Actiontec Electronics MI424WRI Wireless 802.11b/g/n Broadband Home Router User Manual

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Wireless
Broadband
Router
MI424WR
rev. I
User Manual
© 2011 Verizon. All Rights Reserved.
Contents
FiOS Router User Manual
Introduction
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
Introduction
Package Contents
System Requirements
Features
Getting to Know the FiOS Router
Connecting the FiOS Router
2.0
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
Introduction
Setting Up the FiOS Router
Computer Network Configuration
Configuring the FiOS Router
Features
Main Screen
Setting Up a Wireless Network
3.0
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
Introduction
Overview
Connecting a Wireless Client
Wireless Status
Basic Security Settings
Advanced Security Settings
Setting Up a Wireless Client
Configuring My Network Settings
4.0
4.1
4.2
Introduction
Accessing My Network Settings
Using My Network Settings
Contents
FiOS Router User Manual (con’t)
Using Network Connections
5.0
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5
5.6
5.7
5.8
5.9
Introduction
Accessing Network Connections
Network (Home/Office) Connection
Ethernet Connection
Wireless Access Point Connection
Coax Connection
Broadband Ethernet Connection
Broadband Coax Connection
WAN PPPoE Connection
WAN PPPoE 2 Connection
Configuring Security Settings
6.0
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
6.6
6.7
6.8
6.9
6.10
Introduction
Overview
Firewall
Access Control
Port Forwarding
DMZ Host
Port Triggering
Remote Administration
Static NAT
Advanced Filtering
Security Log
Parental Controls
7.0 Introduction
7.1 Activating Parental Controls
7.2 Rule Summary
Contents
FiOS Router User Manual (con’t)
Configuring Advanced Settings
8.0
8.1
8.2
8.3
8.4
8.5
8.6
8.7
8.8
Introduction
Using Advanced Settings
Utilities
DNS Settings
Network Settings
Configuration Settings
Time Settings
Firmware Upgrade
Routing Settings
Monitoring the FiOS Router
9.0
9.1
9.2
Introduction
Router Status
Advanced Status
10
Troubleshooting
10.0 Introduction
10.1 Troubleshooting Tips
10.2 Frequently Asked Questions
Configuring Quality of Service
A.0 Introduction
A.1 Traffic Priority
A.2 Traffic Shaping
Contents
FiOS Router User Manual (con’t)
Specifications
B.0
B.1
B.2
B.3
Introduction
General
LED Indicators
Environmental
Notices
C.0
C.1
C.2
C.3
C.4
Introduction
Regulatory Compliance Notices
Modifications
NEBS Requirements
GPL
1
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
Introduction
Package Contents
System Requirements
Features
Getting to Know the FiOS
Router
Introduction
© 2011 Verizon. All Rights Reserved.
The Verizon FiOS® Router lets you transmit
and distribute digital entertainment and
information to multiple devices via coaxial
cables. The FiOS Router also supports
Ethernet and Wi-Fi networking, making
it one of the most versatile and powerful
routers available.
© 2011 Verizon. All Rights Reserved.
1
Introduction
1.1 Package Content
1.1 Package Content
The following is a list of the items included with the FiOS Router:
t
 Black Power adapter
t
 Yellow cable (Ethernet, 6 ft.)
t
 White cable (Ethernet, 10 ft.)
t
 Quick Start Guide
t
 Installation Guide
t
 User Manual CD
t
 Wireless Networking Guide
t
 Wall-mount template
t
 Vertical stand
1.2 Minimum System Requirements
The FiOS Router must be used with the following systems and software:
t
 Computer with Ethernet capability
t
 Microsoft Windows 2000, XP, Vista, or 7; Mac OS 10.1 or greater;
Linux/BSD, Unix
t
 Internet Explorer 5.0 or higher; Netscape Navigator 7.0 or higher
t
 TCP/IP network protocol installed on each computer
© 2011 Verizon. All Rights Reserved.
FiOS Router User Manual
1.3 Features
The FiOS Router features:
t
 Multiple networking standards support, including:
· WAN - Ethernet and MoCA interfaces
· LAN - 802.11b/g/n, Ethernet, and MoCA interfaces
t
 Integrated wired networking with 4-port 10/100/1000 Mbps Ethernet switch
and MoCA
t
 Integrated wireless networking with 802.11b/g/n access point featuring:
· 802.11n enabled to support speeds up to 160 Mbps wirelessly
· 802.11g enabled to support speeds up to 54 Mbps wirelessly
· 802.11b compatibility, communicating with 802.11b wireless products at
speeds up to 11 Mbps
t
 Enterprise-level security, including:
· Fully customizable firewall with Stateful Packet Inspection
· Content filtering with URL-keyword based filtering, parental control,
customizable filtering policies per computer, and E-mail notification
· Denial of service protection against IP spoofing attacks, intrusion and scanning
attacks, IP fragment overlap, ping of death, and fragmentation attacks
· Event logging
· Intrusion detection
· MAC address filtering
· NAT
· DMZ hosting
· Access control
· Advanced wireless protection featuring WPA, WPA2, WEP 64/128 bit
encryption, 802.1x authentication, and MAC address filtering
· ICSA certification
© 2011 Verizon. All Rights Reserved.
1
Introduction
1.3 Features
t
 Other options, including:
· DHCP server option
· DHCP server/PPPoE server auto-detection
· DNS server
· LAN IP and WAN IP address selection
· MAC address cloning
· Port forwarding
· PPPoE support
· QoS support (end to end layer 2/3) featuring Diffserv, 802.1p/q
prioritization, configurable upstream/downstream traffic shaping, random
early detection and pass-through of WAN-side DSCPs, PHBs, and queuing
to LAN-side devices
· Remote management and secured remote management using HTTPS
· Reverse NAT
· Static NAT
· Static routing
· Time zone support
· VLAN multicast support
· VPN IPSec (VPN pass-through only)
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© 2011 Verizon. All Rights Reserved.
FiOS Router User Manual
1.4 Getting to Know the FiOS Router
This section contains a quick description of the FiOS Router’s lights (LEDs), ports,
etc. The FiOS Router has several indicator lights on its front panel, a sticker on its
bottom panel, and a series of ports and switches on its rear panel.
1.4a Front Panel
The front panel of the FiOS Router has a series of indicator lights: Power, WAN
Ethernet, WAN Coax, Internet, LAN Ethernet (4), LAN Coax, USB (2), and Wireless.
It also features a WPS button.
Front view – Verizon FiOS Router (rev. I)
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© 2011 Verizon. All Rights Reserved.
1
Introduction
1.4 Getting to Know the FiOS Router
Power
The Power LED displays the FiOS Router’s current status. If the Power light glows
steadily green, the FiOS Router is receiving power and fully operational. When
the Power light flashes rapidly, the FiOS Router is initializing. If the Power light is
not illuminated or glows red when the Power cord is plugged in and the Power
switch is turned on, the FiOS Router has suffered a critical error and technical
support should be contacted.
WAN Ethernet
The WAN Ethernet LED illuminates when the FiOS Router is connected to the
Internet via Ethernet. If flashing, data traffic is passing across the port.
WAN Coax
The WAN Coax LED glows steadily or flashes when the FiOS Router is connected
to the Internet via coaxial cable.
Internet
When the Internet LED glows steadily green, the FiOS Router is connected to the
ISP (Internet Service Provider). If it glows amber, there is a physical connection
to the ONT (Optical Network Terminator), but authentication has not taken place
(i.e., no IP address is present).
LAN Ethernet (1, 2, 3, 4)
The LAN Ethernet LEDs illuminate when the FiOS Router is connected to a local
network via one or more of its Ethernet ports. If flashing, data traffic is passing
across the port(s).
LAN Coax
The LAN Coax LED glows steadily or flashes when the FiOS Router is connected
to a local network via its Coax port.
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© 2011 Verizon. All Rights Reserved.
FiOS Router User Manual
USB (1, 2)
The USB LEDs illuminate when the FiOS Router is connected to a device via one
of its USB ports.
Wireless
The Wireless LED illuminates when the FiOS Router’s wireless access point is
turned on. If flashing, data traffic is passing across the wireless connection.
Wi-Fi Protected Setup
WiFi Protected Setup (WPS) is an easier way to set up a wireless network. Instead
of entering passwords or multiple keys on each wireless client (laptop, printer,
external hard drive, etc.), the FiOS Router can create a wireless network that only
requires the pressing of buttons (one on the FiOS Router, and one on the client
[either built-in, or on a compatible wireless card]) to allow wireless clients to join
the FiOS Router’s wireless network. Although the WPS button is included on
the FiOS Router, WPS functionality will not be enabled until a future firmware
release. The button is included so that WPS can be activated at a later date
without having to physically change the FiOS Router. The GUI does not include
the WPS option.
1.4b Bottom Panel
The bottom panel of the FiOS Router has a sticker that contains important
information about the FiOS Router, including default ESSID, MAC address,
wireless keys, etc.
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© 2011 Verizon. All Rights Reserved.
1
Introduction
1.4 Getting to Know the FiOS Router
1.4c Rear Panel
The rear panel of the FiOS Router has eight ports (Coax, Power, LAN Ethernet [4],
WAN Ethernet, and USB), a Power switch, a Reset button, and a wireless antenna.
USB1
LAN
100
10
100
10
100
10
100
10
100
WAN
10
USB2
Coax
On/Off
Coaxial Cable
(from Coax Port
to Set Top Box)
Reset
Ethernet Cable
Ethernet Cable
Power Adapter
(from Power Port (from LAN Ethernet Port (from WAN Port
to Computer/Device) to ISP Connection)
to Wall Outlet)
USB Cable
(from USB Port
to Device)
Rear view – Verizon FiOS Router (rev. I)
Coax Port
The Coax port connects the FiOS Router to the ISP or other devices using a
coaxial cable.
Power Port
The Power port connects the FiOS Router to an electrical wall outlet via the
Power cord.
Power Switch
The Power switch powers the FiOS Router on and off.
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© 2011 Verizon. All Rights Reserved.
FiOS Router User Manual
Reset Button
To restore the FiOS Router’s factory default settings, press and hold the Reset
button for approximately ten seconds. The reset process will start about ten
seconds after releasing the button. When the FiOS Router resets, all the lights on
the front panel turn off, and then some of the lights start flashing. The FiOS Router
has completed its reset process when the Power light glows steadily green.
Caution! Do not unplug the Power cord from the FiOS Router during the
reset process. Doing so may result in the loss of the FiOS Router’s configuration
information. If this occurs, reset the FiOS Router again.
LAN Ethernet Ports (4)
The LAN Ethernet ports connect devices to the FiOS Router via Ethernet cables
to create a local area network (LAN). The LAN Ethernet ports are 10/100/1000
Mbps auto-sensing ports, and either a straight-through or crossover Ethernet
cable can be used when connecting devices to the ports.
WAN Ethernet Port
The WAN Ethernet port connects the FiOS Router to the ISP using an Ethernet cable.
USB Ports
The USB ports provide up to 5 VDC for attached devices (to charge a cell phone,
for example). In the future, with a firmware release upgrade, the USB host
functionality will be available for devices such as external storage and cameras.
Wireless Antenna
The FiOS Router’s wireless antenna is used to transmit a wireless signal to other
wireless devices on its wireless network.
15
© 2011 Verizon. All Rights Reserved.
2
2.0
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
Introduction
Setting up the FiOS Router
Computer Network
Configuration
Configuring the FiOS Router
Main Screen
Connecting
the FiOS
Router
16
© 2011 Verizon. All Rights Reserved.
Connecting the FiOS Router and accessing
its Graphical User Interface (GUI) are both
simple procedures. The latter procedure
may vary slightly, depending on the
computer’s operating system. However,
no configuration is necessary to access the
GUI when taking advantage of Universal
Plug-and-Play support.
17
© 2011 Verizon. All Rights Reserved.
2
Connecting the FiOS Router
2.1 Setting Up the FiOS Router
2.1 Setting Up the FiOS Router
There are three parts to setting up the FiOS Router: Connecting the Cables,
Configuring the Router, and Connecting Other Computers/Set Top Boxes.
2.1a Connecting the Cables
Note: If a different router was being used previously, disconnect it. Remove all
router components, including power supplies and cables, as they will not work
with the FiOS Router.
1. Get the FiOS Router and black Power cord from the box.
2. Plug the black Power cord in the black port on the back of the FiOS Router
and then into a power outlet.
3. Turn the FiOS Router on.
4. Make sure the Power light on the front of the FiOS Router glows
steadily green.
5. Plug the yellow Ethernet cable from the box into one of the four yellow
Ethernet ports on the back of the FiOS Router.
6. Make sure the computer is powered on, then plug the other end of the
yellow Ethernet cable into an Ethernet port on the computer.
7. Make sure at least one of the Ethernet LAN lights on the front of the FiOS
Router glows steadily green. This may take a few moments.
8. The phone company previously installed a high-speed wall jack somewhere
in the house. Locate it and note its type (Ethernet or coaxial). If Ethernet,
follow steps 8a and 8b. If coaxial, follow steps 9a and 9b. Then, continue to
step 10.
a. If connecting via Ethernet, get the white Ethernet cable from the box and
plug one end in the white port on the back of the FiOS Router.
b. Plug the other end of the white Ethernet cable into the high-speed
Ethernet jack.
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© 2011 Verizon. All Rights Reserved.
FiOS Router User Manual
9. a. If connecting via coaxial cable, get a coaxial cable and connect one end
to the red Coax port on the back of the FiOS Router.
b. Connect the other end of the coaxial cable to a coax jack.
10. Make sure the Ethernet WAN light (if connecting via Ethernet) or Coax WAN
light (if connecting via coaxial cable) on the front of the FiOS Router glows
steadily green. If connecting via coaxial cable, this may take a few minutes.
Note: If the Ethernet WAN light or Coax WAN light does not illuminate, make
sure the cable (Ethernet or coaxial) is connected properly at both ends.
2.2 Computer Network Configuration
Each network interface on the computer should either be configured with a
statically defined IP address and DNS address, or instructed to automatically
obtain an IP address using the Network DHCP server. The FiOS Router is set up, by
default, with an active DHCP server, and we recommend leaving this setting as is.
2.2a Configuring Dynamic IP Addressing
To set up a computer to use dynamic IP addressing:
Windows 7
1. In the Control Panel, select View Network Status and Tasks (below
“Network and Internet”).
2. Under “Connect or disconnect,” click Local Access Connection.
3. The “Local Area Connection Status” window appears. Click Properties.
4. The “Local Area Connection Properties” window appears. Select Internet
Protocol Version 4 (TCP/IPv4), then click Properties.
5. The “Internet Protocol Version 4 (TCP/IPv4) Properties” window appears.
6. Click the “Obtain an IP address automatically” radio button.
7. Click the “Obtain DNS server address automatically” radio button.
8. Click OK in the Internet Protocol Version 4(TCP/IPv4) Properties window,
then click OK in the Local Area Connection Properties screen to save
the settings.
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© 2011 Verizon. All Rights Reserved.
2
Connecting the FiOS Router
2.2 Computer Network Configuration
Windows Vista
1. Select Network and Sharing in the Control Panel.
2. Click View Status, then click Properties.
3. Click Continue in the “User Account Control” window.
4. In the “General” tab of the “Local Area Connection Properties” window select
Internet Protocol Version 4 (TCP/IPv4), then click Properties.
5. The “Internet Protocol Version 4 (TCP/IPv4) Properties” window appears.
6. Click the “Obtain an IP address automatically” radio button.
7. Click the “Obtain DNS server address automatically” radio button.
8. Click OK in the Internet Protocol Version 4(TCP/IPv4) Properties window,
then click OK in the “Local Area Connection Properties” screen to save
the settings.
Windows XP
1. Select Network Connections in the Control Panel.
2. Right-click Ethernet Local Area Connection, then click Properties.
3. In the “General” tab, select Internet Protocol (TCP/IP), then click Properties.
4. The “Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties” window appears.
5. Click the “Obtain an IP address automatically” radio button.
6. Click the “Obtain DNS server address automatically” radio button.
7. Click OK in the “Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties” screen, then click OK in
the “Local Area Connection Properties” screen to save the settings.
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© 2011 Verizon. All Rights Reserved.
FiOS Router User Manual
Windows 2000
1. Select Network and Dialing Connections in the Control Panel.
2. Right-click on the Ethernet connection’s icon, then click Properties.
3. Select Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) component, then click Properties.
4. The “Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties” window appears.
5. Click the “Obtain an IP address automatically” radio button.
6. Click the “Obtain DNS server address automatically” radio button.
Macintosh OS X
1. Click on the Apple icon in the top left corner of the desktop.
2. From the menu that appears, select System Preferences.
3. The “System Preferences” window appears. Click Network.
4. From the “Network” window, make sure “Ethernet” in the list on the left is
highlighted and displays “Connected.”
5. Click Assist me.
6. From the tab that appears, click Diagnostics.
7. Follow the instructions in the “Network Diagnostics” assistant.
Linux
1. Login into the system as a super-user by entering “su” at the prompt.
2. Type “ifconfig” to display the network devices and allocated IPs.
3. Type “pump -i ,” where  is the network device name.
4. Type “ifconfig” again to view the newly allocated IP address.
5. Make sure no firewall is active on device .
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© 2011 Verizon. All Rights Reserved.
2
Connecting the FiOS Router
2.3 Configuring the FiOS Router
2.3 Configuring the FiOS Router
1. Open a web browser on the computer connected to the FiOS Router. In the
“Address” text box, type:
http://192.168.1.1
then press Enter on the keyboard.
2. The “Login Setup” screen appears. Select a new user name and password
and enter them in the appropriate text boxes (the password must be
entered twice, for validation purposes). Write the new user name and
password down on a piece of paper and keep it in a safe place, since they
will be needed to access the FiOS Router’s GUI (Graphical User Interface) in
the future.
3. In the bottom part of the screen, select the correct time zone from the “Time
Zone” drop-down list, then click OK at the bottom of the screen.
The FiOS Router is now configured.
22
© 2011 Verizon. All Rights Reserved.
FiOS Router User Manual
2.3a Connecting Other Computers/Set Top Boxes
The FiOS Router can connect to other computers or set top boxes in three ways:
via Ethernet, via wireless connection, or via coaxial cable.
Ethernet
1. Get an Ethernet cable and plug one end into one of the open yellow
Ethernet ports on the back of the FiOS Router.
2. Plug the other end of the Ethernet cable into an Ethernet port on
the computer.
3. Make sure the corresponding Ethernet LAN light on the front of the FiOS
Router glows steadily green.
4. Repeat these steps for each computer to be connected to the FiOS Router
via Ethernet.
Wireless
1. Make sure each computer to be connected wirelessly has built-in wireless or
an attached wireless adapter.
2. Make sure the computer uses the same ESSID and WPA key as the FiOS
Router by launching the computer’s wireless application
3. Enter the ESSID and WPA key found on the sticker on the bottom of the FiOS
Router in the computer’s wireless settings and click Save.
4. Make sure the changes were implemented by surfing the Internet from
the computer.
5. Repeat these steps for every other computer to be connected to the
FiOS Router wirelessly.
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© 2011 Verizon. All Rights Reserved.
2
Connecting the FiOS Router
2.4 Main Screen
Coaxial
1. Make sure all set top boxes are turned off.
2. Disconnect any adapter currently connected to the coaxial jack in the room
where the FiOS Router is.
3. Connect one end of the coaxial cable to the coaxial wall jack, and the other
end to the red Coax port on the back of the FiOS Router.
4. Power up the set top box.
5. Make sure the Coax LAN light on the front of the FiOS Router glows steadily
green. This may take a few minutes. When it does, the set top box is
connected to the FiOS Router.
2.4 Main Screen
After logging into the FiOS Router’s GUI (see “Configuring the FiOS Router” at the
beginning of this chapter), the “Main” screen appears.
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© 2011 Verizon. All Rights Reserved.
FiOS Router User Manual
The Main screen has a menu occupying the top of the screen. Below that, the
screen is divided into three columns: “My Router,” “My Network,” and
“Action Zone.”
2.4a Menu
The Main screen’s menu contains links to all of the configuration options of
the FiOS Router: Wireless Settings (explained in chapter 3 of this manual), My
Network (chapter 5), Firewall Settings (chapter 6), Parental Controls (chapter
7), Advanced (chapter 8), and System Monitoring (chapter 9).
2.4b My Router
This section displays the status of the FiOS Router’s network and Internet
connection. A green light signifies the FiOS Router is connected; a yellow light
means the FiOS Router is attempting to connect; and a red light signifies the
FiOS Router’s connection is down.
Broadband Connection
The “Broadband Connection” section of the My Router column displays the state
of the FiOS Router’s broadband connection (“Connected” or “Disconnected”) for
the two connection options (“Coax Status” and “Ethernet Status”), and the WAN
IP address of the broadband connection.
Quick Links
The “Quick Links” section of the My Router column contains a list of frequently
accessed settings, including “Change Wireless Settings,” “Change Login User
Name & Password,” “Enable Gaming,” and “Logout.”
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© 2011 Verizon. All Rights Reserved.
2
Connecting the FiOS Router
2.4 Main Screen
2.4c My Network
The “My Network” column of the Main screen displays the connection type,
name, and IP address of all devices connected to the FiOS Router’s network.
The icon associated with the device will be displayed normally (signifying an
active device) or shaded (signifying the device has not been active for at least
60 seconds). The user can also configure the basic settings of each device by
clicking on its icon. These settings are described in more detail in chapter 3.
2.4d Action Zone
This column contains links to various Verizon Web sites, and other informational
links. Clicking on the icon above “Go to Internet Now” connects the user to the
home page configured on the user’s web browser.
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© 2011 Verizon. All Rights Reserved.
3
3.0
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
Introduction
Overview
Connecting a Wireless Client
Wireless Status
Basic Security Settings
Advanced Security Settings
Setting Up a Wireless Client
Setting Up
a Wireless
Network
27
© 2011 Verizon. All Rights Reserved.
Wireless networking enables you to free
yourself from wires and plugs, making
your devices more accessible and easier
to use. This chapter explains how to create
a wireless network using the FiOS Router,
including accessing and configuring
wireless security options.
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© 2011 Verizon. All Rights Reserved.
FiOS Router User Manual
3.1 Overview
The FiOS Router provides the user with wireless connectivity over the 802.11b,
g, and n standards (the most common wireless standards). 802.11b has a
maximum data rate of 11 Mbps, 802.11g has a maximum data rate of 54 Mbps,
and 802.11n has a maximum data rate of 160 Mbps. All standards operate in the
2.4 GHz range.
The FiOS Router’s wireless feature is turned on, with wireless security activated, by
default. The level of security is WPA2, with a unique WPA2 key already entered. This
information is displayed on a sticker located on the bottom of the FiOS Router.
The FiOS Router integrates multiple layers of security. These include the IEEE
802.1x port-based authentication protocol, RADIUS client, EAP-MD5, EAP-TLS,
EAP-TTLS, EAP-PEAP, Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP), Wi-Fi Protected Access
(WPA and WPA2) and firewall and VPN applications.
3.2 Connecting a Wireless Client
To connect a wireless client to the FiOS Router:
Note: The following procedure assumes the FiOS Router’s default wireless
settings are intact. If they have been changed, use the new ESSID and wireless
security settings. For more details, see the “Setting Up a Wireless Client” section
of this chapter.
1. In the wireless client’s configuration interface, enter the FiOS Router’s
ESSID (found on a sticker on the bottom of the FiOS Router’s case) in the
appropriate text box or field (this varies depending on the wireless client’s
manufacturer).
2. Enter the FiOS Router’s wireless key (also found on the sticker on the bottom
of the FiOS Router’s case) in the wireless client’s configuration interface.
3. Save the changes and exit the wireless client’s configuration interface. The
client should now detect and join the FiOS Router’s wireless network. If not,
check the wireless client’s documentation, or contact its manufacturer.
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© 2011 Verizon. All Rights Reserved.
3
Setting Up a Wireless Network
3.3 Wireless Status
3.3 Wireless Status
Clicking on the “Wireless Settings” icon from the Main screen’s menu generates
the “Wireless Status” screen, which displays the current status of the wireless
connection.
3.3a Radio Enabled
Displays whether the FiOS Router’s wireless radio is active.
3.3b SSID
The SSID (Service Set Identifier) is the network name shared among all devices
on a particular wireless network. The SSID must be identical for all devices
on the wireless network. It is case-sensitive and cannot exceed 32 characters.
Make sure the SSID is the same for all devices to be connected to the wireless
network. The FiOS Router comes from the factory with an SSID already entered
and displayed here. The default SSID can also be found on a sticker on the
bottom of the FiOS Router.
3.3c Channel
Displays the channel to which the wireless connection is currently set.
All devices on the wireless network must be on the same channel to
function correctly.
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FiOS Router User Manual
3.3d Security Enabled
Displays what kind of security is active on the wireless connection, and the
security encryption key.
3.3e SSID Broadcast
Displays whether the FiOS Router is broadcasting its SSID. If activated, the SSID
of the FiOS Router’s wireless network is broadcast wirelessly.
3.3f MAC Authentication
Displays whether the FiOS Router is using MAC (Media Access Control) address
authentication to allow wireless devices to join the network.
3.3g Wireless Mode
Displays the types of wireless device that can join the network. Options include
802.11b, 802.11g, 802.11 n, or Mixed (allows 802.11b-, 802.11g-, and 802.11nequipped wireless devices to join the network).
3.3h WMM
Displays whether WMM is enabled on the FiOS Router.
3.3i Packets Received/Sent
Displays the number of packets received and sent since the FiOS Router’s
wireless capability was activated.
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Setting Up a Wireless Network
3.4 Basic Security Settings
3.4 Basic Security Settings
To configure the FiOS Router’s wireless network for basic security, select “Basic
Security Settings” from the menu on the left side of any Wireless Settings screen.
The “Basic Security Settings” screen appears.
Note: The FiOS Router’s default wireless security is WPA2. This section explains
how to activate WEP wireless security, which is a less robust security than WPA2.
To set up WPA2 wireless security, see “WPA2” on page 37.
1. Click the “On” radio button to activate the FiOS Router’s wireless radio.
2. Enter the name of the wireless network in the “SSID” text box (the SSID name
in the figure above is an example; enter a different name for the SSID).
3. Select the channel at which the FiOS Router’s wireless radio communicates
by selecting it from the “Channel” drop-down list.
4. To preserve the channel selection in the event of a FiOS Router power cycle,
click in the box next to “Keep my channel selection during power cycle.”
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5. Click the “WEP” radio button to activate WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy)
security on the wireless network.
6. Select a WEP security level from the “select a WEP Key” drop-down list
(options include “64/40 bit” or “128/104 bit”).
7. Enter the key code in the “Key Code” text box. Each character must be a
letter from A-F or a number from 0-9. If 64/40 bit was selected in step 5,
enter 10 characters. If 128/104 was selected, enter 26 characters.
8. Write down the wireless settings displayed on the screen. Other wireless
devices must use these same settings when configuring the device’s wireless
networking scheme to join the FiOS Router’s wireless network.
9. Click Apply to save the settings.
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Setting Up a Wireless Network
3.5 Advanced Security Settings
3.5 Advanced Security Settings
To configure the FiOS Router’s advanced wireless network security settings,
select “Advanced Security Settings” from the menu on the left side of any
Wireless Settings screen. The “Advanced Security Settings” screen appears.
3.5a Level 1 (Wireless Security)
This section is used to configure different types of wireless security. Select
the type of wireless security to be applied to the wireless network by clicking
the appropriate radio button, then configure the security settings in the
subsequent screens.
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WEP
If WEP was selected in the Advanced Security Settings screen, the “WEP”
screen appears.
1. Select the appropriate WEP mode from the drop-down list. Options include
WEP Only, or 802.1x. If selecting the latter, see the “802.1x” section on the
next page.
2. Select the appropriate network authentication level from the drop-down list.
Options include Open System Authentication, Shared Key Authentication,
or Both.
3. Activate WEP key 1 by clicking the radio button next to “1” on the left side.
4. Select the length of key 1 by selecting “64/40 bit” or “128/104 bit” from the
appropriate drop-down list in the “Key Length” column.
5. Select the type of key from the appropriate drop-down list in the “Entry
Method” column. If “Hex” is selected, the key must be made up of
hexadecimal digits. If “ASCII” is selected, the key can be made up of
any characters.
6. Enter the key in the appropriate text box in the “Encryption Key” column.
If 64/40 bit was chosen in step 2, enter 10 characters. If 128/104 bit was
chosen, enter 24 characters. Depending on what option was selected in step
3, enter hexadecimal or ASCII characters.
7. Click Apply to save changes.
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Setting Up a Wireless Network
3.5 Advanced Security Settings
802.1x
If 802.1x was selected in step 1 of the previous procedure, another screen
appears, relating to settings for 802.1x WEP.
802.1x WEP is a robust security protocol that uses port control with dynamically
changing encryption keys automatically updated over the network. 802.1x WEP
uses a RADIUS (Remote Authentication Dial-in Service) server for authentication
purposes. This server must be physically connected to the FiOS Router. Also, the
user must enable the RADIUS client embedded in the FiOS Router (to do this,
see chapter 8, “Advanced Settings”).
1. Select the WEP Mode from the “WEP Mode” drop-down list box.
2. Enter the RADIUS server IP address in the “Server IP” text boxes.
3. Enter the RADIUS server’s port number in the “Server Port” text box.
4. Enter the RADIUS server’s shared secret in the “Shared Secret” text box.
5. Click Apply to save changes.
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WPA
If WPA (Wi-Fi Protected Access) was selected, the “WPA Key” screen appears.
1. Review the onscreen guide, “User Guidance on Password Selection.”
2. Make sure the radio button next to “Verizon Default Pre-Shared Key
(Recommended)” is activated (blue). If not, click the button to activate.
3. Write the default pre-shared key down and keep it in a secure place.
4. Select the proper encryption algorithm (TKIP, AES, or TKIP+AES).
5. Click in the “Group Key Update Interval” check box to activate the group key
update interval, and set the interval time in the text box to the right.
6. Click Apply at the bottom of the screen to save changes.
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Setting Up a Wireless Network
3.5 Advanced Security Settings
WPA2
If WPA2 was selected, the “WPA2” screen appears.
1. Review the onscreen guide, “User Guidance on Password Selection.”
2. Make sure the radio button next to “Verizon Default Pre-Shared Key
(Recommended)” is activated (blue). If not, click the button to activate.
3. Write the default pre-shared key down and keep it in a secure place.
4. Select the proper encryption algorithm (TKIP, AES, or TKIP+AES).
5. Click in the “Group Key Update Interval” check box to activate the group key
update interval, and set the interval time in the text box to the right.
6. Click Apply at the bottom of the screen to save changes.
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3.5b Level 2 (SSID Broadcast)
This section is used to configure the FiOS Router’s SSID broadcast capabilities.
Enabling this option allows any wireless device using an SSID of “Any” to detect
the FiOS Router’s wireless network. Disabling “SSID Broadcast” allows only those
wireless users who know the SSID of the wireless network to detect and connect
to the network.
Selecting “SSID Broadcast” generates the “SSID Broadcast” screen.
Click the “Enable” radio button to enable SSID broadcasting. If enabled, the SSID
of the FiOS Router’s wireless network will be broadcast wirelessly. To disable
SSID broadcasting, click the “Disable” radio button.
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Setting Up a Wireless Network
3.5 Advanced Security Settings
3.5c Level 3 (Limiting Access)
This option is used to limit access to the FiOS Router’s wireless network.
Wireless MAC Authentication
Wireless MAC authentication allows the user to allow or deny access to the
FiOS Router’s wireless network by a particular device’s MAC address. Selecting
“Wireless MAC Authentication” from the Advanced Security Settings screen
generates the “Wireless MAC Authentication” screen.
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FiOS Router User Manual
To set up wireless MAC authentication:
1. Click in the “Enable Access List” check box.
2. Select either “Accept all devices listed below” or “Deny all devices listed
below” by clicking the appropriate radio button. Selecting “Accept…”
causes all devices listed by MAC address to access the FiOS Router’s wireless
network. Selecting “Deny…” causes all listed devices to be denied access.
3. Enter the MAC address of a device in the “Client MAC address” text box.
4. Click Add.
5. Repeat steps 3 and 4 to add more devices to the list.
6. When finished listing devices, click Apply.
To remove a MAC address, select it from the “List” list box, then click Remove.
802.11b/g/n Mode
This option allows the user to select the wireless communication standard
compatible with the devices to be connected on the wireless network from the
drop-down list. Options include Compatibility (802.11b, g, and n devices can
connect) Legacy (only 802.11b and g devices can connect), and Performance
(only 802.11n devices can join).
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Setting Up a Wireless Network
3.5 Advanced Security Settings
3.5d Other Advanced Wireless Options
Clicking Other Advanced Wireless Options at the bottom of the Advanced
Security Settings screen generates (after clicking through the “Warning” screen)
another “Advanced Wireless Options” screen.
Transmission Rate
Always set to “Auto.”
Transmit Power
Adjust the power of the FiOS Router’s wireless signal by entering a percentage
in this text box.
CTS Protection Mode
Activating CTS (Clear to Send) Protection Mode allows mixed 802.11b/g/n
networks to operate at maximum efficiency. Select Auto from the drop-down
list to activate. Select None to deactivate .
CTS Protection Type
Select from the two options: cts-only (for mixed 802.11b/g/n networks) or
rts-cts (for 802.11a/b/g networks).
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FiOS Router User Manual
Frame Burst - Max Number
Frame Burst allows packet bursting, which increases overall network speed.
Enter the maximum number of frame bursts in this text box.
Frame Burst - Burst Time
Enter the burst time of the frame bursts in this text box.
Beacon Interval
Enter the time period of the beacon interval in this text box.
DTIM Interval
Enter the DTIM (Delivery Traffic Indication Message) interval value (in
milliseconds) in this text box. A DTIM is a countdown mechanism for the FiOS
Router, informing wireless network clients of the next window for listening to
broadcast and multicast messages.
Fragmentation Threshold
Setting the correct fragmentation threshold can increase the reliability of frame
transmissions on the wireless network. Enter the fragmentation threshold in this
text box.
RTS Threshold
Enter the RTS (Request to Send) threshold in this text box. This setting controls
what size data packet the low level RF protocol issues to an RTS packet.
MSDU Aggregation
Use these radio buttons to enable or disable MSDU aggregation.
MPDU Aggregation
Use these radio buttons to enable or disable MPDU aggregation.
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3
Setting Up a Wireless Network
3.5 Advanced Security Settings
802.11 Guard Interval
Always set to “Dynamic.”
3.5e WMM Settings
Clicking WMM Settings at the bottom of the Advanced Wireless Options
screen generates (after clicking through the “Warning” screen) the “Wireless QoS
(WMM)” screen. This screen allows the user to prioritize the types of data coming
over the FiOS Router’s wireless network.
Wireless QoS (WMM)
Click in the check box to enable/disable Wireless QoS.
WMM Power Save
Click in the check box to enable/disable WMM Power Save.
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Priority Table
The upper table in the Wireless QoS screen is the Priority Table.
Use the green up and down arrows to adjust the priority of a particular type of
wireless data. The data type at the top of the table has the highest priority on
the wireless network; at the bottom is the lowest. Additionally, the user can add
a custom type of data by clicking Add and, in the screen that appears, creating
a new type of data tag. Finally, clicking the Action icon in the row corresponding
to an existing type of data allows the user to modify that type of data’s Tag and
WMM access.
Admission Control Table
The lower table in the Wireless QoS screen is the Admission Control Table.
This table allows the user to adjust a wireless data type’s admission control by
selecting Yes/No from the corresponding row’s drop-down list. Also, if needed,
enter a Quota amount in the appropriate Quota text box.
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3
Setting Up a Wireless Network
3.6 Setting Up a Wireless Client
3.6 Setting Up a Wireless Client
If the computer has wireless capabilities and is running Windows XP, Vista,
or 7, it will automatically recognize the existing wireless network and try to
create a wireless connection. View this connection under Windows’
“Network Connections.”
3.6a Setting Up a Wireless Windows Client (Windows 7)
If the computer has wireless capabilities and is running Windows 7, it will
automatically recognize the existing wireless network and try to create a wireless
connection. To manually connect to a wireless network:
1. Click the wireless icon the system tray (in the lower right corner of the
desktop) and, from the menu that appears, click the FiOS Router’s wireless
network name from the list.
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2. When the “Connect” button appears under the network’s name, click on it.
3. A “Connect to a Network” window appears. Enter the security key of the
wireless network in the appropriate text box, then click OK.
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Setting Up a Wireless Network
3.6 Setting Up a Wireless Client
4. The connection is made. To check the status of the connection, click on the
wireless icon in the service tray again. In the example, the computer has
successfully joined the wireless network “DWYL7.”
3.6b Setting Up a Wireless Windows Client (Windows Vista)
If the computer has wireless capabilities and is running Windows Vista, it will
automatically recognize the existing wireless network and try to create a wireless
connection. View this connection under Windows’“Network Connections.”
1. Click the wireless icon the system tray (in the lower right corner of the
desktop) and, from the menu that appears, select Connect to a Network.
2. A “Connect to a Network” window appears. Select the FiOS Router’s
wireless network.
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3. Another Connect to a Network window appears. Enter the WPA key of the
network in the appropriate text box.
4. Click Connect. A third Connect to a Network window appears, stating that
the connection was successful.
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Setting Up a Wireless Network
3.6 Setting Up a Wireless Client
3.6c Setting Up a Wireless Windows Client (Windows XP)
This section assumes the FiOS Router’s wireless network is set up with
WPA security.
1. Click Network Connections in the Control Panel. The “Network
Connections” window appears.
2. Double-click the wireless connection icon. The “Wireless Network
Connection” screen appears, displaying the available wireless connections.
Select the FiOS Router’s network.
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3. Click the connection once to mark it, then click Connect at the bottom of
the screen. The following login window appears, asking for a “Network Key,”
which is the pre-shared key used when configuring the FiOS Router’s WPA
security (see the “WPA” section in this chapter).
4. Enter the network (WPA) key in both text boxes and click Connect. After
the connection is established, its status will change to “Connected,” as
shown below.
An icon appears in the notification area, announcing the successful initiation
of the wireless connection.
5. Test the connection by disabling all other connections in the Network
Connections window and surfing the Internet.
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Setting Up a Wireless Network
3.6 Setting Up a Wireless Client
Manual Wireless Network Connection
If the login window shown in step 3 does not appear and the connection
attempt fails, configure the connection manually using the following procedure:
1. Click the connection once to mark it and then click Change Advanced
Settings in the “Related Tasks” box on the left part of the window.
2. The “Wireless Network Connection Properties” window appears. Select
Wireless Networks.
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3. Click the connection to highlight it, then click Properties. The connection’s
“Properties Window” appears.
4. From the “Network Authentication” drop-down list, select “Open.”
5. From the “Data Encryption” drop-down list, select “WPA.”
6. Enter the pre-shared key in both the “Network key” and the “Confirm
network key” text boxes.
7. Click OK, then OK again.
8. When attempting to connect to the wireless network, the login window
appears, pre-populated with the pre-shared key. Press Connect to connect.
Since the network is now secured, only users who know the pre-shared key will
be able to connect.
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4
4.0
4.1
4.2
Introduction
Accessing the My Network
Settings
Using the My Network
Settings
Configuring
My Network
Settings
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Once the FiOS Router is physically
connected and the FiOS Router’s Main
screen is displayed in a web browser, a list
of devices connected to the FiOS Router’s
network appears in the “My Network”
column of the screen. From here, basic
network settings can be configured.
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Configuring My Network Settings
4.1 Accessing My Network Settings
4.1 Accessing My Network Settings
To access My Network, click the “My Network” icon in the Main screen.
The “My Network” screen appears:
On the far right side of the screen, in the “Connected Devices” section, is a list
of the devices currently connected to the FiOS Router’s network, sorted by
connection type and number. The rest of the screen contains the “My Network”
section, which displays each device connected to the FiOS Router’s network,
and a series of basic configuration settings for each device.
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4.2 Using My Network Settings
Various settings can be accessed for a particular device, as follows.
4.2a Access Device
For devices that can be accessed (such as Internet cameras and networked hard
drives), locate it in the My Network column, then click Access Devices to use
the device over the network.
4.2b Access Shared Files
To access the shared files on a particular device, locate the device in the My
Network column, then click Access Shared Files. A list of shared files appears
on the screen.
4.2c Website Blocking
Clicking Website Blocking generates the “Parental Control” screen. For
more information about using parental controls, see chapter 7, “Using
Parental Controls.”
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Configuring My Network Settings
4.2 Using My Network Settings
4.2d Block Internet Services
Internet services blocking is used to prevent a device on the network from
accessing particular services available on the Internet, such as receiving email
or downloading files from FTP sites. To set up Internet services blocking on a
networked device:
1. Locate the device in the My Network column, then click Block Internet
Services. The “Access Control” screen appears.
2. Click Add in the “Networked Computer/Device” column. The “Add Access
Control Rule” screen appears.
3. If this access control rule applies to all networked devices, select “Any” from
the “Networked Computer/Device” list box.
4. Select the Internet protocol to be blocked from the “Protocol” dropdown list.
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5. If this rule will be active continuously, select Always from the “Schedule”
drop-down list. If the rule will only be active at certain times, select “User
Defined” and click Add. Then, add a schedule rule (for more details about
schedule rules, see the “Advanced Settings” chapter of this manual).
Note: Make sure the FiOS Router’s date and time settings for your time zone are
set correctly for schedule rules to function properly.
6. Click Apply to save the changes. The Access Control screen will display a
summary of the access control rule.
The user may disable an access control and the service made available without
having to remove the service from the Access Control table. This may be useful
to make the service available only temporarily, with the expectation that the
restriction will be reinstated later.
t
 To temporarily disable an access control, clear the check box next to the
network computer/device.
t
 To reinstate the restriction at a later time, select the check box next to the
network computer/device.
t
 To remove an access restriction from the Access Control table, click Remove
for the service. The service will be removed from the Access Control table.
Note: When Web Filtering is enabled, HTTP services cannot be blocked by
access control.
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Configuring My Network Settings
4.2 Using My Network Settings
4.2e Port Forwarding
Activating “Port Forwarding” allows the network to be exposed to the Internet
in certain limited and controlled ways, enabling some applications to work from
the local network (game, voice, and chat applications, for example), as well
as allowing Internet access to servers in the local network. To set this up on a
networked device, locate the device in the My Network column, then click Port
Forwarding. The “Port Forwarding” screen appears.
To set up basic port forwarding:
1. Click the arrow next to “Specify IP” to display a menu and either enter the IP
address of the item to port forward from, or choose an item from the dropdown menu.
2. Click the arrow next to “Protocol” and select a pre-configured application
from the drop-down menu.
3. Select an option from the “Destination Ports” drop-down list. If a single port
or range of ports is selected, enter the port numbers in the text boxes
that appear.
4. Click Add. The new port forwarding rule appears in the “Applied rules” table
at the bottom of the screen.
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To set up advanced port forwarding:
1. Click the arrow next to “Specify IP” to display a menu and either enter the IP
address of the item to port forward from, or choose an item from the dropdown menu.
2. Click the arrow next to “Protocol” and select a pre-configured application
from the drop-down menu.
3. Select an option from the “Destination Ports” drop-down list. If a single port
or range of ports is selected, enter the port numbers in the text boxes
that appear.
4. Click Advanced. The advanced port forwarding options appear.
5. Select the connection with which this port forwarding rule will be active
from the “WAN Connection Type” drop-down list.
6. To select a port to forward communications to (this is optional), select an
option from the “Forward to” drop-down list. If a single port or range of ports
is selected, enter the port numbers in the text boxes that appear.
7. If this port will be active all the time, select “Always” from the “Schedule”
drop-down list. If the rule will only be active at certain times, select “User
Defined” and click Add. Then, add a schedule rule (for more details about
schedule rules, see the “Advanced Settings” chapter of this manual).
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Configuring My Network Settings
4.2 Using My Network Settings
8. Click Apply to save the changes. The new port forwarding rule appears in
the “Applied rules” table at the bottom of the screen.
Note: Some applications, such as FTP, TFTP, PPTP, and H323, require the support
of special specific Application Level Gateway (ALG) modules to work inside the
local network. Data packets associated with the aforementioned applications
contain information that allows them to be routed correctly. An ALG is needed
to handle these packets and ensure they reach their intended destinations. The
FiOS Router is equipped with a robust list of ALG modules, enabling maximum
functionality in the local network. The ALG is automatically assigned based on
the destination port.
4.2f View Device Details
To view information about a networked device, or to test a device’s connection,
locate the device in the My Network column, then click View Device Details.
The “Device Information” screen appears.
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1. Click Test Connectivity. The “Diagnostics” screen appears.
2. The FiOS Router automatically runs a ping test, and the results are displayed
in the Diagnostics screen.
4.2g Rename This Device
To rename a networked device, locate the device in the My Network column,
then click Rename This Device. The “Rename Device” screen appears.
Enter the new name of the device in the “New Name” text box and, if needed,
select a new icon for the device from the “New Icon” drop-down list.
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5
5.0
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5
5.6
5.7
5.8
5.9
Introduction
Accessing Network
Connections
Network (Home/Office)
Connection
Ethernet Connection
Wireless Access Point
Connection
Coax Connection
Broadband Ethernet
Connection
Broadband Coax Connection
WAN PPPoE Connection
WAN PPPoE 2 Connection
Using
Network
Connections
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The FiOS Router supports various local
area network (LAN) and wide area network
(WAN, or Internet) connections via
Ethernet or coaxial cables. The “Network
Connections” screens are used to configure
the various aspects of the FiOS Router’s
network and Internet connections, and
create new connections.
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Using Network Connections
5.1 Accessing Network Connections
5.1 Accessing Network Connections
Caution! The settings covered in this chapter should be configured by
experienced network technicians only.
To access the FiOS Router’s network connections, in the “My Network” screen,
click Network Connections from the menu on the left side. The “Network
Connections” screen appears.
Click Advanced to expand the screen and display all connection entries.
To select a connection, click on its name. The rest of this chapter describes
the different network connections available on the FiOS Router, as well as the
connection types that can be created.
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5.2 Network (Home/Office) Connection
Select Network (Home/Office) in the Network Connections screen to generate
the “Network (Home/Office) Properties” screen. This screen displays a list of
the local network’s properties. The only modifications that can be made from
this screen are disabling the connection (by clicking Disable) or renaming the
connection (by entering a new name in the “Rule Name” text box).
Note: When a network is disabled, its formerly underlying devices will not
be able to get the DHCP address from the network interface to which they
were connected.
The Network (Home/Office) connection is used to combine several network
devices under one virtual network. For example, a home/office network can be
created for Ethernet and other network devices.
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Using Network Connections
5.2 Network (Home/Office) Connection
5.2a Configuring the Home/Office Network
Click Settings in the “Network (Home/Office) Properties” screen to generate a
second “Network (Home/Office) Properties” screen.
General
The top part of the screen displays general communication parameters. We
recommend not changing the default values in this section unless familiar with
networking concepts.
Status Displays the connection status of the network.
When should this rule occur? Displays when the rule is active. To schedule
rules, see the “Advanced Settings” chapter.
Network Select the type of connection being configured from the drop-down
list (options: Broadband Connection, Network [Home/Office], or DMZ).
Connection Type Displays the type of connection.
Physical Address Displays the physical address of the network card used for
the network.
MTU MTU (Maximum Transmission Unit) specifies the largest packet size
permitted for Internet transmission. “Automatic” sets the MTU at 1500. Other
choices include “Automatic by DHCP,” which sets the MTU according to the DHCP
connection, and “Manual,” which allows the MTU to be set manually.
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Internet Protocol
This section has three options: No IP Address, Obtain an IP Address
Automatically, and Use the Following IP Address.
No IP Address Select this option if the connection will have no IP address. This
is useful if the connection operates under a bridge.
Obtain an IP Address Automatically Select this option if the network
connection is required by the ISP to obtain an IP address automatically. The
server assigning the IP address also assigns a subnet mask address, which can
be overridden by entering another subnet mask address.
Use the Following IP Address Select this option if the network connection
uses a permanent (static) IP address, then the IP address and subnet
mask address.
Bridge
The “Bridge” section of the Configure Network (Home/Office) screen is used
to configure the LAN devices connected to the FiOS Router. By default, the
Ethernet, Coax, and Wireless Access Point connections are activated. Do not
change these settings unless instructed to do so by the ISP.
Status The “Status” column displays the connection status of a particular device.
STP Click in the device’s “STP” check box to enable Spanning Tree Protocol
on the device. This protocol provides path redundancy while preventing
undesirable loops in the network.
Action The “Action” column contains an icon that, when clicked, generates the
configuration screen of the particular device.
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Using Network Connections
5.2 Network (Home/Office) Connection
DNS Server
Domain Name System (DNS) is the method by which website or domain names
are translated into IP addresses. Specify such an address manually, according to
the information provided by the ISP.
To manually configure DNS server addresses, select Use the Following DNS
Server Addresses. Specify up to two different DNS server addresses, one
primary, the other secondary.
IP Address Distribution
The “IP Address Distribution” section of the Configure Network (Home/Office)
screen is used to configure the FiOS Router’s Dynamic Host Configuration
Protocol (DHCP) server parameters. DHCP automatically assigns IP addresses
to network devices. If enabled, make sure to configure the network devices as
“DHCP Clients.” There are three options in this section: Disabled, DHCP Server,
and DHCP Relay.
Disabled Select this option if statically assigning IP addresses to the
network devices.
DHCP Server To set up the network bridge to function as a DHCP server:
1. Select DHCP Server.
2. Enter the IP address at which the FiOS Router starts issuing addresses in the
“Start IP Address” text boxes. Since the FiOS Router’s default IP address is
192.168.1.1, the Start IP Address should be 192.168.1.2.
3. Enter the end of the IP address range used to automatically issue IP
addresses in the “End IP Address” text boxes. The “maximum” IP address that
can be entered here is 192.168.1.254.
4. Enter the subnet mask address in the “Subnet Mask” text boxes. The subnet
mask determines which portion of a destination LAN IP address is the
network portion, and which portion is the host portion.
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5. If Windows Internet Naming Service (WINS) is being used, enter the WINS
server address in the “WINS Server” text boxes.
6. Enter the amount of time a network device will be allowed to connect to the
FiOS Router with its currently issued dynamic IP address in the “Lease Time
in Minutes” text box.
7. Click in the “Provide Host Name If Not Specified by Client” check box to have
the FiOS Router automatically assign network devices with a host name, in
case a host name is not provided by the user.
DHCP Relay Select this option to have the FiOS Router function as a DHCP
relay, and enter the IP address in the screen that appears.
Routing
The FiOS Router can be configured to use static or dynamic routing. Dynamic
routing automatically adjusts how packets travel on the network, while
static routing specifies a fixed routing path to neighboring destinations. To
configure routing:
1. Enter a device metric in the “Device Metric” text box. The device metric is a
value used by the FiOS Router to determine whether one route is superior to
another, considering parameters such as bandwidth and delay time.
2. Click in the “Default Route” check box to define this device as a
default route.
3. Click in the “Multicast - IGMP Proxy Internal” check box to activate
multicasting. Multicasting enables the FiOS Router to issue IGMP (Internet
Group Management Protocol) host messages on behalf of hosts the FiOS
Router discovers through standard IGMP interfaces. IGMP proxy enables the
routing of multicast packets according to the IGMP requests of local network
devices asking to join multicast groups.
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5.3 Ethernet Connection
Routing Table
Clicking New Route generates the “New Route” window, where a new route can
be configured.
Additional IP Addresses
Clicking New IP Address generates the “Additional IP Address Settings” screen,
where additional IP addresses can be created to access the FiOS Router via the
Network (Home/Office) connection.
5.3 Ethernet Connection
An Ethernet connection connects computers to the FiOS Router using Ethernet
cables, either directly or via network hubs and switches. Click Ethernet in the
Network Connections screen (if needed, click Advanced at the bottom of the
screen to reveal the “Ethernet” link below “Network [Home/Office]”) to generate
the “Ethernet Properties” screen. This screen displays a list of the connection’s
properties. The only modifications that can be made from this screen are
disabling the connection (by clicking Disable) or renaming the connection (by
entering a new name in the “Rule Name” text box).
Note: If disabling the connection, the FiOS Router must be rebooted for the
change to take effect.
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5.3a Configuring the Ethernet Connection
Click Settings at the bottom-right of the Ethernet Properties screen to generate
another “Ethernet Properties” screen.
General
The top part of the screen displays general communication parameters. We
recommend not changing the default values in this section unless familiar with
networking concepts.
Status Displays the connection status of the Ethernet switch.
When should this rule occur? Displays when the rule is active. To schedule
rules, see the “Advanced Settings” chapter.
Network Select the type of connection being configured from the drop-down
list (Network [Home/Office], Broadband Connection, or DMZ).
Connection Type Displays the type of connection.
Physical Address Displays the physical address of the network card used for
the network.
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5.3 Ethernet Connection
MTU MTU (Maximum Transmission Unit) specifies the largest packet size
permitted for Internet transmission. “Automatic” sets the MTU at 1500. Other
choices include “Automatic by DHCP,” which sets the MTU according to the DHCP
connection, and “Manual,” which allows the MTU to be set manually.
Additional IP Addresses
Clicking New IP Address generates the “Additional IP Address Settings” screen,
where additional IP addresses can be created to access the FiOS Router via the
Ethernet connection.
HW Switch Ports
This section displays the connection status of the FiOS Router’s four
Ethernet ports. Clicking on a connection’s “Action” icon (in the column on the
right) generates the “Port Settings” screen, where ingress and egress policies can
be edited.
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5.4 Wireless Access Point Connection
A Wireless Access Point connection connects devices wirelessly. Click Wireless
Access Point in the Network Connections screen (if needed, click Advanced
at the bottom of the screen to reveal the “Wireless Access Point” link below
“Network [Home/Office]”) to generate the “Wireless Access Point Properties”
screen. This screen displays a list of the connection’s properties. The only
modifications that can be made from this screen are disabling the connection
(by clicking Disable) or renaming the connection (by entering a new name in
the “Name” text box).
Note: If disabling the connection, the FiOS Router must be rebooted for the
change to take effect.
5.4a Configure Wireless Access Point
Click Settings at the bottom-right of the Wireless Access Point Properties screen
generates a second “Wireless Access Point Properties” screen.
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5.4 Wireless Access Point Connection
General
The top part of the screen displays general communication parameters. We
recommend not changing the default values in this section unless familiar with
networking concepts.
Status Displays the status of the wireless access point connection.
When should this rule occur? Displays when the rule is active. To schedule
rules, see the “Advanced Settings” chapter.
Network Select the type of connection being configured from the drop-down
list (options: Network [Home/Office], Broadband Connection, or DMZ).
Connection Type Displays the type of connection.
Physical Address Displays the physical address of the network card used for
the network.
MTU MTU (Maximum Transmission Unit) specifies the largest packet size
permitted for Internet transmission. “Automatic” sets the MTU at 1500. Other
choices include “Automatic by DHCP,” which sets the MTU according to the DHCP
connection, and “Manual,” which allows the MTU to be set manually.
Additional IP Addresses
Clicking New IP Address generates the “Additional IP Address Settings” screen,
where additional IP addresses can be created to access the FiOS Router via the
Wireless Access Point connection.
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5.5 Coax Connection
A Coax connection connects devices (such as set-top boxes) to the FiOS Router
using a coaxial cable. Click Coax in the Network Connections screen (if needed,
click Advanced at the bottom of the screen to reveal the “Coax” link below
“Network [Home/Office]”) to generate the “Coax Properties” screen. This screen
displays a list of the connection’s properties. The only modifications that can
be made from this screen are disabling the connection (by clicking Disable) or
renaming the connection (by entering a new name in the “Name” text box).
Note: If disabling the connection, the FiOS Router must be rebooted for the
change to take effect.
5.5a Configure Coax
Click Settings at the bottom-right of the Coax Properties screen generates a
second “Coax Properties” screen.
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5.5 Coax Connection
General
The top part of the screen displays general communication parameters. We
recommend not changing the default values in this section unless familiar with
networking concepts.
Status Displays the status of the coax connection.
When should this rule occur? Displays when the rule is active. To schedule
rules, see the “Advanced Settings” chapter.
Network Select the type of connection being configured from the drop-down
list (options: Network [Home/Office], Broadband Connection, or DMZ).
Connection Type Displays the type of connection.
Physical Address Displays the physical address of the network card used for
the network.
MTU MTU (Maximum Transmission Unit) specifies the largest packet size
permitted for Internet transmission. “Automatic” sets the MTU at 1500. Other
choices include “Automatic by DHCP,” which sets the MTU according to the DHCP
connection, and “Manual,” which allows the MTU to be set manually.
Coax Link
Set up the coax link options in this section of the Configure Coax screen.
Options include Channel, Privacy, and Password.
Channel Select the Channel from the drop-down list (select from 1-6,
or “Automatic”).
Privacy Toggle “Privacy” by clicking in the “Enabled” check box. If Privacy is
activated, all devices connected via coaxial cable must use the same password.
We recommend leaving the Privacy option deactivated.
Password Enter the Coax Link password in this text box.
CM Ratio Select the CM Ratio from the drop-down menu here.
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Additional IP Addresses
Clicking New IP Address generates the “Additional IP Address Settings” screen,
where additional IP addresses can be created to access the FiOS Router via the
Coax Link Ethernet connection.
Coax Connection Status
Click Go to LAN Coax Stats to generate the “Coax Connection Status” screen,
which gives an overview of all the devices connected to the FiOS Router via
coaxial cable.
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5.6 Broadband Ethernet Connection
5.6 Broadband Ethernet Connection
A Broadband Ethernet connection connects the FiOS Router to the Internet
using an Ethernet cable. Click Broadband Connection (Ethernet) from the
Network Connections screen to generate the “Broadband Connection (Ethernet)
Properties” screen. This screen displays a list of the connection’s properties.
The only modifications that can be made from this screen are disabling the
connection (by clicking Disable) or renaming the connection (by entering a
new name in the “Rule Name” text box).
Note: If disabling the connection, the FiOS Router must be rebooted for the
change to take effect.
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5.6a Configuring the Broadband Ethernet Connection
Click Settings at the bottom-right of the first Broadband Connection (Ethernet)
Properties window to generate another “Broadband Connection (Ethernet)
Properties” screen.
General
The top part of the screen displays general communication parameters. We
recommend not changing the default values in this section unless you are
familiar with networking concepts.
Status Displays the status of the Ethernet connection (“Down,”“Connected,” etc.)
When should this rule occur? Displays when the rule is active. To configure
rules, see the “Advanced Settings” chapter.
Network Select the type of connection being configured from the drop-down
list (options: Network [Home/Office], Broadband Connection, or DMZ).
Connection Type Displays the type of connection. Since this is an Ethernet
Connection, “Ethernet” is displayed.
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5.6 Broadband Ethernet Connection
Physical Address Displays the physical address of the network card used for
the network.
MTU MTU (Maximum Transmission Unit) specifies the largest packet size
permitted for Internet transmission. “Automatic” sets the MTU at 1500. Other
choices include “Automatic by DHCP,” which sets the MTU according to the DHCP
connection, and “Manual,” which allows the MTU to be set manually.
Internet Protocol
This section includes three options: No IP Address, Obtain an IP Address
Automatically, and Use the Following IP Address.
No IP Address Select this option if the connection has no IP address. This is
useful if the connection is operating under a bridge.
Obtain an IP Address Automatically Select this option if the ISP requires
the connection to obtain an IP address automatically. The server assigning the
IP address also assigns a subnet mask address, which can be overridden by
clicking in the “Override Subnet Mask” check box and entering another subnet
mask address. Additionally, the DHCP lease can be renewed and/or released by
clicking on the appropriate “DHCP Lease” button. The “Expires In” value displays
how long until the DHCP lease expires.
Use the Following IP Address Select this option if the connection uses a
permanent (static) IP address. The ISP should provide this address, along with
a subnet mask address, default gateway address, and, optionally, primary and
secondary DNS server addresses.
DNS Server
The Domain Name System (DNS) is the method by which website or domain
names are translated into IP addresses. This connection can be configured
to automatically obtain a DNS server address, or an address can be specified
manually, according to the information provided by the ISP.
To configure the connection to automatically obtain a DNS server address, select
Obtain DNS Server Address Automatically from the “DNS Server” drop-down
list. To manually configure DNS server addresses, select Use the Following
DNS Server Addresses. Specify up to two different DNS server addresses, one
primary, the other secondary.
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IP Address Distribution
The “IP Address Distribution” section of the Configure Broadband Connection
(Ethernet) screen is used to configure the FiOS Router’s Dynamic Host
Configuration Protocol (DHCP) server parameters. DHCP automatically assigns
IP addresses to network devices. If enabled, make sure to configure the network
devices as “DHCP Clients.” There are three options in this section: Disabled,
DHCP Server, and DHCP Relay.
Caution! We strongly recommend leaving this setting at “Disabled.”
Disabled Select this option if statically assigning IP addresses to the
network devices.
Routing
Routing Mode Select one of the following two Routing modes:
t
 Route - Select this option to cause the FiOS Router to act as a router between
two networks.
t
 NAPT - Select this option to activate NAPT (Network Address and Port
Translation), which refers to network address translation involving the
mapping of port numbers and allows multiple machines to share a single IP
address. Use NAPT if the local network contains multiple devices, a topology
that necessitates port translation in addition to address translation.
Device Metric The device metric is a value used by the FiOS Router to
determine whether one route is superior to another, considering parameters
such as bandwidth, delay, and more.
Default Route Click in this check box to define the connection as a the
default route.
Multicast - IGMP Proxy Default Click in this check box to enable the FiOS
Router to issue IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol) host messages
on behalf of hosts the FiOS Router discovers through standard IGMP interfaces.
IGMP proxy enables the routing of multicast packets according to the IGMP
requests of local network devices asking to join multicast groups.
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5.7 Broadband Coax Connection
Routing Table
Clicking New Route generates the “New Route” window, where a new route can
be configured.
Internet Connection Firewall
Click in the “Enabled” check box to activate the FiOS Router’s firewall on
the connection.
Additional IP Addresses
Clicking New IP Address generates the “Additional IP Address Settings” screen,
where additional IP addresses can be created to access the FiOS Router via
the connection.
5.7 Broadband Coax Connection
A Broadband Coax connection connects the FiOS Router to the Internet using a
coaxial cable. Click Broadband Connection (Coax) in the Network Connections
screen to generate the “Broadband Connection (Coax) Properties” screen. This
screen displays a list of the connection’s properties. The only modifications that
can be made from this screen are disabling the connection (by clicking Disable)
or renaming the connection (by entering a new name in the “Name” text box).
Note: If disabling the connection, the FiOS Router must be rebooted for the
change to take effect.
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5.7a Configuring the Broadband Coax Connection
Click Settings at the bottom of the Broadband Connection (Coax) Properties
screen to generate another “Broadband Connection (Coax ) Properties” screen.
General
The top part of the screen displays general communication parameters. We
recommend not changing the default values in this section unless you are
familiar with networking concepts.
Status Displays the status of the connection (“Down,” “Connected,” etc.).
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5.7 Broadband Coax Connection
When should this rule occur? Displays when the rule is active. To schedule
rules, see the “Advanced Settings” chapter.
Network Select the type of connection being configured from the drop-down
list (options: Network [Home/Office], Broadband Connection, or DMZ).
Connection Type Displays the type of connection. Since this is a coaxial
connection, “Coax” is displayed.
Physical Address Displays the physical address of the network card used for
the network.
MTU MTU (Maximum Transmission Unit) specifies the largest packet size
permitted for Internet transmission. “Automatic” sets the MTU at 1500. Other
choices include “Automatic by DHCP,” which sets the MTU according to the DHCP
connection, and “Manual,” which allows the MTU to be set manually.
Coax Link
Check and configure the coax link connection in this section of the screen.
Auto Detection Select whether you want the FiOS Router to automatically
detect a coaxial link here.
Privacy Toggle “Privacy” by clicking in the “Enabled” check box. If Privacy is
activated, all devices connected via coaxial cable must use the same password.
We recommend leaving the Privacy option deactivated.
Password Enter the Coax Link password here.
CM Ratio Select the CM Ratio from the drop-down menu here.
WAN Coax Connection Speeds
This section displays the FiOS Router’s Tx and Rx speeds (in Mbps).
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Internet Protocol
This section includes three options: No IP Address, Obtain an IP Address
Automatically, and Use the Following IP Address.
No IP Address Select this option if the connection has no IP address. This is
useful when the connection is operating under a bridge.
Obtain an IP Address Automatically Select this option if the ISP requires
the connection to obtain an IP address automatically. The server assigning the
IP address also assigns a subnet mask address, which can be overridden by
clicking in the “Override Subnet Mask” check box and entering another subnet
mask address. Additionally, the DHCP lease can be renewed and/or released by
clicking on the appropriate “DHCP Lease” button. The “Expires In” value displays
how long until the DHCP lease expires.
Use the Following IP Address Select if the WAN connection is configured
using a permanent (static) IP address. The ISP should provide this address, along
with a subnet mask address, default gateway address, and, optionally, primary
and secondary DNS server addresses.
DHCP Lease
Renew or release the current DHCP lease by clicking on the appropriate button.
DNS Server
The Domain Name System (DNS) is the method by which website or domain
names are translated into IP addresses. The connection can be set to
automatically obtain a DNS server address, or an address can be set manually,
according to information provided by the ISP.
To configure the connection to automatically obtain a DNS server address, select
Obtain DNS Server Address Automatically from the “DNS Server” drop-down
list. To manually configure DNS server addresses, select Use the Following
DNS Server Addresses. Specify up to two different DNS server addresses, one
primary, the other secondary.
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5.7 Broadband Coax Connection
IP Address Distribution
The “IP Address Distribution” section of the Configure Broadband Connection
(Coax) screen allows the user to configure the FiOS Router’s Dynamic Host
Configuration Protocol (DHCP) server parameters. The DHCP automatically
assigns IP addresses to network devices. If enabled, make sure to configure
the network devices as “DHCP Clients.” There are three options in this section:
Disabled, DHCP Server, and DHCP Relay.
Caution! We strongly recommend leaving this setting at “Disabled.”
Disabled Select this option if statically assigning IP addresses to the
network devices.
DHCP Server To set up the Broadband Coax connection to function as a
DHCP server:
1. Select DHCP Server.
2. Enter the IP address at which the FiOS Router starts issuing addresses in the
“Start IP Address” text boxes. Since the FiOS Router’s default IP address is
192.168.1.1, the Start IP Address must be 192.168.1.2.
3. Enter the end of the IP address range used to automatically issue IP
addresses in the “End IP Address” text boxes. The “maximum” IP address that
can be entered here is 192.168.1.254.
4. Enter the subnet mask address in the “Subnet Mask” text boxes. The subnet
mask determines which portion of a destination LAN IP address is the
network portion, and which portion is the host portion.
5. If a Windows Internet Naming Service (WINS) is being used, enter the WINS
server address in the “WINS Server” text boxes.
6. Enter the amount of time a network device will be allowed to connect to the
FiOS Router with its currently issued dynamic IP address in the “Lease Time
in Minutes” text box. Just before the time is up, the device’s user will need to
make a request to extend the lease or get a new IP address.
7. Click in the “Provide Host Name If Not Specified by Client” check box to have
the FiOS Router automatically assign network devices with a host name, in
case a host name is not provided by the user.
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DHCP Relay Select this option to have the FiOS Router function as a DHCP
relay, and enter the IP address in the screen that appears.
Routing
Routing Mode Select one of the following two Routing modes:
t
 Route - Select this option to cause the FiOS Router to act as a router between
two networks.
t
 NAPT - Select this option to activate NAPT (Network Address and Port
Translation), which refers to network address translation involving the
mapping of port numbers and allows multiple machines to share a single IP
address. Use NAPT if the local network contains multiple devices, a topology
that necessitates port translation in addition to address translation.
Device Metric The device metric is a value used by the FiOS Router to
determine whether one route is superior to another, considering parameters
such as bandwidth, delay, and more.
Default Route Click in this check box to define the connection as a the
default route.
Multicast - IGMP Proxy Default Click in this check box to enable the FiOS
Router to issue IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol) host messages
on behalf of hosts the FiOS Router discovers through standard IGMP interfaces.
IGMP proxy enables the routing of multicast packets according to the IGMP
requests of local network devices asking to join multicast groups.
Internet Connection Firewall
Enable or disable the firewall for this interface. It is recommended to keep the
firewall enabled for all of the FiOS Router’s connection interfaces.
Additional IP Addresses
Click New IP Address to generate the “Additional IP Address Settings” screen,
where additional IP addresses can be created to access the FiOS Router via
the connection.
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5.8 WAN PPPoE Connection
Coax Connection Stats
Click Go to WAN Coax Stats to generate a new window that displays the FiOS
Router’s WAN Coax connection statistics.
5.8 WAN PPPoE Connection
WAN Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet (PPPoE) relies on two widely
accepted standards: Point-to-Point Protocol and Ethernet. PPPoE enables
Ethernet networked computers to exchange information with computers on the
Internet. PPPoE supports the protocol layers and authentication widely used in
PPP and enables a point-to-point connection to be established in the normally
multipoint architecture of Ethernet. A discovery process in PPPoE determines
the Ethernet MAC address of the remote device in order to establish a session.
Click WAN PPPoE in the Network Connections screen to generate the “WAN
PPPoE Properties” screen. This screen displays a list of the connection’s
properties. The only modifications that can be made from this screen are
disabling the connection (by clicking Disable) or renaming the connection (by
entering a new name in the “Name” text box).
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5.8a Configuring the WAN PPPoE Connection
Click Settings in the WAN PPPoE Properties screen to generate another “WAN
PPPoE Properties” screen.
General
The top part of the screen displays general communication parameters. We
recommend not changing the default values in this section unless familiar with
networking concepts.
Status Displays the connection status of the WAN PPPoE connection. (“Down,”
“Disabled,” “Connected,” etc.)
When should this rule occur? Displays when the rule is active. To schedule
rules, see “Advanced Settings” chapter.
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5.8 WAN PPPoE Connection
Network Select the type of connection being configured from the drop-down
list (Broadband Connection, Network (Home/Office), or DMZ).
Connection Type Displays the type of connection. Since this is PPPoE
connection, “PPPoE” is displayed.
MTU MTU (Maximum Transmission Unit) specifies the largest packet size
permitted for Internet transmission. “Automatic, sets the MTU at 1492. Other
choices include “Automatic,” which sets the MTU according to the connection to
the ISP, and “Manual,” which allows the MTU to be set manually.
Underlying Connection Specify the underlying connection above which
the protocol initiates from the drop-down list, which displays all possible
underlying devices.
PPP Configuration
Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) is the most popular method for transporting
packets between the user and the ISP.
Service Name Specify the networking peer’s service name, if provided by the
ISP, in this text box.
On-Demand To use PPP on demand to initiate the point-to-point protocol
session only when packets are actually sent over the Internet, click in this check
box. This option should be active on a limited basis
Idle Time Before Hanging Up Enter the amount of idle time, in minutes,
before the PPP session automatically ends .
Time Between Reconnect Attempts In this text box, specify the duration
between PPP reconnect attempts, as provided by the ISP.
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PPP Authentication
Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) currently supports four authentication
protocols: Password Authentication Protocol (PAP), Challenge Handshake
Authentication Protocol (CHAP), and Microsoft CHAP versions 1 and 2. Select
the authentication protocols the FiOS Router may use when negotiating with a
PPTP server in this section. Select all the protocols if no information is available
about the server’s authentication methods. Note that encryption is performed
only if Microsoft CHAP, Microsoft CHAP version 2, or both are selected.
Warning: The PPP Authentication settings should not be changed unless
instructed to do so by your ISP.
Login User Name Enter the user name (provided by the ISP) in this text box.
Login Password Enter the password (provided by the ISP) in this text box.
Support Unencrypted Password (PAP) Password Authentication Protocol
(PAP) is a simple, plain-text authentication scheme. The user name and
password are requested by the networking peer in plain-text. PAP, however,
is not a secure authentication protocol. Man-in-the-middle attacks can easily
determine the remote access client’s password. PAP offers no protection against
replay attacks, remote client impersonation, or remote server impersonation.
Support Challenge Handshake Authentication (CHAP) Click in this check
box to activate CHAP, a challenge-response authentication protocol that uses
MD5 to hash the response to a challenge. CHAP protects against replay attacks
by using an arbitrary challenge string per authentication attempt.
Support Microsoft CHAP Click in this check box if communicating with a peer
that uses Microsoft CHAP authentication protocol.
Support Microsoft CHAP Version 2 Select this check box if communicating
with a peer that uses Microsoft CHAP Version 2 authentication protocol.
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5.8 WAN PPPoE Connection
PPP Compression
The PPP Compression Control Protocol (CCP) is responsible for configuring,
enabling, and disabling data compression algorithms on both ends of the
point-to-point link. It is also used to signal a failure of the compression/
decompression mechanism in a reliable manner.
For each compression algorithm (BSD and Deflate), select one of the following
from the drop-down list:
Reject Selecting this option rejects PPP connections with peers that use the
compression algorithm. If Reject is activated, throughput may diminish.
Allow Selecting this option allows PPP connections with peers that use the
compression algorithm.
Require Selecting this option insures a connection with a peer using the
compression algorithm.
Internet Protocol
Select one of the following Internet Protocol options from the “Internet Protocol”
drop-down list:
Obtain an IP Address Automatically This option is selected by default.
Change only if required by the ISP. The server that assigns the FiOS Router with
an IP address also assigns a subnet mask. Override the dynamically assigned
subnet mask by selecting the “Override Subnet Mask” and entering a different
subnet mask.
Use the Following IP Address Select this option to configure the FiOS Router
to use a permanent (static) IP address. The ISP should provide this address.
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DNS Server
The Domain Name System (DNS) is the method by which website or domain
names are translated into IP addresses. The FiOS Router can be configured
to automatically obtain a DNS server address, or the address can be entered
manually, according to the information provided by the ISP.
To configure the connection to automatically obtain a DNS server address, select
Obtain DNS Server Address Automatically from the “DNS Server” drop-down
list. To manually configure DNS server addresses, select Use the Following DNS
Server Addresses from the “DNS Server” drop-down list. Up to two different
DNS server addresses can be entered (Primary and Secondary).
Routing
Routing Mode Select one of the following two Routing modes:
t
 Route - Select this option to cause the FiOS Router to act as a router between
two networks.
t
 NAPT - Select this option to activate NAPT (Network Address and Port
Translation), which refers to network address translation involving the
mapping of port numbers and allows multiple machines to share a single IP
address. Use NAPT if the local network contains multiple devices, a topology
that necessitates port translation in addition to address translation.
Device Metric The device metric is a value used by the FiOS Router to
determine whether one route is superior to another, considering parameters
such as bandwidth, delay, and more.
Default Route Click in this check box to define the connection as the
default route.
Multicast - IGMP Proxy Default Click in this check box to enable the FiOS
Router to issue IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol) host messages
on behalf of hosts the FiOS Router discovers through standard IGMP interfaces.
IGMP proxy enables the routing of multicast packets according to the IGMP
requests of local network devices asking to join multicast groups.
Routing Table
Clicking New Route generates the “New Route” screen, where a new route can
be configured.
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Using Network Connections
5.9 WAN PPPoE 2 Connection
Internet Connection Firewall
Click in the “Enabled” check box to activate the FiOS Router’s firewall on the
WAN PPPoE connection.
5.9 WAN PPPoE 2 Connection
Click WAN PPPoE 2 in the Network Connections screen to generate the “WAN
PPPoE 2 Properties” screen. WAN PPPoE 2 is used for the FiOS Router’s PPPoE
connections over coaxial cable. This screen displays a list of the connection’s
properties. The only modifications that can be made from this screen are
disabling the connection (by clicking Disable) or renaming the connection (by
entering a new name in the “Name” text box).
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5.9a Configuring the WAN PPPoE 2 Connection
Click Settings in the WAN PPPoE 2 Properties screen to generate another “WAN
PPPoE Properties” screen.
General
The top part of the screen displays general communication parameters. We
recommend not changing the default values in this section unless familiar with
networking concepts.
Status Displays the connection status of the WAN PPPoE connection. (“Down,”
“Disabled,” “Connected,” etc.)
When should this rule occur? Displays when the rule is active. To schedule
rules, see “Advanced Settings” chapter.
Network Select the type of connection being configured from the drop-down
list (Broadband Connection, Network (Home/Office), or DMZ).
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5.9 WAN PPPoE 2 Connection
Connection Type Displays the type of connection. Since this is PPPoE
connection, “PPPoE” is displayed.
MTU MTU (Maximum Transmission Unit) specifies the largest packet size
permitted for Internet transmission. “Automatic, sets the MTU at 1492. Other
choices include “Automatic,” which sets the MTU according to the connection to
the ISP, and “Manual,” which allows the MTU to be set manually.
Underlying Connection Specify the underlying connection above which
the protocol initiates from the drop-down list, which displays all possible
underlying devices.
PPP Configuration
Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) is the most popular method for transporting
packets between the user and the ISP.
Service Name Specify the networking peer’s service name, if provided by the
ISP, in this text box.
On-Demand To use PPP on demand to initiate the point-to-point protocol
session only when packets are actually sent over the Internet, click in this check
box. This option should be active on a limited basis
Idle Time Before Hanging Up Enter the amount of idle time, in minutes,
before the PPP session automatically ends .
Time Between Reconnect Attempts In this text box, specify the duration
between PPP reconnect attempts, as provided by the ISP.
PPP Authentication
Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) currently supports four authentication
protocols: Password Authentication Protocol (PAP), Challenge Handshake
Authentication Protocol (CHAP), and Microsoft CHAP versions 1 and 2. Select
the authentication protocols the FiOS Router may use when negotiating with a
PPTP server in this section. Select all the protocols if no information is available
about the server’s authentication methods. Note that encryption is performed
only if Microsoft CHAP, Microsoft CHAP version 2, or both are selected.
Warning: The PPP Authentication settings should not be changed unless
instructed to do so by your ISP.
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Login User Name Enter the user name (provided by the ISP) in this text box.
Login Password Enter the password (provided by the ISP) in this text box.
Support Unencrypted Password (PAP) Password Authentication Protocol
(PAP) is a simple, plain-text authentication scheme. The user name and
password are requested by the networking peer in plain-text. PAP, however,
is not a secure authentication protocol. Man-in-the-middle attacks can easily
determine the remote access client’s password. PAP offers no protection against
replay attacks, remote client impersonation, or remote server impersonation.
Support Challenge Handshake Authentication (CHAP) Click in this check
box to activate CHAP, a challenge-response authentication protocol that uses
MD5 to hash the response to a challenge. CHAP protects against replay attacks
by using an arbitrary challenge string per authentication attempt.
Support Microsoft CHAP Click in this check box if communicating with a peer
that uses Microsoft CHAP authentication protocol.
Support Microsoft CHAP Version 2 Select this check box if communicating
with a peer that uses Microsoft CHAP Version 2 authentication protocol.
PPP Compression
The PPP Compression Control Protocol (CCP) is responsible for configuring,
enabling, and disabling data compression algorithms on both ends of the
point-to-point link. It is also used to signal a failure of the compression/
decompression mechanism in a reliable manner.
For each compression algorithm (BSD and Deflate), select one of the following
from the drop-down list:
Reject Selecting this option rejects PPP connections with peers that use the
compression algorithm. If Reject is activated, throughput may diminish.
Allow Selecting this option allows PPP connections with peers that use the
compression algorithm.
Require Selecting this option insures a connection with a peer using the
compression algorithm.
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Using Network Connections
5.9 WAN PPPoE 2 Connection
Internet Protocol
Select one of the following Internet Protocol options from the “Internet Protocol”
drop-down list:
Obtain an IP Address Automatically This option is selected by default.
Change only if required by the ISP. The server that assigns the FiOS Router with
an IP address also assigns a subnet mask. Override the dynamically assigned
subnet mask by selecting the “Override Subnet Mask” and entering a different
subnet mask.
Use the Following IP Address Select this option to configure the FiOS Router
to use a permanent (static) IP address. The ISP should provide this address.
DNS Server
The Domain Name System (DNS) is the method by which website or domain
names are translated into IP addresses. The FiOS Router can be configured
to automatically obtain a DNS server address, or the address can be entered
manually, according to the information provided by the ISP.
To configure the connection to automatically obtain a DNS server address, select
Obtain DNS Server Address Automatically from the “DNS Server” drop-down
list. To manually configure DNS server addresses, select Use the Following DNS
Server Addresses from the “DNS Server” drop-down list. Up to two different
DNS server addresses can be entered (Primary and Secondary).
Routing
Routing Mode Select one of the following two Routing modes:
t
 Route - Select this option to cause the FiOS Router to act as a router between
two networks.
t
 NAPT - Select this option to activate NAPT (Network Address and Port
Translation), which refers to network address translation involving the
mapping of port numbers and allows multiple machines to share a single IP
address. Use NAPT if the local network contains multiple devices, a topology
that necessitates port translation in addition to address translation.
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Device Metric The device metric is a value used by the FiOS Router to
determine whether one route is superior to another, considering parameters
such as bandwidth, delay, and more.
Default Route Click in this check box to define the connection as the
default route.
Multicast - IGMP Proxy Default Click in this check box to enable the FiOS
Router to issue IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol) host messages
on behalf of hosts the FiOS Router discovers through standard IGMP interfaces.
IGMP proxy enables the routing of multicast packets according to the IGMP
requests of local network devices asking to join multicast groups.
Routing Table
Clicking New Route generates the “New Route” screen, where a new route can
be configured.
Internet Connection Firewall
Click in the “Enabled” check box to activate the FiOS Router’s firewall on the
WAN PPPoE connection.
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6.0
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
6.6
6.7
6.8
6.9
6.10
Introduction
Overview
Firewall
Access Control
Port Forwarding
DMZ Host
Port Triggering
Remote Administration
Static NAT
Advanced Filtering
Security Log
Configuring
Security
Settings
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The FiOS Router’s security suite includes
comprehensive and robust security
services: Stateful Packet Inspection, firewall
security, user authentication protocols, and
password protection mechanisms. These
features help protect users’ computers
from security threats on the Internet.
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Configuring Security Settings
6.1 Overview
6.1 Overview
This chapter covers the following security features:
t
 Firewall - select the security level for the firewall.
t
 Access Control - restrict access from the local network to the Internet.
t
 Port Forwarding - enable access from the Internet to specified services
provided by computers on the local network.
t
 DMZ Host - configure a network host to receive all traffic arriving at the FiOS
Router which does not belong to a known session.
t
 Port Triggering - define port triggering entries to dynamically open the
firewall for some protocols or ports.
t
 Remote Administration - enable remote configuration of the FiOS Router
from any Internet-accessible computer.
t
 Static NAT - allow multiple static NAT IP addresses to be designated to
devices on the network.
t
 Advanced Filtering - control the firewall’s settings and rules.
t
 Security Log - view and configure the security log.
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6.2 Firewall
The FiOS Router’s firewall is the cornerstone of the FiOS Router’s security suite.
It has been exclusively tailored to the needs of the residential/office user and is
pre-configured to provide optimum security.
The firewall provides both the security and flexibility home and office users seek. It
provides a managed, professional level of network security while enabling the safe
use of interactive applications, such as Internet gaming and video-conferencing.
Additional features, including surfing restrictions and access control, can also
be configured locally through the FiOS Router’s GUI, or remotely by a
service provider.
The firewall also supports advanced filtering, designed to allow comprehensive
control over the firewall’s behavior. Specific input and output rules can be
defined, the order of logically similar sets of rules can be controlled, and
distinctions between rules that apply to Internet and local network devices can
be made.
The firewall regulates the flow of data between the local network and the
Internet. Both incoming and outgoing data are inspected and then either
accepted (allowed to pass through the FiOS Router) or rejected (barred from
passing through the FiOS Router) according to a flexible and configurable set of
rules. These rules are designed to prevent unwanted intrusions from the outside,
while allowing local network users access to required Internet services.
The firewall rules specify what types of services available on the Internet can
be accessed from the local network and what types of services available in the
local network can be accessed from the Internet. Each request for a service
the firewall receives, whether originating in the Internet or from a computer in
the local network, is checked against the firewall rules to determine whether
the request should be allowed to pass through the firewall. If the request is
permitted to pass, all subsequent data associated with this request (a “session”)
will also be allowed to pass, regardless of its direction.
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6.2 Firewall
For example, when accessing a website on the Internet, a request is sent out to
the Internet for this site. When the request reaches the FiOS Router, the firewall
identifies the request type and origin (HTTP and a specific computer in the local
network, in this case). Unless the FiOS Router is configured to block requests of
this type from this computer, the firewall allows this request to pass out onto
the Internet. When the website is returned from the web server, the firewall will
associate it with this session and allow it to pass, regardless of whether HTTP
access from the Internet to the local network is blocked or permitted.
Note that it is the origin of the request, not subsequent responses to this
request, which determines whether a session can be established or not.
6.2a General Screen
The “General” screen is used to configure the FiOS Router’s basic firewall settings.
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The FiOS Router features three pre-defined firewall security levels: Maximum,
Typical, and Minimum. The table below summarizes the behavior of the FiOS
Router for each of the three security levels.
Internet requests
(incoming traffic)
Local network requests
(outgoing traffic)
Maximum
Security
Blocked - No access
to local network from
Internet, except as
configured in the Port
Forwarding, DMZ host, and
Remote Access screens.
Limited - Only commonly
used services, such as
web browsing and email,
are permitted.
Typical Security
Blocked - No access
to local network from
Internet, except as
configured in the Port
Forwarding, DMZ host, and
Remote Access screens.
Unrestricted - All
services are permitted,
except as configured in
the Access Control screen.
Minimum
Security
Unrestricted - Permits
full access from Internet
to local network; all
connection attempts
are permitted.
Unrestricted - All services
are permitted, except as
configured in the Access
Control screen.
Security Level
These services include Telnet, FTP, HTTP, HTTPS, DNS, IMAP, POP3 and SMTP.
Note: Some applications (such as some Internet messengers and peer-to-peer
client applications) tend to use these ports if they cannot connect with their
own default ports. When applying this behavior, these applications will not be
blocked outbound, even at the Maximum Security level.
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6.3 Access Control
To configure the FiOS Router’s firewall security settings:
1. From the General screen, select a security level by clicking the appropriate
radio button. Using the Minimum Security setting may expose the local
network to significant security risks, and thus should only be used for short
periods of time.
2. Check the “Block IP Fragments” box to protect the local network from
a common type of hacker attack that uses fragmented data packets to
sabotage the network. Note that VPN over IPSec and some UDP-based
services make legitimate use of IP fragments. IP fragments must be allowed
to pass into the local network to use these services.
3. Click Apply to save changes.
6.3 Access Control
Access control is used to block specific computers within the local network (or
even the whole network) from accessing certain services on the Internet. For
example, one computer can be prohibited from surfing the Internet, another
computer from transferring files using FTP, and the whole network from
receiving incoming email.
Access control defines restrictions on the types of requests that can pass from
the local network out to the Internet, and thus may block traffic flowing in both
directions. In the email example given above, computers in the local network
can be prevented from receiving email by blocking their outgoing requests to
POP3 servers on the Internet.
Access control also incorporates a list of preset services in the form of
applications and common port settings.
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6.3a Allow or Restrict Services
To view and allow/restrict these services:
1. Select Access Control from the left side of any Security screen. The “Access
Control” screen appears.
Note: The “Allowed” section is only visible when the firewall is set to “Maximum.”
2. Click Add. The “Add Access Control Rule” screen appears.
Note: To block a service, click Add in the “Blocked” section of the Access Control
screen. To allow outgoing traffic, click Add in the “Allowed” section of the screen.
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6.3 Access Control
3. If this access control rule applies to all networked devices, select Any from
the “Networked Computer/Device” list box. If this rule applies to certain
devices only, select User Defined and click Add. Then, create and add a
network object (for more details about adding network objects, see the
“Advanced Settings” chapter of this manual).
4. Select the Internet protocol to be allowed or blocked from the “Protocol”
drop-down list.
5. If the rule will be active all the time, select Always from the “When should
this rule occur?” drop-down list. If the rule will only be active at certain times,
select User Defined and click Add. Then, add a schedule rule (for more
details about schedule rules, see the “Advanced Settings” chapter of
this manual).
6. Click Apply to save the changes. The Access Control screen will display a
summary of the new access control rule.
Note: To block a service not included in the list, select User Defined from the
Protocol drop-down menu. The “Edit Service” screen appears. Define the service,
then click OK. The service will then be automatically added to the top section of
the “Add Access Control Rule” screen, and will be selectable.
An access control can be disabled and the service made available without
having to remove the service from the Access Control table. This may be
useful to make the service available temporarily, with the expectation that the
restriction will be reinstated later.
t
 To temporarily disable an access control, clear the check box next to the
service name.
t
 To reinstate the restriction at a later time, select the check box next to the
service name.
t
 To remove an access restriction from the Access Control table, click Remove
for the service. The service will be removed from the Access Control table.
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6.4 Port Forwarding
Activating “Port Forwarding” allows the network to be exposed to the Internet
in certain limited and controlled ways, enabling some applications to work from
the local network (game, voice, and chat applications, for example), as well
as allowing Internet access to servers in the local network. To set this up on a
networked device, locate the device in the My Network column, then click Port
Forwarding. The “Port Forwarding” screen appears.
To set up basic port forwarding:
1. Click the arrow next to “Specify IP” to display a menu and either enter the IP
address of the item to port forward from, or choose an item from the dropdown menu.
2. Click the arrow next to “Protocol” and select a pre-configured application
from the drop-down menu.
3. Select an option from the “Destination Ports” drop-down list. If a single port
or range of ports is selected, enter the port numbers in the text boxes
that appear.
4. Click Add. The new port forwarding rule appears in the “Applied rules” table
at the bottom of the screen.
To set up advanced port forwarding:
1. Click the arrow next to “Specify IP” to display a menu and either enter the IP
address of the item to port forward from, or choose an item from the dropdown menu.
2. Click the arrow next to “Protocol” and select a pre-configured application
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6.4 Port Forwarding
from the drop-down menu.
3. Select an option from the “Destination Ports” drop-down list. If a single port
or range of ports is selected, enter the port numbers in the text boxes
that appear.
4. Click Advanced. The advanced port forwarding options appear.
5. Select the connection with which this port forwarding rule will be active
from the “WAN Connection Type” drop-down list.
6. To select a port to forward communications to (this is optional), select an
option from the “Forward to” drop-down list. If a single port or range of ports
is selected, enter the port numbers in the text boxes that appear.
7. If this port will be active all the time, select “Always” from the “Schedule”
drop-down list. If the rule will only be active at certain times, select “User
Defined” and click Add. Then, add a schedule rule (for more details about
schedule rules, see the “Advanced Settings” chapter of this manual).
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8. Click Apply to save the changes. The new port forwarding rule appears in
the “Applied rules” table at the bottom of the screen.
Note: Some applications, such as FTP, TFTP, PPTP, and H323, require the support
of special specific Application Level Gateway (ALG) modules to work inside the
local network. Data packets associated with the aforementioned applications
contain information that allows them to be routed correctly. An ALG is needed
to handle these packets and ensure they reach their intended destinations. The
FiOS Router is equipped with a robust list of ALG modules, enabling maximum
functionality in the local network. The ALG is automatically assigned based on
the destination port.
6.5 DMZ Host
The DMZ (De-Militarized Zone) host feature allows one device on the network to
operate outside the firewall. Designate a DMZ host:
t
 To use an Internet service, such as an online game or video-conferencing
program, not present in the Port Forwarding list and for which no port range
information is available.
t
 To expose one computer to all services without restriction or security.
Warning: A DMZ host is not protected by the firewall and may be vulnerable
to attack. Designating a DMZ host may also put other computers in the
local network at risk. When designating a DMZ host, consider the security
implications and protect it if necessary.
To designate a local computer as a DMZ host:
1. Select DMZ Host from the left side of any Security screen. The “DMZ Host”
screen appears.
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6.6 Port Triggering
2. Click in the “DMZ Host IP Address” check box, then enter the IP address of
the computer to be designated as a DMZ host. Note that only one network
computer can be a DMZ host at any time.
3. Click Apply.
Click in the “DMZ Host IP Address” check box again to disable the DMZ host.
6.6 Port Triggering
Port triggering can be described as dynamic port forwarding. By setting port
triggering rules, inbound traffic will be allowed to arrive at a specific network
host using ports different than those used for outbound traffic. When using port
triggering, the outbound traffic triggers the ports at which inbound traffic
is directed.
For example, a gaming server is accessed using UDP protocol on port 2222. The
gaming server then responds by connecting the user using UDP on port 3333
when a gaming session is initiated. In this case, port triggering must be used,
since it conflicts with the following default firewall settings:
t
 The firewall blocks inbound traffic by default.
t
 The server replies to the FiOS Router’s IP, and the connection is not sent back
to the host, since it is not part of a session.
To resolve the conflict, a port triggering entry must be defined, which allows
inbound traffic on UDP port 3333 only after a network host generated traffic to
UDP port 2222. This results in the FiOS Router accepting the inbound traffic from
the gaming server, and sending it back to the network host which originated
the outgoing traffic to UDP port 2222.
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To configure port triggering:
1. Select Port Triggering from the left side of any Security screen. The “Port
Triggering” screen appears.
2. Select either “User Defined” or “Show All Services” from the drop-down list
next to “Add.”
3. If Show All Services is selected in step 2, select a Service from the list. The
service is added to the Port Triggering screen as an active protocol.
4. If User Defined is selected in step 2, the “Edit Port Triggering Rule” screen
appears. Enter a service name in the appropriate text box, then configure its
inbound and outbound trigger ports by clicking the appropriate links.
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6.7 Remote Administration
6.7 Remote Administration
The FiOS Router can be accessed and controlled not only from within the local
network, but also from the Internet using remote administration.
To access, select Remote Administration from the left side of any Security
screen. The “Remote Administration” screen appears.
Warning: Enabling Remote Administration puts the FiOS Router’s network at
risk from outside attacks.
6.7a Telnet
Telnet is used to create a command-line session and gain access to all system
settings and parameters using a text-based terminal. Select the Telnet port to be
used by clicking in the appropriate check box, then click Apply.
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6.7b Web Management
Web Management is used to obtain access to the FiOS Router’s GUI and gain
access to all settings and parameters, using a web browser. Both secure (HTTPS)
and non-secure (HTTP) access is available. Select the port to be used by clicking
in the appropriate text box, then click Apply.
Note: Telnet and Web Management remote administration access may be used
to modify or disable firewall settings. Local IP addresses and other settings can
also be changed, making it difficult or impossible to access the FiOS Router from
the local network. Therefore, remote administration access to Telnet or Web
Management services should be activated only when absolutely necessary.
6.7c Diagnostic Tools
Diagnostic Tools are used for troubleshooting and remote system management
by a user or the ISP.
Note: Encrypted remote administration is performed using a secure SSL
connection, and requires an SSL certificate. When accessing the FiOS Router
for the first time using encrypted remote administration, a warning appears
regarding certificate authentication because the FiOS Router’s SSL certificate is
self-generated. When encountering this message under these circumstances,
ignore it and continue. Even though this message appears, the self-generated
certificate is safe and provides a secure SSL connection.
6.8 Static NAT
Static NAT allows devices behind a firewall and configured with private IP
addresses appear to have public IP addresses on the Internet. This allows an
internal host, such as a web server, to have an unregistered (private) IP address
and still be accessible over the Internet. To configure static NAT:
1. Select Static NAT from any Security screen. The “Static NAT” screen appears.
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6.8 Static NAT
2. Click Add. The “Add NAT/NAPT Rule” screen appears.
3. Select a source address from the “Specify Address” drop-down list in the
“Local Host” row, or enter a IP address in the text box to the right.
4. Enter the public IP address in the “Public IP Address” text boxes.
5. Select the WAN connection type from the “WAN Connection Type” dropdown list.
6. If using port forwarding, activate the “Enable Port Forwarding…” check box,
then select a protocol from the “Protocol” drop-down menu.
Repeat these steps to add more static IP addresses from the network.
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6.9 Advanced Filtering
Advanced filtering is designed to allow comprehensive control over the firewall’s
behavior. Specific input and output rules can be defined, the order of logically
similar sets of rules controlled, and distinctions made between rules that apply
to the Internet and rules that apply to local network devices.
To access, select Advanced Filtering from any Security screen. The “Advanced
Filtering” screen appears.
Two sets of rules can be configured: input rules and output rules. Following is a
description of the set ordering for inbound and outbound packets.
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6.9 Advanced Filtering
6.9a Inbound/Outbound Packets - Rule Sets
There are numerous rules automatically inserted by the firewall to provide
improved security and block harmful attacks. The pre-populated rules displayed
are required for operation on the Verizon network.
To configure advanced filtering rules, click Add next to the rule title. The “Add
Advanced Filter” screen appears.
To add an advanced filtering rule, define the following rule parameters:
6.9c Matching
To apply a firewall rule, a match must be made between IP addresses or ranges
and ports. Use the “Source Address” and “Destination Address” drop-down lists
to define the coupling of source and destination traffic. Port matching will be
defined when selecting protocols. For example, if the FTP protocol is selected,
port 21 will be checked for matching traffic flow between the defined source
and destination IPs.
6.9d Operation
This is where the action the rule will take is defined. Select one of the following
radio buttons:
t
 Drop - Deny access to packets that match the source and destination IP
addresses and VCP reset to the origination peer.
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t
 Accept - Allow access to packets that match the source and destination IP
addresses and protocol ports defined in upper section of the screen. The data
transfer session will be handled using Stateful Packet Inspection (SPI).
t
 Accept Packet - Allow access to packets that match the source and
destination IP addresses and protocol ports defined in upper section of
the screen. The data transfer session will not be handled using Stateful
Packet Inspection (SPI), so other packets that match this rule will not be
automatically allowed access. This setting is useful when creating rules that
allow broadcasting.
6.9e Logging
Click in this check box to add entries relating to this rule to the security log.
6.9f Scheduler (When should this rule occur?)
If advanced filtering needs to be active constantly, select Always from the
“When should this rule occur?” drop-down list. If the rule will only be active at
certain times, select User Defined and click Add. Then, add a schedule rule (for
more details about schedule rules, see the “Advanced Settings” chapter of
this manual)
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6.10 Security Log
6.10 Security Log
The security log displays a list of firewall-related events, including attempts
to establish inbound and outbound connections, attempts to authenticate at
an administrative interface (the FiOS Router’s GUI or Telnet terminal), firewall
configuration, and system start-up.
To access the security log, select Security Log from any Security screen. The
“Security Log” screen appears.
6.10a Time
The time (based on the FiOS Router’s date and time settings) the event occurred.
6.10b Event
There are three kinds of events listed in the system log: Firewall Info, Firewall
Setup, and System Log.
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6.10c Event-Type
The “Details” column displays more information about the packet or the event,
such as protocol, IP addresses, ports, etc. The following are the available event
types that can be recorded in the security log:
t
 802.1Q - a 802.1Q (VLAN) packet has been accepted.
t
 Access control - a packet has been accepted/blocked because of an access
control rule.
t
 Advanced Filter Rule - a packet has been accepted/blocked because of an
advanced filter rule.
t
 ARP - an ARP packet has been accepted.
t
 AUTH:113 request - an outbound packet for AUTH protocol has been
accepted (for maximum security level).
t
 Broadcast/Multicast protection - a packet with a broadcast/multicast
source IP has been blocked.
t
 Connection closed - debug message regarding connection.
t
 Connection opened - debug message regarding connection.
t
 Default policy - a packet has been accepted/blocked according to the
default policy.
t
 Defragmentation failed - the fragment has been stored in memory and
blocked until all fragments have arrived and defragmentation can be
performed.
t
 DHCP relay agent - a DHCP relay packet has been received (depends on
the distribution)
t
 DHCP request - the FiOS Router sent a DHCP request (depends on
the distribution)
t
 DHCP response - the FiOS Router received a DHCP response (depends on
the distribution)
t
 DMZ network packet - a packet from a demilitarized zone network has
been blocked.
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Configuring Security Settings
6.10 Security Log
t
 Echo/Chargen/Quote/Snork protection - a packet has been blocked due to
Echo/Chargen/Quote/Snork protection.
t
 Error: No memory - a new connection has not been established because of
lack of memory.
t
 Firewall internal - from the firewall internal mechanism, in case this eventtype is recorded, an accompanying explanation will be added.
t
 Firewall rules were changed - the firewall rule set has been modified.
t
 Firewall status changed - the firewall changed status from up to down or
the vice versa, as specified in the event type description.
t
 First packet in connection is not a SYN packet - a packet has been blocked
due to a TCP connection that started without a SYN packet.
t
 Fragmented packet - a fragment has been rejected.
t
 Fragmented packet, bad align - a packet has been blocked because, after
defragmentation, the packet was badly aligned.
t
 Fragmented packet, header too big - a packet has been blocked because,
after defragmentation, the header was too big.
t
 Fragmented packet, header too small - a packet has been blocked
because, after defragmentation, the header was too small.
t
 Fragmented packet, no memory - a fragmented packet has been blocked
because there is no memory for fragments.
t
 Fragmented packet, overlapped - a packet has been blocked because, after
defragmentation, there were overlapping fragments.
t
 Fragmented packet, packet exceeds - a packet has been blocked because,
after defragmentation, the packet exceeded.
t
 Fragmented packet, packet too big - a packet has been blocked because,
after defragmentation, the packet was too big.
t
 FTP port request to 3rd party is forbidden (Possible bounce attack) a packet has been blocked.
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t
 ICMP Flood Protection - a packet has been blocked, stopping an
ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) flood.
t
 ICMP protection - a broadcast ICMP message has been blocked.
t
 ICMP redirect protection - an ICMP redirected message has been blocked.
t
 ICMP replay - an ICMP replay message has been blocked.
t
 IGMP packet - an IGMP packet has been accepted.
t
 Illegal packet options - the options field in the packet’s header is either
illegal or forbidden.
t
 IP Version 6 - an IPv6 packet has been accepted.
t
 IPV6 over IPV4 - an IPv6 over IPv4 packet has been accepted.
t
 Malformed packet: Failed parsing - a packet has been blocked because it
is malformed.
t
 Maximum security enabled service - a packet has been accepted because
it belongs to a permitted service in the maximum security level.
t
 Multicast IGMP connection - a multicast packet has been accepted.
t
 NAT Error: Connection pool is full. No connection created - a connection
has not been created because the connection pool is full.
t
 NAT Error: Conflict Mapping already exists - a conflict occurred because
the NAT mapping already exists, so NAT failed.
t
 NAT Error: No free NAT IP - no free NAT IP, so NAT has failed.
t
 NAT out failed - NAT failed for this packet.
t
 Outbound Auth1X - an outbound Auth1X packet has been accepted.
t
 Packet invalid in connection - an invalid connection packet has been
blocked.
t
 Parental control - a packet has been blocked because of parental control.
t
 Passive attack on ftp-server: Client attempted to open Server ports - a
packet has been blocked.
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Configuring Security Settings
6.10 Security Log
t
 PPP Discover - a PPP discover packet has been accepted.
t
 PPP Session - a PPP session packet has been accepted.
t
 PPTP connection - a packet inquiring whether the FiOS Router is ready to
receive a PPTP connection has been accepted.
t
 Remote administration - a packet designated for the FiOS Router
management has been accepted/blocked.
t
 Router initiated traffic - all traffic the FiOS Router initiates is recorded.
t
 Service - a packet has been accepted because of a certain service, as
specified in the event type.
t
 Spoofing protection - a packet from the Internet with a source IP belonging
the local network has been blocked.
t
 STP packet - an STP (Spanning Tree Protocol) packet has been
accepted/rejected.
t
 SynCookies Protection - a SynCookies packet has been blocked.
t
 Trusted device - a packet from a trusted device has been accepted.
t
 UDP Flood Protection - a packet has been blocked, stopping a UDP flood.
t
 User authentication - a message arrived during login time, including both
successful and failed authentication.
t
 Wildcard connection hooked - debug message regarding connection.
t
 Wildcard connection opened - debug message regarding connection.
t
 WinNuke protection - a WinNuke attack has been blocked.
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6.10d Details
Displays a textual description of the event.
6.10e Log Settings
The “Log Settings” screen allows the user to modify the types of events that
appear in the FiOS Router’s Security Log. Note that these settings correspond to
event logging, not to the events themselves (i.e., disabling an event log removes
the event from the Security Log; the event itself will continue to occur).
To view or change the security log settings:
1. Click Settings in the Security Log screen. The “Security Log Settings”
screen appears.
2. Select the type of activities that will generate a log message:
t
 Accepted Incoming Connections - activating this check box generates a log
message for each successful attempt to establish an inbound connection to
the local network.
t
 Accepted Outgoing Connections - activating this check box generates a
log message for each successful attempt to establish an outgoing connection
to the public network.
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Configuring Security Settings
6.10 Security Log
3. Select the type of blocked events to be listed in the log:
t
 All Blocked Connection Attempts - activating this check box generates log
messages for all blocked events.
t
 Other Blocked Events - if “All Blocked Connection Attempts” is un-checked,
select specific blocked events from this list to generate log messages.
4. Click in the “Remote Administration Attempts” check box to write a log
message for each remote-administration connection attempt, whether
successful or not.
5. Click in the “Connection States” check box to track connection handling by
the firewall and Application Level Gateways (ALGs).
6. Click Apply to save changes.
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7
7.0
7.1
7.2
Introduction
Activating Parental Controls
Rule Summary
Using
Parental
Controls
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The abundance of harmful information on
the Internet poses a serious challenge for
employers and parents alike: “How can I
regulate what my employee or child does
on the Internet?” With that question in
mind, the FiOS Router’s Parental Controls
were designed to allow control of Internet
access on all locally networked devices.
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7.1 Activating Parental Controls
To create a basic access policy for a computer on the FiOS Router’s network, click
Parental Control from the top of the Home screen and follow these instructions:
1. The “Parental Control” screen appears. From the “Networked Computer/
Device” list box, select a computer/device, then click Add. The computer/
device appears in the “Selected Devices” list box.
2. In the “Limit Access by” section, select one of the following options:
t
 Block the following Websites and Embedded Keywords within a Website
- blocks all websites or keywords (see step 3) from being accessed on the
computers/devices selected in step 1.
t
 Allow the following Websites and Embedded Keywords within a
Website - allows access only to the websites or keywords (see step 3) on the
computers/devices selected in step 1.
t
 Blocking ALL Internet Access - blocks all Internet access on the computers/
devices selected in step 1.
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Using Parental Controls
7.1 Activating Parental Controls
3. Enter the URL address of a website and, if applicable, the embedded
keyword within the website. Click Add. The websites and/or keywords
selected will appear in the textbox to the right. If you make a mistake, or
wish to delete a previously entered website/keyword, select it, then
click Remove.
4. If needed, you can create a schedule for when you want the rule to be active,
or inactive. In the “Create Schedule” section, select the affected days.
5. Select whether the rule will be active or inactive during the schedule you
created by clicking the radio button next to the appropriate option.
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6. If you want more precise control over the schedule, set up an hourly
schedule by entering the start and end times in the appropriate text boxes.
Make sure to specify AM or PM.
Note: The hourly schedule only affects the days selected in step 4. For example,
if you select Saturday and Sunday, a start time of 10 a.m., and an end time of 3
p.m., the scheduled time will be Saturday/Sunday, 10 a.m. to 3 p.m.
7. In the “Create Rule Name” section, enter a rule name and description in the
appropriate text boxes.
8. Click Apply to save and apply the new rule.
7.2 Rule Summary
Clicking Rule Summary from the menu on the left side generates the “Rule
Summary” screen.
The Rule Summary screen displays a list of all rules created for the FiOS Router.
Additionally, the rule can be viewed by clicking the magnifying glass in the
“View Rule” column, or edited by clicking on the icon in the “Edit Rule” column.
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8
8.0
8.1
8.2
8.3
8.4
8.5
8.6
8.7
8.8
Introduction
Using Advanced Settings
Utilities
DNS Settings
Network Settings
Configuration Settings
Time Settings
Firmware Upgrade
Routing Settings
Configuring
Advanced
Settings
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The FiOS Router’s Advanced Settings
cover a wide range of sophisticated
configurations available for the Router’s
firmware and network. Changes to any of
the Advanced Settings could adversely
affect the operation of the FiOS Router and
the local network, and should be made
with caution by experienced network
technicians only.
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Configuring Advanced Settings
8.1 Using Advanced Settings
8.1 Using Advanced Settings
To access the FiOS Router’s Advanced Settings, click Advanced at the top of
the Home screen. Click Yes in the Warning screen, and the “Advanced”
screen appears.
The following settings are explained in this chapter:
t
 Diagnostics - perform diagnostic tests on the FiOS Router
t
 Restore Defaults - reset the FiOS Router to its default settings
t
 Reboot Router - restart the FiOS Router
t
 MAC Cloning - clone MAC addresses
t
 ARP Table - display active devices and their IP and MAC addresses, etc.
t
 Users - create and manage remote users
t
 Quality of Service (QoS) - explained in Appendix A of this manual
t
 Local Administration - allows the user to grant local Telnet access
t
 Remote Administration - explained in chapter 4 of this manual
t
 Dynamic DNS - configure Dynamic DNS settings
t
 DNS Server - manage the local (LAN) network for host name and IP address
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t
 DLNA - Need more info
t
 Universal Plug and Play - configure Universal Plug and Play settings
t
 SIP ALG - manage SIP ALG settings
t
 H323 ALG - manage H323 ALG settings
t
 IGMP Proxy - manage IGMP Proxy settings
t
 Port Forwarding Rules - manage and create open ports for various Internet
protocols or customize an application
t
 Configuration File - manage configuration files
t
 System Settings - modify the FiOS Router’s system settings
t
 Port Configuration - configure the FiOS Router’s ports
t
 Date and Time - configure the FiOS Router’s clock and calendar
t
 Scheduler Rules - schedule firewall activation
t
 Firmware Upgrade - download and install new versions of the FiOS
Router’s firmware
t
 Routing - manage routing policies
t
 IP Address Distribution - manage the IP addresses of devices on
the network
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Configuring Advanced Settings
8.2 Utilities
8.2 Utilities
The first collection of Advanced Settings (beneath the Toolbox icon) are the
Utilities settings.
8.2a Diagnostics
The Diagnostics screen can assist in testing network connectivity. This feature
pings (ICMP echo) an IP address and displays the results, such as the number
of packets transmitted and received, round trip time, and success status. To
diagnose network connectivity:
1. Click Diagnostics from the Advanced screen. The “Diagnostics”
screen appears.
2. Enter the IP address or domain name to be tested in the “Destination” field.
3. Click Go.
4. In a few seconds, diagnostics statistics will be displayed. If no new
information is displayed, click Refresh.
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8.2b Restore Defaults
If the FiOS Router’s factory default settings need to be restored (to build a new
network from the beginning, for example), use the following procedure:
1. Click Restore Defaults in the Advanced screen. The “Attention”
screen appears.
2. If needed, click Save Configuration File to save the FiOS Router’s current
configuration to a file. The FiOS Router’s current settings can then be
reapplied after restoring default settings (see “Configuration File” in this
chapter for more information).
3. Click Restore Defaults. The FiOS Router will restart, and factory default
settings will be applied
Note: All of the FiOS Router’s settings and parameters will be restored to their
default values after performing the Restore Default procedure. This includes the
administrator password; a user-specified password will no longer be valid.
8.2c Reboot the FiOS Router
To reboot the FiOS Router:
1. Click Restart in the Advanced screen. The “Reboot Router” screen appears.
2. Click OK to restart the FiOS Router. This may take up to one minute.
To reenter the FiOS Router’s GUI after restarting the FiOS Router, click the web
browser’s “Refresh” button.
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Configuring Advanced Settings
8.2 Utilities
8.2d MAC Cloning
A MAC (Media Access Control) address is a hexadecimal code that identifies a
device on a network. All networkable devices have a unique MAC address. When
replacing another network device with the FiOS Router, the installation process
can be simplified by copying the MAC address of the existing computer to the
FiOS Router. To do this:
1. Click MAC Cloning in the Advanced screen. The “MAC Cloning”
screen appears.
2. Enter the MAC address to be cloned in the “To Physical Address” text boxes.
3. Click Clone My MAC Address to capture the MAC address of the computer
currently accessing the FiOS Router’s GUI. The FiOS Router will now have the
new MAC address.
8.2e ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) Table
Clicking ARP Table in the Advanced screen generates the “ARP Table” screen.
This screen displays the IP and MAC addresses of each DHCP connection.
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8.2f Users
To manage individual users:
1. Click Users in the Advanced screen, which generates the “Users” screen.
2. Click New User, which generates the “User Settings” screen.
3. Specify the following parameters in the “General” section of the screen:
t
 Full Name - The user’s full name.
t
 User Name - The name a remote user will use to access the home or office
network. This entry is case-sensitive.
t
 New Password/Retype New Password - The password for the user (enter
again to confirm).
t
 Permissions - The level of access the user is allowed. Options include
Administrator or Limited.
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Configuring Advanced Settings
8.2 Utilities
4. E-mail Notification - Email notification can be used to receive indications
of system events for a predefined severity classification. The available types
of events are “System” or “Security” events. The available severity of events
are Error, Warning, and Information. To configure email notification for a
specific user:
5. Make sure an outgoing mail server has been configured in “System Settings”.
If not, click Click Here to Configure Notification Mail Server to configure
the outgoing mail server.
6. Enter the user’s email address in the “Notification Address” text box.
7. Select the “System” and “Security” notification levels in the “System Notify
Level” and “Security Notify Level” drop-down lists.
Note: Changing any of the user parameters will prompt the connection
associated with the user to terminate. For changes to take effect, activate the
connection manually after modifying
user parameters.
8.2g Quality of Service
The FiOS Router’s QoS (Quality of Service) capabilities are covered in detail in
appendix A of this manual.
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FiOS Router User Manual
8.2h Local Administration
Clicking Local Administration in the Advanced screen generates the “Local
Administration” screen. This screen allows the user to grant local Telnet access
using a particular Telnet port.
To use, select a Telnet port by clicking in the appropriate check box, then
click Apply.
8.2i Remote Administration
The FiOS Router’s Remote Administration capabilities are covered in detail in the
chapter 6 of this manual.
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Configuring Advanced Settings
8.3 DNS Settings
8.3 DNS Settings
The second section of the Advanced window is the DNS (Domain Name System)
settings section, which includes “Dynamic DNS” and “DNS Server.”
8.3a Dynamic DNS
Dynamic DNS creates a dynamic IP address that is aliased to a static hostname,
allowing a computer on the network to be more easily accessible from the
Internet. Typically, when connecting to the Internet, the service provider assigns
an unused IP address from a pool of IP addresses, and this address is used only
for the duration of a specific connection. Dynamically assigning addresses
extends the usable pool of available IP addresses, while maintaining a constant
domain name. This allows the user to access a device (a camera, for example)
from a remote location, since the device will always have the same IP address.
When using Dynamic DNS, each time the IP address provided by the ISP
changes, the DNS database changes accordingly to reflect the change. In this
way, even though the IP address of the computer changes often, its domain
name remains constant and accessible.
Setting up Dynamic DNS
To set up Dynamic DNS on the FiOS Router, click Dynamic DNS in the Advanced
screen. When the “Dynamic DNS” screen appears, click New Dynamic
DNS Entry.
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FiOS Router User Manual
Another Dynamic DNS screen appears.
Configure the following parameters:
Host Name
Enter the full Dynamic DNS domain in this text box.
Connection
Select the connection with which to couple the Dynamic DNS service. Options
include Broadband Connection (Ethernet), Broadband Connection (Coax),
and WAN PPPoE.
Provider
Select the FiOS Router’s Dynamic DNS account provider from the drop-down list.
User Name
Enter the Dynamic DNS user name in this text box.
Password
Enter the Dynamic DNS password in this text box.
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Configuring Advanced Settings
8.3 DNS Settings
8.3b DNS Server
The Domain Name System (DNS) translates domain names into IP addresses,
and vice versa. The FiOS Router’s DNS server is an auto-learning DNS, which
means that when a new computer is connected to the network, the DNS server
learns its name and automatically adds it to the DNS table. Other network users
can immediately communicate with this computer using either its name or its
IP address.
The FiOS Router’s DNS also provides the following services:
t
 shares a common database of domain names and IP addresses with the
DHCP server;
t
 supports multiple subnets within the local network simultaneously;
t
 automatically appends a domain name to unqualified names;
t
 allows new domain names to be added to the database using the FiOS
Router’s GUI;
t
 permits a computer to have multiple host names;
t
 and permits a host name to have multiple IPs (needed if a host has multiple
network cards).
The DNS server does not require configuration. However, the list of computers
known by the DNS can be viewed or a new computer can be added to the list.
DNS Table
To view the list of computers stored in the DNS table, click DNS Server in the
Advanced screen. The “DNS Server” screen appears.
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FiOS Router User Manual
To add a new entry to the list:
1. Click Add DNS Entry in the DNS Server screen. The “DNS Entry”
screen appears.
2. Enter the computer’s host name in the “Host Name” text box.
3. Enter the computer’s IP address in the “IP Address” text boxes.
4. Click Apply to save the changes.
8.4 Network Settings
The Network Settings section of the Advanced screen includes settings that
affect the FiOS Router’s network.
8.4b Universal Plug and Play (UPnP)
To access the UPnP settings, perform the following:
1. Click Universal Plug and Play in the Advanced screen. The “Universal Plug
and Play” settings screen appears.
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Configuring Advanced Settings
8.4 Network Settings
2. Click in the “Allow Other Network Users to Control Wireless Broadband
FiOS Router’s Network Features” check box to enable UPnP and allow UPnP
services to be defined on any of the network hosts.
3. Click in the “Enable Automatic Cleanup of Old Unused UPnP Services” check
box to enable automatic cleanup of invalid rules. When enabled, this feature
checks validity of all the UPnP services and rules every five minutes. Any
old and unused UPnP defined service is removed, unless a user defined rule
depends on it. Since there is a maximum limitation on the number of UPnP
defined services (256), enable the cleanup feature if the limit is in danger of
being exceeded.
UPnP services are not deleted when disconnecting a computer without proper
shutdown of the UPnP application (e.g., messenger). Thus, services may often
not be deleted,. This will eventually lead to exhaustion of rules and services, and
no new services can be defined. In this scenario, the cleanup feature will find the
invalid services and remove them, preventing services exhaustion.
8.4c DLNA
This screen allows the user to enable/disable DLNA multimedia services. It is
disabled by default. Do not enable this option unless instructed to do so by
the ISP.
8.4c SIP ALG
This screen allows the user to enable/disable SIP ALG. It is disabled by default.
Do not enable this option unless instructed to do so by the ISP.
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8.4d H323 ALG
This screen allows the user to enable/disable H323 ALG. It is disabled by default.
Do not enable this option unless instructed to do so by the ISP.
8.4e IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol) Proxy
This screen allows the user to configure various IGMP proxy settings. For more
information about the FiOS Router’s IGMP multicast capabilities, see “IGMP
Multicasting” in section 8.8 (“Routing Settings”) of this manual.
IGMP Proxy (Enable/Disable)
Activate or deactivate IGMP Proxy by clicking on the down arrow and selecting
Enabled or Disabled.
IGMP Version
Select the IGMP Proxy version by clicking on the down arrow and selecting
IGMPv1, IGMPv2, or IGMPv3.
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Configuring Advanced Settings
8.4 Network Settings
Fast Leave
Activate or deactivate Fast Leave by clicking on the down arrow and selecting
Enabled or Disabled.
Robustness
Robustness refers to the level of susceptibility the subnet is to lost packets.
Select the level of robustness by entering a number greater than or equal to 1.
Query Interval
The Query Interval is the amount of time between IGMP general query settings
sent by the FiOS Router. The entered time period (in seconds) must be greater
than or equal to 1.
Query Response Interval
The Query Response Interval is the maximum amount of time the FiOS Router
waits to receive a response to a general query message. The entered time period
(in seconds) must be greater than or equal to 1.
Last Member Query Interval
Need info.
Maximum Multicast Groups
Need info.
Maximum Multicast Data Sources
Need info.
Maximum Multicast Group Members
Need info.
Lan to Lan Multicast Enable
Need info.
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Interface Multicast Filtering
Clicking Interface Multicast Filtering from the menu on the left side of any
IGMP Proxy screen generates the Interface Multicast Filtering screen. Set the
Interface Multicast Filtering options for each listed interface (Ethernet, Coax, and
Wireless Access Point). When finished, click Apply.
Host Multicast Filtering
Clicking Host Multicast Filtering from the menu on the left side of any
IGMP Proxy screen generates the Host Multicast Filtering screen. Set the Host
Multicast Filtering options here. Clicking on the Action icon generates another
screen in which the host entry options can be entered. When finished,
click Apply.
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Configuring Advanced Settings
8.4 Network Settings
ACL Multicast Filtering
Clicking ACL Multicast Filtering from the menu on the left side of any IGMP
Proxy screen generates the ACL Multicast Filtering screen. Set the ACL Multicast
Filtering options in this screen, including activating whitelists and/or blacklists.
Clicking Add generates a new screen in which additional addresses can be
added to the list(s). When finished, click Apply.
Service Multicast Filtering
Clicking Service Multicast Filtering from the menu on the left side of any IGMP
Proxy screen generates the Service Multicast Filtering screen. When finished,
click Apply.
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Clicking Add generates the Multicast Service screen, in which additional services
can be added, maximum STBs and non-STBs can be set, and new multicast
addresses can be created (by clicking Add). When finished, click Apply.
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Configuring Advanced Settings
8.4 Network Settings
8.5e Port Forwarding Rules
Port forwarding rules include a list of preset and user-defined applications and
common port settings. These rules can be used in various security features, such
as Access Control and Port Forwarding. New rules can be added to support new
applications or existing ones can be edited when needed. Additionally, clicking
Advanced on the bottom of the “Port Forwarding Rules” screen reveals a list
of preconfigured protocols that can be activated with a single click. To define a
port forwarding rule:
1. Click Port Forwarding Rules in the Advanced screen. The “Port Forwarding
Rules” screen appears.
2. In the “Create New Service Port” section of the screen, select a protocol
from the “Protocol” drop-down list. If no protocol is necessary, click in the
“Exclude Protocol” check box
3. Select a service port from the “Service Port” drop-down list.
4. Select a destination port from the “Destination Port” drop-down list.
5. Click Apply to save the changes.
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8.5 Configuration Settings
This section includes settings that affect the FiOS Router’s configuration.
8.5a Configuration File
Use the FiOS Router’s Configuration File feature to view, save, and load
configuration files, which are used to backup and restore the FiOS Router’s
current configuration. To do this:
1. Click Configuration File in the Advanced screen. The “Configuration File”
screen appears.
2. Click Load Configuration File to load the previous configuration from a file
and restart the FiOS Router. Only configuration files saved on a particular
FiOS Router can be applied to the FiOS Router; configuration files cannot be
transferred between FiOS Routers.
3. Click Save Configuration File to backup the current configuration to a file.
WARNING! Manually editing a configuration file can cause the FiOS Router to
malfunction or become completely inoperable.
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Configuring Advanced Settings
8.5 Configuration Settings
8.5b System Settings
Clicking System Settings in the Advanced screen generates the “System
Settings” screen, where various system and management parameters can
be configured.
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System
Use the “System” section of this screen to configure the following two options:
Wireless Broadband Router’s Hostname - Specify the FiOS Router’s host name
by entering it into the this text box. The host name is also the FiOS Router’s URL
address, so it can be entered here, rather than entering 192.168.1.1.
Local Domain - Specify the network’s local domain by entering it into this
text box.
Wireless Broadband Router
Use this section to configure the following:
Automatic Refresh of System Monitoring Web Page - Click in this check box
to activate the automatic refresh of system monitoring web pages.
Prompt for Password When Accessing via LAN - Click in this check box to
cause the FiOS Router to ask for a password when trying to connect to
the network.
Warn User Before Network Configuration Changes - Click in this check box to
activate user warnings before network configuration changes take effect.
Session Lifetime - After the FiOS Router has been inactive for a period of time,
the user must reenter a user name and password to continue accessing the GUI.
To change the length of this time period, enter the amount of time (in seconds)
in the “Session Lifetime” text box.
Configure a number of concurrent users… - Used to limit the number of
users that can access the FiOS Router at the same time. Select the number of
users from the drop-down list.
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Configuring Advanced Settings
8.5 Configuration Settings
Management Application Ports
This section allows the following management application ports to have their
default port numbers to be changed:
t
 primary/secondary HTTP ports
t
 primary/secondary HTTPS ports
t
 primary/secondary Telnet ports
t
 secure Telnet over SSL ports
Management Application SSL Authentication Options
This section allows the user to access the FiOS Router’s GUI through a browser or
Telnet as a secure socket layer (SSL) session.
System Logging
Use this section to configure the following system log options.
Enable Logging - Click in this check box to activate system logging.
Low Capacity Notification Enabled - Click in this check box to activate low
capacity notification (works in tandem with “Allowed Capacity Before Email
Notification” and “System Log Buffer Size” options).
Allowed Capacity Before Email Notification - Enter the percentage of system
log buffer capacity reached to trigger an email notification.
System Log Buffer Size - Enter the size of the system log buffer in this text box.
Remote System Notify Level - This feature is used to specify the type of
information received for remote system logging. Options include None, Error,
Warning, and Information.
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Security Logging
Use this section to configure the following security log options.
Low Capacity Notification Enabled - Click in this check box to activate low
capacity notification (works in tandem with “Allowed Capacity Before Email
Notification” and “Security Log Buffer Size” options).
Allowed Capacity Before Email Notification - Enter the percentage of security
log buffer capacity reached to trigger an email notification.
Security Log Buffer Size - Enter the size of the security log buffer in this
text box.
Remote Security Notify Level - This feature is used to specify the type of
information received for security logging. Options include None, Error,
Warning, and Information.
Outgoing Mail Server
Use this section to configure the outgoing mail server options. This server is
used to format and send system and security log email notifications.
Server - Enter the host name of the outgoing (SMTP) server in this text box.
From Email Address - Email notifications require a “from” address. Enter a “from”
email address in this text box.
Port - Enter the port number of the email server in this text box.
Server Requires Authentication - If the email server requires authentication,
click in this check box, then enter a user name and password in the “User Name”
and “Password” text boxes that appear.
Auto WAN Detection
When activated, Auto WAN Detection causes the FiOS Router to automatically
search for a WAN connection.
Enable Logging - Clicking in this check box activates automatic WAN detection.
PPP Timeout - Enter the amount of time (in seconds) before the FiOS Router
stops attempting to establish a broadband PPP connection.
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Configuring Advanced Settings
8.5 Configuration Settings
DHCP Timeout - Enter the amount of time (in seconds) before the FiOS Router
stops attempting to establish a broadband DHCP connection.
Number of Cycles - Enter the number of times the FiOS Router attempts to
detect a broadband PPP and DHCP connection.
Auto Detection Continuous Trying - Click in this check box to cause the FiOS
Router to indefinitely search for a broadband connection.
8.5c Ethernet Port Configuration
Ethernet port configuration allows the user to set up the FiOS Router’s Ethernet
ports as either full- or half-duplex ports, at either 10 Mbps or 100 Mbps.
Selecting the “Auto” option causes the port to emulate the speed and duplex
configuration of the port with which it is communicating.
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8.6 Time Settings
The Time settings section of the Advanced window features utilities that involve
times, dates and schedules.
8.6a Date and Time
To configure date, time, and daylight saving settings, perform the following:
1. Click Date and Time in the Advanced screen. The “Date and Time”
screen appears.
2. Select the local time zone from the drop-down list. The FiOS Router can
automatically detect daylight saving setting for selected time zones. If the
daylight saving settings for a time zone are not automatically detected, the
following four fields will be displayed:
t
 Enabled - Select this check box to enable daylight saving time.
t
 Start - Date and time when daylight saving starts.
t
 End - Date and time when daylight saving ends.
t
 Offset - The amount of time daylight saving time changes.
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Configuring Advanced Settings
8.6 Time Settings
To perform an automatic time update:
1. Click in the “Enabled” check box in the “Automatic Time Update” section.
2. Select the protocol to be used to perform the time update by selecting
either the “Time of Day” or “Network Time Protocol” radio button.
3. Specify how often to perform the update in the “Update Every” text box.
4. Define time server addresses by clicking Add on the bottom of the
“Automatic Time Update” section and entering the IP address or domain
name of the time server in the “Time Server Settings” screen.
8.6c Clock Set
Click on this button at the bottom of the Date and Time screen (which generates
the figure, below) to set the FiOS Router’s time and date.
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8.6b Scheduler Rules
Scheduler rules are used for limiting the activation of firewall rules to specific
time periods, either for days of the week, or for hours of each day. To define
a rule:
1. Make sure the FiOS Router’s date and time are set correctly. To do this, see
the “Date and Time” section in this chapter.
2. Click Scheduler Rules in the Advanced screen. The “Scheduler Rules”
screen appears.
3. Enter a name for the rule in the “Rule Name” text box.
4. Select or active or inactive days of the week by clicking in the appropriate
text boxes.
5. Enter a start and end time in the appropriate text boxes.
6. Click Add Rule to add the schedule rule. The new schedule rule appears in
the list at the bottom of the screen
7. Click Apply.
Note: Make sure the FiOS Router’s date and time settings are properly
configured for the time zone.
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Configuring Advanced Settings
8.7 Firmware Upgrade
8.7 Firmware Upgrade
The FiOS Router offers a built-in mechanism for upgrading its firmware
without losing custom configurations and settings. There are two methods for
upgrading the firmware:
t
 Upgrading from the Internet - use this method to upgrade the FiOS
Router’s firmware by remotely downloading an updated software image file.
t
 Upgrading from a local computer - use a software image file predownloaded to the computer’s disk drive to upgrade.
8.7a Upgrading From the Internet
The FiOS Router’s firmware can be automatically updated via the Internet. From
the drop-down list next to the globe icon near the top of the Firmware Upgrade
screen, a list of options appears, as described below.
Automatically Check and Upgrade
If “Automatically Check for New Version and Upgrade Wireless Broadband
Router” is selected, enter the period of time the FiOS Router checks for a new
upgrade, and the URL at which to get the upgrade, in the appropriate text
boxes. The FiOS Router will then check at each time interval for upgrades and, if
one is available, upgrade the FiOS Router’s firmware.
Automatically Check and Send E-mail
If “Automatically Check for New Version and Notify via Email” is selected, enter
the period of time the FiOS Router checks for a new upgrade, and the URL at
which to get the upgrade, in the appropriate text boxes. The FiOS Router will
then check at each time interval for firmware upgrades and, if one is available,
send an email to the address listed in the System Settings.
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Automatic Check Disabled
If “Automatically Check Disabled” is selected, the FiOS Router will not
automatically check for firmware upgrades.
Manual Checking and Upgrading
To manually upgrade the FiOS Router’s firmware:
1. Click Check Now in the Firmware Upgrade screen.
2. If a new version is available, click Force Upgrade. A download process will
begin. When downloading is completed, a confirmation screen appears,
asking whether to upgrade to the new version.
3. Click Apply. The upgrade process will begin and should take no longer than
one minute to complete.
At the conclusion of the upgrade process the FiOS Router automatically reboots.
The new firmware runs, maintaining any custom configurations and settings.
8.7b Upgrading From a Local Computer
To upgrade from a local computer:
1. Click Firmware Upgrade from the Advanced screen. The “Firmware
Upgrade” screen appears.
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Configuring Advanced Settings
8.7 Firmware Upgrade
2. In the “Upgrade From a Computer in the Network” section, click Upgrade
Now. The “Upgrade From a Computer in the Network” screen appears.
3. Enter the path of the software image file, or press the “Browse” button to
browse for the file, and click Apply. Make sure to only use files with an “rmt”
extension when performing the firmware upgrade procedure.
4. When loading is completed, a confirmation screen appears, asking whether
to upgrade to the new version. Click Apply. The upgrade process begins and
should take no longer than one minute to complete.
5. When the upgrade process ends, the FiOS Router automatically reboots. The
new firmware will run, maintaining any custom configurations and settings.
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8.8 Routing Settings
The final section of the Advanced screen is Routing settings, which includes
Routing and IP Address Distribution.
8.8a Routing
Access the routing table rules by clicking Routing in the Advanced screen. The
“Routing” screen appears.
Routing rules can be added, edited, or deleted from the Routing screen. To add
a router, click New Route. The “Route Settings” screen appears.
When adding a routing rule, the following parameters must be specified:
t
 Rule Name - Select the type of network from the drop-down list.
t
 Destination - The destination is the destination host, subnet address,
network address, or default route. The destination for a default route
is 0.0.0.0.
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Configuring Advanced Settings
8.8 Routing Settings
t
 Netmask - The network mask is used in conjunction with the destination to
determine when a route is used.
t
 Gateway - Enter the FiOS Router’s IP address.
t
 Metric - A measurement of the preference of a route. Typically, the lowest
metric is the most preferred route. If multiple routes exist to a given
destination network, the route with the lowest metric is used.
IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol) Multicasting
The FiOS Router provides support for IGMP multicasting. A multicast is simply a
message that is sent simultaneously to a pre-defined group of recipients. When
joining a multicast group, all messages addressed to the group will be received
by the user, much like when an email message is sent to a mailing list. To
activate IGMP multicasting:
1. Select Routing in the Advanced screen.
2. Activate the “Internet Group Management Protocol” check-box.
3. Click Apply.
Domain Routing
Domain routing is used in multi-router local network configurations. Normally,
to access a device connected to one router from another router on the network,
its IP address must be used. Activating domain routing (by clicking in the
appropriate check box) allows the user access to the computer by name (as well
as IP address).
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8.8b IP Address Distribution
The FiOS Router’s DHCP server makes it possible to easily add computers
configured as DHCP clients to the network. It provides a mechanism for
allocating IP addresses to these hosts and for delivering network configuration
parameters to them.
For example, a client (host) sends out a broadcast message on the network
requesting an IP address for itself. The DHCP server then checks its list of
available addresses and leases a local IP address to the host for a specific period
of time and simultaneously designates this IP address as “taken.” At this point,
the host is configured with an IP address for the duration of the lease.
The host can choose to renew an expiring lease or let it expire. If it chooses to
renew a lease, it will also receive current information about network services,
as it did with the original lease, allowing it to update its network configurations
to reflect any changes that occurred since it first connected to the network. If
the host wishes to terminate a lease before its expiration, it can send a release
message to the DHCP server, which will then make the IP address available for
use by others.
The FiOS Router’s DHCP server:
t
 displays a list of all DHCP hosts devices connected to the FiOS Router;
t
 defines the range of IP addresses that can be allocated in the network;
t
 defines the length of time for which dynamic IP addresses are allocated;
t
 provides the above configurations for each network device and can be
configured and enabled/disabled separately for each network device;
t
 can assign a static lease to a network computer to receive the same IP
address each time it connects to the network, even if this IP address is within
the range of addresses that the DHCP server may assign to other computers;
t
 provides the DNS server with the host name and IP address of each
computer connected to the network.
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Configuring Advanced Settings
8.8 Routing Settings
To view a summary of the services currently being provided by the DHCP
server, click IP Address Distribution in the Advanced screen. The “IP Address
Distribution” screen appears.
Editing DHCP Server Settings
To edit the DHCP server settings for a device:
1. Click the appropriate icon in the “Action” column. The “DHCP Settings” screen
for the device appears.
2. Select the “IP Address Distribution” from the drop-down list. Options include
DHCP Server, DHCP Relay, or Disable.
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3. Complete the following fields:
t
 Start IP Address Range, End IP Address Range - determines the number
of hosts connected to the network in this subnet. “Start” specifies the first IP
address assigned in this subnet and “End” specifies the last IP address in
the range.
t
 Subnet Mask - used to determine to which subnet an IP address belongs. An
example of a subnet mask value is 255.255.0.0.
t
 WINS Server - The WINS (Windows Internet Naming Service) server
determines the IP address associated with a network device.
t
 Lease Time - each device will be assigned an IP address by the DHCP server
for a limited time (“Lease Time”) when it connects to the network. When the
lease expires, the server will determine if the computer has disconnected
from the network. If it has, the server may reassign this IP address to a newlyconnected computer. This feature ensures that IP addresses not in use will
become available for other computers on the network.
t
 Provide host name if not specified by client - when activated, the FiOS
Router assigns the client a default name if the DHCP client has no host name.
4. Click Apply to save the changes.
DHCP Connections
To view a list of computers currently recognized by the DHCP server, click
Connection List at the bottom of the IP Address Distribution screen. The “DHCP
Connections” screen appears.
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Configuring Advanced Settings
8.8 Routing Settings
To define a new connection with a fixed IP address:
1. Click New Static Connection in the DHCP Connections screen. The “DHCP
Connection Settings” screen appears.
2. Enter a host name for this connection.
3. Enter the fixed IP address to assign to the computer.
4. Enter the MAC address of the computer’s network card.
5. Click the Apply to save changes.
Note: A device’s fixed IP address is actually assigned to the specific network
card’s MAC address installed on the network computer. If this network card is
replaced, the device’s entry in the DHCP Connections list must be updated with
the new network card’s MAC address.
To remove a host from the table, click the appropriate “Delete” icon in the
Action column.
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9.0
9.1
9.2
Introduction
Router Status
Advanced Status
Monitoring
the FiOS
Router
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The FiOS Router’s System Monitoring
screens display important system
information, including basic router
settings, system log, key network device
parameters, and network traffic statistics.
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9.1 Router Status
Click System Monitoring at the top of the Home screen to display the “Router
Status” screen, which displays the FiOS Router’s basic settings.
9.2 Advanced Status
After selecting Advanced Status and clicking Yes in the Warning screen,
the monitoring options appear: System Logging, Full Status/System wide
Monitoring of Connections, Traffic Monitoring, Broadband Monitoring, and
IGMP Proxy.
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Monitoring the FiOS Router
9.2 Advanced Status
9.2a System Logging
Click System Logging in the Advanced Status screen to generate the “System
Log” screen. The System Log displays a list of the most recent activities of the
FiOS Router.
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9.2b Full Status/System wide Monitoring of Connections
1. Click Full Status/System wide Monitoring of Connections in the
Advanced Status screen (and click through the Warning screen) to generate
the “Full Status/System wide Monitoring of Connections” screen, which
features a table summarizing the monitored connection data.
2. Click Refresh to update the table, or click Automatic Refresh On to
constantly update the displayed parameters.
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Monitoring the FiOS Router
9.2 Advanced Status
9.2c Traffic Monitoring
The FiOS Router constantly monitors traffic within the local network and
between the local network and the Internet. To view up-to-the-second statistical
information about data received from and transmitted to the Internet, and
about data received from and transmitted to computers in the local network,
click Traffic Monitoring in the Advanced Status screen. This generates the
“Traffic Monitoring” screen.
9.2d Bandwidth Monitoring
To monitor the FiOS Router’s bandwidth use, click Bandwidth Monitoring. The
“Bandwidth Monitor” screen appears.
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9.2e IGMP Proxy
To monitor the FiOS Router’s IGMP Proxy settings, click IGMP Proxy. The “IGMP
Host Multicast Group Membership” screen appears, giving the user an overview
of the IGMP Proxy status on the FiOS Router. For more information about how
to set up IGMP proxy on the FiOS Router, see section 8.4e (“IGMP Proxy” ). For
more information about the FiOS Router’s IGMP multicasting capabilities, see
“IGMP Multicasting” in section 8.8 (“Routing Settings”).
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10.0 Introduction
10.1 Troubleshooting Tips
10.2 Frequently Asked
Questions
Troubleshooting
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This chapter lists a selection of problems
that may be encountered while using the
FiOS Router, and offers suggestions that
may overcome them. Note that these
suggestions may not solve the problem
(or problems). Also included is a list of
frequently asked questions.
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Troubleshooting
10.1 Troubleshooting Tips
10.1 Troubleshooting Tips
Accessing the FiOS Router if Locked Out
If the FiOS Router’s connection is lost while making configuration changes, a
setting that locks access to the FiOS Router’s GUI may have inadvertently been
activated. There are three common ways to lock access to the FiOS Router:
Scheduler If a schedule has been created that applies to the computer over
the connection being used, the FiOS Router will not be accessible during the
times set in the schedule. To regain access, either wait until the connection is
scheduled to be active again, or restore the default settings to the FiOS Router.
LAN Firewall If the firewall setting for the local network is set to maximum, no
computers from the network will be able to connect to the FiOS Router. To gain
access, restore the default settings to the FiOS Router.
Access Control If the access control setting for the computer is set to block the
computer, access to the FiOS Router will be denied. To gain access, restore the
default settings to the FiOS Router.
Restoring the FiOS Router’s Default Settings
There are two ways to restore the FiOS Router’s default settings. The first is to
use the tip of a ballpoint pen and press and hold the “Reset” button on the
back of the FiOS Router for at least ten seconds. The second is to access the
FiOS Router’s GUI and navigate to the “Advanced Settings” screen. Click Restore
Defaults and read the instructions on-screen. Note that after performing either
of these two procedures, all previously saved settings on the FiOS Router will
be lost.
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LAN Connection Failure
t
 Ensure the FiOS Router is properly installed, the LAN connections are correct,
and the power is on.
t
 Confirm the computer and FiOS Router are on the same network segment.
If unsure, let the computer get the IP address automatically by initiating the
DHCP function, then verify the computer is using an IP address within the
default range (192.168.1.2 through 192.168.1.254). If the computer is not
using an IP address within the range, it will not connect to the FiOS Router.
t
 Ensure the Subnet Mask address is set to 255.255.255.0.
Time out error occurs when entering a URL or IP Address
t
 Verify all the computers are working properly.
t
 Ensure the IP settings are correct.
t
 Ensure the FiOS Router is on and connected properly.
t
 Verify the FiOS Router’s settings are the same as the computer.
10.2 Frequently Asked Questions
I’ve run out of Ethernet ports on my FiOS Router. How do I add more
computers?
Plugging in an Ethernet hub or switch expands the number of ports on the FiOS
Router. Run a standard Ethernet cable from the “Uplink” port of the new hub or
switch to a yellow Ethernet port on the FiOS Router.
How do I change the password on the FiOS Router’s Graphical
User Interface?
From the FiOS Router’s GUI Home screen, click Advanced, then Users. From the
“Users” screen, click Administrator, which generates the “User Settings” screen.
In the “General” section of the screen, change the password.
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Troubleshooting
10.2 Frequently Asked Questions
Is the wireless option on by default on the FiOS Router?
Yes. The FiOS Router’s wireless option is activated out of the box.
Is the wireless security on by default when the wireless option is activated?
Yes, with a unique WPA (Wi–Fi Protected Access) key that is printed on the
sticker on the back of the FiOS Router.
Which connection speeds does the FiOS Router support?
The Ethernet Internet connection supports 100 Mbps. The LAN Ethernet
connections support 10/100/1000 Mbps. The 802.11n wireless connection
supports up to 160 Mbps (depending on signal quality, etc.). The MoCA
connection supports 270 Mbps.
Are the FiOS Router’s Ethernet ports auto-sensing?
Yes. Either a straight-through or crossover Ethernet cable can be used.
Can I use an 802.11b wireless card to connect to the FiOS Router?
Yes, the FiOS Router can interface with 802.11b, g, or n cards. The FiOS Router
can be setup to handle only n wireless cards, g wireless cards, b wireless cards,
or any combination of the three.
Can my wireless signal pass through floors, walls, and glass?
The physical environment surrounding the FiOS Router can have a varying
effect on signal strength and quality. The more dense the object (a concrete wall
compared to a plaster wall, for example), the greater the interference. Concrete
or metal-reinforced structures will experience a higher degree of signal loss than
those made of wood, plaster, or glass.
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How do I find out what IP address my computer is using?
Windows 7 - Click the Windows button and select Control Panel. In the Control
Panel, click View Network Status and Tasks. In the next window, click Local
Area Connection. In the “Local Area Connection Status” window, click Details.
Windows Vista - Click the Windows button and select Control Panel. In the
Control Panel, click Network and Sharing Center. In the “Network and Sharing
Center” window, click View Status. In the “Local Area Connection Status”
window, click Details.
Windows 2000, XP - Select Start, Run and type “cmd.” Press Enter. When the
command screen appears, type “ipconfig” and press Enter.
My computer cannot connect to the Internet via MoCA. What should I do?
First, check the connection, and make sure all cables are connected correctly.
Then make sure the NIM is still connected, and check the Ethernet connection
to the NIM from the computer. A computer cannot be connected directly via a
MoCA cable; it must go through a NIM to connect. The NIM converts the MoCA
signal to an Ethernet signal the computer can understand.
I used DHCP to configure my network. Do I need to restart my computer
to refresh my IP address?
No. Follow these steps to refresh the IP address:
Windows 7, Vista, XP - Unplug the Ethernet cable or wireless card and plug it
back in.
Windows 2000 - Select Start, Run, type “cmd,” and press Enter. At the DOS
prompt, type “ipconfig /release” and press Enter, then type “ipconfig /renew”
and press Enter.
I cannot access the FiOS Router’s Graphical User Interface? What should
I do?
If you cannot access the FiOS Router’s Graphical User Interface (GUI), make sure
the computer connected to the FiOS Router is set up to dynamically receive an
IP address.
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Troubleshooting
10.2 Frequently Asked Questions
I have an FTP or Web server on my network. How can I make it available
to users on the Internet?
For a Web server, enable port forwarding for port 80 to the IP address of the
server. Also, set up the Web server to receive on that port. (Configuring the
server to use a static IP address is recommended.)
For an FTP server, enable port forwarding for port 21 to the IP address of the
server. (Configuring the server to use a static IP address is recommended.)
How many computers can be connected through the FiOS Router?
The FiOS Router is capable of 254 connections, but we recommend having no
more than 45 connections. As the number of connections increase, the available
speed for each computer decreases.
What is the default user name for the FiOS Router?
The default user name for the FiOS Router is “admin” (all lower case, no
quotation marks). When logging into the FiOS Router the first time (or after
restoring the FiOS Router’s default settings), the user is asked to create a new
user name and password. Enter the new user name and password, write them
down on a piece of paper, and keep it in a safe place. The new user name and
password will be needed to access the FiOS Router’s GUI in the future.
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A
A.0
A.1
A.2
Introduction
Traffic Priority
Traffic Shaping
Configuring
Quality of
Service
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Quality of Service refers to the capability of
a network device to provide better service
to selected network traffic. This is achieved
by shaping the traffic and processing
higher priority traffic before lower priority
traffic. The FiOS Router provides several
different methods of configuring Quality
of Service.
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STOP! Do not change any Quality of Service settings unless instructed to do so
by the ISP.
A.1 Traffic Priority
Traffic Priority manages and avoids traffic congestion by defining inbound
and outbound priority rules for each device on the FiOS Router. These rules
determine the priority that packets, traveling through the device, will receive.
QoS parameters (DSCP marking and packet priority) are set per packet, on an
application basis.
QoS can be configured using flexible rules, according to the following parameters:
t
 Source/destination IP address, MAC address, or host name
t
 Device
t
 Source/destination ports
t
 Limit the rule for specific days and hours
The FiOS Router supports two priority marking methods for packet prioritization:
t
 DSCP
t
 802.1p Priority
The matching of packets by rules is connection-based, known as Stateful
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Configuring Quality of Service
A.1 Traffic Priority
Packet Inspection (SPI), using the FiOS Router’s firewall mechanism. Once a
packet matches a rule, all subsequent packets with the same attributes receive
the same QoS parameters, both inbound and outbound. Connection-based
QoS also allows inheriting QoS parameters by some of the applications that
open subsequent connections. For instance, QoS rules can be defined on SIP,
and the rules will apply to both control and data ports (even if the data ports
are unknown). Applications that support such inheritance have an ALG in the
firewall. They are:
t
 SIP
t
 MSN Messenger/Windows Messenger
t
 TFTP
t
 FTP
t
 MGCP
t
 H.323
t
 Port triggering applications
t
 PPTP
t
 IPSec
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A.1a Setting Traffic Priority Rules
To set traffic priority rules:
1. Click Quality of Service in the Advanced screen. The “Traffic Priority” screen
appears, which lists all the devices on which rules can be set.
2. Click Add in the appropriate row. The “Add Traffic Priority Rule”
screen appears.
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Configuring Quality of Service
A.2 Traffic Shaping
3. Select an option from the “Source Address” drop-down list. If selecting
“Specify IP,” enter the IP address in the appropriate “IP Address” text box.
4. Select an option from the “Destination Address” drop-down list. If selecting
“Specify IP,” enter the IP address in the appropriate “IP Address” text box.
5. From the “Protocol” drop-down list, select a protocol option.
6. If applicable, select an option from the “Source Ports” and “Destination Ports”
drop-down lists.
7. Click in the “Set DSCP” check box to mark a DSCP value on packets matching
a connection that matches this rule, then enter the Hex value of the DSCP in
the appropriate text box.
8. Click in the “Set Priority” check box to add a priority to the rule, then select
one of the eight priority levels. Zero is the lowest priority, and seven the
highest (each priority level is mapped to low/medium/high priority). This
sets the priority of a packet on the connection matching the rule, while
routing the packet.
A.2 Traffic Shaping
Traffic Shaping is the solution for managing and avoiding congestion where
the network meets limited broadband bandwidth. Typical networks use a 100
Mbps Ethernet LAN with a 100 Mbps WAN interface router, which is where most
bottlenecks occur.
A traffic shaper is essentially a regulated queue that accepts uneven and/or
bursty flows of packets and transmits them in a steady, predictable stream so
that the network is not overwhelmed with traffic. While traffic priority allows
basic prioritization of packets, traffic shaping provides more sophisticated
definitions, such as:
t
 Bandwidth limit for each device
t
 Bandwidth limit for classes of rules
t
 Prioritization policy
t
 TCP serialization on a device
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Additionally, QoS traffic shaping rules can be defined for a default device. These
rules will be used on a device that has no definitions of its own. This enables the
definition of QoS rules on the default WAN, for example, and their maintenance
even if the PPP or bridge device over the WAN is removed.
A.2a Device Traffic Shaping
This section describes the different Traffic Shaping screens and terms, and
presents the feature’s configuration logic.
1. Click Quality of Service in the Advanced screen, then click Traffic Shaping.
The following screen appears.
2. Click Add. The “Add Device Traffic Shaping” screen appears.
3. Select the device for which the traffic will be shaped. The drop-down list
includes all the FiOS Router’s devices.
4. Click Apply. A “Tx Traffic Shaping” section appears in the screen.
5. Select “Specify” or “Unlimited” from the “Tx Bandwidth” drop-down list.
If “Specify is selected, enter the bandwidth amount (in Kbps) in the
appropriate text box.
6. Click Apply.
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Configuring Quality of Service
A.2 Traffic Shaping
A.2c Ingress Data
The FiOS Router can control outgoing data fairly easily. It can queue packets,
delay them, give precedence to other packets, or drop them. This helps in
resolving upload (Tx) traffic bottlenecks, and in most cases is sufficient. However,
in the case of download (Rx) traffic bottlenecks, the ability to control the flow is
much more limited. The FiOS Router cannot queue packets, since in most cases
the local network (LAN) is much faster than the Internet (WAN), and when the
FiOS Router receives a packet from the Internet, it passes it immediately to the
local network.
QoS for ingress data has the following limitations, which do not exist for
outgoing data:
t
 QoS can only be applied to TCP streams (UDP streams cannot be delayed);
t
 no borrowing mechanism;
t
 and when reserving Rx bandwidth, it is strictly taken from the bandwidth of
all other classes.
Furthermore, the FiOS Router cannot control the behavior of the ISP, which may
not have proper QoS handling. Unfortunately, this is a common situation. Let’s
look at a scenario of downloading a large file and surfing the Internet at the
same time. Downloading the file is distinguished by small requests, followed
by very large responses. This may result in blocking HTML traffic at the ISP.
A solution for such a situation is limiting the bandwidth of low-priority TCP
connections (such as the file download).
A.2d Differentiated Services Code Point Settings
In order to understand what DSCP is, one must first be familiarized with the
Differentiated Services model.
Differentiated Services (Diffserv) is a Class of Service (CoS) model that
enhances best-effort Internet services by differentiating traffic by users, service
requirements, and other criteria. Packets are specifically marked, allowing
network nodes to provide different levels of service, as appropriate for voice
calls, video playback, or other delay-sensitive applications, via priority queuing or
bandwidth allocation, or by choosing dedicated routes for specific traffic flows.
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Diffserv defines a field in IP packet headers referred to as the Differentiated
Services Codepoint (DSCP). Hosts or routers passing traffic to a Diffserv-enabled
network will typically mark each transmitted packet with an appropriate DSCP.
The DSCP markings are used by Diffserv network routers to appropriately
classify packets and to apply particular queue handling or scheduling behavior.
The FiOS Router provides a table of predefined DSCP values, which are mapped
to 802.1p priority marking method. Any of the existing DSCP setting can be
edited or deleted, and new entries can be added.
1. Click Quality of Service at the top of the Home screen, then click DSCP
Settings. The “DSCP Settings” screen appears.
2. To edit an existing entry, click the appropriate icon in the “Action” column.
To add a new entry, click Add. In either case, the “Edit DSCP Settings”
screen appears.
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Configuring Quality of Service
A.2 Traffic Shaping
3. Configure the following parameters:
DSCP Value (hex) - Enter the DSCP value as a hexadecimal value.
802.1p Priority - Select a 802.1p priority level from the drop-down list,
zero being the lowest and seven the highest (each priority level is mapped
to low/medium/high priority). The default DSCP value for packets with an
unassigned value is zero.
4. Click Apply to save the settings.
A.2e 802.1p Settings
The IEEE 802.1p priority marking method is a standard for prioritizing network
traffic at the data link/Mac sub-layer. 802.1p traffic is simply classified and sent to
the destination, with no bandwidth reservations established.
The 802.1p header includes a 3-bit prioritization field, which allows packets to
be grouped into eight levels of priority. By default, the highest priority is seven,
which might be assigned to network-critical traffic. Values five and six may be
applied to delay-sensitive applications such as interactive video and voice. Data
classes four through one range from controlled-load applications down to “loss
eligible” traffic. Zero is the value for unassigned traffic and used as a best effort
default, invoked automatically when no other value has been set.
A packet can match more than one rule. This means that:
t
 The first class rule has precedence over all other class rules (scanning is
stopped once the first rule is reached).
t
 The first traffic-priority (classless) rule has precedence over all other traffic
priority rules.
t
 There is no prevention of a traffic-priority rule conflicting with a class rule. In
this case, the priority and DSCP setting of the class rule (if given) will
take precedence.
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1. Click Quality of Service in the Advanced screen, then click 802.1p Settings.
The “802.1p Settings” screen appears.
2. The eight 802.1p values are pre-populated with the three priority levels:
Low, Medium, and High. These levels can be changed for each of the eight
values in their respective drop-down lists.
3. Click Apply to save the settings.
A.2f Class Statistics
The FiOS Router provides accurate, real-time information on the traffic moving
through the defined device classes. For example, the amount of packets sent,
dropped, or delayed are just a few of the parameters monitored per each
shaping class.
To view class statistics, click Quality of Service at the top of the Home screen,
then click Class Statistics. The following screen appears. Note that class
statistics will only be available after defining at least one class (otherwise the
screen will not present any information).
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Configuring Quality of Service
A.2 Traffic Shaping
A.2g Class Identifier
To create a class identifier, click Quality of Service in the Advanced screen, then
click Class Identifier. The “Class Identifier” screen appears.
Enter the information needed in the appropriate text boxes, then click Apply.
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B
B.0
B.1
B.2
B.3
Introduction
General
LED Indicators
Environmental
Specifications
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This appendix lists the FiOS Router’s
specifications, including standards, cabling
types, and environmental parameters.
Note that the specifications listed in
this appendix are subject to change
without notice.
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B.1 General
Model Number
MI424WR rev. I (FiOS Router)
Standards
IEEE 802.3x, 802.3u
IEEE 802.11b, g, n (wireless)
IP
IP version 4
MoCA
Two channels (WAN, LAN)
WAN MoCA frequency: 975 MHz - 1025 MHz (single channel)
LAN MoCA frequency: 1125 MHz - 1425 MHz (6 channel)
Speed
Wired
LAN Ethernet: 10/100/1000 Mbps auto-sensing
Wireless
802.11b - up to 11 Mbps
802.11g - up to 54 Mbps
802.11n - up to 160 Mbps
Cabling Type
Ethernet 10BaseT: UTP/STP Category 3 or 5
Ethernet100BaseTX: UTP/STP Category 5
Ethernet1000BaseTX: UTP/STP Category 5e
Firewall
ICSA certified
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Specifications
B.2 LED Indicators
B.2 LED Indicators
Power, WAN Ethernet, WAN Coax, Internet, LAN Ethernet (4), LAN Coax, USB (2),
Wireless, WPS
B.3 Environmental Parameters
Dimensions
Size: 1.875” x 10” x 7.4”
Weight: 2.175 lbs.
Power
External, 12V DC, 1.8A (Adapter Technology Co., Ltd.; Model: STD-12018U1)
Certifications
FCC Part 15, UL 60950-1
Operating Temperature
0º C to 40º C (32º F to 104º F)
Storage Temperature
-20º C to 70º C (-4º F to 158º F)
Operating Humidity
8% to 93% (non-condensing)
Storage Humidity
5% to 100% (non-condensing)
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C
C.0
C.1
C.2
C.3
C.4
Introduction
Regulatory
Compliance Notices
Modifications
NEBS Requirements
GPL
Notices
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This appendix lists various compliance and
modification notices, as well as the NEBS
requirements and GPL.
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C.1 Regulatory Compliance Notices
Class B Equipment
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class
B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed
to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential
installation. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency
energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may
cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no
guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this
equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception,
which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is
encouraged to try to correct the interference by implementing one or more of
the following measures:
t
 Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna;
t
 Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver;
t
 Connect the equipment to an outlet on a circuit different from the one to
which the receiver is connected;
t
 Consult the dealer or an experienced radio or television technician for help.
C.2 Modifications
The FCC requires the user to be notified that any changes or modifications made
to this device that are not expressly approved by Actiontec Electronics, Inc., may
void the user’s authority to operate the equipment.
Declaration of conformity for products marked with the FCC logo – United
States only.
This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the
following two conditions:
1. This device may not cause harmful interference;
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Specifications
C.2 Modifications
2. This device must accept any interference received, including interference
that may cause unwanted operation.
Note: To comply with FCC RF exposure compliance requirements, the antenna
used for this transmitter must be installed to provide a separation distance
of at least 20 cm from all persons and must not be co-located or operating in
conjunction with any other antenna or transmitter.
For questions regarding your product or the FCC declaration, contact:
Actiontec Electronics, Inc.
760 North Mary Ave.
Sunnyvale, CA 94085
United States
Tel: (408) 752-7700
Fax: (408) 541-9005
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C.3 NEBS Requirements
The coaxial cable screen shield must be connected to the Earth at the building
entrance per ANSI/NFPA 70, the National Electrical Code (NEC), in particular
Section 820.93, “Grounding of Outer Conductive Shield of a Coaxial Cable,” or in
accordance with local regulation.
Warning! The red WAN Coax Port is intended for connection to Verizon FiOS
only. It must not be connected to any exterior or interior coaxial wires not
designated for Verizon FiOS.
Laptop Computer
w/ Wireless Adapter
Set Top Box
w/ Television
VoIP Device
w/ Telephone
Desktop
Computer
ONT
Fiber
Optic
Broadband
Home Router
Ethernet or
Coaxial
Connection
Set Top Box
w/ Television
Typical Broadband Home Router Installation
Caution: The Broadband Home Router must be installed inside
the home. The Router is not designed for exterior installation.
C.4 GPL (General Public License)
This product includes software code developed by third parties, including
software code subject to the enclosed GNU General Public License (GPL) or
GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL). The GPL Code and LGPL Code used
in this product are distributed WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY and are subject to the
copyrights of the authors, and to the terms of the applicable licenses included in
the download. For details, see the GPL Code and LGPL Code for this product and
the terms of the GPL and the LGPL.
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