Apple EarlierPowerMac 0309721APM6500UM User Manual Power Macintosh6500Series User’s

User Manual: Apple EarlierPowerMac PowerMacintosh6500Series-User’sManual

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Getting Started
Chapter 1

Setting Up Your Computer

Chapter 2

Learning to Use Your Computer

Chapter 3

Installing and Using Software

part

Follow the instructions in this
chapter to set up your computer
and learn the basics.

Getting Started

The illustration on the next page shows all the equipment you will need to set
up your computer and begin using it. Place your equipment on a sturdy, flat
surface near a grounded wall outlet. Before following the setup instructions in
this chapter, you may want to read “Arranging Your Office” in Appendix A
(in the section on health-related information) for tips on adjusting your work
furniture so that you’re comfortable when using the computer.

Monitor
(Your monitor may look different from this.)
Macintosh computer

Keyboard cable
(permanently attached
to the keyboard)

Keyboard
Mouse

Monitor power cord
(sometimes built into the monitor)
Computer power cord

Apple PlainTalk Microphone (optional)

Monitor cable
(sometimes built into the monitor)

Plugging in the computer
Before you plug your Macintosh into a wall socket, carefully read all the
setup instructions in this chapter. Then, before you connect anything to your
Macintosh, follow the instructions in this section on how to plug it in. The
plug grounds the computer and protects it from electrical damage while you
are setting up.
When you are ready to begin, follow these steps:
1

Place the computer where you want it—either on the floor or on a sturdy desk.

If your computer came with a modem, you may want to set your computer
near a phone jack (if possible) so that you can connect your modem later.
2

Make sure the voltage switch on the back of the computer is set for the kind of voltage
system you will be connecting to.

The voltage switch must be set correctly to avoid damaging your computer.
If you don’t know the voltage used in the country you’re in, refer to the table
“Voltages for Different Locations” later in this chapter.
Before you plug your computer in,
check to see that the voltage
switch on the back is
properly set. If you need
to change the setting,
insert a small screwdriver
here and slide the switch.
Set the switch to show “115” for
voltages less than 135; set it to show
“230” for voltages greater than 180.
(Your computer will not operate
in the 135–179 volt range.)

Getting Started

Voltages for different locations
For any voltages less than 135 in the chart below, set the voltage switch on the
back of your computer to “115.” Set the switch to show “230” for a voltage
greater than 180.
IMPORTANT In some countries, you may have one of two voltages. If you’re not
sure which of the two voltages you have, check with your electricity supply
company before plugging in your computer.

Chapter 1

Country

Voltage

Japan

100

Algeria, Indonesia, Lebanon, Libya, Peru, S. Korea, Vietnam

100 or 220

Ecuador, Jamaica, Philippines, Taiwan

110

Bermuda, Canada, Puerto Rico, United States, Venezuela

120

Colombia, Mexico, Saudi Arabia

127

Brazil

127 or 220

Hong Kong

200

India, South Africa

220–250

Israel, Pakistan, Singapore

230

Australia, Kuwait, Malta, New Zealand, Northern Ireland,
Papua New Guinea, Oman, Qatar, United Kingdom

240

Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,
Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland

220–230

Bahrain, Chile, China (People’s Republic), Czechoslovakia, Egypt,
Greenland, Hungary, Iceland, Iran, Jordan, Liechtenstein, Nepal,
Paraguay, Poland, Romania, United Arab Emirates, Russia and the
Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS),Yemen, Yugoslavia

220

Plug the socket end of the computer’s power cord into the recessed power plug on the
back of the computer.

Plug the other end of the power cord into a three-hole grounded outlet or power strip.

Make sure at least one end of the power cord is within reach so that when you
need to unplug the computer you can do so easily.
® Standby power button

Power cord socket

Computer power cord

Power cord plug

WARNING This equipment is intended to be electrically grounded. Your

Macintosh is equipped with a three-wire grounding plug—a plug that
has a third (grounding) pin. This plug will fit only a grounded AC outlet.
This is a safety feature. If you are unable to insert the plug into the
outlet, contact a licensed electrician to replace the outlet with a properly
grounded outlet. Do not defeat the purpose of the grounding plug!
If the computer starts up: If you hear a tone, the computer has started up and
you need to turn it off before proceeding. Press the standby power button (®)
located on the back of the computer to turn it off.

Getting Started

Connecting a monitor
You can connect many types of monitors to your Macintosh. To connect a
monitor, refer to the instructions that came with it, in addition to the
instructions here.

Connecting the monitor power cord
Monitors have two cords to connect: a monitor power cord and a monitor cable.
To connect the monitor power cord, follow these steps:
1

Place the monitor where you’ll be using it.

Keep these considerations in mind:
m Allow 3 or more inches for air circulation around the computer and monitor.
m Position the monitor with the top of the screen at slightly below eye level
when you sit at the keyboard.
m Position the monitor to minimize glare and reflections on the screen from
overhead lights and windows.
m Consult “Arranging Your Office” in Appendix A for suggestions on
locating your computer equipment.
2

Connect the monitor power cord to the monitor.

On some monitors, the cord is already attached.

Chapter 1

Plug in the monitor power cord.

Some monitor power cords are designed to plug into the back of your computer.
Some monitor power cords must be connected to a grounded electrical outlet,
not to the computer. Check the information that came with the monitor.

Monitor power socket

Monitor power cord

Monitor power cord plug

Getting Started

Connecting the monitor cable
After you plug in the monitor power cord, connect the monitor cable to the
computer’s monitor port.
To connect the monitor cable, follow these steps:
1

Attach the monitor cable to the monitor so that it appears as shown in the illustration.

On some monitors, the cable is already attached.
2

Attach the monitor cable to the monitor port on the back of the computer so that it
appears as shown in the illustration.

™ Monitor port

Monitor cable

If your monitor has a microphone or speakers, you may need to connect
additional cables. See the documentation that came with the monitor.

Chapter 1

Connecting the mouse and keyboard
If you have a pointing device other than a mouse, you can connect it
following the instructions in this section. (Note that some devices require that
you install additional software to use them with your computer. For
instructions, see the documentation that came with your device.)
1

Plug the mouse cable into the recessed port on the back of the keyboard.

The plug and the port are marked with the V icon (symbol). The positions of
the port and icon on your keyboard may be different from those pictured.
By the way: A port marked with the V icon is called an Apple Desktop Bus
(ADB) port.
Plug the mouse cable into the recessed port
on the keyboard. The flat part of the plug
should be pointing down, as shown here.

This cable plugs into the Apple Desktop Bus (ADB) port,
marked with the V icon, on the back of the computer.

Getting Started

Plug the keyboard cable into the ADB port marked with the V icon on the back of
the computer.

V ADB port

Some monitors also have a port to which you can connect the keyboard or
mouse. See the information that came with the monitor.

Chapter 1

If you want to adjust the keyboard angle, lower the feet on the keyboard.

To adjust the keyboard angle, lower the feet until they snap into position.

Connecting other equipment
If you are new to the Macintosh, it’s a good idea to get some experience using
your computer before you connect other equipment, such as a printer or
scanner. To learn basic Macintosh skills, continue with the instructions in
this chapter.
When you’re ready to connect other equipment to your Macintosh, see the
instructions in Chapter 3.

Getting Started

Turning the computer on for the first time
To turn the computer on for the first time, follow these steps:
1

Turn on your monitor.

Note: You may not see the monitor power come on until you turn on the
computer in the next step. Also, larger monitors can take several seconds to
turn on if you have extra DRAM installed in your computer.
See the information that came with your monitor for the location of the power
switch. On newer Apple monitors, the power switch is located on the front of
the unit.
By the way: Depending on the type of monitor you have, you may only need
to turn it on once. Some monitors turn off automatically when you shut
down the computer, and turn on automatically when you start up the
computer. Other monitors have to be turned on separately each time you
turn on the computer.
2

Press the Power key (marked with a π) on your keyboard.

You hear a tone from the computer as it starts up.

Chapter 1

Check to see what’s on your screen.

You see a sequence of messages describing what is happening, followed by
the Energy Saver dialog box.
m If you see a blinking question mark, see “Solutions to Common Problems
With Your Computer” in Chapter 9.
m If you see anything else on your screen, or if you see nothing at all, see
“Problems Turning On Your Computer?”, next.
m If you are a beginning Macintosh user, press the Return key on your
keyboard when the Energy Saver dialog box appears.

m If you’re an experienced Macintosh user, you may want to set your energysaving options now. For more information, refer to “Saving Energy With
the Energy Saver Control Panel,” later in this chapter, and to the “Saving
Energy” topic area of Macintosh Guide (or Mac OS Guide), available in the
Guide (h) menu.

Getting Started

m If, when you press Return, you see the Macintosh desktop (shown here),
your system software is already set up correctly.
Skip now to the section, “What’s Next?”

Hard disk
icon

Macintosh
desktop

Note: To save energy, your computer is automatically set to put itself to sleep
if you don’t use it for 30 minutes or more (the computer goes into powersaving mode and the screen turns black). If this happens while you’re setting
it up, simply press the Power key or any key on the keyboard but Caps Lock
to “wake up” the computer (it may take a few seconds). See “Saving Energy
With the Energy Saver Control Panel” later in this chapter for more
information on setting power-saving options.

Chapter 1

Problems turning on your computer?
If the screen is dark, check these items to see if you can identify
the problem:
m Is the computer plugged into a power source? If it is plugged into a
power strip, is the power strip turned on?
m Is the computer turned on? The power-on light on the front panel
should be on. If it isn’t, press the standby power button (marked with
the symbol ®) on the back of the computer.
m Are the keyboard and mouse cables connected correctly? (Don’t
disconnect the keyboard or mouse cable while the computer is on.
You could damage your equipment.)
m Is the monitor power cord plugged in?
m Is the monitor turned on? (Check the power-on light on the front of
the monitor.)
m Is the monitor cable—the one connected to the monitor video port
(™) on your computer—attached firmly to both the monitor and
computer?
m Is the brightness control on the monitor adjusted correctly? (On most
monitors, the brightness control is marked with the symbol ¤.)
If you see a blinking question mark on the screen, turn to “Solutions to
Common Problems With Your Computer” in Chapter 9.

Getting Started

What’s next?
Congratulations! You’ve finished setting up your computer. Now continue
with one of the following steps:
m If you are new to the Macintosh, see the next section, “Learning the Basics.”
m If you are an experienced Macintosh user, turn to Chapter 2, “Getting
Help,” to learn about onscreen help (called “Macintosh Guide” or “Mac OS
Guide”). Or choose Macintosh Guide (or Mac OS Guide) from the Guide
menu (h) in the upper-right corner of your screen and explore it yourself.

What you can’t find in this manual you can
find in Macintosh Guide (or Mac OS Guide),
your main source of information when working
with your computer.

m If you want to connect other equipment, such as a printer, to your computer,
see Chapter 3, “Expanding Your Computer and Using Its Special Features.”
m If you want to install application software on your computer, see
Chapter 4, “Installing and Using Application Programs.” The chapter
contains information on setting up your programs and managing memory.
You’ll need this information to properly set up any programs specifically
designed for computers with PowerPC microprocessors.
m If you want to turn off your computer, see “Turning the Computer Off”
later in this chapter.
IMPORTANT If you need to turn off your computer at any point, please see
“Turning the Computer Off” later in this chapter. It is very important to use
the correct procedure for shutting down your Macintosh before turning it off.

Before you begin working with your computer, be sure to read the important
health and safety information in Appendix A.

Chapter 1

Learning the basics
If you are new to the Macintosh, you should begin by looking at the
easy-to-use program called the Macintosh Tutorial. The tutorial teaches you
the basic skills you need to use your computer. To start the tutorial, follow
these steps:
1

Slide your mouse along your mouse pad or desk.

Hold the mouse as shown, with the cable pointing away from you. Rest the
heel of your palm on the desk and grasp the sides of the mouse between your
thumb and fingers. Use your wrist and fingers to slide the mouse around with
the index finger resting on the mouse button. Don’t press the mouse button
(under your index finger). Notice that the arrow (8) on the screen moves in
the same direction that you move the mouse.
Mouse button

If the arrow doesn’t move, make sure that the cables connecting the mouse
and keyboard are secure and that your mouse is positioned as shown in the
illustration.
2

Move the tip of the arrow (8) to the question mark (h) in the upper-right portion of
the screen.

If you run out of room on your mouse pad or desk while moving the mouse,
pick up the mouse and place it where there’s more room. (The arrow on the
screen moves only when the mouse is in contact with the mouse pad or desk.)

Getting Started

With the tip of the arrow on the question mark, press and hold down the mouse button.

A list of choices (called a menu) appears. This is the Guide (h) menu, which
is the place to go when you have a question about how to use your computer.

While holding down the mouse button, move the arrow until the words “Macintosh
Tutorial” are highlighted, then release the button.

A window appears welcoming you to the tutorial. You can set this book aside
for now and follow the instructions on the screen. When you have completed
the tutorial, return to this book.

Chapter 1

Reviewing the basics
Use the following illustrations to review the elements on your screen with
which you work on your computer.

Icons

Window

Menus
The strip across the top of the screen is called the menu bar. The symbols and
words in it represent “menus” (lists) of commands. To open a menu, place the
pointer on the symbol or word for the menu and press the mouse button.
Guide menu
To find an answer to a question,
look in the Guide (h) menu.
Application menu
You can have several
applications open at
once. To see which
application is active
or to switch from one
application to another,
use this menu.

Getting Started

Icons
Icons are small pictures that represent disks, programs, documents, and
folders. You can double-click any icon to open it and see what it contains.
This icon represents your computer’s internal hard disk.
Icons like this one represent application programs, which you use to create
documents and do other work.
Icons like this one represent documents, which you can create and edit.

Icons like this represent folders. A folder contains other icons.

To throw away an item you no longer want, drag it to the Trash icon and choose
Empty Trash from the Special menu.

Windows
Windows are boxes that display text, graphics, and icons. To change the shape
or position of a window, or to close the window, use the elements shown here.
Close box
To close a window,
click the close box.

Title bar
To move a window, drag it by the middle of the title bar
(anywhere in the bar except the small boxes on the ends).
Zoom box
To make the window bigger, click
once here. Click again to return the
window to its original size.

To bring a partially
covered window
to the front, click
anywhere in it.

Chapter 1

Scroll arrow
To bring hidden portions of a window’s
contents into view, click one of the four
scroll arrows.
Size box
To change the shape or size of a
window, drag the size box.

Saving energy with the Energy Saver control panel
When you save energy, you save natural resources and reduce pollution. Your
Power Macintosh contains features that automatically save energy. You can
increase the energy savings by using the Energy Saver control panel to turn
your computer off if you won’t be using it for a while—for example, overnight
or over the weekend.
The Energy Saver dialog box (shown in step 3 of “Turning the Computer On
for the First Time” earlier in this chapter) appears every time you start your
computer until you open the Energy Saver control panel. Once you open the
control panel, you can keep the preset options shown there, or set your own
energy-saving options. If you do not want to set your energy-saving options
when the Energy Saver dialog box is displayed, you can click Close Message
or press Return (the Energy Saver dialog box continues to appear when you
start your computer).

Setting energy-saving options
You can get to the Energy Saver control panel by clicking Specify Settings in
the Energy Saver dialog box that appears when you start your computer or by
choosing Control Panels in the Apple (K) menu.
The Energy Saver control panel displays the options you can accept or
change, as described next in this section. For more information on using the
Energy Saver control panel, see the “Saving Energy” topic area of Macintosh
Guide (or Mac OS Guide), available in the Guide (h) menu.

Getting Started

Putting your computer to sleep
Your Power Macintosh is preset to put itself to sleep after 30 minutes of
inactivity. When your computer goes to sleep, the screen enters a low-power
mode in which it dims and the hard disk stops spinning but remains ready to
start back up quickly. (To prevent your computer from overheating, the fan
will continue to spin.) If the computer goes to sleep while you have unsaved
information on screen, you do not lose any of the information.
To put your computer to sleep right away, choose the Sleep command from
the Special menu, or press the Power key on the keyboard to bring up the
Shutdown dialog box pictured below.

Click here to put your computer
to sleep now.

You can set sleep options by clicking Sleep Setup in the Energy Saver control
panel, available under Control Panels in the Apple (K) menu. You click to put
an X in a checkbox to indicate that the option is selected. If you want to
deselect it, click to remove the X.

An X here makes
the computer shut
down instead of
going to sleep.
An X here lets you set
separate timing for
monitor sleep.
An X here lets you set
separate timing for
hard disk sleep.

Chapter 1

Click here to see options for
automatic startup and shutdown.

Drag the slider to set the time
to wait before sleeping.

Waking your computer from sleep
To wake the computer from sleep, press any key on the keyboard except Caps
Lock. (It may take a moment or two for the computer to awaken.) The
documents and application programs you had open when the computer went
into sleep are still open and unsaved changes are preserved.

Accessing a sleeping computer over a network
If your computer is being used as a server, other users can still access it over
a network while it is asleep if you set server options that prevent the hard disk
from going to sleep. (You can set server options using the Preferences menu
when the Energy Saver control panel is displayed.) The network connection
does not have to be established before the computer goes to sleep. However, if
you’ve chosen to have your computer shut itself down rather than go to sleep,
other users will not be able to access it over a network after the computer
shuts itself down.

Scheduling automatic startup and shutdown
You can set your computer to start up and shut down at specified times using
the Energy Saver control panel. An X in a checkbox means the option is
selected. If you want to deselect it, click to remove the X. If there’s an unsaved
document open on your desktop when the scheduled shutdown time occurs, it
is saved automatically in a folder on your startup disk. The folder is named
with the date and time of the shutdown.
To see sleep options,
you click here.

Click here to set your
computer to start up
automatically. (Use
the pop-up menu and
text box to choose
frequency and time.)

Click here to set your computer
to shut down automatically.

Getting Started

Turning the computer off
You can turn the computer off either by using the Power key on the keyboard
or by choosing Shut Down from the Special menu.
Note: If it is open, the tray on your CD-ROM drive automatically closes when
you shut down your computer. If you have left a CD-ROM disc in the tray,
you may want to open the tray and take the disc out before shutting down.

Using the Power key
To turn the computer off using the Power key on the keyboard, follow
these instructions:
1

If the computer is in sleep mode (the monitor is on but the screen is dark), press any key
except Caps Lock to wake it.

Press and hold down the Power key on the keyboard for about 2 seconds.

The following dialog box appears on the screen:

Press the Return key on the keyboard (or click the Shut Down button in the dialog box).

Using the Shut Down command
To turn the computer off by choosing Shut Down from the Special menu,
follow these instructions:

Chapter 1

Move the tip of the arrow (8) to the Special menu at the top of the screen.

With the tip of the arrow on the word “Special,” press and hold down the mouse button.

While holding down the mouse button, move the arrow down the list of choices until the
words Shut Down are highlighted, then release the mouse button.

If you can’t shut down your computer
If a problem with the computer prevents you from using the Power key on
the keyboard or choosing Shut Down—for example, if the computer “freezes”
so that the pointer does not respond to the mouse—you can turn off the
computer by pressing the standby power button (®) on the back of
the computer.
IMPORTANT You could lose unsaved work if you use the standby power
button on the back of the computer to turn it off. Only use the standby
power button when there is a problem that prevents the computer from being
turned off with the Power key on the keyboard or the Shut Down command.
To make sure your work is saved, use the Power key on the keyboard or the
Shut Down command.

Turning the computer on
To turn on the computer after you’ve shut it down (either by pressing the
Power key on the keyboard or by choosing Shut Down from the Special menu):
m Press the Power key (marked with a π) on the keyboard.
Note: Your monitor may have to be turned on separately each time you turn
on the computer. If you have trouble turning on your computer, see the
section “Problems Turning On Your Computer?” earlier in this chapter.

Getting Started

Where to find answers
When you have questions about using your Macintosh, there are several
places where you can look for answers.
In the Guide menu
The Guide menu (marked with the h icon) is your main source of
information about the Macintosh. To learn how to get several kinds
of help from the Guide menu, see Chapter 2 in this book.

In this book
Power Mac
intosh

User’s Man
ual

Use this book to help you set up your computer and learn about it,
or to find solutions to problems with your equipment.

In other manuals
Some of the programs that came installed on your computer have
separate manuals, either in the box with your computer or stored on
your computer’s hard disk.

From Read Me files
The Apple Extras folder (in your System Folder) on your hard disk
contains a SimpleText document, called About Apple Extras, with
important information about some of the application programs
included with your computer. Similar files called Read Me files can
be found inside application folders.

From Apple’s customer support hotline
If you can’t find an answer in any of the materials provided, call the
customer support hotline. The phone number for the hotline is in the
service and support information that came with your computer.

Note: If you have problems with an application program not
published by Apple, call the program’s publisher.

Chapter 1

Use the instructions in this
chapter to learn about the help
available to you in the Guide menu.

Getting Help

The Guide menu contains online help and information and is your main
source of information when working with your computer. The menu is
identified by a question mark (h) in the upper-right corner of the screen.

Getting answers to your questions
When you have a question while working with your computer, you can get the
answer by choosing Macintosh Guide from the Guide menu.
Note: In some versions of system software, Macintosh Guide is called
Mac OS Guide. All information in this chapter also applies to Mac OS guide.
1

Open the Application menu (in the upper-right corner of the screen) and choose Finder
to make it the active application program.

A checkmark appears beside the Finder command, indicating that the Finder
is the active program.
2

Chapter 2

Open the Guide menu (marked with the h icon) and choose Macintosh Guide (or Mac OS
Guide, if your computer has this).

The Macintosh Guide window appears.

Whenever you use Macintosh Guide, its window remains in front of other
windows. If the window gets in your way, you can move it by dragging its
title bar (the gray bar across the top of the window).
3

Notice the three buttons at the top of the window: Topics, Index, and Look For.

Macintosh Guide gives you three ways of finding information:
m Topics lets you choose from a list of general subjects; it is like the table of
contents in a book.
m Index lets you choose from an alphabetical list of more specific subjects; it
is like the index in a book.
m Look For lets you search for information related to a specific word or
phrase that you type.
In the following sections you will practice using each method.
If you have problems while using Macintosh Guide, see “Tips for Using
Macintosh Guide” later in this chapter.

Getting Help

Getting answers with the Topics button
1

In the Macintosh Guide window, click the Topics button.

A list of general topic areas appears on the left side of the Macintosh Guide
window. (Depending on the hardware and software you have, the list of topic
areas may look different.)

In the list of topics, click “Customizing Your Computer.”

When you click any topic area, a list of related phrases and questions appears
on the right side of the Macintosh Guide window.

To get instructions,
you click a phrase or
question…

…and then click OK.

Chapter 2

Click the question “How do I set the time and date?” and then click OK. Or double-click
the question.

A small window appears with instructions for you to follow.
If you want to
return to the main
Macintosh Guide
window, you click
this button.

To see the next step (if there is one),
you click here.

Read and follow the instructions in this window.

Macintosh Guide provides step-by-step instructions to answer the question
you selected. When you have completed each step, click the right arrow in the
lower-right corner to see the next step.
5

When you have completed all the steps, click the Topics button in the lower-left corner to
return to the main Macintosh Guide window.

Now continue with the next section.

Getting Help

Getting answers with the Index button
1

In the Macintosh Guide window, click the Index button.

An alphabetical list of index terms appears on the left side of the window.

Slider

Scroll bar

Scroll through the alphabetical list until the term “background pattern” is visible.

You can scroll through the list either by dragging the slider to the letter B or
by using the scroll bar at the right of the list.
3

Click the term “background pattern” in the alphabetical list.

When you click any index term, a list of related phrases and questions
appears on the right side of the Macintosh Guide window.

To get instructions,
you click a phrase or
question…

…and then click OK.

Chapter 2

Click the question “How do I change the background pattern?” and then click OK.
Or double-click the question.

A small window appears with instructions for you to follow.

If you want to
return to the main
Macintosh Guide
window, you click
this button.

To see the next step (if there is one),
you click here.

Read and follow the instructions in the window.

Macintosh Guide provides step-by-step instructions to answer the question
you selected. When you have completed each step, click the right arrow in the
lower-right corner to see the next step.
6

When you have completed all the steps, click the Topics button in the lower-left corner to
return to the main Macintosh Guide window.

Now continue with the next section.

Getting Help

Getting answers with the Look For button
1

In the Macintosh Guide window, click the Look For button.

A small box where you can type text appears on the left side of the window.

To activate the text
box, you click here.
You type a word or
phrase in the text
box…
…and then click here.

Click the arrow button to activate the text box.

Type “trash” in the text box, then click Search.

When you click Search, a list of phrases and questions related to the word or
phrase you typed appears on the right side of the Macintosh Guide window.

To get instructions, you click a
phrase or question…

…and then click OK.

Chapter 2

Click the question “How do I turn off the Empty Trash warning?” and then click OK. Or
double-click the question.

A small window appears with instructions for you to follow.
If you want to close
Macintosh Guide,
you click here.
To see the next step (if there is one),
you click here.

Read and follow the instructions in the window.

Macintosh Guide provides step-by-step instructions to answer the question
you selected. When you have completed each step, click the right arrow in the
lower-right corner to see the next step.
6

When you have completed all the steps, click the close box in the upper-left corner to
close Macintosh Guide.

Getting Help

Tips for using Macintosh Guide
Here are a few tips for using Macintosh Guide effectively:
m Macintosh Guide is available only when you are in the Finder—the
program that displays the desktop area where you can see the icons of
disks, folders, and files. (Other programs may also have help available
in the Guide menu, however.) If you don’t see Macintosh Guide in the
Guide menu, pull down the Application menu (to the right of the
Guide menu) and choose Finder.
m Follow the steps when you’re instructed to; don’t skip ahead or read
ahead. That way the computer can check to make sure you’ve done a
step correctly.
m Unlike most windows, the Macintosh Guide window stays in front of
other windows on the screen so that your instructions are never
covered. If you need to move the Guide window out of the way, drag
it by the title bar at the top of the window.
You can also move the window out of the way by clicking the zoom
box in the upper-right corner of the window. Click the box once to
shrink the window; click it a second time to expand the window to its
original size.
m If you need more information about an instruction or a term, click the
button labeled “Huh?” to get a further explanation. (The “Huh?”
button is dimmed when no additional information is available.)
m If you want to return to the main Macintosh Guide window, click the
Topics button in the lower-left corner of the Guide window.
m When you’re finished using Macintosh Guide, click the close box in
the upper-left corner of the window.
Zoom box

Close box

Title bar

Right arrow
Topics button

Chapter 2

“Huh?” button

Identifying what’s on your computer screen
Sometimes you’ll see an unfamiliar item on the screen and ask yourself,
“What’s that?” You can get an answer by using a Macintosh feature known as
Balloon Help.
Using balloons like those you see in comic strips, Balloon Help explains the
function of icons, menus, commands, and other items on the Macintosh screen.
Follow these steps to use Balloon Help:
1

Open the Guide menu (marked with the h icon) and choose Show Balloons.

With your mouse, move the pointer to any object on the screen that you want to identify.

A balloon appears next to the object. In the following illustration, for example,
pointing to the Trash displays a balloon that explains how to use the Trash.

Although balloons appear next to items when you point to them, the way you
work does not change; you can still select icons, choose commands, and so on.
3

When you’re finished using Balloon Help, open the Guide menu again and choose
Hide Balloons.

Getting Help

Learning useful shortcuts
You can perform many tasks in the Finder more quickly if you use keyboard
or mouse shortcuts. For example, instead of clicking an icon and choosing
Open from the File menu, you can simply double-click the icon to open it.
Follow these steps to learn keyboard and mouse shortcuts:
1

Open the Guide menu (marked with the h icon) and choose Shortcuts.

The main Macintosh Shortcuts window appears.

Click one of the category buttons.

Another window appears, describing shortcuts for that category.
If you want to
close the window,
you click here.

To return to the main
Macintosh Shortcuts
window for more
categories, you click
the Topics button.

Chapter 2

To see the next window (if there is one),
you click here.

Read about the shortcuts available for the category you selected.

Click the right arrow in the lower-right corner of the window to see the next
window (if there is one).
4

When you finish reading about the shortcuts for your category, click the Topics button
in the lower-left corner to return to the main Macintosh Shortcuts window. Or click the
close box in the upper-left corner to close the window.

Getting Help

Read this chapter for information
on connecting additional equipment to your
computer and using your computer’s special
features (such as sound capabilities).

Expanding Your Computer
and Using Its Special Features

The illustrations on the next pages show the basic computer system you now
have. So that you can expand your system’s capabilities, your computer has
both external ports and internal slots in which you can install or attach
additional hardware. Depending on the options your computer came with and
the items you install later, you may be able to attach a printer; audio
equipment such as a microphone, speakers, or headphones; video equipment
such as a second monitor, TV, or VCR; a scanner; or an external hard disk.
Items that go inside the computer can increase its capabilities and
performance. Among these items are additional dynamic random-access
memory (DRAM) in Dual Inline Memory Modules (DIMMs); a High
Performance Module (level 2 cache); and different kinds of expansion cards,
such as PCI (peripheral component interconnect) and Ethernet cards.
Instructions for installing these internal items are provided in Appendix B,
“Installing Expansion Cards or Additional Memory.” (Depending on your
computer model, some of these items may already be installed.)
WARNING Before you connect any equipment to your computer, make sure
that your computer is plugged in (in order to ground the computer) and
turned off. If you connect equipment with the computer turned on, you
can damage your computer and your equipment. Also, each device you
add should be compatible with your computer and must not exceed the
maximum power allowance for that device. For more information consult
an Apple-authorized dealer, the manufacturer of the equipment you add,
or the Technical Information booklet that came with your computer.

Expansion bay
Behind the front panel
there is an expansion
bay for an optional
5.25-inch storage device
(1.7 inches high).
Your computer may have
come with an optional
Zip drive installed in this
bay as shown here.

CD-ROM drive (optional)

C CD-ROM drive Open/Close button

Monitor

P Power key
Use this key
to turn your
computer on
and off.

Floppy disk drive
Remote control sensor

- Volume
control button
Use this button to
change the volume of
the computer’s sound.
Power-on light
A green light indicates
that the computer is on.

Internal hard
disk drive

f Headphone
Keyboard

jack

Mouse

Ports and connectors on the back of your computer
Standby power button

Turns your computer on or off when you can’t use the Power
key on the keyboard or the Shut Down command.

Monitor port

™
V

Connects your monitor to your Macintosh.

Printer port

[

Connects your Macintosh to a printer, LocalTalk network, or
GeoPort device.

External modem port

Connects an external modem or GeoPort Telecom Adapter adapter to
your Macintosh. (Note: If your computer came with an internal modem,
this port is covered. Don’t remove the cover or connect anything
to this port if you have an internal modem.)

SCSI port

Connects your Macintosh to SCSI equipment, such as
external hard disk drives and scanners.

Sound input port

≈

Connects your Macintosh to another audio source, such as a
microphone, compact disc, or audio cassette player.

Sound output port

Connects your Macintosh to sound output equipment, such as
externally powered (amplified) speakers.

Apple Desktop Bus
(ADB) port

Chapter 3

Connects your Macintosh to an input device, such as a
keyboard or a trackball.

® Standby power button

TV/FM tuner card (optional)

™ Monitor port

Ï Subwoofer balance control

Video input card (optional)

V Apple Desktop Bus
(ADB) port

≤ Power socket
[

Printer port
Monitor power socket

W External modem port
PCI card access covers (2)

g SCSI port
Communication card
(optional)

≈ Sound input port

F Security lock port

- Sound output port

TV/FM tuner card
(optional)
Subwoofer balance
control

Connects your Macintosh to an external TV antenna or cable
TV service and FM radio antenna. To install one, purchase
the Apple TV/FM Radio System or the Apple TV System.

Adjusts subwoofer balance in relation to external speakers,
if external speakers (including a monitor with built-in speakers)
are attached. (If external speakers are not attached, the
balance control does not affect the subwoofer volume.)

Video input card
(optional)

Connects your Macintosh to a video camera, VCR, or other
video input equipment. If you want to install a video input
card, purchase the Apple Video System.

PCI card access covers (2)

Cover ports for optional 6.88-inch peripheral component
interconnect (PCI) slot expansion cards (such as a videoediting card).

Communication card
access cover

Covers port for optional communication card or modem. Most
models of your computer come with a twisted pair (10Base-T)
Ethernet card installed in this space.

Security lock port

Lets you to attach a security lock to your Macintosh. See your
computer products retailer for security lock devices that work
with your computer.
Expanding Your Computer and Using its Special Features

Connecting a printer
Your computer has a printer port, which you use to connect a printer to your
computer. Follow the instructions that came with your printer when
connecting it to your computer.
Printer port

Printer port icon

Although you normally attach the cable that came with your printer to the
printer port instead, you can attach the printer cable to your modem port if
you already have a printer attached to your printer port.
Even if you have only one printer connected, you need to specify in the
Chooser which port you used to connect your printer and choose the printer
you want to use. For instructions on choosing a printer (including specifying
the port to which it’s connected), open the Guide (h) menu and choose
Macintosh Guide (or Mac OS Guide). Then, click the Guide’s Index button,
and choose “printing” from the Guide’s index.

Using your computer’s sound features
Your Macintosh can play and record stereo sound from a variety of sources.
By connecting audio equipment to the sound input and output ports on the
computer, you can listen to or reproduce stereo sound. If it has an internal
CD-ROM drive, your computer can also play and record sound from audio
compact discs (CDs). For information on using Macintosh system software
to choose audio input and output options, record an alert sound, or play
audio CDs, see the “Sound” topic area of Macintosh Guide (or Mac OS
Guide), available in the Guide (h) menu.

Chapter 3

About your computer’s sound ports and features
The Sound input port is marked with an icon of a microphone (≈). The
Sound output port is marked with an icon of a speaker (-). Your computer’s
built-in speaker functions as a subwoofer (a loudspeaker that delivers enhanced
bass sound) when external speakers or a monitor with built-in speakers is
attached. For more information on the subwoofer, see “Using the Built-in
Subwoofer” later in this section. For more information on the sound input
and sound output ports, see the section “Connecting Audio Equipment.”
Subwoofer balance control

Sound input port
Sound output port

Volume control button

Internal speaker
Headphone jack
(functions as a subwoofer when
external speakers or a monitor
with built-in speakers is attached)

Expanding Your Computer and Using Its Special Features

Adjusting volume and sound
There are several ways to adjust the volume on your computer:
m Use the volume control button on the front of the computer (marked with
the - icon, above the power-on light).
m Use the volume controls on the front of your monitor if your monitor
comes with them.
m Use the volume control slider in the AppleCD Audio Player program if you
are playing an audio CD. The AppleCD Audio Player can be found in the
Apple (K) menu.
m Use the volume control sliders in the Monitors & Sound control panel,
which is in the Control Panels folder in the Apple (K) menu. See the
“Sound” topic area of Macintosh Guide (or Mac OS Guide), available in
the Guide (h) menu for more information about using Macintosh system
software to control sound.
Tip: You may prefer to set the Sound Out Level slider in the Monitors &
Sound control panel to the middle of the slider bar. This makes it easier for
you to gauge the adjustments you make with other volume controls.
For more information about sound, see the “Sound” topic area of Macintosh
Guide (or Mac OS Guide), available in the Guide (h) menu.
Listening with 3D Surround Sound
The
3D Surround Sound technology broadens the sound you hear if
you attach external speakers or if your monitor has built-in speakers. 3D
Surround Sound makes the speakers sound as if they are set wider apart, and
you can hear many “points” of sound around you. (3D Surround Sound may
not work through headphones. To turn off 3D Surround Sound, click to
remove the X in the checkbox next to “Enabled” in the Monitors & Sound
control panel.)
Using a monitor with built-in speakers
If you have a monitor with built-in speakers, you can adjust the amount of
bass sound you hear coming from the computer’s subwoofer by adjusting the
subwoofer balance control (Ï) on the back of your computer.

Chapter 3

Using the built-in subwoofer
Your computer comes with a built-in speaker that produces full-range,
monophonic sound. When you attach external speakers, the computer’s builtin speaker changes mode and functions as a subwoofer, adding bass sound to
augment the speakers’ stereo sound.
You adjust your computer’s volume with the volume controls on the front of
the computer or with the Monitors & Sound control panel in the computer’s
software. (For more information, see “Adjusting Volume and Sound” earlier in
this chapter.) However, when you attach external speakers (or if your monitor
has built-in speakers), you adjust the subwoofer volume independently of the
speaker volume. You do this by adjusting the subwoofer balance control (Ï)
on the back of the computer. (The subwoofer balance control affects the
subwoofer volume only when external speakers are attached.)

Connecting audio equipment
To play or record sound with your Macintosh, you can attach a microphone,
an amplifier, a tape recorder, or a pair of speakers.
You need a cable with one of the 3.5 mm audio connectors shown below to
connect a microphone or other equipment to your computer’s sound input
port (≈). You need a cable with a stereo miniplug to connect speakers or other
equipment to the sound output port (-).

Stereo miniplug
(plugs into sound input port
or sound output port)

Extended miniplug
(plugs into sound input port)

Expanding Your Computer and Using Its Special Features

The stereo miniplug most often comes with stereo equipment such as external
speakers. The extended miniplug, which is slightly longer, comes with voice
quality microphones such as the Apple PlainTalk Microphone. The extended
miniplug works only in your computer’s sound input port (≈). If your
equipment has a type of connector that’s different from those shown here, you
can purchase an adapter at an electronics supply store.

Connecting the Apple PlainTalk microphone
Your computer has a sound input port (≈), which you can use to connect an
Apple PlainTalk Microphone. The Apple PlainTalk Microphone is included
with some computer models. If your computer did not include an Apple
PlainTalk Microphone, you can purchase one at an Apple-authorized dealer.
You cannot connect non-Apple microphones.
Note: The sound input port does not support the Apple Omni microphone
(the round microphone shipped with some earlier models of Macintosh) or
the attenuated RCA adapter provided with some models of Macintosh.

Apple PlainTalk Microphone

To connect and position the external microphone, and then tell the computer
to receive its input, follow the steps below.
Note: If you want to record sound using a microphone built into a monitor,
see the “Sound” topic area of Macintosh Guide (or Mac OS Guide), available
in the Guide (h) menu. Then select the question, “How do I record or
remove a sound?”

Chapter 3

Shut down your computer.

Plug the microphone’s connector into the (≈) on the back of the computer.

Place the microphone at the top center of the monitor, so that the microphone’s
Apple (K) icon is facing you.

If you can’t place it on top of the monitor, position the microphone according
to these guidelines:
m The microphone should be between 1 and 3 feet away from you.
m The microphone should be directly in front of you to minimize the
effect of background noises.
4

Turn on the computer.

Open the Monitors & Sound control panel in the Apple (K) menu and click the
Sound button to display the sound controls.

Open the Sound Input pop-up menu and choose “External Microphone.”

Click the close box in the upper-left corner of the Monitors & Sound control panel to
close it. (The control panel does not have to remain open while you’re recording.)

You’re now ready to begin using your microphone.
See the “Sound” topic area of Macintosh Guide (or Mac OS Guide), available
in the Guide (h) menu, for instructions on recording.

Expanding Your Computer and Using Its Special Features

Connecting external stereo speakers
You can take advantage of your computer’s stereo sound output by attaching
externally powered (amplified) speakers. When you attach external speakers,
the speaker in your computer changes mode and functions as a subwoofer.
The subwoofer produces bass sound to complement the stereo sound coming
from the speakers.

Subwoofer (internal)
Externally powered speakers

Chapter 3

Assemble the speakers and the cable you need.

You need a cable with a stereo miniplug at one end to connect one or both
speakers to the computer.

Stereo miniplug

Some speakers require a dual-plug adapter, which has two plugs on its end, to
plug into Audio In ports on both speakers. Others, like those shown in the
next illustration, take a single stereo miniplug and are joined by standard
speaker wires. See the documentation that came with your speakers for more
information.
2

Turn off the computer.

Plug the end of the cable with the stereo miniplug into the Sound output port (-) on
the computer.

Plug the other end of the cable into the speakers’ Audio In port or ports.

Connect the speakers together with speaker wires, if necessary.

Your finished connections should look something like this:
Ï Subwoofer

balance control

- Sound
output port

Externally
powered
speakers

Audio In port

Expanding Your Computer and Using Its Special Features

Turn on the computer.

Now you’re ready to hear full-range stereo sound coming from the speakers
and bass sound coming from the computer’s internal subwoofer.
To adjust the overall volume, use the sound control buttons on the front of
the computer or use the Monitors & Sound control panel, which uses
software inside your computer to adjust volume. (For more information, see
“Adjusting Volume and Sound” in the previous section, “Using Your
Computer’s Sound Features.”)
To adjust the subwoofer volume independently of the speaker volume, use the
subwoofer balance control (Ï) on the back of the computer. (The subwoofer
balance control works only when external speakers or a monitor with built-in
speakers is attached.)
Subwoofer balance control

For more information about using speakers attached to your computer, see
the “Sound” topic area of Macintosh Guide (or Mac OS Guide), available in
the Guide (h) menu.

Chapter 3

Connecting headphones
You can connect headphones to either the headphone jack (f) on the front
of the computer, to external speakers, or to your monitor if it has a
headphone jack.
Note: To listen through headphones connected to external speakers, you
should turn off
3D Surround Sound. To turn off 3D Surround Sound,
open the Monitors & Sound control panel in the Control Panels folder in the
Apple (K) menu and click the checkbox to remove the X next to “Enabled.”
Also, if you have connected your headphones to the monitor and notice that
the sound quality isn’t high, you should either turn off 3D Surround Sound or
get updated monitor software from the monitor’s manufacturer.
For more information on listening with headphones, see the “Sound” topic area
of Macintosh Guide (or Mac OS Guide), available in the Guide (h) menu.

Using your computer’s video features
Depending on the options that came with it (or options you install later), you
can use your computer to display the computer’s images on a second monitor
or television. You may also be able to display, edit, and store video images from
a video camera, video cassette recorder (VCR), or other video input equipment.
The next section describes how to connect a second monitor to your computer
to increase screen space. For information about connecting video input
equipment such as cameras or VCRs, refer to the manuals that came with
your video input card (for example, the Apple Video System manual) and
with your video equipment.

Expanding Your Computer and Using Its Special Features

Connecting a second monitor to increase display space
If one monitor doesn’t provide enough screen space, you can install a PCI
expansion card that provides a port for connecting a second monitor. The
second monitor gives you a larger continuous desktop area to display windows
and other items.
To connect a second monitor, purchase a video card and install it in the
computer’s PCI expansion slot, or have an Apple dealer install it for you. (If
you are installing the expansion card yourself, follow the instructions that
came with the card and the instructions in Appendix B of this manual.) Then
plug the second monitor into the port provided by the card.
When you connect an additional monitor, make sure that the ventilation
openings on the computer and the monitors are clear and unobstructed.
If there is interference on your screens or on a television or radio near
your computer, separate or reposition the affected equipment. You may
need to move the two monitors further apart so that they don’t interfere
with each other.
For additional instructions on using two monitors together, choose Macintosh
Guide (or Mac OS Guide) from the Guide (h) menu after you have connected
two monitors to your computer; click the Guide’s Index button, and select
“monitors” in the list of index terms.
IMPORTANT Though it is physically possible to install two expansion cards that
supply extra monitor ports, you can’t connect more than two monitors at a
time to your computer.

Chapter 3

Connecting external SCSI devices, such as a scanner or external hard disk
Your computer has a port for connecting devices that use the Small Computer
System Interface (SCSI, pronounced “skuh-zee”). SCSI devices commonly
used with the Macintosh include hard disk drives, CD-ROM drives, scanners,
tape or cartridge backup drives, and some printers. The SCSI port permits
high-speed communication between the computer and the device. The SCSI
icon appears underneath the port on the computer’s back panel.
SCSI port
SCSI icon

You can connect several SCSI devices to the SCSI port by linking them to
create a chain of devices. The first device in the chain plugs into the SCSI
port; the second device plugs into the first device, and so on. You can attach
up to six external SCSI devices to the SCSI port (or up to five if you have an
additional SCSI drive installed in your computer). Each SCSI device
connected to this chain must have its own unique ID number (no two devices
can use the same ID number). If your computer came with a CD-ROM drive
installed, this drive is also part of the SCSI chain and uses SCSI ID number 3.
The computer itself (the main logic board inside it) uses SCSI ID number 7.
IMPORTANT The material that follows—“Before You Connect a Device” and
“Connecting a SCSI Device”—contains general instructions for attaching
SCSI devices to your computer. Make sure you also follow the specific
instructions that came with the SCSI device you are connecting to your
Macintosh.

Expanding Your Computer and Using Its Special Features

Before you connect a device
Before you connect a SCSI device to your Macintosh, be sure to complete the
tasks explained in this section.
IMPORTANT This section contains general instructions for attaching SCSI

devices to your computer. Be sure also to follow the specific instructions that
came with your external hard disk drive or other SCSI device when
connecting the device to your Macintosh. The specific instructions that came
with the device tell how to change a device’s ID number and attach a SCSI
cable or terminator to the device.
Make sure each device has a unique ID number
Each SCSI device connected to your computer must have its own, unique ID
number from 0 to 6. The SCSI ID number helps the computer keep track of
the devices and sort out conflicts when more than one device in the SCSI
chain are communicating with the computer simultaneously.
The ID numbers in your computer are assigned as follows:
ID

Device

Optional internal Apple CD-ROM drive

Optional internal Zip drive

Main logic board

Make sure other SCSI devices you add to the chain do not use ID numbers
that are already assigned. For example, if your computer came with an
internal CD-ROM drive, don’t use SCSI ID numbers 3 (which is assigned to
the optional CD-ROM drive) or 7 (which is assigned to your computer’s main
logic board). See the instructions that came with each SCSI device for
information on checking and setting its SCSI ID number.
IMPORTANT If you use two or more devices attached to the same SCSI

interface with the same ID number, your equipment could malfunction and
you could lose data as a result.
The SCSI devices can be in any physical order in the chain; it is not necessary
to arrange them in numerical order.

Chapter 3

Make sure you use the right type and length of cable
To attach a SCSI device to your computer or to another device in the chain,
always use SCSI cables that are double-shielded, such as Apple SCSI cables.
Never use printer-type RS232 cables (commonly used with DOS and
Windows computers). Poor quality SCSI cables are often the cause of
SCSI problems.
Avoid mixing brands, types, or styles of SCSI cables.
If the device is the first or only one you’re connecting, use a SCSI system
cable to connect it to the computer’s SCSI port:

SCSI system cable

If the device is not the first one, use a SCSI peripheral interface cable to
connect it to the last device in the chain:

SCSI peripheral interface cable

IMPORTANT The total length of the cables in a SCSI chain should not exceed

6 meters (about 20 feet). SCSI cables must have a 110-ohm impedance. For
best results, use SCSI cables manufactured by Apple Computer.
Keep the cables between SCSI devices as short as possible. Cables 18 to 24
inches are best. PowerBooks and some SCSI devices (particularly scanners)
may not work with cables longer than 24 inches.

Expanding Your Computer and Using Its Special Features

Terminate the SCSI chain properly
To ensure accurate transmission of information, a terminator must be at
each end of a SCSI chain. There is a built-in terminator at the beginning
of the chain. You need to make sure that the last device in the chain has a
terminator.
IMPORTANT In most cases, only the first and last devices in the SCSI chain
should be terminated (but see the exceptions, below). Make sure that no
external SCSI device other than the last one has a terminator.

Exceptions to the “first and last” rule: If the SCSI chain is 18 inches or shorter,
the terminator on the last device is not needed. If the total cable length in the
chain is greater than 10 feet, the chain may need a third terminator at the
10 foot point. Do not add the third terminator unless you are experiencing a
SCSI problem, and check all other possible causes of the problem before
adding the third terminator. (See the information on troubleshooting SCSI
problems in Part II of this manual.)
To terminate the last device in the chain:
m If your SCSI device has a built-in terminator, use it as the last device in
the chain.
If you wish to attach two or more SCSI devices that have built-in
terminators, an Apple-authorized service provider can remove the extra
built-in terminators.
m If the device at the end of the SCSI chain does not have a built-in terminator,
attach an external terminator. You can attach or remove external terminators
yourself. (Do not use a black terminator; the black terminators are for
Macintosh IIfx computers and certain LaserWriter printers.)

External SCSI terminator

Chapter 3

Connecting a SCSI device
Be sure to read the previous section, “Before You Connect a Device,” before
following the instructions here. Use these general instructions in conjunction
with the instructions that came with your SCSI device:
1

Turn off your computer.

Make sure the SCSI device is switched off.

WARNING Do not connect or disconnect any device while the power to

the device or to your Macintosh is on. Doing so could damage the
device, your computer, or both.
3

Use a SCSI cable to connect the device either to the computer’s SCSI port or to the last
SCSI device already in the chain.

Use the thumbscrews and metal clips on the connectors to create a tight,
reliable connection.
IMPORTANT Make sure that the last (or only) device in the SCSI chain has
a terminator and that no other external SCSI device has a terminator.
Otherwise, the computer may not be able to start up.
4

Turn on all devices in your SCSI chain.
IMPORTANT Always turn on any external SCSI devices connected to your
computer before turning on the computer itself. Otherwise, your computer
won’t be able to recognize that the SCSI devices are connected to it and your
computer may not be able to start up.

Even if you don’t plan to use a device, you must still turn it on to ensure that
signals pass properly along the SCSI chain.
5

Install any necessary device drivers (software that makes a device work with
your computer).

Drivers usually come on a floppy disk with the device. (If no drivers come
with the device, contact the device manufacturer.)
Note: If you experience problems after connecting a SCSI device, see the
troubleshooting information in Part II for possible solutions.

Expanding Your Computer and Using Its Special Features

Replacing or adding internal storage devices
Your Macintosh already comes with up to four internal storage devices—a
floppy disk drive, an optional CD-ROM (compact disc read-only memory)
drive, an optional zip drive, and a hard disk drive (several capacities are
available). If you want to replace any of these internal drives, see your Appleauthorized dealer.
If your computer didn’t include a Zip drive, you can also have additional
storage devices installed in your computer’s expansion bay—the area just
above the CD-ROM drive. The expansion bay is available for you to install
any optional 5.25-inch storage device (1.7 inches high). Examples of storage
devices include a second CD-ROM drive, a tape storage backup system, a
second internal hard disk, or a Zip drive. If you want to install another storage
device inside your computer, see your Apple-authorized dealer.

Chapter 3

Read this chapter to learn how to work
with application programs and protect
the information on your disks.

Installing and Using Application Programs

Applications that come with your computer are stored in the Apple Extras
folder on your hard disk and in the CD Extras folder on the system software
CD that came with your computer. Some of the applications that come with
your computer include the following:
m AppleScript, which allows you to automate actions you perform repeatedly
in the Finder. Instructions for using AppleScript are included in the
AppleScript folder in the Apple Extras folder.
m Apple Video Player, which you use to watch video or TV on your computer,
and Apple FM Radio, which you use to listen to FM radio on your
computer if you also have the video input and TV/FM tuner cards
installed. Your computer has these cards installed if you find the Apple
Video System or Apple TV/FM Radio System manuals in the box that
came with it. If you don’t have these cards installed, you can purchase them
from an Apple-authorized dealer.
m AppleCD Audio Player, which allows you to play and control audio
CD-ROM discs in your computer’s CD-ROM drive.
m SimpleText, which allows you to create text documents. With your
computer’s built-in text-to-speech capabilities, you can have your computer
speak the text in your SimpleText document aloud.

To find out if an application needs to be installed, look inside its folder for
an icon labeled Installer. If you find an Installer icon and want to use that
application, double-click the Installer and follow the instructions on the
screen. Most application folders also contain Read Me files that provide
additional information about the application. To read the contents of a Read
Me file, double-click its icon.
Your computer’s system software includes additional applications that provide
special features or enhanced capabilities for your computer. Included among
the system software applications are the following:
m PC Exchange, which lets you work with DOS and Windows disks as if they
were Macintosh disks
m QuickDraw 3D, which gives your computer the ability to display graphics
in three dimensions
m PlainTalk, which allows your computer to understand spoken commands in
English and Mexican Spanish

Installing application programs
You may want to buy and install additional application programs. See the
manuals you receive with these applications for instructions on installing and
using them.
To use your applications most effectively, follow these guidelines:
m Read the manuals you received with the application if you have a problem.
m Put only one copy of each application on your hard disk. Having more than
one copy can cause errors.
m Whenever you copy an application from its disk to your hard disk, be
careful not to copy a System Folder.
m If an application malfunctions consistently, try installing a fresh copy. If
that doesn’t help, find out from the software manufacturer whether your
version of the application is compatible with your computer model and
your system software.

Chapter 4

Installing applications from a floppy disk
In most cases, you install application programs on your internal hard disk
from floppy disks. The following illustration shows how to insert a floppy
disk into your computer’s floppy disk drive.
Insert the floppy disk, metal
end first, into the floppy disk
drive of your computer.

For instructions on how to eject a floppy disk, see the “Disks” topic area of
Macintosh Guide (or Mac OS Guide), available in the Guide (h) menu.
Note: Be sure you’re acting within the terms of the software license
agreement that comes with your application program before you install the
program on your computer. The license agreement specifies how many copies
of the application you can make for yourself and others.

Installing and Using Application Programs

Installing applications from a CD-ROM disc
To install an application program on your internal hard disk from a CD-ROM
disc, insert and open the CD-ROM disc. Then look for a ReadMe file or
follow the instructions that came with the disc to install the application. (For
instructions on using a CD-ROM disc, see “Inserting a CD-ROM Disc” in
Chapter 5 and the “CD-ROM Discs” topic area of Macintosh Guide (or Mac
OS Guide), available in the Guide (h) menu.)
IMPORTANT Never copy an entire CD-ROM disc to your hard disk by dragging

the CD-ROM disc icon to your hard disk. If you do, you may inadvertently
copy duplicate system software files onto your hard disk and take up hard disk
space with unnecessary files.
Note: Many applications that come on CD-ROM discs require you to have the
CD-ROM disc in the drive whenever you use the application even though
you’ve installed the application on your computer’s hard disk and opened the
copy on the hard disk.

Working with several applications at a time
You can open as many application programs and desk accessories (miniapplications that you usually open through the Apple menu) as your
computer’s memory allows.
All open applications are listed in the Application menu at the right end of
the menu bar. You can find out which application is active and which other
applications are open by opening the Application menu. The name of the
active application (the one you’re using right now) has a checkmark next to it,
and its icon appears in the menu bar.
The Finder icon
Commands to hide or
display open windows
A checkmark
indicates the
active program.

Chapter 4

Programs that are open

Switching applications
You can switch to another open application or desk accessory by choosing its
name from the Application menu.
If an application’s icon is dimmed in the Application menu, that means its
windows are hidden. You can still choose the application from the menu,
however, to display the application’s windows.
You can also switch to another application by clicking in a window that
belongs to the other application or by double-clicking its icon.

Hiding and showing windows on the desktop
You can hide all windows except those of the active application by opening
the Application menu and choosing Hide Others.
The other applications remain open even though their windows are hidden.
When you switch to another application its windows become visible again.
If you want to see all the open windows, open the Application menu and
choose Show All.

Installing and Using Application Programs

Increasing memory available to run applications
You can increase the memory available to run your application programs by
changing virtual memory settings.
Virtual memory uses space on your computer’s hard disk to create extra
random-access memory (RAM) to run your applications. Virtual memory
allows your computer to run more applications at the same time, and to have
more windows open at the same time, but it can result in slightly slower
performance. Also, some application programs may not perform optimally
when virtual memory is turned on.
To turn virtual memory on or off, use the Memory control panel. See the
“Memory” topic area of Macintosh Guide (or Mac OS Guide), available in the
Guide (h) menu for more information.
Note: If you turn on both virtual memory and the RAM disk in the Memory
control panel, don’t set both of them at or near their maximum values. Doing
so can result in unpredictable or reduced performance by your computer. A
RAM disk uses RAM as if it were a hard disk. See the “Memory” topic area
of Macintosh Guide (or Mac OS Guide), available in the Guide (h) menu for
more information.

Backing up your files
When you have a valuable paper document like a birth certificate, you
probably make an extra copy of it for safekeeping. Similarly, you should make
copies of the documents you create on your computer. The extra copy is
called a backup, and the process of making the copy is called backing up.
Once you have a backup, you’re protected from accidentally losing the
information on your hard disk. In the unlikely event that something happens
to your hard disk, you can easily get the information back.

Chapter 4

Follow these tips for making backup copies of the documents on your
computer:
m Regularly make copies of the documents you create.
m You can back up files stored on your hard disk by copying them to
floppy disks.
m You can back up an entire floppy disk by copying it to another floppy disk
of the same capacity or larger, or by copying it to a hard disk.
m If you need to copy a file onto a floppy disk and it is too large to fit onto a
single floppy disk, you can use a commercial backup application to copy
the file onto multiple floppy disks.
m You can use a commercial backup application to copy new and changed
files from a hard disk to another hard disk, to a tape drive, or to a series of
floppy disks.
m If your computer is on a network, you may be able to back up files by
copying them to a shared disk on the network.
Tip: A good way to remember where you have stored documents is to print a
summary of the items you’ve stored in a folder. For instructions on printing
the contents of a folder, see the “Printing” topic area of Macintosh Guide (or
Mac OS Guide), available in the Guide (h) menu.

Using Power Macintosh application programs
Your Power Macintosh is compatible with most application programs
intended for use with Macintosh computers, but certain applications are
designed especially for Power Macintosh computers. These applications are
sometimes called “native” applications and they take best advantage of your
computer’s speed.

Installing and Using Application Programs

Special memory requirements
Some Power Macintosh applications may be slightly larger than other
applications and may take up more memory. If you find that you are running
out of memory when you use your Power Macintosh applications, you can use
space on your computer’s hard disk as additional memory, which is called
virtual memory. For instructions on how to use virtual memory, see “Increasing
Memory Available to Run Applications,” under “Working With Several
Applications at a Time” earlier in this chapter, and the “Memory” topic area
of Macintosh Guide (or Mac OS Guide), available in the Guide (h) menu.
You can also add more memory to your computer, as described in
Appendix B, “Installing Expansion Cards or Additional Memory.”

Using older Macintosh applications
If you experience problems using an older Macintosh application, it may be
incompatible with your Power Macintosh. You may be able to use your older
application if you turn off Modern Memory Manager. To do this, open the
Apple (K) menu, choose Control Panels, and open the Memory control panel.
Then turn off Modern Memory Manager.

Using special 3D software
The special design of your computer’s logic board allows it to take advantage
of QuickDraw 3D, which is special software built into some programs to
enhance their 3D graphics. Because of this special design, called “3D
Acceleration,” your computer renders 3D images with greater speed and
fluidity than computers that don’t have this feature. As a result, you get
enhanced texturing and greater realism when you use programs that support
QuickDraw 3D, such as 3D modeling programs and many games. To take
advantage of 3D acceleration, your software must support QuickDraw 3D or
QuickDraw 3D RAVE.

Chapter 4

An example of what you might see is shown in the following illustration.

If you want to purchase additional software that supports QuickDraw 3D, see
your Apple-Authorized dealer.
IMPORTANT For best video performance, Apple recommends setting your
monitor at a resolution of 640 x 480 and a color depth of 16 bits when
running use 3D graphics. For more information about setting your monitor’s
resolution, see Macintosh Guide (or Mac OS Guide) in the Guide (h) menu.

Installing and Using Application Programs

Turning 3D acceleration off and on
If you need to turn off the QuickDraw 3D acceleration (for example, to
compare accelerated performance with software-only rendering), follow
these steps:
1

Quit all applications that use QuickDraw 3D.

Create an empty folder on the desktop.

Move the file named “ATI 3D Accelerator” from the Extensions folder (inside the System
Folder) into the empty folder. This turns off 3D acceleration.

Restart QuickDraw 3D applications.

To turn QuickDraw 3D acceleration back on, follow these steps:
1

Quit all applications that use QuickDraw 3D.

Move the file named “ATI 3D Accelerator” back into the Extensions folder.

Restart QuickDraw 3D applications.

Removing software
If you have previously installed some or all of the software in the Apple Extras
or CD Extras folder, you can remove or deinstall the software if you do not
use it. Removing software like this will make more hard disk space available.
To remove software, follow these steps:
1

Start up your computer from the system software CD-ROM disc that came with your
computer.

For detailed steps, see “Starting Up From a CD-ROM Disc” under
“Initializing a Hard Disk” in Chapter 9.

Chapter 4

Open the Apple Extras folder on the hard disk or the CD Extras folder on the
CD-ROM disc.

Open the folder for the software you want to remove.

Double-click the Installer icon to open the Installer application.

If the Installer’s Welcome screen appears, click OK.

The Easy Install dialog box appears.
6

Choose Custom Remove from the pop-up menu.

The Custom Remove dialog box appears, listing the software components that
can be removed.
7

Scroll through the list of components, clicking the checkbox next to each component
you want to remove.

To get additional information about each component listed, click the box with
the letter i in it to the right of the component.
8

Click Remove.

Follow the instructions that appear on the screen.

When you see a message reporting that the removal was successful, click Quit.

Restart your computer.

The software is removed and your computer is ready to use. If you want to
remove more software, you can repeat the steps in this section.

Installing and Using Application Programs

Read this chapter for information
about your computer’s built-in
CD-ROM drive.

Using the Optional Built-in CD-ROM Drive

This chapter provides information on the optional internal CD-ROM drive
(also called a CD-ROM player because you play CD-ROM discs in it). Refer
to Appendix A, “Health, Safety, and Maintenance Tips,” for information on
the proper handling of CD-ROM discs.
With your internal CD-ROM (compact disc read-only memory) drive, you
have access to large amounts of information. The CD-ROM drive can read the
contents of CD-ROM discs, standard audio compact discs (CDs), and singlesession or multisession Photo CDs. However, you cannot use the drive to save
information on CD-ROM discs. ROM stands for read-only memory, meaning
that the drive cannot “write” information onto CD-ROM discs.

A wide selection of CD-ROM discs is available for entertainment, education,
and business. A typical disc can hold over 650 megabytes (MB) of
information—the equivalent of 270,000 pages of text, up to 8 hours of speech
or music (depending on the sound quality), hundreds of high-resolution
images, or any combination of text, sound, and graphics.

Inserting a CD-ROM disc
Follow these instructions to insert a CD-ROM disc into your CD-ROM drive.
Then follow the instructions provided with your disc, as well as the
instructions in this manual.
IMPORTANT Some CD-ROM disc labels have artwork on them that can cause
the disc’s weight to be slightly off-center when it’s rotating in the drive. This
may cause the computer to vibrate. See the next section, “If Your CD-ROM
Disc Vibrates in the CD-ROM Drive,” for more information.
1

Start up your computer, if it’s not already on.

Press the Open/Close button to open the tray of the CD-ROM drive.

Open/Close button

The tray opens.
3

Place a CD-ROM disc in the tray, with the disc label facing up.

Make sure the disc is lying flat and centered in the tray.
If you are using a small (8 cm) disc, make sure the disc is centered within the
inside ring on the tray.

Chapter 5

Push the tray in, or press the Open/Close button, to close the tray.

In a few moments, an icon for the CD-ROM disc appears on your screen.
Note: The tray on your CD-ROM drive automatically closes when you shut
down your computer. You may want to open the tray and take out your
CD-ROM disc before shutting down.

If your CD-ROM disc vibrates in the CD-ROM drive
Some CD-ROM disc labels have artwork or labels on them that can cause the
CD-ROM disc’s weight to be slightly off-center. Because of the high rotation
speed of your CD-ROM drive, these discs can occasionally wobble in the
drive and cause your computer to vibrate. If you can feel or hear a CD-ROM
disc vibrating, you don’t need to do anything special. Just use the CD-ROM
disc as you normally would. The vibration damages neither your computer
nor the CD-ROM disc itself.
Note: Sometimes removing labels from discs that vibrate eliminates the
vibration.

Using the Optional Built-in CD-ROM Drive

Ejecting a CD-ROM disc
Follow these instructions to open the tray of the CD-ROM drive and eject a
CD-ROM disc from your computer.
IMPORTANT You may not be able to eject a disc if it is available to users

on other computers (shared). To turn off file sharing, use the Sharing
Setup control panel in the Control Panels folder, available through the
Apple (K) menu.
1

Open the tray.

There are several ways to open the tray of your CD-ROM drive.
If a CD-ROM disc icon appears on your screen, use one of these methods:
m Drag the icon to the Trash. (You won’t lose information on the CD-ROM disc
by dragging its icon to the Trash.)
m Click the disc icon, then choose the Put Away command in the File menu.
IMPORTANT Don’t click the disc icon and then choose Eject Disk from the
Special menu. If you do this, the computer keeps the CD-ROM disc in its
memory and continually asks you to reinsert it.

m If the AppleCD Audio Player window is active, choose Eject CD from the
File menu, or simultaneously press the x and E keys. (AppleCD Audio
Player is an application that allows you to play audio CDs and control your
CD-ROM drive; it is available in the Apple [K] menu.)
If no CD-ROM disc icon appears on your screen, try this:
m Press the Open/Close button of your CD-ROM drive.

Chapter 5

Take the CD-ROM disc out of the tray.

Store your disc in a safe place, away from heat, dust, and moisture.
3

Push the tray in, or press the Open/Close button, to close the tray.

To avoid possible damage to the tray and the CD-ROM drive, keep the tray
closed when you are not using it.

Copying files from CD-ROM discs
To install an application program on your internal hard disk from a CD-ROM
disc, insert and open the CD-ROM disc. Then look for a Read Me file or
follow the instructions that came with the disc to install the application. (For
instructions on using a CD-ROM disc, see “Inserting a CD-ROM Disc” and
“Ejecting a CD-ROM Disc” earlier in this chapter.)
IMPORTANT Never copy an entire CD-ROM disc to your hard disk by dragging

Using the Optional Built-in CD-ROM Drive

Types of compact discs you can use
Not all CD-ROM discs store information in the same way. A disc stores and
displays information according to a particular file format. Your computer’s
system software must understand the file format in order to use the contents
of the disc.

Standard file formats
You can use CD-ROM discs with these file formats:
m HFS (Hierarchical File System)—the standard format used by the Macintosh
m ISO 9660—the International Standards Organization’s file format for
CD-ROM discs. This format has been adopted by many CD manufacturers
to make their discs compatible with a variety of computers. It is also the
format that allows you to use Photo CDs in your CD-ROM drive.
m The High Sierra format, a predecessor of the ISO 9660 format
m Photo CDs
m Audio CDs
The software that lets you use discs with these file formats is already installed
on your computer.

Other CD-ROM formats
Your CD-ROM drive also works with file formats other than the ones listed
above (for example, CD-ROM XA) if you install the appropriate software on
your Macintosh. To find out about the availability of Macintosh software for
additional file formats, contact the publisher of a particular disc.

Chapter 5

Audio CDs
Your CD-ROM drive can play audio CDs and the sound portions of other
CD-ROM discs using your computer’s built-in speaker. You can also attach
headphones or speakers to your computer for stereo sound. For further
information, see “Playing Audio CDs” later in this chapter. Also see
“CD-ROM Discs” topic area of Macintosh Guide (or Mac OS Guide),
available in the Guide (h) menu.

Photo CDs
With your CD-ROM drive, you can use QuickTime to open digitized images
stored on Photo CDs.
For more information on Photo CDs, see “Working With Photo CDs” later in
this chapter. Also see the “CD-ROM Discs” topic area of Macintosh Guide (or
Mac OS Guide), available in the Guide (h) menu.

Playing audio CDs
With your CD-ROM drive and your computer’s built-in speaker, you can play
audio compact discs (CDs) or the sound portions of other CD-ROM discs.
You can also attach headphones or speakers to the computer to listen to audio
tracks. See Chapter 3, “Expanding Your Computer and Using Its Special
Features,” for information on connecting sound equipment to your computer.
To start, stop, and otherwise control audio CDs, use the AppleCD Audio
Player program, available in the Apple (K) menu. Your audio CD software
will only play tracks that contain audio information. With the AppleCD
Audio Player program, you can listen to audio tracks from CDs while doing
other work on your computer. For more information about playing audio
CDs, see the “CD-ROM Discs” topic area of Macintosh Guide (or Mac OS
Guide), available in the Guide (h) menu.

Using the Optional Built-in CD-ROM Drive

Working with Photo CDs
With your CD-ROM drive and software, you can open Photo CD images
stored on Photo CDs. A Photo CD image is a digitized version of a standard
photograph that you can open and view on your computer screen.

You can do many things with the images on your Photo CDs:
m Open and view the images individually.
m View the images in a series, as you would view a slide presentation.
m Copy and save the images, print them, paste them into word-processing
documents or other documents that accept graphics, and edit them with
a graphics application program.
Photo CD images are an excellent source of graphics for desktop
publishing, multimedia presentations, business documents, and
professional-quality graphic design. For more information on working with
Photo CD images, see the “CD-ROM Discs” topic area of Macintosh Guide
(or Mac OS Guide), available in the Guide (h) menu.

Chapter 5

Obtaining Photo CDs
Your own photographs can be recorded as Photo CD images on a Photo CD.
To obtain a Photo CD of your own photographs, take your standard 35-mm
film to a photofinisher who has a Photo CD system. The photofinisher
develops your film, digitizes the photographs, and gives you back a Photo CD
containing your images. A single Photo CD can hold approximately one
hundred images.
If your Photo CD isn’t full, you can take it back to the photofinisher and
have more photos added until the disc is full. Such discs are called
multisession discs because they contain images added after the first session.
Your CD-ROM drive can read both single-session and multisession Photo
CDs. (Other CD-ROM drives can read only single-session discs and are
unable to read the additional images placed on a multisession disc.)

Before viewing the contents of a Photo CD
Normally, you open Photo CD images with the SimpleText program that came
with your computer. If you wish, you can use a graphics or image-editing
program instead of SimpleText. For instructions, see the “CD-ROM Discs”
topic area of Macintosh Guide (or Mac OS Guide), available in the Guide (h)
menu. If you use SimpleText to view high-resolution images, you should
increase the amount of memory that SimpleText uses. For more information
on memory, see the “Memory” topic area of Macintosh Guide (or Mac OS
Guide), available in the Guide (h) menu.

Using the Optional Built-in CD-ROM Drive

A note about resolution
When a Photo CD image is created, it’s recorded at five different levels of
resolution. The higher the resolution, the more information is recorded about
the image, and the sharper the image appears when displayed or printed at
larger sizes. However, high-resolution images take up a lot of memory—up to
18 MB of data for one photograph—which affects file size, as well as the
amount of time it takes to display or print an image.
It’s best to work with a resolution appropriate for your monitor or printer.
Some monitors and printers cannot display or print very high-resolution images.
For most work, a resolution of 768 x 512 pixels or smaller is suitable. For
detailed work or very high-quality reproductions, you may want to use a
higher resolution.
Make sure to open high-resolution images with application programs designed
to handle large image files. SimpleText cannot open very large files.

Sharing a CD-ROM disc over a network
You can “share” a CD-ROM disc with users of other computers using the file
sharing feature of your system software. If your disc has audio portions, you
will be able to hear the audio yourself, but other people on the network will
not. Likewise, you cannot hear the audio portions of discs you access over a
network.
IMPORTANT If file sharing is on and you are having trouble ejecting a disc,

turn file sharing off in the Sharing Setup control panel in the Control Panels
folder, available through the Apple (K) menu.
For further information about file sharing, see the “Sharing Files” topic area
of Macintosh Guide (or Mac OS Guide), available in the Guide (h) menu.

Chapter 5

Read this chapter for information
about the equipment you need to get
online, such as modems and ISDN.

Connecting Your Computer to a Telephone Line

A world of information is now available online. By connecting your computer
to a telephone line (commonly referred to as going “online”), you can access
the Internet, send and receive electronic mail (e-mail) and faxes, and connect
to online services like America Online and CompuServe. You can also use a
telephone line to access another Macintosh or an entire AppleTalk network
from a remote Macintosh computer. (For example, you can telecommute by
accessing a company computer network from a remote location, such as a
home office.)
To get online using a telephone line, you need special equipment and
software. This chapter provides a brief introduction to the equipment you
need. (It’s also possible to get online through a network connection, if the
network includes the right equipment.) For information about the software
you need to perform online tasks, see Chapter 8, “Using Your Modem to
Connect to the Internet or an Online Service.”

Types of equipment
There are three types of equipment you can use to get online: a
modem, an ISDN line, and shared telecommunications equipment on
your network.
Modem: A modem may be the most common way to connect a
computer to a phone line, particularly if you are using your computer at
home. A modem works with standard analog telephone lines. To add a
modem to your computer, you can install a modem card in your
computer’s communication slot or connect an external modem. For
more information about modems, see the next section, “Choosing and
Connecting a Modem.”
ISDN line: An Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) line is a
special digital phone line that is about four times faster than the fastest
modem used over a standard analog telephone line. However, an ISDN
line typically costs more than regular phone service and may not be
available in your community. For more information about ISDN, see
“Connecting to an ISDN Line” later in this chapter.
Shared Telecommunications Equipment on Your Network: Many models of
your computer come with an Ethernet card, allowing you to connect to
a network. If your computer is part of a network, there may be shared
communications equipment available that will allow you (or anyone
else on your network) to get online. Contact your computer network
administrator for more information. You can also find general
information about networks in Chapter 7, “Connecting Your Computer
to a Network.”

Chapter 6

Choosing and connecting a modem
A modem is a piece of equipment that turns the data from your computer into
information that can be transmitted over telephone lines. The modem enables
your computer to send and receive telephone calls, connect to the Internet,
access online services, and communicate with other computer users. Some
modems also allow you to transmit documents on your computer to fax
machines as well as receive faxes as documents that you can view on screen
or print.
To add a modem to your computer, you can install an internal modem card in
the communication slot of your computer, or, if the communication slot is
already filled with a network card, you can connect an external modem (a
separate piece of equipment that sits outside the computer case and connects
to it with a cable).
Keep in mind that when your phone and a modem share a single phone line,
you will not be able to use both at the same time, even if they are attached to
separate phone jacks. While you use a modem, outside callers get a busy
signal and you cannot call out. Conversely, when you use your phone, you
cannot use the modem. (If you miss phone calls because you often use your
modem, you may want to get a second phone line installed or get a phone
company message service, which, unlike an answering machine, will record
messages even when your phone is off the hook or you are online.)
Also keep in mind that long distance charges accrue when your modem dials
long-distance numbers. In most cases, an online service or an Internet service
provider will have a local access phone number so that long distance charges
do not apply.

Connecting Your Computer to a Telephone Line

Choosing a modem
When selecting a modem, look for one with a high speed of data transfer,
a compatible modem cable (if the modem is external), and good bundled
software. Remember, if your communication slot is already filled with a
network card (many models of your computer come with an Ethernet card in
this slot), you’ll want to look for an external modem rather than a modem card.
Modem speed
The modem speed determines how fast a modem can download, or transfer
data from a remote location to your computer. Be sure to purchase the fastest
modem that you can afford, particularly if you plan to connect to the World
Wide Web. Many Web pages contain graphics, video, and sound that will take
longer to download with a slower modem.
The speed of a modem is specified in kilobits per second (Kbps) or bits per
second (bps). Faster modems transfer data to and from your computer more
quickly than slower ones. The following table describes the current modem
speeds that are available.

Chapter 6

Modem speed

Usage

33,600 bps
(33.6 Kbps)

The fastest modem available (as of this writing) for use with standard
analog telephone lines. Suitable for World Wide Web use.

28,800 bps
(28.8 Kbps)

Slightly slower than a 33.6 Kbps modem, but still suitable
for World Wide Web use.

14,400 bps
(14.4 Kbps)

Only half as fast as a 28.8 Kbps modem. May be acceptable for
text-oriented applications such as e-mail or terminal emulation.

9600, 4800,
and 2400 bps

Too slow for most purposes.

Modem cables (for external modems)
If you purchase an external modem that is designed for use with a Macintosh,
it will probably include a Macintosh-compatible modem cable. If you have to
purchase a cable separately, make sure it supports hardware handshaking, a
protocol that controls the flow of data between computers. Also make sure the
cable has a rounded connector that will fit the modem port on the back of
your computer (labeled with a W icon). A cable designed for use with a
Windows- or DOS-compatible computer won’t work with your Macintosh.
Bundled software
Many modems include bundled software, such as fax software, a terminal
emulation program, and free trial membership software for online services. If
you can’t decide between two comparably priced modems, pick the one that
comes with the best bundled software.

Connecting a modem
To connect an external modem, follow the instructions in the manuals that
came with your modem. To install and connect an internal modem card,
follow the instructions in Appendix B of this manual for installing
communication cards as well as the instructions in the manual that came
with the card.
Note: Some modems have a single phone jack, while others have two. If your
modem has only one phone jack, consider purchasing a line splitter at an
electronics supply store. A line splitter enables you to plug your phone and
your internal modem into the same jack at the same time. (By the way, you
can keep your answering machine connected to your phone, even if your
phone and modem share the same telephone line.)
IMPORTANT When connecting a modem, make sure you connect the modem to

an analog phone line—the kind used typically in homes. Connecting to an
ISDN line could damage the modem.
IMPORTANT Disconnect your modem from the phone jack during lightning
storms. This will prevent a destructive voltage overload from damaging
the modem.

Connecting Your Computer to a Telephone Line

Setting up your modem to connect online
Once you have installed and connected your modem, you need to configure
the connection so the modem can contact your network or Internet service
provider (ISP). The Apple Internet Connection Kit that came on the system
software CD-ROM disc can be used to set up your modem connection. Your
network administrator or ISP can provide more information about what
settings to use to configure your connection. Refer to Chapter 8, “Using Your
Modem to Connect to the Internet or an Online Service,” for more
information about getting your computer online.

Connecting to an ISDN line
If you have a home office, telecommute frequently, or routinely need to send
and receive large files, then a 28.8- or 33.6-Kbps modem may not be fast
enough for your needs. For faster performance, you may want to consider
connecting your computer to an Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN)
digital telephone line, which can transfer data at 128 Kbps, nearly 4.5 times
faster than a 28.8 Kbps modem.
ISDN lines are available to most but not all residential and business telephone
customers. Check with your local phone company to see if ISDN service is
available at your location.
There are fixed monthly charges and per-minute usage fees for ISDN, just like
regular phone service. Typically, ISDN costs more than regular phone service,
but it is still affordable for many business and residential purposes. Because
one ISDN line can support several devices simultaneously—such as a
computer, voice phone, and fax machine—you may be able to replace existing
extra phone lines with one ISDN line.
Note: Because an ISDN line requires a power source at your location, a
phone attached to an ISDN line will not work during a power outage. For
emergency use, you should strongly consider keeping your regular analog
phone line, which receives power from the phone company.

Chapter 6

Setting up an ISDN line
If you’re interested in setting up an ISDN line, first contact your local phone
company to see if ISDN service is available at your location. Your phone
company can also provide specific information about monthly charges and
usage fees. (Your phone company may also charge an installation fee, which
may be waived or refunded if you agree to keep the ISDN line for a specified
amount of time.)
In addition, you also need to purchase and configure an ISDN terminal
adapter, which connects to the external modem port on your Macintosh and
to the ISDN line. (ISDN terminal adapters are often called “ISDN modems”
because they are somewhat similar to modems.)
Some ISDN terminal adapter models may be difficult to configure with the
network configuration of your employer or internet service provider. Work
closely with your computer network administrator or internet service provider
to make sure you purchase a compatible ISDN terminal adapter.

Connecting Your Computer to a Telephone Line

Read this chapter for information about
connecting to other computers
in a local area network.

Connecting Your Computer to a Network

Any group of computers and other devices connected in order to
communicate with each other constitutes a network. Some networks connect
all their computers by a particular type of cable. Such networks are called
local area networks (LANs). LANs can be as simple as two computers
connected together or as complex as a business’s in-house computer network.
Sometimes groups of networks connect to form a larger network, such as the
Internet. This is called a wide area network (WAN).This chapter discusses
several types of LANs to which you can connect your computer.

Connecting to a network expands the features of your computer by giving you
access to the services and resources provided on the network. For example,
your computer by itself lets you store, retrieve, and modify information on
floppy disks, hard disks, and CD-ROM discs. When your computer is
connected to a network, however, you can also store and retrieve information
on the hard disks and CD-ROM discs of other computers, use electronic mail,
and share computing resources such as printers, modems, and network
services.
You can get much of the specific information about the network you want to
connect to from the network administrator—the person who oversees the
network’s operation. Before you begin connecting to a network, contact its
network administrator.
Your computer can be connected to several kinds of networks, including
the following:
m LocalTalk To connect to a LocalTalk network, you connect a LocalTalk
cable to either the modem port or the printer port on your computer.
m Ethernet To connect to a high-speed Ethernet network, you need an
Ethernet card installed in the communication or PCI (peripheral
component interconnect) slot in your computer. Many models of your
computer come with a 10Base-T (twisted pair) Ethernet card already
installed in the communication slot.
m Alternative networks such as Token Ring, ISDN, or Fiber Distributed Data Interface
(FDDI) To connect to any of these networks, you need to install a PCI card
for the specific type of network you want to connect to in one of the PCI
slots in your computer.

Chapter 7

This chapter describes how to connect to and configure your computer on
LocalTalk and Ethernet networks. For other network-related information,
refer to the appropriate information source
m If your computer is already connected to a network, refer to Macintosh
Guide (or Mac OS Guide), available in the Guide (h) menu, for
information about printing to a networked printer, accessing information
on file servers, and sharing files on your computer with other users. Also,
your network administrator can provide information about network
software that may be available, such as Internet access and electronic mail.
m If your location does not currently have a network and you are interested
in setting one up, refer to a book on Macintosh networking that will help
you select and plan a network appropriate for your organization. Many
books about networks are available at computer bookstores.
Note: With a modem, you can connect to the Internet and other online
services. However, with an Ethernet card or LocalTalk connection (described
in this chapter), you can also connect your computer to other computers or
servers in a local area network. You may also be able to reach the Internet if
you connect to a network that has an Internet link. (By the way, access to the
Internet over a network may be noticeably faster than access by a modem. For
information on using your modem, see Chapter 6, “Connecting Your
Computer to a Telephone Line.”)

Connecting Your Computer to a Network

Connecting to a LocalTalk Network
To connect your Macintosh to a LocalTalk network, you need LocalTalk
cables and a LocalTalk adapter. In most cases, the Apple LocalTalk Locking
Connector Kit DIN-8, available from your Apple-authorized dealer, contains
the components you need to connect your Macintosh to an existing LocalTalk
network. If your network uses standard telephone cables for your network
wiring, obtain an Apple LocalTalk RJ-11 Connector instead.
Apple LocalTalk Locking Connector Kit DIN-8

Apple LocalTalk RJ-11 Connector

LocalTalk adapter

LocalTalk cable

Standard telephone cable

To connect your Macintosh to a LocalTalk network, do the following:
1

Shut down your computer.

Attach the LocalTalk adapter to the printer port or modem port on your computer.

Printer port

Printer port icon

Chapter 7

Attach a network cable between the LocalTalk adapter connected to your computer and a
LocalTalk adapter on your existing network.
IMPORTANT While connecting to the middle of the network you may interrupt
other users. Check with your network administrator before you connect.

If you connect to the last computer in the network, you need to attach a
network terminator to your LocalTalk adapter.
If you are using the Apple LocalTalk Locking Connector Kit DIN-8, use the
LocalTalk cable that comes with the kit to connect to a network with
LocalTalk cables. If you are using the Apple LocalTalk RJ-11 Connector, use a
standard telephone cable with RJ-11 connectors.

Printer port

LocalTalk adapter

LocalTalk cable

Configure your LocalTalk connection following the advice of your network administrator
and the instructions in “Configuring Your Network Connection” later in this chapter.

Connecting Your Computer to a Network

Connecting to an Ethernet network
Ethernet is a cable system that lets your computer communicate with other
computers much faster than it can with LocalTalk cables. To connect your
computer to an Ethernet network, you need to do the following:
m Find out from your network administrator what kind of Ethernet network
you’re connecting to.
m If your computer did not come with the appropriate Ethernet card already
installed, buy and install the right kind of Ethernet card and cable. See
“Choosing an Ethernet Card,” next in this chapter. See Appendix B for
instructions on installing cards in your computer.
m Connect the card to the network. See the instructions later in this chapter
for connecting the card to the type of Ethernet network you have.
m Configure the network connection. See the instructions in “Configuring
Your Network Connection,” later in this chapter.

Choosing an Ethernet card
Many models of your computer come with an Ethernet card already installed.
If your computer didn’t include an Ethernet card and you decide to add one,
there are two factors that affect what kind of Ethernet card you should
purchase for your computer—where the card will be installed in your
computer and what kind of network you’ll be connecting to. Depending on
the type of card you install, you may also need an appropriate media adapter.

Chapter 7

Where to install the card
Some kinds of Ethernet cards fit into the computer’s communication slot;
however, so do internal modem cards. If you install an internal modem card
in the communication slot but you also want to connect to an Ethernet
network, purchase an Ethernet card that instead uses the computer’s PCI
(peripheral component interconnect) slot.
WARNING Do not connect cables to the back of your computer when the

power is on or you may damage your system.
m If your Ethernet card uses a PCI slot, follow the instructions in “Installing
a PCI Card” in the section “Installing an Expansion Card” in Appendix B,
and the instructions that came with the card.
m If your Ethernet card uses the communication slot (this type of card is
often referred to as an Apple Ethernet Comm II card), follow the
instructions in “Installing a Communication Card” in the section
“Installing an Expansion Card” in Appendix B, and the instructions that
came with the card.
Network type
Find out what kind of network you will be connecting to (your network
administrator should be able to provide this information). Depending on the
kind of network, you will choose among cards that use one of these types of
cables:
m thin or thick coaxial (or “coax”) cable, also called 10Base-2
m 10Base-T (twisted pair) cable
m fiber-optic media or other standard Ethernet cable
So for example, if you know that your Ethernet network uses 10Base-T cables,
and you want to use your communication slot for a modem card, you would
purchase a 10Base-T Ethernet card that fits in a PCI slot.

Connecting Your Computer to a Network

Media adapters
You can connect directly to an Ethernet network using a 10Base-T twisted-pair
cable. However, to connect your computer to an Ethernet network using
coaxial cables, you need one of the following Ethernet media adapters:
m Apple Ethernet Thin Coax Transceiver
m Apple Ethernet AUI Adapter
See your Apple-authorized dealer for more information on Apple Ethernet
media adapters.

Connecting to a twisted-pair Ethernet network
Follow this procedure to connect your Macintosh to an Ethernet network that
uses twisted-pair cable. (You can’t connect to an Ethernet network unless you
have an Ethernet card installed. If your computer didn’t come with an
Ethernet card already installed, see the information at the beginning of this
section, “Connecting to an Ethernet Network.”) You need a twisted-pair patch
cord with an RJ-45 telephone-style connector, which you plug into a wall
plate connected to the existing 10Base-T Ethernet network.
IMPORTANT Be careful not to plug a regular telephone cable into your RJ-45
connector. Although it works very differently, an RJ-45 connector looks very
similar to a standard telephone cable. Also, the connectors at the ends of the
cables will fit into both telephone and twisted-pair Ethernet ports. Make sure
you are using an RJ-45 connector cable.

To connect your Macintosh to a twisted-pair Ethernet network, follow these
instructions:
1

Shut down your computer.

Plug one end of the twisted-pair patch cord into the 10Base-T Ethernet port on
the Ethernet card in your Macintosh.
Status light (lights up when there’s a good network connection)
Twisted-pair Ethernet port (10Base-T)

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Plug the other end of the twisted-pair patch cord into an RJ-45 wall outlet that is
connected to a twisted-pair Ethernet network.
Ethernet port (twisted-pair)

RJ-45 connector
Wall plate (RJ-45 port)

Twisted-pair cable

Configure your network connection following the advice of your network administrator
and the instructions in “Configuring Your Network Connection” later in this chapter.

Connecting Your Computer to a Network

101

Connecting to a thin coaxial Ethernet network
Follow this procedure to connect your Macintosh to an Ethernet network
that uses a thin coaxial cable. The hardware connection requires an Apple (or
Apple-compatible) thin coaxial Ethernet card and a thin coaxial cable.
IMPORTANT You can connect your Macintosh anywhere on the network;
however, to do so requires that you temporarily disconnect the network,
which will interrupt existing network services and activity temporarily.
Consult your network administrator before connecting your computer to
the network.

WARNING Do not connect the Ethernet cable directly to the coaxial port

on the back of the computer. The cable must first be attached to the
T-connector and the T-connector must be attached to the coaxial port.
1

Shut down your Macintosh.

Attach one end of a thin coaxial cable to the T-connector that came with your card.

Don’t attach the T-connector to your computer yet.
3

On the computer closest to your computer, detach the network cable (or terminator) from
its T-connector.

This disrupts network services for other users.
4

Lock the free end of your thin coaxial cable to the T-connector on the other computer.

If you are adding your computer somewhere in the middle of the network, lock the
unattached network cable to your T-connector. Otherwise, lock a terminator to your Tconnector.

This restores network services for other users.

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Attach your T-connector to the port on your card.

It may help to use two hands. With one hand, push the T-connector on the
port. While still holding the T-connector, use your other hand to twist and
lock the connector into place.
Pull the T-connector to make sure it is locked securely onto the port.
Status light (lights up when there’s a good network connection)
Thin coaxial Ethernet port (10Base-2)
Ethernet port (thin coaxial)

Thin coaxial cable

T-connector

Thin coaxial cable
(or thin coaxial
Ethernet terminator
if your computer is
the last device on
the network)

Start up your computer.

Configure your network connection following the advice of your network administrator
and the instructions in “Configuring Your Network Connection” later in this chapter.

Connecting Your Computer to a Network

103

Connecting to other types of Ethernet network
The Apple Ethernet AUI Adapter is a universal adapter that lets you connect
your computer to less-common types of industry-standard Ethernet media,
such as thick coaxial or fiber-optic cable. If you are using the Apple Ethernet
AUI Adapter, you also need an Ethernet transceiver for your specific media
type; the transceiver must have a standard AUI port on it.
To connect your computer to an Ethernet transceiver for other types of
Ethernet media, follow these instructions:
1

Shut down your computer.

Connect the Ethernet transceiver to the network following the instructions that came
with the transceiver.

Plug the transceiver cable from the Ethernet transceiver into the standard AUI port on
the Apple Ethernet AUI Adapter.
Ethernet port (AAUI)

AAUI connector

Electrical outlet
Apple Ethernet AUI Adapter

Ethernet transceiver for other media

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Plug the adapter’s power cord into an electrical power outlet.

Plug the connector on the Apple Ethernet AUI Adapter into the AAUI Ethernet port on
your Macintosh.

AAUI Ethernet port

Configure your network connection following the advice of your network administrator
and the instructions in “Configuring Your Network Connection” next.

Configuring your network connection
After you physically connect your computer to a LocalTalk or Ethernet
network, you need to configure your network connection in the AppleTalk
control panel, the TCP/IP control panel, or both.
m You use the AppleTalk control panel to set up your connection to an
AppleTalk network (that is, a network using the AppleTalk protocol).
m You use the TCP/IP control panel to set up your connection to the Internet
and to a TCP/IP network. (TCP/IP stands for Transmission Control
Protocol/Internet Protocol. It is the set of data communication rules
followed by networks to communicate with each other on the Internet.)
You may need additional information about the network to which your
computer is connected, or about the service through which your computer is
connected to the Internet. To get this information, you may need to contact
your network administrator or your Internet service provider (ISP).

Connecting Your Computer to a Network

105

Configuring your AppleTalk network connection
To configure your AppleTalk network connection, you must specify the port
you use to connect your computer to the network.
Additionally, you may need to select the zone in which your computer is
located. Larger networks use zones to create groups of computers, printers,
servers, and other network devices. For example, a network might have a zone
for each floor in an office building. If your network has more than one zone,
you can choose the zone in which your computer is located. The zone you
choose is automatically selected in the Chooser (for example, when you select
a network printer) and it is the zone in which other network users can find
your computer if you turn on file sharing.
To configure your AppleTalk network connection, follow these steps:
1

Choose Control Panels from the Apple menu.

Double-click the AppleTalk icon to open it.

The AppleTalk control panel opens.

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Move the pointer to the “Connect via” pop-up menu (if available), press and hold down
the mouse button to open the menu, and choose the port through which your computer
is connected to the network.

You can connect to an AppleTalk network through an Ethernet port, the
printer port, the modem port, or any other ports available on expansion cards
installed in your computer. (Any additional ports appear automatically in this
pop-up menu.)
Note: If you don’t see a pop-up menu here, this setting has been locked.
Contact your network administrator for assistance. (If you don’t have a
network administrator, you can use the Administration user mode to unlock
this setting. For more information about user modes, click the h button in the
AppleTalk control panel.)
4

Use the Current Zone pop-up menu (if available) to choose the zone you want.

If you don’t see a pop-up menu here, either your network has no zone, this
setting has been locked, or your network is not set up to allow you to choose
a zone. Zones are set up by the network administrator.
5

Click the close box to close the AppleTalk control panel.

If you have made configuration changes, a message asks if you want to
save them.
If you have changed the port, a message also tells you that the change will
interrupt any AppleTalk services that are established. This means that your
network services, such as printers and e-mail, may be temporarily
unavailable, and you may have to choose a printer and connect to your
e-mail service again after saving changes.
6

To save your changes, click the Save button.

Your changes take effect immediately; you do not have to restart your
computer.

Connecting Your Computer to a Network

107

Getting more information about the AppleTalk control panel
Macintosh Guide (or Mac OS Guide) contains information about additional
capabilities available in the AppleTalk control panel, such as
m using configurations, a way to save different AppleTalk settings and switch
among them as desired—for example, if you use your computer with more
than one network
m using the User Mode command to change the availability of settings in the
AppleTalk control panel
m turning AppleTalk off in order to save RAM in your computer when you
are not using an AppleTalk network
For more information about these capabilities, click the h button in the
AppleTalk control panel.

Configuring your TCP/IP network connection
You must properly set up the TCP/IP control panel if your computer is
connected to a network that uses TCP/IP standards, such as the Internet.
TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) is a set of rules that
are applied to data sent and received on the Internet. The rules standardize
how data is communicated so that many different kinds of computers can
recognize it. TCP/IP protocols can be used with many different types of
network equipment and connections. If you don’t know whether your network
uses TCP/IP, contact your network administrator.
To set up your TCP/IP network connection, you must specify the port you use
to connect your computer to the network. TCP/IP networks also require
information about your computer’s network address. You must enter that
information in the TCP/IP control panel, or specify a server on which the
information can be found. To get this information, check with your network
administrator or Internet service provider.

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Before you begin
To properly configure your connection, you need to have information about
all the elements involved. Among these are the types of servers used on the
network, your Internet Protocol (IP) address, and your subnet mask. Your
Internet service provider or network administrator can give you the
information you need in order to set up your connection.
Setting up
To set up your TCP/IP network connection, follow these steps:
1

Choose Control Panels from the Apple menu.

The Control Panels window opens.
2

Double-click the TCP/IP icon to open it.

The TCP/IP control panel opens.

Connecting Your Computer to a Network

109

Use the “Connect via” pop-up menu to choose the port through which your computer is
connected to the network.

Note: If you don’t see the pop-up menu or other settings described in this
section, the TCP/IP configuration may have been locked. Contact your network
administrator for assistance. (If you don’t have a network administrator, you
can use the Administration user mode to unlock this setting. For more
information about user modes in the TCP/IP control panel, click the h button.)
4

Use the Configure pop-up menu to choose a configuration method.

If you are connected using Ethernet, the pop-up menu looks like this:

If you are connected using AppleTalk (MacIP), the pop-up menu looks
like this:

If you are configuring your network connection manually, type the information provided
by your network administrator or Internet service provider into the appropriate boxes.

You must specify an IP address. You may also need to enter a subnet mask
number, router address, and other information.
6

If your network configuration will be provided automatically by a server, do one of the
following:

m If you are using a BootP server or DHCP server, skip to step 7. The server
usually provides all the configuration information needed by TCP/IP.
m If you are using a RARP server, you may need to type additional
information provided by your network administrator or Internet service
provider into the appropriate boxes. If so, enter the information now.
m If you are using a MacIP server, click Select Zone. In the dialog box that
appears, choose the zone that contains the MacIP server you want to use
and then click OK. (Additionally, if you are connecting with Apple Remote
Access [ARA], you must open a connection before you can select a zone.)

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Click the close box to close the TCP/IP control panel.

If you have made configuration changes, an alert box asks if you want to save
them. If you have changed the port, an alert box also tells you that the change
will interrupt any connections to TCP/IP services. For example, you may have
to quit and reopen a Web browser or e-mail software after saving changes.
8

To save your changes, click the Save button.

Your changes take effect immediately; you do not have to restart your
computer.
Getting more information about the TCP/IP control panel
Macintosh Guide (or Mac OS Guide) contains information about additional
capabilities available in the TCP/IP control panel, such as
m using configurations, a way to save different TCP/IP settings and switch
among them as desired
m using the User Mode command to determine the availability of settings in
the TCP/IP control panel
m turning TCP/IP off to save RAM when you are not using a TCP/IP-based
network
For more information about these capabilities, click the h button in the
TCP/IP control panel.

Connecting Your Computer to a Network

111

Read this chapter for information
about the Internet and online
service software that is included
with your computer.

Using Your Modem to Connect
to the Internet or an Online Service

This chapter discusses how you use your Macintosh to connect to the fastest
growing organization on Earth: the online community. This community
gathers in private places provided by subscriber-only services and in the
public space called the Internet. With a modem and the right software, you
have a couple of options for reaching these meeting places. Once you arrive
you can exchange e-mail messages, browse the World Wide Web, gather
information on topics of interest to you, participate in discussion groups,
download software, and use many other services. This chapter provides some
explanations and instructions to help you connect.

113

About the Internet and its language
The Internet, or “Net” as it’s sometimes called, is a loosely knit federation of
computer networks that “speak” the same language. The language in this case,
is a communications standard known as the Internet protocol, or IP.
No one individual or company owns the Internet, and the individual
computers and the networks of computers knitted into it are located all over
the world. Originally created for military purposes, the Internet developed
dramatically as universities began using it to share information and data. It
has now become an expansive resource for millions of users around the
world, catering to virtually every imaginable interest.
Internet users may come upon the term TCP/IP, or Transmission Control
Protocol. TCP/IP is the series of protocols used for sending data across the
Internet. Sending a message across the Internet involves a three-step process.
First, a network computer breaks up the data that make up the message into
several smaller data packages, each of which conforms to a strict set of
guidelines. These guidelines are called TCP. Once the computer has properly
prepared the packages, it sends them out for delivery. The packets’ addresses,
directions on how to deliver them, and other routing specifications are
dictated by the other set of guidelines mentioned earlier, Internet Protocol
(IP). Because of the Internet’s complexity, the packages may not travel
together, even though they are bound for the same address, and may even
arrive at different times. Using TCP, the computer at the receiving end
unscrambles the packets and sorts the data to recreate the original message.

Using your modem to connect to an Internet Service Provider or an online service
Once you have physically connected your modem to a phone line, you have
several choices to make before you can get to the Internet. First, you must
connect to and open an account with an electronic service provider. Providers
fall generally into two categories: Internet service providers (ISP) and online
services. Each has its distinct qualities; both charge a fee for your account.
Your Macintosh comes with two software packages that give you the choice of
connecting with an ISP or an online service. The software items are the Apple
Internet Connection Kit (AICK) and America Online (AOL).

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Connecting with the Apple Internet Connection Kit
As the name implies, the facilities of an Internet Service Provider let you use
your computer to get onto the Internet. Although some ISPs offer other
services, Internet access is their main business. Once you connect with an
ISP, you have unlimited access to the Internet because your connection with
the ISP actually turns your computer into a part of the network itself.
All the software you need to connect with an ISP is included with your
computer in the Apple Internet Connection Kit (AICK). This software
package helps you select and set up an account with one of several ISPs and
helps you set up your Internet connection software. AICK also contains
several other software utilities designed for the Internet. For more
information and instructions, see the manual and online help that come
with AICK.

Connecting with America Online
Unlike ISPs, online services provide additional services for their members
alone. An online service may offer e-mail, updated news, sports scores, and
stock price updates, special chat groups, and other services as well as a
connection to the Internet. Some, like AOL, also offer their own software for
use on the Internet. Online services work differently from ISPs in that they
filter and funnel some of the data before you receive it and do not make your
computer an actual part of the Internet. This allows such services to tailor the
Internet access they provide their members. For example, Internet sites
deemed not suitable for children can be placed off limits. You might consider
this in deciding whether to select an online service or an ISP.
Your computer includes the software needed to connect with America Online
(AOL). Because AOL is very easy to use it may be the best choice if you have
never used an online service or the Internet before. You can open the AOL
software by double-clicking its icon. Check the onscreen help that comes with
the software for assistance on establishing an account with AOL.

Using Your Modem to Connect to the Internet or an Online Service

115

What the connection software does
Once you have selected a service that will get you to the Internet, you must
first establish a phone link with the service and configure your modem so
that it can “speak” with the service’s computers. Like the TCP/IP language
spoken among computers on the Internet, your modem communicates with
the service’s computers in an industry-standard language, called Point-to-Point
Protocol, or PPP. The data sent by your computer in PPP is converted by the
service’s computers into TCP/IP and then is sent out over the Internet. When
data arrives from the Internet, the translation process occurs in reverse.
When you use AICK, the Internet Dialer program establishes and configures
the PPP connection between your modem and the chosen ISP. A similar piece
of software sets up the connection when you use AOL. See the instructions
that come with AICK and AOL for more information.

What you can do on the Internet
The complexity of the Internet makes it possible to communicate across it in
a variety of ways, including exchanging e-mail, teleconferencing, and
retrieving files. Both AICK and AOL provide you with software required for
some of these forms of communication. (For more information, refer to the
relevant manual and online help for AICK and AOL.)

Browse the World Wide Web
The World Wide Web (also known as the Web) is the fastest growing part of
the Internet. You view information on the Web by using software called a Web
browser. You can view color images, animation, and video, and even hear
sound. The “documents” that you view on the Web are known as Web pages, a
collection of which is called a Web site. Web pages and sites contain links to
other pages and sites. When you click a word or image that has been
designated as a link, your browser automatically displays the contents of the
linked page. The following illustration shows is a portion of the “home page”
of the Apple Computer web site.

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E-mail
You use electronic mail, or e-mail, to exchange information in much the same
way that you use paper mail, except that e-mail is faster and more convenient.
It is as easy to send a message to a single recipient as it is to send the same
message to many recipients. You can also attach entire electronic files to
e-mail.

Newsgroups
You can participate in “newsgroups”—worldwide public discussion groups
for debating issues and for exchanging information. You can subscribe to a
newsgroup for almost any topic imaginable, and you can read, respond to, and
create your own messages, usually referred to as articles. Most newsgroups are
unmoderated, which means that you can post your articles directly to the
newsgroup. Other newsgroups are moderated, which means someone screens
the articles and posts only those deemed appropriate for the newsgroup.

Using Your Modem to Connect to the Internet or an Online Service

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FTP
You can use File Transfer Protocol (FTP) software to transfer files to or from
other computers on the Internet. Many specialized computers known as
servers provide Internet users with files through FTP. FTP software comes in
handy when you want to download (copy to your computer) software or
software updates over the Internet.

Telnet
With Telnet software you can log onto other computers so that you can use
their programs and data as if those items were on your own hard disk. Many
libraries, for instance, have electronic (online) card catalogs that you can
access by using Telnet software. There are a variety of other specialized
databases that you can access through Telnet.

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Chapter 9

Troubleshooting

II
part

Consult this chapter if you experience
problems using your computer.

Troubleshooting

When you have questions
If you want to know how to do a particular task with your computer, refer
to Macintosh Guide in the Guide (h) menu.
Note: In some versions of system software, Macintosh Guide is called
Mac OS Guide.
For instructions on using Macintosh Guide and Mac OS Guide, see Chapter 2
of this manual, “Getting Help.”

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If you have trouble
While you’re using your computer, you may occasionally see a bomb icon
or an error message, or the pointer (8) may “freeze” on the screen. If you have
trouble with your computer, take a few minutes to read the information in this
chapter. If your problem is related to a particular procedure, you should also
look for information on that procedure in Macintosh Guide (or Mac OS
Guide), available in the Guide (h) menu. For additional troubleshooting
information and a list of common questions relating to your system software,
see the “Troubleshooting” topic area of Macintosh Guide (or Mac OS Guide).
If you are unable to access Macintosh Guide (for example, if your screen is
“frozen”), refer to this chapter to see if you can resolve the problem.
WARNING If you have a problem with your computer and nothing

presented in this chapter solves it, consult the service and support
information that came with your computer for instructions on how to
contact an Apple-authorized service provider or Apple for assistance. If
you attempt to repair the computer yourself, any damage you may cause
to the computer will not be covered by the limited warranty on your
computer. Contact an Apple-authorized dealer or service provider for
additional information about this or any other warranty question.

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Take your time
When you see an error message, you don’t have to take action immediately.
The message stays on the screen until you click the OK (or Restart) button or
turn off the Macintosh.
To help diagnose and correct the problem, follow the suggestions in this
subsection. Gather as much information on the situation as you can. Then
follow the instructions in the next subsection, “Start Over by Restarting
Your Computer.”
m Make a note of exactly what you were doing when the problem occurred.
Write down the message on the screen. List the application programs you
were using and the names of any items you know have been added to the
System Folder since the system software was installed. This information
will help a service person diagnose the problem. (It is helpful to keep a
printed copy of the items in your System Folder. For instructions on
printing the contents of a folder, see the “Printing” topic area of Macintosh
Guide (or Mac OS Guide), available in the Guide [h] menu.)
m Check the screen for any clues. Is a menu selected? What applications and
document icons are open? Note anything else that seems relevant.
m If you were typing text and were not able to save it before the problem
occurred, you can write down the parts of the text still visible on the
screen so that some of your work will be easy to replace.
m Ask other Macintosh users about the problem you’re having; they may have
a solution for it.
If you need repair service, consult the service and support information that
came with your computer for instructions on how to contact an Appleauthorized service provider or Apple for assistance.
If you know the problem is with an application not published by Apple, call the
application’s publisher. Click the Phone Numbers button in the Service/Support
area of the Launcher to get a software publisher’s phone number.

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Start over by restarting your computer
Often you can eliminate a problem simply by clearing the computer’s memory
and starting over.
If you can, save any open documents before restarting your Macintosh. If
your system is frozen and does not respond to anything you do, or if you have
a “bomb” message on the screen, saving may not be possible. You can try
pressing x-Option-Esc to quit the application in use when the problem
occurred; if this works, you can then save the documents open in other
applications before restarting. Restart the computer immediately after you
save your documents—quitting an application using x-Option-Esc may leave
corrupted data in the computer’s memory. This corrupted data is erased when
you restart the computer.
Note: Use this key combination to force an application to quit only when you
can’t choose Quit from the File menu.
To restart your Macintosh, try the following steps:
1

If you can, choose Restart from the Special menu or from the dialog box that’s on screen.

Dialog boxes contain messages from the computer. If something goes wrong,
a message may appear on the screen asking you to restart the computer.
2

If you can’t choose Restart, press the Power key (marked with a π) on the keyboard,
then click Shut Down.

If the Power key on the keyboard doesn’t work, hold down the x and Control keys while
you press the Power key (π).

This key combination restarts the computer. (Use this key combination only
when you can’t choose Restart from the Special menu or restart the computer
using the Power key.)
4

If your computer still doesn’t restart, turn it off by pressing the standby power button
(®) on the back of the computer. Wait at least 10 seconds, and then turn the computer
on again by pressing the Power key (marked with a π) on the keyboard.

If you suspect that the problem is with other equipment, such as a printer or
an external hard disk that’s attached to your computer, turn that equipment off
for 10 seconds or longer, then turn it on again and restart the Macintosh.

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Rebuild your desktop
A process known as “rebuilding the desktop” helps your Macintosh keep
track of data on your startup disks. (Although the hard disk in your computer
is usually the startup disk, you can start up from any other disk that has
system software installed.) It’s a good idea to rebuild your desktop once a
month or so.
Rebuilding your desktop can solve a number of problems. For example, when
application documents are no longer represented by application-specific icons
(and are instead represented by generic icons on the desktop), rebuilding the
desktop fixes the problem. Afterward, appropriate icons should appear for
all documents.
Some extensions may interfere with rebuilding your desktop. To prevent
problems, you’ll need to turn off all extensions except Macintosh Easy Open
before you rebuild your desktop. When you finish rebuilding the desktop, turn
the extensions you normally use back on.
To rebuild the desktop of a startup disk, follow these steps:
1

Open the Extensions Manager control panel by choosing Extensions Manager from the
Control Panels submenu of the Apple (K) menu.

From the Sets pop-up menu, choose Save Set.

In the Save Set dialog box, type a name for your currently selected extensions (for
example, “My Extensions”) and click OK. The name of your set is added to the Sets
pop-up menu.

This saves your current set of extensions.
4

Choose All Off from the Sets pop-up menu to turn off all extensions.

Turn on Macintosh Easy Open by clicking it in the list so that a checkmark appears
beside it.

You can find Macintosh Easy Open by scrolling down the list of extensions.
Macintosh Easy Open appears under the heading “Control Panels.”

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Restart your computer while holding down the Command (x) and Option keys.

Hold down the x and Option keys until you see the dialog box that asks if
you’re sure you want to rebuild your desktop file. When the dialog box
appears, you can release the keys.
7

Click OK.

The desktop starts rebuilding.
IMPORTANT Do not stop the desktop-rebuilding process. Doing so could

damage your system files.
8

Open the Extensions Manager control panel by choosing Control Panels from the
Apple (K) menu. When the Control Panels window appears, double-click the Extensions
Manager icon.

From the Sets pop-up menu, choose the name you gave your set of extensions in step 3.

This turns your original set of extensions back on.
10

Restart your computer to activate the extensions.

Solutions to common problems with your computer
This section contains descriptions of problems you could experience with
your computer. Some problems may be caused by your CD-ROM drive, so if
you don’t find your problem included here, be sure to check the section
“Solutions to CD-ROM Problems” later in this chapter.
The computer is turned on but the screen is dark.

One of the following is probably the cause:
m You have a screen saver application program that darkens the screen when
the computer has not been used for a certain period of time.
Press a key or move the mouse to turn off the screen saver.
m Your computer has gone to sleep because it was inactive. Wake it up by
pressing the Power key (marked with a π) on the keyboard.

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m The monitor’s brightness control (¤) is not adjusted properly.
Check the monitor’s brightness control and turn it up if necessary.
m The monitor’s contrast control (O) is not adjusted properly.
Check the monitor’s contrast control and adjust it if necessary.
m The computer or the monitor is not getting power.
Check that the computer’s power cord is firmly connected to the computer
and plugged into a grounded electrical outlet, and that the outlet has power.
Check that the monitor is plugged in and turned on, and that the monitor
cable is firmly connected to both the computer and the monitor.
If you are displaying video from your computer on a television screen, it is
normal for your computer monitor to be dark.
The computer’s clock keeps time inaccurately.

Your computer has a clock that runs continuously. When the computer is
turned off, a battery keeps the clock running. If your clock begins to keep time
inaccurately, have your Apple-authorized service provider replace the battery.
Consult the service and support information that came with your computer
for instructions on how to contact an Apple-authorized service provider.
WARNING Do not attempt to replace the clock battery yourself. If the

clock begins to lose accuracy, have an Apple-authorized dealer or
service provider replace the battery. The service provider will dispose of
the battery according to the local environmental guidelines.
You inadvertently delete an application from your computer’s hard disk.

You can replace any of the software that came with your computer by
dragging it from the CD-ROM disc that contains system software to your hard
disk. See the section “Copying Files From CD-ROM Discs” in Chapter 5.

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127

When you start up, a disk icon with a blinking question mark appears in the middle of
the screen.

This icon indicates that your Macintosh cannot find the system software it
needs to start up. One of the following is probably the cause:
m Your computer may be having a problem recognizing external SCSI (Small
Computer System Interface) equipment, such as hard disks, CD-ROM
drives, and scanners that you may have connected to your computer.
Shut down your computer, turn off all external SCSI equipment, and
disconnect the first SCSI device in the chain from your computer’s SCSI
port. Then restart the computer. If the computer starts up after you
disconnect your SCSI equipment, refer both to the manuals that came with
the equipment and Chapter 3 of this manual, which has information on the
proper way to connect SCSI equipment and assign SCSI ID numbers.
If you have a printer connected to your computer’s SCSI port, make sure
your printer is connected properly. Most printers connect to the printer
port, not the SCSI port. Check the manuals that came with your printer for
information on how to connect it properly.
m System software is not installed on the startup hard disk, the system
software is damaged, or the hard disk is not working properly.
Start up your computer using the CD-ROM disc that contains system
software. Do this by inserting the CD-ROM disc into the CD-ROM drive
and holding down the C key while you restart the computer. (See the
section “Starting Up From a CD-ROM Disc” later in this chapter if you
need more help.) Then follow the instructions in “Repairing a Damaged
Disk” later in this chapter to test your startup hard disk and repair any
damage.
If repairing the disk doesn’t help, follow the instructions in “Installing or
Reinstalling System Software” later in this chapter to reinstall system
software on your startup hard disk.

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A disk icon with an X appears in the middle of the screen and a floppy disk is ejected
from the disk drive.

This icon indicates that the floppy disk you tried to start up from is not a
startup disk. (When you turn on your computer, it looks first in the floppy
disk drive for a disk containing system software. If the disk in the drive does
not contain system software, the computer ejects the disk and looks on its
internal hard disk for system software.)
Wait a few seconds. The computer should start up from its internal hard
disk. Make sure you insert floppy disks only after the computer has begun
starting up.
A “sad Macintosh” icon appears and the computer won’t start up.

This icon indicates that your Macintosh cannot start up because of a problem
with the system software or the computer hardware.
Eject any floppy disks by turning off the computer and then holding down the
mouse button while you turn the computer on again. Try starting up with the
CD-ROM disc that contains system software. Do this by inserting the CD-ROM
disc into the CD-ROM drive and holding down the C key while you restart
the computer. (See the section “Starting Up From a CD-ROM Disc” later in
this chapter if you need more help.) If the “sad Macintosh” icon appears
again, consult the service and support information that came with your
computer for information on contacting an Apple-authorized service provider
or Apple for assistance.

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The computer does not start and you have just installed DIMMs, a High Performance
Module, or expansion cards.

You may need to press the reset button on the main logic board.
m Open your computer following the instructions in “Opening the
Computer,” in Appendix B of this manual.
m Press the reset button on the logic board, and then slide the logic board
back into the computer.
m Reconnect all cables and then restart your computer.
1 Press the reset button.

2 Gently but firmly push
on the vertical plate until
the logic board is solidly
back in place.

When you press the reset button, some of your computer’s software settings
change. You should open the control panels for the date and time, keyboard,
and mouse to make sure that they are set the way you want them. For more
information about working with control panels, see the “Customizing Your
Computer” topic area of Macintosh Guide (or Mac OS Guide), available in
the Guide (h) menu.

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The hard disk icon does not appear on the desktop.

If you don’t see a hard disk icon on the desktop, try the following:
m Use the Drive Setup program to make the disk available. Drive Setup is on
the CD-ROM disc that contains system software. For instructions on using
Drive Setup, follow the instructions in “Checking for Damage on Your
Hard Disk” in the section “Testing and Repairing a Damaged Disk” later in
this chapter.
m If the hard disk is internal, shut down your computer, wait at least
10 seconds, and then turn it on again.
m If the hard disk is external, make sure that it is turned on and that its cable
is connected firmly; then restart the Macintosh.
m Check the ID numbers of all SCSI equipment (anything connected to the
SCSI port [g]) connected to your computer. Each SCSI device must have
its own unique ID number. If your computer came with the optional
CD-ROM drive installed, the CD-ROM drive has SCSI ID number 3. See
the manuals that came with your SCSI equipment, in conjunction with
Chapter 3 in this manual, for information on setting SCSI ID numbers.
m If the hard disk is your startup disk, start your computer with the CD-ROM
disc that contains system software. Do this by inserting the CD-ROM disc
into the CD-ROM drive and holding down the C key while you restart the
computer. (See the section “Starting Up From a CD-ROM Disc” later in
this chapter if you need more help.) Then follow the instructions in
“Repairing a Damaged Disk” later in this chapter to test your startup hard
disk and repair any damage.
If repairing the disk doesn’t help, follow the instructions in “Installing or
Reinstalling System Software” later in this chapter to reinstall system
software on your startup hard disk.
Icons do not appear correctly on your screen.

You need to rebuild the desktop—a process that helps your Macintosh keep
track of files and folders on your hard disk. For instructions, see “Rebuild
Your Desktop” in the section “If You Have Trouble” earlier in this chapter.
If icons do not appear correctly after you rebuild the desktop, try rebuilding a
second time.

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Your Macintosh can’t read a floppy disk.

If you see a message that a floppy disk is unreadable, try one of the following:
m If the disk has never been used, you may simply need to initialize it—that
is, prepare it for use. For instructions, see the “Disks” topic area of
Macintosh Guide (or Mac OS Guide), available in the Guide (h) menu.
m The disk may be damaged. See “Testing and Repairing a Damaged Disk”
later in this chapter for information on testing and repairing disks.
m The disk may have been formatted for use on another kind of computer.
You may be able to use an application that lets you work with such disks on
your Macintosh.
If you are trying unsuccessfully to use a DOS floppy disk, consider the
following:
m When formatting floppy disks on a DOS computer for use in a Macintosh,
you need to format standard double-sided disks as 720K disks and highdensity disks as 1440K disks. Double-sided disks formatted in 1440K
format and high-density disks formatted in 720K format may not work in
a Macintosh.
If you think your DOS floppy disk might have a format that doesn’t work
in a Macintosh, use a DOS computer to copy the contents of the disk onto
a properly formatted disk.
m Make sure the PC Exchange control panel is in the Control Panels folder
(available in the Apple [K] menu) and that it is turned on. To turn on PC
Exchange, open the Extensions Manager control panel and click the PC
Exchange item (under the Control Panels heading) to make a checkmark
appear. Then restart your computer.

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Your computer starts up and you see large folder-shaped areas, containing labeled
pictorial buttons, instead of the usual Macintosh desktop.

m Your computer may have started up from a CD-ROM disc containing
At Ease, an alternative to the Macintosh desktop. You need to have the
Macintosh desktop on your screen before you can use any of the software
installation instructions in this manual.
To return to the Macintosh desktop, choose Shut Down from the Special
menu. When your computer is off, restart the computer, then press the
Open/Close button of your CD-ROM drive to open the tray. Remove the
CD-ROM disc. Close the tray. Then start up your computer again.
To avoid having the computer start up from a CD-ROM disc, remember to
remove any disc in the drive before you shut down your computer.
You can’t eject a floppy disk.

For instructions on ejecting any disk (a floppy disk, a CD-ROM disc, or a
removable media disk), see the “Disks” topic area of Macintosh Guide (or
Mac OS Guide), available in the Guide (h) menu. If you can’t eject a floppy
disk in the usual way, by selecting the disk’s icon and choosing Put Away from
the File menu or by dragging the disk’s icon to the Trash, try the following
in order:
m Hold down the x and Shift keys and press the number 1 key on your
keyboard to eject a disk in the internal disk drive.
m Turn off the computer. If the disk isn’t ejected, then hold down the button on
your mouse or other pointing device while you turn the computer on again.
m Locate the small hole near the disk drive’s opening, and carefully insert the
end of a large straightened paper clip into it. Push gently until the disk is
ejected. Do not use excessive force.
Emergency ejection hole

If none of these solutions works, take the computer or disk drive to your
Apple-authorized service provider to have the disk removed.

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133

You can’t start an application program or it quits unexpectedly. Or, when you try to open
an application, you see a message that not enough memory is available.

One of the following is probably the cause:
m The computer ran out of memory.
Quit the programs that you have open and then open the program you want
to use, or restart your computer.
Use the Memory control panel to turn on virtual memory. For more
information on virtual memory, see the “Memory” topic area of Macintosh
Guide (or Mac OS Guide), available in the Guide (h) menu.
m The program needs more memory.
Use the program’s Info window to give it more memory. For more information
on increasing an application’s memory, see the “Memory” topic area of
Macintosh Guide (or Mac OS Guide), available in the Guide (h) menu.
m Sometimes incompatible system extensions or control panels can cause
software problems. Restart while holding down the Shift key to temporarily
turn off all system extensions.
If your program works normally after you do this, use the Extensions
Manager control panel (in the Control Panels folder, available in the Apple
[K] menu) to turn on individual extensions and control panels. Restart after
you turn on each extension. This procedure should identify incompatible
extensions and control panels. (If you just added new software to your
computer, its system extension is the most probable cause of the problem.)
For detailed instructions, see the information about managing system
extensions in the “Customizing Your Computer” topic area of Macintosh
Guide (or Mac OS Guide), available in the Guide (h) menu.
If your program performs better when a particular extension or control
panel is turned off, contact the software’s manufacturer for information or
an upgrade.

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A dialog box with a bomb appears.

There is a software problem.
m Write down what you were doing when the message appeared, and write
down the text of the message.
m Restart your computer. (See “Start Over by Restarting Your Computer” in
the section “If You Have Trouble” earlier in this chapter.) Most software
problems are temporary, and restarting usually corrects the problem.
m If the problem recurs, check the startup disk and application program you
were using when the dialog box appeared. Make sure that all programs,
desk accessories, and system extensions you’re using are compatible with
the system software (as described in the next paragraph). Reinstalling the
system software may correct the problem. See “Installing or Reinstalling
System Software” later in this chapter to reinstall system software on your
startup hard disk.
m Sometimes incompatible system extensions or control panels can cause
system software problems. Restart while holding down the Shift key; this
temporarily turns off all system extensions. If your computer works
normally after you do this, use the Extensions Manager control panel (in
the Control Panels folder, available in the Apple [K] menu) to turn on
extensions and control panels one at a time. Restart after you turn on each
extension. This procedure should identify incompatible extensions and
control panels. (If you just added new software to your computer, its
system extension is the most probable cause of the problem.) For detailed
instructions, see the information about managing system extensions in the
“Customizing Your Computer” topic area of Macintosh Guide (or Mac OS
Guide), available in the Guide (h) menu.
If your computer performs better when a particular extension or control
panel is turned off, contact the software’s manufacturer for information or
an upgrade.

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m If the problem recurs, you may need to reinstall system software. See
“Installing or Reinstalling System Software” later in this chapter to
reinstall system software on your startup hard disk.
m If the problem only occurs in one application, try reinstalling the
application from the original disks. If reinstalling doesn’t solve the
problem, contact the manufacturer of the application.
The pointer (8) doesn’t move when you move the mouse.

One of the following situations is probably the cause.
m There is a software problem. Try the following:
Press x-Option-Esc to quit the application program in use when the
problem occurred. If this works, you can save the documents open in other
programs before restarting.
Restart your computer. See “Start Over by Restarting Your Computer” in
the section “If You Have Trouble” earlier in this chapter for instructions.
m Follow the suggestions in the previous section,“A Dialog Box With a
Bomb Appears.”
m The mouse or keyboard is not connected properly.
IMPORTANT Do not connect or disconnect the mouse while the computer is
turned on. You may damage your computer.

Turn off the computer by pressing the Power key (marked with a π). Then
press the Return key to shut down the computer, If that doesn’t work, turn
off the computer by pressing the standby power button (®) on the back of
the computer. With the computer off, check that the mouse and keyboard
cables are connected properly. Then restart the computer.

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m Signals from the mouse are not reaching the computer, either because the
mouse needs cleaning or because there is something wrong with it.
Clean the mouse according to the instructions in Appendix A of this book.
If you have another mouse or pointing device, try connecting and using it.
(Turn the computer off before connecting it.) If the new device works, there
is probably something wrong with the mouse you replaced.
If none of these procedures solves the problem, consult the service and
support information that came with your computer for instructions on how to
contact an Apple-authorized service provider or Apple for assistance.
Typing on the keyboard produces nothing on the screen.

One of the following is probably the cause:
m You haven’t selected any text or set the insertion point (i).
Make sure the program you want to type in is the active program. Then
place the pointer (8) in the active window and click to set an insertion point
(i) or drag to select text (if you want to replace the text with your typing).
m If the computer beeps every time you press a key, Easy Access is probably
turned on. Open the Extensions Manager control panel in the Control
Panels folder in the Apple (K) menu. Click the checkmark next to Easy
Access to remove the checkmark and to turn off Easy Access. Then restart
your computer.
m The keyboard is not connected properly.
Turn off the computer by pressing the standby power button (®) at the
back of the computer. With the computer off, check that the keyboard cable
is connected properly at both ends. Then start up the computer again.
m Some system software features are turned on that affect the way the
keyboard works.
Open Easy Access from the control panels listed under the Apple (K)
menu and turn off Sticky Keys, Slow Keys, and Mouse Keys.

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m There is a software problem.
Restart your Macintosh. For instructions, see “Start Over by Restarting Your
Computer” in the section “If You Have Trouble” earlier in this chapter.
Check the startup disk and application program you were using when the
problem occurred. To check that the programs and the system extensions
you’re using are compatible with the system software, restart while holding
down the Shift key; this temporarily turns off all system extensions. If your
computer works normally after you do this, use the Extensions Manager
control panel to turn on extensions and control panels one at a time.
Restart after you turn on each extension. This procedure should identify
incompatible extensions and control panels that may be causing the
problem. (If you just added new software to your computer, its system
extension is the most probable cause of the problem.) For detailed
instructions, see the information about managing system extensions in the
“Customizing Your Computer” topic area of Macintosh Guide (or Mac OS
Guide), available in the Guide (h) menu.
If the problem recurs, you may need to reinstall system software. See
“Installing or Reinstalling System Software” later in this chapter to
reinstall system software on your startup hard disk..
m The keyboard is damaged.
If you have access to another keyboard, try using it instead. (Turn the
computer off before connecting it.) If the new keyboard works, there is
probably something wrong with the original keyboard.
If none of these procedures solves the problem, consult the service and
support information that came with your computer for instructions on how to
contact an Apple-authorized service provider or Apple for assistance.

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You can’t open a document, or you see a message that an application program can’t
be found.

m Some documents can be opened by more than one application program.
Try starting an application that you think might be able to open the
document. Then choose Open from the application’s File menu to try to
open the document.
m Purchase and install the correct software to use the document, or find out
if the creator of the document can convert it to a form that one of your
programs can use.
m Don’t try to open the files in your System Folder. Most of the files in your
System Folder are used by your computer for internal purposes and are not
intended to be opened.
m Rebuild your desktop. Follow the instructions in “Rebuild Your Desktop” in
the section “If You Have Trouble” earlier in this chapter.
m If the document is from a DOS computer, use the PC Exchange control
panel (in the Control Panels folder, available in the Apple [K] menu) to
specify which Macintosh program will open the document. For
information about working with DOS documents on your Macintosh,
see the information about DOS in Macintosh Guide (or Mac OS Guide),
available in the Guide (h) menu.
Your computer won’t restart, and a CD-ROM disc is in the CD-ROM drive.

m Your computer may be trying to start up from the CD-ROM disc. Press the
Open/Close button of your CD-ROM drive to open the tray, and remove
the CD-ROM disc. Close the tray, then restart your computer.

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You experience problems using a document from a DOS computer.

If you can’t open a DOS document using a Macintosh application, try the
following:
m Open the document from within the program by choosing Open in the
application’s File menu.
m Use the PC Exchange control panel (in the Control Panels folder, available
in the Apple [K] menu) to specify which Macintosh application will open
the document.
If a DOS document is displayed incorrectly, or you see strange codes or
characters in the document, try one of the following:
m Your application may have special procedures for opening and saving
documents with different file formats. See the information that came with
your application, or call the application’s publisher.
m Try opening the document in another application.
Note: Some characters that can be displayed on the Macintosh are not
accurately displayed on DOS computers.
For more information about working with DOS documents on your
Macintosh, see the information about using DOS in Macintosh Guide (or
Mac OS Guide), available in the Guide (h) menu.
You see a message that your application can’t be opened because a file can’t be found.

Macintosh applications designed specifically for the PowerPC microprocessor
(also called “native” applications) use special files called shared libraries. Any
necessary shared libraries should be installed automatically when you install
these special Macintosh applications.
Follow the directions that came with your application to reinstall the
application. If the shared library is still missing, contact the software
application’s manufacturer for assistance.

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You experience problems using an older Macintosh application.

Some older Macintosh applications are not completely compatible with
Macintosh computers that have the PowerPC microprocessor.
m Open the Memory control panel (in the Control Panels folder available in
the Apple [K] menu) and turn off Modern Memory Manager.
m If that doesn’t work, contact the application’s publisher to see if an upgrade
is available.
You plug headphones into your monitor, but still hear sound coming out of your
computer.

m Plug your headphones into the headphone jack (f) on the front of the
computer.
m If you want to keep the headphones connected to the monitor, manually
turn down the subwoofer. Turn the knob in the subwoofer balance control
port (Ï) counterclockwise to turn off the subwoofer volume. Remember to
turn it back up the next time you want to hear the subwoofer.
You’re listening through headphones, but the sound is odd.

You may have
3D Surround Sound turned on. To turn it off, open
the Monitors & Sound control panel, which can be found in the Apple (K)
menu, and click the Sound icon. Then click the checkbox to remove the
checkmark next to “Enabled.” 3D Surround Sound doesn’t work well
through headphones.
The subwoofer balance control (Ï) on the back of your computer is not affecting
the volume.

The subwoofer balance control affects the subwoofer volume only when there
are external speakers plugged into the jack on the back of the computer, or
the computer’s monitor has built-in speakers. Otherwise, the subwoofer
balance control (Ï) has no effect on your computer’s overall volume. Adjust
your computer’s volume with the sound controls on the front of the computer
or monitor, with the volume control sliders in the Monitors & Sound control
panel (in the Apple [K] menu), or with the volume controls in AppleCD
Audio Player (if you’re listening to an audio CD).

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You can’t record sound using an external microphone or the microphone built in to
your monitor.

m Any time you want to record sound using an external microphone, you
need to make sure your sound input source is set to “External
Microphone.” Open the Monitors & Sound control panel in the Control
Panels folder, available in the Apple (K) menu, click the Sound icon, and
choose “External Microphone” from the Sound Input pop-up menu.
m If you’re using your monitor’s built-in microphone to record, use the
Monitors & Sound control panel to make the monitor’s speakers mute. In
the same control panel, make sure that the sound input is set to the
monitor’s built-in microphone.
For additional help, see the “Sound” topic area of Macintosh Guide (or
Mac OS Guide), available in the Guide (h) menu in the upper-right corner of
your screen.
Your screen displays a right-angle-bracket prompt (>).

If you inadvertently press the x key and the Power key (marked with a π) at
the same time, you may see a right-angle-bracket prompt (>) on your screen.
To return to the Macintosh desktop, type the letter G and press Return.

Solutions to CD-ROM problems
Problems using the optional CD-ROM drive
The CD-ROM drive icon does not appear on the screen.

m If you have SCSI devices (anything connected to the SCSI port [g])
attached to your computer, make sure that each device has a unique
SCSI ID number (your CD-ROM drive has SCSI ID 3). Refer to the
documentation that came with your SCSI devices if you need to reset
SCSI ID numbers.
m If you reinstalled the CD-ROM software, make sure to restart your
computer afterward.

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m Make sure that the Apple CD-ROM extension is turned on in the
Extensions Manager control panel. Open the Extensions Manager control
panel in the Control Panels folder, available in the Apple (K) menu. Click
to put a checkmark next to “Apple CD-ROM.” Then restart your computer.
m If you installed a CD-ROM drive after you bought your computer, make
sure the CD-ROM software that came with the drive is installed. See the
manual that came with the CD-ROM drive for software installation
instructions. (The CD-ROM software is already installed on Macintosh
computers that come with CD-ROM drives.)
You’ve just ejected a CD, but the computer keeps asking you to reinsert it.

m The right way to eject a CD-ROM disc is either to select the CD-ROM disc
and choose Put Away from the File menu or to drag the CD-ROM disc’s
icon to the trash. If you select the CD-ROM disc and choose Eject Disk
from the Special menu, the computer keeps the CD-ROM disc in its
memory and continually asks you to reinsert it. Reinsert the CD-ROM
disc, then drag its icon to the Trash. (You won’t lose information on the
CD-ROM disc by dragging its icon to the Trash.)
Your computer starts up and you see large folder-shaped areas, containing labeled
pictorial buttons, instead of the usual Macintosh desktop.

m Your computer may have started up from a CD-ROM disc containing
At Ease, an alternative to the Macintosh desktop. You need to have the
Macintosh desktop on your screen before you can use any of the software
installation instructions in this manual.
To return to the Macintosh desktop, choose Shut Down from the Special
menu. After your computer has shut down, restart it. Then press the
Open/Close button of your CD-ROM drive to open the tray. Remove the
CD-ROM disc, close the tray, and start up your computer again.
To avoid having the computer start up from a CD-ROM disc, remember to
remove any disc in the drive before you shut down your computer.

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The tray of your CD-ROM drive won’t open.

If a CD-ROM disc icon appears on your screen, use one of these methods:
m Select the disc icon on your screen and drag the icon to the Trash. You won’t
lose information on the CD-ROM disc by dragging its icon to the Trash.
m Select the disc icon and choose the Put Away command in the File menu.
m If the AppleCD Audio Player window is active, choose Eject CD from the
File menu, or simultaneously press the x and E keys. (AppleCD Audio
Player is an application that allows you to play audio CDs and control your
CD-ROM drive; it’s available in the Apple [K] menu.)
If you see a message that a disc can’t be put away because it is being
shared, turn off file sharing. Then try again to put away the disc.
If no CD-ROM disc icon appears on your screen, do this:
m Press the Open/Close button of your CD-ROM drive.
m If the tray still doesn’t open, turn off your computer, then do the following:
Locate the small pinhole to the lower right of the CD-ROM tray opening.
Insert the end of a large straightened paper clip firmly and horizontally
into the pinhole and push gently until the tray is released. Then carefully
pull the tray open. Do not force the tray open; wait until the paper clip has
released it or you may break the front of the tray.
WARNING Turn off your computer before you attempt to eject the tray

using a paper clip. If you don’t, you may damage the CD-ROM drive.
If neither of these suggestions works, your CD-ROM drive may be damaged.
Contact an Apple-authorized service provider or Apple for further assistance.
Your computer won’t restart, and a CD-ROM disc is in the CD-ROM drive.

m When a CD-ROM disc is mounted (there is a disc in the drive and its icon
appears on your desktop), you must eject it by dragging its icon to the
Trash or clicking its icon and choosing Put Away from the File menu.

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Problems using CD-ROM discs
You insert a CD-ROM disc, but its icon doesn’t appear on the Macintosh desktop.

m Make sure that the disc label is facing up and the disc is centered in the
tray. If you are using a small (8 cm) disc, make sure your computer is as
level as possible and the disc is centered within the inside ring on the tray.
m Make sure the tray is closed all the way.
m Try restarting your computer.
m Try starting your computer from the CD-ROM disc that contains system
software while holding down the C key. (See the section “Starting Up From
a CD-ROM Disc” later in this chapter). If only the hard disk icon appears
on the desktop, then there may be a hardware problem with your CD-ROM
drive. If the CD-ROM disc icon appears above the hard disk icon, reinstall
your CD-ROM software. The easiest way to do this is by reinstalling your
system software following the instructions later in this chapter, “Installing
or Reinstalling System Software.”
CD-ROM software is already installed on Macintosh computers that come
with CD-ROM drives. You can reinstall it by reinstalling your system
software, following the instructions later in this chapter, “Installing or
Reinstalling System Software.”
m Make sure that the Apple CD-ROM extension is turned on in the
Extensions Manager control panel. Open the Extensions Manager control
panel in the Control Panels folder, available in the Apple (K) menu. Click
to put a checkmark next to “Apple CD-ROM,” then restart your computer.
m If you installed the CD-ROM drive after you bought your computer, make
sure the CD-ROM software is installed. Refer to the documentation that
came with the CD-ROM drive. (The CD-ROM software is already installed
on Macintosh computers that come with CD-ROM drives.)
m If file sharing is on and you are having trouble ejecting a disc, turn file
sharing off in the Sharing Setup control panel in the Control Panels folder,
available through the Apple (K) menu.

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Your computer displays the message “This is not a Macintosh disk: Do you want to
initialize it?” when you insert a CD-ROM disc in the CD-ROM drive.

m Make sure that the Foreign File Access and Audio CD Access CD-ROM
extensions are installed and turned on. You can find them in your
Extensions folder in the System Folder on your hard disk. If they are not
turned on, use the Extensions Manager control panel in the Control Panels
folder, available in the Apple (K) menu to turn them on. (Click to put
checkmarks beside them.) Then restart your computer.
m Make sure the CD-ROM software is installed. (The CD-ROM software is
already installed on Macintosh computers that come with CD-ROM drives.)
If you installed a CD-ROM drive after buying your computer, see the
manual that came with the drive.
m The disc may use a format that the computer cannot recognize. Ask the
disc’s manufacturer for a disc that a Macintosh can recognize.
Your computer unexpectedly ejects a CD-ROM disc without giving you any error message.

m Make sure the disc is flat in the tray and the disc label is facing up.
IMPORTANT If you’re using a small (8 cm) disc, make sure it’s centered

within the tray’s inner ring and the computer is absolutely level. An
improperly seated small disc in your computer may result in damage to
the disc, the CD-ROM drive, or both.
m The disc may need to be cleaned. (See “Handling CD-ROM Discs” in the
section “Handling Your Computer Equipment” in Appendix A.) If there are
visible scratches on the shiny side of the disc, you may be able to remove
them with a CD-ROM disc polishing kit (available from your audio CD
dealer). If the scratches can’t be removed, you need to replace the disc.
m The disc may be damaged. Try another disc in the drive, and try the
original disc in another drive. If the original drive reads other discs or if
the original disc also doesn’t work in another drive, the disc is probably
damaged. You need to replace it.

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You can’t open a document on a CD-ROM disc.

m Try opening the application program first; then open the document.
m Read the manual that came with your CD-ROM disc. Some discs come with
software that you need to install on your computer’s hard disk before using
the CD-ROM disc.
You can’t save changes you make to information on a CD-ROM disc.

m A CD-ROM disc is a read-only medium. This means that information can
be read (retrieved) from it, but not written (stored) on it. You can save the
changed information on a hard disk or floppy disk.

Problems using ISO 9660 or High Sierra discs
You cannot access files on a CD-ROM disc that uses the ISO 9660 or High Sierra format.

m Discs in the ISO 9660 and High Sierra disc formats have version numbers
attached to file names. Some application programs need these version
numbers in order to work with files. To make the version numbers
available to applications on your computer, follow these instructions.
Drag the CD-ROM disc icon to the Trash. When the tray opens, hold down
the Option key while you push the tray back in. Continue to hold down the
Option key until the disc icon reappears on the screen, then release the
Option key. The application you are using should now be able to locate file
names on that CD-ROM disc.
m Make sure that Foreign File Access, ISO 9660 File Access, and High Sierra
File Access are present in the Extensions folder in your System Folder on
your hard disk.

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Problems playing audio CDs
You don’t hear any sound when you play an audio CD using the AppleCD Audio Player.

m If you have headphones or speakers connected to the computer, adjust the
connectors to make sure they are firmly connected. Make sure the volume
control on your headphones or speakers is not turned down too low.
m If you do not have headphones or speakers connected to the computer,
make sure that nothing else is plugged into the sound output port (-) on
the back of your computer.
m If you are trying to play an audio CD over a network, you won’t be able to
hear it. Play audio CDs in your computer’s CD-ROM drive.
m Make sure the volume is turned up in the AppleCD Audio Player. With the
Audio Player open, drag the volume control slider up, use the volume
controls on your computer, or press the Up arrow key on your keyboard.
m The CD may have been paused. Click the Play/Pause button in the
AppleCD Audio Player once or twice.
m If your CD-ROM drive was installed after you bought your computer, make
sure the audio cable is properly connected. See the documentation that
came with the CD-ROM drive.
While playing an audio track on a CD-ROM disc that combines audio tracks and data,
you double-click the disc icon and the audio track stops playing.

m You can’t open data files on a CD-ROM disc and listen to audio tracks on
that disc at the same time.
You are unable to record sound from an audio CD.

m Check your computer’s sound input port to see if a microphone or other
device is connected.
m You may need to reset the sound options in the Monitors & Sound control
panel. Refer to the “Sound” topic area of Macintosh Guide (or Mac OS
Guide), available in the Guide (h) menu.
You insert an audio CD-ROM disc and it begins playing immediately.

m Your computer is set to automatically begin playing audio CDs when they
are inserted. To turn off this feature, use the QuickTime Settings control panel
available under the Apple [K] menu to change the automatic play setting.

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Problems using Photo CDs
You insert a Photo CD disc, but its icon doesn’t appear on the desktop.

m Reinstall the CD-ROM and QuickTime software. The easiest way to do
this is by reinstalling your system software, following the instructions later
in this chapter in “Installing or Reinstalling System Software.”
Your computer does not display color icons for individual images on a Photo CD.

m Your computer may be low on memory. To view color icons, restart your
computer and then reopen the Photos folder. See the “Memory” topic area
of Macintosh Guide (or Mac OS Guide), available in the Guide (h) menu,
for more information on managing memory.
After you open an image file on a Photo CD, the image is scrambled, colors are displayed
incorrectly, or no image appears in the window.

m The application you are using may not be designed to work with large
(high-resolution) image files. You can open the image with another
application or you can assign more memory to the application. (See the
“Memory” topic area of Macintosh Guide [or Mac OS Guide], available in
the Guide [h] menu, for more information on managing memory.)
After you open an image on a Photo CD, your system is “frozen” and does not respond
to any input, or you have a “bomb” message on your screen.

m Restart your computer. (If you need help restarting your computer, see
“Start Over by Restarting Your Computer” in the section “If You Have
Trouble” at the beginning of this chapter.) The application you are using
may not be designed to work with large (high-resolution) image files. You
can open the image with another application or you can assign more
memory to the application. See the “Memory” topic area of Macintosh
Guide (or Mac OS Guide), available in the Guide (h) menu, for more
information on managing memory.

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If your computer’s performance decreases
If you notice a decrease in your computer’s speed and general performance
after you install special software (a control panel, system extension, or custom
utility), it may be because the software is not compatible with Macintosh
computers built with the PowerPC microprocessor.
m To find out if a system extension or control panel is the problem, hold
down the Shift key while you restart the computer. This temporarily turns
off control panels and extensions. If the computer performs better without
these software items, one of them is likely to be the problem. (If you just
added new software, its system extension, control panel, or custom utility is
potentially the cause of the problem.)
To find out which software is the problem, use the Extensions Manager
control panel (in the Control Panels folder, available in the Apple [K]
menu) to turn off a system extension or set of extensions and then restart
your computer. (If you just added new software to your computer, its
system extension is the most probable cause of the problem.) For detailed
instructions, see the information about managing system extensions in the
“Customizing Your Computer” topic area of Macintosh Guide (or Mac OS
Guide), available in the Guide (h) menu. If the computer performs better
when an extension is turned off, contact the extension’s manufacturer for
information or an upgrade.
m Use the Memory control panel to turn off virtual memory. For more
information on virtual memory, see the “Memory” topic area of Macintosh
Guide (or Mac OS Guide), available in the Guide (h) menu.
If you still do not notice an improvement, you may want to reinstall system
software on your startup hard disk. See the instructions later in this chapter in
“Installing or Reinstalling System Software.”
If you typically use several application programs at the same time, your
computer’s performance will increase if you install more RAM (randomaccess memory). See Appendix B, “Installing Expansion Cards or Additional
Memory.”

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Troubleshooting 3D acceleration
The performance advantage of any 3D accelerator varies depending on the
type of scene being rendered. You may find that some applications show the
benefits of acceleration more than others.
3D rendering does not appear to be accelerated.

Check the following items:
m Make sure that your monitor resolution is set to 640 x 480 at 16 bit
(thousands of colors). Refer to the Technical Information booklet for modes
that support 3D acceleration. (Note: 3D acceleration is not enabled in 8-bit
[256 color] mode.
m Make sure that your application uses QuickDraw 3D. Some older 3D
applications don’t use QuickDraw 3D for rendering, and cannot be
accelerated.
m If the control strip is overlapping or touching the 3D window, hide the
control strip or move the window.
m Some applications allow you to turn hardware acceleration on or off. Check
your application’s documentation to be sure that hardware acceleration is
turned on.
m Check that the following files are in the Extensions folder, which is in the
System Folder:
m ATI 3D Accelerator
m ATI Graphics Accelerator
m ATI Video Memory Manager
Your 3D application appears to have performance problems.

m Turn off virtual memory.
Apple Computer recommends turning off virtual memory whenever you use
3D applications.

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When you try to start an application that uses QuickDraw 3D you get the message, “The
application ‘application name’ could not be launched because QuickDraw 3D could not
be found.”

m Make sure that the following files are in the Extensions folder, inside the
System Folder:
m QuickDraw 3D
m QuickDraw 3D RAVE
m QuickDraw 3D Viewer
m QuickDraw 3D IR
If the files are there and you still get the message, it means that you don’t have
enough memory to run the application. You may be able to open the
application if you try one or more of the following:
m Quit other open applications.
m Reduce the amount of memory allocated to the application. Follow these
steps:
1

Select the application’s icon in the Finder.

Choose Get Info from the File menu.

Type a lower number in the boxes for Minimum Size and Preferred Size.

m Install more memory (RAM).

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Solving printer problems
The following suggestions should work for all printers. (Note: Also refer to
the manual that came with the printer.)
m Make sure that the printer driver for your printer is turned on in the
Extensions Manager control panel (in the Control Panels folder, available
in the Apple [K] menu). To find out the name of the printer driver—for
example, LaserWriter—refer to the documentation that came with your
printer. The printer driver should appear in the Extensions list and have a
checkmark beside it. (Click to put a checkmark beside it, and then restart
your computer.)
m Check your printer settings in the Chooser (available in the Apple [K]
menu), making sure you have selected the correct printer. If you are using a
printer that is shared by other computer users (a printer on a local
network), make sure that AppleTalk (in the lower-right corner of the
Chooser) is active. If you are using your own printer (a serial printer
connected to your computer), make sure that AppleTalk is inactive.
m Turn off the computer and printer and check the printer cable connections.
m If none of these suggestions solves the problem, you may need to reinstall
the printer driver that came with your printer. Refer to the manual that
came with your printer.
Note: If you have an Apple printer, you need to determine which printer
driver to reinstall—the one that came on a floppy disk with your printer or
the driver that comes on the system software CD-ROM disc (both drivers
must have identical names). You should install the driver that has the most
recent date. You can see the date of a driver file by inserting its disk and
choosing to view its contents by Name (select “by Name” from the View
menu). To install the printer driver from the CD-ROM disc, drag it to the
System Folder on your hard disk and then click OK. To install the printer
driver that came on a floppy disk with your printer, refer to the manuals that
came with the printer for instructions.

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Starting up from a CD-ROM disc
To initialize, test, or repair a hard disk, or to install system software on a hard
disk, you need to start up your computer from the CD-ROM disc containing
system software that came with the computer.
To start up the computer using the CD-ROM disc, either use a control panel
to set the CD-ROM drive as your startup drive, or follow these steps:
1

Turn your computer on.

Immediately press the Open/Close button on your CD-ROM drive, quickly insert the
CD-ROM disc containing system software into the drive, and close the tray.

Immediately press the C key on your keyboard.

Continue to hold down the key until you see the “Welcome to Macintosh”
message.
If a blinking question mark appears, or if the computer starts up from your
hard disk: You did not insert the CD-ROM disc into the drive quickly enough
for the computer to recognize it as a startup disk. Follow these steps:
1

Shut down your computer.

The CD-ROM disc will remain in the CD-ROM drive.
2

Turn the computer on.

Immediately press the C key on the keyboard.

Continue to hold down the key until you see the “Welcome to Macintosh”
message.

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Starting up from a floppy disk
To initialize, test, or repair a hard disk, or to install system software on a
hard disk, you need to start up your computer from another disk. Usually, you
start up using the built-in CD-ROM drive (if you have one). However, if you
can’t use the CD-ROM drive for some reason, you can also start up the
computer from the floppy drive using the Disk Tools floppy disk. (Note that
the Disk Tools floppy disk is created from files that are on the CD-ROM disc
that contains system software—if you cannot use your CD-ROM drive, you’ll
need to find another Macintosh with a CD-ROM drive that you can use.)
Disk Tools is available as a disk image file on the CD-ROM disc that contains
system software. (A disk image file is a file that contains a compressed
version of a floppy disk’s contents.) To create a Disk Tools floppy disk, insert
the CD-ROM disc that contains system software and a floppy disk, then
double-click the Disk Tools disk image file on the CD-ROM disc. This
launches an application called Disk Copy that carries out the process of
creating the floppy disk from the disk image file. Refer to the Disk Copy Read
Me file for more information about using Disk Copy.
To start up your computer using a floppy disk, follow these steps:
1

Shut down or turn off your computer.

Insert the Disk Tools floppy disk into the disk drive.

Restart or turn on the computer.

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Testing and repairing a damaged disk
If you see a message reporting that a disk is damaged or unreadable, you may
need to repair the disk.

Try these suggestions first
If you can’t start up from a hard disk or you don’t see the hard disk icon on the
desktop, try the following:
m If the hard disk is internal, shut down your Macintosh, wait at least
10 seconds, and then turn it on again.
m If the hard disk is external, make sure that it is turned on and that its cable
is connected firmly; then restart the Macintosh.
m If the hard disk is your startup disk and neither of the two previous
suggestions help, start up with a different startup disk. (See the previous
section, “Starting Up From a CD-ROM Disc.”)
If, after you start up from a different disk, your hard disk’s icon appears on
your desktop, reinstall system software on the hard disk. (See the
instructions later in this chapter in “Installing or Reinstalling System
Software.”)
m Check the ID numbers of all SCSI equipment (anything connected to
the SCSI port [g]) on your computer. Each device must have a unique
ID number. The computer itself (the main logic board inside it) has
the ID number 7, the internal CD-ROM drive (if you have one) has the ID
number 3, and the optional internal Zip drive has the ID number 5. The ID
numbers 0, 1, 2, 4, and 6 are available for additional SCSI devices.
Also check that the chain of devices is terminated properly. For
information on setting SCSI ID numbers and terminating a SCSI chain,
see both the manuals that came with your SCSI equipment and Chapter 3
of this manual.
m If none of these suggestions solves the problem, test the disk by following
the instructions given in “Checking for Damage on Your Hard Disk,” next.

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Checking for damage on your hard disk
You can test a hard disk for damage with the Drive Setup application, which is
on the CD-ROM disc that contains system software, and came with your
computer.
1

Start up your computer from the CD-ROM disc that contains system software.

See “Starting Up From a CD-ROM Disc” earlier in this chapter.
2

Double-click the Drive Setup icon.

You may need to look in a folder called Disk Tools to find Drive Setup.

In the List of Drives, click the disk you want to test.

From the Functions menu, choose Test Disk.

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When a message tells you that the testing is complete, click Quit.

If the test reveals a problem, you may be able to correct it by using Disk First
Aid or another disk repair application (see the instructions that are next in
this section), or you may need to reinitialize the disk (see “Initializing a Hard
Disk” later in this chapter). Consult an Apple-authorized service provider for
assistance if necessary. If you had a hard disk from another manufacturer
installed after you bought your computer, use the software that came with the
disk or contact the disk manufacturer to get the latest version of software.

How to repair a hard disk or floppy disk
You can repair some types of disk damage by using the Disk First Aid
application, which is on the CD-ROM disc that contains system software, that
came with your computer.
1

Start up your computer from the CD-ROM disc that contains system software.

See “Starting Up From a CD-ROM Disc” earlier in this chapter.
2

Double-click the Disk First Aid icon.

You may need to look in a folder called Disk Tools to find Disk First Aid.

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Click the icon of the disk you want to test.

Disk icons appear in a box at the top of the Disk First Aid window.

Click Repair to begin testing and repairing the disk.

You can’t repair the startup disk or the disk that contains the Disk First Aid
application, but you can test these disks by clicking Verify. If the application
reveals a problem with either of these disks, start up the computer from
another disk so that you can repair the damaged disk.
If you want to test and repair another disk, click its icon and then
click Repair.
5

When testing and repair are done, choose Quit from the File menu.

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159

If Disk First Aid cannot correct the problem
m Try repairing the disk again. Sometimes repeating the process corrects
the problem.
m Use another disk repair or recovery application. Some disk repair
applications let you recover information from a damaged disk.
m Consult an Apple-authorized service provider for help.
m If you can’t repair the disk, you’ll need to reinitialize it, which erases all
the information on it. Before you reinitialize, be sure you recover all the
information you can and back it up. Then erase (reinitialize) the disk. For
instructions on reinitializing a floppy disk (that is, preparing it for use), see
the “Disks” topic area of Macintosh Guide (or Mac OS Guide), available in
the Guide (h) menu. For instructions on reinitializing a hard disk, see the
next section, “Initializing a Hard Disk.”
If initialization doesn’t work, discard the damaged disk (if it’s a floppy disk)
or take it to your Apple-authorized service provider for repair (if it’s a hard
disk). Bring the CD-ROM disc that contains system software which you
received with your computer, with you to the service provider.

Initializing a hard disk
The hard disk inside your computer was initialized (formatted for use) at the
factory, so you shouldn’t need to initialize it. You need to initialize a hard disk
only if one of the following is true:
m You purchase an uninitialized hard disk from another manufacturer.
m Your hard disk is damaged and can’t be repaired.
If a hard disk needs to be initialized, its icon does not appear on the desktop
when you start up the computer using another disk.
You initialize your internal hard disk using an application called Drive Setup,
which is on the CD-ROM disc that contains system software and came with
your computer.

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WARNING Initializing a disk erases any information that may be on it.

Before you initialize a damaged disk, try to repair it as described in
“Repairing a Damaged Disk” earlier in this chapter.
1

Start up your computer from the CD-ROM disc that contains system software.

See “Starting Up From a CD-ROM Disc” or “Starting Up From a Floppy
Disk” earlier in this section.
2

Double-click the Drive Setup icon.

You may need to look in a folder called Disk Tools to find Drive Setup.

In the List of Drives, click the disk you want to initialize.

To initialize a disk, you click it to select it...

...then click Initialize.

Click Initialize to initialize the hard disk.

Click Quit when you see a message reporting that initialization was successful.

If a message reports that initialization failed, try again. If initialization fails
a second time, take the disk to your Apple-authorized service provider
for repair.

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Installing or reinstalling system software
System software is the set of applications and other files that your computer
uses to start itself up, keep track of your files, and run the application
applications you use. System software is kept in the System Folder. When
you turn on your computer, it looks for a startup disk, which is a disk that
contains the system software. The startup disk is usually the hard disk that’s
inside your computer, though another hard disk, a floppy disk, or a compact
disc (CD) can also be a startup disk.
The accessory kit that came with your Macintosh provides system software on
either a set of floppy disks or a CD-ROM disc. You can use the floppy disks
or the CD-ROM disc to install the system software on your Macintosh if you
need to do so.

When should you install system software?
Your computer came with all the necessary system software installed on its
internal hard disk. You don’t need to install system software on that disk
unless you encounter software problems.
If you have a new hard disk or a newly initialized hard disk that doesn’t
contain system software, or if you want to upgrade to a more recent version of
system software on a hard disk, you need to install system software. Follow
the instructions in “Installing System Software” later in this section.

When should you reinstall system software?
If you have a problem with your system software, you may see this icon in the
middle of the screen:

If this icon appears, follow the instructions in “How to Repair a Hard Disk or
Floppy Disk” earlier in this chapter to test your startup hard disk and repair
any damage.
If repairing the disk doesn’t help, follow the instructions in “Installing System
Software,” next, to reinstall system software on your startup hard disk.

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Installing system software
Follow the steps in this section to do what is commonly called a “normal”
installation of system software.
If you’re installing system software on a hard disk for the first time, make sure
that your hard disk has been initialized, a process that prepares the disk to
store information. If you see the hard disk’s icon on the desktop when you
start up the computer, the disk has been initialized. If no hard disk icon
appears when you start up, see “Initializing a Hard Disk” earlier in this
chapter for instructions on doing that.
To do a normal installation, follow these steps:
1

Start up your computer from the CD-ROM disc that contains system software (or from
the Disk Tools disk, if your computer does not have a CD-ROM drive).

See “Starting Up From a CD-ROM Disc” or “Starting Up From a Floppy
Disk” earlier in this chapter.
2

Find and open the Disk First Aid icon.

You may need to look in a folder called Disk Tools to find Disk First Aid.

After Disk First Aid starts, follow the instructions on the screen. Disk First
Aid checks your hard disk for any problems.
3

When Disk First Aid has finished checking your hard disk, choose Quit from the
File menu.

Open the Drive Setup application.

You use the Drive Setup application to update your hard disk.
5

In the list of drives, click your startup disk.

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163

Choose Update Driver from the Functions menu.

When the update process is finished, quit Drive Setup.

Shut down your computer.

Start up your computer from the CD-ROM disc that contains system software (or from
the Disk Tools disk, if your computer does not have a CD-ROM drive).

See “Starting Up From a CD-ROM Disc” or “Starting Up From a Floppy
Disk” earlier in this chapter.
The Installer’s Welcome screen appears. You may have to double-click the
System Software Installer icon to open the Installer application.
10

Click Continue.

The Easy Install dialog box appears.

Make sure that the hard disk named in the box is the one on which you want to install
system software.

If it isn’t, click Switch Disk until the correct disk name appears.

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Click Install.

Follow the instructions that appear on the screen.

If you’re installing system software from floppy disks, you see messages
asking you to insert different disks.
14

When you see a message reporting that the installation was successful, click Restart.

If a message reports that installation was not successful, try installing again.
(Follow the instructions on the screen.)
IMPORTANT If your computer has an internal Zip drive, you must also install

the Zip drive software from the system software CD-ROM disc. It is not
installed by the main System Software Installer.
If, after reinstalling system software by doing a normal installation, you still
experience problems with your computer, follow the steps in the next section
for doing a “clean” installation of system software.
IMPORTANT Certain system extensions or application programs that were

originally on your hard disk may not be installed with the Installer
application. If you notice that a certain extension or application was not
installed, install it separately by dragging it to your hard disk. You can find
these additional extensions and applications on the CD-ROM disc that
contains system software. (System extensions or application programs from
other manufacturers can be reinstalled from their installation disks.) If you
don’t have a CD-ROM drive, see the service and support information that
came with your computer for information on how to contact Apple directly
for assistance.

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165

Doing a clean installation of system software
This section outlines what is commonly called a “clean” installation of system
software. A clean installation allows you to discover which item in your
System Folder is causing a problem. A clean installation creates a brand new
System Folder and saves everything in your original System Folder in a
different location. You can then follow the instructions in “Replacing Your
Special Software” later in this section to reinstall system extensions, control
panels, and other special software one at a time from the old System Folder to
the new System Folder. This procedure allows you to determine which item
in the old System Folder was the source of the problem.
Do a clean installation if you can’t determine what is damaged in your System
Folder (especially if you think any special software, such as control panels,
system extensions, or custom utilities, may be causing the problems you’re
experiencing). You should also do a clean installation if you’re still having
problems with your computer after you’ve reinstalled system software by
doing a normal installation.
To do a clean installation, follow these steps:
1

Start up your computer from the CD-ROM disc that contains system software .

See “Starting Up From a CD-ROM Disc” earlier in this chapter.
2

Find and open the Disk First Aid icon.

You may need to look in a folder called Disk Tools to find Disk First Aid.

After Disk First Aid starts, follow the instructions on the screen. Disk First
Aid checks your hard disk for any problems.
3

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Chapter 9

When Disk First Aid has finished checking your hard disk, choose Quit from the
File menu.

Open the Drive Setup icon.

You use the Drive Setup application to update your hard disk.
5

In the list of drives, click your startup disk.

Choose Update Driver from the Functions menu.

When the update process is finished, quit Drive Setup.

Shut down your computer.

Start up your computer from the CD-ROM disc that contains system software.

See “Starting Up From a CD-ROM Disc” earlier in this chapter.
The Installer’s Welcome screen appears. You may have to double-click the
System Software Installer icon to open the Installer application.
10

Click Continue.

The Easy Install dialog box appears.

Make sure that the hard disk named in the Destination Disk box is the one on which you
want to install system software.

If it isn’t, click Switch Disk until the correct disk name appears.

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167

Hold down Shift–x–K to start the clean installation.

The following dialog box appears.

Click the Install New System Folder button and click OK.

The Easy Install dialog box appears. The Install button has changed to Clean
Install, and the contents of your old System Folder have been moved to a new
folder named Previous System Folder.
14

Click Clean Install.

Follow the instructions that appear on the screen.

It takes a few minutes to complete the installation.
16

When the installation is complete you see a message reporting that the installation
was successful.

If a Restart button appears, click it to restart your computer.
If a message reports that installation was not successful, try repeating the
clean installation procedure.
IMPORTANT Certain system extensions or application programs that were
originally on your hard disk may not be installed with the Installer
application. If you notice that a certain extension or application was not
installed, install it separately by dragging it to your hard disk. You can find
these additional extensions and applications on the CD-ROM disc or the set
of floppy disks that contains system software. (System extensions or
application programs from other manufacturers can be reinstalled from their
installation disks.) If you don’t have a CD-ROM drive, see the service and
support information that came with your computer for information on how to
contact Apple for assistance.

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Chapter 9

Reinstalling your special software
Special software consists of items such as control panels, system extensions,
custom utilities, fonts, or Apple menu items that you may have added to your
old System Folder. To make sure that special software does not create any
conflicts with other applications on your computer, follow this procedure to
safely add back these items in your new System Folder:
1

Copy any special software items from the Previous System Folder back to your System
Folder one item at a time, restarting the computer after copying each item.
IMPORTANT Be very careful not to replace (copy over) any of the files in the

System Folder with files from the Previous System Folder.
2

Check after each restart to make sure your computer is not having any
software problems.

If any of your special software items causes software problems, contact the
software manufacturer for assistance or an upgrade.

Doing a custom installation
For most Macintosh users, the Easy Install procedure described in the
previous sections is appropriate because it automatically installs all the items
you need. However, if you’d like to select a combination of system software
files for your specific needs, you can customize your system software
installation. You use custom installation to install or update one or more
specific files, or to save space on your hard disk by installing only the files
you want.
To install customized system software, follow these steps:
1

Start up your computer from the CD-ROM disc that contains system software.

See “Starting Up From a CD-ROM Disc” earlier in this chapter.

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169

Click OK.

The Easy Install dialog box appears.

Choose Custom Install from the pop-up menu at the upper-left corner of the dialog box.

The Custom Install dialog box appears, listing all available system software
components.

Scroll through the list of components, clicking the checkbox next to each component
you want to install.

To get additional information about each component listed, click the box with
the letter i in it to the right of the component.

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Chapter 9

Click Install.

Follow the instructions that appear on the screen.

When you see a message reporting that the installation was successful, click Quit.

If a message reports that installation was not successful, try installing again.
(Follow the instructions on the screen.)
8

Restart your Macintosh.

The system software is installed and your computer is ready to use. Don’t
forget to eject the CD-ROM disc containing system software when you are
finished.

Installing or reinstalling CD-ROM software
CD-ROM software is a set of applications and files that allows your CD-ROM
drive to work correctly with your computer and allows it to play different
kinds of CDs, such as Photo CDs or audio CDs. The CD-ROM software is
part of system software and was preinstalled for you on your computer’s hard
disk. (It is also available on the CD-ROM disc that came with your
Macintosh.)

When should you install or reinstall CD-ROM software?
You don’t need to install the CD-ROM software unless you encounter
problems. (See “Solutions to CD-ROM Problems” earlier in this chapter for
descriptions of the kinds of problems you might encounter.)

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171

Installing or reinstalling CD-ROM software
1

Start up your computer from the CD-ROM disc that contains system software

See “Starting Up From a CD-ROM Disc” earlier in this chapter.
The Installer’s Welcome screen may appear. If not, you may have to doubleclick the System Software Installer icon to open the Installer application.
2

Click OK.

The Easy Install dialog box appears.
3

Choose Custom Install from the pop-up menu.

The Custom Install dialog box appears, listing all available system software
components.

Select Multimedia Software by clicking the checkbox next to it.

To get additional information about each component listed, click the box with
the letter i in it to the right of the component.
5

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Chapter 9

Click Install.

Follow the instructions that appear on the screen.

When you see a message reporting that the installation was successful, click Quit.

If a message reports that installation was not successful, try installing again.
(Follow the instructions on the screen.)
8

Restart your Macintosh.

The CD-ROM software is reinstalled and your computer is ready to use. Don’t
forget to eject the CD-ROM disc containing system software when you are
finished.

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173

Appendix A

Health, Safety, and Maintenance Tips

Appendix B

Installing Expansion Cards or Additional Memory

Appendix C

Using the Optional Built-in Zip Drive

Appendix D

Special Keys on Your Keyboard

III
part

Read this appendix for important
health and safety instructions,
as well as tips on keeping your
computer in good working order.

Appendix A
Health, Safety, and Maintenance Tips

For your own safety and that of your equipment, follow all the instructions in
this chapter. Keep these instructions available for reference by you and others.

Health-related information about computer use
Muscle soreness, eye fatigue, and other discomforts and injuries sometimes
associated with using computers can occur from performing any number of
activities. In fact, misuse of the same muscles during multiple activities can
create a problem that might not otherwise exist. For example, if you engage
in nonwork activities that involve repetitive stress on the wrist—such as
bicycling—and also use your computer’s keyboard improperly, you may
increase your likelihood of developing wrist problems. Some individuals are
at greater risk of developing these problems because of their health,
physiology, lifestyle, and general exposure to stress. Work organization and
conditions, such as workstation setup and lighting, also play a part in your
overall health and comfort. Preventing health problems is a multifaceted task
that requires careful attention to the way you use your body every hour of
every day.
The most common health effects associated with using a computer are
musculoskeletal discomfort and eye fatigue. We’ll discuss each area of
concern below.

177

Musculoskeletal discomfort
As with any activity that involves sitting for long periods of time, using a
computer can make your muscles sore and stiff. To minimize these effects, set
up your work environment carefully, using the guidelines that follow, and take
frequent breaks to rest tired muscles. To make working with your computer
more comfortable, allow enough space in your work area so that you can
change position frequently and maintain a relaxed posture.
Another type of musculoskeletal concern is repetitive stress injuries (RSIs),
also known as cumulative trauma disorders (CTDs). These problems can
occur when a certain muscle or tendon is repeatedly overused and forced into
an unnatural position. The exact causes of RSIs are not totally understood, but
in addition to awkward posture, such factors as the amount of repetition, the
force used in the activity, the individual’s physiology, workplace stress level,
and lifestyle may affect the likelihood of experiencing an RSI.
RSIs did not suddenly arise when computers were invented; tennis elbow and
writer’s cramp, for example, are two RSIs that have been with us for a long
time. Although less common than other RSIs, one serious RSI discussed more
often today is a wrist problem called carpal tunnel syndrome, which may be
aggravated by improper use of computer keyboards. This nerve disorder
results from excessive pressure on the median nerve as it passes through the
wrist to the hand.
This section offers advice on setting up your work area to enhance your
comfort while you use your computer. Since the effects of repetitive
movements associated with using a computer can be compounded by those of
other work and leisure activities to produce or aggravate physical problems,
proper use of your computer system must be considered as just one element
of a healthy lifestyle.
No one, of course, can guarantee that you won’t have problems even when you
follow the most expert advice on using computer equipment. You should
always check with a qualified health specialist if muscle, joint, or eye
problems occur.

178

Appendix A

Eye fatigue
Eye fatigue can occur whenever the eyes are focused on a nearby object for a
long time. This problem occurs because the eye muscles must work harder to
view an object that’s closer than about 20 feet (6 meters). Improper lighting
can hasten the development of eye fatigue. Although eye fatigue is annoying,
there’s no evidence that it leads to permanent damage.
Whenever you’re engaged in an activity that involves close-up work—such as
reading a magazine, doing craft work, or using a computer—be sure to have
sufficient glare-free lighting and give your eyes frequent rest breaks by
looking up and focusing on distant objects. Remember to have your eyes
examined regularly.
To prevent discomfort and eye fatigue:
m Arrange your work space so that the furniture is properly adjusted for you
and doesn’t contribute to an awkward working posture.
m Take frequent short breaks to give your muscles and eyes a chance to rest.

Arranging your office
Here are some guidelines for adjusting the furniture in your office to
accommodate your physical size and shape.
m An adjustable chair that provides firm, comfortable support is best. Adjust
the height of the chair so your thighs are horizontal and your feet flat on
the floor.
The back of the chair should support your lower back (lumbar region).
Follow the manufacturer’s instructions for adjusting the backrest to fit your
body properly.

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179

m When you use the computer keyboard, your shoulders should be relaxed.
Your upper arm and forearm should form an approximate right angle, with
your wrist and hand in roughly a straight line.
You may have to raise your chair so your forearms and hands are at the
proper angle to the keyboard. If this makes it impossible to rest your feet
flat on the floor, you can use a footrest with adjustable height and tilt to
make up for any gap between the floor and your feet. Or you may lower
the desktop to eliminate the need for a footrest. Another option is to use a
desk with a keyboard tray that’s lower than the regular work surface.
m Position the mouse at the same height as your keyboard. Allow adequate
space to use the mouse comfortably.
m Arrange the monitor so the top of the screen is slightly below your eye
level when you’re sitting at the keyboard. The best distance from your eyes
to the screen is up to you, although most people seem to prefer 18 to
28 inches (45 to 70 cm).
m Position the computer to minimize glare and reflections on the screen from
overhead lights and windows.
45–70 cm (18–28 in.)

Shoulders relaxed
Forearms and hands
in a straight line
Forearms level
or tilted up slightly
Lower back supported

Top of the screen at or slightly
below eye level (You may need
to adjust the height of your
monitor by placing something
under it or by raising your
work surface.)
Screen positioned to avoid
reflected glare
Clearance under work surface

Thighs horizontal
Feet flat on the floor

180

Appendix A

Avoiding fatigue
m Change your seated position, stand up, or stretch whenever you start to feel
tired. Frequent short breaks are helpful in reducing fatigue.
m Use a light touch when typing or using a mouse and keep your hands and
fingers relaxed.
m Some computer users may develop discomfort in their hands, wrists, or
arms after intensive work without breaks. If you begin to develop chronic
pain or discomfort in your hands, wrists, or arms, consult a qualified
health specialist.
m Allow adequate workspace so that you can use your keyboard and mouse
comfortably. Place papers or other items so you can view them easily
while using your computer. A document stand may make reading papers
more comfortable.
m Eye muscles must work harder to focus on nearby objects. Occasionally
focus your eyes on a distant object, and blink often while you work.
m Clean your screen regularly. Keeping the screen clean helps reduce
unwanted reflections.

What about electromagnetic emissions?
There has been recent public discussion of the possible health effects of
prolonged exposure to extremely low frequency (ELF) and very low
frequency (VLF) electromagnetic fields. Such fields are associated with
electromagnetic sources such as television sets, electrical wiring, and some
household appliances—as well as computer monitors.
Apple has reviewed scientific reports and sought the counsel of government
regulatory agencies and respected health organizations. Based on the
prevailing evidence and opinions, Apple believes that the electric and
magnetic fields produced by computer monitors do not pose a health risk.
In response to those customers who wish to reduce their exposure to
electromagnetic fields, Apple has lowered the emission levels of our products.
We are also actively encouraging further scientific research so we can
continue to promote the health and safety of our customers and employees.

Health, Safety, and Maintenance Tips

181

Safety instructions
For your own safety and that of your equipment, always take the
following precautions.
Turn off the computer completely and disconnect the power plug (by pulling
the plug, not the cord) if any of the following conditions exist:
m the power cord or plug becomes frayed or otherwise damaged
m you spill something into the case
m your Macintosh is exposed to rain or any other excess moisture
m your Macintosh has been dropped or the case has been otherwise damaged
m you suspect that your Macintosh needs service or repair
m you want to clean the case (use only the recommended procedure
described later in this chapter)
Be sure that you always do the following:
m Keep your Macintosh away from sources of liquids, such as washbasins,
bathtubs, shower stalls, and so on.
m Protect your Macintosh from dampness or wet weather, such as rain, snow,
and so on.
m Read all the installation instructions carefully before you plug your
Macintosh into a wall socket.
m Keep these instructions handy for reference by you and others.
m Follow all instructions and warnings dealing with your system.
WARNING Electrical equipment may be hazardous if misused. Operation

of this product, or similar products, must always be supervised by an
adult. Do not allow children access to the interior of any electrical
product and do not permit them to handle any cables.

182

Appendix A

Handling your computer equipment
Follow these guidelines for handling your computer and its components:
m When setting up your computer, place components on a sturdy, flat surface,
and carefully follow all setup instructions.
m When connecting or disconnecting a cable, always hold the cable by its
connector (the plug, not the cord).
m Turn off your computer and all its components before connecting or
disconnecting any cables to add or remove any component. Failure to do so
could seriously damage your equipment.
m Never force a connector into a port. If the connector and port do not join
with reasonable ease, they probably don’t match. Make sure that the
connector matches the port and that you have positioned the connector
correctly in relation to the port.
m Take care not to spill any food or liquid on the computer, keyboard, mouse,
or other components. If you do, turn your computer off immediately and
unplug it before cleaning up the spill. Depending on what you spilled and
how much of it got into your equipment, you may have to bring your
equipment to an Apple-authorized service provider.
m Protect the computer and its components from direct sunlight and rain or
other moisture.
m Keep all ventilation openings clear and unobstructed. Without
proper air circulation, components can overheat, causing damage or
unreliable operation.
WARNING This equipment is intended to be electrically grounded.

Your Macintosh is equipped with a three-wire grounding plug—a plug
that has a third (grounding) pin. This plug will fit only a grounded AC
outlet. This is a safety feature. If you are unable to insert the plug
into the outlet, contact a licensed electrician to replace the outlet
with a properly grounded outlet. Do not defeat the purpose of the
grounding plug!

Health, Safety, and Maintenance Tips

183

Handling the monitor
Follow these procedures for handling the monitor:
m Turn down the screen brightness control if you leave the computer turned
on for extended periods. If the brightness is not turned down, the image on
the screen could “burn in” and damage the screen. (You can also use the
Energy Save control panel, available in Control Panels under the Apple [K]
menu to set computer sleep and energy-saving options.)
You can also use a “screen saver” program, which dims or varies the
image on the screen when the computer has been idle for a specified
period of time. These programs are available from independent suppliers
and user groups.
m Make sure the vents on the computer are clear and unobstructed.
m If there is interference on the monitor’s screen or on a television or radio
near your computer, move the affected equipment farther away.

Handling the keyboard
Take care not to spill any liquid on the keyboard. If you do, turn off your
computer immediately.
m If you spill liquid that is thin and clear, turn off your computer, unplug the
keyboard, turn it upside down to let the liquid drain out, and let it dry for
24 hours at room temperature. If, after you take these steps, the keyboard
doesn’t work, take it to your Apple-authorized service provider for repair.
m If you spill liquid that is greasy, sweet, or sticky, unplug the keyboard and
take it to your Apple-authorized service provider for repair.

184

Appendix A

Handling floppy disks
Store disks at
temperatures
between 50° F
and 125° F.

Do not use a
pencil or an
eraser on a disk
or disk label.

Keep disks dry.

125° F (52° C)

50° F (10° C)

Do not touch the
exposed part of the
disk behind the
metal shutter.

Keep disks away
from magnets.

Avoid exposing
disks to extremely
hot temperatures.

Handling CD-ROM discs
Keep these important safety instructions in mind as you use CD-ROM discs:
m Hold a disc by the edges or by one edge and the center hole. Do not touch
the disc surface.
m To clean discs, wipe the shiny surface with a soft damp cloth, working in
straight lines from center to edge. Do not use any form of cleaning agent.

Health, Safety, and Maintenance Tips

185

m To avoid damage to your discs, keep these points in mind:

Do not expose discs
to direct sunlight.

Do not write on
discs.

Do not spill liquids
on discs.

Do not put tape
on discs.

Do not scratch
discs.

Do not get
dust on discs.

Other important safety instructions to keep in mind as you use your
CD-ROM drive:
m Position your computer so that when the tray opens, it doesn’t bump
into anything.
m Do not leave the disc tray open. If dust gets on the lens of the CD-ROM
drive, the drive may have problems reading your compact discs.
m Do not put anything (for instance, a cup) on top of the tray when it is open.
m Do not force the tray open by hand.
m Do not wipe the lens with a paper towel or other abrasive surface. If you
need to clean the lens, see an Apple-authorized service provider for a
lens cleaner.
m Never transport your computer with a disc inside the CD-ROM drive.
m Keep your computer equipment away from any source of liquid (such as
wash basins, bathtubs, and shower stalls). If you drink coffee or other
beverages while you’re at your computer, take care not to spill.
m Avoid exposing your equipment to damp or wet weather. If your system is
near a window, be sure the window is closed in rainy weather.

186

Appendix A

Power supply
The power supply in your computer is a high-voltage component and
should not be opened for any reason, even when the computer is off. If
the power supply needs service, contact your Apple-authorized dealer or
service provider.
WARNING: To protect the power supply from damage, make sure the

voltage switch on the back of the computer is set correctly before you
plug the computer into a power outlet. Refer to Chapter 1 for
instructions on setting the voltage switch.

Cleaning your equipment
Follow these general rules when cleaning the outside of your computer and
its components:
m Use a damp, soft, lint-free cloth to clean the computer’s exterior. Avoid
getting moisture in any openings.
m Don’t use aerosol sprays, solvents, or abrasives.

Cleaning the computer case
To clean the case, do the following:
1

Turn off the computer completely and then disconnect the power cord. (Pull the plug, not
the cord.)

Wipe the surfaces lightly with a clean, soft cloth dampened with water.

Cleaning the monitor
To clean the screen, put household glass cleaner on a soft cloth and wipe
the screen. Don’t spray the cleaner directly on the screen, because the liquid
might drip into the monitor or computer.

Health, Safety, and Maintenance Tips

187

Cleaning the mouse
The mouse contains a small ball that must roll smoothly for the mouse to
work properly. You can keep this ball free of dirt and grease by using the
mouse on a clean, lint-free surface and cleaning it occasionally.
You need a few cotton swabs and a clean, soft, lint-free cloth.
1

Turn off your computer.

Turn the mouse upside-down and turn the plastic ring on the bottom counterclockwise
to disengage it.

If the mouse is locked, see the next section, “Locking and Unlocking the
Mouse,” for instructions on how to unlock it.
3

188

Appendix A

Turn the mouse right-side up with one hand and catch the ring and the ball with your
other hand.

Clean the three small rollers inside the mouse with a cotton swab moistened with water.

Rotate the rollers to clean all around them.

Wipe the mouse ball with a clean, soft, dry, and lint-free cloth.

If necessary, wash the mouse ball with warm soapy water (use a mild soap such as a
dishwashing liquid) and then dry the mouse ball thoroughly.

Gently blow into the mouse case to remove any dust that has collected there.

Put the ball and the ring back in place.

Your mouse should roll smoothly across your mouse pad or desk. If it doesn’t,
repeat these instructions carefully.

Locking and unlocking the mouse
Some mouse devices can be locked so that the ball can’t be removed. A
locking mouse has a small hole on the plastic ring.
To lock the mouse, follow these steps:
1

Insert a straightened paper clip into the hole on the plastic ring.
Insert a straightened paper clip into this hole.

(The hole may be located here on your mouse.)

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189

Press down on the paper clip while you turn the ring clockwise.

Turn the ring a very short distance, until it stops. When the recessed area on
the ring is not lined up with the recessed area surrounding the ring, the mouse
is locked.
Recessed area on ring

Recessed area surrounding ring

The mouse ring is locked when the recessed area on the ring
does not line up with the recessed area surrounding the ring.

To unlock the mouse, follow these steps:
1

Insert a straightened paper clip into the hole on the plastic ring.
Insert a straightened paper clip into this hole.

(The hole may be located here on your mouse.)

190

Appendix A

Press down on the paper clip while you turn the ring counterclockwise.

Turn the ring a very short distance. When the recessed area on the ring is
lined up with the recessed area surrounding the ring, the mouse is unlocked.
Recessed area on ring

Recessed area surrounding ring

The mouse ring is unlocked when the recessed area on the
ring lines up with the recessed area surrounding the ring.

Health, Safety, and Maintenance Tips

191

Read this appendix for instructions
on installing expansion cards or
additional memory in your computer.

Appendix B
Installing Expansion Cards or Additional Memory

This appendix provides information about expansion cards and memory
modules (including an optional High Performance Module, also known as a
level 2 cache) and explains how to install them.
Installing an expansion card or memory involves three procedures that are
described in this appendix:
m opening the computer
m inserting the expansion card or memory module into a specific slot
m closing the computer

193

About expansion cards
Expansion cards are printed circuit boards that can be installed in your
computer to give it special features, such as enhanced video capabilities,
networking and communications capabilities, and additional processing
power. Your computer has slots available for three different kinds of
expansion cards:
m two PCI (peripheral component interconnect) slots for 6.88-inch PCI cards
m a communication slot for an internal modem or Ethernet card (You may
already have a card installed in this slot.)
m a video-in slot for a video input card that brings signals into the computer
from a videocassette recorder (VCR), laser disc player, video camera, or
similar device (The video input card is sold by your Apple-authorized
dealer under the name Apple Video System.)
Communication slot

PCI slots (2)

Video-in slot

You can also install the following additional expansion cards in
your computer:
m the Apple External Video Connector kit that allows video mirroring on an
external monitor
m a TV or TV/FM tuner card that allows you to watch and to record TV and
videos and to listen to FM radio on your computer (TV and TV/FM tuner
cards you can install include the Apple TV/FM Radio System and the
Apple TV System.)

194

Appendix B

Other video cards that let you perform video editing and other functions may
also be available for your computer.
This appendix contains instructions for installing a PCI card or a
communication card. To install a video input card or a TV or TV/FM tuner
card, follow the instructions that came with the kit or card.
WARNING To avoid damaging your computer and expansion card, do not

attempt to install any expansion card without first checking the
documentation for that card. If the documentation specifies that an
Apple-certified technician must install the card (usually because
the installation requires special training or tools), consult the service
and support information that came with your computer for instructions
on how to contact an Apple-authorized service provider or Apple for
assistance. If you attempt to install the card yourself, any damage you
may cause to your computer or card will not be covered by the limited
warranty on your computer. If the card is not an Apple-labeled product,
check with an Apple-authorized dealer or service provider to see if you
can install it yourself.

About memory
You can install additional memory—dynamic random-access memory
(DRAM)—in your computer. DRAM allows you to work with more programs
and larger documents. Additional memory comes in packages called Dual
Inline Memory Modules, or DIMMs. Altogether, you can install a maximum
of 128 megabytes (MB) of DRAM in this Macintosh model. For additional
processing power, you can also install an optional High Performance Module
(256K level 2 cache) in the cache slot in your computer.
For more information about memory, see the “Memory” topic area of
Macintosh Guide (or Mac OS Guide), available in the Guide (h) menu.

Installing Expansion Cards or Additional Memory

195

Apple recommends that you have an Apple-certified technician install
additional DRAM for you. However, you may feel comfortable installing
DRAM yourself.
m If you want to install additional DRAM yourself, you must purchase the
memory chips, or DIMMs, from an Apple-authorized dealer. Then follow
the instructions in this appendix.
m If you want an Apple-certified technician to install additional DRAM for
you, see the service and support information that came with your computer
for instructions on how to contact an Apple-authorized service provider or
Apple for service.
Cache slot for installing a High Performance
Module for additional processing power.
(You may have a module installed already.)

DRAM DIMM slots (2) for installing
additional DRAM. (You may have an
additional DRAM DIMM installed already.)

DRAM configurations
Your computer can use any DRAM configuration with DIMMs of these sizes:
8 MB, 16 MB, 32 MB, or 64 MB. The exact configuration depends on the
density of the DRAM chips that are mounted on the DIMMs. (The DIMMs
must support a 1K or 2K refresh count.)

196

Appendix B

Your computer comes with 32 megabytes (MB) of dynamic random-access
memory (DRAM) preinstalled in one of the Dual Inline Memory Module
(DIMM) sockets. One DIMM slot remains for installing an additional 8 MB,
16 MB, 32 MB, or 64 MB DIMM. If you want to install the maximum amount
of memory, you need to replace the preinstalled 32 MB DIMM with a 64 MB
DIMM, then install a second 64 MB DIMM in the remaining slot, for a total
of 128 MB of DRAM.
IMPORTANT The DIMMs should be 64-bit wide, 168-pin 5-volt (V) Extended
Data Output (EDO) DIMMs, with 60-nanosecond (ns) RAM access time or
faster and a 1K or 2K refresh count. The Single Inline Memory Modules
(SIMMs) from older Macintosh computers are not compatible with your
computer and should not be used. 3.3-V DIMMs and DIMMs that require a
4K refresh count also should not be used

If you decide to have additional DRAM installed in your computer, the
DIMMs can be installed one at a time in any order in either of the
memory slots.
Instructions for installing DIMMs are in the section “Installing DIMMs or a
High Performance Module” later in this appendix.

High Performance Module configurations
A High Performance Module (256K level 2 cache) provides an overall
increase in your computer’s performance. Although the computer’s processor
speed stays the same when you install a High Performance Module (see your
Technical Information booklet for the exact speed), your computer performs
tasks significantly faster. If your computer did not come with one already
installed, you can add a High Performance Module on the main logic board.
IMPORTANT Be sure to use a 50 Mhz High Performance Module designed
specifically for your computer. The 40 Mhz modules used in other Macintosh
computers will not work in your computer.

Instructions for installing a High Performance Module are in the section
“Installing DIMMs or a High Performance Module” later in this appendix.

Installing Expansion Cards or Additional Memory

197

Opening the computer
IMPORTANT To avoid generating static electricity from your body that may
damage components, do not walk around the room until you have completed
the installation of the expansion card and closed the computer. Additionally,
move the logic board as little as possible while it is outside the computer case.
1

Shut down your computer by choosing Shut Down from the Special menu.

You can also press the Power key (marked with a π) on the keyboard, then
press the Return key when the Shutdown dialog box appears.
2

Unplug all the cables except the power cord from the computer (including the cable that
connects your keyboard to the computer).

Leaving the power cord plugged in helps protect the computer from
electrostatic discharge damage. (You’ll unplug the power cord later.)
3

With a screwdriver, remove the two screws shown here from the computer’s back panel.

Remove these
two screws.

Do not remove this screw.

198

Appendix B

Leave the power cord plugged
in for now. You’ll unplug it later.

Touch the recessed metal parts in the back panel to discharge static electricity from
your body.

Always do this before you touch any parts or install any components inside
the computer. This discharges static electricity from your body and helps
protect components inside the computer.

Touch the metal
parts inside the
recessed area.

Installing Expansion Cards or Additional Memory

199

Unplug the power cord from your computer.

You can unplug the power cord now because you discharged static electricity
in the previous step.

Unplug the power
cord from the back
of the computer.

Grasping the two plastic tabs, gently pull the logic board all the way out of the computer.
Gently but firmly
pull the logic board
all the way out of
the computer.

200

Appendix B

Once the logic board is out, set it on a clean, flat, stable surface. Rest the end of it on a
thick magazine or a thin book to protect the components underneath.
Rest the logic board on a clean, flat, stable surface.
Place a thick magazine under this
end of the logic board to help
protect the components
underneath.

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Illus
Vol. 1

, No.

What you do next depends on whether you’re installing an expansion card,
memory, or a High Performance Module. Skip ahead to the the instructions
that describe the installation you want to perform later in this appendix.

Installing an expansion card
This section contains instructions for installing a peripheral component
interconnect (PCI) card or a communication card. (To install a video input card
or a TV or TV/FM tuner card, follow the instructions that came with the card.)

Installing a PCI card
This section contains instructions for installing a PCI card. PCI cards for your
computer must be no longer than 6.88 inches.
Use these instructions in conjunction with the instructions that come with
your PCI card:

Installing Expansion Cards or Additional Memory

201

If you have a video input card already installed in your computer and you’re going to
install a PCI card in the lower PCI slot, remove the video input card temporarily to give
yourself more room while you install the PCI card. Remove the screw from the vertical
plate that holds the video input card in place and remove the card as shown. (You’ll
reinstall the card later.)

Skip this step if there is not a video input card installed on your logic board
or if you’re installing the PCI card in the uppermost PCI slot.
Video input card

If you have a video input card
installed, you may need to remove
it to give yourself room to install
a PCI card in the lower PCI slot.
Video-in slot

Screw
Vertical plate

Remove the screw that holds the port cover in place. Hold your finger under the screw to
catch it and the port cover when they come loose.

Try not to let the port cover or the screw fall onto the logic board.

202

Appendix B

Remove the screw that holds the port cover in place.

Position your hand so that the screw and the
port cover do not fall onto the logic board.

Remove the port cover and set it aside.

You won’t need the port cover for the rest of these instructions, but save it in
case you ever remove the PCI card and need to cover the port again.

Remove the port cover.

Installing Expansion Cards or Additional Memory

203

Remove the PCI card from its static-proof bag.

Hold the card by its upper edges to avoid touching any connectors.

Connectors

Supporting the adapter fence with one hand, insert the card into the PCI slot so that the
card fence matches up with the opening where the port cover was and slides through the
slot in the adapter fence.
PCI slot

Adapter fence

204

Appendix B

Slot in adapter fence

Card fence

Supporting the adapter fence with one hand, push the card with the other hand until it
snaps into place.

Don’t force the card. If you meet resistance, pull the card out and try again. To
see if the card is properly connected, make sure its metal fence is flush with
the side of the adapter fence.

Card fence

Adapter fence

Installing Expansion Cards or Additional Memory

205

Reinsert the screw into the PCI card fence and tighten it.

To help insert the screw, push the PCI card fence forward with your thumb
so the screw holes align. Insert the screw until it’s somewhat steady, hold
your thumb underneath it (to prevent it from falling), and tighten it with
the screwdriver.

You may find it helpful to
support the screw with the
thumb of your other hand.

206

Appendix B

If you removed a video input card from the logic board in step 1, reinsert it now in the
video-in slot.
Video input card

If you removed a
video input card in
step 1, reinstall it.

Video-in slot

Screw

If you have a communication card, DIMMs, or a High Performance Module to install, go to
the instructions for those installations later in this appendix. If you are finished installing
items in your computer, proceed to “Closing the Computer.”

Installing Expansion Cards or Additional Memory

207

Installing a communication card
This section contains instructions for installing an Ethernet or internal
modem card in the communication slot in your computer. You use an
Ethernet card to communicate with other computers through a local area
network (LAN). For example, you can print on a shared printer and access
documents on a server (a centralized computer that provides shared resources
to other computers on a network). You use an internal modem card to connect
to online services or the Internet.
Note: If you install an internal modem card in the communication slot and
also want to connect to an Ethernet network, buy and install the kind of
Ethernet card that goes in your computer’s PCI slot, then follow the
instructions in “Installing a PCI Card” earlier in this section.
Some communication cards designed for other communication slots are not
compatible with your computer and cannot be installed here. You can tell by
examining the placement of the notches on the card. Use the following
illustration as a guide if you’re not sure you have the correct type of card for
the slot.

Compatible

Vertical plate

Compatible

Not compatible

208

Appendix B

Communication card

Logic board
(side view)

Notches

Communication slot

Notches

To install a communication card, follow these steps:
1

Remove the plastic access cover from the vertical plate.

Save the access cover—if you ever remove the communication card from your
computer, you’ll need to cover the open port again.
Push the two plastic tabs apart and pull off the
metal retainer so the access cover can come off.
Metal retainer

Remove the communication card from its static-proof bag.

Hold the card by its upper edges to avoid touching its connectors.

Installing Expansion Cards or Additional Memory

209

Align the card over the communication slot.

The communication slot is the rightmost slot on the logic board as you face
the vertical plate.
4

Check the external connector on your card, see which of the following two illustrations
matches the card you have, and install the card according to the illustration.

m If the card has a hook, make sure it catches between the layers of the
vertical plate before you push the card into the slot. Press down on the card
until the connector is solidly in place.
Don’t force the card. If you meet resistance, pull it out and try again.

1 If your communication card
has a hook on it (as shown here),
be sure that the hook engages
the sheet metal on the inside
of the vertical plate.

2 Push down on the back
end of the communication
card until it is firmly seated
in the communication slot.

Communication card

Vertical plate
External connector

210

Appendix B

Communication slot

m If the card does not have a hook, simply pass the external connector
through the opening in the vertical plate as shown. (Some cards have an
external connector that protrudes through the opening; others, like the one
shown here, have a flatter external connector.) Insert the card into the
communication slot. Press down on the card until the connector is solidly
in place.
Don’t force the card. If you meet resistance, pull it out and try again.
External connector

Vertical plate

Communication card

Communication slot

Opening in vertical plate

To see if the card is properly connected, lift it gently. If it resists and stays in place,
it’s connected.

Note: After you have finished these installation instructions and turned on
your computer, you may need to install software for your communication
card. If you installed an Ethernet card, you may also need to change the
network connection in the AppleTalk control panel. See both the manual
that came with the card and Chapter 7, “Connecting Your Computer to a
Network” for more information.
6

If you have DIMMs or a High Performance Module to install, go to those instructions next
in this appendix. If you are finished installing items, proceed to “Closing the Computer.”

Installing Expansion Cards or Additional Memory

211

Installing DIMMs or a High Performance Module (level 2 cache)
There are specific types of DIMMS and High Performance Modules that
work in your computer. Refer to the information provided earlier in this
appendix and to the Technical Information booklet that came with your
computer for information about the kinds of DIMMs and High Performance
Module you can use in your computer model.
WARNING Although instructions for installing DRAM DIMMs and a

High Performance Module (level 2 cache) are provided in this manual,
Apple Computer strongly recommends that you have an Apple-certified
technician install them. Consult the service and support information that
came with your computer for instructions on how to contact an Appleauthorized service provider or Apple for service. If you install additional
DIMMs yourself, you risk damaging your equipment, and this damage is
not covered by the limited warranty on your computer. See an Appleauthorized dealer or service provider for additional information about
this or any other warranty question.

Removing a DRAM DIMM
To upgrade your computer to the maximum amount of memory, you may
want to replace the DRAM DIMM that comes preinstalled in your computer
with one of a higher capacity. To do this, you’ll need to remove the existing
DIMM following the instructions provided in this section, then install a
higher capacity DIMM following the instructions in “Installing a DRAM
DIMM,” next in this appendix.

212

Appendix B

To remove a DRAM DIMM, follow these instructions:
1

Press down on the ejector to release the DRAM DIMM from its slot as pictured in the
following illustration.

When the ejector releases, pull the DIMM straight up and out of the slot.
DRAM DIMM (Your DIMM’s shape
and components may vary.)
Connectors

Notches

While holding the DIMM along its side
edges, press down on the ejector as
shown. The DIMM will be released
from its slot, and you can then pull the
DIMM straight up and out of the slot.

DRAM slot (1 of 2)

Ejector

Installing Expansion Cards or Additional Memory

213

Installing a DRAM DIMM
1

Push the ejector on the DRAM slot outward and down to open it.
Push the ejector outward and down to open it.

DRAM slot (1 of 2)

214

Appendix B

With the ejector in the “open” position, align the DRAM DIMM in one of the DRAM slots
as pictured.
IMPORTANT Do not touch the DIMM’s connectors. Handle the DIMM only by
the upper edges.
DRAM DIMM (Your DIMM’s shape
and components may vary.)
Connectors

The DRAM DIMM is designed to fit into the
slot only one way. Be sure to align the notches
in the DIMM with the small ribs inside the slot.

Notches

DRAM slot (1 of 2)
Ribs (inside slot)

Push down on the DIMM until it snaps into place.

The ejector closes automatically.
4

Repeat steps 1–3 if you need to install another DRAM DIMM into the other slot.

If you have a High Performance Module to install, proceed to the next section, “Installing
a High Performance Module into the Cache Module Slot.” If you are finished installing
items in your computer, proceed to “Closing the Computer.”

Installing Expansion Cards or Additional Memory

215

Installing a High Performance Module (level 2 cache)
1

Aligning the notches in the module with the small ribs inside the cache module slot,
insert the module in the slot as pictured.

The module is designed to fit into the slot only one way. Be sure to align the
notches in the module with the small ribs inside the slot.
IMPORTANT Do not touch the module’s connectors. Handle the module only by
the upper edges.
Cache module slot

High Performance Module
(Your module’s shape and components may vary.)
The module is designed to fit into the slot only
one way. Be sure to align the notches in the
module with the small ribs inside the slot.
Connectors

Ribs (inside slot)

216

Appendix B

Notches

If you are finished installing items in your computer, proceed to “Closing the Computer.”

Closing the computer
1

Grasping the plastic tabs on the vertical plate, orient the logic board vertically and slide
it into the guide rails on the left inside of the computer.
Align and insert the logic
board so that it engages
the guides on the top
and bottom of the
computer chassis.

Push the logic board until it is back inside the computer case.

Gently but firmly push on
the vertical plate until the
logic board is solidly
back in place.

Installing Expansion Cards or Additional Memory

217

Reinsert the two screws.

Reinsert these
two screws.

Plug all the cables except the power cord back into the computer.

Reconnect the power cord.

Plug the power
cord into the back
of the computer.

218

Appendix B

WARNING To ensure reliable and safe operation of your system, never

turn on your computer unless all of its internal and external parts are
in place.
Note: If your computer will not start after you’ve installed an expansion card,
DRAM, or the High Performance Module, you may need to press the reset
button on the main logic board. See the instructions listed under the problem
“The computer does not start and you have just installed DIMMs, a High
Performance Module, or expansion cards” in “Solutions to Common Problems
With Your Computer” in Chapter 9 of this manual.

Installing Expansion Cards or Additional Memory

219

Read this appendix for information
about your computer’s optional
built-in Zip drive.

Appendix C
Using the Optional Built-in Zip Drive

The optional internal Zip drive in your Macintosh accepts Zip disks, each of
which can hold 100 megabytes (MB) of information. The Zip drive is a SCSI
device—if your computer came with one installed, it uses SCSI ID number
5.

Zip drive

221

With a Zip drive and Zip disks, you can do the following:
m Extend your hard disk Zip disks give you increased storage and easy access
to information. They are good for storage-hungry image, sound, and video
files that otherwise would take up space on your hard disk.
m Move information Zip disks offer complete mobility and can be moved and
used wherever you have another Zip drive.
m Back up your hard disk Zip disks provide a convenient way to back up your
hard disk and archive important records.
m Secure sensitive files To keep sensitive or confidential information safe, you
can store it on a Zip disk and use the Tools application to assign a
password that must be used in order to read or write information on the
disk.
This appendix contains basic information about working with Zip disks in
the internal Zip drive. Additional information is also available online in the
Iomega folder on your hard disk or on the CD-ROM disc that came with your
computer.

Inserting a Zip disk
Follow these instructions to insert a Zip disk into the Zip drive.
1

Turn on your Macintosh.

Gently insert the disk into the drive.
Insert the Zip disk, metal end first,
into the Zip drive of your computer.

The Zip disk is properly seated in the drive when
the end of the disk is flush with the drive opening.

222

A p p endix C

In a moment, an icon for the Zip disk appears on your screen. You can store
and copy files to and from the Zip drive using the same methods you use for
other drives on your system.

WARNING Never force a Zip disk into or out of the drive, or use either

ordinary 3.5-inch disks or floppy head-cleaning disks in your Zip drive.
They will damage it.
If the icon for the Zip disk does not appear on your screen, refer to the
troubleshooting information in the online manuals and online help located
in the Iomega folder on your hard disk or on the CD-ROM disc that came
with your computer. (You may need to reinstall the Iomega Driver from the
Iomega folder.)

Ejecting a Zip disk
You eject a Zip disk the same way you eject a floppy disk, as follows:
1

On the desktop, click the Zip disk icon to select it.

Choose Put Away from the File menu.

The disk is ejected from the drive.
3

Store the Zip disk in its protective case.

Note: You can also eject a Zip disk by dragging its icon to the Trash.

Using the O ptional Built - in Zip Drive

223

Problems ejecting a Zip disk?
If you cannot eject a Zip disk as described above, try the following:
m If your system appears to be frozen, restart your computer. For
instructions, see the troubleshooting information in your user’s manual.
m To eject a Zip disk manually during a power failure, insert the end of a
large straightened paper clip into the small hole near the disk drive’s
opening. Push gently until the disk is ejected. Do not use excessive force.
Emergency ejection hole

WARNING Do not use this manual disk-ejection procedure while the
computer is turned on, or you may damage the Zip drive or the data on
the Zip disk.

224

A p p endix C

Using the Tools application
The Tools application is located in the Iomega folder on your hard disk or on
the CD-ROM disc that came with your computer. You can use it to erase Zip
disks, set read/write protection options for Zip disks, and set other options.

The read/write protection features in the Tools application let you do the
following:
m Write-protect a Zip disk to prevent anyone from overwriting critical data.
When a disk is write-protected, no one can save files on the disk.
m Write-protect a Zip disk and assign a password that must be used to
remove the write protection.
m Read-protect a Zip disk so that it cannot be read from or written on,
unless the user enters the password you assign. (Use this option when you
want to protect sensitive information.)
For complete information about the Tools application, refer to the files for
onscreen help and onscreen manuals in the Iomega folder (available on your
computer’s hard disk or on the CD-ROM disc that contains system software).
IMPORTANT Do not forget your password, particularly for a read-protected

disk. If you forget a password for a read-protected disk, the data on the disk
cannot be recovered, even by Apple or Iomega.

Using the O ptional Built - in Zip Drive

225

Handling Zip disks
Store disks at
temperatures
between -8° F
and 122° F.

Do not use a
pencil or an
eraser on a disk
or disk label.

Keep disks dry.

122° F (50° C)

-8° F (-22° C)

Do not touch the
exposed part of the
disk behind the
metal shutter.

226

A p p endix C

Keep disks away
from magnets.

Avoid exposing
disks to extremely
hot temperatures.

Read this appendix to learn
how to use the special
keys on your keyboard.

Appendix D
Special Keys on Your Keyboard

Your computer keyboard contains certain special keys that typewriter
keyboards don’t have. Many of these keys allow you to give commands to the
computer without using the mouse. For example, in many application
programs, pressing the x (Command) key at the same time as the Q key lets
you quit a program.
The following table describes what you can do with the special keys on your
keyboard. Special keys on your keyboard vary the model of keyboard you
have; some keyboards do not have all the keys listed.
Special keys on Apple keyboards
Arrow keys

Caps Lock key
Clear key

x (Command) key

Use to move the insertion point, as an alternative to using the
pointer. In some programs, the arrow keys have other functions.
Use to capitalize a series of letters (numbers and symbols
aren’t affected).

caps
lock

num
lock

clear

Use to delete the current selection (or use the Delete key).
In some programs, Clear has other functions.
Use in combination with other keys as an alternative to
choosing a menu command.
continued .

227

Special keys on Apple keyboards (continued)
Control key

control

Delete key

Use to delete selected material, or the character to the left of the
insertion point.

delete

Enter key
enter

Escape key

esc

Function keys

Numeric keys

num
lock

clear

alt

option

Power key

Some programs allow you to use the 12 function keys to give
commands. You can assign commands or action sequences to
function keys with special utility programs.
Use to produce numbers and mathematical symbols; some
programs use these keys as function keys to initiate actions.

Use in combination with other keys to produce special
characters or modify actions.

Use to move the insertion point to the beginning of the next line.
In a dialog box, pressing Return is the same as clicking the
outlined button.

return

Shift key

Use to produce capital letters (or the upper character
on the key).

shift

Tab key

Use to move the insertion point to the next stopping place
(such as a tab stop or field in a dialog box or program).

tab

ins

help

home

page
up

end

page
down

del

Appendix D

The function of this key depends on the program you’re using.

On some models, press to turn on the computer. Also press to
shut down the computer on certain models.

Return key

228

In a dialog box, pressing Enter is the same as clicking the
outlined button. In some programs, pressing this key confirms
information you have provided.

enter

Option key

Other special keys

In combination with other keys, this key provides shortcuts or
modifies other actions.

The function of these keys depends on the operating system
and program you’re using.

Typing special characters and symbols
You can type a variety of international and other special symbols and
characters (including characters with diacritical marks, such as accents)
by pressing combinations of keys.
The Key Caps program, which is installed with your system software, shows
you the characters produced when you type certain keys and key
combinations in the fonts available on your computer. Choose Key Caps from
the Apple (K) menu, then choose the font from the Key Caps menu.

Characters appear
here when you press
keys on the keyboard
or click them in
the window.
Characters available
in the Chicago font

To have Key Caps show more options for special characters, press each of these
keys or key combinations: Option, Shift, Shift-Option, Shift-x, and Option-x.

Characters available
in the Chicago font
when the Option key
is pressed
The highlighted key represents the
key held down on the keyboard—
in this case, the Option key.

If you press the Option key, Key Caps outlines lightly the keys that you can
use in combination with letter keys to type letters with accents or other
diacritical marks.

Special Keys on Your Keyboard

229

Note: If you see rectangles instead of diacritical marks on some of the
pictures of keys in Key Caps, try pressing Option-x to see the diacritical
marks. However, use the Option key (not Option-x) in combination with the
other keys to type letters with diacritical marks.
If you press the Option key at the same time as a key for a specific
diacritical mark and then release both keys, Key Caps outlines in bold the
keys for letters that can be typed with that mark. (You’ll see that most key
combinations for diacritical marks can be used with the Space bar as well as
letter keys—producing the mark without a letter.)
The most common diacritical marks and how to create them are
summarized next.
Diacritical mark

Key combination

Grave accent ( ` )

Option–`, then type the character

Acute accent ( ´ )

Option–e, then type the character

Circumflex (^)

Option–i, then type the character

Tilde (~)

Option–n, then type the character

Umlaut ( ¨ )

Option–u, then type the character

The letter “c” with a cedilla (ç)

Option–c

m To type a letter or a space with a specific diacritical mark, press the Option key and
the key for the mark simultaneously. Then type the letter that needs the mark.

If you are having trouble getting a mark and letter to appear together, try
again. Be sure to press the Option key before (or at the same time as) the key
for the mark; then, after you release both keys, type the letter to be marked.

230

Appendix D

Special key combinations
If difficulties with your mouse or computer don’t allow you to use standard
methods of quitting a program or restarting your computer, you can try using
these special key combinations.
To do this …

… press this key combination

Force a program to quit

x-Option-Esc

Force the computer to restart

x-Control–Power key

Start the computer from a CD-ROM disc

C key (while starting up)

Ignore the selected startup device

x-Option-Shift-Delete

Turn off system extensions

Shift key (while starting up)

Start the Extensions Manager

Space bar (while starting up)

Rebuild the desktop

Option-x (while starting up)

Special Keys on Your Keyboard

231

Can’t Find It? See also Macintosh Guide’s
onscreen index. Open the Guide (h) menu and
choose Macintosh Guide (or Mac OS Guide);
then click the Index button.

Index

A
AAUI connector 104
AAUI Ethernet port 104, 105
About Apple Extras file 28
accent marks, typing 230
adapters
Apple Ethernet AUI Adapter 104
ISDN terminal adapter 91
LocalTalk adapter 96, 97
media adapters 100
ADB. See Apple Desktop Bus
address. See Internet Protocol (IP)
address
alert sound, recording 46
America Online 85, 114, 115
angle of keyboard 13
AppleCD Audio Player program 48, 63,
78, 81
Apple customer support hotline 28
Apple Desktop Bus (ADB) icon 11
Apple Desktop Bus (ADB) port
connecting keyboard cable to 12
connecting mouse cable to 11
location of 45
purpose of 44
Apple Ethernet AUI Adapter 104
Apple Ethernet Comm II card 99

Apple External Video Connector kit 194
Apple Extras folder
About Apple Extras (Read Me) files in
28, 64
preinstalled programs in 63
removing applications from 72–73
Apple Internet Connection Kit (AICK)
90, 114–116
Apple LocalTalk Locking Connector Kit
DIN-8 96
Apple LocalTalk RJ-11 connector 96
Apple menu
AppleCD Audio Player 48, 78, 81
control panels in. See control panels
desk accessories in 66
Key Caps 229–230
replacing menu items in new System
Folder 169
Apple PlainTalk microphone, connecting
50–51
AppleScript program 63
AppleTalk control panel
closing 107
getting more information about 108
opening 106
purpose of 105
AppleTalk network 85, 105–108
AppleTalk zones 106, 107

233

Can’t Find It?
See also Macintosh
Guide’s onscreen index.
Open the Guide (h)
menu and choose
Macintosh Guide
(or Mac OS Guide);
then click the
Index button.

234

Index

Apple Video Player program 63
Apple Video System 194
application icon 22
Application menu 21, 66
active programs listed in 66
Finder command 30
Hide Others command 67
Show All command 67
switching applications from 67
application programs 63–73. See also
specific application
accessing over the Internet 118
backup applications 69
bundled with modems 89
debugging applications 89
designed for older Macintoshes 70, 141
designed for Power Macintosh 69, 70
determining which are open 66
dimmed icons for 67
displaying windows in 67
identifying the active application 66
increasing memory to run
programs 68
installing 64–66, 79
in system software 64
memory used by 68, 70, 134
opening, problems with 134
preinstalled 63–64
problems with 139, 140
quitting 124, 134, 231
removing 72–73
replacing on hard disk 127
screen saver programs 184
shared libraries and 140
switching 67
3D software 70–71
troubleshooting 64, 127, 134–136,
138–139, 141
virtual memory and 68
working with several at a time 66–69
arrow keys 227
arrow on screen. See pointer
arrows, scroll 22

At Ease (CD-ROM alternative to
Macintosh desktop) 133
audio. See sound
audio CDs. See also CD-ROM discs
playing 81
troubleshooting 148
virtual memory and 68
volume, adjusting 48
audio equipment, connecting
headphones 55
microphone 50–51
speakers 52–54
automatic shutdown 24, 25
automatic startup 24, 25

B
background of desktop, changing 35
backing up files 68–69
backup applications 69
Balloon Help 39
bass sound. See subwoofer
blinking question mark icon 128, 162
bomb icon 122, 124, 135
BootP server 110
brightness control on monitor 127
browsing the World Wide Web 116

C
cables. See also Ethernet network
coaxial cables 100
Ethernet cables 99–100, 102
fiber-optic cables 99, 104
handling 183
keyboard cable 12
LocalTalk cables 96, 97
modem cables 89
monitor cable 8, 10
mouse cable 11
printer cable 46
RJ-45 connector cable 100
SCSI cables 59–60

SCSI peripheral interface cable 59
SCSI system cable 59
10Base-T twisted-pair cable 100
thick coaxial cable 99, 104
thin coaxial cable 99, 102, 103
thin or thick coaxial (10Base-2)
cable 99
twisted pair (10Base-T) cable 99
cable TV, connecting Macintosh to 45
cache module. See High Performance
Module
cache slot 196, 216
Caps Lock key 227
cards
Apple Ethernet Comm II card 99
communication card 45, 208–211
Ethernet card 86, 98–100
expansion card 130, 194–195,
201–211
internal modem card 87
PCI card 94, 201–207
thin coaxial Ethernet card 102
TV/FM tuner card 45, 194
twisted pair (10Base-T) Ethernet
card 45
video input card 45, 194, 202, 207
case
cleaning 187
closing 217–219
opening 192–201
CD Extras folder
preinstalled programs in 63–64
removing software from 72–73
CD-ROM disc icon 78
CD-ROM discs. See also CD-ROM drive
At Ease desktop alternative on 133
audio CDs 81, 148
capacity of 75
cleaning 146, 186
copying 66
copying files from 79–81

ejecting 78–79
ejecting unexpectedly 146
file formats for 80–81
handling 185–186
inserting into drive 76–77
installing application programs
from 66
labels on 77
opening documents on 147
Photo CDs 81, 82–84
polishing 146
safety precautions for 186
sharing over a network 84
small (8 cm) discs 76
starting up from 143, 154, 231
system software disc, removing
software from 72–73
troubleshooting 145–147
types you can use 75, 80–81
vibrating in tray 76, 77
CD-ROM drive 75–84. See also
CD-ROM discs
cleaning lens on 186
closing tray of 77, 79
discs compatible with 75, 80–81
discs vibrating in 77
ejecting disc from 78–79
inserting disc into 76–77
Open/Close button on 76
opening 76
safety precautions for ix, 186
SCSI ID number for 57, 58
spills on 186
troubleshooting 142–144
types of discs read by 75, 80–81
CD-ROM drive tray 76, 144
CD-ROM software, installing or
reinstalling 171–173
CD-ROM XA format 80
chat groups 115
Chooser, specifying a printer in 46

Index

235

Can’t Find It?
See also Macintosh
Guide’s onscreen index.
Open the Guide (h)
menu and choose
Macintosh Guide
(or Mac OS Guide);
then click the
Index button.

236

Index

cleaning
case 187
CD-ROM discs 146, 186
CD-ROM drive lens 186
monitor 187
mouse 188–189
screen 181
spills 183, 184, 186
Clear key 227
clock 127
closing
CD-ROM drive tray 77, 79
computer 217–219
Macintosh Guide 38
windows 22
coaxial cables 100
coaxial port 102
Command key 227
commands
Empty Trash (Special menu) 22
Finder (Application menu) 30
Hide Balloons (Guide menu) 39
Hide Others (Application menu) 67
Macintosh Guide (Guide menu) 30
menus of 21
Open (File menu), shortcut for 40
Restart (Special menu) 124
Shortcuts (Guide menu) 40
shortcuts for. See shortcuts
Show All (Application menu) 67
Show Balloons (Guide menu) 39
Shut Down (Special menu) 26–27
Sleep (Special menu) 24
Sleep Setup (Energy Saver control
panel) 24
communicating via computer. See e-mail;
faxes; Internet; ISDN line;
modem; network; online
services; telephone; World
Wide Web
communication card
compatible vs. incompatible 208
Ethernet card 208

installing 208–211
location of 45
communication card access cover 45
communication slot 87, 99, 194, 208
Communications regulation
information viii
compact discs. See CD-ROM discs
CompuServe 85
configuring network connection
105–111
AppleTalk 106–108
TCP/IP 108–111
connecting
audio equipment 49–55
cables 183
connector into port 183
external SCSI devices 57–62
headphones 55
keyboard 12–13
microphone 50–51
modem 89
monitor 8–10
mouse 11
pointing devices 11
power cord 7
printer 46
SCSI devices 57–62
second monitor 56
speakers 52–54
to Ethernet network 102–105
to Internet 114–116
to ISDN line 90–91
to telephone line 85–91
to thin coaxial Ethernet network
102–103
to twisted-pair Ethernet network
100–101
connectors
Apple LocalTalk RJ-11 connector 96
plugging into port 183
RJ-45 connector 100
T-connector 102, 103
Control key 228

control panels
AppleTalk 105–108
Date & Time 33
Desktop Patterns 35
Energy Saver 23
Extensions Manager 125–126
incompatible 135
Memory 68, 70, 134, 141
Monitors & Sound 48, 51, 55
PC Exchange 139
replacing in new System Folder 169
Sharing Setup 78, 84
TCP/IP 105, 108, 109, 111
copying
application programs 64
CD-ROM discs 66
files 68–69
files from CD-ROM discs 79–81
countries, voltages for 6
CPU xi
cumulative trauma disorders 178
cursor. See pointer
customer support hotline 28

D
databases, accessing over the Internet
118
Date & Time control panel 33
debugging applications 89
Delete key 228
desk accessories
switching between 67
working with several at a time 66
desktop
appearance of 16
CD-ROM alternative to (At Ease) 133
changing background of 35
hiding and showing windows on 67
rebuilding 125–126, 231
Desktop Patterns control panel 35
device drivers for SCSI devices 62
DHCP server 110

diacritical marks, typing 230
digital telephone line. See ISDN line
dimmed icons for applications 67
DIMMs. See DRAM DIMMs
disc drive. See CD-ROM drive
discharging static electricity 199
discs. See CD-ROM discs
disk drives. See floppy disk drive; hard
disk; Zip drive
Disk First Aid icon 158
Disk First Aid program 158–160, 163
disk icon
with blinking question mark 128, 162
with X 129
disks. See floppy disks; hard disk; Zip
disks
Disk Tools disk, starting up from 155
display. See screen
DOC statement ix
document icon 22
documents
copying 68–65
DOS 132, 139, 140
troubleshooting 147
DOS disks/files 132, 139, 140
downloading
data, speed of 88
files over the Internet 118
DRAM configurations 196–197
DRAM DIMMs. See also memory
configurations 196–197
handling 213
installing 214–215
removing 212–213
troubleshooting 130
types to use 197
DRAM DIMM slots 196, 213–215
drivers for SCSI devices 61
Drive Setup icon 157
Drive Setup program
accessing hard disk with 131
initializing hard disk with 161
testing hard disk with 157–158

Index

237

Dual Inline Memory Modules. See
DIMMs
dynamic random-access memory. See
DRAM
Can’t Find It?
See also Macintosh
Guide’s onscreen index.
Open the Guide (h)
menu and choose
Macintosh Guide
(or Mac OS Guide);
then click the
Index button.

238

Index

E
ejecting
CD-ROM discs 78–79, 146
floppy disks 133
Zip disks 223
electrical grounding 5, 7, 43
electrical hazards, avoiding 7, 89, 182
electromagnetic emissions 181
electronic mail 115, 117
electronic service providers 114, 115
e-mail 115, 117. See also Internet
Empty Trash command
(Special menu) 22
Empty Trash warning, disabling 37
energy, conserving 15, 16, 23–25
Energy Saver control panel 23–25
Energy Saver dialog box 15, 23
Enter key 228
equipment 4
erasing disks 160
error message 122–123. See also
troubleshooting
errors. See troubleshooting
Escape key 228
Ethernet AUI Adapter 104
Ethernet cables 99–100, 102
Ethernet card
choosing 98
installing 98–100
purpose of 86, 208
Ethernet network 98–105
choosing and installing an Ethernet
card 98–100
connecting to a thin coaxial Ethernet
network 102–103
connecting to a twisted-pair Ethernet
network 100–101

connecting to other types of Ethernet
network 104–105
installing an Ethernet card 99
purpose of 94
Ethernet port 101, 103–105
Ethernet transceiver 104
expanding your computer 43–62
expansion bay 44, 62
expansion cards
communication cards 208–211
installing 201–211
PCI cards 201–207
purpose of 194–195
troubleshooting 130
types of 194–195
warning about 195
expansion slots. See slots
extended miniplug 49, 50
extensions
incompatible 135
installing 166
replacing in new System Folder 166
turning off 231
Extensions Manager control panel 125,
126, 231
exterior of computer. See case
external SCSI devices, connecting 57–62
external SCSI terminator 60–61
eye fatigue 179

F
fatigue
eye 179
general 181
faxes 85, 87
FCC statement viii
FDDI network 94
fiber-optic cable 104
fiber-optic media 99
file formats for CD-ROM discs 80
File menu, Open command 40

files
accessing over the Internet 118
backing up 68–69
copying from CD-ROM discs 79–81
failure to find 140
opening 40
file sharing 84, 78
Finder
activating 30
Macintosh Guide and 30
shortcuts for commands in 40–41
Finder icon 66
floppy disk drive
ejecting disk from 133
inserting disk into 65
location of 44
floppy disks
backing up files on 64
DOS 132
ejecting 133
erasing 160
handling 185
inserting into drive 65
installing applications from 65
labeling 185
PC 132
reinitializing 160
repairing 158–160
starting up from 155
storing 185
testing and repairing 158–160
troubleshooting 132–133, 158–160
FM radio antenna, connecting Macintosh
to 45
FM tuner card. See TV/FM tuner card
folder icon 22
folders
Apple Extras folder 72–73
CD Extras folder 63–64, 72–73
System Folder 162, 169

fonts, replacing in new System
Folder 169
formats for CD-ROM discs 80–81
formatting disks. See initializing
FTP (File Transfer Protocol)
software 118
Function keys 228
furniture, arranging for comfort 179–180

G
glare on screen 8, 180, 181
graphics, source of 82
grounded outlet 7
grounding 5, 7, 43
grounding plug 7
Guide menu
Hide Balloons command 39
location of 21
Macintosh Guide command 30
purpose of 20, 29
Shortcuts command 40
Show Balloons command 39
Guide menu icon 29

H
handling computer equipment
cables 183
CD-ROM discs 185–186
DRAM DIMMs 213
floppy disks 185
general instructions for 183
High Performance Module 216
keyboard 184
monitor 184
PCI card 204
power supply 187
Zip disks 225

Index

239

Can’t Find It?
See also Macintosh
Guide’s onscreen index.
Open the Guide (h)
menu and choose
Macintosh Guide
(or Mac OS Guide);
then click the
Index button.

240

Index

hard disk
backing up files on 69
damaged 157–158
initializing 160–161
installing applications on 64–66, 79
installing system software on
162–171
location of 44
preinstalled applications on 63–64
rebuilding desktop on 125–126, 231
repairing 158–160
starting up from, problems with 131
testing 157–158
troubleshooting 131, 156–161
using for additional memory 68
hard disk icon 16
hard disk sleep 24
hardware handshaking 89
headphone jack 44, 47, 55
headphones
connecting 55
3D Surround Sound and 48
troubleshooting 141
health-related information 177–181. See
also safety precautions
arranging your office 179–180
electromagnetic emissions 181
eye fatigue 179
general fatigue 181
musculoskeletal discomfort 178
posture 180–181
help, sources of 28, 29–41. See also
Balloon Help; Guide menu;
Macintosh Guide;
troubleshooting
HFS (Hierarchical File system)
format 80
Hide Balloons command
(Guide menu) 39
Hide Others command (Application
menu) 67
hiding and showing windows on the
desktop 67

High Performance Module (level 2
cache) 196, 212, 216. See also
memory
High Sierra discs 147
High Sierra file format 80, 147
hotline for customer support 28
"Huh?" button in Macintosh Guide 38

I, J
icons 22
Apple Desktop Bus icon 11
application icon 22
bomb icon 122, 124, 135
CD-ROM disc icon 78
dimmed icons 67
Disk First Aid icon 158
disk icon with blinking question mark
128, 162
disk icon with X 129
document icon 22
Drive Setup icon 157, 161
Finder icon 66
folder icon 22
Guide menu icon 29
hard disk icon 16
incorrect appearance of 131
Installer icon 64
printer port icon 46
“sad Macintosh” icon 129
SCSI icon 57
Zip disk icon 223
Index button in Macintosh Guide 34–35
initializing
DOS disks 132
floppy disks 132
hard disk 160–161
inserting
CD-ROM disc into drive 76–77
floppy disk into drive 65
Zip disk into drive 222–223
Installer 64
Installer icon 64

installing
application programs 64–66, 79
CD-ROM software 171–173
communication card 208–211
Ethernet card 98–100
expansion card 201–211
extensions 166
memory 195–197, 214–215
PCI card 201–207
system software 162–171
Integrated Services Digital Network.
See ISDN
interference viii, 56, 184
internal storage devices, replacing 62
international voltages 6
Internet
accessing databases over 118
accessing through a network 95
accessing through a telephone line 85
browsing the World Wide Web 116
chat groups on 115
connecting to 114–116
e-mail on 115, 117
language for 114
newsgroups on 117
protocols for 114, 116
purpose of 114
restricting access to 115
sharing files and data on 118
software for connection to 116
TCP/IP standards and 108
World Wide Web 85
Internet Connection Kit. See Apple
Internet Connection Kit
Internet Protocol (IP) 114
Internet Protocol (IP) address 109, 110
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 87,
109, 114, 115
Iomega folder, Tools application in 225
IP (Internet protocol) 114
IP address 109, 110
ISDN line 86, 90–91
ISDN network, connecting to 94

ISDN terminal adapter 91
ISO 9660 discs 147
ISO 9660 format 80

K
keyboard
adjusting angle of 13
connecting 12–13
handling 184
plugging mouse into 11
posture for 180
shortcuts with. See keyboard shortcuts
special keys on 227–228, 231
spills on 183, 184
troubleshooting 137, 138
typing special characters and symbols
on 229–230
keyboard cable 12
keyboard shortcuts (key combinations)
for Finder tasks 40–41
to force computer to restart 231
to force program to quit 231
to quit application 124, 231
to rebuild desktop 231
to restart computer when Restart
command cannot be chosen 124
to start Extensions Manager 231
to start up from a CD-ROM disc 231
to turn off system extensions 231
Key Caps program 229–230
key combinations. See keyboard
shortcuts

L
labeling floppy disks 185
labels on CD-ROM discs 77
LANs (local area networks) 93. See also
network
level 2 memory cache 212, 216
libraries, accessing over the Internet 118
lighting, eye fatigue and 180

Index

241

Can’t Find It?
See also Macintosh
Guide’s onscreen index.
Open the Guide (h)
menu and choose
Macintosh Guide
(or Mac OS Guide);
then click the
Index button.

local area networks (LANs) 93. See also
network
LocalTalk adapter 96, 97
LocalTalk cables 96, 97
LocalTalk Locking Connector Kit
DIN-8 96
LocalTalk network. See also network
connecting to 96–97
purpose of 94
LocalTalk RJ-11 connector 96
locking and unlocking the mouse
189–191
logic board
DRAM DIMM slots on 196
PCI slot on 99, 194
removing 200–201
replacing 217
reset button on 130, 219
SCSI ID number for 58
Look For button in Macintosh Guide
36–37
low-power mode. See sleep

M
Macintosh desktop. See desktop
Macintosh Guide (Mac OS Guide)
30–38. See also Macintosh
Guide window
"Huh?" button in 38
opening 30
returning to 33
searching for specific topic in 36–37
tips for using 38
viewing list of topics in 32–33
viewing topics alphabetically in
34–35
Macintosh Guide window
closing 38
Index button in 34–35
Look For button in 36–37
moving 31, 38
opening 30

242

Index

returning to 33
Topics button at the top of the window
32–33
Topics button in the lower-left corner
of the window 32–33, 35
Macintosh Tutorial 19–20
MacIP sever 110
Mac OS Guide. See Macintosh Guide
main logic board. See logic board
maintenance
CD-ROM discs 146, 186
CD-ROM drive 186
floppy disks 185
keyboard 184
monitor 184
mouse 137, 188–191
screen 181
media adapters 100
memory
adding 195–197, 214–215
clearing to solve problems 124
conserving 70
DRAM configurations 196–197
DRAM DIMMs 196–197, 212–215
High Performance Module 197, 216
increasing to run applications 68
installing 195–197, 214–215
required by native Power Macintosh
applications 70
running out of 134
used by application programs 68, 134
using hard disk as 68
virtual memory 68, 134, 151
Memory control panel
older Macintosh programs and 141
turning off Memory Manager with 70
menu bar 21
menus
Apple menu 229–230
Application menu 21, 66, 67
File menu 40
Guide menu 20, 21, 39, 40
opening 21
Special menu 24, 124

messages. See e-mail; error messages
microphone
connecting 50–51
on monitor 10
troubleshooting 142
microprocessor xi
miniplugs for audio equipment 49, 50
modem 86–90
choosing 88–89
connecting 89
connecting to the Internet or online
services with 113–118
external 87
safety precautions for 89
setting up to connect online 90
software bundled with 89
speed of 88
modem cables 89
modem card, internal 87
modem port 44, 45
Modern Memory Manager 70, 141
monitor. See also screen
brightness control on 127
cleaning 187
connecting 8–10
connecting a second monitor 56
electromagnetic emissions from 181
glare on 8
handling 184
headphones connected to 141
microphone in 50
position of 180
power socket for 45
power switch on 14
resolution of 71
speakers in 48
turning on 14–16
volume controls on 48
monitor cable 8, 10
monitor port 44, 45
monitor power cord 8, 9, 10
monitor power cord plug 9
monitor power socket 9

Monitors & Sound control panel 48,
51, 55
monitor sleep 24
mouse
cleaning 188–189
connecting 11
holding 19
locking and unlocking 189–191
moving 19
moving pointer with 19
position of 180
shortcuts using 40–41
troubleshooting connections of
136–137
mouse button 19
mouse cable 11
moving
Macintosh Guide window 31, 38
mouse 19
pointer on screen 19
musculoskeletal discomfort 178

N
Net. See Internet
network 93–111
accessing a sleeping computer over
25
AppleTalk 85, 106–108
backing up files on 69
benefits of 94
configuring network connections
105–111
connecting to 93–111
Ethernet 98–105
FDDI 94
ISDN 94
local area networks (LANs) 93
LocalTalk 96–97
purpose of 93
shared telecommunications equipment
on 86
sharing CD-ROM discs over 84

Index

243

Can’t Find It?
See also Macintosh
Guide’s onscreen index.
Open the Guide (h)

network (contiued)
TCP/IP 108–111
Token Ring 94
types of 94
wide area networks (WANs) 93
network administrator 94, 102, 109
network terminator 97
newsgroups on the Internet 117
numeric keys 228

menu and choose
Macintosh Guide

(or Mac OS Guide);
then click the
Index button.

office arrangement guidelines 179–180
online connections 85–91
online services 85, 87, 114, 115
Open/Close button on CD-ROM drive 76
Open command (File menu), shortcut
for 40
opening
CD-ROM drive 76
computer 198–201
files 40
Macintosh Guide 30
Photo CD images 83
Option key 228, 230

P
password for Zip disks 225
PC disks 132
PC Exchange control panel 139
PC Exchange program 64
PCI card
handling 204
installing 201–207
purpose of 94
PCI card access cover 45
PCI slot 99, 194
Photo CDs 81–84
handling 186
obtaining 83
opening images on 83
resolution and 84

244

Index

troubleshooting 149
PlainTalk microphone, connecting 50–51
PlainTalk program 64
playing
audio CDs 81
stereo sound 46
plugging in the computer 5–7
pointer
frozen on screen 27, 122, 136
moving on screen 19
pointing device. See also mouse
connecting 11
troubleshooting 136
Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) 116
ports
AAUI Ethernet port 104, 105
Apple Desktop Bus (ADB) port 11,
12, 44, 45
coaxial port 102
Ethernet port 101, 103–105
modem port 10, 44, 45
monitor port 10, 44, 45
plugging connectors into 183
printer port 44, 45, 46
SCSI port 44, 45, 57
security lock port 45
sound input port 44, 45, 47, 49, 50
sound output port 44, 45, 47
twisted-pair Ethernet port
(10Base-2) 103
posture guidelines 180
power, connecting 6
power button. See standby power button
power cord
for the computer 6, 7
for the monitor 8–9
power cord plug 7
power cord socket 7
Power key
failure of 27, 124
location of 44
purpose of 228
restarting the computer with 27, 124

turning the computer off with 26
turning the computer on with 14, 27
waking the computer with 16
power-on light 44
PowerPC microprocessor xi
power plug 6
power socket for monitor 45
power strip 7
power supply, safety precautions for 187
power switch
on the computer. See standby power
button
on the monitor 14
PPP. See Point-to-Point Protocol
printer
connecting 46
troubleshooting 128, 153
printer cable 46
printer port 44, 45, 46
printer port icon 46
problems. See troubleshooting
processor xi
programs. See application programs
protocols, Internet 114

Q
question mark icon
as Guide menu indicator 29
blinking at startup 128, 162
QuickDraw 3D program 64, 70–72, 152
quitting applications
forcing to quit 124, 231
shortcut for 231
unexpectedly 134
when problems occur 124

R
radio. See also TV/FM tuner card
interference on viii, 56, 184
listening to on your computer 194
RAM, increasing 68. See also memory

RAM disk 68
RARP server 110
Read Me files 28, 64
rebuilding desktop 125–126, 231
recording sound 46, 50, 142
reflections on screen 8, 180, 181
reinitializing disks 160
reinstalling
CD-ROM software 171–173
system software 162–171
remote control sensor 44
removing
application programs 72–73
computer cover 198–201
DRAM DIMMs 212–213
repairing
computer 123
hard or floppy disks 158–160
repetitive stress injuries 178
replacing internal storage devices
reset button on main logic board
130, 219
resolution 84
Restart command (Special menu)
restarting the computer
after Shut Down 27
forcing the computer to restart
problems restarting 124, 139
using restart to solve problems
Return key 228
right-angle-bracket prompt 142
RJ-45 connector 100
ROM 75

124

231
124

S
“sad Macintosh” icon 129
safety precautions 182–187. See also
health-related information
CD-ROM discs 186
CD-ROM drive ix, 186
connecting equipment 43
electrical hazards, avoiding 7, 182

Index

245

Can’t Find It?
See also Macintosh
Guide’s onscreen index.
Open the Guide (h)
menu and choose
Macintosh Guide
(or Mac OS Guide);
then click the
Index button.

246

Index

safety precautions (continued)
electromagnetic emissions 181
floppy disks 185
general precautions 182
grounding plug 7
handling computer equipment
183–187
modem 89
power supply 187
when to turn off computer and pull the
plug 182
saving energy 15–16, 23–25
scanner 57
scheduling automatic startup and
shutdown 25
screen. See also monitor
basic elements on 21
brightness of 127
cleaning 181
dark 17, 126
glare and reflection on 8, 180, 181
height and distance of 180
increasing screen display space 56
interference on viii, 56, 184
moving pointer on 19
screen saver programs 184
scroll arrows on windows 22
SCSI chain 57–60
cables for 59, 61
connecting devices in 57–62
length of cables in 59
number of devices supported in 59
SCSI ID numbers and 57, 58
terminating 60–61
SCSI devices
connecting 57–61
device drivers for 61
terminators for 60
troubleshooting 131
SCSI icon 57
SCSI ID numbers 57, 58
SCSI peripheral interface cable 59
SCSI port 44, 45, 57

SCSI system cable 59
SCSI terminator 60–61
security lock port 45
server options, setting 25
servers 110, 122
service providers 114, 115
setting up the computer 5–10
connecting monitor 8–10
connecting mouse and keyboard
11–13
plugging in the computer 5–7
turning the computer on for the first
time 14–16
shared libraries 140
sharing CD-ROM discs over a
network 84
Sharing Setup control panel 78, 84
Shift key 228
shortcuts
for Finder tasks 40–41
to force computer to restart 231
to ignore the selected startup device
231
to quit an application 124, 231
to rebuild the desktop 231
to restart the computer 124
to start the Extensions Manager 231
to turn off system extensions 231
Shortcuts command (Guide menu) 40
Show All command
(Application menu) 67
Show Balloons command
(Guide menu) 39
Shut Down command (Special menu)
26–27
Shutdown dialog box 24
Shut Down option (Sleep command) 24
shutting down the computer
automatic shutdown 24, 25
problems with 27
with Shut Down command (Special
menu) 26–27

with Shut Down option (Sleep
command) 24
with the standby power button 27
SimpleText program 63, 82
size box on windows 22
sleep
accessing a sleeping computer over a
network 25
inducing 24
waking from 16, 25
Sleep command (Special menu) 24
Sleep Setup command (Energy Saver
control panel) 24
slots
cache slot 196, 216
communication slot 87, 99, 194, 208
DRAM DIMM slots 196, 213–215
PCI slot 99, 194
video-in slot 194, 202, 207
software. See application programs; CDROM software; system software
sound 46–54. See also audio CDs
adjusting 48
bass sound 49, 52
recording 50, 142
3D Surround Sound 48, 141
troubleshooting 141–142, 148
volume of 48, 148
sound control buttons 48, 54
sound control panel. See Monitors &
Sound control panel
sound input port 44, 45, 47, 49, 50
Sound Out Level slider (Monitors &
Control sound panel) 48
sound output port 44, 45, 47
speakers
built-in 45, 47, 49
connecting 52–54
external 45, 48, 49, 52–54
in monitor 10, 45, 48
special characters and symbols 229–230
special keys 227–228, 231

Special menu
Empty Trash command 22
Restart command 124
Shut Down command 26–27
Sleep command 24
spills
on CD-ROM drive 186
on computer equipment 183
on keyboard 183, 184
standby power button 7, 27, 44, 45
starting up. See also startup disk; turning
computer on
automatic startup 24, 25
from CD-ROM disc 143, 154, 231
from floppy disk 155
from hard disk, problems with 131
troubleshooting 17, 129–131,
138, 162
startup disk
CD-ROM disc as 143, 154, 231
floppy disk as 155
rebuilding desktop of 125–126
troubleshooting 128, 129, 131, 138
static electricity, avoiding while
installing cards 199
stereo miniplug 49, 50
stereo sound 46, 49
stereo speakers, connecting 52–54
storage devices, replacing 62
storing floppy disks 185
subnet mask 109
subwoofer 48, 49, 52
subwoofer balance control
adjusting 49
location of 45
purpose of 48, 54
troubleshooting 141
support 28, 122
“surfing” the World Wide Web 116
switching applications 67
symbols, typing 229–230
system error 122, 124, 135
system extensions. See extensions

Index

247

Can’t Find It?
See also Macintosh
Guide’s onscreen index.
Open the Guide (h)
menu and choose

System Folder
creating 166–169
purpose of 162
system software
applications in 64
installing or reinstalling 162–171
on CD-ROM disc 162
on floppy disk 162
purpose of 162
troubleshooting 128

Macintosh Guide
(or Mac OS Guide);
then click the
Index button.

248

Index

T
Tab key 228
tape drive, backing up files to 69
T-connector 102, 103
TCP/IP 108, 114
TCP/IP control panel
closing 111
getting more information about 111
opening 109
purpose of 105
setting up 108
TCP/IP network 108–111
telecommunications. See e-mail; faxes;
Internet; ISDN line; modem;
network; online services;
telephone; World Wide Web
telecommuting 90
telephone calls, sending and receiving 87
telephone line
choosing and connecting a modem
87–90
connecting the computer to 85–91
connecting through an ISDN line
90–91
equipment required for 86
television. See also TV/FM tuner card
interference on viii, 56, 184
recording broadcasts from 194
watching TV broadcasts on your
computer 194

Telnet software 118
10Base-T (twisted pair) cables 99, 100
10Base-2 (thin or thick coaxial)
cables 99
terminal adapter, ISDN 91
terminating
a network 97
a SCSI chain 60–61
a thin coaxial network 103
testing a disk 157–158
thick coaxial cable 99, 104
thin coaxial cable 99, 102, 103
thin coaxial Ethernet card 102
thin coaxial Ethernet network, connecting
to 102–103
thin coaxial Ethernet terminator 103
thin or thick coaxial cables
(10Base-2) 99
3D acceleration
troubleshooting 151–152
turning off and on 72
using 70–71
3D rendering 151
3D software 70–71
3D Surround Sound 48, 55, 141
time and date, setting 33
title bar on window 22
Token Ring network 94
Tools application 225
Topics button in Macintosh Guide
at the top of the window 32–33
in the lower-left corner of the window
33, 35
Transmission Control Protocol/Internet
Protocol. See TCP/IP
Trash 22, 39
troubleshooting 121–173. See also
Balloon Help; Macintosh Guide
application programs 64, 127, 134,
139–141
audio CDs 148
blinking disk icon appears on
screen 128

bomb icon appears on screen 122,
124, 135
CD-ROM discs 76, 77, 145–147, 154
CD-ROM drive 142–144
clock 127
common problems 126–142
damaged disks 156–160
dark screen 17, 126
diagnosing problems 123
DIMMs 130
disk icon with X appears and floppy
disk is ejected 129
DOS disks 132
DOS documents 139, 140
ejecting floppy disk 133
ejecting Zip disk 224
error messages 122, 123, 124
expansion cards 130
file cannot be found 140
file cannot be opened 139
floppy disk 132–133, 158–160
hard disk 131, 156–161
headphones 141
High Performance Module 130
High Sierra discs 147
icons do not appear correctly on
screen 131
ISO 9660 discs 147
keyboard 138
memory 134
microphone 142
mouse connections 136–137
performance 150
Photo CDs 149
pointer does not move when you move
the mouse 136
Power key does not turn off
computer 124
printer problems 128, 153
question mark icon appears at startup
128, 162
QuickDraw 3D 152

quitting application programs when
problem occurs 124
rebuilding desktop 125–126
recording sound 142
restarting the computer 124, 139
right-angle-bracket-prompt appears on
screen 142
“sad Macintosh” icon appears on
screen 129
SCSI devices 128
shutting down the computer 27
software problems 134–136, 138–139
sound problems 141–142, 148
spills 183, 184
startup disk 129
startup problems 17, 129–131,
138, 162
system error 122, 124, 135
system software problems
128–129, 166
3D acceleration 151–152
turning computer off 27
turning computer on 17
typing on keyboard produces nothing
on screen 137
volume 141, 148
where to find answers 28
turning computer off 26–27
troubleshooting 27, 124
when Shut Down fails 27
with Energy Saver control panel 23
with Power key 26
with Shut Down command 26–27
with standby power button 27, 44
turning computer on
after Shut Down 27
for the first time 14–16
troubleshooting 17
with Power key 14, 26
with standby power button 44
tutorial program 19–20
TV. See television
TV antenna, connecting Macintosh to 45

Index

249

Can’t Find It?
See also Macintosh
Guide’s onscreen index.
Open the Guide (h)

TV/FM tuner card 45, 194
twisted-pair cables 100
twisted-pair Ethernet network,
connecting to 100–101
twisted-pair Ethernet port
(10Base-2) 103
twisted pair (10Base-T) Ethernet card 45
typing special characters and symbols
229–230

menu and choose
Macintosh Guide

(or Mac OS Guide);
then click the
Index button.

unlocking the mouse 190–191
unplugging the computer 7
utilities
custom 166
replacing in new System Folder 169

V
VCCI statement ix
VCR, connecting Macintosh to 45
vibration of CD-ROM disc in drive
76, 77
video camera, connecting Macintosh
to 45
video connector kit 194
video features 55–62, 194
video input card
location of 45
purpose of 194
removing 202
replacing 207
video-in slot 202, 207, 194
virtual memory 68, 134, 151
voltages for different locations 6
voltage switch 5–6
volume. See also sound
adjusting 48, 54
subwoofer volume 49, 54
troubleshooting 141, 148
volume control button 44

250

Index

W, X, Y
waking computer from sleep 16, 25
WANs (wide area networks) 93. See also
network
warranty 122
Web. See World Wide Web
Web pages 88, 116
Web site 116
wide area networks (WANs) 93. See also
network
windows 22. See also Macintosh Guide
window
bringing hidden portions of into
view 22
bringing to the front 22
changing shape of 22
changing size of 22, 38
closing 22
hiding and showing on the desktop 67
moving 22
World Wide Web. See also Internet
browsing 116
downloading data from 88
write protection for Zip disks 225

Z
Zip disk icon 223
Zip disks
capacity of 221
ejecting 223–224
handling 226
inserting 222–223
password for 225
purpose of 222
read/write protection for 225
Zip drive 221–226
ejecting disk from 223–224
inserting disk into 222–223
purpose of 222
zones, AppleTalk 106, 107
zoom box on windows 22, 38



Power Macintosh

User’s Manual
Includes setup, troubleshooting, and important health-related
information for Power Macintosh 6500 series computers

K Apple Computer, Inc.
© 1997 Apple Computer, Inc. All rights reserved.
Under the copyright laws, this manual may not be copied, in whole or in part, without the
written consent of Apple. Your rights to the software are governed by the accompanying
software license agreement.
The Apple logo is a trademark of Apple Computer, Inc., registered in the U.S. and other
countries. Use of the “keyboard” Apple logo (Option-Shift-K) for commercial purposes without
the prior written consent of Apple may constitute trademark infringement and unfair
competition in violation of federal and state laws.
Every effort has been made to ensure that the information in this manual is accurate. Apple is
not responsible for printing or clerical errors.
Apple Computer, Inc.
1 Infinite Loop
Cupertino, CA 95014-2084
408-996-1010
http://www.apple.com
Apple, the Apple logo, AppleCD, AppleScript, Apple SuperDrive, AppleTalk, Chicago,
GeoPort, LaserWriter, LocalTalk, Mac, Macintosh, PlainTalk, Power Macintosh, and
QuickTime are trademarks of Apple Computer, Inc., registered in the U.S. and other countries.
AppleCD, At Ease, Balloon Help, Disk First Aid, Extensions Manager, Finder, Foreign File
Access, Macintosh PC Exchange, and QuickDraw are trademarks of Apple Computer, Inc.
Adobe and PostScript are trademarks of Adobe Systems Incorporated or its subsidiaries and
may be registered in certain jurisdictions.
Helvetica and Times are registered trademarks of Linotype-Hell AG and/or its subsidiaries.
Iomega is a registered trademark, and Zip is a trademark of Iomega Corporation.
NuBus is a trademark of Texas Instruments.
PowerPC and the PowerPC logo are trademarks of International Business Machines
Corporation, used under license therefrom.
SRS and the SRS logo are registered trademarks of SRS Labs, Inc.
Simultaneously published in the United States and Canada.
Other company and product names mentioned herein are trademarks of their respective
companies. Mention of third-party products is for informational purposes only and constitutes
neither an endorsement nor a recommendation. Apple assumes no responsibility with regard to
the performance or use of these products.

Contents

Communications regulation information
Laser Information

viii

Preface Welcome to Power Macintosh

Part I
1 Getting Started

Plugging in the computer
Connecting a monitor

5
8

Connecting the mouse and keyboard
Connecting other equipment

Turning the computer on for the first time
Problems turning on your computer?
What’s next?

Learning the basics
Reviewing the basics

19
21

Saving energy with the Energy Saver control panel
Turning the computer off

Turning the computer on

Where to find answers

iii

2 Getting Help

Getting answers to your questions

Tips for using Macintosh Guide

Identifying what’s on your computer screen
Learning useful shortcuts

3 Expanding Your Computer and Using Its Special Features
Connecting a printer

Using your computer’s sound features
Connecting audio equipment

Using your computer’s video features

Connecting external SCSI devices, such as a scanner or external
hard disk
57
Replacing or adding internal storage devices

4 Installing and Using Application Programs
Installing application programs

Working with several applications at a time
Backing up your files

Using older Macintosh applications
Using special 3D software

Contents

Using Power Macintosh application programs

Removing software

5 Using the Optional Built-in CD-ROM Drive
Inserting a CD-ROM disc

If your CD-ROM disc vibrates in the CD-ROM drive
Ejecting a CD-ROM disc

Copying files from CD-ROM discs

Types of compact discs you can use

Playing audio CDs

Working with Photo CDs

Sharing a CD-ROM disc over a network

6 Connecting Your Computer to a Telephone Line
Types of equipment

Choosing and connecting a modem
Connecting to an ISDN line

7 Connecting Your Computer to a Network
Connecting to a LocalTalk network

Connecting to an Ethernet network

Configuring your network connection

105

8 Using Your Modem to Connect to the Internet
or an Online Service 113
About the Internet and its language

114

Using your modem to connect to an Internet Service Provider
or an online service 114
What you can do on the Internet

116

Contents

Part II
9 Troubleshooting

121

When you have questions
If you have trouble

121

122

Solutions to common problems with your computer
Solutions to CD-ROM problems

142

If your computer’s performance decreases
Troubleshooting 3D Acceleration
Solving printer problems

151

153

Starting up from a CD-ROM disc
Starting up from a floppy disk

154
155

Testing and repairing a damaged disk
Initializing a hard disk

150

156

160

Installing or reinstalling system software

162

Installing or reinstalling CD-ROM software

171

Part III
Appendix A Health, Safety, and Maintenance Tips

177

Health-related information about computer use
Safety instructions

182

Handling your computer equipment
Cleaning your equipment

187

Locking and unlocking the mouse

Contents

183
189

177

126

Appendix B Installing Expansion Cards or Additional Memory
About expansion cards
About memory

193

194

195

Opening the computer

198

Installing an expansion card

201

Installing DIMMs or a High Performance Module (level 2 cache)
Closing the computer

217

Appendix C Using the Optional Built-in Zip Drive
Inserting a Zip disk
Ejecting a Zip disk

223
225

226

Appendix D Special Keys on Your Keyboard
Typing special characters and symbols
Special key combinations

Index

221

222

Using the Tools application
Handling Zip disks

212

227
229

231

233

Contents

vii

Communications regulation information
FCC declaration of conformity
This device complies with part 15 of the FCC rules. Operation is subject to the following two
conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept
any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation. See
instructions if interference to radio or television reception is suspected.

Radio and television interference
The equipment described in this manual generates, uses, and can radiate radio-frequency
energy. If it is not installed and used properly—that is, in strict accordance with Apple’s
instructions—it may cause interference with radio and television reception.
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device
in accordance with the specifications in Part 15 of FCC rules. These specifications are designed
to provide reasonable protection against such interference in a residential installation. However,
there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation.
You can determine whether your computer system is causing interference by turning it off. If
the interference stops, it was probably caused by the computer or one of the peripheral devices.
If your computer system does cause interference to radio or television reception, try to correct
the interference by using one or more of the following measures:
m Turn the television or radio antenna until the interference stops.
m Move the computer to one side or the other of the television or radio.
m Move the computer farther away from the television or radio.
m Plug the computer into an outlet that is on a different circuit from the television or radio.
(That is, make certain the computer and the television or radio are on circuits controlled by
different circuit breakers or fuses.)
If necessary, consult an Apple-authorized service provider or Apple. See the service and support
information that came with your Apple product. Or, consult an experienced radio/television
technician for additional suggestions.
Important Changes or modifications to this product not authorized by Apple Computer, Inc.,

could void the FCC Certification and negate your authority to operate the product.
This product was tested for FCC compliance under conditions that included the use of Apple
peripheral devices and Apple shielded cables and connectors between system components. It is
important that you use Apple peripheral devices and shielded cables and connectors between
system components to reduce the possibility of causing interference to radios, television sets,
and other electronic devices. You can obtain Apple peripheral devices and the proper shielded
cables and connectors through an Apple-authorized dealer. For non-Apple peripheral devices,
contact the manufacturer or dealer for assistance.
Responsible party: Robert Steinfeld, Apple Computer, Inc., 1 Infinite Loop, Cupertino, CA
95014-2084, 408-974-2618.

viii

Communications Regulation Information

Industry Canada statement
This Class B device meets all requirements of the Canadian interference-causing equipment
regulations.
Cet appareil numérique de la Class B respecte toutes les exigences du Règlement sur le matériel
brouilleur du Canada.

VCCI Class 2 statement

Laser information
WARNING Making adjustments or performing procedures other than those specified in your

equipment’s manual may result in hazardous radiation exposure.
WARNING Do not attempt to disassemble the cabinet containing the laser. The laser beam used in

this product is harmful to the eyes. The use of optical instruments, such as magnifying lenses,
with this product increases the potential hazard to your eyes. For your safety, have this
equipment serviced only by an Apple-authorized service provider.
If you have an internal Apple CD-ROM drive in your computer, your computer is a Class 1
laser product. The Class 1 label, located in a user-accessible area, indicates that the drive meets
minimum safety requirements. A service warning label is located in a service-accessible area.
The labels on your product may differ slightly from the ones shown here.

Class 1 label

Service warning label

Communications Regulation Information

Welcome to Power Macintosh

Congratulations on the purchase of your new Macintosh. Your computer is
designed to give you the highest performance combined with real ease of use.
It’s also easy to set up and easy to expand. This book guides you through the
setup procedure, tells you how to expand your Macintosh, and provides many
tips on using your new system.
Your Macintosh computer is powered by the †™ microprocessor (or
“chip”). This microprocessor was designed by Apple Computer, Inc.,
Motorola, Inc., and IBM Corporation. The † microprocessor uses
Reduced Instruction Set Computing (RISC) technology to deliver very high
performance at the lowest possible cost. The † RISC microprocessor
represents the state of the art in microprocessor design.
Your new Macintosh will run almost all of your existing Macintosh software,
but for best performance and greatest speed, look for the new software
programs designed especially for computers that contain the †
microprocessor. You’ll find † microprocessor–compatible programs
(also called “native” applications) at any software store that carries products
for the Macintosh computer.

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Title                           : 0309721APM6500UM

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Apple EarlierPowerMac 0309721APM6500UM User Manual Power Macintosh6500Series User’s

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