Contents
Guide Part 2
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Access point centric test profile means that all individual active tests are run against an access
point at once. After all active tests of the profile are run against the access point, the profile
proceeds to test against the next access point. Access point centric profile can be configured
so that all active tests are run within a single association with the access point. This helps
reducing workload of authentication servers.
If the test profile introduced in the previous chapter would be access point centric, the
execution order of the tests would be the following:
Table 9: Test execution order on access point centric test profile
Attach AP1
Attach AP1
Attach AP1
Attach AP2
Ping AP1
TCP download AP1
TCP upload AP1
Ping AP2
Detach AP1
Detach AP1
Detach AP1
Detach AP2
Attach AP2
Attach AP2
Attach AP3
Attach AP3
TCP download AP2
TCP upload AP2
Ping AP3
TCP Download AP3
Detach AP2
Detach AP2
Detach AP3
Detach AP3
Attach AP1
Attach AP1
Ping AP1
MOS uplink AP1
Detach AP1
Detach AP1
Attach AP3
TCP upload AP3
Managed scan
Detach AP3
Attach AP1
Attach AP2
Attach AP2
Attach AP2
MOS downlink AP1
Ping AP2
MOS uplink AP2
MOS downlink AP2
Detach AP1
Detach AP2
Detach AP2
Detach AP2
Attach AP3
Attach AP3
Attach AP3
Ping AP3
MOS uplink AP3
MOS downlink AP3
Detach AP3
Detach AP3
Detach AP3
Noise monitor
As it can be seen, now the execution order of the tests differs from the execution order of test
centric profile. All active tests are run in a row for each access point.
If the profile is configured to remain associated between tests, the monitoring station does not
detach from the access point after a test but remains associated until the test profile proceeds
to a next access point or a passive test.
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17.4.2 Access point centric Test Profiles
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Attach AP1
Ping AP1
Attach AP2
TCP download AP1
TCP upload AP1
Ping AP2
Detach AP1
Attach AP3
TCP download AP2
TCP upload AP2
Ping AP3
TCP Download AP3
Detach AP2
Attach AP1
TCP upload AP3
Managed scan
Ping AP1
MOS uplink AP1
MOS uplink AP2
MOS downlink AP2
Detach AP3
Attach AP2
MOS downlink AP1
Ping AP2
Detach AP1
Detach AP2
Attach AP3
Ping AP3
MOS uplink AP3
MOS downlink AP3
Noise monitor
Detach AP3
17.5 Operations on templates
Templates are for copying and editing. There are two different supported methods for that,
“Duplicate” to make a fresh copy of the sample profile and “Copy as essid” that adds the
template profile to an existing test profile.
17.5.1 Duplicate
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Select “Manage | Test Profiles” to open the management tree on the left.
Choose the appropriate template and right-click for the submenu.
Select “Duplicate” to open the Test Profile pane.
Give a name to the new Test Profile.
Bound Tests window is for informative purposes here only. Editing if desired is
available later.
6. Select “Execution mode”. Access point centric execution mode also allows the
monitoring station to remain associated between (active) tests.
7. In “Common Values” one may enter test parameters that apply to every test in the
profile.
8. Saving options
a. Select “Cancel Changes” to undo changes.
b. Select “Keep Changes to save the intermediate work.
c. Select “Save All Changes” to finalize the work on this pane.
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Table 10: Test execution order on access point centric test profile, remain associated
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The pre-requisite here is to have existing test profiles that shall be the target for pasting all
elements in the template. This is one form of cut&paste operation.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Select “Manage | Test Profiles” to open the management tree on the left
Choose the appropriate template and right-click for the submenu
Select “Copy as essid” (no visible results)
Right-click on Test Profile icon and select “Insert essid” to open essid pane on the right
Insert an existing essid name
Optionally, insert other common parameters in the table “Common Values”
Select “Save All Changes” to insert the test elements in the template to the test profile
as individual essid. All tests under the essid contain the same parameters, such as
Sonar etc.
17.6 Operation on Test Element
17.6.1 Copy element
The pre-requisite here is to have existing test profiles that shall be the target for pasting this
test element. This is one form of cut&paste operation.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Select “Manage | Test Profiles” to open the management tree on the left
Choose one of the test elements and right-click
Select “Copy element” (no visible results)
Paste the element by choosing “Paste testprofile element” available on the right-click
a. If the target is a Test Profile icon, the element shall be the last one in that
profile
b. If the target is an essid inside a test profile, the element shall be the last one
for that essid.
5. Repeat step 2-4 until the test profile is according the expectations.
17.6.2 Configure Ethernet test
An active test can be configured to be run via Ethernet interface of the monitoring station. This
can be configured on Test Element level:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Select “Manage | Test Profiles” to open the management tree on the left
Choose one of the test elements and right-click
Select “Edit”
In the dialog, change “WLAN” to “Ethernet” on NetworkInterfaceType row.
Select “Save All Changes”
17.7 Operations on Test Profile Node
Save All Changes
Any change in the sub-tree shall be made persistent.
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17.5.2 Copy as essid
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A new test profile object to the tree shall be inserted. The only input required is the name of
the profile and the execution mode.
17.8 Operations on Test Profile
Edit
Open a pane with “Common Values” and “Name” field ready for editing. “Bound Tests”
remains read-only, the elements are managed in the tree.
Duplicate
Create identical test profile with a new name. It is possible to change top-level parameters on
the same pane. This option enables easy creation of test profiles with similar test elements to
another link.
Copy as essid
Copies the contents of a test profile to be pasted to another profile as essid object.
Remove
Removes the object.
Bound Eyes
Shows the monitoring stations that are using this profile.
Paste test profile element
Paste previously copied test profile element as the last element in the profile.
Save
Make the changes in the sub-objects persistent.
Insert Essid
Paste previously copied essid into this profile as the last element.
Insert New Essid
Create a new empty essid into this profile as the last element.
Export
Export test profile content in text file.
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Add empty Test Profile
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Edit
Open a pane with “Common Values” and “Name” field ready for editing.
Copy
Enable pasting of the object.
Paste test profile element
Paste previously copied test profile element as the last element in the profile.
Remove
Deletes the object.
17.10 On test elements
Each test has default parameters, which can be used as is or modified as needed. To obtain the
best results and find the best measurement methods for a target network, plan and configure
the tests to suit the network.
A test profile must be configured for each monitoring station separately. The same profile can
be used in several monitoring stations.
17.10.1 Modifying test parameter and test name
If you wish to modify individual tests, see the instructions below. For each test, do the
following:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Select the test from the profile and right-click the test
Select “Edit”
If desired, change test name (for example, for distinguishing Ethernet tests)
If desired, set the test duration (in seconds)
a. The test duration does not affect the running of the test; however, if the test
type is temporarily removed from the test set, the time specified is spent in
sleep mode, depending on the configuration
5. For some tests you may also do the following:
a. Select the interval, or the pause between pings
b. Select Sonar
c. Select SIP server (if SIP register test is configured)
d. Select an access point
e. Select an IP address (non DHCP only)
f. Select a net mask (non DHCP only)
g. Select a default gateway (non DHCP only)
h. Select the number of bytes to be downloaded/uploaded
i. Select the number of repetitions
j. Select the client’s IP address policy:
i. DHCP in use (1)
ii. Static address (0) – enter address data
k. Select network interface type: WLAN or Ethernet
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17.9 Operations on essid inside a test profile
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17.10.2 Disabling and enabling test elements
A test element within test profile can be disabled. This means that the test is excluded from
the test profile and the test won’t be run until it is enabled again. Disabled and enabled test
profile elements can be identified by their colors (see beginning of the chapter 17).
How to disable a test element:
1. Select the test element from the profile and right-click
2. Select “Disable element”
How to enable a test element:
1. Select the test element from the profile and right-click
2. Select “Enable element”
17.10.3 Use case: Multiple SSID testing
There are two ways to achieve testing on multiple networks on one single monitoring station.
The first is based on element copying (the previous paragraph) and the other is using copies of
essid objects.
Using copies of elements may be burdensome at the configuration time but gives control over
the test order. By copying one single element (test type) to be sequentially tested on different
WLANs produces the following sample profile:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
TCP on Wlan1
TCP on Wlan2
TCP on Wlan3
Spectrum
MOS on Wlan1
MOS on Wlan2
MOS on Wlan3
Scan
The other approach is the create a simple test sequence as essid and then duplicate the essid
object and make the duplicates to point to different WLANs. The resulting sample test profile
would be similar to the following:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
TCP on Wlan1
MOS on Wlan1
Spectrum
TCP on Wlan2
MOS on Wlan2
Scan
TCP on Wlan3
MOS on Wlan3
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6. Select “Keep changes”
7. Select “Save all changes”
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When planning the test cycles, one should bear in mind:
•
The more tests there are in the sequence, the bigger the difference in sample
distribution.
•
The more networks, the fewer samples for individual networks.
17.11 Running Test Profiles
Select “Tools | Automated tests management” to see current status of Eye units.
Figure 35: Automated tests management view
The Eyes of the user context are enlisted in the box on the right. The Eye name, the test profile
name and the state of the test profile run are indicated.
By selecting one of the Eyes brings additional information such as the run time and test profile
content on the left.
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Please observe that in the latter approach the measurements on a single WLAN network shall
be sparser temporally. While individual tests shall happen on roughly the same time interval,
the distribution of the samples per network differs a great deal on these two approaches.
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Each automated test produces measurement data for one or more KPIs. The following table
represents which automated test produces data for which KPI.
Table 11: Test profile elements and KPIs
Test profile element
KPIs
Surveillance
CL001
Network Scan
AV001
AV004
AV009-AV011
QURS004
QURS010
AV001
AV008
AV009
QURS002
QURS003
QURS010
AC001
AC002
AC004-AC014
AV002
QUAP032
QURT004
QURT007
AC001
AC002
AC004-AC014
AV002
QUAP007
QUAP028
QUAP031
QUAP032
QUFR070-QUFR081
QUFR118-QUFR129
QUIP013
QUAP040-QUAP045
RE020-RE022
AC001
AC002
AC004-AC014
AV002
QUAP001
QUAP002
QUAP011
QUAP012
QUAP016
QUAP019
QUAP032
QUAP037
Managed AP scan
Ping
Http
SIPRegister
TCP upload
TCP download
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17.12 Automated tests and KPIs
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Noise monitor
Access point traffic
Spectrum analysis
Air utilization
Access point radio environment
Access point traffic + collect frame details
option
QUFR034- QUFR069
QUFR118-QUFR129
QUIP005
QUIP006
QURS026-QURS032
RE001
RE002
RE004
AC001
AC002
AC004-AC014
AV002
QUAP005
QUAP006
QUAP013
QUAP015
QUAP022
QUAP025
QUAP032-QUAP036
QUFR082-QUFR129
RE005
RE011
RE012
QURS001
QURS004-QURS008
TR001-TR003
TR012-TR015
TR018-TR023
SP001-SP004
TR030-TR040
TR138
TR050-TR060
TR100-TR137
TR140-TR145
TR200- TR331
TR400-TR473
TR500-TR573
TR600-TR673
TR700-TR709
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VoIP MOS
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Manual tests can run simultaneously with automated testing. Sapphire will perform ongoing
automated test first and then run user defined manual test. Automated test will continue after
manual test has been finished.
Manual test results will not be saved to database.
18.1 Session events
Session events can be shown from active tests (i.e. tests in which the monitoring station
associates with an access point). If the test supports session events, the test dialog contains
“Session events” button.
Figure 36: Session events
Session events describe time line and state of the radio link. Typical session event list can be
seen in the figure above. The columns of the session event table are the following:
Time: When the action resulted the event occurred
Event: Type of the event. Possible actions resulting a session event are the following:
o Scan started: The monitoring station has started to scan an access point
o Authentication started: The monitoring station has started to authenticate
itself to an access point
o Authentication: The monitoring station has authenticated itself to an access
point
o Association started: The monitoring station has started to associate with the
access point.
o Association: The monitoring station has associated with the access point
o Connect: Radio link is ready
o Connection complete: Radio link and authentication are complete
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18 MANUAL TESTS
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Deauthentication: Monitoring station has deauthenticated itself from the
access point
o Disconnect: Monitoring station has disconnected itself from the access point
o Information: Various types of information events
State: State change
CTRL-EVENT-*: Internal supplicant events related to e.g. EAP
authentication.
Source: Source MAC address causing the event. Either the MAC address of the
monitoring station or the access point.
Target: Destination MAC address causing the event. Either the MAC address of the
monitoring station or the access point.
Status: Status of the operation. Status or reason code defined by the 802.11 standard.
18.2 Network scan test
The network scan test can also be used as a separate test outside initial deployment. The
deployment is described in the previous section of this guide.
To scan the network, do the following:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
In the Network topology, select the Eye you want to use for scanning the network
Right-click and select “Network Scan”; a test window is displayed in the right pane
Select the test duration from the pull-down menu
If you want to view information about each antenna, select “Show detailed results”
a. If this checkbox is selected, the results window has a separate line for each
antenna, which might make the window’s content more difficult to read
If you want to see compass heading from which the access point was heard, select
“Show antenna headings”15
Select the scan directions – i.e., directional antennas15
Select the channels to scan
Select “Scan”
The results are displayed in a table
Figure 37: Wireless network scan test
15
Antenna selection is not possible in Soft and Micro Eyes. Only one antenna is available.
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The information in the table can be edited. Remember to save the changes.
• “Manage”: The management status: the managing status of a monitoring station
against this access point can be changed
• “Selected Ant”: Selected antenna – you can change the antenna used by the Eye to
monitor the access point16
o We recommend that you compare the signal levels received very thoroughly
o We recommend that you perform the antenna selection test if anything is
even slightly unclear
MAC
hidden
Figure 38: Selecting managing role for an access point
Options for processing the results:
• “Save” saves the information in the table to the Carat system.
• “Columns” select the visible columns; the table might be easier to read if you hide
unnecessary columns
• “Export” exports a text file to the local file system – you can enter the location in the
dialog that appears after you click “Export” – which is a handy feature for comparison
of results obtained at different times
18.3 Client scan test
You can scan for preconfigured clients by their MAC address.
1.
2.
3.
4.
16
In the Network topology, select the Eye you want to use for scanning the network
Right-click and select “Active Tests | Client Scan”
Enter the scan duration under “Scan interval”
Select the scan directions – i.e., antenna lobes16
Only one antenna can be selected in Soft and Micro Eyes
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After the network scan, you can verify the suitability of the selected antenna by
running the antenna selection test.
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Select channel widths
Select the channels to scan
Select “Scan”
The results are displayed in a table:
a. The MAC address of the scanned devices that transmitted during the test
b. The noise level and signal strength, by antenna
MAC
hidden
Figure 39: Client scan results
9. Select “Save”; the clients detected remain in the table
10. You can enter a friendly name and description for each user; this name will be
displayed in future results instead of the MAC address
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5.
6.
7.
8.
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Figure 40: Saving client scan results as network clients
11. Select “Save” to save the friendly names and descriptions
The data can be viewed and edited.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
From the top menu bar, select “Manage | Network clients”
To change the information, select the MAC address or name
Right-click and select “Edit”
Edit the information
Select “Save”
MAC
hidden
Figure 41: Editing network client
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MAC
hidden
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1. From the top menu bar, select “Manage | Network clients”
2. In the hierarchical tree in the left pane, right-click the topmost element, titled
“Network clients”
3. Select “Add”
4. Enter a MAC alias for the client
5. Enter a user’s name, if known
6. Enter a description (optional)
7. Enter the client’s MAC address
8. Click “Save”
To add several clients at once, select “Import network clients” in step 3. This option imports a
text file from the Carat server’s file system. The file format is as follows:
field
explanation
example
MAC
MAC address,
required
complete
description
omitted
partial
Name
User
Description
MAC alias,
Client user if
Client description
(optional)
known (optional) (optional)
A:B:C:D,pda,Pda User, personal digital assistant
A:B:C:D,officeLaptop,J.D.,
A:B:C:D,barCodeReader, ,
The “Export network clients” function creates a corresponding file in the Carat server’s file
system.
18.4 Spectrum Analyzer17
The monitoring station supports frequency-sweep-based radio spectrum analysis. The
frequency status is displayed as a colored map.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
In the Network topology, select the Eye that will run the test
Right-click and select “Spectrum Analysis”
Select the test duration from the pull-down menu
Select the antennas to be used in the test by selecting their respective checkboxes
Select “Scan”
For the results, see the figure below:
17
Not available in Soft and Micro Eyes
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18.3.1 Adding a new client
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Figure 42: Spectrum analyzer result
18.5 Noise monitor test18
You can measure the noise levels surrounding the monitoring station.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
In the Network topology, select the Eye that will run the test
Right-click and select “Noise Monitor”
Select the scan directions – i.e., directional antennas19
Select the channels to scan
Select “Execute”
The results are displayed in a table as seen below
To view the results in a graphical view, click “Show graph”
18
Might not be available in Soft and Micro Eyes. Noise reporting support depends on features of WLAN
network interface.
19
Only one antenna available in Soft and Micro Eyes
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Figure 43: Noise monitor test
18.6 Air utilization test
To capture spectrum heavy-users and misconfigurations – such as extensive use of legacy
codecs - in the WLAN network, air utilization test should be run. This test is not part of the
default test profiles as it is lengthy troubleshoot test. Special attention to the test parameters
is required as the maximum runtime is easily very high. One should check the “aggregate time”
box for an estimate.
Figure 44: Air utilization test parameters
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The results are shown in a table that has each antenna/channel combination as one row. By
activating a row on the table with the mouse, detailed results about used bitrates and frame
statistics are shown on the right side of the dialog.
Figure 45: Air utilization rest result
Graphical representation can be shown by clicking “Show graph” button:
Figure 46: Air utilization test result graph
Antenna/channel row is presented in a pie-chart form that show frame type distribution on
the left and codec distribution on the right.
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To run the test:
1. Select antennas, at least one must be selected.
2. Select channel width
3. Select the desired channels with the check-boxes.
4. Select the channel widths for the test (802.11n feature)
5. Select the time – in seconds – to listen to each selected channel on each selected
antenna.
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The antenna test is used to verify the suitability of the selected antenna. Because
of reflections, the network scan can show similar results for different antennas.
However, during transmission of data to an access point, the differences between
antennas become significant. This test is worth running if more than one antenna
shows similar results.
1. In the Network topology, select
a. the Eye that will run the test
i. Right-click and select “Manual Tests | Optimal Antenna Selection”
ii. Select an access point
b. Or an access point through which the test will be run
i. Right-click and select “Manual Tests | Optimal Antenna Selection”
2. Select the Sonar against which you want to run the test, or type another IP address
3. Select the Eye’s IP address (DHCP or static)
a. If static, enter the (1) local IP address, (2) local net mask, and (3) gateway
4. Set up the test options:
a. Select the amount of data transferred at one time
b. Select the antennas to be used in the test
5. Select “Execute”. Test progress information can be seen in the “Test progress” area.
6. The results are displayed in a table as seen below
7. If an antenna gives better results than the currently used antenna, select the better
antenna for monitoring. Select “Change and save antenna” to save the new antenna
selection.
20
Not available in Soft and Micro Eyes
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18.7 Optimal antenna selection test20
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Figure 47: Optimal antenna selection test
18.8 Download tests
This test gives an indication of an access point’s TCP or UDP downlink capacity.
1. In the Network topology, select
a. the Eye that will run the test
i. Right-click and select ”Manual tests”
ii. From the submenu select either “TCP Download Test” or “UDP
Download Test”
iii. Select an access point
b. Or an access point through which the test will be run 21
i. Right-click and select ”Manual tests”
ii. From the submenu select either “TCP Download Test” or “UDP
Download Test”
2. Specify whether you want to run the test against a Sonar or another target
3. Select the Sonar against which you want to run the test, or type another IP address
4. Select test type, WLAN or Ethernet
5. Select the Eye’s IP address (DHCP or static) 22
a. If static, enter the (1) local IP address, (2) local net mask, and (3) gateway
6. Set up the test options
a. Select the amount of data transferred at one time
b. (UDP only): Packet size to be used (small = 256, medium = 1024, large = 32768
bytes)
21
22
Meaningless if Ethernet test is chosen.
Only if WLAN test is chosen.
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You can change how the test result is shown even after the test is executed.
Figure 48: TCP download test
18.9 Upload tests
This test gives an indication of an access point’s TCP uplink capacity.
1. In the Network topology, select
a. the Eye that will run the test
i. Right-click and select ”Manual tests”
ii. From the submenu select either “TCP Upload Test” or “UDP Upload
Test”
iii. Select an access point from the pull-down menu
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c. (UDP only): Sender (Sonar) port. Default 0 means that system shall allocate
used ports. User-given port overrides this setting. Please observe possible
firewall settings.
d. (UDP only): Receiver (Eye) port. Default 0 means that system will allocate used
ports. User-given port overrides this setting. Please observe possible firewall
settings.
e. Select the display format for the results
f. Select how many times the test is to be run
7. Select “Execute”. Test progress information can be seen in the “Test progress” area.
8. The results are displayed in a table as shown below
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You can change how the test results are shown even after the test is executed.
23
24
Meaningless of Ethernet test is chosen.
Only if WLAN test is chosen.
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b. Or an access point through which the test will be run 23
i. Right-click and select ”Manual tests”
ii. From the submenu select either “TCP Upload Test” or “UDP Upload
Test”
2. Select the Sonar against which you want to run the test, or type another IP address
3. Select test type, WLAN or Ethernet
4. Select the Eye’s IP address (DHCP or static)24
a. If static, enter the (1) local IP address, (2) local net mask, and (3) gateway
5. Set up the test options:
a. Select the amount of data from the pull-down menu
b. (UDP only): Packet size to be used (small = 256, medium = 1024, large = 32768
bytes)
c. (UDP only): Sender (Eye) port. Default 0 means that system will allocate ports
.User-given port overrides this setting. Please observe possible firewall
settings.
d. (UDP only): Receiver (Sonar) port. Default 0 means that system shall allocate
used ports. User-given port overrides this setting. Please observe possible
firewall settings.
e. Specify how many times the test is to be run
f. Select the display format for the results from the pull-down menus
g. Select the traffic classes to use (licensed products only)
6. Select “Execute”. Test progress information can be seen in the “Test progress” area.
The results are displayed in a table as seen below.
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Figure 49: TCP upload test
18.10 Ping test
A ping test tests the accessibility of a device, the number of packets sent and received, and
latency time.
1. In the Network topology, select
a. the Eye that will run the test
i. Right-click and select ”Manual tests | Ping test”
ii. Select an access point from the pull-down menu
b. Or an access point through which the test will be run 25
i. Right-click and select ”Manual tests | Ping Test”
2. Select the Sonar against which you want to run the test, or type another IP address
3. Select test type, WLAN or Ethernet
4. Select the Eye’s IP address (DHCP or static)26
a. If static, enter the (1) local IP address, (2) local net mask, and (3) gateway
5. Set up the test options:
a. Select the size for the ping packet
b. Select the waiting time between ping tests (in milliseconds)
c. Select the waiting time (in seconds) before termination of a test that does not
progress
d. Specify how many pings will be send.
e. Select the display format for the results from the pull-down menus
6. Select the traffic classes to use (licensed products only) – note that it is not
recommended to use traffic classes in a ping test
25
26
Meaningless if Ethernet test is chosen
Only if WLAN test is chosen.
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18 7signal solution
You can change how the test results are shown even after the test is executed.
Figure 50: Ping test
18.11 Trace route test
This test helps one perform network troubleshooting and identify routing problems or
firewalls that may be blocking access to a host.
1. In the Network topology, select
a. the Eye that will run the test
i. Right-click and select ”Manual tests | Traceroute Test”
ii. Select an access point from the pull-down menu
b. Or an access point through which the test will be run27
i. Right-click and select ”Manual tests | Traceroute Test”
2. Select the Sonar against which you want to run the test, or type another IP address
3. Select test type, WLAN or Ethernet
4. Select the Eye’s IP address (DHCP or static) 28
a. If static, enter the (1) local IP address, (2) local net mask, and (3) gateway
5. Set up the test options:
a. Minimum TTL: minimum number of devices/hops to try
27
28
Meaningless if Ethernet test is chosen.
Only if WLAN test is chosen.
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7. Select “Execute”. Test progress information can be seen in the “Test progress” area.
The results are displayed in a report as seen below.
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Maximum TTL: maximum number of devices/hops to try
Queries per hop: how many times a device/hop is tried
Timeout: how long to wait before giving up on a device/hop
Test timeout: how long the test is allowed to be run at maximum (useful if
there is a risk that the destination Sonar is unreachable)
6. Select the traffic classes to use (licensed products only)
7. Select “Execute”. Test progress information can be seen in “Test progress” area
The results are displayed in a report as seen below.
Note: You can change the report type even after the test is executed
Figure 51: Traceroute test
18.12 Access point traffic test
This test listens to radio traffic in the Sapphire Eye’s coverage area and gathers many kinds of
information.
1. In the Network topology, select the Eye that will run the test
2. Right-click and select ”Manual tests | Access Point Traffic Test”
Note: This test is among the active tests since it requires you to select a target access
point
3. Select the target access points from the table
4. Select the listening time (in seconds)
5. Select “Execute”
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b.
c.
d.
e.
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Figure 52: Access point traffic test
The results are displayed in a table as seen above – the tree view in the table shows the access
point as the root node, and the heard clients under it; for more information, move the mouse
cursor over the individual items in the tree or, to display even more details and a graphical
view, click an item in the tree.
MAC hidden
Figure 53: Access point traffic - client codec and radio characteristics
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This test creates a VoIP call between Sapphire Eye and Sonar. Both uplink and downlink call
quality can be measured.
1. In the Network topology, select
a. the Eye that will run the test
i. Right-click and select ”Manual tests | VoIP MOS test”
ii. Select an access point from the pull-down menu
b. Or an access point through which the test will be run29
i. Right-click and select ”Manual tests | VoIP MOS Test”
2. Select the Sonar against which you want to run the test
3. Select test type, WLAN or Ethernet
4. Select the Eye’s IP address (DHCP or static) 30
a. If static, enter the (1) local IP address, (2) local net mask, and (3) gateway
5. Configure the test data (see separate instructions)
6. Select “Execute”. Test progress information can be seen in “Test progress” area
Figure 54: VoIP MOS test
18.13.1 MOS test parameters
1. Select the initial display format for the results (Table/Graph)
2. Select the direction of the test (Downlink/Uplink)
3. Select the codec to be used in the test (VoIP Codec):
a. G.711 PCM Linear 16 = 64 kbit/s
b. G.729 GSM data = 8 kbit/s
4. Select an optional error correction method (Stream FEC)
29
30
Meaningless if Ethernet test is chosen.
Only if WLAN test is chosen.
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18.13 MOS test
95
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18.13.2 MOS test result
Sample result set:
Figure 55: VoIP MOS test result graphs (top)
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5. Configure sender information:
a. Enter a port for the MOS test (Local port, 0 means port allocated by the
system)
b. Enter the test duration in seconds (Send time)
c. Enter the packet interval in milliseconds (Stream interval)
d. Enter the packet size in bytes (Packet size)
e. Enter the sampling window size in seconds (Sampling interval)
6. Configure the receiver information:
a. Enter a port for the MOS test (Receiver port, 0 means port allocated by the
system)
b. Enter the receiving window size in seconds (Window size)
c. Enter the sampling interval in seconds (Sampling Interval)
d. Enter the size of the dejittering buffer (Dejittering Buffer)
e. Enter the connection timeout in milliseconds (Timeout)
7. Enter the traffic class (licensed feature only)
8. Select “Execute”. Test progress information can be seen in “Test progress” area.
9. The results are displayed in a new window in the selected format
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Figure 56: VoIP MOS test result graphs (bottom)
Elements of the results image:
• MOS result: The distribution of MOS values related to test duration. The color coding
indicates quality.
• Loss Rate: Packet loss as a function of test duration.
• Average Jitter: Variation in delay as a function of test duration.
• Codec: The distribution of codecs used during the test. If only one result is visible, the
codec was not changed during the test.
• Levels: Signal and noise levels during the test, averaged over the duration of the test.
• SNR: Signal/noise ratio during the test, averaged over the duration of the test.
Table 12: MOS values
Test result
Excellent
Good
Fair
Poor
Bad
In practice, the supported codec’s can reach MOS scores that are slightly above 4.
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This test is used for “downloading” actual WWW-pages.
Figure 57: Web page download test
To run the web page download test:
1. In the Network topology, select
a. the Eye that will run the test
i. Right-click and select ”Manual tests | Web page download test”
ii. Select an access point from the pull-down menu
b. Or an access point through which the test will be run 31
i. Right-click and select ”Manual tests | Web page download test”
2. Select test type, WLAN or Ethernet
a. If Ethernet test is chosen, DNS server IP address must be entered manually
3. Select the Eye’s IP address (DHCP or static) 32
a. If static, enter the (1) local IP address, (2) local net mask, (3) gateway, (4) DNS
server IP address
4. Choose URL from the box
a. To add a URL
i. Write a well-formed and proper address to the input box
ii. Select “Add URL”
b. To remove a URL
i. Activate the URL to be removed with a right-click
ii. Select “Remove URL”
5. Select “Execute”. Test progress information can be seen in “Test progress” area.
31
32
Meaningless if Ethernet test is chosen.
Only if WLAN test is chosen.
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18.14 Web page download test
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18.15 Internet Availability test
This is an infrastructure test that reflects how well a WLAN or Ethernet client (Eye monitoring
station) is able to utilize the Internet. The test includes the following steps:
- radio link setup (WLAN only)
- WLAN authentication (WLAN only)
- DHCP service (WLAN only)
- Gateway pinging
- DNS server checks
- DNS name resolves
If the monitoring station passes all the phases of the test, it is justified to assume that the
internet use is in general fully functional.
Figure 58: Internet availability test
To run the Internet availability test:
1. In the Network topology, select
a. the Eye that will run the test
i. Right-click and select ”Manual tests | Internet Availability test”
ii. Select an access point from the pull-down menu
b. Or, directly, an access point through which the test will be run 33
i. Right-click and select ”Manual tests | Internet Availability test”
2. Select test type, WLAN or Ethernet
33
Meaningless if Ethernet test is chosen.
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The result marks whether the download was successful (protocol errors or not), the download
time and the downloaded byte count.
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The result-set is three-fold:
1. General results: IP address obtained, attach time, DHCP retrieval time and gateway
address.
2. Status of DNS servers
3. Results of the name resolving.
18.16 SIP Register test
It is possible to run SIP Register test in both unauthorized and authorized mode.
To run the SIP test:
1. In the Network topology, select
a. the Eye that will run the test
i. Right-click and select ”Manual tests | SIP Registration Test”
ii. Select an access point from the pull-down menu
b. Or an access point through which the test will be run36
i. Right-click and select ”Manual tests | SIP Registration Test”
2. Select the SIP server to register to
a. From the pull-down menu
i. SIP end-point has to be defined as a test end-point to be selectable
b. Arbitrary IP address
i. Enter IP address and the port
3. Select test type, WLAN or Ethernet
4. Select an access point37
5. Select the Eye’s IP address (DHCP or static) 38
a. If static, enter the (1) local IP address, (2) local net mask, and (3) gateway
6. Enter the SIP protocol specific parameters
a. Name is mandatory
b. If alone, the test is run as un-authorized
7. Select the WLAN traffic category39
8. Select “Execute”. Test progress information can be seen in “Test progress” area.
34
Only if WLAN test is chosen.
Entering DNS servers are mandatory if Ethernet test is chosen.
36
Meaningless if Ethernet test is chosen.
37
Meaningless if Ethernet test is chosen.
38
Only if WLAN test is chosen.
39
Only if WLAN test is chosen.
35
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3. Select IP address
a. Use DHCP of the WLAN network by checking the box 34
i. DHCP result shall affect other test parameters as the actual servers
shall be dictated by the result and the reliability is expected.
b. Use of static IP address configuration
i. enter the (1) local IP address, (2) local net mask, and (3) gateway
ii. Enter primary DNS server35
iii. Enter secondary DNS server (optional)
iv. Enter tertiary DNS server (optional)
c. Enter 1st network name to be resolved
d. Enter 2nd network name to be resolved (optional)
e. Enter 3rd network name to be resolved (optional)
4. Select “Execute”. Test progress information can be seen in “Test progress” area.
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Figure 59: SIP register test
The test result is two-fold: test setup information and SIP specific.
Test setup information contains:
- attach time
- DHCP retrieval time
- Eye IP address used in WLAN interface
- The gateway
SIP results contain:
- used IEEE802.11e traffic category
- SIP server response for REGISTER: SIP protocol code
- Register time, milliseconds
- Authentication information (optional)
- SIP server response for UNREGISTER: SIP protocol code
- Unregister time, milliseconds
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Packet capture test executes packet capture on selected Eye, and resulted capture file will be
downloaded to PC running the Management GUI. Packet capture can be run either for a
selected access point or with selected antenna, channel and capture filter. Optionally, the
downloaded capture file will be automatically opened in selected packet capture viewer (e.g.
Wireshark)40.
Figure 60: Packet capture test
1. In the Network topology, select the Eye that will run the test
2. Right-click and select “Packet capture”
3. Select capture type: “Capture channel traffic” or “Capture access point traffic”
a. Capture channel traffic
i. Select an antenna41
ii. Select a channel width
iii. Select a channel
iv. Enter capture filter (optional) 42
b. Capture access point traffic
i. Select access point from “Access point: “ drop-down list.
4. Enter capture time (in seconds)
5. Browse the directory to which the capture files will be downloaded.
40
The viewer application must be configured before using this feature. Packet capture viewer
application can be configured in “Edit | Configure tools” dialog.
41
Only one antenna available in Soft and Micro Eyes
42
Standard tcpdump capture filter format is applied.
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18.17 Packet capture test
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Optionally, select “Open after capture” check-box.
Select “Execute packet capture”.
Capture progress can be seen in the progress bar.
After capture is completed, the capture file is available in the selected directory (and
optionally opened with packet capture viewer)
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6.
7.
8.
9.
103
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Service Level Agreement (SLA) groups a number of KPIs and their expected target values. In a
nutshell, typically a KPI has a scalar value while SLA is combination of numerous KPI values and
statistical rules that result in a higher-level view on the quality of the network.
The ultimate goal is to bind together a contractual agreement and actual measurements, the
expression of the desired or required level of the service and the proven real-life phenomena.
As such, the SLA is a communication medium between the service provider and the customer.
The SLA outcome is percentage value and based on user-defined thresholds it is divided into
values green, yellow and red according the three-basket principle. This means that the enduser experience on the WLAN network might remain adequate but the resulting SLA value is
clearly in the red basket.
Related icons
SLA template
SLA KPI definition
SLA group
KPI definition
19.1 Defining a Service Level Agreement into the system
A network service provider can make Service Level Agreements (SLA) with their customers,
defining the level of service provided to the customer. 7signal Sapphire enables users to
monitor the fulfillment of the various performance level guarantees defined in the SLA.
The user may freely choose the performance indicators to be monitored in the
service level agreement, in effect forming out of them an SLA group.
19.2 Defining SLA Key Performance Indicators (KPI)
In 7signal Sapphire an SLA group is formed out of a set of Key Performance Indicators
corresponding to the SLA. The SLA group is bound to a topology element in the monitored
network. If an SLA group is not bound to a topology element, 7signal Sapphire applies the
default SLA group, or if not defined, the SLA limits defined for KPIs in the SLA template.
An SLA group consists of several KPIs which define the boundary values used in monitoring the
fulfillment of the service level agreement.
In the 7signal Sapphire system the boundary values can be set separately for each KPI
contained in the SLA group. Each KPI defines a certain type of boundary value and percentage
values for how many measurement samples may fall outside the defined boundary values
without causing the service level agreement to be considered unfulfilled. The type of the KPI
determines whether measurement samples with values over or under the boundary value are
desired.
Three color coding is used for service levels in the KPIs: green, yellow and red. The percentage
boundaries are defined for green and yellow levels of service.
To attain the green level of service the percentage of measurement samples that fulfill the
boundary value criteria set in the KPI (that is, are over or under the set boundary value,
depending on the type of KPI) must be at least as high as the percentage boundary value set
for the green level in the KPI. If there are too many measurement samples that do not fulfill
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19 SERVICE LEVEL AGREEMENT
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As an example, the table below explains how an SLA value is calculated for Upload Throughput
KPI, its measurement and statistical analysis.
Boundary value
Green level
above 5,5 Mbit/s
99,0%
Yellow level
95,0%
Red level
below 95,0%
The threshold value for KPI.
At least 99,0% of measured samples must attain
an upload throughput of at least 5,5Mbit/s in
order to attain the green level for the KPI in
question.
If the percentage of measured samples that
satisfy the boundary value criteria falls between
95,0% and 99% the yellow level is attained.
If the percentage falls below 95,0% the service
level can be considered unfulfilled.
19.3 Creating an SLA group
An SLA group can be created in one of two ways:
1. By copying an SLA template
2. By creating an empty SLA group and adding to it the desired Key Performance
Indicators
When the desired set of KPIs has been added to the SLA group the KPI boundary values can be
set to match the service levels outlined in the actual Service Level Agreement contract.
19.3.1 Creating an SLA group from a template
Figure 61: Creating SLA group from a template
Create the SLA group as follows:
1. Click on "Manage | SLA definitions" from the top menu bar
2. Open Templates node.
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the boundary value criteria, the service level falls to yellow. The yellow level functions likewise:
if it is not attained, the service level falls to red.
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19.3.2 Creating an SLA group from scratch
The dialog pane is identical to the case of duplicated template. Naturally the contents of the
pane are empty, but the look and the process are identical.
Create the SLA group as follows:
1. Click on "Manage | SLA definitions" from the top menu bar
2. Right-click on "SLA groups" from the tree hierarchy
3. Choose "Add SLA group" from pop-up menu. An SLA group editing dialog opens to the
right.
4. Name the SLA group
5. Choose "KPI definitions" from the tree hierarchy. Available KPIs are opened into the tree.
6. Right-click on the desired KPI
7. Choose "Copy" from the pop-up menu
8. Click "Paste KPI" from the SLA group editing dialog
9. Choose the KPI in the SLA group editing dialog ("KPI definitions"). The KPI's name,
description and boundary values according to service level agreement are updated into
the editing dialog.
10. If necessary, edit the boundary values.
11. Repeat from step 6. onwards until all desired KPIs have been added to the SLA group.
12. Click "Save"
19.3.3 Setting default SLA group
An SLA group can be defined as the default SLA group. The default SLA group is applied if no
other SLA group is effective on topology elements.
Set an SLA group as the default SLA group as follows:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Click on "Manage | SLA definitions" from the top menu bar
Open “SLA Definitions” node.
Right-click on the desired SLA group
Choose "Set as default group" from the pop-up menu. Suffix “(default)” will appear from
the end of the SLA group name in the tree.
There can be only one default SLA group. In order to change the default SLA group, or
completely remove use of default SLA group feature, the current default SLA group must be
changed to ordinary SLA group:
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3. Right-click on the desired SLA template
4. Choose "Duplicate" from the pop-up menu. An SLA group editing dialog opens to the
right (pictured above)
5. Name the SLA group
6. Remove unnecessary KPIs from the "KPI definitions" list by using the "Remove KPI"
button
7. Add wanted KPI’s which are not within the template. See next chapter how to do this.
8. If it's desired to change the boundary values of KPIs, choose the desired KPI from the
"KPI definitions" list. The KPI's name, description and boundary values according to
service level agreement are updated into the editing dialog.
9. Edit the boundary values to your liking.
10. Repeat from step 7. until every boundary value is as desired.
11. Click "Save"
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Click on "Manage | SLA definitions" from the top menu bar
Open “SLA Definitions” node.
Right-click on the desired SLA group
Choose "Set as not default group" from the pop-up menu. Suffix “(default)” will
disappear from the end of the SLA group name in the tree.
19.4 SLA propagation
An SLA Group can be bound to any topology element type. In order to avoid unnecessary
binding of the same SLA Groups to multiple topology elements, there is a propagation
hierarchy how SLA Groups are propagated from different levels within the topology hierarchy.
This means that for example if SLA Group is only bound to Top level organization, it is
propagated to each element under the organization. On the other hand, if an SLA Group is
explicitly bound to a topology element, this SLA Group is always applied to the topology
element.
The following figure depicts the SLA propagation order:
Link
Inheri
ts
Access
Point
Inheri
ts
Inheri
ts
Netw
ork
Inheri
ts
Eye
Inheri
ts
Service
Area
Link
Group
Inheri
ts
Inheri
ts
Location
Inheri
ts
Organization
Inheri
ts
Inheri
ts
Location
Inheri
ts
Organization
Propagation rules are the following:
Wireless network inherits from Organization.
o If the Organization does not have a bound SLA Group, Wireless network
inherits SLA Group from parent Organization of its own Organization.
Link inherits from Access Point or Link Group.
o If both have an SLA Group, SLA Group is inherited from the Access Point.
o If the Access Point does not have a bound SLA Group, the Link inherits the
Group from Eye, etc.
o If the Link Group does not have a bound SLA Group, the Link inherits the
Group from the Location, etc.
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Link Group inherits from Location.
o If the Location does not have a bound SLA Group, the Link Group inherits from
parent Location or Organization, etc.
Access Point inherits from Eye.
o If the Eye does not have a bound SLA Group, the Access Point inherits from
Service Area, etc.
Eye inherits from Service Area.
o If the Service Area does not have a bound SLA Group, the Service Area inherits
from Location, etc.
Service Area inherits from Location.
o If the Location does not have a bound SLA Group, the Service Area inherits
from parent Location or Organization, etc.
Location inherits from parent Location or Organization.
o If the parent Location or Organization does not have a bound SLA Group, the
Location inherits from parent Location or Organization, etc.
Organization inherits from parent Organization.
Management GUI shows the bound or inherited SLA group:
1. In Network Topology select a topology element
2. Right-click and select “Bind SLA”
If the SLA Group is explicitly bound to the topology element, the bound SLA Group can be seen
in the selected state:
Figure 62: SLA Group bound to an Eye
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Figure 63: SLA Group inherited from SLA Group bound to an Eye
19.5 Binding SLA Groups
19.5.1 Binding an SLA group to a Link
Bind an SLA group to a link as follows:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Click on "View | Network topology" from the top menu bar
Right-click on the link that you want to bind an SLA group to from the tree hierarchy
Choose "Set SLA group" from the pop-up menu
Choose the desired SLA group from the menu that opens
Or alternatively
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Click on "View | Network topology" from the top menu bar
Right-click on the link that you want to bind an SLA group to from the tree hierarchy
Select "Edit" from the pop-up menu. A link editing dialog opens to the right
Choose the desired SLA group from the drop-down menu
Click "Save"
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If the SLA Group is inherited, the name of the SLA Group and the name topology element from
which the SLA Group is inherited is shown:
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Bind an SLA group to a link group as follows:
1. Click on "View | Network topology" from the top menu bar
2. Right-click on the link group that you want to bind an SLA group to from the tree
hierarchy
3. Choose "Set SLA group" from the pop-up menu
4. Choose the desired SLA group from the menu that opens
Or alternatively
1. Click on "View | Network topology" from the top menu bar
2. Right-click on the link group that you want to bind an SLA group to from the tree
hierarchy
3. Select "Edit" from the pop-up menu. A link group editing dialog opens to the right
4. Choose the desired SLA group from the drop-down menu
5. Click "Save"
19.5.3 Binding an SLA Group to other Entities
SLA Group can be bound to any entity within the Topology Tree. This can be done as follows
1. Right click the topology element and select “Bind SLA”
2. Select the SLA from the given list.
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Analyzer is an interactive tool for studying network phenomena of interest and for in-depth
investigation of problems. Reports in standard, easy-to-interpret formats are available to
support routine monitoring.
By using the report view in Carat, the user can configure reports from elements that are
familiar from Analyzer. In addition to the user-selected indicators, a report configured here
contains the time of compilation and delivery and a list of the delivery addresses. At the
specified time, Carat generates the report and delivers it to the recipients, specified as either
e-mail addresses or directories in the Carat server file system. A report can include KPIs,
service level views, and alarms, referred to below as report items.
Note: Configuring the mail server settings found under “Edit | SMTP server”
enables the use of email in reporting.
20.1 Subscription for a new report
1. Select “Manage | Automated report configuration”
2. Select “New” to create a new subscription and open a report template
a. Use “Edit” for editing a subscription
b. The “Delete” option allows you to delete a subscription
c. When you select a report name, the description of this existing report is displayed
Figure 64: Automated report configuration
In the “Report Properties Configuration” area:
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Enter a name for the subscription
Enter a description for the subscription (optional)
Select an report image (optional)
Choose the location for the image on the page
The image will be repeated on each page of the report. It might represent, for example, a
company or a target network.
7. Select the resolution (quality) to be used for the report graphics, mainly relevant to
charting.
In the “Report items” area:
8. Configure the items to be included in the report by selecting “Add”
a. this starts content-dependent workflows, instructions below
9. Specify the send time
a. recurrence is weekly or monthly
i. Field “When to send” is dynamic and let’s one choose either numerous
week days or a day in month
b. send time has 30 minutes resolution in a drop-down menu
10. “Generate preview” creates a report and opens it is a viewer tool
11. “Generate and send now” are available for subscriptions that have been saved (report will
be generated and sent to recipients, see “Report destination settings”).
In the “Report destination settings” area:
12. Choose the delivery format (Media type) of the PDF report
a. Email
b. save to File system
i. an absolute path gives the location in the Carat server file system
ii. relative paths are relative to the Carat startup directory (default:
/opt/7signal/Carat/7signal)
13. Add one or more formats in the “Destinations” field by clicking “Add”
14. Save the subscription by clicking “Save”
20.2 Adding Report Items
There are five report item types. A report item is an individual piece of information – SLA
compliance, a KPI chart, an SLA table, a map, or a set of alarms – that is part of the report. A
report is a series of report items.
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4.
5.
6.
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Figure 65: Adding a report item
To add a report item:
1. Choose the content type
2. Give a name to the report item
a. a descriptive name is good especially if the item content groups together
numerous pieces of information
3. Optionally write a description of the report item
4. Select “Next”
20.2.1 Adding SLA compliance report item
1. Select topology elements of the report item. See chapter 20.2.6.
2. Click “Next” to continue to “Report item time configuration”. See chapter 20.2.6.
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Figure 66: Multiple KPI chart report item
3. Select the desired KPI by left-clicking it in the right-hand pane
4. Right-click and select “Add KPI” in the submenu
5. Repeat steps 2–3 until all desired KPIs are in the left pane (depending on chart type:
“Multiple KPI chart allows more than one KPI)
6. Select the Chart type
7. Select the method for displaying the measurement series in Chart content
8. Select the display method
a. Data Table, Aggregation Chart
9. Click “Next” to continue to “Report item topology configuration”. See chapter 20.2.6.
10. Click “Next” to continue to “Report item time configuration”. See chapter 20.2.6.
20.2.3 Adding SLA report item
1. Choose the topology elements of the report item. See chapter 20.2.6.
2. Click “Next” to continue to “Report item time configuration”. See chapter 20.2.6.
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Figure 67: Adding alarm report item
1. Select the desired alarm by left-clicking it in the right-hand pane
2. Right-click the alarm and select “Add alarm” in the submenu
a. One may remind oneself about the alarm by selecting “Description”
3. Repeat steps 2–3 until all of the desired alarms are in the left pane
4. Select “Next” to continue to “Report item topology configuration”. See chapter 20.2.6.
5. Select the time interval for the report. See chapter 20.2.6.
20.2.5 Adding map report item
1.
2.
3.
4.
Select the desired KPI by left-clicking it in the right-hand pane
Right-click and select “Add KPI” in the submenu
Click “Next” to continue to “Report item topology configuration”. See chapter 20.2.6.
Click “Next” to continue to “Report item time configuration”. See chapter 20.2.6.
20.2.6 Report item general options
All report item types have two configuration options: report item topology configuration and
report item time configuration. The general configuration options are asked after report item
specific options.
Report item topology configuration
The report item time configuration dialog contains two elements:
Area aggregation selector
Topology tree
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Figure 68: Report item topology configuration, access point area aggregation
Available area aggregations43 depend on report item type:
Table 13: Supported area aggregations
Report item type
Supported area aggregations
SLA compliance
Access point
Network
Link
Network
Access point
APEye
Link
NWServ
NWBandServ
NWEye
NWBand
NWBandEye
Dest
DestAP
DestEye
DestEyeEth
EyeEth
Network
Access point
APEye
Link
NWServ
NWBandServ
NWEye
NWBand
NWBandEye
Dest
DestAP
DestEye
DestEyeEth
EyeEth
Access point
KPI
SLA
Alarm
43
For more about area aggregations, please see Analyzer User Manual.
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Serv
NWBandServ
Topology tree is used for selecting topology elements to the report item. Which topology
elements can be selected depends on the chosen area aggregation. Notice that on Map report
items, there must be a map configured for the Service Area.
Table 14: Report item topology element selections per area aggregation
Area aggregation
Topology elements
Access point
At least one access
point
APEye
At least one Eye
and access point
managed by the
Eye
Link
At least one Link
Example
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At least one Service
Area and Network
NWBandServ
At least one Service
Area, Network and
band of the
Network
NWEye
At least one
Network and Eye
NWBand
At least one
Network and band
of the Network
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NWServ
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At least one
Network, band of
the Network and
Eye
Dest
At least one Sonar
DestAP
At least one Sonar
and Access Point
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DestEyeEth
EyeEth
At least one Sonar
and Eye
At least one Eye
Steps for report item topology configuration:
1. Select the Area aggregation
2. From the hierarchical tree presented, select the corresponding elements depending on
the selected area aggregation.
3. Click “Next” to continue to “Report item time configuration”
Report item time configuration
Report time configuration dialog contains time interval and time aggregation selectors.
Figure 69: Report item time configuration, history mode
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1. Select the time interval for the report
a. History (in the picture above)uses pre-defined intervals from the generation
time backwards
b. Calendar allows free interval definition
2. Time aggregation defines the averaging period for the report item
3. Click “Finish” to return to first subscription page
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Figure 70: Report time configuration, calendar mode
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Import utility supports currently importing of
access point names
access point names when last MAC digit is zero
access points by replacing existing access points in the configuration
In order to import start import utility, select “Tools | Import …” from the menu. The import
dialog is opened:
Figure 71: Import dialog, access point name import selected
Select “Import type” from drop-down menu.
21.1 Importing access point names
1. Select a separator character according to field separator character in the file to be
imported.
2. If the file contains header lines that should be ignored, select correct number of lines
in “Header ignored lines” drop-down menu.
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21.1.1 Example access point name import
ap_names.txt file contains the following BSSID-to-name mappings:
SSID
MAC address
Alias
----
-----------
-----
7Guest
00:17:9A:F2:2D:89
7signal-Guest-AP
7signal
58:BC:27:59:CC:20
7signal-AP-5GHz
7signal
58:BC:27:5D:8B:B0
7signal-AP-2.4GHz
The file import settings and result looks like the following:
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3. If the file contains footer lines that should be ignored, select correct number of lines in
“Footer ignored lines” drop-down menu.
4. If the file contains comment lines that start with a specific character, select a comment
line start character in “Comment line start” drop-down menu.
5. Select the BSSID column number in the file. “0” means first column, “1” means second
column, etc.
6. Select the AP name column number in the file. “0” means first column, “1” means
second column, etc.
7. Select the file to be imported by clicking “Select file..” button.
8. Select “Import file”.
9. Check status of the import in “Import status” field.
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Separator character is “white space”
Two header lines must be ignored
No ignored lines at the end of the file
No comment lines
MAC address is at the second column of the file
AP name is at the third column of the file
“Import status” field indicates that all lines were successfully imported.
21.2 Importing access point names (“last digit zero” mode)
21.2.1 Overview
This import mode is useful for importing access point names to the system from e.g. Cisco
controller output. The last digit of a Cisco access point MAC address is zero, last digit of BSSIDs
of the access point are non-zero.
For example:
Access point MAC address: 58:BC:27:5D:8B:B0
MAC address of first BSSID: 58:BC:27:5D:8B:B1
MAC address of second BSSID: 58:BC:27:5D:8B:B1
MAC address of third BSSID: 58:BC:27:5D:8B:B2
Access point name list exported from WLAN controller lists the access point names and their
MAC addresses:
Test-AP-1
58:BC:27:5D:8B:A0
Test-AP-2
58:BC:27:5D:8B:B0
Test-AP-3
58:BC:27:5D:8B:C0
Importing names for all BSSIDs of the access point can be done by using this import type.
21.2.2 Running import
1. Select a separator character according to field separator character in the file to be
imported.
2. If the file contains header lines that should be ignored, select correct number of lines
in “Header ignored lines” drop-down menu.
3. If the file contains footer lines that should be ignored, select correct number of lines in
“Footer ignored lines” drop-down menu.
4. If the file contains comment lines that start with a specific character, select a comment
line start character in “Comment line start” drop-down menu.
5. Select the BSSID column number in the file. “0” means first column, “1” means second
column, etc. BSSID here means access point MAC address (which has last digit zero).
6. Select the AP name column number in the file. “0” means first column, “1” means
second column, etc.
7. Select the file to be imported by clicking “Select file..” button.
8. Select “Import file”.
9. Check status of the import in “Import status” field.
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Figure 72: Import access point names, last digit zero mode
21.3 Import and replace APs
This import type can be used to replace access points in the configuration. Replace is usually
needed if, for example, physical access point has been replaced but the access point is wanted
to be considered as the same access point in 7signal Sapphire configuration.
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Figure 73: Replace access point by import utility
1. Select a separator character according to field separator character in the file to be
imported.
2. If the file contains header lines that should be ignored, select correct number of lines
in “Header ignored lines” drop-down menu.
3. If the file contains footer lines that should be ignored, select correct number of lines in
“Footer ignored lines” drop-down menu.
4. If the file contains comment lines that start with a specific character, select a comment
line start character in “Comment line start” drop-down menu.
5. Select the “Old BSSID” column number in the file. “0” means first column, “1” means
second column, etc. This is the MAC address currently configured in 7signal Sapphire
6. Select the “New BSSID” column number in the file. “0” means first column, “1” means
second column, etc. This is the new BSSID of the access point.
7. Select the file to be imported by clicking “Select file..” button.
8. Select “Import file”.
9. Check status of the import in “Import status” field.
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7signal Sapphire is capable for exporting test results and alarms to system log of the host
running the Carat server. XML schemas applied can be found in Utilities directory of Carat
distribution media.
The Utilities directory contains three XML schema files:
testresult.xsd: Test result XML schema
alarm.xsd: Alarm XML schema
common.xsd: Common schema used by two former schemas
22.1 Configuring Carat system logging properties
carat-syslog.properties in conf directory of Carat installation contains Carat system
logger client configuration parameters:
.level= INFO
# Console handler configuration
java.util.logging.ConsoleHandler.level = INFO
java.util.logging.ConsoleHandler.formatter =
java.util.logging.SimpleFormatter
# Syslog logger
com.agafua.syslog.SyslogHandler.transport = tcp
com.agafua.syslog.SyslogHandler.facility = local1
com.agafua.syslog.SyslogHandler.port = 514
com.agafua.syslog.SyslogHandler.hostname = localhost
Configure desired log level (default: INFO), facility (default: local1) and hostname (default:
localhost).
22.2 Configuring system logger daemon
rsyslog is the default system logger daemon in RHEL/CentOS operating systems. Open
/etc/rsyslog.conf file in an editor and do the following changes:
1. Uncomment following lines:
# Provides TCP syslog reception
#$ModLoad imtcp
#$InputTCPServerRun 514
2. Add $MaxMessageSize configuration parameter:
$MaxMessageSize 32768
Notice that "$MaxMessageSize" definition MUST be before "$ModLoad imtcp" line.
3. Add rule for Carat syslog level and facility.
If the defaults are used, add the following line to rules section:
local1.info
/var/log/carat-xml-output.log
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# service rsyslog restart
22.3 Exporting test results to system log
Start Management GUI and log in as solution adminstrator.
1. Select “Tool | Export…” in main menu.
2. Select “Export test results to system log” checkbox
3. Click “Save” button.
Figure 74: Configuring XML alarm export
If automated tests are configured and running, test results start to appear in configured
system log file:
Dec 4 15:31:34 localhost INFO: 2013-1204T15:31:34.057+02:00 active eye244 58 <
/Eye>RTTPing 00 10.10.10.24410.10.10.1 00 E
thernet false falsefalse falseOk 32 vesku <
Id>10 0 OK 1 2013-1204T15:31:35.105+02:00 active eye244 58 <
/Eye>RTTPing Noise Level
Exceeded Acked 2013-1223T14:20:28.796+02:00 2013-1223T14:44:50.425+02:00 Warning 16 32 AP_serverihuone 12 eye244 5858:BC:27:59:CC:20 1
Channel: 48 Antennas: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
NOTE: while issuing restore command when using online backup, it might be
necessary for the system to retrieve files from the infinite archive directory when
the restore command is issued. The access time is affected by the physical device.
If the system cannot access the files, restore shall not happen. The most recent
offline backup is the alternative point of recovery.
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Naturally the backups must be stored separately from the logs and the databases; otherwise
the value of the backups reduces significantly. The databases and the related logs are expected
to be accessible easily from the hosting server but it is encouraged to use separate physical file
systems for these two.
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The Carat management database may sometimes end up to inconsistent state because of
power outages, operating system crashes, etc. 7signal Sapphire provides integritycheck tool
which is used to check and repair the management database.
1. Login to the server that hosts the Carat server as root user
2. Stop the Carat server:
# 7carat stop
3. Execute integrity check tool:
# 7carat integritycheck
4. If the tool finds out any problems, it asks from the user whether the problem should
be corrected or not. By default, answer “yes” to all questions.
Example output of integrity check tool:
Connecting databases..
Database connections ready.
Starting integrity check.
* Loading SLA groups..
-----------------------------------------------------------------Checking wireless networks:
* Loading networks..
* Checking networks..
* Checking network "7signal"
* Checking network "7signal"
* Checking network "7Guest"
-----------------------------------------------------------------Checking access points:
* Loading access points..
* Checking access points..
-----------------------------------------------------------------Checking Eyes:
* Loading networks..
* Checking Eye eye244
* Checking Eye Eye241
-----------------------------------------------------------------Check for duplicate access points:
* Loading access points from database..
* Loading networks from database
* Checking access points..
* Comparing possible duplicates against networks
-----------------------------------------------------------------Checking links and link groups:
* Loading links..
* Loading link groups..
* Loading managed access points..
* Loading peer devices..
* Loading Eyes..
* Loading locations..
* Checking links..
* Checking link groups..
* Loading links..
Delete all 'removed' state access points from the database?
y=yes/n=no: y
…
-----------------------------------------------------------------Checking alarms:
* Loading alarms..
------------------------------------------------------------------
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26.4 Reorganizing measurement database
In order to maintain optimal performance of the measurement database, the database needs
be reorganized periodically. This can be done e.g. before offline backup.
Login to the server that hosts the Carat server as root user and execute the measurement
database reorganization command:
# 7db reorg meas7
The reorganization tool first checks if reorganization is needed for each table. If so, it executes
DB2 reorganization command.
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Checking test profiles:
* Loading test profiles..
* Loading peer devices..
* Checking test profile jee
* Checking test profile office
* Checking test profile scan
* Checking test profile passive
* Checking test profile new tests
* Checking test profile radio env
* Checking test profile office+new
* Checking test profile monitor
* Checking test profile aptraffic
* Checking test profile dddd
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7signal Sapphire supports Nagios, a commonplace open license tool for IT infrastructure
monitoring.
In this case Sapphire is the object of monitoring, not the monitor itself. Therefore we assume
the general concepts and usage of Nagios to be well-known to the user. If this is not the case,
one may start exploring the topic from the Nagios web pages (http://www.nagios.org). Also, a
recent Nagios release package is included in the delivery media of the 7signal Solution in Sonar
disk and the folder named "Non-7signal Software"
27.1 Adding Sapphire host information to Nagios server
The prerequisite is that Nagios is installed and running on the host machine. In order to
monitor a remote Carat server do the following steps (as a root user):
1. Modify commands.cfg file (default location: /etc/nagios/object/commands.cfg)
Add:
define command {
command_name check_nrpe
command_line $USER1$/check_nrpe -H $HOSTADDRESS$ -c $ARG1$
2. Create configuration file for remote machine running the Carat server to Nagios
objects directory (default location: /etc/nagios/objects)
File extension is cfg, otherwise the naming is free. You may use or modify the
following:
carat-host-xyz.cfg
7signal_wqa_carat_1.cfg etc.
Content of the file:
define host {
use linux-server
host_name
alias
address
define service {
use local-service
host_name
service_description 7signal Sapphire Carat
check_command check_nrpe!check_carat_server
3. Add host configuration file (the previous step) to nagios.cfg file (default location:
/etc/nagios/nagios.cfg):
cfg_file=/etc/nagios/objects/carat-host-xyz.cfg
4. Restart Nagios server
service nagios restart
7signal Solutions, Inc., 526 S. Main Street, Akron, Ohio 44311, USA, 855-763-9526, info@7signal.com, www.7signal.com
7signal Sapphire Carat User Guide Release 5.0
27 NAGIOS SUPPORT
27 7signal solution
146
The prerequisite is that client-side tools of Nagios have been installed on the host running
7signal Sapphire software. The protocol being used is NRPE. There is no SSH support
concurrently.
27.2.1 Install NRPE daemon
Use online install with yum:
# yum install nrpe
27.2.2 Install toolset ‘Nagios plugins’
Use online install with yum:
# yum install nagios-plugins-nrpe
NOTE: the following installers shall open port tcp/5666 for Nagios traffic in the
firewall settings.Install Sapphire plugin
There folders named Nagios_support on both Carat and Sonar delivery disks. They contain the
following files
7signal-Nagios-plugin--for-Carat-installer.bin
7signal-Nagios-plugin--for-Analyzer-installer.bin
7signal-Nagios-plugin--for-Sonar-installer.bin
The files are executable and totally self-contained. By running each of the file makes the
respective Sapphire Nagios plugin available. The process includes configuration file creation,
updates and firewall settings.
Silent install mode (option -s) uses 7signal defaults for all parameters. If this option is not used,
all parameters are inquired interactively with the default setting visible.
By default, the plugin installations end up in /opt/7signal/nagios folder. However, the
installation makes the plugins available and after this the process and operations are
completely transparent to the Carat user.
27.3 Verifying Nagios Installation
Complete and operational install is achieved if Nagios GUI shows
check_carat_server
check_sonar_server
check_analyzer_server
as options for monitoring for the hosts running 7signal Sapphire software.
27.4 Removing Nagios plugins
The installation directory contains uninstall_nagios.sh that removes Sapphire related
plugin files. The NRPE daemon stays untouched and its configuration is cleaned only for
Sapphire plugins thus NRPE and other Nagios operations remain untouched.
7signal Solutions, Inc., 526 S. Main Street, Akron, Ohio 44311, USA, 855-763-9526, info@7signal.com, www.7signal.com
7signal Sapphire Carat User Guide Release 5.0
27.2 Adding Nagios Plug-ins To Sapphire Software
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