ADC Telecommunications DVICS800-1 Digivance 800 MHz Indoor Coverage Solution User Manual manual

ADC Telecommunications Inc Digivance 800 MHz Indoor Coverage Solution manual

manual

ADCP-75-110Issue BMarch 2001Digivance™800 Mhz Indoor Coverage SolutionInstallation and Operation ManualDRAFT1126955 Rev A
ADCP-75-110 • Issue B • March 2001Page iiCOPYRIGHT2001, ADC Telecommunications, Inc.All Rights ReservedPrinted in the U.S.A.REVISION HISTORYISSUE DATE REASON FOR CHANGEIssue B 03/01 OriginalTRADEMARK INFORMATIONADC and FiberGuide are registered trademarks of ADC Telecommunications, Inc.Digivance is a trademark of ADC Telecommunications, Inc.LC is a trademark of Lucent Technologies Inc.TORX is a registered trademark of Textron, Inc.DISCLAIMER OF LIABILITYContents herein are current as of the date of publication. ADC reserves the right to change the contents without prior notice.In noevent shall ADC be liable for any damages resulting from loss of data, loss of use, or loss of profits and ADC furtherdisclaims any and all liability for indirect, incidental, special, consequential or other similar damages. This disclaimer ofliability applies to all products, publications and services during and after the warranty period.This publication may be verified at any time by contacting ADC’s Technical Assistance Center at 1-800-366-3891, extension63475 (in U.S.A. or Canada) or 952-946-3475 (outside U.S.A. and Canada), or by e-mail to bcg_tac@adc.com.ADC Telecommunications, Inc.P.O. Box 1101, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55440-1101In U.S.A. and Canada: 1-800-366-3891Outside U.S.A. and Canada: (952) 938-8080Fax: (952) 946-3292
ADCP-75-110 • Issue B • March 2001Page iii2001, ADC Telecommunications, Inc.TABLE OF CONTENTSContent Page1 SYSTEM FUNCTIONAL OVERVIEW AND UNIT DESCRIPTIONS ........................................ 11.1 System Functional Overview ....................................................... 11.2 Digital Host Unit Description ....................................................... 31.3 Digital Remote Unit Description ..................................................... 71.4 Digital Expansion Unit Description ................................................... 91.5 Terms and Definitions............................................................121.6 Specifications .................................................................132 INSTALLATION PLANNING AND SYSTEM DESIGN................................................162.1 Base Station Interface Requirements ..................................................162.2 Locating and Mounting Requirements .................................................182.3 Powering Requirements ..........................................................192.4 Optical Options and Requirements ...................................................202.5 Coaxial Cable Requirements .......................................................202.6 System Expansion Planning ........................................................202.7 DRU Antenna Options ............................................................212.8 Local Alarm System Reporting Requirements ............................................212.9 Maintenance Requirements ........................................................222.10 System Design Recommendations ...................................................223 DIGITAL HOST UNIT INSTALLATION PROCEDURE................................................253.1 System Plan Review and Pre-Installation Cable Routing .....................................253.2 Tools and Materials .............................................................253.3 Unpacking and Inspection .........................................................253.4 Mounting Procecure ............................................................253.5 Chassis Ground Procedure.........................................................293.6 Coaxial Cable Connections ........................................................293.7 Ports 1-6 Optical Connections ......................................................303.8 DC Power Connections ...........................................................323.9 Local Alarm System Connections ....................................................333.10 AC Power Connections ...........................................................353.11 Create As-Built Drawing ..........................................................364 SYSTEM OPERATION ..................................................................374.1 Tools and Materials .............................................................374.2 Turn-Up System and Verify Operation .................................................374.3 Correct Installation Problems .......................................................394.4 Test System Performance .........................................................425 SYSTEM MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES ......................................................435.1 Tools and Materials .............................................................435.2 Fault Detection and Alarm Reporting ..................................................435.3 Fault Isolation and Troubleshooting ..................................................445.4 Test Procedures................................................................465.5 DHU or DEU Fan Replacement ......................................................49Continued
ADCP-75-110 • Issue B • March 2001Page iv2001, ADC Telecommunications, Inc.TABLE OF CONTENTSContent Page6 GENERAL INFORMATION ............................................................... 516.1 Warranty/Software ............................................................. 516.2 Software Service Agreement ....................................................... 516.3 Repair/Exchange Policy .......................................................... 516.4 Repair Charges................................................................ 516.5 Replacement/Spare Products ...................................................... 526.6 Returned Material .............................................................. 526.7 Customer Information and Assistance ................................................. 52
ADCP-75-110 • Issue B • March 2001Page v2001, ADC Telecommunications, Inc.ABOUT THIS GUIDEThis installation and operation manual provides the following information:• An overview of the Digivance Indoor Coverage Solution (ICS) and adescription of thebasic system components including the Digital Host Unit (DHU), Digital Expansion Unit(DEU), and the Digital Remote Unit (DRU).• System requirements for planning the Digivance ICS installation.• Procedures for installing the DHU.• Procedures for operating and maintaining the Digivance ICS.• Product warranty, repair, return, and replacement informationThe procedures for installing the DEU and DRU are provided in other publications which arereferenced in the Related Publications section and at appropriate points within this manual.RELATED PUBLICATIONSListed below are related manuals and their publication numbers. Copies of these publicationscan be ordered by contacting the ADC Technical Assistance Center at 1-800-366-3891(in U.S.A. or Canada) or 952-946-3000, extension 3223 (outside U.S.A. and Canada).Title/Description ADCP NumberDigivance ICS Digital Expansion Unit Installation Instructions ADCP-75-111Provides a description of the DEU and procedures for installing the DEU.Digivance ICS Digital Remote Unit Installation Instructions ADCP-75-112Provides a description of the DRU and procedures for installing the DRU.Digivance ICS Local Interface Unit User Manual ADCP-75-113Provides a description of the LIU and procedures for installing the LIU.Digivance ICS Remote Interface Unit User Manual ADCP-75-114Provides adescription of the RIU and procedures for installing the RIU.
ADCP-75-110 • Issue B • March 2001Page vi2001, ADC Telecommunications, Inc.ADMONISHMENTSImportant safety admonishments are used throughout this manual to warn of possible hazardsto persons or equipment. An admonishment identifies apossible hazard and then explainswhat may happen if the hazard is not avoided. The admonishments —in the form of Dangers,Warnings, and Cautions —must be followed at all times. These warnings are flagged by useof the triangular alert icon (seen below), and are listed in descending order of severity of injuryor damage and likelihood of occurrence.Danger:Danger is used to indicate the presence of a hazard that will cause severe personalinjury, death, or substantial property damage if the hazard is not avoided.Warning:Warning is used to indicate the presence of a hazard that can cause severepersonal injury, death, or substantial property damage if the hazard is not avoided.Caution:Caution is used to indicate the presence of a hazard that will or can cause minorpersonal injury or property damage if the hazard is not avoided.GENERAL SAFETY PRECAUTIONSThe following general admonishments apply throughout the procedures in this manual.Warning:Wet conditions increase the potential for receiving an electrical shock wheninstalling or using electrically-powered equipment. To prevent electrical shock, never installor use electrical equipment in a wet location or during a lightning storm.Warning:The DRU is powered by 48 VDC power which is supplied over customer-providedwiring. To prevent electrical shock when installing or modifying the DRU power wiring,disconnect the wiring at the power source before working with uninsulated wires or terminals.Danger:This equipment uses aClass 1Laser according to FDA/DCRH rules. Laser radiationcan seriously damage the retina of the eye. Do not look into the ends of any optical fiber. Donot look directly into the optical adapters of any digital unit or exposure to laser radiationmay result. An optical power meter should be used to verify active fibers. Aprotective cap orhood MUST be immediately placed over any radiating adapter or optical fiber connector toavoid the potential of dangerous amounts of radiation exposure. This practice also preventsdirt particles from entering the adapter or connectorDanger:Do not look into the ends of any optical fiber. Exposure to laser radiation may result. Donot assume laser power is turned-off or the fiber is disconnected at the other end.
ADCP-75-110 • Issue B • March 2001Page vii2001, ADC Telecommunications, Inc.Danger:Always allow sufficient fiber length to permit routing without severe bends. Fibersmay be permanently damaged if bent/curved to aradius of less than 1.5 inches (38 mm).STANDARDS CERTIFICATIONFCC:This equipment complies with the applicable sections of Title 47 CFR Parts 15, 22, 24, and90.UL/CUL:This equipment complies with UL and CUL 1950 Standard for Safety forInformation Technology Equipment, Including Electrical Business Equipment.FDA/CDRH:This equipment uses aClass 1LASER according to FDA/CDRH Rules. Thisproduct conforms to all applicable standards of 21 CFR Part 1040.LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONSThe acronyms and abbreviations used in this manual are detailed in the following list:AAmperesAC Alternating CurrentAGC Automatic Gain ControlAMPS Advanced Mobile Phone ServiceCDMA Code Division Multiple AccessCDRH Center for Devices and Radiological HealthCUL Canadian Underwriters LaboratoriesDAS Distributed Antenna SystemDC Direct CurrentDEU Digital Expansion UnitDHU Digital Host UnitDRU Digital Remote UnitEIA Electronic Industries AssociationERP Effective Radiated PowerESD Electrostatic DischargeFCC Federal Communications CommissionFDA Food and Drug AdministrationICS Indoor Coverage SolutionLIU Local Interface UnitNOC Network Operations CenterPWR PowerRIU Remote Interface UnitRF Radio Frequency
ADCP-75-110 • Issue B • March 2001Page viii2001, ADC Telecommunications, Inc.RSSI Received Signal Strength IndicationRX Receive or ReceiverTDMA Time Division Multiple AccessTX Transmit or TransmitterUL Underwriters LaboratoriesUPS Uninterruptible Power SupplyVVoltsVAC Volts Alternating CurrentVDC Volts Direct CurrentWECO Western Electric Company
ADCP-75-110 • Issue B • March 2001Page 1© 2001, ADC Telecommunications, Inc.1 SYSTEM FUNCTIONAL OVERVIEW AND UNIT DESCRIPTIONThis section provides an overview of the Digivance Indoor Coverage Solution (ICS), adescription of the functions and features provided by the units that comprise the system, alisting of terms used and their definition, and a table of specifications.1.1 System Functional OverviewThe Digivance ICS is adigitally distributed antenna system that provides in-building coveragefor analog (AMPS) or digital (TDMA or CDMA) cellular phone systems operating within the800 MHz frequency band. Large buildings typically interfere with the transmission orreception of cellular phone system signals by imposing high attenuation losses on RF signals.The Digivance ICS is designed to overcome the attenuation losses that make cellularcommunications within buildings or structures difficult or impossible. With the DigivanceICS, cellular phone RF signals can be distributed to the interior areas of any building orstructure to eliminate dead spots and improve reception.1.1.1 Basic System ComponentsThe basic components of the Digivance ICS and their functions are shown in Figure 1. Thebasic system consists of the Digital Host Unit (DHU), Digital Remote Unit (DRU), and whenadditional capacity or longer fiber runs are required, the Digital Expansion Unit (DEU). Inaddition, two accessory items, the Local Interface Unit (LIU) and the Remote Interface Unit(RIU) may be used as needed to interface the DHU with the cellular system Base TransceiverStation (BTS).1.1.2 Interface With BTSThe DHU interfaces, either locally or remotely, with the BTS. As referenced in thispublication, the BTS could be either amicrocell or a cell site base station. When the BTS(microcell) is co-located with the DHU, alocal interface over coaxial cable is possible. Aninterface device, such as the LIU, may be required to provide the proper input and output RFsignal levels between the BTS and the DHU. When the BTS (cell site base station) is not co-located with the DHU, aremote interface using a donor antenna is required. An interfacedevice such as the RIU is required to provide the proper input and output RF signal levelsbetween the donor antenna and the DHU.The DHU interfaces, as described in the preceding paragraph, with the BTS. In the forwardpath, the DHU receives RF signals from the BTS. The DHU digitizes the RF signals and thenconverts them to digital optical signals for transport to the DEUs and DRUs. In the reversepath, the DHU receives digital optical signals from the DRUs and DEUs. The DHU convertsthe optical signals back to the original RF signal format for transmission to the BTS.
ADCP-75-110 • Issue B • March 2001Page 2© 2001, ADC Telecommunications, Inc.DRUDRUDRUDRUDRUDRUDRUDRUDRUDRUDRUDEUDEUDHURIULIUREMOTEBTSLOCALBTSRFFig 1C-ARFFigure 1. System Overview Functional Block Diagram1.1.3 Interface With Cellular PhonesThe DRUs interface with the cellular phones. In the reverse path, the DRU receives RF signalsfrom each cellular phone. The DRU digitizes the RF signals and then converts them to digitaloptical signals for transport to the DHU. In the forward path, the DRU receives digital opticalsignals from the DHU. The DRU converts the optical signals back to the original RF signalformat for transmission to the cellular phones. Asmall antenna is connected to the DRU totransmit and receive RF signals from the cellular phones.
ADCP-75-110 • Issue B • March 2001Page 3© 2001, ADC Telecommunications, Inc.1.1.4 Digital Fiber Optic TransportThe DHU is connected to each DRU unit over a pair of multi-mode fiber optic links. One linkis used to transport the forward path optical signal. The other link is used to transport thereverse path optical signal. Because the optical signal is digital, no adjustments to the opticalsignal level are required at the DRU or the DHU regardless of the length of the optical link.Either 50 or 62.5 micron core multi-mode fiber optic cable may be used for the optical link. If50 micron cable is used, the optical link may be up to 750 meters in length. If 62.5 microncore cable is used, the optical link may be up to 500 meters in length. The fiber optic links areterminated with LC connectors.1.1.5 Capacity for Expansion and Extended RunsThe DEU enables 6-way expansion of any optical port. This makes is possible to add moreDRUs without having to install additional DHUs. Each DHU is equipped with six opticalports. If more than six DRUs are required by the application, aDEU may be connected to oneof the optical ports at the DHU which expands that port to six ports. If still more optical portsare required, then asecond DEU may be connected to the DHU or a second DEU may beconnected to the first DEU. The ability to cascade DEU’s in parallel or in series providesunlimited flexibility. It is physically possible to connect an unlimited number DRUs to theDHU through the installation of DEUs. The maximum number of DRUs that can connected tothe DHU is limited only by the cumulative noise effect caused by antenna combining.1.1.6 Power RequirementsThe DHU, DEU, LIU, and RIU are each powered by 120–240 VAC (50–60 Hz) power whichis supplied through astandard three-conductor AC power cord. The DRU is powered bynominal 48 VDC which is supplied by the DHU, DEU, or an AC/DC wall-mount styleconverter. When the DRU is powered by the DHU or DEU, the power is fed through acategory 5 cable terminated with male RJ-45 connectors.1.1.7 Fault Detection and Alarm ReportingLED indicators are provided on the front panel of the various units to indicate when afault isdetected. In addition, normally open and normally closed alarm contacts (for both major andminor alarms) are provided at the DHU for connection to acustomer provided external alarmsystem. This could be a local system or automatic call-out system.1.2 Digital Host Unit DescriptionThe DHU, shown in Figure 2, serves as the BTS servicing unit for the Digivance ICS. TheDHU provides the following basic functions:• RF inputs and outputs• Optical interface to the DRUs or DEUs• Digitizing of the cellular forward path RF signal
ADCP-75-110 • Issue B • March 2001Page 4© 2001, ADC Telecommunications, Inc.• Distribution of the digitized forward path RF signals into six digitized optical signals• Conversion of up to six reverse path digitized optical signals to six digitized RF signals• Combining of the six digitized RF signals into a single composite digitized RF signal• Conversion of the combined digitized RF signal to a composite cellular RF signal• DC power for powering the DRUs• Relay contact closures to provide alarm information to an external alarm system17.2 INCHES(437 mm)3.5 INCHES(89 mm)11.4 INCHES(290 mm)15.3 INCHES(389 mm)FRONT PANELCABLE MANAGEMENTTRAYMOUNTINGBRACKET(BOTH SIDES)Fig 2A-AFigure 2. Digital Host Unit1.2.1 Primary ComponentsThe DHU consists of two electronic circuit board assemblies and apower supply assemblythat are mounted within apowder-coated sheet metal enclosure. The metal enclosure providesamounting point for the electronic assemblies, serves as aheat sink, and controls RFemissions. Except for the fan units, the electronic circuit board assemblies are not userreplaceable. The DHU is designed for use within anon-condensing indoor environment suchas inside awiring closet or cabinet. All controls, connectors, and indicators are mounted onthe DHU front panel for convenient access. Cable management functions for the power andfiber optic cables are provided by a cable management tray that extends outward from theDHU front panel.1.2.2 MountingThe DHU may be used in both rack-mount and wall-mount applications. For rack mountapplications, apair of reversible mounting brackets is provided that allow the DHU to bemounted in either a19-inch or 23-inch EIA or WECO equipment rack. When rack-mounted,the front panel of the DHU is flush with the front of the rack. The cable management trayextends 3.9 inches (99 mm) beyond the front panel. For wall-mount applications, apair ofholes is provided in the cable management tray which allow the DHU to be mounted on anyflat vertical surface. The DHU should be oriented with the front panel facing upward whenwall-mounted. Fasteners are provided for rack-mount applications.
ADCP-75-110 • Issue B • March 2001Page 5© 2001, ADC Telecommunications, Inc.1.2.3 Fault Detection and Alarm ReportingThe DHU is designed to detect internal circuitry faults and optical port faults. Various frontpanel Light Emitting Diode (LED) indicators turn from green to red or yellow if afault isdetected. Aset of alarm contacts (normally open and normally closed) are also provided forreporting an alarm to an external alarm system when afault is detected. Both major alarm (allfault conditions except high temperature) and minor alarm (high temperature fault condition)contacts are provided.1.2.4 RF Signal ConnectionsThe RF signal connections between the DHU and the BTS are supported through two type Nfemale connectors. One connector is used for coaxial cable connection of the forward path RFsignal. The other connector is used for coaxial cable connection of the reverse path RF signal. Inmost installations, the DHU will not connect directly to the BTS but will be connected to aninterface device such as the RIU or the LIU. Additional information concerning the DHU to BTSinterface is provided in the Digivance ICS Remote Interface Unit User Manual (ADCP-75-113) andin the Digivance ICS Local Interface Unit User Manual (ADCP-75-114).The DHU requires acomposite forward path RF signal level of –20 dBm or lower. Anoverdrive limiter protects the system against excessive inputs but does not function duringnormal operation. The DHU does not have Automatic Gain Control (AGC).1.2.5 Optical and Electrical Interface ConnectionsOperation of the DRUs and DEUs is supported by six optical and six electrical ports. Each opticaland electrical interface connection includes astatus LED, aduplex LC type optical adapter, an RJ-45 DC power jack, and aport enable/disable switch. An optical port may be connected to aDRU, aDEU, or not used. An electrical port may be connected to aDRU or not used. Unused ports requireno connections at all and are disabled via the corresponding port enable/disable switch. Whendisabled, the port LED is off, the alarm reporting function is disabled, the laser is off, and the DCpower is off. Enabling the enable/disable switch activates all functions.1.2.6 PoweringThe DHU is powered by 120–240 VAC (50–60 Hz) power which is supplied through astandard three-conductor AC power cord. The power cord is provided with the DHU and is 98inches (2.5 meters )long. Aresetable circuit breaker/On-Off switch is provided at the unitfront panel. The switch applies power to the DHU internal power supply.1.2.7 CoolingContinuous air flow for cooling is provided by dual fans mounted on the right side of the housing.Aminimum of 3inches (76 mm) of clearance space must be provided on both the left and rightsides of the DHU for air intake and exhaust. An alarm is provided that indicates if ahightemperature condition (>70º C/ 158º F) occurs. The fans may be field-replaced if either fan fails.1.2.8 User InterfaceThe DHU user interface consists of the various connectors, switches, terminals, and LEDs thatare provided on the DHU front panel. The DHU user interface points are indicated in Figure 3and described in Table 1.
ADCP-75-110 • Issue B • March 2001Page 6© 2001, ADC Telecommunications, Inc.(1) AC POWER CORDCONNECTOR(2) AC POWER ON/OFF SWITCH (3) OPTICAL PORT LED INDICATOR(6 PLACES)(4) OPT/ELEC PORTENABLE/DISABLESWITCH (6 PLACES)(5) ELECTRICAL PORTDC POWER JACK(6 PLACES)(6) OPTICAL PORTOPTICAL ADAPTERSTX-LEFT - RX-RIGHT(6 PLACES)(7) UNIT LEDINDICATOR (10) RF INPUTCONNECTOR(8) OVERDRIVELEDINDICATOR(9) ALARMTERMINALSTRIP(11) RF OUTPUTCONNECTORFig 3B-ANOTE: SHOWN WITHOUTCABLE MANAGEMENT TRAYFigure 3. Digital Host Unit User InterfaceTable 1. Digital Host Unit User InterfaceREFNo. USER INTERFACEDESIGNATION DEVICE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION1 POWER 3-wire AC powercord connector Used for connecting the AC power cord.2 – I/O rocker switch/circuit breaker Provides AC power On/Off control andAC power over current protection.3 OK/NOK (Ports 1–6) Multi-colored LED(Red/Green/Yellow) Indicates if the DRU or remote DEUconnected to the optical port is normal orfaulty or if the optical inputs from the DRUor remote DEU are normal or lost. (see Note)4 ON/OFF (Ports 1–6) I/O rocker switch Enables or disables correspondingelectrical and optical ports.5DCPWR (Ports 1–6) RJ-45 jack (female) Used for connecting aDRU cat 5powercable to the designated DC power jack6 FIBER (Ports 1–6) Duplex LC-typefiber optic adapter Used for connecting each DEU or DRUforward path and reverse path optical link tothe designated optical adapter.7 UNIT Multi-colored LED(Red/Green/Yellow) Indicates if the DHU is normal or faulty. (seeNote)8 OVERDRIVE Multi-colored LED(Red/Green/Yellow) Indicates when the forward path RF inputpower is overdriving the DHU digitizingcircuitry (see Note)9 MAJOR MINOR Screw-type terminalconnector (14–26AWG)Used for connecting an external alarmsystem to the DHU. Includes normally open(NO), normally closed (NC), and common(COM) wiring connections.10 RF IN N-type female RFcoaxial connector Used for connecting the forward path RFcoaxial cable to the DHU11 RF OUT N-type female RFcoaxial connector Used for connecting the reverse path RFcoaxial cable to the DHUNote: Adetailed description of LED operation is provided in Section 5.
ADCP-75-110 • Issue B • March 2001Page 7© 2001, ADC Telecommunications, Inc.1.3 Digital Remote Unit DescriptionThe DRU, shown in Figure 4, serves as the cellular user servicing unit for the Digivance ICS.The DRU provides the following basic functions:• RF interface to the cellular users via an external antenna• Optical interface to the DHU or DEU• Conversion of the forward path digitized optical signal to a digitized RF signal• Conversion of the digitized forward path RF signal to the original cellular RF signal• Digitizing of the cellular reverse path RF signal• Conversion of the digitized reverse path RF signal to a digital optical signal output• Transports alarm status via optical linkFRONT PANELMOUNTING FOOT(EACH CORNER)7.0 INCHES(178 mm)7.3 INCHES(185 mm)2.1 INCHES(53 mm)Fig 1-AFigure 4. Digital Remote Unit1.3.1 Primary componentsThe DRU consists of an electronic circuit board assembly that is mounted within apaintedsheet metal enclosure. The metal enclosure provides amounting point for the electronicassembly, serves as aheat sink, and controls RF emissions. The electronic circuit boardassembly is not user replaceable. The DRU is designed for use within anon-condensingindoor environment such as inside abuilding. All controls, connectors, and indicators (exceptthe antenna connector) are mounted on the DRU front panel for convenient access.1.3.2 MountingThe DRU is equipped with four integral mounting feet that allow it to be mounted on any flathorizontal or vertical surface. Atypical location for mounting the DRU would be aboveceiling tiles where the optical fiber and power cables can be concealed or on a wall. Slots areprovided in the mounting feet for securing the DRU to the mounting surface.
ADCP-75-110 • Issue B • March 2001Page 8© 2001, ADC Telecommunications, Inc.1.3.3 Fault DetectionThe DRU is designed to detect internal circuitry faults or loss of system inputs. A front panelLED indicator turns from green to red when afault condition is detected or when the systemoptical input is lost. The DRU sends the fault information to the DHU over the fiber opticlink. A corresponding port LED at the DHU turns red when the DRU reports a fault.1.3.4 RF Signal InterfaceThe RF signal interface between the DRU and the cellular users is provided through anexternal antenna connected to afemale SMA connector. The antenna which must be orderedseparately. Several types of antennas with various patterns are available. Non-ADC antennasmay also be used with the DRU to meet various application requirements.1.3.5 Optical PortThe DRU is equipped with aduplex LC type optical adapter that provides apoint forconnecting the optical link cables. Depending on the application requirements, the opticaladapter may be connected to either a DHU or a DEU.1.3.6 PoweringThe DRU is equipped with afemale RJ-45 jack that provides apoint for connecting aDCpower cable. The DRU is powered by nominal 48 VDC power which is supplied through theRJ-45 connector. Power to the DRU may be supplied by the DHU, DEU, or by a 120 VAC to48 VDC power converter (available separately as an accessory item) plugged into a properlygrounded 120 VAC outlet. The AC/DC converter is aUL Listed stand alone Limited PowerSupply (LPS) unit with arated output of 48 VDC at 1.2 A. When powered by the DHU orDEU, a category 5 twisted-pair cable terminated with RJ-45 connectors is required.1.3.7 CoolingThe DRU is cooled by natural convection air flow. The DRU mounting feet are designed to provideclearance under the unit so that air can enter the DRU enclosure from the bottom and exit throughthe top. Aminimum clearance of 3inches (76 mm) must be provided on all sides of the DRU(except the bottom) to ensure there is adequate air circulation for cooling. In addition, at least onesurface of the DRU installation area must be open to the interior of the building.1.3.8 User InterfaceThe DRU user interface consists of the connectors and the LED that are provided on the DRUfront and rear panels. The DRU user interface points are indicated in Figure 5 and described inTable 2.
ADCP-75-110 • Issue B • March 2001Page 9© 2001, ADC Telecommunications, Inc.Fig 5B-AREAR VIEWFRONT VIEW(4) ANTENNA CONNECTOR(1) STATUS LED(2) 48 VDC POWERCONNECTOR (3) FIBER LINKOPTICAL ADAPTERSTX-LEFT - RX-RIGHTFigure 5. Digital Remote Unit User InterfaceTable 2. Digital Remote Unit User InterfaceREFNo. USER INTERFACEDESIGNATION DEVICE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION1 STATUS Multi-colored LED(Red/Green/Yellow) Indicates if the status of the DRU isnormal or faulty or if the forward pathoptical input is normal or lost. (see Note)248VDC RJ-45 jack (female) Used for connecting a DC power cable3 FIBERTX RX Duplex LC-typefiber optic adapter Used for connecting the forward path andreverse path optical links4 – SMA-type coaxialconnector (female) Used for connecting the antenna coaxialcable leadNote: Adetailed description of LED operation is provided in Section 5.1.4 Digital Expansion Unit DescriptionThe DEU, shown in Figure 6, serves as aservice expansion unit and line extender for theDigivance ICS. The DEU provides the following basic functions:• Optical interface to the DHU and up to six DRUs or DEUs• Conversion of the forward path digitized optical signal to an electrical bit stream• Splitting of the electrical bit stream into six separate bit streams• Conversion of the six forward path electrical bit streams into six digital optical signals• Conversion of up to six reverse path digital optical signals into six serial bit streams• Combining of the six reverse path serial bit streams into a single digital composite signal• Conversion of the single digital composite signal to a digital optical signal• DC power for powering the DRUs• Alarm transport via the optical links
ADCP-75-110 • Issue B • March 2001Page 10© 2001, ADC Telecommunications, Inc.FRONT PANELCABLE MANAGEMENTTRAYMOUNTINGBRACKET(BOTH SIDES)Fig 6B-A3.5 INCHES(89 mm)11.4 INCHES(290 mm)15.3 INCHES(389 mm)17.2 INCHES(437 mm)Figure 6. Digital Expansion Unit1.4.1 Primary ComponentsThe DEU consists of two electronic circuit board assemblies that are mounted within apowder-coated sheet metal enclosure. The metal enclosure provides amounting point for theelectronic assemblies and serves as aheat sink. Except for the fan units, the electronic circuitboard assemblies are not user replaceable. The DEU is designed for use within a non-condensing indoor environment such as inside awiring closet or within an environmentallycontrolled cabinet. All controls, connectors, and indicators are mounted on the DEU frontpanel for convenient access. Cable management functions for the power and fiber optic cablesare provided by a cable management tray that extends outward from the DEU front panel.1.4.2 MountingThe DEU may be used in both rack-mount and wall-mount applications. For rack mountapplications, apair of reversible mounting brackets is provided that allow the DEU to bemounted in either a19-inch or 23-inch EIA or WECO equipment rack. When rack-mounted,the front panel of the DEU is flush with the front of the rack. The cable management trayextends 3.9 inches (99 mm) beyond the front panel. For wall-mount applications, apair ofholes is provided in the cable management tray which allow the DEU to be mounted on anyflat vertical surface. The DEU should be oriented with the front panel facing upward whenwall-mounted. Fasteners are provided for rack-mount applications.1.4.3 Fault DetectionThe DEU is designed to detect internal circuitry faults and optical port faults. Various frontpanel Light Emitting Diode (LED) indicators turn from green to red or yellow when afault isdetected The DEU transports the fault information to the DHU or supporting DEU over thefiber optic link. Acorresponding port LED at the DHU or DEU turns from green to red whenthe DEU reports a fault.
ADCP-75-110 • Issue B • March 2001Page 11© 2001, ADC Telecommunications, Inc.1.4.4 Optical and Electrical Interface ConnectionsOperation of the DRUs and DEUs is supported by six optical and six electrical ports. Each opticaland electrical interface connection includes astatus LED, aduplex LC type optical adapter, an RJ-45 DC power jack, and aport enable/disable switch. An optical port may be connected to aDRU, aDEU, or not used. An electrical port may be connected to aDRU or not used. Unused ports requireno connections at all and are disabled via the corresponding port enable/disable switch. Whendisabled, the port LED is off, the alarm reporting function is disabled, the laser is off, and the DCpower is off. Enabling the enable/disable switch activates all functions.1.4.5 PoweringThe DEU is powered by 120–240 VAC (50–60 Hz) power which is supplied through astandard three-conductor AC power cord. The power cord is provided with the DEU and is 2.5meters (98 inches) long. Aresetable circuit breaker/On-Off switch is provided at the unit frontpanel. The switch applies power to the DEU internal power supply.1.4.6 CoolingContinuous air flow for cooling is provided by dual cooling fans mounted on the right side ofthe sheet metal housing. Aminimum of 3 inches of clearance space must be provided on boththe left and right sides of the DEU for air intake and exhaust. An alarm is provided thatindicates if ahigh temperature condition occurs. The cooling fans may be field-replaced ifeither unit fails.1.4.7 User InterfaceThe DEU user interface consists of the various connectors, switches, and LEDs that areprovided on the DEU front panel. The DEU user interface points are indicated in Figure 7 anddescribed in Table 3.Fig 7B-A(2) AC POWER ON/OFF SWITCH (3) OPTICAL PORT LED INDICATOR(6 PLACES)(4) OPT/ELEC PORTENABLE/DISABLESWITCH (6 PLACES)(7) UNIT LEDINDICATOR(1) AC POWER CORDCONNECTOR (5) ELECTRICAL PORTDC POWER JACK(6 PLACES)(6) OPTICAL PORTOPTICAL ADAPTERSTX-LEFT - RX-RIGHT(6 PLACES)(8) HOST PORTLEDINDICATOR(7) HOST PORTOPTICAL ADAPTERSTX-LEFT - RX-RIGHTNOTE: SHOWN WITHOUTCABLE MANAGEMENT TRAYFigure 7. Digital Expansion Unit User Interface
ADCP-75-110 • Issue B • March 2001Page 12© 2001, ADC Telecommunications, Inc.Table 3. Digital Expansion Unit User InterfaceREFNo. USER INTERFACEDESIGNATION DEVICE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION1 POWER 3-wire AC powercord connector Used for connecting the AC power cord2 – I/O rocker switch/circuit breaker Provides AC power On/Off control andAC power over current protection3 OK/NOK (Ports 1–6) Multi-colored LED(Red/Green/Yellow) Indicates if the DRU or remote DEUconnected to the optical port is normal orfaulty or if the optical inputs from the DRUor remote DEU are normal or lost. (see Note)4 ON/OFF (Ports 1–6) I/O rocker switch Enables or disables correspondingelectrical and optical ports5DCPWR (Ports 1–6) RJ-45 connector(female) Used for connecting aDRU cat 5powercable to the designated DC power jack6 FIBER (Ports 1–6) Duplex LC-typefiber optic adapter Used for connecting each DRU or remoteDEU forward path and reverse path opticallink to the designated optical port7 HOST PORT Duplex LC-typefiber optic adapter Used for connecting the DHU or supportingDEU forward path and reverse path optical link8 UNIT Multi-colored LED(Red/Green/Yellow) Indicates if the DEU is normal or faulty. (seeNote)9 HOST PORT Multi-colored LED(Red/Green/Yellow) Indicates if the optical inputs from theDHU or supporting DEU are normal orfaulty. (see Note)Note: A detailed description of LED operation is provided in Section 5.1.5 Terms and DefinitionsRefer to Table 4 for a listing of the terms used in this manual and their definition.Table 4. Terms and DefinitionsTERM DEFINITIONAlarm Response The response to an alarm input.Base Transceiver Station The radio equipment that transmits and receives the voice andcontrol channels to and from the cellular handsets.Composite Signal The sum of several combined signals.Digital Expansion Unit The unit that extends a single optical interface to multiple opticalinterfaces or that extends an optical run.Digital Host Unit The unit that converts and provides the digital source signal to all DEUsand DRUs and converts summed inputs from DEUs and DRUs.(Continued)Table 4. Terms and Definitions (Continued)
ADCP-75-110 • Issue B • March 2001Page 13© 2001, ADC Telecommunications, Inc.TERM DEFINITIONDigital Remote Unit The unit that interfaces the in-building user to the Digivanceoptical transportDigitized RF Signal The RF signal in a digitized form.Forward Path Signal A signal that travels from the base station to the cell phone.Major Alarm An alarm condition that applies when any fault (except hightemperature) occurs.Minor Alarm The alarm condition that applies when a high temperature conditionoccurs. (> 70º C/158º F)Mute To force a forward path RF signal to a “no signal” stateNormal State The operating state after power-up is completed and no faults aredetected.Port An RF, optical, or electrical interface point.Port Alarm A fault that affects only the unit connected to that port.Power-Up State The period between the application of power to a unit and thenormal state. This period includes time for circuit stabilization andinitialization operations.Reverse Path Signal A signal that travels from one or more cell phones to the base station.Transport Alarm Signal An alarm signal transported over the fiber optic link.Unit Alarm A fault within a unit that usually affects all connected ports.1.6 SpecificationsRefer to Table 5 for the Digivance ICS system specifications.Table 5. System SpecificationsPARAMETER SPECIFICATION REMARKSOptical - All UnitsFiber type Multimode 50 or 62.5 micron core Two fibers per linkMaximum Fiber Length 500 m750 mWith 62.5 micron coreWith 50 micron coreOptical Output Power –10 to +4 dBmOptical Wavelength 850 nmEnvironmentalOperating Temperature 0º to 50º C (32º to 122º F)Storage Temperature –30º to +70º C (–22 to 158º F)Humidity No condensationWeather resistance Indoor installation only(Continued)
ADCP-75-110 • Issue B • March 2001Page 14© 2001, ADC Telecommunications, Inc.Table 5. System Specifications (Continued)PARAMETER SPECIFICATION REMARKSRF Forward PathSystem Bandwidth 25 MHzFrequency range Cellular: 869 to 894 MHzOutput power +13 +/– 1 dB compositeGain variation +/– 3 dB< 1.5 dB variationOver frequency, temperature,and unit-Per 1.25 MHz CDMA channelIP3> +35 dBmCDMA ACPR1 < –45 dBcSpurious Output < –35 dBmDHU input signal level –20 dBm maximum Provides a +13 dBm RF outputsignal at the DRURF Reverse PathSystem bandwidth 25 MHzFrequency Range US Cellular: 824 to 849 MHzGain 10 +/– 1 dBGain Variation +/– 3 dB< 1.5 dB variationOver frequency, temperature,and unit-unitPer 1.25 MHz CDMA channelAutomatic GainLimiting Prevents A/D saturation withlarge inputs. Disabled forcomposite RF input < –40 dBmNoise Figure < 12 dB 10 + 10 log n (n = # of users)DHU output signal level –30 dBm maximum With a –40 dBm compositemaximum input signal at theDRUPhysical/Electrical - DHUWeight 17.5 lbs (7.9 kg)RF connection Type N femaleAlarm connection Screw terminals (14–26 AWG) NO, NC, and COMOptical connection Duplex LC adapterDC power connection RJ-45 femalePower source 120–240 VAC, 50–60 HzPower consumption 24 W typicalCurrent rating 85–250 VAC, 2 Amp input(Continued)
ADCP-75-110 • Issue B • March 2001Page 15© 2001, ADC Telecommunications, Inc.Table 5. System Specifications (Continued)PARAMETER SPECIFICATION REMARKSPhysical/Electrical - DEUWeight 17.5 lbs (7.9 kg)Optical connection Duplex LC adapterDC power connection RJ-45 femalePower source 120–240 VAC, 50–60 HzPower consumption 22 W typicalCurrent rating 85–250 VAC, 2 Amp inputPhysical/Electrical -DRUWeight 2 lbs (0.9 kg)RF connection SMA femaleAntenna types Ceiling mount omnidirectionalDirectional panel90º directional panelCeiling mount hallwayCenter mount (2.5 dBi gain)Wall mount (8 dBi gain)Corner mount (7.5 dBi gain)Center mount( 4 dBi gain)Optical connection Duplex LC adapterDC power connection RJ-45 femalePower source 48 +/– 1 VDC nominal 48 VDCPower consumption 17 W typicalCurrent rating 48 VDC, 350 mA input
ADCP-75-110 • Issue B • March 2001Page 16© 2001, ADC Telecommunications, Inc.2 INSTALLATION PLANNING AND SYSTEM DESIGNThis section provides installation planning information and basic system design recommendationsfor RF engineers that will be designing and installing an in-buildling coverage solution using theDigivance ICS. System design and planning services are available from ADC if required. Refer tosection 6of this manual for additional information.2.1 Base Station Interface RequirementsThe DHU may be interfaced either locally or remotely with the BTS. As referenced in thispublication, the BTS could be either amicrocell or a cell site base station. With alocalinterface, ahard-wire connection is provided between the DHU and the BTS (microcell) usingcoaxial cables. With aremote interface, an over-the-air connection is provided between theDHU and the BTS (cell site base station) using a donor antenna.2.1.1 Local BTS (Microcell) InterfaceAlocal interface between the DHU and the BTS (microcell) over coax requires specific RFinput and output signal levels at the DHU and BTS. The correct levels can be provided at theBTS and DHU using the Local Interface Unit (LIU). The LIU is an accessory item thatprovides adjustable gain or attenuation in both the RF forward and reverse path. The level ofthe RF output signal from the BTS will vary depending on the type of BTS. Therefore, it willgenerally be necessary to add some gain or some attenuation to the forward path (downlink)signal to provide the recommended composite maximum RF input signal level at the DHUwhich is–20 dBm.When the level of the RF input signal at the DHU is –20 dBm, the level ofthe RF output signal at the DRU will be +13 dBm which is the maximum allowed.In the reverse path, the input signal level required at the BTS will also vary depending on thetype of BTS. When the level of the reverse path (uplink) signal at the DRU is at therecommended composite maximum of –40 dBm,the level of the RF output signal from theDHU is –30 dBm.Therefore, it may be necessary to add some gain or attenuation to thereverse path signal in order to achieve the required RF input signal level at the BTS. Ablockdiagram showing a typical local DHU to BTS interface is provided in Figure 8.LOCALINTERFACEUNITFORWARD(DOWNLINK)REVERSE (UPLINK)+13 dBm(COMPOSITEMAX)-40 dBm(COMPOSITEMAX)-20 dBm(COMPOSITE MAX)-30 dBm(COMPOSITE MAX)Fig 8B-ADIGITALHOSTUNITOPTICAL LINKOPTICAL LINKDIGITALREMOTEUNITDIRECTIONAL ANTENNATO/FROM HANDSETSLOCAL BASETRANSCEIVER STATION(MICRO CELL)T1 LINKTO SWITCHFigure 8. Local BTS Interface Block Diagram
ADCP-75-110 • Issue B • March 2001Page 17© 2001, ADC Telecommunications, Inc.The LIU is rack or wall mountable and is powered by 120–240 VAC (50–60 Hz) power. Referto the Digivance Local Interface Unit User Manual (ADCP-75-113) for acomplete descriptionof the LIU.2.1.2 Remote BTS (Cell Site Base Station) InterfaceAremote interface between the DHU and the BTS (cell site base station) via a donor antennarequires specific RF input and output signal levels at the DHU and antenna. The correct levelsat the DHU and antenna can be provided using the Remote Interface Unit (RIU). The RIU isan accessory item that provides adjustable gain or attenuation in both the RF forward andreverse paths. The RIU connects to adirectional antenna through aduplexer which providesseparate forward and reverse path connections for the DHU. In the forward path (downlink),the RIU provides the recommended composite maximum RF input signal level at the DHUwhich is –20 dBm.When the level of the RF input signal at the DHU is –20 dBm, the level ofthe RF output signal at the DRU is +13 dBm which is the maximum allowed.In the reverse path, the required RF output signal level to the donor antenna will varydepending on the distance from the BTS. When the level of the reverse path (uplink) signal atthe DRU is at the recommended composite maximum level of –40 dBm,the level of the RFoutput signal from the DHU is –30 dBm.Therefore, it may be necessary to add some gain orattenuation to the reverse path signal in order to achieve the required output signal level at theRIU antenna port. Ablock diagram showing atypical remote DHU to BTS interface isprovided in Figure 9.The RIU is rack or wall mountable and is powered by 120–240 VAC (50–60 Hz) power. Referto the Digivance Remote Interface Unit User Manual (ADCP-75-114) for acompletedescription of the RIU.DIRECTIONAL ANTENNA TO/FROM CELL SITE BTSFig 9B-AREMOTEINTERFACEUNITFORWARD(DOWNLINK)REVERSE (UPLINK) +13 dBm(COMPOSITEMAX)-40 dBm(COMPOSITEMAX)-20 dBm(COMPOSITEMAX)-30 dBm(COMPOSITEMAX)DIGITALHOSTUNITOPTICAL LINKOPTICAL LINKDIGITALREMOTEUNITDIRECTIONAL ANTENNATO/FROM HANDSETSFigure 9. Remote BTS Interface Block Diagram
ADCP-75-110 • Issue B • March 2001Page 18© 2001, ADC Telecommunications, Inc.2.2 Location and Mounting Requirements2.2.1 DHU and DEU Location and Mounting RequirementsThe DHU and the DEU may be either rack mounted or wall mounted. Fasteners (both metricand US standard) are included with each unit for rack mount applications. Apair of reversiblemounting brackets is provided that allows the unit to be mounted in either a19-inch or 23-inchEIA or WECO equipment rack. When rack-mounted, the front panel of the unit is flush withthe front of the rack. The cable management tray extends 3.9 inches (99 mm) beyond the frontpanel. Both the DHU and DEU occupy 3.5 inches (89 mm) of rack space. Make sure themechanical loading of the rack will be even to avoid ahazardous condition such as aseverelyunbalanced rack. The rack should safely support the combined weight of all the equipment itholds.For wall-mount applications of the DHU or DEU, apair of holes is provided in the cablemanagement tray that allows the unit to be mounted on any flat vertical surface. The mountingholes are spaced 11.66 inches (296 mm) apart. Orient the DHU/DEU so the front panel facesup when mounted. Appropriate fasteners for wall mounting must be provided by the installer.It is recommended that abacker board such as 3/4-inch plywood be installed over themounting surface to provide a secure base for attaching the DHU or DEU.Mount the DHU and DEU in anon-condensing indoor environment such as inside awiringcloset or within an environmentally controlled cabinet. All controls, connectors, and indicatorsare mounted on the front panel. Route all cables to the front panel for connection. Use thecable retainers provided on the cable management tray to secure the fiber optic, DC power,and local alarm system cables.The maximum recommended ambient temperature for the DHU and DEU is 50º C (122º F).Allow sufficient air circulation or space between each unit when installed in amulti-unit rackassembly because the operating ambient temperature of the rack environment might be greaterthan room ambient. Provide aminimum clearance of 3 inches (76 mm) on both the left andright sides of the unit for air intake and exhaust. Refer to Figure 2 for the DHU dimensionsand Figure 6 for the DEU dimensions.2.2.2 DRU Location and Mounting RequirementsThe DRU may be wall-mounted or ceiling-mounted. The DRU is equipped with four integralmounting feet that allow it to be fastened to any flat vertical or horizontal surface. Holes areprovided in the mounting feet for inserting fasteners. Appropriate fasteners for securing theDRU to the selected mounting surface must be provided by the installer.Mount the DRU in anon-condensing indoor environment. Route the DC power cable and fiberoptic links to the DRU front panel for connection. Route the antenna coaxial cable to the DRUrear panel for connection. Provide aminimum of 3 inches (76 mm) of clearance space (more ifcover will be required) on all sides of the DRU (except the bottom) to ensure there is adequateair circulation for cooling. In addition, at least one surface of the DRU installation area mustbe open to the interior of the building. Refer to Figure 4 for the DRU dimensions.
ADCP-75-110 • Issue B • March 2001Page 19© 2001, ADC Telecommunications, Inc.2.3 Powering Requirements2.3.1 DHU and DEU PoweringThe DHU and DEU are powered by 120–240 VAC (50–60 Hz) which is supplied through astandard three-conductor AC power cord. The 120 VAC power cord is provided with the unitand is 98 inches (2.5 m) long. The DHU has a power consumption rating of 24 watts and theDEU has a power consumption rating of 22 watts.Locate each unit so that an AC outlet iswithin the reach of the power cord.If back-up powering is required, it is recommended that the building Uninterruptible PowerSupply (UPS) system be used to provide back-up power to the DHU and DEU in the event ofan AC power outage.2.3.2 DRU PoweringThe DRU is powered by 48 VDC power which is supplied to the DRU through the front panelRJ-45 connector. Power to the DRU may be provided by the DHU, DEU, or by a 120 VAC to48 VDC power converter (available separately as an accessory item) plugged into a properlygrounded 120 VAC outlet. The DRU has a power consumption rating of 17 watts.If the DRU will be powered by the DHU or DEU, the power cable must be fabricated on-siteby the installer. Use category 5twisted pair cable as the power supply cable when the DRU ispowered by the DHU or DEU. Route the power cable between the power source and the DRU.Terminate both ends of the power cable with a male RJ-45 connector.The DRU may be powered locally by the AC/DC converter, shown in Figure 10, which is availableas an accessory item. The converter is aUL Listed stand alone Limited Power Supply (LPS) unitwith arated output of 48 VDC at 1.2 A. The converter is equipped with a6-foot (1.8 m) DC powercable which is terminated with an RJ-45 male connector. The converter is powered by 120–240VAC (50–60 Hz) power which is supplied though astandard three-conductor AC power cord. The120 VAC power cord is 6feet (1.8 m) long and is provided with the converter.15988-AFigure 10. AC/DC Power Converter
ADCP-75-110 • Issue B • March 2001Page 20© 2001, ADC Telecommunications, Inc.2.4 Optical Options and RequirementsEach DHU and its associated DEUs and DRUs are connected over a pair of fiber optic links.One link transports the forward path optical signal and the other link transports the reversepath optical signal. Either 50 or 62.5 micron core multi-mode fiber optic cable may be usedfor the optical link. If 50 micron cable is used, the optical link may be up to 750 meters(2,460.75 ft) in length. If 62.5 micron cable is used, the optical link may be up to 500 meters(1,640.5 ft) in length.Whenever possible, use conduit or aguideway such as the FiberGuide system to route the opticallinks between the DHU, the DEUs, and the DRUs. Avoid routing optical fibers through ladder typecable racks or troughs that do not provide sufficient support to limit bending or prevent accidentaldamage. Tie-wrapping is not recommended as ameans of securing fiber optic cables. Providesufficient slack at each unit for connecting each fiber to the required port. Fibers may be pre-terminated or terminated on-site using field-installable LC type connectors.2.5 Coaxial Cable RequirementsThe DHU interfaces either locally (see Figure 8) or remotely (see Figure 9) with the BTSthrough coaxial cable connections. In alocal interface with the BTS, coaxial cables arerequired to link the DHU with the LIU and the LIU with the BTS. In aremote interface,coaxial cables are required to link the DHU with the RIU and the RIU with the donor antenna.The DHU, LIU, and RIU are equipped with N-type female connectors for connecting theforward and reverse path coaxial cables. Use high performance, flexible, low loss 50-ohmcoaxial communications cable (RG 400 or equivalent) for all connections.2.6 System Expansion PlanningThe DEU enables 6-way expansion of any optical port. This makes is possible to add moreDRUs without having to install additional DHUs. Each DHU is equipped with six opticalports. If more than six DRUs are required by the application, aDEU may be connected to oneof the optical ports at the DHU which expands that port to six ports. If still more optical portsare required, then asecond DEU may be connected to the DHU or a second DEU may beconnected to the first DEU. The ability to cascade DEU’s in parallel or in series providesunlimited flexibility. It is physically possible to connect an unlimited number DRUs to theDHU through the installation of DEUs.The total number of DRU’s that can be served is limited by the cumulative noise effect causedby antenna combining. This number cannot be determined until the radius distance ofcoverage required at the DRU antenna is determined and the path loss attributed to thestructure are known. The system design requires that the carrier to noise differential be greaterthan the customer’s desired signal to noise ratio.If it is likely that the system will be expanded in the future, locate the DHU in such away that it caneither be used as ahub for an expanded system or replaced with aDEU which is then connected to arelocated DHU. It should also be noted that aDEU can be used as an optical regenerator. ADRUmay sometimes need to be located at apoint that is beyond the 500 or 750 meter limit (dependingon fiber type) imposed by the optical link. The solution is to install aDEU at the maximum opticallink limit (500 or 750 meters) from the DHU. This provides an additional 500 or 750 meters ofoptical link beyond the DEU for connecting the DRU.
ADCP-75-110 • Issue B • March 2001Page 21© 2001, ADC Telecommunications, Inc.2.7 DRU Antenna OptionsFour antennas, shown in Figure 11, are available from ADC for use with the DRU. Allantennas include a 6 foot (1.8 m) long 50-ohm coaxial cable (equipped with SMA maleconnector) for connection to the DRU. The DRU is equipped with an SMA female connectorfor connecting the antenna cable.The DRU antennas are designed for unobtrusive mounting within an office environment. Eachtype of antenna provides aspecific coverage pattern in order to accommodate the shape of thearea where coverage is required. The ceiling-mount omnidirectional antenna provides 2.5 dBiof gain and is designed to mount in the center of the coverage area. The directional panelantenna provides 8 dBi of gain and is designed to mount vertically on one side of the coveragearea. The 90º panel antenna provides 7.5 dBi of gain and is designed to mount vertically in thecorner of the coverage area. The ceiling mount hallway antenna provides 4 dBi of gain and isdesigned to mount in the center of long corridors. Other antennas other than those offered byADC may also be used if required.Note:To comply with Maximum Permissible Exposure (MPE) requirements, antennas mustbe installed to provide at least 20 centimeters of separation from all persons per FCC 47 CFRpart 2.1091.6.14 INCH DIAMETER1.05 INCH DEPTHMOUNTING STUDLENGTH - 1.5 INCHES7.26 INCHES3.88 INCHES2.26 INCHES8.65 INCHES6.55 INCHES2.38 INCHES7.90 INCHES2.38 INCHES8.65 INCHESCEILING-MOUNTHALLWAYCEILING-MOUNTOMNIDIRECTIONALDIRECTIONAL PANEL(WALL-MOUNT)90 DEGREE DIRECTIONAL(CORNER MOUNT)MOUNTING STUDLENGTH - 3.85 INCHESALL ANTENNAS ARE EQUIPPED WITHA 72-INCH RG58/U CABLE TERMINATED WITH A MALE SMA CONNECTORMOUNTING STUDLENGTH - 1.5 INCHES16237-AFigure 11. DRU Antenna Options
ADCP-75-110 • Issue B • March 2001Page 22© 2001, ADC Telecommunications, Inc.2.8 Local Alarm System Reporting RequirementsThe DHU provides normally open (NO) and normally closed (NC) dry alarm contacts forreporting minor and major alarms to an external alarm system. Aminor alarm is defined as ahigh temperature condition. Amajor alarm is defined as any fault condition except hightemperature. Connections to the alarm contacts are provided through a screw-type terminalstrip. Use #26 AWG insulated solid copper wire for the alarm wires. If an external alarmsystem is not in use, no alarm connections are required.2.9 Maintenance RequirementsThe Digivance ICS requires no regular maintenance to insure continuous and satisfactoryoperation. Maintenance, as it applies to the Digivance ICS, primarily involves diagnosing andcorrecting service problems as they occur. Faults and failures arising from within theDigivannce ICS will generate an external alarm response which includes lighting an LEDindicator(s) and closing or opening aset of alarm contacts. When an alarm is reported, it willbe necessary to isolate the source of the problem by observing the LED indicators on each unitand then performing specified tests to isolate the problem. Once the source of the fault isisolated, the appropriate action can be taken to correct the problem. The only unit componentsthat can be replaced are the cooling fans which mount in the DHU and the DEU. The failure ofany other component within aunit will require replacement of the unit. Basic troubleshootingprocedures are provided in section 5 of this manual.2.10 System Design RecommendationsFollow asystematic process when designing an in-building coverage solution. The followingsub sections outline the four phases of the in-building coverage solution design process.System design and planning services are available from ADC if required. Refer to section 6of thismanual for additional information.2.10.1 Phase One - Initial EvaluationQualify the Installation: Confirm that there are no extenuating circumstances that wouldprevent asuccessful installation such as: extreme cellular system issues (blocking, severeinterference, site problems, etc.), building issues, power issues, or safety issues (site shouldnot present any hazards or conditions that would make operation of the equipment unsafe).Analyze the RF Situation: Determine how the system RF link to the outside world will beprovided. Will it be a direct feed from aBTS (microcell) or an over-the-air connection via adonor antenna? If it is a donor antenna, is the customer within the coverage footprint of aserving cell or better? The coverage can be determined during the preliminary walkthrough bychecking the downlink Received Signal Strength Indication (RSSI) outside the building with aunity gain sampling antenna. Sometimes arooftop reading is needed to obtain asufficientsignal level. Note that it is an FCC violation to expand the normal coverage footprint of acellular site with an in-building product. In addition, consider the impact the system will haveon traffic, especially the busy hour. Confirm with the service provider that the expectedincrease in the volume of calls will be addressed (if needed), possibly with additionalequipment such as additional channels or a microcell.
ADCP-75-110 • Issue B • March 2001Page 23© 2001, ADC Telecommunications, Inc.Determine the Amount of Building Attenuation: If a donor antenna will provide the RF linkto the BTS, determine if there is enough signal isolation between the donor antenna and the in-building system to avoid afeedback loop and signal degradation. This step can often beaccomplished during the preliminary walkthrough.Discuss Installation with Building Management and Engineering: Discuss all initiallyanticipated Digivance ICS coverage areas (including any obviously desirable cable routings,equipment installations, power and mechanical requirements) with the authorized client andbuilding personnel for an initial approval/confirmation. This gives a good estimate of theextent of the system work needed. Occasionally, some of the system design work can beaccomplished at this point.2.10.2 Phase Two - System DesignDetermine forward and reverse path loss and then design for unity gain on the uplinkand maximum power out of the DRU on the downlink:The overall purpose of theDigivance ICS is to transparently overcome attenuation losses, not to provide additional gainbeyond what is required to bring the signal to unity gain. Complete the following steps tomake this determination:1. Determine the in-building reverse path (uplink) losses at typical operating frequenciesand distances from the subscriber handset (terminal) to the DRU. This information willbe used to determine the optimal uplink signal level to the outside world.2. Determine the typical composite cell site Effective Radiated Power (ERP) into thesystem. Calculate the interface adjustment required to feed the required downlink signallevel to the DHU in order to drive the DRU output signal at the desired level.Determine the location of the DHU and its RF and AC power sources: Complete thefollowing steps to make this determination:1. Determine where and how the DHU will be mounted.2. Determine the location of the DHU AC power source.3. Determine the RF source (LIU with BTS or RIU with BTS through donor antenna) forthe DHU.4. If an LIU connection with the BTS is required, determine the distance to the DHU.5. If a RIU connection with the BTS is required, determine what type of antenna is neededand where it can be mounted.6. Determine the attenuation or amplification requirements for the DHU to BTS interface.

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