Airspan Networks MARCONI4 Wireless IP-Based Local Loop System User Manual Revised Manual

Airspan Networks Inc Wireless IP-Based Local Loop System Revised Manual

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WipLL Wireless IP-Based Local Loop System Release 2.0.1 WipLL System Description 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC Issue 03 4 Mbit - Draft 05

This product is marked with a CE Mark. This mark has been affixed to demonstrate full product compliance with the following European directives: a) Directive 73/23/EEC - Council Directive of 19/02/1973 on the harmonization of the laws of Member States relating to electrical equipment designed for use within certain voltage limits. b) Directive 89/336/EEC - Council Directive of 3/05/1989 on the approximation of laws of the Member States relating to Electro-Magnetic Compatibility (EMC). This product has been tested and found to comply with the requirements listed in FCC Regulations Part 15 for Class “B” digital devices. Compliance with these requirements provides a reasonable level of assurance that use of this product in a residential environment will not result in harmful interference with other electronic devices. This equipment generates/uses radio frequencies and if not installed and used according to the instructions found in the manuals, may cause interference harmful to the operation of other electronic devices. This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to part 15 of the FCC rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures: • Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna • Increase the separation between the equipment and the receiver • Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected • Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help Changes or modifications to this equipment not expressly approved by Marconi Ltd., could void the user’s authority to operate the equipment. The information contained in this document is proprietary and is subject to all relevant copyright, patent and other laws protecting intellectual property, as well as any specific agreement protecting MARCONI COMMUNICATIONS LTD.’s rights in the aforesaid information. Neither this document nor the information contained herein may be published, reproduced or disclosed to third parties, in whole or in part, without the express, prior, written permission of MARCONI COMMUNICATIONS LTD. In addition, any use of this document or the information contained herein for any purposes other than those for which it was disclosed is strictly forbidden. MARCONI COMMUNICATIONS LTD. reserves the right, without prior notice or liability, to make changes in equipment design or specifications. Information supplied by MARCONI COMMUNICATIONS LTD. is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by MARCONI COMMUNICATIONS LTD. for the use thereof nor for the rights of third parties which may be affected in any way by the use thereof. Any representation(s) in this document concerning performance of MARCONI COMMUNICATIONS LTD. product(s) are for informational purposes only and are not warranties of future performance, either express or implied. MARCONI COMMUNICATIONS LTD. standard limited warranty, stated in its sales contract or order confirmation form, is the only warranty offered by MARCONI COMMUNICATIONS LTD. in relation thereto. This document may contain flaws, omissions or typesetting errors; no warranty is granted nor liability assumed in relation thereto unless specifically undertaken in MARCONI COMMUNICATIONS LTD. sales contract or order confirmation. Information contained herein is periodically updated and changes will be incorporated into subsequent editions. If you have encountered an error, please notify MARCONI COMMUNICATIONS LTD. All specifications are subject to change without prior notice. Issue Date: 6-Feb-02 Revision Record: WipLL System Description Pub. Rev. Date Update Description 1.2 Nov-00 First edition and printing. Author: MCIL 1.4 Mar-01 WipLL Release 1.4 Issue 03 2.0 Apr-01 WipLL Release 2.0 Issue 01 Issue Date: 6-Feb-02 Publication No. 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC  Copyright by MARCONI COMMUNICATIONS LTD, 2001. All rights reserved worldwide.

QUESTIONS / COMMENTS If you have questions or comments about this publication, please e-mail to wipll.doc@marconi.com Name Company Tel/Fax/e-mail: Publication Name: Catalogue No. My question/comment is: Thank you. Marconi Communications Ltd Marketing Department

Contents 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC Issue 03 4 Mbit - Draft 05 i Contents 1 GENERAL OVERVIEW ............................................................................. 1-1 1.1. Components of the System................................................................. 1-4 1.1.1. The Subscriber Site .............................................................. 1-5 1.1.2. Base Station Components.................................................... 1-6 1.1.3. Coverage .............................................................................. 1-7 1.2. Management, and Commissioning...................................................... 1-9 1.2.1. WipManage ........................................................................ 1-10 1.2.2. WipConfig ........................................................................... 1-10 2 MAIN FEATURES, PROTOCOL AND QoS .............................................. 2-1 2.1. Features .............................................................................................. 2-1 2.1.1. User Perspective .................................................................. 2-1 2.1.2. Operator Perspective............................................................ 2-2 2.1.3. Capacity................................................................................ 2-2 2.1.4. QoS ...................................................................................... 2-2 2.1.5. Configuration ........................................................................ 2-3 2.1.6. Installation and Commissioning............................................ 2-3 2.1.7. Security................................................................................. 2-4 2.1.8. MAC Protocol ....................................................................... 2-4 2.1.9. Radio Communications ........................................................ 2-5 2.1.10. Management....................................................................... 2-5 2.1.10.1. Network Management Systems (NMS)................ 2-5 2.1.11. System Parameters ............................................................ 2-6 2.1.12. RF....................................................................................... 2-6 2.1.13. Network .............................................................................. 2-6 2.1.14. Application .......................................................................... 2-6 2.2. PPMA Protocol.................................................................................... 2-7

WipLL System Description ii Issue 03 4 Mbit - Draft 05 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC 2.2.1. What is PPMA? .................................................................... 2-7 2.2.1.1. Concept.................................................................. 2-7 2.2.1.2. Slotted Aloha Process............................................ 2-7 2.2.1.3. Packet Transmission.............................................. 2-8 2.2.1.4. Polling Sequence................................................... 2-8 2.3. Security ............................................................................................... 2-9 2.3.1. Login Mechanism ................................................................. 2-9 2.4. QoS ................................................................................................... 2-10 2.5. Echo Management ............................................................................ 2-11 3 APPLICATIONS AND SERVICES............................................................. 3-1 3.1. Applications......................................................................................... 3-1 3.1.1. Fixed Cellular Access System .............................................. 3-1 3.1.2. Connecting the Base Station to the Network Backbone....... 3-3 3.1.3. Remote Base Station Backhaul............................................ 3-4 3.1.3.1. Indoor Coverage (Not for use in North America) ... 3-6 3.2. Services .............................................................................................. 3-7 3.2.1. Broadband Data Access....................................................... 3-7 3.2.2. High Speed Internet Access ................................................. 3-7 3.2.3. Private Networks .................................................................. 3-8 3.2.4. Remote Access .................................................................... 3-9 3.2.5. Video Over IP ....................................................................... 3-9 4 BSR............................................................................................................ 4-1 4.1. Base Station Radio ............................................................................. 4-1 4.1.1. BSR Default Accessories ..................................................... 4-2 4.2. Network Management ......................................................................... 4-3 4.2.1. Capabilities ........................................................................... 4-3 4.2.2. Physical Interfaces ............................................................... 4-4 4.2.3. Communication Interfaces.................................................... 4-5

Contents 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC Issue 03 4 Mbit - Draft 05 iii 4.2.4. Features and Protocols ........................................................ 4-6 4.2.4.1. Features................................................................. 4-6 4.2.4.2. Protocols................................................................ 4-6 5 BSDU ......................................................................................................... 5-1 5.1. Base Station Distribution Unit ............................................................. 5-1 5.2. Network Management ......................................................................... 5-2 5.2.1. Management Information Base ............................................ 5-2 5.2.2. Capabilities ........................................................................... 5-2 5.3. Physical Interfaces .............................................................................. 5-2 5.3.1. Connectors ........................................................................... 5-2 5.3.2. Communication Interfaces.................................................... 5-3 5.4. Features and Protocols ....................................................................... 5-3 5.4.1. Features ............................................................................... 5-3 5.4.2. Protocols............................................................................... 5-3 5.5. Table of Specifications - BSDU........................................................... 5-3 5.5.1. Network Specifications ......................................................... 5-3 5.5.2. Power Requirements ............................................................ 5-4 5.5.3. Environmental Conditions..................................................... 5-4 5.5.4. Network Interface ................................................................. 5-4 5.5.5. Standards Compliance ......................................................... 5-4 5.5.6. Physical Dimensions ............................................................ 5-4 6 SPR............................................................................................................ 6-1 6.1. Subscriber Premises Radio................................................................. 6-1 6.2. SPR/BSR Communications................................................................. 6-2 6.2.1. SPR Configurations .............................................................. 6-3 6.2.2. SPR Standard Accessories .................................................. 6-3 6.2.3. Network Management .......................................................... 6-3 6.2.4. Capabilities ........................................................................... 6-4

WipLL System Description iv Issue 03 4 Mbit - Draft 05 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC 6.2.5. Physical Interfaces ............................................................... 6-4 6.2.5.1. Connectors:............................................................ 6-4 6.2.5.2. Communication Interfaces: .................................... 6-4 6.2.6. Features and Protocols ........................................................ 6-4 6.2.6.1. Features................................................................. 6-4 6.2.6.2. Protocols................................................................ 6-5 6.3. Interface Connectors......................................................................... 6-10 7 Customer Interface Adaptors.................................................................. 7-1 7.1. General ............................................................................................... 7-1 7.1.1. Configurations ...................................................................... 7-1 7.2. SDA..................................................................................................... 7-1 7.2.1. SDA Specifications ............................................................... 7-2 8 BSPS.......................................................................................................... 8-1 8.1. General........................................................................................... 8-2 8.2. Main Rack....................................................................................... 8-3 8.2.1. Main Rack ........................................................................... 8-3 8.2.2. Front Panel ......................................................................... 8-4 8.2.3. Rear Panel .......................................................................... 8-4 8.3. Extension Rack (optional)............................................................... 8-5 8.3.1. Overview ............................................................................. 8-5 8.3.2. Front Panel ......................................................................... 8-6 8.3.3. Rear Panel .......................................................................... 8-7 8.4. DC Distribution Rack (optional) ...................................................... 8-7 8.4.1. Overview ............................................................................. 8-7 8.4.2. Front Panel ......................................................................... 8-8 8.4.3. Rear Panel .......................................................................... 8-8 8.5. Basic Rectifier Module.................................................................... 8-9 8.5.1. Block Diagram................................................................... 8-10

Contents 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC Issue 03 4 Mbit - Draft 05 v 8.5.2. Front Panel ....................................................................... 8-11 8.6. System Controller Module ............................................................ 8-12 8.6.1. Front Panel ....................................................................... 8-12 8.6.2. Main Functions.................................................................. 8-13 8.6.3. Host Communication......................................................... 8-14 8.7. Communication Protocol & Data .................................................. 8-14 8.7.1. Master 8-15 8.7.2. Slave 8-15 Appendix............................................................................................................... 9-1 9.1. New Features – Release 2.0.1............................................................ 9-1 9.2. New Features – Release 1.4............................................................... 9-1 9.3. BSPS................................................................................................... 9-1 9.4. Improved Quality of Service (QoS)...................................................... 9-2 9.5. Bandwidth limitations .......................................................................... 9-2 9.6. SNMP support for BSDU..................................................................... 9-3 9.7. IntraCom.............................................................................................. 9-3 9.8. Configuring IP on the air ..................................................................... 9-3 9.9. Default configurations via WipConfig & WipManage........................... 9-4 9.10. RSSI analysis in WipConfig............................................................... 9-4 9.11. What is RFC 1918?........................................................................... 9-4

WipLL System Description vi Issue 03 4 Mbit - Draft 05 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC Figures Figure 1-1: Typical Wipll System Partitioning ....................................................... 1-2 Figure 1-2: Typical WipLL System ........................................................................ 1-3 Figure 1-3: Typical Subscriber Configuration........................................................ 1-5 Figure 1-4: Base Station Units .............................................................................. 1-6 Figure 1-5: Base Station Covering 360° ............................................................... 1-7 Figure 1-6: Base Station Giving Partial Cover ...................................................... 1-8 Figure 1-7: Base Station with Complete BSR Redundancy.................................. 1-8 Figure 1-8: Base Station Sector............................................................................ 1-9 Figure 2-1: WipLL QoS Mechanism.................................................................... 2-10 Figure 2-2: Echo Control..................................................................................... 2-11 Figure 3-1: WipLL Cell .......................................................................................... 3-2 Figure 3-2: WipLL Coverage Planning.................................................................. 3-4 Figure 3-4: WipLL Backhauling............................................................................. 3-5 Figure 3-6: WipLL Indoor Coverage...................................................................... 3-6 Figure 3-7: WipLL Private Networking .................................................................. 3-8 Figure 4-1: Typical BSR Installation...................................................................... 4-2 Figure 4-2: BSR Assembly.................................................................................... 4-4 Figure 5-1: The WipLL BSDU ............................................................................... 5-1 Figure 6-1: Typical SPR Installation...................................................................... 6-1 Figure 6-2: Typical Subscriber Site....................................................................... 6-2 Figure 6-3: SPR Assembly.................................................................................. 6-10 Figure 7-1: Subscriber Data Adapter (SDA) ......................................................... 7-3 Figure 8-1: BSPS Block Diagram.......................................................................... 8-2 Figure 8-2: BSPS Main Rack - Front Panel .......................................................... 8-4 Figure 8-3: BSPS Main Rack - Rear Panel........................................................... 8-5 Figure 8-4: BSPS Extension Rack - Front Panel ................................................... 8-6 Figure 8-5: BSPS Extension Rack - Rear Panel.................................................... 8-7

Contents 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC Issue 03 4 Mbit - Draft 05 vii Figure 8-6: BSPS DC Distribution Rack - Front Panel........................................... 8-8 Figure 8-7: BSPS DC Distribution Rack - Rear Panel ........................................... 8-8 Figure 8-8: BSPS Rectifier - Simplified Block Diagram....................................... 8-10 Figure 8-9: BSPS Rectifier Module - Front Panel ............................................... 8-11 Figure 8-10: BSPS System Controller - Front Panel........................................... 8-12 Figure 8-11: DB9 Connector ............................................................................... 8-14

WipLL System Description viii Issue 03 4 Mbit - Draft 05 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC Tables Table 4-1: Antenna Unit Connectors..................................................................... 4-5 Table 4-2: BSR and MAC Specifications .............................................................. 4-7 Table 4-3: BSR Agency Certification .................................................................... 4-8 Table 4-4: BSR Network Specifications ................................................................ 4-8 Table 4-5: BSR Power Requirements................................................................... 4-8 Table 4-6: BSR Environmental Conditions ........................................................... 4-8 Table 4-7: BSR Network Interface ........................................................................ 4-9 Table 4-8: BSR Physical Dimensions ................................................................... 4-9 Table 5-1: BSDU Physical Dimensions................................................................. 5-4 Table 6-1: Radio and MAC Specifications ............................................................ 6-6 Table 6-2: Agency Certification............................................................................. 6-6 Table 6-3: Network Specifications ........................................................................ 6-8 Table 6-4: Power Requirements ........................................................................... 6-8 Table 6-5: Environmental Considerations............................................................. 6-8 Table 6-6: Network Interface................................................................................. 6-8 Table 6-7: SPR Physical Dimensions (w/o High Gain Antenna)........................... 6-9 Table 6-8: SPR Physical Dimensions (with High Gain Antenna) .......................... 6-9 Table 6-9: SPR Connectors ................................................................................ 6-11 Table 7-1: Data Connections ................................................................................ 7-3 Table 8-1: Rectifier Specifications ...................................................................... 8-11

Contents 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC Issue 03 4 Mbit - Draft 05 ix Glossary ACK ................................ Acknowledge API .................................. Application Program Interface BER ................................ Bit Error Rate BSDU .............................. Base Station Distribution Unit BSPS .............................. Base Station Power System BSR ................................ Base Station Radio CLI .................................. Call Level Interface CRC ................................ Cyclic Redundancy Check CROL .............................. Call Rollout CTS ................................. Clear to Send DHCP ............................... Dynamic Host Configuration Protcol DNS ................................ Domain Name System ELCB .............................. Earth Leakage Circuit Breaker FTP ................................. File Transfer Protocol ICMP ............................... Internet Control Message Protocol IDC .................................. Insulation Displacement Connector IP .................................... Internet Protocol LVD ................................. Low Voltage Disconnect MAC ................................ Media Access Control MCB ................................ Main Circuit Breaker MIB ................................. Management Information Base NMS ................................ Network Management System

WipLL System Description x Issue 03 4 Mbit - Draft 05 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC NOC ................................ Network Operations Centre ODBC ............................. Open Database Connectivity PING ............................... Package Internet Groper PMPT .............................. Point-to-Multi-Point PPMA ............................. Pre-emptive Polling Multiple Access PPP ................................. Point to Point Protocol QoS ................................ Quality of Service RCCB ............................. Residual Current Circuit Breaker RCD ................................ Residual Current Device RSSI ............................... Received Signal Strength Indicator RTS ................................. Request to Send SDA ................................ Subscriber Data Adapter SNMP ............................. Simple Network Management Protocol SPE ................................. Subscriber Premises Equipment SPR ................................ Subscriber Premises Radio TCP ................................. Transmission Control Protocol TDMA ............................. Time Division Multiple Access TFTP ............................... Trivial File Transfer Protocol TTL ................................. Time to Live UDP ................................ User Datagram Protocol URL ................................ Uniform Resource Locator VoIP ................................ Voice over Internet Protocol

1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC Issue 03 4Mbit - Draft 05 1-1 of 1-12 GENERAL OVERVIEW WipLL is a broadband fixed cellular Wireless Access system. It provides an "all-in-one" broadband access solution for operators and network service providers supporting data applications including "toll quality" telephony service1 over a single integrated platform. WipLL utilizes air protocol that enables one of WipLL's unique features - the ability to recognize the type of the transmission and assign bandwidth and other resources accordingly. As an integrated broadband cellular wireless system WipLL is a complete system solution for carriers and providers of multiple fixed access services to the SME (small to medium enterprises), SOHO (small office / home office) and residential marketplace demanding video, voice and data access. The WipLL system can be considered as functionally divided between three sites as described in Figure 1-1:  Subscriber Premises Sites  Base Station Sites  A Network Operations Center (NOC) and planning site The Base Station Site and the Subscriber Premises site each contain WipLL hardware whilst the NOC uses software and associated hardware platforms to plan, configure and manage the WipLL system. 1 From WipLL Release 1.4. Chapter 1

WipLL System Description 1-2 of 1-12 Issue 03 4Mbit - Draft 05 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC SubscriberSiteSubscriberSiteSubscriberSiteSubscriberSiteSubscriberSiteSubscriberSiteSubscriberSiteBase StationSiteBase StationSiteBase StationSiteBase StationSiteNon WLL Users Non IP SystemsNetworkOperatingCentre Figure 1-1: Typical Wipll System Partitioning WipLL provides a radio link between the end-user of the telecom network (the subscriber) and the network itself to give high-speed data access. WipLL uses Internet Protocol (IP) to communicate between subscribers. WipLL comprises radio transceivers installed at subscriber premises and further transceivers at local base stations. A transceiver at a subscriber premises links

Chapter 1 - GENERAL OVERVIEW 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC Issue 03 4Mbit - Draft 05 1-3 of 1-12 through radio to its local base station. The base station then links through an Ethernet connection to datacom or IP network. Each local base station serves numerous subscribers in its vicinity. The WipLL components at the subscribers' premises and at the base stations can be remotely controlled and configured by a management system using Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP). Figure 1-2 shows a diagram of a Typical WipLL installation. Figure 1-2: Typical WipLL System WipLL supports multiple applications integrated on a single platform, such as:  High-rate data transfer  Video conferencing  Internet access

WipLL System Description 1-4 of 1-12 Issue 03 4Mbit - Draft 05 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC  Voice over IP 1.1. Components of the System The WipLL system comprises three main components as indicated in Figure 1-1: 1) Subscriber site 2) Base station 3) Coverage 1.1.1. The Subscriber Site Each subscriber site contains Subscriber Premises Equipment (SPE) that links the subscriber to the WipLL system. The SPE consists of:  A Subscriber Premises Radio (SPR)  A subscriber adapter or one of a set selected per application The SPE performs routing functions between the customer site and the base station. The SPE also performs local Quality of Service (QoS) functions, such as re-ordering packets and assigning Time-to-Live (TTL).

Chapter 1 - GENERAL OVERVIEW 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC Issue 03 4Mbit - Draft 05 1-5 of 1-12 The following drawing shows a current typical subscriber site installation: SPR Subscriber AdapterVideoConferencing Figure 1-3: Typical Subscriber Configuration 1.1.2. Base Station Components Each base station site contains several components that enable:  Connection to telecom system  Internal switching of traffic  Power supply  Radio communications. Some of these components are mandatory and others optional depending on the configuration of the site and the particular type of network backbone interconnection. Each Base Station Radio (BSR) is optionally physically connected to a Base Station Distribution Unit (BSDU), which provides data connectivity, power, and local switching functionality. A BSDU can serve up to six BSRs, and up to four BSDUs can be chained in a single base station to support up to 24 BSRs.

WipLL System Description 1-6 of 1-12 Issue 03 4Mbit - Draft 05 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC 48 VDC10 base-TWide Area NetworkConnectionPowerSupplyBSDUBSR BSR BSR BSR BSR BSR100 base-TDS1 DS3 ATM OtherManagement Figure 1-4: Base Station Units A BSR can maintain a 4 Mbit air link with customers in its sector (net throughput of 3.2 Mb/s). A single base station has a capacity of up to 96 Mb/s and can support up to 3024 customer sites. The area covered by a single base station is called a cell and can extend to a radius of up to 25 km in ideal locations, about 6 km in suburban locations and about 2 km in urban locations dependent on locally permitted RF transmission power. 1.1.3. Coverage Each base station provides a wireless link to all subscribers in the base station's area or domain. For full coverage several base stations can be set up over an extended area. WipLL works in accordance with the operator's backbone and uses the backbone to connect between base stations, the central management station, and other resources on the network. WipLL assumes a network backbone that uses IP. The area covered by a base station is divided into sectors. Each sector is built around a Base Station Radio (BSR) unit which is the central coordinator of the sector.

Chapter 1 - GENERAL OVERVIEW 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC Issue 03 4Mbit - Draft 05 1-7 of 1-12 The BSR can transmit and receive through a 60 degree sector. To cover a full 360 degree sweep, requires six BSRs at the base station which will comprise six sectors each covered by a BSR. = Base Station Radio (BSR)60 sectoroArea covered bythe base station Figure 1-5: Base Station Covering 360° Not all six sectors need be equipped. For example at a housing development that faces open farmland, one could site a base station that only covers 180 degrees to provide facilities only to the housing development. = Base Station Radio (BSR)60 sectoro Figure 1-6: Base Station Giving Partial Cover

WipLL System Description 1-8 of 1-12 Issue 03 4Mbit - Draft 05 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC = Base Station Radio (BSR)60 sectoro Figure 1-7: Base Station with Complete BSR Redundancy Alternatively, the base station can have up to twenty-four BSRs, each covering 60 degrees. This allows either:  Complete BSR redundancy with two or more BSRs covering each sector - see Figure 1-7 or  Partial sector overlap with each layer of BSRs offset to the one above it - see Figure 1-8. This gives more capacity in areas where high demand requires more bandwidth.

Chapter 1 - GENERAL OVERVIEW 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC Issue 03 4Mbit - Draft 05 1-9 of 1-12 Figure 1-8: Base Station Sector 1.2. Management, and Commissioning WipLL uses two tools for management and commissioning both implemented as software programs:  The WipLL network management tool - WipManage  WipConfig Further information on the use of these tools can be found in the Operations and Maintenance Manual.

WipLL System Description 1-10 of 1-12 Issue 03 4Mbit - Draft 05 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC 1.2.1. WipManage WipManage™ is the primary WipLL network management tool for every WipLL unit. It enables:  Configuration  Fault isolation  Performance monitoring  Software upgrade WipManage can access each unit in the system and manage it remotely using standard SNMP protocols for communicating with the WipLL unit, private and standard MIBs for setting and retrieving parameters from the units. The top hierarchy of WipManage™ is a base-station site view from which one can zoom into every Subscriber Premises Radio (SPR). WipManage™ can also be run as a stand-alone program running on Microsoft Windows NT. Inputs to WipManage™ include the manual entry of parameters and retrieval of parameters directly from the WipLL units. WipManage™ outputs are sent either to the WipLL units or saved to the database as required. 1.2.2. WipConfig WipConfig is a configuration tool for the WipLL units. It provides the flexibility to configure the units before leaving the shop or after the actual installation at the customer site. WipConfig enables:  Technicians to configure and monitor parameters at the WipLL units.

Chapter 1 - GENERAL OVERVIEW 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC Issue 03 4Mbit - Draft 05 1-11 of 1-12  Use of inputs from either a .CFG file that is produced by a database application or manually by typing the parameters into the appropriate fields of the program.  Configuration and monitoring of the WipLL units via a serial or Ethernet port. It supports Microsoft Windows 9x and Windows 2000 platforms.

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1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC Issue 03 4Mbit - Draft 05 2-1 of 2-12 MAIN FEATURES, PROTOCOL AND QoS The WipLL system is designed to provide internet access and telephony service using spread spectrum frequency hopping technology to minimize interference in the 2.4 GHz ISM, 3.5 GHz band, and 4GHz bands Data is transmitted as Internet Protocol (IP) packets. Each packet is divided into fragments, and fragments can be repeated several times to ensure Quality of Service (QoS). Other techniques such as CRC and space diversity further enhance the system performance. WipLL is an IP based platform that enables multiple applications over a single platform utilizing a quality of service mechanism that ensures the transmission of packets according to a pre-defined policy. This chapter lists the most significant features and advantages of the WipLL system, including its protocol and Quality of Service (QoS) mechanism. 2.1. Features WipLL was designed with the future in mind. Users, operators, service providers and installers can benefit from WipLL's unique features. 2.1.1. User Perspective  Always connected.  Standard 10Base-T connection.  High throughput. Chapter 2

WipLL System Description 2-2 of 2-12 Issue 03 4Mbit - Draft 05 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC  Leverages new technologies and applications.  Built-in security features. 2.1.2. Operator Perspective Very efficient network due to:  Single access platform for multiple applications.  Bandwidth used only when there is real data to transmit.  Shared bandwidth between users.  No dedicated bandwidth to customer but capabilities to ensure throughput to the users.  Uncommitted direction of transmission, no need to commit to full duplex.  Control of bandwidth and delay according to pre-defined policy. 2.1.3. Capacity  High bit rate – up to 4Mbps per channel (using 1MHz of bandwidth at 1, 2, and 3Mb/s and 2MHz at 4Mb/s).  Synchronization between BSRs to enable wide area coverage (Not in North America). 2.1.4. QoS  Recognition of packet and session type and assignment of resources accordingly.  Multiple applications over the same connection.  Bandwidth on demand.  Service on demand.

Chapter 2 - MAIN FEATURES, PROTOCOL AND QoS 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC Issue 03 4Mbit - Draft 05 2-3 of 2-14 2.1.5. Configuration  Integrated IP router.  Single outdoor box solution, i.e. no external SPR antennas or RF cables.  Up to 100 meters of standard category 5 cable from the radio unit to the indoor adapter.  Standard 10Base-T interface to the subscriber site and 100Base-T interface to the network backbone. 2.1.6. Installation and Commissioning  Easy installation and commissioning – using the WipConfig tool.  Real time signal strength indication.  No RF cables involved.  All parameters can be configured locally or remotely. Important!! • BSR-2.4 and SPR-2.4 outdoor units with internal antennas should be installed ONLY by experienced installation professionals who are familiar with local building and safety codes and, wherever applicable, are licensed by the appropriate government regulatory authorities. Failure to do so may void the MARCONI product warranty and may expose the end user or the service provider to legal and financial liabilities. MARCONI and its resellers or distributors are not liable for violation of regulations associated with the installation of outdoor units.

WipLL System Description 2-4 of 2-12 Issue 03 4Mbit - Draft 05 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC • All installed units are installed with a separation distance of at least 2 meters from all person during normal operation. • Both the BSR and SPR (as well as antenna) must be mechanically and electronically isolated from and not co-located with any other antenna or transmitter. 2.1.7. Security  Login process with authentication mechanism.  Data scrambling using public and private keys. 2.1.8. MAC Protocol  Supports up to 126 subscriber sites per BSR, up to 3024 subscriber sites per base station.  High efficiency – 80% of the bit rate.  Automatic rate control to maximize throughput under high Bit Error Rate (BER).  Re-transmission of lost packets – reliable operation in a high BER environment  Centrally coordinated air protocol – designed for point to multipoint environment.  No transmission collisions.  Real-time assessments on required and available bandwidth resources to control data flow.  Intelligent polling of SPRs.

Chapter 2 - MAIN FEATURES, PROTOCOL AND QoS 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC Issue 03 4Mbit - Draft 05 2-5 of 2-14 2.1.9. Radio Communications  Frequency hopping spread spectrum system (FH-CDMA).  Integrated antenna diversity in a single box.  The BSR also has an N-Type connector for attaching an optional 3rd-party external antenna i.e. omni-antenna for 360º coverage by a single BSR.1  Variety of antenna types, internal and external.  Configurable maximum output power – up to 27dBm.  Automatic power control to minimize interference between cells and to reduce transmission power where possible.  Configurable frequency tables for efficient re-use of available bandwidth. 2.1.10. Management 2.1.10.1. Network Management Systems (NMS)  SNMP agent at each WipLL unit.  Comprehensive network management system based on SNMP for local and remote management.  Standard and proprietary Management Information Bases (MIB).  Configuration management.  Fault isolation.  Performance monitoring. 1 For 2.4GHz application only, an external antenna may have a gain of 11dbi. Responsibly of compliance is left to the customer.

WipLL System Description 2-6 of 2-12 Issue 03 4Mbit - Draft 05 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC  Software upgrade of every WipLL unit using TFTP.  Support for standard IP protocols – ARP, DHCP relay, TFTP, ICMP, and SNMP. 2.1.11. System Parameters  Temperature range of –30ºC to +60ºC.  Compliance with ETSI and FCC Regulations. 2.1.12. RF This environment consists of point to multi-point directional antennas pointing towards the base station. Distances between stations and the base station may differ. Some may be near while others may be far away. Additional features include:  Multi-site – mutual interference.  Frequency hopping.  Multi-rate: Sensitivity of the receiver changes and is dependent on the bit rate. 2.1.13. Network  Ethernet packets – between 64 and 1518 bytes.  Burst of packets or constant flow to/from users – depending on the application. 2.1.14. Application Data – different types of applications generate requirements for:  Assignment of delays.

Chapter 2 - MAIN FEATURES, PROTOCOL AND QoS 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC Issue 03 4Mbit - Draft 05 2-7 of 2-14  Allowed packet loss rate that applications can sustain.  Bandwidth for the application - video requires constant signal flow:  Packets are generated usually every 30ms. (depending on the Residential Access Gateway (RAG) and sampling rate)  Requires minimal delay.  Silence suppression – no packets 2.2. PPMA Protocol This section describes the Pre-emptive Polling Multiple Access (PPMA) protocol. It discusses the environment in which this protocol operates, its task and description of the PPMA protocol as used by WipLL. To support the above environment the main task of the PPMA protocol is to combine all these requirements in the most efficient manner. 2.2.1. What is PPMA? 2.2.1.1. Concept PPMA is a centrally coordinated protocol. The BSR performs the task of coordination over the air. It constantly gathers information from the Subscriber Premises Radio (SPR) regarding their requirements for resources. These are rated according to the combination of parameters such as the number of packets in the SPR queues and the maximum allowed delay for the first packet in the queue. Once the BSR has determined the requirements of resources for the next few milliseconds it starts to poll the SPRs accordingly. SPRs that receive the highest score are polled first and the others follow in order. 2.2.1.2. Slotted Aloha Process The constant gathering of information regarding the required resources from the SPRs is performed by using a mechanism called "Slotted Aloha".

WipLL System Description 2-8 of 2-12 Issue 03 4Mbit - Draft 05 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC From time to time (and not exceeding every 100mS) the BSR sends a "Channel Clear" message which is an invitation for SPRs to send the score of their requirements. It then waits for a while and receives these requirements from the SPRs. The waiting time is called Slotted Aloha due to the fact that the BSR waits for a time that is equivalent to 16 messages of "Request to Send" (RTS). The messages are synchronized so that an SPR does not transmit a message before the previous message is ended. The timing of each RTS message is represented as a "Slot". SPRs are independent to choose which slots to use for sending their requirements. Occasionally a collision between SPRs can occur on a slot and then the probability is that the request is lost. Each SPR can use more than one slot to send its request. An SPR that was not allowed to transmit might try again during the next Slotted Aloha process. This system ensures that all SPRs eventually get a fair chance to transmit their requests. 2.2.1.3. Packet Transmission After the BSR has gathered the requests from the SPRs and decided on the priorities, it sends a "Clear to Send" (CTS) message to the first SPR. The packet is then transmitted from the SPR. In the header of each packet more information about the status of the queues is included thus avoiding the need for the SPR to participate in the next Slotted Aloha process. The data packet is divided into fragments and each fragment is added with CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check). After the packet is complete, an "Acknowledge" (ACK) message is sent by the BSR that includes information about all fragments that were reported as errors. These fragments can be repeated several times until the entire message is successfully transmitted. 2.2.1.4. Polling Sequence Each time the BSR sends a CTS (Clear to Send) message to one of the SPRs it is considered as if the SPR is being polled.

Chapter 2 - MAIN FEATURES, PROTOCOL AND QoS 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC Issue 03 4Mbit - Draft 05 2-9 of 2-14 Polling of SPRs can happen according to the information gathered during the Slotted Aloha process or in a periodic manner – every few milliseconds – regardless of the Slotted Aloha process depending on the application transmitting data at the time. The polling sequence of data applications is managed by the BSR based on the information gathered during the Slotted Aloha process. Data applications can sustain relatively long delays before expecting a response and therefore their packets can be delayed within the SPRs before being sent to the BSR and on to the network. Other applications which require a smaller delay for their packets are polled first. Some applications are configured to transmit a burst of several packets in a row before expecting any response from the other party. In such a case the polling mechanism is able to support several polls of an SPR one after the other. This mode is called "PPMA" (Preemptive Polling Multiple Access). Real-time applications such as video often sends a constant flow of packets. In this case the BSR polls the SPR that is related to such an application in accordance with the flow of the packets. IP Telephony systems send packets about every 30ms and require a very small delay. Therefore, an SPR that was recognized as sending packets is polled usually every 30ms (see 2.1.14) without having to go through the Slotted Aloha process to inform the BSR about each packet. This mode is called "Adaptive TDMA" (Time Division Multiple Access). 2.3. Security Being a centrally coordinated protocol gives PPMA several options of security that are independent of other layers. 2.3.1. Login Mechanism In order to be served by a BSR an SPR must be registered to it. This registration process is based on the SPR's MAC address and the BSR address that is configured by the network management. When a new SPR tries to register to the BSR it sends a "Request to Send" message during the "Slotted Aloha" time. The BSR then checks if the SPR MAC address is listed as an "Allowed SPR" list. This list is maintained by the network management system. If it is listed as such then an "Association" message is sent to the SPR that includes information about the cell such as the public key for the encoding, number

WipLL System Description 2-10 of 2-12 Issue 03 4Mbit - Draft 05 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC of users, etc. The SPR then sends its own information to the BSR. It is then considered as being "associated" with the BSR and can start sending and receiving messages from it. In case the SPR is not included in the "Allowed SPR" list or the address it provides for the BSR is incorrect no message will be sent to it and the association process will be terminated. 2.4. QoS Quality of Service (QoS) is the ability to recognize the type of the transmission and assign bandwidth and other resources accordingly. Resources are not necessarily only in terms of bandwidth but also in terms of delays, packet loss rate and whether or not data needs to be retransmitted in case it is lost. Figure 2-1 represents the idea behind the QoS. Some applications require more network resources than others. WEB Browsing E-mail File Transfer Voice over IP Video Conference Figure 2-1: WipLL QoS Mechanism QoS measurements are based on 2 factors, assigned traffic priority (0 through 7) and Time-To-Live (TTL) factor (1 through 5): 1) Network protocol - IP 2) Transport protocol – TCP, UDP, ICMP 3) Transport protocol and port number (based on application type) 4) IP address

Chapter 2 - MAIN FEATURES, PROTOCOL AND QoS 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC Issue 03 4Mbit - Draft 05 2-11 of 2-14 5) Session type - VoIP 2.5. Echo Management Packet based systems are likely to introduce more delay (and variable) than circuit switched systems. Increased delay could present quality problems with time bounded services such as voice communication. SPR1PSTNIP NetworkBase Station Site1nBSR10BaseT10BaseTH-EGWGWInternationalTrafficEthernetSDASDAEthernetSwitchEthernet Figure 2-2: Echo Control As can be seen from Figure 2-2, echo becomes an issue when a voice call is established between a customer connected to an SDA and a PSTN customer. Echo is generated at the 2 wire-4 wire hybrid in the PSTN customer’s line card and has to be cancelled.

WipLL System Description 2-12 of 2-12 Issue 03 4Mbit - Draft 05 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC PSTN has traditionally been a low delay network and has not bothered with echo cancellation, at least in smaller countries, if the round trip delay is below 50ms. Echo cancellers are used in international calls between different PSTNs. The key principle is that the network that causes the echo should cancel it. Applying this principle to the introduction of IP based WLL systems means that echo should be handled in the access system. To this end, in Marconi Communications’ WipLL system echo cancellation has been implemented in both the SDA (up to 8ms) and the head-end gateways (up to 64ms).

1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC Issue 03 Draft 05 3-1 APPLICATIONS AND SERVICES WipLL can be installed in several configurations to support different required applications. The following paragraphs discuss some of the applications and services that can be provided with WipLL. 3.1. Applications 3.1.1. Fixed Cellular Access System Typically WipLL is used as a broadband fixed wireless access system. It is installed in a cellular structure where many base station sites are installed in a way that provides full coverage of an area for enabling access for all potential customers in the area. Each cell consists of sectors that are determined by base station radios (BSRs). The following figure shows the structure of a typical WipLL cell. Chapter 3

WipLL System Description 3-2 of 3-10 Issue 03 Draft 05 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC Figure 3-1: WipLL Cell Subscriber Premises Radios (SPRs) are normally installed on a rooftop or a wall which has a direct line of sight to the base station radio (BSR) and are pointed towards the nearest base station or the base station that was assigned according to the pre-planning of the site. Base stations typically contain several BSRs for providing a full (360º) coverage as well as enough capacity to accommodate the requirements of subscribers. When a full area is covered, WipLL can provide services to tens of thousands of users. The backbone must be able to carry the required capacity, delays and connectivity in order to support the services and requirements of all users. Prior to installation, a full site planning is required. Such planning normally includes forecasts of the required capacity based on the number of users, typical subscription contract, types of srevice, required bit rate per subscriber, etc. It also includes radio planning for determining the best locations for BSRs – to ensure full coverage, frequency allocation – to minimize mutual interference and tilting options to determine the covered area for each sector of a base station.

Chapter 3 - APPLICATIONS AND SERVICES 3-3 of 3-10 Issue 03 Draft 05 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC Important!! o BSR-2.4 and SPR-2.4 outdoor units with internal antennas should be installedONLY by experienced installation professionals who are familiar with localbuilding and safety codes and, wherever applicable, are licensed by the appropriate government regulatory authorities. Failure to do so may void theMARCONI product warranty and may expose the end user or the service providerto legal and financial liabilities. MARCONI and its resellers ordistributors are not liable for violation of regulations associated with theinstallation of outddor units. o All installed units are installed with a seperation distance of at least 2 meters from all person during normal operation. 3.1.2. Connecting the Base Station to the Network Backbone The base station connects to the network backbone via 2 × RJ45 100Base-T connections. Figure 3-2 shows planning of a few base stations that cover an area.

WipLL System Description 3-4 of 3-10 Issue 03 Draft 05 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC Figure 3-2: WipLL Coverage Planning 3.1.3. Remote Base Station Backhaul Occasionally, when base stations are providing services to a small number of subscribers or when large capacity is not required, WipLL SPRs and BSRs can be used for backhauling. Such configurations can be considered in most cases as a point-to-point (PTP) connection. Each PTP connection can provide up to 4Mbps of bandwidth and is equivalent or better than a typical point-to-multi-point (PMP) connection that is used in a typical base station installation.

Chapter 3 - APPLICATIONS AND SERVICES 3-5 of 3-10 Issue 03 Draft 05 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC Figure 3-3 shows a typical backhauling of a base station using WipLL. Figure 3-3: WipLL Backhauling Remote base stations are typically required when the main base station sites cannot cover an area due to lack of line-of-sight or when the distance exceeds the capability of the radios to provide services. It is recommended that a maximum of two hops be used between a main base station and a subscriber site. Note: Each such connection adds about 15 to 25ms delay to each packet.

WipLL System Description 3-6 of 3-10 Issue 03 Draft 05 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC 3.1.3.1. Indoor Coverage (Not for use in North America) In many applications there is a need to provide access to users located in the lower floors of a building. These users usually do not have a direct line-of-sight with a base station. WipLL can be used for indoor coverage for apartment buildings and office areas. There are ways to achieve such a configuration either by placing the BSR in a an adjacent building and covering one or two sides of the building or placing a BSR on the roof pointed towards the adjacent building to receive the reflections of the RF signals, or by placing the BSR inside the building and transmitting sufficient power to penetrate walls. The following figures show some ways of providing indoor coverage. Figure 3-4: WipLL Indoor Coverage

Chapter 3 - APPLICATIONS AND SERVICES 3-7 of 3-10 Issue 03 Draft 05 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC 3.2. Services 3.2.1. Broadband Data Access Using a standard PSTN modem in circuit-switched networks customers are limited to 56Kbps of throughput and in most cases to 28.8Kbps. From the operator's perspective once a customer has dialed with a PSTN modem a full 128Kbps channel is occupied for as long as the session lasts. With WipLL customers are limited only by configuration, with a maximum of 4Mbps, 50 times faster than the fastest PSTN modem. However, they do not necessarily consume more bandwidth from the operator since bandwidth is used only when there is an actual data packet to transmit. This happens about 10% of the time. As a result, assuming the same bandwidth utilization of 128Kbps per customer an operator may actually commit 128Kbps to each customer, thus over-selling bandwidth without having any effect on the performance of the connection. These characteristics of WipLL make it suitable for providing data access to users while maintaining best usage of bandwidth and capacity. The following paragraphs discuss some of the services available with the broadband access that WipLL can offer. 3.2.2. High Speed Internet Access One of the advantages of WipLL is the fact that users are "always on". This means that there is no dialing process and no need for the hassle involved with dialup access. You need only open your web browser or email program to be instantly connected.

WipLL System Description 3-8 of 3-10 Issue 03 Draft 05 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC WipLL can also distinguish between applications and users, thus enabling the operator to provide different class of service to users. For example, it can provide different services to web browsing and email, prioritizing web browsing for ensuring best "Internet experience". 3.2.3. Private Networks WipLL allows the configuration for providing connectivity to branch offices. In this configuration the branch office can be connected to a central office or any other destination without allowing access from any other source. Figure 3-5 illustrates two customers, A and B, with private networks to branch offices. Figure 3-5: WipLL Private Networking

Chapter 3 - APPLICATIONS AND SERVICES 3-9 of 3-10 Issue 03 Draft 05 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC 3.2.4. Remote Access WipLL is very suitable for tele-workers who require high speed access combined with private network and flexible configuration. The interface to the system is 10Base-T and enables seamless configuration between office and remote location. 3.2.5. Video Over IP The fact that WipLL can provide Mbps of throughput to the user, together with its ability to set different delays and priorities to different applications and provide QoS, makes it a good solution for enabling applications like video over IP. This means that customers can do high quality video conferencing. The system can prioritize video packets in such a way that delays and jitter are minimized and the video packets pass smoothly through the system.

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1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC Issue 03 4Mbit - Draft 05 4-1 of 4-10 BSR 4.1. Base Station Radio A BSR is the centre of a WipLL sector. It has several roles in both the MAC layer as well as in the networking and transport layers. In the MAC layer the BSR is responsible for synchronizing the SPRs in terms of frequency hopping sequence. At the network layer the BSR performs routing functions between the base station's Ethernet network and the wireless stations, containing a routing table that can support up to 126 stations addresses. The transport layer at a BSR makes decisions on how to support an application in terms of bandwidth, delays and mode of operation. There are two modes of operation - Pre-emptive Polling (PPMA) and Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA). Although the WipLL BSR employs PPMA, it also recognizes the traffic type and emulates TDMA where necessary. The BSRs are connected to the wired backbone through a BSDU with a 10Base-T Ethernet connection which allows a cable length of up to 100 meters. Each of the BSRs contains two internal high gain, flat plate antennas, to support functionality of antenna diversity which helps to overcome multi-path effects. There are typically several BSRs at each base station site. Each BSR can cover an azimuth angle (yaw) of 60 degrees and therefore 6 BSRs can provide a full 360 degrees coverage of the entire cell if needed. The antenna may also be tilted vertically (pitch) to reduce interference between adjacent BSRs. The maximum number of radios that can be connected depends mainly on the radio bandwidth allocated to the system. 6 radios can coexist at the base-station providing as much as 24 Mbit/s per base station to be shared among the remote users. Each individual BSR delivers up to 4Mbps using only a minimal 2MHz of radio bandwidth. As capacity demand grows, more BSR's can be added to a total of 24 per cell and Chapter 4

WipLL System Description 4-2 of 4-10 Issue 03 4Mbit - Draft 05 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC connection to up to 3,024 discrete subscriber sites, however such a configuration would require a bandwidth allocation of at least 75 MHz. Figure 4-1: Typical BSR Installation 4.1.1. BSR Default Accessories  Mechanical mounting kit. Each BSR comes with a kit for mounting the unit on a pole with means for tilting.  Data connector. A DB15 connector with waterproof cover included with the BSR.

Chapter 4 - BSR 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC Issue 03 4Mbit - Draft 05 4-3 of 4-10 4.2. Network Management The BSR is managed using SNMP and standard proprietary MIBs for the specific configurations of the BSR 4.2.1. Capabilities  Configuration - network parameters (IP address, ports, routing tables, etc.), RF parameters (frequency tables, allowed CS, etc.)  Traps - sends traps as per configuration.  Fault management - debugging options.  Counters - for statistics on packet loss.

WipLL System Description 4-4 of 4-10 Issue 03 4Mbit - Draft 05 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC 4.2.2. Physical Interfaces  DB15 connector - power, Ethernet, sync and serial.  DB9 connector - for serial interface. Figure 4-2: BSR Assembly

Chapter 4 - BSR 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC Issue 03 4Mbit - Draft 05 4-5 of 4-10 Table 4-1: Antenna Unit Connectors 9 Pin Communications Connector 15 Pin Data/Power Connector 1 nc 1 + VIN F 2 Rx 2 - VIN F 3 Tx 3 Ethernet Tx + 4 nc 4 Ethernet Tx - 5 Ground 5 Ethernet Rx + 6 nc 6 Ethernet Rx - 7 Ground 7 nc 8 nc 8 nc 9 +5vDC 9 +VIN F 10 - VIN F 11 VCC 12 GND 13 nc 14 232 Rx 15 232 Tx 4.2.3. Communication Interfaces  Ethernet, 10Mbps.  Serial, RS-232.

WipLL System Description 4-6 of 4-10 Issue 03 4Mbit - Draft 05 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC 4.2.4. Features and Protocols 4.2.4.1. Features  Synchronization of hops between BSRs.  Software upgrade - with TFTP.  Static routing tables - 16 entries per each SPR plus 32 entries for the Ethernet side, total 256 x 16 entries - 4096 routing entries.  QoS - proprietary.  Network management - SNMPv2  Multiple concurrent open sessions - up to 50 4.2.4.2. Protocols  ARP  DHCP / BOOTP relay  TFTP  ICMP  SNMP

Chapter 4 - BSR 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC Issue 03 4Mbit - Draft 05 4-7 of 4-10 Table 4-2: BSR and MAC Specifications Parameter Value Comment Operating frequency range Rel 1.2 Rel 1.4 2.4 – 2.5GHz 3.4 – 3.6GHz Spectrum spreading method Frequency hopping CDMA 2.4GHz 3.5GHz Per ETSI EN300 328 ETS 300 328 EN 301 253 Duplex method Time division (TDD) - 2.4GHz Transmit bit rates Up to 4Mbps BER and distance dependent. Channel spacing at 1, 2 and 3Mb/s Channel spacing at 4Mb/s 1MHz 2MHz Will be configured at the factory Output power from the radio at 1, 2 and 3Mb/s Output power from the radio at 4Mb Up to 23dBm, configurable 16dBm Depending on local regulations maximum output power will be set at factory Effective Isotropic Radiated Power (EIRP) at 1, 2 and 3Mb/s Effective Isotropic Radiated Power (EIRP) at 4Mb/s Up to 34dBm, configurable 27dBm Depending on local regulations maximum output power will be set at factory Modulation method 8 level CPFSK Channel access method PPMA / Adaptive TDMA Protocol efficiency Up to 80% At BER = 10-5 , depending on the application Number of SPR per BSR Up to 126 62 concurrently

WipLL System Description 4-8 of 4-10 Issue 03 4Mbit - Draft 05 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC Table 4-3: BSR Agency Certification Parameter Value Comment Emissions / Immunity EN 300 339 EN 300 386-2 ETS300 328 Safety EN / IEC 60950 Environmental ETS 300 019-2-x Table 4-4: BSR Network Specifications Parameter Value Comment Filtering Rate 10500 Frames / sec Forwarding Rate 1400 Frames / sec Routing table length 64 x 16 Data open-sessions per BSR 50 Table 4-5: BSR Power Requirements Parameter Value Comment Voltage Minimum: Maximum: 48Vdc nominal 30Vdc 55Vdc Fed from the BSDU Amperes Maximum: 500mA Table 4-6: BSR Environmental Conditions Parameter Value Comment Operating Temperature Outdoor units (BSR,SPR) -30ºC to +60ºC Optional range of -40ºC to +70ºC Storage Temperature -40ºC to +80ºC

Chapter 4 - BSR 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC Issue 03 4Mbit - Draft 05 4-9 of 4-10 Table 4-7: BSR Network Interface Parameter Value Comment Ethernet Network UTP EIA/TIA Category 5 Standards Compliance ANSI/IEEE 802.3 and ISO/IEC 8802-3 10 Base-T compliant Serial Port RS-232 Table 4-8: BSR Physical Dimensions Parameter Value Comment Height 400mm Width 317mm Depth 65.5mm Weight 4.7kg Excluding mounting kit

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1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC Issue 03 Draft 05 5-1 of 5-4 BSDU 5.1. Base Station Distribution Unit The Base Station Distribution Unit (BSDU) is a major building block of the base station. It performs the main indoor functions of the WipLL base-station. This mainly refers to the interfacing function between the Base Station Radios (BSRs), the Wide Area Network (WAN) and the DC power system. Figure 5-1: The WipLL BSDU The functions implemented by the BSDU in the WipLL system's base station are:  Data switching. - between 6 BSRs to a fast Ethernet 100Base-T port.  Power distribution - DC power from a single -48Vdc connection to six BSRs.  Domestic functions - focusing on local functions of the base station such as frequency hopping, power alarms, etc. The BSDU is a 19" rack mount device. The front fascia has 2 × 100Base-T RJ45 sockets, 2 × 10Base-T RJ45 sockets, Sync in and Sync out RJ45 sockets, a DB9 socket for a monitor and a DB9 socket for management. The rear of the device has 6 Chapter 5

WipLL System Description 5-2 of 5-4 Issue 03 Draft 05 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC × DB15 connectors for connecting to each of the BSRs, cables and connectors for connecting to other BSDUs plus mechanical brackets for mounting the BSDU unit in a 19" rack 5.2. Network Management 5.2.1. Management Information Base  Standard Management Information Base (MIB) - Ethernet, switch. From WipLL Release 1.4, WipManage also controls the BSDU using SNMP.  Marconi proprietary MIBS for managing the frequency hopping 5.2.2. Capabilities  Configuration - network parameters  Traps - sends traps as per configuration.  Fault management - debugging options.  Statistical counters - packet loss, etc. 5.3. Physical Interfaces 5.3.1. Connectors  6 × DB15 connectors for power, Ethernet, sync and connection to the BSRs.  2 × DB9 connectors for monitor and management.  2 × RJ45 for 100Base-T.  2 × RJ45 for 10Base-T.

Chapter 5 - BSDU 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC Issue 03 Draft 05 5-3 of 5-4 5.3.2. Communication Interfaces  Fast Ethernet, 100Base-T  Ethernet, 10Mbps.  Serial, RS-232. 5.4. Features and Protocols 5.4.1. Features  Software upgrade - with TFTP.  Network management - SNMPv2 5.4.2. Protocols  ARP  TFTP  ICMP  SNMP 5.5. Table of Specifications - BSDU 5.5.1. Network Specifications  Filtering rate - 105 000 frames / sec.  Forwarding rate - 62 500 frames / sec.

WipLL System Description 5-4 of 5-4 Issue 03 Draft 05 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC 5.5.2. Power Requirements  Voltage- 48v DC nominal  Power consumption - Maximum 300W (including the feeding of 6 × BSRs) 5.5.3. Environmental Conditions  Operating temperature 0ºC to +50ºC  Storage temperature -40ºC to +80ºC 5.5.4. Network Interface  Ethernet Network - RJ45: UTP EIA/TIA - Category 5 5.5.5. Standards Compliance  ANSI/IEEE 802.3, ISO/IEC 8802-3 10/100 Base-T compliant  Serial port - RS-232 5.5.6. Physical Dimensions Table 5-1: BSDU Physical Dimensions Parameter Value Height 4.32 cm Width 48.26 cm Depth 22.86 cm Weight 2.9 kg

1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC Issue 03 4Mbit - Draft 05 6-1 of 6-12 SPR 6.1. Subscriber Premises Radio The subscriber site typically includes a Subscriber Premises Radio (SPR) and a Subscriber Data Adapter (SDA). Figure 6-1 shows a typical SPR installation. Figure 6-1: Typical SPR Installation Chapter 6

WipLL System Description 6-2 of 6-12 Issue 03 4Mbit - Draft 05 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC SPR Subscriber AdapterVideoConferencing Figure 6-2: Typical Subscriber Site 6.2. SPR/BSR Communications The SPR transmits and receives data to and from the base station. It is typically located on the roof or external wall of the subscriber premises. The SPR has the reference number of the Base Station Radio (BSR) coded into it. This prevents the SPR from being removed and placed at a different location without authorisation. The SPR contains a high-gain directional antenna. The standard 2.4Ghz model covers an area of 23 degrees with a gain of 15dBi At the network layer, the SPR performs routing functions between the subscriber's Ethernet network and the wireless network and contains a routing table that can support up to 16 entries. The transport layer of the SPR makes decisions on how to support an application in terms of bandwidth, delays and mode of operation. There are two modes of operation - pre-emptive polling and Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA). The BSR's admission control makes the decision on which mode each unit of the cell will operate at a given moment.

Chapter 6 - SPR 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC Issue 03 4Mbit - Draft 05 6-3 of 6-12 The SPR is connected to the wired network through an SDA supplied with WipLL Release 1.4, with a 10Base-T Ethernet connection which allows a cable length of up to 100 meters. The capacity of each SPR is up to 4Mbps. 6.2.1. SPR Configurations Different versions of the SPR are available. Options include different mechanical, memory and antenna beam span configurations. 6.2.2. SPR Standard Accessories  Mechanical mounting brackets - for mounting the units on a wall.  DB15 connector for the data port with waterproof cover. 6.2.3. Network Management  MIB - standard MIBs - Ethernet, router  Marconi proprietary

WipLL System Description 6-4 of 6-12 Issue 03 4Mbit - Draft 05 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC 6.2.4. Capabilities  Configuration - network parameters (IP address, ports, routing tables, etc.), RF parameters (frequency tables, allowed BSRs, etc.).  Traps - send traps as per configuration.  Fault management - debugging options.  Statistical counters - for packet loss, etc. 6.2.5. Physical Interfaces 6.2.5.1. Connectors:  DB15 - power, Ethernet and serial.  DB9 - serial interface. 6.2.5.2. Communication Interfaces:  Ethernet - 10 Mbps.  Serial - RS-232. 6.2.6. Features and Protocols 6.2.6.1. Features  Software upgrade - with TFTP.  Static routing tables - 16 entries per Ethernet port.

Chapter 6 - SPR 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC Issue 03 4Mbit - Draft 05 6-5 of 6-12  QoS - Proprietary.  Network management - SNMPv2  Concurrent open sessions - 50 6.2.6.2. Protocols  - ARP  - DHCP / BOOTP relay (server located on the BSR’s LAN)  - TFTP  - ICMP  - SNMP

WipLL System Description 6-6 of 6-12 Issue 03 4Mbit - Draft 05 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC Table 6-1: Radio and MAC Specifications Parameter Value Comment Operating frequency Release 1.2 Release 1.4 2.4 GHz 2.4 GHz Spectrum spreading method Frequency hopping CDMA Per ETSI EN300 328 Duplexing Method Time Div. Duplex (TDD) 2.4GHz Transmit Bit Rates Up to 4Mbps BER and distance dependent Channel spacing at 1, 2 and 3Mb/s Channel spacing at 4Mb/s 1MHz 2MHz Will be configured at the factory. Output power from the radio at 1, 2 and 3Mb/s Output power from the radio at 4Mb/s Up to 19dBm 12dBm Will be configured at the factory. Effective Isotropic Radiated Power (EIRP) at 1, 2 and 3Mb/s Effective Isotropic Radiated Power (EIRP) at 4Mb/s Up to 34dBm 27dBm Depending on local regulations maximum output power can be set at factory Modulation method 8 level CPFSK Channel access method PPMA / Adaptive TDMA Protocol efficiency Up to 80% At BER = 10-5 , depending on the application Table 6-2: Agency Certification Parameter Value Comment Emissions / Immunity EN 300 339 EN 300 386-2 ETS 300 328 Safety EN/IEC 60950

Chapter 6 - SPR 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC Issue 03 4Mbit - Draft 05 6-7 of 6-12 Environmental ETS 300 019-2-x

WipLL System Description 6-8 of 6-12 Issue 03 4Mbit - Draft 05 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC Table 6-3: Network Specifications Parameter Value Comment Filtering rate 10500 frames / sec Forwarding rate 1300 frames / sec Routing table length 16 Table 6-4: Power Requirements Parameter Value Comment Voltage Minimum Maximum 48Vdc nominal 30Vdc 55Vdc Fed from either the SDA Consumption Maximum 500mA Table 6-5: Environmental Considerations Parameter Value Comment Operating temperature Outdoor units (BSR,SPR) -30ºC to +60ºC Optional range of -40ºC to +70ºC Storage temperature -40ºC to +80ºC Table 6-6: Network Interface Parameter Value Comment Ethernet Network UTP EIA / TIA Category 5 Standards Compliance ANSI/IEEE 802.3 and ISO/IEC 8802-3 10 Base-T compliant Serial Port RS-232

Chapter 6 - SPR 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC Issue 03 4Mbit - Draft 05 6-9 of 6-12 Table 6-7: SPR Physical Dimensions (w/o High Gain Antenna) Parameter Value Comment Height 311mm Width 244mm Depth 65.5mm Weight 2.5kg Excluding mounting kit Table 6-8: SPR Physical Dimensions (with High Gain Antenna) Parameter Value Comment Height 400mm Width 317mm Depth 65.5mm Weight 4.7kg Excluding mounting kit Note: The cable and connector are the same as for the base station.

WipLL System Description 6-10 of 6-12 Issue 03 4Mbit - Draft 05 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC 6.3. Interface Connectors Figure 6-3 and Table 6-9 detail the pin configuration for the SPR interfaces. Figure 6-3: SPR Assembly

Chapter 6 - SPR 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC Issue 03 4Mbit - Draft 05 6-11 of 6-12 Table 6-9: SPR Connectors 9 Pin Communications Connector 15 Pin Data/Power Connector 1 nc 1 + VIN F 2 Rx 2 - VIN F 3 Tx 3 Ethernet Tx + 4 nc 4 Ethernet Tx - 5 Ground 5 Ethernet Rx + 6 nc 6 Ethernet Rx - 7 Ground 7 nc 8 nc 8 nc 9 +5vDC 9 +VIN F 10 - VIN F 11 VCC 12 GND 13 nc 14 232 Rx 15 232 Tx The cable run must be mechanically protected and supported at maximum 1 meter intervals in a 20mm galvanised steel flexible conduit for external runs and in 20mm PVC conduit for internal runs. Communications output must be in 50mm x 20mm PVC trunking.

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1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC Issue 03 Draft 02 7-1 of 7-4 Customer Interface Adaptors 7.1. General WipLL uses Internet Protocol (IP) to communicate between subscribers. Analog telephony signals are also converted to IP packets at the subscriber’s side, and back to PSTN signaling by IP Telephony Gateways. WipLL subscriber units contain the client-side IP Telephony gateway. The PSTN gateway can be located anywhere within the network. 7.1.1. Configurations WipLL's subscriber data and telephony adapter is located at the subscriber premises. The subscriber adapters' job is to interface the WipLL system with the subscriber premises equipment. It also provides power to the subscriber premises radio (SPR), which is located outdoors and performs IP routing and transmits and receive data from the base station, using radio frequencies (RF). Lightning protection is also done at the subscriber adapter. There are several configurations for the subscriber adapters that are related mainly to the interface required by the subscriber and to the configuration of the system. 7.2. SDA The Subscriber Data Adapter (SDA) is an Ethernet HUB that provides 2 10-BaseT connections to host computers or a network. It also provides power, lightning Chapter 7

WipLL System Description 7-2 of 7-4 Issue 03 Draft 02 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC protection and data connection to the SPR. It connects to the main power and includes LEDs for display of network connection and data traffic. The SDA box can be wall mounted, in a communications closet or sited on a desk. 7.2.1. SDA Specifications  Dimensions: 150mm Height x 150mm width x 58.5mm depth  Weight: .65kg  Power Consimption: 6 watts (AC)  Input Voltage: 117-230 Vac 50/60Hz  Output Voltage: 48Vdc  Power Capacity: 50 watts (DC)  Environmental Conditions  Temperature: -25ºC to +55ºC  Humidity: 90% at 30ºC.  Connections  8-pin connector to SPR or BSR (See Table 7-1, page 7-3)  RJ45 socket for Ethernet LAN  RJ45 socket for a PC interface  Optional accessories  Wall mounting kit.

Chapter 7 - Customer Interface Adaptors 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC Issue 03 Draft 02 7-3 of 7-8 Figure 7-1: Subscriber Data Adapter (SDA) The SDA includes lightning arrestors to protect the customer's local network from lightning. The SDA is connected to a standard power outlet (110-240vAC). The units are generally installed indoors in a communications cabinet or mounted on a wall. An SDA can also be placed on a table or shelf next to the customer's communications equipment. Table 7-1 illustrates the data connector pinouts. Table 7-1: Data Connections 8-way Connector J3 J2 1 nc 1 +Tx2 1 +Rx3 2 nc 2 -Tx2 2 -Rx3 3 -48v 3 +Rx2 3 +Tx3 4 +48v 4 nc 4 nc 5 -Tx 5 nc 5 nc 6 +Tx 6 -Rx2 6 -Tx3 7 -Rx 7 nc 7 nc 8 +RX 8 nc 8 nc

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1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC Issue 03 Draft 02 8-1 BSPS The Marconi Base Station Power System (BSPS) supplies the following: • Provides off-line power to sensitive equipment • Charges the battery bank that provides backup power during a mains failure. Thus, this system is essentially a DC-UPS with a battery connected to it. The size of the battery determines the backup and charging time. Since the system is current limited, the maximum battery size is based on that limit. • Monitors the operation and communicates with a PC or a host to provide full (remote) control and indication. Chapter Chapter 8

WipLL System Description 8-2 of 8-16 Issue 03 Draft 02 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC 8.1. General I - LOADTEMPERATURERectifierALARM-48VLOADLOADSHUNTRectifierRectifierV-ControlVOUTI - SUPPLYMAINSDRY CONTACT- INPOWER SYSTEMCONTROLLERDUAL - LVDRS232c.sharingSUPPLYSHUNT Figure 8-1: BSPS Block Diagram As shown in Figure 8-1, 3 rectifiers (or more) are chained in parallel to provide the current capacity needed. The output voltage of the rectifiers feeds the load and charges the batteries through the dual LVD. A dedicated bus that connects all rectifier modules does current sharing. This is done autonomously and not related to the system controller. All rectifiers are sharing a voltage control bus (V-CONTROL) by which it is possible to change the output DC voltage of the system, around the default value of the modules. This bus is controlled by the system controller in order to change the output.

Chapter 8 - BSPS 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC Issue 03 Draft 02 8-3 of 8-16 Another bus (ALARM) sends the information of a faulty rectifier module to the system controller. Two accurate shunt-resistors are contained in the system to monitor the load and the total current. The battery current is then calculated by the controller to be the difference between the two. Two temperature sensors are connected to measure the battery temperature. The average temperature is calculated and demonstrated. The status of the various circuit breakers (CB's) is monitored constantly by using their auxiliary switches. The opening of a CB will result in an audio/visual alarm. When the reason for alarm is removed, the alarm clears and stops. 8.2. Main Rack 8.2.1. Main Rack The main rack is the core of the Full-Redundancy 48VDC-power system. It can contain between one to three rectifiers and a system controller. Listed below are the components that are housed in the main rack (see Figure 8-2). • Rectifier modules • System controller • LVLD contactors (commanded by the system controller) • Load and battery circuit breakers for DC protection and distribution

WipLL System Description 8-4 of 8-16 Issue 03 Draft 02 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC 8.2.2. Front Panel Figure 8-2: BSPS Main Rack - Front Panel The following components are illustrated in Figure 8-3: 1) Adjustable 19”mounting flange 2) Rectifier module 3) System controller module 4) Line breaker 5) Battery breaker 6) Load breakers 8.2.3. Rear Panel The following components are shown in Figure 8-4: 1) LINE IN - AC line input terminations 2) LINE OUT - connection for the extension rack (when exists)

Chapter 8 - BSPS 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC Issue 03 Draft 02 8-5 of 8-16 3) COMM - data and communication connection for extension rack 4) P.S. EXT - DC connection to the extension rack 5) LVD BYPASS - connection for the DC distribution rack 6) TEMP SENSOR - temperature sensor terminals (four wires) 7) GND - Ground terminal Figure 8-3: BSPS Main Rack - Rear Panel 8.3. Extension Rack (optional) 8.3.1. Overview The extension rack is optional and is used only for getting more power from the system. It can house up to 6 rectifiers. A fully equipped system with the extension contains 9 rectifiers with a total capability of 54A output current.

WipLL System Description 8-6 of 8-16 Issue 03 Draft 02 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC 8.3.2. Front Panel Figure 8-4: BSPS Extension Rack - Front Panel The following are the components illustrated in Figure 8-4: 1) Rectifier module 2) Rectifier load bar graph 3) Rectifier status green LED 4) Rectifier module fasteners

Chapter 8 - BSPS 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC Issue 03 Draft 02 8-7 of 8-16 8.3.3. Rear Panel Figure 8-5: BSPS Extension Rack - Rear Panel The following are the components specified in Figure 8-5: 1) LINE IN - AC line input terminations 2) COMM - data and communication connection to the main rack 3) P.S. EXT - DC connection to the main rack 4) GND - Ground terminal 8.4. DC Distribution Rack (optional) 8.4.1. Overview This section is optional and provides more circuit-breakers (CB's) for the sake of distributing the output current to more separate consumers. This rack contains as well a bypass switch to bypass the LVD. When this switch is activated the battery is no longer protected against deep discharge and the system controller alarm will be thus activated.

WipLL System Description 8-8 of 8-16 Issue 03 Draft 02 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC The distribution rack also contains the terminations for connecting to other parts of the system (main and extension racks). 8.4.2. Front Panel Figure 8-6: BSPS DC Distribution Rack - Front Panel 8.4.3. Rear Panel Figure 8-7: BSPS DC Distribution Rack - Rear Panel

Chapter 8 - BSPS 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC Issue 03 Draft 02 8-9 of 8-16 8.5. Basic Rectifier Module The PFC50-6 rectifier module is the heart of the Full-Redundancy 48VDC power system. It is a plugged-in module designed specifically for modular systems. The power factor correction (PFC) device at the input enables clean, stable, sinusoidal current consumption from the mains. This converter produces a 382VDC output, which is then converted to the 50V output. A current sharing circuit is responsible for current sharing among the rectifiers. This enables each one of the rectifiers to slightly increase its output voltage. The rectifiers follow the highest output voltage of the rectifiers that are used. For example: There are 2 rectifiers in the system, one of the rectifiers has an output voltage that is greater than that of the other rectifier. The rectifier with the higher output voltage will become the master and dictate the output voltage of the total system. The second rectifier raises its voltage slightly until its output current equals the output current of the master rectifier. Hence, one rectifier in the system is the master and the other rectifiers are slaves. When the master rectifier fails to operate, the rectifier with the next highest initial output automatically becomes the new master of the system. Note: The sharing mechanism tends to raise the system’s output voltage. A limit of approximately one-volt of correction is applied to the system. The output current indication is indicated by the LED bar graph shown on the front panel (see Figure 8-8). This bar graph is used to verify current sharing operation, and to indicate the percentage of the full load. An RFI input filter built into the input stage suppresses the generated noise travelling to the line.

WipLL System Description 8-10 of 8-16 Issue 03 Draft 02 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC 8.5.1. Block Diagram Figure 8-8: BSPS Rectifier - Simplified Block Diagram

Chapter 8 - BSPS 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC Issue 03 Draft 02 8-11 of 8-16 8.5.2. Front Panel Figure 8-9: BSPS Rectifier Module - Front Panel Table 8-1: Rectifier Specifications Voltage 90VAC to 270VAC Current (nominal) 1.6A @ 230V / 3.2A @ 115V Frequency 47Hz to 63Hz Power factor (nominal line/load) ≥ 0.993 INPUT Inrush current (at 25°C ambient) < 65A@230V / 33A@115V Voltage (default) 53.5VDC Regulation (line & load) (1) ± 0.4% Adjustable range 47 to 58 VDC OUTPUT Current 6A @ 54V

WipLL System Description 8-12 of 8-16 Issue 03 Draft 02 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC Ripple & noise 50mVp-p 8.6. System Controller Module 8.6.1. Front Panel Figure 8-10: BSPS System Controller - Front Panel Description: AC - Input AC voltage is normal (green) DC - Output DC voltage is normal (green)

Chapter 8 - BSPS 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC Issue 03 Draft 02 8-13 of 8-16 LVD - Low Voltage Disconnect circuit is open (battery is disconnected, red) BATT - Battery test passed (green) FAULT - General alarm fault (red-continuous), Faulty rectifier (red-blinks) BATT TEST - Manual battery test, use a pencil tip to initiate ALARM OFF - Silences the internal buzzer, use a pencil tip RESET - Resetting the controller, use a pencil tip RS232 - Connector for the host 8.6.2. Main Functions The 1004 system controller supports these functions: 1) RS232 communication with a host 2) Controlling dual-LVD for managing two branches of batteries. LVD voltages are settable and nonvolatile 3) Boost/Float charging, voltages are settable and nonvolatile 4) Battery test for two branches 5) Three dry-contacts for alarm, user-defined 6) Audio-visual alarm 7) LED's indicators for AC, DC, LVD, battery and general fault 8) Optional: 2x3 digits display for system voltage/current metering 9) Faulty rectifier detection 10) Open breakers detection (any of them) 11) LVD bypass activation alarm

WipLL System Description 8-14 of 8-16 Issue 03 Draft 02 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC 12) Abnormal condition detection (AC, DC, battery, over-temperature etc.) 8.6.3. Host Communication The detailed protocol of communication is described in section 8.7 Communication Protocol & Data, page 8-14. The RS232 plug, located at the front panel is used for the connection with the host. pin assignment for the DB9 connector is as follows: 1569RxTxCOMRS232 Figure 8-11: DB9 Connector 8.7. Communication Protocol & Data 1) The host and the controller communicate in Half-Duplex RS232 9600.N.1 RX, TX, COM lines, no flow control (neither h/w nor s/w). 2) The HOST is always the MASTER, and the controller is always a slave. 3) Data is binary with no dedicated control chars. 4) Data transmitted by each end has a constant length. 5) There are 3 elements for data reliability: 3 bytes - header. 6) 1 byte - checksum. 7) 3 bytes - termination. 8) Upon reception of a valid packet, the controller will respond in 50mSec as of the end of the received packet.

Chapter 8 - BSPS 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC Issue 03 Draft 02 8-15 of 8-16 9) Upon a reception of a header start (0xAC) there will be a start of a reception window 500mSec long. In case that a valid packet has been received it will be processed. Otherwise, the controller will initialize the reception counter. This protocol provides the user with the ability of controlling the power system parameters as well as retrieving data and status from the system. 8.7.1. Master The master sends its packet including header, opcode, data, checksum and termination. The 4-byte opcode bit-combination gives the user the ability to perform one or more functions at the same time. The 32-byte data to be sent should include relevant data according to the operation, set as an opcode by the user. 8.7.2. Slave The slave responds as soon as a valid packet is received including header, received opcode, received_checksum, id, data, checksum and termination. The received_opcode is the last received opcode from the master. The received_checksum is the last received checksum from the master. The 4-byte id consists of 3 pre-programmed bytes and an additional byte that can be programmed by the master. The 32-byte data always include all the data/status that the user may request, meaning that every transaction from the master to the slave will always result with retrieving all possible data that the slave is able to provide. NOTE: The data retrieved in a transaction does not include the changes made by the host in its command (if any). Another retrieval should take place in order to get the values that were affected in the previous command.

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1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC Issue 03 Draft 02 9-1 of 9-6 Appendix 9.1. New Features – Release 2.0.1 S/N Feature Remarks 1 9.2. New Features – Release 1.4 S/N Feature Remarks 2 BSPS Provides power to the Base Station 3 Improved QoS Eight (8) priorities 4 Bandwidth limitations Each SPR may have a max. bit rate 5 SNMP support for BSDU MIB-II and private MIB Via WipManage 6 IntraCom Traffic among SPRs can be centrally monitored or not 7 Configuring IP on the air More IP addressing related flexibility of the network 8 Default configurations via WipConfig & WipManage 9 RSSI analysis in WipConfig 9.3. BSPS • Base Station Power System (BSPS) is released as part of a cabinet, to provide power to the BSDUs at the base station. Chapter 9

WipLL System Description 9-2 of 9-6 Issue 03 Draft 02 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC 9.4. Improved Quality of Service (QoS)  QoS is the ability to recognize the type of transmission and assign optimal resources accordingly. This is especially important for VoIP applications, that are sensitive to delay and jitter and should therefore be prioritized over other applications.  QoS is used for packets leaving the SPRs towards the BSR as well as among SPRs making sure that the BSR assigns the correct priority to the correct SPR.  WipLL 1.4 now provides eight (8) levels of priority: 0 through 7. Priorities are based on source IP address or ranges of addresses, destination IP address or ranges of addresses, protocol type (UDP, TCP, ICMP) and TCP/UDP ports which actually define the applications, such as a WEB application on port 80).  When a packet arrives from the Ethernet network to an SPR, the system recognizes the type of the packet and assigns it with a Time-To-Live (TTL) value.  TTL determines which packets go first, where packets share the same priority.  Each packet is marked whether critical or not, to determine if it should be sent when TTL expires or it should be dropped.  Higher priority packets always go first regardless of the TTL of lower priority packets. 9.5. Bandwidth limitations The BSR receives and transmits data to multiple SPRs. Using WipManage the user can set the maximum bandwidth values for different SPRs. With good planning and minimal system congestion, each SPR can use the maximum defined bandwidth, so long as does not exceed the maximum overall bandwidth. In a congested network, the real maximum bandwidth for an SPR cannot reach the defined value, but is still in proportion to the value configured. For example, an SPR

Chapter 9 - Appendix 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC Issue 03 Draft 02 9-3 of 9-6 that is set to a maximum of 256Kbps can reach a maximum bandwidth significantly larger than the maximum standard bandwidth of an SPR set to a 64Kbps. 9.6. SNMP support for BSDU The BSDU is a major building block in a base station site. As such it is required to be remotely managed by WipManage. As part of release 1.4, WipManage now supports the BSDU that has an SNMP agent and supports Management Information Base II (MIB-II) and private MIB. 9.7. IntraCom The enabling/disabling IntraCom feature provides an option of controlling the packets transferred among SPRs with the help of a router or a firewall connected to the BSR in the base station:  If IntraCom is allowed, traffic can be routed among the SPRs (via the BSR) without the involvement of any external router or firewall.  If IntraCom is not allowed, then traffic among SPRs is routed via the BSR to a central router or firewall. The central router or firewall controls the traffic. This capability is often requested by users interested in central control of the traffic among sites, for reasons such as security. 9.8. Configuring IP on the air The IP addresses of the air ports of BSRs and SPRs can be configured by the user Previous releases do not allow this configuration. The IP addresses of the air ports were fixed IP addresses from the range of 192.168.0.0 . This feature now increases the flexibility of WipLL, permits more efficient use of IP addresses in the user’s network and often avoids a need of changing IP addresses in pre-existing networks. For example a user that uses private IP addresses from the

WipLL System Description 9-4 of 9-6 Issue 03 Draft 02 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC range of 192.168.0.0 does not have to change IP addresses in the network when installing WipLL. 9.9. Default configurations via WipConfig & WipManage In order to simplify WipLL’s configuration and installation, release 1.4 provides 2 layers of default configurations for SPRs: 1. Customer defaults – located in ROM and loaded during manufacturing. These parameters are customer specific. 2. Protected parameters – basic parameters that enable connectivity of the SPR such as its IP address, subnet mask and community strings. Undo operation enables restoring to the previous parameter settings. 9.10. RSSI analysis in WipConfig WipConfig shows the RSSI value of each SPR. The RSSI value provides important RF-related information when installing WipLL. 9.11. What is RFC 1918? Address allocation permits full network layer connectivity among all hosts inside an enterprise as well as among all public hosts of different enterprises. The cost of using private internet address space is the potentially costly effort to renumber hosts and networks between public and private. The industry standard is that whenever possible, users of unregistered (or "dirty") networks use the reserved addresses in RFC 1918 on any networks inside the firewall. The RFC 1918 addresses that can be used are:  Class A: 10.x.x.x

Chapter 9 - Appendix 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC Issue 03 Draft 02 9-5 of 9-6  Class B range: 172.16.0.0-172.31.0.0  Class C range: 192.168.1.x-192.168.254.x The advantages of using these numbers on the inside of the firewall are twofold:  Internal IP networks can now be “grown” without fear of running out of addresses  There is no longer a risk of inadvertantly using other networks’ legitimate addresses. For example, if arbitrarily using the Class C range of 192.31.7.0 for network addresses on the inside of your firewall, you will find that your computers will never be able to connect to another machine having a legitimate IP address such as 192.31.7.31, because the hosts will forever be trying to reach a machine on the inside of your firewall that does not exist.

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1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC Issue 03 Draft 05 1 INDEX A Audio/visual alarm, 8-3 B Base Station, 9-1 Distribution Unit, 1-6, 5-1 Giving Partial Cover, 1-8 Power System, 9-1 Radio, 1-6, 1-7, 5-1, 6-2 Sector, 1-9 Site, 1-1 Units, 1-6 Basic Rectifier Front panel of, 8-11 Batteries, 8-2 Battery, 8-1, 8-3, 8-7, 8-13 bank, 8-1 circuit breakers, 8-3 size, 8-1 temperature, 8-3 test, 8-13 manual, 8-13 BSPS Block Diagram, 8-2 DC Distribution Rack, 8-8 Extension Rack, 8-6, 8-7 Main Rack, 8-4, 8-5 Rectifier, 8-10, 8-11 System Controller, 8-12 BSR Redundancy, 1-8 BSRs IP addresses of air ports of, 9-3 C Communication Protocol 8 .8, 8-14 Communications equipment customer's, 7-3 D DB15 connector, 4-2, 4-4, 5-2, 6-3, 6-4 DB9 connector, 4-4, 5-2, 6-4, 8-14 DC Distribution Rack, 8-7 E Ethernet connection, 1-3 hub, 7-1 network, 9-2 port, 1-10 F Firewall, 9-3, 9-4, 9-5 Front Panel, 8-4, 8-6, 8-8, 8-11, 8-12

WipLL System Description 2 of 4 Issue 03 Draft 05 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC H Housing development, 1-8 I Internet address space, 9-4 Internet Protocol, 1-2, 7-1 packets, 2-1 IntraCom feature, 9-3 IP Telephony gateway, 7-1 L LED bar graph, 8-9 Low Voltage Disconnect circuit, 8-13 M Maintenance Manual, 1-9 Management Information Base II, 9-3 Management Information Bases proprietary, 2-5 Marconi Base Station Power System, 8-1 Mbytes/s air link, 1-7 N Network Operations Center, 1-1 O Opcode, 8-15 P P.S. EXT, 8-7 Permits full network layer connectivity Address allocation, 9-4 PFC50-6 rectifier, 8-9 Pinouts connector, 7-3 Preemptive Polling Multiple Access protocol, 2-7 Q Quality of Service functions, 1-5 R Radio, 1-2, 1-5, 3-2 bandwidth, 4-1 communications, 1-6 frequencies, 7-1 link, 1-2 transceivers, 1-2 Rear Panel, 8-5, 8-7, 8-8 Received_checksum, 8-15 Received_opcode, 8-15 Rectifier, 8-9 Faulty, 8-13 Rectifier load bar graph, 8-6 Rectifier module, 8-3 PFC50-6, 8-9 Rectifier module fasteners, 8-6 Rectifier modules, 8-2 Rectifier Specifications, 8-11

$INDEX 1QDF10134AAP-SYD-FCC Issue 03 Draft 05 3 of 4 Rectifier status, 8-6 Rectifiers, 8-2, 8-5, 8-9 Release 1.4, 1-1 RFC 1918, 9-4 RFI input filter, 8-9 RS232 communication, 8-13 RSSI value of each SPR, 9-4 S Settable, 8-13 Simple Network Management Protocol, 1-3 Simplified Block Diagram, 8-10 Slotted Aloha process, 2-9 SPR connectivity of, 9-4 SPR set, 9-3 Steel flexible conduit, 6-11 Subscriber Data Adapter, 6-1, 7-1, 7-3 Subscriber Premises, 1-1 Subscriber Premises Equipment, 1-5 Subscriber Premises Radio, 1-10, 2-7, 6-1 T TCP/UDP ports, 9-2 Telecom backbone, 1-6 network, 1-2 Telephony adapter, 7-1 service, 2-1 signals, 7-1 Telephony service toll quality, 1-1 Time Division Multiple Access, 4-1, 6-2 Transceiver, 1-2 Transceivers, 1-2 radio, 1-2 TTL of lower priority packets, 9-2 W Windows 95, 1-10 Windows NT, 1-10 WipConfig, 9-1 WipConfig & WipManage, 9-4 WipLL broadband cellular wireless system, 1-1 hardware, 1-1 network management tool, 1-10 system, 1-1, 1-4, 1-5 unit, 1-10 WipManage \i, 9-1 Wireless Access system broadband fixed cellular, 1-1$

Airspan Networks MARCONI4 Wireless IP-Based Local Loop System User Manual Revised Manual

Airspan Networks Inc Wireless IP-Based Local Loop System Revised Manual

Revised Manual

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