Magnetic Encoder IC 10-Bit to 18-Bit Programmable Angular Magnetic Encoder

AEAT-9922-Q24

AEAT-8811-Q24-AN100

Mohd Syaril

Magnetic Encoder IC 10-Bit to 18-Bit Programmable Angular ...

UVW can be selected by following the instructions in the following sections. The PWM output is available as well. The shadow 4.registers are programmable using the SPI protocol. Writing specific commands supply is turned off or any value (except 0xAB) is to specific addresses written of the internal registers will program values

Nota applicativa – Supporto codificatore magnetico angolare programmabile da 10 Bit a 18 Bit sull’asse On e Off

Ci di codificatore magnetico AEAT-9922 - Broadcom | Mouser

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AEAT-9922-Q24-ApplicationNotes Rev16
AEAT-9922-Q24
Magnetic Encoder IC 10-Bit to 18-Bit Programmable Angular Magnetic Encoder

Application Note

Description
AEAT-9922-Q24 is a CMOS magnetic sensor structure suitable for contactless 360° encoding based on the Hall Effect. It provides an angle output up to 18 bits of resolution and simultaneous incremental output of up to 10000 CPR. An integrated Hall structure at the core of the device uses a single 2-pole disc or ring magnet to convert the magnetic field vector in the chip plane into an AC signal whose amplitude and phase correspond to the magnitude and direction of the field.
An internal digital signal-processing unit then processes and conditions the raw AC signal from the sensor. The output signals are available in three different forms:
 Pulse Width Modulation (PWM)  Absolute 18-bit position through the 3 wire ,2 wire
Serial Synchronous Interface (SSI) and 4 wire Serial Protocol Interface (SPI)  Incremental output (ABI and UVW signals)
These features can be programmed by configuring the internal registers in program mode.
More information about the product specifications of AEAT-9922-Q24 is available in the product data sheet.

Normal Operation Mode
The Normal mode is the normal operating mode of the chip. The absolute output (10-bit to 18-bit absolute position data) is available through serial protocol pin (M0, M1, M2 and M3). The following are the output signal conditions during AEAT-9922-Q24 initialization:
 PWM signals all 0s.  ABI signals all 1s.  UVW signals all 0s.
The incremental positions are indicated on ABI and UVW signals with user-configurable CPR from 0 to 10000 of ABI signals and pole pairs from 1 to 32 (2 to 64 poles) for UVW commutation signals.
Configuration Mode
AEAT-9922-Q24 has a built-in memory for multiple-time programming (MTP).
Programming of AEAT-9922-Q24 can be performed with the HEDS-9922 programming kit or any tester/programmer device using the guidelines provided.

Operation Mode
The AEAT-9922-Q24 features two types of operational modes that are normal operation mode and configuration mode.

Broadcom

AEAT-8811-Q24-AN100 November 16, 2020

AEAT-9922-Q24 Application Note

Magnetic Encoder IC

10-Bit to 18-Bit Programmable Angular Magnetic Encoder

Absolute and Incremental Programming
The absolute resolution can be set to 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17 or 18 bits. For incremental selection, ABI or UVW can be selected by following the instructions in the following sections. The PWM output is available as well.
The shadow registers are programmable using the SPI protocol. Writing specific commands to specific addresses of the internal registers will program values of shadow registers to memory. The memory can be program multiple-time.
Memory Map
The Broadcom AEAT-9922-Q24 uses nonvolatile EEPROM as shown in the tables that follow. The memory is separated into 32 pages with 8 bits per address. EEPROM programming, can be performed at 3.3V or 5V supply.
Nonvolatile Register (EEPROM)
1. MTP shadow registers are volatile registers that are loaded with corresponding MTP values after power on.
2. All bits (except addresses 0x10, and 0x20­0x27) are in LOCK mode by default after power on. To enter UNLOCK mode (to be able to write to the

MTPshadow registers or registers), write 0xAB to address 0x10.
3. In UNLOCK mode, you may write to any MTP shadow registers or registers. Values written will remain until power off.
4. The UNLOCK state is maintained until the power supply is turned off or any value (except 0xAB) is written to address 0x10.
MTP Shadow Registers 1. MTP shadow registers are volatile (upon power up,
reload values from EEPROM) and are not written to EEPROM automatically. 2. To write MTP shadow registers values to EEPROM (nonvolatile) memory, see EEPROM Programming section. 3. The MTP shadow registers will be from address 0x10 to 0x27. The tables that follow show the registers.

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Magnetic Encoder IC

10-Bit to 18-Bit Programmable Angular Magnetic Encoder

Customer Configuration Registers
These registers are available for the users to store any information and configure the encoder as required.  Address 0x00 to 0x06 is unlocked. User can directly write to these addresses.  Address 0x08 to 0x0E, is locked. User need to write 8'hAB to address 0x10 to unlock.

Table 1 Customer Reserved Registers

Address Bit(s)

Name

Description

0x00 0x01 0x02 0x03 0x04 0x05 0x06

[7:0]

Customer Reserve 0

User programmable

[7:0]

Customer Reserve 1

User programmable

[7:0]

Customer Reserve 2

User programmable

[7:0]

Customer Reserve 3

User programmable

[7:0]

Customer Reserve 4

User programmable

[7:0]

Customer Reserve 5

User programmable

[7:0]

Customer Reserve 6

User programmable

Table 2 Customer Configuration 0 Registers

Address Bit(s)

Name

Description

0x07

[7] [6] [5] [4]
[3:2]

Hardware ST Zero Hardware Acc Cal Axis Mode Reserved
I-Width Setting (ABI)

1: Enable external pin 0: Disable external pin
1: Enable external pin 0: Disable external pin
1: Off-axis 0: On-axis 0: Reserved 00: 90 electrical deg (e.deg) 01: 180 electrical deg (e.deg) 10: 270 electrical deg (e.deg) 11: 360 electrical deg (e.deg)

[1:0]

I-Phase Setting (ABI)

00: 90 electrical deg (e.deg) 01: 180 electrical deg (e.deg) 10: 270 electrical deg (e.deg) 11: 360 electrical deg (e.deg)

a. Applicable during Off-axis mode only.

Default 8'h0 8'h0 8'h0 8'h0 8'h0 8'h0 8'h0
Default 1 1 0 0 00
00

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Magnetic Encoder IC

10-Bit to 18-Bit Programmable Angular Magnetic Encoder

Address Bit(s)

Name

[7:5]

Hysteresis Setting

Description
000: 0.00 mechanical degree (m) 001: 0.01 mechanical degree (m) 010: 0.02 mechanical degree (m) 011: 0.04 mechanical degree (m) 100: 0.08 mechanical degree (m) 101: 0.17 mechanical degree (m) 110: 0.35 mechanical degree (m) 111: 0.70 mechanical degree (m)

0x08

[4] [3:0]

Direction Setting

1: Count up at counterclockwise rotation 0: Count up at clockwise rotation

Absolute Resolution(b)

0000: 18-b absolute resolution (SSI) 0001: 17-b absolute resolution (SSI) 0010: 16-b absolute resolution (SSI) 0011: 15-b absolute resolution (SSI) 0100: 14-b absolute resolution (SSI) 0101: 13-b absolute resolution (SSI) 0110: 12-b absolute resolution (SSI) 0111: 11-b absolute resolution (SSI) 1000: 10-b absolute resolution (SSI) 1001 to 1111 : Reserved

b. Flexible 18-bit Absolute resolution from 10-bit to 18-bit. Combination lower that 10-bit is invalid.

Table 3 Customer Configuration 1 Registers

Address Bit(s)

Name

Description

0x09 0x0A

[7:6] [5:0] [7:0]

Reserved Incremental Resolution [13:8](c)
Incremental Resolution [7:0](c)

00 ~11: Reserved
00-0000-0000-0000 : 0 CPR (OFF) 00-0000-0000-0001 : 1 CPR 00-0000-0000-0010 : 2 CPR 00-0000-0000-0011 : 3 CPR 00-0000-1000-0000 : 128 CPR 00-0100-0000-0000 : 1024 CPR 10-0000-0000-0000 : 8192 CPR 10-0111-0001-0000 : 10000 CPR 10-0111-0001-0001 : Reserved 11-1111-1111-1111 : Reserved

c. Flexible 14-bit Incremental resolution up to 10000CPR. Combination above 10000 is invalid.

Default 100
0 0000
Default 01 00000 0000000

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Magnetic Encoder IC

10-Bit to 18-Bit Programmable Angular Magnetic Encoder

Table 4 Customer Configuration 2 Registers

Address Bit(s)

Nam e

[7]

Reserved

[6:5]

PSEL Setting(d)

0: Reserved
00: SSI3a/SPI4a 01: SSI3b/SPI4b 10: SSI2a/UVW 11: SSI2b/PWM

Description

Default
0 00

0x0B

[4:0]

UVW, PWM Setting(e)

00000: UVW = 1 pole pairs / PWM fixed period = 10bit 00001: UVW = 2 pole pairs / PWM fixed period = 11bit 00010: UVW = 3 pole pairs / PWM fixed period = 12bit 00011: UVW = 4 pole pairs / PWM fixed period = 13bit 00100: UVW = 5 pole pairs / PWM fixed period = 14bit 01000: UVW = 9 pole pairs / PWM fixed clock = 10bit 01001: UVW = 10 pole pairs / PWM fixed clock = 11bit 01010: UVW = 11 pole pairs / PWM fixed clock = 12bit 01011: UVW = 12 pole pairs / PWM fixed clock = 13bit 01100: UVW = 13 pole pairs / PWM fixed clock = 14bit

00000

d. In conjunction with MATS table for Input / Output configuration e. UVW: Flexible 5-bit UVW resolution up to 32 pole pairs.
PWM: Only shown setting is available, other combination is invalid.

Table 5 Customer Single-turn Reset

Address Bit(s)

0x0C 0x0D 0x0E

[7:0] [7:0] [7:6]

Nam e
Zero Reset 2 Zero Reset 1 Zero Reset 0

Description
MSB bit-17 to bit-10 of Absolute Single-turn Bit-9 to bit-2 of Absolute Single-turn LSB bit-1 to bit-0 of Absolute Single-turn

Default
0000-0000 0000-0000 00

EEPROM Programming
Perform the following steps to program MTP shadow register to EEPROM. 1. Write the desired values to the Customer Configuration MTP registers (0x00 ­ 0x0E). 2. Verify the written value by reading back all Customer Configuration MTP registers (0x00 ­ 0x0E). 3. Write value 8'hA1 to address 0x11 to program all Customer Configuration MTP registers to EEPROM. 4. Memory busy bit[8] address 0x22 will flag high for 40ms. 5. Once done, perform power cycle and check for Memory Error bit[4] address 0x21.  0 : No memory error  1 : Memory error

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Encoder Calibration

Magnetic Encoder IC

10-Bit to 18-Bit Programmable Angular Magnetic Encoder

Accuracy Angle Calibration
In order achieve high degree of angle accuracy; AEAT-9922-Q24 comes with a built-in correction algorithm. This algorithm will correct the error upon installation of encoder to the motor. Figure below shows the comparison between raw and corrected accuracy over one rotation.

Followings are the calibration procedure:
Via SPI register
1. Mount the encoder to the motor system (with magnet). 2. Rotate the magnet at constant speed ranging from 10RPM to 2000RPM. 3. Once the speed stabilizes, write value 8'h2 to address 0x12 to initiate calibration sequence. 4. Read the calibration status on bit [1:0] address 0x22
 10 : Calibration Pass  11 : Calibration Fail
5. The calibration value is automatically stored in memory, no further programming is required.
 To erase the calibration value, write value 8'h1 to address 0x12.

Via Hardware Pin M1
1. Mount the encoder to the motor system (with magnet). 2. Rotate the magnet at constant speed ranging from 10RPM to 2000RPM. 3. Once the speed stabilizes, pull the signal High, M1 for >50ms to initiate the calibration sequence. 4. Read the calibration status on output pin ABI
a. If AB=1, I=0 : Calibration Pass b. If AB=1, I=1 : Calibration Fail 5. The calibration value is automatically stored in memory, no further programming is required.

Note Hardware pin calibration is automatically disable upon completion, to re-enable this function, user will need to write value 8'h64 to address 0x07.

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Magnetic Encoder IC

10-Bit to 18-Bit Programmable Angular Magnetic Encoder

Zero Reset Calibration
AEAT-9922-Q24 allows users to configure a zero reset position, followings are the calibration procedure:
Via SPI register 1. Stop the encoder to the motor system at desire location. 2. Once it is stationary, write value 8'h8 to address 0x12 to reset the absolute single-turn position. 3. Read the calibration status on bit [3:2] address 0x22  10 : Calibration Pass  11 : Calibration Fail 4. The offset value is automatically stored in memory, no further programming is required.  To erase the calibration value, write value 8'h4 to address 0x12.
Via Hardware Pin M2 1. Stop the encoder to the motor system at desire location. 2. Once it is stationary, pull the signal High, M2 for >50ms to reset the absolute single-turn position. 3. Read the calibration status on output pin ABI  If AB=1, I=0 : Calibration Pass  If AB=1, I=1 : Calibration Fail 4. The calibration value is automatically stored in memory, no further programming is required.
Note Hardware pin calibration is automatically disable upon completion, to re-enable this function, user will need to write value 8'h128 to address 0x07.

Safety Alarm
AEAT-9922-Q24 provides following safety alarms:
 Magnet High (MHI) error: This error indicates the magnet strength detected by chip is too strong. When this is flagged high consistently, change to a weaker magnet, or increase the distance between the chip and the magnet.
 Magnet Low (MLO) error: This error indicates the magnet strength detected by chip is too weak. When this is flagged high consistently, change to a stronger magnet, or decrease the distance between the chip and the magnet.
These alarms are read out from SSI interface as described in the "Absolute Output Format" section in the data sheet.

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Magnetic Encoder IC

AEAT-9922-Q24 Circuit Diagram

Figure 2 Recommended Circuit Diagram for AEAT-9922-Q24

10-Bit to 18-Bit Programmable Angular Magnetic Encoder

NOTE
 Connect the 10 F and 100 nF capacitors as close to the individually assigned power and ground pins as possible.

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Magnetic Encoder IC

Recommended Magnetic Input Specifications

10-Bit to 18-Bit Programmable Angular Magnetic Encoder

Parameter
Diameter Disc magnet Ring magnet ID
/OD Thickness Disc magnet Ring magnet
Magnetic input filed magnitude On-axis (Disc Magnet) Off-axis (Ring Magnet)
Magnet displacement radius
Recommended magnet material and temperature drift

Symbol d t
Bpk R_m

Min.
4 -
2
45 30

Typ. Max.

6 ID,15 OD,25

-

2.5

-

6

-

-

100

-

150

0.25

-0.12

Unit

Notes

mm mm

Recommended magnet: Cylindrical magnet or ring magnet diametrically magnetized & 1

pole pair.

mm

mm

Required vertical/horizontal component of the mT magnetic field strength on the die's surface, mT measured along concentric circle.

mm

Displacement between magnet axis to the device center

%/K

NdFeB (Neodymium Iron Boron),grade N35SH

Diametrically Magnetized Magnet

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Absolute Output Format

Magnetic Encoder IC

10-Bit to 18-Bit Programmable Angular Magnetic Encoder

SPI Protocol
SPI protocol uses four pins from AEAT-9922. These four pins are shared between UVW, SSI, SPI protocols. MSEL (input pin) selects either protocol at a time. Assert 1 on MSEL pin to select the SPI4 protocol. SPI4 protocols allow user to access memory read or write and position data. It uses CPOL=0, CPHA=1 for triggering.
 M0  SPI_Chip Select (NCS) signal for SPI protocol, input to AEAT-9922  M1  SPI_Data Input (MOSI) signal for SPI protocol, input to AEAT-9922  M2  SPI_Clock Input (SCK) signal for SPI protocol, input to AEAT-9922  M3  SPI_Data Output (MISO) signal for SPI protocol, output from AEAT-9922

SPI4 Timing Diagram

Symbol
tL
tclk tclkL tclkH tH tCSn tMOSI tMISO tOZ

Description
Time between SCn falling edge and CLK rising edge
Serial clock period Low period of serial clock High period of serial clock Time between last falling edge of CLK and rising edge of CSn High time of CS between two transmission Data input valide to clock ege CLK edge to data output valid Time between CSn rising dege and MISO HiZ

NOTE  The user should read back data to confirm data is written successfully

Min Typ Max Unit

350

ns

100

ns

50

ns

50

ns

tclk/2

ns

350

ns

20

ns

51

ns

10

ns

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SPI4 Command and Data Frame
SPI4 Read sequence

Magnetic Encoder IC

SPI4 Write sequence

10-Bit to 18-Bit Programmable Angular Magnetic Encoder

SPI-4(A) 16-bit (Parity) By default the chip is configured to SPI4 16-bit selection, PSEL [1] = 0, PSEL [0] = 0 in the register setting.

P: Parity EF: Error Flag RW: Read = 1, Write = 0

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Magnetic Encoder IC

10-Bit to 18-Bit Programmable Angular Magnetic Encoder

SPI4-(B) 24-bit (CRC)

To configure the chip to SPI4 24-bit selection, set PSEL [1] = 0, PSEL [0] = 1 in the register setting.

W: Warning E: Error RW: Read = 1, Write = 0
Position Read Absolute position data can be obtained by sending read command to address 0x3F.

In the event of higher single turn resolution (15-bit and above), the command and data frame size is adjusted accordingly.
Example: 18bit + 2bit (parity and error)

Warning and Error bit

Error bit is trigger if either Magnet High (MHI), Magnet Low (MLO), Memory Error (MEM_Err) or communication error.

Details of error bit is available in register address below:

bit

Address

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

0

0x21

RDY

MHI

MLO MEM_Err

 Magnet High (MHI) Error: This indicates that the magnet strength detected by the chip is too strong. When this is flagged high consistently, change the weaker magnet or increase the distance between the chip and the magnet. The value for this alarm is represented as 1.
 Magnet Low (MLO) Error: This indicates that the magnet strength detected by the chip is too weak. When this is flagged high consistently, change the stronger magnet or decrease the distance between the chip and the magnet. The value for this alarm is represented as 1.
 Ready: The chip is ready, and the ready value is 1.

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Magnetic Encoder IC

10-Bit to 18-Bit Programmable Angular Magnetic Encoder

SPI3
SPI3 protocols only allow access to memory read write. Assert 0 on MSEL and M0 pin to configure it.
 M0  Set to low, input to AEAT-9922  M1  SPI_Data Input (DIN) signal for SPI protocol, input to AEAT-9922  M2  SPI_Clock Input (SCK) signal for SPI protocol, input to AEAT-9922  M3  SPI_Data Output (DO) signal for SPI protocol, output from AEAT-9922

SPI3 Timing Diagram

Symbol

Description

tSW

Time between SCn falling edge and CLK rising edge

tclk

Serial clock period

tclkH

CLK high time after end of last clock period

NOTE  The user should read back data to confirm data is written successfully

SPI3 Read

Min Typ Max Unit

1

-

-

us

-

-

100

ns

300

-

-

ns

SPI3 Write

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Magnetic Encoder IC

10-Bit to 18-Bit Programmable Angular Magnetic Encoder

Serial Synchronous Interface 3-wire (SSI3) SSI3 protocol uses three pins from AEAT-9922. These three pins are shared between UVW, SSI, SPI protocols. MSEL (input pin) selects either protocol at a time. Assert 0 on MSEL pin and 1 on M0 pin to select the SSI protocol.  M1  SSI_NSL Input (NSL) signal for SSI protocol, input to from AEAT-9922  M2  SSI_Clock Input (CLK) signal for SSI protocol, input to AEAT-9922  M3  SSI_Data Output (DO) signal for SSI protocol, output from AEAT-9922
It is available in 2 options per PSEL register setting:
Figure 8 SSI Protocol Timing Diagram
Default : Data Output with 3 wire SSI to 10Mhz clock rates

Symbol
tclk tREQ tNSLH

Description
SSI_SPI_SEL switch time SCL hight time between NLS falling edge and first SCL falling edge NSL high time between 2 successive SSI reads

SSI-3(A) DO pin is held at high state once NSL pin is high

Min Typ Max Unit

1

-

300

-

200

-

-

Us

-

ns

-

ns

SSI-3(B) DO pin is tristate (high impedance) state once NSL pin is high

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Magnetic Encoder IC

10-Bit to 18-Bit Programmable Angular Magnetic Encoder

Serial Synchronous Interface 2-wire (SSI2)
SSI2 protocol uses two pins from AEAT-9922. These two pins are shared between UVW, SSI, SPI protocols. MSEL (input pin) selects either protocol at a time. Assert 0 on MSEL & M1 pin and 1 on M0 pin upon power up.
 M2  SSI_Clock Input (CLK) signal for SSI protocol, input to AEAT-9922  M3  SSI_Data Output (DO) signal for SSI protocol, output from AEAT-9922
It is available in 2 options per PSEL register setting:

Symbol
tClk tM

Description
NSL low time after rising edge of last clock period for an SSI read NSL high time between 2 successive SSI reads

Min Typ Max Unit

250

-

tM/2

ns

-

16.5

18.0

us

SSI-2(A) Output single data position and remains low after LSB until the next monoflops (tM) expires.

SSI-2(B)
The same position data can be continuously output by sending clock train and data is separated by a single low pulse. Data will be refresh on the next monoflop (tM) expires.

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Magnetic Encoder IC

SSI READ Data Format Figure 9 SSI Output Format for Different Absolute Resolution Settings

10-Bit to 18-Bit Programmable Angular Magnetic Encoder

NOTE

 3-b status: {Ready, MHI, MLO}

 Magnet High (MHI) Error: This indicates that the magnet strength detected by the chip is too strong. When this is flagged high consistently, change the weaker magnet or increase the distance between the chip and the magnet. The value for this alarm is represented as 1.
 Magnet Low (MLO) Error: This indicates that the magnet strength detected by the chip is too weak. When this is flagged high consistently, change the stronger magnet or decrease the distance between the chip and the magnet. The value for this alarm is represented as 1.
 Ready: The chip is ready, and the ready value is 1. 1-b parity is even parity.

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Magnetic Encoder IC

10-Bit to 18-Bit Programmable Angular Magnetic Encoder

PWM
PWM protocol uses one output pin (W_PWM) from AEAT-9922. Note that W_PWM pin is shared between UVW and PWM protocols. The PWM signals are configurable to have period of 1025, 2049, 4097, 8193 or 16385 s. During power-up, the PWM signal is 0 before chip ready.
PWM Signals (Period = 1025/2049/4097/8193/16385 s)  PWM period: 1025, 2049, 4097, 8193, 16385 s

PWM protocols is also available in with Init, Error_n, and Exit along with Data information. PWM Signals (Period = 1047/2071/4119/8215/16407 s)
PMW Period: 4119us
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Magnetic Encoder IC

10-Bit to 18-Bit Programmable Angular Magnetic Encoder

Incremental Output Format
The AEAT-9922 provides ABI and UVW signals to indicate incremental position of the motor. ABI The ABI incremental interface is available to provide position data and direction data from the three output pins (A, B, and I).
The index signal marks the absolute angular position and typically occurs once per revolution The ABI signal is configurable using the memory map registers. It supports the following configuration:
 Programmable CPR: 1 to 10000CPR  Programmable I-width: 90, 180, 270, or 360 electrical degrees (edeg)
Figure 11 ABI Signal (4096 CPR, with Different I-Width Settings), Assuming User Sets Hysteresis at 0.02 Mechanical Degree

The Index position is configurable among the incremental state. Index signal raise high once per turn at absolute zero position.
Index 90
Broadcom

Index 180
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Index 270

Magnetic Encoder IC

10-Bit to 18-Bit Programmable Angular Magnetic Encoder
Index 360

UVW
Three-channel integrated commutation output (U, V, W) emulates Hall sensor feedback and is available using three output pins. Note that W_PWM pin is shared between the UVW and PWM protocols. AEAT-9922 can configure pole pairs from 1 to 8 equivalents to 2 to 16 poles.

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Magnetic Encoder IC

10-Bit to 18-Bit Programmable Angular Magnetic Encoder

Note that signal U from UVW protocol is tagged to signal I from the ABI protocol as shown in the following figure. Figure 13 U-to-I Tagging

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Magnetic Encoder IC

Recommended PCB Land Pattern (in mm)
Land Pattern Dimensions

10-Bit to 18-Bit Programmable Angular Magnetic Encoder

Recommended Lead Free Solder Reflow Soldering Temperature Profile

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