Q1'2-1UJ QA/QJUQ QA-(QQ'QJ)-2 \ 10@1/ / -1% 1 t QQ/ 10UT QH+QT+48UW QW-58..E 48UW % V . QV..N QVIT . QWUV QQ-(QT' 10)UH > QVIT @I A/ / SS Don't feel bad if it isn't immediately obvious to you what this macro does. It's name is Pl.TEC. It takes one argument, the number of digits to calculate (default is 20), and outputs the value of pi on the terminal. The more digits of precision you ask for. the longer it takes to calculate each one. I have run it successfully with an argument of 1000, however, it took over a week to complete on our 70. If anyone knows who the original author is. please drop me a note. MONITOR ENHANCEMENTS If DEC saw the copy of RSTS that we are running. they probably wouldn't recognize it. Our monitor is quite nonstandard. due to many features I have added. My latest monitor hack is an implementation of system load averages. similar to those maintained by Tenex, TOPS-20, etc. Load average is a figure which gives an immediate. obvious indication of system loading. Basically, load average is the number of processes (or jobs. in this case) needing CPU time. averaged over a period of time. (Conversely, you can think of load average as the average number of CPUs it would take to give everyone full attention.) Three averages are maintained: 1. 5, and 15 minutes. The averages are internally computed using pseudo double-precision math. and are normalized to 16 bits for ease of use. The averages are fixed point, and are accessed by PEEKing at cells in monitor memory. I have modified my MACR0-11 SYSTAT program to print the averages (like TOPS-20), and it would be trivial to modify DEC's SYSTAT to do the same. Eventually, I will rewrite the TISYST code (control/T) and include the one minute load average in it (again. like TOPS-20). The source for the load average code (LOADAV.MAC) is listed at the end of the article. The load average computation routine is called once a second through the DECnet NSP timeout hook. I used this since it is directly accessible in source form from TBL.MAC; i.e.. requires no binary patches. I modified the hook so that DECnet SHOULD still work. however since our sites are running our own kludge-net for the moment, I can't guarantee this. (If you have problems. contact me and I'll investigate.) Once a second, every second, the load average code scans JOBTBL and counts the number of jobs in a run state. Optionally, it will include jobs in a disk wait. or any other type of wait. so if your system is disk bound, the load average will still "feel right." The code then takes this count. averages it into the old buckets. and normalizes the result to 16 bits. The computation routine is all executed at priority 3, and it is very short, so system impact should be minimal. (For those of you who are still having small buffer problems. the load average code takes up about 3-4 small buffers.) The normalized result is stored as load average multiplied by 100 decimal. The three load averages are stored in three consecutive words. The address of these words is pointed to by a word I have located in TIDINT, directly preceding TIYHCT (i.e.. at TTYHCT-2). Since the TIYHCT address is returned by the get monitor tables call. it is easy to find the load averages, and without hard-coding an address in your programs. I am currently running the load average code under V7.1, and it should work without problems under V7.0 and later. I have not encountered any complications as a result of this code. but please remember that it is unsupported and will void any DEC software service agreements you have. Installation of the load average code is quite simple. The files TBL.MAC and TIDINT.MAC (on the RSTS sysgen tape) need to be modified. CPATCH command files to do this are listed in figures 1 and 2. The source file LOADAV.MAC must be assembled and linked with RSTS in the sysgen process. LOADAV.MAC should reside on the current account during sysgen. The CPATCH command file to modify SYSGEN .CTL . .. continued on page 51 TRIOAHIT The system that offers PRODUCT/II/TY TRIDAKIT is a set of application development modules that automatically generates up to 90% of program code four times faster than conventional programming methods. Programmers can instruct TRIDAKIT to produce on-line applications with simple easy-to-use commands. Incorporated in TRIDAKIT is a powerful file management system which can open and maintain 255 files simultaneously. TRIDAKIT based applications allow for caching of files, reduced use of the File Processor (FIP), and a reduction in the use of small buffers. ACCURACY Included with TRIDAKIT are documentation, programming, operations and project management modules. Application program code errors are practically eliminated. Detailed documentation is automatically produced as a by-product of the application definition. Changing the documentation changes the program code. With TRIDAKIT, each member of the project team always has the latest, most up-to-date version of the documentation. PLU51ffORE Security is strictly enforced with TRI DAKIT. Each user of TRIDAKIT must be defined before an application can be accessed. TRIDAKIT is responsive to special problems that are commonly forgotten in applications such as audit trails, 1/0 tracing and "point-offailure" data base recovery. These are automatically included in TRIDAKIT based applications. INFOR/ffAT/ON If y9u would like more information on how you can increase application development productivity with TRIDAKIT, phone or write today. RSTS/ E is a registered trademark of Digital Equipment Corporation. ~ Tridacor Systems, Inc. ~ 820 FREEWAY DRIVE NORTH · CO LUMBUS, OHIO 43229 · (614) 431-0805 CI RCLE 82 ON READER CAR D Page 14 October 1982 RSTS/E 3271 DATA COMMUNICATIONS By Michael H. Koplitz RSTS/E 3271 protocol emulator (PE) allows a user program on a RSTS/E system to exchange data with an IBM 370 series computer. The IBM can be running either CICS/VS or IMS/VS operating system. 3271 PE emulates the IBM 3271 device. The RSTS/E system requires an additional software package and some additional hardware. IBM's 3271 The IBM 3271 is a hardware device that controls up to thirty-two printers and display terminals. 3271 is a part of the 3270 Information Display System (IDS). The 3270 IDS subsystem is a fixed function, terminal-oriented system designed for use in an on-line interactive data communications environment. The host IBM computer looks for input data from each of its transmission control unit (TCU) resources. The TCU controls data between the 3271 units attached to it. The IBM utilizes polling . The polling employs a round-robin method to see if each TCU has any messages. Every TCU is polled for information. RSTS/E does not use polling. RSTS/E uses a vector interrupt scheme. RSTS/E will only respond to a terminal if it informs the CPU that data is waiting. This is a more efficient system. If one user is on the IBM, he must wait for all TCUs to be examined before his entries are processed. On the RSTS/E system the one user would have exclusive use of the system because his would be the only terminal Interrupting the CPU. RSTS/E 3271 EMULATION RSTS/E 3271 is a combination of hardware and sOft- ware. The major difference between IBM and RSTS/E 3271 Is that the RSTS/E 3271 requires some program interface. The user program is responsible for transmitting and processing data. A KMC11 /DUP11 device pair is used to transmit data between the PDP-11 and IBM 370. The KMC11 /DUP11 supports up to eight simultaneous communication links. ········~- ····-··· -··--·- I 1usar· JOD 11->I : I I II I I -------·--·- I ! I I < I I I I ;i 1->I J i · t ··· >-i I -·-··-··1->1 KH C11 I l<-1 I I ····----- ---·-------- I v I I v I I I lu·°' JOQ Nl->I R I I R I I I ·····~····"'· .............. ------- I I 1 I I I - -------- 1->1 OU P11 1-- I<- I I I -----------·-----------------------·e·o,-y ------------- -------- - I \ tI IBM l70 PDP-11 RSTS/E 3271 COMPONENTS HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS The hardware needed for RSTS/E 3271 communica- tions is: 1. DUP11 2. KMC11 3. Modem DUP11 The DUP11 is a synchronous serial line interface which is capable of "full duplex·· communications. The DUP11 translates serial data to parallel data and also translates parallel data to serial data. Data is transmitted to the DUP11 from the UNIBUS in parallel. The communication channel must have serial data transmission capabilities. The DUP11 can transmit data at a maximum speed of 19200 bits per second. The DUP11 supports DIGITAL's DDCMP and IBM's Bi-SYNC protocols. A double-character-buffer is utilized for receiving and transmitting data. This feature allows for maximized data throughput. The DUP11 can be placed in a multiport network. The DUP11 adds the SYNC characters that IBM requires and also strips these SYNC characters when data is returned from the IBM. KMC11 The KMC11 is a general purpose microprocessor with UNIBUS compatibility. The KMC11 is used to reduce the load on the CPU and is therefore used to be a data handler rather than a data processor. The functions of the KMC11 are determined by the microprogram contained in its instruction memory. The KMC11 is not programmed to modify its own instruction area. therefore the CPU must load this area for the KMC11. In 3271 PE communications the KMC11 performs the following functions: 1. Monitors the synchronous communications line via the DUP11 for line errors. 2. Maintains the binary synchronous communication (SSC) line discipline required for interprocessor communications. 3. Translates EBCDIC to ASCII and ASCII to EBCDIC. 4. Calculates the CRC-16 (cyclic redundancy check function 16) for both incoming and outgoing data blocks. It validates CRC-16 on the incoming data's block check characters (BBC). 5. Controls transfers of messages between itself and the PDP-11 memory. The PDP-11 CPU is not involved in this transfer. 6. Handles the conversational SSC polling sequence. 7. Handles the conversational SSC protocol as implemented by the IBM 3271. MODEMS Any of the following modems or equivalents is needed at both ends of the communication line. 1. Bell 212 (1200 bits/second) 2. Bell 201 C (2400 bits/second) IWlltlC1:11wr llN l.l~IE INl=llllMll'IO~I...1=1111M IHE llRllllllCl'lll~I LINE 1'11 l'HE 11111'1UM 1.11111:. Running a manufacturing plant requires a processors to process the data they need. On constant flow of timely information. Not just in the other hand, you'll like the system's sophis- terms of nuts and bolts. But in dollars and cents. tication. Modular flexibility. Multi-level security. And MAXCIM provides precisely that. Extensive audit trails. And graphics capability. On-line, real time information ... from the pro- You'll also appreciate the complete system duction line to the bottom line. documentation we provide. And the profes- It's the ultimate manufacturing and finan- sional training, installation and support services cial management system. Designed specifically you receive. All backed by the experience to maximize your plant's productivity. And min- we've gained working with hundreds of imize costs. Operating on-line, in an interac- companies, large and small. tive mode, MAXCIM is a comprehensive If you're looking at manufacturing and system of manufacturing and financial software financial management systems, you can't afford modules integrated through one common data- to overlook MAXCIM. No other system is so base ... a system which provides immediate comprehensive. So flexible. Or so well-supported. inquiry capability to manufacturing, finance, Call NCA today. Or write for our brochure. engineering and marketing. So management can control the entire manufacturing process. While it's still in process. Designed to run on *DEC PDP-11 and VAX minicomputers, MAXCIM is user friendly. Data entry and inquiry are menu-driven via NCA CORPORATION Manufacturing/ 388 Oakmead Parkway Sunnyvale, CA 94086 (408) 245-7990 standard CRT and teleprinter terminals. So plant personnel don't have to be data *DEC, PDP-11 and VAX are trademark s of Digital Equipment Corporation. Baltimore · Boston · Chicago · Dallas · Houston · Los Angeles · Portland · Sunnyvale/ Sydney, Australia CIRCLE 52 ON READER CARD Page 16 October 1982 RSTSPROFESSIONAlASTSPROF'ESSIONAL.RSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSI ONALRSTSPROFESSIONAL.RSTSPROFESSIONAL.RSTSPROF'ESSIONAL.RSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONAlASTSPROFESSIONAL.RSTSPROF'ESSIONALRSTSP 3. Bell 208 (4800 bits/second) KMCUT.BAS 4. Bell 209 (9600 bits/second) KMCUT.BAS is a BASIC-PLUS compiled program SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS The 3271 PE package must be purchased from DEC: this is a separate software package. There are two drivers that are added to the monitor. The microprogram for the which directs the llDVR and XKDVR to initialize the KMC11 /DUP11 communication link. It also can terminate the link. KMCUT.BAS also causes the loading of the KMC11 microprogram. KMC11 and two utility programs come with the package. The rest is up to the user. SYSGEN OPTIONS During SYSGEN time the 3271 PE support must be added to the monitor. The SYSGEN questions are: KMC11 's ·oo· 1 Do you wish IBM protocol support · No· YES Software Tools for RSTS/E Evans Griffiths & Hart, Inc., a pioneer in the development of RSTS and the winner of an ICP million dollar award for KOSS and TAM, offers packages that save you time and improve your productivity. · KOSS , a complete multi-terminal key-to-disk data entry subsystem . Eliminates the need for keypunching and stand-alone key-to-disk systems. (Also available for VAXl'/MS and RSX- I IM.) · TAM, an efficient multi-terminal screen-handling facility that provides complete support for the development of transaction-processing applications on a wide variety of terminals. (Also available for VAXl'/MS and RSX-1 I M) · FSORT3, a very fast sort/merge package for RMS and non-RMS files. More economical of disk space than SORT-I I and much faster. MTO.BAS MTO .BAS allows the system mana- . ger to monitor the communi- cat i on link . Communication line status can be displayed . Amounts of data going back and forth can be examined. RSTS/E buffer space. used by 3271 can be manipulated. llDVR The II: driver is the input/output interface between the RSTS/E program and the KMC11 program. The II: driver also performs the following functions: 1. Strips buffer control orders from incom ing data and adds a minimum set of outgoing data. 2 . Main tains control blocks. 3. Maps the RSTS/E job and channel numbers to IBM terminal device addresses. 4 . Mon i- · SELECT, a convenient. very fast package for scanning files to extract records that meet user-specified selection criteria . Use as part of an on line inquiry system and as a front end for building file indices and generating reports . SELECT and FSORT3 can save hours in nightly batch runs . · BSC/ DV, a RSTS/E device driver for the DEC DVI I synchronous mul- tiplexer. Suitable for handling a wide variety of bisynchronous protocols. (Also available forVAXl'/MS.) · COLINK, a convenient. efficient link between two RSTS/E systems using DMC 11 s or DMR 11 s without the overhead of DECnet. Supports fi le transfers. virtual terminals. and across-the-link task communication . · DIALUP, a comprehensive. efficient link between RSTS/E and other systems using asynchronous terminal lines. Supports file transfers . virtual terminals . auto-dialing. and the use of command files and macros. The premier RSTS/ E package for remote support and reliable. CPUefficient file transfers. DEC, DECnet. RSTS, RSX, VAX. and VMS are trademarks of Digital Equipment Corporation. Call or write for complete descriptions of features and benefits. Evans Griffiths & Hart, Inc. 55 Waltham Street, Lexington , MA 02173 (617) 861-0670 CIRCLE 29 ON READER CARD E&ll- THE USER INTERFACE The user inter- face to 3271 PE can be written in four languages: BASIC- PLU S. BASIC- PLUS-2. COBOL and DIBOL. The least cumbersome way is via BASIC-PLUS or BASIC-PLUS-2. Ac- cess to 3271 PE is done by OPENing the KMC11 on a RSTS/E channel. The KMC11 is identified as lln:. where n can range from 0 to 7. The lln: is analogous to the lineprinter device LPn:. To create the data communication link with 3271 PE the program must tors the amount of data being transferred, prevents OPEN the KMC11 . The open statement is in the form: too much data from being queued in the PDP-11 for OPEN lln: AS FILE #X%. RECORDSIZE A%. FILESIZE C%. MODE 0% any given terminal. The RECORDSIZE. FILESIZE and MODE clauses are op- tional. The lln: actually associates the channel with the XKDVR llDVR. The llDVR. which is part of the monitor. is sent the The XKDVR is the RSTS/E device handler for the data from the job. The llDVR also transmits the information KMC11 and DUP11. XKDVR initializes the KMC11 and back to the job. XO/o is the channel number and must be bet- DUP11 and monitors their activity. ween one and twelve. The RECORDSIZE clause is used to r'UNu SOLVES YOUR RESPONSE TIME MYSTERY 6'-------.- 5'6"- ..... 5'---- ~~.........-~~ 4 '6" 4' 3'6" TIME: Late PLACE: Under the gun :v>PuNu :v::~oNu iViPONu iViPONu fflEiPONu CLUES: The RSTS/E* system's slow. Performance is under par. Users are unhappy. Hardware budget is gone. Conclusive evidence is lacking . SOLUTION: r------------------, isManus'newest RSTS/Etuning tool. I provides the information you need to tune your YES RSTS/ E system. My system needs :ViPONu · Send information kit. tells you where the bottlenecks are. Name ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~- measures response time exclusive of Company _______________ application program inefficiencies. Address _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ logs statistics and jobs mix. reports tuning statistics in usable format. iViPONu shows resource utilizations by program , keyboard and user account. MAKING COMPUTERS WORK FOR YOU ranks programs by resources used . reports long-term trends in summarized form . I11d: 1(11 ~j tells who did what, when and from which keyboard . warns you when free disk or small buffers are critical. SERVICES CORPORATION AUTHORIZED ~o~oomo COMPUTER DISTRIBUTOR .vi~u-r,:'.:·;·-;-, logs out inactive terminals . ·RSTS/ E is a registe red t rademark of Digital Equipment Corporation MANUS SERVICES CORPORATION SEATTLE : 1700 Westlake Avenue North ,.98109 · (206) 285-3260 ------------------ PORTLAND.Kristin Square,Suite 102,9498SW Barbur Blvd.97219 · (503)245-1261 .. L CIRCLE 39 ON READER CARD Page 18 October 1982 , RST'SPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRST'SPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRST'SPROFESSIONALRST'SPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFE5SIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRST'SPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFE5SIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSP 1% Screen-format mode. The RSTS/E 3271 PE will DEC BEST VALUES ""' not add 3270 AID characters to data transmitted to the IBM system. It will not strip these characters when data is returned . If the user pro- PRE-OWNED DEC EQUIPMENT gram is developed to handle 3277 terminal screen formats then this mode is used. PUTs are BUYING AND SELLING limited to 249 bytes. 1000% Non-screen with specific address mode. This SYSTEMS · CPU 's · PERIPHERALS · TERMINALS OPTIONS · MEMORY · COMPATIBLES mode indicates that the user wishes to connect to a particular device address. Non-screen format is used. CALL DICK BAKER (305) 979-2844 data are Carico Center W 12845 NW 62nd Street incorporated Ft Lauderdale. Florido 33309 \.. Telephone ,305) 7 2844 1001 % Screen format with specific address mode. This mode indicates that the user wishes to connect to a particular address and use screen-format mode. 5000% Reserved for DIGITAL field service personnel. ,) Some examples of KMC11 open statements: CIRCLE 49 ON REAOER CARD define the buffer length that will be used to store data sent and received. This value becomes the maximum amount of data that can be sent at a given time. The FILESIZE ·clause is used to connect the channel to a specific IBM address. Each of the eight terminals assigned to a KMC11 is assigned a specific hexadecimal address. If the user wishes to connect directly to one of the eight ad- dresses. the decimal equivalent of that address is placed in the FILESIZE clause. The MODE clause is used to establish special properties for the llDVR. These values are: Value Meaning 0% Non-screen mode. This value is used if the MODE clause is omitted. PUTs are limited to 248 bytes. Do not use this mode if the host IBM is using IMS/DC. ---------------------, RSTS PROFESSIONAL Box361. Ft.Washington.PA19034-0361. (215)542-7008 D PAYMENT ENCLOSED for one year's subscription (6 issues ). US 3rd class . S35 I Canada & US 1st class. S50 US I All other countries air mail. $60. payable in US dollars. D BILL ME for one year's subscription: D US 3rd class I D Canada or US 1st class I D Other foreign. Please send BACK ISSUES circled: D $10 per issue enclosed. D Bill me for $12.50 per issue. v. 1. · 1 v. 2. · 1 v. 2. ·2 v. 2. ·3 v. 2. ·4 v. 3. · 1 v. 3. ·2 v. 3. · 3 v. 3. · 4 v. 4. · 1 v. 4. ·2 v. 4. ·3 V.4. · 4 D Send me a RSTS PRO Tee Shirt - ' 6 .95 [}] ~ [lJ §:] (Ad ult Sizes Only) Address - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - Suite _ _ _ __ City/ State/ Zip - - - - - -- - - - - -- - - - - Country _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Phone ( OPEN " 110:" AS FILE #1%. RECORDSIZE 1920% OPEN " 111:" AS FILE #2%. RECORDSIZE 248% . FlLESIZE 193%. MODE 1001 % Sending data to llDVR to be transmitted to the IBM host is done via the PRINT or PUT statement. The PUT statement must be used in conjunction with the FIELD statement. The PRINT and PUT statements are used in the same way here as they would be if the information were being displayed on a terminal. Remember that the output buffer MUST be built in such a manner that the IBM host will understand the message. When the data buffer is transmitted to the llDVR. user buffer space is used to hold the message until the message can be taken by the XKDVR and actually transmitted. The XKDVR then waits for the IBM to acknowledge the receipt of data. The SLEEP statement can be used to temporarily stall the job until data is received from the IBM. SLEEP n% + 32767% + 1% n% is the amount of seconds to wait. If there is data waiting the control is returned immediately to the program .. If no data is waiting then the program sleeps. If the time expires then an error message is generated. The GET statement in combination with the FIELD statement is used to retrieve data from the IBM. The GET statement has the same form as when doing block 1/0. An error is generated if no data is waiting in the buffer. Finally. the CLOSE statement is used to terminate the 110 over the channel. Any pending incoming messages are discarded and system buffers are returned (experience says that not always are incoming messages discarded: inform users to terminate their IBM applications before terminating the RSTS/E software). CLOSE # 1% This CLOSE statement will terminate the data link on channel one. FREE CLASSIFIED AD WITH SUBSCRIPTION!! Your first 12 words are absolutely FREE. only $1 .00 per word thereafter. SPECIAL All 13 Back Issues for $90.00. Payment with order. REFERENCES Digital Equipment Co. Manuals: RSTS/E 3271 Protocol Emulator User's Guide System Generation Manual KMC11 Microprocessor User's Manual · V45 .Computer ills !!! We Have The Prescription DEC & When you suffer with the pain of all or part of your computer system down, call us. Tymshare computer maintenance offers prescription maintenance, time and material services, mixed vendor service support, depot level repair and refurbishment programs, and training classes covering systems operation and equipment repair. We have what it takes to make your installation healthy and a preventive maintenance program to keep it that way. For more information on how our maintenance programs will best fit your needs, call .... COMPUTER SYSTEMS and SUPPORT DIVISION BTYMSHARE ® EAST: 10111 George Palmer Hwy. / Bowie, Md 20716 / 301) 459-8363 CENTRAL: 11999 Katy Freeway I Houston, Tx 77079 / (713) 870-0923 WEST: 3300 Capital Avenue I Fremont, Ca 94538 / (415) 794-2538 CIRCLE 36 ON READER CARD Page20 October 1982 RSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSI ONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSI ONALRSTSPROFESS IO NA LRSTSP · PROTCT.BZS By Ralph Zwier. Professional Software. Victoria. Australia PROTCT is a program to toggle the protect bit of a file. To briefly recap the RSTS directory, the UFO of any RSTS ac- count on disk contains a UFO NAME ENTRY for each file in the UFO. One of the bytes in the name entry is the STATUS BYTE which contains status information on the file. PIP prints out some of the status information in a directory command. One of the bits in the status byte is the protect bit. If this bit is set no DELETE/RENAME is allowed by RSTS no matter how privileged the user. RSTS uses this bit to protect the following files in account [0, 1]: BADS.SYS on all disks SATT.SYS on all disks I NIT.SYS on bootable disks MONITR.SIL on system disks where MONITR is the INSTALLED Monitor SIL file DEFAULT.RTS on system disks for the default Run- time System file SWAP.SYS on system ·disks CRASH.SYS on system disks ERR.ERR on system disks One of the items on the RSTS wish list has been a UTILI- TY command UT PROTECT DBO: [8,6]MYFILE.DAT which would set the protect bit on the selected file. PROTCT.B2S will protect or unprotect a file by toggling the protect bit for that file. Its basic use is to protect System Managers or other privileged users from themselves. We use PROTCT to aid in keeping well-structured disks. We create a protected zero-length file LOCK.LCK at the beginning of each UFO to prevent users from zeroing a con- tiguous directory. In theory the program could be used to modify any of the status bits: I am particularly thinking of a situation I know of where a file was contiguous. and someone used UTILITY to flag it as non-contiguous to try to fix a Protection Violation error. The program error had nothing to do with the con- tiguity of the file and we wanted to flag the file as con- tiguous. At the time what we did was copy the file someplace else. delete it and recreate it contiguous. However. this program could have quicky been patched to toggle the contiguous bit. I have also thought that maybe it's possible to toggle the "Marked for Delete" bit to bring back a file? I am wary of trying it because for an open file there is a memory- resident FCB which will have the MDL bit set: This means that the FCB is inconsistent with the DIRECTORY ... JOO 1000 2000 2500 3000 19000 19010 1 9020 19030 19990 30000 30500 30550 327fi7 EXTEND ! PROTCT. B2S ! TOGGLE THE PROTECT BIT fOR A FILE ! IN THE USTAT BYTE OF THE UFO DIM '2\, U\ I 3583\, 7\l \ ON ERROR CO TO l 9000 ! !MAIN PROGRAM PRINT 'PROTCT - Protect/Unp rot ect files in a UFO' PRINT 'PPN'; \ LINPUT S. PPN$ \ PPNS·CVTSS(S . PPNS,-1\1 \ GO TO 32767 UNLESS LENIPPNS) \ PPNS = '(' + PPNS UNLESS INSTRlll,PPNS,' ( ' ) > 0\ \ PPNS"' PPNS +')'UNLESS INSTRCl\,PPNS,')') > 0\ \ INPUT 'Device' ;DE.VS \ DE.VS= ' SY:' UNLESS LEN(OEV$) \ OE.VS= OE.VS+ ':' UNLESS INSTR(l\,DEVS,' :') > 0\ \ OPEN OE.VS+PPNS+' / MODE:81 92' AS FILE t2\ \ U.CLSZ\ '"' U\!JU,0\J \ I\ · FNGET.LINK$U\(0\,0$ ,U . CLSZ\) F . NAME! $·RAD$ IU\ (I\, l \ l I ' \ F . NAME2$·RADS (U\ (I\ , 2\l) ' \ EXTS,.RADS (U\ (I\, 3\ l) ' \ PRINT ' Blockette ';l\;F.NAME1S+F.NAME2S+' .'+EXT$; ' \ USTAT\· 255\ AND U\Cl\, 4\ l l STATUS WORD ' USTATS·' ' ' USTATS·USTATS + 'D' IF USTAT\ AND 128\ I MDL ' USTATS·USTATS + 'C' Ir USTAT\ AND 16\ I Contiguous ' US TATS·USTATS + ' P' Ir USTAT\ AND 32\ I Protected ' USTATSsUSTATS + 'L' IF USTAT\ AND 2\ I Located ' USTATS·USTATS + 'W' IF USTAT\ AND " I Write access ' PROT\ · SWAP$U\(1\,4\ll AND 255\ ' PRINT ' <' ;PROT\;' >';' ';USTAT5;TAB<35\l; ' GOSUB 30500 J Do we want to toggle bit 5 (32\I i l\·U\C I\, O\l ' l\·FNGET.LINK\11\,U.CLSZ$ i GO TO 2500 UNLESS 1\·0\ ' ! · ! Cra wl through the NAM E Blockettes displaying the file & ! names and the status byte together with the blockette & ! number (just for interest). Jump to routine which asks ' ! whether we want to toggle bit 5 of the USTAT. If we answer ' ! · yEs · (sicl bit 5 gets toggled. It may be possible for & ! someone to gry toggling bit 7 to GET BACK A FILE & ! WHICH HAS BEEN MARKED FOR DELETION but I haven't done i t ' CLOSE '2\ GO TO 2000 ERROR TRAPS ES"' RIGHT(SYS(CHRSl6\l+CHRSl9\l+CHRS(ERRll,3\l IF ERL "" 2000 THEN PRINT · tnvalid device or PPN · \ RESU ME 2000 ! IF ERL·30500 THEN RESU ME 30550 PRINT CHRS l7\l;ES; 'IN ' ;'PROTCT at line ';ERL \ PRINT ' Aborting ··· ' \ RESIJ !1E 32767 ! !FUNCTION TO GET THE LINK T O !THF. NAMF: Bl.OCKETTES ! DEF FNGET. LINK\ (LINK\ , CLUS TERSIZE\ l · (I {LINK\ AND 3584\l /512\l *CLUSTERSIZE\ +ISWAP\CLINK\ AND - 4096\ l/ 16\ l l *32\ +(CLINK\ AND 496\) /16 \ l !FUNCTION TO TOGGLE BIT 5 OFTHE ! USTAT B Y T E l N T H E U F D ! INPUT NEXTS \ If' NEXTS · 'YES' THEN CLOSE · 2\ \OPEN DE.VS+PPNS AS FILE t2\,MODE 16384\ \ U\(1\ ,4\ l · U\(1\, 4 \l XOR 32\ \ CLOSE '2\ \ OPEN DE.VS+PPNS AS FILE ..2\, !<>DE 8192\ ! RETURN · Check whether we want to PROTECT/UNPROTECT. If so & reopen the UFO in secial mode and do it. On ' complet1on close the UFD in special mode and re-open' it safely. we deemed it inadvisable to hold the UFO' open in mode 163 84 for the whole run , and the ' ineffic1ency of the code is a small price to pay ' for the added safety. , ONO · · · EMULEX ANNOUNCES 34 NEW DISK SUBSYSTEMS FOR DEC USERS. As aconfirmed DEC user you've probably been secretly coveting some of the powerful new drives DEC doesn't offer. Or wanting lower prices and faster delivery than you've been getting. Well, you can get them from Emulex ready to plug in and run on your DEC LSl-11 , PDP-11, or VAX-11. You choose from Control Data Winchester. removable pack and fixed/ removable drives up to 675 MBytes. Emulex is known worldwide as the DEC con- troller expert. Over 7500 delivered. So we're a natural to provide you with the widest choice of complete disk subsystems you've ever seen. Featuring more performance and higher reliability than you've ever dared hope for. Plus total service support - anything from subsystem to whole system service - up to and including your DEC computer from companies like Control Data, GE, and Tymshare. Of course, Emulex subsystems can save your company plenty. And we have an attractive rental/ purchase option to solve any financing worries. So call us right now. We're the best friend a dedicated DEC user could have. Call (800)854-7112 toll-free. outside California. In California, call (714) 557-7580. Emulex Sys- tems Group, 2001 Deere Ave.. Santa Ana. CA 92705. TWX 910-595-2521. For LSl-11 / 23 Q- BUS: 64 MB Fixed/ Removable Emulates DEC RK06/ 07 For PDP-11/D4-60 UNIBUS: 675 MB Fixed Emulates Two DEC RM05s For PDP-11/70 CACHE For VAX UNIBUS: 160 MB For VAX-11n 50 CMI: 80 BUS:80 MB Fixed Emulates Fixed Emulates DEC RM03 MB Removable Emulates DEC RM03 Expanded DEC RM03 1'11'r For LSl-11/23 Q- BUS: 300 MB Removable Emulates DEC RM05 For LSl-11/23 Q-BUS: 96 MB Fixed/ Removable Emulates DEC RK06/07 For PDP-11/04-60 UNIBUS: For PDP-11/70 CACHE 32 MB Fixed/ Removable BUS: 160 MB Fixed EmuEmulates DEC RK06/07 lates Two DEC RM03s For VAX UNIBUS: 675 MB Fixed Emulates DEC RM05 Expanded For VAX-11n 5o CMI: 300 MB Removable Emulates DEC RM05 For LSl-11 / 23 Q-BUS: 80 MB Fixed Emulates DEC RM03 '1 ~----== For PD'P-11/04-60 UNIBUS:80 MB Removable Emulates DEC RM02/ 03 r--i -~ For PDP-11/04-60 UNIBUS: For PDP-11/70 CACHE 64 MB Fixed/ Removable BUS: 675 MB Fixed EmuEmulates DEC RK06/ 07 lates Two DEC RM05s For VAX UNIBUS: 32 MB For VAX-11/750 CMI: 80 Fixed/ Removable Emulates MB Fixed Emulates DEC DEC RK07 RM03 For LSl-11/23 Q- BUS: 160 MB Fixed Emulates Two DEC RM03s r--i- -1 For PDP-11/04-60 UNIBUS: 300 MB Removable Emulates DEC RM05 For PDP-11/04-60 UNIBUS: For VAX UNIBUS 80 MB 96 MB Fixed/ Removable Removable Emulates DEC Emulates DEC RK06/07 RM03 ' For VAX UNIBUS: 64 MB Fixed/ Removable Emulates DEC RK07 For VAX-11n 50 CMI: 160 MB Fixed Emulates DEC RM80 or Two RM03s I For LSl-11/23 Q-BUS: 675 MB Fixed Emulates Two DEC RM05s For PDP-11/04-60 UNI- For PDP-11n o CACHE BUS:80 MB Fixed Emulates BUS: 80 MB Removable DEC RM03 Emulates DEC RM03 For VAX UNIBUS 300 MB Removable Emulates DEC RM05 For VAX UNIBUS: 96 MB Fixed/ Removable Emulates DEC RK07 I For VAX-11/750 CMI : 675 MB Fixed Emulates Two DEC RM05s r--i -1 *EMULEX THE GENUINE ALTERNATIVE. Call (800)854-7112 toll-free. outside California. For LSl-11/23 0-BUS: For PDP-11/ 04-60 UNI- For PDP-11n o CACHE For VAX UNIBUS 80 MB In California, call (714) 557-7580. 32 MB Fixed/ Removable BUS: 160 MB Fixed Emu- BUS: 300 MB Removable Fixed Emulates DEC RM03 I Emulates DEC RK06/07 lates Two DEC RM03s Emulates DEC RM05 CIRCLE 58 ON READER CARD EDITING SYSTEMS = = = - October 1982 David Spencer. Infinity Software Corporation EDT REVISITED Since the last two EDT articles. there has been quite a bit of action on the EDT front. In this column I will attempt to provide an update on bugs corrected, commands added. limitations, etc. 1.0 VTS2's IGNORED In the previous two EDT articles. I made a fairly large blunder in announcing that my initializer file was good for everybody. Since I always use a VT100. I forgot about VTS2 terminals. Figure one is a list of the internal key numbering table for VTS2's like the one for VT1 OO's in the second article. I include this list in the interest of equal time. I understand that future releases of EDT will not allow defining keys by their internal number, so use this information at your own risk. It seems a number of people have gotten confused when they tried to use my initializer file on their VTS2's. My VT100 initializer file steps on some DEC keys, or defines keys that are not available on the VTS2. The solution to this problem is to remove the definitions for the CONT F. GOLD arrow-up. and GOLD arrow-down keys from the initializer. Among the people that reminded me of my forgetfulness was Larry Ingersoll of Tri-State University in Indiana. Larry also enclosed in his letter a humorous photocopy of a bogus help screen that he picked up at DECUS. I would like to thank whoever is responsible for it. 2.0 EDT RESTRICTIONS There are two serious restrictions in EDT. The first is a key definition problem. Gordon Shepard of Dickenson College in Pennsylvania called and told me that he had written an initializer to make EDT pretend that it was WORD-11. However. he defined so many keys that he started getting the error message "That key is not definable." Well of course it was definable, so I tried it myself. I created the following ATPK command file to test the problem . EDT NL:/RO,NL: DEF K 69 AS "QUIT." . (total of 200 identical lines) DEF K 69 AS "QUIT." QUIT This file invokes EDT "naked"; i.e., without input and without an initializer file. On about the 19Sth redefinition of key 69 (CONT Y). I began receiving the "That key is not definable" error message. I SPR'd the problem. and was told that there is no garbage collection in EDT. In other words. as keys are defined the text gets appended to a working area until that space is exhausted. I was promised that the next release of EDT will have garbage collection, but that it might be a while before we will be seeing it. The second problem is related to the first. The space for additional buffers is also the same space used by key definitions. The more keys you define, the fewer buffers you can create. This means very complex initializer files may severely limit or eliminate the ability to define additional buffers. In fact, some quite complex initializer files are never able to get off the ground. If I may get on a soapbox for a moment. this is a very serious problem and should be remedied as soon as possible. This problem prevents EDT from operating as documented and makes its use very limited. I can 't hold the developers to blame. all early versions of the code we write have bugs or oversights. Instead blame must be given to Digital product management for holding back updated releases of EDT. I'm sure that the EDT group has a great number of improvements to EDT. Either they aren't receiving the funding to get new versions of EDT out, or management is holding EDT back. In either case. we. the users. are big losers. (By the way, some food for thought. This problem does not seem to exist on VAX.) 3.0 MARK INCOMPATIBILITY WITH VTEDIT It has been mentioned to me that the mark for the TECO VTEDIT keypad editor is a .. - - / \ - - .. plus a carriage return. The mark I use in my initializer file is a " - - / \ - - " only. Ideally. these marks should be identical. However. since it would be a problem to cleanly search for the mark with the carriage return. I have decided to allow this slight difference: If it bothers you badly enough, it is possible but sloppy, to solve the problem by imbedding a carriage return; but the listing becomes hard to follow. 4.0 INITIALIZER BUGS CORRECTED There were a few bugs in the initializer file I presented in the first article. These problems were discovered via some very thorough examination by the folks at DCA in Minneapolis. In the June 1982 issue a letter appeared of their findings. I'd like to thank them for their work and interest in EDT. I have since corrected the initializer file where needed. 5.0 NEW COMMANDS ADDED TO INITIALIZER GOLD CONT 8-Move to beginning of sentence. This command makes use of the BSEN nokeypad com- mand and moves the cursor to the beginning of the current sentence. This is very useful for editing text files, and even programs if your sentence delimiters are set right. GOLD CONT F-Move to end of sentence. This command uses the ESEN command. This works like GOLD CONT B but in a forward direction to the end of the current sentence. GOLD CONT I-Move cursor eight characters. I find this command useful as an "in between" from single character moves and moving big lumps at a time. This command works in either direction. and makes a line scan a lot easier. October 1982 Page 23 RSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSP GOLD CONT T-Make current line top line of screen. This command uses the nokeypad command TOP. What this command does is make the current line the top line on the screen. This is useful when you are interested in what's coming, rather than what has preceded. GOLD DELETE-Clear an entered buffer name. This one has become useful with the buffer limitations. Type GOLD and the delete key and EDT asks for a buffer name. Enter a buffer name and it is cleared of all text so it may be used again for whatever. It even works on PASTE and MAIN! 6.0 STOCK COMMAND MODIFIED In the letter from the people at DCA. they suggested that the HELP key (PF2) be disabled. I couldn't agree more. Most users learn the keypad very rapidly and don't need to see the keypad diagram. And accidentally striking the key becomes annoying. Of course. those who would still like to see the HELP screen can still get help by striking the GOLD key and then PF2. 7.0 MY INITIALIZER PHILOSOPHY TOWARD LANGUAGES Lately I have seen some neat language specific in- itializer files floating around. One of the better ones was presented by Paul O'Nolan in the June issue. I have purposely avoided including keys for languages because the need for these keys is specific to each installation. This column is a general forum and I want to reach as many people as possible. I don't wish to crowd and confuse the file with things that not all people can use. (And in addition. as I mentioned before, there is currently a price to be paid in pool space for each key defined.) By all means I encourage everybody to create his own key definitions for editing the languages he uses. If you have a good set of definitions. please send a copy to me and I would love to do an article on just various keys for languages. EDT is designed to help in doing whatever you're trying to do, regardless of the language that you are using . 8.0 EDT HELP FILE FORMAT The EDT "LB:EDTHEL.HLP" file is set up in a very sim- ple format, and therefore is easy to modify. The following example demonstrates how the HELP levels are defined and used: 1 COMPUTER A computer is a big electrified rock, which is designed to pass voltages through various other devices (other rocks) and make alleged sense. 2 DEVICES A device is a special type of rock attached to the main rock (computer). This rock provides the "data" that the big rock uses. 3 DISKS A disk is a spinning piece of rock that is magneticly charged to retain somewhat meaningful information to be garbled by the big rock. 4 TERMINALS A terminal is a rock that glows.in the dark and displays the somewhat meaningful information RSTS ARCADE Infinity Software has arcade quality games for VT52 and VTlOO terminals. BLKADE Up to a total of eight players try to fence in their opponents in this game of skill and strategy. PACKER Collect the radio-active dust from the maze before the four robots catch you. (VTlOO only.) INVADE Protect the planet with your laser base from the alien invaders from space. (VTlOO only.) SUBS Locate and sink your opponent's submarine before he sinks you. STRWRS You have five minutes to destroy the Death Star before it destroys your moon base. WIGGIT Drop water crystals in front of the Martian Wiggits before they clone and capture you! (VTlOO only.) Games are $39.95 each and come complete with User Guides. Distribution is made on 800 or 1600 BPI magtape (other media arranged at higher cost). California residents please add 6Yi percent. Coming soon to VAX! For ordering information, please write or call: INFINITY SOFTWARE CORPORATION 2210 Wilshire Blvd, Suite 801 Santa Monica, California 90403 (213) 820-2702 CIRCLE 87 ON READER CARD stored on the spinning rock (disk) and fed to the big rock (computer). And so forth . . . If this were your help file. you could get into line mode and type "HELP COMPUTER" and receive the text dealing with a computer being a big rock. It would then say: "Additional information available: DEVICES" . If you typed "HELP COMPUTER DEVICES" then you would get the message about devices and "Add itional information available: DISKS TERMINALS". And to see the TERMINALS help message type "HELP COMPUTER DEVICES TERMINALS". The structure of the EDT help file is a level number, level name. and help text until a line starts with a number. space, and level name. In this format. you cannot get help for subtopic DEVICES without prefixing it with the help topic COMPUTER. Page 24 October 1982 RSTSPROFESSIONAL.RSTSPROFESSIONAL.RSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONAL.RSTSPROFESSIONAL.RSTSPROFESS IONALRSTSP The help processor is set up to accept the first matching string of the help topic. If the help file contained help for COMPUTER, CIVIL-WAR. and CINDY. then typing " HELP c·· would match on the help for COMPUTER. and typing " HELP Cl " would match on CIVIL-WAR. To get help for CINDY, you must type enough text to uniquely match CINDY. Thus "HELP COMPUTER DEVICES TERMINALS" can be reduced to "H C D T" if you wish. In taking a look at the " LB:EDTHEL.HLP" file, you will notice that the help is just a big text file layed out in this fashion. The keypad mode help is an interesting case because EDT looks for "KEYPAD VT100" if you are a VT100 terminal. and "KEYPAD VT52" if you are anything else. EDT then translates the keys you type into their internal number and uses that to locate help for that key. For example, invoke the keypad help and type the keypad " 1" key. EDT will internally generate a search for the text "KEYPAD VT100 01" (if you happened to be set as a VT100) and display the help text for that key. In line mode you can type "HELP KEYPAD VT100" and actually get the help screen printed for you on the terminal, with one important difference. You also get all the subtopics (i.e., keypad numbers) listed as subtopics for additional information . Armed with this knowledge you can (as I have below) add additional help for keys you have defined or changed . In addition, you can actually redesign the help screen itself. It is quite okay to use EDT on editing the EDTHEL.HLP file (although I recommend working on a copy until you are happy with the results}. Wherever EDT prints the < ESC >. it is actually an ASCII 155. So if you are going to add any escape sequences. be sure to insert a 155 escape or EDT will recognize it as a line terminator and add a carriage return on writing the file. This creates some rather strange looking help screens. 9.0 HELP FILES AVAILABLE ON MAGTAPE I have written a HELP.BAS format help file for all the EDT commands, stock DEC and my additional ones. I have also added about four blocks of help to the "LB:EDTHEL.HLP" file to provide help for my additional commands. These files and the latest version of my initializer file are available at cost of media plus shipping and handling for $25 from my company. Undoubtably, I am breaking some DEC rule by distributing a largely DEC file. However. it is at my cost. and for a good cause. so perhaps they'll look the other way in this case. Default EDT VT52 Ke y Assignm e nts Th e f ollowing li s t s hows the int e rnal EDT ke y numb e r, stock key number editing definition, and keystroke. The numbering is bound to change and/ or become unavailabl e in future releases o f EDT. Use this information at y our own risk. EDT Key Definit i on Keystr o ke 65535 D-C. 0 L. 1 w. 2 EL. 3 CUTSR. 4 A'fN · 5 BACK. 6 D+C. 7 PAGETOP. 8 DELETE 0 (t l lC I J 2 Ctl 3 (I ) 4(t l 5 (. ) 6 (t l 7 (t l 8 ( tl 9 DEW. 10 HELP. 11 D+NL . 12 -v . 13 +V. 14 +C. 15 -c . 16 SEL. 17 No definition 18 No definition 19 No definition 20 No definition 21 22 ("M-C l. 23 CHGCSR. 24 D+EL. 25 PASTE . 26 ER. 27 BR . 28 UNDC. 29 "EXT ? 'Command: ' 30 "@?'Search f o r: 'i " @. 31 UNDW. 32 HELP. 33 UNDL. 34 CUTSR=DELETE PASTE. 35 Cl6L). 36 ASC. 37 APPENDSR . 38 RESET 39 No definition 40 No definition 41 No definition 42 No definition 43 CCUTSR=DELETE PASTE KS·· ) · 44 No definition 45 TC. 46 No definition 47 No definition 48 TD. 49 TI. 50 FILLSR. 51 No definition 52 BL . 53 TAB. 54 DBW . 55 DEFK. 56 "L . 57 " M. 58 No definition 59 No definition 60 No definition 61 No de f inition 62 REF. 63 No definition 64 TADJSR. 65 DBL. 66 No definition 67 REF . 68 No definition 69 No definition 70 EX . 71 No definition 72 No defi n ition 73 No definition 74 No definition 75 No defin i tion 76 No definition 77 No definition 78 No defin it ion 79 No def in ition 80 No def ini tion Bl No definition 82 No definition 83 No defin i tion 84 No definition 85 No def i n i tion 86 No definition 87 No definit i on 88 No defini t ion 89 No definition 90 No definition 91 No def in it i on 92 No def in i t ion 93 No d efi nit ion 94 No definition 95 No definition 96 No def i nition 97 No defi n it i on 98 No definit i on 99 No def i n i tio n 1 00 No defi ni tio n 1 01 No definition 1 02 No definition 1 03 No definit i on 10 4 No definition 105 No defi n ition 1 0 6 No definition 9 ( tl PF2( t + J PF3(t+J ARROW- UP ( + ) ARROW-DOWN (+) ARROW-RIGHT(+) ARROW-LEFT(+) · (t+J (*) (* ) (*) GOLD(*) ENTER(+) GOLD 0 ( tl GOLD l(I J GOLD 2 ( tl GOLD 3 ( IJ GOLD 4(1) GOLD 5 ( 1) GOLD 6 ( IJ GOLD 7CIJ GOLD 8 ctl GOLD 9 (I) GOLD PF2Ct+) GOLD PF3 ( t+) GOLD ARROW-UP(+) GOLD ARROW-DOWN(+) GOLD ARROW-RIGHT(+) GOLD ARROW-LEFT(+) GOLD · (t+) (*) (*) (*) GOLD GOLD ( *) GOLD ENTER(+) CONTROL @(*) CONTROL A CONTROL B CONTROL C CONTROL D CONTROL E CONTROL F CONTROL G CONTROL H CONTROL I CONTROL J CONTROL K CONTROL L CONTROL M CONTROL N CONTROL 0 CONTROL P CONTROL Q CONTROL R CONTROL s CONTROL T CONTROL U CONTROL V CON TRO L W CON TROL X CON TRO L Y CON TROL z GOLD CON TRO L @( * ) GOLD CON TRO L A GOLD CONTROL B GOLD CON TROL c GOLD CON TROL D GOLD CONTROL E GOL D CONTROL F GOLD CONTROL G GOLD CONTROL H GOLD CON TRO L I GOLD CON TROL J GOL D CON TRO L K GOLD CONTRO L L GOLD CON TRO L M GOLD CONTROL N GOL D CON TRO L 0 GOL D CONTRO L p GOLD CON TROL Q GOLD CONTROL R GOLD CON TROL s GOLD CON TROL T GOL D CON TROL U GOLD CON TROL V GOLD CONTROL W GOLD CONTROL x GOL D CON TRO L y GOL D CONTRO L z GOLD CONTRO L ( ( * ) GOL D CONTRO L \( + ) GOLD CON TRO L ) ( + ) GOL D CON TROL "( + ) GOLD CON TROL (+ ) GOLD SPACE GO LD GOLD " GOLD # The Single Source for Digital Products Service DEC Module Repair, Exchange or Replacement Photos show how we 're fully equipped to repair and test DEC ,* PDP-11 *and TERMINAL MODULES. All modules we repair are 100 % inspected. 630 Visit us at booth DEXPOTMWEST 82 The 2nd National DEC-Compatible Industry Exposition Anaheim Convention Center Dec . 7-9 . 1982 DIGITAL PRODUCTS REPAIR CENTER 939 Eastwind Drive Westerville, Ohio 43081 614/890-0939 H·1580 CIRCLE 140 ON READER CARD ~ .:.Ai... Expert, Fast and Reliable Work Serving the computer systems market since 1973, we are now troubleshooting , repairing and testing hundreds of modules weekly. We can turn around a critical repair job in just 24 hours! Tenday service is normal. The modules we return to you are guaranteed to meet or exceed the manufactu rer's specifications. And we prove it by submitting an inspection and test report. For emergency service, 7 days a week, 24 hours a day, call 614/890-0939 · DEC and PDP are regis1ered 1rademarks of Digital Equipmen1 Corpora1ion. f l RELIANCE ELECTRIC Page 26 October 1982 RSTSPAOF'ESSIONALASTSPAOF'ESSIONALASTSPAOF'ESSIONALASTSPAOF'ESSIONALRSTSPAOF'ESSIONALASTSPAOF'ESSIONALASTSPAOF'ESSIONALASTSPAOF'ESSIONALASTSPAOF'ESSIONALASTSPAOF'ESSIONALASTSPAOF'ESSIONALASTSP 107 No def nition 108 No def nition 109 No def nition 110 No def nition 111 No def nition 112 No def nition 113 No def nition 114 No def nition 115 No def nition 116 No def nition 117 No def nition 118 No def nition 119 No def nition 120 No def nition 121 No def nition 122 No def nition 123 No def nition 124 No def nition 125 No def nition 126 No def nition 127 No def nition 128 No def nition 129 No def nition 130 No def nition 131 No def nition 132 No def nition 133 No def nition 134 No def nition 135 No def nition 136 TC. 137 No definiti on 138 No definition 139 TD. 140 TI. 141 No def n t on 142 No def n t on 143 No def n t on 144 No def n t on 145 No def n t on 146 No def n t on 147 No def n t on 148 No def n t on 149 No def n t on 150 No def n t o n 151 No def n t on 152 No def n t on 153 No def n t on GOLD $ GOLD % GOLD & GOLD ' GOLD GOLD GOLD * GOLD + GOLD , GOLD GOLD GOLD I GOLD 0 ( *) GOLD l(* ) GOLD 2(*) GOLD 3 ( *) GOLD 4 ( *) GOLD 5 (*) GOLD 6(* ) GOLD 7(*) GOLD 8(*) GOLD 9(*) GOLD GOLD GOLD < GOLD GOLD > GOLD ? GOLD @ GOLD A GOLD B GOLD C GOLD D GOLD E GOLD F GOLD G GOLD H GOLD I GOLD J GOLD K GOLD L GOLD M GOLD N GOLD 0 GOLD P GOLD Q GOLD R 154 No definition 155 TADJSR. 156 DBL. 157 No definition 158 REF. 159 No definition 160 No definition 161 EX. 162 No definition 163 No definition 164 No definition 165 No definition 166 No definition 167 No definition 168 No definition 169 No definition 170 No definition 171 No definition 172 No definition 173 No definition 174 No definition 175 No definition 176 No definition 177 No definition 178 No definition 179 No definition 180 No definition 181 No definition 182 No definition 183 No definition 184 No definition 185 No definition 186 No definition 187 No definition 188 No definition 189 No definition 190 No definition 191 No definition 192 No definition 193 No definition 194 No definition 195 No definition 196 No definition 197 No definition 198 No definition 199 No definition 200 No definition GOLD S GOLD T GOLD U GOLD V GOLD W GOLD X GOLD Y GOLD Z GOLD GOLD \ GOLD l GOLD GOLD GOLD °" GOLD a(*) GOLD b(*) GOLD c(*) GOLD d(*) GOLD e(*) GOLD f (*) GOLD g(*) GOLD h(*) GOLD i<*l GOLD j ( *) GOLD k (*) GOLD l(*) GOLD m(*) GOLD n(*) GOLD o(*) GOLD p(*) GOLD q(*) GOLD r (*) GOLD s(*) GOLD t (*) GOLD u (*) GOLD v (*) GOLD w(*) GOLD x (*) GOLD y (*) GOLD z (*) GOLD { GOLD I GOLD l GOLD GOLD DELETE [unknown] [unknown] This is a keypad key. * This key can be defined by using the internal EDT number, but cannot be used by either case conversion constraints or key sequence interpretations. + This key is a valid for editing, but can be defined using the internal EDT key number only. 14 ,9) EDTIN!.EDT Standard Initializer File !+ 1 Word Delimiter Macros VOl . 3 25-Jun-82 DEF M DELI MITER S_PROGRAMMING F=DEL I MITER S_PROGRAMMI NG I DEF K GOLD CON T D AS "EXT DELIMITERS_WORD_ PROCESSING." ·z C; !SE EN WO · ·· z 9 ASC lOASC llASC 12ASC 13ASC 27ASC I ()[J ,-+* / =· · z EX ·z ! DEF M DELIMITERS_WORD_PROCESSING F=DELIMITERS_WORD_PROCESS ING I DEF K GOLD CON T D AS "EXT DELIMITERS_PROGRAMMING." ·z C; ISE EN WO · ·z 9ASC lOASC llAS C 12ASC 13ASC 27ASC I · '·z EX ·z !+ I Screen Width Ma cros !- DEF M WIDTH_l32 I=WIDTH_ l3 2 DEF K GOLD CONT W AS "EXT WIDTH_ 80." SE SC 132 S·zE WR 131 I DEF M W!DTH_80 I=WIDTH_80 DEF K GOLD CONT W AS "EXT WIDTH_l32 ." SE SC 80 SE WR 79 ·z I+ l Key Definitions !- DEF K 10 AS DEF K CONT B AS ·-w. · DEF DEF DEF DEF K CONT F AS K CONT G AS K CONT P AS K CONT x AS '"+W. · It PASTE=? I Put "PAR." · cuTSR=?' Cut buff er: buff er: I DEF K GOLD DEL AS ·EXT CL ?'Clear what buffer : Run CP/M On Your DEC With The Bridge. Run inexpensive 256K bytes of memory, and a bit slice state machine. A key CP! M® programs on your DEC® minicomputer with The component of the system ,the z-Board provides four users Bridge® virtual microcomputer system. Now, every terminal (per board) with an enhanced microcomputer environment. attached to your minicomputer can run CP/M programs The z-Board is available for the 0-bus® and UNIBUS ~ directly,as if they were dedicated microcomputers. Finally the gap between the worlds of mini and micro disappears. System Integration. One of the key benefits of The Bridge is that all microcomputer operations are centralized in your The Virtual Microcomputer System. The Bridge is a system of hardware and software for your DEC LSI- II ~ PDP-I I ~ or mini. It's no longer necessary to maintain various micros at different work stations - all with different disk formats. The VAX® minicomputer. The hardware, called the z-Board ~ exe- Bridge gives you one format, available to each operator,at cutes the program at speeds greater than those of dedicated every terminal. Every virtual micro can share files with every micros.Together they constitute a breakthrough - unlocking other virtual micro in your system. a vast library of cost-efficient software for your minicomputer. virtual Bridge Your Gap. Make the most of your DEC mini with The Bridge virtual micro- .. The z.-Board. The z-Board is a hardware ac- microsystems computer system. For more information , call celerator for The Bridge featuring four z-80's ~ 0 Deryk Van Brunt today at (415) 841-9594. 2150 Shattuck, Berkeley, CA 94704 Bridge the mini7micro gap. Page28 October 1982 RSl'SPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRST'SPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONAl.RSl'SPROFESSIONALRSTSPROF'ESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONAl.RSl'SPROFESSIONALRSTSPROF1:SSIONAUIST'SPROFESSIONALRSTSP DEF K GOLD 12 AS " C-22V) ." DEF K GOLD 13 AS "(+22V ) .· DEF K GOLD CONT B AS "BSEN." DEF K GOLD CONT D AS "£XT D£LIMITERS_WORD_PROCESSING." DEF J( GOLD CONT GAS ·cuTSR·OELETE PASTE ·? 'Replace with buffer: DEF It GOLD CONT F AS ·ESEN . · DEF K GOLD CONT H AS "C-C D-C +C UNDC)." DEF K GOLD CONT I AS "CBC ). " DEF K GOLD CONT T AS ·TOP.· DEF It GOLD CONT W AS ·EXT WIDTH_l32. · DEF J( GOLD CONT X AS ·EXT CO SELECT TO"'?'Copy to buffer: ' F t . · DEF K GOLD CONT Z AS "EXT EX. " I DEF K GOLD. AS ·1- -/\ ---z -6C." DEF It GOLD I AS ·st-- 1\--\\. 11 DEF K GOLD B AS "EXT F·?' Buffer: ' · DEF K GOLD C AS "CC SEL W CHGCSR)." DEF K GOLD F AS "CSEL PAR FILLSR)." DEF It GOLD I AS "EXT INC ?'Input file: ·?' Buffer: I · DEF K GOLD L AS "EXT F L." DEF K GOLD M AS "EXT F·MAIN ·· " DEF K GOLD 0 AS "EXT WR ?'Output file: ·? ' Buffer: ' " DEF K GOLD 0 AS "EXT QUIT/S AVE." DEF K GOLD S AS "EXT SH BU. " I+ 1 Set Terminal Characteristics !- SE WR 79 SE TR SE K SE H C DELIMITERS_PROGRAMMING I+ I Set Buffer to MAI N, and Start 1- F·MAIN WE NEW YORK NEW YORK US! r .1;·,·.1 Disp Ti·e Cause Bug Co Lunch Notes: !!!.dN.t! i '.:.1 :i: : LI'-·· _ _J ~ [UFJW; I. A11 ke~s change function on Honda~ :;1 Smthing Cut Guess tmm ~ :mtHfi] 2. :;;ffi01 ~e~ is brof.en 3. Left arrow (- >) ~aves cursor up 4. CTRL-Z induces sleep 5· .i!3Jl:;i;, doesn' \ I Turn Page Ja" Ke~bd Pull Plug Throw ! Up 6. Don ' t expect \Q fl? 7. 1:!r{!t\fil1 scro 11 s mn &lfm z:ralEiEii aa;Jj]'l 8. s1~"01e quote (' ) 11eans apostrophe 9. : ~l ~ garbles screen 10. Shifted nuReri cs cause cancer J rj·w..r Add Junf. Go SIower Give Up J:Iri:mi UiE[J ~ l{;fjill!J.;-_{o l;i;l Boardwalk ·''!: IL You are late for a ·eeting 12. The ~eeting has been cancel led 13. T~pe LOGOUT to enter ke~pad ~ode 14. A~ke~ loc~.s f.e~board 15. :cmm1!!11~ no\ i·plmnted You can write for the tape (please enclose a check) or ask questions or whatever via my company: David Spencer Infinity Software Corporation 2210 Wilshire Blvd.. Suite 801 Santa Monica. Calif. 90403 Until next time, have a good edit. · SCOPE MODE RUBOUTS IN INIT By Michael Mayfield Northwest Digital Software An undocumented feature of the FILL option is very useful for systems that use a video display for their system console. This feature enables scope mode rubouts while using INIT. To enable scope mode rubouts. reboot the system and use the following command: Option: FILL SCOPE · Photo submitted by Richard Rein, RMS Data Services. NY. The license plate belongs to Russell Dietz. VT 131 from MTI. All the goodies at a lower price. Digital's new Vf131 features built-in advanced video, printer portand block mode. Now you can get all the features of DEC's VTlOO plus the options you've always wanted: advanced video, printer port, U.S./European half and full duplex communications and modem controls, and local edit/block mode transmission. And all of these features are hundreds of dollars less than it would cost to buy them option by option for a VT 100. Although the new VT 131 is totally self-contained and has no functional upgrade options, MTI can retro-fit your terminal with graphics from Digital Engineering to make it Tektronix 4010 and 4027 compatible. MTI is one of the few Authorized Digital Terminals Distributors, so we can give you the best of two worlds ; terminals, based on advanced technology from the industry leader, and the expertise and service from applications specialists. Whether you buy, rent or lease our equipment, you'll find MTI is the one source for all the terminals, peripherals, systems, applications expertise and service you'll ever need. At good prices. Call us today. New York: 516/621-6200, 2121767-0677, 518/449-5959 Outside N.Y.S.: 800/ 645-6530 · New Jersey: 2011227-5552 Ohio: 216/464-6688 Applications Specialists & Distributors, New York, New Jersey and Ohio. DEC, Intel, Lear Siegler, Texas Instruments, Dataproducts, Diablo, 3Com, Hazeltine, Racal- Vadic, Digital Engineering, MICOM, Cipher and Elgar. CIRCLE 107 ON READER CARD Page 30 October 1962 RSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONA!JlSTSPROFES.SIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONA!JlSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFES.SIONALRSTSPROFF.5SIONALRSTSPROFESSIONAlRSTSPROP'"..SSION ALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSP MULTIPLE VERSIONS OF RSTS ON ONE DISK By Michael Mayfield, Northwest Digital Software Here it is Saturday. The wife and kids are at the beach but you're stuck in the computer room installing a new release of RSTS. You did the sysgen last week but you couldn't install it because RSTS doesn't allow you to have more than one release on the same disk. Your only choice is to come in when no one else is using the system and install V7.1 on a new disk and then copy everything from your V7.0 system pack to the new disk. If you could only install V7.1 directly onto your existing system disk, you wouldn't have to wait for all that tape to spin. Even worse, what if you find a problem in V7.1 and have to switch back to V7.0 until it is fixed. More tape spinning while you copy everything from the V7.1 disk back to the V7.0 disk. If you were only able to have more than one release of RSTS on the system disk at once, you could switch between versions without having to copy all the files back and forth each time. If a problem occurred with the new release you could simply switch back to the previous one and continue execution . Well, go ahead and go to the beach. This article details a method which allows any number of releases to be contained on the same disk. You can change releases any time you want. Any of the releases can be specified as the default to use for future startups. The reason that RSTS does not allow more than one release on the same disk pack has to do with the way the bootstrap works. The bootstrap consists of a 51 Z byte program located at the first block of the disk. The bootstrap hardware loads this bootstrap program into memory and then executes it. The job of the bootstrap program is to load INIT.SYS into memory and pass control to it. It does this using a list of device cluster numbers which identify the blocks that con- tain !NIT.SYS. In order to boot a different copy of INIT it would be necessary to change the list of device cluster numbers to identify the blocks used by the new copy of INIT. As it happens, two undocumented features of the monitor allow you to do just that. The LOAD option allows you to load a new version of INIT while at the OPTION level. The WRITEBOOT option updates the bootstrap to identify the blocks used by the version of INIT that is currently loaded. The following procedure is used to install a new version of INIT on a disk. Please note that use of this procedure is not documented by Digital and. therefore. they have no responsibility to support it: 1. Copy the current version of [0,1]INIT.SYS into a file in [O, 1] with a name other than INIT and a filetype of SAV. 2. Copy INIT.SYS for the new release onto the disk in ac- count [0.1] with a name other than INIT and a filetype of SAV. 3. Bootstrap the disk. 4. Patch both new copies of INIT using the patch shown in the example below. 5. Use the LOAD option to load the desired version of INIT. 6. Use the WRITEBOOT option if the currently loaded version of INIT is to be used as the standard INIT during future bootstraps. The following example shows the sequence used in in- stalling RSTS V7.1 on a disk that already contains RSTS V7.0. INIT70.SAV is the copy of INIT for V7.0. INIT71 .SAV is the copy of INIT for V7.1: ' RUN $PIP. SAV *CO,l!INIT70.SAV=[O,l!INIT.SYS *·"[z0,l)INIT71.SAV=MT0:[0,11INIT.SYS Reboot the system. Option: PATCH File to patch? INIT70.SAV Base address? FQINIT Off set address? 10 Base Off set Old New ?????? 000010 035171 ? UNI ?????? 000012 076400 ? \T70 ?? ? ??? 000014 075273 ? %SAV ?????? 000016 000000 ? ·c ;First 3 characters of fi lename ; Last 3 characters of filename ;Filetype is .SAV ;Patch complete Option: PATCH File to patch? INIT71.SAV Base address? FQINIT Off set address? 10 Base Offset Old New ?????? 000010 035171 ? UNI ???? ? ? 000012 076400 ? %T70 ?????? ?????? 000014 000016 075273 000000 ? ? ·%cSAV ;First 3 characters of filename ;Last 3 characters of filename ;Filetype is .SAV ;Patch complete To load INIT for V7.0: Option: LOAD INIT70 To load INIT for V7.1 : Option: LOAD INIT71 To make the currently loaded version of INIT the default for future boootstraps: Option: WRITEBOOT If the WRITEBOOT option is not used, the normal version of INIT will be used the next time the system is bootstrapped. I wish to thank Software Techniques for their in- valuable assistance in developing the procedure described in this article. · SCHERERS SPECIALS DEC CRT's DEC HARDWARE & OPTIONS VT100-AA . .. . ...... . .. $1 ,325 VT100-WA . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,450 VT101-AA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 975 VT102-AA . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,395 VT102-WA . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,450 VT125-AA . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,750 VT125-AA W/AVO . . . . . 2,850 VT131-AA . . . . . . . . . . . . . l ,295 VT131-WA . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,350 VT132-AA . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,450 DEC PRINTERS LA38-GA . . ..... . ... ... . 895 LA38-HA ............ . . . 995 LA38-AA . .. . . . ... . ... . 1,000 LA34-DA .. ..... .. . .... . 795 LA34-AA· ... . ... ...... . . 825 LA120-RA . ... . .... . . . . 1,695 LA120-BA ....... ..... . 1,975 LA120-AA ....... .. . .. . 1,895 LA100-RA .... . .. ..... . 1,625 LA100-YA .. . ... ... . . . . 1,725 LA100-ZA . . .. . ...... . . 1,995 UNIBUS DZ11-A . . .. .. .... . .. .. $2 ,000 DZ11-B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,500 DZ11-E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,500 DMC11-AL/ DMC11-MD Set . . . . . . . . 2,500 DD11-CK/CF . . . . . . . . . . . 300 DD11-DK/DF . . . . . . . . . . . 600 DH11-AD .. ........ .. . 4,900 BA11-KE . ... .... . .. . . . 2,400 FP11-A ..... . ... . .. . . . . 2,100 DL11-A&C ... . . .. . . . . . 375 DL11-WA 595 DL11-WB 675 DISKS RLV22-AK . . . ...... ... . 4,400 RL211-AK . .... . ... . ... . 4,000 RL02-AK .. ... .. . . .... . 2,400 RXV211-BA . ........ .. . 2,700 CALL NADINE OR LAURIE @ (614) 889-0810 CPU BOARD SETS SCHERERS 6145 Scherers Place Dublin, OH 4301 7 (614) 889-0810 **In Kentucky Call: Dave or Mike at: (502) 425-9911 Scherers of Kentucky 10347 Linn Station Rd. Louisville, KY 40223 11/34A CPU-SET . . . . . . . 1,200 KDF11-AA . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,500 MEMORY MSV11-DD . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300 MS11-MB . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,000 MK11-CE . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,500 MS11-LD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,400 MS11-JP (used) . . . . . . . . 105 MJ11-BE .. . ... '. .. .. .. . 3,000 CALL GARY OR GORDON @ (614) 889-0810 CIRCLE 158 ON READER CARD Page 32 RSTS PROFESSIONAL CUMULATIVE INDEX By Greg Justice. Texas Distributors. Inc.. Dallas. TX 75234 Access Control and Security V.N.P. Access Control and Utilization Monitor . 3.1.74 DEC Data Security-the Software Encryption Solution ... . . ... 3.4.12 From All Enemies. Foreign and Domestic-Protecting RSTS ... 4 .3.20 Have You Stolen any Good Software Lately? . . . . . . . . . . 3.3.14 Software Protection : What is it Really? ........ .. ... ...... 3.4 .22 The " SLAM " System-Security Lock and Monitor System ... ... 2.4 .44 Applications A Database System for a Hospital Radiology Department .. . ... 1.1.34 Counterattack on Paperwork .......... . ...... . .... .. . 4.3.40 Database Management Techniques for Application Design ..... 2.1.5 Hardware Independence Using Resident Libraries .... .. .... . 2.4 .82 IMPRS. A Productivity Relational Data Base Language . . ...... 4 .2 .12 Network Processing on RSTS / E ............. .. ......... 2.4.47 Networking and the PDP-11 ............ . ..... .. .... . . 4.3.42 RPTMAN-Report Manager ...... ......... . ...... .. ... 4 .2 .90 SIMINl-A Simulation Mini Computer ................ . ... 4 .4 .71 Telephone Costs Rival Data Processing Costs? .. ... .. ....... 4 .1.8 The Alternative to DBMS ...................... .. . ... . 2.3.44 The Basics of Networking and Digital Communications ....... 4 .2 .S8 TYPE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.4 .30 Using RSTS / E as a Development System for RT-11 & RSX-11 M .. 2.4.14 Word Processing and DEC Computers- Hints and Kinks ... . ... 2.2.19 Basic Plus 2 Basic-Plus-2 and Macro .......... .. .......... . .. . .. .... 2.4 .20 Bit & Byte Manipulation Techniques in BASIC+ ...... .. ... .. 4 .3.86 BP2 (V 1.6) from COM to TKB ................. ·.. ...... 2.3.12 DEB-A Basic Plus II Mini-debugger .............. .. ..... 3.2.20 Getting the Most Out of CSPCOM .......... .. .... .. .... . 3.3.64 Hardware Independence Using Resident Libraries .. .... .. ... 2.4.82 Link-time Initialization of BP2 MAPS ... ... 4.1.38 Making Basic-2 Programs Sharable ......... .. ... .. ... . . 3.2.8 Making BP2 Programs into Run-Time Systems . .. .. .. ... ... 4.2.72 More Notes on Literals and Strings in Basic-Plus-2 ... .. . 4 .2.47 Optimizing Space Allocation of Literals in Basic-Plus 2 . .. .. .. . 3.4 .68 Programmer's Guide to Resident Libraries . . . .. . ... . 2.2.62 Resident Libraries II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... 2.4.8 Segmenting Basic Plus II Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1.8 The Version 7 Basic-Plus-2 " BUILD" that Won 't . . . . . .. 2.3.60 Using SORT-11 from Basic Plus II on RSTS / E Version 7.0 .. .... 3.4.66 Basic Plus/BP2 Programs A Standard Format for Program Dialogue .... . . 2.4.35 ATPKED: At-pee-kay Basic-Plus Line Editor ... 3.4.28 Basic Memory Exercising Programs ...... . . .. .... .. . . .. . 4 .3.8 BIO.BAS .............................. . .......... 4 .1.61 Bit & Byte Manipulation Techniques in BASIC+ . ... .. .. ... . . 4.3.86 BLINK: A Basic Plus Preprocessor ................ .. . ... . 3.4 .40 BP2 Utilties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ......... 3.1.79 CALLER.BAS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. . 3.4.76 CB-Citizen 's Band Radio Emulator. Version 01 .03 ..... . 4.4.8 CCLMAN-CCL Manager for RSTS/E . . . . . . . . . . . ...... 4 .3.18 CREATE.BAS . . . . ................... . ..... 3.3.26 Don't Bubble-Quick Sort .. . ... .... .. ... ...... .. ..... 3.4.58 EXTRACT.BAS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 .2.8S FICHE.BAS . . . . . . . . . . . . .... ...... . ... ....... 3.1.41 FILMAP.BAS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 4 .1.30 Functions That Put the FUN Back In Programming ... .. . . . .. 2.3.56 " Input Loop" Programming Technique . . . . . . . . . 4.1.80 JBSTAT ....................................... . . 3.2.42 JUMP.BAS Enhancement . . . . ... ...... . ......... 4 .3 .51 LD1 :[1.3]AMORT.BAS .. .... ...... .... .. .. .. .. . . .. . 3.2.57 LD1 :[1.3]EXTEND.BAS ..... ........ .. ...... . . ... .... 3.3.17 Logging Into an Account Without LOGIN .. . ..... .. . . . . . . .. 4.2.8 ON20FF.B2S . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1.40 Operational System Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.3.70 Prescription for an Old Program ........... .. .... . ... ... 2.2.14 Programming Standards . . . . . . . . . 1.1.40 October 1982 Pseudo Spooler .. ...... . .................. .. .. .. . .. 2.1.51 SIMINl-A Simulation Mini Computer . . . .. . ... . ... . ·..... 4 .4 .71 TAPE ...... .. ......................... ... . . ..... 2.1.53 The Low-Speed Spooling Package . .... . ... .. . ..... · ... . . 4 .1.64 TIMER.BAS ... ... . .. .. ..... . .... ... .. .. . .. . . ... .. 3.4 .38 TUNE7.BAS ... . .... .. .................. . .. ... . . .. 2.3.62 Using the VT100 Printer Port Effectively .. .. .. .. ... ..... . 4 .3.47 Why Call Your Bank Everyday? .... ...... .. ... . ... .. .. . 4.4.68 DEC CUSP Feature Patches EDT Hints and Kinks .............. . .. . .. . ·..... . .... 4.2.24 EDT Version 2 Patches ........... .... ....···. . ...... 3.3.60 ERRDIS-Selective Clearing of Logged Errors ...... . ....... 4 .4 .34 REORDR-Sorting Alphabetically ........... . ... . .. .. . . . 3.4.50 SYSTAT-Three Functionality Patches ......... . ......... 2.3.52 TTYSET Optional Patch for VT100 Width Changes . ... .. . . . . . 3.4.19 TTYSET Default Command .. .............. ..... . ..... 2.4 .54 DECUS Canadian DECUS. Toronto . . . ...... . . . .. .. . .. .. .. . .... 2.2.13 CBM / RDM-San Diego DECUS. 1980 . .. ..... . ...... .. . . . 2.4 .71 DECUS Canada . .. .. ... .. .......... . .. . .. . ... ... ... 3.1.73 DECUS Plus. or, Independence for the RSTS Community .. ..... 2.2.35 Fall DECUS Symposium. San Diego. California .. ... .... ..... 2.1.15 Good News from SENERUG '80 .... .. ...... . . . .. .. ..... 2.4.32 U.K. DECUS. 1981 Conference ... . ..... ... ........ . .. . . 3.2.40 U.K. DECUS. RSTS SIG Meeting . October. 1980 . . . . . ....... 2.4.56 Digital Equipment Corporation DEC Timesharing (196S) ............. ... ......... . ... 1.1.32 DECWORD/ DP or How I Tried to Get a Free VT100 AVO ....... 4.2.11 Getting the Most Out of Your DEC Field Service ...... .. ..... 4.1 .28 The RDC Revisited . . . .. .......... ... ........ ... .... . 3.2.71 Editing Systems Miscellaneous Items ................. . . . .... . . . ..... 4.4.38 Talking with the World in TECO ......... .. ...... . ..... . 4 .3.14 Games CASE-1578 C.M . .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. .. . . . . . . .. 3.2.76 CB-Citizen's Band Radio Emulator. Version 01 .03 ...... . . . . 4.4.8 Dungeon Map .. ... . ... . ... . ....... ......... ... .... 3.4 .74 Games ..... . .... . ..... '. ..... .... .. . . . ... . . . ..... 1.1.38 GXZY XMQRZPD RST L . . ....... ....... . ..... ..... ... 2.3.68 New Games . . ... .. . .. ......... . .. . .. .... ... . ..... 2.1.23 No Cause for Excitement ... .··........ ........ .. .. ... 4.4.29 One Man's (Boy's) Opinion . ...... .. ....... . .... . ..... . 4 .4 .28 Please Ignore This Notice .. .......... .. . ..... .. ... . . .. 2.2.32 RSTS Defector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .... . . ... 3.4.54 Hardware Address Four Megabytes with an 11 / 34 ......... . ... .. . . . 3.2.80 Big Disks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .... 2.3.48 Building a Born Again 40 .............. .. .. ... ........ 3.4 .65 DECWORD/DP or How I Tried to Get a Free VT100 AVO .. . . . . . 4 .2.11 Enable Compatibility with Non-DEC Peripherals ......... . ... 4 .2 .46 Ever Make A MISTEAK .. ....... ... . .. ... ... .. . . . . . . . 4 .3.25 It's an 11 I 40 Born Again ............................. 3.3 .13 Modems and Multiplexers-Remote Access to a RSTS System ... 2.1.38 Remote Annunciator for Operator Messages . ........ . . . .. . 2.3.50 Report for Commercial Working Group on Magtape Problems .. 3.3.58 RSTS / E V7.1 Does Not Realize the Beloved " TS11 " Exists ...... 4 .3.76 The RSTS Professional Buys a Computer . ..... . ..... . ..... 3.1 .60 Up the Unibus with Gun and Camera ........... .. .. .. ... 2.1.24 Use of an Intelligent Port Selector on Multi-RSTS System . ... . . 2.1.12 Using the VT100 Printer Port Effectively .. .... . .. ..... .. . 4 .3.47 Macro- 11 Basic-Plus-2 and Macro ......... . . . .. ... . . .... . " . .. .. 2.4 .20 Beginner's Guide to Macro 11 Programming in RSTS/ E .... .. . 3.1.26 Disk 1/0 from Macro . . . ........ ... .. . .. . ......... . . . 4 .1.26 1/ 0 from Macro-Quickly and Easily! ..... . . . ..... .... .. . 2 .2.60 Learning VAX MACRO for Fun & Profit .. . .. . . . .. .. . . . . ... 4 .2.52 More 1/0 from Macro-Quickly and Easily . ... .... . .. ..... 2.3.70 ODT.DOC ...... .. . .. .... ...... ...... .... .... . . ... 3.2.74 Over the 1/ 0 Page .............. .. . ..... ... . ... .. .. 3.4 .84 SETUTL.MAC ...... .. ... ... .............. .. .. . .... 2.3.35 Should You Consider Using Macro-11 under RSTS/E? ... . ... . . 1.1.43 The Ultimate Push / Pull Macros . . . . . . . . . ... . .. . .. 4 .2 .62 Welcome Again to Macro Land . .... . .. . . . ... . .... . . . . . . 2.4.78 October 1982 Page 33 RSTSPROFESSIONALRST'SPROFESSIONALRSTSPROF'ESSIONALRST'SPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRST'SPROFESSIONALRST'SPROF'ESSIONALRST'SPROfl:SSIONALRST'SPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRST'SPROFESSIONALRSTSP IS YOUR RSTS/E SYSTEM SLOW? IMPROVE YOUR SYSTEM RESPONSE * * REORG YOUR FILE STRUCTURES EASY FAST SIMPLE ONE STEP DISK TO DISK REORGANIZATION REORG is a high speed tool used to create copies of RSTS/E disk packs. The new packs created have well structured directories, thus providing system performance enhancements. REORG may optionally create a tape backup of the disk being copied. Some of the major features of REORC are: 0 REORG transfers data at over 500,000 Blocks per hour (RMOS to RMOS). 0 No DSKINT, REFRESH, or HOOK steps are needed. 0 All the file handling functions which are usually done by the RSTS/E f i le processor are done within REORG, using large buffers, thus allowing REORG to run much faster and with less system load then a similar program using the RSTS/E FIP. 0 The Storage Allocation Table (SAT) is kept entirely in memory during REORG processing, thus eliminating disk accesses of the SAT. 0 Tapes created by REORG are in a DOS compatible format. 0 All accounting data is preserved by REORG. 0 The location of placed files may be preserved. 0 REORG may copy mounted disks (a system disk for example) as long as precautions are taken to prevent changes to the input disk during the copy. 0 REORG allows copying between different disk types as long as sufficient space is available on the output drive. 0 If the output pack is already a RSTS/E structured disk the Bad Blocks file will be preserved. REORG can also do a quick check for bad blocks on the output disk (even if pack isn't RSTS/E structured) and add them to the bad block file. · 0 The output disk will be bootable if INIT.SYS is present in account [0,1] of the input disk. NORDATA 4433 27TH AVE. WEST SEATTLE WA 98199 (206) 282-1170 CIRCLE 159 ON READER CARD Page34 October 1982 AST'SPROF'ESSIONALASTSPROF'ESSIONALASTSPROF'ESSIONALASTSPROF'ESSIONALAST'SPROF'ESSIONALASTSPROF'ESSIONALASTSPROF'ESSIONALASTSPROF'ESSI ONALR'ITSPROF'ESSIONALASTSPROF'ESSIONALASTSPROF'ESS ION ALPSTSP Writing a Run-Time System (or Happiness in the HISEG) .... . . . 4.4.31 Operating Systems/Languages A RSTS/E to VAX/VMS Conversion ........... .. . . . . . . .. 2-2.54 MUMPS as a Language .... .. ... .. ..... ..... ......... 2.2.33 Polysoft Application Language . . ... . .... . . . . . .... ...... 4 .2.66 Replacing RSTS SYS Calls with VAX/VMS Systems Services . .. . 4 .2.54 RPG System/3 to RSTS/E Conversion .... . .. ..... .. .. . ... 2.1.43 TSXplus-An Alternative to RSTS ........ . . ... .... . ... 3.4.106 Points of Interest An Open Letter to the RSTS Community. (Spooling Package) ... . 2.2.45 Bit & Byte Manipulation Techniques in BASIC+ ............. 4.3.86 DECWORD/DP or How I Tried to Get a Free VT100 AYO ... .. .. 4 .2.11 Double Precision Integers ......... .. ...... . .......... 1.1.37 EDT Hints and Kinks .... ... ................. .... ... . 4 .2 .24 Ever Make A MISTEAK . . ........ .. ...... ... ...... .. . 4 .3.25 Goodies- Tidbits From Here and There .. . ..... . .......... 2.2.33 Goodies .. .. . ................ . .... .... .... . . ..... 2.2.34 Goodies .... . . ................ . . . ... . . . .......... 2 .2.68 How to Use BUILD . .... ... ... .. .. ............ ....... 4 .2.32 RSTS / E V7.1 Does Not Realize the Beloved " TS11 ··Exists . . . .. . 4 .3.76 Terminal Printers, Magtape Densities. Disabling Keys . .. ..... 3.1 .15 Resource Allocation A Shortage of Small Buffers ... .. ... ..... .. . ..... .. ... 4 .3.77 Analysing and Allocating Data Processing Resources ....... .. 3.2.32 RSTS/E's Small Buffers ............. . ....... . ....... . 4 .1.39 Software Management . ..................... .... ... . 2.3 .71 RSTS/E Benchmarks Benchmark DIBOL vs. Basic-Plus 2 .... ... . . ............. 3.4.82 The RSTS/ E Benchmarks-Part 1 .. ... ........... 3.2.12 The RSTS/E Benchmarks-Part 2 . .......... ... ......... 3 .3.8 RSTS/E Disk Structure All Things BRIGHT and Beautiful . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1.62 CREATE.BAS .... . . .. .... .. ............. 3.3.26 Disk Structure Notes .. ... ...................... . . .. . 3.1.25 How Do You Read a RSTS/E Disk Structure? .. .........·... 4 .1.45 Introduction to RSTS Directories ... . ...... .. . .......... 1.1.30 RSTS Disk Directories. Part 2 .... . ... .. ....... ....... . . 2.1.45 RSTS Disk Directories. Part 3 .. .. . .. ..... .. .... . 2.3.38 RSTS Disk Directories. Part 4 ........................ .. 2.4.72 RSTS Disk Directories. Part 5 .... ... .............. . 3.2.62 RSTS Disk Optimization .................... ... .. .... . 2.2.28 RSTS/E Disk Structure and Recovery .. . . ...... . . ... . . ... 2.4 .58 So Your Disk is Irrevocably Corrupt? .. ...... ... .. ..... ... 3.3.28 The Case for NFF ... .. ... ......... . . . .... . .... . . .... 4 .1.42 The Disk Inversion Map . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.3.37 RSTS/E Monitor Enhancements CTRL/ F Monitor Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1.18 The Implementation of Hidden Files under RSTS / E V7 .0 ... . .. . 3.3.78 The RSTS Extension ......... .. ...... . ..... . . . 3.4.93 RSTS/E Monitor Internals A Shortage of Small Buffers .. .. . .. ... .... ............ 4 .3.77 Ever Make A MISTEAK ..................... . ........ 4 .3.25 FIP·s Alignment Algorithm .............. . ...... . ..... 3.3.30 RSTS Monitor Internals ... ... . .. ........ .. . . .. . .. . . .. 4 .3.34 RSTS / E Monitor Internals. Part 2 ....................... 3.2 .82 RSTS/E Monitor Internals. Part 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... 3.3.38 RSTS/E Monitor Internals. Part 4 ....... .... ............ 3.4.88 RSTS/E Monitor Support ... .. . ........ . .... .......... 3.1.43 RSTS/E·s Small Buffers . . . ... ................ . .. . . ... 4 .1.39 RSTS/E V7.1 Does Not Realize the Beloved "TS11 " Exists ..... . 4 .3 .76 The RSTS / E Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 .2.74 V7 .0 Initial Report . . . . . . . . ..... . .. . .............. 2.1.49 RSTS/E System Management A RSTS Performance Checklist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... 2.4.76 Basic Memory Exercising Programs ... . . . .. . .. .... . . .... 4 .3.8 Ever Make A MISTEAK .... ..... ...... . .... . .... . 4 .3.25 Getting the Most Out of Your DEC Field Service . . . .. 4.1 .28 Lost Your Lights? and Other System Performance Questions . 2.1.65 New User's Manual for RSTS / E ............... . ........ 2.2 .8 New User's Manual for RSTS/ E. Part 2 . . .. . . .. ...... . .... 2.3.8 Operational System Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.3 .70 RSTS/E System Management ............... . . .. . .. .. . 3.2 .14 RSTS / E-The In-house Timesharing Alternative .. ......... . 1.1.23 RSTS/ E V7.1 Does Not Realize the Beloved " TS11 " Exists . . .... 4 .3.76 Software Management ..... . ............. . . ... .. . ... 2.3 .71 System Management for RSTS / E ... . ............ . .. . . . . 3.4.78 The Basics of Networking and Digital Communication ... .. ... 4 .2.58 The RSTS/ E System Manager- Datatrieve. SPRs ...... ... . . . 3.3.84 The RSTS/E System Manager-Magtape ........... . .... . 3.4.72 The RSTS/E System Manager-Magtape ...... ...... . . . .. 4 .1.90 The System Works for You. But. .. . . . ........ ..... ...... 2.4 .64 The Version 7 Basic-Plus-2 " BUILD" that Won 't ....... ... ... 2.3.60 Structured Programming A Standard Format for Program Dialogue . . ............ 2.4 .35 A Top-down Look at Interactive Software. Part 1 ...... . . . .. 3.4.8 File Structure and Accessing Techniques . ... ....... ....... 2.3.18 Functions that Put the FUN Back in Programming ..... . ..... 2.3.56 " Input Loop" Programming Technique .............. . .... 4 .1.80 Prescription for an Old Program .... .. ........ .... . ..... 2.2.14 Programming Standards . ... ................... . ..... 1.1.40 Structured Programming in Basic-Plus and Basic-Plus-2 . ...... 1.1.6 Writing Str uctured Programs in VAX-11 BASIC . . . . . . . ..... 4 .1.51 TECO ? How TECO? Introduction . . ... .......... . ...·· .... ... . ....... 1.1.27 Structured Programming in TECO ... .... .. ...... .... . . 2.2.37 The Uses and Abuses of Q-registers . .............·.. .. . 2.1.61 ? Why TECO? Introduction ...............·... ... ......... . .... 1.1.26 Language .......... . ......·............... . .... 2.2.36 VTEDIT ................ ... . . . ........ . . . . .... .. 2.1.60 Are Macros Worth Using? ......··...... .. ....... .. ... 3.3.20 BLDCTL: Control File Processor .. .. ................. .. . 3.1.68 DIRECT.TEC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ......... . . .. . . . . . 3.2.36 Editing Systems-Talking with the World in TECO . . . . .... 4 .3.14 .Program Development System ................... 3.3.24 QUERY .TEC ....... . . . .. . ... .. .. ... .. . 4.1.34 RPGED.TEC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 .2.87 SHOW.TES . .. ..... . ........... .... . . . ......... . .. 4 .1.79 Some Easy TECO Macros .. ·. . . . . . . . . . . .. 2.4 .80 TECO 2 . . . .... .. .. .. ........... .. .... . . 4.3.84 VTEDIT.TEC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........ 3.4.70 VTEDIT.TEC: EDT V2.0 Emulated w ith TECO ............... 3.3.90 The RSTS Crystal Ball ONLRES Makes RSTS MODULES [Non] Resident . .. ...... .... 4.4.60 The New World of 7.1 .... .. ... . . . ......... . ...... . . . 4 .3.30 Third Party Software Basic+ as an Environment of a High-Level Prog . Lang . . ...... 2.2.46 IMPRS. A Productivity Relational Data Base Language ... .... . 4 .2.12' Notes From a Ride on the AMTRAIN(ing) ....... . .......... 3.2.90 QUE.11 System Manager's Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . ..... ..... 3.1.34 QUE.11 User's Guide ....... . ................... .. ... 2 .4 .86 Why AM BASE-or How to stop Worrying and Love DBMS .. 2.1.20 Tips & Techniques Cotrees-the Overlay Structure . ............. .... ...... 4 .3.54 Determining SYSO Call Privileges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.4.52 EDT Hints and Kinks . .. .. ................... . ... . ... 4 .2.24 EDT Version 2 Patches .. ... ..... . . . ... . . . . ..... .... . 3.3.60 Feedback-Comments on the Proposed EDT Initializer . ...... . 4 .3.68 Formname in One-shot Spooling Call. BP vs BP2 CUSPS . . ..... 3.4 .52 Making BP2 Programs into Run-Time Systems ....... . ..... 4.2.72 Proposed Standard EDT 2.0 Initializer ............. . ..... . 4 .1.74 VAX-Scene A File Compress Utility for VAX / VMS Systems ......... . . . . 4.3.64 CONPAX: Conversion of PDP-11 Assembly to VAX-11 Native ... 3.2.52 Conversion to VAX (" native mode") BASIC . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.26 Learning VAX MACRO for Fun & Profit . . . . . . . . ... 4 .2.52 Replacing RSTS SYS Calls w ith VAX/VMS Systems Services .. . . 4 .2.54 The Other Story About VAX and VMS ................. . .. 3.1.51 Transportable Software on VAX / VMS Using Support Library . .. 3.4.60 VAX News .. .. ........... .. .................. . . .. 3.2.56 VAX 11 /780 and VMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 4.4.48 VIVID / 11 and SCANIO / 11 : CRT Screen Forms for VAX-11 . .... 3.3.52 Welcome to VAX! What is VAX? . . . 2.4.51 Word Processing for the VAX ..................... .... 4.3.60 · Writing Structured Programs in VAX-11 BASIC . . . ..... . .... 4.1 .51 Page 36 October 1982 SOME WORD PROCESSING SECURITY TECHNIQUES By Peg Leiby I was recently retained as a consultant by a company to account access when combinations of documents are re- assist in training and design for a large word processing ap- quired. plication. They have dedicated a PDP 11I44 primarily to The default protection code given to the above men- word processing with as few other data processing applica- tioned files is < 60 >. This allows read and write access only tions as possible. to the owner's account. There are two commands in the The company receives numerous telephone or written Document and Transfer Utility which allow a user to .. inquiries on a daily basis. The goal is to reply promptly with manipulate the protection codes: a professional personalized letter which contains highly PI for the index file {INDEX. WPS) and technical information. In the previous 'typing pool' opera- PR for each individual document (WPSnnn.WPS). tion. clerks using IBM mag-card typewriters chose from Using the same project number. e.g . [200.1]. [200.2]. hundreds of standard form letters. Most responses were [200,3]. [200.4]. the codes are changed to < 56 > to allow able to fit into one of these letters although it was often read access across programmer number boundaries. ('PIP' necessary to combine information from more than one. Con- was used to change all the documents in each account to siderable control and effort were required in this manual < 56 > after the letters were converted.) Once a document system to ensure both timely and accurate information. and index have allowed this access. the CO command is used WORD-11 was chosen in part because of its extensive to perform the copy with a subsequent GOLD-GET (inserting List Processing capabilities. List Processing 's basic function: one document into another) to combine text into one docu- Merges a LIST document (records containing field ment. names with variable information) with a What follows is a description of some of the WORD-11 FORM document (a standard format with field features that we use in the system along with ways of names for variable placement) to produce an securing them. OUTPUT document of the finished product. A SELECTION SPECIFICATION document allows Library Document specific records in the LIST to be merged with a FORM This document contains many of the technical terms. document based on the variable information using con- standard paragraphs of the existing letters. the list process- ditional keywords. boolean operators. wildcard expres- ing record format. and other repetitive information. sions. etc. The Library Document allows frequently used text to be The SELECTION SPECIFICATION can also be set-up to ac- easily recalled and inserted into other documents. What cess more than one FORM document during the merge proc- make this document unique are the identifiers used before ess. essential since the standard letters vary each day. the text: for example < <beginning paragraph> > could be List Processing also can sort records in a list by any field an identifier with a standard beginning paragraph to follow. value. Data processing type reports can be generated by It is necessary to inform each individual WORD-11 ac- creating a FORM document in the format desired with count of the document number and location to access as its headings. breaks. footings etc. library document. This is a one time notification if the same I expect that most of the information I give is applicable document is to be used all the time and is handled in the to DEC's DECWORD as well as to WORD-11. I'm not trying to Editor's Menu accessed via any WORD-11 document. teach WORD-11 here but rather to supply enough A Library Document may be shared by different ac- background information to make the problem and its solu- counts if it has been properly protected. A shared Library tion intelligible. Document is easy to secure by placing it in a separate ac- count since the password of that account is controlled . The WORD-11 Files There are three main types of files used by WORD-11 in User Defined Sequences (UDK's) an active account: The user defined key feature (UDK). a method of stor- INDEX.WPS The WORD-11 index of documents ing pre-defined keystrokes. is used extensively to automate WPS.TSK Contains among other things stored the entire list processing procedure as well as to sort lists. settings and user defined sequences generate reports. etc. (referred to as UDK's: stored keystroke The UDK's were created in the same account as the sequences) Library Document and the WPS.TSK file containing them WPSnnn.WPS The actual WORD-11 documents was then 'PIPed' to the accounts where needed. The specific {where nnn is the document number). documents in each account. such as the LIST. FORM. Because there are so many, the standard letters are SPECIFICATIONS. OUTPUTS. etc. all needed the same divided across accounts by their basic technical category. WORD-11 document numbers to allow the UDK's to work. While this improves directory look-up time. the protection Security can be enhanced by the periodic replacement codes of the documents have to be considered for cross- of all WPS.TSK files from a secure source. BRAEGEN MPD H.AS THE DISK STORAGE SUBSYSTEM YOU NEED INTRODUCING THE CSL-SERIES OF DISK STORAGE SUBSYSTEMS Braegen's Minicomputer Peripherals Division is committed to providing the systems and peripherals DEC-users need. BENEFITS · Compatible with *DEC *PDP-11 and *VAX Massbus systems. · Provides *RM03/RM05 Emulation with enhancements. · Supports mixed drive sizes. · Supports DEC Dual Port Diagnostics. · Supports Overlap Seeks. · Fast delivery. · Local service and quantity discounts available. CIRCLE 95 ON READER CARD Page 38 October 1982 RST'SPRO FESS ION A LRSTSPROFESS IONALRSl'S PROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRST'SPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSION AL'1SfS PnOFESSICNALRSfSPRO r ESSION A !..~PRD· 2SS!O N .<!.RSTS P~o= 1 0NALRSTI P Standard Letters it is unlikely that the PR option would ever be abused . The The technical content is such that changes to the stan- program used with managerial control does provide reason- dard letters can and do occur on a regular basis. Control of able protection. these documents is of utmost importance as the information is used by the recipients as 'truth'. While human error is EXTEND I SECURE . BAS Peg Leiby 4/82 the primary concern, maliciousness is not ruled out as a possibility. 90 ON ERROR GOTO 19000 Placing these sensitive documents in other accounts 200 F.PA R$ = 1 SY : SECURE.DAT 1 = \ F.LST$ 1 SY:SECURE.LST 1 I PARAMETER FILE I LISTING FILE where the password could be controlled will not work I \ F. PARj · 1j because WORD-11 requires all documents merged during \ F.LSTI · 2J I List Processing to be in the same account. 800 GOSUB 6000 \ GOSUB 6200 I OPEN PARAMETER FILE & l ALLOW DATE CHANGE It initially appeared that a customized program would I \ GOSUB 7000 I OPEN LISTING FILE be required to maintain control of these sensitive I 1000 I HAIN LOOP · documents. A file would be created to store the document numbers and the date of the most recently approved change. A look-up in the RSTS directory would be made to compare the actual date a document was changed (per the directory) to the date of an approved change (in the file). FQR PPNJ · 1j TO PAR. TOTj I \ V$ · SYS(CHR$(6j) + CHR$( - 10j) + PAR. PPN$(PPNJ)) I \ PPN $ · HID(V$ , 5J , 2J) \ OSK $ · HID( V$ , 23J , 4j) I LOOP THRU PPN 1 S I STRING SCAN FOR DIR TO CHECK & & & & I PROPER PPN FRMT DEVICE Maintaining this file of sensitive documents would require \ UNT$ · HID(V$,25J, lj) I UNIT manual up-keep. 1030 PPN. IDXJ · OJ I SET INDEX LOOK- UP TO lST & 'Write Protecting' the document files by adding ·2· to 1050 GOSUB 4000 \ GOTO 1200 IF I DIRECTORY SYS CALL LOOK- UP & I EOF (DIRECTORY ) & the protection code wouldn't work because while preventing I \ GOSUB 4200 & I VALIDATE editing or deleting from occurring, list processing wouldn't I 11 00 GOSUB 7 200 IF LST.FLGJ I DESCREPANCY work either. The error message \ GOTO 1050 I ?'n' is in use or protected against modification 1200 EJ · OJ \ NEXT PPNJ (where 'n' is the document number) I 1400 I TERMINATION ROOTINE occurs while attempting the merge process. Unauthorized deletion of a letter will show up when a UDK trying to access the document halts the process. 149G GOSUB 6400 \ GOSUB 7600 I GOTO 32767 I STORE TOD AY'S DATE I CONVERT LIST TO W11 The solution for securing the letters still seemed to be the program and file mentioned above. It occurred to me that if there were something unique about these documents perhaps the RSTS directory could be used instead of a separate file.. . oh yes, the < 56 > protection code to allow the copying across accounts. A program would still be need- 11000 SYS CALL ROUTINE V$ · SYS(CHR$(6j) + CHR $ ( 15Jl + CHR$(PPN.IDXJ) + CHR$(SWAPJ (PPN.IDXJ)) + PPN $ + STRING$( 16J ,OJ) + DSK$ + UNT$l I SYS CALL TO FIP & I DIRECTORY LOOK ON IDX CODE & I INDEX OF FILE TO READ & & & I UNUSED & I DEV ICE TO READ I UNIT TO READ ed: however, now a much simpler version could be written. The date would be checked on only those files with a protec- tion code of < 56 > . The date of last access is changed by WORD-11 whenever a document is edited or even printed. It is not changed when accessed by LIST processing. A listing of the program follows. The program is executed by typing 'F Secure· at the Main Menu. The program scans each directory using a PPN list kept in an ASCII parameter file. When it encounters a WORD-11 document 4050 4060 4080 4090 WORDlJ · SWAPJ(CVTU(HID(V$, 7J ,2j))) I RSTS FILE NAME \ WORD2j · SWAPJ(CVT$J(HID(V$,9J ,2j ))) \ WORD]J · SWAPJ(CVT$J(HID(V$, 1 l l ,2J))) \ FIL.N AM $ · RAD$( WORD1j) + RAD$(WORD2J ) + "·" + RAD$ (WORD3JJ FIL . PRTJ · ASCII(HID(V$, 15J , 2j) ) I PROTECTION CODE FIL.DATJ · SWAPJ(CVTU(HID(V$, 17J ,2J))) I LAST ACCESS DATE I \ PPN. IDXJ · PPN. IDXJ + lJ I FOR THE NEXT LOOK-UP I RETURN with a protection code of < 56 > and a date-written greater than the date of the last run (stored and updated in the parameter file) it creates a list processing compatible record in an output file. There is no need for a maintenance pro- 4200 VALIDATION ROOTINE I. LST.FLGJ · OJ I INITIALIZE & \ GOTO 4290 UNLESS FIL.PRTJ · 56J I THE ONLY ONES TO CHECK · · & I & \ GOTO 4290 UNLESS LEN(FIL. NAH$J · lOJ & AND = LEFT(FIL.NAM$,3j) 'WPS' gram for the parameter file as any editor can be used to add or change PPN's. 4250 IF FIL.DATj > PAR.DATj THEN LST . FLGJ · -lJ & I FOUND DESC REPAN CY ·· FLAG IT & A subsequent chain to the WPSDAT program converts 4290 RETURN the ASCII text to a WORD-11 document. Finally, WPSDAT 6000 OPEN PARAMETER FILE returns the user to the WORD-11 Main Menu, giving the user OPEN F.PAR$ AS FILE IF.PARJ the impression that the terminal has always been controlled by WORD-11 . Then a UDK is invoked to sort the list in document number order and execute list processing, printing the desired report. It should be noted that this is not a fool-proof security system since the users could change protection codes if they knew how. This possibility is minimized since the clerks are 6050 6060 6070 INPUT LINE IF. PARJ, A$ \ PAR. TOTj · VAL(CVT$$(A$ , 4j)) I FOR PPNI · 1J TO PAR. TOTj I \ INPUT LINE IF. PARI, AS \ PAR.PPN$(PPNJ) · CVT$$(A$ ,4j) I \ NEXT PPNJ I INPUT LINE IF. PARI , A$ \ PAR.DATj · VAL(CVT$$(A$,4J)) I kept in the WORD-11 environment. In addition, since they 6090 RETURN are unaware of the protection code process in the first place, 6200 ALLOW DATE CHANGE NATIONWIDE DATA DIALOG (215) 364-2800 70 James Way, Southampton, PA 18966 REAL RSTS SECURITY ·LOCK-11 ·Access control with 'hardened' security file and editor. ·Unlock specific [p,pn] or [p,*] for specific user or keyboard. ·Unlocks can cover specific day & time ranges. ·Comprehensive alarms from independent sources. ·Auto log in available, with or without password. ·Auto keyboard disable on probe. ·All user-assignable logicals, default KBM, etc, automatic. ·Person-oriented user-id or (mix/match) KB: based security specifications. · SAFE-11 ·A MENU run-time environment [KBM] ·Total containment of non-privileged users. ·Multi-level MENU access control; entire applications, selected menus or parts of menus can be locked by: a) system manager b) supervisor. REAL RSTS CONTROL · LCKDPY TSK (VT5DPY in MACRO) The ultimate MACRO SYSTAT. · The system manager's observation platform ·Issue 'UTILTY' commands without exiting display. ·Hi-light activity of selected keyboards. ·Alarms certain critical conditions. ·Negligible load. ·DYNPRI TSK (Macro-of course) · LOCK-11 's observation platform. ·Online-tunable dynamic priority changer. ·Biases response in favor of KB-state users. ·Auto hibernate detect and alarm. ·Can kill HB-s in selected [p,pn] or [p,*] ·Can print audit trail of arrivals and departures. ·Negligible system load. CIRCLE 12 ON READER CARD Page40 October 1982 RSTSPROFESSIONAUlSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROF'ESSION ALRSTSPROFESSIONAl.RSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPRC>ruSIONALRSTSPR~IO NALRSTSPROF'ESSIONALA.miPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALilSTSPROF'ESSIONALRSTSP 6230 6250 6290 6400 6450 7000 7090 7200 7250 7290 7600 7650 7660 7680 7690 19000 19050 19999 20700 20702 20703 20706 20708 20712 20716 PRINT 'Last date checked 'i DATE$(PAR.DATJ) \ PUNT CHR$(7J) \ INPUT 'Enter new date ( MMDDYY) or <er> 1 ; X$ \ X = VAL(X$) I ERR -> 6230 I \ PAR.DU'S = FND.AYJ(X) UNLESS X$ · " \ GOTO 6250 I PRINT 'Invalid date' \ GOTO 6200 I PRINT 'Checking the following accounts: ' \ PRINT USING 'II \ \ ' IS, PAR.PPN$(IS) I FOR IS = 1J TO PAR. TOTJ RETURN RE-WRITE PARAHTER FILE WITH TODAY'S DATE KILL F. PAR$ \ OPEN F. PAR$ AS FILE IF. PARJ I PRINT IF. PARJ, PAR. TOTj \ PRINT IF. PARJ PAR . PPN$ ( PPNJ) I FOR PPNJ · 1J TO PAR. TOTJ I \ PRINT IF. PARJ USING '11111 ', FNJj I \ CLOSE IF. PARJ I RETURN OPEN LISTING FILE OPEN F.LST$ FOR OUTPUT AS FILE IF.LSTj RETURN PRINT WORD-11 TEXT FILE PRINT IF . LSTj \ PRINT IF. LSTJ \ PRINT IF. LSTJ \ PRINT IF. LSTJ \ PRINT IF. LSTj \ PRINT IF. LSTJ \ PRINT IF. LSTJ I RETURN 1 <ppn>'i '<doc>'; '<date>'; '<last date>'; '<>' PAR . PPN$(PPNJ) & KID(FIL.NAM$,4J,3J) & DATE$(FIL.DATj) & ·· DATE$(PAR.DATj) & LISTING CLOSE & WORD-11 CHAIN CLOSE IF.LSTJ CCR.COM$ : F.LST$ + CHR$(13J) + '{DH1) LIST: Pl Security' + CHR$( 13') + 'NO' + CHR$(13J) + 'WPSHEN.BAC(11,0]' + CHR$(13J) + CVTJ$(Oj) Z$ : SYS(CHR$(8j) + CCR .COM$) CHAIN '(11,0]WPSDAT' 3000()j RETURN Ej = ERR RESUME 4090 IF AND ERR = SJ = ERL 4000J I \ RESUHE 6230 IF ERL = 6200 I PRINT 1 RSTS Error I : 'i Ej; ·at line number 'i ERL I STOP I FLOATING HHDDYY TO JULIANJ DEF FND. AYJ(D ) IF D < 010170. THEN D7J ·-lJ \ GOTO 20708 I EARLIER THAN ALLOWED I D8J,D1zD/10000. \ D:l>-(INT(D1)"10000. ) \ D2,D9J·D/100 . \ D()j : IHD9J"100J) · I DECOMPOSE HHDDYY TO D8J,D9J,D()j & I D7J : (D8J-1j)·30j - (D8J>1J) + (D8J>2J) \ DO:D()j \ D7J · D7J + ((D8J>2J) AND ((D0/4j) <> INT (D0/4j))) - (D8J>3J) - ( D8J>5J) - (D8J>7J) - (D8J>8J) - (D8J>10S) + ((D()j - 70J) · 10J .. 3J) + D9J FND. AYJ : D7J \ FNEND I I CHANGE TODAY'S DATE TO JULIANJ I DEF FNJJ \ TO.DAY$ = DATE$(()j) I TODAY IN DEC FORHA T & I HHDDYY$ : MID(TO.DAY$,4J,2J) + RIGHT(TO.DAY$,7J) + LEFT(TO.DAY$,2J) T.IPS & ECHNIQUES A Column For The Advanced RSTS/E User Steven Edwards, SOftware Techniques, Inc. Optimizing BASIC-PLUS-2 Programs Through Profiling .. Profiling is a technique that can help you tune a pro- gram by detecting which lines (sections, subprograms) are executed most frequer:tly. After all, why spend your time optimizing a line of code that is executed only a few times. First. a few caveats: 1. although significant improvements in execution time can be realized if you know where to look, no amount of optimizing can save a poor algorithm. 2. all lines are not created equal - some lines take con- siderably more computer resources than others. This technique cannot differentiate multi-statement lines . This technique was implemented by writing a short piece of MACR0-11 code named BP2PRO. BP2PRO replaces the BASIC-PLUS-2 LIN$ thread routine and prints the cur- rent module name arid line number to the user's terminal. This data can be captured and sorted into meaningful infor- mation. Let's take a ·real-life' example. Several years ago, there was a program .on one of the RSTS SIG tapes (authored by Richard Case) named TRACE. TRACE 'traces· the directory blocks read to locate a file. In effect, it shows you how many directory blocks FIP will have to read to open a file. The ver- sion of TRACE that we use in-house is loosely based on Richard's program . We'll return to the original program (TRANSiated to BASIC-PLUS-2) for our example. Here is the procedure to profile a BASIC-PLUS-2 pro- gram: 1. Assemble the BP2PRO module, using COMMON (from the RSTS distribution tape) and PRE (from the BASIC-PLUS-2 distribution tape). 2. Compile the program and link with the BP2PRO module. 3. Run the program via ATPK to collect the profiling data. "' 4. Sort the log file. S. Count the number of times each line was executed. I use the UNIQ program from the DECUS "C" language tape to count the number of times each line was ex- ecuted. If you don't have this program it is a minor task to write a BASIC program to do the same func- tion. 6. Sort the log file from running UNIQ to produce a file listing the lines by frequency of occurrence. 2071 8 20720 32767 FNJJ = FND.AYj(VAL(HHDDYY$)) FNEND END !TODAYS JULIAN DATE l · Page 42 October 1982 RSTSPROF'ESSIONALRSTSPROF'ESSIONALRSTSPROF'ESSIONALRSTSPROF'ESSIONALRSTSPROF'ESSIO NALRSTSPROF'ESSIONALRSTSPROF'ESSIONALRSTSPROF'ESSIONALRSTSPROF'ESSIONALRSTSPROF'ESSIONALRSTSPROF'ESSIONALRSTSP TRACE 00090 PROFIL.SRT 4. BASIC-PLUS-2 (unlike some other languages) guarantees that all expressions in an IF statement are executed. even if the first expression is sufficient 76 TRACE 00590 266 TRACE 00700 266 TRACE 00710 266 TRACE 00730 266 TRACE 00740 344 TRACE 01010 344 TRACE 01020 344 TRACE 01030 344 TRACE 01040 344 TRACE 01050 344 TRACE 01060 344 TRACE 01070 344 TRACE 01080 344 TRACE 01120 344 TRACE 01160 to determine the final outcome. The IF statement on line 730 determines if the current file is the desired file by comparing the 3 RADIX-SO encoded words that make up the file name and the file type. Obviously, if the first word of the file name does not match (which is the most fre- quent condition) , we know the current file cannot be the desired file. S. BASIC-PLUS-2 evaluates a number of expressions at · compile time. The expression " NOT 1So/o" on line 740 is not one of them . We'll save a few instructions by evaluating it ourselves. The 'optimized" sections of code are presented in figures 3 &4. 344 TRACE 01170 344 TRACE 01180 Summary We have limited our effort to 2 short sections of code. Profiling the program indicated where our effort could best Using this procedure on TRACE we learn that 92 dif- be applied-and where it could not. The result of this exer- ferent lines were executed a total of 5642 times. We can see cise is that the 'optimized ' version of the program takes less from the portion of PROFIL.SRT above. that 16 of the lines than 113 of the CPU time than the original version did . (about 15%) account for about 90% of the lines executed. Clearly these lines are where we should look to optimize this program . 700 X · FNB (W\C l\l l I GET FIRST NAME BLOCK Upon examining the source to the program. we see that these lines comprise 2 sections of code. The first section 710 GOTO 730 UNLESS L\ S KIP THE FILE PRINT OUT UNLES S WANTED (figure 1) determines if the requested file has been found. and the other section (figure 2) unpacks the directory link from the buffer. Let's see what we can learn from these 2 sections of code (listed in order of contribution to reducing execution time). 730 IF W· (2\) · FU ANO W\ ( 3\ ) · F2\ ANO W\ ( 4\) · E\ THEN GOTO 760 IS THIS THE FILE? 740 IF (W\(l\l ANO CNOT lS\l l <> o· TH EN GOTO 7 00 GO TRY AGAIN UNLESS THE FIRST WORD IS ZERO (AFTER THE FLAG BITS HAVE BEEN TRIMMED). 1. BASIC-PLUS-2 allows the programmer the means to FIGURE 1 access word oriented data structures in 1/0 buffers (via MAP statements) much more efficiently than BASIC-PLUS. 1010 IF U < 0\ THEN T6\ · -1 I\ · I\ ANO 32767' CHECK FOR NEGATIVE BLOCKS Using a MAP statement to define the 1/0 buffer as a large word oriented array allows us to re-write line 1160 to be more efficient. NOTE 1020 I 1030 Tl\ - en I 4096\l ANO lS\ SECTOR IN CLUSTER IF T6\ · -1 THEN Tl\ · Tl\ + 8\ T6\ · 0\ TAKE CARE OF NEGATIVES Line 1160 contains a " FOR" modifier. BP2PRO counts all 8 executions of statement 1160 as 1 line. Thus statement 1160 is really executed 8 t imes as 10 4 0 I lOSO I T2\ · CI\ I Sl2\l AND 7\ CLUSTER MAP POINTER T3\ · I\ ANO 496\ BLOCKETT£ - DROP LOW ORDER 4 BITS frequently as shown in PROFIL.SRT. 2. Most of the lines involve a reference to the array WO/o( ). However. the subscript is almost always a constant! Array address calculation is a fairly expensive operation compared to a simple variable 1060 I 1070 l 10 8 0 T4 \ · D\CT2\ + 1\) + INT(Tl\ I C\) CLUSTER NUMBER IN BLOCK TS\ · Tl\ - C\ · INT CTl\ I C\I SECTOR POINTER IN BLOCK IF TU · S2\ THEN GOTO 1120 IS BLOCK IN CORE? reference (11 instructions v. 2 instructions). We'll re-write the references to WO/o() to reference separate simple integers instead. 1120 IF TS\ · SJ\ THEN GOTO 1160 CHECK IF SECTOR IS MAPPED 3. Lines 1010-1050 determine the address of the desired blockette within the UFO, using a flag word (T6%) to indicate if the sign bit is on in the link word. 1160 1170 I W\CT9 \l · SWAP$CVTS\CRIGHTCA$, TJ\ - l\ + CT9' · 2\llll FOR T9\ · 1\ TO 8\ MAP THE BLOCKKETTE B9\ · T3\ SAVE BLOCKETT£ NUMBER We can simplify lines 1010-1050 a little bit so 1180 FNENO t hat the flag word is not needed . FIGURE 2 October 1982 Page 43 RSTSPROFt:SSIONAUlSTSPROFt:SSIONALRSTSPROFt:SSIONAUlSTSPROFt:SSIONALRSTSPROFt:SSIONAUlSTSPROFt:SSIONAUlSTSPROFt:SSIONAIJlSTSPROFt:SSIONAIJlSTSPROFt:SSIONAUISTSPROFt:SSIONAUlSTSPROFt:SSIONAUISTSP 700 X\ = FNB\CW. l\ ) GET FIRST NAME BLOCK 710 GOTO 730 UNLESS L\ Sl<IP THE FILE PRINT OUT UNLESS WANTED 730 740 140 1010 \ \ \ I 1060 I 1070 I 1080 GOTO 740 IF W.2\ <> Fl\ GOTO 7 40 IF W.3\ <> F2\ GOTO 740 IF w.4\ <> E\ GOTO 760 IS THIS THE FILE? IF {W. l\ AND -16$ <> 0\ THEN GOTO 700 GO TRY AGAIN UNLESS THE FIRST WORD IS ZERO ( AFTER THE FLAG BITS HAVE BEEN TRIMMED). FIGURE 3 !!AP (BU Fl BUF\C409S\) MAP THE LARGEST DE.VICE CLUSTER AS A WORD ORIENTED ARRAY. T2\ CSWAP, (l\l AND 2S4'l I 2\ Tl\ · T2\ I 8\ T2\ · T2\ AND 7\ T3\ · I\ AND 496\ CLUSTER. S ECTOR. CLUSTER , (FOR REAL. ) BLOCKETT£. T4\ · 0\ (T2\ + l\l + INT(Tl\ I C\l CLUSTER NUMBER IN BLOCK TS\ · Tl\ - C\ · INT (Tl\ I C\) SECTOR POINTER IN BLOCK IF T4\ · S2\ THEN GOTO 1120 IS BLOCK IN CORE? 1120 IF TS\ · S3\ THEN GOTO 1160 CHECK If SECTOR IS MAPPED 1160 \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ 1170 1180 . TEMPO\ (TS\ * 256> + ( (T3\ + l\l I 2\) W,l\ BUF\ ( TEMPO\ l w. 2\ · BUF\ (TEMPO\ l\) w. 3\ · BUF\ (TEMPO\ 2\) W.4\ BUF\ (TEMPO\ 3\) w. 5\ = BUF\ (TEMPO\ 4\) W.6\ BUF\ (T EMPO\ S\) w. 7\ = BUF\ (TE MPO\ + 6\) W.8\ sun (TE MPO\ + 7\l MAP THE BLOCKKETTE 89\ · T3\ SAVE BLOCKETT£ NU MBER FNEND FIGURE 4 PROFIL.CMD COMPILE TH E BASIC-PLUS-2 SOURCE ! BP2 OLD TRACE COM/OBJ I I ASSEHBL~ THE PROFILING CODE I MAC BP2PRO "" PRE, COMMON, BP2PRO I I LINK THE BASIC-PLUS-2 OBJECT I TKB TRACE = TRACE, BP2PRO, LB :BP2COM/LB I I RUN THE BASIC-PLUS-2 PROGRAM VIA ATPK TO GET THE PROFILE LOG I @I A.THP = KB: $DISABLE LOG RUN TRACE (enter a non-existant name in a large account) ·c $ENABLE LOG I SORT THE PROFILE LOG I SRT B.TMP / Fo , s = A.TMP / FQ,S,80 / KE,CNl.ll I I COUNT THE IDENTICAL LINES ) @ C.TMP = KB' SDISABLE LOG UNI0 -C B. TMP "c SENABLE LOG I I SORT THE LINE COUNT LOG I SRT PROFIL.SRT/ FO,s - C .TMP/ FO'S,80 / KE,CNl.16 I I CLEAN UP AFTER OURSELVES- 1 UNSAV E A. THP UNS JW E B. THP UNSAV E C. THP ' QUE THE SORTED, COUNTED PROFILE FILE I QUE PROFIL.SRT Title BP2PRO.MAC · Ena bl LC BP2PRO, <BASIC-PLUS-2 PROFILER > ,01, 07-AUG-82 , <SLE > Package: In-House Written by : Steven L. Edwards Date: 07-AUG-82 Copyrig ht (C) 1982 Software Techniques Los Alamitos, California 90720 This software is un-released and Software Techniques has no commitment to support it at this time, unless stated else wh ere in writ i ng. Modification History Ver / Edit Date Reason V7.0-0l 07 -AUG-82 Initial conception. COPIED FROM DEB. (SLE) General Description This routine replaces the Basic-Plus 2 LINS routine. This routine allows you to do generate some profiling info, Assembly instructions: !!AC BP2PRO = P~E, CO~ON, BP2PRO is on the SYSGEN tapes is the BP2 tapes Linki ng instructions: Edit the ODL, CHO, or TKB command line to include a reference to the object module BP2PRO. Note: do not li nk to BASICS because references to resident libraries are resolved before object modules. Ignore the TKB error message : \TKB -- *DIAG*-MODULE $ERROR MULTIPLY DEFINES SYMBOL LINS Since our module is referenced first, the task-builder will ignore the Plus-2 routine. Global Symbols . Glob! . Glob! .Glob! .Glob! Lins SCbdsg $Cdtb SOtsv Entr y points. Number conversion routine. Number conversion routine. OTS pointer, Variable Description and Initialization .PSECT RWOATA, RW, D, LCL, REL, CON PROTXT: .ASCII <15 >< 12 >/ ??????00000 /< 15 >< 12 > PROLEN z: · - PROTXT .Even; in the quietest moments .. , Mainline Program .PSECT ROCOOE , RO, I, LCL, REL, CON LINS: PUSH RO PUSH RI PUSH R2 Save RO. Save RI. Sa\.'e R2. GETOTS ADD MO>/ MO>/ MO>/ MO>/ MO>/ RO INMPTR,RO (RO ) ,R2 IPROTXT+2,RO (R2l+, CRO l + (R2l+,(R0 l + CR2l+, (RO ) + Get QTS pointer. Point to module name pointer. Point to module name. Po/ nt to name area. 'NO NA ME" MO>/ MO>/ MO>/ CALLX R4, @$0TSV (R 4 l + , Rl SP,R2 SCBOSG Store the pointer to the line Save the c urr e nt line number. No zer o s uppression. Con v ert Binar y t o De c imal, SiGned , MO>/ ORB, RO MO>/ IPROLEN, CRO l MO>/ (RO l +, CR Ol + I MO>/ IPROTXT, (R O) + CLR ( RO l + CLR ( RO l + CLR (R Q) + CLR (ROl+ .WRITE Addre ss o f Xr b . ?t Le~ g th t e xt. Addr ess of te xt. Pr in t t he te xt . POP R2 PO P RI PO P RO Res t o r e R2. Res t ore Rl . Res t o r e RO. J MP . ENO El CR 4 l + Ex i t. mac k t o Plus 2) · DON'T WAIT FOR THE MOVIE. THE RSTS INTERNALS MANUAL IS HERE! You can get more from your RSTS system with MAS-M. MAS-Mis the application software system from Martin Marietta Data Systems that can help you do more with your DEC hardware. That's because MAS-Mis the on-line software system that gives you much more than you'd expect from packaged software. More Flexibility. MAS-M's modular design lets you choose from 10 different application systems: D Accounts Receivable · Accounts Payable · General Ledger · Order Processing · Invoicing · Inventory Control · Inventory Accounting · Bill of Materials Material Requirements Planning D. Purchasing You can implement just the modules you need to satisfy your demands. And no matter which combination you choose, the MAS-M system is always fully integrated. MAS-M's flexible design also makes it easy to install, and simple for your users to operate. And, since MAS-Mis written in BASIC-PLUS-2, and based on the RMS-11 data management system, the software is fully compatible with your current RSTS/ E operating system and DEC software. More Control. You can count on MAS-M for more comprehensive data accuracy and security, too. MAS-M's powerful transaction processing MONITOR gives you maximum control over your data-from start to finish. User passwords and menu selections are checked against user security profiles. Data entry validation is also standardized in the MAS-M MONITOR, so any invalid data can be corrected before it reaches your application program. More Productivity. MONITOR is also an important tool in developing new applications. You can use MONITOR to create input screens and validation rules online. And, MONITOR can help you improve programmer productivity by providing a standard framework for input of code that minimizes the difficulties of user interface and terminal characteristics. More Support. You can count on Martin Marietta Data Systems for system development and implementation, comprehensive training, and clear, concise documentation. We can also provide an extensive Maintenance Service to support your MAS-M system. What it all adds up to is a packaged software system that can give you everything you need to get your jobs done. And more. Write or phone us today, and we'll tell you more about how the MAS-M software system can work for you. II 1111 111111 11111111 Ml\S·M The Software System That Can Help You Do More. MARTIN MARIETTA DATA SYSTEMS 0 Martin Marietta Data Systems Marketing Services, R/H 6303 Ivy Lane, Greenbelt, MD 20770 (301) 982-6500 CIRCLE 111 ON READER CARD IWARTIN IWARIETTA DEXPO West 82. The Only Show As Important As Your DEC* Computer. t . DEXPO West 82. 100°/o "Compatible" With Your DEC System. DEXPO West 82. The Only Show You Really Need. DEXPO West 82. Free to All DECUS* Conference Registrants. There's a world of compatible products that can make your DEC computer do more. Do it faster. Do it cheaper. Or just do it better. And you'll discover that world at DEXPO West 82. A world of 250 vendors demonstrating all the latest DEC-compatibles. More DEC-compatibles than at any other computer show in the world. *DEC and DECUS are registered trademarks of Digital Equipment Corporation. C'EXPO West 82 makes it easy to find the hardware, software, services and supplies you're looking for. Thousands of alternatives, enhancements and special solutions will be on exhibit-many for the first time anywhere. You'll even find a wide range of compatibles for DEC's new personal computer and CAD/CAM introductions. Everyone who owns, manages or uses a DEC computer belongs at DEXPO West 82 ... top management, financial management, DP management and senior staff. DEXPO West 82 is only five minutes from the Ana- heim DECUS Conference. It's easy to make the Show part of your schedule. Free shuttle busses will take you from the conference to the Show and back again. And your DECUS conference badge entitles you to enter the Show of'. \O~ without ~~~·~~c\,eo>\Ue~ -oe\i~S paying a registration fee. r------------------, DEXPOTM West82 SEND FOR COMPLETE DETAILS ON THE WORLD'S MOST COMPLETE DEC-COMPATIBLE SHOW D Tell me how I can save time and money on DEXPO West 82 regis tration, air fare, hotel accommodations and car re n t a ls. D Send _ _ extra copies for my associates. (am o unt) NAME _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _~ The Second National DEC-Compatible Industry Exposition TITLE _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ __ COMPANY _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ __ ADDRESS _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ Anaheim Convention Center CITY _ _ _ _ _ _ STATE _ _ ZIP _ _ __ Anaheim, California December 7-9, 1982 Mail to : Expoconsul Internationa l, Inc. 19 Yeger Road , Cra nbury, NJ 08512 -------------~~--~-- L----------T-el: 6-09--799--166-1 ---.J Number 10 ; -SCENE (RSTS PROFESSIONAL. Vol. 4, No. 5) October 1982 INSIDE: D VAX PERFORMANCE NOTES D SFAO, The Formatted ASCII Output Directive Page48 October 1982 VAX PERFORMANCE NOTES By Carl B. Marbach The current offering of VAX computers consists of the dual processor 11 /782, the single processor 11 /780, midrange 11 /750 and the smallest VAX the 11 /730. Knowing which one of these is right for your application is a hard job. There is one major premise which all performance data must be measured against: All application systems are different. Thus. it is impossible to accurately predict how your system will run on any given processor. with any given options. Before you despair. it is possible to find out the general performance of these machines and make an educated guess about whether your particular application will run. The RSTS newsletter recently carried an article on performance that made some DEC people mad, mostly because it was possible for the reader to become confused about what the data really said. The best way to get performance data is to call your local DEC salesperson and ask him to come out and discuss performance with you. tell him to bring his 'sales guide' and to make sure it has the chapter that includes performance. What I am trying to tell you here is what kind of information you can get, and how to get it; not what the information is. Inside DEC there are groups designated to do performance measurement and reporting. They have very sophisticated tools (computers and programs) to help them do this measurement. They also have some of the expertise necessary to do this job. These engineers load up various machines with several different 'workloads' to simulate different user application environments. Some of these workloads are an insurance company simulation, a specialized application package (COBOL programs). college registration system simulation and an order entry system . Each of these simulations is run and data gathered on certain ·metrics'. The metrics measured include average response time. transaction throughput. transactions per hour, mean service time (time needed to complete on whole transaction. user productivity and computation time). This is not meant to be the whole list, but is representative of the type of measurement that is made. Results of these tests are informative ONLY if the reader takes the time to reflect on the reasons for the differences between two configurations. The number of batch jobs per hour run with 12 interactive terminals by an October 1982 Page 49 RSTSPROF'ESSIONAU1STSPROF'ESSIONALRSTSPROF'ESSIONAU15TSPROF'ESSIONALRSTSPROF'ESSIONAU15TSPROF'ESSIONAU1STSPROF'ESSIONAU1STSPROFESSIONAU1STSPROF'ESSIONAU1STSPROF'ESSIONAU1STSPROF'ESSIONAU1STSP RSTS/E ON VAX ROSS/V (RSTS/E Operating System Simulator for VAX) ROSS/ V is a software package. written in VAX-11 MACRO. which provides a RSTS/ E monitor environment for programs running in PDP-11 compatibility mode on DEC's VAX-11. ROSS/V supports: · The BASIC-PLUS interactive environment. · Concurrent use of multiple run -time systems · Update mode (multi-user read /write access to shared files ) · CCL (Concise Command Language) commands. · An extensive subset of RSTS/ E monitor calls . ROSS/ V runs under VMS and interfaces to programs and run-time systems at the RSTS/ E monitor call level. ROSS/ V makes it possible for DEC PDP-11 RSTS/ E users to move many of their applications directly to the VAX with little or no modification and to continue program development on the VAX in the uniquely hospitable RSTS/ E environment. Most BASIC-PLUS programs will run under an unmodified BASIC-PLUS run-time system . RSTS , PDP·11 , VAX·11 , and DEC are trademarks of Digital Equipment Corporation . (Eastern U.S.) Evans Griffiths & Hart, Inc. 55 Waltham Street Lexington, Massachusetts 02173 (617) 861-0670 ROSS/ Vis available from: (Central U.S.) Interactive Information Systems, Inc. 10 Knollcrest Drive Cincinnati, Ohio 45237 (513) 761-0132 CIRCLE 67 ON READER CARD (Western U.S.) Online Data Processing, Inc. N. 637 Hamilton Spokane, Washington 99202 (509) 484-3400 111730 is not improved by increasing from 2MB to 3MB. Why? An 111750 can support about 50% more interactive terminals while running the same number of batch jobs per hour with a similar increase from 2MB to 3MB of main memory. Why? The 111730 has run out of CPU power at that level of batch jobs and interactive terminals. adding memory won't stretch the CPU. but the 111750 has more CPU power to go and adding the memory frees the CPU power to be used by the application instead of managing the (too small) 2MB. What this tells you is not that the 11 1730 is a 12 terminal machine and the 111750 is a Z4 terminal machine. but rather that the 11 1750 can benefit from more memory and the 11 1730 can't. It was interesting to note that on one of these simulations the 111730 peaked (2 second response) at ZO terminals and 2 MB, the 11 !7SO at 44 terminals and 6MB. and the 111780 at 56 terminals and 6MB. Just to show you how foolish a comparison like this can be. during a different simulation an 111780 NEVER had less than a 2 second response time even with 4MB and 8 terminals! We know that the task must have been more complicated in this case. and that the 2 second response time stayed the same until there were more than 32 active users. Another interesting parameter to watch in these 'metrics' is when the flat line of a graph begins its sharp upward swing: that is. when response time goes way up as you add the 35th terminal. One of the very nice things about RSTS is the way it seems to degrade slowly rather than 'falling off the end of the table' when it reaches some limit. Up to a point this is true. but beyond that limit - bad news. Small buffers used to be a problem where large systems would run very slowly when the small buffer count dropped below 50-60: memory can be a problem when swapping starts eating up CPU and disk transfer capacity and this hurts more on the slower CPUs. I have seen systems that overload their disk transfer capability and go slowly when several disk intensive jobs are running: even though lots of CPU is still available. Even when systems slow down. or response time increases this can still mean that tuning (soft- ware) or some hardware enhancement can significantly in- crease the machine's capacity. With all this in mind, for one workload the 11 1730 started to slow down sharply at 16 users. the 11 1750 at 28 users and the 11 1780 at 36 users. For comparison between machines these results may be valid, but an 111780 is more than a 36 user machine! In fact, for comparison the 111780 is a little more than twice an 11 1730 and about 133% of an 11 1750 under these con- ditions. In yet another simulation the 111750 (6MB) began slowing rapidly at 56 users and the 111780 (6MB) at almost 80 users. giving the 111780 about 140% of the 11 /750's performance. Getting a flavor for relative power? More can be gotten directly from your DEC salesperson! There is much more to be said about performance. and lots more VAX information. Next we will talk about single user performance. standard benchmarks like 'whetstones'. single instruction timings and some comparisons with the 11 I 44 and others. ... continued on page 84 Page 50 October 1982 $FAO The Formatted ASCII Output Directive (or, Print-Using in Macro ...) By Bob " MACRO MAN " Meyer The $FAO monitor call (excuse me. I mean ·system Ser- vice'; Oh, how I wish they'd stop changing terms. . .) turns out to be quite a handy tool. Basically, the call provides a means of getting numeric data to the outside world (which under RSTS requires various numeric conversion subrou- tines). formats the data just about any way you like. allows you to intermix text with the numbers (i.e. 'Balance: $1950.50'), AND does output in octal.decimal or hex! The heart of the $FAO directive is the 'control string' parameter. This .ASCID string (.ASCID is like .ASCII. but the assembler creates a STRING DESCRIPTOR before the string for you) is interperted by VMS when the directive is exe- cuted and gives you strict control on how the output will look. If you'll turn to the sample program. in the TEXT psect, locate the label CTRL:; this is the control string for our demo. What your looking at is as follows: The '!13 < · specifies a field with a length of 13; this field is terminated a few characters later with the symbols '! > '. The string 'Decimal:' will be output first; the '!UW' indicates that an UNSIGNED WORD will go here: this word will be parameter #1 in the FAO call. The number will be padded to the left with spaces so that the entire string (including 'Decimal: ') will have a total length of 13. (Note that the !UW and other such commands must be upper case.) Moving down the control string , you'll find the com- mand ·1ow· (OCTAL WORD). which will output the second parameter (P2) in octal. and '!XW' (HEX WORD) will display the parameter P3 in hex. The '!/' adds a CRLF to the output. Some other FAO commands are: !%D insert today's date in the output string !%T insert the current time !%S insert the letter ·s·if the next parameter is> 1 !ZW like !UW (unsigned word). but zero fill !AS insert an .ASCID string into the output string Lengths for items can be specified by inserting a length count between the T and the command: !5ZW insert a decimal number, and zero fill to 5 places Repeat counts can also be used: !3(6ZW) insert 3 decimal numbers, each 6 characters long The special symbol ' # ' tells FAO to use the next parameter on the list for the next required value; for exam- ple, the command: J#(4UW) interprets the first parameter to be a count of the number of items to follow; each item will be taken as an unsigned word with a length of four. To use the $FAO call , you must provide the following in- fo: (see label 10$: in the demo program) a control string (as described above): a buffer where the system can return the formatted string ('FAODESC' points to the descriptor which points to the actual FAO buffer); a word in which the system can put the length of the formatted string (FAOLEN); and finally. a number or list of numbers that you'd like format- ted in the output string. (A second call is also provided, $FAOL. which acts like $FAO but accepts the address of a LIST of arguments as the P1 parameter. for applications where several pieces of data are to be output.) Once the $FAO call has been executed, we actually print the contents of the FAO buffer on the terminal. From there I just bump the counter NUM, and loop till I'm convinced that it works. This demo program should work if keyed in as is. To assemble & link: $MAC DEMO $LIN DEMO $ R DEMO The results should look something like: Decimal: 0 Octal: 000000 Hex: 0000 Decimal: 1 Octal: 000001 Hex: 0001 Decimal: 2 Octal: 000002 Hex: 0002 Decimal: 3 Octal: 000003 Hex: 0003 Decimal: 4 Octal: 000004 Hex: 0004 Decimal: 10 Octal: Decimal: 11 Octal : Decimal: 12 Octal : (except for the 3 dots. . .) Have fun! 000012 000013 000014 Hex: OOOA Hex: OOOB Hex: OOOC . title fao fo r matted asc11 ouq.out exampli- · 1 dent / demo/ . pscct 11r.pu1 e .word 0 f aodesc: . lon<1 BO . long faobuf faobuf: .blkb 80 . faolen .word 0 ttdesc: . long 80 . , long ttbuf tt.buf : .bl kb 80. ttlen · . -t.tbuf tt : . ascid /TT/ tt.chan: .word 0 ;numb<:r to I ; the {ao dee ;len!]th of fao bulfe1 ;addrE'ss of the rao buffer ;the actual buffer ;holds lE:nqth of str 1nq returned t..y fao :terminal descriptor ;address of tt t.iuffer :actual tt buffer : length of tt buffe r ;name of t his terminal tor $ass i gn :holds channel returned by Sass19n . psect te x t. ct.rl : . asc1d ' ! ll"Dec1nial · . psect. fao: code . word 0 5assign_s- devnam .. tt.,- chan·ttchan bibs r0 , 105 !UW ! > Oct.al : ! OW He :11: ! XW ! / ' ; the fao cont.rel string ;regu:ter save mask ; assiqn t.he t.t: ;conttnue if assign wo rk ed ;else return to V l'IS with e r ror in RO 105: Sfao_s- ct r str.,ctrl,outlen,., f aolen , outbuf·faodesc , Vi·num , p2·num, pJ·num :forma t an outpu t s tri nq ; address o f r ao cont r ol st r i ng ; whe r e t o pu t l eng t h of fo r mat t ed string ; addrese of fao desc r ipto r ; pa r ameter!: LO be Ou t put 5q1ow schan·ttchan,func· t 105 w r 1tevb~k.pl·faobuf ,p2·faolen ;print the conten t s of the fao ;buffer on the tt: 1ncw cmpw blss num num, t 2S . 105 ;bump the count.et : have we seen enouqh? ; not yet; loop ;yes : )USt Clllt to V MS .end fao October 1982 Page 51 C·CALC.m C-CALC is the high-performance electronic spreadsheet written in the extremely CPU-efficient 'C ' language-designed with speed , efficiency, and transportability in mind. C-CALC is extremely user-friendly , with an ON -LINE HELP feature, comprehensive documentation, and built in training procedure. C-CALC is a 'menu ' oriented system with easy to use single level commands. DIGITEC Software Design , Incorporated offers on -going product maintenance and extensive customer support services. C-CALC is currently or soon to be available for the following operation systems: RSTS/E *, RSX-11 M * , IAS *, RT11 * , VA X/V MS *, TOPS 10/20 *, UNIX **, VM /CMS(I BM ), GCOS(HONEYWELL), and many more. Data is fully transportable between operation systems. For more information, Call: (206) 821-7507 · Registered trademark of Digi tal Equ ipment Corporation · · Regi stered trademark of Bell Laboratories THE ELECTRONIC SPREADSHEET FOR ALL COMPUTERS C-CALC's features include: Fully transportable data Supports most types of terminals · Extensive ON -LINE HELP · Built in training procedures Menus and single level commands Variable width columns · Comprehensive worksheet consolidation Computed Coordinates Alpha or Numeric Column Coorordinates IF - THEN - ELSE · Conditional formatting · Equations may contain text DIG IT EC Software Design, Inc. 14125 - 108th Avenue NE, Kirkland, WA 98033 (206) 821-7507 CIRCLE 134 ON READER CARD THE RSTS CRYSTAL BALL - Part 3 .. . continued from page 12 is shown in figure 3. A sample BASIC+ program which prints the load averages is listed at the end of the article, after LOADAV.MAC. If you encounter any problems with the installation or the code. please contact me. If you are not in the mood to key all of the files. send a check for $20.00 to HSI (attn:MCG) and we'll send you a tape with all of these goodies, plus the ONLRES source from last month. Please specify 800 or 1600bpi. RSTS V7.2 NOTES Unfortunately. as of this writing, we have not received our V7.2 distribution. so I don't have much information on internal changes. I do know that DEC didn't keep its promise about the new spooling package. Apparently, V7.2 will still run the old. crufty V6A spooling package that we all know and love(?). I do know of two internal changes in V7.2. The first is a fix for the UU.TRM (set terminal characteristics) call. There are no problems with setting terminal speeds in V7.2. Secondly. I heard that !NIT.SYS was changed to automatically shuffle the memory allocation table. if any entry has changed in size. What this means is if you use ONLRES to change your monitor size. or change other memory allocation values in the monitor SIL, INIT will fix the memory allocation table for you when you reboot. If your monitor got smaller, INIT will push XBUF and the default RTS down in memory so there is no wasted space. Alter- *AG/, MHB / -13 C/13-JUL-82, MHB /G / SJM/I t/MCGt <er > *AH/ <tab >DEFORG <tab >OSTCTL <tab >< tab >;QUEUE STATISTICS/ V<er > <tab >DEFORG <tab >QSTCTL <tab >< tab >;QUEUE STATISTICS TABLE <er > *AV <cr > <er > *AV <c r > ; ***** TBL IS THE START OF READ-ONLY MEMORY ***** <er > *I <cr> <tab >DEFORG <tab >LODCTL <er > <er > LOADAV : : <tab ><tab ><tab > ; Load average buckets, pointed to by LOAOPT <cr > <tab >< tab >< tab >< tab >; at TTYH CT - 2 <cr > LOADlH::.BLKWO <tab >< tab >< tab >: One minute load average <cr > LOADSM::.BLKWO <tab >< tab ><tab >: Five minute load average <cr > LOADFM::.BLKWO <tab >< tab >< tab >: Fifteen minu te load average <er > LOD1ML : :.BLKWO <tab >2<tab ><tab >: Internal 32 bit one min ute load average <er > LODSML:: . BLKWO <tab >2<tab >< tab>: five · LODFML:: .BLKWO <tab >2<tab ><tab >; <er > " fifteen <esc>*V <cr > ; ····· TBL IS THE START OF READ- ONLY MEMORY ***** <er > *H /NSPTMO/ V<cr > ; NSPTMO - NSP TI MEOUTS. <er > *AV <cr > ; <er > *AV <cr > ; THIS SUBROUTINE IS CALLED ONCE A SECOND, EllERY SECOND .·· <er > *AV <cr > :-<er > *AV <cr > <er > *AV <cr > <tab >DEFORG <tab >NSPTMO <er > *I <er > <tab >DEFORG <tab >LOADAV <er > NSPTMO : :CALL <ta b>NTMO <tab >< tab >; Call the real NSP timeout checker <cr > <tab >SPLC <t ab >3<tab >< tab >; Back to level 3 just in case <cr > <tab >JMPX <t ab >COMPLD <tab >< tab >; Now off to compute the load ave rage <cr > <er > <esc >"V <cr > <tab >DEFORG <tab >NSPTMO <er > *G/ DEF/ -3DV <er > <tab >ORG <tab >NSPTMO <e r > *AV <cr > <er > *AV <cr > NSPTMO: <tab >RETURN <tab >< tab >< tab >;NOTHING UNLESS OVERLAID <er > *G/ SP/-2DV <er > NTMO : <tab >RETURN <tab >< tab >< tab >; NOTH ING UNLESS OV ERLAID <er > *EX <cr > FIGURE 1. CPATCH Command File for TBL.MAC Page 52 October 1982 RSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROfOSSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSP *AG/ . MllB/ -13 C/ 13 - J UL- 82 . Ml! B/G/ABC/ Il / MCGt<cr > *H/ TTYHCT :: ,WORD<tab >O<tab ><tab >;t OF UNHANGS PERFORMEDIV< cr > TTYHCT: : .WORD<tab> O<tab>< ta b>; t OF UNHANGS PERFORMED<cr> *OAI <cr > LOADPT :: .WORD<tab >LOADAV< t ab><ta b> ; Po i nter to loa d ave r a ge buckets<cr> GLOBAL <tab ><LOADAV ><c r > <e r> <esc> *OAV <er> TTYHCT:: , WORD <ta b>O< t ab>< t ab>; t OF UNHANGS PERFORMED<cr> *EX <er > FIGURE 2. CPATCH Command File for TTDINT.MAC *G/ TBL , TBLIV<c r> TBL,TBL/ C·IN : COMMON,KERNEL, DK : CONFIG,IN : CH ECK, TBL<cr> *AI<c r > $R MACRO.SAV <c r > LOADAV,LOADAV /C· IN : COMMON,DK:LOADAV <c r > <esc >*G/ 'rl'r:N RIV< cr > TTDINT/ C<cr > *AI <c r> LOADAV / C<c r> <esc >*EX <cr > *G/ TBL,TBL/V<c r > TBL,TBL/ C· I N:COMMON , KERN EL,DK : CONFIG ,IN : CHECK ,TBL<c r > *AI<cr > $R MACRO.SAV <cr > LOADAV , LOADAV / C·I N:COMMON,DK:LOADAV<cr> <esc >*G / TTDI NTIV <c r > TTDINT/ C<cr > *AI <cr > LOADAV /C< cr > <esc >*EX<c r > FIGURE 3. CPATCH Command File for SYSGEN.CTL nately. if the monitor grew in size. it will push up the other entries to make room. Finally, a note about named directories. I don't know if named directory support has been removed from V7.2 (I'd have to guess it hasn't}. Although the code more or less works. there are several dangerous bugs in it. Occasionally, the code will blast the first block of disks with named directories (i.e. the root of the MFD}. This means a potentially nasty cleanup job. I don't have a fix for this bug, nor have I even had the time to look and see what causes it. I would advise against using named directories without such a fix. CONCLUSION Several people have requested an ONLSET program: i.e.. something that will perform some or all of the functions of INIT's SET command on-line. Also. I have had some time to play with FMS. and have managed to design forms using VT100 graphics. double height characters. and other goodies that DEC insists FMS won't deal with. If there is any user interest in either of these topics. please let me know. Perhaps I will make them the subject of future articles, DECUS sessions. etc. I hope you have enjoyed this installment of the RSTS Crystal Ball. I will continue to try to present information which is interesting and useful. In the future. I may be able to answer any technical or semi-technical questions that you send to me. In any case. I would enjoy hearing from you. so if you have any questions, gripes, or suggestions, call or write me at the address below. Until next time. hack hack! Michael C. Greenspon, C/O Integral Information Systems, 9832 Vicar Street. Suite 100, Los Angeles. California 90034. (213) 558-0732 The JDB's connected to the IOB. The IOB's connected to the WCB ... See the RSTS Internals Manual. ;?C.ENAB L LC TITLE LOADAV, <System load average computation>, 11, 13-Jul-82, MCG Copyright (CJ 198 2 by Integral I nformation Systems, Inc., Los Angeles, California Title to and owne rsh ip of this software shall at all times remain with Int egral Information systems. The information in this software is subject to change without notice a nd s hould not be const r ued as a commitment by Integral Informatio n syste ms. This so f t ware is unreleased and Integral Information System. ENABL LC ITLE LOADAV, <System load average computation>, ll, 13-Jul-82, MCG Copyright <C> 19 8 2 by Integral Information Systems , Inc., Los Angeles, California Title to a nd ownership of this software shall at all times remain with Integral I n formation systems. The information in this software is subject to change without notice and should not be construed as a commitment by Integral Information Systems. This software is unreleased and Integral Information systems has no obligation to support it at this time, unless stated elsewhere in writing. COMPLD - Compute the load average Call: Called once a second through NSPTMO hook · ENABL LSB DEFORG 10$: ·· LDWI°· CLR CLR TST CMP BHI MOV BEQ MOVB CMP BLE MOV BIT BNE BIT CO MPLD R2 Rl (Rl)+ . Initially no running jobs Start with job · o· Go to next job 2 Rl, fJOB MX2 30$ JOBTBL (Rl >,RO 10$ JDPRI IRO l , RO RO, t -121. Done all we need to do? ' Yes, go do computations ' Get job data block pointer ' No job, try next one ' Get the job's prior ity ' IS the job suspended? 10$ JBWA IT (Rl), RO RO ,J BSTAT IRl l 20$ I JS.SY,RO Yes, go to next one ' Get the job's waits ' IS the job runnable? ' Yes , bump counter ' waiting on disks , etc? .-2 : ·· PATCH· · Waits to consider runnable 20$: JO$: GLOBAL GLOBAL BE() INC BR MUL CALL 10$ R2 10$ No, try next job ' Count one more job runnable '' . ~nd loop ' 11 0000. ,R2 Make it jobs 10000. 100$, RS, <LODI ML, 60. ,LOADIM> Compute load averages CALL 100 $ , RS, <LODSML , 60, ·s., LOADS M> CALL 100$, RS, <LODPML,60. · l S., LOADFM > RETURN ' That's all <J0BMX 2 ,JOBTBL ,JBWAIT, JBSTAT, LOADlM, LOAD SM, LOADFM> <LODl ML,LODSML,LODFML > Do the loild average computation: RS - > Old load average bucket, number of samples in average, nor mall ized load ave r age bucket <16 bi ts) R2 /R J · Curre n t number of jobs in a run state · 10000. 100$ : MOV MOV MOV DIV SUB SBC CLR DIV SUB SBC (RSl+,R4 (R 4 l ,Rl 2< R4 l,RO IRS> ,RO RO , IR4l 2 (R4l RO 1100. ,RO RO, (R 4 l 2 IR41 Pick up the address of the load average Get the average all 32 bi ts Get I/nth of load average Subtract this nth from the average handle carry if any Clear for di v ide of remainder A neat hack to get averages down to zero Subtract out this smaaaaall number handle carry HOV R2 ,RO MOV RJ ,Rl DIV (RS)+,RO ADD RO, IR4) ADC 2 ( R4 ) MOV IR4l ,Rl MOV 21R4l,RO DIV 1100. ,RO MOV RO,fl lRSl+ R~TURN RS Copy so as not to clobber these Get I / nth of jobs in a run stale · 10000. Add it into the load average , forming the new load average · 10000. Handle carry if any Pick up the load average now All 32 bits of i t Make it into load average · 100. 116 bits, no round-off error) and save it, fix return address (isn't the POP-11 instruction set great for a 16 bit processor?) That's it, go home . DSABL · END 10 LSB ! Simple BASIC+ program to display the system load averages. ' I See text of article for more information on i.mplementation, etc. ' DIM M$JO\ l Ii CHANGE SYSICHRS(6\l + CHRSl-12\1) TOM\ Get monitor tables pact II ' LOADPT\ · M\ ( ll\l + SWAP\ ( M\ 112\1) - 2\ Get TTYHCT address - 2 as ' pointer to load averages ' LOAOAV\ · PEEK ( LOADPT\ ) Now get address of averages ' LlMIN · FNRE AL ( PEEK(LQADAV\l l Get one minute average ' LSMIN · FNREAL ( PEEK (LOADAV\ + 2$) Get five minute average' LlSMIN · FNREAL<PEEK ( LOADAV\ + 4\ ) I I Get fifteen minute average & PRINT USING ·Load averages : 1 min : ti . ti , S min: ti . ti , IS min: u . u· , & Ll MIN/1 00., LSMIN/ 100., LlSMIN/10 0. ' · SS· SYS(CHRS(9\ll \ DEF · FNREAL(INTEGER\l I Now print out the averages ' I and get out & I Convert integer to real & \ FOO · INTEGER\ & \ FOO· FOO+ 6SSJ6. IF FOO < 0. l Fix BASIC's stupidity about & \ FNREAL · FOO \ FNEND & \ END I unsigned integers ' · October 1982 Page 53 RSTSPAOFESSIONALJISTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALJISTSPAOFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALJISTSPROFESSIONAL/IST'SPROFESSIONALJISTSPROFESSIONAL/IST'SPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALJISTSPAOFESSIONALRSTSP LE'ITERS to the RSTS Pro ... . . . continued from page 6 lower leve ls. Hence this is not a p roble m fo r the 32 KW limit. I must defend the 'developers' o n this point , and my a utho rity stems fro m th e fact tha t I have been a develo per, a lbeit a short time, a nd before tha t, a Regio n S uppo rt perso n with D EC here in SPR (South Pacific Regio n). M y RSTS ex perience ste ms fr om the V4 days (D o you remember th e 28KW RSTS system??). Th a nks aga in fo r your great efforts, a nd a fin e mag. Look fo rward to your D EC Pro. Rega rd s fro m d ow n und er, Ha rry Sta rr Go ld Coast Co mputer Services S urfers Para dise. Qld ., Austra lia In an attempt to use the me mo ry exe rciser submitted by R. A. Smith of Digita l a nd published in the June/ July iss ue(' Basic Memory Exercising Programs", RS TS Pro. June 1982. V.4, #3, p.8), I have fo und seve ral maj or bugs which will prevent the progra m fro m performing its intended fun cti o n. T he basic co ncept o f this progra m is good and if implemented correctly, it will work. However, if this progra m fo und a ny defecti ve memo ry locations it was due to ra nd om cha nce. The memory exe rciser progra m is intended to write to, a nd read fro m, th e res ident library. Thus by m ov in g the library around ph ys ical memory the progra m will be a ble to access specific phys ica l memory locat io ns, a nd pin-point the actua l address a t which there is a memo ry proble m. It is un fo rt una te that the progra m as was published did not perfo rm the desired fun ctio n, even th o ugh it would give a ll a ppearances of do ing so. S how n below a re the reaso ns tha t this progra m will not work p ro perly. I have also outlined the cha nges necessa ry to have the progra m access specific physica l memo ry locatio ns. PROBLEM : The memo ry exerciser never accesses the res ident library MEMCOM . As a result the memory in the co mmon block M EM D AT is never ma pped to M EMCOM a nd the memo ry tha t is exercised is wherever the program ha ppens to be loaded in memo ry. SOLUTION: F orce th e progra m to access the res ident libra ry. T o access a res ident libra ry the progra m must be att ached to the libra ry, create a windnw into the library, a nd ma p tha t window. The mea ns fo r access ing a resid ent library can be d one in e ither of t wo ways: I. Use the tas k builder res ident lib ra ry directives RESLIB o r R ESCOM . When using these directi ves the tas k builder includ es in the task image all o f the necessa ry code to access the resident libra ry. A ll of this is tota lly tra nspa rent to the programmer. For the memory exerciser program this directive would be: R ESCOM =S Y: [I ,800M EMCOM / RW Thi s directive " tells" the tas k build er to set things up so tha t the progra m will a ut oma tically attach to the res ident libra ry M EMCOM in account [I ,80), a nd a ll ow read / write access to the libra ry. The directi ve a lso ca uses the tas k build er to ma p the co mmon a rea M EM DAT to the resident libra ry. See the Task Builder User's Guide fo r mo re info rmati o n o n accessi ng res id ent libraries thru the tas k build er d irectives. 2. Use M AC RO-I I subrout ines to iss ue the . PL AS direct ives to a ttach to a resident lib ra ry, create a wind o w, ma p tha t wind ow a nd detach fro m the res id ent library. This meth od requires M AC RO- I I subro utines beca use the .PLAS d irectives a re not ava il a ble fro m Bas ic-Plus 2. See the RS TS / E System Directives Manual fo r mo re informa tio n o n using the .P LAS directives to access resident libraries. PROBLEMS: When a progra m is attached to a resident library that library ca nn ot be unloaded and loa ded at a new memory locatio n. This problem occurs when using the tas k builder d irective RESCOM to attach to the resident library. When the problem attempts to unload the resident library, RSTS will return error number 3, "?Account or device in use". SOLUTION: The .PLAS monito r directives mu st be used to a llow access to the res id ent library, a nd to allow the resid ent library to be unloaded and re-loaded at different memory locati o ns. T o accomplish this three .PL AS directives must be iss ued. · Attach to a Resid ent Library · Create and Map a Wind ow · Detach from the Resid ent Library The first two directi ves mu st be iss ued AFTE R the resident library is loaded at the correct address and BEFORE an attempt is made to exercise tha t memory. The third directi ve must be iss ued AFTER th e memo ry ha s been exercised a nd BEFORE a n a ttempt is made to unload the res id ent library. Attach to a Resid ent Libra ry - requires ( I) the library name, in Rad50; a nd , (2) the access mod e which will be read / write. This d irective returns ( I) a n interna l libra ry ID; a nd , (2) the size of the lib ra ry in 32-wo rd bl ocks. C reate a nd Ma p a Wind ow - requires ( I) the library ID (returned fro m the a ttach); (2) the APR to be used for the wind ow; (3) wind ow size in 32word bl ocks; (4) offset fr o m start of library (zero in th is case); (5) le ngth of wind ow in 32-word bl ocks; a nd , (6) accesss fl ag for the window which will a llow write access a nd ma p the wi nd ow. This directive return s ( I) th e wind ow ID; (2) starting virtua l address of the wind ow; (3) the ma pped length of the wind ow; (4) a nd a sta tus flag. Detach fro m a Resident Lib rary - requires the libra ry ID (returned fro m the attach). This directive returns a status flag. Al o ng with the a bove menti o ned . PLAS directives, the task build er must be "told" where the virtual address of th';: resident library will be so th e co mmon a rea, MEMDAT, ca n be located a t tha t address. Thi s address is depend ent o n the APR to be used in ma pping the resident library wind ow. There a re 8 APR's availa ble to ma p the progra m in memory, numbered 0-7. These APR's ma p memory in 4K-wo rd secti o ns. The RTS associa ted with the p rogra m will utilize the highest APR's, a nd the progra m will utilize the lowest A PR's. Thus, the reside nt library will need to be mapped with a n APR so mewhere in the middle. The best APR to use is the first o ne available below the RTS . With the RSX disa ppea ring RTS th is A PR wo uld be APR 7 with a virtua l address of 160000(8). With a 4K RTS such as RS X o r BP2COM this wo uld be APR67 with a virtua l address of 140000(8). Refer to the PDP-I I Processor Handbook for more informa tio n o n A PRs a nd the virtua l addresses of each. T o tell the tas k bu ilder where to locate the co mmo n a rea MEMD AT the fo llowi ng directive is used : VSECT = M EMDAT : 160000 With this directive, the task builder will place the PSECT M EM DAT at th e vi rtua l address of 160000(8). T his virtua l a ddress will be ma pped by APR 7 a nd hence the res idence lib ra ry. When using the .PLAS directives a nd the tas k build er VSECT d irective as o utlined a bove, th e memory exercise r progra m will wo rk co rrectly. Richa rd W. H ill. Soft wa re S pecia list Softw a re T echniques. Inc.. Los Ala mit os, CA 1a1D°~1!c11·il \oteii· ct Ct bo&ot.o'.~ Se \0.,.,..... o'ff/8 Your DEC computer has more impor- tant things to do than be a processor for your IBM com- munications. Save valuable computing capacity by han- dling this interconnect work- load with a COMBOARDTM. COMBOARD's low over- head means your DEC users still get quick response time at their terminals. Your CPU capacity is used for appli- cations software. <ti.A co·'l!!~aa:1~> Yet your thruput remains high. COMBOARD is a 16 bit CPU based single board computer which plugs straight into your DEC UNIBUS. Your COMBOARD and not the DEC host handles all the real time interrupts and protocol processing associated with data communications. COMBOARD models 631, 731and1231 support communications line speeds from 4,800 to 56K baud. They are the leaders in DEC/IBM and DEC/CDC Interconnects. For more details contact your sales representative at Software Results at 614 4212094 or mail the coupon today. SOFTWARE RESULTS ©@~~@~\JD@~ 1229 West Third Avenue Columbus, OH 43212-3090 COMBOARD'" Software Resul1s Corporatio n DEC. UNIBUS'" Digital Equ1pmen1Corporation CIRCLE 44 ON READER CARO Page 54 October 1982 RSTSPROFBSIONAUISTSPROFBSIONAL.RSTSPR~IONALRSTSPROF'ESSIONALRSTSPROFBSIONAL.RSTSPROFBSIONAL.RSTSPR~IONALRSTSPROF'ESSIONALRSTSPROFBSIONAL.RSTSPROFBSIONAL.RSTSPR~IONALRSTSP @ Overworked MDiaskksing )._ You Work Overtime? DSKBLD Restructures ~~ Them Fast! Fragmented disk structures cause excessive overhead, slowing system response. Rebuilding them with DSKBLD is 1ast and easy. DSKBLD · is an extremely fast RSTS/E* disk to disk utility. · optimizes disk structures automatically. · greatly reduces File Processor overhead. · is lightning fast. · makes disk rebuilding a snap. · dramatically improves pertormance of diskbound systems. Thank you for taking the time to publish my articles in the June edition of RSTS Professional (V.4, #3, pp. 51 and 76). Rather than constantly sending you enhancements and corrections to our 'JUMP' program, would it be possible for you to mention that any individual interested in the new release contact me personally. The program would be written in PIP FORMAT at 1600 BPI on a tape provided by the interested party. Thank you for your assistance in this matter. Patrick Holmay Director, Computation Laboratory, Collegeville, Minnesota I really appreciated your pre-symposium seminar here a few weeks ago. You said you were looking forward to some contributions from down-under, so I present this modest little goodie from my software tool kit. Use it with care! Ralph Zwier, Professional Software Victoria, Australia Thank you, Ra/phi [Readers see, PROTCTB2S, p.20 this issue.] Your correspondent SPIDL ("Dear RSTS Man" August 1982, V.4. #4, P.36) may find some help in a letter of mine you published in September 1981, (V.3, #3, p.36). If he connects a signal from the lineprinter, which is set when the lineprinter is on, through to pins 5 and 8 of the DH 11 then you can get the spooler to detect the lineprinter being turned off and spool ing will be inhibited until the machine is turned on next day. George May Software Sciences Limited Farnborough, Hampshire Thanx for the excellent magazine; it proves to be an indispensable resource. I have a suggestion for software vendors. Seeing as most of the ones we deal with either subscribe to and / or contribute to the magazine, I am presenting it here: We have purchased a number of software products advertized in the 'Pro', and implemented some of the monitor enhancements and utilities from the articles. As a result, we have encountered a problem that is more likely to occur as more non-DEC products are put into use: conflicting control-characters. I would like to suggest to those offering software which uses control characters, that provisions be made for users to select what character shou ld be used at installation time. This should result in quite a few additional benefits to both vendors and purchasers, along the lines of reduced maintenance, returned products, additional distribution, etc. I. cseh Alcan Canada Products Ltd. Kingston, Ontario Canada Good idea. Vendors! Only as I was building my hou se this summer did I find out what was TECO TESTED ... A sheet of 4 x %'' COX Plywood! What a stumper .. . Hope I'm not too late to win the booby prize or something. Jim Perkins, Sr. Analyst Underhill, Vermont Jim , the TECO rest ended in our last issue (A ugusr 1982, V. 4, #4). Howe ver, it's never too /are for Honorable Mention, and so for the record - you're right. · LETTERS to the RSTS Pro ... ... is your column! Send us your comments. suggestions. photos, or notes of interest to the RSTS community. We'd enjoy hearing from you. For more information. attach your business card to this ad and send to: MANUS Services Corporation 1700 Westlake Avenue North. Seattle, Washington 98109. (208) 285-3260. European Distributor: DCS Dialog Computer Systeme AG, Maienstrasse 39, CH-8050 Zurich, Switzerland Australian Distributors: Victoria: Scienlilic Business Software Systems. 133 Mccrae St.. Bendigo. 3550, (054) 42-4322 W.A. : On-Line Computing, 14-16 Rowland St.. Subiaco. 6008.( 381 -3000) ·· N .S.W.: Nicholson & Partners. 27 Lindtield Avenue. Lindtield, 2070,(02) 467-2000 I11d: 1(11 hj SERVICES CORPORATION "RSTS/ E Is a registered trademark ot Digital Equipment Corporation. CIRCLE 160 ON REAOER CARD £18.82 October 1982 Page 55 RS1'SPllOf6.SIONAUISTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONAIASTSP~ONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSP~ONALRSTSPROFESSIONAIASTSPROFESSIONALRST'SPRO FESSIONAIASTSP In the last issue of RSTS Professional. I presented the first part of the SIMINI user guide - the index. introduction and specification. In this issue I present the second part - how to use SIMINI. Following on from the user guide. as such. is included a few example programs as demonstrated within the complementary simulation MINSIM. The next issue will contain Part 3. the source listings of SIMINI and MINSIM. If you would like a complete copy of the SIMINI user guide. please send a self addressed sticky label and £3.75. or $7.50US, to cover photocopying and postage to me: John Cato. R.T.Z. Computer Services Ltd.. P.O. Box 19. 1. Redcliff Street. Bristol BS99 7JS. England. Any thoughts or comments on SIMINI will also be welcomed. 1. Introduction (See last issue. August 1982, V.4. #4, p.71) 2. Specification of SIMINI (See last issue. August 1982, V.4. # 4, p. 71) 3. How to use SIMINI i. LOG INTO THE HOST COMPUTER ii. Type " RUN SIMINI" iii. At " PRINT SPEED FACTOR" enter a decimal no. The number input will slow down the printing of the registers during program execution. the higher the number. the slower the registers will be printed. iv. At "?" prompt you are now in communication with SIMINI. You may issue an Operating System command (2.2) or input a program instruction to be assembled (2.3.2 and Appendix B. 1/2/3 ). If you receive an Operating System or Assembler message not familiar or self explanatory then refer to Appendix A. v. Example. Response Ready PRINT SPEED FACTOR? O/S MODE ? ? ? ? ? ? ? RUN MODE ? ? 9 ? 0 O/S MODE ? Action Run SIMINI 1200 000 RACC 001 STO 010 002 RACC 003 ADD 010 004 PACC 005 JANZ 000 RUN 4 5 4 -4 Page 56 October 1982 RSl'SPROFESSIONALR5TSPROFESSIONALR5TSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFES.SIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALR5TSPROFESSIONALR5TSPROfESSJONALRSTSPROFES.SIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALR5TSPROFOSSIONALR5TSPROfESSIONALRSTSP DEC SYSTEMS & COMPONENTS C.D. SMITH & ASSOCIATES, INC. 12605 E. Freeway, Suite 318 Houston, TX 77015 (713) 578-8464 CIRCLE 54 ON READER CARD APPENDIX A OPERATING SYSTEM O/S Mode INVALID RUN COMMAND INVALID SAVE COMMAND INVALID UNSAVE COMMAND xxxxxx IS NOT A VALID COMMAND XX."<XXX SIM SUCCESSFULLY SAVED xxxxxx SIM SUCCESSFULLY LOADED xxxxxx SIM SUCCESSFULLY APPPENDED CAN'T FIND FILE OR ACCOUNT NO FILE SPECIFIED XXXXXX.SIM - Catalogue I/O TO DETACHED KEYBOARD ILLEGAL NUMBER NNNN IS NOT AN OCTAL NUMBER Run Mode* STACK EMPTY CAN'T RETURN FROM SUBROUTINE INVALID INSTRUCTION CODE ATTEMPT TO DIVIDE BY ZERO RUN TERMINATED * All these errors will cause a return to Executive mode. SYNTAX ERROR 1. Invalid/not octal store address 2 .. No space after store address 3. Literal incorrect length 4. No closing quotes 5. Invalid mnemonic 6. No space after a mnemonic in a M.R.I . 7. Invalid, not octal, or not a digit address 8. Char following address not "X" or "!" 9. 2nd Char following Address not "!" 10. Command too long 11. f=J= NNNNNN incorrect no of octal digits APPE:'IDIX Bl Memory Referencing Instructions 02 Code 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 20 21 22 22 24 25 26 27 30 31 32 33 34 35 Mnemonic LDA STO ADD SUB MUL DIV AND OR XOR JMP JANZ JALZ INCH JSR CAHE LDX STOX LDPC STPC JAP JAZ JXNZ JXLZ JXP JXZ JOV JNOV JSI CXHE Description A M M A A A+M V,C A A M V,C A Ax M v,c A AM R,V,C A A AND M A A OR M A A XOR M PC= M PC= M if A not zero PC= M if A less zero M = M+l PC = PC + 1 if H = zero s =PC PC= M PC= PC + 1 x =M M =x if A = M PC= M M =PC PC= M if A> zero PC= M if A = zero PC= M i f ".::. not zero PC= M if x less zero PC= M if x > zero PC= M if x zero PC= M if 0V set PC= M if ov clear IR= M and re-execute PC= PC + 1 if x = M October 1982 Page 57 RSTSPROF'ESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROf'ESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROF'ESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROfl:SSIONALRSTSPROF'ESSIONALRSTSPROF'ESSIONALRSTSPROF'ESSIONALRSTSP APPENDIX 82 Register Instructio~s Op Code Mnemonic 00 STOP 01 CLA 02 INC 03 DEC 04 ADDS 05 SUBS 06 SWAB 07 HOP 10 HOPE 11 HOPN 12 HOPL 13 HOPG 14 NOT 15 NEG 16 INCX 17 DECX 20 SWAX 21 SWAR 22 ASL 23 ASR 24 ROR 25 ROL 26 CLV 27 SEV 30 HOPV 31 CLC 32 SEC 33 HOPC 34 CCV 35 SCV 36 SWAP 37 PUSH 40 POP 41 RTS 42 MULS 43 DIVS 44 PACC 45 RACC 46 PSTR 47 RSTR 50 NLIN Desc rip tion Return control to operating system A= 0 A. A + 1 A= A - S(+l) = S(+l) + S 'l ,C S(+l) = S( +l ) - S v,c Swap bytes on A PC:PC+l PC =PC + if A = 0 PC =PC + PC =PC + PC =PC + if A ,, 0 i! A < 0 i! A > 0 A= ii A= -A x= x + x= x - X= A A=X R= A A=R Arithmetic shift left 1 bit v Arithmetic shift right 1 bit v,c Rotate right 1 bit v Rotate left l bit v v= 0 v= 1 PC=PC+lifV c =0 c =1 PC= PC + 1 if C · 1 C, V=O C,V=l SP= A A =SP S = A SP · SP -1 A = S SP · SP + 1 PC= S SP = SP + 1 S ( +1 ) = S ( + 1 )xS SP = .~p + v,c S(+l) = S(+l)+S : s<>= so + !l,V,C Print accumulator Receive integer in accumulator Print string Receive 2 byte string Move cursor to next line and clear APPENDIX B3 Library Subroutine Calls Assembler Mnemonic PACC Print the accumulator as a decimal integer , preceeded by o ne space or - sign and followed by a space. RACC Prompt the user with a ? and read a signed decimal integer from the keyboard, terminated by a C/R. PSTR Takes the words following the instruction as data character string terminated by a & character. Prints the string of characters and hand the controls back to the word after the location containing &. RSTR Prompt the user with a ? and read 2 bytes terminated by a c~ fro~ the keyboard and place in the accumulator. NLIN Causes the cursor to be moved to the next line, left band side and that line to be cleared. APPENDIX B4 Operating System Commands RUN NNN Begin program execution at address NNN (default O) DUM NNN-NNN nn Dump specified memory on KI3NN. Default all to user KB. SAV xxxxxx Save program xxxxxx OLD xxxxxx Load program xxxxxx APP xxxxxx Append program xxxxxx UNS xxxxxx Unsave program xxxxxx M Contents of address s Stack (SP) V Overflow PC Program counter C Carry ,\ Accumulator x Index Register R Remainder Register , CAT BYE NNN xxxxxxxx Catalogue saved programs Return control to host machine Load memory with instruction or data RUNT NNN As RUN bu t with trace option. (HINSIH only). Note: All NNN address locations are specified in octal. Word Processing* VAX/VMS, RSTS/E, RSX-11M *Word-11 by Data Processing Design , Inc. 181 W. Orangethorp Avenue Placentia, CA 92670 On Track Systems Provides: Sales } · Service At your · Installation convenience! · Demonstrations · Training ·· Consulting At your office! On Track Systems, Inc. P.O. Box 2411 Ambler, PA 19002·02415 (2115) 1542·7133 CIRCLE 13 ON READER CARD Page 58 October 1982 RSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSP APPE:IDIX C REFERENCES 1. A. U,C .B . E. Hertfordshire Beginners Mini Computer April 1977 - Bill Tagg 2 . MACR0-11 Programming Manual 3. PLAN P~ogramming Manual 4. Intel-8080 Microprocessor Handbook 5. Electronic Data Processing - Emery 6. Z80 CPU Architecture and instruction set RUN MINSIM 0/S MODE Would ~cu like a command sumrnar':l'CY or N>? N 7 OLD MEANl HEANl.SIM SUCCESSFULLY LOADED. 7 DUM PROGRAM MEANl.SIH ADDRESS OCTAL CONTENTS DECIMAL CHAR I'< I NARY 000 2303 001 3 002 24704 003 2 004 13 0000100011111111 0000000000000011 0110000010000000 0000000000000010 0000000000001101 005 4350 0001000011111110 006 l 007 16 0000000000000001 0000000000010000 010 3328 0000110100000000 Oil 26878 0110100011111110 01:? 20544 ' F'@' 0101000001000000 013 12~43 'O 0011000011111111 014 28864 0111000011000000 100 14 0000000000001110 101 7424 0001110100000000 102 20489 'P 0101000000001001 200 38 & , 0000000000100110 201 20047 ' NO ' 0l0011100l001111 202 8265 I, 0010000001001001 .::?03 21573 ' TE ' 0101010001000101 204 19795 ' HS' 0100110101010011 20'5 8265 I , 0010000001001001 206 20000 ' N 0100111000100000 207 195:?9 ' LI ' 0100110001001001 210 :11332 ' ST ' 0101001101010100 211 11814 ' . &, 0010111000100110 :?12 20493 'P 0101000000001101 300 38 & ' 0000000000100110 301 21576 , TH' 0101010001001000 302 17696 ' E 0100010100100000 303 19781 ' HE ' 0100110101000101 304 !6718 ' AN ' 0100000101001110 305 8265 I ' 0010000001001001 306 307 21:?86 36 ', , S& , 0101001100100110 0000000000100100 310 38 & ' 0000000000100110 31! 16718 'AN' 0100000101001110 312 17446 , D&' 0100010000100110 313 17 0000000000010001 314 36 $' 0000000000100100 315 38 & ' 0000000000100110 316 12070 'I &, 0010111100100110 317 2303 0000100011111111 320 36 321 33 ' ' 0000000000100100 ! ' 0000000000100001 STACK POINTER 51~ ., !'<YE Control is being Passed from SIMINI to RSTS / E You ma':I' now issue an':I' RSTS com mand ASSEMBLER LDA 377 DEC JALZ 200 INC NEG STD 376 CLA SWAX LDA 400X INCH 376 JMP 100 DIV 377 JSR 300 INCX ADD 400X JMF' 011 F'STR XOR 1!7XI SUE< 111 JMF' !05X XOR 523X SUE< 111 XOR 040XI XOR 11 IX JMF' 5'.24 I MUL 046XI JMF' 015 F·STR JMP !!OX OR 440X XOR 505X OR 516 SUE< 111 JMF' 446I F'ACC F'STR OR 516 OR 046X SWAR F'ACC F'STR MUL 446XI UIA 377 F'ACC RTS Read':I' .a..:. Send your articles of interest to the RSTS community to the RSTS Professional on mag tape in either RNO. 0:z: PIP or WORD-11 format. Eighty percent of this issue ~ was transmitted via - tele-communications - from i author's mag tapes to phototypesetting equipment and was not retyped. RUN MINSIM O/S MODE Would '!:IOU like a command summar~CY or N>? N ., OLD SQf;;T I SORT!.SIM SUCCESSFULLY LOADED · ., DUM PROGRAM SORTl.SIM ADDRESS CONTENTS OCTAL I1ECIMAL CHAR BINARY 000 28736 @' 0111000001000000 001 2302 0000100011111110 002 2 0000000000000010 003 43!50 0001000011111110 004 4349 0001000011111101 005 I 0000000000000001 006 4348 0001000011111100 007 16 0000000000010000 010 3328 0000110100000000 011 9473 '7' 0010010100000001 012 10 0000000000001010 013 28800 0111000010000000 014 14 0000000000001110 015 26877 0110100011111101 016 20488 'P 0101000000001000 017 l 0000000000000001 020 30972 0111100011111100 021 20481 'P 0101000000000001 0:12 28864 0111000011000000 100 2303 0000100011111111 101 13 0000000000001101 102 4350 0001000011111110 103 33 I' 0000000000100001 200 3328 0000110100000000 201 434 7 0001000011111011 202 3329 0000110100000001 203 5376 0001010100000000 204 ~:?99 0000100011111011 ~05 5377 0001010100000001 206 2302 0000100011111110 207 2 0000000000000010 210 4348 0001000011111100 211 33 ! ' 0000000000100001 300 1 0000000000000001 301 16 0000000000010000 302 28736 @' 0111000001000000 303 3328 0000110100000000 304 36 $' 0000000000100100 305 14 0000000000001110 306 26878 0110100011111110 307 20675 'P 0101000011000011 310 33 I' 0000000000100001 STACK F'OINTER 512 ? BYE Control is be1ns Passed from S!HINI to RSTS/E You ma~ now issue anw RSTS command ASSEMBLER JSR 100 LDA 376 INC STD 376 STD 375 CLA STD 374 SWAX LDA 400X SUB 401X HOPL JSR 200 INCX INCH 375 JMP 010 CLA CAHE 374 JMP 001 JSR 300 L[IA 377 NEG STD 376 RTS L!JA 400X STD 373 L[IA 401X STD 400X U1A 373 STD 401X LDA 376 INC STD 374 RTS CLA SWAX JSR 100 LDA 400 X PACC INCX INCH 376 JMP 303 RTS Read~ RUN MINSIM O/ S MO[IE Would ~OY like a command SYmmar~ CY or N>? N ? OLD MEANl MEANl.S!M SUCCESSFULLY LOADED. ., APF· SRH1AT SRTDAT.SIM SUCCESSFULLY APPENDED. ., DUM 377-777 PROGRAM MEAN!.SIM AIIDRESS CONTENTS OCTAL 377 400 401 402 403 404 405 406 407 410 STACK POINTER ., RUN DECIMAL 9 9 3 4 l 2 6 5 2 3 512 CHAR BINARY 0000000000001001 0000000000001001 0000000000000011 0000000000000100 0000000000000001 0000000000000010 0000000000000110 0000000000000101 0000000000000010 0000000000000011 THE MEAN IS 3 AND 8 I 9 O/S MODE ., OLD SORT! SORTl.SIM SUCCESSFULLY LOADED, ., APF' SRTDAT SRTDAT.SIM SUCCESSFULLY APPENDED. ' RUN I 2233 ., BYE 5 6 9 O/S MODE Control is b eins ~assed from SIMINI to RSTS/E You ma~ now iss ue anw RSTS com mand ASSEMBLER HOF'N HOF'N DEC AI1[1S CLA INC SioJAI'< SUl'<S INC DEC RU N ~INSHI O/ S MOD E ""01Jltj ':llO·J lii.-e a co11mar. d ·wnn1ar':ll CY or N J "' N 'II OLD NFACT NF ACT .S IM SUCCESSFULLY LOADE!1, 7 OUM PRQGF.:AM NF ACT .SI/1 October 1982 RSTSPROFESSJONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFES.510NALRSTS PROFESSJONALRSTS PP A[IDRESS OCTAL 000 001 002 003 004 005 006 007 011 01:! 013 01' 015 016 017 O:::!O O:!l 02:? 0:!7 STACK POINTER ? RUNT ? 3 CONTENTS DECIMAL 37 4 120 28681 38 :!0001 8 :::!53 8:! 3 0 36 30743 20492 :?0 4 98 8215 1· 5144 :::!868 1 1S 11 :::!88 33 1 51:::! INSTRUCTION ACC MAR CHAR %' I' ..' N! · I' ·p ·p BINARY 0000000000100101 0001000000011000 0111000000001001 0000000000100110 010011 1000100001 0010000000111101 0010000000100110 0000000000 1 00100 0111100000010111 0101000000001100 0 101000000010010 0010000000010111 0000000000001110 0001010000011000 0111000000001001 000000000000 1111 00101 10000011000 0000000000100001 0000000000000001 ASSEHBLEI': R A CC STO 030 JSR 011 PST!\: XOR 041XI SUB 075 SUB 046 F'ACC CAM E 0:!7 J /'1f' 01"' J Mf' 0:?2 SU B 0:::!7 INCX STO OJOX JSR 011 OECX l'tUL OJ OX RTS CLA MDR C <MAR) SP C<SP> v c 000 RACC 001 STD 030 00 ::? JSR 011 011 CAME 0::?7 012 JMP 014 014 SUB 027 015 INCX 016 STD 0 3 0X 017 JSR 011 0 1 1 CA HE 027 01::? JMP 014 014 SUB 027 015 INCX 016 STD 0 30X 017 JSR 011 011 CAME 0::?7 013 .J MP 022 0::?2 RTS 020 DE CX 021 MUL 030X 000003 000 000045 00004 5 000000 001 000000 1000 000000 000000 0 0 000003 0 3 0 000003 000003 00004 6 00:! 000000 1000 000000 000000 0 0 000003 777 000003 000003 000046 011 000000 0777 000003 000000 0 0 000003 027 000001 000001 010030 01:! 000000 0777 000003 000000 0 0 000003 012 050014 050014 000000 014 000000 0777 000003 000000 0 0 000002 0::?7 177777 000001 010030 015 000000 0777 000003 000000 0 0 00000::? 015 0000 16 000016 012030 016 000001 0777 000003 000000 0 0 000002 031 00000::! 000002 070011 017 000001 0777 000003 000000 0 0 00000::! 776 000020 000020 00001; 011 000001 0776 000020 000000 0 0 000002 0::!7 000001 000001 010030 012 000001 0776 000020 000000 0 0 000002 012 050014 050014 000000 014 000001 0776 000020 000000 0 0 000001 0 :! 7 177777 000001 0100 3 0 01~ 000001 0776 000020 000000 0 0 000001 01~ 000016 0000 1 6 0 1 20~0 016 000002 0776 000020 000000 0 0 000001 OJ:? 000001 000001 010030 017 000002 0776 0000:!0 000000 0 0 000001 775 000020 000020 000017 011 000002 0775 0000::?0 000000 0 0 000001 027 000001 000001 01003 0 013 000002 0775 000020 000000 0 0 000001 013 0 5 0022 050022 000000 022 000002 0775 000020 000000 0 0 00000 1 775 000020 000020 000017 020 000002 0776 000020 000000 0 0 000001 020 000017 000017 070011 021 000001 0776 000020 000000 0 0 00000:? 031 000002 00000:? 070011 022 00000 1 0776 000020 000000 0 0 INSTRUCTION ACC MAR MDR C <MAR) PC SP C <SP> v c 022 RTS 000002 776 000020 000020 000017 020 OOCOOl 0777 000003 000000 0 0 020 DECX O:H MUL OJOX 00000::? 020 000017 000017 070011 021 000000 0777 000003 000000 0 0 000006 030 000003 000003 00004 6 022 000000 0777 000003 000000 0 0 022 RTS N ! · 003 PSTR 6 007 PACC 000006 777 000003 000003 000046 003 000000 1000 000000 000000 0 0 000006 003 00004 6 00004 6 000000 007 000000 1000 000000 000000 0 0 000006 007 000044 000044 000000 010 000000 1000 000000 000000 0 0 0 / 5 MODE 7 frYE Control is be1n!I Passwd from SIMIN! t.o RSTS / E Yo·J ·· ·~ no w issue ar1\t RSTS co1111Triar11:I Having completed the SIMINI user guide as a complete document. I will now give some simple examples. as used within the complimentary simulation MINSIM. to illustrate further what may be done. Firstly, the program MEAN 1.SIM which takes a list of n values and calculates the mean. The number of values. n. is contained in location =400. For ease of use I have stored the list as a separate file named SRTDAT.SIM on backing store - note .there is no effective difference between data and programs in this context. The data is subsequently appended to the program prior to execution. In the educational sphere. tutors may use this technique to allow students' programming exercises to be proved out on the tutors' own definitive set of test data. The second example is SORT1 .SIM which is a simple bubble sort routine. It operates on data to the same conventions as MEAN 1. Listings are included of both these programs followed by an example run of them. The third example is NFACT.SIM which calculates N factorial. Points of interest in this example are the use of the stack in subroutine calling, which incidentally is recursive in this case. and the use of the Trace option on running. Further examination of these programs will, I hope. lead to the subsequent development of your own ideas (e.g., what to do if the sum of the list supplied to MEAN 1 is greater than 32767?) and new programming exercises such as the use of linked lists. tree searching, boolean logic testers ... etc. I wish you many hours of interest and fun. · CIRCLE 72 ON READER CAR D DEC VT100-VT52 TERMINAL EMULATION FOR THE IBM PC The finest personal computer now emulates the finest computer terminal! The VTIOO-VT52 is a fully-featured ANSI compatible terminal. Whether you are timesharing to a DEC host or simply need a superb ASCII terminal emulator for your PC, Saturn's VTIOO-VT52 emulator is for you. · 15 commun ication speeds to 9600 baud ·User-friendly set-up mode ·Selectable XON-XOFF protocol ·Bl ink, bright, reverse-video and underl ine attributes ·Split screen , bidirectional scroll ing ·Direct connect or by modem · Fu ll VT100 keyboard emulation ·Pri nt screen , copy to printer and print throu gh mode ·Full screen reve rsevideo ·Written in assembler for maximumefficiency And many other features that makethis thefinest and most easily used terminal em ulator available . SATURN CONSULTING GROUP, INC. 147 WEST 26TH STREET NEW YORK, NY 10001 CALL: (212) 675-7753 CIRCLE 154 ON READER CARD Page60 FURTHER FEEDBACK By Paul O'Nolan, Petroconsultants. Ltd ., Dublin, Ireland October 1982 In the June issue of RSTS I discussed a proposed startup command file that provided a superset of EDT commands. In this article I'd like to expand on that just a little, correct a few minor errors. and look at using and teaching EDT the VAX environment. First, corrections: 1. The TD (tab decrement) in the insert ruler command: GOLD _ is redundant and should be deleted. 2. The final line of the macro APP (for copying to the end of the PASTE buffer) should end with a full stop - returns one to the right place in the MAIN buffer. A fifth line: INSERT= APP SO; may be added if the direction set will always be forward when the command is used - returns to the line the command was issued on. 3. One inconsistency: CTRL/F is a preassigned function , (though I never use it); I suggest changing the key definition assignment to CTRL/G, - go forward 20 lines! Finally, the last line of the first page (P 68) should not have been justified! INDENTING CTRL/V, as seen, copies a word from the line above and is useful for indenting. Ideally one should not use tabs, alternatively the default word delimiters should be redefined excluding the tab character. In some circumstances one's indented margins differ regularly by a given number of spaces, or a multiple thereof. For example. consider the following PL/I ·code': <- spaces - >DO WHILE (condition); IF (condition) THEN; statement; ELSE CALL procedure; IF (condition) THEN END; DO ; CALL procedure; CALL procedure; IF (condition) THEN statement; ELSE DO· statement; statement; END; END; Indented using : [G)"V [G)"V [G)"B ·v [G)·v [G)"V ·v ·v ·v [G)"V [G)"V ·v [G)"B index finger! II II [G) : GOLD key , · = CTRL CTRL/V defined as before. GCLD CTRL/V = CTRL/V & insert 3 spaces. GCLD CTRL/B : CTRL/V & delete ( rubout) 3 spaces . The new key definitions are: DEF K GOLD CONT VAS " (ADV - V DW UNDW V UNDW I ·z)." DEF K GCLD CONT BAS " ( ADV - V DW UNDW V UNDW - 3C) ." Of course. the DO WHILE above could be indented by any number of spaces. and be part of a larger block of indented code. Furthermore. the final and penultimate END; statements could best be entered immediately after the appropriate DO; . using CTRL/V to indent. and subsequently opening a line to continue. ENTRY OF A PL/I PROGRAM STUB On the subject of PL/I. here's a command that I use quite often especially when starting a new program and working top down. enter a procedure name. then type GOLD CTRL/D and get a ready made stub, eg: DEMONSTRATION: PROCEDURE ; END DEMONSTRATION; :: cursor The key definition is: DEF K GCLD CONT D AS "ADV -W CJ,; UNDW EL I: PROCEDURE; <CR> <CR>END·z UNDW EL I ; ·z BACK EL ADV ." Since the GOLD CTRL key sequences cannot be used in autorepeat mode they are well suited to this type of occasional use. UNDERLINING On Diablo printers the < ESC> E & < ESC> R key se- quences switch the auto underline facility on & off respectively. GOLD CTRL/U defined below will insert the escape sequences at the beginning and end of a line. DEF K GCLD CONT U AS " ( +C BL I<ESC>E EL I<ESC>R BL V) ." Alternatively, macros may be used to toggle the definition of GOLD CTRL/U between inserting < ESC> E and < ESC > R. allowing the underlining of individual words and groups of words as required. DEFINE MACRO UON INSERT: UON 10 ; INSERT <ESC>E·z INSERT=UON 20 ; DEF K GOLD CONT U AS "EXT UOFF." DEFINE MACRO UOFF; INSERT:UOFF 10; INSERT <ESC>R·z INSERT: UOFF 20 ; DEF K GOLD U AS "EXT UON. " Defini ti on: DEF K GOLD CONT U AS " EXT UON." Next a couple of items on David Spencer's wish list (RSTS April). First a 'view all' mode, to distinguish between spaces and tabs. 'VIEW ALL' MODE The following macro does the job: DEFINE MACRO TAB I NSERT: TAB lO ; CLEAR TABSHOW INSERT:TAB 20 ; COPY SELECT TO: TABSHOW INSERT:TAB 30 ;FINQ: TABSHOW INSERT=TAB 40;SUBSTITUTE/ !<tab> and it may be activated using GOLD CTRL/T via the following definition: DEF GCLD CONT T AS " EXT TAB. " The macro copies a selected range to a buffer and substitutes the character string .. <tab> .. for each tab, and the buffer is displayed. The command may be used for inspection only, or the tabs may be edited out and the original select range replaced using the GOLD R command. as follows: 1. type GOLD M - return to the main buffer 2. reselect text range 3. type GOLD R. then enter the buffer name: TABSHOW October 1982 Page 61 RSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSION ALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESS/ONALRSTSP Of course. it's only a pseudo 'view all' mode. but that's better than none. ON THE VAX: (Some DCL procedures) Next, a way of remembering the last file edited. This is a command procedure for the VAX. To edit a file using this procedure (EDT.COM below) type: $ ED [filename) where filename is optional & defaults to the last file edited if not specified . The procedure uses a temporary file EDIT.TMP to store the name of the last file edited. This file. the command file. and the EDTlNl.EDT startup file may all be kept in a subdirectory and used throughout the account - provided adequate file specification is used in LOGIN.COM. and EDT.COM. EDT.COM $ ! DCL Procedure to automatically ' r emember' last file edited $! $ ON ERROR THEN CONTI NUE $ SET MESSAGE/ NOSEVER I TY / NOFAC I LI TY/ NOIDE NTIFICATION/ NOTEXT $ IF Pl .NES. "" THEN GOTO NEWF ILE $ OPEN/READ LAST EDIT. TMP ! Get last file edited $ READ LAST EDITFILE $ CLOSE LAST $ GOTO OLDFILE $NEWF I LE: $ EDITFILE : = ' Pl' $ DELETE/NOLOG EDIT . TMP ; * $ OPEN/ WRITE LAST EDIT. TMP $ WRITE LAST EDITFILE ! Save file name $ CLOSE LAST $0LDFI LE : $ CLEAR ! Clears screen, see below $ TYPE EDIT . TMP $ SET PROTECTION = (S : RWED ,G:RWED , O:RWED ,W :RWED) ' EDITFILE ' $ ASSIGN/USER SYS$COMMAND SYS$I NPUT $ EDIT/EDT/COMMAN D: [PAULUS . SUB]EDTINI.EDT ' EDITFILE ' $ SET PROTECTION = (S": RWE,G: RWE,O : RWE ,W :RWE) ' EDITFILE ' $ SET MESSAGE/TEXT The following command synonyms are useful to have defined in one's LOGIN file: $ ED :== @EDT $ DBK :== DELETE EDTFIL.BAK; * $ TYE : == TYPE EDIT. TMP ! What was the last file I edited ? $ CL*EAN : == @CLEAN ! See below $ KILL : == @KILL ! " " The following are useful definitions to have in the system symbol table: USER.COM $ PRl :== SET PROTECTION = (S : RWED , O:RWE,G : RWE,W : RWE) ! Delete protect $ PRO :== SET PROTECTION = ( S :~WED, O :RWED,G : RWED , W:RWED) ! Unprotect $ CLS[0 , 7] == Zl ! <ESC> $ CLS[8 , 7] == 72 ! fl $ CLS[l6,7] == 27 ! <ESC> $ CLS[24 ,7] == 74 ! J $ CLEAR : == WRITE SYS$0UTPUT CLS ! Clears screen Another handy little procedure is: CLEAN.COM. for t idying up files. Used as follows; e.g.: $ CLEAN TEST .FOR CLEAN .COM $ IF Pl .EQS . "" TI-!EN Pl ::: "* ·*" $ PRO ' Pl '; * $ PURGE ' Pl' $ RENAME/LOJ 'P l I ; · 'Pl I; l $ I F P2 . NES. " / NP" Tii EN PR1 ' Pl ' ;l ! See de finit i ons of PRO & PRl above ! Enable deletion? This procedure deprotects. purges, renames and then pro- tects. Deprotection is required to avoid renaming resulting in ancestral files with higher version numbers than the most recent version. The /NP switch of the CLEAN command is Dreaming of Electronic Mail Product Name: Dreams Version 5.0 Since its fi rst sa le in 1979 Dreams has grown in ca pabil ity and user acceptance. It is now in use on over 40 RSTS/E systems around th e country. Special Features: · DECnet compatibi lity- message transmi ss ion to d istant nodes. Includes message queuing to unava i lable nodes. · Invo ke your favorite style of editing (EDT, DECwo rd , WORD- 11 , TECO , etc.) with a smooth transiti on to and fro m the editor. · Flex ible method for accessing and maintaining mu ltip le mail files. · Subjects for mail files as we ll as individual messages . · Retract unread messages. · Recover your last deleted message . · Specify times as w ell as dates in relati ve or absolute form to contro l message appearance or expirati on or to narrow selecti on criteri a. · Full co mpati bility w ith Batch. Thi s opens up a w orld of poss ibi lities fo r keepin g abreast of unattended operati ons and for implementati on of a repetiti ve reminder system based on day of the week or other longer intervals. · System manager may assign defaults for accounts, projects, and th e entire system including the assignment of certain pri vileges. The Dreams package co nsists of over 40,000 lines of source code in mo re than 70 mod ules plus signifi ca nt documentati on both as documents and as on -line help . CSPCOM or BASIC-Plus-2 build s these sources into on ly 5 Dreams tasks: TELL, MAIL, WHO, SMASH , and MAN AGE (plus POSTMN for the DECnet version). Computers with sufficient memory may use th e customi zed resident library and resident run-time system. A VAX version w ill be ava ilabl e later. Typical Electronic Mail Features are also included in Dreams: · Send to names, ni ckn ames, or groups. · Scan, repl y, forward, or store for later appearance. · New, old, pri ority, or suppressed messages fo r each mail fil e. · Automati c ro uting of messages. · M any other co nvenient fea tures . Ordering information: Ava ilabl e on 9 track 800 or 1600 BPI tape. Mu ltipl e CPU discount schedule: First Li cense D rea m s/ 5 DECnet modules Second and Third Li ce nse Fourth and Fifth Li cense Sixth and up Educati onal Institutions $3 000.00 $3 000 .00 40% Di scount 50% Di scount 70% Di scount Additional 50% off the total M aintenance and new releases: Annual fee of 12% of current li st pri ce after the first yea r. For more information contact: Tom Burtnett DCXX Software Services Dickinson College Computer Center Carlisle, PA 17013 717-245-1513 RSTS/E, VAX, DECnet, and DECword are trade ma rks of Digital Equipment Corporation. WORD-1 1 is a tradema rk of Data Processing Design, Inc. CIRCLE 130 ON READER CARD SOFTWARE PROFESSIONALS TANO CORPORATION is committed to bringing creativity and ingenuity to its productgs which include the industry's most sophisticated marine and industrial supervisory control and data acquisition systems. Our continued expansion offers new opportunities to Software Professionals. OPERATIONS ADMINISTRATOR - Re- sponsible for overall operations of department and effective interface with users. Candidates must possess computer-related degree, VAXJVMS or RSTS/E operating systems proficiency and management experience. DESIGN PROGRAMMERS - Prepare system design and software specifications for new systems. Candidate must possess computer-related degree, minimum one year experience with RSTS/E or VAX/VMS operating systems and BASIC + and/or BASIC + II or VMS. VAX Basic. TANO CORPORATION offers an excellent compensation and benefit package including 100 % company paid medical insurance, incentive plan and pension trust. Please submit confidential resume to: Personnel Recruitment Department --~ TANO CORPORATIOllN_ __ 4301 Poche Court West New Orleans, LA 70129 No Agencies Please Equal Opportunity Employer M/F/H CIRCLE 156 ON READER CARD DEC RSTS/E USERS From one of the pioneers in commercial data processing using RSTS . Off the shelf software ready for immediate delivery. Completely interactive. Extensively documented. Fully supported. Ideal for OEM's, service bureaus or end users. Cost effective solutions including: · ACCOUNTS PAYABLE · GENERAL LEDGER · FINANCIAL REPORTING · ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE · PAYROLL · FIXED ASSETS For complete details, contact us at: '11yC()ffi services, inc. P.O. Box 160 Plymouth, IN 46563 (219) 935-5121 CIRCLE 42 ON READER CARD October 1982 AUISl'SPROfESSIONAUISl'SPROF'ESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONAUISl'SPROfESSIONAUISl'SPROFESSIONAUISl'SP useful when working in other less privileged accounts. Note: using EDT.COM above, the latest version is automatically protected against deletion. KILL.COM KILL.COM $ IF P1 .EQS. "*. * ;*" THEN GOTO REFUSE ! Prevents a nasty accident $ PRO ' Pl ' $ DELETE/Lex; ' P1 ' : ~~~~SE : ! Will also exit on privelege violation $ WRITE SYS$0UTPUT " $ ~DCL-W-TUTTUT, Don 't be silly" The above procedure is useful for deleting all files of any generic specification (with the exception of · . · ; · , which is not allowed). whether or not they are protected; test programs, etc. Should be used with care, and preferably only after a DELETE command has failed. TEACHING EDT If your system can take the load, the increased produc- tivity of programmers using EDT should be advantageous. Certainly, once learned it will not willingly be forsaken for anything less. DEC's EDTCAI package has some disadvantages: It requires a VT100 and a lot of patience. There is little or no disadvantage in learning EDT on a 'foreign' ter- minal, as it's easy to find one's way around a DEC keyboard, especially with the help of an accurate keypad diagram! A yellow and a green sticker on the GOLD and HELP keys respectively is helpful. The following command procedure, again for the VAX, provides a simple alternative. In this installation it's the LOGIN command file of an account called EDTHELP. This facility and 'the monkey see monkey do school of editing' has now converted most editor using colleagues to EDT. This procedure uses a number of files of filename type = EDTn.LRN. where n the number of the lesson. The EDTINl.EDT file in this account merely sets screen mode. EDTLRN.COM EDTLRN .COM $ ! DCL Corrrnand procedure to instruct in the rudiments of EDT. Get started ! $! $END ::: 10 ! Nt.111ber of lessons available $CLEAR $COPY /NOLOJ SYS$INPUT SYS$0UTPUT INTRODUCTION TO EDT: Required: A Lear Siegler ADM 31 terminal and a map of the keypad . This command file will present a number of introduc- tory sessions with EDT. Most consist of a little over one screen in content. and you may exit when you feel that you've had enough. $ INQUIRE COUNT "Coomence with lesson number " $ IF COUNT .GE. 1 .AND. COUNT .LE. END THEN GOJO LOOP $ WRITE SYS$0UTPUT " " $ WRITE SYS$0UTPUT " Defaulting to lesson number 1" $ COUNT = 1 $LOOP: $ ASSIGN/USER MODE SYS$COMMAND SYS$INPUT $ EDIT/EDT/REAOONLY EDT ' COUNT' ·LRN; 1 $ IF COUNT .EQ . END THEN GOTO FINISH $ CLEAR $ INQUIRE ENOUGH " Next lesson [Y/N) " $ IF ENOUGH ·NES . " Y" THEN GOTO FINISH $ COUNT = COUNT + 1 $ GOTO LOOP $FINISH: $ L(x;QUT The following are the first 3 EDT° .LRN files. for illustration: EDT1.LRN October 1982 RSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROF'ESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSl'SPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSl'SPR' INTRODUCTION EDT is a full screen keypad editor. Function keys are the numeric keypad keys. Text is entered by typing using the keyboard. There are 2 ways of leaving EDT. First type CTRL/Z then either QUIT or EXIT QUIT does not save your edits, EXIT creates a new file incorporating changes. While using this course you should always use QUIT. There is a HELP key available while using EDT, however there are some slight differences between the positions of the keys on a VTS2 and the ADM 31. and the latter does not have a backspace key. To overcome this a diagram of the ADM 31 keypad is available interactively should you require it. This is accessed by typing the GOLD key followed by H (the GOLD key is immediately to the right of the BREAK key on the top line of keys). Use GOLD H to get back to your text. Try using GOLD H to get to the keypad diagram and back again. Next quit this lesson by typing CTRL/Z followed by QUIT. EDT2.LRN Pin the key map on the wall behind your terminal for reference. and you are ready to begi'n. First memorize the position of the following keys: (refer to map} GOLD HELP DELETE LINE next find the cursor moving keys, marked with arrows. Move the cursor to the start of the line after this one. NOW DELETE THIS LINE, USING THE DELETE LINE KEY. Now undelete that line by typing GOLD followed by DELETE LINE (do not hold both keys down together) OK Now you can delete & undelete lines. Note that to copy a line you can delete it, and then undelete 2 or more times. · · · · · · · · · · · · · · ·Try it with this line· · · · · · · · · · · · · · · Similarly you can move a line by deleting it, moving the cursor to where you wish the line to go, and then undeleting the line. (line is inserted before the cursor position) now QUIT EDT3.LRN There are ways of moving around the screen and up and down in the file other than by using the arrows. ·Move the cursor so that it is over the asterisk (left) using the down arrow. Now type the keypad 2. followed by CTRL/H That is how to get to the beginning & end of a line re- spectively Now type the keypad 0 until the cursor is over the # on the next line. # Fine, this key allows you move up and down a line at a time. To move UP type [S] and then type [O] a few times. To move DOWN again type [4] and then [O] until you get back to where you want. TOP: = To get to the top of the file type [G] [S] [G] GOLD BOTTOM: To get to the bottom of the file type [G] [4] PIONEER COMMAND A COMPREHENSIVE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR MANUFACTURERS AND DISTRIBUTORS Comprising: * Sales Order Processing * Accounts Receivable * Purchase Order Processing * Accounts Payable * General Ledger * Inventory Control * Bill of Material Processor * Material Requirements Planning * Production Control -Works Order Processing & Job Costing -Routings -Work Centre Loading Designed for Timeshare and Turnkey installations on PDP 11 RSTS Computers Based on the NCCS USER 11 Data Management Systems Installations in UK, USA, Australia and New Zealand Local Dealers wanted Worldwide COMPUTER SYSTEMS LIMITED 4 Albion Place Northampton NNI IUD · UK . Tel :Northampton (0604) 39096 CIRCLE 149 ON READER CARD ·iW---H--Y--P-A--Y--M--O--R--E-!· for II DEC? II LowerVourCostOfOwnership 1 With Our 300 LPM Printer For 1 I Your PDP-8, PDP-11 and VAX I $4995 I I Contact the quiet guys who deliver I 132 or 80 column tractor-feed I printer systems starting at . . . . . . . . I Nationwide service from I I I Teletype Corporation I I starting at $36/month I Many installations assure I compatibility equal or better II than LP-11 printers costing much more. I I I I IMMEDIATE DELIVERY I I I 1-800-327-3955 I I I ,,..,...,.. ~111e '~ . I I ·· II AJ·C&.l lrC I _J I nEtworkdatacom1TK11ications I (305) 624-1644 I INNOVATIVE ELECTRONICS, INC. I 4714 N. W. 165th Street, Miami, FL 33014 I I ·-------------------~ CIRCLE 1SS ON READERCARD Page64 October 1982 RSTSPROFESSJONAUISTSPROFESSJONAUISTSPROFESSIONAUISTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSJONA!JlST'SPROFESSIONAUISTSPROF'ESSIONAUISTSPROFESS/ONALRSTSPROFESSJONALJlST'SPROFESSJONA!JlST'SPROFESSJONAUISTSP can do it all! BAC into RTS I BAC into MAC/BAC into BAS BACmac is a unique software tool, running under RSTS/E. which provides the following conversions : ·translation from Basic-Plus "compiled" back to Basic-Plus source code (only the comments will be missing) ·translation from Basic-Plus into Macro source code, which compiled under RSTS runs faster than Basic-Plus ·translation from Basic-Plus into Macro source code which may be compiled under RSTS for execution under RT! I - a migration facility ·translation from Basic-Plus into a RUN-TIMESYSTEM. Now you can write an RTS in Basic-Plus. The ideal solution to memory thrashing due to "multi-copy" applications programs. RSTS/ E. RT! I, Macro-I I and Basic-Plus are trademarks of Digital Equipment Corporation. Western Distributor: Telecom Computer Systems, Inc. P.O. Box 03285 Portland, Oregon 97203 503/286-5122 ADOS' Advanced Digital Office Systems Eastern Distributor: New England Micro Technology, Inc. P.O. Box 767 Marblehead, Mass. 01945 617/631:0005 CIRCLE 138 ON READER CARD Now you can do the following: 1. Delete, undelete. copy and move lines. 2. Use the arrowed keys, [O], [2] and CTRL/H to move around the screen. 3. Get to the top and bottom of the file. Now QUIT TIPS ON USING EDT: 1. Try to do your editing at the end of a buffer, where possible, to minimize whole screen updates. Typing beyond the end of a line, unintentionally, on a full screen can cause a lot of unnecessary 1/0 (unless TRUNCATE is set). 2. If you are worried about the availability of disk space as you are about to leave EDT, use the QUIT/SAVE command to save your edits in the journal file, and then reapply them later using the /RECOVER facility. Regular use of the CLEAN command (see above) will keep your directories uncluttered. 3. Make a backup of your edits at suitable intervals. 'Suitable" depends on a number of criteria, mainly: a) how often your machine goes down b) the size of the file you're editing c) how much you've done since you last exited or backed up EDT provides the facility - use it! A COMMON ERROR Incomplete specification of redefined key for use with a repeat count: The CTRL/K command is used to redefine keys interactively. The HELP & PAGE keys should be redefined first. as they will require only one keystroke to be used , and their original functions will hardly be missed. Example: Required: To delete the 14th through 19th characters on every line in a file. CTRL/K Press the key you wish to define [HELP] Now enter the definition: (+ 13C 6DC L). <enter> The parentheses define the command as a single opera- tion. and the full stop will cause it to be executed im- mediately the key is pressed, without having to type <enter> to terminate the command. It's always a good idea to test key redefinitions before letting them loose with a repeat count, so having verified that the definition func- tions correctly, proceed with the edit: GOLD n [HELP] = n repeat count > lines in file An error commonly made is to omit the parentheses. which in this case would cause the + 13C operation to be repeated ·n· times before 6 characters were deleted and the remainder of the command executed. · October 1982 RASCAL.BAS By W. Franklin Mitchell. Jr.. Computer Operations Supervisor Erskine College. Due West. South Carolina 29639 Be sure you know the introductory material in Volumes I - IX of the RASCAL documentation. Pay particular attention to sections K - Q of Chapter 38, pages 852-1.921 . You should memorize the material in Volumes XII - XIV. The information in Volumes XXI - XXXIV will not be needed until next week. <pause> Note: The RASCAL "compiler" performs 256 passes on your source code. This turns the source code of your program into compact pseudo-code. For example, after one pass. the following program requires 1.042 blocks of storage for the pseudo-code. After the 256th pass. the pseudo-code needs only 168 blocks. Here is the program: START//@ ASSIGN THE VALUE · Z' TO THE VARIABLE :A://@ ASSIGN THE VALUE ' Z· TO THE VARIABLE :B:/ /@ ACCUMULATE THE SUM OF THE VARIABLE :A: AND THE VARIABLE :B://@ REVEAL ACCUMULATED SUM// @ STOP//@ QUIT//@ END / / @ <pause> Note also that since the RASCAL run-time system takes 26K words, user programs must not exceed 4K words. This can be easily accomplished by using no more than four variables in any one program. Programs over 8 or 9 lines usually do not compile anyway. <pause> RASCAL requires a new disk directory structure and must DELETE all disk files currently in your account. Please wait. .. <end> 14,91 RASCAL . BAS 1000 ! ! 1002 ! ! I 1004 ! I l l ! ! ! 1010 \ \ 1020 \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ EXTEND April Fool l-Apr-82 F. Mitchell COMPILE < 232 > Set log-in mesage to · ooN'T RUN dev: Cp,pnJRASCAL!· on 1-Apc-yy Put RASCAL .BAC <232 > and RASCAL.TXT<60 > in the same account. ········ * * * ** ····························· ***** ······ **** *···· * Copyright (c) 1982 by Erskine College, Due West, South Carolina ***. *. ***. *. ** ***. *. ***. **** **** ** * **** * * * ******************* ** This program may be copied only with the inclusion of the above copyright notice . E... skine College assumes no responsibility for the use or reliability of this software . Send comments and/or bug reports to: w. Franklin Mit chell , Jr. Computer Operations Supervisor Erskine College Box 86 Due West, SC 2963 9 DIM Mt ()O\l, Rt ()0\l CH ANGE SYS ICHR$ <l2\)) TO M\ HOME.ACCT$· CHRS(M\123\ll + CHRS<M$24\ll + NUMlS(M\(25\ll + ·: [· + NU Ml$(M\(6$) + ·,· + NU PU$1M$5$) + ·]· DROP.PRIVS · CHR$(6\) + CHRS(-21\) + CHR$1255\) GAIN.PRIV$ · CHRSl6\) + CHRS(-21\) + CHRSIO\) PPN\ · PEEKI PEEK( PEEKl520\) + 8\ l + 24\ ) ACCT$· · 1· + NUMlS(SWAP$PPN$ AND 255\) + ·, · + NUMlS (PPN\ AND 255\) + ·) · FIP.CALLS "' SYS( OROP.PRIV$ ) RANDOMIZE ON ERROR GOTO 131 0 TRAP.CTRL.CS · CHR$(6\) + CHRS(-7\) PIP . CALLS · SYS( TRAP.CTRL.C$ ) CR.LFS · CHRS (13\l + CHRS (10\l BELLS · CHR$(7\) NUL$ · ·· CLEAR. SCREENS · CHRS 1155\l + · H· + CHRS 1155\) + · J · PRINT CLEAR. SCREENS Page 65 LRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFOSSIONALRSTSPROFE.SSIONAUISTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFE.SSIONAUISTSP VERSION 2.2 NOW AVAILABLE QUE.11- 'V2.2 ONE JOB SPOOLER FOR RSTS/E CONTROLS ALL SPOOLING QUE.11: · DEC QUE Compatible · Block letters on spooled header page · One job controls all spooling · Saves small buffers and job slots · Spawns jobs as needed · Handles line printer and keyboard spooling · Controls as many BATCH JOBS as pseudo-keyboards · Full parameter replacement in QUE · calls "DO" command replaces indirect processors · QUEMAN SYS call supported · Program deliveries - NOW · Only $1500 single CPU license · Trial Version $100 For more information contact: On Track Systems, Inc. P.O. Box 2·5 Ambler, PA 19002·02·5 Phone: 21515·2·7133 In Europe: Procyon Informatics, Ltd. 19 St Kevin· Road Dublin a, Ireland CIRCLE 11 ON READER CARD Page 66 October 1982 RSl'SPROFESSIONAl.RSTSPROFESSIONA~STSPROFESSIONAl.RSTSPROFESSIONALRSl'SPROFESSIONA~STSPROFESSIONAl.RSTSPROFE5SIONAl.RSTSPROFESSIONALRSl'SPROFESSIONAl.RSTSPROFESSIONAl.RSTSPROFE5SIONAl.RSTSP r RSTS SITE MANAGEMENT AND APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT TOOLS 0 M/APS a menu/authorization processor and application security system that controls user access to menus and applications programs . Uses DEC's VT series CRTs . 0 VT100 ACCOUNTING CALCULATOR a multi-function calculator designed for users of DEC's VT100 CRTs. Options and features beyond the capabilities of the normal Accountant's calculator. 0 SOURCE/FILE CROSS-REFERENCE (XREF) XREF provides cross-reference listings which detail the relation ship between source files, callable routines, data files and task images. 0 APC an automatic password changer that creates meaningful six character passwords and updates the ACCT .SYS file, allows selective changing of passwords and produces three informative reports. 0 KEYBOARD MASTER a system support tool that allows the system support manager to monitor, interact or take control of an interactive session . 0 STANDARD SUBROUTINE LIBRARY callable macro-11 routines that perform screen and terminal 1/0, cursor positioning and many other necessary program functions , including data conversions. 0 ENCRYPTION ROUTINES a site security feature which encodes ASCII characters and can be incorporated into any application where sensitive data is processed. Also exists as a stand alone program for encoding and decoding entire files . McHugh, Freeman & Associates, Inc. 1135 Legion Drive Elm Grove, Wisconsin 53122 (414 ) 784-8250 CIRCLE 57 ON READER CARD 1030 \ \ 1040 \ \ \ \ \ \ 1050 1060 \ \ \ 1070 \ 1080 1090 \ 1100 \ 1110 \ \ \ \ \ \ I 1120 \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ 1130 \ \ \ 1140 \ LOGGING· · -1\ SUCKERS$· ·11,8lSUCKER.VIR/CL:8 · OKS ····· Bait takers ···· + CR.LFS Set LOGGING\ to 0\ if logging is not desired SUCKERS$ is the log file spec. RASCALS · HOME.ACCT$ + ·RASCAL.TXT· FIP.CALLS · SYS( GAIN.PRIVS ) IN\ · l\ OPEN RASCALS FOR INPUT AS FILE IN\, MODE 8192\ FIP.CALL S · SYS( DROP.PRIVS ) ~~~N· .~: :USE R.IN· FOR INPUT AS FILE KB\, MODE 1' Open keyboard fof binary mode input INPUT LINE UN\, INFO$ GOTO 1080 IF LEFT<INF0$,7') <> · <pause > · PRINT IKB\ PRINT IKB\, ·Hit any key for more ··> · · GET U:B\ PRINT IKB\, CLEAR.SCREEN$ GOTO 1Q50 GOTO HOO IF LEFTCINF0$,5\) · · <end > · PRINT IKB\, INFO$; GOTO IOSO CLOSE IN\ PRINT llCB\ M\ ( 0\l · 30· "'(l\) · 6\ M\!2'! · 15' SLEEP 4\ PRINT IKB\, ·pIP ·. · / DE / WO/ w· M· <Ul · O· FOR Z\ · 3' TO 30· FIP . CALL$ · SYS( GAIN.PRIV$ ) Directory look up on index CFIP 15> CHANGE M\ TO M$ CHANGE SYS(M$) TO R\ PIP .CALL$ -= S YS ( DROP.PR1V$ ) DIR\ = DIR\ + l\ M\ (3\) -= DIR\ M\C4\ ) · SWAP\CDIR\l FILE.SIZE\ = R\Cl3\) + SWAP \CR$1 4\ )) FILE. SIZE\ -= 32767\ IF FILE.SIZE\ < 0\ LARGE.FILE\· R\Cl6$ IF LARGE.FILE\ THEN PAUSE\ ., 5\ ELSE IF FILE. SIZE\ < 12 8\ THt:N PAUSE\ ., l \ ELSE IF f'ILE.SIZE\ < 256\ THEN PAUSE\ -= 2\ ELSE IF FILE.SIZE\ < 512\ THEN PAUSE\ · 3\ ELSE PAUSE\ "' 4\ SLEEP PAUSE\ PRINT IKD\, RADS(R\C7\)+SWAP\CR\C8\))) 1 RADS(R$9$+SWAP\CR\Cl0\))l; PRINT IKB\. ' . '; RAD$ (R$ 11$ +SWAP\ CR\ Cl2\))); · erased and deleted· GOTO 1120 NO.FILES$ · ·\No fi!es matching? ????? .??? · IF DIR\ · 0\ THEN SLEEP 3\ PRINT IKB\, NO.FILES$ 1150 \ \ \ \ \ \ READY$ · CR.LFS + CR.LFS + ·aeady· + CR.L FS PRINT IKB\, RIGHT( READY$, )\) SLEEP 2\ PRINT tKB\, ·chaining to RASCAL system. Please GOTO 1200 IF NOT LOGGING\ TRH · 0\ WRITE.ACCESS\ · 1020 wait · . . ·; BELLS 1160 \ \ \ \ FIP.CALL$ · SYSC GAIN.PRIV$ OPEN SUCKERS$ AS FILE l\ S\ · STATUS PIP.CALL$· SYS( DROP.PRIV$ l IF (S\ AND WRITE.ACCESS\) <> 0\ THEN . CLOSE 1' SLEEP l\ TRY\ · TRY\ + l\ IP TRY\ <· 7\ THEN 1160 ELSE 1190 1170 \ \ 1180 \ 1190 I I DIM U\, N$0$, WH0$(100\) · 32\ N· · N\ <O·l IF WHO$ (Q\) <> OK$ THEN WH0$(0\) ·OK$ WHOS (Z\l · NULS FOR Z\ · 1' TO JOO· N\, N\ CO\) · l\ WHO$ ( N\l ., TIME$ (0\) + ACCT$ + CR.LF$ IF N\ CO\l <= 100\ N\CO\l ., N\CO\l + l\ CLOSE l \ Add victim to sucker list 1200 1210 \ \ \ \ 1220 \ \ \ \ \ \ \ SLEEP 0 PRINT IKB\ PRINT IKB\, ·RASCAL V0.0-00 · ; TIME$ CO\l; PRINT IKB\ PRINT IKB\, ·RAS CAL password: · . GET IKB\ CLOSE KB\ PRINT PKlNT PRINT · ?Invalid RASCAL entry. · PRINT PRINT · ?RASCAL system lost - not so rry.·; PRINT READY$ OPEN ·KB: USER .IN· FOR INPUT AS FILE KB\ - ·; DATE$(0\l 1230 1240 \ \ \ INPUT LINE IKB\ , USER . JN$ USER.IN$= (VT$$CUSER.IN$,)8\l GOTO 1230 IF LENCUSER.IN$) = 0\ SLEEP 2\ IF INSTR<l\,.CAT.CATALOGUE·, USER .IN $) <> 0\ THEN PRINT RIGHTC REA['$, 3\ l GOTO 1290 1250 1260 IF LEFTCUSER. IN$,2\) ., ·D1· THEN PRlNT ·1oir ectory of SY: ·; PRINT tvTSSCACCTS,2\ ); · is empty ·; REAOYS GOTO 1290 IF LEFT(USER.INS,2\) <> ·pI· THEN PRINT · ? what ? ·; READY$ GOTO 1290 1270 \ 1280 \ \ PIP\ · 0\ IF INSTR(!\, USER.IN$, · tL · ) · 0\ AND INSTR(!\, USER.INS, · 1 01 · 1 0\ THEN PRINT ···; INPUT LINE IKB\, USER . JN$ \ PIP\ · -1' PRINT NO.FILES$; PRINT CR .L F$; ··'"z·; IF PIP\ PRINT READY$ 1290 SLEEP 16\ October 1982 RSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFC:S.510NALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPR· 1300 \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ 1310 \ \ \ \ 1320 \ 32767 CLOSE KB\ PRINT CLEAR.SCREENS; BELLS PRINT SPOT\ · 27' PRINT TABCSPOT\); · 1---------------------1· PRINT TABCSPOTt>; ·1 APRIL F 0 0 Li· PRINT TAB (S POT\); · 1---------------------1 · CANCEL.ALL.TYPE.AHEAD$ · SYS(CHRS(ll\)l EXIT.AND.CLEAR.PROGRAMS'"' SYS(CHRS(9'll GO'!'O 32767 PIP.CALL$ · SYS( TRAP.CTRL.CS ) CANCEL .CTRL .0$ · SYSCCHRSCO\ll CANCEL.ALL.TYPE.AHEAD$· SYSCCHRS(ll\)l RESUME 1100 IF ERR · 11\ AND ERL · 1050\ RESUME 1300 IF ERR = 28\ OR ERR · 11\ AND ERL >· 1290\ RESUME 0 IF ERR "" 28\ OR ERR · 11\ RESUME 1140 IF ERR = S\ AND ERL · 1120\ RESUllE 1190 IF ERL · 1160\ IF ERR s 2\ AND ERL .. 1040\ THEN PRINT · ?RASCAL must be RUN. · GOTO 32767 PIP.CALLS = SYS C OROP.PRIVS ) ON ERROR GOTO 0 END SHORT BUT USEFUL HIUILI! t HUlf I fCUC(ll( rr111111,n1t1 I' l fl ij · ;\~ I 1: 1 ' )~\ :~\':f \' ) l~cll j l ~''J · : 1 5 ,1~: : \r ! ~f :1 ' :' \;j ; ;~q 't ~ J '')) \ l\J :c \') f;ll : \' ) f: I J;: ;~f11hf1 1·: · ] ..'H I Jh H · j\ J1 ; : \ YI f - I ' ) 'I - \ I J: f · r ' ) \ \ : ' \· ' j \o J t ; I I· : r · 5f ) ( 1· ) : ' ~ : · ~ ( ~ : ~ \ I 1' : I I· : r -, j f ·. ! ~ ~ Itf - · J · · i c : 1; ~ - · ; ~ )C-'; l\\·:·h ;\\"f J1Yl1 )\ HlL : V 1 ~ h ) \ t :J I Hrr :·cl , q · ' ·' i !) ;)1if 11;~1 1 ~ 1 J l ~,· r :~; ' ~;: ?)f< \ ~ f:· ;t : )\ I (~\t j); I .,J 11) - f ) flf r ) I \\ 11 fl: :"' : n rrc I (I! !ti 011 (!{\ ri ( 1111! t (Ill ti H H J· iJn; J 1 ~ hl ]\ t 'J~vht :~": ' )~ ' r: J tJ~~ : n ; Hti~fH' :' )l fjfJ\;I]\ ·ht l\' :·· 1 Uc ~J ·P: H\Jf; q lhHf r' j j lh :'1 1 C!f t;JC\')1Z~ 11'11< : \ fl\t:· :·,: 't ! "l U\ ; n ;\:r : hl h ·~ li ' )~ \f ·: JI ')\f:I II '1t· ) , t, )') ~;· H 'H< , ; ~~~ ·:· n Y) 11 ··1 h h ·hth~;I · JI :·nl :·n · ~ ~ ) j; hl ~f p JJ1!~ry : · 11~:u, ' " :-1, 1 -'hl· -"' ·1 , · r · 1·:,' ' J h 1f ' " Ju·: J' ·:titn h i ~ hi -~Hf; · . - . .. . . . ;1- 1 · ·1r-1 11h<l£ 5vl h J5 , ·: " · J: Uc : 1 ·~' : ~1~ ,1 : ·1qtt ! I h'.)'f! ~ '' ) j1i ~;t i )· {)\If I; Clt!t ll 11CIII(11111 l!C ! !tilt I ltf ; ~.,·1 '. 1 "r>: lq:t '. JI )I JI "J!' 'l ''t '. n )! JI ~it i h ') ; n ;;h)' h)U ~ ~ 1 H:· 1 f l'! ~; 1 \-\\ i) ' f ) 'htf ynr :J cll )": ·· y·J ~ ! ~~ ·?J ' J· JC'lll\~91)\ :p :· ;r) l' ' );E t , l'j ; ·r1t rr :r \. ) ;n ,1:~;,ht }ff:\.1 ~:: ,:·1,1 j]' 1; :r ~: ·1 r:~'· < 111 ll'll<\ 1: , 1)1< )\J I ~)' ·'O j~ 11~nh1 ; ;.,1" r:H ~ ; - I J :· ~ " );1: 1·: "' 1 )" ; : ' ·~:t : f:: 111ht n)a · : ·1 · ); · 5r \' ) >l ~ 11 ···HI: · · SPSS®makes data analysis simple for DEC PDP-11 users! Now PDP-11 users can enjoy all the benefits that have made SPSS the world's largest selling Data Analysis System. It's easy to use and learn, thanks to its response to English language commands and comprehensive documentation. It's also sophisticated, giving researchers and business managers alike a full range of capabilities for statistical analysis and report generation. For full information, call or write SPSS today: Sue Phelan, SPSS, Inc., 444 N. Michigan Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, 312/329-2400. . .inc. c Copyright 1981 SPSS, Inc. DATA ANALYSIS MADE SIMPLE SPSS-11 runs on DEC LSl-11 through PDP-11 170. Compatible with DEC Systems RSTS, RT-11, RSX-11M, /AS/Bell Labs UNIX/S&H Computer Systems TSX. CIRCLE 123 ON READER CARD RSTS Likes ACCOUNTING TWO* Financial Software for RSTS I E General Ledger Accounts Receivable Accounts Payable Installed and proven in Canada and the USA. Flexible reporting structure and formatting System adapts to the end user Table driven software Changes made easily Multi-level accounting Allows varying methods of branch and company consolidation Menu selection Easy to use Fully documented Easy to learn Rental plan also available Conserve your capital budget For your Management Overview phone. wnte. or circle the reader ca rd IAS Computer Corporation Limited 6080 Young Street Suite 401 Halifax, Nova Scotia B3K 5L2 Contact: G. Patrick Hunt Director of Marketing (902) 453-4620 · Proprietary Produc l o f IAS Computer Corporation L1m1ted CIRCLE 112 ON READER CARD Page 68 October 1982 DEGRADING YOUR RSTS/E SYSTEM ABSTRACT When. in the course of computing events. it becomes necessary to convince management ofthe need to acquire new hardware. many users and software people have found it very useful to tune their RSTS/E systems in strange and unusual ways. This paper will discuss some of the more effective ways to bring your system to a grinding halt. particulary by using features that are available with RSTS/E version 7.0 (7.1 and 7.2 included). The Disk Sub-System By PHRED The disk sub-system of RSTS/E is probably the most fruitful area of endeavor for the fertile imagination. Though some recommendations have been discussed in various publi- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -.. cations to improve the performance of the RSTS/E disk subsystem, they have never been explained in a way which would allow the system manager to be sure that he was getting the Yes Virginia, there is a Macro Man! worst performance possible. Call A very important area of study is the use of public versus private disks. Wherever possible, the use of private disks MACRO MAN should be discouraged. One should take full advantage of the time required to search the directories of all the disks in the for superior performance · RSTS Internals · · Custom Macro Programming · public structure when performing file lookups. While one or two private disks might not greatly affect the performance of a large system, every little bit helps. Seldom used files should be explicitly placed and positioned on the system disk. These files should preferably be placed at · RSTS or 11 M · the front of the directory and made contiguous in the center of the largest free contiguous space on the disk. This will help to ensure that the longest ·directory search possible will be LEARN MACRO FROM THE MASTER! Seminars available - call for details. required when opening. creating, looking for. or deleting a file, as well as making contiguous space a scarce resource. Conversely, often used files should be placed at the end of the device MACRO UTILITY LIBRARY list. The last disk drive of your public disk structure (in order Available now - call for information. Also Available Now - listed by SYSTAT) is an ideal place for files that must be accessed by many users on your system. Create and use the smallest number of accounts as is VAX MACRO Consulting possible. Ideally. all file creation and deletion should occur in the system account (account [1.2]) or in the library account (account [1. 1]). Since this is rarely practical due to security RSTS/E problems. one could compromise by placing the large, fre- MACRO PROGRAMMING COURSE To Be Given quently extended files in [ 1, 1]. as many of the system and language related files as possible in [ 1.2], and all the users files in their own directories. November 8 - November 12 in Philadelphia If you must use many accounts then try to put as many files as possible in [1 .1J or[1 ,2]. And, by all means. put every program possible in the system or library accounts with the least-frequently used programs at the front of the directory. If you do not care to re-create your system directories to accomp- Bob 'Macro Man' Meyer 9 Lockwood Avenue, Fieldsboro, NJ 08505 lish this, then you can use the appropriate OPEN mode to place the file at the "front" of the directory. Temporary files should always be created at the "front" of an accounts directory. 609-298-9127 Avoid the use of random access files. It is always better to CIRCLE 64 ON READER CARD read ordered files sequentially, creating a new copy of the file October 1982 Page 69 on each pass through the file. If a file will be extended in the memory space that might otherwise go wasted as user job course of normal operation. avoid pre-allocating the disk space. The same care should be used in placing Resident space required, as this usually significantly reduces the time Libraries as was used in placing Run-Time Systems. required to extend the file during production. On the other When placing XBUF, Resident Libraries, or Run-Time Sys- hand, all files which will never change should be extended to at tems. one should always begin about SKW above the MONI- least twice the required size. to allow for future growth. TOR. This allows the memory management routine to search Disk Caching through the greatest amount of memory before allocating space. An important feature of RSTS/E version 7.0 is the user data caching. While this feature is designed to enhance system performance. careful abuse can make file-processing worse than has been possible on previous major releases of RSTS/E. A good rule of thumb is to cache all random files sequentially, and sequential files randomly. It is also exceedingly important that you make your cache clustersize at least The feature patch " First Fit" is another excellent way to keep the memory boggled. Whenever there is less than 128KW of memory on a system the patch should always be installed. Conversely, whenever there is more than S12KW of memory, it should never be installed. Systems with memory between 128KW and S12KW may need to experiment with it before making a decision on using this patch. Ttwhiicsewtihlleheplapctkheclucascteher sbiezefilolefdyowuirthmdoastat firtewqiullepnrtolybaubsleydndeisvke.r.,.._ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __. use. These suggestions are even even more effective ifXBUF is kept very small. Memory Allocation Proper abuse of available memory is essential for system degradation. and may even be more effective on some systems than abuse of the disk sub-system. The following suggestions emphasize the reduction of memory available for user jobs, an essential consideration in creating bottle-necks. XBUF is the means by which Small Buffers are saved and directory and data caching is implemented. A properly sized and placed XBUF can aid in crippling a system. Ifyour system uses disk and data caching or uses the SEND/RECEIVE system service, then the XBUF file should be no more than 8KW. However. if your system does not use these services then XBUF should be allocated to take up at least 30% of the available system memory. Run-Time System should always be loaded with the " /STAY" when possible. The only requirement imposed by RSTS/E is that there be one contiguous region of memory large enough to accomomdate the largest possible userjob. It is exceedingly wasteful to allow more than onejob to reside in core if it can be avoided. If your system is too small to accommodate all possible Run-Time Systems. select the least used Run-Time System to be permanently resident. It is highly desirable for the user jobs to compete with Run-Time Systems for available space in memory. Permanently-resident Run-Time Systems should not be loaded contiguously in memory. An initial guess would be that 3KW to 8KW of free memory should appear between each Run-Time System. This should help to keep the memory manager busier than might otherwise be possible. If you have too much memory, filling it with Run-Time Systems, Resident Libraries (new feature as of version 7.0) should help. It is relatively easy to create Resident Libraries. and useless routines can be effectively combined to occupy Going from RSTS/E to VAX/VMS? MIGRAID3 can help get you there. MIGRAID3rM USERS WITH A RSTS/E DISK PACK MOUNTED AS A "FOREIGN " VOLUME UNDER VMS CAN ·TRANSFER RMS-11 FILES DIRECTLY TO VMS, READY TO USE ·COPY ASCII STREAM FILES DIRECTLY TO RMS-32 SEQUENTIAU VARIABLE FORMAT ·TRANSFER VIRTUAL ARRAYS AND BLOCK 1/0 FILES, READY TO OPEN ORGANIZATION VIRTUAL MIGRAID3 SUPPORTS RSTS/E WILDCARDS FOR BULK COPIES, AND OFFERS A COMPREHENSIVE DIRECTORY FACILITY TOO! $800 (U.S.) Single-CPU license ; ODA/OEM terms available. COMPUTER METHODS CORPORATION P.O. BOX 592 MOORESTOWN, NJ 08057 (609) 778-8440 RSTS and VAX/VMS are registered trademarks of Digital Equipment Corporation . CIRCLE 152 ON READER CARD Page 70 October 1982 RSTSPROFESSIONALRSl'SPROFESSIONALRSl'SPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSl'SPROFESSIONALRSl'SPROFESSIONALRSl'SPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSl'SPROFESSIONALRSl'SPROFESSIONALRSTSP Daily Operations Never install patches that are described in the RSTS/E Software Dispatch. These patches are intended strictly to It is essential to understand the correct use of the so- improve the performance of your RSTS/E system and will be called 'utility' programs, or CUSPs. These tools can be used of little help to you. True. you may lose days. weeks. or even in seemingly innocent ways to make life on your system a months of work from a bug that should have been corrected disaster. nine months ago. but what better reason to ask for more The BACKUP money (for a new package. of course. computer)? is your biggest prob- lem. It was designed to create copies of your system that can be used if some GOOD NEWS Miscellaneous Here are a few catastrophic error causes you to lose one or more files. FOR SCHOOLS miscellaneous tips for continued performance degrada- Aside from being tion: very carefully designed to recover from bad blocks. BACKUP attempts to optimize your directory structure when it restores files. While this may be insignificant on some systems. it is rumored that there are systems where a complete BACKUP and RESTORE ofthe public disk structure has greatly increased system throughput. (If that is your goal. this document is not for you anyway.) The following suggestions should help you keep your system running FINAR Introduces A New Educational Discount: 100°/o OFF LIST PRICE FINAR - The financial modeling language that is used by hundreds of commercial enterprises around the world is now available to universities , colleges , and other educational institutions. · Your finance office can use it for budgeting, cash flow forecasting, and other accounting tasks. · Your business school can give students experience with a state of the art financial modeling system. · Your professors can use it to do research and consultancy. HERE IS OUR OFFER: FINAR is normally sold for $18 .500 .00 to commercial enterprises . These firms also pay an annual fee of 10% for maintenance and support of the product. We will provide your school with the software for free . Your school , on an annual basis , will pay only the $1 ,850 maintenance fee normally charged to our commercial accounts. Run as much in batch mode as possible. New Files First directory structure on the system disk. Use (or at least create) as many CCL's as possible. Have a terminal continuously running VTSOPY (at XO). even more poorly. Instead of using If your school has a PDP·11/RSTS or VAX/VMS computer system and you want to take us up on this offer call or write: Set all terminals to the the BACKUP package. use the COPY James B. Hotze & Co. highest baud rate possible. program that was 3303 South Rice Avenue. Suite 208 used during SYS- Houston. Texas 77056 Always use GEN (after all. if it's @ (713) 960-0848 DIRECT. not good enough for PIP/LI, for SYSGEN. then it's good enough for CIRCLE 51 ON READER CARD directory searches. production). When at all possible. backup should be performed during pro- SYSGEN as few small buffers as possible. duction. This increases the probability of incomplete backup volumes and degraded performance. COPY is singularly sus- SYSTEM the system with the statistics gathering option. ceptible to bad blocks on disks: a well-timed bad block will allow you to go screaming to your management. crying that This one feature can use as much as 12% overhead. you must have another computer to back up your current Only create one swap file. and create it twice as large system. This procedure is common in government agencies: as needed. Or create a second swapfile on the slowest and it usually works. or the busiest disk. t October 1982 RSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFBSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFBSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONAUIS'I NEWS RELEASES DEXPOTll WEST 82 EXHIBITOR LIST ·Products to be exhibited in distributor/agent booth COMPANY BOOTH NO. ACC 622 Able Computer 302 Access Technology 2009 Adac Corporation 427 Advanced Computer Systems 119 Advanced Data Management 205 Advanced Electronics Design, Inc. 706 Amcor Computer Corp. 605 American Computer Group, Inc. 202 Ampex Corporation 428 Anadex Inc. 418 Andromeda Systems, Inc. 103 Applied Information Systems, Inc. 601 Aviv Corporation . 229-231 Glenn A. Barber & Assoc., Inc. 821 Basic Electronic Distributors 1005-1007 Basic Information Systems 1006 Batte lie 625 Braegen MPD 712 Britton-Lee, Inc. 405 Busology 632 CSPI 925 Cambex Corporation 232 Care Information Systems, Inc. 425 Charles River Data Systems, Inc. 126 Clyde Digital Systems, Inc. 517 Com design 422 Compumart Corp. 312 Compu-Share, Inc. 306 Computer & Terminal Exchange 620 Computer Hotline 111 Computer Intelligence Corp. 228 Computer Marketing Assoc. 2007 Computer Parts Exchange 412 Computer Systems Corp. 431 Computerworld 726-728 Computers-R-Digital Monthly 426 Compu-Tome/ Discom 327 Condor, Inc. 1008 Cortex Corp. 430 Corvus 1001 DEC Professional 512 Data Processing Design, Inc. 402 Data Sources 226 Data Systems Design 806 Datamation 905 Datanex, Inc. 528 Dataram Corporation 106 Digital Communications Assoc. Inc. 906 Digital Engineering, Inc. 627-629 Digital Information Systems Corp. 705 Digital Management Group Ltd. 121 Digital Technology Inc. 117 Distributed Logic Corp. 525-527 EEC Systems 305 Emulex Corporation 717 Evans Griffiths & Hart, Inc. 505 Everest Electronic Equipment, Inc. 318 ·Falco Data Systems 1005-1007 The Fasbe Group 107 Finar Systems Ltd. 831 Gejac Inc. 221 General Digital Industries 731 General Robotics Corp. 421 Grant Technology 2001 Group III Electronics 612 Hardcopy Magazine 802 Henco, Inc. 518 Hinditron Offshore Software Services 225 J.B. Hotze & Company 831 Info Graphics, Inc. 113 Information & Systems Research, Inc. 701 Information Products Systems, Inc. 526 Infosphere, Inc. 330 Intelligent Industrial Systems, Inc. 822 Intelligent Systems Corp. 904 Interactive Information Systems, Inc. 529 Interactive Management Systems, Inc. 618 Interactive Systems, Inc. 602 Interactive Technology, Inc. 325 International Systems, Inc. 125 International Math & Stat. Libraries 707 C. ltoh Electronics, Inc. 702 Kaufman Research Mfg. Inc. 921 Kinetic Systems Corporation Llnkabit Corporation MOB Systems, Inc. MIS Week 227 617 326-328 817 Management Information Sys. Pty. Ltd. 130-132 Marc Software International, Inc. 321 Marway Products, Inc. 725 McCormack & Dodge Corp. 721 Micom Systems, Inc. 112 Micro-Term, Inc. 332 Midcom Corporation 331 Minitab Project 101 Monolithic Systems Corp. 2015 Motorola 1002 Nashua Corp. 109 National Information Systems 432 National Semiconductor 227-229 Newman Computer Exchange, Inc. 406 North County Computer Services, Inc. 123 Nyplan, Inc. 105 Oasys, Inc. Olamic Systems Corp. 902 926-928 Organizational & Systems Spec. 732 Oregon Software PSI Computer Services, Inc. P-Stat, Inc. Pennington Systems, Inc. 222 218 2006 722 Plessey Peripheral Systems 912 Polygon 1014 Protean Assoc., Inc. ·Quantex Division North Atlantic RGTI Systems Software 825 1005-1007 217 ROM Systems, Inc. 532 Ranyan, Inc. 530 Relational Software Inc. 417 Relational Technology Inc. 317 Reliance Electric Company 630 Ross Systems, Inc. 631 S & H Computer Systems, Inc. 201 SPSS Inc. 115 Saturn Systems, Inc. 502 Signal Technology, Inc. 118 C. D. Smith & Assoc., Inc. 329 Softool Corporation 230 Software AG 322 Software House 206 Software International 604 Software Results Corp. Synemation Div. of Synemed 626-628 606 System Industries, Inc. 818 Tektronix, Inc. 522 Televideo 1012 Teltone 2012 The 11 Connexion 128 Tymshare/ Computer Systems & Support 812 Tymshare/ Dynasty 812 U. S. Design Corp. 102 Viking Software Services 531 Virtual Microsystems, Inc. 718 Webster Electronics, Inc. 805 Western Data 127 Western Peripherals 122 Western Resource Technology, Inc. 429 Why Systems, Inc. 521 Wyle Electronic Mktg. Group 922 Xerox Computer Services 506 Xylogics, Inc. 212 Xyplex, Inc. 826 Za-Tro Corp. 621 Zia Corp. 608 Page 71 COBOL SOFTWARE SOLUTIONS FOR PRODUCTION AND FINANCIAL CONTROL Available on VAX in native mode PDPO11 under RSX or RSTS OFF-THE-SHELF SUPPLY Enquire about our 30-DAY TRIAL ON YOUR MACHINE FULL FACILITIES FOR: · General Ledger- Accounts ReceivableAccounts Payable- Sales Orders- Stock Control- Purchasing.SOM-Works Orders -MRPWork in Progress Monitoring Send for FEATURE WALL CHART to: COMPUTER SYSTEMS DEVELOPMENT (CSD) LTD. 75 Marylebone High Street, London Wl, England . Tel : 01-935 2255 CIRCLE 150 ON READER CARD Page72 October 1982 RSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFOSSIONAl.RSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONAl.RSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSP "BRING YOUR BOSS FOR FREE" ADMISSIONS POLICY ANNOUNCED FOR DEXPO/ WEST 82; MORE THAN 200 BOOTHS ALREADY TAKEN FOR 2ND DEC-COMPATIBLE EXPOSITION Anaheim, CA - A new "Bring Your Boss for Free" admissions policy makes it possible for data processing managers, top corporate executives and senior technical staff members at companies using Digital Equipment Corp. computers to register for DEXPO/ West 82 at reduced prices . . . when they come in pairs. DEXPO/ West 82, the Second National DEC-Compatible Industry Exposition, will be held at the Anaheim Convention Center, Anaheim, CA, December 7-9, 1982. The announcement was made today by Larry Hollander, president of Expoconsul International, Inc., organizer of the DEXPO Shows. "We hope to encourage greater communication among all levels of management at DEC-using companies," Hollander explained. "Because DEXPO features all the latest in DEC-compatibles, and only DECcompatibles, the Show gives DEC-users an excellent opportunity to explore maximum potential of their computer systems, - and then make fully informed decisions." Visitors from the same company will be required to register in pairs and present business cards as documentation in order to take advantage of the program. Both registrants will then pay only half the usual at-door registration fee - that is, two for the price of one. DEXPO/ West 82 will be the largest DEC-compatible show ever - twice the size of the first DEXPO held last May. The first Show featured 125 vendors occupying 150 booths. DEXPO/ West will have 250 vendors in 300 booths. For additional information, contact Larry Hollander, president, Expoconsul Internatioal, Inc., Cranbury, NJ 08512; Call (609) 799-1661. TALKS ON DEC-COMPATIBLE SOFTWARE DOMINATE SCHEDULE OF PRODUCT FORUMS TO BE PRESENTED AT DEXPO WEST 82 Anaheim CA - Reflecting the rapid pace of technical advances in DECcompatible software, discussions of these advances dominate the Product Forums scheduled for DEXPO WEST 82. While the wide-ranging program affords ample coverage of hardware topics as well, talks on software productivity, data analysis programs and relational data base management systems typify the software orientation of the Product Forums as a whole. DEXPO WEST 82 - The Second National DEC-Compatible Industry Exposition - will be held at the Anaheim Convention Center, Anaheim, CA, DECEMBER 7-9, 1982. " By attending a Product Forum, in the space of only twenty minutes, executives who own, manage or use DEC computers will discover exactly what the latest DECcompatible technology has to offer," said Larry Hollander. Hollander is president of Expoconsul International, Inc., organizers of the DEXPO Shows : DEXPO WEST 82; DEXPO EAST 83; and DEXPO EUROPE 83. "And since the presentations will be made by exhibiting DEC-compatible vendors," he continued, "visitors will have the opportunity to follow up on sessions oi greatest interest to them by contacting the speakers right in their exhibit booths." Among the exhibits, visitors will find 250 vendors demonstrating thousands of DEC-compatibles, including hardware, software and related services and supplies. The Product Forums, which complement what will be the world's largest exhibition of DEC-compatible products and services ever held, are free to all Show registrants. Approximately 60 Product Forum presentations will be made during the three-day event. For additional information, contact Larry Hollander, president, Expoconsul International, Inc., 19 Yeger Road, Cranbury, NJ 08512; call (609) 7991661. DEC-COMPATIBLES AT DEXPO WEST 82 TO INCLUDE FULL RANGE OF HARDWARE, SOFTWARE & SERVICES: MANY ON EXHIBIT FOR FIRST TIME Anaheim CA - In preparation for what will be the world's largest exhibition of DEC-compatible products and services ever held, approximately 250 vendors are readying their latest offerings for exhibit at DEXPO WEST 82 - The Second National DEC-Compatible Industry Exposition. And an informal survey of exhibitor plans reveals that visitors will find the entire range of DEC-compatible hardware, software and related services and supplies well represented at the December 7-9 event, set for the Anaheim Convention Center, Anaheim, CA. "Lterally thousands of DECcompatibles will be demonstrated," announced Larry Hollander, president of Expoconsul International, Inc., "including hundreds that have never been exhibited before." As a notable example, Hollander cited the totally new category of DECcompatibles spawned by the introduction of DEC's personal computers. Expoconsul International, Inc., is the organizer of DEXPO WEST 82 as well as the other DEXPO Shows - DEXPO EAST 83 and DEXPO EUROPE 83. "The fact is, most owners, managers and users of DEC computers are not aware of all the technically advanced DEC-compatible resources on the market," Hollander explained. "Now for the first time, they'll have access to the technologies that promise to make their DEC systems even better." DEXPO WEST 82 is expected to attract 8,000 visitors from every management level - top management, DP management, senior technical staff, administrative management and other members of the decision-making team. Additional information is available by contacting Larry Hollander, president, Expoconsul International, Inc., 19 Yeger Road, Cranbury, NJ 08512; call (609) 799-1661. "MRP PLUS" TO BE INTRODUCED AT DEXPO/ WEST 82 Belmont MA - Interactive Management Systems, Belmont, MA, will introduce "MRP PLUS": An Innovative Approach to MRP II" at the Second Annual DECCompatible Exposition, Anaheim Convention Center, December 7-9, 1982. The product of the total integration of IMS' twelve accounting and manufacturing software packages, "MRP PLUS" is designed to give the executive and data processing professional the tools he or she needs for successful Manufacturing Resource Planning (MRP II). MRP II, as defined by Oliver Wight in The Executive 's Guide to Successful MRP II (Oliver Wight Lmited Publications / Prentice-Hall, 1982) is, "a company game plan for manufacturing, marketing, engineering, and finance ." The objective of the plan is to ensure that all divisions of a company are working as a team for the betterment of overall corporate productivity and growth. "MRP PLUS" not only meets the objectives of MRP II, but helps the executive to break through specific corporate bottlenecks and to achieve critical goals such as reduced inventory and obsolescence, improved customer service and accountability, and decreased purchasing costs and overtime. The twelve IMS software packages integrated within "MRP PLUS" are: Accounts Payable, Accounts Receivable, General Ledger, Financial Planning, Inventory Management and Control, Bill of Materials, Shop Floor Control, Materials Requirement Planning, Order Processing and Sales Analysis, Payroll, Fixed Assets, and Purchasing. IMS' native mode software is written in VAX-11 BASIC, utilizing VAX-11 RMS, making it compatible with DEC's Datatrieve query language. For more information on "MRP PLUS", write or call Mike Carabetta, IMS V.P. Marketing, 375 Concord Avenue, Belmont, Massachusetts 02178-3094, (617) 489-3550. COMPUTER SYSTEMS CORPORATION ANNOUNCES VERSION 1.1 OF CALC-11 October 1982 Page 73 RSTSPROF'ESSIONAUISTSPROF'ESSIONALRSTSPROFt:SSIONAUISTSPROF'ESSIONALRSTSPROFt:SSIONAUISTSPROF'ESSIONAUISTSPROFt:SSIONAUISTSPROF'ESSIONAUISTSPROFESSIONAUISTSPROFESSIONAUISTSPROFESSIONAUISTSP Indianapolis IN - CALC-11, Version 1.1 of the electronic spreadsheet system, is now available for the PDP-11 a nd VAX computers. Computer Systems Corporation will be demonstrating CALC11 at the Second National DECCompatible Exposition, Anaheim Convention Center, December 7-9, 1982. The CALC-11 product is one in a series of products from the Software Products Division of Computer Systems Corp. CALC-11 has been designed to operate on all of the popular PDP-11 operating systems (RT-11, RT-11 with TSX plus, RSX-11, RSTS/ E) as well as the VMS operating system for the VAX computer. CALC-11 will be available for the Unix operating system in the near future. CALC-11 incorporates some exciting features not generally available on previous spreadsheet systems. In addition to providing many of the standard !eatures, CALC-11 allows for d ata access to non CALC-11 files, file encryption, three dimensional spreadsheet (paging), multiple nested function capability, very flexible spreadsheet adjustment and various data formating options. Distribution and media is supplied with each purchase of CALC-11. The user manual incorporates both the tutorial section and the user reference section. The first time user of CALC-11 need only follow the tutorials in order to become proficient with this utility. The installahon section of CALC-11 is very easy and requires less than a page of instruction. CALC-11 licenses a re priced according to which particular operating system is required. CALC-11 pricing starts at $2000.00. Educational and volume discounts are available. For additional information, contact: Computer Systems Corporation, 5540 Rock Hampton CT.. Indianapolis, IN 46268, Attn: David Tortora, Phone (317) 872-7200, Telex 276243. NYPLAN 3.0 - AN IMPORTANT NEW RELEASE OF THE NYPLAN FINANCIAL MODELING SYSTEM TO BE EXHIBITED FOR THE FIRST TIME AT DEXPO WEST 1982 Kirkland WA - Sophisticated business graphics which can be output to a wide variety of plotting devices, a m a trix window with split screen, logic window with editor, visible calculation, help command, and goal seeking capa bilities a re a few of the exciting new features potential users will be a ble to try out at the 2nd National DEC Compatible Exposition, Ana heim Convention Center, Dec. 7 -9, 1982. The NYPLAN system is presently a v a ila ble on RT-11, TSX+, RSX, IAS, RSTS, VAX/ VMS, a nd TOPS 10/ 20 operating systems. Information a vailable from NYPLAN INC.. 135 Lake St.. So . Kirkland, WA 98033, (206) 822-6074. XYLOGICS TO DISPLAY COMPLETE LINE AT DEXPO WEST Burlington MA - XYLOGICS will have their complete line of Peripheral Processors on display. These controllers are emulators interfacing disk a nd tape subsystems to Digital Equipment Corp.'s Q -Bus and Unibus; Data Genera l's 1/0 Bus; and Intel/National's Multibus computer systems. Software Saver Systems will be displayed in XYLOGICS "XL" series of packaged products. Utilizing Digital Equipment Corp.'s LSl-11 / 23 microprocessor a nd software products, the "XL" series, is a complete desk top packaged system that contains 22 bit addressing, up to 4MB of memory with RSX-llM, Q-Bus backplane, 34MB Winchester disk, l 7MB tape cartridge, and 8 prewired RS232 ports. XYLOGICS new Storage Cells which provide new data storage solutions for PDP-11, LSI-11, VAX, Nova / Eclipse, and Multibus users will also be exhibited. The XSClOO disk and streamer tape unit provides up to 320MB of on-line storage capacity for PDP-11 and VAX users. The XSC200 series provides up to 140MB of storage capacity in a 5 1/4" x 19" cabinet for Q-Bus, Unibus, Multibus, and DG 110 Bus systems. LOW COST, POWER-LOSS DATA RETENTION FOR LSI-11 AT ADAC DEXPO/ WEST BOOTH 427 Woburn, MA - ADAC's Model 1816CMOS battery-backed RAM memory boards offer up to 30-day retention of 8 or 16 K word units of system data in the event of power outage or shutdown. Available in 168-hour and 30 day models for either 8K or 16K words, these half-quad boards plug directly into a single slot of the LIS-11 backplane. On -board automatic switching and recharging circuitry keep the selfcontained nickel cadmium batteries charged to peak efficiency. System data will be maintained at temperatures as high as 40"C for 30 days or longer. Full operating temperature range is 0° to 55°C . Model 1816CMOS features write protect dip switches that are accessible while the memory board is positioned in the backplane. Pricing for the 1816CMOS series is highly competitive with extremely low "per word" storage cost. Unit prices are: Model 1816CMOS-8S (8K, 168 hour retention) $695.00 -8L (8K, 30 day retention) $795.00 -16S (16K, 168 hour retention) $1095.00 -16L (16K, 30 day retention) $1295.00 For complete details and for special quantity pricing information, contact: Mr. Ben Minsk, ADAC Corp., 70 Tower Office Park, Woburn, MA 01801; Phone: (617) 935-6668; Telex: 949329. DISC' S DBL AT DEXPO Sacramento, CA - DBL is a businessoriented programming language which provides users of PDP-11 and VAX computers with portability, increased programmer productivity, and efficiency of operation. DBL is a much extended superset of DEC's DIBOL-11 but can accept virtually all exisiting DIBOL-11 sources unmodified. The extensions in DBL include structured programming facilities, source library "include" capabilities, self-contained ISAM file structures, auto/ load shared runtime support, and intermodule "global" data storage features . The DBL Symbolic Debugger permits immediate debugging of DBL programs without special advance preparations . The DBL ISAM facility is tree-structured and self-reorganizing. Reorganizing includes reclamation of unused index and data entries thus ADAC - Model 1816CMOS Page 74 October 1982 RSTSPROF'ESSIONALRSTSPROF'ESSIO NALRST'SPROF'ESSIONALRSTSPROF'ESSI ONALRSTSPROF'ESSIONALRST'SPROF'ESSIONALRSTSPROF'ESSIONALRSTSPROF'ESSIONALRSTSPROF'ESSIONALRST'SPROF'ESSIONALRSTSPROF'ESSIONALRSTSP greatly m inimizing the need for frequent file reorga niza tion . Porta bility o f DBL progra ms is of paramo unt concern. Currently spanning a ll of DEC's major operating systems, DBL is now being developed for non -DEC environments so a s lo provide the widest possible choice of hardware and systems for the DBL users a nd distributors. This product will be on exhibit for the first time by DISC at DEXPO WEST 82. "TWICE-THE-LIFE", 8 " DUAL-SIDES, DUAL-DENSITY FLOPPY DISKS FOR DEC' s Q -Bus· Berkeley, CA - The FD4 Two-Mega byte Floppy Disk System from Synemed, Inc., offers twice the MTBF, twice the media life of other systems and a ha ppy solution to the threat of critical d a ta losses! Based on NEC's reliable Soft-Touch .. drive, this competitively priced dualsided, dual density disk system provides Q-Bus· users with a superlong MTBF of 15,000 hours (c ompared lo an a veraye o f 8,000 for other drives) - a nd the FD4 is the only system with air-cushion protection lo extend media life. A unique air dampener al the base of the headloading mechanism eliminates the pinching, or biting of d isk surfaces that leads lo the excessive wear and information dropout common lo other double -sided floppy disk systems . Now, even in those applications where data loss is most critical, media wear and it's associated costs can be cul dramatically without jeopardizing data integrity. Pluggable in hall -quad slot and completely transparent to DEC RX02 software, the FD4 runs DEC's ZRXDBO diagnostic and looks like a double size RX02 with 1962 formatted blocks per disk. Please dirEi!ct inquiries lo: DEXPO/WEST 82 - BOOTii 606), SYNEMED, INC., 1215 Fourth Street, Berkeley, CA 94710, Attn: Kevin Miller. ·Trademark Digital Equipment Corp. ..Trademark NEC Information Systems, Inc. NIS, INC. AT BOOTH 432 WILL INTRODUCE PASCAL-PLUS AND PRES Cupertino, CA - National Information Systems will be showing ACCENT R and VUE and introducing PASCAL-PLUS and PRES at the Second National DECCompatible Exhibition, DEXPO/ WEST ACCENT Risa high productivity development tool allowing computerized information management applications to be developed in a fraction of the normal lime. ACCENT R's combination of a relational DBMS with a non-procedural query language a nd a 4th generation high -level structured programming language makes immediate and direct access to information a reality for strategic planning, decision support, and information management on DECsystem10 and -20 computers. VUE is an interactive project management system that provides a convenient tool lo plan and manage complex projects. VUE performs critical paths analysis for projects with up to 3,000 activities. VUE performs very well in environments where multi on- and/ or off-site users need program access. The menu-driven user interface allows easy data entry, modification, and report selection. VUE runs on DECsyslem10/ 20, HP3000, VAX, PDP-11, and Perkin Elmer. Reporting is done on CRTs, printers, or optional graphics plotters. PASCAL-PLUS is a production oriented compiler for DEC-10 and DEC-20 users, developed for the serious Pascal implementor. PASCAL-PLUS extends standard features, removes many of the arbitrary restrictions appearing in standard PASCAL versions, and utilizes an advanced optimization design. New features, normally occurring in languages such as ADA, FORTRAN, and ALGOL, have been added lo increase programming power and flexibility. The PASCAL-PLUS compiler produces code that is 30-40 percent more compact than most standard compiler versions, with a corresponding increase in processing speed. PRES is an interactive personnel resource management system. PRES provides record keeping and record tracking for all employees, including such features as job history, benefits administration, compensation, and salary October 1982 Page 75 RSTSPROF'ESSIONALRSTSPROF'ESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONAUlST'SPROF'ESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROF'ESSIONAUlST'SPROFESSIONALRSTSPROF'ESSIONAUlST'SPROFESSIONALRSTSPROF'ESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSP history. Special government requirements, such as affirmative action reports, are met, as are regular corporate needs. PRES offers a powerful reporting function. This menu-driven system allows easy data entry, modification, and report selection. Dave Bray (PRES), Joe Rizzo (VUE), and John Enyedy (ACCENT R, PASCAL-PLUS) will be representing National Information Systems at Booth 432, waiting to demonstrate the power of these products. National Information Systems Inc., is headquartered at 20370 Town Center Lane, Cupertino, Calif. 95014. A FIRST FOR THE U.S. SOFTWARE INDUSTRY (at DEXPO/WEST 82)HINDITRON OFFSHORE SOFTWARE SERVICES . .. is the first time exhibition of a service that offers cost effective options to the software industry that will help you get more from your computer for less. HINDITRON's software development centre in Bombay, India, is geared to meet your specific requirements, using a wide range of computer and microprocessor systems. HINDITRON offers software services for developing Application Software, System Software, Process Control Software and Software Conversions on turnkey and contract basis. A multidisciplinary team of over one hundred software professionals has provided such services satisfactorily to DEC and DEC OEMs in the Asian, African and Middle-East regions. Now for the first time these services are offered to the U.S. software industry. For more information on HINDITRON OFFSHORE SOFTWARE SERVICES contact Harish Mehta, Director, HINDITRON COMPUTER SYSTEMS & CONSULTANTS PRIVATE LIMITED, Eros Bldg., 5th Floor, 42, M. K. Road, Bombay 400 020, India, Tel. No. 22-09-20. RSTS/ E NETWORKING SOFTWARE TO BE DEMONSTRATED AT DEXPO/ WEST Toronto, Canada - Digital Management Group Ltd . will demonstrate DMG / NET networking software for RSTS/ E users at DEXPO/ WEST. DMG, a DEC-oriented software and consulting company, developed DMG / NET as an effective and economical solution to today's complex networking problems. DMG/ NET provides a networking growth path as the user's needs grow, since network carriers from direct cable links through leased lines and auto-dial units to X.25 networks are supported in any combination. Thus a network that starts out as a simple 2 system link can grow to a multi system, multi-carrier network as and when required . "DMG / NET evolved out of a project for a client," says John Dightam, President of DMG. "Their need was for a communication network that would provide low cost interactive access from any of their head office terminals to a wide variety of DEC and non-DEC computers throughout Canada and the United States. They also needed low cost file transfer capability between their seven RSTS/ E sites across Canada. We were asked to provide all this, with the mandatory specification that no modifications be made to either the standard RSTS/ E system or their PDP-11 hardware, as supported py DEC." DMG / NET provides reliable, troublefree networking and takes advantage of the cost savings offered by X.25 networks, especially over long distances. DMG/NET interfaces with Tymnet, Telenet and overseas X.25 networks. Some users have found that they have cut their communication costs by as much as 90% . DMG/ NET provides two-way file transfer and interactive dialogue capabilities between a local RSTS/ E host and other RSTS/ E systems. Interactive communication with IBM and other non RSTS/ E systems is also possible, and file data can be transferred from non-RSTS to RSTS by use of the "log" option contained in DMG / NET. All this is accomplished using short, English language commands, which can be easily understood by non -computer personnel. The "alternate path" capability of DMG/ NET allows all available alternatives for network connection to be explored, including all outgoing ports, remote access numbers and different carriers, if these facilities are available on the computer. If a connection cannot be completed because all lines are in use, or because of a fault in the network or communications unit, DMB/ NET will describe the situation in an easily understood message displayed on the user's screen. When a network problem does occur, DMG/ NET diagnostic routines help pinpoint the problem quickly. Comprehensive usage statistics recorded by the sytem facilitate management of day-to-day traffic on the network. Through table -driven software, DMG / NET provides total interface and network flexibility. For example, as new micro-computers become available and are interfaced with the RSTS/ E host, DMG / NET can handle the dialogue requirement between the two central processors. DMG/ NET is available on either a perpetual license or a rental basis - both with comprehensive support plans. "We are really committed to support," says DMG President Dightam, "and we have designed DMG/ NET so that it lends itself to remote diagnosis. For example, from our Toronto office, we can reconfigure, diagnose faults, and load new versions into customer computers anywhere in the world - just as if they were in the next o f f i c e ." DMG / NET will be exhibited by DMG in Booth No. 125, at DEXPO/ WEST '82. For more information on DMG / NET, contact Ken Allsopp, Digital Management Group Ltd .. 4800 Yonge Street, Willowdale, Ontario, Canada M2N 6G5, Telephone: (416) 225-7788. RSTS/ E, PDP-11 and DEC are registered trademarks of Digital Equipment Corporation. DMG/ NET is a registered trademark of Digital Management Group Ltd. BRITTON-LEE INTRODUCES RELATIONAL DBMS FOR DEC VAX/ VMS Los Gatos CA - Britton-Lee, Inc. announces the introduction of the SYSTEM 300 and SYSTEM 600 relational database management systems for DEC computer systems. These products are for use with the VAX-111750 and VAX11/ 780 computers that use the VMS operating system. Additionally, versions of the SYSTEM 300/ 600 are available for use with PDP-11 and VAX-11 computers running the UNIX operating system. The heart of the SYSTEM 3001600 is the Britton-Lee Intelligent Database Machine (IDM). The IDM combines relational database management software with hardware designed specifically to perform database management at high speeds. Located between computer and disks, the IDM offloads the entire database management function from the computer. The low-priced SYSTEM 300 is ideally suited for medium demand VAX applications. The SYSTEM 600 is a higher performance product, making it an ideal match for high demand applications with large databases and many users. The SYSTEM 300 can control up to four SMD compatible disk drives for databases of up to 2. 7 billion bytes. The SYSTEM 600 controls up to sixteen disk drives for a maximum database size of 10.8 billion bytes. The SYSTEM 3001600 attaches to the VAX computer via a high speed IEEE-488 parallel interface. The SYSTEM 300/ 600 includes an IDM (mounted in a 40 inch cabinet), hardware to interface directly to the VAX UNIBUS adapter, and Support Software that runs under the VMS operating system. Also included is one year of software maintenance, which includes software updates and phone-in consulting. Additional software maintenance and hardware service contracts are available. Installation is available separately. Also included with the SYSTEM 3001600 is the Britton-Lee IDL Query Page 76 October 1982 RSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRST'SPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSP Language. This user-friendly query language allows unskilled users to easily access and modify SYSTEM 300/ 600 databases. Included for application programming, is a runtime subroutine library that allows VAX-1 FORTRAN and COBOL programs, and "C" programs to access SYSTEM 300/60 databases. Optional VMS precompilers allow IDL commands to be embedded in VAX-11 FORTRAN and COBOL programs, and "C" programs. Database administration utilities, which allow for backup, crash recovery and bulk loading of data, are included in the standard product. A unique feature of the SYSTEM 3001600 is that it can be connected to several computers simultaneously. This allows multiple VAX computers to use it as a centralized database resource. The optional SYSTEM 300/600 Interface Package provides this feature. The Britton-Lee SYSTEM 300 and SYSTEM 600 can be ordered beginning June 1, 1982. The SYSTEM 300 is priced starting at $62,900 and the SYSTEM 600 starts at $85,300. The SYSTEM 300/ 600 Interface Package that allows the System 300/ 600 to be connected to additional VAX computers is available for $15,800. Pricing for the UNIX versions of the SYSTEM 300/600 is the same. A public demonstration of the SYSTEM 3001600 will be held at DEXPO West. · For more information: Phil Amend, Vice-President, Marketing, Britton-Lee, Inc. Kathy Shadley, Marketing Administrator, Britton-Lee, Inc. 408/ 3787000. Intelligent Database Machine, IDM, and IDL are registered trademarks of BrittonLee, Inc. DEC, VAX, VMS, PDP and UNIBUS are registered trademarks of Digital Equipment Corporation. CAMBEX AT DEXPO IN DECEMBER Waltham MA - Cambex Corporation will be announcing new memory products for the DEC VAX-111780* and VAX11/ 750* series of processors at "The Second National DEC-Compatible Exposition (DEXPOJ" . Cambex has been a supplier of OEM memories for over a decade and will exhibit its UNIBUS and Q -Bus compatible memories along with the new VAX products. Additionally, there will be an add-on version of their semiconductor RK05* emulator disk. All of the products have gained wide acceptance in varied applications areas and across the PDP-11 · and LSI-11 * families. Many users have boasted of significant increases in performance, since the products are utilizing 64K dynamic RAMS and the highest quality components and manufacturing facilities available. The Cambex Booth is "232. Any inquiries can be made to Mini/Micro Marketing Department (617) 890-6000. *Registered Trademarks of Digital Equipment Corporation. COMPLETE DATA ANALYSIS SYSTEM FOR VAX ANNOUNCED Nashville TN - S&H Computer Systems, Inc. has introduced INDASrM (Integrated Data Analysis System), the first complete data analysis system for Digital Equipment Corporation VAX/ VMS systems. What Is INDAS INDASrM (Integrated Data :Analysis System) is a complete data analysis system for Digital Equipment Corporation VAX/ VMS systems. In one integrated system INDASrM provides (1) databases facilities (including the ability to sort, merge, update and join databases); (2) a complete programming language; (3) a matrix manipulation language; (4) powerful statistical analysis procedures including the General Linear Model. Although a number of products are available for the VAX that provide programming languages or database access or statistical analysis, INDASrM provides all of these features in a single integrated system. Using INDASrM, the data analyst performs the complete analysis from the raw data to the final printed results within the INDASrM system. The database, programming language and plotting and charting facilities make INDASrM a flexible system well suited to a broad range of applications in science and business. INDASrM Database INDASrM features relational database capabilities. The MERGE statement implements the relational join operator, linking data from several data sets by a common key. The UP-DATE statement applies transaction records to a master file. The IF, KEEP and DROP statements implement subsetting by records and variables. Taken together, these statements allow users to maintain and extract data with a minimum of programming. INDASrM Programming Language INDASrM provides a complete programming language that includes structured programming facilities, subprograms, numeric and character data types, matrices, as well as statements for selecting, merging, dating and joining data sets. Because the language compiler is part of the INDASrM system, it is not necessary to compile and link programs separately. A powerful set of intrinsic functions is part of the programming language. In addition to the usual mathematical and transcendental functions, INDASrM provides functions to perform operations such as computing probability functions, character string manipulation, and slate name and zip code conversion. Operations on character strings include the ability to extract or alter substrings, determination of the length of a string, concatenation of two or more strings, location of one string within another and removal of selected characters. INDASrM also provides character-string matrices. INDASrMl Matrix Manipulation Language In addition to a conventional programming language, INDASrM provides a complete matrix manipulation language. This facility is similar in power to APL but does not require a special terminal. The matrix manipulation language allows matrix variables, constants and functions. The allocation of memory space for matrices is completely dynamic and automatic. Arithmetic expressions involving matrices can be written as simply and directly as those involving scalars. For example, if X is a matrix variable, the following statement computes the inverse of the matrix resulting from the product of the transpose of X with X: Y = INV (X.. X) Matrix operators available in the language include: addition, subtraction, matrix multiplication, scalar multiplication, transpose, horizontal concatenation, vertical concatenation, comparison and summation over selected rows and columns. Generalized subscripts allow access to single matrix elements or sections of the matrix. Intrinsic matrix functions include: inverse, generalized inverse (MoorePenrose), determinant, singular value decomposition, solution of linear equations, sweep operator, transcendental functions and probability funtions . INDASrM General Linear Model The General Linear Model procedure analyzes data within the framework of an arbitrary linear statistical model. This procedure is exceptionally comprehensive, encompassing in a unified setting: e Analysis of Variance (A NOVA) e Regression e Analysis of Covariance (COANOVA) e Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) The syntax is simple yet powerful, paralleling the notation used to describe linear models. A particular strength of the General Linear Model is its ability to accept unbalanced data, which allows analysis of the type of data frequently encountered in applications but which cannot be analyzed with traditional methods. INDASrM Statistical Procedures INDASrM has a comprehensive set of procedures for statistical analysis. This October 1982 Page 77 RSTSPAOFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSP 1111111111111111111111111111111 1111111111111111111111111111111 1111111111111111111111111111111 THE NEW BRITTON-LEE SYSTEM 300 AND SYSTEM 600 (SYSTEM 600 shown) BRING HIGH-PERFORMANCE RELATIONAL DATABASE MANAGEMENT TO DEC VAX COMPUTER USERS. includes descriptive and univariate statistical analysis; analysis of variance for balanced and unbalanced designs; non -parametric analysis of variance; ttests; probit analysis; linear models for catagorical data; multiple, stepwise and non-linear regression; autoregression; correlation (Pearson, Spearman and Kendall), canonical correlation; discriminant analysis; cluster analysis; and factor analysis. Graphics facilities include procedures for generating curve and contour plots, bar charts, pie charts, star charts and block charts. INDASrM is Extensible INDASrM users can write procedures to be incorporated the the INDASTM system and called just as the standard INDASTM procedures. This allows a flexible and convenient way to develop specialized analyses. All of the database and programming features of INDASTM can provide the input to a user-written procedure. INDASrM Is Another Quality Product From S&H S&H Computer Systems, Inc. has been developing high quality system software for Digital Equipment Corporation computers since 1976. In addition to INDASTM, S&H has developed the popular TSX-PlusTM operating system, the high -performance COBOL-PlusTM compiler and the versatile RTSORTTM disk sort program. S&H products are in use at over 3,000 sites in more than 25 countries. S&H plans to deliver the first INDASrM systems early in 1983. Please address domestic sales inquiries to Gary Manookian, and all other inquiries to Richard Dohrmann, Vice President, at S&H Computer Systems, Inc. 1027 17th Avenue S., Nashville, Tennessee 37212, (615) 327-3670, Telex 786577 S&H NAS. ADVANCED SOFTWARE PRODUCTS announces QSORT Version 3.0 Lathrup Village, MI - Advanced Software Products has developed a sort utility, QSORT, that uses the operating system's efficiency - not the programmer's - to sort large quantities of data and merge unsorted files. QSORT Version 3 .1 with expanded file sorting capacity, will be released for the first time at DEXPO / WEST 82. Meanwliile, QSORT, Version 3.0, to be released October 1st, 1982, now lets programmers get on with the business of programming systems instead of programming sorts. Performance QSORT is a high performance sort utility developed for the PDP-11 computers utilizing CTS-500/ RSTS-E operating systems. Written completely in PDP-11 MACRO enables QSORT to take full advantage of the powerful features of the operating system. Programmers no longer have to build, translate and compile a sort file; QSORT allows the programmer to describe the sort with a SINGLE command line. Efficiency QSORT has been developed and installed over a two year period in institutions where large volumes of data are sorted for daily and monthly reporting . To enhance speed performance, QSORT was developed as a run-time system utility-only the data swaps in and out, not the program. The program will only swap in-never out. This is due to the fact that the code is fixed and need not be saved . QSORT is reentrant; only one copy of the program is ever loaded into memory no matter how many users are concurrently utilizing QSORT. Generally, QSORT requires 1.5 times the input file for work space. This space can be allocated to any random access device supported by the system it is running on. Enhanced In addition to high performance and efficiency, the three major features of the newest version of QSORT (Version 3 .0) gives QSORT file sorting capacity that supports 216 blocks of data with any number of records. QSORT is also capable of merging two unsorted files into a single sorted file. And, QSORT can handle fixed length, no-span, unformatted ASCII files as typically used by BASICPLUS programmers. Page78 October 1982 RST'SPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSl'SPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRST'SPROFESSIONALRSl'SPROFESSIONALRST'SPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRST'SPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSP Features QSORT is flexible and may be called by any language which supports "core common". Upon successful completion, QSORT can be chained to execute another program. Enhanced speed performance, full RSX11 compatability, and auto attribute recognition for RMS-11 sequential files round out the additional enhancements of QSORT Version 3.0. An optional SORTG/GSORT processor allows QSORT to be substituted for most DIBOL or MCBA sorts without any user program modifications. A vailability QSORT Version 3.0 is available for $1,200.00. Marketed exclusively by ADVANCED SOFTWARE PRODUCTS, further information, including a 7-day trial DEMO, may be obtained by calling or writing: Advanced Software Products, 28690 Southfield Rd., Suite 291, Lathrup Village, MI 48076 (313) 569-5570. SOFTOOL2 CHANGE AND CONFIGURATION CONTROL (CCCrM) Goleta CA - SOFTOOL CORPORATION is pleased to announce the release of its change and configuration control (CCCrM) environment, a new product to be exhibited for the first time at DEXPOrM/ WEST 82. For a long time, software managers and programmers alike have been waiting for a software tool that would allow them to automatically keep track of all software and documentation changes and versions. CCCTM fulfills this need in a most impressive manner. CCCTM can reconstruct software and documents upon demand! CCCTM is a comprehensive system for the management of software changes and configuration control. It is an interactive tool with an easy-to-use interface. It supports, in addition to automatic program reconstruction, impact of change reports, access control, archiving, compression, encryption, automatic backup and recovery, as well as other powerful features. It includes an editor, and provides interactive tutorials that facilitate training. CCCTM can handle programs written in any programming language. CCCrM is part of SOFTOOL2, which is an integrated set of tools for software management, development, and maintenance. CCCTM is available, off-the-shelf, for the DEC VAX computer. A permanent license for CCCrM, including one year maintenance, costs $30,000. Various lease plans are also available. SOFTOOL2 products can be seen at Booth 230 at the DexporM/West 82 Convention. ZIA AT BOOTH 604 Morris Plains, NJ - Zia Corporation, a vendor of DEC compatible utility software, announced today that the following products will be exhibited in Booth 604 at DEXPO 82. Zia Back/Rest ... a full incremental backup and restore utility for users of RT11, TSX and TSX Plus. Operates on all supported random access devices and handles multi-volume backups automatically. Zia RIFLE ... designed to facilitate the transfer of files between two PDP-11 computers, hard wired or through dial-up lines, using the RT-11 operating system. Files transferred may be of any type, including source, data, object, or binary. Zia Virtual Terminal ... Permits RT-11, TSX or TSX plus users to establish a connection between his local computer and nearly any remote time-sharing system. The user then may interact with the remote computer using his local terminal or transmit files in either direction. A simple control language offers many options including transmission speed control and automatic call placement and termination. For further information please contact Glenn Burnett at (201) 328-7177. COMPATIBLE HARDWARE & SOFTWARE FOR DEC PERSONAL COMPUTERS AMONG NEW PRODUCTS TO BE FEATURED AT DEXPO WEST 82, ANAHEIM, DEC. 7-9 Anaheim CA - Although dozens of vendors are planning major DECcompatible product introductions as part of their exhibits in DEXPO WEST 82, it appears that the introductions that will generate the most excitement and industry-wide interest will be the products designed to be used with Digital Equipment Corporation's personal computers. "Right now, the biggest customers for DEC's personal computers are the people already using larger DEC machines, and they're eager to discover the full range of hardware and software available for the personal computers," stated Larry Hollander, president of Expoconsul International, Inc. "Since every single one of the 8,000 or so executives attending DEXPO West 82 will come from companies now using DEC systems, the Show will be the focal point of their personal computer buying decisions. To accommodate this interest in the personal computer compatibles, exhibitors offering these products will be identified by a special sign. "We are taking every step to help the DECcompatible industry communicate and prosper," Hollander added. DEXPO WEST 82 - The Second National DECCompatible Industry Exposition - will be held at the Anaheim Convention Center, Anaheim, CA, December 7-9, 1982. The Show was recently expanded to make room for 250 exhibiting companies that will occupy 300 exhibit booths. Twice the size of DEXPO 82 held last May, DEXPO WEST 82 will be the world's largest, most comprehensive exhibition of DEC-compatibles in history. For additional inform_ation, contact Larry Hollander, president, Expoconsul International, Inc., 19 Yeger Road, Cranbury, NJ 08512; call (609) 7991661. PRODUCT NOTES & UPDATES SOUTHERN SYSTEMS ANNOUNCES PLAN TO BEGIN OEM SALES OF INTERFACES Fort Lauderdale, FL - Southern Systems, Inc. (SSI), add-on printer company, has announced the start of a new OEM sales program for SSl-developed and manufactured computer-printer interfaces. The OEM program of interface sales will be an addition to the company's servicing of end-users with complete line printer systems using the newest technologies in speed ranges of 200 to 1600 lines per minute. In the interface sales program, OEMs, system houses, distributors and other volume users will receive quantity purchase prices that range from $200 to $2,000 depending on the type of computer interfacing required. Southern Systems designs and manufacturers line printer interfaces and controllers for all Digital Equipment Corporation computers as well as for Data General, Interdata, Texas Instruments, Hewlett-Packard, IBM and Burroughs. SSI also makes a wide range of serial communication interfaces, both synchronous and asynchronous, including those compatible with IBM protocols 2780/3780, Burroughs, Univac and NTR. The company is located at 2841 Cypress Creek Road, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33309, (305) 979-1000. WHY SYSTEMS RELEASES DECISION SUPPORT TOOL FOR DEC COMPUTERS Redmond, WA - A new decision support system has been released by WHY Systems Inc. The DIGICALCrM package was designed for Digital Equipment Corporation computers, and is currently available on VAX using the VAX/ VMS operating system and on PDP-11 systems running under RSTS/ E or CTS-500. DIGICALC is an interactive, CRToriented planning and forecasting tool used by accountants, engineers, managers, executives, scientists and October 1982 Page 79 RSTSPROF'ESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONAlRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONAlRSTSP others who want to a utomate their number processing needs. Both simple and complex numeric calculations can be quickly and easily performed, giving the user more time to work on other matters. "Increased productivity is the key," said Wayne Yarnall, President of WHY Systems. "DIGICALC is designed to give key personnel the answers to complex problems quickly, so that they can make important decisions with the best possible data at their fingertips ." Yarnall added, "An investment in DIGICALC gives your top people additional leverage, and it has a payback period that can be measured in days or weeks, not months or years ." The most common uses of DIGICALC are for budgeting and financial modeling. An accounting worksheet is displayed on the video screen. A simple model might consist of budget descriptions down the left-hand column, headings for twelve months across the top, with totals for each month, and cross totals for each budget category. Data can be entered directly onto the screen by the user, or it can come from an external source such as an existing General Ledger system on the same computer. In a modeling session, any of the factors that make up the model can be chanaed. and the entire model can be immediately viewed from the new prospective. This "What if" capability is especially helpful to the business manager . The manager can say "What if sales drop 3 .8 percent, and inflation increases 1.2 percent per month for the next six months." The new scenario will be displayed, and the results are available to continue the modeling process. Worksheets can be prepared for individual departments, and can be consolidated into divisional and organization-wide models. After all the interactive modeling is complete, DIGICALC will print reports that can be used throughout the organization. The product can be used effectively in any environment with the proper operating system. DIGICALC is completely self-contained, and no extracost system hardware or software options are required in order to use it. Facilities for transfering data into and out of DIGICALC for use with other computer applications are provided. WHY Systems, Inc. specializes in the development of software for DEC computer systems. Its offices are located at 16902 Redmond Way; ·Redmond, Wash. 98052; tel. (206) 881-2331. DIGITAL PRODUCTS REPAIR CENTER BROCHURE FROM RELIANCE ELECTRIC Cleveland, OH - A new four-page illustrated brochure describing how the Reliance Electric Digital Products Repair Center provides fast, reliable repair, exchange or replacement of PC Boards and related equipment is now available. The file-size brochure points out that the Digital Products Repair Center is equipped to solve every possible kind of PC Board problem through the use of advanced state-of-the art equipment and instrument calibration procedures. PC Boards can be diagnosed and tested under simulated operating conditions, including heat and humidity environmental simulations, plus no-load and full-load.testing. Explained in the brochure, containing photos of troubleshooting and testing procedures, is that the Center's capabilities include repair of PC Boards from Reliance® and Toledo® equipment plus AutoMate® Programmable Controllers, computer and computer interface systems, and UDACrM Programmable Process Controllers. Repair service is also furnished for computer and control equipment made by Digital Equipment Corp., Data General and GRI. Noted is that 10-day service is normal but emergency repairs can be made in 24 hours. Also described is the Reliance Electric parts exchange program for selected AutoMate Programmable Controller components which gives users immediate repair service to minimize equipment downtime, and the AutoMate CRT Programmer Rental System for reducing programming costs. To obtain a copy of the new Digital Produces Repair Center Brochure - H2661-2 - write to Reliance Electric Company, 24701 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44117. DIGITAL EQUIPMENT TO MARKET INTERNATIONALLY RAXCO RABBIT SOFTWARE Atlanta, GA - RAXCO Inc. announces an international marketing agreement with Digital Equipment. Under the terms of the agreement, Digital Equipment Australia Ply Limited will market and support RAXCOs "Diq-ital t.ested" RABBIT Software on an exclusive basis throughout Australia and New Zealand. Negotiations to provide similar services throughout Europe are expected to be concluded shortly. RAXCO will continue to directly provide RABBIT Software throughout North America. In the July 1982 issue of "digital news" Digital is quoted as follows : "Digital is pleased to announce a new program designed to make it easier for customers to obtain some of the Software written by third parties in Australia, New Zealand and Overseas. "This worldwide program was established in response to the many requests made by customers to Digital, especially in countries such as Australia and New Zealand. Customers had expressed a concern at DECUS Meetings and in their Survey responses to Software Services, that it was expensive and time consuming to obtain Software Applications packages written by Software Houses and by major customers in Europe and the U.S.A. It was not easy for them to evaluate packages remotely or to negotiate an agreement for their purchase. They were also concerned about local support for these packages. "In addition, many customers have developed software which they believe to be of a high enough quality to be marketed. They asked Digital to use its extensive marketing capabilities to make these Applications Packages available to Digital's customer base worldwide. "The Digital Application Software Library has been setup by Digital to provide customers with access to packages developed locally and overseas by software houses and by customers." RABBIT Software is available for DEC computers running VMS, RSTS/ E and soon-to-be-announced RSXX-1 lm plus. RABBIT-1 Software provides system resource accounting, auditing and billing reports. RABBIT-2 Software provides graphic system ·performance analysis through an interactive command language. RABBIT-3 Software is a job accounting and monitor program for RSTS/ E systems. RABBIT-4 Software is a computer security system for users and data files under RSTS/ E. RABBIT-5 Software is a high speed file backup and restore system for VMS. Over 500 RABBIT Systems have been installed worldwide in the past two years, including England, Ireland, Germany, France, Australia, South Africa, Mexico, Canada and the U.S.A. For more information contact: RAXCO Inc., Suite 200, 6520 Powers Ferry Road, Atlanta, Georgia 30339; U.S.A., Telephone: (404) 955-2553; TWX 810766-2256; Telex 54-2659. NEW PRODUCTS CABLESHARE ANNOUNCES ADVANCED MARKET RESEARCH TOOL London, Ontario - Cablesha re, Inc. announces Surveyor, a unique approach to automated market research. Stand-alone units with both Telidon & Videodisc prompt consumers to answer questions by touching a pressure sensitive screen. This approach is faster, more accurate and can handle a greater volume of da ta cheaper than other interviewing techniques. The full video with sound option will allow pretesting of T.V. commercials and new products. The Telidon images will match conventional questionnaires but Page BO October 1982 RSTSPROF'ESSIONALRSTSPROF'ESSJONALRSTSPROF'ESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROF'ESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROF'ESSIONALRSTSPROF'ESSIONALRSTSPROF'ESSJONALRSTSPROF'ESSIONALRSTSPROF'ESSIONALRSTSP with full colour and computer-provided questions. Researchers can branch to different questions based on the consumer's response. Product discount coupons or vouchers can be automatically printed at the end of an interview as a gift for co-operation. Cableshare Inc. is a public company which develops computer information systems, software products and Telidon business systems and markets them in Canada, the United States and abroad. INNOVATIVE ELECTRONICS OFFERS IBM 3270 BSC CONVERSION Miami, FL - Innovative Electronics, Inc. has announced the MC-80/ 600-01 communications processor. Emulating an IBM 3274-51C communications controller running configuration support level A, this device converts an inexpensive DEC VT-100 compatible terminal into a full function IBM 3277-1, 3277-2, 3278-1, 3278-2 terminal communicating with the IBM host using the EBCIDIC binary synchronous communications (BSC) protocol. Economical asynchronous ASCII terminals such as the DEC VT-100 can be used in both local and dial -up applications. Full screen mapping is performed by the MC-80/ 600-01 : data displayed on the asynchronous ASCII terminal will be the same as an IBM 3277/ 3278 display station, with virtual screen sizes of 480, 960, and 1920 characters. All screen formatting capabilities are supported. These include protected or unprotected alphanumeric, numeric, and non-display fields, character highlighting, and auto-tabbing. All keyboard functions are supported including vertical and horizontal cursor movement, erase, insert, delete 24 program function (PF) and program access (PA) keys. Status information is displayed in English at the bottom of the display. Maintainabiity of the unit is dramatically increased by the extensive on and off line diagnostics. Diagnostic indications, provided through a seven segment display, include indications of the device being polled or selected and transmission errors. Off-line diagnostics are executed when the system is powered on, as well as when initiated by the operator. The CPU, ROM, RAM, and data paths are always tested . Operator initiated tests include the exercise of attached peripheral devices or "canned" messages to and from ·attached processors. A third level of testing is provided through test connectors, which connect outputs to inputs, completely testing every interface signal. These diagnostics enable the clerical operator to easily isolate failures to the commuincations processor, mode, or terminal device allowing the system vendor to reduce the cost to maintain the system through initial telephone assistance. This stand alone self powered micro-communica!ions processor provides up to 16K of ROM, 16K of RAM, and two serial communications ports. The price for the basic unit is $1745.00. A model sharing port is optional. Delivery is from stock to 30 days. An additional port, allowing two independent terminal devices to be supported is $250.00 additional and will be available this fall. NEW MDB MODEM CONTROL BOARD DOES ITS OWN TROUBLESHOOTING Orange, CA - A new asynchronous serial interface with model control for LSI-11 based systems will be introduced by MDB Systems, Inc., the world's largest independent manufacturer of interface products. The interface is completely compatible with the DEC CLVll-E and, at the same time, offers a number of significant features which are not present on the DEC board. Notable among these is a troubleshooting capability. The single line RS-232-C interface is designated the MLSI-DLVll-ED, and it is appropriate for a wide range of modem oriented applications. Among its unique features are device addressing, and interrupt vectors which are switch selectable for operating convenience. Data rates from 50 to 19.2K baud are both switch and program selectable. To assure complete functionability in contemporary systems, the MDB board has four level interrupt capability which is jumper selectable. VAX USERS GET A REMOTE, INTERACTIVE TRAINING TOOL Provo, UT - Clyde Digital Systems, Inc., a principal supplier of application software, announces DEMO, a stand alone utility package for interactive user training and trouble-call support under VAX/ VMS. The product also provides a framework for remote software demonstration. VMS software vendors can now demonstrate software and support customers without expensive traveling. DEMO is also invaluable to any VAX site which supports remote users. The DEMO product is similar in function to the popular CONTRL program currently running under the RSTS/ E operating system. This new product runs entirely in VAX native mode and gives users system support never before available under VMS. DEMO allows an authorized support manager to watch any terminal on the system, remote or local. This includes seeing all user keystrokes and computer response. This is invaluable in training and consulting situations where the user needs advice or assistance with computer interaction. The program even allows the support manager to insert input from his terminal as though he were the user. This input as well as the computer's response is echoed to the user's terminal. DEMO captures in a log file the events of the entire session . All input whether from the support manager's terminal, the user's terminal, or the computer, is identified. This provides the user valuable documentation for future referenece. Product information may be obtained from : Mary at: (801) 224-5306, 3707 N. Canyon Road, Suite 3-E, Provo, UT 84604. TERMINAL 2 TEAMNAL ' RESET ·OIAG ··· October 1982 Page81 RSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSP NEW ASYNCHRONOUS SERIAL INTERFACE MODULE WITH MODEM CONTROL FOR LSI-11 AND LSI-11 / 23 BASED COMPUTERS. MLSI-DLVll-ED. (FROM MDB) EMULEX INTRODUCES STATCON SERIES 21 MULTIPLEXER THAT ADDS PORT CONCENTRATION FOR REMOTE DEVICES Santa Ana, CA - Emulex Corporation today introduced a unique communications product line that for the first time combines both standard host computer multiplexing and remote statistical port concentration capabilities in a single interface module. The new STATCON SERIES 21 Multiplexer/ Port Concentrator takes advantage of the company's CS21 series host multiplexers and adds special microprogramming to provide the demultiplexing capabilities required to funnel remotely concentrated data into a single computer RS-232 port. Up to 32 local and/or remote lines may be connected to any DEC PDP-11 or VAX-11 computer system using just a single backplane slot and without any user modification of standard software. Each remote link plugs into one of the 16 local RS-232 ports and the remaining number of RS-232 ports may be allocated to local. asynchronous line applications. "The object in using any statistical data concentrator is to reduce telephone line costs by sharing one line among several remote terminals," explained William Dollar, Emulex product manager for communications. "In the past, this was accomplished by having a statistical concentrator at each end of the communications link; but this meant that at the CPU end there were as many local ports and cables between the CPU and the local concentrator as there were remote terminal interfaces. While the number of phone lines was reduced, the user paid for a full local concentrator and host multiplexer capabilities. "Users would obviously prefer to interface the composite communication line directly into the CPU through a single high speed data channel, thus using only one port," he continued. "This previously presented a problem because a complex customer software package had to be developed to handle all aspects of multiplexing, demultiplexing, error handling, line initialization and synchronization, and remote concentrator configuration. Very few users could justify this kind of effort, even in view of the hardware cost savings. "The new CS2 l / MX host multiplexer and its companion CM22/ EX local statistical port concentrator have been programmed by Emulex to provide all of these demultiplexing functions in a manner which is completely transparent to the DEC system's existing operating software," he said. "Now the network user can reduce total system hardware and also free up available RS-232 ports for other uses without having to make a substantial software development effort. "In addition, the CM22/EX is protocol compatible with the standard Micro800/2 and the Micro8000/2 remote data concentrators made by Micom Systems, Inc. Existing or potential users of these Micom products may therefore avail themselves of this capability without any remote concentrator modification," Dollar said_ The CSM21/MX is offered with either DHl 1 or DZl 1 emulations for use with PDP-11 or VAX-11 computer systems made by DEC. Both are transparent under all PDP-11 Operating Systems and the DZl 1 version is transparent under VAX/VMS. Emulex also supports the DHll emulation under VAX/VMS with its own software to give users a higher performance alternative than the DZl 1 version. "The CS21/MX computer interface plays an important role in the task of port concentration since it acts as the interpreter between the h.ost computer and the local port concentrator," Dollar added. "On the port concentrator side, it is responsible for multiplexing and demultiplexing of data, for modem control, for handling data rate changes, for monitoring link error status, for providing a local/remote diagnostic loopback, and for control of data flow. On the CPU side, it makes the local and remote mix of lines appear to be two functional DH 11 asynchronous line multiplexers; or, in the case of the DZll emulation, it appears as four separate DZl 1 asynchronous line multiplexers. This means the operating system does not have to be patched or otherwise modified for concentration applications." A single remote link configuration consists of the CS21 / MX controller, a 16port RS-232 Distribution Panel, and a CM22 / EX Port Concentrator. An additional CM22 / EX is added for each remote link; each CM22/ EX plugs into one of the local RS-232 ports. Unused RS232 ports may be used for local asynchronous lines, provided the total number of local plus remote channels does not exceed 32. The CM22/ EX Port Concentrator can be ordered with or without integral modems. Standard Micom Micro800/ 2 and/or 8000/ 2 statistical concentrators are used at the remote end of each link. The user defines through the communication I/O driver whether modem control will be a function of the remote channels or not. If it is not defined, the CM22 / EX will not pass modem information to or from the remote PageBZ October 1982 RST'SPROFESSIONAIJlSTSPAOFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPAOFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSP concentrator. If it is defined, the CS21/ MX will inform the local port concentrator and the modem signal states for each remote channel on the link will be passed through the CM22/ EX transparently. These passed signals then serve as the status or action elements to and from the communication 1/0 driver. Individual channel data rate changes are passed through the CM22/ EX to the remote data concentrator. Standard DHll and DZll data rates are supported in the corresponding emulation. Link status is sent by the CM22/ EX Port Concentrator to the CS21/ MX for error reporting to the 110 driver. Data flow is generally controlled by the CM22 / EX. which also monitors buffer status of the remote concentrator. Each channel may control data flow, however, through the normal XON/ XOFF function. During extremely busy CPU periods, the CS21/MX can also control the incoming data flow from the CM22/ EX to the host. "The CM22/ EX Port Concentrator also serves several important functions in management of the communication link and the remote concentrator," Dollar noted. "It is responsible for all error control of data and transfers only errorfree data blocks to the host computer. It also handles data buffering requirements, initialization and synchronization of the communication link, and configuration of the remote terminal concentrator to establish data rates and code levels for each channel." A minimum STATCON SERIES 21 configuration includes a single CS21/ MX computer interface PC board, a CP21 16-port distribution panel, and a CM22/ EX statistical port concentrator without model. List price for this capability is $6,300. Additional port concentrators may be added at a list price of $2,200, without modem capability. Emulex also provides the remote Micom-compatible statistical concentrators with 4-16 channels, with or without integral modems, at standard established prices. Like all other Emulex products, these new units may be combined in the company's mix-and-match OEM volume purchase plan to qualify for pricing discounts. Emulex will market and support the STATCON SERIES 21 products both directly and through certain of its authorized dealers. CP/ M* MICRO CO-PROCESSORS FOR THE DEC* UNIBUS AND Q-BUS Berkeley, CA - Virtual Microsystems Inc. announced today the release of the zBoard micro co-processor for the UNIBUS and Q-Bus. The z-Board works with VMl's product THE BRIDGE Virtual Microcomputer System, to provide a complete virtual CP/ .M environment on a VAX, PDP-11, or LSI-11 minicomputer. The UNIBUS version of the z-Board features 4 z-80 micro-processors and a full 256 kbytes of memory, along with a bit slice state machine which handles the bus interface. The Q-Bus version is similar, but may be populated with 1 to 4 October 1982 Page 83 RSTSPROFESSIONALRST'SPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRST'SPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRST'SPROFESSIONALRST'SPROFESSIONALRST'SPROFESSIONALRST'SPROFESSIONALRST'SPROFESSIONALRST'SPROFESSIONALRST'SP z-80's . Each of the z-80's operates independently, providing each BRIDGE user with full microcomputer functionality at any of the attached terminals. A BRIDGE user begins a session by running THE BRIDGE as a task under VMS, RSX, RSTS, RT-11, or UNIX. THE BRIDGE first tests to see if a z-80 is available on the z-Board . If one is available, the user is "attached" to it. From that point on, the user feels as though his terminal is a fast CP/ M microcomputer using hard disk. He can then run any of the programs in the vast CP/ M software library . If a slot on the zBoard is not available (any number of zBoards can be added to a system), the user is '"attached" to THE BRIDGE simulator, which performs all calculations in software. THE BRIDGE handles all 110, disk storage, printing, and communications. The system also makes use of "virtual floppy disks," files on the hard disk which are like a CP/ M floppy disk. THE BRIDGE Virtual Microcomputer System, complete with z-Board, helps the information manager to manage the proliferation of microcomputers. A virtual microcomputer is available to any person on the system at anytime, yet the files are not distributed among various incompatible devices. A virtual microcomputer system can help reduce the costs of hardware significantly, and provide a much more integrated data processing environment. THE BRIDGE and z-Board combination are extraordinarily cost-effective; each slot on the z-Board costs around $1000 - far less than a "low-end" personal computer; yet THE BRIDGE provides hard disk, access to the fast system printers, and is integrated into an already existing, professionally managed system. THE BRIDGE and z-Board are available now for the full range of DEC computers under all the major DEC operating systems. THE BRIDGE costs between $1000-$3500 depending on the size of the minicomputer; each UNIBUS z-Board costs $4000 - Q-Bus versions vary between $1250 and $3500 depending on the number of installed microcomputers. THE BRIDGE and z-Board are trademarks of Virtual Microsystems Inc . CP/ M is a trademark of Digital Research. DEC, RSX, VMS, RT-11, RSTS, and VAX are trademarks of Digital Equipment Corporation . · Occasionally we are requested to print news that may be ofInterest to the RSTS community. We are happy to offer thls feature to our readers. We reserve the right to print only as time and space permit. We cannot return photos or manuscripts. Send news releases to' RSTS News Release. P.O. Box 361. Ft. Washington. PA 19034-0361. HELPHELPHELPHELPHELPHELPHELPHELPHELPHELPHELPHELPHELPHELPHELPHELPHELPHELPHELPHELPHELPHELPHELPHELPHELPHELPHELPH d ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ m f ~ ~ m ~ ~ ~ m ~ ~ w ~ ~::c ~ ~ ~ HELP m r ~ ~ ~ m ~ w ~ m r ~ ~ I NEEDED I ~ ~ w r ::c ~ ~ w ~ :m:c r ::c ~ ~ w ~ :m:c r ::c g The RSTS PRO with Carl e ~ ~ ~ :m:c ~ and Dave is trying to put ~ ::c ~ ~ ~ together a working PDP- ~::c w r ~ 11 /20 running RSTS V4A. ~ ~ ~ :m:c W r ::c ~ ~ ~ :m:c W r ::c ~ g This was the first PDP- e ~ ~ m::c W ~ 11 to run RSTS and we think ~ r ::c ~ ~ ::c ~ it would make a nice addition ~ ~ m W r i::c to the DEC Computer ~ ~ ~ m ~ Museum (if they accept it). ~ ::c ~ ~ ~ :m:c W r ::c ~ ~ ~ :m:c W r ~ We need documentation ~ ::c ~ ~ ~ for Version 4, as well as any ~:m~:c ::c ~ g SYSGEN-related information. e ~ ~ w ~ If you have any or know :m:c ~ r t ~ where some is, please ::c ~ w r ~ contact us at 21 S-542-7008. ~ ~ ~ :m:c ~ Thank you. ~ ::c ~ w ~ :m~ :c r ::c ~ ~ ~ :m:c W r ~ Carl & Dave ~ ::c ~ ~ w ~ :m:c r ::c ~ ~ ~ :m:c W r ::c ~ ~ ~ :m:c W r ::c ~ w ~ :m~:c r ~ ~ ~ m W r ::c ~ ~ ~ :m:c W r ~ ~ 13Hd13Hd13Hd13Hd13Hd13Hd13Hd13Hd13 Hdl3Hdl3Hd13Hd13 Hd13Hd13Hd13Hdl3Hd13Hd13Hd13 Hdl3Hd13Hd13Hd13Hdl3Hd13Hd13P. d~ Page84 October 1982 RSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROF'ESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROF'ESSIONAL.RSTSPROF'ESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSPROF'ESSIONAL.RSTSPROFESSIONALRSTSP VAX PERFORMANCE NOTES . . . continued from page 49 5 4 Vczl 0 3 !;:! Vl 2 0 4 8 12 16 20 NUMBER OF INTERACTIVE USERS THIS WORKLOAD DEMONSTRATES THAT FOR THE 111730 1 MB IS TOO LITTLE MEMORY. 2 MB IS ADEQUATE UP TO 16 USERS AND THAT THE CPU HAS THE POWER TO SUPPORT 3 MB. 7 6 5 Vc z l 0 4 I Ill "' 3 I I 2 I I ---- / / · · · · · 0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40 44 48 52 56 60 64 NUMBER OF INTERACTIVE USERS THE 111780 CONTINUES TO SUPPORT MORE USERS UP TO 6 MB. BUT 8 MB DOESN'T SEEM TO HELP AT ALL. 1400 1200 aV:l ::::> :0:r: 1000 ..... zVl 800 0 V<uzt:=l 600 ~ 400 I- 200 1 MB --2 MB 3 MB 4 MB 6 MB 8 MB 0 4 8 12 16 20 NUMBER OF INTERACTIVE USERS THIS SUPPORTS OUR CONTENTION THAT 2-3 MB IS A BETTER MEMORY SIZE FOR THE 111730. 6 5 I Vczl 4 0 u w Vl 3 I I I I 2 I I --.· / / / 0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40 44 48 NUMBER OF INTERACTIVE USERS ADDING MEMORY TO THE 1117SO CONTINUES TO INCREASE PERFORMANCE UP TO 6 MB. 20 15 Vczl 0 u w 10 Vl 5 11/750. 2 MB -- 111750. 4 MB 111750. 6 MB 111780. 2 MB 11/780. 4 MB 11/780. 6 MB 0 8 16 24 32 40 48 56 64 72 80 NUMBER OF ACTIVE USERS THIS SHOWS HOW THE SYSTEMS " FALL OFF THE TABLE "". THE 1117SO PEAKS AT S6 USERS AND 6 MB WHILE THE 111780 BEGINS TO DEGRADE AT 80 USERS AND 6 MB. 20 15 czVl 0 u w 10 Vl 5 111730. IDC / RBO. 1 MB 111730. IDC / RBO. 2 MB 111730. IDC / RBO. 3 MB 111750. 1RMBO. 3 MB 0 8 16 24 32 NUMBER OF ACTIVE USERS THE 111730 WHICH DIES WITH 8 USERS AND 1 MB. BEGINS TO DEGRADE AT 24 USERS AND 3 MB. NOTE THAT THE 1117SO WITH 3 MB SHOWS NO SIGNS OF DEGREDATION AT 32 USERS. RSTS/E INTERNALS MANUAL The RSTS community has been clamoring for years for a book that details the inner workings of RSTS/E. Well, clamor no more. Michael Mayfield of Northwest Digital Software, and M Systems, the publisher of The RSTS Professional and The DEC Professional Magazines, have teamed up to produce the RSTS/E Monitor Internals Manual. This manual describes the internal workings and data structures of the RSTS/E monitor. It also notes differences in the internal structures between version 7.1 and earlier versions of the monitor. Future updates will include changes for new versions of the monitor. Information is available for all levels of users: ·Gain a basic understanding of the workings of the monitor for optimizing system performance. · Information on disk structures allows recovery of data from corrupted disk packs. · Special uses of runtime systems and resident libraries allow complex applications to be developed without degrading system performance. · Write your own custom device drivers for that "foreign" device you need to add but thought you couldn't. Chapter 3 conta· stalling a custom points and infor monitor as monitor pr. ains information that enhances inalre dy provided by Digital on writing · ent libraries and runtime systems. It conmainly on non-standard uses of resident ri and runtime systems to increase system perance and functionality. Chapter 2 describe monitor to control syst gram services. The and device control , as interjob communic re s and provide prop 1de job, memory, file program services such Appendix A provides six quick reference foldout charts: · The directory structure. · The monitor tables. · Fixed memory locations and common data structures. ·Monitor subroutines. ·Device driver entry points. · Device driver macros. Appendix B provides examples of the peek sequences required to access most of the monitor tables. It also contains an example program that uses many of the monitor tables to display a job and open files status. Appendix C provides an example device driver. Appendix D provides an example runtime system that doubles as a menu system for restricting specified users to a menu of options. s9500 Page86 October 1982 A COUPLE OF CUSP ENHANCEMENTS By Michael H. Koplitz There are still many RSTS/E installations that use the Digital spoolers. this installation being no exception to that rule. It has always been a pain to use the QUE.BAS program because when a Control-C is typed during the listing of a spooler. the program would go to .. Ready" status. QUE.BAS should be like PIP which goes back to the prompt when a Control-C is entered during a listing of an account or file. The first enhancement shown here is to QUE.BAS. This enhancement will allow the user to type a Control-C during the listing of any of the spoolers while in QUE.BAS and control will return to the ··#··prompt. If two Control-Cs are entered. QUE.BAS performs the operations as if an "E" command had been entered. If a Control-C is entered to the command line input the "E" command is executed. None of the original lines of code in QUE.BAS were edited. All the changes given are new lines of code. They can be entered by any editor. Code changes to QUE.BAS 1005 XS= SYS(CHRS(6%)+CHRS(-7%)) IF (EO% AND 16%) = 0% ISET CONTROLrC TRAP IF USER IS LOGGED IN 10605 CONTROL.CEE.TRAP% = 0% !SET THE CONTROLrC TRAP COUNTER TO ZERO 19077 IF ERR = 28% THEN CONTROL.CEE.TRAP% = CONTROL.CEE.TRAP% + 1% COS = T ' IF CONTROL.CEE.TRAP% = 2% OR ERL = 10600 RESUME 10610 IF CONTROL.CEE.TRAP% = 2% OR ERL <f. 10600 \ XS = SYS(CHRS(6%)+CHRS(-7%)) \ RESUME 1050 \ !TAKES CARE OF CONTROL.re TRAP ERROR. The next enhancement is to MONEY.BAS. MONEY.BAS is a good utility to monitor the activity of the system . The only problem with MONEY.BAS is that the report does not indicate when the data was reset. Therefore it is impossible to know what time frame the MONEY report is referring to. The following enhancement creates a file named .. $MONEY.DAT" which contains the date and time when the data was reset. To keep some integrity with this date, a user can not ask to reset data on selected accounts. The date in $MONEY.DAT therefore refers to the whole system. The code to make this enhancement is given below. Modified lines of code have an asterisk in front of the line number. These changes can be made with any editor. 110 \ \ \ 1110 \ \ \ \ \ 1115 \ \ \ Code changes to MONEY.BAS ON ERROR GOTO 10000 OPEN " $MONEY.DAT" AS FILE #1 % INPUT #11 % ,LAST.DATES CLOSE#11% !OPEN THE MONEY FILE AND GET LAST DATE OF RESET PRINT #1%," on " ;DATES(O%);" at ";TIMES(O%); 1% = 1% PRINT #1%." with Data being RESET" ; IF R9% PRINT #1% PRINT #1 %." Data last reset on " ;LAST.DATES GOSUB 8100 !PRINT REST OF HEADER GOTO 1120 UNLESS R9% OPEN " $MONEY.DAT" OF ROUTPUT AS FILE .. 11 % PRINT ,.11 %.DATES(O%);" " ;TIMES(O%) CLOSE .. 11% IRESET THE DATA LAST RESET DATE BECAUSE DATA IS RESET. 9000 PRINT " Selected accounts can not be reset" IF R9% R9% = 0% !CHECK RESET CONDITION 9005 \ \ ON ERROR GOTO 9100 INPUT " Account";M%(8%).M%(7%) GOTO 9005 IF M%(8%) < 0% OR M%(8%) > 254% OR M%(7%) < 0% OR M%(7%) > 254% OR (M%(8%) = 0% AND M%(7%) < > 1%) !SELECTIVE ACCOUNT LISTING - ENDS WITH CTRL/Z. !CHECK GENERAL RANGE !ALLOW ONLY [0.1] IF PROJECT NUMBER IS ZERO. 9020 \ \ \ 9060 \ PRINT #1% ,"Data last reset or/';\.J'ST.DATES GOSUB 8100 GOSUB 2000 GOTO 900S PRINT " Cannot find that Account" GOTO 9005 9115 GOTO 32767 10000 LAST.DATES = " 717171" \ RESUME 140 !UNKNOWN LAST DATE Until this new version of MONEY.BAS is run with the data being reset the date on which the data was reset will show as ????????. · October 1982 Page 87 RSTSPAOFESSIONALASTSPAOFESSIONALRSTSPAOF'ESSIONALASTSPAOFESSIONALRSTSPAOF'ESSIONALASTSPAOFESSIONALASTSPAOF'ESSIONALASTSPAOFESSIONALASTSPAOFESSIONALASTSPAOFESSIONALASTSPROFESSIONALASTSP CLASSIFIED Send Classified Ads to: RSTS Classified. P.O. Box 361 . Ft. Washington. PA 19034-0361 . 5 100 per word. first 12 words free with one year's subscription. [Be sure to include a phone number or address in your message.] Basic Plus Programmer, Small college EDP, (507) 663-4282, Carl Henry. FOR SALE. 11/40 w/256k, new 800/1600 magtape, DZ11 -A, RP03, LA36, LA120, VT100/AVO, RSTS, Word-11 , SAVER. (503) 635-8781 . Copier for sale. 1112 years old-hardly used. Gestetner 2010 w/some supplies. Maintenance contract kept equipment like new. $1000. (215) 537-0782. RSTS CHEAP! $350/PORT, $20/MB on WALL STREET, NYC Local error- free dia l-in o r leased line termination and in PHILADELPHIA DEC 11 /70 . 24 h rs. 7 days Sec ure Bac kups B+2. DIBOL. COBOL81 DATATRIEVE , WORD- 11 . EDT Secu red by LOCK-11 NATIONWIDE DATA DIALOG DAVE MALLERY 215-364-2800 RSTS RESCUE SQUAD We salvage all kinds of disasters : · unreadable d isks · ruined U FOs and MFDs rep aired · immed iate resp o nse · telephone DIAL-UP · on -site · soft ware tools · custo m recover y · 90 % success to date · m ore th an 1 GB rescued to date Brought to you by On Track Systems, Inc. and a well known (and read) RSTS expert. CALL 24 HOURS 215-542-7133 WOR0-11 WORO PROCESSING WAFE } PROGRAM TECO EDITING EQT by @ODDOl)ocomputer~TM 1430 Broadway, New York, N.Y. 10018 r DEC BEST VALUES """ PRE-OWNED DEC EQUIPMENT BUYING AND SELLING SYSTEMS · CPU's ·PERIPHERALS · TERMINALS OPTIONS · MEMORY · COMPATIBLES CALL DICK BAKER (305) 979-2844 datawarel °' incorporated · c28a4m5x' 62ie, Street Ft L uderdole. Florido 33309 \.. Telephone (305) 79-2844 ~ The FAMOUS RSTS PROFESSIONAL TEE-SHIRT is now for sale! Send size des ired and $6.95 fo r eac h shirt t o: RSTS TEE-SHIRT P.O. Bo x 361 Ft. Wa shington. P A 19034-0361 S hirts m ·ailah/f in adults si:es on~r.· Sm all - Medium - Large - X- Large ~~~-1o?, ~ WO$R2D00P. RROSCTESS/ES*O(R/-~9~,~ CB EDIT.BAS Basic-Plus* program with VDT input , window edit and document save. Add, locate, global change, replace, delete, block move and file merge, etc. Crash and operator error recovery. Supports DEC, Hazletine and Mime standard VDT's. Others easy to add . Fully formatted output (margins, justify, center, underscore, super-subscript , headers, page numbers, etc.), to typewriter, line printer or disk. Bidirectional driver for Diablo-Xerox 16-17. User's manual and source code included. 9-Track $200. RKOS $260. ppd T.F. Hudgins & Associates, Inc. P.O. Box 10946, Houston, Texas 77018 Woods Martin 713/682-3651 · TM Digital Equipment Corporation BACK ISSUE OFFER ALL 13 BACK ISSUES OF THE RSTS PROFESSIONAL $90.00 Send check w : THE RSTS PROFESSIONAL P.O. BOX 361 Ff. WASHINGTON, PA 19034-0361 - Payment Musi Accompan~· Order - Your old video terminals needed. George Fox College (503) 538-8383 Ext. 330. Pacific Northwest Commercial Time Sharing. Compu-Time, Inc., Portland, Oregon (503) 246-7766. Superior computer systems seeks subcontractors for the NY metropolitan area. Send resume to 100 North Village Avenue, Rockville Center, NY 11570. Distributor of DEC hardware, software, maintenance and consulting . American Business Computers (713) 265-2573. Multibus Development System. Terminal, printer, 2-8" drives , many extras . Jon Coleman (415) 930-9932. For Sale: PDP8E, RK05, DEC TAPE. CarsonNewman College (615) 475-9061. Australian VAX Expertise: PRAXA Phone (03) 233-5318; (03) 878-8139; (03) 877-6443 Total systems implemented. RSTS RSX-11 RT11 Consulting . Quality cost less in the end (404) 261-4634. DI BS-11 , DEC introduced it. . . VERTEX made it work.. . CALL (614) 846-DIBS. For Sale: PDP-11134A, 128KW, RK07'S, RX01 'S, DZ11, 6 VT52'S, RSTS/E and many other licenses. Ron Klausewitz (304) 473-8008. I ~-----... PLANPLUS\ I The Financial Planning I & Reporting System I 1 PLAN PLUS LTD I PO BOX 327 LONDON W4 40D I TELEX 8813271 GECOMS G ..._ _____I. \ Telephone 01 -834 7334 ex 7935 Page 88 October 1982 RSl'SPROFESSJONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRST'SPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSl'SPROFESSIONALRST'SPROFESSIONALRST'SPROFESSIONALRSTSPROFESSIONALRSl'SPROFESSIO NALRST'SPROFESSIO NALRST'SPROFESSIONALRSTSP REPRINTS REPRINTS REPRINTS REPRINTS REPRINTS! All content in this publication is copyrighted. All reprints must be purchased from M Systems, Inc. No other reprints are authorized. All reprints shall contain both a cover and a subscription blank. Price quotation available on request. LOOK at the '' tear-out' ' cards in this issue . There are subscription cards for you or a friend . There 's a FREE gift for you . Bring in new subscribers and collect rewards . See " BOUNTY HUNTERS " card. There 's a READERS INQUIRY card for your convenience . ------------------ CHANGES?????? Are you changing addresses? Please let us know so you won't miss one issue of the RSTS Professional. FORMER Name Address City/ State Zip PRESENT/Near Future Name Address I City/ State I Z....:i_ p _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ ~- -----------------~ LIST OF ADVERTISERS Able Computer ... . . . . .. .... . . . .. . .. .. 1.8. Cover ADOS (Advanced Digital Office Systems) .. . .. . . . . p.64 Bob " Macro Man" Meyer .... .. .......... . ... p.68 Braegen MPD ... .. .. . .. . ... ... . .. . . . .... . p.37 C. D. Smith & Associates Inc. . .. . . . .. .... . .... p.56 Clyde Digital Systems, Inc. . .. .. . .... .. ........ p.2 Computer Methods Corporation .... .... .. ... . . p.69 Computer Systems Development (CSD). Ltd... .. .. p.71 Data Processing Design Inc. . .......... .. .. B. Cover Dataware, Inc. . .. . ......... . . . ..... . . . . . . p.18 DCXX Software Services . ......... .. ........ p.61 DEXPO 82 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p.46 Digitec Software Design .. .. ........ . . . . ... . p.51 Emulex Corporation . . . ... . . . . . ............ p.21 Enterprise Technology Corporation .. .. . . . ..... p.26 Evans, Griffiths & Hart. Inc. . . ..... . ...... pp.16.49 Finar Systems Ltd. . ... . .. ... .. . ... . .. . . . .. p. 70 Hamilton Rentals . . ..... ...... .. . .. . . .. . . . . p.9 IAS Computer Corp. Ltd . . ..... . . . .. .. ...... . p.67 Infinity Software Corporation . .... ........... p.23 Innovative Electronics. Inc. . . ........ . . ...... p.63 M Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . .. . . . .. p.85 Manus Services Corp.... . . ... . ..... ·.. . .. pp.17,54 Martin Marietta Data Systems . . . ... .... .. . . . . p.45 McHugh, Freeman & Associates. Inc. . ..... . . . . . p.66 MTI Systems Corporation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p.29 Nationwide Data Dialog . .... .. . . .. . ....... . . p.39 NCA Corporation ... . .. .. .. .. ........ . . . . . p.15 NCCS (North County Computer Services Inc.) . l.F. Cover.p:44 Nordata .. ..... . . . .. ..... .. ........ . . . . . p.33 On Track Systems. Inc. . .. . .. . . . ....... . . pp.57,65 Pioneer Computer Systems Limited . . ....... . .. p.63 Plycom Services Inc. . ... . ............ .. ... . p.62 Reliance Electric .... . ...... .. . .. .. . .. . . .. . p.25 Ross Systems. Inc. . .... . ........... .. ... . . p.11 RTZ Computer Services Ltd.... . . .. .. . .... . .. . . p.35 Saturn Consulting Group . ........... . ..... . .p.59 Scherer's Mini Computer Mart . . .... . .. .. ... . . p.31 Software Results Corporation . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... p.53 Software Techniques, Inc. . .... . . ... . . ...... p.7.41 Southern Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . .. p.1 S.S.P.S. Inc. . ..... . .... . .. ... ... . . ... .... p.67 System Performance House Inc. .... .. ... . ...... p.5 Tana Corporation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. p.62 Tridacor Systems. Inc.. . . .. .. . . ...... . ...... p.13 Tymshare . ... ... . . .... . .. . ... . .. . ... . .. p.19 Unitronix Corporation ... . . . .. . ..... . ....... p.10 Virtual Microsystems ..... . .. . ..... . . . .. . .. p.27 WHY Systems. Inc. . ..... . ..... . . . ..... . ... p.59 · Don't wait for that ., $100,000 RSTS system replacement.· -· "ENABLE''whatyou already have instead. : Right now For under $10,000. That's the smart thing to do. We know because we've already proved it with ENABLE';·our backplane-resident device for expanding any 18-bit, UNIBUS , RSTS/E system to 4M bytes, and with MEGABOX': an add-on equivalent for systems with- out adequate space in the host machine. ENABLE and MEGABOX installations have been working throughout the world for over a year. Users consistently report system throughput to be doubled or better in every case. If you want to get mileage like that out of your present investment, there is no other way. Only ENABLE or MEGABOX can give you those extra years of outstanding performance without complete system replacement. Our package consists of the ENABLE control, unbundled software and an optional cache with SK bytes of high-speed memory. DEC OS, maintenance software and diagnostics remain fully applicable; ENABLE or MEGABOX become active only when the ENABLE software patch is installed and recognized. Once again, ABLE has produced a firstplace winner in the continuing DECATHON competition for leadership in the wide world of DEC compatibility. If you think this first is . _ ~~ = := CORPORATE HEADQUARTERS §li"::; ~ ; _: -::::.: ;:-.: ABLE COMPUTER \I [tr,IJ\) I ;j,lj W=1 1732 Reynolds Avenue Irvine, CA 92714. (714) 979-7030 good for RSTS users, just ask us what MiniMAGNUM'" will do for RSXllM users. That product will be our eighteenth first. NATIONAL OFFICES Burlington, MA (617) 272-1330 Dallas, TX (214) 387-2855 Daly City, CA (415) 755-6040 INTERNATIONAL OFFICES Canada (Toronto) (416) 270-8086 England (Newbury) (0635) 32125 W. Germany (Munich) 089/ 463080 When we come in first, you always come out ahead. DEC, UNIBUS, RSX and RSTS are trademarks of Digital Equipment Corporation. CIRCLE 56 ON READER CARD ...... WORD-IL TheWord Processing System Vital For VAX. The Unabridged Addition. No matter how many additions you've made to your VAX'{M it won't be complete without WORD-lL'"M It's the sophisticated word processing system designed to help you use all the other information you've stored. With features like list processing, built-in dictionaries for spelling error detection, automatic table of contents and footnoting that make report writing a snap. WORD-11 runs concurrently with data processing on multiple terminals. It's easy to use. And it's been up and running in hundreds of installations all over the world for years. WORD-11 is easy to install and operate. It's cost effective. And it's supported by a dedicated team of experienced specialists. It could be the most important addition you make to your VAX installation. For details, Call, (714) 993-4160. WORD-11 is also available for Digital's RSX-llM'{M RSX-HM PLUSTM and RSTS/ETM operating systems. ~ I Data Processing Design, Inc. ~ "'1lHOOZEOmD~DD~DcOMPUJE·O·S1··1.J1()1! , ,. CORPORATE OFFICE 181 W. Orangethorpe, Suite F Placentia, CA 92670 714-993-4160 Telex 182-278 NY.OFFICE 420 Lexington Avenue, Suite 633 New York, NY 10170 212-687.()104 WASHINGTON DC OFFICE 4520 East-West Highway, Suite 550 Bethesda, MD20814 301-657-4098 WORD-II is a 1rade111ark of Data Processing Design, Inc. VAX,RSX- 1/M, RSX-1/M PLUS, and RSTSI E are trademarks, and remaining titles are products or trademarks of Digital Equipment Corporation. CIRCLE 59 ON READER CARO