ARRIS VT2500 Broadband Voice Gateway User Manual 521569 001 VT2400 VT2500 Manual

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User Guide
VT2500/VT2400
Voice Gateway
Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary License
Configuration: Basic Gateway TCP/IP Wireless Print Server USB
WARNING: TO PREVENT FIRE OR SHOCK HAZARD, DO NOT EXPOSE THIS PRODUCT TO RAIN OR
MOISTURE. THE UNIT MUST NOT BE EXPOSED TO DRIPPING OR SPLASHING. DO NOT PLACE OBJECTS
FILLED WITH LIQUIDS, SUCH AS VASES, ON THE UNIT.
CAUTION: TO PREVENT ELECTRIC SHOCK, THIS EQUIPMENT MAY REQUIRE A GROUNDING
CONDUCTOR IN THE LINE CORD. CONNECT THE UNIT TO A GROUNDING TYPE AC WALL OUTLET USING
THE POWER CORD SUPPLIED WITH THE UNIT.
CAUTION: THIS PRODUCT WAS QUALIFIED UNDER TEST CONDITIONS THAT INCLUDED THE USE OF
THE SUPPLIED CABLES BETWEEN SYSTEMS COMPONENTS. TO ENSURE REGULATORY AND SAFETY
COMPLIANCE, USE ONLY THE PROVIDED POWER AND INTERFACE CABLES AND INSTALL THEM PROPERLY.
CAUTION: DIFFERENT TYPES OF CORD SETS MAY BE USED FOR CONNECTIONS TO THE MAIN SUPPLY
CIRCUIT. USE ONLY A MAIN LINE CORD THAT COMPLIES WITH ALL APPLICABLE PRODUCT SAFETY
REQUIREMENTS OF THE COUNTRY OF USE.
CAUTION: INSTALLATION OF THIS PRODUCT MUST BE IN ACCORDANCE WITH NATIONAL WIRING
CODES AND CONFORM TO LOCAL REGULATIONS.
CAUTION: DO NOT OPEN THE UNIT. DO NOT PERFORM ANY SERVICING OTHER THAN THAT CONTAINED
IN THE INSTALLATION AND TROUBLESHOOTING INSTRUCTIONS. REFER ALL SERVICING TO QUALIFIED
SERVICE PERSONNEL.
CAUTION: CHANGES AND MODIFICATIONS NOT EXPRESSLY APPROVED BY MOTOROLA FOR
COMPLIANCE COULD VOID USER’S AUTHORITY TO OPERATE THE EQUIPMENT.
When using this device, basic safety precautions should always be followed to reduce the risk of fire, electric
shock and injury to persons, including the following:
•
Read all of the instructions listed here and/or in the user manual before you operate this equipment. Give
particular attention to all safety precautions. Retain the instructions for future reference.
•
This device must be installed and used in strict accordance with manufacturer’s instructions as described in
the user documentation that comes with the product.
•
Comply with all warning and caution statements in the instructions. Observe all warning and caution symbols
that are affixed to this equipment.
•
Comply with all instructions that accompany this equipment.
•
Do not overload outlets or extension cords, as this can result in a risk of fire or electric shock. Overloaded AC
outlets, extension cords, frayed power cords, damaged or cracked wire insulation, and broken plugs are
dangerous. They may result in a shock or fire hazard.
•
Route power supply cords so that they are not likely to be walked on or pinched by items placed upon or
against them. Pay particular attention to cords where they are attached to plugs and convenience
receptacles, and examine the point where they exit from the product.
•
Place this equipment in a location that is close enough to an electrical outlet to accommodate the length of
the power cord.
•
Place unit to allow for easy access when disconnecting the power cord of the device from the AC wall outlet.
•
Do not connect the plug into an extension cord, receptacle, other outlet unless the plug can be fully inserted
with no part of the blades exposed.
•
Place this equipment on a stable surface.
VT2500/VT2400 Voice Gateway User Guide
ii
Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary License
Configuration: Basic Gateway TCP/IP Wireless Print Server USB
•
Postpone cable modem installation until there is no risk of thunderstorm or lightning activity in the area.
•
Avoid using this product during an electrical storm. There may be a risk of electric shock from lightning. For
added protection for this product during a lightning storm, or when it is left unattended and unused for long
periods of time, unplug it from the wall outlet, and disconnect the cable system. This will prevent damage to
the product due to lightning and power surges.
•
It is recommended that the customer install an AC surge protector in the AC outlet to which this device is
connected. This is to avoid damaging the equipment by local lightning strikes and other electrical surges.
•
Do not cover the device, or block the airflow to the device with any other objects. Keep the device away from
excessive heat and humidity and keep the device free from vibration and dust.
•
Wipe the unit with a clean, dry cloth. Never use cleaning fluid or similar chemicals. Do not spray cleaners
directly on the unit or use forced air to remove dust.
•
Avoid damaging the cable modem with static by touching the coaxial cable when it is attached to the earth
grounded coaxial cable TV wall outlet.
•
Always first touch the coaxial cable connector on the cable modem when disconnecting or re-connecting USB
or Ethernet cable from the cable modem or the user’s PC.
•
Operate this product only from the type of power source indicated on the product’s marking label. If you are
not sure of the type of power supplied to your home, consult your dealer or local power company.
•
Upon completion of any service or repairs to this product, ask the service technician to perform safety checks
to determine that the product is in safe operating condition.
Be sure that the outside cable system is grounded, so as to provide some protection against voltage surges and
built-up static charges. Article 820-20 of the NEC (Section 54, Part I of the Canadian Electrical Code) provides
guidelines for proper grounding and, in particular, specifies the CATV cable ground shall be connected in the
grounding system of the building, as close to the point of cable entry as practical.
FCC Compliance Class B Digital Device
This device complies with part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) This
device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) This device must accept any interference received, including
interference that may cause undesired operation.
Note: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to
part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference
when the equipment is operated in an environment. This equipment generates, uses and can radiate radio
frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful
interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a
particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can
be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one
or more of the following measures:
•
Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.
•
Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.
•
Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected.
•
Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.
Changes or modification not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user’s
authority to operate the equipment.
VT2500/VT2400 Voice Gateway User Guide
iii
Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary License
Configuration: Basic Gateway TCP/IP Wireless Print Server USB
Canadian Compliance
This Class B digital apparatus meets all requirements of the Canadian Interference-Causing Equipment
Regulations. Cet appareil numerique de la class B est conforme la norme NMB-003 du Canada.
FCC Certification
This product contains a radio transmitter and accordingly has been certified as compliant with 47 CFR Part 15 of
the FCC Rules for intentional radiators. Products that contain a radio transmitter are labeled with FCC ID and the
FCC logo.
Important VoIP Service Information
Any services provided through this equipment:
•
Are not intended to replace or be a substitute for primary line voice services or Plain Old Telephone Service
(POTS)
•
Are not meant to provide guaranteed 911 or E911 services or to permit access to 411 directory assistance
services
VT2500/VT2400 Voice Gateway User Guide
iv
Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary License
Configuration: Basic Gateway TCP/IP Wireless Print Server USB
The service provider, not Motorola, is responsible for the provision of VoIP telephony services through this
equipment. Motorola shall not be liable for, and expressly disclaims, any direct or indirect liabilities, damages,
losses, claims, demands, actions, causes of action, risks or harms arising from or related to the services provided
through this equipment.
IMPORTANT: You CANNOT make any calls using this VoIP device if your broadband connection is not functioning
properly or if you lose electrical power.
CAUTION: Exposure to Radio Frequency Radiation.
To comply with the FCC RF exposure compliance requirements, the separation distance between the antenna and
any person’s body (including hands, wrists, feet and ankles) must be at least 20 cm (8 inches).
Canada - Industry Canada (IC)
The wireless radio of this device complies with RSS 210 and RSS 102 of Industry Canada.
This Class B digital device complies with Canadian ICES-003.
Cet appareil numérique de la classe B est conforme à la norme NMB-003 du Canada.
To prevent radio interference to the licensed service, this device is intended to be operated indoors and away from
windows to provide maximum shielding. Equipment (or its transmit antenna) that is installed outdoors is subject to
licensing.
Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and (2)
This device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.
This device has been designed to operate with two antennae: one is a detachable dipole antenna (reverse SMA
type, Tx and RX) that has a maximum gain of 3 dBi; the second is a chip antenna (RX type only) that has a
maximum gain of 2 dBi. Any antenna having a higher gain is strictly prohibited per regulations of Industry Canada.
The required antenna impedance is 50 ohms.
To reduce potential radio interference to other users, the antenna type and its gain should be so chosen that the
equivalent isotropically radiated power (EIRP) is not more than that required for successful communication.
Only use the antenna(s) provided with this product or an antenna approved by Motorola.
Regulatory, Safety, Software License, and Warranty Information Card
This product is provided with a separate Regulatory, Safety, Software License, and Warranty Information card. If
one is not provided with this product, please ask your service provider or point-of-purchase representative, as the
case may be.
•
THIS PRODUCT IS IN COMPLIANCE WITH ONE OR MORE OF THE STANDARDS LISTED ON THE
REGULATORY, SAFETY, SOFTWARE LICENSE, AND WARRANTY INFORMATION CARD. NOT ALL
STANDARDS APPLY TO ALL MODELS.
•
NO WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND ARE PROVIDED BY MOTOROLA WITH RESPECT TO THIS PRODUCT,
EXCEPT AS STATED ON THE REGULATORY, SAFETY, SOFTWARE LICENSE, AND WARRANTY
VT2500/VT2400 Voice Gateway User Guide
Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary License
Configuration: Basic Gateway TCP/IP Wireless Print Server USB
INFORMATION CARD. MOTOROLA’S WARRANTIES DO NOT APPLY TO PRODUCT THAT HAS BEEN
REFURBISHED OR REISSUED BY YOUR SERVICE PROVIDER.
Copyright © 2005 by Motorola, Inc.
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form or by any means or used to make any derivative work (such as
translation, transformation or adaptation) without written permission from Motorola, Inc.
Motorola reserves the right to revise this publication and to make changes in content from time to time without obligation on the part of Motorola
to provide notification of such revision or change. Motorola provides this guide without warranty of any kind, either implied or expressed,
including, but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. Motorola may make improvements or
changes in the product(s) described in this manual at any time.
MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Me, Windows NT, and
Xbox are registered trademarks and Windows XP and Xbox Live are trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. Microsoft Windows screen shots are
used by permission of Microsoft Corporation. Macintosh and AppleTalk are registered trademarks of Apple Computer, Inc. Iomega is a registered
trademark of Iomega Corporation. Linux is a registered trademark of Linus Torvalds. Acrobat Reader is a registered trademark of Adobe Systems,
Inc. Netscape and Navigator are registered trademarks of Netscape Communications Corporation. PlayStation is a registered trademark of Sony
Computer Entertainment Inc. UNIX is a registered trademark of the Open Group in the United States and other countries. Wi-Fi is a registered
trademark of the Wi-Fi Alliance. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners.
VT2500/VT2400 Voice Gateway User Guide
vi
Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary License
Configuration: Basic
Advanced
TCP/IP
Wireless
Contents
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Network Connection Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sample Wired Network for Home or Office (VT2400) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sample Wireless Network for Home or Office (VT2500) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sample Combination Wired and Wireless Network for Home or Office (VT2500) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Front Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rear Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Before You Begin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Requirements and Prerequisites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Signing Up for Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Existing Routers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Document Conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Related Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Positioning Your Router for Optimal Wireless Performance (VT2500 only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Hardware Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Antenna Installation (VT2500 only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Physical Placement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Horizontal Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Vertical Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wall Mount Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electrical Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11
11
12
12
13
13
14
Connecting the VT2400/VT2500 to a Network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Setting Up a New Network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Adding the VT2500/VT2400 to an Existing Network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Configuring the Voice Gateway to the Modem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cable Modem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
DSL Modem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Checking the Network Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
17
17
17
18
Basic Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Starting the VT2400/VT2500 Voice Gateway Setup Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Changing the Default Password . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Setting Up Minimum Security Network Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Setting the Firewall Policy and Enabling the Firewall . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Disabling the Wireless Option . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Enabling Wireless Security for Wireless Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway User Guide
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Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary License
Configuration: Basic Gateway TCP/IP Wireless Print Server USB
Gaming Configuration Guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Configuring the Firewall for Gaming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Configuring Port Triggers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Configuring a Gaming DMZ Host . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Help . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
26
26
26
27
28
Rebooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Logging Out . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Advanced Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Using the Getting Started Wizard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Gateway > STATUS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Gateway > WAN — DHCP Client . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Gateway > WAN — PPPoE Client . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Gateway > WAN — Static . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Gateway > LAN — nat config . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Gateway > LAN — dhcp server config . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Gateway > LAN — dhcp leases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Gateway > LAN – static leases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Gateway > PORT FORWARDING — status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Gateway > PORT FORWARDING — config . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Gateway > PORT TRIGGERS - predefined . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Gateway > PORT TRIGGERS - custom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Gateway > DNS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Gateway > LOG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
System > CONTROL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
System > CONFIGURATION — backup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
System > CONFIGURATION — restore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
System > CONFIGURATION — reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
System > LOG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
Firewall > FIREWALL — basic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Firewall > FIREWALL — advanced . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Firewall > CONTENT FILTER — status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Firewall > CONTENT FILTER — config . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Firewall > SCHEDULES — status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
Firewall > SCHEDULES — config . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Firewall > LOG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
Voice > STATUS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Voice > SERVICE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Users > USERS — status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Users > USERS — config . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
Users > USER GROUPS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Users > LOG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Wireless > STATUS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Wireless > NETWORK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Wireless > SECURITY – basic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
Wireless > SECURITY – advanced . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
Wireless > STATISTICS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
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Configuration: Basic Gateway TCP/IP Wireless Print Server USB
Configuring TCP/IP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
Configuring TCP/IP in Windows 95, Windows 98, or Windows Me . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
Configuring TCP/IP in Windows 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Configuring TCP/IP in Windows XP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Verifying the IP Address in Windows 95, Windows 98, or Windows Me . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Verifying the IP Address in Windows 2000 or Windows XP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
Setting Up Your Wireless LAN (WLAN) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Encrypting Wireless LAN Transmissions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
Configuring WPA on the VT2500 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
Configuring WEP on the VT2500 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
Restricting Wireless LAN Access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
Configuring the Wireless Network Name on the VT2500 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
Configuring a MAC Access Control List on the VT2500 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
Configuring the Wireless Clients . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
Configuring a Wireless Client for WPA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Configuring a Wireless Client for WEP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Configuring a Wireless Client with the Network Name (ESSID) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Wireless Pages in the VT2500 Setup Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
Wireless > STATUS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Wireless > NETWORK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
Wireless > SECURITY — basic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
Wireless > SECURITY — advanced . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
Wireless > STATISTICS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
Front-Panel Lights and Error Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
Contact Us . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
Frequently Asked Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
Wall Mounting Template . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
Glossary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
Software License . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
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Configuration: BasicConfiguration: Basic Advanced
Advanced
TCP/IP
Wireless
Introduction
Thank you for purchasing the VT2400/VT2500 Voice Gateway for your home, home office, or small
business/enterprise. The VT2400/VT2500 Voice Gateway is ideal for:
•
•
Households having multiple computers that require connection to the Internet and to each other
•
Internet gamers that desire easier setup for:
Homes, small businesses, or home offices that require affordable telephone service
—
programs such as DirectX® 7 or DirectX® 8
—
sites such as MSN Games by Zone.com or Battle.net®
The voice gateway is an adapter that allows up to two analog telephones to use digital telephony services over
any broadband Internet connection using:
•
a cable modem with high-speed data service from a cable television company
•
a DSL (digital subscriber line) modem with high-speed data service from a telephone company
Because the voice gateway is directly connected to your broadband modem, the it can prioritize voice calls over
data traffic. This helps ensure high-quality phone service. In addition, it offers rich features for enhanced
telephone service, such as caller ID.
The voice gateway also provides a built-in router (VT2400/VT2500) and wireless access point (VT2500 only) for a
home or small office network.
Models
The VT2400/VT2500 Voice Gateway family includes these models (the VT2500 and VT2400 are covered in this
manual):
VT2000
Provides two telephone lines and connection to a router and a modem. Refer to
the VT2000/VT1000 Series Voice Terminal User Guide for details.
VT2400
Provides two telephone lines, a built-in router, and connection to a modem
VT2500
Provides two telephone lines, a built-in wireless access point and router, and
connection to a modem
You can use a VT2400/VT2500 with almost any:
•
Cable modem or DSL modem (broadband modem)
•
Microsoft Windows®, Macintosh®, or UNIX® computer with a 10Base-T or 10/100Base-T Ethernet adapter
Features
The VT2400/VT2500 Voice Gateway provides:
•
Up to two lines of robust, full-featured telephone and fax service
•
Voice-over-data prioritization, which allows you to talk on the phone while using the Internet wihout a
reduction in voice quality
•
VPN pass-through support for remote access to enterprise applications
VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway User Guide
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Configuration: Basic
Advanced
TCP/IP
Wireless
•
Full network connectivity in a single unit, eliminating the cost and clutter of stand-alone routers, hubs, and
wireless access points
•
•
•
Portability — can plug into any broadband connection (cable or DSL)
•
Easy Web-based configuration
•
Support for rich telephone service features such as caller ID, call waiting, three-way calling, call forwarding,
etc.
•
Firewall and parental controls
Plug-and-play installation
Compact, low-profile design
Network Connection Types
As shown in the following illustrations, the VT2400/VT2500 Voice Gateway can be set up with a wired or wireless
connection, or a combination of the two:
•
•
Ethernet (wired) local area network (LAN)
•
Combination Ethernet and Wireless LAN (VT2500 only)
Wireless LAN (802.11b/g, WiFi certified) (VT2500 only)
VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway User Guide
Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary License
Configuration: Basic
Advanced
TCP/IP
Wireless
Sample Wired Network for Home or Office (VT2400)
The VT2400 Voice Gateway adds advanced routing features and four Ethernet LAN ports, allowing you to connect
multiple PCs without the need for a stand-alone hub or router. The VT2400 also includes a firewall to help protect
your network against external attacks.
Sample Wireless Network for Home or Office (VT2500)
The VT2500 Wireless Voice Gateway offers all the features of the VT2400 with the added convenience of a built-in
802.11b/g wireless access point for wireless access to broadband services. It eliminates the need for stand-alone
routers, hubs, and access points, providing a single platform for connecting telephones and PCs to a broadband
link.
VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway User Guide
Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary License
Configuration: Basic
Advanced
TCP/IP
Wireless
Sample Combination Wired and Wireless Network for Home or Office (VT2500)
The VT2500 Wireless Voice Gateway allows you to set up a combination of wired and wireless PCs and other
devices in your home or office network. Either a cable or DSL modem can be used.
VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway User Guide
Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary License
Configuration: Basic
Advanced
TCP/IP
Wireless
Front Panel
The front panel of your VT2400/VT2500 provides the following LEDs:
Indicator
VT2500/VT2400 Function
Power
Solid green if voice gateway is plugged in and operating normally
Status
Series of blinks indicates various voice gateway events (see next table)
WLAN (VT2500
only)
Green indicates activity on the wireless LAN
WAN
Indicates activity on the WAN (Internet) and link speed *
LAN 1
The devices on a single LAN port or LAN 1 are connected and operational *
LAN 2
The devices on LAN 2 are connected and operational *
LAN 3
The devices on LAN 3 are connected and operational *
LAN 4
The devices on LAN 4 are connected and operational *
Line 1
Series of blinks indicates status of Line 1 (see next table)
Line 2
Series of blinks indicates status of Line 2 (see next table)
* Connection speed is indicated as follows: Green if 100Base-T; Amber if 10Base-T
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Configuration: Basic
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As a troubleshooting aid, the STATUS, LINE 1, and LINE 2 indicators blink as follows during start-up and image
upgrades:
LED Activity
Status LED
Line 1 or Line 2 LEDa
None
N/A
Service is not present on the line
One blink
Performing its initial boot sequence
The line is off the hook
Two blinks
Obtaining its network IP address
N/A
Three blinks
Downloading its configuration profile
from your VoIP provider
N/A
Continuous
Downloading a firmware upgrade
initiated by your VoIP provider
Attempting to reregister with your VoIP provider
after interruption in service (PSTN failover - see
next table)
Solid
N/A
Successfully registered with your VoIP provider
a. Line 2 is optional
The WAN port has a dual color LED to indicate network traffic and connection speed:
LED Activity
WAN LED
Solid green
If there is a 100Base-T connection without activity
Solid amber
If there is a 10Base-T connection without activity
Blinking amber
If there is a 10Base-T connection with activity
Caution!
Never unplug your Motorola voice terminal while its light is blinking continuously. Instead, allow the
image upgrade to finish. If you unplug the Motorola voice terminal during an image upgrade, it may
become inoperable.
VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway User Guide
Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary License
Configuration: Basic
Advanced
TCP/IP
Wireless
Rear Panel
The rear panel provides the following connectors:
Item
Type
Connects To
POWER
12 V
An adapter that you plug into an AC power outlet
LAN
RJ-45
Ethernet connectors for up to four computers/devices
WAN
RJ-45
Ethernet connector to your broadband modem, switch, or hub (“WAN” or
“wide area network” refers here to the Internet)
LINE 1
RJ-11
Telephone line one
LINE 2
RJ-11
Telephone line two
PSTN failover
RJ-11?
Supports a live phone line from the public switched telephone network,
or “land phone” connected to plain old telephone service. If there is a
power failure, phones connected to the voice terminal will still work, but
calls will be routed to the PSTN connection instead of the VoIP
broadband connection.
Reset button
Reboots the voice terminal if your VoIP service provider has enabled it.
VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway User Guide
Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary License
Configuration: Basic
Advanced
TCP/IP
Wireless
Before You Begin
Before you begin installation, check that you received the following items with your VT2400/VT2500:
Item
Description
AC adapter
and line cord
Connects the VT2400/VT2500 to an AC electrical outlet
Ethernet
cable
Connects the WAN port on the VT2400/VT2500 to a
broadband modem (cable or DSL)
Connects the LAN ports on the VT2400/VT2500 to a
computer or other networked device
Vertical mounting stand
Provides vertical mounting on a flat surface for space
economy
Requirements and Prerequisites
In addition to the VT2400/VT2500 Voice Gateway, you also need:
•
An established Internet connection using a DSL or cable modem (refer to the instructions that came with your
modem)
•
Activated voice service from your VoIP provider (see “Signing Up for Service” on page 8)
•
One or two touch-tone telephones
•
Computers with these minimum requirements:
—
Pentium-class processor or faster
—
16 MB of memory
—
10 MB of hard disk space available
— Windows® 98, Windows® 98 SE, Windows® Me®, Windows® NT, Windows® XP or other Web-enabled
PC
—
•
An Ethernet cable for each computer to be wired to the network (one is provided with the voice gateway).
A wireless adapter installed in each computer to be wireless on the network (refer to the instructions that
came with your wireless adapter)
Optional:
—
You may need additional 10/100Base-T category 3 or better straight-through Ethernet cables with RJ-45
terminators to connect additional Ethernet devices (PCs).
—
Plugging the power adapter into a surge protector is also recommended.
Signing Up for Service
To activate voice service, you must provide the MAC address printed on the bar code label marked MTA MAC ID
on the bottom of the VT2400/VT2500 to your VoIP provider.
Existing Routers
If you have an existing router or wireless access point, you should print out the router or wireless access point
configuration screens so that configuring the VT is made easier. Keep the printed copies for reference later.
VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway User Guide
Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary License
Configuration: Basic
Advanced
TCP/IP
Wireless
Precautions
Caution!
Contact your VoIP provider before connecting your VT2400/VT2500 to your
existing telephone wiring. Connect each LINE port to a telephone only; never to
a traditional telephone service.
Postpone installation until there is no risk of thunderstorm or lightning activity in the area.
To prevent overheating the VT2400/VT2500, do not block the ventilation holes on the top and sides of the unit.
Do not open the VT2400/VT2500. Refer all service to your VoIP provider.
Wipe the VT2400/VT2500 with a clean, dry cloth. Never use cleaning fluid or similar chemicals. Do not spray
cleaners directly on the unit or use forced air to remove dust.
Any services provided through this equipment:
•
Are not intended to replace or be a substitute for primary line voice services or Plain Old Telephone Service
(POTS)
•
Are not meant to provide guaranteed 911 or E911 services or to permit access to 411 directory assistance
services
The service provider, not Motorola, is responsible for the provision of VoIP telephony services through this
equipment. Motorola shall not be liable for, and expressly disclaims, any direct or indirect liabilities, damages,
losses, claims, demands, actions, causes of action, risks or harms arising from or related to the services provided
through this equipment.
IMPORTANT: You cannot make any calls using this VoIP device if your broadband connection is not functioning
properly or if you lose electrical power.
Document Conventions
Before you begin using the VT2400/VT2500, become familiar with the style conventions used in this manual:
Bold type
Indicates text that you must type exactly as it appears, fields you are instructed to select
on a graphical user interface (GUI), or a default value
SMALL CAPS
Denotes silk screening on the equipment, typically representing front- and rear-panel
controls and input/output (I/O) connections, and LEDs
Italic type
Denotes a displayed variable, a variable that you must type, or is used for emphasis
KEY
+ KEY
Key combinations indicating that you hold down the first key and then press the
second key
KEY, KEY
Key combinations indicating that you press the first key, release it, and then press the
second key
Courier
font
Indicates text displayed on a graphical user interface (GUI), such as system messages
Related Documentation
The VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway Quick Start Guide provides instructions for end users to quickly set up
and configure the voice gateway.
VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway User Guide
Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary License
Configuration: Basic
Advanced
TCP/IP
Wireless
Installation
Follow the steps and guidelines in this section to physically set up and position the VT2400/VT2500 voice gateway
on a flat surface or mount it on the wall.
Positioning Your Router for Optimal Wireless Performance (VT2500 only)
Your voice gateway has an embedded wireless router that uses a radio transmission technology defined by the
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) called 802.11 Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi). This standard is
subdivided into distinct categories of speed and the frequency spectrum used, designated by the lowercase letter
after the standard.
For example, the router supports both the ‘b’ and ‘g’ specifications. The 802.11b specification transmits data rates
up to 11 Mbps while the 802.11g specification transmits data rates up to 54 Mbps. These are theoretical standards
so performance may vary. The radio waves radiate in a donut-shaped pattern. The waves travel through walls and
floors, but transmission power and distance are affected. The theoretical distance limit is 1,000 feet (305 meters),
but actual throughput and distance varies.
Both standards operate in the 2.4 GHz range, meaning other electrical appliances also might interfere with the
router – televisions, radios, microwave ovens, or 2.4 GHz cordless telephones. Therefore, positioning the voice
gateway where it encounters the least interference helps maintain a better connection.
The following table lists the expected wireless range of the router. This table is only a guide and coverage varies
due to local conditions.
Data Rate
Open Area
Closed Area
54 Mbps
Up to 100 ft (30m)
Up to 60 ft (18 m)
11 Mbps
Up to 900 feet (275 m)
Up to 160 feet (49 m)
5.5 Mbps
Up to 1300 feet (396 m)
Up to 200 feet (61 m)
2 or 1 Mbps
Up to 1500 feet (457 m)
Up to 300 feet (91 m)
To achieve the best wireless performance, review these guidelines before deciding where to place the voice
gateway:
•
Placing the voice gateway in the center of your network is the best location because the antenna sends out
the signal in all directions.
•
Placing the voice gateway in a higher location, such as on top of a cabinet, helps disperse the signal cleanly,
especially to receiving locations on upper stories.
•
If possible, position the voice gateway so there is direct line of sight between the unit and your other home
network devices.
•
Avoid placing the voice gateway next to large solid objects like computer cases, monitors, walls, fireplaces,
etc. This helps the signal penetrate more cleanly.
•
Other wireless devices such as televisions, radios, microwaves, and 2.4 GHz cordless telephones can
interfere with the signal. Keep these devices away from the voice gateway.
•
Mirrors, especially silver-coated, can reduce transmission performance.
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Hardware Setup
Hardware setup includes:
•
antenna installation (VT2500 only)
•
physical placement - horizontal, vertical, or mounted on the wall
•
electrical connection - connecting the power cord
Antenna Installation (VT2500 only)
When shipped, the antenna for the router is not connected to the voice gateway. To attach the antenna to the
voice gateway:
Locate the antenna port on the back of the voice gateway (the threaded knob).
Screw the antenna connector clockwise onto the threaded knob until firmly seated. Do not over-tighten.
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Physical Placement
For desktop use, the voice gateway can be installed either horizontally or vertically. It can also be mounted on a
wall.
Horizontal Installation
Place the voice gateway in the desired location as shown in the figure below.
Follow the installation procedures for connecting and configuring the voice gateway to a network.
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Vertical Installation
Insert the router into the supplied base stand. Ensure that the antenna’s location is on top. The voice
gateway’s foot slides snugly into a notch in the base stand to keep it stable.
Follow the installation procedures for connecting and configuring the voice gateway to a network.
Wall Mount Installation
If you mount the VT2400/VT2500 on the wall, you must:
•
Position the VT2400/VT2500 as specified by the local or national codes governing residential or business
communications services.
•
Follow all local standards for installing a network interface router/network interface device (NIU/NID).
If possible, mount the VT2400/VT2500 to concrete, masonry, a wooden stud, or other solid wall material. Use
anchors when necessary, such as when you must mount the voice gateway on drywall.
To mount the VT2400/VT2500 on the wall:
Print the Wall Mounting Template diagram in the Specifications section of this manual.
The illustration shows the two keyholes with the plus sign that indicates the center where the screws must be
located (7.047 inches apart). The drawing provides the exact dimensions required to mount the
VT2400/VT2500 on a wall.
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To print the Wall Mounting Template, click the Print icon or choose Print from the File menu.
In the Pages field, enter the page number in this manual on which the Wall Mounting Template appears.
Click OK.
Measure the printed template with a ruler to ensure that it is the same size as the template drawing indicates
(7.047 inches).
Use a center punch to mark the center of the holes on the wall.
On the wall, locate the marks for the mounting holes you just made.
Warning!
Before drilling holes, check the structure for potential damage to water, gas, or electric lines.
Drill the holes to a depth of at least 3.8 cm (1½ inches).
If necessary, seat an anchor in each hole. Use M5 x 38 mm (#10-16 x 11/2 inch) screws with a flat underside
and maximum screw head diameter of 10.5 mm to mount the voice gateway.
10 Using a screwdriver, turn each screw until part of it protrudes from the wall, as shown:
•
–There must be 4.0 mm (.16 inches) between the wall and the underside of the screw head.
•
–The maximum distance from the wall to the top of the screw head is 7.6 mm (.3 in).
11 Remove the two plastic feet (nearest to the LED panel) from the bottom of the router to uncover the keyholes.
12 Place the voice gateway so the keyholes are above the mounting screws.
13 Slide the voice gateway down until it stops against the top of the keyhole opening.
14 Follow the installation procedures for connecting and configuring the voice gateway.
Electrical Connection
Your voice gateway does not have an On/Off power switch and therefore is only powered on by plugging in the
power adapter.
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Connect the power adapter to the voice gateway Power port, found on the back of the unit.
Plug the power adapter into a grounded and surge-protected power outlet. The Power LED on the front panel
lights green when connected properly.
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Connecting the VT2400/VT2500 to a Network
If you are setting up a wireless network only, the computers in the following diagrams will not use Ethernet cables
to connect them.
If you have an existing modem, follow the procedure in “Adding the VT2500/VT2400 to an Existing Network”. If
you are setting up a network for the first time (adding devices to a single PC setup), see “Setting Up a New
Network” and then go to “Configuring the Voice Gateway to the Modem” on page 17.
Power connector
LAN (Ethernet)
ports
WAN port
Phone Line 1, 2
PSTN Failover
Setting Up a New Network
Follow these instructions if you have a single PC connected directly to the modem, or no Internet connection until
now.
Be sure the modem and the PCs are turned off and the VT2400/VT2500 is unplugged.
If you only have a single PC connected, disconnect the Ethernet cable from the PC to the modem (on the
modem end only) and connect it to a LAN port on the VT2400/VT2500.
Connect up to three additional PCs using Ethernet cables to the VT2400/VT2500. Connect one end of each
Ethernet cable to a PC and the other end to a LAN port on the VT2400/VT2500.
Connect one end of an Ethernet cable (RJ-45) to the modem, and connect the other end to the WAN port on
the VT2400/VT2500.
Connect up to two existing land phone lines (after you disconnect them from the wall jacks) and connect them
to the LINE 1 and LINE 2 ports on the VT2400/VT2500.
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Adding the VT2500/VT2400 to an Existing Network
You may have a combination of wired and wireless devices on your existing network. Follow these steps to
connect only those PCs to be wired. These instructions will also help you modify an existing network that uses a
separate router or wireless access point.
To connect PCs using an Ethernet cable:
Be sure the existing modem, router, and PCs are turned off and the VT2400/VT2500 is unplugged.
Disconnect the Ethernet cable (RJ-45) that connects the modem to the router (on the router/WAP end only)
and then connect it to the WAN port on the VT2400/VT2500.
Disconnect the Ethernet cables that connect the PCs to the router (on the router/WAP end only) and connect
them to the LAN ports on the VT2400/VT2500.
Connect up to two existing land phone lines (after you disconnect them from the wall jacks) and connect them
to the LINE 1 and LINE 2 ports on the VT2400/VT2500.
Configuring the Voice Gateway to the Modem
Most high-speed Internet connections use a cable modem or a DSL modem. The cable modem is connected to
your cable television company coax cable. The DSL modem is connected to a telephone company phone line.
Determine which modem you are using and gather the information on the worksheet below. You will use this
information in the next section, Basic Configuration, before you check the voice gateway’s connection to your VoIP
provider.
Cable Modem
If you have a cable modem, you will need to contact your cable Internet provider for all of the information in the
Cable Modem column on the worksheet. Or, you can refer to the cable modem configuration pages that you
printed out before setting up the network, as recommended in Section X.
DSL Modem
If you have a DSL modem, you will need to contact your telephone Internet provider for all of the information in the
DSL Modem column on the worksheet. Or, you can refer to the DSL modem configuration pages that you printed
out before setting up the network, as recommended in Section X.
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After you fill in the worksheet, perform the steps that follow the worksheet.
Modem Worksheet
Cable Modem (cable company)
Service Name
DSL Modem (phone company)
_______________________________
________________________
Your User Name _______________________________
________________________
Your Password
_______________________________
________________________
DHCP
Is the IP address obtained dynamically? PPPoE
Yes
No need to fill in the rest of this section
of the work sheet. Proceed to DNS
Server IP Addresses.
N/A
No
What are the values for the Static IP
Address, Subnet Mask, and Default
Gateway:
N/A
Static IP
Address
_______________________________
N/A
Subnet Mask
_______________________________
N/A
WAN Default
Gateway
_______________________________
N/A
What are the DNS server IP addresses? (Sometimes DHCP does not assign them
dynamically, so be sure to ask your cable provider, even if you answered Yes to
DHCP above.) PPPoE requires DNS Server IP Addresses as well.
DNS Server IP 1) _____________________________
Addresses:
2) _____________________________
(up to 3)
3) _____________________________
1) _____________________________
2) _____________________________
3) _____________________________
Checking the Network Connections
Turn on the DSL or cable modem, following the instructions provided with the modem. Wait about two
minutes for it to start up.
Plug the AC power adapter to the POWER connector on the VT2400/VT2500 and the other end to an
electrical outlet. This turns on the VT2400/VT2500 Voice Gateway. You do not need to unplug it when it is not
in use.
Wait about two minutes for the VT2400/VT2500 to start up. The Power light performs a series of blinks, as
described in “Front Panel” on page 5.
After the Power light on the VT2400/VT2500 is solid green, turn on your computer. If the Internet connection
does not work as it did before you installed the VT2400/VT2500, refer to “Troubleshooting” on page 116.
Before you can verify that the phone is working, you need to complete several basic configuration
procedures. Proceed to “Basic Configuration” on page 19.
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Basic Configuration
This section provides initial procedures required for configuring the network attached to the voice gateway. These
include:
•
Starting the VT2400/VT2500 Voice Gateway Setup Program
•
Changing the Default Password
•
Setting Up Minimum Security Network Options, such as selecting the firewall policy, enabling the firewall,
disabling the wireless option (if you are setting up a wired network only), or enabling wireless security (if
setting up a LAN with one or more wireless clients)
•
Gaming Configuration Guidelines
•
Help
•
Rebooting
•
Logging Out
For more advanced configuration information, see “Advanced Configuration” on page 31.
For normal operation, you do not need to change most default settings.
Caution!
To prevent unauthorized configuration, change the default password immediately when you first
configure the VT2400/VT2500. See “Changing the Default Password”.
Firewalls are not foolproof. Choose the most secure firewall policy you can. See “Setting Up
Minimum Security Network Options”.
If you are using a wired LAN only and have no wireless clients, be sure you disable the wireless
interface by turning off Enable Wireless Interface on the Wireless > NETWORK.
For a wireless LAN only, be sure you follow the instructions in “Setting Up Your Wireless LAN
(WLAN)”.
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Starting the VT2400/VT2500 Voice Gateway Setup Program
On a computer wired to the VT2400/VT2500, open a Web browser.
Caution:
Run the voice gateway configuration setup program only from a PC attached to the voice
gateway with an Ethernet cable. Do not use a wireless device to configure the network.
On a computer wired to the VT2400/VT2500, open a Web browser, such as Internet Explorer or Netscape.
In the Address or Location field, type http://192.168.102.1 or http://192.168.0.1 and press ENTER to display
the Log In window:
In the User ID field, type the user name. The default is admin (this field is case sensitive).
In the Password field, type the password. The default is motorola (this field is case sensitive).
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Click Log In to display the VT2400/VT2500 user configuration setup screens:
If you have difficulty starting the VT2400/VT2500 setup program, see “Troubleshooting” for information.
After you edit the field and click Apply for some settings, you are required to reboot the VT2400/VT2500 for
the changes to take effect. Rebooting takes 10 to 15 seconds. After rebooting, you must log in again.
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Changing the Default Password
Caution!
To prevent unauthorized configuration, change the default password immediately when you first
configure the VT2400/VT2500 Voice Gateway.
To change the default password after you log in:
On the Gateway > STATUS page, click Launch Getting Started Wizard to display the Change Admin
Password page:
In the Old Password field, type the old password. The default password is motorola (this field is case
sensitive).
In the New Password field, type the new password.
In the Retype Password field, type the new password again.
Click Apply to make your changes.
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Setting Up Minimum Security Network Options
For basic operation of your network, these tasks must be completed:
•
Selecting the firewall policy and enabling the firewall
•
Disabling the wireless option (if you are setting up a wired network only); or
•
Enabling wireless security (if setting up a LAN with one or more wireless devices
Setting the Firewall Policy and Enabling the Firewall
The VT2400/VT2500 firewall protects your LAN from attacks and other intrusions from the Internet. This section
describes using the Policy > POLICY — config page to choose one of the predefined firewall policies provided
with the voice gateway.
Caution!
Firewalls are not foolproof. Choose the most secure firewall policy possible. To enable easy network
setup, the default firewall policy is None, which provides no security.
The predefined policies provide outbound Internet access for computers on the VT2400/VT2500 LAN. The voice
gateway firewall uses stateful inspection to allow inbound responses when there already is an outbound session
running corresponding to the data flow. For example, if you use a Web browser, outbound HTTP connections are
permitted on port 80. Inbound responses from the Internet are allowed because an outbound session is
established.
To set up a custom firewall, see Firewall > FIREWALL — basic in Advanced Configuration.
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To select a predefined policy for all data processed by the VT2400/VT2500 firewall:
After you log in, click Firewall on the main menu then click Firewall. The Firewall > FIREWALL — basic page
appears.
Click the most secure firewall policy possible.
High
The safest firewall policy template, that provides the highest security. We recommend this setting.
Medium A firewall policy template that provides a common configuration having modest risk.
Low
A firewall policy template that provides minimum security, with a higher risk of intrusions.
Custom You may need to create your own custom firewall policy. Do not create a custom policy unless you have
the necessary expertise and the need to do so.
Click Apply to make your changes.
After you edit the field and click Apply for some settings, you are required to reboot the VT2400/VT2500 for
the changes to take effect. Rebooting takes 10 to 15 seconds. After rebooting, you must log in again.
For more advanced security, you can:
•
View the rules for the High, Medium, and Low predefined policy templates or create a custom policy on the
Firewall > FIREWALL — advanced page.
•
View the firewall logs on the Firewall > LOG page.
•
Configure the VT2500 firewall to allow inbound packets without first establishing an outbound session. You
will also need to configure a port forwarding entry on the Gateway > PORT FORWARDING — config page or
a DMZ client on the Gateway > LAN – static leases page.
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For information about these options refer to Advanced Configuration. For more information about how the firewall
can affect gaming, see Gaming Configuration Guidelines.
Disabling the Wireless Option
If you do not plan to have any wireless devices in your network, make sure the Enable Wireless Interface check
box is not selected on the Wireless > NETWORK page.
Enabling Wireless Security for Wireless Devices
Follow this procedure if you plan to have wireless devices in your network.
On the Wireless > NETWORK page, select the Enable Wireless Interface check box.
Change the ESSID name. Type up to 32 alphanumeric case-sensitive characters.
Caution!
The default ESSID name is Motorola. It is recommended that you change the default immediately upon
setting up your WLAN.
Click Save Changes.
On the Wireless > SECURITY > advanced page, select the ESSID Broadcast check box.
Click Apply.
Go to Setting Up Your Wireless LAN (WLAN) to complete all other required procedures for setting up your
WLAN.
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Gaming Configuration Guidelines
The following sections provide information about configuring the voice gateway firewall and a DMZ for gaming.
Configuring the Firewall for Gaming
By default, the VT2500 firewall is disabled. If you enable the firewall, as recommended, refer to the game’s
documentation to ensure that the necessary ports are open for use by that game.
The predefined VT2400/VT2500 firewall policies affect Xbox LiveTM as follows:
Low
Xbox Live data can pass through the firewall. No user action is required.
Medium or high
To enable Xbox Live traffic to pass, you must configure:
• Choose Firewall > FIREWALL — advanced to create your own custom firewall
• Enter UDP 88:88 and UDP/TCP 3074:3074 on the ...........?
Configuring Port Triggers
Because the voice gateway has predefined port triggers for games using any of the following applications, no user
action is required to enable them:
•
DirectX 7 and DirectX 8
•
MSN Games by Zone.com
•
Battle.net
For a list of games supported by Battle.net, visit http://www.battle.net.
You may need to create custom port triggers to enable other games to operate properly. If you set custom port
triggers and enable the firewall, you must customize the firewall to allow traffic through those ports. To create
custom port triggers, use the Gateway > PORT TRIGGERS - custom page.
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Configuring a Gaming DMZ Host
Caution!
The gaming DMZ host is not protected by the firewall. It is open to communication or hacking from any
computer on the Internet. Consider carefully before configuring a device to be in the DMZ.
Some games and game devices require one of these:
•
The use of random ports
•
The forwarding of unsolicited traffic
For example, to connect a PlayStation® 2 for PS2® online gaming, designate it as the gaming DMZ host because
the ports required vary from game to game. For these games, we recommend configuring the gaming computer or
device as a gaming DMZ device.
To configure a gaming DMZ device, on the Gateway > LAN – static leases page:
Reserve a private IP address for the computer or game device MAC address.
Designate the device as a DMZ device.
You can reserve IP addresses for multiple devices, but only one device can be designated as the gaming DMZ at
a time.
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Help
Use this page to obtain Help screens when using the VT2400/VT2500 graphical user interface. For example....
Help page fields
Field or Button
Description
HELP
Generates a help window that contains a description and other information.
Note to reviewers: is there a search optionon the Help button?
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Rebooting
When you click Reboot, this message appears:
Click OK to reboot the VT2400/VT2500 voice terminal. The current configuration (or changes you just made using
the Apply buttons) will be kept.
Click Cancel to cancel the reboot.
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Logging Out
When you click Log Out, the VT2400/VT2500 Setup Program log in screen appears.
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Advanced Configuration
This section describes how to use the configuration pages in the VT2400/VT2500 Setup Program for configuring
your local and wide area networks. You will need to refer to the Configuration Worksheet you filled out in
Installation to successfully configure your network.
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Gateway > STATUS
Gateway > WAN — DHCP Client
Gateway > WAN — PPPoE Client
Gateway > WAN — Static
Gateway > LAN — nat config
Gateway > LAN — dhcp server config
Gateway > LAN — dhcp leases
Gateway > LAN – static leases
Gateway > PORT FORWARDING — status
Gateway > PORT FORWARDING — config
Gateway > PORT TRIGGERS - predefined
Gateway > PORT TRIGGERS - custom
Gateway > DNS
Gateway > LOG
System > CONTROL
System > CONFIGURATION — backup
System > CONFIGURATION — restore
System > CONFIGURATION — reset
System > LOG
Firewall > FIREWALL — basic
Firewall > FIREWALL — advanced
Firewall > CONTENT FILTER — status
Firewall > CONTENT FILTER — config
Firewall > SCHEDULES — status
Firewall > SCHEDULES — config
Firewall > LOG
Voice > STATUS
Voice > SERVICE
Users > USERS — status
Users > USERS — config
Users > USER GROUPS
Users > LOG
Wireless > STATUS
Wireless > NETWORK
Wireless > SECURITY – basic
Wireless > SECURITY – advanced
Wireless > STATISTICS
After you edit the field and click Apply for some settings, you are required to reboot the VT2400/VT2500 for
the changes to take effect. Rebooting takes 10 to 15 seconds. After rebooting, you must log in again.
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Using the Getting Started Wizard
When you log in to the VT2400/VT2500 setup program, the first screen that appears (Gateway > STATUS)
provides a configuration wizard to help you through the configuration screens. By selecting Launch Getting
Started Wizard on the Gateway > STATUS page, you can access a subset of the configuration screens in
succession. To use the online help, click any field that is underlined on any wizard screen to obtain a Help window,
which provides information to help you configure that particular field.
Voice gateway setup program tabs
Help window Close button
Click to obtain Help window
In the example shown, if you click Enable Manual MTU, the Help window displays information about Maximum
Transmission Unit (MTU). To close the Help screen, simply click the close button in the upper right corner.
When you finish the current screen, click the next tab at the top of the graphical user interface to continue
configuring the voice gateway network. In the example shown, you would click LAN after entering all the
necessary information on the WAN pages.
Refer to the corresponding configuration pages in this section for more help when configuring the network using
the wizard.
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Gateway > STATUS
This page displays the status information for several gateway configuration parameters:
To view a definition of any field on the Status page, click the underlined field. A Help screen appears that
displays the definition.
You may want to select the Launch Getting Started Wizard, which takes you through the minimum screens you
need to verify for any voice gateway network. Refer to “Using the Getting Started Wizard” for more information.
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Gateway > WAN — DHCP Client
Use this page to configure the external (public) wide area network (WAN) interface for an IP Allocation Method of
DHCP Client. Refer to your Modem Worksheet in “Basic Configuration” to determine which type of IP allocation
method you must configure.
Gateway > WAN — DHCP Client page fields
Field
Description
IP ALLOCATION METHOD:
DHCP Client (default)
Use this page if you have a cable Internet provider that uses dynamic IP addressing, which
automatically obtains the public IP address, subnet mask, domain name, and DNS
server(s). DHCP Client is the default IP allocation method.
CONFIGURATION
Request Lease
Click this button to obtain a DHCP leased IP address. Once the lease is acquired, the
assigned settings are displayed. Up to 64 IP addresses can be leased.
Enable IDS
Enables the intrusion detection system (IDS) which inspects all inbound and outbound
network activity.
Enable Manual MTU
Defines the maximum size of the packets sent from your computer to the network. Enter
1500 for an Ethernet LAN (how about for wireless- leave blank?)
Apply (button)
Click Apply to save your changes.
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Gateway > WAN — PPPoE Client
Use this page to configure the external (public) wide area network (WAN) interface with an IP Allocation Method of
PPPoE Client. Refer to your Modem Worksheet in “Basic Configuration” to determine which type of IP allocation
method you must configure.
Gateway > WAN — PPPoE Client page fields
Field
Description
IP ALLOCATION METHOD:
PPPoE Client
Use this page if you have a DSL service provider.
CONFIGURATION
Connect (button)
Click this button to obtain a DHCP leased IP address. Once the lease is acquired, the
assigned settings are displayed.
User Name
Type the user name you selected when you set up your user name in the basic
configuration procedures.
Password
Type the password you selected when you set up your password in the basic configuration
procedures.
Disconnect After
From the list, select the amount of time before being disconnected from the Internet after a
period of inactivity.
Note: The default for auto-reconnect is enabled. When auto-reconnect is enabled, the
disconnect timer is automatically disabled. (Where is auto reconnect configured?)
Enable IDS
Enables the intrusion detection system (IDS), which inspects all inbound and outbound
network activity.
Enable Manual MTU
Defines the maximum transmission unit (size of packets) sent from your computer to the
network. Enter 1500 for an Ethernet LAN. (How about for wireless- leave blank?)
Apply (button)
Click Apply to save your changes.
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Gateway > WAN — Static
Use this page to configure the external (public) wide area network (WAN) interface. The default is DHCP Client.
Refer to your Modem Worksheet in “Basic Configuration” to determine which type of IP allocation method you
must configure.
Gateway > WAN — Static page fields
Field
Description
IP ALLOCATION METHOD:
Static
Use this page if you answered No on the worksheet to “Is the IP address obtained
dynamically?”
CONFIGURATION
IP Address
Type the static IP address provided by the service provider in dotted-decimal format. The
default is None. Example: 192.168.102.150
Subnet Mask
Type the subnet mask associated with the static IP address in dotted-decimal format. The
default is None.
Gateway
Type the default gateway IP address on the WAN for the VT2400/VT2500 in
dotted-decimal format.
Enable IDS
Enables the intrusion detection system (IDS), which inspects all inbound and outbound
network activity.
Enable Manual MTU
Defines the maximum size of the packets sent from your computer to the network. Enter
1500 for an Ethernet LAN (How about for wireless?).
Apply (button)
Click Apply to save your changes.
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Configuration: Basic
Advanced
TCP/IP
Wireless
Gateway > LAN — nat config
Use this page to enable NAT (Network Address Translation) and add clients to the CURRENT NAT
PASSTHROUGH list:
Gateway > LAN — nat config page fields
Field or Button
Description
LAN
Local Area Network
IP Address
The LAN internet protocol (IP) address assigned by your Internet service provider.
Subnet Mask
The subnet mask assigned by your Internet service provider.
Enable NAT
If enabled, the single HFC IP Address (public IP address) assigned by the service provider is
mapped to many private IP addresses on the VT2500 LAN.
Use External Interface IP address Manually enter -
Enable STUN
Enables a protocol for assisting devices behind a NAT firewall or router with their packet
routing. STUN allows applications to discover the presence and types of NATs and firewalls
between them and the public Internet. It provides applications with the ability to determine
the public Internet Protocol (IP) addresses allocated to them by the NAT. STUN works with
many existing NATs and allows for a wide variety of applications to work through existing
NAT infrastructure.
Enable IDS
Enables the intrusion detection system (IDS), which inspects all inbound and outbound
network activity.
Enable Manual MTU
Defines the maximum size of the packets sent from your computer to the network. Enter
1500 for an Ethernet LAN (How about for wireless?)
Apply (button)
Click to Apply your changes. You must reboot the VT2500.
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Configuration: Basic
Advanced
TCP/IP
Wireless
Gateway > LAN — dhcp server config
Only experienced network administrators should use this page to perform advanced DHCP server configuration.
Use this page to configure the DHCP server programs for your private LAN.
CAUTION!
Do not modify these settings unless you are an experienced network administrator with strong
knowledge of IP addressing, subnetting, and DHCP.
Gateway > LAN — dhcp server config page fields
Field
Description
DHCP SERVER
Enable
Select this option to enable the DHCP server settings that follow.
IP Address Pool
You can type the IP address of the VT2400/VT2500 for your private LAN. The default is
192.168.102.1.
When you change the LAN IP address, the voice gateway automatically adjusts the
address pool to match the new subnet, invalidates any leases which conflict with the new
IP address, redirects the active Web logon session to the new address, and moves Telnet
to the new address.
IP Subnet
Displays the subnet mask in dotted-decimal format. The default is 255.255.255.0.
IP Range
Enter the starting IP address and the ending IP address in dotted-decimal format to be
assigned to clients by the DHCP server. The default lease pool size is 64.
Lease Duration
Sets the time in seconds that the VT2500 DHCP server leases an IP address to a client.
The default is 86,400 seconds (24 hours).
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Configuration: Basic
Advanced
TCP/IP
Wireless
Gateway > LAN — dhcp server config page fields (continued)
Field
Description
Wins Server 1
The IP address of the first Windows Internet Naming Service server that assigns IP
addresses dynamically.
Wins Server 2
The IP address of the second Windows Internet Naming Service server that assigns IP
addresses dynamically.
Wins Server 3
The IP address of the third Windows Internet Naming Service server that assigns IP
addresses dynamically.
Enable DNS Proxy
Enables a server that sits between the client application, such as a Web browser, and a
real server. Its job is to improve performance as it intercepts all requests to the real server
to see if it can fulfill the requests itself. If not, it forwards the request to the real server. A
company or household might use a proxy server to prevent its members from accessing a
specific set of Web sites.
Enable DHCP Relay
The Gateway can relay the actual DNS queries to some other server. Such relaying of
DNS querying to some other server is called a DNS relay.
Apply (button)
Click to apply your changes. You must reboot the VT2400/VT2500.
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Configuration: Basic
Advanced
TCP/IP
Wireless
Gateway > LAN — dhcp leases
Use this page to view and configure DHCP leases.
Gateway > LAN — dhcp leases page fields
Field
Description
CURRENT DHCP
LEASES
Displays all DHCP clients that have reserved IP addresses. The table entries represent
both reserved (static) leases added by the user and dynamic leases automatically
assigned by the DHCP server.
IP Address
Displays its reserved IP address.
Host Name
Displays its host name.
MAC Address
Displays the client MAC address.
Binding Type
How the IP address is bound to the network (Dynamic or Static).?
Delete (button)
Select a DHCP lease in the list and click Delete to remove the lease from this list.
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Configuration: Basic
Advanced
TCP/IP
Wireless
Gateway > LAN – static leases
Use this page to configure DHCP static leases, including one for a DMZ device:
Gateway > LAN — static leases page fields
Field
Description
RESERVE NEW IP
ADDRESS
You can reserve up to 64 IP addresses assigned by the VT2400/VT2500 DHCP server for
specific LAN clients. For example, to ensure that they always receive the same private IP
address, you can reserve IP addresses for a private FTP server or gaming DMZ device.
You may reserve up to 16 IP addresses for CPEs on your LAN that are assigned by the
voice gateway’s DHCP server. You may want to reserve an IP address on your LAN for a
particular server (such as a private FTP server) to ensure the designated server always
receives the same private IP address.
MAC Address
Type the MAC address of the DHCP client for which a reserved IP address is required.
The format is 16 hexadecimal numerals.
NOTE: If the MAC Address you entered already has an IP Address assigned and is listed
in the CURRENT DHCP LEASES table as Dynamic on the Gateway > LAN — dhcp
leases page, you must reserve the same IP Address that is listed there for this MAC
Address.
IP Address
Sets the host portion of the reserved IP address for the LAN client having the specified
MAC address. When the LAN client requests an IP address, the VT2400/VT2500 DHCP
server assigns the client this IP address.
Add (button)
After you have entered a MAC address and an IP address, click Add to reserve a new IP
address. The IP address and MAC address appear in the STATIC MAPPINGS table.
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Configuration: Basic
Advanced
TCP/IP
Wireless
Gateway > LAN — static leases page fields (continued)
Field
Description
Static Mappings:
You can select a device to always receive the same IP address by adding a static binding/
mapping. The IP address you specify for the MAC address will always be the one
allocated by the DHCP server.
IP Address
Specifiy the IP address that should always be mapped to the MAC address displayed
alongside it in this table.
MAC Address
This MAC address is always mapped to the IP address displayed alongside it in this table.
Delete (button)
Select an IP/MAC address in the STATIC MAPPINGS table and then click the Delete
button to remove it from the list.
Add a DMZ Host:
Enable DMZ
The gaming DMZ host is a computer with a reserved IP address designated as the default
DMZ host. Only one gaming DMZ host can be active at once.
The gaming DMZ host is not protected by the firewall. It is open to communication or
hacking from any computer on the Internet. Consider carefully before configuring a
computer to be in the DMZ.
The benefit of using a gaming DMZ host instead of a NAT passthrough host is that a
gaming DMZ host does not require a public IP address as does a NAT passthrough host.
If the application requires a public IP address, configure the computer for NAT
passthrough on the Gateway > LAN — nat config page.
IP Address
Sets the host portion of the reserved IP address for the LAN client having the specified
MAC address. When the LAN client requests an IP address, the VT2500 voice gateway
DHCP server assigns the client this IP address.
Apply (button)
Click to apply your changes. You must reboot the VT2400/VT2500.
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Configuration: Basic
Advanced
TCP/IP
Wireless
Gateway > PORT FORWARDING — status
Use this page to view the configured port forwarding entries for the VT2400/VT2500 LAN. Refer to Gateway >
PORT FORWARDING — config for complete definitions of each field.
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Configuration: Basic
Advanced
TCP/IP
Wireless
Gateway > PORT FORWARDING — config
Use this page to configure up to 30 virtual servers.
Gateway > PORT FORWARDING — config page fields
Field
Description
ADD NEW PORT
FORWARDING ENTRY
You can configure up to 64 virtual servers. If you select Custom, you must set the Name,
Port Start, Port End, and LAN IP Address.
Port Forwarding Entry
(new)
Type a unique identifier for the custom virtual server. The typical practice is to use the
protocol as a unique identifier (for example “ftp”).
Service
Sets the LAN internal interface port or the start of a port range. Inbound Internet
connection requests are statically mapped to this port. The voice gateway includes
predefined port triggers (enabled by default) for many popular applications and protocols,
including: DirectX, MS zone.com, Battle.net, Quicktime, Netmeeting H.323, Net2Phone,
MSN Messenger, AOL Instant Messenger. In addition, predefined port forwarding
templates are provided for many applications, such as:
Local IP
• FTP
20, 21
• HTTP
80
• NTP
123
• Secure Shell
22
• SMTP e-mail
25
• Telnet
23
Sets the private LAN IP address for the port forwarding page. An Internet user must know
the public IP address to access any port forwarding entry you define on the private LAN.
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Configuration: Basic
Advanced
TCP/IP
Wireless
Gateway > PORT FORWARDING — config page fields (continued)
Field
Description
Public IP
Enter the public IP address for the Port Forwarding service Note: An Internet user must
know this External (public) WAN Interface IP address in order to access any Port
Forwarding entry you define on the private LAN.
Sets the public LAN IP address for the port forwarding page. An internet user must know
the public IP address to access any port forwarding entry you defined on the private LAN.
Use External interface
IP address
Select this option if you are using an external (does this mean dynamically assigned
addressing?) interface IP address.
Use this IP address
Select this option if you are using a static IP address, then type the address in the field
provided.
Enable PAT
(Port Address
Translation)
Select this box to enable the port forwarding entries to be accessed through network
address translation (NAT).
Notes:
The most common form of address translation between public and private IP addresses is
NAT. This represents a mapping of one public IP address to many private IP addresses.
Using NAT, you can support up to 253 clients on your private LAN.
If NAT is disabled, then the voice terminal DHCP server is also disabled. In this case, none
of the client devices on your private internal LAN will be assigned an IP address from the
voice terminal DHCP server. Instead, your clients are treated as passthrough devices, and
if they are configured to use DHCP, they will attempt to obtain a public IP address from
your ISP.
Local Port
Add (button)
Click Add to save this virtual server to the PORT FORWARDING list. The configured
port(s) appear on the Gateway > PORT FORWARDING — status page.
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Configuration: Basic
Advanced
TCP/IP
Wireless
Gateway > PORT TRIGGERS - predefined
When you run a PC application that accesses the Internet, it communicates with a computer on the Internet. In
some applications, especially gaming, the computer on the Internet also communicates with your PC. Because
NAT does not normally allow these incoming connections, the VT2400/VT2500 supports port triggering.
The VT2400/VT2500 is preconfigured with port triggering for common applications. You can also configure
additional port triggers if needed. Configuring port triggers for an application requires:
•
The application transport protocol — TCP or UDP
•
The application port number
You can use the default values for the remaining parameters.
Only one computer at a time connected to the VT2400/VT2500 can use an application that requires port
triggering. Use this page to view predefined port triggers.
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Configuration: Basic
Advanced
TCP/IP
Wireless
Gateway > PORT TRIGGERS — predefined page fields
Field
Description
CONFIGURED PORT
TRIGGERING TABLE
Name
Displays the unique name for the port triggers. This is typically the protocol name.
Enable
Select this box to activate the port triggers for the predefined application.
Protocol
Displays the transport protocol for the port trigger — TCP or UDP.
Port Range
Displays the port range (From/To) for the port trigger.
Session Chaining
Displays the session chaining selection for the port trigger — Disable, TCP, or TCP/UDP.
Session Interval
Displays the session interval set for the port trigger.
Address Replace
Displays the address replacement method for the port trigger.
Multi Hosts
Displays the multi-host selection for the port trigger.
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Configuration: Basic
Advanced
TCP/IP
Wireless
Gateway > PORT TRIGGERS - custom
Use this page to create a custom port trigger:
Gateway > PORT TRIGGERS — custom page fields
Field
Description
ADD NEW PORT
TRIGGER
Name
Enter the unique name for the port trigger. This is typically the protocol.
Enable
Select this box to enable the custom port trigger.
Protocol
Sets the transport protocol for the port trigger — TCP or UDP.
Port Range
(From:To)
Sets the port range for the port trigger. Type the start of the range in the left field and the end in
the right field.
Session Chaining
Enable session chaining if the application needs to open one or more ports in different ranges to
operate properly. The options are Disable, TCP, or TCP/UDP.
Session Interval
Sets the session interval for the application:
• If the port triggers detect traffic on the Port Range within the Session Interval, it is considered
to be related to the initial session.
• If the port triggers detect traffic on the Port Range after the Session Interval expires, it is
considered to be a new and unique session.
Address Replace
Sets the address replacement method for the application.
Multi Host
Select if appropriate for the application.
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Configuration: Basic
Advanced
TCP/IP
Wireless
Gateway > PORT TRIGGERS — custom page fields (continued)
Field
Add
Description
Click to add the port trigger to the PORT TRIGGERS TABLE.
PORT TRIGGERS TABLE Lists all defined port triggers and their parameters.
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Configuration: Basic
Advanced
TCP/IP
Wireless
Gateway > DNS
Use this page to configure the local Domain Name Servers:
Gateway > DNS page fields
Field
Description
DNS
DNS Server 1
Type the IP address for the first DNS server (refer to the Configuration Worksheet you
completed in Section 2). Valid numbers are between 0 and 255. The ISP Domain Name
Server provides name-to-IP address translation. If your ISP does not automatically assign
your DNS addresses from their DHCP server, they will need to provide you with at least
one DNS server IP address that you enter in the DNS IP Address fields. You may manually
enter two more. Example: 192.168.102.1
DNS Server 2
Type the IP address of a second DNS server as described above.
DNS Server 3
Type the IP address of a third DNS server as described above.
DNS Search Domain 1 Type the domain name of DNS Server 1. Example: www.example.com
DNS Search Domain 2 Type the domain name of DNS Server 2.
DNS Search Domain 3 Type the domain name of DNS Server 3.
Always use these
DNSs
When this check box is selected, the voice gateway will use the DNS Servers specified on
the Gateway > DNS page. If not selected, the DNS Servers obtained from external servers
are used.
Apply (button)
Click to apply your changes. (Is a reboot required?)
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Configuration: Basic
Advanced
TCP/IP
Wireless
Gateway > LOG
Use this page to view detailed information about the gateway:
Gateway > LOG page fields
Field
Description
GATEWAY LOG
The table shows the logging information related to gateway activity.
Clear Log (button)
Clears the entries in the log. Types of entries include DHCP server lease information, wireless
client associations, and user interface access (log in, etc.) The log can hold up to xx entries.
Time
The date and time of the event in the format yyyy-mm-dd hh:mm:ss
Description
The URL or Web page accessed.
Source Address
The source IP address of the inbound or outbound message.??
Destination Address The destination IP address of the inbound or outbound message.??
Rule Number
The firewall profile rule applicable to this entry. Refer to Firewall > FIREWALL — advanced
for more information about firewall rules.
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Configuration: Basic
Advanced
TCP/IP
Wireless
System > CONTROL
Use this page to view and configure the Global System Controls.
System > CONTROL page fields
Field
Description
SYSTEM CONTROLS
Enable Global
Firewall
If you disable the global firewall, all the traffic will be allowed to pass through the firewall,
irrespective of the policy rules configured. Default is .....
Enable Global
Content Filter
Enable the global content filter to use the profiles configured under the Content Filter Profiles.
Enable Global
Logging
Enable global logging to log gateway system events, such as .....
Use Port Forwarding Applies port forwarding rules to all traffic, as defined on the Gateway > PORT FORWARDING
for All Traffic
— config page. If this option is enabled, the firewall allows incoming connections to any virtual
servers (using port forwarding rules), even if firewall rules are configured to block them. This
provides a way to create a port forwarding rule to allow traffic without having to reconfigure the
firewall.
Enable SIP ALG
The gateway can act as SIP ALG (Session Initiation Protocol Application Layer Gateway)
when enabled. Recommended for interactive communication sessions between users for
voice, video, chat, interactive, games, and virtual reality.
Apply (button)
Click Apply to save your changes.
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Configuration: Basic
Advanced
TCP/IP
Wireless
System > CONFIGURATION — backup
Use this page to back up the current system configuration:
System > CONFIGURATION — backup page fields
Field
Description
BACK UP SYSTEM
CONFIGURATION
Apply (button)
Click Apply to back up the current configuration. When the Save dialog appears, click Save to
preserve the configuration file.
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Configuration: Basic
Advanced
TCP/IP
Wireless
System > CONFIGURATION — restore
Use this page to restore the system configuration to one that was backed up previously:
System > CONFIGURATION — restore page fields
Field
Description
RESTORE SYSTEM
CONFIGURATION
Enter Filename
Enter the path of the configuration file from which the configuration is to be restored. Use the
Browse button to select the path and file name.
Apply (button)
Click Apply to restore the VT2400/VT2500 configuration to the settings in the file specified in
the Enter filename field.
This message appears: “Device will be rebooted after configuration restore. Continue?”
Click Yes to continue or click Cancel to keep the current configuration.
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Configuration: Basic
Advanced
TCP/IP
Wireless
System > CONFIGURATION — reset
Use this page to reset the current system configuration to the factory default settings.
System > CONFIGURATION — reset page fields
Field
Description
INITIALIZE SYSTEM
CONFIGURATION
When system configuration is reset, all Gateway and Wireless feature settings shall not be
reset to factory defaults.
Initialize (button)
Click Initialize to restore the factory default configuration settings. It is highly recommended
that you back up the current configuration before restoring factory defaults. See System >
CONFIGURATION — backup for more information.
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Configuration: Basic
Advanced
TCP/IP
Wireless
System > LOG
Use this page to view detailed information about system activity:
System > LOG page fields
Field
Description
SYSTEM LOG
The table shows the logging information related to the system. The Time shows the time of the
event was logged. Description column gives a brief description about the event logged. The
source and destination addresses specify the source and destination of the packet. The rule
number shows the firewall rule number which resulted in the event
Clear Log (button)
Clears the entries in the log. Types of entries include predefined or custom firewall profile
changes or additions, ...............?
Time
The date and time of the event in the format yyyy-mm-dd hh:mm:ss
Description
The URL or Web page accessed.
Source Address
The source IP address of the inbound or outbound message.??
Destination Address The destination IP address of the inbound or outbound message.??
Rule Number
The firewall profile rule applicable to this entry. Refer to Firewall > FIREWALL — advanced
for more information about firewall rules.
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Configuration: Basic
Advanced
TCP/IP
Wireless
Firewall > FIREWALL — basic
Use this page to view and edit the existing firewall profiles. Predefined firewall templates are defined in the table
following this screen’s field definitions.
Firewall > FIREWALL — basic page fields
Field
Description
FIREWALL PROFILES
Use these fields to select one of the predefined firewall profiles for all packets processed
by the voice gateway firewall.
Name (chgd)
The name of the firewall profile. Predefined firewall profiles names include High, Medium,
and Low.
High
Provides the safest configuration and highest security
Medium
Provides the most common configuration with modest risk
Low
Provides minimum security and higher risk
Custom
Use this to create a customized firewall policy. Press Apply then enter the applicable
information (see the Firewall > FIREWALL — advanced page).
Description (chgd)
A description of the profile type
Apply (button)
Select Apply to save your changes.
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Configuration: Basic
Advanced
TCP/IP
Wireless
Predefined Firewall Template Definitions
Firewall
Low
inbound
PSEC-IKE, IPSEC-ESP, IPSEC-AH, ICMP messages, RSVP messages - native and
UDP-encapsulated, Kerberos, RTP/RTCP, MGCP, SNMP
outbound
DHCP, ICMP, DNS, FTP, TFTP, SMTP, POP3, HTTP, HTTPS, NNTP, PPTP, L2TP, IPSEC-IKE,
IPSEC-ESP, IPSEC-AH, AOL instant messenger, Microsoft instant messenger, Yahoo instant
messenger, TFTP, DirectX7-based applications, DirectX8-based applications, Battle.net,
Microsoft Zone.com-based applications, RSVP messages (native and UDP-encapsulated),
XBox, SYSLOG, Kerberos, RTP/RTCP, MGCP, Gnutella, LineWire, Bearshare, Morpheus,
IGMP, H.323, T.120, ICQ, ICQ Chat, Real Player, Microsoft Media Player, Telnet, RIP, SNMP
Denial of Service
SYN Flooding, Land Attach (source IP = destination IP), WinNuke, SMURF, ICMP Flood, Ping
Flood, Ping of Death (are these the same for medium)
Intrusions
IMAP Scan, Echo Scan, Chargen Scan, TCP Syn ACK Syn, TCP FIN Scan, TCP RESET
Scan, Back Orifice Scan, Net Bus Scan, IP Spoofing UDP Bomb, XMAS Tree (are these the
same for medium)
Medium
Medium is not addressed in the specification
inbound
outbound
Denial of Service
Intrusions
High
inbound
PSEC-IKE, IPSEC-ESP, IPSEC-AH, ICMP messages, RSVP messages - native and
UDP-encapsulated, Kerberos, RTP/RTCP, MGCP, SNMP
outbound
DHCP, ICMP, DNS, FTP, TFTP, SMTP, POP3, HTTP, HTTPS, NNTP, PPTP, L2TP, IPSEC-IKE,
IPSEC-ESP, IPSEC-AH, AOL instant messenger, Microsoft instant messenger, Yahoo instant
messenger, TFTP, DirectX7-based applications, DirectX8-based applications, Battle.net,
Microsoft Zone.com-based applications, RSVP messages (native and UDP-encapsulated),
XBox, SYSLOG, Kerberos, RTP/RTCP, MGCP, Gnutella, LineWire, Bearshare, Morpheus,
IGMP, H.323, T.120, ICQ, ICQ Chat, Real Player, Microsoft Media Player, Telnet, RIP, SNMP
Denial of Service
SYN Flooding, Land Attach (source IP = destination IP), WinNuke, SMURF, ICMP Flood, Ping
Flood, Ping of Death (are these the same for medium)
Intrusions
MAP Scan, Echo Scan, Chargen Scan, TCP Syn ACK Syn, TCP FIN Scan, TCP RESET
Scan, Back Orifice Scan, Net Bus Scan, IP Spoofing UDP Bomb, XMAS Tree (are these the
same for medium)
None
Allows all packets through the firewall. The firewall is, in effect, disabled.
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Configuration: Basic
Advanced
TCP/IP
Wireless
Firewall > FIREWALL — advanced
Do not create a custom firewall policy unless you have the expertise necessary to do so. Instead, select one of the
predefined policy templates as described in “Setting Up Minimum Security Network Options”.
Use this page to configure custom firewall profiles. This page also appears when you edit a firewall profile on the
Firewall > FIREWALL — basic page:
Firewall > FIREWALL — advanced page fields
Field
Description
ADD NEW FIREWALL
PROFILE
Use these fields to set up one or more custom firewalls if you have the expertise to do so.
The voice gateway’s predefined firewall is enabled for the “admin” user. See Firewall >
LOG to see which firewalls are enabled.
Profile Name
The profile name
Save Profile (button)
Click Save Profile to save the profile name and to continue configuring it. The new name
is displayed on the Firewall > FIREWALL — basic page.
RULE NFORMATION
Enable Rule
Up to 30 IP filtering rules can be configured.
Select this box to enable firewall policy filtering for the port using this rule.?
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Configuration: Basic
Advanced
TCP/IP
Wireless
Firewall > FIREWALL — advanced page fields (continued)
Field
Description
Enable Logging
If you enable logging for the firewall, a list is always generated. Any IP address the firewall
determines to have breached the active policy is added to the log. The firewall blocks all
traffic to and from a denied IP address for 24 hours or until you reboot the VT2400/VT2500
or manually clear the log on the Firewall > LOG page. ???????????
Select Service (new)
From the list, select All Services or a single service to which this new profile applies.
Protocol (new)
Select the protocol type for the service defined.
Destination Ports (new) Specify the destination port range for this newly created service.
Allow Inbound (new)
Inbound direction indicates WAN to LAN. If you want the selected service to be allowed
from WAN to LAN, this check box must be selected
Allow Outbound (new)
Outbound direction indicates LAN to WAN. If you want the selected service to be allowed
from LAN to WAN, this check box must be selected
Buttons:
Add
Adds the profile to the Firewall > FIREWALL — basic page.
Move Down, Move to
Bottom
Allows you to prioritize rules by moving them up or down (one at a time) after you select
one in the list under RULES IN THIS PROFILE.
Delete
Deletes the profile after selecting it in the list under RULES IN THIS PROFILE. This
message appears: “Name Firewall Profile is about to be deleted. Are you sure?” Click OK
to delete it or Cancel to keep it. Predefined firewall profiles (Low, Medium, High) cannot
be deleted
RULES IN THIS PROFILE
Service
The URL types covered by this profile
Protocol
The protocols covered by this profile
Port Range
The ports covered by this profile
Logging
Events are logged or are not logged
Enabled
The rule is enabledor not enabled
Allow 1B
???
Allow 0B
???
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Configuration: Basic
Advanced
TCP/IP
Wireless
Firewall > CONTENT FILTER — status
Use this page to view and edit the existing Content Filter Profiles:
Firewall > CONTENT FILTER— status page fields
Field
Description
CONTENT FILTER
PROFILES
Profile Name
Name for the custom or predefined Content Filter Profile you created or selected on the
Firewall > FIREWALL — advanced page.
Low
A filter that provides minimum security with a higher risk of intrusions. See Predefined
Firewall Template Definitions in Firewall > FIREWALL — basic section.
Medium
A filter that provides a common configuration that has moderate risk.
High
A filter that provides the highest security. This setting is recommended.
Description
Need
Applied to
Need
URLs
The Uniform Resource Locator (URL) names, such as msn.com, which are protected under
the content filter. URLs identify the IP address of Web pages and other resources on the
World Wide Web.
Edit (button)
Allows you to edit custom filter profiles. See the Firewall > CONTENT FILTER — config page
for more field information. Predefined filter profiles (Low, Medium and High) cannot be edited.
Delete (button)
Allows you to delete custom filter profiles. Predefined filter profiles (Low, Medium and High)
cannot be deleted.
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Firewall > CONTENT FILTER — config
Use this page to view and configure new Content Filter Profiles, such as parental controls, employee access
controls, and so on. Content filtering does not occur automatically; you must configure it. In addition, profiles must
be defined for content filtering to work. Otherwise, all data passes through the firewall unprotected. (TRUE?)
Firewall > CONTENT FILTER — config page fields
Field
Description
ADD NEW CONTENT FILTER PROFILE:
Profile Name
Enter a name for the Content Filter Profile. Enter the url rules one by one and then click on
Save Profile to save the profile. If Save Profile button is not clicked the profile will not be
saved.
Host Name/IP Address Enter the Host name or IP address of the PC to which this content filter profile has to be
applied
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Firewall > CONTENT FILTER — config page fields (continued)
Field
Description
Apply the CF profile to above entity for following schedule:
Select Schedule
The Content Filter profile will be applied to the specified PC only for the specified
schedule. The “Always” schedule is predefined. You can define a new schedule by
selecting Add New Schedule from the drop down list.
New Schedule Name
The name of the schedule.
Specifiy Days
The days during which the schedule is active.
Specify Time
The time of day during which the schedule is active. If you select Always, the schedule is
active 24 hours a day, seven days a week. Or you can manually enter the time (in hours
and minutes) during which the schedule is active.
Save Profile (button)
Click Save Profile to save the filter profile name and continue configuring it. The new
name is displayed on the Firewall > CONTENT FILTER — status page. Select the profile
name you just created and then click Edit to continue configuring it. Or click Delete to
delete it
RULE INFORMATION:
Enable Rule
Select this check box to activate the rule. If not selected, the rule is still created but it won’t
be in effect.
Select Action:
Select the action (Allow or Deny) to be taken when this rule is applied. You can select a
particular URL to be allowed or denied:
Allow
Allows access to the URL by users on the network.
Deny
Denies access to the URL by users on the network.
URL Pattern
Type the URL/Web site pattern to be allowed or denied (for key word filtering?)
Regular Expression
A URL is treated as a regular expression. This option is useful when using wildcards such
as *, ? etc.
Add (button)
Adds the URL pattern to the URL PATTERNS IN THIS PROFILE list.
Move Down, Move Up, Prioritizes the URL pattern in the URL PATTERNS IN THIS PROFILE list after you select it.
Move to Bottom, Move
to Top (buttons)
Edit (button)
Allows you to edit the URL pattern in the URL PATTERNS IN THIS PROFILE list.
Delete (button)
Allows you to delete the URL pattern in the URL PATTERNS IN THIS PROFILE list.
RULES IN THIS PROFILE
URL Type
URL Pattern
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Firewall > SCHEDULES — status
Use this page to view, edit, and delete the existing schedule profiles.
Firewall > SCHEDULES — status page fields
Field or Button
Description
SCHEDULE PROFILES
Schedule
Type the name of the schedule.
Schedule Entries
Enter the days and time range for the schedule
Edit (button
Select a schedule in the XXXXXXXXX list and click the Edit button. Refer to Firewall >
SCHEDULES — config for changing configuration information.
Delete (button)
Select a schedule profile in the SCHEDULES IN THIS PROFILE list and click Delete. The
entire schedule profile is removed from xxxxxxxx on the Firewall > SCHEDULES — status
page.
NOTE: To remove individual schedules from a profile, select them on the Firewall >
SCHEDULES — status page and then click Delete.
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Firewall > SCHEDULES — config
Use this page to configure new schedule profiles and edit existing schedule profiles.
Firewall > SCHEDULES — config page fields
Field
Description
ADD NEW SCHEDULE
Schedule Name
Type the name of the schedule profile.
Save Profile (button) Click the Save Profile button to save the profile name, which appears on the Firewall >
SCHEDULES — status page. Select the schedule name you just created and then click Edit
to continue configuring it. Or click Delete to delete it.
SCHEDULE ENTRY
Specify Days
Select the days for this schedule to be active.
Specify Time:
Always - select for the schedule to be active 24 hours per day, seven days a week.
Manual Time- select to specify a time range and then select the hours and minutes in the
From and To lists.
Add (button)
When you finish specifying or changing days and time, click the Add button to add the new
schedule information to the profile.
SCHEDULES IN THIS
PROFILE:
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Firewall > SCHEDULES — config page fields (continued)
Field
Description
Schedule
The schedule name
Start Time
The time the schedule begins
End Time
The time the schedule ends
Delete (button)
To delete a schedule from the profile, select it in the SCHEDULES IN THIS PROFILE list and
click Delete.
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Firewall > LOG
This page displays activity related to the firewall:
Firewall > LOG page fields
Field
Description
Firewall LOG
Allows up to 250 entries. Subsequent entries overwrite the oldest entries in the log. (Not sure
if this definition is the same for the URL Log and the Log under USERS.)
Clear Log (button)
Clears all entries from the log.
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Voice > STATUS
Use this page to view the operational status of the voice gateway:
Voice > STATUS page fields
Field
Description
Parameter
The voice feature, such as line number, caller ID, call forwarding, etc.
Status
The status of the voice feature (enabled, disabled ????)
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Voice > SERVICE
Use this page to view and edit the service provider’s configuration.
Voice > SERVICE page fields
Field
Description
SERVICE CONFIGURATION
VOIP DNS Server
Voice Over IP DNS Server IP Address
VOIP Proxy Server
The IP address of the SIP Proxy Server assigned by your voice service provider
PROVISIONING
Server Address
Enter the IP address of the TFTP server
Server Directory
Enter the directory of the TFTP server
Primary DNS
The Internet Service Provider Domain Name Server provides a primary name-to-IP address
resolution. If your ISP does not automatically assign your DNS addresses from their DHCP
server, they will need to provide you with at least one DNS server IP address that you enter in
the DNS IP address fields.
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Voice > SERVICE page fields (continued)
Field
Description
Secondary DNS
The Internet Service Provider Domain Name Server provides a secondary name-to-IP
address resolution. If your ISP does not automatically assign your DNS addresses from their
DHCP server, they will need to provide you with at least one DNS server IP address that you
enter in the DNS IP Address fields.
Save Changes
(button)
Select to save your changes.
Restore Voice
Factory Defaults
(button)
Select to restore factory defaults for VoIP. Do not select this button unless your service
provider advises you to do so.
Reboot (button)
Reboots the voice gateway.
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Users > USERS — status
Use this page to view, edit, and delete existing users and user groups.
Users > USERS — status page fields
Field
Description
USERS
User Name
Displays the names of all users.
User Group
The user group to which the user belongs. See Users > USER GROUPS for more information
about user groups.
Privilege
The privileges assigned to this user. See Users > USERS — config for more information
about available privileges.
Edit (button)
Edits the selected user in the USERS list. See Users > USERS — config for more information
about editing configuration options.
Delete (button)
Deletes the selected user in the USERS list.
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Users > USERS — config
Use this page to configure new users.
Users > USERS — config page fields
Field
Description
USER SETUP
User Name
Type the user name as it will be entered by the user to log on to the network.
Password
Type at least four characters for the user’s password.
Password (retype)
Retype the user’s password.
User Group
Select a user group from the list. The user is given all the privileges assigned to that group.
See Users > USER GROUPS for more information about user groups.
Add (button)
Click Add when you finish entering user setup information. The user name is added to the
USERS list on the Firewall > FIREWALL — advanced page.
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Users > USER GROUPS
Use this page to configure user groups to which users belong.
Users > USER GROUPS page fields
Field
Description
USER GROUPS
Will this page include a way to create user groups?
User Group
Help screens not provided
Administration
Login
VPN Client Access
Policy
Authentication
Content Filtering
Bypass
NOTE: page 25 of spec says the product supports VPN pass through for IPSEC, PPTP, and L2TP.
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Users > LOG
Use this page to view a log of user activity:
Users > LOG page fields
Field
Description
USER LOG
Clear Log (button)
Clears all entries in the log.
Time
The time frame that a user accessed a particular destination address.
Description
The URL or Web page accessed.
Source Address
The source IP address of the inbound or outbound message.
Destination Address The destination IP address of the inbound or outbound message.
Rule Number
The firewall profile rule applicable to this user. Refer to Firewall > FIREWALL — advanced
for more information about firewall rules.
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Wireless > STATUS
This page provides wireless status information.
Refer to “Setting Up Your Wireless LAN (WLAN)” for a description of each field, or mouse-over the underlined field
name and right-click to view a general description in a Help window.
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Wireless > NETWORK
This page allows you to configure wireless network settings. The default configuration parameters are set to
permit IEEE 802.11 wireless network operation without additional changes. Any 802.11 conforming device may
operate on the network.
Refer to “Setting Up Your Wireless LAN (WLAN)” for a description of each field, or mouse-over the underlined field
name and right-click to view a general description in a Help window.
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Wireless > SECURITY – basic
This page allows you to configure basic wireless security settings for WEP or WPA.
Refer to “Configuring WPA on the VT2500” or “Configuring WEP on the VT2500” under “Setting Up Your Wireless
LAN (WLAN)” for a description of each field. Or, mouse-over the underlined field name and right-click to view a
general description in a Help window.
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Wireless > SECURITY – advanced
This page allows you to configure advanced wireless security settings.
Refer to “Setting Up Your Wireless LAN (WLAN)” for a description of each field, or mouse-over the underlined field
name and right-click to view a general description in a Help window.
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Wireless > STATISTICS
This page provides information about wireless statistics.
Refer to “Setting Up Your Wireless LAN (WLAN)” for a description of each field, or mouse-over the underlined field
name and right-click to view a general description in a Help window.
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Configuring TCP/IP
You must be sure all client computers are configured for TCP/IP (a protocol for communication between
computers). Perform one of these:
•
Configuring TCP/IP in Windows 95, Windows 98, or Windows Me
•
Configuring TCP/IP in Windows 2000
•
Configuring TCP/IP in Windows XP
•
Follow the instructions in your Macintosh or UNIX user manual
After configuring TCP/IP, perform one of the following to verify the IP address:
•
Verifying the IP Address in Windows 95, Windows 98, or Windows Me
•
Verifying the IP Address in Windows 2000 or Windows XP
•
Follow the instructions in your Macintosh or UNIX user manual
Configuring TCP/IP in Windows 95, Windows 98, or Windows Me
On the Windows Desktop, click Start.
Select Settings and then Control Panel from the pop-up menus to display the Control Panel window:
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Double-click the Network icon to display the Network window:
Although your VT model number may be different than in the images in this guide, the procedure is
the same.
Select the Configuration tab.
Verify that TCP/IP is installed for the adapter used to connect to the VT2500. If TCP/IP is installed, skip to
step 10. If TCP/IP is not installed for the adapter, continue with step 6.
Select the adapter to use for the VT2500 connection and click Add. The Select Network Component Type
window is displayed:
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Click Protocol and click Add. The Select Network Protocol window is displayed:
Click Microsoft in the Manufacturers section and click TCP/IP in the Network Protocols section.
Click OK.
10 Click TCP/IP on the Network window. If there is more than one TCP/IP entry, choose the one for the Ethernet
card or USB port connected to the VT2500.
11 Click Properties. The TCP/IP Properties window is displayed:
12 Click the IP Address tab.
13 Click Obtain an IP address automatically.
14 Click OK to accept the TCP/IP settings.
15 Click OK to close the Network window.
16 Click OK when prompted to restart the computer and click OK again.
When you complete TCP/IP configuration, go to “Verifying the IP Address in Windows 95, Windows 98, or
Windows Me”.
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Configuring TCP/IP in Windows 2000
On the Windows Desktop, click Start.
Select Settings and then Control Panel from the pop-up menus to display the Control Panel window:
Double-click the Network and Dial-up Connections icon to display the Network and Dial-up Connections
window:
In the steps that follow, a connection number like 1, 2, 3, etc., is a reference that is displayed on computers with
multiple network interfaces. Computers with only one network interface may only see the label: Local Area
Connection.
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Click Local Area Connection number. The value of number varies from system to system. The Local Area
Connection number Status window is displayed:
Click Properties. Information similar to the following window is displayed:
If Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) is in the list of components, TCP/IP is installed. You can skip to step 10.
If Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) is not in the list, click Install. The Select Network Component Type window is
displayed:
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Click Protocol on the Select Network Component Type window and click Add. The Select Network Protocol
window is displayed:
Click Internet Protocol (TCP/IP).
Click OK. The Local Area Connection number Properties window is re-displayed.
10 Be sure the box next to Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) is selected.
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11 Click Properties. The Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties window is displayed:
12 Be sure Obtain IP address automatically and Obtain DNS server address automatically are selected.
13 Click OK to accept the TCP/IP settings.
14 Click Close to close the Local Area Connection number Properties window.
15 Click OK when prompted to restart the computer and click OK again.
When you complete the TCP/IP configuration, go to “Verifying the IP Address in Windows 2000 or Windows XP”.
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Configuring TCP/IP in Windows XP
On the Windows desktop, click Start to display the Start window:
Click Control Panel to display the Control Panel window. The display varies, depending on the Windows XP
view options. If the display is a Category view as shown below, continue with step 3. Otherwise, skip to
step 5.
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Click Network and Internet Connections to display the Network and Internet Connections window:
Click Network Connections to display the LAN or High-speed Internet connections. Skip to step 7.
If a classic view similar to below is displayed:
Double-click Network Connections to display the LAN or High-speed Internet connections.
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Right-click on the network connection. If more than one connection is displayed, be sure to select the one for
your network interface:
Select Properties from the pop-up menu to display the Local Area Connection Properties window:
On the Local Area Connection Properties window, select Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) if it is not selected.
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10 Click Properties to display the Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties window:
11 Verify that the settings are correct, as shown above.
12 Click OK to close the TCP/IP Properties window.
13 Click OK to close the Local Area Connection Properties window.
When you complete the TCP/IP configuration, go to “Verifying the IP Address in Windows 2000 or Windows XP”.
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Verifying the IP Address in Windows 95, Windows 98, or Windows Me
To check the IP address:
On the Windows Desktop, click Start.
Select Run. The Run window is displayed.
Type winipcfg.exe and click OK. The IP Configuration window is displayed. The Ethernet Adapter
Information field will vary depending on the system, as shown in the following examples:
The values for Adapter Address, IP Address, Subnet Mask, and Default Gateway on the PC will be different
than in the images.
In Windows 98, if “Autoconfiguration” is displayed before the IP Address as in the following image, call your
service provider.
Select the adapter name — the Ethernet card or USB device.
Click Renew.
Click OK after the system displays an IP address.
If after performing this procedure the computer cannot access the Internet, call your cable provider for help.
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Verifying the IP Address in Windows 2000 or Windows XP
To check the IP address:
On the Windows Desktop, click Start.
Select Run. The Run window is displayed.
Type cmd and click OK to display a command prompt window.
Type ipconfig and press ENTER to display the IP configuration. A display similar to the following indicates a
normal configuration:
If an Autoconfiguration IP Address is displayed as in the following window, there is an incorrect connection
between the PC and the VT2500 or there are cable network problems. Check the cable connections and
determine if you can view cable-TV channels on your television:
After verifying the cable connections and proper cable-TV operation, renew the IP address.
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To renew the IP address:
Type ipconfig /renew and press ENTER. If a valid IP address is displayed as shown, Internet access should
be available.
Type exit and press ENTER to return to Windows.
If after performing this procedure the computer cannot access the Internet, call your cable provider for help.
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Setting Up Your Wireless LAN (WLAN)
You can use the VT2500 as an access point for a wireless LAN (WLAN) without changing its default settings.
Caution!
To prevent unauthorized eavesdropping or access to WLAN data, you must enable wireless security. The
default VT2500 settings provide no wireless security. After your WLAN is operational, be sure to enable
wireless security.
To enable security for your WLAN, you can do the following on the VT2500:
To
Perform
Use in Setup Program
Encrypt wireless transmissions Encrypting Wireless LAN Transmissions
and restrict WLAN access
Wireless > SECURITY — basic page
Further prevent unauthorized
WLAN intrusions
Wireless > SECURITY — advanced
page
Restricting Wireless LAN Access
Connect at least one computer to the VT2500 Ethernet port to perform configuration. Do not attempt to configure
the VT2500 over a wireless connection.
You need to configure each wireless client (station) to access the VT2500 LAN as described in “Configuring the
Wireless Clients”.
Caution!
Never provide your ESSID, WPA or WEP passphrase, or WEP key to anyone who is not authorized to use
your WLAN.
For descriptions of all wireless configuration fields, see “Wireless Pages in the VT2500 Setup Program”.
Another step to improve wireless security is to place wireless components away from windows. This decreases
the signal strength outside the intended area.
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Encrypting Wireless LAN Transmissions
To prevent unauthorized viewing of data transmitted over your WLAN, you must encrypt your wireless
transmissions.
Use the Wireless > SECURITY — basic to encrypt your transmitted data. Choose one of:
Configure on the VT2500
Required On Each Wireless Client
If all of your wireless clients support Wi-Fi
Protected Access (WPA), we recommend you
follow Configuring WPA on the VT2500
If you use a local pre-shared key (WPA-PSK) passphrase, you
must configure the identical passphrase to the VT2500 on each
wireless client. Home and small-office settings typically use a
local passphrase.
Configuring a RADIUS server requires specialized knowledge
that is beyond the scope of this guide. For more information,
contact your network administrator.
Otherwise, perform If you need to restore the
You must configure each wireless client with the VT2500’s WEP
wireless defaults, click Reset Security Defaults. key (must be identical)
If all of your wireless clients support WPA encryption, we recommend using WPA instead of WEP because WPA:
•
Provides much stronger encryption and is more secure
•
Provides authentication to ensure that only authorized users can log on to your WLAN
•
Is much easier to configure
•
Uses a standard algorithm on all compliant products to generate a key from a textual passphrase
•
Will be incorporated into the new IEEE 802.11i wireless networking standard
For new wireless LANs, we recommend purchasing client adapters that support WPA, such as the Motorola
Wireless Notebook Adapter WN825G, Wireless PCI Adapter WPCI810G, and Wireless USB Adapter WU830G.
For more information about the benefits of WPA, see the Wi-Fi Protected Access Web page:
http://www.wifialliance.org/OpenSection/protected_access.asp.
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Configuring WPA on the VT2500
After you enable and configure WPA on the VT2500, you must configure each WLAN client as described in the
subsections under “Configuring the Wireless Clients”.
To enable WPA and set the key on the VT2500:
On the VT2500 Setup Program menu, click Wireless.
Click the SECURITY tab to display the Wireless > SECURITY — basic page:
In the Security Mode field, select WPA and click Apply.
Under WPA CONFIGURATION, choose one WPA Encryption type. Because performance may be slow with
TKIP, we recommend choosing AES if your clients support AES:
TKIP
Temporal Key Integrity Protocol provides data encryption including a per-packet key mixing
function, message integrity check (MIC), initialization vector (IV), and re-keying mechanism.
AES
The Advanced Encryption Standard algorithm implements symmetric key cryptography as a
block cipher using 128-bit keys. We recommend this setting if all of your wireless clients
support AES. The Motorola client adapters shown in “Optional Accessories” support AES.
Group Rekey
Interval
Set the WPA Group Rekey Interval in seconds. Set to zero to disable periodic rekeying. The
value should be from 0 - (2^32 -1).
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Choose the WPA Authentication type:
Remote
(Radius)
If a Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service (RADIUS) server is available, you can select this
option and go to step 6. A RADIUS server is typically used in a large corporate location.
Local
(WPA-PSK)
If you choose Pre-Shared Key (PSK) local authentication, if the passphrase on any client
supporting WPA matches the PSK Passphrase set on the VT2500, the client can access the
VT2500 WLAN. To set the PSK Passphrase, go to step 7. A local key is typically used in a home
or small office.
For Remote (Radius) authentication only, set:
Radius Port
The port used for remote authentication through a RADIUS server. It can be from 0 to 65535.
Radius Key
The key for remote authentication. It can be from 0 to 255 ASCII characters.
Radius Server Currently IPv4 only.
Type
Radius Server The RADIUS server IP address in dotted-decimal format (example: 192.168.102.155).
For Local (WPA-PSK) authentication only, set:
PSK
Passphrase
The PSK password containing from 8 to 63 ASCII characters. You must set the identical
passphrase on each WLAN client (see “Configuring a Wireless Client for WPA”).
Click Save Changes.
If you need to restore the wireless defaults, click Reset Security Defaults.
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Configuring WEP on the VT2500
After you enable and configure WEP on the VT2500, you must configure each WLAN client as described in the
subsections under “Configuring the Wireless Clients”.
Use Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) only if you have wireless clients that do not support WPA.
Caution!
If you use WEP encryption, you must configure the same WEP key on the VT2500 access point and all
wireless clients (stations). Never provide your WEP key or passphrase to anyone who is not
authorized to use your WLAN.
To enable WEP and set the key on the VT2500:
On the VT2500 Setup Program menu, click Wireless.
Click the SECURITY tab to display the Wireless > SECURITY — basic page:
In the Security Mode field, select WEP and click Apply.
In the WEP Passphrase field, type a passphrase containing from 8 to 31 ASCII characters. For privacy, your
passphrase displays as dots.
Click Generate WEP Keys. The following window is displayed:
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Click OK. The WEP CONFIGURATION fields now appear something like this:
Before performing step 7, consider the following:
•
If all of your wireless adapters support 128-bit encryption, you can select Enable 128 Bit. Otherwise, you
must select Enable 64 Bit.
•
For a WLAN client equipped with a Motorola wireless adapter, you can enter the WEP Passphrase when
you perform “Configuring a Wireless Client for WEP”. For all other wireless adapters, you will probably
need to enter the generated WEP key that you designate in step 7.
Under WEP CONFIGURATION, set:
WEP
Authentication
Sets whether shared key authentication is enabled to provide data privacy on the WLAN:
• Open System — Any WLAN client can transmit data to any other client without
authentication. It is the default, if the Security Mode is set to WEP.
• Shared Key — The VT2500 authenticates and transfers data to and from all clients having
shared key authentication enabled. We recommend this setting.
Encryption
Use a WEP key length that is compatible with your wireless client adapters. Choose one of:
• Enable 64-Bit — Use only if you have wireless clients that do not support 128-bit encryption
• Enable 128-Bit — We recommend this setting for stronger encryption; it is supported by the
Motorola WN825G and WPCI810G wireless adapters and most current wireless adapters
Key Type
(Key 1 to Key 4)
Select the active key (1 to 4). Only one key can be active. You can generate WEP keys from a
passphrase as described in steps 4 to 6 or type non-case-sensitive hexadecimal characters 0
to 9 and A to F to define up to:
• Four 10-character long key 64-bit WEP keys
• Four 26-character long 128-bit WEP keys
We recommend changing the WEP keys frequently. Never provide the WEP key to anyone
who is not authorized to use your WLAN.
Click Save Changes to save your changes.
If you need to restore the wireless defaults, click Reset Security Defaults.
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Restricting Wireless LAN Access
The default VT2500 wireless settings enable any computer having a compatible wireless adapter to access your
WLAN. To protect your network from unauthorized intrusions, you can restrict access to your WLAN to a limited
number of computers on the Wireless > SECURITY — advanced page.
You can configure one or both of:
Configure on the VT2500
Required On Each Wireless Client
Perform Configuring the Wireless Network Name on the
VT2500 to disable Extended Service Set Identifier (ESSID)
broadcasting to enable closed network operation
You must configure each wireless client with the
VT2500’s ESSID network name (must be identical).
Perform Configuring a MAC Access Control List on the
VT2500 to restrict access to wireless clients with known
MAC addresses
No configuration is required on the client.
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Configuring the Wireless Network Name on the VT2500
If you disable ESSID broadcasting on the VT2500, it does not transmit the network name (ESSID). This provides
additional protection because:
•
Only wireless clients configured with your network name can communicate with the VT2500
•
It is more difficult for unauthorized individuals who scan for unsecured WLANs to access your WLAN
Closed network operation is an enhancement of the IEEE 802.11b and IEEE 802.11g standards.
If you select Disable ESSID Broadcast, you must also perform Configuring a Wireless Client with the Network
Name (ESSID) on all WLAN clients (stations). Never provide your ESSID to anyone who is not authorized to use
your WLAN.
To configure the ESSID on the VT2500:
Start the VT2500 Setup Program as described in “Starting the VT2400/VT2500 Voice Gateway Setup
Program”.
On the Setup Program menu, click Wireless.
Click the NETWORK tab to display the Wireless > NETWORK page:
In the ESSID field, type a unique name. It can be any alphanumeric, case-sensitive string up to
32 characters. The default is “Motorola.” Do not use the default ESSID.
Click Save Changes to save your changes.
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To restrict WLAN access to clients configured with the same Network Name (ESSID) as the VT2500, click the
SECURITY tab.
Click advanced to display the Wireless > SECURITY — advanced page:
Select ESSID Broadcast to restrict WLAN access to clients configured with the same Network Name
(ESSID) as the VT2500.
Click Apply to save your changes.
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Configuring a MAC Access Control List on the VT2500
You can restrict wireless access to one to 32 wireless clients, based on the client MAC address.
To configure a MAC access control list:
On the VT2500 Setup Program menu, click Wireless.
Click the SECURITY tab.
Click advanced to display the Wireless > SECURITY — advanced page:
To restrict wireless access to systems in the MAC access control list, select Allow Only Listed Stations
Access and click Apply.
To add a wireless client, type its MAC address in the format xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx in the New Station field and
click Add Station.
You can add up to 32 wireless clients to the MAC access control list.
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Configuring the Wireless Clients
For each wireless client computer (station), install the wireless adapter — such as a Motorola WN825G,
WPCI810G, or WU830G — following the instructions supplied with the adapter. Be sure to:
Insert the CD-ROM for the adapter in the CD-ROM drive on the client.
Install the device software from the CD.
Insert the adapter in the PCMCIA or PCI slot or connect it to the USB port.
Step 1
Step 2
Step 3
Step 2
Step 3
Step 1
Configure the adapter to obtain an IP address automatically. The Motorola wireless adapters are supplied with a
client configuration program called Wireless Client Manager, which is installed in the Windows Startup group.
On a PC with Wireless Client Manager installed, the
the icon to launch the utility.
icon is displayed on the Windows task bar. Double-click
You may need to do the following to use a wireless client computer to surf the Internet:
If You Performed:
On Each Client, You Need to Review:
Configuring WPA on the VT2500
“Configuring a Wireless Client for WPA”
If you need to restore the wireless defaults, click Reset
Security Defaults.
“Configuring a Wireless Client for WEP”
Configuring the Wireless Network Name on the VT2500
“Configuring a Wireless Client with the Network Name
(ESSID)”
Configuring a MAC Access Control List on the VT2500
No configuration on client required
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Configuring a Wireless Client for WPA
If you enabled WPA and set a PSK Passphrase by “Configuring WPA on the VT2500”, you must configure the
same passphrase (key) on each wireless client. The VT2500 cannot authenticate a client if:
•
WPA is enabled on the VT2500 but not on the client
•
The client passphrase does not match the VT2500 PSK Passphrase
For information about the WPA support in Windows XP, visit:
WPA Wireless Security for Home Networks
http://www.microsoft.com/WindowsXP/expertzone/columns/
bowman/03july28.asp
Overview of the WPA Wireless Security Update in
Windows XP
http://support.microsoft.com/?kbid=815485
You can download the Microsoft Windows XP Support Patch for WPA from
http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/details.aspx?FamilyId=009D8425-CE2B-47A4-ABEC-274845DC9E91&disp
laylang=en.
Caution!
Never provide the PSK Passphrase to anyone who is not authorized to use your WLAN.
Configuring a Wireless Client for WEP
If you enabled WEP and set a key by If you need to restore the wireless defaults, click Reset Security Defaults.,
you must configure the same WEP key on each wireless client. The VT2500 cannot authenticate a client if:
•
Shared Key Authentication is enabled on the VT2500 but not on the client
•
The client WEP key does not match the VT2500 WEP key
On a WLAN client equipped with a Motorola wireless adapter, you can enter the WEP Passphrase you set when
you configured the VT2500. For all other wireless adapters, you must enter the 64-bit or 128-bit WEP key
generated by the VT2500.
Caution!
Never provide the WEP key to anyone who is not authorized to use your WLAN.
Configuring a Wireless Client with the Network Name (ESSID)
To distinguish it from other nearby WLANs, you should identify your WLAN with a unique network name (also
known as a network identifier or ESSID). As you configure a wireless client, you will be prompted for the network
identifier, network name, or ESSID; type the same name that appears in the ESSID field on the Wireless >
NETWORK page in the VT2500 Setup Program (see Wireless > NETWORK for details). If the network name is
not configured yet, see “Configuring the Wireless Network Name on the VT2500” to configure it.
After you specify the network name, many wireless cards or adapters automatically scan for an access point such
as the VT2500 and the proper channel and data rate. If your card requires you to manually start scanning for an
access point, do so following the instructions in the documentation supplied with the card.
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Wireless Pages in the VT2500 Setup Program
Use the Wireless pages to control and monitor the wireless interface:
•
Wireless > STATUS page
•
Wireless > NETWORK page
•
Wireless > SECURITY — basic page
•
Wireless > SECURITY — advanced page
•
Wireless > STATISTICS page
After you edit some fields and click Apply, you are required to reboot your voice gateway for your changes to
take effect. Rebooting takes 10 to 15 seconds. After rebooting, you must log in again.
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Wireless > STATUS
You can use this read-only page to:
•
View the wireless interface status
•
Help perform Troubleshooting for wireless network problems
Wireless > STATUS Page Fields
Regulatory Domain
Indicates the country for which the VT2500 is manufactured. The list of channels depends on the
country’s standards for operation of wireless devices. Depending on the domain set at the factory,
USA FCC, Europe, Spain, France, Japan, or some other country name is displayed. The
equipment version marketed in the United States is restricted to usage of channels 1 through 11
only.
ESSID
Displays the ESSID set on the Wireless > NETWORK page. For more information, see
“Configuring the Wireless Network Name on the VT2500”. Never provide the ESSID to anyone
who is not authorized to use your WLAN.
Channel
Displays the radio channel for the access point. If you encounter interference, you can set a
different channel on the Wireless > NETWORK page.
RTS Threshold
Displays the Request to Send Threshold set on the Wireless > NETWORK page.
Frag Threshold
Displays the Fragmentation Threshold set on the Wireless > NETWORK page.
MAC Address
Displays the VT2500 MAC address.
Security Mode
Displays the enabled wireless encryption type. For more information, see “Configuring WPA on
the VT2500” or “Configuring WEP on the VT2500”.
MAC Access Control
Displays the MAC Access Control setting (see “Configuring a MAC Access Control List on the
VT2500”):
• Allow Listed — Only clients in the MAC access control list can access the WLAN.
• Allow Any Station Access — Any wireless client can access the WLAN.
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Wireless > STATUS Page Fields (continued)
MAC Access Control List Displays the MAC addresses of wireless clients having access (see “Configuring a MAC Access
Control List on the VT2500”).
ESSID Broadcast
If you disable ESSID broadcast, the network name (ESSID) will not be transmitted in the 802.11
beacon frame. This provides some additional protection for your network because only 802.11
stations that know your network name can be configured to associate with the SBG. Note:
Disable ESSID broadcast operation is not part of the IEEE 802.11 standard.
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Wireless > NETWORK
Use this page for:
•
Enabling the wireless interface
•
Configuring the wireless network name (also see Configuring the Wireless Network Name on the VT2500)
•
Configuring other WLAN settings
You can use the VT2500 to operate a WLAN without changing its default settings.
Wireless > NETWORK page fields
Field
Description
WIRELESS
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Wireless > NETWORK page fields (continued)
Field
Description
Enable Wireless
Interface
Select this box to enable the wireless interface.
ESSID
Sets a unique network name for the VT2500 WLAN to distinguish between multiple WLANs in
the vicinity. If you select Disable ESSID Broadcast on the Wireless > SECURITY — advanced
page, all clients on the WLAN must have the same ESSID (network name) as the VT2500. It
can be any alphanumeric, case-sensitive string up to 32 characters. The default is “Motorola.”
We strongly recommend not using the default. Never provide the ESSID to anyone who is not
authorized to use your WLAN.
Channel
Sets the wireless radio channel. You can change the channel if you encounter interference on
the default channel. The default is 1 (one), except in countries where the first channel
permitted for wireless operation is not one.
Operating Mode
Sets how the VT2500 communicates with wireless clients (stations):
• 11b/11g Standard — Enables all IEEE 802.11b and IEEE 802.11g clients to work with the
VT2500. We recommend using this default setting in most cases because it is more flexible.
• 11g Enhanced — Choose this option only if all IEEE 802.11g client adapters on the network
support the performance-enhancing features of the IEEE 11g Enhanced mode. It is not
supported by all IEEE 802.11g adapters.
ADVANCED SETUP
Transmit Power
Sets the VT2500 wireless transmission power — 3, 6, 12, 25, 50, 75, or 100%. The default is
100%. You can lower the Transmit Power to:
• Decrease “leakage” into outside areas, such as the street
• Improve performance if you usually position your computer or laptop close to your VT2500
Transmission power control is an optional IEEE 802.11 feature.
RTS Threshold
The Request To Send Threshold sets the minimum packet size for which the VT2500 issues an
RTS before sending a packet. A low RTS threshold can help when many clients are associated
with the VT2500, or the clients are far apart and can detect the VT2500 but not each other. It
can be 0 to 2347 bytes. The default is 2347.
Fragmentation
Threshold
Sets the size at which packets are fragmented (sent as several packets instead of as one
packet). A low fragmentation threshold can help when communication is poor or there is a
significant interference. It can be 256 to 2346 bytes. The default is 2346.
Beacon Period
Sets the time between beacon frames sent by the VT2500 for wireless network
synchronization. It can be from 1 to 999 ms. The default is 100 ms.
SECOND PAGE ONLY
DTIM Period
The delivery traffic indication message (DTIM) period is the number of beacon periods that
elapse before a wireless client operating in power save mode “listens” for buffered broadcast
or multicast messages from the VT2500. It can be from 1 to 99999. The default is 3.
Save Changes (button)
Reset Wireless
Defaults (button)
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Wireless > SECURITY — basic
Use this page to configure how your VT2500 encrypts wireless transmissions. For information about using this
page, review “Encrypting Wireless LAN Transmissions” in this section of the manual.
After you enable and configure WEP or WPA on the VT2500 by performing “Configuring WPA on the VT2500” or
“Configuring WEP on the VT2500” (all options on the Wireless > SECURITY — basic page are described in these
procedures), you must configure each WLAN client as described in the subsections under “Configuring the
Wireless Clients”.
Caution!
The default Security Mode setting None provides no security for transmitted data.
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Wireless > SECURITY — advanced
Use this page to configure advanced wireless security settings.
Wireless > Security — ADVANCED page fields
Field or Button
Description
ESSID Broadcast
If selected, only wireless clients (stations) having the same Network Name (ESSID) as the
VT2500 can communicate with the VT2500. Closed network operation is a VT2500
enhancement to IEEE 802.11b. The default is not selected (off).
MAC ACCESS CONTROL You can restrict wireless access to one to 32 wireless clients, based on the client MAC
LIST
address.
Allow Any Station
Access
If selected, any wireless client can access the VT2500 WLAN.
Allow Only Listed
Stations Access
If selected, only wireless clients in the MAC access control list can access the VT2500
WLAN.
Apply (button)
Click to apply your change.
Station #
Listed Stations
Lists the wireless clients in the MAC access control list having access if Allow Only Listed
Stations Access is selected.
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Wireless > Security — ADVANCED page fields (continued)
Field or Button
Delete (button)
Description
To delete a wireless client from the MAC access control list, select its Delete check box
and click the Delete button.
ADD NEW STATIONS
New Station (now
Station #?)
Type the MAC address of the wireless client to add to the MAC access control list. Use the
format xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx. The MAC access control list can contain one to 32 clients.
Add Station (button)
Click to add the New Station to the MAC access control list.
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Wireless > STATISTICS
Use this page to display wireless statistics.
Wireless > STATISTICS page fields
Field or Button
Description
WIRELESS STATISTICS
Transmitted
Fragment Count
The number of acknowledged MAC protocol data units (MPDUs) with an address in the
address 1 field or an MPDU with a multicast address in the address 1 field of type data or
management.
Multicast
Transmitted
Fragment Count
The number of transmitted fragments when the multicast bit is set in the destination MAC
address of a successfully transmitted MAC service data unit (MSDU). When operating as a
STA in an ESS, where these frames are directed to the AP, this implies having received an
acknowledgment to all associated MPDUs.
Failed Count
The number of MSDUs not transmitted successfully because the number of transmit attempts
exceeded the IEEE 802.11b short or long retry limit.
Retry Count
The number of successfully transmitted MSDUs after one or more retransmissions.
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Wireless > STATISTICS page fields (continued)
Field or Button
Description
Multiple Retry Count
The number of successfully transmitted MSDUs after more than one retransmission.
Frame Duplicate
Count
The number of frames received where the Sequence Control field indicated the frame was a
duplicate.
Request To Send
Success Count
The number of CTS messages received in response to RTS messages.
Request To Send
Failure Count
The number of CTS messages not received in response to RTS messages.
Acknowledge Failed
Count
The number of acknowledgment messages not received when expected from a data
message transmission.
Received Fragment
Count
The number of successfully received MPDUs of type Data or Management.
Multicast Received
Fragment Count
The number of MSDUs received when the multicast bit was set in the destination MAC
address.
Frame Check
Sequence Error
Count
The number of FCS errors detected in a received MPDU.
Transmitted Frame
Count
The number of successfully transmitted MSDUs.
WEP Undecryptable
Count
This number of frames received with the WEP subfield of the Frame Control field set to one
and the WEP On key value mapped to the client MAC address. This indicates that the frame
should not have been encrypted or was discarded due to the receiving client not having WEP
enabled.
Refresh (button)??
Click to collect new data.
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Troubleshooting
If the solutions listed here do not solve your problem, contact your cable provider. Before calling your cable
provider, try pressing the reset button on the rear panel. Resetting the VT2500 may take 5 to 30 minutes. Your
service provider may ask for the status of the lights as described in “Front-Panel Lights and Error Conditions”.
Problem
Possible Solutions
Green POWER light
is off
Check that the AC power adapter is properly plugged into the electrical outlet and the
VT2400/VT2500.
Check that the electrical outlet is working.
Cannot send or
receive data or
phone calls
or
No dial tone
Be sure the telephone line cord is connected to the VT2400/VT2500.
Check all other cabling between the modem, the VT2400/VT2500, and the computer. Be sure
you used the cables provided with the VT2400/VT2500. All Ethernet cables must be
straight-through cables.
Check the lights on the modem front panel. For information, see your broadband modem user
guide.
Check the POWER light (see “Front Panel” on page 5).
A wireless client(s)
• Be sure that your wireless adapter (PCI card, Notebook or Ethernet adapter) on the PC is
cannot send or
installed correctly and is active.
receive data (VT2500
• Be sure that your wireless adapter’s radio signal is enabled. Review your adapter’s
only)
documentation for further instructions.
• Be sure that your wireless adapter for your PC and the wireless router security settings are
the same so that it will allow your computer to access the wireless network. Also, verify that
the list of Restricted Wireless MAC Addresses (on the WIRELESS Page of the Web-based
Configuration Utility is not configured to block your PC. For details on adjusting your security
settings, please refer to the descriptions of the WIRELESS and SECURITY Pages in Section
3: Configuration.
• Be sure that your wireless adapter is within range of the voice gateway and is not behind an
obstruction. For example, metal structures will interfere with the signal, as will 2.4 GHz
cordless phones and microwaves.
• Be sure that the PC’s wireless adapter antenna is properly connected.
A wired client
cannot send or
receive data
(VT2400/VT2500)
• If you have cable TV, check that the TV is working and the picture is clear. If you cannot
receive regular TV channels, the data service will not function.
• Check the coaxial cable at the SBG900 and wall outlet. Hand-tighten if necessary.
• Check the IP address. Follow the steps for verifying the IP address for your system. See
“Configuring TCP/IP”. Call your cable provider if you need an IP address.
• Check that the Ethernet cable is properly connected to the SBG900 and the computer.
Slow wireless
transmission speed
with SPA enabled
• On the Wireless > SECURITY — basic page, check whether the WPA Encryption type is
TKIP. If all of your wireless clients support AES, change the WPA Encryption to AES as
described in step 4 in “Configuring WPA on the VT2500” on page 96.”
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Front-Panel Lights: Status and Error Conditions
Light
Color
Description
Power
Green
Indicates if the product has power.
Status
Green
Indicates the state the product is in:
One blink (every two seconds) - performing initial boot sequence
Two blinks - obtaining network IP address
Three blinks - Downloading its configuration profile from your VoIP
provider
WLAN
Green
Indicates activity on the wireless interface
WAN
Green and Amber
Indicates acitivity on the WAN and link speed
Green = 100baseT, Amber = 10baseT
LAN1
Green or Amber
Indicates activity on the LAN port and link speed
Green = 100baseT, Amber = 10baseT
LAN2
Green or Amber
Indicates activity on the LAN port and link speed
Green = 100baseT, Amber = 10baseT
LAN3
Green or Amber
Indicates activity on the LAN port and link speed
Green = 100baseT, Amber = 10baseT
LAN4
Green or Amber
Indicates activity on the LAN port and link speed
Green = 100baseT, Amber = 10baseT
Line 1 and Line 2
Green
Indicates status of line 1:
Off- service is not present on the line
One blink - The line is off the hook
Continuous blink - Attempting to reregister with your VoIP
provider after an interruption in service (see PSTN failover in “Rear
Panel” on page 7)
Solid - Successfully registered with your VoIP provider
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Contact Us
If you need assistance while working with the VT2400/VT2500, contact your cable provider. For more information
about customer service, technical support, or warranty claims, see the Regulatory, Safety, Software License, and
Warranty Information card provided with the VT2400/VT2500.
For answers to typical questions, see “Frequently Asked Questions” on page 119.
For more information about Motorola consumer cable products, education, and support, visit
http://broadband.motorola.com/consumers.
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Frequently Asked Questions
If you do not understand a term or acronym, check the Glossary.
What does the Motorola voice terminal do?
The VT2400/VT2500 Voice Gateway is part stand-alone media terminal adapter (S-MTA) and part home
broadband router:
•
As an S-MTA, it converts analog voice signals to and from a standard telephone to digital data that can
be transmitted through a broadband connection across the Internet. It provides an alternate means to
make voice calls.
•
It provides basic routing to enable simultaneous voice and data communication.
Will the VT2400/VT2500 Voice Gateway work with a cable modem or DSL modem?
Yes. The VT2400/VT2500 Voice Gateway supports DHCP, which is specified for DOCSIS cable modems,
and PPPoE, which is used by most DSL providers.
Can end users operate a virtual private network (VPN) application behind the VT2400/VT2500?
Yes. The VT2400/VT2500 Voice Gateway supports IPSEC and PPTP, the most common VPN protocols.
Can the end user play online games through their VT2400/VT2500?
By default, the VT2400/VT2500 Voice Gateway blocks all unsolicited messages to the computer or end-user
network as a standard security measure. However, for online games that require some unsolicited messages
to be transmitted through the VT2400/VT2500, the end user can specify ports and IP addresses on which to
allow unsolicited messages. The VT2400/VT2500 Voice Gateway enables the end user to set up virtual
servers or a DMZ.
How does the end user configure the VT2400/VT2500?
Most end users who perform the appropriate installation procedure in “Connecting the VT2400/VT2500 to a
Network” can send and receive calls immediately! Configuring your home or office network is done through
a GUI where configuration options are selected using a connected PC configured to use DHCP to obtain its
network IP address (see “Gateway > WAN — DHCP Client” on page 34). Or, the user can configure the
computer statically to 192.169.102.xxx (xxx is from 2 to 254), subnet 255.255.255.0, and default gateway
192.168.102.1 (see “Gateway > WAN — Static” on page 36). Or, the user can configure a DSL connection
by using the PPPoE Client configuration method (see “Gateway > WAN — PPPoE Client” on page 35).
What is included with the built-in Ethernet router and wireless access point?
The VT2400/VT2500 Voice Gateway supports a firewall, RIP, parental control, port triggers, advanced
ALGs such as RSVP, POP3, SNMP, and streaming media. No separate routers or wireless access points are
needed.
Is any Quality of Service (QoS) implemented on the VT2400/VT2500 Voice Gateway?
Although VoIP service is typically best-effort, the VT2400/VT2500 provides upstream voice prioritization
to ensure that upstream voice data has priority over other Web data. This ensures good voice quality even
during heavy upstream data transfers, such as e-mail synchronization or file sharing.
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What voice protocols and CODECs does the VT2400/VT2500 Voice Gateway support?
Refer to “Supported VoIP Protocols, Codecs, and Calling Features” on page 1.
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Specifications
General
WAN and PC
interfaces
1 WAN 10/100BASE-T
4 PC/LAN 10/100BASE-T
Data protocol
TCP/IP
Dimensions
1.6” inch (H) x 5.5” inch (W) x 6.5” (L)
Input power
12 VDC
Telephony
Phone lines
Two RJ-11 ports for one or two analog telephones
Fax support
T.38 fax and g.711 fax send-and-receive
Adaptive jitter buffer
Optional PSTN failover
Services
Call waiting, caller ID, call blocking, 3-way conference calling, call forwarding, etc.
Codecs supported
g.711 (A-law and X-law), g.726, g.726 (reverse nibble), g.729ab, g.729e, g.723.1, g.728
Maximum line length
(one-way)
1000 ft. (maximum)
Wireless (VT2500)
CPE wireless interface 802.11b/g; WiFi certified
Quality of service
802.11e WMM/WME for wireless QOS
Routing
CPE network interface Ethernet 10/100Base-T
NAPT, DMZ, port forwarding, VPN pass-through
Security
Firewall with stateful packet inspection, Dynamic port triggers, parental controls
Session initiation
protocol
SIP RFC 2543/3261 compatibility; extensive support for SIP methods and extensions
STUN, TURN, and outbound proxy support for NAT traversal
IP addressing
DHCP, static IP, or PPPoE
Electrical
Input voltage range
100 – 240 VAC, 50 – 60 Hz
Power consumption
9 watts (nominal)
Environmental
Operating temperature 32° to 113° F (0° to 40° C)
Storage temperature
–40° to 149° F (–40° to 65° C)
Operating humidity
5% to 95% R.H. (non-condensing) 32° to 95° F (0° to 35° C)
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Storage humidity
95% R.H.
Antennas
LED Indicators
Physical Dimensions
width
height
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Wall Mounting Template
Print out the template below to perform the wall mounting procedure in section 2.
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Glossary
This glossary defines terms and lists acronyms used with the VT2400/VT2500 Voice Gateway.
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access point
A device that provides WLAN connectivity to wireless clients (stations). The VT2500 acts as a wireless
access point.
adapter
A device or card that connects a computer, printer, or other peripheral device to the network or to
some other device. A wireless adapter connects a computer to the WLAN.
address
translation
See NAT.
ALG
Application level gateway triggers are required by some file transfer (for example, FTP), game, and
video conferencing applications to open one or more ports to enable the application to operate
properly.
American Wire
Gauge (AWG)
A standard system used to designate the size of electrical conductors; gauge numbers are inverse to
size.
ANSI
The American National Standards Institute is a non-profit, independent organization supported by
trade organizations, industry, and professional societies for standards development in the United
States. This organization defined ASCII and represents the United States to the International
Organization for Standardization.
ANX
Automotive Network Exchange
ARP
Address Resolution Protocol broadcasts a datagram to obtain a response containing a MAC address
corresponding to the host IP address. When it is first connected to the network, a client sends an ARP
message. The VT2500 responds with a message containing its MAC address. Subsequently, data
sent by the computer uses the VT2500 MAC address as its destination.
ASCII
The American Standard Code for Information Interchange refers to alphanumeric data for processing
and communication compatibility among various devices; normally used for asynchronous
transmission.
asynchronous
timing
The VT2500 uses synchronous timing for upstream data transmissions. The CMTS broadcasts
messages that bandwidth is available. The VT2500 reserves data bytes requiring x-number of
mini-slots. The CMTS replies that it can receive data at a specified time (synchronized). At the
specified time, the VT2500 transmits the x-number of data bytes.
attenuation
The difference between transmitted and received power resulting from loss through equipment,
transmission lines, or other devices; usually expressed in decibels.
authentication
A process where the CMTS verifies that access is authorized, using a password, trusted IP address,
or serial number.
authorization
Part of the process between a CMTS and the cable modem or gateway to enable Baseline Privacy.
auto-MDIX
Automatic medium-dependent interface crossover detects and corrects cabling errors by automatically
reversing the send and receive pins on any port. It enables the use of straight-through wiring between
the VT2500 Ethernet port and any computer, printer, or hub.
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bandwidth
The transmission capacity of a medium in terms of a range of frequencies. Greater bandwidth
indicates the ability to transmit more data over a given period of time.
Baseline
Privacy
An optional feature that encrypts data between the CMTS and the cable modem or gateway.
Protection of service is provided by ensuring that a cable modem or gateway, uniquely identified by its
MAC address, can only obtain keys for services it is authorized to access.
baud
The analog signaling rate. For complex modulation modes, the digital bit rate is encoded in multiple
bits per baud; for example, 64 QAM encodes 6 bits per baud and 16 QAM encodes 4 bits per baud.
BCP
Binary Communication Protocol
BER
The bit error rate is the ratio of the number of erroneous bits or characters received from some fixed
number of bits transmitted.
binary
A numbering system that uses two digits, 0 and 1.
bit rate
The number of bits (digital 0s and 1s) transmitted per second in a communications channel. It is
usually measured in bits per second bps.
BPKM
Baseline Protocol Key Management encrypts data flows between a cable modem or gateway and the
CMTS. The encryption occurs after the cable modem or gateway registers to ensure data privacy
across the RF network.
bps
bits per second
bridge
An OSI layer 2 networking device that connects two LANs using similar protocols. It filters frames
based on the MAC address to reduce the amount of traffic. A bridge can be placed between two
groups of hosts that communicate a lot together, but not so much with the hosts in the other group.
The bridge examines the destination of each packet to determine whether to transmit it to the other
side. See also switch.
broadband
High bandwidth network technology that multiplexes multiple, independent carriers to carry voice,
video, data, and other interactive services over a single cable. A communications medium that can
transmit a relatively large amount of data in a given time period. A frequently used synonym for cable
TV that can describe any technology capable of delivering multiple channels and services.
broadband
Internet
provider
A company that provides high-speed cable data or DSL service.
BTI
Broadband telephony interface. See MTA and S-MTA.
broadcast
Simultaneous transmission to multiple network devices; a protocol mechanism supporting group and
universal addressing. See also multicast and unicast.
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CableHome
A project of CableLabs and technology suppliers to develop interface specifications for extending
high-quality cable-based services to home network devices. It addresses issues such as device
interoperability, QoS, and network management. CableHome will enable cable service providers to
offer more services over HFC. It will improve consumer convenience by providing cable-delivered
services throughout the home.
CableLabs
A research consortium that defines the interface requirements for cable modems and acknowledges
that tested equipment complies with DOCSIS.
cable modem
A device installed at a subscriber location to provide data communications over an HFC network.
Unless otherwise specified, all references to “cable modem” in this documentation refers to DOCSIS
or Euro-DOCSIS cable modems only.
cable modem
configuration
file
File containing operational parameters that a cable modem or gateway downloads from the cable
provider’s TFTP server during registration.
circuit-switched Network-connection scheme used in the traditional PSTN telephone network where each connection
requires a dedicated path for its duration. An alternative is packet-switched.
CLASS
Customer Local Area Signaling Service. One of an identified group of network-provided enhanced
services. A CLASS group for a given network usually includes several enhanced service offerings,
such as incoming-call identification, call trace, call blocking, automatic return of the most recent
incoming call, call redial, and selective forwarding and programming to permit distinctive ringing for
incoming calls.
Class C network An IP network containing up to 253 hosts. Class C IP addresses are in the form
“network.network.network.host.”
client
In a client/server architecture, a client is a computer that requests files or services such as file transfer,
remote login, or printing from the server. Also called a CPE.
On a WLAN, a client is any host that can communicate with the access point. A wireless client is also
called a “station.”
CMTS
A cable modem termination system is a device in the cable system headend that interfaces the HFC
network to local or remote IP networks to connecting IP hosts, cable modems or gateways, and
subscribers. It manages all cable modem bandwidth. It is sometimes called an edge router.
CNR
carrier to noise ratio
coaxial cable
(coax)
A type of cable consisting of a center wire surrounded by insulation and a grounded shield of braided
wire. The shield minimizes electrical and radio frequency interference. Coaxial cable has high
bandwidth and can support transmission over long distances.
CODEC
COmpression/DECompression. A software-only or a hardware-assisted scheme that is used to
process digital video or audio files. The amount of data required to represent moving pictures with
sound is reduced by a CODEC, which normally discards redundant data on compression.
CoS
Class of service traffic management or scheduling functions are performed when transferring data
upstream or downstream on HFC.
CPE
Customer premise equipment, typically computers, printers, etc., are connected to the cable modem
or gateway at the subscriber location. CPE can be provided by the subscriber or the cable provider.
Also called a client.
crosstalk
Undesired signal interfering with the desired signal.
CSMA/CD
carrier sense multiple access with collision detection
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datagram
In RFC 1594, a datagram is defined as “a self-contained, independent entity of data carrying sufficient
information to be routed from the source to the destination computer without reliance on earlier
exchanges between this source and destination computer and the transporting network.” For the most
part, it has been replaced by the term packet.
default route
The route by which packets are forwarded when other routes in the routing table do not apply.
dB
decibel
dBc
Signal level expressed in dB relative to the unmodulated carrier level desired.
DBm
A unit of measurement referenced to one milliwatt across specified impedance. 0dBm = 1 milliwatt
across 75 ohms.
dBmV
Signal level expressed in dB as the ratio of the signal power in a 75-ohm system to a reference power
when 1 mV is across 75 ohms.
demodulation
An operation to restore a previously modulated wave and separate the multiple signals that were
combined and modulated on a subcarrier.
DHCP
A Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol server dynamically assigns IP addresses to client hosts on an
IP network. DHCP eliminates the need to manually assign static IP addresses by “leasing” an
IP address and subnet mask to each client. It enables the automatic reuse of unused IP addresses.
The VT2500 is simultaneously a DHCP client and a DHCP server.
• A DHCP server at the cable system headend assigns a public IP address to the VT2500 and
optionally to clients on the VT2500 LAN.
• The VT2500 contains a built-in DHCP server that assigns private IP addresses to clients.
distortion
An undesired change in signal waveform within a transmission medium. A nonlinear reproduction of
the input waveform.
DMZ
A “de-militarized zone” is one or more hosts logically located between a private LAN and the Internet.
A DMZ prevents direct access by outside users to private data. (The term comes from the geographic
buffers located between some conflicting countries, such as North and South Korea.) In a typical small
DMZ configuration, the DMZ host receives requests from private LAN users to access external web
sites and initiates sessions for these requests. The DMZ host cannot initiate a session back to the
private LAN. Internet users outside the private LAN can access only the DMZ host. You can use a
DMZ to set up a web server or for gaming without exposing confidential data.
DNS
The Domain Name System is the Internet system for converting domain names to IP addresses. A
DNS server contains a table matching domain names such as Internetname.com to IP addresses
such as 192.169.9.1. When you access the world-wide web, a DNS server translates the URL
displayed on the browser to the destination website IP address. The DNS lookup table is a distributed
Internet database; no one DNS server lists all domain name to IP address matches.
DOCSIS
The CableLabs Data-Over-Cable Service Interface Specification defines interface standards for cable
modems, gateways, and supporting equipment to deliver data between an HFC network and
computer systems or television sets. To emphasize its use as a cable modem standard, DOCSIS is
now called CableLabs Certified Cable Modems. Euro-DOCSIS is DOCSIS adapted for use in Europe.
domain name
A unique name, such as motorola.com, that maps to an IP address. Domain names are typically much
easier to remember than are IP addresses.
dotted-decimal
format
Method of representing an IP address or subnet mask using four decimal numbers called octets. Each
octet represents eight bits.
In a class CIP address, the octets are “network.network.network.host.” The first three octets together
represent the network address and the final octet is the host address. In the VT2500 LAN default
configuration, 192.168.100 represents the network address. In the final octet, the host address can be
from 2 to 254.
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download
To copy a file from one computer to another. You can use the Internet to download files from a server
to a computer. A DOCSIS or Euro-DOCSIS cable modem or gateway downloads its configuration file
from a TFTP server during start-up.
downstream
In a cable data network, the direction of data received by the computer from the Internet.
driver
Software that enables a computer to interact with a network or other device. For example, there are
drivers for printers, monitors, graphics adapters, modems, Ethernet, USB, HPNA, and many others.
DSL
Digital Subscriber Line
DSSS
Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum is an IEEE 802.11b RF modulation protocol.
dynamic IP
address
An IP address that is temporarily leased to a host by a DHCP server. The opposite of static IP
address.
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encapsulate
To include data into some other data unit to hide the format of the included data.
encode
To alter an electronic signal so that only an authorized user can unscramble it to view the information.
encrypt
To encode data.
endpoint
A VPN endpoint terminates the VPN at the router so that computers on the VT2500 LAN do not need
VPN client software to tunnel through the Internet to the VPN server.
ESSID
The Extended Service Set Identifier or network name is a unique identifier that wireless clients use to
associate with an access point to distinguish between multiple WLANs in the same area. All clients on
a WLAN must have the same ESSID as the access point. On the VT2500, you can set the ESSID on
the Wireless > NETWORK page.
Ethernet
The most widely used LAN type, also known as IEEE 802.3. The most common Ethernet networks are
10Base-T, which provide transmission speeds up to 10 Mbps, usually over unshielded, twisted-pair
wire terminated with RJ-45 connectors. Fast Ethernet (100Base-T) provides speeds up to 100 Mbps.
“Base” means “baseband technology” and “T” means “twisted pair cable.”’
Each Ethernet port has a physical address called the MAC address.
Euro-DOCSIS
A tComLabs standard that is DOCSIS adapted for use in Europe
event
A message generated by a device to inform an operator or the network management system that
something has occurred.
expansion slot
A connection point in a computer where a circuit board can be inserted to add new capabilities.
EAP
Extensible Authentication Protocol
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FCS
frame check sequence
F-type
connector
A type of connector used to connect coaxial cable to equipment such as the VT2500.
firewall
A security software system on the VT2500 that enforces an access control policy between the Internet
and the VT2500 LAN.
flash
To press the flash button on the telephone, which allows you to retrieve or go between two calls.
flow
A data path moving in one direction.
FEC
Forward error correction is a technique to correct transmission errors without requiring the transmitter
to resend any data.
FDMA
Frequency Division Multiple Access is a method to allow multiple users to share a specific radio
spectrum. Each active user is assigned an individual RF channel (or carrier) with the carrier frequency
of each channel offset from its adjacent channels by an amount equal to the channel spacing, which
allows the required bandwidth per channel.
FQDN
(Fully Qualified
Domain Name)
A fully qualified domain name consists of a host and domain name, including top-level domain. For
example, www.motorola.com is a fully qualified domain name. www is the host, motorola is the
second-level domain, and .com is the top level domain.
frame
A unit of data transmitted between network nodes that contains addressing and protocol control data.
Some control frames contain no data.
frequency
Number of times an electromagnetic signal repeats an identical cycle in a unit of time, usually one
second, measured in Hz, kHz, MHz, or GHz.
FTP
File Transfer Protocol is a standard Internet protocol for exchanging files between computers. FTP is
commonly used to download programs and other files to a computer from web pages on Internet
servers.
full-duplex
The ability to simultaneously transmit and receive data. See also half-duplex.
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gain
The extent to which a signal is boosted. A high gain antenna increases the wireless signal level to
increase the distance the signal can travel and remain usable.
gateway
A device that enables communication between networks using different protocols. See also router.
The VT2500 enables up to 253 computers supporting IEEE 802.11b, Ethernet, or USB to share a
single broadband Internet connection.
gateway IP
address
The address of the default gateway router on the Internet. Also known as the “giaddr.”
GHz
Gigahertz — one billion cycles per second.
GUI
graphical user interface
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H.323
A suite of protocols created by the ITU for interactive video-conferencing, data sharing, and audio
applications such as VoIP.
half-duplex
Network where only one device at a time can transmit data. See also full-duplex.
headend
A location that receives TV programming, radio programming, data, and telephone calls that it
modulates onto the HFC network. It also sends return data and telephone transmissions. Headend
equipment includes transmitters, preamplifiers, frequency terminals, demodulators, modulators, and
other devices that amplify, filter, and convert incoming broadcast TV signals to wireless and cable
channels.
header
The data at the beginning of a packet that identifies what is in the packet.
hexadecimal
A base-sixteen numbering system that uses sixteen sequential numbers (0 to 9 and the letters A to F)
as base units before adding a new position. On computers, hexadecimal is a convenient way to
express binary numbers.
HFC
A hybrid fiber/coaxial cable network uses fiber-optic cable as the trunk and coaxial cable to the
subscriber premises.
hop
The interval between two routers on an IP network. The number of hops a packet traverses toward its
destination (called the hop count) is saved in the packet header. For example, a hop count of six
means the packet has traversed six routers. The packet hop count increases as the time-to-live (TTL)
value decreases.
host
In IP, a host is any computer supporting end-user applications or services with full two-way network
access. Each host has a unique host number that combined with the network number forms its IP
address.
Host also can mean:
• A computer running a web server that serves pages for one or more web sites belonging to
organization(s) or individuals
• A company that provides this service
• In IBM environments, a mainframe computer
HTML
Hyper Text Markup Language
HTTP
HyperText Transfer Protocol. The client-server TCP/IP used for exchanging HTML documents on the
World Wide Web.
hub
On a LAN, a hub is a device that connects multiple hosts to the LAN. A hub performs no data filtering.
See also bridge and router. An IP hub is typically a unit on a rack or desktop.
On an HFC network, a hub is a scaled-down headend that performs some or all headend functions for
part of the system.
Hz
Hertz — one cycle per second. The unit to measure the frequency that an alternating electromagnetic
signal cycles through its highest and lowest states. Used to define the bands of the electromagnetic
spectrum used in voice and data communications, or to define the bandwidth of a transmission
medium.
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IANA
The Internet Numbering Address Authority (IANA) is an organization under the Internet Architecture
Board (IAB) of the Internet Society that oversees IP address allocation. It is under a contract from the
U.S. government.
ICMP
Internet Control Message Protocol is a protocol used for error, problem, and informational messages
sent between IP hosts and gateways. ICMP messages are processed by the IP software and are not
usually apparent to the end-user.
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ICSA
The International Computer Security Association is the security industry’s main source of research,
intelligence, and product certification.
IEEE
The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (http://www.ieee.org) is an organization that
produces standards, technical papers, and symposiums for the electrical and electronic industries and
is accredited by ANSI.
IEEE 802.11b
IEEE 802.11g
IEEE wireless network standards.
IEEE 802.3
See Ethernet.
IETF
The Internet Engineering Task Force (http://www.ietf.org) is an open international community of
network designers, operators, vendors, and researchers to develop and maintain Internet architecture.
Technical working groups issue working documents called Internet-Drafts. The IETF publishes review
versions of the drafts called requests for comments (RFCs).
IGMP
Internet Group Membership Protocol — the Internet multicasting standard. IGMP establishes and
maintains a database of group multicast addresses and interfaces to which a multicast router forwards
multicast packets. IGMP runs between multicast hosts and their immediately-neighboring multicast
routers.
IGMP spoofing
A process where a router acts as an IGMP querier for multicast hosts and an IGMP host to a multicast
router.
impedance
The total opposition to AC electron current flow within a device. Impedance is typically 75 ohms for
coax cable and other CATV components.
impulse noise
Noise of very short duration, typically of the order of 10 microseconds. It is caused by electrical
transients such as voltage spikes, electric motors turning on, and lightning or switching equipment that
bleed over to the cable.
ingress noise
Noise typically caused by discrete frequencies picked up by the cable plant from radio broadcasts or
an improperly grounded or shielded home appliance such as a hair dryer. Ingress is the major source
of cable system noise.
Internet
A worldwide collection of interconnected networks using TCP/IP.
Internetwork
A collection of interconnected networks allowing communication between all devices connected to any
network in the collection.
IP
Internet Protocol is a set of standards that enable different types of computers to communicate with
one another and exchange data through the Internet. IP provides the appearance of a single,
seamless communication system and makes the Internet a virtual network.
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IP address
A unique 32-bit value that identifies each host on a TCP/IP network. TCP/IP networks route messages
based on the destination IP address. An IP address has two parts:
• The network address is assigned by IANA.
• The VT2500 network administrator assigns a host address to each host connected to the VT2500,
automatically using its DHCP server as a static IP address.
For a Class C network, the first 24 bits are the network address and the final 8 bits are the host
address; in dotted-decimal format, it appears “network.network.network.host.”
If you enable the VT2500 DHCP client on the WAN page, the cable provider automatically assigns the
network address, subnet mask, domain name, and DNS server to provide a continuous Internet
connection.
IPSec
The Internet Protocol Security protocols are IETF authentication and encryption standards for secure
packet exchange over the Internet. IPSec works at OSI layer 3 and secures everything on the
network.
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IKE
Internet Key Exchange
ISAKMP
Internet Security Association and Key Management Protocol
ISDN
Integrated Services Digital Network
ISO
The International Organization for Standardization (http://www.iso.ch) is a worldwide federation of
national standards bodies from approximately 140 countries. ISO is a non-governmental organization
established in 1947 to promote the development of standardization and related activities in the world
with a view to facilitating the international exchange of goods and services, and to developing
cooperation in the spheres of intellectual, scientific, technological, and economic activity.
ISP
Internet Service Provider
ITSP
Internet Telephony Service Provider. A company that provides VoIP telephone service. It may be the
same as or different from the end-user broadband Internet provider. Also referred to as a “VoIP
provider” or “voice provider.”
ITU
International Telecommunications Union
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kHz
button.
kilohertz — one thousand cycles per second
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L2F
Layer 2 Forwarding is an OSI layer 2 protocol that establishes a secure tunnel across the Internet to
create a virtual PPP connection between the user and the enterprise network. L2F is the most
established and stable layer 2 tunneling protocol.
L2TP
Layer 2 Tunnel Protocol is a PPP extension that enables ISPs to operate VPNs. L2TP merges the
best features of the PPTP and L2F. L2TP is the emerging IETF standard.
LAC
An L2TP access concentrator is a device to which the client directly connects through which PPP
frames are tunneled to the LNS. The LAC need only implement the media over which L2TP operates
to transmit traffic to one or more LNSs. The LAC may tunnel any protocol carried within PPP. The LAC
initiates incoming calls and receives outgoing calls. A LAC is analogous to an L2F NAS.
LAN
A local area network provides a full-time, high-bandwidth connection over a limited area, such as a
building or campus. Ethernet is the most widely used LAN standard.
layer
In networks, layers are software protocol levels. Each layer performs functions for the layers above it.
OSI is a reference model having seven functional layers.
LCP
Link Control Protocol establishes, configures, and tests data link connections used by PPP.
latency
The time required for a signal to pass through a device. It is often expressed in a quantity of symbols.
LED
light-emitting diode
LNS
An L2TP network server is a termination point for L2TP tunnels where PPP frames are processed and
passed to higher layer protocols. An LNS can operate on any platform that terminates PPP. The LNS
handles the server side of the L2TP protocol. L2TP relies only on the single media over which L2TP
tunnels arrive. The LNS can have a single LAN or WAN interface but can terminate calls arriving at
any of the LACs full range of PPP interfaces (asynchronous, synchronous, ISDN, V.120, etc.). The
LNS initiates outgoing calls and receives incoming calls. An LNS is analogous to a home gateway in
L2F technology.
loopback
A test that loops the transmit signal to the receive signal. Usually the loopback test is initiated on a
network device. The test is used to verify a path or to measure the quality of a signal on that path.
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M To return to your previous page, click the Acrobat Go to Previous View
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MAC address
The Media Access Control address is a unique, 48-bit value permanently saved in ROM at the factory to
identify each Ethernet network device. It is expressed as a sequence of 12 hexadecimal digits printed
on a the bottom of the VT2400 or VT2500. You need to provide the HFC MAC address to the cable
provider. Also called an Ethernet address, physical address, hardware address, or NIC address.
MB
One megabyte; equals 1,024 x 1,024 bytes, 1,024 kilobytes, or about 8 million bits.
Mbps
Million bits per second (megabits per second). A rate of data transfer.
media
The various physical environments through which signals pass; for example, coaxial, unshielded
twisted-pair (UTP), or fiber-optic cable.
MIB
A management information base is a unique hierarchical structure of software objects used by the
SNMP manager and agent to configure, monitor, or test a device.
MHz
Megahertz — one million cycles per second. A measure of radio frequency.
MPDU
MAC protocol data unit (PDU)
MSDU
MAC service data unit
MSO
Multiple Systems Operator. A company that owns and operates more than one cable system. Also
called a group operator.
MTA
Multimedia Terminal Adapter. See S-MTA.
MTU
The Maximum Transmission Unit is the largest amount of data that can be transmitted in one discrete
message on a given physical network. The MTU places an upper bound on the size of a message that
can be transferred by the network in a single frame. Messages exceeding the MTU must be fragmented
before transmission, and reassembled at the destination.
multicast
A data transmission sent from one sender to multiple receivers. See also broadcast and unicast.
mW
milliwatts
N To return to your previous page, click the Acrobat Go to Previous View
button.
NAS
network access server
NAT
Network Address Translation is an Internet standard for a LAN to use one set of IP addresses for
internal traffic and a second set of IP addresses for external traffic. NAT provides some security
because the IP addresses of VT2500 LAN computers are invisible on the Internet.
If NAT is enabled on the Gateway page, there is a one-to-one mapping between each public IP
address and client IP address.
NAPT
Network Address Port Translation is the most common form of address translation between public and
private IP addresses. NAPT is a mapping of one public IP address to many private IP addresses. If
NAPT is enabled on the Gateway page, one public IP address is mapped to an individual private
IP address for up to 245 LAN clients.
NEC
National Electrical Code (in the United States) are the regulations for construction and installation of
electrical wiring and apparatus, suitable for mandatory application by a wide range of state and local
authorities.
network
Two or more computers connected to communicate with each other. Networks have traditionally been
connected using some kind of wiring.
network driver
Software packaged with a NIC that enables the computer to communicate with the NIC.
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network layer
Layer 3 in the OSI architecture that provides services to establish a path between open systems. The
network layer knows the address of the neighboring nodes, packages output with the correct network
address data, selects routes, and recognizes and forwards to the transport layer incoming messages
for local host domains.
NIC
A network interface card converts computer data to serial data in a packet format that it sends over the
LAN. A NIC is installed in an expansion slot or can be built-in. Every Ethernet NIC has a MAC address
permanently saved in its ROM.
node
On a LAN, a generic term for any network device.
On an HFC network, the interface between the fiber-optic trunk and coaxial cable feeders to
subscriber locations. A node is typically located in the subscriber neighborhood.
noise
Random spurts of electrical energy or interface. May produce a salt-and-pepper pattern on a television
picture.
O To return to your previous page, click the Acrobat Go to Previous View
button.
ohm
A unit of electrical resistance.
OOB DTMF
Out-of-band dual tone multi-frequency signals are generated when you press the keys of an ordinary
telephone. In the United States, it is referred to as a "touch-tone" phone (formerly a registered
trademark of AT&T).
OSI
The Open Systems Interconnection reference model is an illustrative model describing how data
moves from an application on the source host through a network to an application on the destination
host. It is a conceptual framework developed by ISO that is now the primary model for intercomputer
communications. OSI is a model only; it does not define a specific networking interface.
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button.
packet
The unit of data that is routed between the sender and destination on the Internet or other
packet-switched network. When data such as an e-mail message or other file is sent over the Internet,
IP on the sender divides the data into uniquely-numbered packets. The packet header contains the
source and destination IP addresses. The individual packets may travel different routes. When all
packets arrive at the destination, IP at that end reassembles the packets. The header and the data
can vary in length. Packet and datagram are similar in meaning.
packetswitched
A scheme to handle transmissions on a connectionless network such as the Internet. An alternative is
circuit-switched.
PacketCable
A CableLabs-led project to define a common platform to deliver advanced real-time multimedia
services over two-way HFC cable plant. Built on DOCSIS 1.1, PacketCable networks use IP
technology as the basis for a highly-capable multimedia architecture.
pass-through
A pass-through client on the VT2500 LAN obtains its public IP address from the cable provider DHCP
server.
PAT
Port Address Translation
PCI
PCMCIA
The Personal Computer Memory Card International Association sets international standards for
connecting peripherals to portable computers. Laptop computers typically have a PCMCIA slot that
can hold one or two PC Cards to provide features such as Ethernet connectivity.
PDA
personal desktop assistant
PDU
A protocol data unit is a message containing operational instructions used for SNMP. The basic
SNMP V2 PDU types are get-request, get-next-request, get-bulk-request, response, set-request,
inform-request, and trap.
Peer-to-peer
network
A network in which each computer is independent and can serve the others or act as a workstation.
Peripherals connected to any computer networked in this fashion are available to any of the other peer
computers connected.
periodic
ranging
Ranging that is performed on an on-going basis after initial ranging has taken place.
physical layer
Layer 1 in the OSI architecture. It provides services to transmit bits or groups of bits over a
transmission link between open systems. It entails the electrical, mechanical, and handshaking
procedures.
piggybacking
A process that occurs when a cable modem simultaneously transmits data and requests additional
bandwidth.
PING
A network utility that tests host reachability by sending a small packet to the host and waiting for a
reply. If you PING a computer IP address and receive a reply, you know the computer is reachable
over the network. It also stands for “Packet InterNet Groper.”
PMD
The physical media-dependent sublayer of the physical layer which transmits bits or groups of bits
over particular types of transmission links between open systems. It entails the electrical, mechanical,
and handshaking procedures.
point-to-point
Physical connection made from one point to another.
POTS
The “plain old telephone service” offered through the PSTN; basic analog telephone service. POTS
uses the lowest 4 kHz of bandwidth on twisted pair wiring.
port
On a computer or other electronic device, a port is a socket or plug used to physically connect it to the
network or to other devices.
in TCP/IP, a port is a number from 0 to 65536 used logically by a client program to specify a server
program. Ports 0 to 1024 are reserved.
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port mirroring
A feature that enables one port (source) on the VT2500 to be copied to another port (destination) to be
studied. The destination mirrors the transmitted (from) or received (to) data on the source port to
enable the person managing the network to monitor activity.
port triggering
A mechanism that allows incoming communication with specified applications. Primarily used for
gaming applications.
PPP
Point-to-Point Protocol is used to transport other protocols, typically for simple links over serial lines. It
is most commonly used to access the Internet with a dial-up modem.
PPPoE
Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet. A specification for connecting to the Internet with DSL modems.
PPTP
Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol encapsulates other protocols. It is a new technology to create VPNs
developed jointly by several vendors.
private IP
address
An IP address assigned to a computer on the VT2500 LAN by the DHCP server on the VT2500 for a
specified lease time. Private IP addresses are used by the VT2500 LAN only; they are invisible to
devices on the Internet. See also public IP address.
protocol
A formal set of rules and conventions for exchanging data. Different computer types (for example PC,
UNIX, or mainframe) can communicate if they support common protocols.
provisioning
The process of autodiscovery or manually configuring a cable modem on the CMTS.
PSTN
The public switched telephone network is the traditional circuit-switched, voice-oriented telephone
network. See also POTS.
public IP
address
The IP address assigned to the VT2500 by the cable provider. A public IP address is visible to devices
on the Internet. See also private IP address.
Q To return to your previous page, click the Acrobat Go to Previous View
button.
QAM
Quadrature Amplitude Modulation uses amplitude and phase modulation to encode multiple bits of
data in one signaling element. QAM achieves faster data transfer than amplitude or phase modulation
alone, but the signal is more prone to errors caused by noise. QAM requires a transmission circuit with
a higher CNR than alternate modulation formats such as QPSK. Two types of QAM are:
• 16 QAM encodes four bits per symbol as one of 16 possible amplitude and phase combinations.
• 64 QAM encodes six bits per symbol as one of 64 possible amplitude and phase combinations.
QPSK
Quadrature Phase Shift Key (QPSK) modulation sends two bits of information per symbol period with
one symbol 90 degrees out of phase with other symbols. The four constellation points represented by
the coordinates (0,0 - 0,1 - 1,0 - 1,1) represent the four possible combinations.
QoS
Quality of service describes the priority, delay, throughput, and bandwidth of a connection.
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RADIUS
Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service server typically used in large corporate settings.
RAS
Remote Access Server
registration
How a cable modem makes itself known to the CMTS. The cable modem configuration file and
authorization are verified and the CoS is negotiated.
return loss
A measurement of the quality of the match of the device to the cable system. Return loss is the ratio of
the amount of power reflected by the device. A return loss of 20 dB or greater is preferred.
RF
Radio Frequency — signals used by the CMTS transmitter and receiver to send data over HFC. The
carrier is modulated to encode the digital data stream for transmission across the cable network.
RFC
Request for Comments published on the IETF or other websites. Many RFCs become international
standards.
RJ-11
The most common type of connector for household or office phones.
RJ-45
An 8-pin modular connector; the most common connector type for 10Base-T or 100Base-T Ethernet
networks.
ROM
read-only memory
router
On IP networks, a device connecting at least two networks, which may or may not be similar. A router
is typically located at a gateway between networks. A router operates on OSI network layer 3. It filters
packets based on the IP address, examining the source and destination IP addresses to determine
the best route on which to forward them.
A router is often included as part of a network switch. A router can also be implemented as software
on a computer.
routing table
A table listing available routes that is used by a router to determine the best route for a packet.
RTP
A protocol that enables real-time data, such as voice traffic, to be carried in packets over the Internet.
RTCP
A protocol for monitoring RTP performance.
RTS
request to send
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button.
server
In a client/server architecture, a dedicated computer that supplies files or services such as file transfer,
remote login, or printing to clients.
scope
The set of IP addresses that a DHCP server can lease to clients.
service provider A company providing cable data services to subscribers.
SDP
A protocol that describes multimedia sessions for the purpose of session announcement, session
invitation, and other forms of multimedia initiation.
SDU
service data unit
SID
A service ID is a unique 14-bit identifier the CMTS assigns to a cable modem or gateway that
identifies the traffic type it carries (for example, data or voice). The SID provides the basis for the
CMTS to allocate bandwidth to the cable modem and implement CoS.
SIP
Session Initiation Protocol. SIP is a text-based protocol, similar to HTTP and SMTP, for initiating
interactive communication sessions between users. Such sessions include voice, video, chat,
interactive games, and virtual reality.
SME
small and medium enterprise
S-MTA
Stand-Alone Multiservice Terminal Adapter. A device that converts analog voice signals to and from a
standard telephone to digital data that can be transmitted through a broadband connection over the
Internet. An SMTA is typically connected through Ethernet.
SMTP
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol is a standard Internet protocol for transferring e-mail.
SNMP
Simple Network Management Protocol is a standard to monitor and manage networks and network
devices. Data is exchanged using PDU messages.
SOHO
small office home office
spectrum
A specified range of frequencies used for transmission of electromagnetic signals.
spectrum
allocation
An allocation of portions of the available electromagnetic spectrum for specific services, such as AM,
FM, or personal communications.
splitter
A device that divides the signal from an input cable between two or more cables.
stateful
inspection
A type of firewall that tracks each connection traversing all firewall interfaces to ensure validity. In
addition to examining the source and destination in the packet header based on static rules, a stateful
inspection firewall:
• Examines packet headers on context established by previous packets that traversed the firewall
• Monitors the connection state and saves it in a table
• Closes ports until a connection to a specific port is requested
• May examine the packet contents up through the application layer to determine more than just the
source and destination
A stateful-inspection firewall is more advanced than a static filter firewall.
static filter
A type of firewall that examines the source and destination in the packet header based on
administrator-defined rules only.
static IP
address
An IP address that is permanently assigned to a host. Normally, a static IP address must be assigned
manually. The opposite of dynamic IP address.
static route
A manually-defined route.
station
IEEE 802.11b term for wireless client.
STUN
Simple Traversal of UDP through NAT - an intrusion detection system which inspects all inbound and
outbound network activity.
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subscriber
A home or office user who accesses television, data, or other services from a cable provider.
subnet mask
A bit mask that is logically ANDed with the destination IP address of a packet to determine the network
address. A router routes packets using the network address.
subnetwork
A part of a network; commonly abbreviated “subnet.” When subnetting is used, the host portion of the
IP address is divided into a subnet and host number. Hosts and routers use the subnet mask to
identify the bits used for the network and subnet number.
switch
On an Ethernet network, a switch filters frames based on the MAC address, in a manner similar to a
bridge. A switch is more advanced because it can connect more than two segments.
symbol rate
Also known as baud rate, is a measure of the number of times per second a signal in a
communications channel varies, or makes a transition between states (states being frequencies,
voltage levels or phase angles). Usually measured in symbols per second (sps).
SYSLOG
A de-facto UNIX standard for logging system events.
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button.
TBCP
Tagged Binary Communication Protocol
TCP
Transmission Control Protocol on OSI transport layer four, provides reliable transport over the network
for data transmitted using IP (network layer three). It is an end-to-end protocol defining rules and
procedures for data exchange between hosts on top of connectionless IP. TCP uses a timer to track
outstanding packets, checks error in incoming packets, and retransmits packets if requested.
TCP/IP
The Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol suite provides standards and rules for data
communication between networks on the Internet. It is the worldwide internetworking standard and the
basic communications protocol of the Internet.
Telnet
The Internet standard protocol for remote terminal connection service. Telnet allows a user at one site
to interact with a system at another site as if the user’s terminal were directly connected to the host
computer.
TFTP
Trivial File Transfer Protocol is a very simple protocol used to transfer files.
THDD
Telephony Hardware Device Driver.
TKIP
Temporal Key Integrity Protocol
transparent
bridging
A method to enable all hosts on the wired Ethernet LAN, WLAN, and USB connection to communicate
as if they were all connected to the same physical network.
transport layer
Layer of the OSI concerned with protocols for error recognition and recovery. This layer also regulates
information flow.
trunk
Electronic path over which date is transmitted.
TTL
The time to live is the number of routers (or hops) a packet can traverse before being discarded. When
a router processes a packet, it decreases the TTL by 1. When the TTL reaches zero, the packet is
discarded.
tunnel
To place packets inside other packets to send over a network. The protocol of the enclosing packet is
understood by each endpoint, or tunnel interface, where the packet enters and exits the network.
VPNs rely on tunneling to create a secure network.
Tunneling requires the following protocol types:
• A carrier protocol, such as TCP, used by the network over which the data travels
• An encapsulating protocol, such as IPSec, L2F, L2TP, or PPTP, that is wrapped around the original
data
• A passenger protocol, such as IP, for the original data
two-way
A cable system that can transmit signals in both directions to and from the headend and the
subscriber.
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U-Z To return to your previous page, click the Acrobat Go to Previous View
button.
UDP
User Datagram Protocol
unicast
A point-to-point data transmission sent from one sender to one receiver. This the normal way you
access websites. See also broadcast and multicast.
upstream
In a cable data network, upstream describes the direction of data sent from the subscriber computer
through the cable modem to the CMTS and the Internet.
USB
Universal Serial Bus is a computer interface for add-on devices such as printers, scanners, mice,
modems, or keyboards. USB supports data transfer rates of 12 Mbps and plug-and-play installation.
You can connect up to 127 devices to a single USB port.
UTP
unshielded twisted pair (wire)
VCM
In a telecommunications connection, the segment of the bandwidth allocated to transmitting voice
messages.
VLAN
A virtual local area network is group of devices on different LAN segments that are logically configured
to communicate as if they are connected to the same wire.
VoIP
Voice over Internet Protocol is a method to exchange voice, fax, and other information over the
Internet. Voice and fax have traditionally been carried over traditional telephone lines of the PSTN
using a dedicated circuit for each line. VoIP enables calls to travel as discrete data packets on shared
lines. VoIP is an important part of the convergence of computers, telephones, and television into a
single integrated information network.
VoIP Provider
A company that provides voice-over internet protocol telephone service.
VPN
A virtual private network is a private network that uses “virtual” connections (tunnels) routed over a
public network (usually the Internet) to provide a secure and fast connection; usually to users working
remotely at home or in small branch offices. A VPN connection provides security and performance
similar to a dedicated link (for example, a leased line), but at much lower cost.
WAN
A wide-area network provides a connection over a large geographic area, such as a country or the
whole world. The bandwidth depends on need and cost, but is usually much lower than for a LAN.
WAP
Wireless access point or Wireless Access Protocol. See also access point.
WECA
The Wireless Ethernet Compatibility Alliance is a trade organization that works to ensure that all
wireless devices — computer cards, laptops, air routers, PDAs, etc — can communicate with each
other.
WEP
Wired Equivalent Privacy encryption protects the privacy of data transmitted over a WLAN. WEP uses
keys to encrypt and decrypt transmitted data. The access point must authenticate a client before it can
transfer data to another client. WEP is part of IEEE 802.11b. Because WEP can be difficult to use and
does not provide very strong encryption, we recommend using WPA if possible.
WiFi
Wireless fidelity (pronounced y-phi) brand name applied to products supporting IEEE 802.11b.
Wireless
Access Point
(WAP)
A device that provides network connectivity to one or more client computers using radio signals over a
wireless connection.
Wireless Cable
Modem
Gateway
A single device, such as the SBG9000, that combines a cable modem, router, Ethernet switch,
wireless access point, and DHCP server for SOHO or SME use.
Wireless Voice
Gateway
A single device, such as the VT2500, that rovides two telephone lines for voice-over-data, a built-in
wireless access point and router, and connection to a modem.
WLAN
wireless LAN
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world wide web
An interface to the Internet that you use to navigate and hyperlink to information.
WPA
Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA) encryption, as described on the Wi-Fi Alliance Wi-Fi Protected Access
web page http://www.wifialliance.org/OpenSection/protected_access.asp). It is a far more robust form
of encryption than WEP. We recommend using WPA if all of your client hardware supports WPA.
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Software License
SOFTWARE LICENSE
Motorola, Inc., Connected Home Solutions (“Motorola”) 101 Tournament Drive, Horsham, PA 19044
IMPORTANT: PLEASE READ THIS SOFTWARE LICENSE (“LICENSE”) CAREFULLY BEFORE YOU INSTALL,
DOWNLOAD OR USE ANY APPLICATION SOFTWARE, USB DRIVER SOFTWARE, FIRMWARE AND RELATED
DOCUMENTATION (“SOFTWARE”) PROVIDED WITH MOTOROLA’S VOICE GATEWAY PRODUCT (THE “VOICE
GATEWAY PRODUCT”). BY USING THE VOICE GATEWAY PRODUCT AND/OR INSTALLING, DOWNLOADING OR
USING ANY OF THE SOFTWARE, YOU INDICATE YOUR ACCEPTANCE OF EACH OF THE TERMS OF THIS
LICENSE. UPON ACCEPTANCE, THIS LICENSE WILL BE A LEGALLY BINDING AGREEMENT BETWEEN YOU AND
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IF YOU DO NOT AGREE TO ALL OF THE TERMS OF THIS LICENSE (I) DO NOT INSTALL OR USE THE SOFTWARE
AND (II) RETURN THE VOICE GATEWAY PRODUCT AND THE SOFTWARE (COLLECTIVELY, “PRODUCT”),
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The Software includes associated media, any printed materials, and any “online” or electronic documentation, as well as
any updates, revisions, bug fixes, or drivers obtained by you from Motorola or your service provider. Software provided
by 3rd parties may be subject to separate end-user license agreements from the manufacturers of such Software.
The Software is never sold. Motorola licenses the Software to the original customer and to any subsequent licensee for
personal use only on the terms of this License. Motorola and its 3rd party licensors retain the ownership of the Software.
You may:
USE the Software only in connection with the operation of the Product.
TRANSFER the Software (including all component parts and printed materials) permanently to another person, but only
if the person agrees to accept all of the terms of this License. If you transfer the Software, you must at the same time
transfer the Product and all copies of the Software (if applicable) to the same person or destroy any copies not
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TERMINATE this License by destroying the original and all copies of the Software (if applicable) in whatever form.
You may not:
(1) Loan, distribute, rent, lease, give, sublicense or otherwise transfer the Software, in whole or in part, to any other
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The Product is not designed or intended for use in on-line control of aircraft, air traffic, aircraft navigation or aircraft
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This License and your rights regarding any matter it addresses are governed by the laws of the Commonwealth of
Pennsylvania, without reference to conflict of laws principles. THIS LICENSE SHALL TERMINATE AUTOMATICALLY if
you fail to comply with the terms of this License.
Motorola is not responsible for any 3rd party software provided as a bundled application, or otherwise, with the Software.
U.S. GOVERNMENT RESTRICTED RIGHTS
The Product and documentation is provided with RESTRICTED RIGHTS. The use, duplication or disclosure by the
Government is subject to restrictions as set forth in subdivision (c)(1)(ii) of The Rights in Technical Data and Computer
Software clause at 52.227-7013. The contractor/manufacturer is Motorola, Inc., Connected Home Solutions, 101
Tournament Drive, Horsham, PA 19044.
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