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Electronic Design V23 N02 19750118

FOR ENGINEERS AND ENGINEERING MANAGERS

JAN. 18, 1975

The first 10-bit CMOS ADC chip features direct interfacing wi~h LSI microprocessors. The analog-to-digital converter uses successive approximation for fast

data acquisition. The chip has thin-film circuitry but needs an external comparator and reference. CMOS cuts power and increases voltage range. More on p. 81.

ultra-miniature transformers
Y4/x%//

SPECI
· MIL-T-27D: All Units Are Designed to MIL-T-27D and Are Hermetically Sealed in a Metal Case. PICO is a QPL source.
· Frequency Response: ± 3 db, 400 Hz-250 KHz at 1.0 milliwatt.
· Maximum Distortion: 5% With Rated Power Level at 1 KHz.
· Dielectric Strength : All Units Tested at 200 V RMS.
· Insulation Resistance: Greatsr than 10,000 Megohms at 300 V DC.
· Weight: 1.1 GRAMS.
· Operating Temperature : - 55° C to 105° C (All Un its Can Be Su pplied to Class S Requirements 130 °C maximum).
· Terminals: .012 Diameter Gold Plated Dumet Wi re In Accordance Wi th MIL-STD-1276 Type D. Leads May Be Welded or Soldered.
· Thermal Shock: 25 Cycles, Method 107C, MIL-STD-202D , Test Cond ition A-1

PICO PART NUMBER F Strl11
F5705 F5710
F5715
F5720
F5725

PICO PART NU MIER 8 Strfll
06005 08010
08015
08020
08025

F5730 F5735 F5740 F5745 F5750

06030 06035 06040 06045 06050

F5755 F5760 F5765 F5770 F5775

G6055 G6060 G6065 G6070 G6075

F5780 F5785 F5790 F5795 FSBOO

G6080 G6085 G6090 G6095 G6100

F5805 F5810 F5815 F5820

G6105 G6110 G611 5 G6120

PRIMARY IMPEDANCE
OHMS 50 100 120 ct 150 ct 300 c t
400 ct 500 ct 500 600 ct 900 ct
1K cl 1.5K ct 2K ct 10K ct 10K
10K ct 10K 10K ct 10K ct 10K
10K ct 25K ct 25K 30K ct

SECONDARY IMPEDANCE
OHMS 50 100
3.2 12 split 600 split
400 spl i t 50 split
600 600 split 600
1K split 600 splil
BK split 500 split 500
1 2K spl i t 1.2K 2K spl it 10K ct 10K
10K split 1K split 1K 1.2K

PJWER MILLIWATTS
111 KHz 100 100 100 100 100
100 100 100 100 100
100 100
80 80 80
80 80 80 80 80
80 50 50 50

PRIMAR Y UNBALANCED DC CURRENT
ma
5.0 5.0 4.5 4.0 3.0
2.5 2 .0 2.0 2.0 1.5
1.5 1.2 1 .0 0 .5 0.5
0 .5 0 .5 0.5 0.5 0 .5
0.5 0.3 0.3 0 .3

PRIMARY Dt
RESISTAN CE OHMS 7.5 15 15 20 40
54 62 62 70 130
110 175 200 1000 1000
1100 1100 1100 11 00 1100
1100 21 00 2100 2300

SECONDARY DC
RESISTANC E OHMS
9 .0 18
0 .75
2 .4
90

MILITARY DESIGN ATION TF5RX17ZZ TF5RX17ZZ TF5RX17ZZ TF5RX17ZZ TF5 RX17ZZ

TF5 RX17ZZ

TF5RX17ZZ

TF5 RX17ZZ

140 69
1000 60 60

TF5RX17ZZ TF5 RX12ZZ TF5RX12ZZ TF5RX12ZZ TF5RX12ZZ

160 130 250 11 00 1100

TF5RX12ZZ TF5RX12ZZ TF5RX12ZZ TF5RX12ZZ TF5 RX12ZZ

1100 130 130 180

TF5RX12ZZ TF5 RX12ZZ TF5RX12ZZ TF5RX12ZZ

INDUCTORS

Send today for PICO's Designers Kit!

PI CO PAR T

PICO PAR T

NUMBER NUMBER

PICO now offers a Designer's Kit co ntaining ten (10) repres entational Y4" x Y4" F Serles 6 Serles

INDUCTANCE HENRI ES

CURRENT RESISTANCE MILITARY

OHMS

DESIGNATION

transformers. The kit contains PICO's F5710 and G6025 ; F5730 and G6045 ; F5755 and G6065 ; F5770 and G6090 ; F5795 and G6110.

F5825

G6125

SERIES ( lO2..O75 PARALLEL ( 2·.565

0 2 0 4

2250 560

TF5 RX20Z Z

PICO's Designers Kit No. FG-1 00 ... $50.00 each
In addition to the 1/4" Series PICO offers over 600 other standard transformers to choose from.
Deliverit- stock to one week . .. specials take a little longer- 9 days.
Send for free 'j6 page catalog.

F5830 F5835 F5840

G6130

SE RI ES [

5 1

.·55

PARALLEL ( 1·.340

0 2
0 4

G61 35

! SER IES ! PARALLEL

.8 5 .25 .21
.06

1 6 2 12

G6140

! SE RIES ! PARALLEL

.6 .15
.15 .04

0 5 0 10

1000 250 240 60 144 36

TF5RX20ZZ TF 5RX20ZZ TF5R X20ZZ

PICO Electronics,Inc.
50 South MacQuesten Pkwy. , Mt. Vernon , New York 10551 · Telephone 914-699-5514 Fo r immediate pricing and engineering informa tion- call collect
INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NUMBER 24 3

For years, we've been bullish on high-priced sweepers. Sure, there were plenty of low -priced offerings, if you wanted to speculate with hobbyist quality. But if you really wanted to make a clean sweep, you looked to the blue

chips - and to spending about a grand. But now Wavetek has issued the Model 1050, an instrument that everyone can afford (even those in a tight capital equipment spending predicament). It sweeps from 1 MHz to 400 MHz with the sig nal quali ty needed for both lab and production use. The instrument features ±0.25 dB output flatness, 2% display linearity, spurious signals 30 dB below output, and a maximum amplitude of +10

dBm . It's available in 50-ohm and 75-ohm versions, a nd the price for either is just $495 . In our opinion, this is the time to buy. Write or call us for a complete statement of the Model 1050's performance. Wavetek Indiana, Inc., P.O. Box 190, Beech Grove, Indiana 46107 . Tel. (317) 783-3221. TWX 810-341 -3226.
WAVETE~
INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NUMBER 2

FREQUENCY
l
'G.-
0... 8-

SWEEP GENERATOR

---MARKER---

WIDTH

SI ZE

ATTENUATION
I
30

·POWER

SWEEP WIDTH

FREO

I Har 10 Har 50 Har

HORIZ

sc ope out

VERT

DEMOD on

VERNIER AT TEN

RF out

off

' ·

The first 24 med l.iED lamp!

And thats 24 med at only 10 mA
for our brightest red lamp.
At 20 mA you can get over 48 med
of light output.

NARROW BEAM
5082- -
WIDE BEAM
5082-

HPs new high efficiency material makes these new bright LEDs possible. With our brightest yellow you get 16 med at 10 mA. Our brightest green offers 16 med at 20 mA.

Three colors, two beam angles, and two luminous intensity categories are available in the popular T 1-3/4 package. Twelve new LEDs, one just right for your application.

All are available for immediate delivery, just $0.89*each or $1.15*each at the 100 piece level, depending on brightness category.

Contact Hall-Mark, Schweber, Wilshire or the Wyle Distribution Group (Liberty/ Elmar) for immediate delivery. Or, write us for more details. They offer
you new ways to apply solid-state technology in your products.
01so2 ·Domestic USA Prices Only.

HEWLETT f'ijiJPACKARD
Sales and service from 172 offices In 65 countries.
1so1 Page Mill Road , Palo Al10. Calllotn1a 9-4304

INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NUMBER 3

ELECTRONIC' DESIGN 2, Ja nuary 18. 1975

NEWS
19 News Scope 24 Special report on scientific calculators-Growing family of small
machines at $50 and up does comp lex math. 34 From the Electron Devices Meeting-Better microwave semiconductor
fabrication pushing power and reliability up. 36 Evolutionary growth helps CRTs keep pace with newer displays.
41 Washington Report

TECHNOLOGY
50 Reverse-Polish or algebraic entry-which is best? Calculator manufacturers make similar claims for each, but an objective study reveals a winner.
56 Need a small keyboard? Obtain binary-coded output from a low-cost sequentialscanning circuit that can be easily expanded from 10 to 64 keys.
62 Use digiial counting logic to generate precise waveforms. You can digitally change the amplitudes and the starting and stopping points.
68 Job ratings hinge on mutual commitment between engineers and their managers in this method of eval·uation. It's designed to align personal goals with those of the company.
72 Ideas for Design: Precision voltage reference easily converts to a current limiter ... High-speed switch handles ±400-V peak and is controlled by logic levels ... Operate a 555 timer on a ± 15·\' supply and deliver op-amp compatible signals.
78 International Technology

PRODUCTS

81 Integrated Circuits: 10-bit CMOS a/d converter chip iinterfaces with LSI microprocessors .

85 Modules & Sub.assemblies: 200-A motor controller gives high power in a small package.

87 Power Sources: Ac/de voltage source offers programmability and prec1s1or,i .

94 Instrumentation: Digital unit boosts time-base accuracy.

88 Discrete Semiconductors

92 Data Processing

91 Packaging & Materials

DEPARTMENTS

47 Editorial: Service with a smile

7 Across the Desk

96 New Literature

104 Product Index

102 Advertisers' lindex

104 Information Retrieval Card

Cover: Photo by Paul Wagner, courtesy of Analog Devices , Norwood, MA.

ELECTRONIC DESIGN is published biweekly by Hayden Publishing Company, Inc., 50 Essex St., Rochel le Park , N. J . 07662 . James S. Mulholland Jr., President. Printed at Brown Printing Co ., Inc. , Waseca , Minn. Controll ed
circulation postage paid at Waseca , Minn ., and New York, N. Y., postage pending Roch elle Park, N. J. Copy·
right © 1975, Hayden Publishing Company, Inc. All rights reserved .

ELECTRONIC DESIGN 2, January 18, 1975

tacolnplete
your system for less

Cash in on the demand for economical intelligent
products with Intel's inex-

pensive new 4040 CPU, 4201

integrated system clock,

4308 high density, low cost

program memory and three

new I/O components.Faster

and more versatile than any

other MOS 4-bit micropro-

I 44200410 CCPWUCK GENERATOR GINOSOTDRUFMOERNTTRSAVFEFINCDCI NOGNTMRAOCLHLIENRFS.S,,DPIRAOGCEOSSSTIC

cessor unit, the 4040 can t0 ta11y autornate a sma11er sys-

wai43~0~8 iZ1iKxE8mR!~0iME&~If:J~ O ==CO=N=TR=O=LLE=RS=,=LARG~E=S=YSTE~M~PRiEPiROFCmESiSOiRSi, E_TC.. . tern Or large portions Of a big

L:O

system.Yet an MCS-40 micro-

computer system with CPU, clock, memory and I/O costs as little as $29.95.

Many equipment manufacturers are replacing hardwired logic and bulky elec-

tromechanical assemblies with MCS-40 systems. Most moderate speed control logic

built with TTL can be replaced.The savings certificates show only a few 4040 applica-

cations.MCS-40 devices can be used with our 4004 central processor unit, too.The

4004, in production since June 1971, can lower system costs even more.

liiiiiiiiiiiif.Jiiii!!i;iif;fjjg!!liiif[ijiiiiiiiiil

With either CPU, you'll save develop-

ment time, lower

component count

and reduce assembly

costs.You'll save

even more as micro-

'1040 CPU
4201 CWCK GENERATOR 4002 RAM 4003 SHIFT REGISTER 4308 1Kx8 ROM & 1/0

Good For Dara CoUectors with
Calculators, Distributed InteUigence
Systems, CaSsette Dara Systems and P.dper-Tape Equipment, Printer, Keyboard,
Display and Control Panel Controllers, etc.

computer costs decline while other system costs rise. And you'll gain valuable insurance against product obsolescence. Any

=============a

design is easy to program and update

with Intel's total development suppo"rt, assemblers and Intellec 4/MOD 40 development systems.Our training centers will ~ven teach you how to use Int:l microcomputers.

E LECTRON IC D ESIGN 2. J a nu a ry 18, 197 5

mi·crocomputer 1· n
than$3Q.

In high

volume for just

$29.95, you can

buy an MCS-40

system with the

4040 CPU, 4308

1Kx8 ROM with

four independent

'fOtO 4-BlT PAllALLEL QIU

4002 momT RAM AND ID

I/.O ports, and

OJI SWTEM a.OCK

4101 lK STATIC RAM {2!1&4)

4201 system clock

4901 2K .WAND 00 4'!I08 8K 8'»f AND QUAD ID

4005 SHDT REGlSTEll 4207 GP BYTE <XTI'PUI'

generator. The

-4.516 - ~ (2Kx8) 4702A 2K PROM (ERASABLE)

4209 GP BYTE INPUT 4211 GENERAL PURPOSE

4040 itself has 60

4289 MD«In' INl'ERB\CE

BYTE INPUT AND <XTI'PUI'

...__ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ___.

i7n-lsetvruelctsiuobnrso, utine

nesting, 24 index registers, interrupt processing, memory and index register bank switching, single-step operation and a low power standby mode.
A few dollars more buys extra computation flexibility. Use our 4289 interface, for example, to attach standard memory or I/O devices. And, at only $99.95 in quantity of one, the system with the 4702 erasable PROM is ideal for prototypes and low volume production.
At these prices, you can even use several microcomputers in large systems. Knowledgeable designers are putting 4040 intelligence into new products at less cost than simple-minded electromechanical parts and single-minded logic cards.Write for details on the MCS-40 family and the industry's most extensive software support. Or call any Intel office for an appointment with our applications engineers.
Intel Corporation, 3065 Bowers Ave., Santa Clara, Calif.95051(408)246-7501.

intel·Microcomputers. First from the beginning.

INFORMATION RET RIEVAL NUMBER 4

ELECTRON IC D ES IGN 2. J anu a ry 18. 1975

Ribbon Cable I IC Interconnects I Custom Harnesses

You 're sold on flat cable, now buy it at its best. Precise, compact cable packages to fit your specifications perfectly, computer-loomed for unmatched versatility by Woven Electronics.
Handling ease of independent non-bonded leads speeds production, cuts cost, while technical characteristics outrank other flat cable forms.
Make Woven your source for jumpers, continuous rolls, special harnesses, all your interconnect needs.

WOUED ELEETRODIES

P.O. Box 189 Mauldin, South Garolina 29622

803/963-5131

INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NUMBER 5
6

Vice President, Publisher
Peter Coley
Editors
Editorial Offices 50 Essex St. Rochelle Park, NJ 07662 (201) 843-0550 TWX: 710-990 5071 Cable: Haydenpubs Rochelleparlc' Editor-in-Chief George Rostky Managing Editors: Ralph Dobriner Michael Elphick Associate Editors: Dave Bursky Jules H. Gilder Morris Grossman Seymour T. Levine John F. Mason Stanley Runyon Edward A. Terrero Richard L. Turmail Contributing Editors: Peter N. Budzilovich Alberto Socolovsky Nathan Sussman
Editorial Field Offices
East Jim McDermott, Eastern Editor P.O. Box 272 Easthampton, MA 01027 (413) 527-3632 West David N. Kaye, Senior Western Editor 8939 S. Sepulveda Blvd., Suite 510 Los Angeles, CA 90045 (213) 641-6544 Northe K. Osbrink, Western Editor 112 Coloma St. Santa Cruz, CA 95060 (408) 426-3211
Editorial Production
Marjorie A. Duffy
Art
Art Director, William Kelly Richard Luce Anthony J. Fischetto
Production
Manager, Dollie S. Viebig Helen De Polo Anne Molfetas Christopher G. Hill
Circulation
Manager, Evan Phoutrides
Information Retrieval
Peggy Long
Promotion
Manager, Walter G. Salm Karen Kerrigan (Reprints)
ELECTRONIC D ESIGN 2, January 18, 1975

(across the desk)

low cost ceramic trimmer capacitors

Additional thoughts on de/de converters
You did a fine job on the "Focus on DC/ DC Converters" (ED No. 23, Nov . 8, 1974, pp. 70-78 ) . Here are some additional points:
1. On p. 75 you say: "Alternately you can buy a unit completely enclosed in a metal can. If you do, make sure the unit is surrounded on all sides and that the shield is unbroken. Remember that aluminum doesn't provide magnetic shielding. . . . "
A closed conductive container will give shielding against the radio-frequency magnetic fields (see F. Langford-Smith, "Radiotron Designer's Handbook," 4th Edition, 1952, RCA Electronic Components, Harrison, NJ 07029 ) . In addition the proper circuit layout can make a large difference in the external field. The principles behind this layout are well known to competent rf engineers, but they may not be known by engineers with experience in only power supplies and low-frequency equipment.
2. On p. 75: "Because the dynamic input impedance of a converter can become negative under certain conditions, the possibility exists for external impedances to interact with this negative impedance .. . . The system breaks out into neat but rather disturbing, oscillations .... Solution: Shuffle the impedances at the input terminals or add damping networks."
For a cure to this problem, refer to N. Sokal, "Watch Out for Problems in Switching-Mode Power Equipment," ED No. 1, Jan. 4, 1974, pp. 144-145.
3. On p. 78: "If you want to

bui ld your own, Microtran and others carry a line of de/ de converter transformers which come with suggested schemati cs. Or you can get a custom house--such as Design Automation or Prototype Transformer Corp.- to design one for you."
A reader could understand from this that Design Automation is a source for custom designs of only the transformers. Design Automation will supply a custom design for the entire de/ de converter, as well as for the transformerproperly designed and documented so that the client can manufacture it bug-free .
Nathan 0. Sokal
Presi dent Design Automation, Inc. 809 Massachusetts Ave. Lexington, MA 02173
Digi'tal power meters neat, but not unique
In the article "It's a New World of Measurement at 1 GHz and Higher" (ED No. 24, Nov. 22, 1974, pp. 114-119 ) , the digital readout of General Microwave's Model 475 power meter is described as a "unique feature for power met ers ." It is far from unique! We know of at least four other manufacturers of digital power meters, including our own company, with hundreds of units in the field.
To ignore other products in a survey article of this type is understandable. But to brand fal sely one instrument as "unique" i playing fast and loose with either
( continued on page 16)

J
These ceramic trimmer capacitors are designed for broadband application, from audio to 500 MHz and afford an ideal low cost means of "trimming" circuitry such as crystal oscillators, CATV amplifiers and all varieties of communication and test equipment.
FEATURES · Cap acitance valu es fro m
1 - 3 to 5 - 25 pf · Low profile - .208 above board
height · Low cost-
75c in 1000 q uantities · Delivery fro m stock

Electronic Design welcomes the opinions of its readers on the issues ra ised in the magazine's editorial columns. Address letters to Managing Ed itor, Electronic Design, 50 Essex St. Rochelle Park, N.J. 07662. Try to keep letters under 200 words. Letters must be signed. Names will be withheld on request.
ELECTRONIC D ESIGN 2, January 18 , 1975

MANUFACT UR ING CORPORATION
BOONTON, NEW JERSEY 07005 201 I 334-2676
TW X 710-987-8367
INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NUMBE R 6

The incredibly successful PDP-11/05 has just taken a giant step forward into the third generation.
And a giant step backward in price.
Introducing the PDP-11/04. For OEM's who couldn't afford aPDP-11 before.
At $1647* it's got more going for it than any other computer in its class:
MOS memory using 4K semiconductor chips.
The easiest-to-operate
operator's console ever designed.

A single high-speed data bus- UNIBUSTM - through which all system components and peripherals communicate.
Direct memory addressing. Automatic hardware stack. Automatic priority interrupts (vectored). Unique self test feature. PDP-11/05 instruction set. And it'll be ready for delivery in July of '75. ThePDP-11/04. It's just what you've been waiting for. And now you can get it. Just contact any of the

Digital offices below, or call or write Digital Equipment Corporation, Maynard, MA 01754. (617) 897-5111. European headquarters: 81 route de l'Aire, 1211 Geneva 26. Tel: 42 79 50. Digital Equipment of Canada Ltd., PO Box 11500 Ottawa, Ontario K2H 8K8. (613) 592-5111.

Single Unit Prices **

Digital Equipment Computer Automation Data General General Automation Hewlett Packard Interdata

PDP-11/04

LSI II

Nova2/4

SPC-16/45

21M/10

7/16

$2495 $2765 $3200 $3950 $5950 $3200

*SO-unit quantities. Prices apply to U.S.A. and Canada only. **Most recently published prices.

USA
ALABAMA Huntsville (205) 881-7730
ARIZONA Phoenix (602) 268-3488 Tucson (602) 793-7881
CALIFORNIA Mountain View (415) 964-6200 Los Angeles (213) 479-3791 Santa Ana (714) 979-2460, (213) 628-0191 San Diego (714) 280-7880 Sunnyvale (408) 735-9200
COLORADO Englewooa (303) 770-6150
CONNECTICUT Fairfield (203) 255-5991
FLORIDA Fort Lauderdale (305) 739-0530 Orlando (305) 851-4450
GEORGIA Atlanta (404) 451-7411
HAWAII Kailua, Oahu (808) 261-3182
ILLINOIS Chicago (312) 498-2500
INDIANA Indianapolis (317) 243-8341
IOWA Bettendorf (319) 359-7444
LOUISIANA New Orleans (504) 837-0257
EL ECT RO IC D ESIG 2, Janua ry 18. 197 5

MAINE

OKLAHOMA

Portland (207) 774-6822

Tulsa (918) 749-4476

MARYLAND

OREGON

Washington, D.C. (301) 459-7900 Portland (503) 687-2260

Baltimore (301) 752-8797

PENNSYLVANIA

MASSACHUSETTS

Philadelphia (215) 825-4200

Maynard-Corporate

Pittsburgh (412) 243-8500

Headquarters (617) 897-5111 SOUTH CAROLINA

Waltham -

Columbia (803) 252-4645

Regional Office (617) 890-0330 TENNESSEE

Westfield (413) 568-9511

Knoxville (615) 588-6571

MICHIGAN

Nashville (615) 889-5908

Ann Arbor (313) 761-1150

TEXAS

Southfield (313) 559-6565

Austin (512) 454-3660

MINNESOTA

Dallas (214) 620-2051

Minneapolis (612) 854-6562

Houston (713) 777-3471

MISSOURI

UTAH

Independence (816) 252-2300

Salt Lake City (801) 467-4669

St. Louis (314) 872-8540

VERMONT

NEW HAMPSHIRE

Montpelier (802) 229-0424

Nashua (603) 224-6629

VIRGINIA

NEW JERSEY

Richmond (804) 233-6935

Fairfield (201) 227-9280

WASHINGTON

NEW MEXICO

Seattle (206) 641-0070

Albuquerque (505) 296-5411 WISCONSIN

NEW YORK

Milwaukee (414) 463-9110

Albany (518)869-3506

New York City (212) 582-1300 CANADA

NORTH CAROLINA

ONTARl0(613)592-5111

Durham(919)489-3347

OHIO

EUROPE

Cleveland (216) 289-9000

SWITZERLAND

Dayton (513) 294-3323

Geneva (022) 42-79-50

INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NUMBER 7
9

The'SOUACE'
for Digiral Instrument Printers

Need a hard copy printer that is readable, reliable, flexible and maintainable?
With DigiTec's instrument printers you get a model to fulfill your exact specifications.
Want a printer that lasts with use and is easily repaired after abuse?
DigiTec's instrument printers have rugged, high-styled enclosures and state-of-the-art circuitry with plug-in components for ·serviceability.
Require integral time recording, batch or event counting , up to 21 data columns, red or black print out, TTL or RTL interface, and integration into an existing product or system?
Selected DigiTec models offer these features in combination with many others.
Look first to the "SOURCE" for your digital instrument printers and ask about our generous OEM quantity discounts!
Contact your nearest United Systems representative for complete specifications on all DigiTec instrument printers.

6100 Series digital printers for production, laboratory and OEM applications. Starts at
$549.
Model 6214 custom, modular printer adds hard copy capabilities to your product.
Starts at
Model 691 systems printer for maximum flexibility in data acquisition systems. Starts at

Digirec

M t UNITED SYSTEMS CORPORATION
onsan 0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - a su b sodo a rv of
918 Woodley Road · Dayton, Ohoo 45403 · Ph: (513) 254-6251 · TWX: (810) 459-1728

FOR INFORMATION CIRCLE NO . 131

FOR DEMONSTRATION CIRCLE NO . 132

SIX MEW SWITCHERS. LET US SHIP YOU SOME.

It's a small celebration to launch six new models in our switching power supply series: five 150 watt units and a 750 watt unit. From us: ACDC Electronics, Inc. Manufacturers of proven, reliable DC power supplies. The new JP switchers offer the latest in technology. Small, cool and efficient, they pack more watts per cubic inch than conventional pass-type supplies. These 20 KHz inaudible switching power supplies operate from a selectable input of 115/220-230 VAC 47-63Hz (100 VAC also available). Overvoltage and overload protection is standard. EMI is minimized by shielding and filtering. Low inrush turn-on for soft start. Units can be paralleled for higher current requirements. Don't miss the boat. Just circle the reader service number. Or if you'd like information on ACDC's complete line of DC power supplies, fill out the coupon or write to us on your company letterhead. We'll send you our 1974 product and application guide.

Name

' I

Company Name Address

I I

City

State

Z ip Code

acdc electronics inc.

Oceanside Industrial Center, Oceanside, CA 92054 (714) 757-1880

I
- To locate your nearest ACDC representative call toll-free (800) 645-9200 (In NewYork State, Call Collect (516) 294-0990).

INFORM ATION RETR IEVA L NU M BER 9

ELECTRON IC D ES IGN 2 , Ja nu a ry 18. 1975

HOW TO COMPARE . APPLES& ORANGES

OR THE INTERDATA 7/32 VS. THE PDP 11/1'0

It's a simple comparison when you think about minicomputer hardware in terms of software.
Interdata belleves that hardware exists to make programming easier. That's the reason we invented a 32-bit minicomputer. And that's the reason there really can be no comparison with any 16-bit machine.
Just think about it.
Most 16-bit mini's were designed when memory cost you a dollar a word. Multiple registers meant four. Software was a set of diagnostics. And hard ware was king.
Not so now.
Large memories are the rule - not the exception. One program alone can exceed 65K. Multiple registers now

mean 32. And most of your dollars are spent on software.
That's why Interdata made the 7/32 happen - to make your software simpler and cheaper.
For example, the 7/3 2 has a Real Time Operating System you can understand. A system optimized for FORTRAN programs. And a set of editors, debuggers, and file packages to brighten any programmer's day. All with a Common Assembly Language that gives you efficient code and is compatible not only with Interdata
7/32's but with our 7/l 6's as well.
So don't try to compare apples and oranges. It's unfair to the apple. Especially when their apple only has 16 bits to help their software and our orange has 32.

.....................................................................................................
Interdata, Inc. , 2 Crescent Place, Oceanport, N.J. 07757 (201 ) 229-4040. Gentlemen : D Maybe I shouldn't compare, but I've got to try. Send me more about the 7/32. D Let's talk oranges. Have an Interdata representative contact me.
Name _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _Title._ _ _ __
Company _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ __
Address - -- - - - - - - - - - - -- City_ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _S, tate_ _ Zip _ _ __

·X1'T-X-::El:R,~-X-...A!
A subsidiary of The Perk in-Elmer Corporation
2 Crescent Place, Ocea npor t , N.J. 07757. (201) 229-4040. 6486 Viscount Road, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada L4V 1H3. (416) 677-8990. Arundel Road, Uxbridge, Middlesex, England. Uxbridge 52441. 8032 Grafelfing bei Munchen, Waldstrabe 31, West Germany. 854-20-34-38. 92 Chandos Street, St. Leonards, Sydney, Australia 2065 . 439-8400.

INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NUMBER 10

Victor now offers you a ready source of high quality, competitively priced miniature connectors ... ruggedly built for reliable performance. Currently being used on portable , rechargeable calculators and similar small , solid state equipment. Standard configurations incorporate strain relief, but your cord set can be custom designed to your specifications ... with or without strain relief.

Write or phone for detai Is, and find out why Victor has become the standard of quaIity in cord sets and other wire specialty items.

"Yiiiii Victor Electric Wire & Cable Corp.
618 Main St. , West Warwick, Rhode Island

02893 Telephone:

,,,,,,.,

401821-1700 l & I U I

ACROSS THE DESK
(continued from page 7)
the English language or the interests of your readers.
Wallace F. White Marketing Manager Boonton Electronics Route 287 at Smith Rd. Parsippany, NJ 07054 Ed. Note: You're absolutely right. A typewriter glitch, that "unique." Most units are analog ; the digital are, shall we say, nifty?

New miniature connector. Standard and custom designs
in male &female
configurations.
INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NUMBER 1 T 16

Please, stop phoning
We missed by just one digit in EECO's telephone number in Electronic Design's GOLD BOOK, and the Orange County Department of Education is really miffed. The folks there have been getting three or four calls a day that are intended for EECO, whose number is (714 ) 835-6000-not (714 ) 8346000.
Never on Tuesdays
An engineer with an ae.rospace firm was so creative, his company thought that he was absolutely indfspensable. Though he was rather cantankerous, his company made many allowances for his eccentricities-and even al 1owed him to take every Tuesday afternoon off with full pay.
One Tuesday afternoon he took off and stayed away. At first nobody paid any attention when he didn't show up on Wednesday. But about a week later they checked with his home and found he hadn't been heard from. In fact, they checked all over and found no sign of him. He had simply disappeared.
He returned one Tuesday morning some eight months later and his boss was so delighted that he · started telephoning everybody in the plant. When our wayward engineer asked the purpose of the calls, he was told: "Well, we're so glad to have you back, I thought we'd have a welcome-home party for you this afternoon."
To which our friend replied: "What? On my afternoon off?"
ELECTROMC DESIGN 2, January 18, 1975

~
whe~~
Data Precision
Today, more than ever before, Data Precision instruments are the smartest buy in the industry. Model for model they offer performance, flexibility and reliability at appreciably less cost than comparable competitive instruments.
Model 245 is the only truly portable 4-1/2 digit /Mil function multimeter available. With a basic accuracy of ±0.05% its per-
formance far exceeds other alternative portables. Compare its cost and 4-1/2 digit performance with any 3-1/2 digit instrument.
Model2440
By far the most accurate autoranging full function 4-1/ 2 digit multimeter available. It has DCV accuracy of ±0.007% rdg. ±lLSD/ 6 months, autoranging and autozeroing, remote ranging and triggering and isolated BCD output, all included in one basic price.
Modell450
Our newest 4-1/2 digit full function, 21 range multimeter features a basic accuracy of ±0.02% of rdg. ±0.01% f.s, big bright 1/2 inch planar display and 100% overranging. Contact your Data Precision representative or Data Precision directly. You may be surprised just how much more instrument you can buy, when you buy Data Precision.
~-~ATA PRECISION
...years ahead
Data Precision Corporation, Audubon Road, Wakefield, MA 01880 Phone (617)246-1600
INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NUMBER 12
ELECTRONIC DESIGN 2, January 18, 1975

Dialight sees a need:
(Need: The widest choice for your every application.)
521-9205

521-9202

--.---:

521-9165

.o45~t- .j192"

.5oo"

(MIN .) - J

.240"

Now available in green, yellow and red. Mini-sized for

maximum front panel density and easy panel mounting.

High luminous intensity, low cost. Vibration/shock resist-

ant. Solid state for long life. Wide viewing angles. Ideal

for applications like panel lighting, film annotation and

alpha-numeric displays.

550-0204

550-0405

T . 550-0306

· t

-l 1- .100"

MIN.
___]
-U-.020"

Mix 'em or match 'em. LED logic state fault indicators are available in red, yellow and green, in a variety of shapes, some with a built-in integral resistor. Can be driven from DTL and TTL logic. Designed for easy align-
ment on PC boards so that multiple functions can be displayed.

Dialight, the company with the widest

' choice in switches, LEDs, indicator lights

and readouts, looks for needs ... your

needs ... and then they develop solutions

for your every application. No other com-

pany offers you one-stop shopping in all

these product areas. And no other com-

pany has more experience in the visual

display field. Dialight helps you do more

with these products than any other company in the

business, because we are specialists that have done

more with them . Talk to the specialists at Dialight first.
G You won 't have to talk to
D /AL/ /-/ T anyone else. Send for your

free new copy of Dia light's CUrrent Catalog.

Dialight. A North Amedcan Philips Company
203 Harrison m~~· 4il~~~t · N. Y. 11237

See Dialight.

INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NUMBER 13 17

·we asked A/ D converter users what they really wanted , and they said accurate high speed 10 and 12-bit resolution . small size. reasonable prices and NO EXTERNAL COMPONENTS! So, we designed an A/D converter that offered all that. and then some . It's called the ADC85 , and it's today 's fastest. most accurate IC A/D converter. It's also the first complete IC converter around .
We started with some pretty advanced IC processing techniques and a small 32-pin DIP compatible hermetic metal package . We developed , and designed in , one of the neatest DIA. converters around , and for extremely low drift and high initial accuracies , we added Burr-Brown produced and laser trimmed thin-film components . Then, so you don't have to mess around adding external components. we built in a selectable input buffer amplifier, a reference, and a user adjustable internal clock . It can operate from an external clock, too . All you have to do to

make the ADC85 work is to add input power and logic control signals .
And . how it works!! You get conversion speeds of 1Oµsec for 12-bit, and 6µsec for 10-bit resolutions . If you 're willing to trade off a couple of bits for speed, the ADC85 has a "short cycling " feature that allows the user to convert 8 bits in just 4µsec . You get guaranteed accuracies of ±o 0122% ±1 / 2LSB for 12-bit models, and ±0.05% ±1 / 2LSB for 10-bit models . Maximum temperature coefficients of gain drift are specified from ±15ppm/ C to ±40ppm/ C, depending on the model selected . And , non-linearity drift over temperature range is guaranteed not to exceed ±1 / 2LSB . Operating temperature range for the ADC85C is 0° C to + 70 C, and - 25 C to + 85 C for the ADC85 .
You 're not locked into a single input signal range either. The ADC85 will work on either ±2 .5, ±5, and ±10, or 0 to +5 and Oto + 10 volts. The corresponding

paralle~ digital output codes available are· offset bmary, two's complement , and straight binary. Digital outputs are also available in serial form . If you think that's ,versatility, how about digital control , . ~1iming , and status signals that include , convert Command , Status , and Internal ·Clock? Now you really have something .
Compare the ADC85 with any A/D converter you 're using now, or have ever thought of using. We're certain you 'll like ours better. Unit quantity prices start at just $160. Call us today. We'll take your order right over the phone. Burr-Brown , International Airport Industrial Park, Tucson , Arizona 85734 . Telephone: (602) 294-1431 .
i 1 Ii 1 i
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The first complete IC A/D Converter

It's also the fastest, and most accurate

Meet the ADCBS!!

TheADCBS ... Another exceptional AID converter from Burr-Brown

INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NUMBER 14

ELECTRON IC DES IGN 2, J anuary 18, 1975

newssc
JANUARY 18, 1975
Latest scientific calculators displayed at confe,rence

the $395 HP-55 which also has a digital timer, this one with a resolution of 0.01 s. The Model 55 is programmable but has only 49 steps compared with 100 in the HP65. Also, the HP-55 has no provisions for programmed storage.
However, the new calculator has 20 addressable registers compared with nine in the HP-45 and 65 calculators. A total of 86 preprogrammed functions come with the HP-55,

A host of new computational functions, built into hand-held scientific calculators, was highlighted last week at the Winter Consumer Electronics Show in Chicago. And these machines offer more computing power per dollar than ever before.
Texas Instruments unveiled the new SR-51 for $225-it looks like the SR-50-that incorporates nine new features giving statistical as well as scientific capability. One feature is a random-number generator thait can generate two-digit random numbers from 00 to 99. The generator is used in statistical analysis.
Other statistical features include automatic computation of mean, variable and standard deviation, factorials and permutation. Leastsquare linear regression, useful in plotting and correlating test data, can be performed for a maximum of 99 data points.
The number of storage registers has been increased from one in the SR-50 to three in the SR-51. [For a direct comparison of the SR51 with the SR-50 and other calculators, see the table of "Key Scientific Calculator Features" in this issue's special report, page 24].
Although Hewlett-Packard was not at the show, its HP-45 for $325 was directly challenged by Mostek's Corvus 500 (less than $200). Like HP, the Corvus machine uses reverse Polish notation and has nine storage and four stack registers. Mostek is one of HP's chip supp l i e rs .
The Corvus 500 omitted HP's conversions for decimal degrees to ,degrees, minutes and seconds. But the Corvus machine added hyperbolic and n-th root functions.
National Semiconductor's new Novus Mathematician ($80) was the only calculator shown-other than Corvus-that has reverse

Polish notation. But unlike the Corvus (and HP ) unit, the Novus has an eight-digit, floating-point arithmetic and display rathe.r than scientific notation. Also, the Novus has only one storage and three stack registers.
Rockwell unveiled its 63R machine ($100 ), which improves the 61R by these added features: scientific notation; degree-to-radian (and inverse) conversion; a factorial key ; two levels of parentheses; and keys that multiply or divide memory by the displayed quantity.
Canon revealed a new $250 algebraic-arithm et ic calculator-the F-7-that competes with the TI SR-51 and the Corvus 500 in math power. But the F-7 has special funotions and additional memories to make computation easier.
For example, the F-7, which uses scientific notations-has two directly accessible storage registers that can be recalled and displayed. In addition, the Canon unit incorporates seven memory registers for parentheses.--the highest number in any hand-held unit presently available. Calculations using seven nested parentheses can be performed.
A fractional key (/) is also included in the F-7. This key permits a user to enter nondecimal fractions (like 1/3) directly.
A unique feature among the scientific calculators at the show was the digital-timing function built into Microelectronic Systems Corp.'s Model 3030. The unit, useful to time and calculate costs directly for operatfons such as longdistance calls, can count up or down in increments of 0.1 s. The maximum total count is 2777 hours, which is longer than the battery will last.
Not exhibited at the show was Hewlett-Packard's newest machine,

Solid-state amplifiers crowd low-level TWTs
A decline in the OEM market for low-level traveling-wave tubes is seen in the U.S. in a report, "Microwave Component Forecast," by Gnostic Concepts, Menlo Park, CA. The report says the market has ·reached a "plateau" of about $60-million a year.
Robert G. Simko, Gnostic Concepts associate, says the major reason for the decline is the increasing availability of solid-state amplifiers that can handle ~oder ate power levels-such as 1 W at L band (0.4 to 1.5 GHz) and 0.3 W at K band (10.9 to 36 GHz. )
By 1978, the total market for discirete transistor amplifiers should increase by 226 % over 1973, the report says, and microwave integrated circuits should show a
total growth of 249 % over the
same five-year period. So far the solid-state, small-sig-
nal amplifiers, both discrete and MIC, have been dominated by bipolar transistor technology, and this trend will continue in the microwave frequencies through 5 GHz, according to the forecast. Gallium-arsenide FETs and parametric amplifiers using varactor diodes will dominate the X band ( through 11 GHz ) and higher frequencies, the report says.
High-school lab using floppy-disk time-sharing
A mathematics laboratory at Channel Island High School in Oxnard, CA, is using what is believed to be the first floppy-disk-based time-sharing system. The school has been using a Data General Nova computer with 12 k of core memory since 1970, and it has four

ELECTRONIC D ESIGN 2, January 18, 1975

time-shared Teletype terminals for student use.
The floppy-disk, an AED 2500 from Advanced Electronics Design, Inc., Sunnyvale, CA, employs the IRIS software system, developed by Educational Data Systems.
Richard Brunner, chairman of the school's Mathematics Dept., says: "The floppy-disk system is used to store the various mathematics and computer-assisted instruction programs used by the classes in the lab. We used to input the programs into the computer core memory with a papertape reader before each classwhich took at least five minutes. If any diagnosfac work was needed, we could have wasted up to 10 or 15 minutes of class time. Now we call U;p the necessary programs instantly."
Virtually all ninth-graders, with the exception of basic-algebra and algebra 1 students, use the facilities-a total of 300 to 350.
"The real reason for a computer lab in our mathematics program is to motivate students to continue taking math courses," Brunner points out. "We still require students to learn math using conventional teaching techniques, but now they are very anxious to take the classes, so they can get to use the computer."
New computer ajms to set speed record
A super-fast computer that promises to be up to 15 times faster than currently available units is being prepared for market. The machine, the Cray-1, is the first product of Cray Computer, a small company in Chippewa Falls, WI, headed by Seymour Cray, the architect of Control Data's 6600 and 7600 computers.
According to Cr~y, the new computer uses 1024-bit ECL memory chips and other small and mediumscale ECL integrated circuits to achieve its speed. The Cray-1 is reported to have a CPU cycle time of 12 ns and a memory-cycle time of 48 ns; its closest competitor, the CDC 7600, has a 2.75-CPU cycle time and a 275-ns memory-cycle _time. The word length of the Cray-1 is 64 bits.
Building computers that operate

as fast as the Cray-1 presents problems, Cray notes. For example, it's necessary to measure each length of wire in the machine to make sure that pulses arrive at their desination on time.
Another problem is that the high-speed ECL circuitry requires more power, Cray says. The Cray-1 needs about 50 % more power than the 75-kW CDC 7600 . This puts consumption at well over 100 kW, and that's just for the mainframe. The freon system used to cool the unit requires still more power.
The new mainframe, which takes up only 25 square feet of fi.oor space, is being built by Cray's 25 employees and will sell for $7.5million. That's the same price the 7600 and the 6600 went for when they were first ofiered.
The market for the Cray-1 is quite narrow, Cray admits. It is intended mainly for applications requiring a mass of scientific calculations. This is where the speed is needed most.
While a prototype of the Cray-1 has been built, the machine is not expected to be ready for the market until the end of the year. Literature, however, will be available in the spring, says Cray:,
HD/ CMOS II features small cells, low power
A new version of HD / CMOS, Micro Power Systems' high-density CMOS process has been introduced. Called HD / CMOS II, the new process features cell sizes that are approximately 50 % smaller than those of the earlier HD process and roughly 75 % smaller than those of the 4000 series.
In one implementation of the process, Micro Power is producing a watch chip with all the processing and frequency division circuitry needed to display hours, minutes, seconds and date within a 12,000-square-mil area. Other watch circuits using the process can operate from 1.5 V at 200 nA. The 0.3-µ,W power consumption is seven times less than that of a similar circuit using the original process.
The cell-size reduction is attributed to a combination of improved cell design, new circuit techniques and improvements in

interconnects. HD / CMOS II shares most of its technology with its predecessor- including t w o-1 ayer interconnect, one layer of polycrystalline silicon and one of electronbeam deposited aluminum. The polysilicon layer has a resistivity
of less than 1 n per square mil,
making long interconnections ,possible. Both the 'original and the new series also use a low voltage cell with a maximum applied voltage in the 6.5-V range, as opposed to the 15 V of conventional CMOS.
Micro Power Systems is a manufacturer of custom circuits for such applications as digital watches, hearing aids, cardiac pacemakers, pocket pagers and digital meters.
R&D rise forecast in U.S. this year
Spending for research and development in the United States is expected to increase 11 % this year - from $32.1-billion in 1974 to $35.6-billion, according to a forecast by Battelle's Columbus Laboratm·ies, Columbus, OH.
The forecast links the rise to increased support from the Federal Government and industry. Government support is deemed likely for research that will be directed inc re as in g l y toward short-term goals. The forecast sees an increasing emphasis on pragmatism, with some shift of support from socially related R&D to work directed toward solving more immediate resource scarcities.
The expected increase in Federal support is based on assumptio~s that the following will occur:
· Increased emphasis on R&D aimed at reducing U.S. dependence on Middle Eastern oil and gas.
· Selected use of R&D for counterinflationary purposes.
· Increasing awareness by state and local officials of the contributions that R&D-supported in pa.rt by Federal revenue sharing- can make to the needs of their constituencies.
Breaking down the R&D estimate for calendar 1975 by source of funds, the forecast sees the Federal Government spending about $18.5-billion, industry $15-billion, colleges and u"niversities $1.6-billion and other nonprofit organizations $515-million.

ELECTRONIC DESIGN 2, January 18, 1975

For quality-plus buyersSolid-Plus CMOS.

100% pre-screened and burned in.

If you're one of those people who knows it pays to get tough about quality, we have what you 're looking for in CMOS . Our new Solid-Plus grade. Here's what you get. On all devices:
100% electrical testing and fu ll military grade specification measurements , like we ' ve been doing on all our products. PLUS: 100% screening to 15-volt operation . PLUS: independent test laboratory certification
to 0.15 AQL. PLUS for Epoxy 8 packaged devices-
150 0C bake to insure against hot opens 48-hour burn-in at 125°C at 10 V bias PLUS for Cerdip packaged devicesinspection to MIL standard 883 Class B, Method 2010 .1 168-hour burn -in at 125 ° at10 V bias.

We can 't tell you how much Solid-Plus can save you , by reducing or eliminating your costs of incoming inspection and replacing infant mortality failures. But we can tell you that the cost-plus for Solid-Plus ranges from 9 cents for epoxy gates to 15 cents for Cerdip . On top of our already-low prices ~ Just specify Solid-Plus on your order. It's available on all of the nearly 100 standard devices we make in the 4000, 4400 and 4500 series.

Sales Offices
East: Midwest: West:

215-279-8424 312-437-8373 714-546-9621

INFORMATION RETRIEV.AL NUMBER 15

ELECT RON IC D l:S IG 2, Ja nu ar y 18. 1975

JSlS RECEPTACLE J51P PLUG
ACTUAL SIZE
REMOVABLE SOCKET CONTACT
Wrap-around spring provides positive contact between socket and pin . 3-tine clutch and closed entry construction assure extra reliability in socket contact insertions and withdrawals.
REAR VIEW ILLUSTRATES WIRE-WRAPPED
TERMINALS

OPTIONAL TERMINALS ON PLUG

·~~

± t .045

015

i O o 1AT A l 1 t i

.06

": Lt ~t

025
'°""'

SOLDER CUP

TURRET

SOLDERLESS-WRAP

CONTINENTAL SERIES J CONNECTORS provide high density in small areas of computers, control applications, instrumentation and printed circuitry.
FEATURES:
· 11, 21, 31 and 51 Contact Sizes · . l 00 Contact Centers · High Strength, Single Piece Mol~ed Shells · Removable Socket Contacts · Right Angle or Straight Thru Wiring · Molding Configuration Polarized · Integrally Molded Plug Contacts · In Accordance with MIL-E-5400 Specs

For a free brochure on Series J Connectors, write or phone advertising department,
Continental Con nectar Corporation, 34-63 56th Street ~ Woodside , N.Y . 11377, (212) 899-4422.

For the Sales R epresentative Nearest You, See Our Listings in EEM and Gold Book Directories.

CONTINENTAL CONNECTORS

CONTINENTAL CONNECTOR CORPORATION · WOODSIDE, NEW YORK 11377

INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NUMBER 16

ELECTRONIC D ES IGN 2, Janu ary 18, 197 5

~la~ex spa~ks .~igh-energy
idea 1n new ign1t1on system.

All five components of 70 % faster mold cycle,

this new unitized high- with no preforming or de-

energy ignition system are flashing required.

molded in Celanex 3300 What's more, Celanex

thermoplastic polyester conquers under-the-hood

resin. Celanex has high di- heat. It easily withstands

electric strength-with- operating temperatures of

stands exposure to 40 KV. -40 to 300°F.

Both dry and wet arc re- Combine the exceptional

sistance of Celanex is over properties of Celanex with

ten times better than the advanced design of this

phenolic.

high-energy ignition sys-

Celanex is strong. Its tem-it needs no points,

high-impact strength al- aids in cleaner combustion, on Celanex, please write

lows wall thickness reduc- is maintenance free- and Celanese Plastics Com-

tions to approximately half you know why it is on '74 pany, Dept. X-608, 550

that needed in phenolic. cars.

Broad Street, Newark,

Cl. And Celanex has up to a For more information New Jersey 07102.
Celanese Plastics Company is a division of Celanese Corporation. Ganadian Affiliate: Celanese Canada Ltd. Export : Amcel Co., Inc., and Pan Amee! Co., Inc., 522 Fifth Ave., New York 10036.
THE DEPENDABLES: CELANESE" ENGINEERING RESINS·CELCON: CELANDC NYLON

acetal copolymer thermoplastic polyester

®
CELANESE PLASTICS

I
INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NUMBER 17

(news]

SPECIAL REPORT ON SCIENTIFIC CALCULATORS
Growing family of small machines at $50 and up does complex math

In just a year and a half, microelectronic scientific calculators have grown from lonesome offspring of the semiconductor revolution to a
In June, 1973, only one or two of the machines had been introduced. Today more than 40 types are available, with more to be unveiled later this year. All can perform complex mathematical operations on algebraic, trigonometric, logarithmic and other functions.
The designer buying a scientific calculator has a tough problem comparing them. First, the wide spread in prices-from about $1400 for the top of the line to $50 for the lowest unit--is not proportional to the mathematical capabilities of the machines. The lowerpriced models give more math power per dollar, while the higher priced units have features that make it substantially easier to perform complex calculations.
Second, variations in sizes, packaging, displays and keyboard designs mask the close fundamental similari1ties between the large majority of machines.
And third, factors other than the mathematical capability of the machines must be considered. These factors include the following:
· The type of arithmetic programmed into the machine-plain algebra, hierarchic algebra or reverse-Polish notation-and the related methods of entering problems.
· The use of standard or scientific notation.
· The type of display and number of digits.
· Special visual indicators on the display, such as low battery and overflow.
Jim McDermott Eastern Editor
24

· The ability to store and recall data.
· The incorporation of simplifying functions, such as single-key entry of constants and conversions (radians to degrees, etc.).
· Special features that may be used in certain calculations, such as polar-to rectangular conversions or factorials.
· The types of batteries usedalkaline dry cells or nickel cadmium (nicad) rechargeable units.

Low-cost units effective

Even the lowest-cost calculators

are effective for engineering calcu-

lations. The following functions

can be directly-or with a few

easy steps-computed on all of the

calculators reviewed here (see

table):

Sine

Arccosecant

Cosine

Arccotangent

Tangent

Log base 10

Arcsine

Log base e

Arccosine

Antilog 10

~rctangent

Antilog e

Secant

Square root

Cosecant

Square

Arcsecant

N-th root

Cotangent

N-th power

Hyperbolic-function keys are

found only on Sharp's PC-1002 and

Texas Instruments' SR-50 and

SR-51. On other calculators, hyper-

bolic functions can be solved with

equations of the general form:

ex - e-x

smh x= 2 , etc.

The top machines provide the

most powerful and versatile com-

putational power by incorporating

a programming capability. These

calculators include the Monroe and

Compucorp 326 and 324 at $1395

and $694, respectively; HP's 65 at

$695; and Sharp's PC-1002 at $645.

Both machines of Monroe and

Compucorp have 160 programming

steps, but the 326 can also store up to 100,000 program steps in a companion cassette unit.
The HP-65 stores up to 100 program steps on a small magnetic card strip.
Sharp's PC-1002 has 64 programmable steps but no provision for external storage. It does have provision for plugging in PROM chips that contain specialized programs, much like those on HP's magnetic cards. Five of these PROMs will be available, including chips for mathematics and electrical engineering. Other special programs can be written into individual PROMs by Sharp.
Most of the "popular," lowercost machines fall into two categories: Those with keys that have single mathematical functions and those with keys that have multiple functions.
The single-function category embraces machines that cost from about $250 to $100 and that have between 36 and 40 keys. Representative of these units are Tl's SR-50, Ward's P350, Dev-Tronic's SI-36 and Commodore's SR-1400.
These calculators also have scientific notation and · (with two or three exceptions) have 10 mantissa and two exponent digits in the display. Most of these units have two sets of parentheses, one nested within the other, as well as a separate memory register.
With all the functions on separate keys, these machines are simpler to operate than the multiplefunction calculators.
The multiple-function cost from
about $140 to $70 or less. They have 20 to 30 keys. The display is usually eight digits, and a memory register is included. Representative machines are APF Electronics' MK-20 and Rockwell's 61R.
The multiple-function devices

ELECTRONIC DESIGN 2, January 18, 197 5

These 16 scientific calculators are a cross section of
what's available today. They are compared in a table, with 26 other calculators. The machines shown here (left to right): top row-Heath IC-2100; Bowmar MX0140; Craig 4512A; Canon F-5; Sharp PC-1002; center row-

Sinclair Scientific; Wards P350; Commodore SR-1400; Rockwell 61 R and APF Electronics MK 20; ):>ottom rowRemington SSR-8; Dev-Tronics Sl-36; Sharp PC-1802; Casio FX-10; Hewlett-Packard 65 and Texas Instruments SR-50. New additions to the family are coming this year.

have about the same mathematical capability as the single-function units, but a special function (F) key must be used. Depressing the F key before one of the operational keys gives the latter a second function. Depending upon the keyboard, from 12 to 20 keys may have one or two operating functions.
This design feature is developed to its fullest in Bowmar's MX-140, which has two function keys plus 20 regular ones. The two function keys give 23 additional keyboard functions as well as providing two sets of parentheses, one nested within the other.
Plain-algebra arithmetic is programmed into the chips of most of the calculators to perform add, subtract, multiply and divide operations. Plain algebra is the simplest and most straightforward of any of the calculator arithmetic

methods, and operations are generally executed in the sequence in which they are entered. For exam-
= ple: 2 + 3 x 4 20.
Texas Instruments uses algebra hierarchy in which multiply and divide take precedence over add and subtract. When a string of numbers is entered, multiply and divide are executed first; the add or subtract operation is held until the multiply or divide is complete.
For example: 2 + 3 x 4 ·= 14.
For long strings of calculations, the user must keep track of the precedence of multiplication and division, and consequently the order in which the terms are entered.
For entering lengthy calculations in plain algebra machines, the use of nested parentheses to at least two levels-in addition to a single-register memory-is highly desirable. The trend in chip design

is to increase the number of parentheses. Canon's F-7 has seven levels of parentheses plus two storage registers.
Stack registers in calculators using reverse-Polish notation perform the same function as parentheses.
Hewlett-Packard's machines use reverse-Polish notation for arithmetical operations. But two new calculators, introduced this month at the Winter Consumer Electronics Show in Chicago, use the same notation. One is National Semiconductor's Novus Mathematician and the other Mostek's Corvus 500.
Data entry for reverse-Polish notation is similar to entering data in computers and is unlike algebraic entry. With reverse-Polish, the numbers are entered first and the arithmetic operation
( + ,- , X , ...;- ) is performed last.

ELECTRONIC DESIGN 2, January 18, 1975

Capabilities of this eight-digit, floating-point calculator, the Rockwell 61R, are duplicated in a sizable number of other machines.
Over 53 independent-key functions are provided by this Tl SR-50 calculator . Arithmetic of this unit is organized as hierarchic algebra.

The only pocket-sized calculator with programming capability, the HP-65, uses magnetic-strip cards containing up to 100 program steps.
Over 100,000 program steps can be obtained by use of the companion cassette provided along with this Monroe 326 portable, batteryoperated calculator. 26

For problems having two num-

bers and one arithmetic operator,

the first number is keyed in and

saved by pressing an ENTER key.

The second number is keyed in and

is followed by the arithmetic

operator.
The expression (3 x 4) + (5 x 7 ) would be evaluated by the

following steps:

3 ENTER 4 x ( 12.00 is displayed)

5 ENTER 7 x (35.00 is displayed )

(42.00 is displayed )

While use of this method is awk-

ward for those accustomed to alge-

braic data entry, an advantage is

that the user can solve most prob-

lems by keying in the numbers in

the same order in which they ap-

peal· in the original expression.

For handling very large num-

bers, scientific notation is essential.

A 10-digit mantissa plus a two-

digit exponent provide a working

range of 10-99 to 1099, which is

typical of the 10 or more calcula-

tors in the $250-to-$90 range (see

table) .

Some of the newest machines,

like the Canon F-7 and the Rock-

well 63R, have an eight-digit

mantissa and a two-digit exponent.

Calculators with scientific notation

have an exponent key (EE, EEX

or · EXP ) that permits separate

entry of the powers of 10.

One calculator, the Sinclair Sci-

entific-the smallest and the only

breast-pocket-sized unitr-is organized for scientific-notation entry only.
Many. calculators in the lower end of the price range do not use scientific notation. Instead, they have an eight-digit floating-point display. For many routine calculations this is adequate, since an overflow feature is provided.
These eight-digit calculators will accept and display any positive or negative integer between 0.0000001 and 99999999. Any result larger than 99999999. produces an overflow, which locks the machine. An overflow indicator is then displayed. The user obtains the true value of the displayed number by counting eight places to the right of the decimal point. As a result, the maximum capacity of an eightdigit machine is 9.9999998 x 101s.
Most eight-digit machines-except for N ovus Mathematician -do not have parentheses. As a result, chain calculations are somewhat more involved.
When a designer is dealing with complex strings of calculations, he needs the ability to store and recall data. The high-cost machines are the best here. Monroe's 326 has 12 storage registers and four sets of parentheses, HP's 65 nine storage and four stack registers and Sharp's PC-1002 eight storage registers and six levels of paren-

ELECTRONIC DESIGN 2, January 18, 1975

In Order To Put Quality and
Reliability Into A Power Supply
It Must Be Expensive, Right? WRONG!

$2495
1-9 pc.
5V,3A 1 Overvoltage protection 1115/230 VAC Input 1 0.05% Regulation 1 2 Year Warranty 1 "Triple Test" with ·2-hour burn-in on all units 1 58 other models available

If we at POWER-ONE had left well enough alone, where would this industry be today? The same old products would saturate the market and they wouldn't have the same old prices, not at today's costs in material and labor.

At $24.95 can it be good? You bet it can!

We did it. Look no further, your search for

power has ended! Make us prove it.

Write or call us. More Power to You, For Less from

POWER-ONE, Inc.

See us in: EEM - 1-586 & 587 Gold Book - 3-1100

531 Dawson Drive· Camarillo, California 93010 · (805) 484-2806 ·TWX 910-336-1297

INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NUMBER 18

ELECTRONIC DESIGN 2, January 18, 197 5

Key Scien~ific Calculator Features

N 00

Calculator

.
Models Approx. List, $

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Monroe and Compucorp

' 326 ' 324

1395 695

43 G 46 G

A 13/2
·· ·· ··· A 13/2

·· DR DR

· ·

·· ·· ··

·· ·· ·· · ·· ·· ··

· · · · 12

R 4/12 R 4/12

160 · 10, 13 160 · 10, 13

HewlettPackard

' 65 45 35

795
· · · · · · · · · · 325 · ·· ·· ·· · · · · · ·· · 225

35 L 35 L 35 L

p 10/2
· p 10/2 · p 10/2

DR DR D

·· ·· ··· ··· ··· ·

9
9 1

· · ·

4 4 4

R 3/14 R 5/14 R 5/14

100 · 10, 13 · 10, 13 10, 13

Sharp

' PC-1 002 PC-1802
PC-1801

645
120 100

29 G 25 L
25 G

A 10/2
· · · A 8/0 ·· ·· A 8/0

DR
· DR ·· DR

· · ·

· e
e

· ·

··· ··· ···

· 8
1 1

· · ·

6 0
0

(ac) -
0,R 27 /A 0,R 29/A

64 · 13, 15 10, 15
10, 15

Canon Tex. Instr. Corvus

F-7 F-5
SR-51 SR-50

250 140
225 150

36 L 26 L
40 L 40 L

· · ·· · A 8/2 A 8/0 A 10/2
·· ·· ·· A 10/2

DR
· DR · DR
·· DR

· ·

·
·

· · · ·

· e
· e

· ·
·· ·· ··

· · · ·

· · ·

· · · ·

· ·

2 1
· 3 ·· 1

· · · ·

7 0
0 0

0,R 18/A 0,R 7 /14
R 4/3 R 4/3

· · · · · · 500

< 200 30 L

p 10/2

· · · · · · · · · · · · 9 · · 4 0,R 6/12

· 13 13
· 10, 13 10, 13
· 13, 15

Bow mar

MX-140 MX-100

, 160 20 L 130 20 L

A 10/2

· ·· ·· ·· A 8/0

·· ··

·· ·· ·· ·· ·· ··

1 1

· ·

2 0

s s

4/8 4/8

10, 12, 13 10, 13, 15

Kingspoint Montg. Wards

SC-40 P350

150 38 L 149 38 L

· · · A 10/2 · · · A 10/2

· DR · DR

· e
· e

··· · ··· ·

· · · 1

· 2 s 4/8

· · · · 1

2 s 4/8

10, 11, 12 13, 14
10, 11 , 12 13, 14

Summit ----oeiii:ron ics

Sl-90 Sl-36

149 36 L

A 10/2

·· ·· ·· ·· 140 36 L

A 10/2

Commodore SR-1400

· · · · 100 36 L

A 10/2

Melcer

SC535

· · · · 100 37 L

A 10/2

m
mr'
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-i
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0 z r;
0 m
C"z ' i
.!" ......
c:":i'
~"'

Keystone ~kwell
Col ex
Calcumatic ~ya!Type
Microelec.
-sePaanrassonic
---i>:PF Elec. Unitrex Craig Unisonic Sheen Nevus Casio
--siilClair
"'MITS ='= Heath :.:: Netronics

2050 63R 61R ESR70 ESR50 880 SST
JE5001 ESR
MK-20 80SR 4512A 799 S90 Math. FX-10 Scientific 7440 IC-2100 N-1000

120 30 G

100 25 G 80 20 G

100 25 G 70 20 G

120 26 G
- 26 G

100 27 G

100 20 G

100 26 L

100 26 G

90 26 L

90 25 L

80 32 L

70 29 G

50 18 L

200 36 L

120 26 G

90 ' 37 L

· ·
· · ·

A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A p
A p
A A A

8/0
· 8/2 · 8/0 · 8/2 · 8/0 · 8/0 · 8/0 · 8 / 0 · 8/0 · 8 / 0 · 8/0 · 8/0 · 8/0 · 8/0 · 8/0 ·· 8/0
8/0 5/2
· 10/2 8/0
· 10/2

· · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · ·

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·
· ·
·

·
· ·

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e
e

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· ·

e
· · · · · · · · ·

· · ·

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10 10

· · ·

e e e

·· ·· ··
· ··

··· ·

·
· · ·

· · · · · · · · · ·

· · · · · · · · · · · · · · ·
1-9

··· · ··· ···

· · 1

2 s 4/8

· · · ·· 1

2 O,R 4/8

· · · · 1

2 s 3/8

· · · 1 ·

2 s 5/10

·················

· 1
1 1

· · ·

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

· · · · · · · · · · · ·

· · · · · · · · · · · · · · · ·

0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

s 4/8

s s

3/5 3/5

s s

3/5 3/5

$ 3/5
s 3/5 s 3/5 s 4/8 s 3/5 s 6/ 12

0,R

0,R 5/10

0,R

a-/ R 18/A

a/R

0,R 17/A

2 a 25/A

· 1

2 (ac) -

· · 1

0 cacJ -

·· ·· ·· · 1

2 R 5/10

11, 12, 13
10, 11, 12 13

10, 11. 12 13
10, 11 , 12 13
10, 13, 16 13: 15_ _ _

13, 15 13

13, 15

10, 13

10, 13, 15

10, 13, 17

13, 13,

1177-

10, 13, 17

10, 11, 13 13

12, 13
13
10, 11, 12 13

.oo · Programmable calculator (see text)

1. L = red LEDs; G = green fluorescent tubes

\0 -..J
"'

2. A = algebra; P = reverse Polish 3 . sin, cos, tan 4 sin-1 cos- 1 tan- 1

5: D = ·degrees; R = radians

6. Sinclair has base 10 only

7. e or 10 indicates only that base used

8. R = Battery replaceable
S = Seaied; disassemble to replace battery O = Optional dry or rechargeable battery
ac = ac-line power only a = Dry cells only b = 9-V transistor battery
9. A = Hours for alkaline cells 10. Low-battery indicator

11. Standby mode (digits blanked)
12. Operation in radian mode 13. Overflow, error, or illegal operation 14. Calculator busy (digits blanked) 15. Memory loaded or memory overflow
16. Battery on charge 17. Function-mode in use
18. Metric, wts, vol, length, etc.

1953A Programmable

Univers ou

·imer

One of Fluke's 'Nevv Breed' of povvelful
LSI/ MOS counters

Fluke's 'New Breed ' of powerful yet compact, robust and economical counters is the result of innovative and advanced LSI/MOS circuit design. Typical of this 'New Breed ' is the model 1953A Universal Counter/Timer which incorporates all the features of a laboratory instrument in a small , rugged package that's priced at just $849.

With the 1953A you get an instrument designed for both bench and systems applica-

tions ... which measures frequency, ratio, period, time interval and gated totals ... and with a sensitivity down to 30 mV - - better than any comparably priced units on the market.

You get a unit with a full 9-digit LED display, including the features that are standard on all Fluke counters - - decimal point location, overflow and units annunciation , and leading zero suppression .

You get an instrument with a frequency range from de to 125 MHz , or optionally with internal

prescalers to 520 MHz ... or to 1000 MHz . .. or to 1250 MHz at sensitivities to 15 mV.

Plus, you have a wide choice of options that let you select just the capability you need to solve your specific measurement problems - - options such as:
internal prescalers ; oven stabilized timebase for highest accuracy; full remote programming; BCD output ; burst measurement mode; and a timebase multiplier

IFLU KEI

for operation from a 1, 5, or 10 MHz external clock reference .

What more could you ask for ... glasses and a moustache maybe?

Call your local Fluke representative for a demonstration to-day. Or write or call us direct. COUNTER DIVISION

John Fluke Mfg. Co. Ltd., Counter Division, P.O. Box 1094, Station D, Buffalo, N.Y. 14210, Phone (716) 842-0311, TWX 610-492-3214

INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NUMBER 19

FOR DEMONSTRATION 202

theses accessible by key entry. However, there is a lower-cost
challenger: the new Corvus 500. The 500 uses reverse~Polish notation, has nine storage registers and closely matches the HP-45.
Of the lower-cost algebraic machines, the best for complex-string calculations are the machines with two sets of parentheses like Ward's P350, Bowmar's MX-140, Dev-Tronics' SI-36, Kingspoint's SC-40, Commodore's SR-1400 and Melcor's SC535.
Nested parentheses are also found in two kits-the MITS 7440 and Netronics N-1000.
Setting the pace for greater storage capability in algebraic calculators is Bowmar's new $250 F-7. It has two storage registers and seven sets of parentheses.
The selection of a keyboard is a personal matter. To begin with, the keys should be far enough apart to avoid accidental double entry. A keyboard suitable for small hands can be intolerable for a person with large fingers.
A snap or other positive indication of operation when a key is depressed is preferred by many users.
Clear or contrasting key and keyboard markings are important to hold down errors when data are entered on keys with more than one function.
On-off switches should be reasonably rugged, since they are useful in conserving battery energy.
Today's scientific-calculator buyer has two principal display choices: red LEDs or green fluorescent gas tubes. The green digits are substantially larger than the LEDs and are generally found in machines without scientific notation. The largest display is found in Heath's IC-2100 kit.
LED displays differ
With LED displays, differences in sizes and visual quality are apparent, even among machines with the same computational capabilities. LEDs tend to be eye-fatiguing after the calculator has been used a few hours-something to bear in mind when you buy.
In machines with scientific notation, the displays have eight or 10 digits for the mantissa plus

two for the powers-of-10 exponents: In addition the displays contain extra characters for mantissa and exponent minus signs, as well as other special indicators.
Calculator reliability is widely reported to be good, but some problems are found i"ii mechanical elements, such as switches and keys.
Nickel-cadmium rechargeable batteries are the principal user problem. For a calculator in constant use, the need to keep the batteries charged demands close attention. Even if the calculator is stored, the battery must be periodically recharged or it will eventually go dead.
For daily use of most calculators, the battery must be charged two hours for every hour of use. There are exceptions, of course. The HP 65 calls for 14 hours of charge for four hours of use. TI says that the "fast charge" battery in the SR50 will give four hours of use fol· every three hours of charging.
Most of the calculators are sold with custom nicad batteries. In HP and TI machines, these batteries are replaceable in the field. But other manufacturers, including Bowmar, Kingspoint and Rockwell, seal the battery inside the case. Should the battery fail during warranty, the calculator must be returned to the factory. Owner disassembly voids the warranty.
For extensive field use, HP recommends two sets of batteries.
Some calculator producers, like Dev-Tronics, Sharp, Craig and Casio, have designed calculators to operate with AA penlite cells or rechargeable AA nicad batteries.
For extended 'field use, the hours obtained from alkaline cells are five or six times those obtainable from a single nicad charge.
Unique among the calculators is the use of a 9-V transistor battery in the Novus Mathematician.
At least three kits are on the market. The Heath unit is small enough to slip into a briefcase, but it requires ac power. The Netronics kit is described in the January, 1974, issue of Popular Electronics.
The MITS 7440 is a large desk calculator with individual keys for all functions. A 256-step programmer, expandable to 512 steps, is also available for use with the 7440. · ·

Want more information?

Readers interested in learning more about the individual calculators mentioned in this article may contact the manufacturers and suppliers listed here.

APF Electronics, Inc., 375 Park Ave.,
New York, NY 10022. (212) 758-7550. Circle No. 420

Bowmar, 450 Park Ave., New York, NY 10022. (212) 752-3250. Circle No. 421

Calcumatlc-Leisurecraft Products, Ltd.,

909 3rd Ave., New York, NY 10022.

(212) 686-0096.

Circle No. 422

Canon Inc., 10 Nevada Dr., Lake Success, NY 11040. (516) 488-6700. Circle No. 423

Casio, Inc., 1 World Trade Center, New York, NY 10048. (212) 432-9230.
Circle No. 424

Colex/lnternatlonal, 1229 W. Washington

Blvd .· Chicago, IL 60607. (312) 733-

1200.

Circle No. 425

Commodore Business Machines, 901 California Ave ., Palo Alto, CA 94306.

(415) 326-4000.

Circle No. 426

Compucorp (Sold overseas only), W.

Olympic Blvd., Los Angeles, CA 90064.

(213) 820-5611.

Circle No. 427

Corvus, 13030 Branch View Lane, Dallas,
TX 75234. (214) 620-2454. Circle No. 428

Craig Corp., 921 West Artesia Blvd ., Compton, CA 90220. (213) 537-1233. Circle No. 429

Dev-Tronics, Inc., Route One, Twin Falls, ID 83301. (208) 733-2086. Circle No. 430

Heath Company, Benton Harbor, Ml (616)

983-3961.

Circle No. 431

Hewlett-Packard, Advanced Products, 19310 Pruneridge Ave., Cupertino, CA
95014. (408) 996-0100. Circle No. 432

Keystone, 2 Keystone Pl., Paramus, NJ 07652. (201) 262-7500. Circle No. 433

Kln11spoint Corp., 104 Harbor Dr., Jersey City, NJ 07305. (201) 432-7707 . Circle No. 434

Melcor Electronics Corp., 1750 New High·
6'9'l:55 ~~~mingdale, NY Ci~~ie35N0.C5J;~

MicroelectroniG Systems Corp., 29245 Stephenson Highway, Madison Heights,
Ml 48071. (313) 399-4300. Circle No. 436

MITS, Inc., 6328 Linn Ave., N .E., Albu querque, NM 87108. (505) 265-7553. Circle No. 437

Monroe Calculator Co. (Sold in U.S. ony),

550 Central Ave ., Orange, NJ 07051.

(201) 673-6600.

Circle No. 438

Montgomery Ward. In catalog or at most reta iI stores.
Netronics R&D Ltd., 27 Eagle St., Spring Valley, NY 10977. (914) 353-7372. Circle No. 440

Novus, 1177 Kern Ave., Sunnyvale, CA 94086. (408) 732·5000. Circle No. 441

Panasonic, 200 Park Ave., New York, NY 10017. (212) 973-5700. Circle No. 442

Rockwell International, 3430 Miraloma

Ave., Anaheim, CA 92803. (714) 352·

7372.

Circle No. 443

Royal Typewriter Co., 150 New Park Ave.,

Hartford, CT 06106.

Circle No. 444

Sears. In catalog or at most retail stores.
Sharp Electronics Corp., 10 Keystone Pl., Paramus, NJ 07652. (201) 265-5600. Circle No. 446

Sheen Ltd., 126 Alto St., San Rafael, CA 94901. (415) 457-4112. Circle No. 447

Sinclair Radionics, Inc., 375 Park Ave., New York, NY 10022. (212) 688-6623. Circle No. 448

Summit International, P.O. Box 15736,

Salt Lake City, UT 84115. (801) 486-

7255.

Circle No. 449

Texas Instruments, P.O. Box 5012, MS 84, Dallas, TX 75222. (214) 238-2011. Circle No. 450

Unlsonic Products, Inc., 115 Broadway, New York, NY (212) 255-5400. Circle No. 451

Unitrex of America, Inc., 350 Fifth Ave., New York, NY 10001. (212) 239-0420. Circle No. 452

ELECTRONIC DESIGN 2, January 18, 1975

Introducing the ALC-S.

The hardworking connector that's easy on your pocket.

Now you can truly reduce your cost of interconnect-
ing by designing in the new ALC-5.* It represents a
new concept in subrniniature coaxial connector design that will yield the best cost-to-performance ratio of any connector available today.
Unshielded hookups can be risky.
The ALC-5 economically provides RF shielding in computer applications where high speed or close proximity prevent the use of unshielded, single conductor interconnects. Where the new FCC 900 MHz reallocations have put higher frequency demands on vehicle monitoring and communications systems, the ALC-5's hard working VSWR virtue shines (1.1:1 at lGHz, 1.2:1at4GHz, 1.4:1 at6GHz with RG-58 C/U cable ) .
Crimp-crimp assemblies assure the repeatable performance required for navigational equipment, biomedical monitoring systems and professional

broadcast and recording gear. Everything from marine radar systems to microwave ovens can Use these tiny, low-cost, reliable RF connections. And crimpcrimp assembly also keeps your production costs low.

A fresh, new answer for today's

interconnection needs.

The ALC-5 is a contemporary line designed around

today's demands for lower price, better performance,

smaller size and faster delivery and assembly. Rather

than a revamp of one of yesterday's solutions, we've

invented something totally new. We've taken the first

bold step. Why don't you take the next. Specify

ALC-5. Amphenol RF Division, Bunker Ramo Cor-

poration, 33 E. Franklin Street, Danbury, Connecti-

cut 06810, (203 ) 743-9272.

*U .S . Patent No. 3 ,282 ,303

INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NUMBER 20

FOR INNOVATIONS IN LOW-COST TEST EQUIPMENT, THINK HP----------....

A professional 80 MHz counter for $249:

The HP 5381A counter covers 10 Hz to 80 MHz with the highest performance available for the money: Sharp seven-digit LED readout. High stability internal time base. 25 mV sensitivity. Three-position input attenuator. External oscillator input. Ratio measurement capability. Extremely rugged dust-free case. Ideal for applications such as production line testing, service and calibration, frequency monitoring, education and training.
Or go all the way to 225 MHz for just $450~

GATE TI ME

LINE ON41Nt

I ..IS MH' KHr "' 10·

IATTENUATOR
"X1I 0 IN,UT
X100

The HP 5382A counter has all the features of the 5381A over an expanded frequency range of 10 Hz to 225 MHz. Plus an eight digit display and optional temperature compensated· crystal oscillator ($100)*.

As you might expect from HP, both counters come with the same warranty and service back-up as our costliest test equipment. And both meet IEC safety specs.

For complete information call your nearby HP field engineer. Or, write.

02406

· oomestic USA prices only

HEWLETT. PACKARD
Sales and service from 172 offices in 65 countries.
1501 Page Mill Road . Palo Alto, Cahlorn1a 94304

INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NUMBER 21
Ze1·0 cemurmnMcases p1·otec·
·he world of
por·able equ~pmem.

Zero's rugged aluminum carrying cases provide complete protection for the most delicate portable

equipment in virtually any environment. And there's a wide choice of styles,

sizes and prices in the extensive Zero line.

Zero Centurion (Elite) offers the ultimate in distinctive

styling, quality and reliability, plus two-week delivery.

Valu-Line offers the same kind of reliability at a lower price.

And the Economy Series puts Zero:s high quality within

the reach of any budget.

If you can't find exactly what you need in our 59 standard

models, Zero can provide full custom modification capability.

Write for your free Zero catalog and discover how well

we support your world.

Alum~num carryjn9 cases. One of ate manTw.wp Zero supports your world.

Zero Manufacturing Co.
I 777 FRONT STREET · BURBANK, CALIFORNIA 91503
Design and ZERO·WEST · BURBANK, CALIFORNIA Manufacturing ZEAO·EAST · MONSON, MASSACHUSETTS
Facilities ZERO·SOUTH · ST. PETERSBURG, FLORIDA

INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NUMBER 121

FOR DEMONSTRATION , CIRCLE 122

Computer-exercised AID converters and systems

When you build to the tightest specs in the industry, you're also committed to the most exhaustive testing .
But exhaustive testing of a rea\lly
complete specification can be expensive. That's why we've computerautomated our system and converter testing ... and developed unique, high-speed, NBS tracable programmable voltage sources, to optimize accuracy.
For example, the 256-channel, 14-bit A/D data acquisition system shown below sells for under $3,000 . .. nevertheless, it undergoes millions of independent tests, each a complete conversion. The equipment can test every channel at every code, on every range .. . even with automation, this program takes hours.
And test automation tells you more.

Example: at all major-carry transitions, the computer calculates the mean and standard deviation, after 256 tests on each level-a definitive measure of system throughput noise. We ship the complete computer printout with every system . .. so you know what you bought.
Similar programs check our AID .and D/ A converters, DPM's, and industrial digitizers. The level of automation may vary from product to product, but the level of comm itment does not.
What does all this mean to you? First, Analogic gives you more for your money. Because it actually costs us less to test comprehensively, using computer automation, than to "spot- check" manually. We can pass on
substantial savings.

And you save the high cost of " specsmanship surprises."
And comprehensive exercising ensures long-term spec integrity and stability . .. because it automatically reveals any marginal behavior. Analogic products don't just meet specs when shipped; they stay in spec. (There's nothing like exercise to increase staying power and toughness.)
If this approach to quality, value, and integrity makes sense to you, bring us your most demanding requirements . We'll give you more for your money ... and prove it.
Call Richard Fairchild at (617)246-0300, or circle the number below. For more information about our products, write: Analogic Corporation, Audubon Road , Wakefield, Ma:ss. 01880.

INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NUMBER 22
.·.part ofAnalogic's total commitment to excellence.

FROM THE INTERNATIONAL ELECTRON DEVICES MEETING
New microwave semi fabrication
pushing power and reliability up

Steady improvements in the faa-
rication of microwave transistots and diodes are bringing new devices with increased powers, elevated frequencies and heightened reliability. In some cases', the iieW, devices have been expected; trl others, they're surprise winners.
The much talked about race be-
twee11 silicon transistors and galIium-arsenide (GaAsJ FETs, for example, didn't come up much at the 1974 International Electronic Devices Meeting in Washingtort, DC. The reason: GaAs power FETs are pulling ahead, with 1-W devices advancing within sight of f IJ GHz.
However, among active diodes one. type unexpectedly stole the spotlight by going planar, to usher, in the first IC Trapatts. -Excelling in high peak powers and high efficiencies, Trapatts haven't reached the commercial availability of say, lmpatts, whicli researchers at the meeting said may be the next diode to benefit ftom reliabilityincreasing planar techniques. ·
In the latest advance of CaAs FETs, researchers at Fujitsu Laboratories, Kawasaki, Japan, are within sight of a milestone: Xband output powers il1 excess of a watt.
"Within about a year, we expect to reach 3-W saturation output power [0-dB gain] at 10 GHz,'' said Masumi Fukuta, senior engineer at Fujitsu and a prime developer of the power-increasing mesh structure used in GaAs and silicon transistors.
"The 10-GHz MESF~T could
output 1 td 1.5 W with 4 fo 5 dB
of gain," Fukuta said. The kind of GaAs-FE'f structure
Edward A. Torrero Associate Editor

1. An 8-GHz GaAs power FET yields 0.7 W at unity gain (left). The FET's cross·section (right) reveals interdigitated sources and drains.

JUNCTION DEPTH

l METAL CONTACT
SI02

N+ (POLY SILICON)

r,:~

l METAL CONTACT

2. The first planar Trapatt diodes. A seven-diode array employing standard IC techniques, Is arranged in an hexagonal geometry.

to be used was indicated by Fukuta during his delivery of a paper on "GaAs 8-GHz Band High-Power F E T ."
The paper reported an X-band device that delivers 0.7 W of saturation power with a drain efficiency (rf output to de input) of 45 % . The 8-GHz device operates from a 6-V drain voltage. With about 3dB of gain, a similar FET can output 0.4 W at a drain efficiency of 30 % . And a parallel structure yields 1.6 W.
The basic FET structure consists of interdigitated source and drain electrodes and an overlaid electrode that connects 52 Schottky gates in parallel (Fig. 1) . Gates have a length ~f 2 µ and an overall width of 2600 µ,, and they are 1
and 2 Ji, away from sources and
drains1 respeetively.

The key to more power at higher frequencies, according to Fukuta, is wider gates. Also heightened gain requires both a shortened gate length and a lowering of ohmic contact resistance and common-source lead inductance.
"If only the common-source load inductance were lowered to onefifth its present value,'' Fukuta said of the 8-GHz FET, "the maximum available gain would increase by about 2.5 dB."
Trapatts became ICs
While power FETs are moving up the frequency scale, active diodes are embracing integratedcircuit technology. Through the use of standard IC techniques, the first experimental planar Trapatt diodes have been built at RCA Laborato-

34
J

ELECTRONIC DESIGN 2, January 18, 1975

Jo·m!em...
the growing crowd using
MOSTEK's 16-pin4K RAM!

The crowd of MOSTEK's 4K RAM users continues to grow. Why this preference for MOSTEK's 16-pin MK4096 over 22-pin alternates? Let's review a few of the reasons:
MOSTEK saves you memory board space. You can pack over twice the memory in the same board space as the 22-pin designer, without increasing power dissipation. The result is a more compact and efficient system .
MOSTEK leads in 4K performance. Check the comparative performance table for proof!
MOSTEK gives you direct compatibility with TTL, DTL, ECL and CMOS. The MK4096 w ill interface

directly with these popular logic families without the special high-voltage clock drivers required by 22-pin RAMs. Fewer address drivers are required also .

COMPARATIVE PERFDRMANCE- 16-PIN VS 22-PIN RAMs

PAR AMETER Power Diss.

MOSTEK 375 mW

2107 425 mW

4030 690mW

Input Levels

Input 0 IMaxJ

0.8

0.6

Input I [Min)

2.4

3.0

2.2

Output Levels OutputO[MaxJ 0.4 at 2 mA 0.45 at 1.8 mA 0.4 at 3.2 mA Output I [Min] 2.4 at 5 mA 2.4 at 100µA 2.4 at 2 mA

Access Time Read Cycle Time Write Cycle Time

300 ns 425 ns 425 ns

300 ns 500 ns 700 ns

300 ns 470 ns 470 ns

Output Data Hold Time

260 ns

40 ns

30 ns

Clock Characteristics

2TIL Clocks 7 pF

One 12V Clock
21 pF

One 12V Clock
27 pF

MOSTEK's 4K RAM is easy to use. You can use readily available automatic handlers both for incoming test operations and in circuit board assembly. Not so with 22-pin versions ! Want still more reasons to join the MOSTEK 4K RAM team? Then contact MOSTEK at 1215 West Crosby Road , Carrollton , Texas 75006 , (214) 242-0444-or your local MOSTEK distributor or representative . In Europe contact MOSTEK GmbH, TALSTR 172 , 7024 Bernhausen , West Germany, Tel. (0711) 70 10 96 .
INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NUMBER 23

MOSTEK moves forward ... in memories.

ries, Princeton, NJ. These planar Trapatts encom-
pass both p and n-type multiplediode arrays, 'as well as single diodes. Compared with conventional discrete Trapatts, which employ mesa structures, the new IC versions exhibit several improved characteristics, such as increased ruggedness.
"Diode chips have been run in thermal tests at 500 C for over 800

hours without failure," said Shinggong Liu, a member of the RCA technical staff. He described the new development in a paper on "Planar Trapatt Diodes."
The new chips' rf performance is also impressive. "A seven-diode array in a compact microstrip circuit has produced a 500-W pulsedpower output at 1.4 GHz with 30% efficiency," Liu said. "And duty cycles of 2% at the 400-W output

level have been achieved." In a p-type seven-diode array
(Fig. 2), Trapatts are arranged hexagonally to improve thermal dissipation. These multiple diodes can dissipate higher average power than single diodes of equivalent area. In this respect, according to Liu, the area of the array is equivalent to that of a single diode -with less than one-half the array's diameter. ··

Evolutionary growth helps CRTs keep pace with newer displays

Despite the advance of newer displays, the CRT continues to show vitality. Two significant developments were described at the International Electron Devices Meeting:
1. Fabrication of a new highperformance color picture tube that features a twofold increase in brightness and contrast, 20% smaller beam-spot size and 20 to 30% less deflection power than present tubes.
2. The use of conventional electrostatically or magnetically deflected storage tubes to refresh stored ·data without need to erase old information.
Solid-state developments unfolded at the meeting included an ac or de GaP LED array designed as a direct replacement for tungstenfilament lamps and also a siliconon-sapphire liquid-crystal display that can be used in projection TV systems.
Information on the new cathoderay color TV tube was presented by Hiromi Kanai, an engineer at Hitachi's Electron Tube Div. in Tokyo. According to Kanai, the tube is a natural development from earlier work in picture tubes.
In describing earlier efforts with color CRTs, he noted that phosphor efficiency, screen voltage, panel transparency and matrix transparency had all been improved to their limits to increase brightness

and contrast. The screen's current density was the only parameter that had not been improved.
The new tube increases screen current density with a technique known as mask focusing. Unlike other CRTs, the mask-focused tube has a potential difference between the mask and the screen that creates converging fields for the electron beam. The electrons that pass through the shadow mask are thus condensed onto the screen phosphors.
Kanai noted -that work had been going on in mask-focused tubes for quite a while but that problems had kept cropping up. One, he said, was that conventional electron guns could not compensate sufficiently for the poor resolution that resulted from the lower anode voltage used with this technique.

To solve that problem, Kanai explained, a new multistage focusing gun was developed. The main lens system consists of two lenses instead of one. The resulting spot size is smaller, and increasgd rgsolution results.
Continuous updating of data
In the second major CRT development, Igor Limansky, an engineer for Westinghouse Electric's Industry and Defense Products Div., Baltimore, described a technique whereby conventional storage tubes could be used to write over existing information without need to erase the old data. This means that it is possible to update information continuously and to make the presentation of magnified sections of data easy.

MASK

DAG COATING

FUNNEL ELECTRODE

2Sk V

2SkV CONVENTIONAL TUBE

2SkV 12. 1kV MASK-FOCUSING TUBE

Jules H. Gilder Associate Editor

Comparison of conventional and mask-focused picture tubes shows that the mask-focused tube uses separate potentials for the screen, shadow mask and inner shield.

ELECTRONIC DESIGN 2, January 18, 197 5

When the environment knocks out one of your connectors,
this is the one you'll wish you had used.

This is a top-of-the-line, superb quality, environmental connector - to put it simply.
It has all the essential design features , plus options, to meet your tough environmental demands : corrosion resistant metal housing, optional waterproof or hermetic seals , high density of crimp removable contacts, polarized, male and female mating - and more .
Two versions. The Snap-Lock gives you a can't-shakeloose , positive lock (both visible and audible) ~ yet still has quick release .

The Pull-Lock version is held together by friction alone .
Costs? It's not cheap . And a good, conscientious Purchasing Agent may ask if you really need all this quality. If your answer is yes, our price looks very good indeed . Ask us for details.

r-----

1 NAME

O.K.

TITLE
I COMPANY I AOORESS

M/S

I Send me your latest brochure on Viking environmental metal connectors.

I ""

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~@] ,w,,l.king

I I

CONNECTORS .

I I \liking Indu stries , lnc ./MllCom D1v1 s1on/ 9324 Topanga Canyon Boulevard/ Chatsworth , Ca . 91311, U.S.A /(213) 882-6275
~------------~ INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NUMBER 24

ELECTRON IC D cS IGN 2, Jan u ary 18. 1975

p MESA ( LPE)

PRIME

SUPPLIER

TO .THE

COMPUTER

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· Electromagnetic Delay Lines
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· Power Wire Wound Resistors
· Industry's Most Complete Selection And Best Delivery
Call our hotline for prompt service and delivery.
RCL (201) 374-3311
ELECTRONICS DIVISION , AMF INCORPORATED
General Sales Office:
700 So. 21st Street Irvington, N. J. 07111
INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NUMBER 25
38

p-TYPE

n-TYPE CONTACTS (SiAu)
PROTON BOMBARDED (DEVICE ISOLATION)

A LED to replace incandescent lamps is made when several devices are connected in a series, anti-parallel configuration. This reduces the power wasted in a series resistor and makes both ac and de operation possible .

The new technique is known as equilibrium writing.
In the usual storage-tube system, writing is done by a high-voltage writing beam that charges the dielectric surface negatively. The cathode voltage is held constant, and the writing beam is intensitymodulated. Before a new signal can be written, the old one must be erased in a separate operation.
With equilibrium writing, however, Limansky reported, a lower voltage beam is used, so that as the writing-gun cathode is modulated by the signal, the secondary emission ratio is also modulated. The writing-beam current is kept constant. Instead of using -1500 V to write information, the same tube can be used with -25 to -100 V.
LEDs and liquid crystals progress
LEDs, the meeting was told, are finding considerable use in applications that formerly would have been handled by incandescents, but they have generally not replaced them in existing equipment. The main reason for this is that a large voltage drop often is necessary across a series resistor to interface a 1.9-V LED to the higher voltages generally used to power incandescents.
To overcome this problem, S. M. Spitzer, of Bell Laboratories in

MuiTay Hill, NJ, has designed a multijunction GaP LED array chip. He noted that his new illuminator consisted of several LED devices in series, so that most of the applied power drives the LEDs and is not lost in a dropping resistor.
The unit contains two rows of LEDs connected in an antiparallel configuration so it can be used on either ac or pc circuits.
2 new technologies combined
By combining two relatively new technologies-liquid crystals and silicon-on-sapphire--en gi nee rs at Hughes Aircraft Co., Carlsbad, CA, have come up with a real-time 100-by-100-element TV display. Ac-
cording to M. A. Meyer, the 1 x 1-
in.-square device uses a PMOS silicon-gate process to make the one-transistor, one-capacitor cell matrix, which controls and stores video information at each spot of the display.
Explaining why SOS technology was used, Meyer said that it prevented crosstalk by providing good isolation; that it required simple processing; that it had small address-line overlap areas, which reduce pinhole sensitivity, and that through its transparent substrate, it permitted the use of backlighted liquid-crystal displays. ·,.

ELECTRONIC DESIGN 2, January 18, 1975

PowerTech, Inc.

Why parallel devices for high cur- {sat) that yield the lowest system rent capability when a single losses of any darlington ... with module combines design flexibil- ultra-high current gains of 100 ity with savings in space and minimum at rated current. And , circuit assembly costs. Using' they're super-rugged. Inherently PowerTech's standard 200 amp or so, because we SOAR-test each 500 amp single-chip silicon tran- individual powerblock before insistors as basic building blocks corporatirrg it into the "black box" {we call them powerblocks), Pow- system. The high current gain of erTech has put together high- the system reduces the drive recurrent Powerblock Power Sys- quirements making it suitable for tems with virtually no limitation on high VA inverters, pulse width maximum current. Each internal modulated motor controls , and powerblock is factory-matched . other high-current switching and Our building block approach pro- linear circuits. For information, vides optimum design flexibility application assistance, and free with voltages of u·p to 400 volts design guide call Sales Engineerand currents up to 1200 amps or ing , PowerTech, Inc., 9 Baker higher. Powerblock Systems ex- Court, Clifton , N. J. 07011; (201) hibit the ultra-low VsE and VcE 478-6205.

"BIG IDEAS IN BIG POWER"

Type#
MT-5001 MT-5003 MT-5005 MT-5007

v,, · h,,@ IC Po

Size

'°' 80 100 250A 0.3 KW 5.7 cu . in .

80 100 @ 500A 0.7 KW 11 .0 cu . in .

80 100 @ 800A 1.4 KW 18.7 cu . in.

80 100 'Ol 1200A 2.1 KW 18.7 cu . 1n .

·Voltage ratings to 400 V available.

Copper grid dis-

tributes current

most efficiently

'l{.'Fs~ft'~

Icnotpepgerar llesaodlisd and

heat sink make

pre-bond chip test

T~~wgo'.~~f".

and inventory Jpossible .

diam . a~

820 mil diam. sin.gle1 f chips! 1,._'!"".'.:
r

Void-free bonding techniques ellm..)nates hot spots.
~ -\
1Solid copper mounting block.

AMP

[hFE 100 min.@1200 amp] NPN Silicon Power Darlington Switch-
Highest KVA at lower cost, weight and space

INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NUMBER 26

ELECTRONIC D ES IGN 2, Ja nu ary 18, 1975

o units each week to more than

500 co

roughout the world. These mixers are included

in over 300 critical military programs as well as communications,

medical, CATV, telephone transmission and instrumentation

applications.

Our years of experience in high-volume production result in high reliability units with guaranteed repeatability of performance at lowest cost. That's why more and more systems engineers are specifying Mini-Circuits' mixers, directional couplers and power splitter/combiners as the industry's standard.

For complete specs, performance curves and application notes, see Microwaves 1974 Product Data Directory (p. 187-311) or circle Reader Service No. for your personal 132 -page
catalog.

WE'VE GROWN

Customer acceptance of our products has been so overwhelming, we've been forced to move to larger facilities - THANKS.

M.1n.1-c·1rcu1·ts La oratory A 01v1s1on Scrent1f1c Components Coro

bMCL

OUR NEW ADDRESS IS: 831-843 Utica Avenue, srooktyn1 NY 11203 <212J 342-2soo

Foreign Sales RepresentatiHs: D AUSTRALIA - General El ect ronic Se rv ic es, 99 Al exander Streel, New South Wales. Australia 2065: O ENGLAND - Da le Electronics. Dale House. Wharf Ro ad, Frimley Green , Cambe rley Su rrey : 0 FRANCE - S. C.l. E.-D.l.M.E.S.. 31 Aue George-Sand, 91120 Pala1seau. France: 0 GERMANY, AUSTRIA. SWITZERLAND - Indust ri al Elect ro n ics GMBH , Kluberstrasse 14. 6000 Fr ankfurt / Main, Germany: O ISRAEL - Vectronics. Ltd .. 69 Gordon Street ,Tel-
n Avi v, Is rae l; JAPAN - Densho Ka isha , Ltd .· Eguc hi B ~il d ing. 8- 1 1 Chome, Hamamatsucho Minato-ku, Tokyo . EASTERN CANADA - B. D. Hu mmel ,
2224 Mayard Avenue, Uti ca, NY 13502 (315) 736-7821 Italy- Microel Itali a S. R. I. via M. Lori a 50, 20144 Milano via Sen ate 27, 00199 Roma NETHERLANDS Co inex Vlaardingen, Vel dweg 11 , Hatten , Holland

U. S. Distributors: 0 NORTHERN CALIFORNIA - Cain-Wh i te & Co., Foo th ill Offi ce Ce nte r, 10 5 Fremont Avenue. Los A ltos. CA 94022 (415) 948-6533: 0 SO. CALIFORNIA ,
ARIZONA - Crown Electroni c s. 11440 Coll ins Street. No. Ho llyw ood , CA 91 601 12 13) 877-3550
For complete U.S. Rep listing and product line see Microwaves' Product Date Directory

INFORMAT ION RETRIEVAL NUMBER 27

ELECTRONIC DESIGN 2, January 18, 197 5

washington report

Contractors' R&D posing new controversy
Much like a broken record, defense contractors are hearing another assault on the concept of independent research and development as an allowable cost in Government contracts. The General Accounting Office's latest bombshell is an opinion that the Government should have access to the commercial records of contractors to verify whether technical effort is an allowable cost. The Dept. of Defense recognizes independ ~nt R&D as a necessary business expense and shares in its cost. This is in anticipation ·that the R&D will foster technical capabilities that are beneficial to national defense, but the defense agency hasn't insisted on examining c9mpany records that pertain to commercial activities.
The GAO, after reviewing a contract with Pratt & Whitney for JT9D. jet engines for the Navy, questions the development costs charged to the Government and makes two recommendations that could have a far-reaching impact on defense contractors, if the Defense Dept. goes along. The GAO says the Secretary of Defense should provide specific guidance to review teams and the Defense Contract Audit Agency to ensure that technical effort allowed as independent R&D is not sponsored by, or required in the performance of, commercial contracts. Secondly, the agency has urged the Defense Dept. to "e:kpedite action under consideration to require that independent R&D agreements specifically authorize access to contractors' commercial records" to determine whether the costs are allowable.

AIA sees aet:ospace decline continuing
Although total sales in the aerospace industry in 1975 are expected to show a dollar increase, constant dollar figures indicate the three-year downturn in the industry will continue. That's the prediction from Karl G. Harr Jr., president of the Aerospace Industries Association, who estimates sales for 1974 at $27-bil.lion, an increase of $2-billion over 1973. For 1975, the estimate is for $29-billion, with the Dept. of Defense still the biggest customer and growing in terms of current dollars. But in constant dollars (1968), there will be a 7 per cent decline this year, Harr
~ays.
Regarding NASA and other government agencies, Harr sees a constantdollar decline in excess of 12 per cent-and possibly a slight decline in commercial aerospace sales. Employment in the industry, according to the prediction, will drop from 968,000 workers at the end of 1974 to around 959,000 this year.
About the only bright spot Harr sees is in exports. He pegs exports at $6.8-billion for 1974. more than double the 1970 level. For 1975, the

ELECTRONIC D ESIGN 2, January 18, 1975

I
prediction is for an increase of 10 per cent more in current dollars to $7.5-billion. Imports are expected to decline 20 per cent in 1975-to $650million-from the $812-million in 1974.

U.S. role in maritime satellite system weighed
It's a good bet that if the United States joins in the development and operation of an international maritime satellite system that the participant will be a private U.S. company. Prior to an international conference in London from April 23 to May 9, the Federal Communications Commission is asking for opinions from the private sector on the American position. Among the evaluations being sought is an estimate of the willingness of maritime communications carriers to invest in an international system.
The FCC has indicated that it's going to recommend that the U.S. participant be a private concern, but it has raised a lot of unanswered questions, such as th.e role to be played by Marisat. This is the Maritime Mobile Satellite Communications System, scheduled to go into service in the Atlantic and Pacific this summer. The Navy is slated to use about
80 % of the system's capacity, with the remainder available to commercial
maritime users.

Congress to overhaul science programs

Look for a determined effort by the 94th Congress to overhaul the

structure of Federal science and technology programs this year. High on

the list will be the restoration of an Office of Science and Technology in

the White House to give the President a full-time adviser.

The Senate passed a bill to do this in mid-October, but the measure got

caught in a legislative logjam in the House. Sen. Edward Kennedy

(D-MA) and other sponsors will reintroduce it early this session.

Similar legislation will emerge from the new House Committee on Science

and Technology. This is a new name for the old Science and Astronautics

Committee, a result of House reforms that realigned committees. Under

the new setup the committee will have jurisdiction over civil-aviation R&D

(from the Commerce Committee), environmental R&D (from several com-

mittees) and all energy R&D except nuclear.

Capital Caps,ules: Among its closing efforts for 1974, Congress passed a bill to

change the name of the Patent Office. In the future it will be the Patent

and Trademark Office.... Electrical and electronic applications annually

consume about 125 tons of gold, and while there are efforts to find substi-

tutes or more efficient use of gold, the experts believe that demand by the

electronics industry will be little affected in the neltr term by rising gold

prices. The industry, after jewelry, is the second largest consumer of the

metal.... The Air Force is contemplating procuring a phased-array radar

system known as PAVE PAWS. Two sites will be involved, each consisting

of a dual-faced, phased-array radar capable of detecting a submarine-

launched ballistic missile attack on the Continental U.S. and to provide

warning and assessment data to NORAD and SAC.... Aerospace Corp.,

under contract to the Law Enforcement Assistance Administration, is

developing a Citizen Alarm System, with which an individual can summon

police assistance. The system will consist of three components: a digitally

coded on-person actuator, such as a wristwatch ; a location coded receiver

relay unit, and a central station. Initial production of the actuators hasn't

been defined, but an estimated 5000 to 10,000 will likely be in the first

batch.

ELECTRONIC DESIGN 2, January 18, 197 5

1000 cm/usec stored writing speed, four storage modes, and more.

100 MHz oscilloscope Tektronix 7633 oscilloscope gives you 100 MHz bandwidth and 1000 cm/ µsec stored writing speed. So you can retain and view fast rise, low repetition rate, single shot or slow moving waveforms . All with one instrument. This allows you to solve problems in computer sciences, aerospace, ballistics, communications and various other applications.
Multi-mode storage The 7633 offers four operating modes: Nonstore, normal and fast Variable Persistence and Bistable modes are available at the touch of a button. And, an 8 x 10 div. (.45 cm/ div.) mode gives the instrument's top writing speed .
Bright, burn-resistant CRT No special operating safeguards are necessary with the 7633's rugged, burn resistant CRT. This makes it a dependable unit for design bench , hospital laboratory, service facility or classroom. The large 8x10 div. CRT is easy to read in both cabinet and rackmount configurations. An alphanumeric readout, exclusive on Tektronix instruments , makes quick on-screen reference and easy interpretation of photographic records. Or, the instrument may be ordered without the readout for $400 less.
Part of the 7000 Series Select from thirty different 7000 Series plug-ins. You can custom tailor your instrument to meet your immediate need . And expand its capabilities later as the need arises. A 7633 mainframe costs $3650. A typical configuration with dual trace vertical amplifier and delaying sweep timebase sells for $5,550. For rackmount add $100.
Specifications Vertical System-Accepts all 7000 Series vertical amplifiers. Bandwidth determined by mainframe plug-in unit up to 100 MHz. Left, Alternate, Add , Chop, Right display

modes. Chopped rate approximately 1 MHz. Horizontal System-Compatible with all 7000 Series plug-ins . Fastest calibrated sweep rate is 5 ns/ div. Phase shift between vertical and horizontal is 2 ° , DC to 35 kHz for X-Y operation.
CRT and Display-Internal 8x10 div. (.9 cm/ div) graticule with superimposed 8x10 div. (.45 cm/ div) reduced scan area. Nonstore, variable persistence, and bistable in normal or fast and full or reduced scan storage modes push-button selected. Writing Speed and View Times-From .03
div/ µsec until erased up to 2222 div/ µsec at 30 sec view time. View time may be increased more than 30 times by using reduced intensity in the SAVE display mode.

See for yourself For a " hands-on" demonstration, contact your nearby Tektronix Field Engineer. Or write: Tektronix, Inc., P. 0. Box 500, Beaverton, Oregon 97005. In Europe write:
···Tektronix Ltd., P.0 . Box 36, St. Peter Port,
Guernsey, C. I., U. K.
T E K T R O N I X®
committed to technical excellence
IN FORMATION RETRIEVAL NUMBER 28 FOR DEMONSTRATION 20 l

New! A 600-watt, 5V, 100 amps switching regulated power supply that has four outputs, measures just 3.9" x 7.5" x 16.12'~ weighs only 14 lbs., is 75% efficient and costs only $493:

And LH has 84 other equally exciting models to choose from - all of them smaller, lighter, more efficient and priced lower than competitive switchers.
250 to 1500 watts LH offers 7 standard wattage ratings - 250, 300, 500, 600, 1000, 1200 and 1500** watts. This is the most comprehensive line of highefficiency switchers available anywhere.
4 outputs Standard LH switchers are available with single, dual, triple or quad DC outputs. Primary output is fully regulated. 2nd, 3rd and 4th outputs are semi-regulated, but may be fully regulated for $30 per output.
Low DC voltage, high power outputs
Primary voltages are at 5 VDC; 50, 100, 200 and 300** amps. 2nd and 3rd voltages are standard ± 12, ± 15 and ± 18V at 8 amps each; 4th voltage is 24V at 2 amps. Other voltages available.
Input voltages externally selectable 110/220 VAC, 47 to 440 Hz, can be
selected by simply changing a jumper on the front terminal strip. DC input , 24 to 300 VDC, also available.
6 case configurations All LH switchers use one basic

proven design and package it in six different case shapes - wide and short or narrow and long - for customer convenience. With a nominal power density of 1.37 watt/cu. in., LH switchers pack more power into a smaller package than any other switchers you can buy.
80% efficient On single output models, over 80% of the primary input power is delivered to the output terminal. On models with dual, triple and quad outputs, efficiency averages 75%.
Lighter weights For example, LH's 250-watt single output model weighs only 7 lbs. ; the 1200-watt, quad output unit, just 30 lbs.
LH

A number of options Over-voltage protection, power fail detection, remote on-off, thermal cutoff, DC input, paralleling, master-slave paralleling (up to 10 units) -all are available to adapt LH switchers to a wide range of applications.
Easy maintenance True modular construction-all components are mounted on just three circuit boards-make servicing easy. The entire switcher can be disassembled in less than five minutes.
Priced as low as 63¢/watt Watt-_for-watt, LH units are the lowest priced switching regulated power supplies you can buy. In 1 to 24 quantity, a 250-watt single output model sells for $360; a 1200-watt quad goes for $1245.
Ask for full-line folder The LH rep in your area has a new six-page folder that fully describes the 85 standard LH switchers, and discusses possible options and modifications to meet specific requirements. Ask him for a copy today.

RESEARCH

* 1000 pc. qty. **Available Sept. '74

LH RESEARCH, INC., 2052 South Grand Avenue, Santa Ana, CA 92705 · (714) 546-5279

INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NUMBER 29

ELl· CT RONIC DESIGN 2. Ja nu ary 18. 1975

Oar dedication 10efficiency led as lo some of the most advanced
peripheral data eqaipmenl ·in the world.

Facit 75 CPS Paper Tape Punch

Our dedication to efficiency led us to your interest in the coupon below, and

a line of peripheral data equipment that send it to us.

can do just about anything you could ask.

Before too long you could have some

Complete products or sub-units featuring

very dedicated people at Facit, and a

top performance and long service with a

very efficient product, working for you.

minimum of maintenance requirements.

Facit. A leading manufacturer of

In fact, we honestly feel that no other peripherals for all types of computers and

OEM manufacturer offers a better per-

data recording systems.

formance to price ratio. Our dedication to efficiency led us to
a line of products that are expanding swiftly from alphanumerical page printers, strip printers and 75 CPS and 150 CPS tape punches to punch mechanisms, readers, input/output typewriters and numeric printing units.
Our dedication has also led to components that are compatible with, and adaptable to, just about any system.
Let us express our dedication by sending you more information. Just express

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I I I I I

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501 Winsor Drive
Secaucus. New Jersey 07094

I ED 175. I

Gentlemen:
I I'd like to dedicate myself to efficiency. Please I send me all the information you have on Facit I NPAerMiEph~er~al D~ata~E~qui~pme~nt.~~~~~~-

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TA TE

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INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NUMBER 30

ELECTRON IC D ESIGN 2, Ja nu ary 18. 197 5

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and the new. medium speed, high accuracy

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And Preston's GM Series ADCs are designed with a complete line of sub-system components that let you specify the number and type of analog input channels, plus the output, control and interface features that match your system's operating requirements:

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t·.U:4!"'t.D-U.A-"lU~ ... DCJ'Dl.CUAI MJIUR&:.D 'I ~1

(editorial)

Service with q .$mile

I forget which novelist wrote that service

was what he took his father's ~ow to the

neighbor's bull for. I was remindeq of such

service during my recent stay at t)1.e Dukes

tnat Hotel in Londpn, an institution

takes

pride in "an atmosphere of quiet comfort and

gracious living" and a "Staff who are only

too happy to attend to your slightest wants."

Well, perhaps my wants weren't slight

enough, but on my first morning, a .Saturday,

I complained that my shower sprayed water

in all directions but mine. A:qd since the

shower curtain was about a foot too narrow,

the bathroom floor got more water than I did. As you might expect, I

was courteously informed that the matter would be looked into.

On Sunday, when I complained again, the man at the desk, somewhat

chilly now, told me that something had indeed been done; the housekeeper

had been informed. And on Monday I learned that the housekeeper had,

in fact, looked into the matter. I was also told, somewhat indignantly,

that nobody had ever complained about the shower before and, of course,

nothing could be done about the curtain since the Dukes had only o;ne

width.

When I finally got a new shower head, on Tuesday, I began to feel

guilty about making a fuss. Perhaps I had been too demanding. Perhaps

I was too rigid. A creature of habit, I had assumed that I should perform

my ablutions while standing in the tub; I could easily have received

more water by stepping out to the bathroom floor.

Not wishing to fuss further, I simply decided that the Dukes was not

my favorite London hotel and that its being "only too happy to attend

to your slightest wants" did not apply to weekends.

Then I began to wonder if, in the electronics business, we give our

customers any better service. We respond to customer complaints with,

"Oh, we'll certainly look into that," then forget the matter and hope the

customer will. We answer customer complaints at our convenience, rather

than theirs. Or we put down our customers with: "Oh, it's always that

way."

We'll do a lot better if we look at service in a different way. It's not

a sales gimmick to win customers or to pamper them. We should see it

as an intrinsic ingredient in our product. We should see it, too, as a

mechanism for customers to teach us how to be better designers.

ELECTRONIC DESIGN 2, January 18, 1975

GEORGE ROSTKY
Editor-in-Chief
47

· ·

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When you want to buy a minicomputer, you go to a minicomputer company. That makes sense. When you want to buy memory, go to the memory company. That saves dollars.
Naturally, if you're designing a minicomputer-based systEilm, nothing is more important than choosing the right minicomputer. If you choose the Interdata 7/16 or 7/32, or the GAi SPC-16, chances are you've made the right choice. They're versatile, dependable minis that you can bank on.

But the next most important thing is the memory for your
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INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NUMBER 31

ELECTRONIC D ESIGN 2, January 18 , 1975

Reverse-Polish or algebraic en~ry-whi_ch
is best? Calculator manufacturers make similar claims
for each, but an objective study reveals a winner.

Most modern calculators use either a variant of an algebraic-entry system (AES) or reversePolish notation (RPN). "Polish" is easier to pronounce than the name of the notation's inventor, the Polish logician Jan Lukasiewicz.
According to calculator manufacturers, each system is easier to learn, remember and use. But in an objective evaluation, based upon algorithms for all the basic arithmetic operations ( +, - , x , + ) with four variables, RPN gets the best score (Table 1).
However, though RPN uses fewer keystrokes on the average, which system is easier to use remains a subjective decision. For the author, again RPN won. He made fewer mistakes with RPN, and selected it for his personal use.
Calculators in action
Simple AES calculators have two working registers and perform each operation when the next operation is keyed in. Complex expressions sometimes need to be rewritten to work with this system. For example,
a+ bc/ d - e can be done on a simple AES calculator by rearrangement of the sequence as follows :
EJ b 0 c EJ -<l G a EJ eEJ.
Note that is always needed at the end to denote the last operation.
Another AES method, referred to as AESH, has three working registers and an operational hierarchy so that x and + are done before + and - . People familiar with Fortran or Basic will feel comfortable with this system, which is very similar to ordinary algebra without parentheses. More elaborate AES schemes have parentheses, too.
With AESH, a one-line arithmetic expression
John A. Ball, Radio Astronomer, Center for Astrophysics, Harvard College and Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatories, Cambridge, MA 02138.
50

without parentheses can be directly keyed in as it stands:
aGb 0 c EJ d EJ e EJ . In this problem, the AESH calculator saves the
EJ . "a" and G and automatically performs this
operation after the 0 and The RPN calculator uses four working regis-
ters in a push-down stack. RPN is characterized by an enter ([I]), or save key. The numbers are first entered into the push-down stack, then the operation to be performed is pressed, and the answer appears on the stack in place of the operands. Most adding machines use a crude form of RPN: You first key in the number and then the operation. Anyone familiar with such adding machines will feel at home with this system.
The preceding problem done in RPN is
EJ . a [f] b [f] c 0 d EJEJ e
Note that the straightforward RPN algorithm for this problem requires one keystroke more than the AES or AESH algorithms. Also the sequence is not very obvious but must be learned. An alternative RPN sequence is
b ITJ c 0 d EJ a [!J e EJ , which uses the same number of keystrokes as AES or AESH.
Weighing the methods
Table 1 contains a systematic listing of the shortest algorithms to perform all possible basic arithmetic operational combinations with four
variables. To simplify the notation, [!] is used for
D either [±] or ~ , !=:] (multiply or divide) for
either ~ or + and for any of these four operations. T e problems are categorized to shorten the table whenever this can be done without an advantage being conferred on one of the
Dsystems. Some categories allow the use of the notation to shorten the table further. However, this class of calculation is given zero weighting and thus does not affect the final result.
A number entry and its operator are counted
ELECTRONIC DESIGN 2, January I 8, I97 5

Table 1. Study compares two algebraic systems, AES and AESH, and reverse Polish, RPN

Case

AES Algorithm

AESH #Ks Algorithm

RPN #Ks Algorithm

a·b

a[!]b@J

2 a [!]b [.§]

2 a[Db[!]

a ±b ±c
a·b· c (a·b) ·c (a ±b) · c (a·b) ±c a· (b·c) a+(b· c) a-(b· c) a x (b ±c) a + (b ±c)

a [Ti b[Tic[.§]
a [!]b [1] c [§]
a[!]b[!]c~
. arr:Jb[I]c@] a[!]b[Tic@]
rn b [!] c @] [S1'QJ a [!] cm::ItJ @]
b [!] c a[§] b[!]c[!E] [!]a@]
m b[Dc[E]a@]
b c @] c:IZiJ CEl a @]

3 aIT]b[Uc@] 3 a[!]b(!]c@J 3 a[!]bOO r::JcGI 3 a[l]bOO [!]cGI 3 a[J]b[Dc@)
6 b C!J c ~ csmJ a El CEiiJ GI
3 a[!]b[!]c~ 4 aE]b[!]c@) 3 b[DcOO [E]aG]
5 b m c GJ c:IZiJ CEl a 00

3 aCDbCDcrn 3 aCI]b[l]c[I] 4 aCDbElcEJ 4 a[Db[Dc[!]
3 aCDb[l]cCI]
6 aCDb[l]c[!] El
3 b [!]c[I] ·ill 3 a[!]b[Dc[!] El
4 b[Dc[i]aCBJ
5 aCDbC!lcCD [!]

a ±b ±c ±d a·b 1< c1<d (a·b) · (c · d)
(a ±b ) · c · d (a l<b ) ± (c· d)
a · b >< (c ±d) a · b + (c ±d) (a * b) ±c ±d (a ±b) · (c ±d)
a±b+(c1< d) a ±b-(c · d)

a[Tib[Dc[I]d@]
a(!]b[!]c(!]d@] c [!] d @:] CllOJ
a El b El cm:.tJ @J
a[Db(!]c(!]d@] c [!] d@] CllOJ a[!] b m
rm:.LJ@] c[!]d[E]a (!]b@]
c ill d @] c:IZiJ CEl a [JJ b @]
a[!]bllclld@J c[Dd@J CllOJ
a[!]b[I] cm:.IJ@]
c[!]d[!]a[Db@]
c [!]d c:±EJ rn a [Tib@]

4 a[fjb[I]c[Dd[fil 4 a[J]b[!]c(!]d@J
7 c [!] d ~ c:sTm
a~ b El rm:.LJ GI 4 a [I] b@J [!]c[!)d@] 7 111ill b [.f]c[!]d@]
4 c[I]d@] [E]a[l]bGI 6 c[Dd@] ClZXl [E]a[Eb@] 4 a[!Jb[Dc[Dd['"J
7 cm d !fil CllOJ a [lJ b ~ [!] ac;J @]
4 a[Db[I]c[!]d~ 5 a[Dbc:=::Jc[!]d@J

4 a CIJb ID c CildCil
4 a [!]b [!Jc[!] d[JJ 7 a[!]b[!]c[!]d[!J El
5 a[Db[Dc [i]d[i] 4 a[Db[l]c [!]d[JJ [lJ
5 c[Dd[Da[BJblIJ
6 · [!] b C!J c [!] d Cl] [!J 4 a [!]b [!Jc ClJd[l] 8 a CD b Cil c CD d ClJ III
4 c[!]d[!Ja[l]b[D
4 a[!]b[l]c[!]d[!J G

a· (b· (c·d})
a x (b+(c· d)) a + (b+ (cl<d)) a x (b- (c· d)) a + (b- (c 1< d))
a+ (b 1< c 1< d) a-(b · c 1< d) a 1< b · (c±d ) a x (b ±c ±d) a + (b ±c ±d) a+(b x (c ±d)) a- (b x (c ±d)) a+ (b+ (c ±d ) ) a-(b + (c ±d))
a ±b ± (c· d)

c r::J d 0 CllOJ b CTI cm:.IJ @J 10 CllOJ a [!] [EL] @]

c [!] d [!] b CEl a@]

c c

[!] d [!] d

C[!!]EbJ@r]n1bI

ZiJ
CEl

[]] a
a @]

6 5

c [!] d C!EJ [!] b @] c:IZiJ

(]]a@]

b[!]c[!]dCDa@J

b [!] c [!] d c:±EJ CD a @J

Previously done

b[Dc[Dd[]]a@]

b m c[Dd@] IIZiJ (]]a@] 6

c[Dd[E]b[!]a@]

c[Dd[E]b[!E] CDa@J

oo c[Dd@] c:IZiJ [E]b [!]a@]
c m d c:IZiJ CEJ b i:±EJ

6 7

CDa0

Previously done

c [!] d GI CllOJ b r::J rm:.LJ GJ CllOJ a[!] ac;J 0
b [!] c [!] d 00 [E]a@] b [!] c [!] d 0 c:IZiJ CEl a @] bi:=Jc[!]d@] [E]aGJ
b G c [!] d 0 ClZXl CEl a lfil
a [!]b (!]c[!]d@] aGb[!]c[!]dGI
b[l)c[f]d@l [E]a0 b[l]c[Dd@] ClZXl [E)a@] c[DdGI [E]bCDaOO c[Dd0 [E]b[!E] CDa@J
oo rn c [I] d(fil ClZXl [E)b[!Ja@]
cm d a:z&J b l1E
[l]a@]

11) a[!]bCI]c[!]dQ] [!] [!]
5 c CD d[!]b ClJ al:i!J 6 a CD c CD d CIJ b ClJ CD
5 b[l]c CDd[!] EJa[i!J
6 a[!]b[!]c[Dd[I] El CE
4 b[Dc[JJd[l]aW
4 aCDbCDcCIJd[I] El
5 b[!]c[Dd[DaCXJ
6 a[!]b[!]c[Dd[]] CD
5 c[!]d[lJb[E]aW
6 a[!]c[!]d[Db[BJ El
6 bCDcC!ldCD C.JaW
7 a[Db[!]c[lJd CD CD El

( (a·b) ·c) ·d (a ±b) · c · d ((a1<b) ±c) · d (a· b · c) ±d (a· b) ±c ±d ( (a ±b) · c} ±d (a ±b ±c) · d
a· ( (b·c) ·d)
a ± (b · c 1< d) a x ( (b±c) · d) a + ( (b ±c) · d)
ax ( (b· c) ±d) a + ( (b· c) ±d) a 1< (b ±c ±d) a+ ( (b· c) ±d) a- ( (b·c) ±d) a+ ( (b±c) ·d) a- ( (b ±c) · d)

aElbElc(!]d@J Previously done a[!]b[Dc[!]d@] a[!]b[!]c[Dd@] Previously done a[Db[!]c[Dd[§J a[Db[Dc[!]d@]
b [!] c [!] d @] CllOJ a [!] CRCLJ [§]
Previously done b[Dc[!]d[E)a@]
b m c [!] d (fil IIZiJ []] a @]
b[!]c[Dd[E]a[§J
b [I] c[Dd@] IIZiJ []]a@]
Previously done b[!]c[Dd[t]a[§J b(!]c[I]d@] [±E] [±]a@] b[Tic[!]dCDa@J b[Dc[!]d(!E] [±]a@]

4 a[!]b@] {Tic@] Eld@]
4 a[J]b[Dc@] [!]d[§J 4 a[!)b[!]c[Dd[§J
4 a[l]b[§J [!]c[Dd[§J 4 a[Db[Dc@] [!]d0
7 b[!]c@J [!]d[§J [SE] a[!] CRCLJ@]
4 b[l]c@] [!]d[E]a@] 6 b[I]c[§] [l]d@] ClZXl
[E)a@l 4 b[!)c[Dd@] []Jal:§] 6 b [!] c(l]d@] c:IZiJ CEl a@]
4 b[!]c[DdCDal:§J
6 b[!]c[Dd[§J C!EJ CDa@J
4 b[Dc@] [!]dCDal:§J 5 b[!JcOO [l]d[!EJ CDa@J

6 a[Db[!]cE]d[!]
5 aC!]b[!Jc[Dd[IJ 4 a[!]b[!]c[Ed[lJ
5 a[!]b[l]c[!Jd[f] 5 a[!]b[l]c[l]d[IJ 8 aCDbCDcEld[!] [!]
5 bCDc[l]d[IJafil 7 aCDb[!]c [I]d[i!J CD
5 bCDc[IJd[f]a[i!J 6 aCDbCDcCEd[I] [!J
4 bCDc[IJdc:DaW
6 aCDbCDc[!]d[D G
5 b[Dc[DdCEaW
6 a CD b CD c·rn d CJJ El

(a· (b·c)) ·d
(a+ (b· c)) · d (a-(b· c))l<d (ax (b ±c)) · d (a+ (b ±c) ) · d (a · b·c) ±d (ax (b ±c ) ) ±d (a+ (b± c) ) ±d a + (b· cl ±d a -(b· c)±d (a ±b ±cJ · d

b [!] c @] [SE]
a El IE:IJ [!] d @]
b[!]cCDa[!]d@J
b [!] c C!EJ CD a [!] d @J
b[fjc[E]a[!]d@J b m c@] c:IZiJ [E]a [!]d@] Previously done b[Dc[E]a[Dd@] b[Dc@] c:IZiJ[Tia[I]d@] b[!]cCDa[I]d@] b[!]c[!E] [I]a[I]d@]
Previously done

7 b [!] c 00 [SE:J a [!] rm:.LJ 0 [!] d [§]
4 a[I]b[!]c[§J [!]d@] 5 ai:=Jb[!]c@] [!]d@]
m 4 b[Dc@] [E]a[!]d[§J
6 b c @] c:IZiJ CEl a [!] d [§]
4 b[l]c(fil [E]a[Tid@] 6 b[l]c0 c:IZiJ [E]a[Dd@] 4 a[I]b[!]c[Dd@] 5 ai:=Jb[!]c[Dd[§J

8 aCDb[!]cEJ Eld El
5 bCDc[IJa[!Jd[!]
5 aCDb CD c C!J c::Jd C!l
5 b[Dc[Da[i!Jd[IJ 6 aCDbCDcm C!JdC!J
5 b[Dc[l]a[i!Jd[D 6 aCDbCDcCD Cildc:D 4 bCDc[!]a[!Jd[D
4 aCDbCDc[!]d[l] G

ELECTRONIC DESIGN 2, J a nuary 18, 1975

New! Simple, low-cost way to monitor equipment usage time!

Install these new, low cost electrochemical elapsed time indicators in the equipment you design to measure use t ime of equi pment and itscomponents. They are small in size . .. the size of an ordinary automot ive fuse ... and easy to install. A snap-in type that fits a standard 3AG f use cli p-or a solder type-are available. They are inexpensive enough to be used in quantity on a single pi ece of eq uipmen t .
The indi cator employs a simple coulometry prin ciple. When a controll ed DC current is applied across the indi cator's terminals, there is a precise buildup of a copper column in the unit's glass tu be. The tu be, ca librated in hourly increments, provides a direct scale non-reversible readout. Models are available for 1000, 2000, 5000 and 10,000 hours.

Keeps accurate

time records for

warranty validation,

preventive

maintenance.

Actual

Size

Send for information now!
I I A.W. HAYDON CO. PRODUCTS NORTH AMERICAN PHILIPS CONTROLS CORP. Cheshire, Conn. 06410 · (203) 27~·0301 INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NUMBER 33
10 amps of switching in a1"cube

as one keystroke, and the total needed is noted for each system. Also each category has an a ssociated weight 'that approximates the frequency of occurrence of such problems. Other scoring methods are possible, but the outcome wo uld probably be the same.
Table 2 contains summary information from Table 1. Clearly, RPN requires fewer keystrokes for this type of problem.
RPN is the winner?
The problems considered here form only a small subset of all the arithmetic problems that can be encountered in engineering. Thus it is difficult to be certain that RPN wins for more complex problems, but it is reasonable to expect that

Table 2. Comparative weighted scores

Sums of number of wins x weights from Table 1

RPN vs AESH:

RPN

AESH

Ties

156

170

RPN vs AES:

RPN

AES

Ties

294

AES VS AESH:

AES

AESH

Ties

116

208

Series19 Relay. One of the most compact and reliable relays you'll ever use.
In just one cubic inch, the remarkable Series 19 relay combines the advantages of miniaturization with a capacity to handle heavy switching loads. Result : more performance in a smaller overall package. Yet the cost is low - less than $2.00 each in 100piece quantities.
Contact arrangement is SPOT. Rating is 10 amps, 28 vdc or 115 v, 60 hz. Available coil voltages range from 3 to 24 vdc .
Consider the Series 19 relay for low level to 10 amp switching applications such as remote control , alarm systems and similar industrial and commercial uses.
Send for information now!
I I PRI CE ELECTRI C RE LAYS NORTH AMERICAN PHILIPS CONTROLS CORP.
E. Church & 2nd St.· Frederick . Md . 21701 · (301) 663 · 5141
INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NUMBER 34
52

Sum of keystrokes x weights

AES:

1562

AESH:

1630

RPN:

1484

RPN does. As additional evidence in favor of RPN, note that AES and AESH calculators must use their ISTO I register for even some simple problems in Table 1. Then the register is not available for more complex problems. Monadic fpnctions, such as sines and logs, are omitted because AES and AESH calculators, in fact, use RPN .for such operations. ··
ELECTRONIC D ESIGN 2, January 18 , 1975

MATSUSHITA LAUNCHES ARRllV-M. NOW YOU CAN BE CHOOSIER ABOUT THE RELAYS YOU BUY AND MANY YOU COULDN'T BUY.

Be choosier.

Yesterday when you needed a large

selection of relays to choose from,

you could only go to two places. Today

Matsushita's Arrow-M Corporation gives

you a third source for a broad base of re-

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At Arrow-M you find more than cur-

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Who isn't worried about availability in today's market? Availability now. Next
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Send for our general relay catalog. It contains full specs on reed, miniature and power relays. We'll also send along advanced data on newly-designed, state-of-the-art relays. Call or write now. ARROW-M CORPORATION
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EL ECTRONI C D ESIGN 2, J a nuary 18, 1975

INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NUMBER 35

Relays for advanced technology.
m
Arrow·M
53

PREMIER ELECTRONIC CABINETS and CASES
· RUGGED-FUNCTIONAL CONSTRUCTION · ESTHntcs KEYED TO MODERN SYSTEMS ·PROMPT SIRVICE & AVAILABILITY· ICONOMICAL PRICING

D .

Assorted rear panel accessory options
1. Side Hinged Door Panel (SHP Series)
2. Formed Panel (FP Series) 3. Perforated Formed Panel,
1/ 16" dia. holes on l/s" stag -
4. f~~~e~e~~~~~e1~ns."i'~WL Series)
Standard l/e" & 3/ 16" flat panels also available (ARP, MAP, RP Series)

TIC Series Construction Details (front and rear identical)
5. Trim: Extruded , anodized alum inum with black vinyl inlay
6. Chassis/ Shelf Support (accessory)
7. Welded stiffener channel and hand grip support
I . Full extention sl ides with mounting hardware (acces· sory)
9. Recessed panel mounting channels and structural sup· ports (4 per case) Standard EIA & WE hole spac ing provide for frontal mounting and internal equipment mounting. Hardware supplied
10. Carrying Grip with vinyl inlay 11. Case Body, welded, formed
steel (20 ga .) with welded 16 ga . channel gusseting and channel stiffeners 12. Non-marring feet
Standard Finishes: Textured Vinyls, 13 colors
Semi-gloss Enamels, 10 colors

337 Manida Street, Bronx, New York 10474 (212) 991-6600
INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NUMBER 36

MICROWAVE MATERIALS S COMPONENTS
FUJI supplies various types of ferrite materials covering a broad range of frequencies from the MHz range to GHz range . The quick production of garnet single crystal ferrite having a wide range of saturation magneti-· zation from 150 to 1,790 gausses in sphere, rod, and disk shapes are our specialty. Polycrystal ferrite for circulator, isolator, and substrate for micro-integrated circuit, MgMn ferrite, NiZn ferrite, and YIG are also available.

·· ··

···

Single crystal ferrite

..''
Polycrystalferrlte

Circulators · Isolators
Various types of circulators and isolators covering the VHF and UHF bands are supplied. Circulators and isolators for OEM applications can also be quickly designed and manufactured in addition to standard products.
Dummy load
High power type termination use ruthenium oxide resistor dummy loads are manufactured.

FUJI ELECTROCHEMICAL CO.

H ead Office: Hamagomu Bldg.. 5-36 -11 , Shinbashi, M inato-ku . Tokyo , Japan TEL: 434 -1271

Overseas Office: New York TEL: (212) 532-5630 Los Angeles TEL: (213)620-1640 Dusseldorf TEL: (211)89031

JOHN. TSUKIKAWA SAM. YOSHINO TAD. KOMURO

INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NUMBER 37

ELECTRONIC D ESIGN 2, January 18. 197 5

IR's new glass passivated, high voltage PowerTransistors and Darlingtons...

The three other largest selling high voltage power transistor lines of today offer you good characteristics. But while a specific device may excel in specs for one parameter, it may be marginal in other equally important characteristics. Not so with !R's new high voltage power transistors. They easily meet or exceed all established specifications. Now you can design a better, more efficient circuit without compromising.
* High Voltage and High Gain in the same transistor.
Most others offer you either high voltage or high gain. They can't give you both in the same device. We can. For example: rated to 700Vcno with an Io from 7 to 10 Amps (pulse) , we provide a gain of 30 - 90 at 1 Amp.
* Glass Passivation for
longer life, better stability.
IR triple-diffused, NPN mesa structure, high voltage power transistors have glass pass ivated junctions. You'll get

longer life and a stability unequalled by the other brands. The avalanche curve

Competitively Priced and Cross· Referenced to the 3 major lines.
IR high voltage power transistors are available in 12 models rated from 300 to 700Vcno with an le from 7 to 10 Amps (pulse). Monolithic Darlingtons in 15 models are rated to 600Vcno with an l e from 15 to 25 Amps (pulse). All are in the standard T0-3 package.

Find IR's equivalent to the devices

you're now using, then ask your local IR

_salesman, Rep or Distributor for com-

plete specs and a test evaluation sample.

When you've put it to the test, we think

you'll agree. It's better - everywhere

that counts. pictured shows our "sharp" curve and

the "soft" curve of the others. Convincing evidence of better junctions that you
can operate at full rated specs without a worry.
* Lower Saturation Voltage for better efficiency.

IR P/N IR401
IR402

Delco P/N DTS 401
DTS 402 2N3902

RCA P/N

Motorola P/N
MJ3026 MJ3027
MJ 3 028 MJ3030 2N3788 2N3902

IR403
IR saturation voltage is lower than the IR409 others. Higher efficiency, less power loss, reduced power consumption and system IR410 operation at lower power levels are your IR411

new advantages. And you won't have to

sacrifice switching speeds or voltage

capability.

IR413

* "Stress-Relief" Bonding for better

IR423

resistance to temperature cycling.

IR424

DTS 403 DTS 409 DTS 410 DTS 411
DTS 413 DTS 423 DTS 424

RCA410
RCA411 2N5838 2N5839
RCA413 2N5840
RCA423

MJ410
MJ411 MJ1800 MJ3029' MJ3430 MJ413
MJ42 3 MJ424

IR's "Stress-Relief" bonding between the chip and mounting surface gives better protection from thermal cycling, gives you an extra margin of safety in thermal design considerations, with a broad safe-area that is more than adequate for any application.

IR425

DTS 425

MJ425

IR430

DTS 430

2N5239 2N5240

MJ430

IR431

DTS 431

RCA431 2N5240

MJ431 2N5241

Monolithic Power Dartingtons

IR4040 IR4045 IR4060 IR4065

DTS 4040 DTS 4045 DTS 4060 DTS 4065

Ask for data on IR's 11 additional types.

Prove our point on prcurve
tracer ··.
Get your test sample today.

International Rectifier

... the innovative power people II~~R J

ELECTRON IC D ES IGN 2, J a nu a ry 18, 197 5

233 KANSAS ST.. EL SE GUND O. CA. 902 4 5, (213)678-6281
INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NUMBER 38
55

Need a small keyboard? Obtain
binary-coded output from a low-cost sequential-scanning circuit that can be easily expanded from 10 to 64 keys.

To use a full ASCII encoder for a small keyboard is expensive overkill. Instead, you can "roll your own" low-cost designs with 10 to 64 keys th~t provide binary-code outputs for TTL digital systems.
But the simplest, obvious approach to keyboard encoding (Fig. 1) won't work well because:
· It does not distinguish between the "all-keysup" and "key-zero-down" condition.
· It generates erroneous output codes if more than one key is depressed.
· It is difficult to eliminate the effects of switch l;>0unce.
· It requires many input pull-up resistors. · Its parts count becomes prohibitive when used for more than 16 contacts. Use of a 9302 decoder IC in a sequential scanning circuit can solve most of these problems. Though the response time increases to milliseconds, this speed is more than adequate for keyboards, which usually handle less than 10 inputs a second. In addition to the de-oder, a 7490 decade counter and a controlled os cillator are needed (Fig. 2). When all keys are up, the oscillator runs free at about 1 kHz. The counter sequences in modulo 10 and activates, one after the other, the open-collector outputs of the 9302, a 1-of-10 decoder. The 10 key contacts are connected to the decoder outputs, and the common of the key-switches is pulled to Vee through a 1-k.!1 resistor. Every time the counter number corresponds to the selected key, the common is pulled to ground. This causes the oscillator to stop and provide LOW level on the clock input to the 7490 decade counter.
Bounce protection is provided
The oscillator time constant provides some bounce protection; however, under unfavorable circumstances the counter might make one additional complete scan before settling. A LOW output signal on the valid-code line indicates that the counter output corresponds to the number of
Peter Alfke, Fairchild Camera and Instrument Corp., 464 Ellis St., Mountain View, CA 94042 .
56

0
UenJ
:z>
:>
~(((((((((
KO Kl K2 K3 K4 K5 K6 K7 KB K9
1. The most obvious approach to a keyboard-circuit design doesn't work very well, and in addition, the circuit requires a large number of parts.

t - + - + - + - - - - - - - - - - - - . . . . ( l AO
....+-+--------------0AI t - + - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0 A2
._------------oA3 '"-;::==:::::!..l.....l...l......

I k

330

CONTROLLED OSCILLATOR
2. A sequential-scanning circuit has a low parts count and solves most of the problems presented by the gate encoding approach of Fig. 1.
ELECTRONIC DESIGN 2, January 18, 197 5

- > - + - - -- - - - - --<.J Ai ___,--- - - - - - ----uA2 - - -- - - - - ----0 A3

9601

330

CONTROLLED OSCILLATOR

FROM
KEYBOAR0.__ _ _ _--1---<t--+-~

- - -- -1 0 112
7474
CP

DATA READY

RESPONSE

3 . A retriggerable one-shot added to the sequentialscanning circuit helps eliminate the undesirable multipleinput effects of key-switch bounce.,

5. Some data processors ·require an interlock-signal with the keyboard. The data-ready output of the flip -flop and response signal provide this interlock.

7490
QOQI Q2 Q3
-+-t-11-------o AO .. _ + - + - - - - - - O A I ._+------OA2 ------OA3

-P-KO

CONTROLLED OSCILLATOR
4. For data systems that need a valid-signal output in pulse form, a dual-monostable IC is used .
ELECTRON IC D ESIGN 2, January 18, 1975

6. Only small changes convert the basic sequential cir-
cuit to an 8 x 2 matrix or 16-key, data entry system .
57

;gr·"' _] CPo

J 9393

PT J CP0

9393

CP1 QOQI Q2 Q3

J -=-
AO Al A2 A3 9302 DECODER

r r

;>Vee

SO SI S2

5.6k

9312

8 -INPUT MULTIPLEXER

330

p--

8 ·8 KEY MATRIX

-C AO -0 Al -0 A2 ~ A3 -0 A4 -0 A5

100
_f_OJµF
~

Vee
9
50k
~~

~ 9601 ~

7. An 8 x 8 matrix for 64-keys is built by the addition of a 9312 multiplexer IC to the basic circuit of Fig. 2.

the depressed key. Tw0-key rollover protection is inherent in this
design. If a second key is depressed while the counter is still locked onto the first one, the second key is ignored until the first key is released. Thereafter the counter searches for any other key depression. However, if two or more keys are depressed within 10 ms, the system cannot resolve the entry sequence, but it still will produce a valid code--equivalent to the first key the decoder scan "encounters."
The addition of a 9601 retriggerable monostable IC to this basic scanner circuit improves the circuit's ability to distinguish between key bounce and repetitive entry with the same key (Fig. 3). When none of the keys is depressed, the monostable is kept in a retriggered state by the clock pulses. A depressed key stops the oscillator, .and after a time delay set by the RC time constant, the monostable times out. A HIGH level on the monostable's Q-output valid line indicates that the counter's output corresponds to the depressed key. Release of the key triggers the monostable on the first rising clock edge and terminates the valid signal one-half clock period
58

before the counter changes state. Thus no output ambiguity can occur.
Interlocking the keyboard
In digital systems that require a pulse output for the valid signal, the pulse can be generated with a dual-monostable circuit that uses a 96L02 (Fig. 4). Some digital systems require an interlock between the keyboard encoder and the processor that receives the data. In Fig. 5, when the monostable times out, it sets an edge..triggered flip-flop. This action produces a data-ready signal for the data processor and also prevents the scanner from advancing after the key is released. A response signal from the processor then acknowledges that the data were received, and it resets the flip-flop.
The 10-key scanning-encoder design can be expanded for 16 or more keys by use of additional counter stages and decoders. Fig. 6 shows an 8 x 2 matrix encoder for 16 keys, and Fig. 7 an 8 x 8 matrix configuration for 64 keys. These circuits need no djodes at the matrix intersections. ··
ELECTRONIC DESIGN 2, January 18, 1975

Now! Aguaranteedcure for worst case design noise.

Designing with CMOS? Got a worst case design requirement? Then look to 54C/ 74C. It's the only CMOS logic family that guarantees noise immunity in a way that is meaningful to the designer.
Take a for instance. Say you are designing a smal I CMOS process control system with a 1Ovolt power supply.You determine that worst case noise is 2 volts-1 volt due to power distribution and 1 volt due to AC coupling on a signal line. Compare what happens when you use 54C/ 74C as opposed to 4000A. With a 2-volt degradation of input voltage 54C/74C still has typically three times the drive capabi Iity of the 4000A series. End result: 54C/ 74C allows use of worst case design with far greater noise margins than 4000A series.

VINOMAX VIN1MIN VOUTOMAX VOUT1MIN

1our

74C + 2V

+ av

1.0V

10µaSource

or Sink

4000A + 3V

+ 7V

2.9V

7.2V

0.0µ a Source or Sink

With a seven volt input the 4000A specifies a 2.9 volt maximum output. From this you can guarantee only that the output from the first gate will be :;;2.9 volts, with the worst case 7 volt " 1" level in the system. If any more than 0.1 volts of additional noise is injected at A, the outputs of the second and third gates will be undefined.
In the same system 54C/ 74C specifies an output

of 1 volt maximum with the input at 8 volts or a 9 volt minimum output with the input at 2 volts.With 2 volts of noise at the input of the first gate the result will be a 1 volt degradation at the gate 's output. Up to one volt of additional noise can be coupled onto the input of the second gate, and the gate will continue to maintain its output within 1 volt of supply.The same holds true for succeeding stages.
74C02

V \OV
ViNi
VINOMA)(.· 'ZV Vss · OV

- - - - - -::£.:-.:--=...-::::O:U.Ts\M:>N."9V
- - - - - - - f , : GUARANTEED NOISE MARGIN

-------*--1V GUARANTEED NOISEMARGtN
-------.1- '"- - -- --------- -- -------

vouTOMAX.· 1V

In addition , a 54C/ 74C output terminates signal

lines with typically 1/ 3 the impedance of_4000A,

giving you higher immunity to coupled noise.The

54C/74C series also specifies output source and

sink current of 10µa minimum as part of its noise

immunity specification, while the 4000A series does

not specify output current loading.

So, if noise is your problem, take

the sure cure: a worst case

design using 54C/74C. If

you don 't need such

strong medicine, try our

4000 series.We 've got

a whole family-more

than 30 devices. For

details see your

Harris distributor

or representative.

m
.../\../\../\

HARRIS
SEMICONDUCTOR
A DIVISION OF HARRIS CORPORATION

P.O. Box 883 , Melbourne, Florida 32901 (305) 727-5430

WHERE TO BUY THEM : OEM SALES OFFICES: ARIZONA: Scottsdale. (602) 946-3556 CALIFORNIA: Long Beach , (213) 426-7687 ; Palo Alto , (415) 964-6443 FLORIDA: Melbourne. (305) 727-5826 ILLINOIS: Schaumburg . (312) 894-8824 MASSACHUSETTS: Wellesley Hills. (617) 237-5430 MINNESOTA: Burnsville , (612) 432-6111 NEW YORK: Endwell . (607) 754-5464 ; Melville. L .I., (516) 249-4500 OHIO: Dayton . (513) 226-0636 PENNSYLVANIA: Wayne. (215) 687-6680 TEXAS: Richardson , (214) 231 -9031 .

SALES REPRESENTATIVES: CALIFORNIA: San Diego, (714) 279-7961 COLORADO: Denver, (303) 771-4920 KANSAS : Olathe , (913) 782-1177

MARYLAND: Randallstown , (301) 922-1248 NORTH CAROLINA: Raleigh , (919) 828-0575 NEW YORK: Buffalo. (716) 633-7970 OREGON: Beaverton ,

(503) 643-1644 TENNESSEE: Shel byville, (615) 684-4544 VIRGINIA: Falls Church, (703) 534-1673; Troutville, (703) 345-3283; Virginia Beach,

(804) 481-7200 WASHINGTON : Bellev ue. (2061454-0300

INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NUMBER 39

EL ECTRON IC D ESIGN 2, January 18, 1975

IT'S CLEARLY THE CHOICE OF
ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS - WORLDWIDE

WHEN YOU HAVE
Electronic oasian's
GOLD BOOK
YOU DON'T NEED ANY OTHER INDUSTRY DIRECTORY

In just a few months, the first issue of Electronic Design 's GOLD BOOK has become the leader among all directories used in this industry. Engineers have responded enthusiastically throughout the U.S. and from all over the world especially in Europe where they 've never seen anything like it before. The GOLD BOOK has become number one almost overnight.

HERE'S HOW YOUR FELLOW ENGINEERS RATE THE INDUSTRY ANNUALS

Electronic Design's GOLD BOOK

Annuals Consulted Within Past
Month
85%

Annuals Preferred
60%

Electronic Engineer Master (EEM)

63%

42%

Electronic Buyer's Guide (EBG)

32%

Thomas Register

16%

Conover-Mast Purchasing Directory

SOURCE : Study by Dr. Eugene D. Jaffe, Associate Professor of Marketing , St. John 's University, Nov. 1974. Base : respondents using directories . Totals exceed 100 % due to multiple mentions.

The GOLD BOOK has revolutionized directory use patterns in this industry. Here's why : The GOLD BOOK is by far the largest, most complete one-step electronics purchasing and reference tool ever produced. And it's far easier to use. Look at these comparisons:

COMPARISON OF ELECTRONICS INDUSTRY DIRECTORIES (1974-75 editions)

Number of manufacturers listed
Total number of products listed Number of direct products listed Number of cro ss-reference products listed
Number of distributors listed in Distributors Directory - Alphabetic
Number of distributors listed in Distributors Directory_- Geo_g_raphic
Is co mplete mail ing address given each time a company is li sted in product directory_?
Is telephone number given for each company listed in product directory_?
Are distributors listed for each manufactu rer?
Does manufacturers listing inc lude FSCM numbers?
Does manufacturers listing include facsimile equipment by make and call number?
Total Circulation . .. . . ... ............ . .. Overseas Circulatio n' . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . Number of ad pages .. . .. . ... . . . ....... . .

EBG ELECTRONICS BUYERS' GUIDE
5,800 4,267 2,479 1,788
0
0
No
No No No
No 30 ,017'
1,339' 590'

EEM ELECTRONIC ENGINEERS
MASTER 3 , 165 3 ,235 2,250 985
1,720
1,72 0
No
No Partial'
No
No 89 ,169'
O' 2,752

ELECTRONIC DESIGN'S GOLD BOOK 7,528 4,799 2,925 1,874
5,780
5,780
Yes
Yes Yes Yes
Yes Over 90,000
13,200 2,820

'Paid listings only 'Includes Canada

'Standard Rate & Data; Oct. 24 . 1974 4 1ncludes fractionals

MOST THOROUGH, MOST COMPLETE, EASIEST-TO-USE ELECTRONICS INDUSTRY DIRECTORY IN THE WORLD

Use digital counting logic to generate
precise waveforms. You can control the waveforms by digitally
changing the amplitudes and the starting and stopping points.

To generate and control all the characteristics of ramp waveforms, just use digital counting log;ic to drive a digital-to-analog converter.
This digital synthesis method-instead of the conventional constant-current source that charges a capacitor-permits complete control of the ramp's starting and stopping voltages, ramp rate and ramp linearity (convex, concave or linear). You can also stop and hold indefinitely the ram,p with zero droop at any point on the waveforma feat difficult to achieve with standard analog sample-and-hold circuitry.
The availability of good 6, 8 and 10-bit d/ a· converters that cost less than $30 makes these d/ a generated waveforms economical in many applications. Some applications include filter testing, analog computing, CRT sweep generation, motor-servo systems and programmable power supplies.
You can also generate waveforms other than the ramp-sawtooth, square, rectangular, sine, or any other waveform desired. Just write a bit pattern and let the converter decode it.
Select the right converter
The accuracy of the waveform you want to generate is limited by the d/ a converter resolution. For example, an 8-bit d/ a has an available resolution of one part in 28, or about 0.39 % (Table 1). Thus for a 10-V full-scale range, this translates into an output-voltage resolution of 39 mV.
The actual resolution of the converter is usually less than the theoretical value because of internal component tolerances, drift and noise. Remember that the lower the converter resolution, the more the waveform looks like a staircase instead of a ramp. In fact, a very low resolution d/ a converter (2 or 3 bits) is a convenient way to generate a four or eight-level staircase to use with a semiconductor curve tracer, for example.
Michael S. McNatt, Senior Engineer, King Radio, 400 N. Rogers Rd., Olathe, KS 66061.
62

The analog output span voltage between the minimum and maximum input digital words is usually called the full-scale range. On many converters, this range can be selected if you place wire jumpers between specified terminals. The jumpers change the internal feedback resistor on the output operational amplifier. Some of the popular output ranges include 0 to - 10, 0 to + 10, ±10, and ±5 V.
In addition to s~lecting the resolution you need, you must also evaluate the converter settling time. The settling time can range from about 30 µs in the low-cost converters to about 1 µs in the higher-speed models. Basically the settling time can be defined as the total time necessary for the output to fall within a specified error band after a step change at the input.

Table 1. Maximum d/a resolution

N
(binary bits.) 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
·or 15 ppm.

2li
16
64
256 1,024 4,096 16,384 65,536

Available resolution
(%)
6.25 1.56 0.39 0.098 0.024 0.0061 0.0015*

The maximum slew rate of the converter output can be determined once the settling time is known:
Full-scale range Max slew rate= settrmg t·ime x 2n V/ s, where 2" is the maximum number of converter input states. Depending on the converter's settling characteristics, you can increase its slew rate to more than the calculated value. For example, if an 8-bit d/ a has a 5-µs settling time and is set for a 0 to + 10 V output sw.ing, the calculated circuit slew rate is 7.8 V/ ms. This assumes that you have waited for the converter to settle to within
its specified limit-usually 0.05 or 0.1 % at each

ELECTRONIC DESIGN 2, January 18, 1975

5 LOAD

~--,4--tUP·O l-=---4>------+--+--~CK A3

D c~t6--7+--t -----------32q .""2t"" MSB

IB 5V

190 }74191 I IN

B 2

4 "311

At3--t----~'"<51 "4"

6 "5"
7 "6" B
DIG GND

INT REF OUT F.S. ADJ 24

!Ok

II 15V
sv
POWER
ONRST LS
MAX
1. Generat~ triangular waveforms with a ramp generator to provide positive and negative-going slopes. An

OFFSET ADJ 29
ANALOG OUT 30 ANALOG GND 31

ZELTEX ZD430 D/A CONVERTER

OR EQUIVALENT

15V -15V

OUTPUT

IOV A

ovv ~ "'-
I Ok

5V 100
lk 7
1/2LM319

4 .7k 4 .7k

15V IOk

8-bit d/a converter and some control circuitry are all that are needed.

step in the ramp. If you don't need such accuracy, you can increase the slew rate by speeding up the conversion.
Generate triangular waves
To show the ramp-generation technique, let's generate a triangular waveform by use of the circuit shown in Fig. 1. The two 74191s form a 256bit up/ down counter that drives an 8-bit binary d/ a converter. A 555-type timer is used as a freerunning clock for the counters. Two comparators (LM319 dual) control the 7474 up/ down flip-ft.op. These comparators provide analog control of the minimum and maximum triangle excursions.
When the circuit is activated, the counters and flip-ft.op are cleared and up-counting proceeds until the max limit is reached. The flip-ft.op is then clocked into the down mode. Now the counters count down until the min limit is reached, the flip-ft.op is cleared again, and the process starts over.
If the ramp's excursions are limited to between preset points, a different method of up/ down co~ trol can be used. You can digitally decode the output of the counters at each limit (Fig. 2). Thus you eliminate the need for analog comparators and can generate a triangle waveform of any size
ELECTRONIC D ESIGN 2, January 18, 1975

just by a change of the decoding network at the converter.
If you require different ramp-up and rampdown times, the up/ down flip-ft.op can be used also to control the clock frequency (Fig. 3). One popular method is to use logically controlled pnp transi·stors that select between two timing resi·stors in a 555 oscillator. The following equation can be used to calculate the required clock frequencies :

C max - C min

clock= ramp time ,

when C max and C min are bit counts that represent the maximum and minimum desired excursions

of the ramp. For example, if a 0.1-s ramp-up

time is desired for a ramp that varies be.tween

0.39 and 7.995 V, then the clock frequency

becomes

205 O.l

= 7.95 kHz.

In this example, 205 is actually the max bit count that represents 7.995 V (7.995/ 0.039) ; and 10, the min count (10 times 1 LSB) .

Generate nonramp waverorms
Practically any type of analog waveform can be generated by ad/ a converter with the appro-

Table 2. Driver circuits for various waveforms

Waveform A) Positive
sawtooth or ramp
B) Negative sawtooth
C) Triangle

CLOCK CLOCK

Representative circuit
UP COUNTER RST
DOWN COUNTER

VMAX

SEE FIGURE I

D) Rectangular,

square, puls

n PROGRAMMING LINES

V LOGIC MAX OR
GATING

· = n LINES

Comments
Counter resets to ·ZERO after a count of ONEs is reached.
Counter resets to all ONEs after ZERO is reached.
Either analog comparator (Fig. 1) limit detection or · digital decoding of limits (Fig. 2).
Use either decoding logic or gated program control of minimum and maximum excursions.

n PROGRAMMING LINES
Tl

E) Concave or convex ramp
F) Complex waveforms

SWEPT FREQ CLOCK
CLOCK
COUNTER

ENABLE

UP OR
DOWN COUNTER

CLOCK

ROM OR RAM

LOGIC VMIN cJriNG
VMAX-~
Vu1N··-
!c___L __
I
!~--~---
I

~ Up counting ~ Down counting

Sin x, ex, etc.

priate input patterns and control logic. Several representative logic input schemes and their output waveforms are listed in Table 2. Of these, sawtooth waveforms are probably the easiest to generate. For a positive sawtooth that ranges from zero to full scale and then resets, all you need is a clock, up-counter and converter. If you add a comparator, the maximum output excursion can be programmed by the V,,..,. input. The V,,"'. input could be the output of · still another converter that is under computer control.
If the counter is switched to the down-counting mode, a negative-going sawtooth results. Various methods such as resistive dividers, controlledgain amplifiers or analog digital decoding of the limits can be used to get different output excursions.
You can also generate long or short-duration square waves or pulses with a pair of one-shots to form an oscillator that alternately enables two logic decoding networks (Table 2d). These circuits set the waveform's max and min voltage excursions.
Even more complex waveforms can be gener-
64

z I
3 COUNTER 4 OUTPUTS 5
6 7 8

MAX·BV

-
7430
~

I
7;
'7.

~
F l ~
N·0.4V
~

DIA CONV
...
7 4 0 4 °1
2I5O6V " :" 39mV ISTEP
MIN·0.4V_!::!IO COUNTS · 00001010
MAX· 8Vc.!205 COUNTS · 1100 1101

2. You can build a decoding network that can change and control the starting and stopping points of the ramp . The circuit can also set the ramp excursion limits to vary the waveform amplitude.

ELECTRONIC D ESIGN 2, January 18 , 197 5

UP-DOWN FLIP FLOP
I k
I k
UP/DOWN CONTROL COUNTER
3. Two pnp transistors, controlled by a flip-flop, can be used to switch resistors in the 555 clock circuit . This, in turn, changes the clock frequency and thus the ramp-up and ramp-down times.
ated if you use random logic, frequency-swept clocks or programmed memories. For instance, a ramp's linearity can be controlled if you sweep the clock driver and change the frequency.

Also, multiplexers can be used to produce a num-
ber of different waveforms with the same d/ a
converter, as in a function generator. · ·
Bibliography:
1. Millman, J., and Taub, H., "Pulse, Digital and Switching Waveforms,'' McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1965, pp. 45-54.
2. VanderKooi, M. K., " Linear Applications Book." National Semiconductor, Santa Clara, CA, 1973, p. AN20-4.
3. "Designer's Guide to Data Converters," Wall Chart, Electronic Engineer, 1972.
4. Taylor, Ralph D., private correspondence. 5. Sheingold, Daniel H., "Analog-Digital Conversion Handbook," Analog Devices, Norwood, MA, 1972. 6. Kaye, David N., "Focus on A I D and DI A Converters," Electronic Design, No. 1, Jan. 4, 1973, pp. 56-65. 7. Schmid, Hermann, "An Electronic Design Pracbcal Guide to DI A Conversion," Electronic Design No. 22, Oct. 24, 1968, pp. 49-88. 8. Allan, Roger, "A I D and DI A Converters: Do You Know What the Parameters Mean?" EDN, Dec. 15, 1972, pp. 18-23. 9. Himmelheber, Peter, " Digita l Sweep Generator Maintains Constant Output Voltage at Specified Time," Electronic Design No. 18, Sept. 2, 1972, p. 66. 10. Product Report, "Combined Peak-Detector and Sample-and-Hold Circuit with Zero Droop," EDNI EEE, May 15, 1971, p. 70. 11. Forsberg, Roy W., " ROM Shrinks Function Generator," EDN I EEE, June 1, 1971, p. 43. 12. Product Report, " ROM Look-Up Generates Sine Wave in Frequency Synthesizer," EDN! EEE, Oct. 1, 1971, p. 45. 13. Bower, Kenneth, "CMOS Linear-Ramp Generator Has Amplitude Control,'' EDNI EEE, June 20, 1973, p. 87. 14. Krabbe, Heinrich, "Stepped Sawtooth Tone Generator,'' EDN I EEE, June 15, 1971, p. 58. 15. Schwind, John, "Staircase-wave Generator Uses Integrated Circuits," Electronic Design No. 8, April 12, 1969, p. 100.

For Current Source Data,
Call Dial -A -Source To ll Free 800-64 5·9200
(New York S tate, Ca l l Co llec t )
5 l 6·294-0990

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Call (414) 354-1500 for the name of arePfesentative Of distributor near you. In Canada: A.C. Simmonds & SGn~ LTD, Willowdale, Ontario.

INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NUMBER 41

ELECTRON IC D ESIGN 2, January 18 , 197 5

Thermostat Prototrpes

Submit your requirements for prototypes of Elmwood's dependable snap-acting thermostats. Wide or narrow differentials minimize cost. UL, CSA and European listings available on some models for world trade applications . All are factory preset, tamperproof, and 100% temperature and mechanically tested, for -65° to +550°F exposur.e, for high limit or control functions. Phone, TWX or write Elmwood Sensors, Inc., 1675 Elmwood Avenue, Cranston, R. I. 02907, U.S.A. Phone (401) 781-6500. TWX 710-381-6413 .
INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NUMBER 50
Telephone (312) 498-2300 3455 Woodhead Drive, Northbrook, Illinois 60062
INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NUMBER 51
66

ELECTRO

YES ... WE'VE BEEN BUSY!
This honey of a new product is but one of many - look for more in the New Product Sections of your favorite publications.

INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NUMBER 52

WHO
MAKES WHAT
& WHERETO
FIND IT
Volume 1 of Electronic Design's GOLD BOOK tells all. And, when you look up an item in its PRODUCT DIRECTORY you'll find each manufacturer listed COMPLETE WITH STREET ADDRESS, CITY, STATE, ZIP AND PHONE. Save time. There's no need to refer elsewhere to find missing information.
IT'S ALL THERE
in
Electronic oesian
GOLD BOOK

ELECTRONIC DESIGN 2, January 18, 197 5

FOR PEOPLE WHO WANT TO
READ ALL ABOUT IT!

We have nothing less than a fully illustrated, systematic, easy-to-use survey of the entire field of data management as it exists today. It covers it all, from A to Z, so it's for everybody. The programmer tightening up his files. The analyst working out a workable timesharing program. Top management needing industry-wide perspective on competitive system designs.
It's a rare publication that takes a unique " blueprint approach " to current know-how. Beginning with the single data item as the first building block in total system design. And progressing through specific techniques for data structures, streams, files ... total hardware and operating system control ... the latest advances in timesharing and multiprogramming ... system modeling and simulation . .. complete

designs for various types of commercial accounting and document-oriented storage and retrieval systems. It all adds up to a vast and impressive " top to bottom" view.
And it does it all in fresh, jargon-free language, with scores of illustrations and diagrams for a rapid, visual grasp.
Whether you use it as an on-the-job manual, a·s a desk-top reference, or as a conference room companion with all the answers, it's an indispensable tool guaranteed to broaden your perspective and practical skill in a field that knows no limits to g.rowth and progress. And generally give you the professional confidence that comes from knowing just about everything that's going on.
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[JJ Hayden Book Company, Inc., 50 Essex Street, Rochelle Park, N. J. 07662
INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NUMBER 44

CHALLENGES TO THE ENGINEER WHO MANAGES

Job ratings hinge on mutual commitment
between engineers and their managers in this method of evaluation.
It's designed to align personal goals with those of the company.

Someone once said that although we all live under the same sky, we don't all share the same horizon. Perhaps that's one reason why our company uses an evaluation program called "Key Responsibilities and Work Objectives." It's a method by which our engineers make a mutual commitment with their managers to align their goals and objectives with those of the company.
Any work-measurement approach has subjectivity problems, but these are far outweighed by the benefits of our program, which does the following:
· Forces the engineer and his manager to plan his work at least a year ahead.
· Helps recruit top eng.ineering talent. · Helps develop supervisors and managers. · Enables management to administer compensation more fairly. We all like to know what's expected of us. A more congenial environment is created if the engineer knows what his task is, how he fits into the over-all picture and how he's going to be evaluated.
Applying weights and measures
As we <level.op the evaluation program for each engineer, we assign percentage weights to each of his responsibilities and work objectives, so he fully realizes the importance of each and knows which one to spend most of his time on.
The weighting can vary greatly. For example, some engineers are outstanding technically; they can finish a design in three months. Often, however, they want to improve on the design for another three months. So we would give a tech-
nically superior man a 10 % weight factor in technical development and a 40 % weight factor
in meeting schedules. If the man is an experienced manager, the
weights of his responsibilities may break down
something like this: 25 % in assisting marketing
and booking new business in his technical area;
5 % in profitability of that business (because, let's
Leslie W. Chapin, Vice President, Beckman Instruments, and Manager, Helipot Div., Fullerton, CA 92634.
68

say, he's already profit-oriented); 25 % in recruiting and training technical people for produc-
tion work in his technical area; 15 % in ·supporting other engineering people, and 30 % in meeting
deadlines. The weight factors are based on the importance
of the responsibility, not on the man's need to improve. If there are areas where the man has to improve, we identify them separately. The manager who's evaluating that engineer or supervisor places high importance on whether his subordinate accomplishes those tasks with the highest percentage of responsibility. It's extremely important that they agree at the first of the year on what is important, so the man being rated won't be shocked at salary and promotion time.
We've adopted job descriptions for certain tasks, and they don't change as long as the job doesn't change. For example, the chief draftsman has to supervise the draftsmen, increase efficiency and work toward fewer design changes. Key responsibilities and work objectives are in addition to this job description.
After the key responsibilities and work objectives are agreed on between the engineer and his manager, a year later the engineer writes his own accomplishment report against that agreement. The manager also writes an accomplishment report and weighs the engineer's accomplishments against each work objective on a scale of one to eight-from unacceptable to outstanding performance. At top management we multiply that scale factor of accomplishment against its weight factor and total all the weights. That total gives us a figure that we can convert to a per-cent increase in salary.
Our engineers are aware of this process. We discuss it openly with them and show it to them. If they disagree with our ratings or with our performance appraisal when we compare accomplishment reports, we like to know why. Usually the engineer is harder on himself in his report than we are.
Realistic goals encouraged
One nice thing about our evaluation program is that we can tailor the work objectives of the
ELECTRONIC DESIGN 2, January 18, 197 5

engineer for the next 12 months. If he's a junior engineer and would like more practical experience, we can put more weight on lab programs, environmental testing programs and suitable course work. As he progresses in the organization, we can broaden his objectives to include scheduling and bu:dgeting a .project; conducting design reviews with the manufacturing people; interfacing with customers in the field, and training with some of the technical specialists in the marketing organizations.
Another benefit of the program is that it forces the engineer to think of his own long-range goals. We ask each man where he'd like to work-as a technical man or in general management some day. Those are hard questions to grapple with, and we try to help the engineer decide. Sometimes we take two weeks to develop a man's main

goals. When that's ·done, we try to put him in an area that will be a stepping stone to. that objective.
If he's unrealistic and sets a target that we feel he won't reach, we try to .straighten him out. For example, a talented, clear-thinking man who wants to be a general manager may have personality problems and may be unsuitable for managing people. But he may be a super manager of information systems, where he can develop disorganized inputs into flow charts for a computer.
A good recruiting tool
The system also has been a good recruiting tool. We often shoot for the bright engineer who is five or six years out of school, who's decided what part of engineering he's interested in and

Leslie W. Chapin and
Beckman Instruments, Inc.
In a little over a score of years, Leslie Chapin worked his way up to his present position- vice president of Beckman Instruments and manager of the Helipot Division. He had served as assistant division manager since 1972. Earlier he held a series of engineering and technical management positions in the company.
The division Chapin is responsible for develops and manufactures a variety of electroproducts, including precision and trimming potentiometers, microcircuits and digital electronic displays. Established in 1934 by its chairman, Dr. Arnold 0. Beckman, the company also makes components and related products for medical, industrial, environmental and scientific applications. It employs over 7400 peopl~ in the U.S. and abroad.
Chapin is a member of IEEE and the Instrument Society of America. He's a former regional director of the International Society of Hybrid Microcircuits.
He majored in Electrical Engineering at Iowa State College and served as an electronics instructor in the U.S. Navy and at Fullerton College. Chapin is a graduate of the U. C.L.A. Executive Program.
He resides in Fullerton with his wife and two daughters.

ELECTRONIC DESIGN 2, January 18, 1975

who's usually working for his second company.

a certain engineer as outstanding and he had no

This engineer is happily surprised when we objective basis for his judgment--it was merely

tell him that we have a formal rating system that his opinion. Often when that manager moved to

tells him what we want him to do in the next another job, his replacement would identify the

year. Invariably the man says something like same "outstanding" engineer as a dumb-dumb.

this: "That's the first time any one ever told me Our evaluation system has helped to minimize

12 months in -advance how I was going to be subjective appraisals, because we now agree on

measured. I feel so much better coming into your how to measure each man.

organization, because the last three years I was ·

never sure how I was doing. My employers paid me well, but I never knew why."

Every program has its problems

We also develop managers and supervisors

There are three major problems with the pro-

with this program. A supervisor can have one gram that we must guard against:

technician reporting to him or, if he's a project

1. It takes extra managerial effort to operate

engineer, three other engineers, a draftsman and properly.

a technician. The first time I get a set of "key

2. There is a tendency toward similarity in

responsibilities and work objectives" from a evaluation reports in larger groups because of a

fledgling supervisor, they're all the same~short

common review date.

in length. They're also similar. I refuse to accept

3. The weights can cause disagreement if both

these reports. I tell this new supervisor that parties to the agreement are not totally frank.

since no two men are the same, their goals and

Every man must be revi,ewed once a year.

objectives cannot be the same. I ask him to tell Busy managers may not evaluate their subordi-

me the strengths and weaknesses of those he is

nates' work as often as they should during the

supervising and what are the most important year. A frequent complaint of the engineers is:

things he wants each to do.

"If you'd just told me that I wasn't working to-

Sometimes the supervi,sor will write a very ward my work objective at the three or six-month

brief evaluation on each of his men, saying noth- point, maybe I could have done something to im-

ing that is positive or negative. He'll say his men prove. Now it's too late. I'll get half the raise I

need more experience. I won't accept that report should have because you didn't monitor me."

primarily because it doesn't offer constructive

We've found that managers should tell their

evaluation of a man's performance.

people at least once each quarter how they think

I insist that there's something that each man they're progressing.

can improve on in each appraisal. The supervisor

The day on which we write all of the responsi-

will say, "I don't know anything that won't make bilities and objectives for our total engineering

him mad." I tell the supervisor that if he's hold- staff is Nov. 1, and the problem here is that all of

ing a man back for any reason, he owes it to him the reviews may start to sound alike. What some-

to tell him what it is. That's what we're paid for times happens is that the manager will make a

as managers, and whether we're right or wrong, few changes in last y;ear's review, and it reads

if we're influencing the man's compensation and like the one he turned in the pl'evious year. We

development, we owe it to him to tell him how we hav·e to take pains to ensure that each review is a

feel. If the supervisor disagrees, then he should fresh one.

tell me why I'm wrong. If he agrees, we'll work

Finally, the manager and his subordinate some-

together to improve the evaluation. Our rating system is a fair way to administer

times have tronble agreeing on the weights at the end of the year. I may want one of my man-

raises and promotions. When the engineer writes agers, or he may want one of his engineers, to

his own appraisal, he know:s if he did a good job accomplish certain work objectives that secretly

or a bad one. He knows that his boss' appraisal the subordinate doesn't think he can accomplish

of him is based on measures they have mutually . in a year. The only cure for that is to encourage

agreed on, rather than some measure the boss full frankness on the day of commitment.

picked arbitrarily. Because of this, the engineer

I like the program. We can accommodate

can accept a lower raise than he'd like if he sees change as long as it isn't totally undisciplined

he didn't quite measure up. He's also more re- and without direction. Our program gives us di-

ceptive to learning how to improve.

rection and organization. A technology-based

If the economy forces reductions in staff, our company has to capitalize on its innovations,

rating system allows a manager to do a more ob- which are developed by peopl~the best people

jective job of cutting back. He can more easily it can find. If we don't have a good program to

sort the performers from the laggards. Before we had this program, a manager would identify

make those creative people comfortable, we're
not going to keep them. ·1·

ELECTRONIC DESIGN 2, January 18, 1975

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INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NUMBER 45

EL ECTRONI C D ESI GN 2, J a nua ry 18, 1975

(ideas for design)

Precision voltage reference easily converts to a current limiter

A single resistor added to an IC voltage-reference source can form a simple, two-terminal current limiter. It can be set to a precise current limit. The temperature performance of the circuit, when an AD580 is used, is comparable with that of the best FET current-limiter diodes (about ±0.1 % ) and is improved when the voltage output is loaded with a stable resistor.
The AD580 low-voltage reference has an operating input voltage range of 4.5 to 40 V, which becomes the compliance range of the current limiter. The standby current of the reference circuit-about 1 mA-is the minimum limiting current. This can be raised by applying a load to the reference output.
In Fig. 1 the positive and negative vo,ltage input leads of the IC become the two terminals of the current limiter. The dynamic impedance of
the circuit is over 1 Mn. When a load resistor
is connected across the 2.5-V output of the reference, the current flow between the input leads increases.
The IC stabilizes the voltage across the load by drawing current from the input. For example, a 1-k!l resistor connected across the 2.5-V reference output draws 2.5 mA. This current comes from the input leads and adds to the standby current. The total resulting limit current is then 3.5 mA.
A variable load resistor can adjust this current. This is an important advantage over FET limiter diodes, which cannot be adjusted.
The standby current of the IC has a temperat ure ch acteristic of about + 1.3 µ,A /° C, or 0.13 %/ 0 of 1 mA. With a 200...fl load, the total current is over 13 mA and the temperature coefficient r educes to 0.01 %/° C. When both high current and high voltage are applied, temperature rise may reduce the current limiter's dynamic impedance slightly.
A. Paul Brokaw, Director of Advanced P1"od!uct Development, Analog Devices, Semiconductor Div., Route 1 Industrial Park, P.O. Box 280, Norwood, MA 02062.
CIRCLE No. 311
72

2.5 VOLTS R
LOAD

i'1112.5V +lmA R

BOTTOM VIEW T0-52 CASE
1. The current in the two-terminal current limiter is adjusted by the resistor across the 2.5-V output of the voltage reference. This resistor also reduces the circuit's relative temperature coefficient.

2. Curve-tracer photograph shows the circuit's current-limiting action for currents of l, 2, 3, 4 and 5 mA. Note that this unit operates properly well beyond the AD580's rated 40-V maximum.
ELECTRONIC DESTGN 2, January 18, 1975

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INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NUMBER 46

ELECTRON IC D ES IGN 2, January 18, 1975

High-speed switch handles ±400-V peak and is controlled by logic levels

The high-voltage switching circuit shown can switch up to 400 V of either polarity at a rate in excess of 100 kHz. The photographs show output-voltage waveforms obtained across a 10kn load for switching rates of 1 kHz and 100 kHz. The signal source was a 60-Hz, 340-V-peak sine wave.
If the ground side of a high-voltage load is inaccessible, or if switching at this point is undesirable, then the switch must be floated on the high side of the load, as shown.
Optical couplers and pulse transformers provide the needed isolation. Diodes CRa and CR4 prevent breakdown of the 2N3439 switching transistors' base-emitter junctions when the switch is off. Diodes CR, and CR2 prevent reverse conduction through the transistors' for-

ward-biased collector-base junctions. The 2N2219 transistor with its 50~kHz input provides bias for the switching transistors via the transformers, rectifiers CRs and CR6 and filter capacitors C, and C2.
The circuit was originally developed to disconnect a sensitive measuring device from high voltage ac in the ev..ent that the instantaneous value of the ac exceeded a preset limit. Shunt protection could not be used. This high-voltage, high-switch-rate, isolated switch should find many other applications. One could be in highvoltage power-supply regulators.
Stephen D. Anderson, 5761 33rd Ave. S., Minneapolis, MN 55417.
CIRCLE No. 312

CRI IN4004

2N3439

LOAD IOk

CONTROL SIGNAL I TO 100 kHz ON -0 V OFF-15 V

C2
1µ.F
CR6 IN4004

/
OPTOCOUPLERS

------

5 UTC H-65 I
3

5
UTC H-65 I

6 2 4

MOCIOOO

-- ---- -- _J

0 .00471-'F

15 v
47

VERT - 200 VI DIV HOR-5 ms /DIV

---,,

;#Ii,

;·

II '

j_j _,_ _.I ' -

I '\

~ \ l

· ..· l . . l l , , '.

"\ - r :_\ c....... ~'-'--\----~~ .. ---J.-~.........~--,.,,p-,...-I-..-.-.. -.,~ ..-\---~,.,.,,.,.

- --- -·

\,,I
\.,.

-- \ I
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- .......

\ I
-\'_·. ,

60 Hz CHOPPED ATt kHz, LOAD= 10 kJ1,

50kHz

IN4004

Isolation in this high-voltage switch is provided by optical couplers and pulse transformers .

ELECTRONIC. DESIGN 2, January 18, 1975

Get all four basic types
of fixed resistors from Panasonic.

1. Hot molded carbon composition fixed resistors from Panasonic have an extremely high degree of resistance value stability. They are all uniform
so you can design with dependability. Solidly built with superb appearance, Panasonic hot molded carbon composition resists cracking, gives you reliable performance. They are extremely small and light to give you design flexibility. Especially in digital circuitry where good pulse characteristics

4. Flame-proof metal oxide film resistors are made with superior metal oxide film. This film is formed on heat proof, non-alkaline ceramic materials to provide flame-proof insulation. These Panasonic resistors deliver high frequency performance with little current noise. Very stable, they have a maximum operating temperature of 70°C.
All are readily available. All at a reasonable price. All made with the kind of quality that

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2. Carbon film resistors have proven stability. The carbon film is formed on the surface of high-grade ceramic cores. These resistors are all grooved and painted according to value. They have long product life and low noise level. Their superior coating

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INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NUMBER 47

Operate a 555 timer on a ±15-V supply and deliver op-amp compatible signals

The versatility of a 555 timer can be increased if its operating voltage range is widened to that of most op amps-± 15 V. Only a few extra components are needed to let the timer provide bipolar output swings of up to ± 11 V when operated from ± 15-V supplies.
To get this output capability and dual-supply operation, generate a floating, differential voltage across the supply terminals of the 555. Resistors Ri, R2, R:., R, and transistors Q1 and Q2 form a voltage-shifting network that develops the necessary voltages (Fig. 1).
With the timing-circuit components shown, the timer produces a bipolar output waveform (Fig. 2a). The waveforms at power-supply terminals B and C are not bipolar but do maintain a

constant voltage difference between the two terminals. Voltage across the timer thus never exceeds 12 V, but the output can swing from - 11 to +11 V.
Capacitor C1 is included to suppress high frequency oscillations that can occur when the timer output switches from a low to high voltage o·r vice versa. The manufacturers' suggested timing network (R5, R6, C2) offers astable operation, as shown by the voltage waveform generated at point D of the circuit (Fig. 2d). Note that unsymmetrical timer outputs can be generated if you modify the R,, R2, Ra, R4 network.
Surjan Dogra, Electrical Engineer, Burroughs, Mount Bethel Rd., Warren, NJ 07060.
CIRCLE No. 313

TIMING

VOLTAGE SHIFTING

NETWORK

, - -.-----+-, -----'I,___ _@_ ____r,____

---
2N910

+ISV
-,
I

RI I
20kl

IOOk RS

IOOk R6
@

___

I __J

NE/SE

555

6 5

001

-: :!:. 15 V COMMON

R2 i
20~
I@
R3 IOUTPUT 20kl
I
-ISV

1. The 555 timer can be given expanded output capability by an increase in the operating voltage span.

0 _1~t--jL-----i-~C:

r-----1 +I I

@~73
-7.3V

2. The output signal from the 555 can swing from
- 11 to + 11 V (a) when the timer is powered from
dual 15-V supplies. Voltages at the power supply
pins of the timer show that a maximum difference of 12 V exists between pins (b and c). The timing
circuit waveform (d) varies between ± 7.3 V.

IFD Winner of September 13, 1974
Marvin J. Moss, PhD., M.J. Moss and Associates, Box 28601, Atlanta, GA 30328. His idea "Voltage Monitor Uses LED Indicators to Show Out-of-Tolerance Voltage" has been voted the Most Valuable of Issue Award.
Vote for the Best Idea in this issue by circling the number for your selection on the Information Retrieval Card at the back of this issue.

SEND US YOUR IDEAS FOR DESIGN. You may win a grand tota'I of $1050 (cash)! Here' s how. Submit your IFD describing a new or important circuit or design technique, the clever use of a new component or test equipment, packaging tips, cost-saving ideas to our Ideas for Design editor. Ideas can only be considered for publication if they are submitted exclusively to ELECTRONIC DESIGN . You will receive $20 for each published idea, $30 more if it is voted best of issue by our readers. The best -of -issue winners become eligible for the Idea of the Year award of $1000. ·

ELECTRONIC DESIGN cannot assume responsibility tor circuits shown nor represent freedom from patent infringement.

ELECTRONIC DESIGN 2, January 18, 197 5

IF WE CAN'T MAKE YOUR MINICOMPUTER SYSTEM DO MORE WORK FOR LESS MONEY,
NOBODY CAN.

When we introduced the SPC-16, we promised it would be the world's most powerful, versatile, cost-effective family of minicomputers.
It was. It still is.
The SPC-16 isn't the lowest priced hardware you can buy. But it will give you the lowest cost solution.
Through advanced systems architecture, simplified interfacing and a powerful instruction repertoire, the SPC-16 allows you to minimize programming, interfacing and memory costs no matter what size your system is.
Six mighty minis.
The SPC-16 family consists of six minicomputers offering a choice of three memory cycle times (800ns, 960ns and 1440ns), memory expansion to 128K using efficient 16K boards, and two different packaging configurations.
If you build a system around the SPC-16, it will do more work for less money than any other system you could build.
And that translates into more profits.
We know it for a fact. In the past few years, we helped a lot of OEMs get the edge on their competition by designing our product into their products. We helped a lot of end users solve a lot of tough , tight-budget applications. And, we produced some cost-effective systems of our own.
Two hard working systems.
Take RTOS II for example. It's a multiprogramming system offering real-time event driven foreground processing concurrent with background job development and comoutation .-

You couldn't buy a better price/ performance solution for applications such as process control, data acquisition, laboratory research, material handling, communications or overall manufacturing automation.
We also built a powerful disk-based general purpo_se system around the SPC-16. DBOS II lets you do more computation with less memory, in far less time, at a lower price than any system on the market. It offers both scientific and commercial languages and a combination of
interactive and batch operation. This system is perfect for service
centers, research and development groups and system house dedicated applications.
That's the short form.
To really appreciate how much power we can deliver for your money, write for our book "The Value of Power:' It will give you the facts to back up our claim: If General Automation can't make your system do more work for less money, nobody can.
Write General Automation, 1055 South East Street, Anaheim, California 92803. Or call (714) 778-4800. In Europe, write General Automation, S.A., 24 rue du Sergent Bauchat, 75012 Paris, France. Telephone (1) 34617973. In Canada, write G .A. Computer Ltd., 880 Lady Ellen Place, Ottawa K1Z5L9, Ontario. Telephone (613) 725-3626.
POWERFUL MINICOMPUTERS BY
GENERAL AUTOMATION

INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NUMBER 48

E LECTRONI C D ESIGN 2, Janua ry 18, 197 5

internationaI technology

Higher efficiency for avalanche diodes

Unusually high efficiency of gallium-arsenide avalanche diodes has been observed in experiments at the University College in London, England. The efficiency, above that predicted by the Read sharp-pulse approximation, is due to wide variations in the depletion-region width during r-f cycles, particularly at large signal levels, according to University College researchers.
The variation in depletion-region width is termed "depletion-width modulation." X-band diodes with

this effect have been found to give output powers of 8 W at efficiencies of about 40 % .
In silicon diodes power losses due to undepleted material swamp the advantages of width modulation of the depletion region. Also the voltage under oscillating conditions is very near the punchthrough level, in silicon units whereas gallium-arsenide devices operate at well below punch-through voltages. As a result, losses in the arsenide devices are reduced.

Bipolar transistor arithmetic array
A low-cost and simple alternative to the usual method of using multiplier and summer circuits for solving mathematical expressions has been developed at the University of Sheffield in England. Designers there have produced a bipolar transistor circuit that can perform the following operation:

Solution to this expression is often required in instrumentation, where Xr represents a current or voltage proportional to a variable.
The Sheffield design, which can be fabricated on a single monolithic chip, requires transistors with the Beta parameters matched to within ±5%. The number of transistors needed to perform the mathematical operation is given by
2(m + L) + (m - 1).

For the Sheffield circuit in
= which m 3, 10 transistors were
needed. The circuit shown in the figure
can handle arithmetic of the general form:
7 }1/2 = m
I 0 { O r) n
= In this circuit, if n 2 the num-
ber of transistors is 10. Typical problems for which these circuits would be used include: (1) determining the total harmonic distortion from component harmonic amplitudes; and (2) finding the magnitude of a vector from its separate coordinates in two or three dimensions-vector addition.
Sensor and processor on one chip
A flow-measuring sensor small enough to be incorporated with an integrated signal-processing circuit on the same chip has been designed in the Electrical Materials Laboratory at the University of · Delft, in the Netherlands. The sensor is a Wheatstone bridge comprising four resistors diffused on a 50-µm-thick, n-type, silicon chip. The res-istors lie close to the edges of" the chip which is 1.5 mm2 · The bridge circuitry is in the center of the chip.
BRIDGE AMPLIFIER

, . . . - - - - - - - - m TRANSISTORS--------~
Io

.----------..-'"------------~ Ic2

1cm

µ C

n TRANSISTORS

\ ( OIODE-CONNECTED)

LEq

When the sensor is placed in moving air with the chip parallel to the flow, the two bridge resistors lying across the flow are cooled more than those parallel with it. The bridge senses the resistance change of the diffused resistors. Bridge-unbalance current is amplified to indicate airflow velocity. The bridge circuit is designed to compensate for ambient-temperature changes.

ELECTRONIC DESIGN 2, January 18, 1975

When RfI problems get sticky, trysfir:I
Attaches faster, shields better than anything else!

SERIES 97-500 The original Sticky Fingers with superior shielding effectiveness.

SERIES 97-510 Provides even better magnetic shielding with M·agnefil® insert strips.

SERIES 97-555 New Single-Twist Series for use when space is at a premium. Measures a scant %" wide.

SERIES 97-560 New lh" wide DoubleTwist Series, ideal for panel divider bar cabinets.

Now you can specify the exact type beryllium copper gasket that solves just about every RFl/EMI problem. Perfect for quick, simple installation; ideal for retro-fitting. Self-adhesive eliminates need for special tools or fasteners. Write for free samples and catalog .
· INSTRUMENT SPECIALTIES COMPANY, Dept. ED-65
Little Falls, N.J. 07424
Phone-201-256-3500 · TWX-710-988-5732

INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NUMBER 49

E LECTRONIC D ESIGN 2, J a nuary 18. 1975

··THE SOURCE'' SINCE THE FIRST ONE ···
/)

FOR FAST, FACTORY DIRECT INFORMATION
ABOUT THESE PRODUCTS, PLEASE COMPLETE
AND SEND THE BUSINESS REPLY CARD ··:=·. .
OPPOSITE THIS AO TO THE DIGITRAN COMPANY.'

FROM LOW COST COMMERCIAL TYPES TO OPL APPROVED UNITS, DIGITRAN
-- MAKES THE MOST COMPLETE LINE OF DIGITAL SWITCHES IN THE WORLD. --!-,-,·j.':."--'3-:=..--t0-i=ll·=\,.0_-:,=·..0-:"-.=-

SERIES 29000
ECONOMY MINISWITCH ·
The high quality econor y switch... it's dust and moisture proof.
· 10 or 12 Dial Positions ·A unique strap assembles modules and end brackets into a complete unit ... without tools

SERIES 23000
SNAP-IN SLIMSWITCH
The leading economy Digital Switch
· 10 Dial Positions ·Costs less to assemble... no tools needed ·Costs less to il")stall. .. snaps into panel ·Uses less space too... only .315" (8mm) wide

SERIES 9000 and 19000 DIGISWITCHES"'
The sealed versions of the Series 300
·8, 10, 12, 16, or 24 Dial Positions ·Qualified to MIL -S-22710 / 12 ·Series 9000 is environment proof, Series 19000 is dust proof.

SERIES 8000
MINISWITCH
The miniaturized version of the Series 300
·8, 10, 12, or 16 Dial Positions ·For general purpose use where panel space is lim ited and where quality and reliability are needed in a small switch

SERIES 200 and 700 MINISWITCHES '
Miniaturized switches for hostile environments
·8, 10, or 12, Dial Positions ·Qualified to MIL -S-22710 / 15 and / 20 · 200's have potted leads and 700 's have potted PCB terminations .

SERIES 24000
DIGILEVER
Bi -Directional lever actu ated switches faster than pushbuttons
· 10 Dial Positions ·Qualified to meet Ml L-S-22710/ 24 ·Available sealed and lighted ·E xcellent tactile feel ·

SERIES 28000
MINILEVER "'
A MINISWITCH operated by a lever
·8, 10, or 12, Dial Positions ·Lever moves only 90° to rotate dial 360° ·Best for positive, quick set/reset uses

'SERIES 12000
MINIBUTTON
A, pushbutton switch for hostile environments
· 8 or 10 Dial Positions · Designed to meet MIL-S-22710/ 17 · Positive detent action ·Available sealed and lighted

SERIES 300 and 13000 DIGISWITCHES "'
The original DIGISWITCH ...first of its kind
· 8, 10, 12, 16 or 24 Dial Positions ·Qualified to MIL -S-22710/ 11 and / 14 ·Both the same except for mounting configuration ·More standard options than any other switches of their type

"THE SOURC~ SINCE THE FIRST ONE" ··.So if tt'I economy with reliability, "'8edth of fine, quality encl eveillbility yqu're looking for; DIGITRAN 11 the "SOURCE".

There is a Digitren authorized distributor and a sales engineering
pup in your area. Just dial EEM (800) 645-9200 (toll free)
to find out who they are.
See pages 2·800 thru 2·803 in the 1974-76 EEM Directory for more Digitren products.

( DOYOUWANT MORE INFORMATION?

,· l ,

UNLESS

OTHERWISE

SP;~~~EDDV~~~IWSEILDLPRREOCDEUICVTE

MORE ONLY .

INFORMATION ABOUT

d 0 a salesman to

MORE INFORMATION? Yes, senC~~alog 0 Digivider/

DO see

YOU0WDA"N"Ttal me igi

SW.l0lC

h Catalog 0 Codes Wall

Shhotrt C ar

0ForSmeri.es .

12000 Minibu.ttonI Bi · Direct1ona

lnformi~~o~Series Sw1t~~t'~w~imtacthieosn Digidecade Catalog. 23000 Slimswitch 0 Series 2S40a0p0·ln Thumbwheel

information 0 Series 0 Series 25000 Economy

0 Series

SD2w9ig0iit0lce0hveIrnEfcoornmoamly Sw1.tch In2f8o0r0m0atLioevner D

0 Other:

"ble for· o Desi.gn 0 Specification

7. Are you respons1

d. ·sion department?

8. What .isIare thte 0endCopmropduutcetr(ss/)peorfi.pyhoeurralsco.~~;~0~~A~1viiocnaitcis~ns (Non·digital)

0 lnstrumen s

0 Medical electronics . .

00 TInrdaunsstprioarltactoionntr/oAlsutomoti.ve 0 Digital communication

Other : Hinavteheyopuaspt?u. rc0hasYedes

or0spNeocifiIefdysews,1.twc~~~s?.of

the type made by Digitran 0 Digitran 0 Other

Is the purchase of this type product ant1.c.1pated?. OYes ONo
2. If yes, what is the applicat1.0n?. - - - - - - - - - - -

3
4 ·

Is your requi.re men t· 0 Esti.mated annual usage

curorenUt n0der1-1300montohs 1D003·5·600monDths5000l-o1n0g0e0r

. 0 1000 or more

Tng list? D Yes 0 No

5 Are you currently on our permanenttmma1ailIing list? 0 Yes 0 No

b on our permanen

6. Doyouwantto e ED1/75SOURCED5-1-A

Name~----------- Title _ _ _ __

Company

Address

City--------~~~----S-ta-te------:-- Z-ip----:::=

TPhhanoksnfoer y(o_ur_in_terest

The Digitran Company

... uree-state control logic on the

chip provides up to 10 bits of data

directly onto an eight-line micro-

processor bus. This control also can

be used to multiplex one converter

with other AD7570s or I/ O periph-

eral devices. Successive-approxima-

Analog Devices, Route 1 lndust?·ial

tion techniques achieve through-

Park, Norwood, MA 02062. (617) 329-4700. P&A: See text.

AD7570 consist of these th!'ee: the

opuuttpurta.tes of 50 kHz for the 10-bit

Though not the first anaJog-todigitaJ (a/ d) converter to have 10bit resolution, CMOS low-power dissipation or fast data-aoquisition capability, Analog Devices' AD7570
is the first to offer these features on a single chip.

single-chip MC904 from Integrated Photomatrix (1101 Bristol Rd., Mountainside, NJ 07092) ; th e MC1505 analog subsystem from Motorola Semico·nductor (5005 E. McDowell Rd., Phoenix, AZ 85036); and the two-chi·p LDllO/

Through control and status Jines, the converter supervises interface operations. One strobe line controls the two most-significant bits, while a second controls the remaining eight lea.st-significant bits. A status, or ready, line keeps

And the thin-fiJm IC, which performs-- successive-approxi ma ti on

111 or LDlll/ 114 (just announced) from Siliconix (2201 LaureJ-

track of the conversion Process, and it responds to inputs from a

conversion, permits direct interfacing with commercially available aLnSI8-bmiticbroypter.ocessors that require

wood Rd., Santa Clara, CA 95054 ) . These models are primarily BCD
converters, though the Motorola analog unit specifies up to 13

ready-enable line.
In addition to 10 parallel output lines, the AD7570 has a serial output line. Serial data are syn-

Previously, only hybrid-IC or discrete-component converters have
offered this combination of features. Competing IC versions employ an integrating-type of a/ d

bits of binary data. Monolithic converters offer the advantage of reduced Package count in DVM ap-
plications that call for tyPicaJ display resolutions of 3-1/ 2 digits.

chronized to the 10 Positive edges
of the clock signal. Both serial and
Parallel outputs-all are three-state
lines___:_can be bussed with similar lines on other AD7570s.

conversion to provide digital display of relatively slow-changing analog values.
Other monolithic a/ d converters that have preceded Analog Devices'
ELECTRONIC DESIGN 2, January 18, 1975

The new Analog Devices converter requires a comparator-such as
the standard LM311-a reference voltage and a 15-V Power supply. A 5-V supply is also needed if the CMOS-compatible circuit must be made TTL-compatible on its digital

A multiplying digital-to-analog converter in the chip's feedback loop permits ratiometric operation. The reference voltages may be
switched for different full-scale ranges without the need for ex-
ternal amplifiers that would boost low-level analog inputs.

(continued on page 82)

alittle A-300
goes a long way.
.... A 100 RF P0W£A l\MPLIFI~" ·

INTEGRATED CIRCUITS
( continued from page 81)

The chip's low differential nonlinearity allows the manufacturer to guarantee no missing codes. Over the O-to-75-C temperature range, all 1024 digital outputs will appear when the analog input is varied from minimum to maximum values. The AD7570 has a gain temperature coefficient of less than 10 ppm of full scale/°C.
The AD7570 (suffix L ) comes in a 28-pin ceramic DIP and costs $69 in quantities of 1 to 49. For $52 an 8-bit version (suffix J ) is offered in the same-size ceramic package and the same quantities. Both models cover a commercialtemperature range, and they are expected to be available in production quantities by April. Sample quantities are available from stock.

Analog Devices

CIRCLE NO. 304

Integrated Photomatrix

CIRCLE NO . 305
Motorola Semiconductor

Siliconix

CIRCLE NO. 306 CIRCLE NO. 307

Bipolar RAM dissipates low power
Fairchild Int e grat ed Circuits Group, 464 Ellis St., M ountai n View, CA 94042. ( 415) 962-3541. $22 ( 100-999) .
The 93L415, a 1024-bit Isoplanar static RAM, typically dissipates 200 mW with a maximum of 250 mW at 75 C. The new RAM has a typical access time of 80 ns in addition to standard TTL-output characteristics. The new unit achieves the same power dissipation a~ existing MOS static RAMs while maintaining a fivetimes speed advantage.
CIRC LE NO. 309
Bus driver/receiver simplifies interfaces

INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NUMBER 54
82

Low-power S-TTL ICs provide replacements
Raytheon Semiconductor, 350 Ellis St., Mountain View, CA 94042. ( 415 ) 968-9211. $2.20 to $11.00
( 100-999).
Two families of low-power Schottky-TTL ICs are direct plugin replacements for the 54LS/ 74LS and 9LS TTL families . Devices in production now include eight gates, two multiplexers and four shift registers. Introductions in 1975 will begin with flip-flops, counters and inverters plus additional gate and multiplexer types. The company plans to have 62 low-power Schottky devices in production by the end of 1975. The LS series features typical .gate delays of 5 ns and typical power consumption per gate of 2 mW. Hence, the speed-power product is only 10 pJ. Initial availability is in the ceramic dual in-line package. Flat packages will be available by special order only. Most types will also be available in beam-lead chip form in 1975.
CIRCLE NO. 308

T eledyne Semi conductor, 1300 T erra B ella Ave., Mountain Vi ew, CA 94043. ( 415) 968-9241. $2.16 to $2.81 (1000 ) .
The 6605 TTL quad bus driver/ receiver allows subsystems to communicate over a common bus with increased speed and noise immunity. It also protects the system during subsystem power interruptions, and permits simplified bus and logic design. Drivers can sink 100 mA continuously and the receiver inputs are fully buffered. Absolute maximum currents are 150-mA bus current and 30-mA receiver output current. Receiver logic thresholds are 1.4 and 3.0 V, assuring noise margins 1.0 V greater than TTL margins (400 mV ) . Output nodal capacitance is a low 8 pF. Typical propagation delays range from 20 to 40 ns with
a load of 450 pF and 50 n.
CI RC LE NO. 31 0
ELECTRONIC DESIGN 2, January 18, 1975

Four CMOS ICs count and divide

GET

Siltek International Ltd., Airport Industrial Park, Bromont, Quebec JOE 1LO, Canada. (514 ) 534-2255 . $1.75 to $3 .00 ( 1000 ) ; stock.
CMO S multistage ripple-carry binary counters/ dividers are offered in four circuits that have inputpulse shaping circuitry, reset capability and buffered outputs. The counters/ dividers operate with a maximum clock frequency of 10
= = MHz at VDD 10 V and CL 50
pF. The SIL4024B consists of seven ripple-carry stages with buffered outputs. The SIL4040B consists of 12 ripple-carry stages wit h buffered outputs from each stage. The SIL4020B and SIL4060B have 14 ripple-carry stages with 12 and 10 buffered outputs, respectively. The SIL4060B has multiple-inverter and flip-flop circuitry for RC or crystal-osci llator configurations. Both MIL and commercial temperature-range versions are available.
CIRCLE NO. 320
IC drives stepper motors
N. V. Ph·ilips' Gloeilampenfabrieken, Elcoma Div ., P.O. Box 523, Eindho'Ven, the N etherlands.
The SAA1027 monolithic stepper-motor driver performs all the necessary functions between data.information pulses and motor windings. The IC replaces discrete circuitry, and it yields up to 500 mA of direct unipolar drive to each phase of a 12 V, four-phase, twostator stepper motor. Outputs are protected against transient spikes. The SAA1027 operates from supplies in the range of 9.5 to 18 V de. Current consumption is 4.5 mA, excluding load current.
CIRCLE NO. 321

BOARD...
with TANTALEX® Low-Cost Solid Tantalum Capacitors
Sprague Gives You a Choice ....... for Flexibility in Your Printed Board Designs.

DIPPED ...
SPRAGUE TYPE 1960
Small size economical capacitors that utilize high-quality tantalum pellet construction. Conformal epoxy resin coating is highly resistant to moisture and mechanical damage. This capacitor has found wide usage in consumer and commercial electronic equipment. Operating temperature range, - 55 C to + 85 C. Available in all popular 10% decade values from 0.1µF to 330µF. Voltage range, 4 to 50 VDC. Standard lead spacing, 0.125" and 0.250". For com plete data, write for Engineering Bulletin 3545B.

MOLDED ...
SPRAGUE TYPE 1980
Economically priced, molded-case EconolineTM capacitors. Standard lead spacing , 0.100", 0.200", and 0.250". Tough, flame-retardant, crack resistant case has flatted section and polarity indicator for easy-toread marking and error-free insertion. Fixed external dimensions allow increased productivity during assembly of PC boards. Designed for severe vibration and shock environment, where lead support alone is not adequate. Operating temperature range, -55 C to +85 C. Capacitance values from 0.1 to 1OOµF. Voltage range, 4 to 50 VDC. For complete data, write for Bulletin 3546.

INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NUMBER 298

INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NUMBER 299

Call your nearest Sprague district office or sales representative, or write tor the bulletins mentioned above to Sprague Electric Company, 347 Marshall Street, North Adams, Mass. 01247.

4 3 E· 4Hil l A2
SPR~Gue ·

THE BROAD-UNE PRODUCER OF ELECTRONIC PARTS

THE MARK OF RELIABILITY

ELECTRONIC D ESIGN 2, January 18, 1975

MODULES & SUBASSEMBLIES
Video converter delivers 8 bits at 17 MHz
ILG Data Device Corp., 105 Wilbur Pl., Bohemia, NY 11716. ( 156 ) 5675600. $'3500 ( 1 to 9 ) .
The Model VADC-8 / 17 video digitizer can accommodate fullscale changes from one 8-bit binary word to the next at rates up to 17 MHz. The unit is a complete analog-to-digital converter that contains its own integral sample-andhold. The s/ h circuit has an aperture jitter of less than 60 ps and aperture delay of 37 ns. The high impedance input (FET ) accepts ± 2.5-V signals (other ranges available) and the output delivers parallel positive true offset binary logic compatible with ECL/ TTL. A 50-fl line driver option is available. The high spurious harmonics signal-tonoise ratio ( better than 45 dB from 0 to 5 MHz ) results in minimum signal rlegradation due to the digitizing process. Offset temperature coefficient is ± 400 µ, V/° C and gain tempco is ± 100 ppm /° C over the operating temperature range of 0 to 70 C. Operation with moderately degraded specs is possible from - 55 to +85 C. Power requirements are + 15 V at 180 mA, ±1 % ; - 15 V at 150 mA, ±1 % ; +5 Vat 600 mA, ±3 % ; and - 5 V at 1.8 A, ±3 % . The converter is mounted on four repairable printed ci rcuit cards in a wraparound card
file and measures only 4.5 x 8.5 x
3 in.
CIRCLE NO. 322

Temperature controller handles 7-A loads
TEMPERATURE CONTROLLER
POWER LOAD 350
410
290
250
DIAL SET
)
Sys-T ee, 877 Third St., SW, N ew Brighton, MN 55112. ( 612 ) 6366373. $'52 ( qty ) .
Model TC-118 temperature controller provides on-off switching within 5% of the dialed temperature. It uses a zero-voltage crossover solid-state circuit capable of handling up to 7 A. Dial accuracy is ± 2% ; repeatability of switching point is ±1 % . The input circuit accepts a 676 fl NiFe resistance temperature detector, which may be field interchanged without recalibration.
CIRCLE NO . 323

Analog signal time delay
-handles 5 kHz inputs
Jasmin Electronics, Boston Hous e, Abbey Park Rd., L eicester, LE4 5AN, England. £ 420.
An analog memory module can provide delay on analog signals. The unit has a minimum capability of handling one channel, storing 256 4-bit words and passing data at 5 kHz. The board can be expanded in both word length or storage capability. The minimal size board is 8 x 4 in., requires + 5 V at 900 mA and can accept and deliver O-to-10-V analog signals. The unit has an on board power switch to allow removal and replacement without disturbing main equipment.
CIRCLE NO. 324
F/v converter delivers
1 mV to 10 V
T eledyne Philbrick, Allied Dr. at Rte. 128, Dedham, MA 02026. ( 617 ) 329-1600. $'39 .50 (unit qty. ) ; stock.
A 10-kHz frequency-to-voltage converter, the 4714, delivers a 1 mV to +10 V output voltage. The output is a direct linear function of the 1 Hz to 10 kHz input frequency. With four decades of dynamic range and linearity of 0.08 % of F.S., the 4714 is designed for use in FM demodulation equipment as well as wide range frequency monitors.
CIRCLE NO. 325

ANALOGY
GOT'fA G~'f UP EARL.Y IN l~E A.M. TO BE"AI THE '3010 1C, TONE ALARM EXCEED
rT9 DC REFERENCE B'i 5MV.
-AND rT IURNCS ON BO-r-H AC AND DC. DC OUTPUT DR IVE5 11L, LED OR LAMP
LOADS. AC OVTPUT DRIVEC:S A gpEAKER. LIGHT OR TONE. 5 TO 15V £UPPLl.f. LOW '6TANDB'(
CURR~NT

I='·· -

0O.L..r-u£l.Sl(r.f5.1\(.:i:\'.)JTLln-.l,

INCORl'ORAIED ("IOS) 244-0500

/Z20 COL.£MAIV, S4NTA CLARA Of 95060

INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NUMBER 56

ELECTRONIC DESIGN 2, January 18, 1975

200-A motor controller provides high power in a small package

RPM Industries, 6371 Arizona Circle, Los Angeles, CA 90045. (213) 670-4127. $269.10 (1 to 9); 2 wk.
One quarter the size and one third the price of a comparable SCR motor controller, the RPMC200 illustrates the advantages of using power Darlington transistors instead of SCRs. Made by RPM Industries, this 200-A motor controller is claimed to be the smallest, lightest and cheapest in its class.
The controller uses new 200-A, 120-V monolithic power Darlington transistors, made by RPM, as the power output devices. It is reportedly the most powerful monolithic Darlington on the market.
Since it uses switching tran-

sistors instead of SCRs, this de controller also avoids the problems of runaway that sometimes occur in SCR controllers. Runaway is when commutation circuitry fails and the SCRs don't turn off.
The controller uses a chopper circuit to control the speed of de wound field or permanent-magnet

traction motors. Current multiplication at low
motor speeds increases the torque and efficiency of the motor at start-up and during acceleration. You can control the output power from the RPM C-200 by varying a potentiometer.
The efficiency far surpasses SCR controllers. While SCR controllers are rarely better than 90 % efficient, the RPMC-200 has a 96 % or better efficiency over its entire output current range.
Voltage can be varied from 6 to 60 V, and the chop rate is 400 Hz.
The case dimensions for the aluminum, finned cas·ting are approximately 6 X 4 X 2 in., and the unit weighs 2 lb.
CIRCLE NO . 303

Let's face it. After 37 years, even a Phantom 111 can use a lift. That's why I put a Delta Mark Ten B Capacitive Discharge Ignition on my Phantom . .. to give her a spark I'd pit against any '75 model car. I went to Delta because they aren't Johnny-come-latelys. Delta's been making electronic .ignition systems for over a decade.
Whatever kind of car you drive, you can give it the same great Delta performance I gave mine.
· Mark Ten B Capacitive Discharge Ignition Systems are manufactured by Delta Products, Inc ., a company with a conscience, and with a proven record of reliability both in product and in customer relations.
· The Mark Ten B really does save money by eliminating the need for 2 out of 3 tune-ups. Figure it out for yourself. The first tune-up or two saved pays for the unit, the rest is money in your pocket. No bunk!
· Because the Mark Ten B keeps your car in better tune, you actually can save on expensive gasoline.
· With a Mark Ten B, spark plugs stay clean and last longer ... fouling is virtually eliminated.
r-------------------------------,
I want to know more about Mark Ten B CD I's. Send me complete no-nonsense information on how they can improve the performance of my caf.

Name·--------------~-----

A d d r e s s · - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - --

City·------

State._ _ _ _ Zip._ _ _ __

, 11 ~~l!~ 1~!~!~tC!o~~r!~d~~nction, Colo. 81501 . , 303-242-9000

~----------------------------~

Mark Ten B,

assembled

. $64.95 ppd

Mark Ten B, kit . $49.95 ppd

Standard Mark Ten ,

assembled

$49.95 ppd

Deltakitilil ....... $34.95 ood

3Amp
diffused silicon
rectifiers

· 3A DC forward current (10 ) · 100A & 200A Y2 cycle surge (lm,4) · Controlled Avalanche series; 250V, 450V,
650V, 850V min. (VBR)
· SOV to 1000V (Vm,4) series. · 200 nanosec recovery series (trr)
· Complete line; 32 types.
· Epoxy encapsulated, axial leads.
· Only .22¢ ea. (SOV, 100A surge)
1000 qnty.

. Write for free sample

Design us in ..· we'll stay there

VARO

VARO SEMICONDUCTOR, INC.

P.O. BOX 676, 1000 N. SHILOH , GARLAND, TEX. 75040 (214) 272-4551 TWX 910-860-5178

INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NUMBER 58

Write on your letterhead tor full line catalog.
BELL INDUSTRIES I J. W. Miller Division
19070 REYES AVENUE · P.O. BOX 5625 · COMPTON, CALIFORNIA 90224
INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NUMBER 59
86

MODULES & SUBASSEMBLIES
High resolu'tion DACs handle up to 16 bits
Function Modules, 711 W. Sevente enth St., Costa Mesa, CA 92626. ( 714 ) 645-6001. From $149; stock.
The 414/ 416/ 418 family of d/ a converters can be connected for either current or voltage outputs. The 414 is available in a 14-bit version with a linearity of 0.003 % and a tempco of ±3 ppm/° C. The 416 is available in a 16-bit or 4digit BCD version with linearities of 0.002 % and 0.005 % , and tempcos of ± 2 or ± 3 ppm /° C, respectively. The 418 is a 4-1 / 2 digit BCD converter with a linearity of 0.003 % and a tempco of ±3 ppm/° C. All converters require only ± 15 V at 25 mA.
CIRCLE NO. 326
A/d converter series has 10 and 12-bit units
Datel Systems, Inc., 1020 Turnpike St., Canton, MA 02021. ( 617) 828-8000. From $99 ( unit qty) ; stock to 4 wk.
The ADC-MA series of a / d converters uses successive approximation conversion techniques and gives 10 or 12-bit resolution. The units have conversion times of 20
or 40 µs. Four different models
are available and offer a choice of resolution and conversion time. All models have four voltage input ranges and an optional internal buffer amplifier, which provides a 1000 Mn input impedance. The single-ended input voltage ranges are 0 to + 5, 0 to + 10, ± 5, and ± 10 V and are pin selectable by the user. The digital output data for unipolar operation are straight binary in either serial or parallel format. For bipolar operation the output data are offset binary in serial format and offset binary or two's complement in parallel format. The temperature coefficients for units in the ADC-MA series is 30 ppm/° C for gain and 5 ppm /° C for offset. The converters are encapsulated in a 4 x 2 x 0.4 in. module with DIP compatible 0.1 pin spacing. Input power requirements are ± 15 V de at 40 mA and +5 V de at 200 mA. Operating temperature range is 0 to +70 C.
CIRCLE NO. 327
ELECTRONIC DESIGN 2, January 18, 1975

POWER SOURCES
Ac/de voltage source offers
programmability & precision

Optimation, 9 2 5 9 Independence
Ave., Chatsworth, CA 91311. (213)
882-6490. See text: 6 to 8 wk.
Engineers in calibration and standards labs have long sought a high-precision voltage calibrator that provides both ac and de in a single box. And for automated calibration sysitems and production-line test systems for precision instruments, programmability is desirable. Both of these features are incorporated in a pair of instruments from Optimation.
The AC-126 is the basic calibrator; for the programmable version, the model number changes to AC-130. The voltage accuracy for both units is ±0.002% of setting for all ranges on de. Accuracy on ac is not as tight, but it ranges from ± 0.01 % over 50 Hz to 20 kHz, to ±0.2% over 0.1 MHz to 1.1 MHz. No other frequency range is worse than ±0.05%.
Voltage ranges on both ac and bipolar de extend from 10 nV to 100 V in six decade ranges with six-pla~ settability and 20% overranging. Frequency extends from 10 Hz to 1.1 MHz through the 10 V range and to 110 kHz through
100 v.

With the P A-226 high-voltage ·amplifier (an option at $2995 ), the ac and de ranges can be extended to 1200 V. Other companies offer similar high-voltage options on ac calibrators.
Some additional features of the calibration instruments from Optimation include:
· Short-circuit-proof circuitry that revel'ts to standby mode under overcurrent or short-circuit conditions and cannot be reprogrammed until the fault is removed.
· Floating or grounded output that allows operation at 120 V ac or 50(} V de above ground.
· Flexible programming format in the AC-130 that provides a choice of positive or negative true logic, BCD or individual lines and choice of strobing.
For ac de error measurement, a calibrated offset error can be introduced using a 10-turn potentiometer. Three ranges are available: 0% (calibrated output); ±0.5%; and ±5% .
The price of the AC~126 is $5495. The AC-130 (with programming) costs $6995.
CIRCLE NO . 301

ELECTRONIC DESIGN 2, January 18, 1975.

They're all from lsotronics... the widest assortment of microelectronic packages you can find anywhere. And they're all manufactured with uncompromising care to meet your high standards of quality. For engineering ability and product reliability in microcircuit packaging , call lsotronics.
Visit us at NEPCON
:W· the microcircuit
packaging specialis t s A
Jsotron1cs
lsotronlcs, Inc. 12 Coffin Ave . New Bedford , Mass . 02746 (617)997-4575 TWX7103441961 Cable-ISOTRONICS
INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NUMBER 60
87

The Art Wire Calculator Keyboard key contact is better because it's designed for the job. It is a cold-formed key insert, used as the circuit board contact. The head acts as a stop for precisely locating the contact inside the key, the crimps increase the strength of the assembly, and reduce the tendency to twist. The chamfered or radiused end makes inser.tion easier, and a more positive contact. We supply the key contact in a variety of configurations to fit your need . Whichever one you choose, it is more economical because it is cold formed on automatic equipment.
- - I T -,, 1~1;[1:;!!:!3!1 ·
·· 111
... ..... ,. ., ~
Write for full information, or send a print or part for quotation.
r:..T·TJ
ART WIRE & STAmPlnli tomPARY
116 Wing Drive, Cedar Knolls, New Jersey 07977
INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NUMBER 61
88

DISCRETE SEMICONDUCTORS:

High-voltage transistors

0.5 in. high displays

handle up to 500 V

come two in a package

,-, ,-, i:,.I l- I

- - - - ~··· 1. LI.

'-'· '-'· ·1>

.~: ~

Litron~·x, 19000 H omestead Rd., Cupertino, CA 95014. (408) 2577910 . $4.70/2 digits (1000-up); stock.
Two 0.5 in. high LED displays, in a single DIP-type package, include the DL-727, which has two 7segment digits plus decimal points, and the DL-721, which has a plusor-minus sign and a "l" preceding one 7-segment digit. All modules a.re end-stackable to produce any combination of 0.5-in. digits on 0.5-in. centers. Luminous intensity is 5 med at 20 mA per segment. Light pipes spread illumination evenly over broad segments. Both modules have the same drive requirements. Power required is only 30 to 40 mW per segment from standard logic voltage supplies.
CIRCLE NO. 328
Npn/pnp power devices handle up to 200 W

Thomson-CSF, S escosem, 101
Boulevard Murat, 75781 Paris
Cedex 16. Three series of power transis-
tors, the BUX39 to BUX45, BUXlO to BUX15 and BUX20 to BUX25, are specially designed for use as fast switching transistors in high voltage inverters ( 25 kHz ), ultrasonic generators and choppers. Their performance with voltages up to 500 V (VeEocsus)) allows them to be connected to 220-V power lines without a transformer. Some of the main characteristics include
vC"EO( sus) from 90 to 500 V, l e max
from 15 to 30 A, l e effective from 8 to 20 A, VcE ""' from 1 to 1.6 V and tr from 0.3 to 1.6 .µs.
CIRCLE NO. 330

Bridge rectifiers handle 0.75 A continuous

Power Physics, Industrial Park West, Eatontown, NJ 07724. (201) 542-1393. From $2.40 (100-up); 2 wk.
A family of epitaxial base npnpnp power transistors is designed for high power switching applications, and perform well in amplifiers rated for a 50-kHz bandwidth. The following JEDEC types a.re available: 2N5301, 2N5302, 2N5303, 2N6326 through 2N6331 and 2N5683 through 2N5686. These families feature h~'E ranges from 15 to 50, VrEO's from 40 to 140 V and f, . of 4 MHz. Power dissipation ranges from 117 to 200 W for the T0-3 packaged transistors.
CIRCLE NO. 329

General Instrument, Semiconductor Components Div., 600 W. John St.,
Hicksvill e, NY 11802. (800) 645 -
1247. Model 75 W02M: $0.20 (25,000-up); 3 to 4 wk.
The 75 WOM series of miniature 0.75 A single-phase, silicon bridge rectifiers has PRVs from 50 to 1000 V. Depending on PRV rating, the units have a maximum rms input voltage of 35 to 700 V and a maximum de blocking voltage of 50 to 1000 V. All minibridges in the 75 WOM series have a peak surge overload rating of 30 A and an operating tempera-
ture range of - 55 to + 125 C.
CIRCLE NO. 331

ELECTRONIC DESIGN 2, January 18, 197 5

Series A

Series B

Designed to extremely low noise contact construction related value, from minute current to heavy current can be stably switched.

8 types. 200 models Rating: 10 & 6A 125V 250VAC Contact resistance: DC 2-4V .0 .1A
10mn maximum

7 types, 100 models Ratings: 25, 20. 15 & 10A 125V 250VAC
Contact resistance: DC 2-4V . 0.1A 10mD maximum Types: Toggle, rocker, slide, pushbutton, double pushbutton, rotary,
molded lever.
~ Short caulking frame ·Frame and conductor are perfectly separated for perfect isolation and safety.
@I UL Standards 94V-O approved material ·Superior arc resistance, heat resistance, cold resistance, moisture resistance, and shock resistance.

(1) All models are highly reliable, trustworthy products which satisfy 10A specifications. The 10A type are small, low-cost popular type.
(2) Perfectly sealed terminals prevent the entry of flux ·nto the case. (3) Unit type terminal contacts prevent electrical accide. ts even if the
case should be deformed by soldering heat. etc.
19 Buried fixed contacts system
·This system eliminates entry of flux into the case. ·Electrical performances are not effected by loosening of the ter-
minals or deformation of the case due to heat.

OMTOca.LTn Meeting your design needs...... 18-1, MINAMIOHI 5 - CHOME, SHINAGAWA-KU, TOKYO, 140 JAPAN PHONE: 03 (765) 7216- 7

INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NUMBER 62

For
m r
your circuits

Specify Staver heat sinks

of silver-bearing copper.

Our specialized metal alloy does the trick. The
silver-bearing copper in Staver Thermovane·V7 and VB heat sinks conducts more heat from IC packages. And as heat dissipation increases, so does power output. Staver Thermovanes also mean longer life and greater reliability for your power-type circuits.

IC POWER DISSIPATION

The V7 and VB were designed for 14- and 1&-pin

dual in-line packages with side tabs , like the

Sprague A, P and Q and National Semiconduc- Without With

With

tor LM 377, 37B and 3BO. Other Staver Thermo- Dissipater va

vane heat sinks are available in a wide variety of designs and configurations. Write us for
full details.

The chart tells the story. 1c
power dissipation more than
!~~~~;}~e:t::·~~7v8~ore

T~ 41-51 N. Saxon Ave.. Bay Shore, N.Y.11706 (516) 66&-BOOO
~OMPANY INC.

INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NUMBER 63
EL l:CTRONI C D ESIGN 2, Janu ary 18, 1975

If Better Cooling
is what you need,

Better Cooling
is what you get!
astrodyne·s
New.'

Forced Convection Catalog offers the widest selection of high performance and economical cooling packages available. Easy to use performance charts simplifies selection of the most suitable assembly.

for your free Forced Convection Assembly catalog FC-730 see your Astrodyne representative or write:

ct.:z1.:r aS~~l!:Y~~AYw~~~PO!!!~·

353 MIOULESEX AVENU E

WILMINGT O· r: ASSACHUSETTS 0 188 7

(617 ! 272-3850 TWX 710 JJJ-070-l

INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NUMBER 64
89

Miniservo®recorders shipped in 72 hours*

Three basic models, hundreds of combinations-bench, panel, and OEM (stripped)-offer accurate, dependable performance at an average price of $400. Miniservo basic full scale sensitivity is 100 MV (0 to 1, 10, 50, 100, 500 MV, 1 V ranges available) with a response speed of 0.5 sec, accuracy within 0.5% of span, and 8 chart speeds from 1.25 to 300 cm/hr or faster. 10 cm active width chart is Z-fold or roll. Disposable fiber pen/ink writing. Full scale zero adjust. *And for $525, you can get a stock S-22087 multi-speed, multi-range benchmount unit shipped in 72 hours. Request Bulletins F 610, 611 and 612 from Esterline Angus Instrument Corporation, Indianapolis, IN. 46224. 317/244-7611.

:::511 ESTERLINE ANGUS I

:@J: U

,,.,.. A UNIT OF ESTERLINE CORPORATION
INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NUMBER 65
The World's smallest Bl-DIRECTIONAL, CODE PUSHBUTTON switch with large easy-to-read numerals. Available in a variety

n I - of coded outputs (includes decimal) and lots

- of moup!lng an matin.·g· accessories.

::=- · c /~Call (617) 686-0126

IY-.~., ~· ~.1~L ~~~~:~ro~e!~~da~~ 1::1::11
:! C

. ~'

~ 1

,./.l ·.. us for a "dummy"

... swjtch to study and

:,,;

1 compare on your

n--I U~

sMc'l ,.
SERIES

~. ·

own panel design.

ct :::c ALCO ELEC RONIC PRODUCTS, INC.

1551 Osgood St., No. Andover, Mass. 01845 @

INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NUMBER 102

INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NUMBER 103
90

0.01%linearity
0--5V level Isolation Amplifier!
200µsec rise-time, 60dB more S/N of this Isolation Amplifier meet all the requirements
ot Data Acquisition System
N.1'.#CO,?L#.D.
SUGIURA BLDG. 10-2, DAIKYO-CHO, SHINJUKU-KU, TOKYO 160, JAPAN PHONE: (03) 341 -8330 TELEX : J26779 CABLE : PORTEDROITE TOKYO
INFORMATION RETR!EVAL NUMBER 67
QUICK-CONNECT BLOCKS
With Infinite Design Possibilities
There's an Underwriters Terminal
r/ Block for virtually
any design require- VJ
ment you have or · can conceive. No other line offers a wider selection of blocks and variations of in-block circuitry. Any number of terminations. Wide choice of configurations. Most are UL recognized and CSA certified. Blocks in kit form, too. Also special designs and hot-stamped coded blocks. Request bulletin.
Underwriters Safety Device Company
7300 W. Wilson Ave., Chicago, Ill. 60656 · 312-867-4600
INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NUMBER 68
ELECTRONIC DESIGN 2, January 18. 1975

PACKAGING & MATERIALS
Heat-sealed splices
I hold on oiled paper r

Rectangular connector mates with zero force

Computer Accessories Corp., 211 New York Ave., Huntington, NY 11743. (516) 421-0929 . $23: Iron, $5.79 per 50 ft roll tape.
Now you can convert your perforator tape patc.h splicer into a heat-seal splicer, inexpensively, with the CAC 503 heat-sealing iron and 900 series heat-seal splicing tapes. Gum adhesives on conventional pressure-sensitive patches run from humidity or melt from temperatures produced by photocell lamps. And oiled perforator tapes pose an adhesion problem. The 900 series tapes, made of metalized Mylar, produce a permanent bond at 350 F, which endures extreme storage and operating conditions. The tapes can be used with any level oil or unoi led paper, or Mylar tapes.
CIRCLE NO. 332

International Telephone & Telegraph Corp ., 666 E. Dyer Rd., P.O. Box 929, Santa Ana, CA 92702. (714) 557-4700. 4 wks.
Instamate rectangular connector, DL3-60, features zero mating force with cam-actuated contacts. Hermaphroditic contacts, removable crimp snap-in contacts, 10,000 mating-unmating cycles and machine wire wrapping are some of the other features. The connector is intermountable with the ELCO 56-pin Varicon, 50-pin AMP "M," 50-pin Burntly "HYFEN" and the Winchester "MRA" connectors. The body is made of glass-filled Noryl insulator material with copper-alloy contacts. There are 36 polarizing positions and the ambient operating temperature is - 65 to
100 c.
CIRCLE NO. 334
Banana jack features wire-wrappable terminal

Fuzz buttons useful for probe contacts
Technical Wire Products, Inc ., 129 Dermody St., Cranford, NJ 0701 6. (201) 272-5500.
Fuzz buttons are resilient, multipath contact elements produced by the die compression of a charge of fine knitted wire mesh to a desired shape and density. The buttons provide low resistance, redundancy of contacts and mechanical compliance. They make reliable test connections and probe contacts in earphones, switches and field radios. Any wire that can be knitted can be used to produce the buttons.
CIRCLE NO. 333

ITT Pomona Electronics, 1500 E. Ninth St., Pomona, CA 91766. (714) 623-6463.
Three new banana jacks fitted with 0.025-in., square wrapped-wire terminals are offered in three configurations: standard single jack, Model 4005; standard double jack, Model 4069; and a miniature single jack, model 4022. All are molded of polycarbonate thermoplastic per Federal Spec L-P-394A to a nickelplated brass body for low insertion loss, low power factor and high insulation resistance. The wrap pins are gold plated.
CIRCLE NO . 335

ELECTRONIC DESIGN 2, January 18, 1975

NEW!
LOW PROFILE 2-POLE
8-POSITION
ROTARY SWITCH

ACTUAL SIZE

LIGHTWEIGHT, WATERTIGHT, PCB-MOUNTABLE
... PROJECTS ONLY .62" BEHIND PANEL INCLUDING TERMINALS

Nonshorting S-1008 Series switch with positive detent can
be factory set from 2 to 8 positions. Ideal for hand-held communications or virtually any application that requires
switching 2 circuits simultaneously.
Highly reliable switch has life of 50,000 cycles, contact resistance of 1O milliohms (max) @ 1 mA initial, and contact rating of 100 mA @ 120 VAC. Stainless steel
shaft is slotted and flatted for screwdriver adjustment or
knob. Aluminum body is only .55" in diameter.
For complete details on the S-1 008 and other
subminiature, low profile rotary switches, contact TEC or the TEC-REP nearest you .

DISTRIBUTORS:
Audio Eleclronlcl. Inc·· C...811· Bod8118 Co., Inc., ChlC880 llonlewl8ck Co., New E.....nd c.ntury A8ro Corp., So. C.I.
"-'- Rmio Corp., Florid· Rn81 Ei.ctronlca, No. Cail.

(4161496-0720 (3121 323-8670 (6171668-41116 12131772-1186
1306161MMi866 (41611166-2010

TEC, Incorporated
9600 NORTH ORACLE ROAD TUCSON, ARIZONA USA 85704
(602) 297-1111 TWX 91 0-952-1 377
INFORM A TI O N RETRI EVAL N UMBER 69
91

01'-.\1:A.6'>Z~~~.\if"P\.\£:ttt0oA'\U\S£1\lA.0fl\'f
Kn itted Wire Mesh-The miracle material we've been bu ilding into EMl/RFI sh ielding compo nen ts since we invented them-is now available in a un ique family of zipon/zip-off cable shielding devices .. . all with excellent magnetic, electric, and plane-wave attenuation properties. Besides standa rd l.D.'s of the zipper-.closed bas ic shield, we make compatible spl ice couplers, bulkhead terminations, and T , Y, and reducer trans itions.
All Zip-Ex-2 hardware is install able (and removable) either before or after the cable is connected in place. Ultra-flexible, strong, and extremely durable Zip-Ex-2 is designed for ·custom installation by you- quickly, easily, and econom ically.
Call or write, for full data and tree representative samples. Metex Corp. , 970 New Durham Rd ., Ed ison, N. J . 08817, (201) 287-0800 or Cal-Metex Corp., 509 Hindry
;it Avenue, Inglewood, Calif. 90301 ,
(213) 641-8000.
pa~1:8.io
\N~ 111ptJ\£N1 11,~
"' "'£Q'u· 1.\P·l*... .
INFORMATI ON RETRIEVAL NUMBER 7 0
n

DATA PROCE SS ING
Versatile test panel in'terfaces to card files
Mupac Corp., 646 Summer St., Brockton, MA 02402. (617) 5886110. $25 (qty 10); 3 wks.
A family of panels is designed for card file interfacing and diagnostic testing. These panels may be used for input-output expansion, for active test stimuli and measurement or for mounting discrete components not able to be mounted within the card file. These panels offer a practical way of disconnecting stranded wire signal leads and power leads from card files with Gardner Denver's wrapped-wire back planes. The panels communicate to the card file by means of a 36/54 pin connector mounted at the top of each card. The two piece connector arrangement permits multiple insertions as well as strain relief for the stranded wire.
CIRCLE NO. 336
Dual-port memory lets minis do multiprocessing
Cambridge Memories, 12 Crosby Dr., Bedford, MA 01730. (617) 271-6300. $1875.
An extension of Cambridge's Dual-Port option on its ExpandaCore-11 add-on memory enables more than two PDP-11 computers to be linked in a daisy-chain configuration while sharing a series of ExpandaCore-11 memory units. In addition, the memory-sharing feature permits access to any memory unit from any direct-access CDMA) peripheral device used with PDP-11 processors. Access to the Dual Port memory by one of the processors allows independent operation of the alternate processor in the multiprocessor link, with its resident memory and associated peripherals. ExpandaC01·ell memory systems are plug-compatible with all models of Digital Equipment Corporation's PDP-11 minicomputers. The Dual Port memory systems are expandable up to 120k words (with or without parity) in increments of 8k or 16k. A 14-in. enclosure (17-in. deep) houses each memory.
CIRCLE NO . 33 7

Mini price slashed; console is virtual
Digital Equipment Corp., 146 Main St., Maynard, MA 01754 . ( 617) 897-5111. See t ext; July.
The PDP-11 / 04 offers a 20 % speed increase over its partner the PDP-11/ 05 yet costs $2495 in single units-a price reduction of $1300. The price slash is due to several factors : use of 4 k MOS RAM rather than core; a software replacement of the 11/ 05 control console (in ROM ); and omission of the real-time clock, auto restart and serial line controller. The latter three are optional. The machine offers a 750-ns cycle time and total compatibility with the 11/ 05, including vectored automatic interrupt. If you add a serial interface all console functions can be commanded from a terminal or even another machine. Hence a host computer can do remote diagnostics or even transmit programs · for execution by the 11/ 04. The other ROM programs include a bootstrap loader and extensive diagnostics. The console has only two contro.Js; power and bootstrap load. Memory is avai lable in 4 k or 8 k word units to a maximum of 28 k. In quantities of 50 the price of a 4-k (word)_ machine drops to $1647.
CIRCLE NO. 338
Card-to-tape converter digests 150 card/min
Datatex Corp ., 10935 S. Wilcrest Dr., Houston, TX 77072. (713) 4953100. $7000; 60 to 90 days.
The Model card-to-tape converter can punch up to 75 ca.rd/s and read 60 to 150 cards/ min., depending on the amount of data. Important capabilities include multiple code operation, programmable formats with up to 65 Hollerith characters and verification of data after punching.
CIRCLE NO. 339

ELECTRONIC DESIGN 2, January 18, 1975

QUALITY YOU CAN PUT YOUR FINGER ON!

INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NUMBER 71

1iiE FUSE
71-IAT NEVER
13LOWS I
MVRATA'S
POSl$TOR.~ R

- M:LF-RESTOR/NG

- R.EPLACE.S FUSES

- PROV/OS

VRRENT

P~ CTION FOR:

TRANSFOR.ME.RS, SOLENOIDS,

SIVIALL MOTORS, Nl-CN> CJIARGERS···

m11Rata
CORPORATION OF AMERICA
2 Westchester Plaza, Elmsford, New York 10523, U.S.A. Phone: 914-592-9180 Telex : 137332

INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NUMBER 72
EL ECTRONIC DESIGN 2, January 18, 1975

GET POSITIVE CONTROL ... EVERY TIME!
Designed to save you money in the "long run" and you'll get more control in less space! Available in bi-directional and uni-directional models in all standard coded outputs with a wide variety of custom features. Choice of six colors opens up a whole new world in control panel design. Keep control . .. write for complete catalog.
· 1·!~~0~~!!
3111 WINONA AVE·., BURBANK, CALIF. 91504 PHONE 213-845-7473 · TWX 910-498-2701
INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NUMBER 73
GAUSSMETERS
/'l·~-=J - ANALOG MODEL 750A
DIGITAL MODEL 750D

High Accuracy (up to) Ranges (as high as)
Readouts
Measurements
Internal Calibration Probes Power Req . Price (less probe)

ANALOG MOOEL 750A ±1.5% FS

DIGITAL MODEL 750D
± [0.2% of reading ±1 Digit]

50,000 Gauss

100,000 Gauss

511:1" Taut-band Meter

Four Digit (BCD output available)

Permanent Magnet and DC Fields; AC Fields from 20 to 800Hz

No Reference Magnet Needed Transverse, Axial and Tangential Available 115/ 230V, 50/ 60HZ

$865.00

$1,180 .00

An optional (Model ID75) Differential and Incremental Adaptor Is available.

~;~i~~~~;;;:::e;::~qulpm(,ffi\

Boonton, N. J. 07005
Tel, 201 -334-3100/ IWX, 710-987-8352 / CABtE, RAOAIRCO, N. J.

EST.

1922

INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NUMBER 74
93

INSTRUMENTATION
Digital unit boosts time-base accuracy

Pick a Tape for Your Very Own

or custom-design it. FAST. Phone

For: Point-of-Sale; Test Equipment, Data Hans Weck, Sales Manager.

Logging Tickets, Calculators,

Fast Food Receipts, Tolls. The No. 1 Printers serve the toughest

~'"# C. ITOH ELECTRONICS, INC.

leaders - many years of field-proven

Systems & Components Division

experience. Tell us your need - we' ll

280 Park Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10017

recommend the printer perfect for you -

(212) 573-9467. Telex : WUD 12-5059

INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NUMBER 75

Movl tbere·s aq alterqati\fct
to tbe sbictldctd 100111
The IFl Crawford Cell. It not only costs far less than a screened room it's more versatile; instrumentation requirements are simpler; it eliminates 'both antennas and resonance problems. The ·IF I Crawford Cell provides ·broadband measurement of radiation from, or susceptibility to radiation of equipment placed in the cell. Compact (53" x 24" x 16" with larger or smaller units available), the Model CC-103 Crawford Cell can be located any-
where in the lab. VSWR is < 1.1: 1 up to 300 MHz . Calibration traceable to
NBS.
For complete details, write IFI the leader in field generating and measuring equipment.

iqst!umeqts

lfo,cr 1qdustr1J. ·
(516)694-1414

151 To ledo Street , · Farm ingd ale , N .Y. 11 735

INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NUMBER 76
94

T ektronix, P. 0. Box 500, B eaverton, OR 97005. ( 503) 644-0161. $600 ; F eb. 15.
Model 5B31 digitally-delayed time base, a new plug-in in the 5400-Series scope line, overcomes many of the problems of the analog ti me base. The unit's digital pus h butto n s and thumbwh eels eliminate t he ambiguity of dials and multipliers, and make it easy to set the number of delaying events or time periods. The delay system-a crystal-controlled clock, digital counter, and a unique circuit t hat eliminates one-count ambiguity in the counter-replaces t he usual delaying time base.
In the delay-by-events mode, t he 5-digit t humbwheel switch displays t he number of events follow ing t he main triggering event before the sweep starts. This mode provides a diagnostic tool in the analysis of high-jitter digital data streams, like those from disc memories or tape recorders. There is an independent trigger level and a slope control for the event input from the left vertical plug-in. The event trigger operates to 20 MHz.
The delay time can be incremented in 1-µ,s steps from 0 to 99,999 µ, s and read directly fro m the 5-digit thumbwheel switch (no mu ltiplication is necessary ) . The calibrat ed sweep and no-parallax internal CRT graticule in t he scope mai nframe can be used to inte1~0late between 1-,µ, s steps for greater resolution. Delay jitter is less t han 10 ns plus 1 part in 107 ·
CIRCLE NO. 302
ELECTRONIC DESIGN 2, January 18 , 197 5

Word generator outputs variable data stream

DMM spans extra wide measurement ranges

.;; -:..

0
~

·.·~ -

"' ····. --,·::. ..._ ~ .

K ei thl ey I nstruments, 28775 Aurora Rd., Cleveland, OH 44139. (2 16 ) 248-0400. $525.

The voltage sensitivity of the Model 160B DMM ranges from microvolts (1 µ,V I digit) to kilovolts (1200-V full-range). And a current measuring capabi lity of 10 pA per digit to 2 A enables this new unit to handle many low-level measurements. Wide resistance capability of 1 mn per digit to 2000 Mn completes the all-around performance capability of the 160B. Zero stability is 0.2 µ,V /°C .
CIRCLE NO. 342

Tau-Tron, 11 Esquire Rd., North Billerica, MA 01862. ( 617 ) 6673874. $4000; 6-8 wks.
MG-3 word-generator module operates at bit rates up to 50 MHz . The unit contains 1024 bits of random-access semiconductor memory programmable from front-panel controls and via a remote bus. The 1024 bits are arranged into a matrix of 8 bits by 128 words. An 8-bit LED display shows the contents of any word in the matrix. Data output may be either in 8-bit parallel, or in serial format. The output word or bit length is controllable in integer steps: in the parallel mode, from 1 to 128 parallel words; in the serial mode, from 1 to 1024 serial bits.
CIRCLE NO . 340
Chart recorders tailor themselves to user
Philips, PO Box 523, Eindhoven, the Netherlands. S ee text.
Two new, low-profile, compact chart recorders can be tailored to an individual user's requirements. The recorders-PM 8202, single line and the PM 8222, double line -have a response time of 0.25 s for full chart width of 250 mm. Both are basically single span with a sensitivity of 10 mV, although there is a preamp available to increase this to 1 mV when required. The accuracy of both instruments is 0.5 % and dead band is 0.1 % . No price avai lable at press time.
CIRCLE NO . 341
ELECTRONIC D ESIGN 2, January 18, 1975

And here's what we built into it:
· solid state circuitry · short and open circuit protection
· frequency stability ± 0.1 db
· external pulse or AM modulation · internal square wave modulation · low tube cost/operating hour · qualified to MIL-STD-461 and 810

It has six different plug-in heads

Model
6047 6048 6049 6050 6051 6052

Freq. (MHz)
10-50 50-200 200-500 500-1000 1000-2000 2000-2500

Pwr. (MIN)
65 65 65 65 40 25

You have now ended your search for a stable, reliable 65 watt oscillator. Just call or write for detailed engineering data. Or ask for a demonstration
MCL, INC., 10 North Beach A v e n y e , LaGrange, Illinois, 60525. (312) 354-4350
M ;c:, ·INS C ~ _,
/
Now on GSA contract GSOOS-27086 See us in EEM-Vo/. 1pp. 284-291
INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NUMBER 77
95

9-POINT ARRAY

(new literature)

9 NPN Phototransistors mounted on .100" centers.
HEI (and only HEI.)
SHAFT ENCODER SENSORS
~

J ~~J/hed l~

Phototransistor ~ ·-

arrays.

.! . .

. (

HEI (and only HEI.)
OPTICAL SWITCH

Photoelectric contactless switch using an LED & a phototransistor.
HEI ~~~: HEI.)
Call Pete Spaulding Now ··· (612) 448-3510
~HEiine:.
Jonathan Industrial Center Chaska, Minn. 55318
INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NUMBER 78
96

CMOS switches
A 44-page guide to monolithic analog CMOS switches and multiplexers describes five multiplexer families and six series of dual and quad switches. Specifications include prices, schematics, pack!age configurations, test conditions and performance characteristics. An eight-page applications section discusses CMOS protection schemes, switch and multiplexer terminology, and applications in sampleand-ho.Jd amplifiers, data-acquisition systems, commutating bandpass filters, digitally controlled timing circuits, d/ a converters and ramp generators. Analog Devices, Norwood, MA
CIRCLE NO. 343
Wire, cable and cord sets
Power cable, portable power cable, Selectrocrown portable cords, control cable and cord sets are described in a six-page catalog. ITT Royal Electric, Pawtucket, RI
CIRCLE NO. 344
Marvin's marvelous mini
If you're facing the decision of whether to build or buy a minicomputer for the sys.tern you're planning to take to market, then you might follow the tale of corporate disaster which unfolds in "The Story of Marvin's Marvelous Mini." Marvin's documentary serves up some fascinating guidelines for avoiding such pitfalls as "Paddling the Corporate Canoe up the Creek" or "Getting Caught in Your Own Mousetrap." Computer Automation, Irvine, CA
CIRCLE NO. 345

Instruments and systems
Trim but no.t slim describes Hewlett-Packard's 572-page menu of instruments and systems for 1975. Wrapped in a new format this year, the coated pages of the HP catalog go down easily as big photos, graphs, technical info and clear descriptions give vent to the company's huge line of appetizing equipment. For your copy, write to 1501 Page Mill Rd., Palo Alto, CA 94304
INQUIRE DIRECT
Data communications
A 12-page catalog describes data communication products. The fullcolor catalog includes high-speed modems for end-users as well as OEM. International Communications Corp, Miami, FL
CIRCLE NO . 346
Power instrumentation
A systems handbook details realtime event recording for on-line monitoring of fau lts that are recorded on magnetic tape, oscillographs, printers and frequency and phase angle control for use in economic phase angle power load distribution. Also covered are programmable controllers for use in peak standby generating plants, environmental control appli cations and automatic demand load controller for economic electric power er demand control. Datametrics, Wilmington, MA
CIRCLE NO. 347
VIG devices
An introduction to YIG devices. a section of definitions of YIGdevice parameters as well as five product sections covering YIGtuned oscillators, YIG-tuned filters, integrated YIG filter / osci llator sets, YIG drivers and YIG-tuned harmonic generators are given in a 24-page catalog. The catalog is illustrated with photographs and outline drawings. Watkins-Johnson, Palo A lto, CA
CIRCLE NO. 348

ELECTRONIC DESIGN 2, January 18, 1975

Transducer control system
The multichannel modular transducer control system is described in a 12-page brochure. Validyne Engineering, Northridge, CA
CIRCLE NO. 349
Desktop index
Now in its second year of publication, The AMT Desktop Index, a guide to design articles in eight top electronic periodicals, is an invaluable reference for the engineer. The 1974 edition spans the last 3-1/2 years and features over 5000 entries in some 250 categories. The index and a six-month update cost $9. AMT Desktop Index, P.O. Box 11275, Kansas City, KS 66111
INQUIRE DIRECT
Circuit breakers
The booklet "UL, CSA and Circuit Breakers: What they mean to you" provides data about the Underwriters Laboratories and the Canadian Standards Association. It discusses the testing standards and procedures for products and explains the specific approvals UL and CSA grant to particular circuit breakers. The booklet lists and describes the company's products under their UL and CSA approval classification. Heinemann Electric, Trenton, NJ
CIRCLE NO. 350
Process control systems
"How a Foxboro Integrated Computer Control System Can Save You Time and Money" details the company's approach to systems integration, using subsystems called SPEC 200, INTERSPEC, FOX 1 and FOX 2. The Foxboro Co., Foxboro, MA
CIRCLE NO. 351
Submerged arc welding
All the essential ingredients for making a good submerged arc weld plus formulas for determining the cost of the job are included in "The Submerged Arc Welding Handbook." The 68-page handbook presents step-by-step instructions on setting up for welding, preparing the workpiece and making the weld. The handbook is available at $3.50 per copy. Union Carbide, Linde Div., 270 Park Ave., New York, NY 10017
INQUIRE DIRECT
ELECTRONIC DESIGN 2, January 18, 1975

"Snappit" Circuits ... little substrates that save big pennies.
Gone are the pattern alignment problems . We print the c1 rcu1t before firing the ceramic . Also gone are the problems of flatness control . . for the same reason . And. when 1t comes to repairing a bad ch1p-term1nat1on on a substrate . the circuit won 't lift off anywhere near as quickly. because the pattern has been homogeneously fired into the surface of the substrate . So. 1f you, have a problem, call us ... we have some snappy answers .
lrliiJll:!l!iIl CERAMIC SYSTEMS Telephone: (714) 459-2935 3422 Tripp Court San Diego , CA 92121
INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NUMBER 79

{that won't blow

your manufacturing costs!)

· Mounts directly to drive motor · Frequency output < 0.7% FM deviation · Uses LED light sources, extremely
reliable · Square wave, TTL compatible output

· Temp. range of -20°C to +ao0 c
· Priced under $35.00 in quantity
Write or call for spec sheet on Disc's new 990 Series Tachometers.

""DISC
'1J

DISC ln1truments, Inc. 102 E. Baker St., Costa Mesa, Calif, 92626, Phone (714) 979-5300

Diec ln1trument1 Division Flnnlg·n QmbH Dachauer Strasse 511, 8 Munchen 50, Germany
Phone: (0811) 142291 (2)

Diec lnatrumenta Dlwltlon Flnnlg·n lntlrumenta Ltd. Paradise, Hemel Hempstead, Herts, England
Phone: (0442) 57261

INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NUMBER 80
97

..,.,..,...________ -

.' ~ :. -

! r - ----- ,...- -..

" .......... Model: 6120 Programmable DC Standard

. ·I 9 9 ·

q ·

· .'- __-_
.,;;-_~;::--;..;-;..

- - '1rl'--· - -

Two DC VII Generators for all new applications
1. A stimulus to auto testing equipment...Programmable functions for OEM use.
Two DC V/I generators can con trol externally the functions you need for OEM apphca lions These units have a pulse 4 w1dth modulation system. so switching output noise is far less than that of conventional products
2. Includes a 14-step memory and flip switch for newer, wider bench uses.
M odel 6120 includes a 14 step memory so It can be used as a simple testing device for storage of the desired output Model 6141 has a new fhp switch enabling quick selling of the output
3. High accuracy and very small step advantages permitting use as a standard device.
Both models have very small step advan tages. continuously variable. and highly stab1hzed output for adequa te use as standard device
4. Continuous function highly suited for instrumentation checks and maintenance.
Both models can vary th e output level both stepwise and con tinuously. making them highly suited for checking and ma1n tenace

DCV DCI Price

Model 6141
0-±12V (lµV step)
0 - ±120mA (0 .lµA step)
$890

Model 6120
0- ±1200V (lµV step)
0-±120mA (O.lµA step)
$2995

T.R.I. Corporation
505 West Olive Avenue Sunnyvale, CA 94086 (408) 733-9080
INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NUMBER 81
98

NEW LITERATURE
. : Il1i:1ri:Jrl1lT!Jr
Ordering information, description and photos of the hospitalgrade UL-listed wiring devices are highlighted in a folder. ArrowHart, Stamford, CT
CIRCLE NO. 352
Lighted PB switches
Information on the company's Series 01-669 lighted pushbutton switches is colorfully illustrated in a two-page bulletin. Licon, Chicago, IL
CIRCLE NO . 353
Power supplies
Encapsulated power supplies that include thermal barrier, chassismount and low profile models, are covered in an eight-page catalog. Specifications, prices, derating information, package configurations and applications are provided for the logic and dual supplies. Analog Devices, Norwood, MA
CIRCLE NO. 354
Financial fact book
"Electronic News Financial Fact Book & Directory 1974" contains a wealth of financial statistics on over 750 electronics companies. The 769-page book lists parent companies alphabetically in the table of contents and an index at the back of the book cross-references divisions. The book costs $60. Fairchild Publications, Book Div., 7 E. 12th St., New York, NY 10003
INQUIRE DIRECT

Knobs
Literally hundreds of different choices of knob styles, sizes and types for every conceivable use are listed in a 17-page catalog. KurzKasch,. Dayton, OH
CIRCLE NO. 355
Control I gauges
A 100-page catalog describes low differential pressure air and gas gauges, differential pressure switches, flowmeters, manometers, air filter and air velocity gauges and combustion testing instruments. The catalog includes technical data, OEM and plant applications and prices. Dwyer Instruments, Michigan City, IN
CIRCLE NO. 356
Rack/ panel connectors
A DPD/ DPDMA rectangular rack/ panel connector catalog lisits nonenvironmental single and twogiang configurations. The 16-page catalog includes 10 photographs and discusses model differences, rear release contact retention assembly, contact arrangements and variations, polarization, she!~ dimensions, accessories, contact data and engaging devices. ITT Cannon Electric, Santa Ana, CA
CIRCLE NO. 357
Tachometry systems
An 18-page catalog covers tachometry equipment. The catalog contains descriptions and specifications for frequency-to-de converters, de voltage level detectors, over/ underspeed controls and indicating or indicating/ control tachometry systems. Application, dimensional and how-to-order data are included. Electro Corp., Sarasota, FL
CIRCLE NO. 358
Consumer ICs
A quick guide to standard consumer entertainment integrated circuits lists 36 !Cs for such applications as chroma oscillators, demodulators, amplifiers and signal processors, as well as videofine-tuning systems, detector limiters, gain blocks, stereo decoders, rf/ i-f amplifiers, dual audio preamplifiers and audio amplifiers. Sprague Electric, North Adams, · MA
CIRCLE NO . 359
ELECTRONIC DESIGN 2, January 18, 1975

Electronic Design
Advertising Sales Staff Tom W. Carr, Sales Director
Rochelle Park, N.J. 07662 Robert W. Gascoigne Daniel J. Rowland
(Recruitment, Quick Ads, Classified) 50 Essex Street (201) 843-0550 TWX: 710-990-5071
Philadelphia Thomas P. Barth 50 Essex Street Rochelle Park, N.J . 07662 (201) 843-0550
Boston 02178 Gene Pritchard P.O. Box 379 Belmont, Mass. 02178 (617) 489-2340
Chicago 60611 Thomas P. Kavooras Berry Conner, Jr. 200 East Ontario (312) 33 7-0588
Cleveland Thomas P. Kavooras (Chicago) (312) 33 7-0588
Los Angeles 90045 Stanley I. Ehrenclou Burt Underwood 8939 S. Sepulveda Boulevard Suite 510 Los Angeles , Calif. (213) 641 -6544
San Francisco 94022 Jerry D. Latta P.O. Box 1248 Los Altos, Calif. (415) 965-2636
London, Amsterdam, Tokyo, Seoul John Ashcraft 12, Bear St. Leicester Squ::ire London WC2H ?AS England Phone: 01-930-0525 W. J. M. Sanders John Ashcraft & Co. Herengracht 365 Amsterdam C., Holland Phone: 020-24-09-08 Haruki Hirayama Electronic Media Service 5th Floor, Lila Bldg. , 4 -9 -8 Roppongi Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan Phone: 402 -4556 Cable: Electronicmedia , Tokyo Mr. 0-kyn Park, President Dongbo International Corporation l.P. 0. Box 4010 Seoul , Korea Phone : 28-1911 Cable: Dongbo Seoul
~ABP
ELECTRONIC D ES IGN 2, January 18, 1975

The World's No.1 encapsulated power supplies. Andwhy.

CPl's PM300 Series outsells all other encapsulated power supplies in
the world . That makes it Number 1. And the reasons for its success are simple.
For one thing, these power modules are easy to install, so they're perfect for prototyping. But they're also rugged. And feature an internal short circuit protection.
The PM300 Series is available with

output voltages of 5, 6 , 12. 15, and 24 volts, and output currents tram 65ma
to 1000ma. The cost is modest. The warranty is
24 months. And the delivery is virtually off-the-shelf.
So now you know why the PM300 Series is the most popular power supply series in the world . When you've got the best, the word gets around .
~ J:omputerProduct:!!i,inc.

I·=-
ci

Distributors : Indianapolis 317-899-2890/Dallas 214-341-8311 / Los Angeles 213-877-5518/Canada 416-751-2371 /Seattle 206-454-9332/ Sunnyvale 408-735-9040 .
gJ 1400 NW 70 Street, Fort Lauderdale , Florida 33309 (305) 97 4-5500. TWX (510) 956-9895 .

INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NUMBER 82

Patent Pending

PLUG-IN

WIRE BUILD

MTEOSDTIFY .... Made in USA

without soldering Continental Specialties' QT

IC Capacity Unit

for as little as

(Quick Test} Sockets and Bus Strips expand breadboarding

Item in 14 pin Price

No.

DIPS (US only)

without shorts or burnt fingers.

Just Snap/ Lock together as

QT-59S

$12.50

many QTs as you need ·and test

QT-59B

2.50

ICs, transistors, resistors,

QT-47S

capacitors and more. Plug-i n
and connect with #22 AWG solid hook-up wire without soldering

QT-47B QT-35S

or patch cords. QTs are totally

QT-35B

10.00 2.25 8.50 2-00

reusable. 10 different sizes.

QT-18S

4.75

Order today off-the-shelf from

QT-1 25

3.75

CSC or local distributor. Charge: BAC , MC, AX . Write for free catalog. Free English/ Metric

QT- SS QT- 7S

1 1

3.25 3.00

Slide Rule with each order.

Add $1.50 shipping/ handling.

=!:::JI= Dealer inquiries invited.

Foreign orders add 15%.

CONTINENTAL SPECIALTIES CORPORATION

Box 1942, New Haven, CT 06509. phone 203 / 624-3103

Prices subject to change

s. W. Coast Office: Box 7809, Francisco, CA 94119 415/383-4207
Canada: Available thru Len Finkler Ltd., Ontario

INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NUMBER 83
99

Versatile Electronic Design

· l"x.100'6nm
Heed Relays

Many Options for Most Applications
New CR-2000 Series utilizes the popular I" x .100" grid pattern, with I to 6 poles and a variety of options and contact forms for almost any application. Reliable low-level switches may be conditioned by special run-in and dynamic testing. Models can be epoxy-encapsulated or simply encased for added economy. Ask for Bulletin MR 11.1 for full details.

CIDI I

COTO-COIL COMPANY, INC.
59 Pavilion Ave. Providence, R. I. 02905 Tel: (401) 467-4777

INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NUMBER 84

SUBSCRIBER SERVICE For prompt service include the addressed label when writing about your subscription.

CHANGE OF ADDRESS

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If you're moving, please let us know six weeks before changing your address. If you have a question, place your magazine address label here and clip this form to your letter.
MAIL TO: ELECTRONIC DESIGN Circulation Dept. Hayden Publishing Co., Inc., 50 Essex Street, Rochelle Park, NJ 07662

ELECTRONIC DESIGN'S function is:
· To aid progress in the electronics manufacturing industry by promoting good design.
· To g ive the electronic design engineer concepts and ideas that make his job easier and more p~ductive. · To provide a central source of timely electronics information.
· To promote comm unication among members of the electronics engineering community.
Want a subscription? ELECTRONIC DESIGN is sent free to qualified engineer s and engineering managers doing design work, supervising design or setting standards in the United States a nd Western Europe. For a free subscription, use the application form bound in the magazine. If none is included, write to us direct for an application forl1'1.
If you do not qualify, you may take out a paid subscription for $30 a year in the U .S.A., $40 a year elsewher e. Si ngle copies are $1.50 each.
If you change your address, send us an old mailing label and your new address; there is generally a postcard for this bound in the magazine. You will have to requalify to continue receiving ELECTRONIC DESIGN free.
The accuracy policy of ELECTRONIC DESIGN is: · To make diligent efforts to ensure the accuracy of editorial matter. · To publish prompt corrections whenever inaccuracies are brought to our attention. Corrections appear in "Across the Desk." · To encourage our reader s as responsible members of our business community to r eport to us misleading or fraudulent advertising. · 'To refuse a ny advertisement deemed to be misleading or fraudulent.
Microfilm copies are available of complete volumes of ELECTRONIC DESIGN at $19 per volume, beginning with Volume 1, 1961 through Volume 20. Reprints of individual articles may be obtained for $3.00 each, prepaid ($.50 for each additional copy of the same article) no matter how long the article. For further _details and to place orders, conta ct the Customer Services Department, University Microfilms, 300 North Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48106 telephone (313) 761-4700.
Want to contact us? If you have any comments or wish to submit a manuscript or article outline, address your correspondence to:
Editor ELECTRONIC DESIGN
50 Essex Street Rochelle Park, N.J. 07662

A
GOLD MINE OF
INFORMATION
&
DATA

· 520

CATALOG PAGES ON ICs & SEMICONDUCTORS

· 300 CATALOG PAGES ON INSTRUMENTS

· 290

CATALOG PAGES ON POWER SUPPLIES

· 210

CATALOG PAGES ON WIRE. & CONNECTOR PRODUCTS

· 150 CATALOG PAGES ON SWITCHES

· 2800 CATALOG PAGES ALL TOLD IN. 52 PRODUCT CATEGORIES

Electronic Design' s GOLD BOOK puts the entire electronics industry at your fingertips. Use It for product search, selection, specification and purchase. It's the most thorouQh industry master catalog & directory ever compiled.
When you need Information ... Electronic Design's
GOLD BOOK
IS THE PLACE
TO LOOK

100

ELECTRONIC DESIGN 2, January 18, 1975

quick ad1

New and current products for the electronic designer presented by their manufacture rs.

Cut & Peel Circuit Board Kit. Cut prototype boards or ground planes . Assortment of 7 includes one and two sided Cut & Peel Boards on .100" grid drilled and plain epoxy-glass, "X" and "X-Y" Board, a plug-in Cut & Peel GP Board with etched gold/ nickel edge connector, and a special knife. Kit # 8964 is $37.00 . Circuit Stik, Inc. Box 3396, Torr., CA 90510 .
INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NUMBER 601

Mini/Bus® Evaluation Kit, $25, in stock. Lets you try Rogers' lowcost, noise attenuating, high packaging density power distribution system for PC boards. Millions in use . Standard parts on 2 weeks delivery, or less! Customer parts 4 to 6 weeks delivery. Rogers Corporation, Chandler, Ariz. 85224. Phone (602) 963-4584
INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NUMBER 604

Thin-Trim variable capacitors pro· vide a reliable means of adjusting capacitance without abrasive trim· ming or interchange of fixed capacitors. Series 9401 has high Q's and a range of capacitance values from 0.2·0.6 pf to 3. 0 -12.0 pf and 250 WVDC working voltage. Johanson Manufacturing Corporation, Boonton, New Jersey (201) 334-2676.
INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NUMBER 607

Free Applications Booklet-" Group Delay Equalization In Communications Systems". This comprehensive manual, prepared by SEG's Equalizer Design Dept., features useful applications information as well as a tutroial look at the design of equalizers and their functions. SEG Electronics Corp. 120-30 Jamaica Ave., Richmond Hill, N.Y. 11418 (212) 441-3200.
INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NUMBER 602

Where new high security starts, at low , lock·and ·

key prices . We introduce the AMP 130 Security

Card Reader-a high reliability, low.cost first . It

could revolutionize your thinking in large .volume

access-control applications-hotels, motels , of-

fices, computer peripherals . Or in timekeeping ,

personnel identification , factory -control equipment,

etc . No external power, no complex mechanisms-

operates with
3318' punched

the insertion of a standard 2'/8 card . Has a maximum capacity of

x 80

bits. Never needs adjustment or prev'entive mainte-

nance. Compact , ru gged, built to withstand a lot of

use· abuse. AMP Capitron ·Division , Elizabethtown,

Pa . 17022 . (717) · 367 -1105.

INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NUMBER 605

POWER/ MATE COSlll
Free catalog of 34,500 power sup· plies from the worlds largest manu· facturer of quality Power Supplies. New '74 catalog covers over 34,500 D.C . Power Supplies for every ap· plication. All units are UL approved, and meet most military and commercial specs for industrial and computer uses. Power Mate Corp. (201) 343-6294.
INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NUMBER 608

HIGH Q MULTILAYER CAPACITORS
feature very high quality factors at microwave frequencies . Offered in I three standard sizes: .050 x .040, .080 x .050, .125 x .095 . Capaci tance values from 0.1 pf to 1000 pf with close tolerance and voltages to 1000 VDCW. Johanson/Monolithic Dielectrics Div., Box 6456, Burbank, Ca . 91510, (213) 848-4465 .
INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NUMBER 603

Overcurrent Protector, manual reset
eliminates fuse replacement. Con venient panel mounting. 15 fractional ratings from 0.1 to 3 amp.
Other models up to 400 amp. Tripfree and fool -proof, UL and CSA ap-
proved . High quality, low cost $1.29
ea . in 1000 lots. E-T-A Products Co . of America , 7400 N. Croname Rd .,
Chicago, Ill. 60648. Tel: (312) 647· 8303 . Telex: 253780.
INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NUMBER 606

Low Cost Function Generator, Model 5800; sine, square and triangle wave· forms from 0.2Hz to 2MHz. 15 volts p-p outputs, 50 ohm output. Dlstor· tion typically less than .3%. 1000:1 tuning dial covers audio range on one band. Aux. output square wave. Hite Corp . 580 Mass. Ave., Cam bridge, MA 02139 (617) 491-3211. MA 02139 (617) 491-3211.
INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NUMBER 609

/What is your future

in E/E engineering'?

IEEE Manpower Reports

help guide you to career success-to take advantace of favorable, offset un-

\..favorable, employment trends.

...)

advertiser's index

IEEE Manpower Report 1974
YOUR JOB IN E/E ENGINEERING
This new and comprehensive analysis includes summary responses to the IEEE Employment Practices Questionnaire plus government, industry, and educational current policies and practices and probable future trends, and much more. EH01008. $15 .00/$10.00
IEEE Manpower Report 1974
A STUDENT REVIEW
An edited version, for engineering students, of YOUR JOB IN E/E ENGINEERING. EH01032 . $2 .50 / $1.85. Bulk orders for 10 or more copies are priced at $1.00 per copy.
IEEE Manpower Monograph
LONG-RANGE FORECASTING OF MANPOWER REQUIREMENTS
A concise development of an integrated, interindustry manpower forecasting model-the latest advance in the state of the art of manpower planning. For rea d ers seriously invo lv.ed in the subject . EH01016. $1 2. 50 / $10.00
IEEE Manpower Report 1973
CAREER OUTLOOK IN ENGINEERING
This nuts-and-bolts report describes factors at work in salary struct u r ing, job-opening trends, experience advantages, employment distribution in E/ E-related industries, and more. EH00893. $15.00 / $10.00
IEEE Manpower Report 1973
CAREER OUTLOOK FOR E/E STUDENTS
An edited version , for engineering students, of CAREER OUTLOOK IN ENGINEERING. EH00976. $2 .50 / $1.85. Bulk orders for 10 01 more co pies are priced at $1.00 per copy .

National Socio-Economic Data Base Conference-1974
THE MEASUREMENT AND FORECASTING OF PROFESSIONAL ENGINEERING RESOURCES
This survey and critique of existing U.S. Government engineering manpower data bases also includ es the IEEE position paper on a national engineering data base, plus a new IEEE listing of E/E engineering occupational titles w ith proposed descriptions. EH01024. $7.50/$5.00

IEEE 1972 U.S. SALARY AND FRINGE BENEFIT SURVEY
An a nalysis of 43.471 responses t o questions on corporate pension provisions, insurance,
severance pay, vacations and holidays, contributions to continu ing education , and much more. EH00455 . $50.00/ $25.00

ECONOMIC CONDITIONS IN THE U.S. IN THE ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS INDUSTRIES
A comprehensive study of probable engineering supply and demand condition s throughout the seventies, with recommendations for U.S. Government action to improve the engineer· ing climate . EH00299. $12 .00 / $6.00

IEEE member discount prices are shown above In boldface type. Members must Include IEEE number wltll order.

HOW TO ORDER: Please make check payable to fEEE end be sure to print both book title and book Order Code Number. New Jersey relidents please add 5% state sales tax. Send order with payment to: IEEE Services, Dept. M.-,8, 445 H - Lane, Piscataway, N.J. 08854

Advertiser

Page

ACDC Electronics, Inc.................... ... 13 AMP, Inc. ................................ ... ....... 101 Alco Electronic Products, Inc...... .. _ 90 Amphenol RF Division, The
Bunker-Ramo Corporation ............ 31 Analogic Corporation ........................ 33 Arrow-M Corp. ................ ..... .......... ... 53 Art Wire & Stamping Co. ..... ........... 88 Astrodyne Inc..................................... 89

Belden Corporation .......... .... .......... 10, 11 Bell Industries, J. W. Miller
Company ...... .......... .......................... 86
*Bishop Graphics, lnc...................... .48A Burr-Brown Resea rch Corporation.... 18

C-Itoh Electronics, Inc. .................... 94 Cela nese Pl astics Company .............. 23 Ceramic Systems ... .... ..... ................... . 97
C ircuit Stik, Inc. ---------···-···-·-·····-····-·· IOI Computer Products, Inc................ ..... 99 Continental Connector Corporation.. 22 Continental Specialties Corporation.. 99 Coto Coil Company, Inc................. 100 Curtis Industries, Inc........................... 65

Data Precision Corporation................ 17 Delta Products, inc............................. 85 Dialight Corporation .......................... 17 Digital Equipment Corporation..........8, 9 Digitran Company, The...- .......80, 80A-B Disc Instruments Inc........................... 97

E-T-A Products Co. of America ...... 10 I Electro Corporation ............................ 66 Electronic Memories, Commercial
Memory Products .......................... 48 Electronic N avigation Industries........ 82 Electrostatics, Inc. .............................. 104 Elmwood Sensors, Inc......................... 66 Esterl ine Angus Instrument
Corporation .................................... 90

Facit-Addo, Inc. .................................. 45 Fluke Mfg. Co., Inc., John ................ 29 Fuji Electrochemical Co..................... 54

General Automation, Inc................... 77 Gold Book, Tbe................60, 61, 66, 100

HEI, Inc.............................................. . 96 Hamamatsu Corp............................... 93 Harris Publishing Co........................... 49 Harris Semiconductor, A Division
of Harris Corporation.................... 59 Hayden Book Company, Inc. .. .......... 67 Hewlett-Packard ....... .............. ... .. ... .2, 32

IEEE .......... ............................. ............. 102 Instruments for Industry, Inc............. 94 Instrument Specialties Company, Inc. 79 Intech , Incorporated .......................... 84 Intel Corporation ............................... .4, 5 ln tedata ... .......... ...............................14, 15 International Rectifier .. ................... ... 55 Isotronics, Inc. .................................... 87

Advertiser

Page

Janco Corp. .................. ..................... . 93 Joh a nson Manufacturing Corp..... 7, 101 Joh anson Monolithic Dielectrics
Division --·················· -·---··· ····-········ '0 I

Krohn-Hite Corporation --···········-······ '0 I

LH Research, Inc........... ...................... 44

MCL, Inc. ······················ ····-·············-··· 95 M.T.T. Co., Ltd............... ........... .. ....... 90 Magnecraft Electric Company..Cover Ill *M arconi Instruments Limited..........48B Metex Corporation .. ................... ....... 92 Mini-Circuits Laboratory, A Division
of Scientific Components Corp....... 40
Monsanto, U nited Systems Corporation Subsidiary .................. 12
Mostek Corporation .......................... 35 MuRata Corporation of Amer ica 7 1, 93

North Amerioan Phil ips Controls Corp. ·······-························ 52
Ohto Co. Ltd ................... .................... 89
P anasonic Matsushita Electri c............ 75 *Philips Electronic Components
and Materials Division................ .... 23 Pico Electronics, lnc..... ....... .......Cover II
PowerI Mate Corp. ............................ 1OI
Power-One, Inc. ................. .......... .. ... 27 Power Tech, Inc. ······· ----------------········· 39 Precision Monolithics Incorporated . 73 Premier Metal Products Company.... 54 Preston Scientific Inc... ... ........... .......... 46
RCA Solid State ..................... .Cover IV RCL E lectronics, Inc........... ................ 38 RFL Industries, Inc..... .............. .......... 93 Rogan Corporation ............ ................ 66 Rogers Corporation ······--·····--········--··- 'O I Reader Service Card....... .... ... I04A, I04B

S.E.G. Electron ics .............................. 101 Solid State Scientific, Inc.. ............ .. ... 31 Sprague Electric Company... ............... 83 Staver Company, Inc., The ................ 89
TEC, Incorporated .... ........ ... ............. 91 T .R.I. Corporation ............................ .. 98 Tektronix, Inc. ........... ........ .. .. .... ......... 43
Underwriters' Safety Device Company ............ ........ .................... 90
United Systems Corporation, a subsidiary of Monsanto........... ... 12

Vara Semicondu ctor, Inc. ... .... ......... 86 Victor Electric Wire & Cable Corp... 16 Viking Industries, Inc................. ........ 37
Wavetek Indiana Incorporated............ I Woven E lectronics ..................... ......... 6 Zero Manufacturing Co. ·················-·· 32

*Advertisers in non-U.S. Edition.

102

ELECTRONIC DESIGN 2, January 18, 1975

recruitment and classified ads

SAME DAY SHIPMENT Minis & Peripherals
PRINTERS
Some " BRAND NEW"
DATA PRODUCTS
2440- 700 LPM 2470-1250 LPM $9500
MOHAWK DATA SCIENCES 4320-300 LPM 4330-380 LPM
CONTROL DATA CORP. 9322-200 LPM $2500
9352-600 LPM
ALSO CENTRONICS, POTTER, A. B. DICK, IBM, HIS, UNIVAC
617·261-1100
Send for Free Report " Maintenance of Computers"
AMERICAN USED COMPUTER CORP.
P.O. Box 68 , Kenmore Sta. , Boston , MA 02215 membe r
COMPUTER DEALER S ASSOC IATION
CIRCLE NO. 241
HERMETIC SEALING
Connectors · Headers · Relay Bases Terminals · Custom Seals · Testing Glass / Ceramic To Metal · Since 1959
DETORONICS CORPORATION
I 0660 E. Rush o S. El Monte. CA 91 733 <213J 579·7130 o TWK 910587 ·3436
CIRCLE NO . 242

If you are a creative electronics engineer that
doesn't mind rolling up your sleeves to de-
velop and implement ideas, we want to talk
to you.
We need two senior people with minimum requirements of a BSEE degree and 5 years design experience. The persons we are seeking must have digital logic and circuit design experi· ence with a knowledge of TTL, MSI, discrete components and MOS. Additional strength in the field of reliability, failure· analysis, and component selection are necessary for one · of these openings . You must be capable of interfacing with marketing personnel , following through with design and production , and working under pressure at times to produce an international product.
These are not supervisory positions . They are product design positions requiring digital strength with a multi-discipline background .
The openings have excellent growth potential. Starting salary in high teens, but do not apply unless you can meet job description.
If you are interested in pursu ing one of these positions further, send us a complete resume and salary requirements . Your resume will be considered in conf idence.
Manager of Recruiting
Ciiilbarco
A Wholly Owned Subsidiary of EXXON P. 0. Box No. 22087 Greensboro, N. C. 27420
AN EQUAL OPPORTUNITY EMPLOYER M / F

The President's Committee on Employment of the Handicapped
Washington, D.C. 20210
E L ECTRONI C D ESIGN 2, Ja nuary 18, 1975

Help wanted. l»eiy day oftheyear.
+ The.American Red Cross. TheCood Neighbor.
103

J (product index

SINGLES AND DUALS
FULL RATING AT 71°C
SPECIFICATIONS
Size: 7 x 5.5 x 5.5 overall Input : 105-125V, 47-420 Hz Output : Any DC voltage 3 to 30 Regulallen: Line - 0.005%
Load -0.05% Ripple: Less than 500 Microvolts Temp. Operative -20 to +11·c
Storage -65 to +a5°C Coefficient -0.01%/°C Max. Current Limiting: Fixed Foldback Type Overvoltage: Optional

SINGLE OUTPUTS Model Voll·&· Amps 100-5 5.0 10.0 100-10 10.0 8.0 100-12 12.0 7.0 100-15 15.0 6.0 100-24 24 .0 4.0 100-28 28.0 4.0

OUAL OUTPUTS
Model Voll·&· Amps
100-0505 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0
100-1212 12.0 3.5 12.0 3.5
100-1515 15.0 3.0 15.0 3.0
100-2424 24.0 2.0 24 .0 2.0
100-2828 28 .0 2.0 28 .0 2.0

ORDERING INFORMATION

Qu1nli1J Singles oW.vith.·

Du1l1 oW.vith.·

1-9

$72 ea· $78 ea

$85 ea $97 ea

10-14

81 91

25-49

62 67

73 83

50 -99

67 76

100-

53 57

63 72

·o.v. = Overvoltage protection

CALL (714) 279-1414

8 1BGtrdStatiGS.,DOOffiL
77 18 CLAIR[MONT MESA BLVD · SA N DIEGO, CA 92 111

INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NUMBER 87
104

Information Retrieval Service. New Products, Evaluation Samples (ES), Design Aids (DA), ~~plication Notes (AN), and New Literature (NL) in this issue are listed here w1 h page and Information Retrieval numbers. Reader requests will be promptly processed by computer and mailed to the manufacturer within three days.