Andrew Wireless Innovations Group BCP-TFAM23 Model TFAM23 Downlink Booster User Manual MN024 04 rev3

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PLU S
User Manual
MN024-04
MN024-04
¤ Copyright Tekmar Sistemi Srl
Tekmar Sistemi Srl
An Andrew Company
Via De Crescenzi 40
48018 Faenza RA
Tel: (+39) 0546 697111
Fax: (+39) 0546 682768
www.andrew.com
This publication is issued to provide outline information and is not aimed to
be part of any offer and contract.
The Company has a policy of continuous product development and
improvement and we therefore reserve the right to vary information quoted
without prior notice.
System and Customer care is available world-wide through our network of
Experts.
The company is certified ISO 9001 and ISO14000.
User Manual
INDEX
1.
Introducing Britecell Plus
1.1
The Features
1.2
Britecell Plus brief Description
1.3
Britecell Plus Features
1.4
Britecell Plus typical Applications
2.
Equipment Overview
10
2.1.
The Remote Unit TFAxxx and relevant TKA installation kit
11
2.2.
The Britecell Plus Master Unit
12
2.3.
Block diagrams
15
3.
Remote Unit TFAxxx
18
4.
Master Unit
32
4.1.
19” Subrack TPRNxy
33
4.2.
Local Unit TFLN
47
4.3.
2-way splitter TLCN2
57
4.4.
4-way splitter TLCN4
60
4.5.
RF diplexer TLDN
63
4.6.
RF triplexer TLTN
66
4.7.
RF duplexer THYN
69
4.8.
RF attenuator TBSI
72
4.9.
Digital RF attenuator TDI
75
Power limiter TMPx-10
79
4.10.
5.
Optional equipment and accessories
82
5.1.
WLAN interface TWLI
83
5.2.
Amplifier TWANx
86
5.3.
WLAN booster TFBWx
89
5.4.
Remote power supply TRS/TRSN
93
MN024-04
4
User Manual
1. Introducing
Britecell Plus
MN024-04
1.1 The Features
Britecell Plus is an innovative platform designed in order to provide an effective and flexible
coverage to a large variety of indoor scenarios.
Thanks to its high modularity, its low power consumption, and its full-transparency to protocols and
modulation formats, Britecell Plus is the perfect plug&play solution to distribute any wireless
standard (including GSM, GPRS, EDGE, CDMA, WCDMA, and WLAN IEEE 802.11b) to the inbuilding environments requiring reliable and interference-free communications, as well as high
traffic capacity and maximum flexibility about future expansions.
These unique features make the Britecell Plus platform suitable also for applications to critical areas
experiencing difficulties in establishing and keeping phone calls, while its compact design always
guarantees a minimum aesthetic impact.
1.2 Britecell Plus brief Description
Britecell Plus is a Distributed Antenna System (DAS) based on the Radio-over-Fibre (RoF)
technology, and capable of carrying wireless mobile signals through the 400 MHz- 2500 MHz
frequency range regardless of their protocol and their modulation format.
The system has two basic components, a Master Unit and a Remote Unit. The Master Unit is made
of one or more subracks typically connected to the BTS (Base Tranceiver Station) through either a
repeater (RF interface) or a coaxial cable.
Each Remote Unit is connected with a dedicated pair of single-mode optical fibres (one for UL and
one for DL) to the Master Unit. These optical fibres work on 1310 nm wavelenght and provide low
losses and almost unlimited bandwidth, available for future system developments.
Britecell Plus is a modular system whose basic components are:
x one Master Unit made of one or more subracks, each providing 12 module slots. Each slot
can host either an active or a RF passive device (chosen among the wide range of Britecell
Plus options), in order to meet the planned design requirements;
x a variable number of Remote Units (TFAxxx), whose function is feeding the antenna passive
network;
x a proper number of indoor antennas, suitable to provide radio coverage to the area. Britecell
Plus is fully compatible with any type of indoor antennas;
x the optical cables required to connect the 19” subracks to the TFAxxx.
12
BTS
RF interface
TFLN
Two F.O. per RU
REMOTE
UNIT
Fig. 1: Britecell Plus system block diagram.
User Manual
1.3 Britecell Plus Features
The following lines report a brief summary of Britecell Plus main features:
x multiband 2G, 2.5G and 3G – 802.11b WLAN compatible: Britecell Plus is completely
transparent to any transmission protocol and modulation format, and it can distribute any 2G,
2.5G, 3G wireless standard. In addition, a special option allows to carry also the WLAN
(802.11b/g) service over the same infrastructure;
x modular configuration for flexible design: by properly setting some parameters like the
amount of RUs and the antenna locations, the Britecell Plus architecture can follow the
environment specific features in order to obtain the most effective radio-coverage of the
indoor area. The modularity of the system allows easy modifications for future growth and
increasing traffic;
x easy to install: the intelligent plug & play Britecell Plus system includes an Automatic Gain
Control (AGC), that eliminates system gain variations regardless of optical loss. This avoids
the need for field adjustments, thus reducing design, installation and optimization time.
x low-power consumption: establishing a “quasi line-of-sight propagation” towards all
mobile phones inside the area, Britecell Plus works with extremely low power levels. Low
power levels have two great advantages: 1) allow mobile phones to work at lower power
levels, thus limiting the radiated emissions and increasing their battery life; 2) allow a better
control of interference effects between adiacent cells.
x central supervision functions: all individual alarms of Britecell Plus system are stored in an
internal flash memory, and available to both local and remote connections. Detailed alarm
information is provided by special software (i.e. by Supervision or Maintenance software
tools) running on a locally connected host, as well as any information about alarm status and
alarm history is available to remote connections via TCP/IP protocols, SNMP agent, or
HTTP servers. This alarm information is visible also by means of LEDs present on the front
panels of both the MU and the RUs;
x multiple-carriers system: there are no restrictions on the number of carriers that the
Britecell Plus can convey. Obviously, the more carriers per service, the less power per
carrier;
x remote power supply: in case mains cannot be used for the Remote Units, Britecell Plus
offers a centralised power supply option, which distributes both a DC low-voltage (- 48)
power and the optical signals through a composite fibre optic/copper cable;
x wide variety of RF passive devices: the connections between the DAS and the local BTSs
can be arranged so as to get the best fit for customers needs. Britecell Plus equipment
provides RF splitters/combiners, multi-band duplexer/triplexer, attenuators, couplers for
UL/DL paths, thus allowing the maximum design flexibility
x high reliability: the MTBF (Mean Time Between Failure) is estimated to be 300000 hours.
MN024-04
1.4 Britecell Plus typical Applications
Thanks to its unique features Britecell Plus is the ideal solution to set up radio coverage in may
situations:
x Multi operator shared infrastructure: each mobile operator has its own carriers, which
must be transported without affecting the others. Britecell Plus is capable of transmitting
multiple carriers simultaneously, while providing an independent level adjustment for each
of them, ensuring maximum performance and reducing infrastructure costs
x High rise buildings: RF signals from surrounding macrocells or external BTSs are usually
quite strong inside high rise buildings, and cause so much interference that indoor mobile
communications often become impossible. By strategically placing antennas along the
exterior walls of the building, the signal to noise ratio can be optimised. This interference
control solves many problems, such as the “ping pong” effect that sometimes is experienced
when a mobile frequently changes from an indoor to an outdoor coverage.
x Exhibition, conventions, and shopping centres: the critical point of these environments is
due to the high traffic loads, which are furthermore highly variable. Thus, the main goal to
achieve is setting up a radio coverage which could effectively manage these variable traffic
loads, with neither undervalued nor overvalued infrastructure expenses. A unique feature of
Britecell Plus is that RF frequencies can be allocated quickly when and where they are
needed, thus reducing the implementation cost. This makes Britecell Plus the proper solution
also for temporary or last minute requests (such as conferences).
x Airports: they require modular and flexible radio coverage, in order to meet present needs
while foreseeing future expansions. Britecell Plus can manage high traffic loads providing
high quality with minimum environmental impact, while its modularity allows future
extensibility.
x Corporate Building: inside a corporate building, difficult mobile communications may limit
business transactions. These environments are often complex and densely populated with
specific requirements to be fulfilled: high traffic capacity, maximum expectations on Quality
of service, full compatibility with wireless standards and future expandability. Britecell Plus
guarantees high quality radio coverage under all conditions, while maintaining maximum
flexibility in managing any traffic condition.
x Subways and Highly Dense Metropolitan Areas: These areas are distinguished by large
distances, and may require that RUs are placed far away from the BTSs. Britecell Plus
guarantees the signal integrity at distances up to 3 km, and through the wideband
interconnect link option distances of 20 km can be reached. Moreover, these environments
need gradual investments, because initially operators provide radio coverage only in the
busiest areas, and then extend it in order to reach complete coverage. The modularity of
Britecell Plus helps operators to gradually expand the system. Some large cities often need to
set up seamless and reliable radio systems for emergency services. The required RF
infrastructure needs to be unobstrusive and environmental friendly; this can be achieved
using a Britecell Plus DAS. When redundancy is required, two interleaved Britecell Plus
systems can be used, management and supervision for these systems can be remotely
established by means of an external modem and an open protocol such as SNMP.
1.5 Health and Safety Warnings
IMPORTANT NOTE: To comply with FCC RF exposure compliance requirements, the following
antenna installation and device operating configurations must be satisfied: A separation distance of
at least 35 cm must be maintained between the antenna of this device and all persons. RF exposure
compliance may need to be addressed at the time of licensing, as required by the responsible FCC
User Manual
Bureau(s), including antenna co-location requirements of 1.1307(b)(3). Maximum permissible
antenna gain is:
Britecell Plus TFAM Remotes: 10dBi.
1.6 Britecell Plus Operation with Multiple RF Channels
The Manufacturer's rated output power of this equipment is for single carrier operation. For situations
when multiple carrier signals are present, the rating would have to be reduced by 3.5 dB, especially
where the output signal is re-radiated and can cause interference to adjacent band users. This power
reduction is to be by means of input power or gain reduction and not by an attenuator at the output of
the device.
MN024-04
2. Equipment
Overview
10
User Manual
2.1. The Remote Unit TFAxxx and relevant TKA installation kit
The TFAxxx is a device providing optical-to-electrical downlink conversion and electrical-to-optical
uplink conversion, thus allowing a bidirectional transmission of signals between one TFLN and the
remote antennas. It is available in 3 versions (low-power, medium-power, and high-power), each
designed in order to support different output power levels on RF antenna ports.
Fig. 2: Different Remote Unit cases
In downlink each TFAxxx receives an optical signal from the TFLN, performs an optical-to-RF
conversion, and transmits the resulting signal to the 2 antenna ports.
In uplink it receives a RF signal from remote antennas, provides a RF-to-optical conversion, and
conveys the converted signal to the TFLN over the optical fibres.
Fig. 3: TKA mounting kit for low and medium power remote units
Each TFAxxx can be provided with an optional TKA installation kit, which contains a fibre optics
splice holder and a compact case for an easy installation of the TFAxxx on walls or poles.
Moreover, the TKA compact cases are able to provide the TFAxxx with the different IP protection
levels, depending on the specific environmental requirements.
MN024-04
11
2.2. The Britecell Plus Master Unit
Below are listed the Britecell Plus modules. For further details about these components, refer to the
next chapters of this manual.
The Sub-rack (TPRN) is a 19” subrack hosting
the Britecell Plus modules; it accommodates 12
slots, whose sizes are 7 TE x 4 HE. As each
Britecell Plus module takes up one or two slots,
each Master Unit can sustain up to 12 modules,
depending on design configuration and
requirements.
The Local Unit (TFLN): in downlink it provides
an RF-to-optical conversion of the signal coming
from the BTS, and transmits it to 4 optical
outputs, so as to feed 4 TFAxxx. In uplink it
provides optical-to-RF conversion for 4 optical
signals coming from RUs, and it combines them
into a single RF output, while providing automatic
gain control in order to balance the fibre losses.
Module dimensions:
Width = 7TE, Height = 4HE (one slot in the
Master Unit).
The duplexer (THYN): it combines the downlink
(DL) and uplink (UL) paths into a single one,
while maintaining the required isolation. The
module dimensions are: Width = 7TE, Height =
4HE.
The variable RF attenuators (TBSI and TDI):
they provide independent attenuations (adjustable
from 0 to 30dB, with 1dB steps) on uplink and
downlink RF paths, and allow the designer to
optimize the signal level close to the BTSs. TBSI
is an override attenuator, while TDI is a digital
attenuator also providing 20dB gain on the UL
path. Their dimensions are:
12
User Manual
TBSI: Width = 7TE, Height = 4HE, i.e. a 1-slot
space
TDI: Width =14TE, Height= 4HE, i.e. a 2-slot
space
The RF diplexer (TLDN): in downlink it
combines a low band RF signal (800 to 1000
MHz) and a high band RF signal (1700 to 2500
MHz) into a common RF port; in uplink it splits a
composite signal between a low band RF port and
a high band RF port. Module dimensions: Width
= 7 TE, Height = 4 HE (one slot).
The RF triplexer (TLTN): in downlink it
combines the low band signals (800 or 900MHz),
the 1800MHz band signal and UMTS signal into
a common one; in uplink it splits the triple band
signal between three different RF single band
paths. Module dimensions: Width = 7 TE, Height
= 4 HE (one slot).
The RF splitters/combiners (TLCN2 and
TLCN4): TLCN2 is a 2-way splitter/combiner.
TLCN4 is a 4-way splitter/combiner. They can
be used in a variety of different situations, such
as:
x To connect a BTS with several LUs. In
uplink the TLCN2 (or TLCN4) combines 2
(4) RF signals coming from different LUs
onto a common RF signal, entering the BTS.
In downlink the TLCN2 (or TLCN4) splits
the downlink composite RF signal coming
from the BTS onto 2 (4) RF ports, entering
different Local Units;
x To connect several BTSs to a LU. In
downlink the TLCN2 (TLCN4) combines
the RF signals coming from different BTSs
onto a common RF signal, entering the LU.
MN024-04
13
In uplink TLCN2 (TLCN4) splits the
composite RF signal coming from a LU into
2 (4) RF signals entering different BTSs.
The WLAN interface board (TWLI):.it connects
3 WLAN Access Points to each TFLN, and it is
necessary when 802.11b WLAN distribution
through the DAS is required. Dimensions: Width
= 14 TE, Height = 4HE (2 slots).
The wideband amplifier (TWANxx): it is an
amplifier used to interface low power base
stations to Britecell system. Its purpose is to
amplify both DL and UL signals in order to
compensate losses of passive combiners and
splitters. Dimensions: Width = 7 TE, Height =
4HE.
The power limiters (TMPx-10): it monitors the
DL power coming from the BTS, and attenuates
it by 10 dB in case of overcoming of a
programmable threshold level.
TMP2-10 Power Limiter is for 2G and 2.5G
signals, working at 900 MHz and 1800 MHz.
TMP3-10 Power Limiter is for 3G signals.
Both modules are 7TE wide and 4HE high.
The SNMP agent (TSUNx): it is able to control
up to 14 master units. It is available both as a
plug-in module (Width = 14 TE, Height = 4HE,
2 slots) and as stand alone device (Width= 19”,
Height=1HE). It consists in a CPU, a flash
memory and an Interface Board.
14
User Manual
2.3. Block diagrams
To better understand the functions of the different units and modules, two block diagrams of the
Britecell Plus system are reported here.
The first diagram (Fig. 4) refers to the case of duplexed BTSs, ie. BTS conveying both the downlink
and uplink signals on a single RF port. In this case, a THYN module is required to combine the
uplink and downlink paths on a single RF port. The second diagram (Fig. 5) refers to the case of notduplexed BTSs, ie BTSs conveying the uplink and the downlink connections on separate RF ports.
Table 2.1 shows an overview of Britecell Plus equipment, including all the modules and the units
stated above.
For more information about the single units and/or the single modules, please refer to the following
sections.
TFAx
TFAx
TFLN
TFAx
Triple-band system – duplexed BTSs – 8 TFLN
TFAx
TFLN
GSM
900
BTS
Fixed
Atten
THYN
91
TFAx
TFAx
TFAx
TFAx
TFAx
TBSI
TLCN4
TFAx
TFLN
TFAx
TFAx
TFAx
TFAx
TFLN
GSM
1800
BTS
Fixed
Atten
THYN
18
TFAx
TFAx
TBSI
TLTN
TLCN2
TFAx
TFAx
TFLN
TFAx
TFAx
TFAx
TFAx
TFLN
UMTS
BTS
Fixed
Atten
THYN
20
TFAx
TBSI
TFAx
TFAx
TLCN4
TFAx
TFLN
TFAx
TFAx
TFAx
TFAx
TFLN
TFAx
TFAx
DL - UL
splitting /
combining
Level
adjustment
Services
combining /
splitting
Signal splitting /
combining
Electrical / optical
conversion
3 km max
optical link
Optical/electrical
conversion
Fig. 4: Block diagram for a triple band system with 8 TFLN fully populated of TFAxxx, and
duplexed base stations.
MN024-04
15
TFAx
TFAx
TFLN
TFAx
Triple-band system – not duplexed BTSs – 8 TFLN local units
TFAx
TFAx
TFAx
TFLN
GSM
900
BTS
TFAx
Fixed
Atten.
TFAx
TFAx
TLCN
TBSI
TFAx
TFLN
TFAx
TFAx
TFAx
TFAx
TFLN
GSM
1800
BTS
TFAx
Fixed
Atten.
TFAx
TBSI
TLTN
TFAx
TLCN
TFAx
TFLN
TFAx
TFAx
TFAx
UMTS
BTS
TFAx
TFLN
Fixed
Atten.
TFAx
TBSI
TFAx
TFAx
TLCN
TFAx
TFLN
TFAx
TFAx
TFAx
TFAx
TFLN
TFAx
TFAx
Level
adjustment
Services
combining /
splitting
Signal splitting /
combining
Electrical / optical
conversion
3 km max
optical link
Optical / electrical
conversion
Fig. 5: block diagram for a triple band system with 8 TFLN fully populated, and nonduplexed base stations.
16
User Manual
Unit or
Module name
Description
Dimensions
TFAxxx case-A
TFAxxx case-B
TFAxxx case-F
Remote unit
Remote unit
Remote unit
240 x 200 x 38
240 x 240 x 38
445 x 255 x 167
TKA01
TKA02
TKA04
RU installation kit
RU installation kit
RU installation kit
280 x 240 x 55
305 x 270 x 58
340 x 240 x 55
TPRN04
TPRNx4
passive subrack
active subrack
19” x 4HE
19” x 4HE
TFLNx
Local unit
7TE x 4HE
TLCN2/4
2/4-way splitter
7TE x 4HE
TBSI2-30
adjustable attenuator
7TE x 4HE
TDI2-30
digital adjustable attenuator
14TEx4HE
THYNx
UL/DL duplexer
7TE x 4HE
TLDNx
diplexer
7TE x 4HE
TLTNx
triplexer
7TE x 4HE
TMPx-10
10 dB power limiter
7TE x 4HE
TWLI
WLAN interface
14TE x 4HE
TFBW
WLAN booster
240 x 200 x 38
TSUN1 or TSUN3 SNMP agent standalone
TSUN6
SNMP agent plug in
19” x 1HE
14TE x 4HE
Tab. 1: Overview of all Britecell Plus available modules and units
MN024-04
17
3. Remote Unit
TFAxxx
18
User Manual
Main processes carried out by the TFAxxx:
Module name:
Remote Unit
TFAxxx
Case A
x In Downlink (DL) operations:
¾Optical-to-RF conversion of the input optical signal
¾Automatic Gain Control (AGC) of each converted signal, in order to
compensate optical losses (provided they are < 4dB);
¾RF amplification: the converted RF signal is boosted in order to
maintain a good signal-to-noise ratio
¾RF filtering: a proper filter rejects the spurious emissions which lie
out of the Downlink band
¾RF duplexing and splitting: the boosted RF signal is conveyed to 2
antenna ports
x In Uplink (UL) operations:
¾RF amplification: a low noise amplifier boosts the signal received
from antennas so as to maintain a good signal-to-noise ratio
¾RF filtering: the boosted signal is cleaned from the spurious
emissions which lie out of the Uplink band
¾Automatic Level Control (ALC): the RF signal level is adjusted
according to the blocking requirements
¾RF-to-optical conversion of the signal, which is finally conveyed to
the output optical port.
RF ports:
x 2 RF antenna ports,
transmitting/receiving
signals to/from
distributed antennas.
RF antenna ports are
duplexed N-female
connectors. These RF
ports can be connected
to distributed antennas
either directly (i.e.
through RF jumper
cables) or through
external TLCN passive
splitters, thus allowing
more antennas to be
fed. Unused RF ports
are to be terminated
with a 50 ȍ load.
x 1 RF auxiliary input
and 1 auxiliary output
(designed to receive
and transmit additional
signals like WLAN by
means of proper
booster TWBA).
Auxiliary input and
output ports are SMAfemale connectors.
Warm side
Green LED = power on
Red LED = major alarm
Power
Supply
(ext.adapter)
External
alarm
inputs
RF
antenna
port (N-f)
RF auxiliary
channel output
(SMA-f)
UL optical
port
(SC-APC)
DL optical
port
(SC-APC)
RF
antenna
port (N-f)
RF auxiliary
channel input
(SMA-f)
Optical ports:
x 1 optical output port, transmitting UL signals to TFLN local unit
x 1 optical input port, receiving DL signals from TFLN local unit
MN024-04
19
Main processes carried out by the TFAxxx:
Module name:
Remote Unit
TFAxxx
Case B
x In Downlink (DL) operations:
¾Optical-to-RF conversion of the input optical signal
¾Automatic Gain Control (AGC) of each converted signal, in order to
compensate optical losses (provided they are < 4dB);
¾RF amplification: the converted RF signal is boosted in order to
maintain a good signal-to-noise ratio
¾RF filtering: a proper filter rejects the spurious emissions which lie
out of the Downlink band
¾RF duplexing and splitting: the boosted RF signal is conveyed to 2
antenna ports
x In Uplink (UL) operations:
¾RF amplification: a low noise amplifier boosts the signal received
from antennas so as to maintain a good signal-to-noise ratio
¾RF filtering: the boosted signal is cleaned from the spurious
emissions which lie out of the Uplink band
¾Automatic Level Control (ALC): the RF signal level is adjusted
according to the blocking requirements
¾RF-to-optical conversion of the signal, which is finally conveyed to
the output optical port.
RF ports:
x 2 RF antenna ports,
transmitting/receiving
signals to/from
Warm side
distributed antennas.
RF antenna ports are
Green LED = power ON
duplexed N-female
Red LED = major alarm
connectors. These RF
ports can be connected
to distributed antennas
either directly (ie.
through RF jumper
cables) or through
external TLCN passive
splitters, thus allowing
Power
more antennas to be
Supply
fed. Unused RF ports
+5 VDC
are to be terminated
External
RF TRx
Alarm
with a 50 ȍ load.
RF auxiliary channel
Port (N-f)
DL optical port
inputs
Input (SMA-f)
x 1 RF auxiliary input
(SC-APC)
and 1 auxiliary output
RF TRx
RF auxiliary channel
UL optical port
(designed to receive
Port (N-f)
Input (SMA-f)
(SC-APC)
and transmit additional
signals like WLAN by
means of proper
booster TWBA).
Auxiliary input and
Optical ports:
output ports are SMAx 1 optical output port, transmitting UL signals to TFLN local unit
female connectors.
x 1 optical input port, receiving DL signals from TFLN local unit
20
User Manual
Visual alarms:
Two control LEDs are
provided on the TFAxxx
front side.
The green LED describes
the power supply status,
while
the
red
LED
describes the major Remote
Unit failures.
TFAxxx LED
Led colour
Red
Green
Meaning
Low optical power at DL input
and/or RF amplifier failure
Power supply status
dry contacts
Dry contact alarms:
TFAxxx is provided with
two dry contacts inputs,
which can be connected
(through .062” MOLEX
plugs) to any external
device (ie. the TFBW
booster). In such a way, the
alarm information about
this external device can be
signalled through the red
LED of TFAxxx LED panel
stated above.
Dry contacts are open under
non-alarm condition
Power supply:
TFAxxx can be powered by universal mains (85/265 Vac) and by negative supply (-72/-36 Vdc).
Power supply adapter is included in the remote unit and can be external or internal according to the
different models and part numbers:
ƒ Case A: internal for all models with only exception of TFAN20 that has external adapter
ƒ Case B: always external adapter for all models
Case A Remote Unit (except TFAN20)
These Remote Units are provided with internal power supply both for the 220VAC option and for the
-48VDC option. As shown in the figure below different power supply connectors are provided for the
two versions:
220VAC version
(IEC connector)
MN024-04
-48VDC version
(4 poles connector)
21
Case B Remote Unit and TFAN20
These Remote Units are provided with external power supply both for the 220VAC option and for the
-48VDC option. As shown in the figure below different power supply are provided for the different
versions each one providing to the remote units the +5VDC power supply through a 3 poles
connector:
220Vac Power Supply
Ground 0 V
Positive +5 VDC
-48Vdc Power Supply
Two versions are available providing
different currents:
ƒ 25W to be used for low power
remote units and TFAN20
ƒ 30W to be used for medium power
and tri-band remote units
Warnings (to be read before remote units are installed)
Dealing with optical output ports
The TFAxxx remote unit contains semiconductor lasers. Invisible laser beams may be emitted from
the optical output ports. Do not look towards the optical ports while equipment is switched on.
Choosing a proper installation site for the remote units
1. TFAxxx Remote Units are to be installed as close as possible to the radiating antennas, in order to
minimize coaxial cable length, thus reducing the downlink power losses and the uplink noise
figure.
x When positioning the TFAxxx remote unit, consider that the placing of the relating antennas
should be decided in order to minimize the Minimum Coupling Loss (MLC),
so as to avoid blocking
x The TFAxxx remote unit is intended to be fixed on walls, false ceilings or other flat vertical
surfaces (TKA installation kits are available, in order to provide a protective cover for TFAxxx
Remote Unit, while making the TFAxxx installation easier and faster).
Handling optical connections
x When inserting an optical connector, take care to handle it so smoothly that the optical fibre is not
damaged. Optical fibres are to be single-mode (SM) 9.5/125µm.
x Typically, Britecell Plus equipment is provided with SC-APC optical connectors (other
connectors may be provided on request). Inserting any other connectors will result in severe
damages.
x Do not force or stretch the fibre pigtail with radius of curvature less than 5 cm. See rightward
figure for optimal fibre cabling.
x Remove the adapter caps only just before making connections. Do not leave any SC-APC adapter
open, as they attract dirt. Unused optical connectors must always be covered with their caps.
22
User Manual
x Do not touch the connector tip. Clean it with a proper tissue before inserting each connector into
the sleeve. In case connector tips need to be cleaned, use pure ethyl alcohol.
WRONG
OPTIMAL
TFAxxx installation instructions
The TFAxxx kit includes:
A. 1 remote unit TFAxxx
B. a 50 ȍ load
and according to the chosen model
C. an external power supply adapter (85-264 Vac or -48 VDC)
D. mains plug or -48 plug
First, drill into the wall so as to install four M4 screw anchors (not included) according to the
dimensions indicated by the installation drawing in fig. 6, 7.
Fix the TFAxxx remote unit to the wall by firmly screwing the anchors.
In case you have purchased a TKA installation kit
so as to preserve your TFAxxx remote unit, a splice
holder is provided with the kit:
1. Fix the splice holder inside the splice tray.
2. Splice the optical fibres and close the splice tray.
3. Take care not to bend the fibres too much.
4. Fix the splice tray inside the splice box.
Note:
If you use your own splice box fix the splice box beside the
TFAxxx
Connect the TFAxxx unit to mains, through a power supply
cable and itsexternal adapter.
MN024-04
23
Fig. 6: CASE A layout with quote for wall anchors
24
User Manual
Fig. 7: CASE B layout with quote for wall anchors
MN024-04
25
Fig. 8: TKA layout with quote for wall anchors
26
User Manual
TFAxxx behaviour at system start-up
Before the TFAxxx remote unit is switched on, make sure that:
x the modules hosted by the Master unit have been connected each other with the RF jumpers,
according to what has been planned in the system design
x every TFLN local unit has been connected to its remote units
x each remote unit has been connected to its coverage antennas
For a correct system start-up, all the remote units are to be switched on before the Master Unit.
For proper operations, the Master Unit can be turned on only when all the remote units are already on.
Once the TFAxxx has been switched on, its behaviour can be summarized in the following steps:
1. when the Remote Unit is turned on, both the LEDs upon the warm side turn on for a couple
of seconds
2. After that, the unit green LED remains on (thus indicating proper power supply), while the
red LED switches off as soon as the Master Unit is turned on (meaning that DL optical
power is OK and no alarms are present).
3. Once the Master Unit has been switched on, the status of both LEDs have to be as reported in
table 2. In case the red LED remains on, please refer to the troubleshooting section.
Led colour
Green
Red
Status and Meaning
ON
(when power supply is on)
OFF
(when no major failure affects TFAxxx operations)
Tab. 2: Status of TFAxxx LEDs in working conditions
4. After being switched on the remote unit starts working correctly. Anyway, in order to be
recognized by the maintenance and supervision software, it is necessary for the corresponding
TFLN local unit to carry out the discovery phase (please refer to Supervision System Manual
for more details). During this phase which can last at max. 4min, depending on the system
complexity, the TFLN LED ňŋ blinks. Do not connect/disconnect any cable or any piece of
equipment during the discovery phase! This may result in failing the identification of the
remote unit.
TFAxxx troubleshooting
Faults can be revealed by LEDS on the TFAxxx front panel as well as by LMT or supervision system
(running on the agent)
Both LMT and supervision system provide full information about the device causing the alarm. As a
consequence, troubleshooting procedure can be very immediate when failure detection is directly
carried out through LMT or supervision system.
Britecell Plus modules are designed in order to exchange information so that each remote unit can
receive failure notifications from its external equipment (e.g. a TFBW booster) through dry-contact
connections. Moreover, the TFAxxx constantly monitors the optical signal received from its TFLN unit
to control optical losses.
The following table reports a brief description of alarms related to each remote unit, together with a
reference to the corresponding alerted LEDs on the triple band remote unit front. Single band and dual
band units have similar alarms, where applicable.
MN024-04
27
Alarm description
Failure on external equipment connected to dry-contact 1
Failure on external equipment connected to dry-contact 2
Internal power supply failure
Breakdown in communications inside the TFAxxx board
The optical power received on DL port is too low (ie, the AGC
can no more compensate the optical losses on DL input signal)
The optical power received on DL port is near to critical level,
but the system still works (ie, AGC still compensates losses)
GSM DL power amplifier failure
DCS DL power amplifier failure
UMTS DL power amplifier failure
Too high TFAxxx temperature
Red LED status Priority
On
High
On
High
On
High
On
High
On
High
No detection
Low
On
On
On
No detection1
High
High
High
Low
Tab. 3: Alarm Description
This temperature alarm can be revealed by supervision or maintenance software if the TFAxxx board overheats.
Keeping environmental conditions between +5°C and +40°.is an important key factor to get a proper TFAxxx
temperature.
As the table shows minor alarms (low priority alarms) are revealed only by LMT or supervision
system, but not by LEDs. Minor alarms detect critical situations which should be checked and tested in
order to avoid future possible system faults.
Each remote unit is provided with an AGC system which comes in after the optical-to-RF conversion.
This AGC can correctly compensate optical losses when these are estimated to be < 3 dB. In case
optical losses are in the 3dB- 4dB range, the whole system still works, but AGC is near to its borderline
levels. The red LED switches on when the estimated optical losses are > 4dB, the AGC not being able
to compensate these losses any more.
As shows in the previous table, the same red LED switches on to reveal any major failure. Following
the troubleshooting procedure reported hereinafter it is possible to better understand what the problem
is.
Main troubleshooting procedure
(The following procedure is summarized by the flow-chart in fig. 8)
In case the red LED is ON, please follow these steps:
1. first of all, refer to dry-contact troubleshooting, so as to understand whether the alarm can depend
on any external equipment failure (e.g. a TFBW booster failure) or not.
2. in case dry-contact troubleshooting has not revealed any failure, clean the optical adapter
3. if the problem still persists, refer to the fibre optic UL troubleshooting in order to check if optical
cables or optical connections have any problem on UL path.
4. if previous action didn’t make the LED switch off replace the unit with a new one or contact for
assistance.
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User Manual
Is the red LED
ON upon the
TFAxxx?
start
No
Yes
Verify if any external
equipment or any dry contact
port have some problems.
Refer to dry-contact
troubleshooting (fig. 10)
No
Is red LED upon
TFAxxx still
ON?
Yes
Clean the SC-APC
optical adapters
and connectors
Is red LED upon
TFAxxx still
ON?
No
Yes
Optical cable or optical connections
are supposed to have problems on
UL path. Refer to fibre optic UL
troubleshooting (fig. 11)
end
Fig. 9: Flow-chart describing the main troubleshooting procedure on TFAxxx
Dry contact troubleshooting
(The following procedure is summarized by the flow-chart in fig. 10)
This procedure needs to be considered if at least one TFAxxx dry-contact is connected to some external
equipment. If not, return to main troubleshooting procedure.
Follow steps 1, 2 for each dry contact connected to any external equipment. These steps aim to detect
any failure inside the external equipment or inside the dry-contact port. If dry-contacts don’t reveal
equipment malfunction or a port failure, return to the main troubleshooting procedure.
For any dry-contact connected to some external equipment, follow these steps:
1. Disconnect it, and check the TFAxxx LED status after the disconnection.
2. If the red LED has switched off, external equipment connected to the dry contact port should be
faulty. Please test it.
3. If the TFAxxx red LED still remains on after the disconnection, measure voltage between the
terminals of the dry contact port.
a. If the terminals are electrically closed, the dry-contact port sis faulty. Contact the
manufacturer for assistance.
b. If the terminals are open, this means neither the analysis of the present dry contact nor the
one of its external equipment has revealed failures. Re-connect the present dry contact port
to its external equipment. In case the TFAxxx has another unchecked dry-contact
connected to some external equipment, apply the whole procedure (ie steps 1-3) to this
new port
MN024-04
29
Is any dry contact
connected to some
external equipment?
start
No
Yes
Disconnect the
dry contact port
Is red LED
upon TFAxxx
still ON?
External equipment
connected to this dry
contact port should be
faulty. Test it.
No
Yes
Measure voltage between
the terminals of this dry
contact port
Is this dry contact
electrically closed?
Yes
The dry contact port
is faulty. Contact
the manufacturer
for assistance.
No
Analysis about this dry
contact and its external
equipment has not revealed
any failures.
Re-connect dry contact port
to its external equipment.
Is the other dry
contact connected
to external
equipment?
No
Yes
end
Fig. 10: Flow-chart describing the dry-contact troubleshooting.
Fibre optic UL troubleshooting
(The following procedure is summarized by the flow-chart in fig. 11)
‰ Check if there is any point where the fibre experiences a small radius of curvature. In this case,
rearrange the optical path in order to avoid sharp bends (if necessary, replace the optical cable with
a longer one). If this makes the TFLN red LED switch off, troubleshooting has been successful.
Otherwise, follow next steps.
‰ Check if the SC-APC connectors are properly installed at both fibre ends (i.e. TFLN and TFAxxx
ports). In case they are not, fix better SC-SPC connectors to relevant adapters. If this makes the
TFLN red LED switch off, troubleshooting has been successful. Otherwise, follow next steps.
‰ Disconnect the optical fibre and clean it at both fibre ends (i.e. TFLN side and TFAxxx side) then
reconnect the fibre to relevant ports. In case this makes the TFLN red LED switch off,
troubleshooting has been successful. Otherwise, follow next steps.
‰Disconnect the optical SC-APC connector from TFLN UL port, and measure the output power
Pout(UL) at corresponding fibre end (i.e. the power coming out of SC-APC UL connector). Then, go to
the TFAxxx side, disconnect the optical SC-APC connector from TFAxxx UL port and measure the
input power Pin(UL) coming out of the TFAxxx UL port (i.e. the optical power entering the fibre).
‰Calculate the UL fibre attenuation AUL as: AUL [dB] = P in(UL) – P out(UL)
¾If AUL > 4dB, the fibre optic cable has some problems or cable path is too long. Replace it.
¾If AUL < 4dB, then TFAxxx remote unit should be faulty. Before replacing it, check the
TFAxxx status on supervision system and contact for assistance.
30
User Manual
Is there any small
radius of curvature
of the fibre?
start
Rearrange the optical path in order to
avoid sharp bends. If necessary
replace the optical cable with a
longer one.
Yes
No
Yes
Are SC-APC
connectors properly
installed at both fibre
ends?
Is the red LED
upon TFLN still
ON?
No
Fix SC-APC connectors
properly to adapters
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Disconnect the optical SC-APC
connector from TFLN UL port.
Measure the output power
at the corresponding fibre
end (i.e. coming out of this
SC-APC UL connector)
Calculate the UL fibre attenuation:
AUL[dB]=input power - output power
No
Yes
Go to the
TFAxxx
side
No
Re-connect the
fibre to relevant
ports.
Clean the optical SC-APC
ports both on TFLN and
TFAxxx side.
Disconnect the optical fibre
and clean it at both ends.
Is AUL > 4dB?
Is the red LED
upon TFLN still
ON?
Is the red LED
upon TFLN still
ON?
No
Disconnect the optical
SC-APC connector
from TFAxxx UL port.
Measure the input power entering
the fibre (i.e., coming out of the
TFAxxx UL port)
Fibre optic cable has some problems.
Replace it.
The TFAxxx remote unit should be faulty. Before
replacing it, verify its status through supervision
system and contact for assistance.
end
Fig. 11: Flow-chart describing the fibre optic UL troubleshooting
MN024-04
31
4. Master Unit
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User Manual
4.1. 19” Subrack TPRNxy
MN024-04
33
Name:
TPRN
Major TPRN features
The TPRNxy is a 19”subrack where all the Britecell Plus plug-in
modules can be inserted. Britecell Plus equipment provides a wide
variety of these subrack models, differentiated by power supply and by
communication ports placing. Each one is provided with:
x 12 free slots, each with Height=4HE, Width=1HE
x Power supply 220 Vac or -48 Vdc
x Locally or remotely connectible through:
¾RS232 serial port
¾RS485 two-wire bus
¾sub-D 15 pin male-connector
x Internal microcontroller for I2CBUS alarm collection
x Manual reset button, able to re-initialize both the inserted modules
and the TPRN microcontroller
x Manual stand-by button, able to re-initialize the inserted modules,
while keeping the TPRN microcontroller working.
Front view of the TPRN sub-rack with
power supply and communication ports
on the back
sub D 15
connector
RS485
ports
Back view of the TPRN sub-rack with power supply
and communication ports on the back
buttons
RS232
port
Power supply (picture
shows 220Vac version)
Front view of the TPRN sub-rack with
power supply and/or communication
ports on the front through TFM board
TFM
board
allowing
communication ports and
power supply (according
to relevant versions) on
the front of the subrack.
34
User Manual
TPRN models
A brief description of all the available TPRN master units is reported hereinafter.
Passive subrack (TPRN04)
x TPRN04 is a passive subrack. It does not provide power supply to any inserted module, and
therefore it is designed to host passive modules only. It can be useful in a multi-subrack
system, in case the customer decides to put all the active modules in an active subrack, to be
chosen among the following ones.
220 Vac powered TPRNs (TPRN14 / TPRN24 / TPRN14F / TPRN24F)
x TPRN14 is an active subrack designed to be fed through 220 Vac universal mains. Both the
connector for 220Vac power supply and the communication ports are placed on the subrack
rear. The 220 Vac power supply is not redundant (ie, no spare adapter is provided).
x TPRN24 is an active subrack designed to be fed through 220 Vac universal mains. Both the
connector for 220Vac power and the communication ports are placed on the subrack rear, and
the 220 Vac power supply is redundant: i.e., a spare adapter guarantees the correct system
operations even in case the main 220Vac adapter has a breakdown.
x TPRN14F is an active subrack designed to be fed through 220 Vac universal mains. The
connector for 220Vac power supply is on the subrack rear, while the communication ports are
on a TFM module, inserted in the 12th master unit slot. The 220 Vac power supply is not
redundant (i.e. no spare adapter is provided).
x TPRN24F is an active subrack designed to be fed through 220 Vac universal mains. The
connector for 220Vac power supply is on the subrack rear, while the communication ports are
on a TFM module, inserted in the 12th master unit slot. The 220 Vac power supply is
redundant: i.e., a spare adapter guarantees the correct system operations even in case the main
220Vac adapter has a breakdown.
-48Vdc powered TPRNs (TPRN34 / TPRN34F)
x TPRN34 is an active subrack designed to be fed through –48 Vdc negative supply. Both the
connector for -48Vdc power supply and the communication ports are placed on the subrack
rear.
x TPRN34F is an active subrack designed to be fed through –48 Vdc negative supply. Both the
connector for –48 Vdc power supply and the communication ports are on a TFM module,
occupying the 12th master unit slot. This allows an easier maintenance, in case the -48 Vdc
power supply has a breakdown.
MN024-04
35
TPRN power supply
All the TPRN models refer to one of the following power supplies.
Universal mains
(85 ÷ 264Vac, 50/60Hz).
This connector is mounted on the TPRN back panel either
for the redundant version or the simple one. A ground
terminal and a couple of fuses are also included. Fuses
have to be replaced in case they fail (when it happens both
the green LED on TPRN panel and the supervision system
detect the failure).
Fuses
Ground terminal
Fig. 12: 85÷264Vac connector
-48 Vdc
(-72 ÷ -36 Vdc)
This connector can be mounted on TPRN back panel or on
TPRN front, depending on the TPRN model.
A fuse is present under the –48 Vdc connector, and has to
be replaced in case it fails (when it happens, both the green
LED on TPRN panel, and the supervision system detect the
failure).
black terminal: 0V
blue terminal:-72÷ -36Vdc
Fuse
Fig. 13: -72÷-36Vdc connector
Whatever power supply is chosen (85 ÷ 264 Vac or -72 ÷ 36 Vdc), an additional external ground terminal is
provided on the TPRN rear (see fig. 14).
Fig. 14: ground terminal on the rear
The external power supply (220Vac or -48Vdc) is converted into a +12Vdc voltage allowing
feeding the active modules inserted into the TPRN.
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User Manual
TPRN ports
The TPRN subrack is provided with a set of I/0 ports which allow the connection to any external
device. All these ports (RS232, RS485, sub-D 15 pin male connector) can be placed both on TPRN
back and on TPRN front, depending on chosen version.
RS232 serial port
The RS232 serial port can be used to connect the TPRN subrack to the agent.
The connection baud rate can be set to 9600 bps or 19200 bps, by properly setting the dip-switch 5
standing on the interior TPRN backplane (see fig. 15). The baud-rate setting through dip-switch 5 is
shown in table 4.
Baud-rate dip-switch (5)
RS485-addressing dip-switches (1-4)
Fig. 15: Dip-switches on TPRN backplane.
Baud rate [bps]
9600
19200
Dip-switch 5
OFF
ON
Tab. 4: Setting RS232 baud-rate through dip-switch 5
Whichever baud rate you choose through dip-switch 5, remember that:
x the same RS232 connection speed must be set up on the agent
x the baud-rate which is selected through the dip-switch 5 sets the connection speed for both the
RS232 port and the RS485 port as the TPRN uses both ports with the same rate.
RS485 port
The RS485 port consists of two RJ-45 connectors, which work as input and output ports towards a
RS485 bus.
This RS485 bus has to be used in order to connect a multi-subrack system to the agent. In this case:
x
the TPRN subracks have to be connected one another via RS485 bus;
x In order to monitor the whole system, the agent has to be connected to one of the TPRN
subracks through RS232 port.
MN024-04
37
Before connecting one another the TPRN subracks belonging to a multi-subrack system, remember
to assign an exclusive binary address to each one. This is essential in order to let the supervision
system recognize the different master units.
The binary address assignment can be done through dip-switches 1,2,3,4, which stand on interior
TPRN backplane (see figure 15). A list of the correspondences between the addresses and the dipswitches is provided by table 5: simply note that dip-switch 1 is the least significant binary digit,
while dip-switch 4 is the most significant one.
Address
0001
0010
0011
0100
0101
0110
0111
1000
1001
1010
1011
1100
1101
1110
Dip-switch 1
ON
OFF
ON
OFF
ON
OFF
ON
OFF
ON
OFF
ON
OFF
ON
OFF
Dip-switch 2
OFF
ON
ON
OFF
OFF
ON
ON
OFF
OFF
ON
ON
OFF
OFF
ON
Dip-switch 3
OFF
OFF
OFF
ON
ON
ON
ON
OFF
OFF
OFF
OFF
ON
ON
ON
Dip-switch 4
OFF
OFF
OFF
OFF
OFF
OFF
OFF
ON
ON
ON
ON
ON
ON
ON
Tab. 5: Dip-switches address settings
The baud rate of the RS485 ports is the same of the RS232 port as per the setting of dip-switch 5
(see before)
Whichever baud rate you choose, remember that:
x the same RS485 connection speed has to be set up on all the connected device (TPRN
subracks or TSUN);
x the baud-rate which is selected through the dip-switch 5 sets the connection speed for both
the RS485 port and the RS232 port.
Sub-D 15 pins male connector
The TPRN subrack provides a sub-D 15 pins male connector, shown in fig. 4.17.
PIN 1
PIN 9
PIN 8
PIN 15
Fig. 16: sub-D 15 pin male connector
38
User Manual
This connector provides:
x 4 optoisolated input ports which can be used to reveal any failure on remote equipment. The
default status of these input ports can be defined through the supervision system. After that,
any change from default status will be revealed as a failure signal and cause the
corresponding Auxiliary Input LED to switch on upon the TFM board (on TPRN front
panel)
x a summary of major and minor alarms related to failures detected not only on the TPRN
subrack, but also on any active module hosted by the TPRN itself.
x 2 relay output ports, which be can used to drive any external device connected to subD-15
pins adapter. By using the supervision system each of these output ports can set up on
“open” or “close” conditions.
A more detailed description of the meaning and functionality of each pin is reported in table 6. The
pins are numbered from left to right, and from top to bottom (refer to fig. 16).
PIN
Name
Meaning
Ground
It is a ground terminal for digital inputs, i.e. for pin 2, 3, 9, 10.
Digital input n°1
(SW assignable)
5,6
7,8
10
11
This port can be used to monitor external equipment status. Once a
default working status has been assigned (through supervision system) to
this input port, any change is detected as a failure signal causes the
Auxiliary Input LED 1 to switch on upon the TFM board.
This port can be used to monitor external equipment status. Once a
Digital input n°2 default working status has been assigned (through supervision system) to
(SW assignable) this input port, any change is detected as a failure signal causes the
Auxiliary Input LED 2 to switch on upon the TFM board.
Disconnected pin No meaning
Summary of
These pins present an open circuit if a major alarm is active on the
major alarms
TPRN subrack or on any module hosted by it.
Summary of
These pins present an open circuit if a minor alarm is active on the
minor alarms
TPRN subrack or on any module hosted by it.
This port can be used to monitor external equipment status. Once a
Digital input n°3 default working status has been assigned (through supervision system) to
(SW assignable) this input port, any change is detected as a failure signal causes the
Auxiliary Input LED 3 to switch on upon the TFM board
This port can be used to monitor external equipment status. Once a
Digital input n°4 default working status has been assigned (through supervision system) to
(SW assignable) this input port, any change is detected as a failure signal causes the
Auxiliary Input LED 4 to switch on upon the TFM board
Disconnected pin No meaning
These pins are terminals of an output port (output relay 1), which can be
Digital output n°1 driven through the supervision system. The output port can be set to
12,13
(SW assignable) “open” or “close” condition. These 2 statuses can be used to pilot any
external device connected to subD-15 connector.
These pins are terminals of an output port (output relay 2), which can be
Digital output n°2 driven through the supervision system. The output port can be set to
14,15
(SW assignable) “open” or “close” condition. These 2 statuses can be used to pilot any
external device connected to subD-15 connector.
Tab. 6: Functional description of pins provided by sub D male connector.
Note: The TPRN subrack uses I2Cbus standard protocol to collect status and alarm information from
hosted modules. Thanks to that, the alarm summaries (provided through pins 5-6 and 7-8) report
major and minor failures related not only to TPRN subrack but also to any hosted module.
MN024-04
39
TPRN visual alarms (where available)
A full description of all TPRN alarms is provided by the Supervision system. All TPRN subracks
including a TFM board (i.e. TPRN14F, TPRN24F, TPRN34F models) also provide alarm
monitoring through the LED front panel (see fig. 17).
MAJOR
ALARM
MINOR
ALARM
ON
STANDBY
AUX
IN
Label
LED colour Meaning
MAJOR
ALARM
MINOR
ALARM
ON
STANDY
Red
Yellow
ON when a major alarm is detected on
TPRN
ON when a minor alarm is detected on
TPRN
Green
ON when TPRN is on
Red
Red
Red
Red
ON if any external alarm is detected through
the input port 1 of sub D connector.
ON if any external alarm is detected through
the input port 2 of sub D connector.
ON if any external alarm is detected through
the input port 3 of sub D connector.
ON if any external alarm is detected through
the input port 4 of sub D connector.
Fig. 17: LED panel on TFM board
Tab. 7: alarm description
Major and minor LED alarms upon TFM board refer only to major and minor failures on the TPRN
itself and do not detect any fault on the hosted modules.
Note: Being able to collect module status through I2Cbusl, the TPRN also knows any alarm
information about the hosted modules. However, as each active module controls its internal failures
through its own LEDs panel, the LEDs upon TPRN subrack only refer o its circuitry.
Auxiliary input LEDs reveal an alert condition when corresponding pins recognize any alarm on the
external device connected through sub D 15 connector.
Warning (recommended for system designing and installing)
Providing a correct heat dissipation
For a correct use of the TPRN subrack, it is important to verify that:
x the system is designed in order to put no more than 8 active modules inside a TPRN
subrack. This guarantees a proper heating dissipation for the system. In case you want to
install more than 8 active modules inside a TPRN subrack, it is important to provide the
subrack with a proper ventilation system;
x active and passive modules should be alternated as much as possible inside the TPRN
subrack avoiding too many active cards being inserted close together;
x in case the system consists of more than one TPRN subrack, a minimum distance of 1 HE
has to be kept between nearby TPRN subracks to ensure proper heat dissipation. The rack
containing the TPRN subracks has to be large enough to guarantee this correct distance
between master units.
40
User Manual
Minimizing equipment costs
In order to reduce the cost of Britecell Plus equipment, a multi-subrack system should be designed
according to the following guidelines:
x a passive subrack (TPRN04) may be used to house only passive modules;
x an active subrack (TPRN14, TPRN14F, TPRN24, TPRN 24F, TPRN34) may be used to
sustain all the active modules, and some of the passive ones (as stated above, it is advisable
to alternate active and passive cards into an active subrack).
Setting the dip-switches in a multi-subrack system
If you are installing a multi-subrack system, remember to assign each subrack an exclusive binary
address, by properly setting dip-switches 1,2,3,4 on the interior TPRN backplane (see fig. 15 and
tab.5). Dip-switch 5 has to be set on each TPRN subrack in order to fix the baud rate for RS485 and
RS232 port. Connecting TPRNs through RS485 port is necessary when supervising the whole
multi-subrack system through the SNMP agent which has also to be set at the same baud rate.
TPRN Installation
The TPRN kit provides:
x 1 Sub rack TPRN
x 1 suitable power cable
x 1 Britecell Plus User Manual
First of all insert the subrack into the cabinet and apply 4
screws (not provided) in order to fix it.
To have a correct TPRN installation, distance between the
front door of the rack and the front side of the TPRN should be
at least 15cm otherwise RF and optical cables can be damaged
when cabinet door is closed.
Leave at least 1HE distance between two subracks in
order to facilitate the air circulation.
Leave at least a 1HE free space between the bottom or
the top of the cabinet and the TPRNs.
MN024-04
Screw
1HE
41
Connect the ground to the safety ground terminal.
Then, connect the power supply connector to the mains.
Power
supply
Ground
terminal
TPRN behaviour at system Start-up
Before switching on the TPRN subrack, make sure that:
x all expected modules have been inserted
x the modules have been connected each other by RF jumpers, according to what has been
planned during system design
x every TFLN contained in the Master Unit has been connected to its TFAxxx remote units
x each TFAxxx remote unit has been connected to its coverage antennas
x the agent (if present) has been connected/housed to/into the Master Unit
x different subracks have been connected each other via bus RS485 and each of them should
have different addresses
x the rack housing the TPRN is large enough to leave a minimum distance of 1HE between
contiguous TPRN subracks
Remember that TFAxxx remote units have to be switched on before relevant Master Unit. Only
when all the TFAxxx remote units are on, the Master Unit can be turned on.
Once the TPRN subrack has been switched on, the system behaviour can be summarized as per the
following steps:
1. when TPRN subrack is turned on, all seven LEDs upon the TPRN front panel (provided
that TPRN is equipped with a TFM board) go on for a couple of seconds
2. After that, the green LED remains ON (indicating proper power supply), while the other
LEDs indicate the remote units status, according to the following table 8
Note: Some of the AUX IN LEDs 1, 2, 3, 4 can remain ON if the corresponding input statuses are
wrongly associated to external equipment working condition. In this case, once the step 4 has
finished, remember to properly set the default status by the supervision system.
3. About 10sec after the TPRN subrack has been switched on, all TFLN modules housed in
the TPRN itself begin a “discovery” phase in order to identify and collect status of the
connected TFAxxx remote units. While the discovery phase is working (at max. 4min.
depending on the system complexity) each TFLN general alarm (i.e., LED “ňŋ”) blinks,
whereas the other TFLN LEDs go on showing the detected status.
Do not connect/disconnect any cable or piece of equipment until all the TFLN modules
have finished the discovery phase. This may result in failing the identification of
TFAxxx. Anyway during the discovery phase, the whole system can still work correctly
as discovery process aims to collect information about TFAxxx but doesn’t affect the
basic working of the system.
42
User Manual
Label
LED colour
ON
Green
STANDY
MAJOR
Red
ALARM
MINOR
Yellow
ALARM
Red
Red
Red
Red
Status
ON
(when power supply is on)
OFF
(if no major alarm is detected on TPRN subrack)
OFF
(if no minor alarm is detected on TPRN subrack)
OFF
(if no external alarm is detected through the input port 1 of
the sub D 15 pin connector)
OFF
(if no external alarm is detected through the input port 2 of
the sub D 15 pin connector.
OFF
(if no external alarm is detected through the input port 3
of the sub D 15 pin connector)
OFF
(if no external alarm is detected through the input port 4
of the sub D 15 pin connector)
Tab. 8: subrack LED status in full-working condition.
4.
Once the discovery has finished, the general alarm (i.e. the LED “ňŋ”) on each TFLN
panel stops blinking, and switches OFF (provided that the TFLN local unit is not affected
by a general failure).
TPRN troubleshooting
In case a TPRN subrack shows any problem, this will be revealed through LEDs upon TPRN front
panel. A more detailed status and alarm description could be provided through the SNMP agent.
It should be noted that TPRN minor and major alarm LEDs just refer to TPRN subrack itself and
detect errors on TPRN circuitry, but do not signal alert situations on the hosted active modules
Active modules are monitored by their own LED panels.
A complete overview of TPRN alarms is reported in the following table.
Alarm description
LED
LED colour
Redundant power supply active
Minor alarm LED
Major alarm LED
Minor alarm LED
Minor alarm LED
AUX IN LED 1
AUX IN LED 2
AUX IN LED 3
AUX IN LED 4
Yellow
Red
Yellow
Yellow
Red
Red
Red
Red
+12V degradation
I2Cbus error
Temperature out of range
Alarm revealed on auxiliary input port 1
Alarm revealed on auxiliary input port 2
Alarm revealed on auxiliary input port 3
Alarm revealed on auxiliary input port 4
Tab. 9: Brief description of alarms detected through TPRN LED panels.
Red major alarm LED refers to power supply degradation and switches on in case the +12Vdc
power falls below a threshold level in factory set. In this case, TPRN automatically turns to
standby mode so that alarm LED remains on while no over-current gets through the circuitry of
hosted modules, thus preserving the system integrity. Once power supply has been repaired, the
MN024-04
43
TPRN needs to be rebooted. In case the TPRN subrack is equipped with a redundant power supply
(TPRN24, TPRN24F), a degradation of the +12 Vdc power results in an automatic switching from
main to spare converter and yellow minor alarm LED switches on to highlight that the redundant
power supply is active. In case also redundant power supply degrade the TPRN automatically
turns to stand-by mode and major alarm red LED switches on to signal no-working situation. Once
the power supply has been repaired the TPRN needs to be rebooted.
I2Cbus alarm is a minor alarm which turns on when TPRN subrack cannot communicate with one
or more hosted module. Each TPRN slot is provided with 2 pins, which automatically detect the
presence of a module inside the slot. If the module is detected but TPRN is not able to
communicate with it through I2Cbus the minor alarm LED switches on.
Note: at commissioning remember to mask the unused slots through LMT software (please refer to
the relevant manual for more information) to avoid not significant alarm being switched on.
In case one of TPRN LED alarms switches on please refer to the troubleshooting procedure
reported hereinafter to recognize the failure. This procedure is valid in case the TPRN includes the
TFM module showing LEDs on the front panel otherwise please check LMT or supervision
system handbooks.
TPRN main troubleshooting procedure
(The following troubleshooting procedure is summarized by the flow-chart in fig. 18)
x
When the TPRN is correctly supplied, the green LED on TFM board is switched on. In case
the TPRN does not switch on, check the fuse upon the power supply connector. If it is burned,
just replace it with a new one, and restart the TPRN. If it is not, the power supply system may
be faulty, contact the manufacturer for assistance.
x
In case the major alarm LED (red LED) is on, the system experiences power supply
degradation. In this case, the TPRN automatically has turned to stand-by mode, in order to
preserve the internal circuitry from over-current. Contact the manufacturer for assistance.
x
In case the minor alarm LED (yellow LED) is on, please refer to Minor Alarm
Troubleshooting reported in the following.
x
In case any AUX IN LED (red LED) is on, an alarm condition is revealed through the
corresponding input port of sub D 15 pin connector, if any external device has been connected
to the TPRN master unit through sub D port, it may have some problems. Test it. If you do not
detect any failure on external device, the input port of subD-15 connector shouldn’t have been
set to the correct default status through the supervision system.
Minor alarm troubleshooting
(The following troubleshooting procedure is summarized by the flow-chart in fig. 19)
x
In case the TPRN is provided with a redundant power supply, the main power supply may
have failed. Check the fuse, and replace it if burned.
x
If the minor alarm LED is still on, disconnect one module at a time from the TPRN backplane.
After having disconnected each module, check if the minor alarm LED is still one.
44
In case the yellow LED switches off after disconnecting any card, the disconnected
module may be faulty. Test it or contact the manufacturer for assistance.
If the minor alarm LED remains still on, the TPRN may have problems either in internal
I2Cbus communications or in overheating. Contact manufacturer for assistance.
User Manual
start
Is green LED
ON?
No
Check the fuse status on power
supply connector. In case it is
faulty replace it with a new one.
Yes
Is green LED
still OFF?
No
Yes
Please contact the
manufacturer for assistance.
Is MAJOR
ALARM red LED
ON?
Yes
The system experiences power
supply degradation.
Power supply should be faulty,
please contact the
manufacturer for assistance.
No
Is MINOR
ALARM yellow
LED ON?
Yes
Refer to Minor Alarm
Troubleshooting
(fig.19).
No
Is any AUX IN
red LED ON?
No
Yes
Is any external
No
equipment connected
to subD port?
Please contact the
manufacturer for assistance.
Yes
The external equipment may be faulty. Test it. If no problem
is detected the input ports of subD connector are to be set to
the correct default status through supervision system.
end
Fig. 18: Flow-chart for TPRN main troubleshooting procedure
MN024-04
45
start
In case TPRN redundant power supply
is provided the main power supply
Yesif a fuse is
could have failed. Check
burned and replace it with a new one.
Is MINOR
ALARM yellow
LED still ON?
Yes
Disconnect one module at a time
from TPRN backplane and check if
MINOR ALARM LED is still ON.
No
Yes
Are there other
modules connected
to the TPRN
backplane?
Is the MINOR Yes
ALARM LED still
on?
No
The disconnected module
may have some problem.
Test it or contact
manufacturer for assistance.
No
I2Cbus backplane may
have some problems or
temperature may be
out of range. Contact
the manufacturer for
assistance.
end
Fig. 19: Flow-chart for Minor alarm troubleshooting
46
User Manual
4.2. Local Unit TFLN
MN024-04
47
Module name:
TFLN
Main processes carried out by the TFLN module
¾In Downlink (DL) operations:
x RF-to-optical conversion of the input RF signal
x Optical splitting: input RF signal is split onto 4 optical outputs
¾ In Uplink (UL) operations:
x Optical-to-RF conversion of the 4 input optical signals
x Automatic Gain Control (AGC) of each converted signal to
compensate optical losses (provided they are < 4dB);
x RF combining of the 4 adjusted signals into a single RF output
RF ports
¾1 DL RF input port
¾1 auxiliary DL RF
input port, dedicated to
WLAN services
¾1 UL RF output port
¾1 auxiliary UL RF
output port, dedicated
to WLAN services
Note: nominal input levels
at RF port require a
maximum input RF power.
of 3dBm (please refer to
datasheet
for
further
information), as well as RF
outputs may require a
power adjustment to fill
within the BTS receiving
range.
In order to fulfil these
requirements, external UL
and DL attenuations may
be required (see TBSI
module).
Optical ports
UL RF Auxiliary
Output (SMB-m)
Status and
Alarm LED
DL RF Auxiliary
Input (SMB-m)
UL Optical Fibre
Adapters (SC-APC)
UL RF Main
Output (SMA-f)
DL RF Main
Input (SMA-f)
DL Optical Fibre
Adapters (SC-APC)
¾
4 DL optical output
ports (SC/APC)
¾4 UL optical input ports
(SC/APC)
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User Manual
TFLN visual alarms
The TFLN front panel is
provided with 6 LEDs (see
on the right), showing status
and alarm information.
LED meaning is reported on
the rightward table.
Further information about
alarm status is delivered by
Britecell Plus supervision
system.
Note: In case the four TFLN
optical output ports are not
all connected to Remote
Units, the unused ports must
be properly masked at
commissioning in order to
avoid
spurious
alarms
(please refer to LMT
manual).
Label LED colour
Meaning
Green
Power supply status OK
ňŋ
Red
Red
Red
Red
Red
General TFLN failure, it can be:
- TFLN laser failure
- UL or DL amplifier failure
- TFLN short circuit
Low UL optical power received
from Remote Unit 1 (fault in
optical link 1 or Remote Unit 1
failure)
Low UL optical power received
from Remote Unit 2 (fault in
optical link 2 or Remote Unit 2
failure)
Low UL optical power received
from Remote Unit 3 (fault in
optical link 3 or Remote Unit 3
failure)
Low UL optical power received
from Remote Unit 4 (fault in
optical link 4 or Remote Unit 4
failure)
Tab. 10: summary of TFLN LED meanings.
TFLN power supply
Each TFLN local unit is supplied by the subrack back-plane (12V).
The power consumption of each TFLN local unit is 9W.
Warnings (to be read before the TFLN installation)
Dealing with optical output ports
x The TFLN local unit contains semiconductor lasers. Invisible laser beams may be emitted from
the optical output ports. Do not look towards the optical ports while equipment is switched on.
Handling optical connections
x When inserting an optical connector, take care to handle it so smoothly that the optical fibre is not
damaged. Optical fibres have to be single-mode (SM) 9.5/125µm.
x Typically, Britecell Plus equipment is provided with SC-APC optical connectors. As an
alternative, FC-APC connectors may be provided. Inserting any other connectors will result in
severe damages.
x Do not force or stretch the fibre pigtail with radius of curvature less than 5 cm. See fig. 20 for
optimal fibre cabling.
x Remove adapter caps only just before making connections. Do not leave SC-APC adapters open,
as they attract dust. Unused SC-APC adapters must always be covered with their caps.
x Do not touch the adapter tip. Clean it with a proper tissue before inserting each connector into the
sleeve. In case adapter tips need to be better cleaned, use pure ethyl alcohol
MN024-04
49
WRONG
OPTIMAL
Fig. 20: Fibre Optic bending
Inserting or removing TFLN modules
x Do not remove or insert any TFLN module into TPRN subrack before having switched off main
power supply.
x The TFLN modules must be handled with care, in order to avoid damage to electrostatic sensitive
devices.
x When installing TFLN modules in the subrack, take care to alternate active and passive cards in
order to ensure proper heat dissipation.
x In a multi-subrack system, remember to assign to each subrack a proper RS485 bus address
before installing the modules (please refer to TPRN section for further details).
TFLN positioning in system design
x In case no ventilation system is installed, do not insert more than 8 active modules into a subrack.
x In case more than 8 active cards have to be housed into the TPRN subrack, it’s advisable to install
the TPRN subrack inside a rack with forced ventilation.
x Take care to meet expected requirements on RF ports. An adjustable attenuator could be
necessary when the power coming from the BTS exceeds the required levels to avoid causing
damages in Britecell Plus circuitry or increase of spurious emissions.
TFLN installation
The TFLN local unit is housed in a TPRN subrack and its dimensions are 19” width and 4HE height.
A TFLN module can be accommodated in any of these 12 slots.
Note: In case a new TFLN module has to be
installed in a still working Master Unit, switch off
the subrack before inserting the plug-in TFLN
module
Firstly, gently insert the TFLN in one of the 12
available slots, and lock the 4 screws on the front
corners.
50
User Manual
Then connect the UL and the DL RF cable (which come
from a TBSI or a TLCN module, depending on how the
system has been designed) to the TFLN UL and DL
ports, respectively.
Use a specific torque wrench to fix these RF cables to
DL and UL ports.
Remove the caps from TFLN optical ports and connect the
SC-APC fibre optic cables to the ports.
UL and DL cables coming from the same remote unit have
to be connected to UL and DL ports marked by the same
number on the TFLN front panel.
As you switch on the system, carefully refer to the TFLN Start-Up section.
Remember that remote units should be switched on before than the Master Unit in order to follow a
correct Start-Up procedure.
TFLN behaviour at system start-up
Before the Master Unit is switched on, make sure that:
x all expected modules have been inserted into the Master Unit
x the modules have been connected each other by RF jumpers, according to what planned in the
system design
x every TFLN local unit has been connected to relevant remote units
x each remote unit has been connected to its coverage antennas
x the supervision agent, if present, has been connected to the Master Unit
x different Master Units are connected each other via bus RS485
After that, remember that only when all the remote units are already on, the Master Unit itself can be
turned on.
Once the Master Unit has been switched on, the TFLN behaviour at system start-up can be summarized
as per the following steps:
1. When Master Unit is turned on all the six LEDs upon the TFLN front panel go on for a couple
of seconds. After that, the green LED remains on (indicating proper power supply) while the
other LEDs indicate the local unit status, according to the following table.
Note: In case unused optical ports of the TFLN have not been masked through LMT yet,
corresponding LEDs will be on. If so, wait for the end of step 3 (discovery phase) then use
LMT to mask them (please refer to relevant Application Note)
MN024-04
51
Label LED colour
Status
Green
ňŋ
Red
Red
ON
(power supply is on)
OFF
(no major failure affects TFLN operations)
OFF
(no major failure affects corresponding remote
connection)
OFF
(no major failure affects corresponding remote
connection)
OFF
(no major failure affects corresponding remote
connection)
OFF
(no major failure affects corresponding remote
connection)
Red
Red
Red
unit or UL
unit or UL
unit or UL
unit or UL
Tab. 11: Status of the TFLN LEDs in full-working conditions
2. About 10 seconds after the system has been switched on, TFLN module begins a “discovery”
phase to identify connected remote units. This operation is necessary to collect all the
information to be provided to the supervision system.
While the discovery phase is working, the TFLN general alarm (LED ňŋ) blinks while the
other LEDs go on showing previously detected status. Time dedicated to discovery phase can
be at maximum 4min and depends on system complexity. Do not connect/disconnect any
cable or any piece of equipment during the discovery phase! This may result in failing the
identification of remote units.
Please note that, while the discovery phase is running, the whole system is working correctly.
Discovery operations aim to collect information about remote units but they don’t affect the
system functionality.
3. Once the discovery is finished, the TFLN general alarm (LED ňŋ) stops blinking and switches
OFF. The power supply LED (green LED) remains on while LEDs 1,2,3,4 show either the
status of the remote units or the quality of the UL connections. In case some of these LEDs
remain on, check if they refer to unused optical ports or not. In case of unused TFLN ports use
LMT to mask it otherwise if LED referring to a connected remote unit remains on, please refer
to Troubleshooting procedure.
Removing a TFLN module
Switch off the Master Unit power supply, remove the SC-APC optical connectors, and insert the
protection caps into TFLN optical ports. Then
x unscrew the 4 screws and slowly remove the card.
x put the removed TFLN card in its safety box.
x switch on again the Master Unit power supply, and refer to Start Up section.
52
User Manual
TFLN troubleshooting
In case a TFLN local unit has any problem, this will be easily revealed through LEDs on TFLN front
panels.
Troubleshooting procedure can be easy when failure detection is directly carried out through LMT or
supervision system, as an alternative, a manual troubleshooting procedure can be carried out.
LEDs panel on TFLN front detect not only failures inside the TFLN, but they also reveals malfunctions
located on related remote unit.
The following table reports a brief description of the TFLN alarms, together with a reference to the
corresponding alerted LEDs:
Alerted
LED
Alarm
priority level
High
High
High
High
none
Low
High
High
High
High
Short circuit on TFLN module
none
ňŋ
ňŋ
ňŋ
ňŋ
Low
High
High
High
High
Overtemperature on TFLN board1
none
Low
Alarm description
The optical power received on UL port 1 is too low and the AGC can
no more compensate the optical losses on UL port 1
The optical power received on UL port 2 is too low and the AGC can
no more compensate the optical losses on UL port 2
The optical power received on UL port 3 is too low and the AGC can
no more compensate the optical losses on UL port 3
The optical power received on UL port 4 is too low and the AGC can
no more compensate the optical losses on UL port 4
The optical power received on UL port 1,2,3, or 4 is near to critical level
but AGC still works
High priority alarm on Remote Unit 1
High priority alarm on Remote Unit 2
High priority alarm on Remote Unit 3
High priority alarm on Remote Unit 4
Low priority alarm on Remote Units 1, 2, 3 or 4
TFLN laser failure
UL RF amplifier failure
DL RF amplifier failure
Tab. 12: TFLN LEDs description
As the table shows, LEDs on the TFLN front panel signal all high priority alarms while minor alarms,
which detect critical situations which should be checked and tested in order to avoid future possible
system faults, are only revealed by LMT or supervision system.
Each TFLN is provided with an AGC system which compensates optical losses < 3 dB. TFLN LED
alarms switch on when the estimated optical losses are > 4dB, the AGC not being able to compensate
these losses any more.
One of LEDs 1,2,3,4 might turn on not only to indicate a high optical loss detected by TFLN, but also to
reveal a remote unit failure. Understanding the reason why one of LEDs 1,2,3 or 4 is on (a remote unit
failure, an optical cable fault or an external equipment malfunction) can be done following the
troubleshooting procedure reported hereinafter.
Remember that proper TFLN environmental temperature is between +5°C and +40°C
MN024-04
53
Main troubleshooting procedure
(The following procedure is summarized by the flow-chart in fig. 21)
‰ In case the TFLN general alarm (LED ňŋ) is on replace the faulty TFLN local unit with a new one
and contact the manufacturer for assistance.
‰ In case one of the LEDs 1,2,3,4 is on the corresponding TFLN adapter might be dirty. Try cleaning
it using pure ethyl alcohol. If the LED is still on go to the corresponding remote unit side and check
the red LED upon TFAxxx warm side:
¾ If it is off, the optical cables or the optical connections are supposed to have some problem
on DL path. Refer to fibre optic DL troubleshooting for more information (fig. 22).
¾ If it is on, refer to dry-contact troubleshooting (fig. 10) to understand whether the alarm can
depend on external equipment failure or not. In case dry-contact troubleshooting does not
reveal any failure, clean the remote unit optical adapters.
If the problem still persists the UL optical cable or optical connections is supposed to have
some problems. Please refer to the fibre optic UL troubleshooting (fig. 11) for more
information.
Fibre optic DL troubleshooting
(The following procedure is summarized by the flow-chart in fig. 22)
‰ Check if there is any point where fibre experiences a short radius of curvature. In this case,
rearrange the optical path in order to avoid sharp bends (if necessary, replace the optical cable with
a longer one). If TFLN red LED switches off, troubleshooting has been successfully carried out.
Otherwise, follow next steps.
‰ Check if SC-APC connectors are properly installed at both fibre ends. In case they are not, fix
better SC-SPC connectors to adapters. If TFLN red LED switches off, troubleshooting has been
successful. Otherwise, follow next steps.
‰ Disconnect the optical fibre and clean it better at both ends then clean the SC-APC ports on both
the TFLN and the remote unit. Re-connect the fibre to relevant ports after cleaning. If it doesn’t
made TFLN red LED switch off, follow next steps.
‰ Disconnect the optical SC-APC connector from remote unit DL port, and measure the output power
Pout(DL) at the corresponding fibre end. Then, go to the TFLN side, disconnect the optical SC-APC
connector from TFLN DL port and measure the input power Pin(DL) coming out of the TFLN DL
port. Calculate the DL fibre attenuation ADL as ADL [dB] = P in(DL) - P out(DL)
¾ If ADL > 4dB, then the fibre optic cable has some problems. Replace it with a new one.
¾ If ADL < 4dB troubleshooting procedure has not identified the problem. Refer to supervision
system or contact assistance.
54
User Manual
No
Is any red LED
ON upon the
TFLN?
start
Yes
Which red
LED is ON?
Replace the faulty TFLN
1, 2, 3 or 4
Clean corresponding SC-APC
optical adapter and connector
Is red LED
upon TFLN
still ON?
No
Yes
Is red LED
upon remote
unit ON?
Go to corresponding
remote unit side
No
DL optical cables or optical
connections are supposed to
have some problems. Refer to
fibre optic DL troubleshooting
(fig. 22)
Yes
Verify if any external equipment
or dry contact port has some
problems Refer to the drycontact troubleshooting (fig. 10)
Is red LED
upon remote
unit still ON?
No
Yes
Clean the SC-APC
optical adapters and
connectors
Is red LED
upon remote
unit still ON?
No
UL optical cable or optical connections
are supposed to have some problems.
Refer to fibre optic UL troubleshooting
(fig. 11)
end
Fig. 21: Flow-chart describing the main troubleshooting procedure
MN024-04
55
Is there any
point where the
fibre experiences
a small radius of
curvature?
start
Yes
Rearrange the optical path to avoid
sharp bends. If necessary replace the
optical cable with a longer one.
No
Is red LED
upon remote
unit still ON?
Yes
Are SC-APC
connectors properly
installed at both fibre
ends?
No
Fix better SC-APC
connectors
Yes
Yes
Disconnect fibre optic
and clean it at both ends.
No
Reconnect the fibre
to relevant ports
Yes
Go to TFLN
side.
Measure the output power
at corresponding fibre end.
Calculate DL fibre attenuation
ADL[dB]=input power - output power
No
Is red LED
upon remote
unit still ON?
Clean optical SC-APC
ports on both TFLN
and remote unit.
Disconnect the optical
SC-APC connector from
remote unit DL port
Is ADL > 4dB?
No
Yes
Is red LED
upon remote
unit still ON?
No
Disconnect optical SC-APC
connector from TFLN DL
port.
Measure the input power
coming out of the TFLN
DL port.
Fibre optic cable has some
problems. Replace it.
Troubleshooting procedure has
not identified the problem. Refer
to supervision system or contact
assistance
end
Fig. 22: Flow-chart describing the fibre optic DL troubleshooting
56
User Manual
4.3. 2-way splitter TLCN2
MN024-04
57
Module name:
Description:
TLCN2
The TLCN2, bidirectional 2-way splitter/combiner, can be used to:
¾
combine 2 RF signals into a common RF output
¾
split an RF input into 2 RF output signals
It is a passive device which doesn’t require power supply.
In case of splitting “C” works as an input port while “1” and “2” ports are the
outputs. In case of combining “1”and “2” work as input ports while “C” is the
output one.
RF ports:
¾ 1 DL common RF
port (“C”)
¾ 2 DL splitted RF
ports (“1”,“2”)
¾ 1 UL common RF
port (”C”)
¾ 2 UL splitted RF
ports (“1”,“2”)
Note: each
bidirectional.
port
UL common RF
port (SMA-f)
DL common RF
port (SMA-f)
is
DL splitted RF
ports (SMA-f)
UL splitted RF
ports (SMA-f)
TLCN2 main applications
Main applications of the TLCN2 module are:
x Connecting a BTS to more than one TFLN local unit, so that:
¾
TLCN2 splits the DL input coming from a BTS into 2 output signals entering 2 different
TFLN local units
¾
TLCN2 combines the UL inputs coming from 2 TFLN local units into 1 common signal,
entering the BTS
x Connecting a TFLN local unit to more than one BTS, so that:
¾TLCN2 combines the two DL inputs coming from 2 BTSs into 1 output signal entering the
TFLN local unit
¾TLCN2 splits the UL inputs coming from TFLN local unit into 2 different output signals
entering 2 different BTSs
More TLCN2 modules can be used in cascade connections.
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User Manual
TLCN2 insertion loss
The TLCN2 insertion loss varies slightly with the frequency bands:
TLCN2 insertion loss
700-1400MHz
1400-2200MHz
2200-2500MHz
3.7 ± 0.4dB
4.1 ± 0.5dB
4.6 ± 0.4dB
When designing the system, remember to take into account the insertion loss of the TLCN2.
Warnings
The overall input power must not exceed +24dBm
TLCN2 Installation
Since the TLCN2 module requires no power supply it can be housed either in an active or a passive
TPRN subrack.
1. Unpack the kit which include
ƒ 1 TLCN2
ƒ 4 RF jumpers
2. Carefully insert the TLCN2 module in any of the TPRN subrack slots and lock the 4 screws on the
front corners.
3. Connect RF cables to UL and DL ports, according to what planned by designer. Use a specific torque
wrench to fix each cable to relevant ports.
4. In case some ports remain unused remember to connect them to a 50 ȍ load (not included)
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4.4. 4-way splitter TLCN4
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User Manual
Module name:
Description:
TLCN4
The TLCN4, bidirectional 4-way splitter/combiner, can be used to:
¾
combine 4 RF signals into a common RF output
¾
split an RF input into 4 RF output signals
It is a passive device which doesn’t require power supply.
In case of splitting “C” works as an input port while “1”, “2”, “3” and “4”
ports are the outputs. In case of combining “1”, “2”, “3” and “4” work as input
ports while “C” is the output one.
RF ports:
¾ 1 DL common RF
port (“C”)
¾ 4 DL splitted RF
ports
(“1”,“2”,“3”,“4”)
¾ 1 UL common RF
port (”C”)
¾ 4 UL splitted RF
ports
(“1”,“2”,“3”,“4”)
Note: each
bidirectional.
port
UL common RF
port (SMA-f)
DL common RF
port (SMA-f)
is
DL splitted RF
ports (SMA-f)
UL splitted RF
ports (SMA-f)
TLCN4 main applications
Main applications of the TLCN4 module are:
x Connecting a BTS to more than one TFLN local unit, so that:
¾
TLCN4 splits the DL input coming from a BTS into 4 output signals entering 4 different
TFLN local units
¾
TLCN4 combines the UL inputs coming from 4 TFLN local units into 1 common signal,
entering the BTS
x Connecting a TFLN local unit to more than one BTS, so that:
¾TLCN4 combines the two DL inputs coming from 4 BTSs into 1 output signal entering the
TFLN local unit
¾TLCN4 splits the UL inputs coming from TFLN local unit into 4 different output signals
entering 4 different BTSs
More TLCN4 modules can be used in cascade connections.
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TLCN4 insertion loss
The TLCN4 insertion loss varies slightly with the frequency bands:
TLCN4 insertion loss
700-1400MHz
1400-2200MHz
2200-2500MHz
7.4 ± 0.4dB
8.0 ± 0.5dB
8.4 ± 0.4dB
When designing the system, remember to take into account the insertion loss of the TLCN2.
Warnings
The overall input power must not exceed +24dBm
TLCN4 Installation
Since the TLCN4 module requires no power supply it can be housed either in an active or a passive
TPRN subrack.
1. Unpack the kit which include
ƒ 1 TLCN4
ƒ 8 RF jumpers
2. Carefully insert the TLCN4 module in any of the TPRN subrack slots and lock the 4 screws on the
front corners.
3. Connect RF cables to UL and DL ports, according to what planned by designer. Use a specific
torque wrench to fix each cable to relevant ports.
4. In case some ports remain unused remember to connect them to a 50 ȍ load (not included)
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User Manual
4.5. RF diplexer TLDN
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Module name:
Description:
TLDN
The TLDN is a passive RF diplexer which combine/split low-band (8001000MHz) and high-band (1700-2200MHz) signals in a multi-band system.
Main operations carried out are:
¾
In Downlink it combines a low band RF signal (800MHz to 1000MHz)
and a high band RF signal (1700MHz to 2200MHz) into a common RF
path
¾
In UpLink it splits a composite signal into a low-band (800MHz to
1000MHz) and a high-band (1700MHz to 2200MHz) one.
As it is a passive device it doesn’t need power supply.
RF ports
¾
1 DL common RF port
(“C”), which sends out
the combined DL signal
¾
1 DL high-band RF
input
port,
which
receives the high-band
signal
¾
1 DL low-band RF
input
port,
which
receives the low-band
signal
¾
1 UL common RF port
(“C”), which receives
the combined UL signal
¾
1 UL high-band RF
output port, which
sends out the high-band
signal
¾
1 UL low-band RF
output port, which
sends out the low-band
signal
UL common RF
port (SMA-f)
DL common RF
port (SMA-f)
UL high-band RF
port (SMA-f)
DL high-band RF
port (SMA-f)
UL low-band RF
port (SMA-f)
DL low-band RF
port (SMA-f)
TLDN main applications
Main applications of the TLDN module are:
x Connecting 2 BTSs with different services to one TFLN local unit in a dual band system, so that:
¾
TLDN combines the DL inputs coming from 2 different BTSs (carrying different services) into
an output signal entering a TFLN local unit
¾
TLDN divides the UL input coming from a TFLN local unit into 2 UL outputs entering 2
different BTSs (carrying different services)
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User Manual
TLDN insertion loss
The TLDN insertion loss is as follows:
TLDN insertion loss
<1.5dB
When designing the system, remember to take into account the insertion loss of the TLDN.
Warnings
The overall input power must not exceed +27dBm
TLDN Installation
Since the TLDN module requires no power supply it can be housed either in an active or a passive
TPRN subrack.
1. Unpack the kit which include
ƒ 1 TLDN
ƒ 4 RF jumpers
2. Carefully insert the TLDN module in any of the TPRN subrack slots and lock the 4 screws on the
front corners.
3. Connect RF cables to UL and DL ports, according to what planned by designer. Use a specific
torque wrench to fix each cable to relevant ports.
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4.6. RF triplexer TLTN
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User Manual
Module name:
Description:
TLTN
The TLTN is a passive RF triplexer which combine/split low-band (8001000MHz), GSM1800 and UMTS signals in a multi-band system.
Main operations carried out are:
¾
In Downlink it combines a low band RF signal (800MHz to 1000MHz)
a GSM1800 signal and an UMTS signal into a common RF path
¾
In UpLink it splits a composite signal into a low-band (800MHz to
1000MHz) a GSM1800 and an UMTS one.
As it is a passive device it doesn’t need power supply.
RF ports
¾
1 DL common RF port
(“C”), which sends out
the combined DL signal
¾
1 DL UMTS RF input
port, which receives the
UMTS band signal
¾
1 DL GSM1800 RF
input
port,
which
receives the GSM1800
signal
¾
1 DL low band RF
input
port,
which
receives the low band
signal
¾
1 UL common port
(“C”), which receives
the combined UL signal
¾
1 UL UMTS RF output
port, which sends out
the UMTS signal
¾
1 UL GSM1800 RF
output port. which
sends out the GSM
1800 signal
¾
1 UL low band RF
output port, which
sends out the low band
signal
UL common RF
port (SMA-f)
DL UMTS port
(SMA-f)
DL common RF
port (SMA-f)
DL UMTS port
(SMA-f)
UL GSM1800
port (SMA-f)
DL GSM1800
port (SMA-f)
UL low band
port (SMA-f)
DL low band
port (SMA-f)
TLTN main applications
Main applications of the TLTN module are:
x Connecting 3 BTSs with different services to one TFLN local unit in a tri-band system, so that:
¾
TLTN combines the DL inputs coming from 3 different BTSs (carrying different services: low
band, GSM1800 and UMTS) into an output signal entering a TFLN local unit
¾
TLTN divides the UL input coming from a TFLN local unit into 3 UL outputs entering 3
different BTSs (carrying different services: low band, GSM1800 and UMTS)
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TLTN insertion loss
The TLTN insertion loss is as follows:
TLTN insertion loss
<3.5dB
When designing the system, remember to take into account the insertion loss of the TLDN.
Warnings
The overall input power must not exceed +27dBm
TLTN Installation
Since the TLTN module requires no power supply it can be housed either in an active or a passive TPRN
subrack.
1. Unpack the kit which include
ƒ 1 TLTN
ƒ 6 RF jumpers
2. Carefully insert the TLTN module in any of the TPRN subrack slots and lock the 4 screws on the front
corners.
3. Connect RF cables to UL and DL ports, according to what planned by designer. Use a specific torque
wrench to fix each cable to relevant ports.
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User Manual
4.7. RF duplexer THYN
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Module name:
Description:
THYN
THYN is a family of duplexers which combines/splits the downlink
and uplink paths into a single one while maintaining the required
isolation. As this device is band dependent be sure to choose the right
single band version.
RF ports
¾
1 DL port, which
receives DL signal
¾
1 UL port, which sends
out the UL signal
¾
1 common port (“C”),
which provides an UL
and DL combined
signal
RF port combining
UL and DL signals
DL RF port
UL RF port
THYN main applications
Main applications of the THYN module are:
x Connecting a BTSs with duplexed antenna port to a Britecell Plus system, so that:
¾
THYN combines/splits the DL and UL signals coming from a single port of the BTS into
two separated ports
THYN insertion loss
The THYN insertion loss is as follows:
THYN UL insertion loss
THYN DL insertion loss
Frequencies < 1GHz
7.0 ± 1dB
Frequencies > 1 GHz
7.0 ± 1.5dB
3.3 ± 0.5dB
UMTS
2.0 ± 0.5dB
When designing the system, remember to take into account the insertion loss of the TLDN.
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User Manual
Warnings
The overall input power must not exceed +30dBm
THYN Installation
Since the THYN module requires no power supply it can be housed either in an active or a passive
TPRN subrack.
1.
Unpack the kit which include
ƒ 1 THYN
ƒ 2 RF jumpers
2. Carefully insert the THYN module in any of the TPRN subrack slots and lock the 4 screws on the
front corners.
3. Connect RF cables to common, UL and DL ports, according to what planned by designer. Use a
specific torque wrench to fix each cable to relevant ports.
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4.8. RF attenuator TBSI
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User Manual
Module name:
Description
TBSI
The TBSI module is an adjustable RF attenuator, necessary in order
to:
¾
set the correct power level for the RF downlink signal
entering the DL input port of the TFLN local unit;
¾
set the correct power level for the RF uplink signal entering
the BTS, in order to meet desired requirements about BTS
blocking level and BTS receiver sensitivity
In order to set these different attenuations TBSI provides 2 separate
knobs to regulate UL and DL attenuations independently (please
refer to BriteTool manual to understand how to calculate the right
value of attenuation trough BriteTool)
RF ports
¾
1 DL RF input port
receiving the DL signal to
be attenuated
¾
1 DL RF output port
sending out the attenuated
DL signal
¾
1 UL RF input port
receiving the UL signal to
be attenuated
¾
1 UL RF output port
sending out the attenuated
UL signal
The attenuation required both
on DL and UL can be
properly set through relevant
knob (30dB range, 1dB step).
Downlink RF input (from BTS)
Downlink attenuation knob
Downlink RF output (to TFLN)
Uplink RF input (from TFLN)
Uplink attenuation knob
Uplink RF output (to BTS)
TBSI main applications
Main applications of the TBSI module are:
x adjusting RF levels coming to/from a BTSs:
¾
TBSI adjusts the DL signal to meet the required power level at TFLN DL input
¾
TBSI adjusts the UL signal coming from TFLN to provide the required blocking level
and receiver sensitivity to the BTS
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TBSI insertion loss
The TBSI insertion loss is as follows:
TBSI insertion loss
DC to 2GHz
< 1dB
2GHz to 2.17GHz
< 1.3dB
When designing the system, remember to take into account the insertion loss of the TBSI.
Warnings
The overall input power must not exceed +30dBm
TBSI Installation
Since the TBSI module requires no power supply it can be housed either in an active or a passive
TPRN subrack.
1. Unpack the kit which include
ƒ 1 TBSI
ƒ 2 RF jumpers
2. Carefully insert the TBSI module in any of the TPRN subrack slots and lock the 4 screws on the
front corners.
3. Connect RF cables according to what planned by designer. Use a specific torque wrench to fix
each cable to relevant ports.
4. Set proper attenuation values.
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User Manual
4.9. Digital RF attenuator TDI
MN024-04
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Module name:
Description
TDI
The TDI module is a digital adjustable RF attenuator, necessary in
order to:
¾
set the correct power level for the RF downlink signal
entering the DL input port of the TFLN local unit;
¾
set the correct power level for the RF uplink signal entering
the BTS, in order to meet desired requirements about BTS
blocking level and BTS receiver sensitivity. In UL apart from
the 30dB attenuation range, it is provided with a gain allowing
increasing dynamic available for the optimisation of the
performances at BTS side.
Being digital, the TDI is provided with a LCD panel and buttons
allowing setting the different attenuations on UL and DL
independently (please refer to BriteTool manual to understand how to
calculate the right value of attenuation trough BriteTool). The
attenuation settings can also be done remotely through the
supervision system.
RF ports
¾
1 DL RF input port
receiving the DL signal to
be attenuated
¾
1 DL RF output port
sending out the attenuated
DL signal
¾
1 UL RF input port
receiving the UL signal to
be attenuated
¾
1 UL RF output port
sending out the attenuated
UL signal
The attenuation required both
on DL and UL can be
properly set through LCD
display or supervision system
(30dB range, 1dB step).
Downlink RF input (from BTS)
Downlink RF output (to TFLN)
Attenuation setting buttons
Uplink RF input (from TFLN)
Uplink RF output (to BTS)
TDI main applications
Main applications of the TDI module are:
x adjusting RF levels coming to/from a BTSs:
¾
TBSI adjusts the DL signal to meet the required power level at TFLN DL input
¾
TBSI adjusts the UL signal coming from TFLN to provide the required blocking level
and receiver sensitivity to the BTS
It is advisable to use this module when an increase of the dynamic available on the UL path is
needed.
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User Manual
TDI visual alarms
The TDI front panel is provided
with 2 LEDs showing status and
alarm information.
LED meaning is reported on the
rightward table.
Further information about alarm
status is delivered by Britecell
Plus supervision system.
Label
LED colour
Meaning
Power
Green
Power supply status OK
UL Alarm
Red
UL amplifier failure
Tab. 13: Summary of TDI LEDs meaning
The Temperature alarm is considered a minor alarm and as the
policy is to show through LED signalling only the major alarm, it
will be provided only by the supervision system.
In case of power supply degradation the green LED switch off and
the problem is signalled through the supervision system.
TDI power supply
Each TDI digital attenuator is supplied by the subrack back-plane (+12V).
The power consumption of each TDI is 3W max.
Warnings
The overall input power must not exceed +30dBm
Inserting or removing TDI modules
x Do not remove or insert any TDI module into TPRN subrack before having switched off main
power supply.
x The TDI modules must be handled with care, in order to avoid damage to electrostatic sensitive
devices.
TDI Installation
The TDI digital attenuator is housed in a TPRN subrack and its dimensions are 19” width and 4HE
height. A TDI module can be accommodated in any of these 12 slots.
Note: In case a new TDI module has to be installed in a still working Master Unit, switch off the
subrack before inserting the plug-in TDI module
1.
2.
3.
4.
Unpack the kit which include
ƒ 1 TDI
ƒ 2 RF jumpers
Carefully insert the TDI module in any of the TPRN subrack slots and lock the 4 screws on the
front corners.
Connect RF cables according to what planned by designer. Use a specific torque wrench to fix
each cable to relevant ports.
Switch on the subrack and set proper attenuation values.
MN024-04
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Removing a TDI module
Switch off the Master Unit power supply and remove RF jumpers. Then
x unscrew the 4 screws and slowly remove the card.
x put the removed TDI card in its safety box.
x switch on again the Master Unit power supply.
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User Manual
4.10. Power limiter TMPx-10
MN024-04
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Module name:
TMPx-10
Description
TMPx-10 power limiter is available in two versions, one suitable for
2G services and the other for 3G.
This module monitors the DL input power and when Operator’s BTS
power increases above a set threshold, it ensures the signal path being
attenuated by 10dB to avoid subsequent circuits being overdriven.
TMPx-10 threshold is programmable through the supervision system.
RF ports
¾
1 DL RF input port
receiving the DL signal to
be checked from the BTS
¾
1 DL RF output port
sending out the DL signal
Downlink RF input (from BTS)
Downlink RF output
TMP main applications
Main applications of the TMP module are:
x Check DL RF level coming from a BTS in order to protect the system if the level exceed a
programmed threshold
TMP visual alarms
The TMP front panel is
provided with 3 LEDs
showing status and alarm
information.
LED meaning is reported on
the rightward table.
Further information about
alarm status is delivered by
Britecell Plus supervision
system.
80
Label
LED colour
Meaning
Power
Green
Power supply status OK
Warning Amber
Alarm
Red
It signals a general warning which
can be due to:
- over temperature
- no RF signal at input port
General TMP failure, it can be:
- power supply degradation
- switched mode active (10dB att.)
Tab. 14: Summary of TMP LEDs meaning
User Manual
TMP power supply
Each TMPx-10 power limiter is supplied by the subrack back-plane (+12V).
The power consumption of each TMPx-10 is 2W max.
TMP insertion loss
The TMP insertion loss is as follows:
TMP insertion loss
< 1.5dB
When designing the system, remember to take into account the insertion loss of the TMP.
Warnings
The overall input power must not exceed +35dBm
Inserting or removing TMP modules
x Do not remove or insert any TMP module into TPRN subrack before having switched off main
power supply.
x The TMP modules must be handled with care, in order to avoid damage to electrostatic sensitive
devices.
TMP installation
The TMP power limiter is housed in a TPRN subrack and its dimensions are 19” width and 4HE
height. A TMP module can be accommodated in any of these 12 slots.
Note: In case a new TMP module has to be installed in a still working Master Unit, switch off the
subrack before inserting the plug-in TMP module
1.
2.
3.
4.
Unpack the kit which include
ƒ 1 TMP
ƒ 1 RF jumper
Carefully insert the TMP module in any of the TPRN subrack slots and lock the 4 screws on the
front corners.
Connect RF cables according to what planned by designer. Use a specific torque wrench to fix
each cable to relevant ports.
Switch on the subrack
Removing a TMP module
Switch off the Master Unit power supply and remove RF jumpers. Then
x unscrew the 4 screws and slowly remove the card.
x put the removed TMP card in its safety box.
x switch on again the Master Unit power supply.
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5. Optional equipment
and accessories
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User Manual
5.1. WLAN interface TWLI
MN024-04
83
Module name:
Description
TWLI
Britecell Plus system allows distributing WLAN service (802.11b) through
an auxiliary channel while concentrating all the Access Points together with
the central equipment.
The TWLI module allows connecting up to 3 Access Points to one TFLN
and setting up to 4dB attenuation, if needed, on the DL path.
RF ports
¾
3 DL RF input
ports receiving the
DL signals from up
to
different
Access Points
¾
1 DL RF output
port sending out
the DL signal to the
TFLN
auxiliary
port
¾
1 UL RF input port
receiving the UL
signal from the
TFLN
auxiliary
port
¾
3 UL RF output
ports sending out
the UL signals to
up to 3 different
Access Points
DL RF output to TFLN
DL RF input
from Access Points 1 to 3
Attenuation setting buttons
UL RF output
to Access Points 1 to 3
UL RF input from TFLN
A 4dB attenuation
range is available on
the DL path in order to
adjust levels coming
from
the
Access
Points.
TWLI main applications
Main applications of the TWLI module are:
x provide to the TFLN the WLAN signals coming from up to 3 Access Points concentrated on the
same room.
TWLI power supply
Each TWLI WLAN interface module is supplied by the subrack back-plane (+12V).
The power consumption of each TWLI is 2W max.
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User Manual
Warnings
The overall input power must not exceed +19dBm
Inserting or removing TWLI modules
x Do not remove or insert any TWLI module into TPRN subrack before having switched off main
power supply.
x The TWLI modules must be handled with care, in order to avoid damage to electrostatic sensitive
devices.
TWLI installation
The TWLI WLAN interface is housed in a TPRN subrack and its dimensions are 19” width and 4HE
height. A TWLI module can be accommodated in any of these 12 slots.
Note: In case a new TWLI module has to be installed in a still working Master Unit, switch off the
subrack before inserting the plug-in TWLI module
1.
2.
3.
4.
Unpack the kit which include
ƒ 1 TWLI
ƒ 2 RF jumpers
Carefully insert the TWLI module in any of the TPRN subrack slots and lock the 4 screws on the
front corners.
Connect RF cables according to what planned by designer. Use a specific torque wrench to fix
each cable to relevant ports.
Switch on the subrack
Removing a TWLI module
Switch off the Master Unit power supply and remove RF jumpers. Then
x unscrew the 4 screws and slowly remove the card.
x put the removed TWLI card in its safety box.
x switch on again the Master Unit power supply.
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5.2. Amplifier TWANx
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User Manual
Module name:
Description
TWAN
The purpose of the TWAN module is to amplify DL and UL signals when
Britecell Plus is interfaced with a low power BTS.
The gain allows also compensating for losses in splitting/combining network.
As this device is band dependent be sure to choose the right single band
version.
RF ports
¾
1 DL RF input port
receiving the DL signal
from BTS
¾
1 DL RF output port
sending out the amplified
DL signal to the TFLN
¾
1 UL RF input port
receiving the UL signal
from TFLN
¾
1 UL RF output port
sending out the amplified
UL signal to the BTS
DL RF input from BTS
DL RF output to TFLN
UL RF input from TFLN
UL RF output to BTS
TWAN main applications
Main applications of the TWAN module are:
x amplifying the levels to/from a low power BTS:
x compensate for splitting/combining network losses
TWAN visual alarms
The TWAN front panel is
provided with 3 LEDs
showing status and alarm
information.
LED meaning is reported on
the rightward table.
Further information about
alarm status is delivered by
Britecell Plus supervision
system.
MN024-04
Label
LED colour
Meaning
Power
Green
Power supply status OK
UL Alarm
Red
UL amplifier failure
DL Alarm
Red
DL amplifier failure
Tab. 15: Summary of TWAN LEDs meaning
The Temperature alarm is considered a minor alarm and as the policy is to
show through LED signalling only the major alarm, it will be provided only
by the supervision system.
In case of power supply degradation the green LED switch off and the
problem is signalled through the supervision system.
87
TWAN power supply
Each TWAN digital attenuator is supplied by the subrack back-plane (+12V).
The power consumption of each TWAN module is 3W max.
Warnings
The overall input power must not exceed 0dBm
Inserting or removing TWAN modules
x Do not remove or insert any TWAN module into TPRN subrack before having switched off main power
supply.
x The TWAN modules must be handled with care, in order to avoid damage to electrostatic sensitive
devices.
TWAN Installation
The TWAN digital attenuator is housed in a TPRN subrack and its dimensions are 19” width and 4HE
height. A TWAN module can be accommodated in any of these 12 slots.
Note: In case a new TWAN module has to be installed in a still working Master Unit, switch off the subrack
before inserting the plug-in TWAN module
1.
2.
3.
4.
Unpack the kit which include
ƒ 1 TWAN
ƒ 2 RF jumpers
Carefully insert the TWAN module in any of the TPRN subrack slots and lock the 4 screws on the front
corners.
Connect RF cables according to what planned by designer. Use a specific torque wrench to fix each
cable to relevant ports.
Switch on the subrack.
Removing a TWAN module
Switch off the Master Unit power supply and remove RF jumpers. Then
x unscrew the 4 screws and slowly remove the card.
x put the removed TWAN card in its safety box.
x switch on again the Master Unit power supply.
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User Manual
5.3. WLAN booster TFBWx
MN024-04
89
Module name:
Description
TFBW
Britecell Plus system allows distributing WLAN service (802.11b) through
an auxiliary channel while concentrating all the Access Points together with
the central equipment.
The TFBW radio front end is connected to the remote unit in order to
provide the radio coverage through the antennas (one for TX and the other
for RX, required isolation between these antennas is 50dB). Up to 2 TFBW
boosters can be cascaded to provide two coverage points.
RF ports
¾
1 DL RF AUX
input port receiving
the DL signal from
TFLN
¾
1 DL RF AUX
output port sending
out the DL signal
to another TFBW
slave
¾
1 TX antenna port
¾
1 UL RF AUX
input port receiving
the UL signal from
another
TFBW
slave
¾
1 UL RF AUX
output port sending
out the UL signal
to the TFLN
¾
1 RX antenna port
TX antenna (N-f)
RX antenna (N-f)
Power
supply
DL AUX
from TFLN (N-f)
to slave (sma-f)
UL AUX
from slave (sma-f)
to TFLN (N-f)
MASTER/SLAVE
selector
alarm connector
A MASTER/SLAVE
selector is provided
allowing connecting
two cascaded boosters
TFBW main applications
Main applications of the TFBW module are:
x amplify UL and DL WLAN signals coming to/from the auxiliary channel of a TFLN
x provide WLAN coverage through a TX and a RX antenna
90
User Manual
Visual alarms:
TFBW LED panel
Two control LEDs are
provided on the TFBW
front side.
The green LED describes
the power supply status,
while
the
red
LED
describes the major booster
failures.
Dry contact alarms:
Led colour
Meaning
Red
DL amplifier failure
Green
Power supply status OK
dry contact
TFBW is provided with a
dry contact output, which
can be connected to any of
the dry contacts available
on the remote unit. In such
way,
the
alarm
information about this
external device can be
signalled through the red
LED of remote unit.
Dry contacts are open under
non-alarm condition
Power supply:
TFBW WLAN booster can be powered by universal mains (85/265 Vac) or by negative supply (-72/36 Vdc).
The power consumption of each TFWB module is 16W max.
Warnings
Choosing a proper installation site for the WLAN booster
x WLAN boosters are to be installed as close as possible to the radiating antennas, in order to
minimize coaxial cable length.
x When positioning the TFBW booster, consider that the placing of the relating antennas should
guaranteed an isolation between antennas of at least 50dB
x The TFBW booster is intended to be fixed on walls, false ceilings or other flat vertical surfaces
TFBW installation
The kit includes:
x 1 TFBW booster
x 2 50 ȍ sma loads
x 2 RF jumpers
x 1 alarm cable
and according to the chosen model mains plug or -48 plug
MN024-04
91
To install the TFBW WLAN booster follow next steps:
1. drill into the wall so as to install four M4 screw anchors (not included) according to the
dimensions indicated by the installation drawing in fig. 6.
2. fix the TFBW booster to the wall by firmly screwing the anchors.
3. connect RF cables according to what planned by designer. Use a specific torque wrench to fix
each cable to relevant ports.
4. connect the TFBW to the power supply.
92
User Manual
5.4. Remote power supply TRS/TRSN
MN024-04
93
Module name:
Description
TRS/TRSN
TRS/TRSN provides centralised supply to all remote units through
individual outputs with short circuit protection switches.
Main supply (230Vac or 115Vac) is converted into a -48Vdc.
TRS/TRSN supply unit has been designed to provide DC supply with
standard AWG14/16 copper line to the remote units. Maximum
allowed distance depends on copper section, remote unit current
consumption and voltage range.
A passive option is available if -48Vdc is already provided.
Active distribution
Passive distribution
Ports
TRS version is applicable
to all low power remote
units and TFAN20. It is
available with
x 24 supply outputs
x 12 supply outputs
TRSN version is applicable
to tri-band and medium
power remote units. It is
available with
x 12 supply outputs
94
Short-protection
switch
Supply outputs
Main fuses
and voltage
selector
User Manual
Power supply:
Two
types
of
mains
(115/230VAC, 50/60Hz) can be
applied to the TRS/TRSNx2
versions which have been
designed for active distribution
of nominal -48VDC. Mains
connector and voltage selector
are placed on the back panel.
Mains connector
and fuses
Voltage
selector
Ground screw
A TRS/TRSNx1 passive version is available in which a
direct current (–72 to –36 VDC) can be applied to the
system. Power supply cabling is provided: the blue cable
support –48 VDC, the black one 0 VDC.
Ground terminals are part of supply connectors. An external grounding terminal (screw) is also
available.
Mains connector and switch houses also the fuses:
x 250V, 4A delayed type for the active version
x -48V, 15A delayed type for the passive version
Warnings
x Caution: do not open the unit before disconnecting the mains. Internal assemblies can be
accessed by qualified personnel only
x Do not connect supply outputs to remote units before switching off the unit or disconnecting
the mains
x Being a DC supply provided, a wrong connection can damage the remote unit. Verify the
proper polarity before switching on the equipment.
MN024-04
95
TFBW installation
The TRS/TRSN subrack should be placed as near as possible to the TPRN to allow an easy cabling
in case of mixed fibre-copper cables. If the subrack mounting location is not provided with a good
air circulation, leave at least one unit free between subracks.
The kit includes a TRS/TRSN and a power cable.
1. Fix the TRS/TRSN subrack to the cabine with 4 screws
2. During the installation phase don’t connect the power cable to the main power line and don’t
switch on the TRS/TRSN
3. Set the switch in accordance with your main power line (115 Vac or 230 Vac) for universal
mains option. In case of negative supply option (-48 VDC), no switch is provided. Then
connect the ground screw.
4. Before connecting the wires from TRS/TRSN to the remote units, open all the fuses pulling the
red circle then connect electrical wires for the remote units
5. When all electrical wires have been connected and the system is ready to start, connect the
power cable, switch on the TRS/TRSN. Push one fuse at a time.
Each remote unit can be switched on-off by the relevant switch. The pictures below show how to
do it.
OFF position
ON position: push down the black button
To switch off pull out the red collar.
If a surge or an overloading condition occurred the switch automatically jump into an OFF
position.
96
User Manual
TRS/TRSN startup
x Check that power supply voltage selector is in the correct position (115 or 230 VAC). In
passive distribution version this selector is not present.
x Have all the switches in OFF position
x Check the connection polarity is not wrong
x Power on the TRS/TRSN unit through the back general switch
x Power on each remote unit through the front panel switches
x Check if the remote units shows the proper green supply led ON
TRS/TRSN Troubleshooting
If the remote unit doesn't appear to be properly supplied
x Check the fuses on the rear panel
x Check the voltage at the front panel screw connectors: nominal value without load is -59VDC,
nominal value with full load is -48VDC. If Those values are exceeded by 10% check the if the
mains are within the allowed limits. In passive distribution version, the output voltage depends
on the supply source.
x Check the voltage at the remote side it should be in the range -36 to -72 VDC that is the
maximum allowed range admitted by the remote units.
If the protection switch jump always in OFF position
x Check if any short on the line
x Check if the remote unit shows the nominal current power consumption.
x Check if any long period overshooting related to the mains supply.
If the fuses blow up after a power-on with all the front switches ON, there should be a too high
initial peak current transient: check the proper fuse (delayed type) or substitute with an higher
current fuse (i.e. 6A or 10 A). If the problem still persists check the proper ground /mains
connection.
MN024-04
97

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Metadata Date                   : 2004:06:24 18:24:26Z
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Title                           : MN024-04 rev3.pdf

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