Apple Transparency Report: Government and Private Party Requests January 1 - June 30, 2020 Introduction Apple is very seriously committed to protecting your data and we work hard to deliver the most secure hardware, software and services available.
Governing Platforms Through Apple’s App Store in the U.S. and China Apple also receives requests from the Chinese government to remove apps because of illegal content, which it obliges. Apple’s 2020
Introduction Types of requests
we receive
Types of customer data sought in requests
Apple Transparency Report: Government and Private Party Requests
January 1 - June 30, 2020
Apple is very seriously committed to protecting your data and we work hard to deliver the most secure hardware, software and services available. We believe our customers have a right to understand how their personal data is managed and protected. This report provides information regarding requests Apple received from government agencies worldwide and U.S. private parties from January 1 through June 30, 2020.
Apple receives various forms of legal requests seeking information from or actions by Apple. We receive requests from governments globally where we operate and from private parties.
Government request circumstances can vary from instances where law enforcement agencies are working on behalf of customers who have requested assistance regarding lost or stolen devices, to instances where law enforcement are working on behalf of customers who suspect their credit card has been used fraudulently to purchase Apple products or services, to instances where an account is suspected to have been used unlawfully. Requests can also seek to preserve an Apple account, restrict access to an Apple account or delete an Apple account. Additionally, requests can relate to emergency situations where there is imminent harm to the safety of any person.
Private party request circumstances generally relate to instances where private litigants are involved in either civil or criminal proceedings.
Types of legal requests Apple receives from the United States can be: subpoenas, court orders, search warrants, pen register/trap and trace orders, or wiretap orders.
Types of legal requests Apple receives internationally can be: Production Orders (Australia, Canada, New Zealand), Requisition or Judicial Rogatory Letters (France), Solicitud Datos (Spain), Ordem Judicial (Brazil), Auskunftsersuchen (Germany), Obligation de dépôt (Switzerland), (Japan), Personal Data Request (United Kingdom), as well as equivalent court orders and/or requests from other countries.
The restrictions imposed by the sanctions laws generally prohibit Apple from responding to requests from countries, territories or governments sanctioned by the U.S. Department of Treasury, with the exception of requests involving exempt informational material or where prior authorization has been secured.
The type of customer data sought in requests varies depending on the case under investigation. For example, in stolen device cases, law enforcement generally seek details of customers associated with devices or device connections to Apple services. In credit card fraud cases, law enforcement generally seek details of suspected fraudulent transactions. Depending on what the legal request asks, Apple will provide subscriber or transaction details in response to valid legal requests received.
In instances where an Apple account is suspected of being used unlawfully, law enforcement may seek details of the customer associated with the account, account connections or transaction details or account content. Any U.S. government agency seeking customer content data from Apple must obtain a search warrant issued upon a showing of probable cause. International requests for content must comply with applicable laws, including the U.S. Electronic Communications Privacy Act (ECPA). A request under a Mutual Legal Assistance Treaty or Agreement with the U.S. is in compliance with ECPA.
The type of customer data sought in emergency situations generally relates to details of customers' connection to Apple services. We have a dedicated team available around the clock to respond to emergency requests. Apple processes emergency requests from law enforcement globally on a 24/7 basis. An emergency request must relate to circumstances involving imminent danger of death or serious physical injury to any person. If Apple believes in good faith that it is a valid emergency, we may voluntarily provide information to law enforcement on an emergency basis.
How we manage and respond to requests
Apple has a centralized and standardized process for receiving, tracking, processing, and responding to legal requests from law enforcement, government, and private parties worldwide, from when a request is received until when a response is provided.
How we count requests and responses
Government and private entities are required to follow applicable laws and statutes when requesting customer information and data. We contractually require our service providers to abide by the same standard for any government information requests for Apple data. Our legal team reviews requests received to ensure that the requests have a valid legal basis. If they do, we comply with the requests and provide data responsive to the request. If we determine a request does not have a valid legal basis, or if we consider it to be unclear, inappropriate and/or over-broad, we challenge or reject it.
Apple counts requests received from government agencies worldwide and United States private parties within the reporting period in which they are received. Overall numbers of requests and responses are reported.
A request with a valid legal basis is processed and responded to, and is counted as one request. A request that is challenged/rejected is counted as one request. Where new legal process is submitted to amend the request, it is counted as a new request. We count each request we challenge or reject for account-based, account restriction/ deletion, emergency and private party requests; and report these numbers accordingly.
We count the number of discernible devices, financial identifiers, and/or accounts specified in requests, and report these accordingly by type. If there are two identifiers for one device in a request, for example a serial number and IMEI number, we count this as one device. If there are multiple identifiers for one account in a request, for example Apple ID, full name and phone number, we count this as one account.
How we report requests and responses
For United States Government Requests by Legal Process Type reporting, where two types of legal process are combined in a single request, such as a search warrant with an incorporated court order, we record the request at the highest level of legal process and the request would be reported as a search warrant. An exception is where a pen register/trap and trace order is received; this is counted as a pen register/trap and trace order, notwithstanding that it may include a search warrant.
We report on requests and responses in the following categories:
1) Worldwide Government Device Requests 2) Worldwide Government Financial Identifier Requests 3) Worldwide Government Account Requests 4) Worldwide Government Account Preservation Requests 5) Worldwide Government Account Restriction/Deletion Requests 6) Worldwide Government Emergency Requests 7) United States Government National Security Requests 8) United States Government Device Requests by Legal Process Type 9) United States Government Financial Identifier Requests by Legal Process Type 10) United States Government Account Requests by Legal Process Type 11) United States Private Party Requests for Information 12) United States Private Party Requests for Account Restriction/Deletion 13) Worldwide Government App Store Takedown Requests - Legal Violations 14) Worldwide Government App Store Takedown Requests - Platform Policy Violations
Customer notification
For government agency requests for customer information and data, we report the numbers of requests we receive and our responses in various categories. For United States National Security requests for customer information and data, we report as much detail as we are legally allowed. In order to report FISA non-content and content requests in separate categories, Apple is required by law to delay reporting by 6 months and report the numbers in ranges of 500, pursuant to the USA FREEDOM Act of 2015.
When we receive an account request seeking our customers' information and data, we notify the customer that we have received a request concerning their personal data except where we are explicitly prohibited by the legal process, by a court order Apple receives, or by applicable law. We reserve the right to make exceptions, such as instances where we believe providing notice creates a risk of injury or death to an identifiable individual, or where the case relates to child endangerment, or where notice is not applicable to the underlying facts of the case.
Apple Transparency Report: January 1 - June 30, 2020
2
Table 1: Worldwide Government Device Requests January 1 - June 30, 2020
Table 1 provides information regarding device-based requests received. Examples of such requests are where law enforcement agencies are working on behalf of customers who have requested assistance regarding lost or stolen devices. Additionally, Apple regularly receives multi-device requests related to fraud investigations. Device-based requests generally seek details of customers associated with devices or device connections to Apple services.
Country or Region1
Asia Pacific Australia China mainland Hong Kong Japan Macau Malaysia New Zealand Singapore South Korea Taiwan Thailand Asia Pacific Total Europe, Middle East, India, Africa Andorra Austria Belarus Belgium Czech Republic Denmark Estonia Finland France Germany Greece Hungary India Ireland Israel Italy Liechtenstein Lithuania Luxembourg Malta Moldova Netherlands North Macedonia Norway Poland Portugal Romania Russia Slovenia South Africa Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey United Kingdom Europe, Middle East, India, Africa Total Latin America Argentina Brazil Chile Ecuador Latin America Total North America Canada Mexico United States of America North America Total Worldwide Total
# of Device Requests Received
918 910 48 1,427
3 1 34 735 61 110 5 4,252
# of Devices Specified in the Requests
2,398 13,243
84 4,899
5 1 53 778 2,948 292 5 24,706
# of Device Requests Where Data Provided
440 851
9 1,253
2 1 11 632 48 65 1 3,313
% of Device Requests Where Data Provided
48% 94% 19% 88% 67% 100% 32% 86% 79% 59% 20% 78%
28 132
1 120 42
7 2 10 695 13,021 28 50 57 94 2 208 1 1 2 1 1 50 1 8 36 103 4 1,055 9 21 965 180 202 8 564
17,709
1 1,542
109 1
1,653
18 3 4,641 4,662 28,276
28 202
1 352
69 1,076
2 67 1,574 19,633 48 4,059 158 616
2 457
1 1 2 1 7 202 2 12 49 141 39 1,671 40 924 1,856 4,889 459 13 1,075
39,728
1 9,212
149 1
9,363
129 3
97,439 97,571 171,368
18 3 1 98 38 3 1 5 456 10,568 19 37 42 79 0 24 1 0 1 0 0 34 0 3 27 66 4 884 9 18 763 168 163 1 462
13,996
0 1,315
92 0
1,407
15 0 3,790 3,805 22,521
64% 2%
100% 82% 90% 43% 50% 50% 66% 81% 68% 74% 74% 84%
0% 12% 100% 0% 50% 0% 0% 68% 0% 38% 75% 64% 100% 84% 100% 86% 79% 93% 81% 13% 82%
79%
0% 85% 84%
0% 85%
83% 0%
82% 82% 80%
1 Only countries / regions where Apple received device requests during report period January 1 - June 30, 2020, are listed.
Apple Transparency Report: January 1 - June 30, 2020
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# of Device Requests Received
The number of device-based requests received from a government agency seeking customer data related to specific device identifiers, such as serial number or IMEI number. Requests can be in various formats such as subpoenas, court orders, warrants, or other valid legal requests. We count each individual request received from each country/region and report the total number of requests received by country/region.
# of Devices Specified in the
Requests
The number of devices specified in the requests. One request may contain one or multiple device identifiers. For example, in a case related to the theft of a shipment of devices, law enforcement may seek information related to several device identifiers in a single request. We count the number of devices identified in each request, received from each country/region, and report the total number of devices specified in requests received by country/region.
# of Device Requests Where
Data Provided
The number of device-based requests that resulted in Apple providing data, such as customers associated with devices, device connections to Apple services, purchase, customer service, or repair information, in response to a valid legal request. We count each device-based request where we provide data and report the total number of such instances by country/region.
% of Device Requests Where
Data Provided
The percentage of device-based requests that resulted in Apple providing data. We calculate this based on the number of device-based requests that resulted in Apple providing data per country/ region, compared to the total number of device-based requests Apple received from that country/ region.
Apple Transparency Report: January 1 - June 30, 2020
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Table 2: Worldwide Government Financial Identifier Requests January 1 - June 30, 2020
Table 2 provides information regarding financial identifier-based requests received. Examples of such requests are where law enforcement agencies are working on behalf of customers who have requested assistance regarding suspected fraudulent credit card activity used to purchase Apple products or services. Financial identifier-based requests generally seek details of suspected fraudulent transactions.
Country or Region1
# of Financial Identifier Requests Received
# of Financial Identifiers Specified in the Requests
# of Financial Identifier
% of Financial Identifier
Requests Where Data Provided Requests Where Data Provided
Asia Pacific Australia China mainland Hong Kong Japan Macau Malaysia New Zealand Singapore South Korea Taiwan
Asia Pacific Total Europe, Middle East, India, Africa Austria Belgium Czech Republic Denmark Estonia Finland France Germany Greece Hungary India Ireland Italy Kazakhstan Lithuania Luxembourg Moldova Monaco Netherlands Norway Poland Portugal Romania Russia Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey United Arab Emirates United Kingdom Europe, Middle East, India, Africa Total Latin America Brazil Costa Rica Dominican Republic
Latin America Total
North America Canada Mexico United States of America
North America Total
Worldwide Total
75 39 237 166 11
1 4 89 20 255 897
24 11 25 6 1 3 360 554 3 7 250 18 105 1 1 2 1 1 1 4 26 12 19 40 543 9 32 73 1 30
2,163
6 12 2 20
9 1 621 631 3,711
201 2,017
535 1,292
28 1 4
617 20 289 5,004
71 29 47
6 1 30 1,117 3,991 3 7 253 87 222 1 1 200 1 2 1 4 38 21 19 47 615 10 575 73 8 857
8,337
6 12 2 20
75 1
4,824 4,900 18,261
32 22 74 134
9 1 3 64 15 238 592
0 7 17 1 0 1 245 431 1 5 132 13 6 0 1 1 0 0 1 4 18 9 15 10 361 6 22 57 1 12
1,377
3 0 0 3
9 1 450 460 2,432
1 Only countries / regions where Apple received financial identifier requests during report period January 1 - June 30, 2020, are listed.
43% 56% 31% 81% 82% 100% 75% 72% 75% 93% 66%
0% 64% 68% 17%
0% 33% 68% 78% 33% 71% 53% 72%
6% 0% 100% 50% 0% 0% 100% 100% 69% 75% 79% 25% 66% 67% 69% 78% 100% 40%
64%
50% 0% 0% 15%
100% 100%
72% 73% 66%
Apple Transparency Report: January 1 - June 30, 2020
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# of Financial Identifier Requests Received
The number of financial identifier-based requests received from a government agency seeking customer data related to specific financial identifiers, such as credit card or gift card number. Financial identifier-based requests can be in various formats such as subpoenas, court orders, warrants, or other valid legal requests. We count each individual request received from each country/region and report the total number of requests received by country/region.
# of Financial Identifiers Specified in
the Requests
The number of financial identifiers specified in the requests. One request may contain one or multiple financial identifiers. For example, in a case related to large scale fraud, law enforcement may seek information related to several credit card numbers in a single request. We count the number of financial identifiers identified in each request, received from each country/region, and report the total number of financial identifiers specified in requests received by country/region.
# of Financial Identifier Requests Where Data Provided
The number of financial identifier-based requests that resulted in Apple providing data, such as transaction details, in response to a valid legal request. We count each financial identifierbased request where we provide data and report the total number of such instances by country/region.
% of Financial Identifier Requests Where Data Provided
The percentage of financial identifier-based requests that resulted in Apple providing data. We calculate this based on the number of financial identifier-based requests that resulted in Apple providing data per country/region, compared to the total number of financial identifierbased requests Apple received from that country/region.
Apple Transparency Report: January 1 - June 30, 2020
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Table 3: Worldwide Government Account Requests January 1 - June 30, 2020
Table 3 provides information regarding account-based requests received. Examples of such requests are where law enforcement agencies are working on cases where they suspect an account may have been used unlawfully or in violation of Apple's terms of service. Account-based requests generally seek details of customers' iTunes or iCloud accounts, such as a name and address; and in certain instances customers' iCloud content, such as stored photos, email, iOS device backups, contacts or calendars.
Country or Region1
Asia Pacific Australia China mainland Hong Kong Japan New Zealand Singapore South Korea Taiwan Thailand Asia Pacific Total Europe, Middle East, India, Africa Andorra Austria Belgium Czech Republic Denmark Estonia Finland France Germany Greece Hungary India Ireland Israel Italy Liechtenstein Lithuania Luxembourg Malta Monaco Netherlands North Macedonia Norway Poland Portugal Romania Russia Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey United Kingdom Europe, Middle East, India, Africa Total Latin America Brazil Chile Costa Rica Latin America Total North America Canada Mexico United States of America North America Total Worldwide Total
# of Account Requests Received
# of Accounts Specified in the Requests
# of Account Requests Challenged in Part or
Rejected in Full
# of Account Requests Where Only Non-Content
Data Provided
# of Account Requests Where Content Data Provided
177
237
31
123
0
73
145
2
59
3
8
13
4
4
0
487
723
41
397
0
10
29
4
6
0
29
35
5
19
0
28
31
5
22
0
382
805
33
323
0
2
2
0
0
0
1,196
2,020
125
953
3
1
1
0
9
16
8
17
20
0
8
10
1
1
1
1
3
5
0
3
5
0
230
313
42
547
800
38
2
2
0
5
10
2
34
51
9
8
9
5
5
5
1
43
68
27
1
1
0
1
1
0
2
4
1
5
9
3
1
2
1
44
147
8
1
2
0
4
4
0
13
31
4
2
2
0
1
1
0
33
66
12
52
120
8
77
116
2
22
29
1
7
7
1
511
580
17
1,693
2,438
192
1,090
8,088
27
11
13
5
1
1
0
1,102
8,102
32
17
28
3
3
3
3
5,861
18,609
238
5,881
18,640
244
9,872
31,200
593
1 2 14 7 1 3 3 160 420 2 2 19 2 3 12 1 1 1 2 0 25 1 3 8 1 1 19 32 66 18 6 449
1,285
151 6 1
158
16 1
2,532 2,549 4,945
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1
4
801 0 0
801
0 0 2,590 2,590 3,398
1 Only countries / regions where Apple received account requests during report period January 1 - June 30, 2020, are listed.
% of Account Requests Where
Data Provided
69% 85% 50% 82% 60% 66% 79% 85%
0% 80%
100% 22% 82% 88%
100% 100% 100%
70% 77% 100% 40% 56% 25% 60% 28% 100% 100% 50% 40%
0% 57% 100% 75% 62% 50% 100% 58% 62% 87% 86% 86% 88%
76%
87% 55% 100% 87%
94% 33% 87% 87% 85%
Apple Transparency Report: January 1 - June 30, 2020
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# of Account Requests Received
The number of account-based requests received from a government agency seeking customer data related to specific Apple account identifiers, such as Apple ID or email address. Accountbased requests can be in various formats such as subpoenas, court orders, warrants, or other valid legal requests. We count each individual request received from each country/region and report the total number of requests received by country/region.
# of Accounts Specified in the
Requests
The number of accounts specified in the requests. One request may contain one or multiple account identifiers. For example, in a case related to suspected phishing, law enforcement may seek information related to several accounts in a single request. We count the number of accounts identified in each request, received from each country/region, and report the total number of accounts specified in requests received by country/region.
# of Account Requests
Challenged in Part or Rejected in Full
The number of account-based requests that resulted in Apple challenging the request in part, or rejecting the request in full, based on grounds such as a request does not have a valid legal basis, or is unclear, inappropriate, and/or over-broad. For example, Apple may reject a law enforcement request if it considers the scope of data requested as excessively broad for the case in question. We count each account-based request where we challenge it in part, or reject it in full, and report the total number of such instances by country/region.
# of Account Requests Where Only Non-Content
Data Provided
# of Account Requests Where
Content Data Provided
% of Account Requests Where
Data Provided
The number of account-based requests that resulted in Apple only providing non-content data, such as subscriber, account connections or transactional information, in response to a valid legal request. We count each account-based request where we provide only non-content data and report the total number of such instances by country/region.
The number of account-based requests that resulted in Apple providing content data, such as stored photos, email, iOS device backups, contacts or calendars, in response to a valid legal request. We count each account-based request where we provide content data and report the total number of such instances by country/region.
The percentage of account-based requests that resulted in Apple providing either non-content and/or content data. We calculate this based on the number of account-based requests that resulted in Apple providing data (including both non-content and content) per country/region, compared to the total number of account-based requests Apple received from that country/ region.
Apple Transparency Report: January 1 - June 30, 2020
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Table 4: Worldwide Government Account Preservation Requests January 1 - June 30, 2020
Table 4 provides information regarding account preservation requests received. Under the U.S. Electronic Communications Privacy Act (ECPA) government agencies may request Apple to preserve users' account data by performing a one-time data pull of the requested existing user data available at the time of the request for 90 days (up to 180 days if Apple receives a renewal request). Examples of such requests are where law enforcement agencies suspect an account may have been used unlawfully or in violation of Apple's terms of service, and request Apple to preserve the account data while they obtain legal process for the data.
Country or Region1
Asia Pacific Australia New Zealand Singapore Asia Pacific Total Europe, Middle East, India, Africa Belgium Finland France Germany India Ireland Luxembourg Netherlands Norway Poland Spain Sweden Switzerland Ukraine United Kingdom Europe, Middle East, India, Africa Total Latin America Argentina Brazil Chile Latin America Total North America Canada United States of America North America Total Worldwide Total
# of Account Preservation Requests Received
11 2 1 14
3 5 2 12 2 4 2 5 1 1 1 6 1 2 42 89
3 127
1 131
22 3,495 3,517 3,751
# of Accounts Specified in the Requests
24 2 1
27
6 15 2 32 23 12 5 11
1 1 1 7 2 2 74 194
3 578
3 584
31 9,164 9,195 10,000
# of Accounts Where Data Preserved
19 2 1 22
5 12 2 18 18 8 5 4
1 1 1 7 2 2 57 143
3 369
1 373
26 6,295 6,321 6,859
1 Only countries / regions where Apple received account preservation requests during report period January 1 - June 30, 2020, are listed.
# of Account Preservation Requests Received
# of Accounts Specified in the
Requests
# of Accounts Where Data Preserved
The number of account preservation requests received from a government agency. We count each individual request received from each country/region and report the total number of requests received by country/region.
The number of accounts specified in the requests. One request may contain one or multiple account identifiers. For example, in a case related to suspected illegal activity, law enforcement may request Apple to preserve information related to several accounts in a single request. We count the number of accounts identified in each request, received from each country/region, and report the total number of accounts specified in requests received by country/region.
The number of accounts that resulted in Apple preserving data in response to a valid preservation request. We count the number of accounts in each request where data was preserved and report the total number of accounts for which data was preserved by country/region.
Apple Transparency Report: January 1 - June 30, 2020
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Table 5: Worldwide Government Account Restriction/Deletion Requests January 1 - June 30, 2020
Table 5 provides information regarding account restriction/deletion requests received. Examples of such requests are where law enforcement agencies suspect an account may have been used unlawfully or in violation of Apple's terms of service, and request Apple to restrict or delete the account. For requests seeking to restrict/delete a customer's Apple ID, Apple requires a court order (including conviction or warrant) demonstrating that the account to be restricted/deleted was used unlawfully, except in situations where the case has been verified by Apple to relate to child endangerment.
Country or Region1
Asia Pacific Australia
# of Account Restriction/ Account Deletion Requests Received
# of Accounts Specified in the Requests
# of Requests Rejected/ Challenged Where No
Action Taken
# of Requests Where Account Restricted
# of Requests Where Account Deleted
1
1
1
0
0
Asia Pacific Total
1
1
1
0
0
Europe, Middle East, India, Africa Austria2
Germany
Sweden
Switzerland Europe, Middle East, India, Africa Total
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
4
4
3
0
0
North America
Canada2
2
2
0
1
0
Mexico
1
1
1
0
0
United States of America
10
17
0
10
0
North America Total
13
20
1
11
0
Worldwide Total
18
25
5
11
0
1 Only countries / regions where Apple received account restriction/deletion requests during report period January 1 - June 30, 2020, are listed. 2 Request received where Apple had no results for the account identified in the request.
# of Account Restriction/Account
Deletion Requests Received
The number of requests received from a government agency seeking to restrict or delete a customer's Apple account. We count each individual request received from each country/region and report the total number of requests received by country/region.
# of Accounts Specified in the
Requests
The number of accounts specified in the requests. One request may contain one or multiple account identifiers. For example, in a case related to possession or distribution of illegal material, law enforcement may request Apple to restrict or delete several accounts in a single request. We count the number of accounts identified in each request, received from each country/region, and report the total number of accounts specified in requests received by country/region.
# of Requests Rejected/
Challenged Where No Action Taken
The number of account restriction/deletion requests that resulted in Apple challenging or rejecting the request based on grounds such as a request does not have a valid legal basis, or is unclear, inappropriate, and/or over-broad, or where it is not accompanied by a court order (including conviction or warrant) demonstrating that the account to be restricted/deleted was used unlawfully; and where no action was taken by Apple. We count each account restriction/ deletion request where we challenge or reject it and report the total number of such instances by country/region.
# of Requests Where Account
Restricted
The number of requests where Apple determined the request and order sufficiently demonstrated the account to be restricted was used unlawfully and we proceeded with restriction. We count each request where we proceeded with account restriction and report the total number of such instances by country/region.
# of Requests Where Account
Deleted
The number of requests where Apple determined the request and order sufficiently demonstrated the account to be deleted was used unlawfully and we deleted the Apple account. We count each request where we deleted an account and report the total number of such instances by country/ region.
Apple Transparency Report: January 1 - June 30, 2020
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Table 6: Worldwide Government Emergency Requests January 1 - June 30, 2020
Table 6 provides information regarding emergency requests received. Under the U.S. Electronic Communications Privacy Act (ECPA) government agencies may request Apple to voluntarily disclose information, including customer information and contents of communications, to a government entity if Apple believes in good faith that an emergency involving imminent danger of death or serious physical injury to any person requires such disclosure without delay. International agencies may make similar requests to Apple under applicable local law. Examples of such requests are where a person may be missing and law enforcement believes the person may be in danger. Emergency requests generally seek details of customers' connections to Apple services.
Country or Region1
Asia Pacific Australia Japan Singapore Taiwan Asia Pacific Total Europe, Middle East, India, Africa Austria Czech Republic France Germany India Iraq Israel Italy Lithuania Netherlands Nigeria Norway Poland Portugal Spain Switzerland Turkey United Kingdom Europe, Middle East, India, Africa Total Latin America Brazil Chile Latin America Total North America Canada Mexico United States of America North America Total Worldwide Total
# of Emergency Requests Received
# of Requests Rejected/ Challenged & No Data
Provided
# of Emergency Requests Where No Data Provided
# of Emergency Requests Where Data Provided
% of Emergency Requests Where Data Provided
11
1
2
8
73%
10
0
0
10
100%
1
0
0
1
100%
10
0
0
10
100%
32
1
2
29
91%
6
0
3
3
50%
1
0
0
1
100%
11
0
0
11
100%
22
0
3
19
86%
4
0
1
3
75%
1
0
0
1
100%
2
0
0
2
100%
4
0
0
4
100%
1
0
0
1
100%
8
0
1
7
88%
1
0
0
1
100%
3
0
0
3
100%
4
0
0
4
100%
1
0
0
1
100%
1
0
0
1
100%
19
0
4
15
79%
1
0
0
1
100%
333
22
27
284
85%
423
22
39
362
86%
7
0
0
7
100%
3
0
0
3
100%
10
0
0
10
100%
62
0
5
57
92%
3
0
0
3
100%
240
2
17
221
92%
305
2
22
281
92%
770
25
63
682
89%
1 Only countries / regions where Apple received emergency requests during report period January 1 - June 30, 2020, are listed.
Apple Transparency Report: January 1 - June 30, 2020
11
# of Emergency Requests Received
The number of emergency requests received from a government agency. We count each individual request received from each country/region and report the total number of requests received by country/region.
# of Requests Rejected/Challenged
& No Data Provided
The number of emergency requests that resulted in Apple challenging or rejecting the request based on grounds such as a request is unclear, inappropriate, or fails to demonstrate that it relates to an emergency circumstance; and where no data was provided. We count each emergency request where we challenge or reject it and report the total number of such instances by country/region.
# of Emergency Requests Where No Data Provided
The number of emergency requests that resulted in Apple providing no data. For example, instances where there was no responsive data. We count each emergency request where we do not provide data and report the total number of such instances by country/region.
# of Emergency Requests Where
Data Provided
The number of emergency requests that resulted in Apple providing data, such as connections to Apple services, subscriber or transactional information, or in certain instances customers' iCloud content, such as stored photos, email, iOS device backups, contacts or calendars, in response to a valid emergency request. We count each emergency request where we provide data and report the total number of such instances by country/region.
% of Emergency Requests Where
Data Provided
The percentage of emergency requests that resulted in Apple providing data. We calculate this based on the number of emergency requests that resulted in Apple providing data per country/ region, compared to the total number of emergency requests Apple received from that country/ region.
Apple Transparency Report: January 1 - June 30, 2020
12
Table 7: United States Government National Security Requests January 1 - June 30, 2020
Table 7 provides information regarding United States national security requests that Apple received for customer data, including orders received under the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act ("FISA") and National Security Letters ("NSLs"). To date, Apple has not received any orders for bulk data.
We report national security requests received for Apple users/accounts (NSLs and orders received under FISA) within ranges permissible by law pursuant to the USA FREEDOM Act of 2015 ("USA Freedom"). In order to report FISA non-content and content requests in separate categories, Apple is required by law to delay reporting by 6 months and report in bands of 500. Though we want to be more specific, this is currently the range permitted under USA Freedom for reporting this level of detail regarding national security requests. Apple responds to National Security FISA content requests with information obtained from iCloud. Under the law, Apple cannot further disclose what information or data may be sought through these requests.
National Security Request Type FISA Non-Content Requests FISA Content Requests National Security Letters
# of Requests Received 0 - 499 0 - 499 1 - 499
# of Users/Accounts 11,000 - 11,499 20,500 - 20,999 1 - 499
National Security Letters where 1 non-disclosure order lifted
The below table identifies the National Security Letters received during this reporting period where the non-disclosure orders have been lifted and public disclosure is permitted. See Apple's Transparency website for redacted PDFs of these National Security Letters.
National Security Letter # NSL-20-508552
Issue Date 5/14/20
Non-Disclosure Order End Date 2/5/21
National Security Request Type
FISA Non-Content & Content Requests: FISA Court issued orders for non-content or content data. Non-content data is data such as subscriber or transactional information and connection logs. Content data is data such as stored photos, email, iOS device backups, contacts or calendars.
National Security Letters: Federal Bureau of Investigation issued requests for non-content data in national security investigations. Non-content data is data such as subscriber data. Apple does not produce transactional information and connection logs in response to National Security Letters.
# of Requests Received
The number of United States National Security requests received. We count each individual order and National Security Letter received for Apple users/accounts and report the total number of orders and National Security Letters received within bands/ranges permissible by law. Pursuant to USA Freedom, to report the number of non-content and content orders received, we are limited to providing this data in bands of 500.
# of Users/Accounts
We count the number of users/accounts in each request received for which Apple has data and report the total number of users/accounts within bands permissible by law. Pursuant to USA Freedom, we are limited to providing this data in bands of 500.
National Security Letter #
Government-issued reference number assigned when a National Security Letter is approved and signed by a Federal Bureau of Investigation Special Agent in Charge.
Issue Date
Non-Disclosure Order End Date
Date the National Security Letter was approved and signed by the Special Agent in Charge.
Date where a non-disclosure order for a specific National Security Letter is lifted and public disclosure of the National Security Letter is permitted.
Apple Transparency Report: January 1 - June 30, 2020
13
Tables 8, 9, 10: United States Government Requests by Legal Process Type January 1 - June 30, 2020
Tables 8, 9, and 10 provide information regarding United States requests by legal process type. Legal process types can be Search Warrants, Wiretap Orders, Pen Register/Trap and Trace Orders, Other Court Orders, or Subpoenas.
Table 8: United States Government Device Requests by Legal Process Type
Table 8 provides information regarding the types of legal process Apple received as Device Requests.
# of Device Requests
Search Warrants
Wiretap Orders
Pen Register/Trap & Trace Orders
Other Court Orders
4,641
646
N/A
7
153
% of Total (100%)
14%
-
~0%
3%
Subpoenas 3,835 83%
Table 9: United States Government Financial Identifier Requests by Legal Process Type
Table 9 provides information regarding the types of legal process Apple received as Financial Identifier Requests.
# of Financial Identifier Requests
Search Warrants
Wiretap Orders
Pen Register/Trap & Trace Orders
Other Court Orders
Subpoenas
621
96
N/A
0
48
477
% of Total (100%)
15%
-
0%
8%
77%
Table 10: United States Government Account Requests by Legal Process Type
Table 10 provides information regarding the types of legal process Apple received as Account Requests.
# of Account Requests Search Warrants
Wiretap Orders
Pen Register/Trap & Trace Orders
Other Court Orders
5,861
2,893
0
61
455
% of Total (100%)
49%
0%
1%
8%
Subpoenas 2,452 42%
Apple Transparency Report: January 1 - June 30, 2020
14
# of Device/ Financial Identifier/ Account Requests
The total number of United States government requests Apple received by request type (Device, Financial Identifier, and Account). We count each individual request received from the United States by request type and report the total number of requests received by request type.
Search Warrants
A search warrant is a judicial document used in a criminal case authorizing law enforcement officers to search a person or place to obtain evidence. The Fourth Amendment requires that law enforcement officers obtain search warrants by submitting affidavits and other evidence to a judge or magistrate to meet a burden of proof that a search will yield evidence related to a crime. The judge or magistrate will issue the warrant if satisfied that the law enforcement officers have met the burden of proof. For customer content, Apple requires a search warrant issued upon a showing of probable cause in order to provide content.
Wiretap Orders
A wiretap order is a specific type of court order used in a criminal case that authorizes law enforcement officers to obtain contents of communications in real-time. A Title III wiretap order includes requirements that law enforcement officers make an application and furnish evidence to a judge or magistrate to demonstrate there is probable cause to believe that interception of communications will yield evidence related to a particular crime, there is probable cause to believe that an individual has committed or is about to commit a particular crime and must specifically identify the individual/target whose communications are to be intercepted. A statement must also be included as to whether other investigatory measures have been tried and failed or are unlikely to succeed. If satisfied that the requirements have been met, the judge or magistrate will issue the wiretap order. A wiretap order allows the government to obtain content on a forward-looking basis for a specific limited period of time as opposed to stored historical content. Apple can intercept users' iCloud email communications upon receipt of a valid Wiretap Order. Apple cannot intercept users' iMessage or FaceTime communications as these communications are end-to-end encrypted.
Pen Register/Trap & Trace Orders
A pen register or trap and trace order is a specific type of court order used in a criminal case authorizing law enforcement officers to obtain headers of electronic communications and other non-content data in real-time. A pen register order requires law enforcement officers to make a statement of the offense to which the pen register relates and certify the information likely to be obtained is relevant/material to an ongoing criminal investigation. The legal standard for obtaining a pen register order is lower than what is required for a search warrant or a wiretap order. A pen register order allows the government to obtain non-content data on a forward-looking basis for a specific limited period of time as opposed to stored historical information. A pen register order can be combined with a court order/warrant for historical records; in such instances, we report the process type as pen register/trap and trace order.
Other Court Orders
A court order is a document issued by a judge or magistrate directing a person or entity to comply with the order. An order may be issued in either a criminal or civil case. Government agencies applying for an order in a criminal case must generally present facts and evidence to a judge or magistrate showing there are reasonable grounds to believe that the information sought is relevant and material to an ongoing criminal investigation or similar legal standard. Non-content data such as subscriber and transaction information can be provided in response to a court order.
Subpoenas
A subpoena or equivalent legal process request (e.g. petition or summons) is a document issued by a government agency or court directing a person or entity to comply with requests for information. Local, state and federal government agencies may issue subpoenas. Under many jurisdictions, a judge or magistrate is not required to review a subpoena before it is issued. Accordingly, the subpoena has the lowest threshold for burden of proof. A subpoena may be issued in either a criminal or civil case. Non-content data such as device, subscriber and connection information can be provided in response to a subpoena.
% of Total
The percentage of requests by Legal Process Type. We calculate this based on the number of respective Legal Process Types compared to the respective total number of Device/Financial Identifier/Account Requests received by Apple.
Apple Transparency Report: January 1 - June 30, 2020
15
Table 11: United States Private Party Requests for Information January 1 - June 30, 2020
Table 11 provides information regarding United States private party (non-government) requests for information. Examples of such requests are where private litigants are involved in either civil or criminal proceedings. Apple complies with these requests insofar as we are legally required to do so.
# of Private Party Requests
221 % of Total (100%)
# of Requests Rejected/ Challenged & No Data Provided
47
21%
# of Requests Where No Data Provided
126
57%
# of Requests Where Data Provided
48
22%
# of Private Party Requests
The number of requests received from private parties (non-government) in the United States seeking customer data related to specific devices, financial identifiers and/or accounts. We count each individual request received from private parties and report the total number of requests received.
# of Requests Rejected/
Challenged & No Data Provided
# of Requests Where No Data
Provided
The number of private party requests that resulted in Apple challenging or rejecting the request based on grounds such as a request does not have a valid legal basis, or is unclear and/or over-broad; and where no data was provided. We count each private party request where we challenge or reject it in full, and report the total number of such instances.
The number of private party requests that resulted in Apple providing no data. For example, where there was no responsive data. We count each instance where we do not provide data in response to a private party request and report the total number of such instances.
# of Requests Where Data Provided
The number of private party requests that resulted in Apple providing data in response to valid legal process or subscriber consent. We count each instance where we provide data in response to a private party request and report the total number of such instances.
% of Total
The percentages are calculated based on the number of the respective response types compared to the total number of private party requests received by Apple.
Apple Transparency Report: January 1 - June 30, 2020
16
Table 12: United States Private Party Requests for Account Restriction/Deletion January 1 - June 30, 2020
Table 12 provides information regarding United States private party (non-government) requests for Apple account restriction/ deletion. Examples of such requests are where private litigants are involved in either civil or criminal proceedings, and requests for Apple to restrict/delete an account may arise. For requests seeking to restrict/delete a customer's Apple ID, Apple requires a court order. Apple complies with these requests insofar as we are legally required to do so.
# of Account Restriction/ Account Deletion Requests
Received
1
# of Accounts Specified in the Requests
3
# of Requests Rejected/ Challenged Where No
Action Taken
0
# of Account Restriction Requests Where
Account Restricted
1
# of Account Deletion Requests Where Account Deleted
0
# of Account Restriction/Account
Deletion Requests Received
# of Accounts Specified in the
Requests
The number of requests received from private parties (non-government), such as participants in a civil or family law case, seeking to restrict or delete a customer's Apple ID. We count each individual request received from private parties and report the total number of requests received.
The number of accounts specified in the requests. One request may contain one or multiple account identifiers. For example, in a case related to multiple shared accounts, a private party may request Apple to restrict or delete several accounts in a single request. We count the number of accounts identified in each request received from private parties and report the total number of accounts specified in requests received.
# of Requests Rejected/Challenged
Where No Action Taken
The number of account restriction/deletion requests that resulted in Apple challenging or rejecting the request based on grounds such as a request does not have a valid legal basis, or is unclear, inappropriate, and/or over-broad, or where it is not accompanied by a court order demonstrating the grounds upon which the account is to be restricted/deleted; and where no action was taken by Apple. We count each account restriction/deletion request where we challenge or reject it and report the total number of such instances.
# of Account Restriction Requests
Where Account Restricted
# of Account Deletion Requests
Where Account Deleted
The number of account restriction requests where Apple determined the request and order sufficiently demonstrated the grounds upon which the specified account was to be restricted; and we proceeded with the requested restriction. We count each account restriction request where we proceeded with restriction and report the total number of such instances.
The number of account deletion requests where Apple determined the request and order sufficiently demonstrated the grounds upon which the specified account was to be deleted; and we deleted the Apple account. We count each account deletion request where we deleted an account and report the total number of such instances.
Apple Transparency Report: January 1 - June 30, 2020
17
Table 13: Worldwide Government App Store Takedown Requests - Legal Violations January 1 - June 30, 2020
Table 13 provides information regarding requests from government authorities to remove apps from the App Store based on alleged/suspected violations of local law. Examples of such requests are where law enforcement or regulatory agencies suspect an app may be unlawful or relate to/contain unlawful content. Apple complies with these requests insofar as we are legally required to do so.
(App removals were limited to requesting country/region App Store storefront, except if indicated otherwise in the footnotes)
Country or Region1
Asia Pacific China mainland2 Sri Lanka3 Taiwan4 Asia Pacific Total Europe, Middle East, India, Africa Germany5 India6 Norway4 Russia7 Switzerland4 Europe, Middle East, India, Africa Total Worldwide Total
# of Legal Violation Takedown Requests Received
# of Apps Specified in the Requests
# of Requests Objected to in
Part or Rejected in Full
# of Requests Where App Removed
46
152
1
1
1
1
48
154
0
46
0
1
0
1
0
48
1
1
2
38
1
34
3
4
1
8
8
85
56
239
0
1
0
2
0
1
0
3
0
1
0
8
0
56
# of Apps Removed
# of Appeals Received
# of Appeals Granted
# of Apps Reinstated
152
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
154
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
38
0
0
0
34
0
0
0
4
0
0
0
8
0
0
0
85
0
0
0
239
1
1
1
1 Only countries / regions where Apple received legal violation removal requests during report period January 1 - June 30, 2020, are listed. 2 Requests predominantly related to apps with pornography or other illegal content. 3 Request related to app with illegal content. 4 Request related to gaming or gambling app(s) not complying with regulations. 5 Request related to app failing to meet medical device law requirements. App removed from the 27 EU member states and the United Kingdom. 6 Requests predominantly related to apps identified as state security violations. 7 Requests related to apps operating without government license, predominantly gambling apps.
Apple Transparency Report: January 1 - June 30, 2020
18
# of Legal Violation Takedown Requests
Received
The number of requests received from a government agency seeking to take down a third party application offered on the App Store related to alleged/suspected legal violations. We count each individual request received from each country or region and report the total number of requests received by country or region.
# of Apps Specified in the Requests
The number of apps specified in the requests verified to be apps available on the App Store. A government agency request may contain one or multiple apps. We count the number of apps identified in each request received from each country or region and report the total number of apps specified in requests received by country or region.
# of Requests Objected to in Part or
Rejected in Full
The number of app takedown requests related to alleged/suspected legal violations that resulted in Apple objecting to or rejecting the request in part or in full based on grounds such as a request does not have a valid legal basis, or is unclear, inappropriate and/or over-broad, or does not sufficiently demonstrate the legal violation of the app to be removed. We count each App Store takedown request related to alleged/suspected legal violations where we object in part or reject in full and report the total number of such instances by country or region.
# of Requests Where App Removed
The number of App Store takedown requests where the request sufficiently demonstrated a valid legal violation and Apple proceeded with removal of app(s) from the App Store. We count each app takedown request related to alleged/suspected legal violations where we proceeded with app removal and report the total number of such instances by country or region.
# of Apps Removed
The number of App Store takedown requests where the request sufficiently demonstrated a valid legal violation and Apple proceeded with removal of app(s) from the App Store. We count each app takedown request related to alleged/suspected legal violations where we proceeded with app removal and report the total number of apps removed in such instances by country or region.
# of Appeals Received
The number of App Store takedown requests where Apple received notice of an appeal to court or government agency. We count each app takedown appeal related to alleged/suspected legal violations.
# of Appeals Granted
The number of App Store takedown requests where Apple received notice of a court or government agency granting an appeal to the takedown request. We count each app takedown appeal granted that related to alleged/suspected legal violations.
# of Apps Reinstated
The number of apps reinstated to the App Store due to a court or government agency appeal being granted. We count each app reinstated from app removal related to alleged/suspected legal violations.
Apple Transparency Report: January 1 - June 30, 2020
19
Table 14: Worldwide Government App Store Takedown Requests - Platform Policy Violations January 1 - June 30, 2020
Table 14 provides information regarding requests from government authorities to remove apps from the App Store based on alleged/suspected violations of App Store platform policies. Examples of such requests are where law enforcement or regulatory agencies suspect an app may violate the App Store platform policies or relate to/contain content violating platform policies. Apple complies with these requests where Apple has determined there is an App Store platform policy violation.
(App removals were worldwide)
Country or Region1
Asia Pacific China mainland2 Asia Pacific Total Europe, Middle East, India, Africa Kuwait3 Europe, Middle East, India, Africa Total Worldwide Total
# of Platform Policy Violation
Takedown Requests Received
16 16
1 1
17
# of Apps Specified in the Requests
# of Requests Objected to in
Part or Rejected in Full
38
0
38
0
1
0
1
0
39
0
# of Requests Where App Removed
16 16
1 1 17
# of Apps Removed
# of Appeals Received
# of Appeals Granted
# of Apps Reinstated
38
0
0
0
38
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
39
0
0
0
1 Only countries / regions where Apple received platform violation removal requests during report period January 1 - June 30, 2020, are listed. 2 Requests related to gambling apps and an app with pornographic content violating App Store Review Guidelines. 3 Request related to an app violating App Store Review Guideline(s).
Apple Transparency Report: January 1 - June 30, 2020
20
# of Platform Policy Violation Takedown Requests Received
The number of requests received from a government agency seeking to take down a third party application offered on the App Store related to alleged/suspected platform policy violations. We count each individual request received from each country or region and report the total number of requests received by country or region.
# of Apps Specified in the Requests
The number of apps specified in the requests verified to be apps available on the App Store. A government agency request may contain one or multiple apps. We count the number of apps identified in each request received from each country or region and report the total number of apps specified in requests received by country or region.
# of Requests Objected to in Part or
Rejected in Full
The number of app takedown requests related to alleged/suspected platform policy violations that resulted in Apple objecting to or rejecting the request in part or in full based on grounds such as a request does not have a valid legal basis, or is unclear, inappropriate and/or overbroad, or does not sufficiently demonstrate the platform policy violation of the app to be removed. We count each App Store takedown request related to alleged/suspected platform policy violations where we object in part or reject in full and report the total number of such instances by country or region.
# of Requests Where App Removed
The number of App Store takedown requests where Apple determined the request sufficiently demonstrated a valid App Store platform policy violation and Apple proceeded with removal of app(s) from the App Store. We count each app takedown request related to alleged/suspected platform policy violations where we proceeded with app removal and report the total number of such instances by country or region.
# of Apps Removed
The number of App Store takedown requests where Apple determined the request sufficiently demonstrated a valid App Store platform policy violation and Apple proceeded with removal of app(s) from the App Store. We count each app takedown request related to alleged/suspected platform policy violations where we proceeded with app removal and report the total number of apps removed in such instances by country or region.
# of Appeals Received
The number of App Store takedown requests where Apple received notice of an appeal to court or government agency. We count each app takedown appeal related to alleged/suspected platform policy violations.
# of Appeals Granted
The number of App Store takedown requests where Apple received notice of a court or government agency granting an appeal to the takedown request. We count each app takedown appeal granted that related to alleged/suspected platform policy violations.
# of Apps Reinstated
The number of apps reinstated to the App Store due to a court or government agency appeal being granted. We count each app reinstated from app removal related to alleged/suspected platform policy violations.
Apple Transparency Report: January 1 - June 30, 2020
21
Matters of note in this report:
Government requests related to customer data / accounts
Table 1 Worldwide Government Device Requests China mainland - High number of devices specified in requests predominantly due to tax and customs investigations.
Denmark - High number of devices specified in requests predominantly due to a cargo theft investigation.
Germany - High volume of device requests predominantly due to stolen device investigations.
Hungary - High number of devices specified in requests predominantly due to a tax fraud investigation from Tax and Customs Authorities.
South Africa - High number of devices specified in requests predominantly due to stolen device investigations.
South Korea - High number of devices specified in requests predominantly due to stolen device investigations.
Sweden - High number of devices specified in requests predominantly due to a cargo theft investigation.
United States - High number of devices specified in requests predominantly due to return and repair fraud investigations.
Table 2 Worldwide Government Financial Identifier Requests China mainland - High number of financial identifiers specified in requests predominantly due to an investigation of unauthorized access to App Store & iTunes Gift Cards.
Germany - High volume of financial identifier requests predominantly due to App Store & iTunes Gift Card and credit card fraud investigations.
Luxembourg - High number of financial identifiers specified in requests predominantly due to App Store & iTunes Gift Cards related to a financial fraud investigation.
Spain - High volume of financial identifier requests predominantly due to App Store & iTunes Gift Card and credit card fraud investigations.
United Kingdom - High number of financial identifiers specified in requests predominantly due to a tax fraud investigation.
United States - High number of financial identifiers specified in requests predominantly due to a trade-in fraud investigation.
Table 3 Worldwide Government Account Requests Brazil - High volume of account requests predominantly due to court orders where investigation type was not indicated and non-violent crime or drug investigations.
United States - High volume of account requests with no predominant investigation type.
Mutual Legal Assistance Treaty (MLAT) Requests Requests received from a foreign government pursuant to the MLAT process or through other cooperative efforts with the United States government are included in Apple's transparency report. Apple has been able to determine 6 MLAT requests for information were issued by the United States government in this reporting period. However, this may not be the precise number of MLAT requests received, as in some instances a United States court order or search warrant may not indicate that it is the result of an MLAT request. In instances where the originating country was identified, we count and report the MLAT request under the country of origin. In instances where the originating country was not identified, we count and report the request under the United States of America.
Apple Transparency Report: January 1 - June 30, 2020
22
Matters of note in this report:
Government requests related to
app removals
Table 13 Worldwide Government App Store Takedown Requests - Legal Violations China mainland - Requests predominantly related to apps with pornography or other illegal content.
Germany - Request related to app failing to meet medical device law requirements. App removed from the 27 EU member states and the United Kingdom.
India - Requests predominantly related to apps identified as state security violations.
Norway - Request related to gambling apps not complying with regulations.
Russia - Requests related to apps operating without government license, predominantly gambling apps.
Sri Lanka - Request related to app with illegal content.
Switzerland - Request related to illegal gambling apps.
Taiwan - Request related to gaming app not complying with regulations. Developer resolved issue and submitted appeal to agency. Agency provided approval for app to be restored.
Table 14 Worldwide Government App Store Takedown Requests - Platform Policy Violations China mainland - Requests related to gambling apps and app with pornographic content violating App Store Review Guidelines.
Kuwait - Request related to app violating App Store Review Guideline(s).
Apple Transparency Report: January 1 - June 30, 2020
23
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