Apple EarlierPowerMac 0309721APM6500UM User Manual Power Macintosh6500Series User’s

User Manual: Apple EarlierPowerMac PowerMacintosh6500Series-User’sManual

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part

Chapter 1 Setting Up Your Computer

Chapter 2 Learning to Use Your Computer

Chapter 3 Installing and Using Software

Getting Started

The illustration on the next page shows all the equipment you will need to set

up your computer and begin using it. Place your equipment on a sturdy, flat

surface near a grounded wall outlet. Before following the setup instructions in

this chapter, you may want to read “Arranging Your Office” in Appendix A

(in the section on health-related information) for tips on adjusting your work

furniture so that you’re comfortable when using the computer.

1Getting Started

Follow the instructions in this

chapter to set up your computer

and learn the basics.

Monitor power cord

(sometimes built into the monitor)

Computer power cord

Monitor cable

(sometimes built into the monitor)

Keyboard

Mouse

Keyboard cable

(permanently attached

to the keyboard)

Monitor

(Your monitor may look different from this.)

Macintosh computer

Apple PlainTalk Microphone (optional)

Getting Started

Plugging in the computer

Before you plug your Macintosh into a wall socket, carefully read all the

setup instructions in this chapter. Then, before you connect anything to your

Macintosh, follow the instructions in this section on how to plug it in. The

plug grounds the computer and protects it from electrical damage while you

are setting up.

When you are ready to begin, follow these steps:

1Place the computer where you want it—either on the floor or on a sturdy desk.

If your computer came with a modem, you may want to set your computer

near a phone jack (if possible) so that you can connect your modem later.

2Make sure the voltage switch on the back of the computer is set for the kind of voltage

system you will be connecting to.

The voltage switch must be set correctly to avoid damaging your computer.

If you don’t know the voltage used in the country you’re in, refer to the table

“Voltages for Different Locations” later in this chapter.

Set the switch to show “115” for

voltages less than 135; set it to show

“230” for voltages greater than 180.

(Your computer will not operate

in the 135–179 volt range.)

Before you plug your computer in,

check to see that the voltage

switch on the back is

properly set. If you need

to change the setting,

insert a small screwdriver

here and slide the switch.

Voltages for different locations

For any voltages less than 135 in the chart below, set the voltage switch on the

back of your computer to “115.” Set the switch to show “230” for a voltage

greater than 180.

IMPORTANT

In some countries, you may have one of two voltages. If you’re not

sure which of the two voltages you have, check with your electricity supply

company before plugging in your computer.

Country Voltage

Japan 100

Algeria, Indonesia, Lebanon, Libya, Peru, S. Korea, Vietnam 100 or 220

Ecuador, Jamaica, Philippines, Taiwan 110

Bermuda, Canada, Puerto Rico, United States, Venezuela 120

Colombia, Mexico, Saudi Arabia 127

Brazil 127 or 220

Hong Kong 200

India, South Africa 220–250

Israel, Pakistan, Singapore 230

Australia, Kuwait, Malta, New Zealand, Northern Ireland, 240

Papua New Guinea, Oman, Qatar, United Kingdom

Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, 220–230

Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain,

Sweden, Switzerland

Bahrain, Chile, China (People’s Republic), Czechoslovakia, Egypt, 220

Greenland, Hungary, Iceland, Iran, Jordan, Liechtenstein, Nepal,

Paraguay, Poland, Romania, United Arab Emirates, Russia and the

Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS),Yemen, Yugoslavia

3Plug the socket end of the computer’s power cord into the recessed power plug on the

back of the computer.

6Chapter 1

Getting Started

4Plug the other end of the power cord into a three-hole grounded outlet or power strip.

Make sure at least one end of the power cord is within reach so that when you

need to unplug the computer you can do so easily.

If the computer starts up: If you hear a tone, the computer has started up and

you need to turn it off before proceeding. Press the standby power button (®)

located on the back of the computer to turn it off.

WARNING

This equipment is intended to be electrically grounded. Your

Macintosh is equipped with a three-wire grounding plug—a plug that

has a third (grounding) pin. This plug will fit only a grounded AC outlet.

This is a safety feature. If you are unable to insert the plug into the

outlet, contact a licensed electrician to replace the outlet with a properly

grounded outlet. Do not defeat the purpose of the grounding plug!

Power cord socket Computer power cord

Standby power button

Power cord plug

Connecting a monitor

You can connect many types of monitors to your Macintosh. To connect a

monitor, refer to the instructions that came with it, in addition to the

instructions here.

Connecting the monitor power cord

Monitors have two cords to connect: a monitor power cord and a monitor cable.

To connect the monitor power cord, follow these steps:

1Place the monitor where you’ll be using it.

Keep these considerations in mind:

mAllow 3 or more inches for air circulation around the computer and monitor.

mPosition the monitor with the top of the screen at slightly below eye level

when you sit at the keyboard.

mPosition the monitor to minimize glare and reflections on the screen from

overhead lights and windows.

mConsult “Arranging Your Office” in Appendix A for suggestions on

locating your computer equipment.

2Connect the monitor power cord to the monitor.

On some monitors, the cord is already attached.

8Chapter 1

3Plug in the monitor power cord.

Some monitor power cords are designed to plug into the back of your computer.

Some monitor power cords must be connected to a grounded electrical outlet,

not to the computer. Check the information that came with the monitor.

Monitor power socket Monitor power cord Monitor power cord plug

Getting Started

Connecting the monitor cable

After you plug in the monitor power cord, connect the monitor cable to the

computer’s monitor port.

To connect the monitor cable, follow these steps:

1Attach the monitor cable to the monitor so that it appears as shown in the illustration.

On some monitors, the cable is already attached.

2Attach the monitor cable to the monitor port on the back of the computer so that it

appears as shown in the illustration.

If your monitor has a microphone or speakers, you may need to connect

additional cables. See the documentation that came with the monitor.

™

Monitor port Monitor cable

10 Chapter 1

Getting Started

Connecting the mouse and keyboard

If you have a pointing device other than a mouse, you can connect it

following the instructions in this section. (Note that some devices require that

you install additional software to use them with your computer. For

instructions, see the documentation that came with your device.)

1Plug the mouse cable into the recessed port on the back of the keyboard.

The plug and the port are marked with the V icon (symbol). The positions of

the port and icon on your keyboard may be different from those pictured.

By the way: A port marked with the V icon is called an Apple Desktop Bus

(ADB) port.

This cable plugs into the Apple Desktop Bus (ADB) port,

marked with the

icon, on the back of the computer.

Plug the mouse cable into the recessed port

on the keyboard. The flat part of the plug

should be pointing down, as shown here.

12 Chapter 1

2Plug the keyboard cable into the ADB port marked with the

icon on the back of

the computer.

Some monitors also have a port to which you can connect the keyboard or

mouse. See the information that came with the monitor.

ADB port

Getting Started

3If you want to adjust the keyboard angle, lower the feet on the keyboard.

Connecting other equipment

If you are new to the Macintosh, it’s a good idea to get some experience using

your computer before you connect other equipment, such as a printer or

scanner. To learn basic Macintosh skills, continue with the instructions in

this chapter.

When you’re ready to connect other equipment to your Macintosh, see the

instructions in Chapter 3.

To adjust the keyboard angle, lower the feet until they snap into position.

14 Chapter 1

Turning th e computer on for the first time

To tur n th e computer on for the first time, follow these steps:

1Turn on your monitor.

Note: You may not see the monitor power come on until you turn on the

computer in the next step. Also, larger monitors can take several seconds to

turn on if you have extra DRAM installed in your computer.

See the information that came with your monitor for the location of the power

switch. On newer Apple monitors, the power switch is located on the front of

the unit.

By the way: Depending on the type of monitor you have, you may only need

to turn it on once. Some monitors turn off automatically when you shut

down the computer, and turn on automatically when you start up the

computer. Other monitors have to be turned on separately each time you

turn on the computer.

2Press the Power key (marked with a

) on your keyboard.

You hear a tone from the computer as it starts up.

Getting Started

3Check to see what’s on your screen.

You see a sequence of messages describing what is happening, followed by

the Energy Saver dialog box.

mIf you see a blinking question mark, see “Solutions to Common Problems

With Your Computer” in Chapter 9.

mIf you see anything else on your screen, or if you see nothing at all, see

“Problems Turning On Your Computer?”, next.

mIf you are a beginning Macintosh user, press the Return key on your

keyboard when the Energy Saver dialog box appears.

mIf you’re an experienced Macintosh user, you may want to set your energy-

saving options now. For more information, refer to “Saving Energy With

the Energy Saver Control Panel,” later in this chapter, and to the “Saving

Energy” topic area of Macintosh Guide (or Mac OS Guide), available in the

Guide (h) menu.

mIf, when you press Return, you see the Macintosh desktop (shown here),

your system software is already set up correctly.

Skip now to the section, “What’s Next?”

Note: To save energy, your computer is automatically set to put itself to sleep

if you don’t use it for 30 minutes or more (the computer goes into power-

saving mode and the screen turns black). If this happens while you’re setting

it up, simply press the Power key or any key on the keyboard but Caps Lock

to “wake up” the computer (it may take a few seconds). See “Saving Energy

With the Energy Saver Control Panel” later in this chapter for more

information on setting power-saving options.

16 Chapter 1

Macintosh

desktop

Hard disk

icon

Problems turning on your computer?

If the screen is dark, check these items to see if you can identify

the problem:

mIs the computer plugged into a power source? If it is plugged into a

power strip, is the power strip turned on?

mIs the computer turned on? The power-on light on the front panel

should be on. If it isn’t, press the standby power button (marked with

the symbol ®) on the back of the computer.

mAre the keyboard and mouse cables connected correctly? (Don’t

disconnect the keyboard or mouse cable while the computer is on.

You could damage your equipment.)

mIs the monitor power cord plugged in?

mIs the monitor turned on? (Check the power-on light on the front of

the monitor.)

mIs the monitor cable—the one connected to the monitor video port

(™) on your computer—attached firmly to both the monitor and

computer?

mIs the brightness control on the monitor adjusted correctly? (On most

monitors, the brightness control is marked with the symbol ¤.)

If you see a blinking question mark on the screen, turn to “Solutions to

Common Problems With Your Computer” in Chapter 9.

Getting Started

18 Chapter 1

What’s next?

Congratulations! You’ve finished setting up your computer. Now continue

with one of the following steps:

mIf you are new to the Macintosh, see the next section, “Learning the Basics.”

mIf you are an experienced Macintosh user, turn to Chapter 2, “Getting

Help,” to learn about onscreen help (called “Macintosh Guide” or “Mac OS

Guide”). Or choose Macintosh Guide (or Mac OS Guide) from the Guide

menu (h) in the upper-right corner of your screen and explore it yourself.

mIf you want to connect other equipment, such as a printer, to your computer,

see Chapter 3, “Expanding Your Computer and Using Its Special Features.”

mIf you want to install application software on your computer, see

Chapter 4, “Installing and Using Application Programs.” The chapter

contains information on setting up your programs and managing memory.

Yo u’ ll need this information to properly set up any programs specifically

designed for computers with PowerPC microprocessors.

mIf you want to turn off your computer, see “Turning the Computer Off”

later in this chapter.

IMPORTANT

If you need to turn off your computer at any point, please see

“Turning the Computer Off” later in this chapter. It is very important to use

the correct procedure for shutting down your Macintosh before turning it off.

Before you begin working with your computer, be sure to read the important

health and safety information in Appendix A.

What you can’t find in this manual you can

find in Macintosh Guide (or Mac OS Guide),

your main source of information when working

with your computer.

Getting Started

Learning the basics

If you are new to the Macintosh, you should begin by looking at the

easy-to-use program called the Macintosh Tutorial. The tutorial teaches you

the basic skills you need to use your computer. To start the tutorial, follow

these steps:

1Slide your mouse along your mouse pad or desk.

Hold the mouse as shown, with the cable pointing away from you. Rest the

heel of your palm on the desk and grasp the sides of the mouse between your

thumb and fingers. Use your wrist and fingers to slide the mouse around with

the index finger resting on the mouse button. Don’t press the mouse button

(under your index finger). Notice that the arrow (8) on the screen moves in

the same direction that you move the mouse.

If the arrow doesn’t move, make sure that the cables connecting the mouse

and keyboard are secure and that your mouse is positioned as shown in the

illustration.

2Move the tip of the arrow (

) to the question mark (

) in the upper-right portion of

the screen.

If you run out of room on your mouse pad or desk while moving the mouse,

pick up the mouse and place it where there’s more room. (The arrow on the

screen moves only when the mouse is in contact with the mouse pad or desk.)

Mouse button

20 Chapter 1

3With the tip of the arrow on the question mark, press and hold down the mouse button.

A list of choices (called a menu) appears. This is the Guide (h) menu, which

is the place to go when you have a question about how to use your computer.

4While holding down the mouse button, move the arrow until the words “Macintosh

Tutorial” are highlighted, then release the button.

A window appears welcoming you to the tutorial. You can set this book aside

for now and follow the instructions on the screen. When you have completed

the tutorial, return to this book.

Getting Started

Reviewing the basics

Use the following illustrations to review the elements on your screen with

which you work on your computer.

Menus

The strip across the top of the screen is called the menu bar. The symbols and

words in it represent “menus” (lists) of commands. To open a menu, place the

pointer on the symbol or word for the menu and press the mouse button.

Window

Icons

Application menu

You can have several

applications open at

once. To see which

application is active

or to switch from one

application to another,

use this menu.

Guide menu

To find an answer to a question,

look in the Guide (

) menu.

Icons

Icons are small pictures that represent disks, programs, documents, and

folders. You can double-click any icon to open it and see what it contains.

This icon represents your computer’s internal hard disk.

Icons like this one represent application programs, which you use to create

documents and do other work.

Icons like this one represent documents, which you can create and edit.

Icons like this represent folders. A folder contains other icons.

To throw away an item you no longer want, drag it to the Trash icon and choose

Empty Trash from the Special menu.

Windows

Windows are boxes that display text, graphics, and icons. To change the shape

or position of a window, or to close the window, use the elements shown here.

22 Chapter 1

Scroll arrow

To bring hidden portions of a window’s

contents into view, click one of the four

scroll arrows.

Close box

To close a window,

click the close box.

Title bar

To move a window, drag it by the middle of the title bar

(anywhere in the bar except the small boxes on the ends).

To bring a partially

covered window

to the front, click

anywhere in it.

Zoom box

To make the window bigger, click

once here. Click again to return the

window to its original size.

Size box

To change the shape or size of a

window, drag the size box.

Getting Started

Saving energy with the Energy Saver control panel

When you save energy, you save natural resources and reduce pollution. Your

Power Macintosh contains features that automatically save energy. You can

increase the energy savings by using the Energy Saver control panel to turn

your computer off if you won’t be using it for a while—for example, overnight

or over the weekend.

The Energy Saver dialog box (shown in step 3 of “Turning the Computer On

for the First Time” earlier in this chapter) appears every time you start your

computer until you open the Energy Saver control panel. Once you open the

control panel, you can keep the preset options shown there, or set your own

energy-saving options. If you do not want to set your energy-saving options

when the Energy Saver dialog box is displayed, you can click Close Message

or press Return (the Energy Saver dialog box continues to appear when you

start your computer).

Setting energy-saving options

You can get to the Energy Saver control panel by clicking Specify Settings in

the Energy Saver dialog box that appears when you start your computer or by

choosing Control Panels in the Apple (K) menu.

The Energy Saver control panel displays the options you can accept or

change, as described next in this section. For more information on using the

Energy Saver control panel, see the “Saving Energy” topic area of Macintosh

Guide (or Mac OS Guide), available in the Guide (h) menu.

24 Chapter 1

Putting your computer to sleep

Your Power Macintosh is preset to put itself to sleep after 30 minutes of

inactivity. When your computer goes to sleep, the screen enters a low-power

mode in which it dims and the hard disk stops spinning but remains ready to

start back up quickly. (To prevent your computer from overheating, the fan

will continue to spin.) If the computer goes to sleep while you have unsaved

information on screen, you do not lose any of the information.

To put your computer to sleep right away, choose the Sleep command from

the Special menu, or press the Power key on the keyboard to bring up the

Shutdown dialog box pictured below.

You can set sleep options by clicking Sleep Setup in the Energy Saver control

panel, available under Control Panels in the Apple (K) menu. You click to put

an X in a checkbox to indicate that the option is selected. If you want to

deselect it, click to remove the X.

Click here to put your computer

to sleep now.

Click here to see options for

automatic startup and shutdown.

Drag the slider to set the time

to wait before sleeping.

An X here makes

the computer shut

down instead of

going to sleep.

An X here lets you set

separate timing for

monitor sleep.

An X here lets you set

separate timing for

hard disk sleep.

Getting Started

Waking your computer from sleep

To wake th e co mputer from sleep, press any key on the keyboard except Caps

Lock. (It may take a moment or two for the computer to awaken.) The

documents and application programs you had open when the computer went

into sleep are still open and unsaved changes are preserved.

Accessing a sleeping computer over a network

If your computer is being used as a server, other users can still access it over

a network while it is asleep if you set server options that prevent the hard disk

from going to sleep. (You can set server options using the Preferences menu

when the Energy Saver control panel is displayed.) The network connection

does not have to be established before the computer goes to sleep. However, if

you’ve chosen to have your computer shut itself down rather than go to sleep,

other users will not be able to access it over a network after the computer

shuts itself down.

Scheduling automatic startup and shutdown

You can set your computer to start up and shut down at specified times using

the Energy Saver control panel. An X in a checkbox means the option is

selected. If you want to deselect it, click to remove the X. If there’s an unsaved

document open on your desktop when the scheduled shutdown time occurs, it

is saved automatically in a folder on your startup disk. The folder is named

with the date and time of the shutdown.

Click here to set your

computer to start up

automatically. (Use

the pop-up menu and

text box to choose

frequency and time.)

Click here to set your computer

to shut down automatically.

To see sleep options,

you click here.

26 Chapter 1

Turning th e computer off

You can turn the computer off either by using the Power key on the keyboard

or by choosing Shut Down from the Special menu.

Note: If it is open, the tray on your CD-ROM drive automatically closes when

you shut down your computer. If you have left a CD-ROM disc in the tray,

you may want to open the tray and take the disc out before shutting down.

Using the Power key

To tur n th e co mputer off using the Power key on the keyboard, follow

these instructions:

1If the computer is in sleep mode (the monitor is on but the screen is dark), press any key

except Caps Lock to wake it.

2Press and hold down the Power key on the keyboard for about 2 seconds.

The following dialog box appears on the screen:

3Press the Return key on the keyboard (or click the Shut Down button in the dialog box).

Using the Shut Down command

To turn the computer off by choosing Shut Down from the Special menu,

follow these instructions:

1Move the tip of the arrow (

) to the Special menu at the top of the screen.

2With the tip of the arrow on the word “Special,” press and hold down the mouse button.

3While holding down the mouse button, move the arrow down the list of choices until the

words Shut Down are highlighted, then release the mouse button.

If you can’t shut down your computer

If a problem with the computer prevents you from using the Power key on

the keyboard or choosing Shut Down—for example, if the computer “freezes”

so that the pointer does not respond to the mouse—you can turn off the

computer by pressing the standby power button (®) on the back of

the computer.

IMPORTANT

You could lose unsaved work if you use the standby power

button on the back of the computer to turn it off. Only use the standby

power button when there is a problem that prevents the computer from being

turned off with the Power key on the keyboard or the Shut Down command.

To make sure your work is saved, use the Power key on the keyboard or the

Shut Down command.

Turning th e computer on

To tur n on the computer after you’ve shut it down (either by pressing the

Power key on the keyboard or by choosing Shut Down from the Special menu):

Press the Power key (marked with a

π)

on the keyboard.

Note: Your monitor may have to be turned on separately each time you turn

on the computer. If you have trouble turning on your computer, see the

section “Problems Turning On Your Computer?” earlier in this chapter.

Getting Started

Where to find answers

When you have questions about using your Macintosh, there are several

places where you can look for answers.

In the Guide menu

The Guide menu (marked with the

icon) is your main source of

information about the Macintosh. To learn how to get several kinds

of help from the Guide menu, see Chapter 2 in this book.

In this book

Use this book to help you set up your computer and learn about it,

or to find solutions to problems with your equipment.

In other manuals

Some of the programs that came installed on your computer have

separate manuals, either in the box with your computer or stored on

your computer’s hard disk.

From Read Me files

The Apple Extras folder (in your System Folder) on your hard disk

contains a SimpleText document, called About Apple Extras, with

important information about some of the application programs

included with your computer. Similar files called Read Me files can

be found inside application folders.

From Apple’s customer support hotline

If you can’t find an answer in any of the materials provided, call the

customer support hotline. The phone number for the hotline is in the

service and support information that came with your computer.

Note:

If you have problems with an application program not

published by Apple, call the program’s publisher.

User’s Manual

Power Macintosh

28 Chapter 1

2Getting Help

The Guide menu contains online help and information and is your main

source of information when working with your computer. The menu is

identified by a question mark (h) in the upper-right corner of the screen.

Use the instructions in this

chapter to learn about the help

available to you in the Guide menu.

Getting answers to your questions

When you have a question while working with your computer, you can get the

answer by choosing Macintosh Guide from the Guide menu.

Note: In some versions of system software, Macintosh Guide is called

Mac OS Guide. All information in this chapter also applies to Mac OS guide.

1Open the Application menu (in the upper-right corner of the screen) and choose Finder

to make it the active application program.

A checkmark appears beside the Finder command, indicating that the Finder

is the active program.

2Open the Guide menu (marked with the

icon) and choose Macintosh Guide (or Mac OS

Guide, if your computer has this).

30 Chapter 2

The Macintosh Guide window appears.

Whenever you use Macintosh Guide, its window remains in front of other

windows. If the window gets in your way, you can move it by dragging its

title bar (the gray bar across the top of the window).

3Notice the three buttons at the top of the window: Topics, Index, and Look For.

Macintosh Guide gives you three ways of finding information:

Topics

lets you choose from a list of general subjects; it is like the table of

contents in a book.

Index

lets you choose from an alphabetical list of more specific subjects; it

is like the index in a book.

Look For

lets you search for information related to a specific word or

phrase that you type.

In the following sections you will practice using each method.

If you have problems while using Macintosh Guide, see “Tips for Using

Macintosh Guide” later in this chapter.

Getting Help

Getting answers with the Topics button

1In the Macintosh Guide window, click the Topics button.

A list of general topic areas appears on the left side of the Macintosh Guide

window. (Depending on the hardware and software you have, the list of topic

areas may look different.)

2In the list of topics, click “Customizing Your Computer.”

When you click any topic area, a list of related phrases and questions appears

on the right side of the Macintosh Guide window.

32 Chapter 2

To get instructions,

you click a phrase or

question…

…and then click OK.

3Click the question “How do I set the time and date?” and then click OK. Or double-click

the question.

A small window appears with instructions for you to follow.

4Read and follow the instructions in this window.

Macintosh Guide provides step-by-step instructions to answer the question

you selected. When you have completed each step, click the right arrow in the

lower-right corner to see the next step.

5When you have completed all the steps, click the Topics button in the lower-left corner to

return to the main Macintosh Guide window.

Now continue with the next section.

Getting Help

To see the next step (if there is one),

you click here.

If you want to

return to the main

Macintosh Guide

window, you click

this button.

Getting answers with the Index button

1In the Macintosh Guide window, click the Index button.

An alphabetical list of index terms appears on the left side of the window.

2Scroll through the alphabetical list until the term “background pattern” is visible.

You can scroll through the list either by dragging the slider to the letter Bor

by using the scroll bar at the right of the list.

3Click the term “background pattern” in the alphabetical list.

When you click any index term, a list of related phrases and questions

appears on the right side of the Macintosh Guide window.

34 Chapter 2

To get instructions,

you click a phrase or

question…

…and then click OK.

Scroll bar

Slider

4Click the question “How do I change the background pattern?” and then click OK.

Or double-click the question.

A small window appears with instructions for you to follow.

5Read and follow the instructions in the window.

Macintosh Guide provides step-by-step instructions to answer the question

you selected. When you have completed each step, click the right arrow in the

lower-right corner to see the next step.

6When you have completed all the steps, click the Topics button in the lower-left corner to

return to the main Macintosh Guide window.

Now continue with the next section.

Getting Help

To see the next step (if there is one),

you click here.

If you want to

return to the main

Macintosh Guide

window, you click

this button.

Getting answers with the Look For button

1In the Macintosh Guide window, click the Look For button.

A small box where you can type text appears on the left side of the window.

2Click the arrow button to activate the text box.

3Type “trash” in the text box, then click Search.

When you click Search, a list of phrases and questions related to the word or

phrase you typed appears on the right side of the Macintosh Guide window.

36 Chapter 2

To get instructions, you click a

phrase or question…

…and then click OK.

To activate the text

box, you click here.

You type a word or

phrase in the text

box…

…and then click here.

Getting Help

4Click the question “How do I turn off the Empty Trash warning?” and then click OK. Or

double-click the question.

A small window appears with instructions for you to follow.

5Read and follow the instructions in the window.

Macintosh Guide provides step-by-step instructions to answer the question

you selected. When you have completed each step, click the right arrow in the

lower-right corner to see the next step.

6When you have completed all the steps, click the close box in the upper-left corner to

close Macintosh Guide.

If you want to close

Macintosh Guide,

you click here.

To see the next step (if there is one),

you click here.

Tips for using Macintosh Guide

Here are a few tips for using Macintosh Guide effectively:

mMacintosh Guide is available only when you are in the Finder—the

program that displays the desktop area where you can see the icons of

disks, folders, and files. (Other programs may also have help available

in the Guide menu, however.) If you don’t see Macintosh Guide in the

Guide menu, pull down the Application menu (to the right of the

Guide menu) and choose Finder.

mFollow the steps when you’re instructed to; don’t skip ahead or read

ahead. That way the computer can check to make sure you’ve done a

step correctly.

mUnlike most windows, the Macintosh Guide window stays in front of

other windows on the screen so that your instructions are never

covered. If you need to move the Guide window out of the way, drag

it by the title bar at the top of the window.

You can also move the window out of the way by clicking the zoom

box in the upper-right corner of the window. Click the box once to

shrink the window; click it a second time to expand the window to its

original size.

mIf you need more information about an instruction or a term, click the

button labeled “Huh?” to get a further explanation. (The “Huh?”

button is dimmed when no additional information is available.)

mIf you want to return to the main Macintosh Guide window, click the

Top i c s button in the lower-left corner of the Guide window.

mWhen you’re finished using Macintosh Guide, click the close box in

the upper-left corner of the window.

38 Chapter 2

Zoom box

Right arrow

Topics button “Huh?” button

Close box

Title bar

Identifying what’s on your computer screen

Sometimes you’ll see an unfamiliar item on the screen and ask yourself,

“What’s that?” You can get an answer by using a Macintosh feature known as

Balloon Help.

Using balloons like those you see in comic strips, Balloon Help explains the

function of icons, menus, commands, and other items on the Macintosh screen.

Follow these steps to use Balloon Help:

1Open the Guide menu (marked with the

icon) and choose Show Balloons.

2With your mouse, move the pointer to any object on the screen that you want to identify.

A balloon appears next to the object. In the following illustration, for example,

pointing to the Trash displays a balloon that explains how to use the Trash.

Although balloons appear next to items when you point to them, the way you

work does not change; you can still select icons, choose commands, and so on.

3When you’re finished using Balloon Help, open the Guide menu again and choose

Hide Balloons.

Getting Help

Learning useful shortcuts

You can perform many tasks in the Finder more quickly if you use keyboard

or mouse shortcuts. For example, instead of clicking an icon and choosing

Open from the File menu, you can simply double-click the icon to open it.

Follow these steps to learn keyboard and mouse shortcuts:

1Open the Guide menu (marked with the

icon) and choose Shortcuts.

The main Macintosh Shortcuts window appears.

2Click one of the category buttons.

Another window appears, describing shortcuts for that category.

40 Chapter 2

If you want to

close the window,

you click here.

To see the next window (if there is one),

you click here.

To return to the main

Macintosh Shortcuts

window for more

categories, you click

the Topics button.

3Read about the shortcuts available for the category you selected.

Click the right arrow in the lower-right corner of the window to see the next

window (if there is one).

4When you finish reading about the shortcuts for your category, click the Topics button

in the lower-left corner to return to the main Macintosh Shortcuts window. Or click the

close box in the upper-left corner to close the window.

Getting Help

The illustrations on the next pages show the basic computer system you now

have. So that you can expand your system’s capabilities, your computer has

both external ports and internal slots in which you can install or attach

additional hardware. Depending on the options your computer came with and

the items you install later, you may be able to attach a printer; audio

equipment such as a microphone, speakers, or headphones; video equipment

such as a second monitor, TV, or VCR; a scanner; or an external hard disk.

Items that go inside the computer can increase its capabilities and

performance. Among these items are additional dynamic random-access

memory (DRAM) in Dual Inline Memory Modules (DIMMs); a High

Performance Module (level 2 cache); and different kinds of expansion cards,

such as PCI (peripheral component interconnect) and Ethernet cards.

Instructions for installing these internal items are provided in Appendix B,

“Installing Expansion Cards or Additional Memory.” (Depending on your

computer model, some of these items may already be installed.)

WARNING

Before you connect any equipment to your computer, make sure

that your computer is plugged in (in order to ground the computer) and

turned off. If you connect equipment with the computer turned on, you

can damage your computer and your equipment. Also, each device you

add should be compatible with your computer and must not exceed the

maximum power allowance for that device. For more information consult

an Apple-authorized dealer, the manufacturer of the equipment you add,

or the Te c h n i c a l In fo r m a t i o n booklet that came with your computer.

3Expanding Your Computer

and Using Its Special Features

Read this chapter for information

on connecting additional equipment to your

computer and using your computer’s special

features (such as sound capabilities).

Ports and connectors on the back of your computer

Standby power button

Turns your computer on or off when you can’t use the Power

key on the keyboard or the Shut Down command.

Monitor port

™

Connects your monitor to your Macintosh.

Apple Desktop Bus

Connects your Macintosh to an input device, such as a

(ADB) port keyboard or a trackball.

Printer port

[

Connects your Macintosh to a printer, LocalTalk network, or

GeoPort device.

External modem port

Connects an external modem or GeoPort Telecom Adapter adapter to

your Macintosh. (

Note:

If your computer came with an internal modem,

this port is covered. Don’t remove the cover or connect anything

to this port if you have an internal modem.)

SCSI port

Connects your Macintosh to SCSI equipment, such as

external hard disk drives and scanners.

Sound input port

≈

Connects your Macintosh to another audio source, such as a

microphone, compact disc, or audio cassette player.

Sound output port

Connects your Macintosh to sound output equipment, such as

externally powered (amplified) speakers.

Monitor

Keyboard Mouse

CD-ROM drive Open/Close buttonCD-ROM drive (optional)

Floppy disk drive

Expansion bay

Behind the front panel

there is an expansion

bay for an optional

5.25-inch storage device

(1.7 inches high).

Your computer may have

come with an optional

Zip drive installed in this

bay as shown here.

Internal hard

disk drive

Power-on light

A green light indicates

that the computer is on.

Power key

Use this key

to turn your

computer on

and off.

Volume

control button

Use this button to

change the volume of

the computer’s sound.

Remote control sensor

Headphone

jack

44 Chapter 3

TV/FM tuner card Connects your Macintosh to an external TV antenna or cable

(optional) TV service and FM radio antenna. To install one, purchase

the Apple TV/FM Radio System or the Apple TV System.

Subwoofer balance

Adjusts subwoofer balance in relation to external speakers,

control if external speakers (including a monitor with built-in speakers)

are attached. (If external speakers are not attached, the

balance control does not affect the subwoofer volume.)

Video input card Connects your Macintosh to a video camera, VCR, or other

(optional) video input equipment. If you want to install a video input

card, purchase the Apple Video System.

PCI card access covers (2) Cover ports for optional 6.88-inch peripheral component

interconnect (PCI) slot expansion cards (such as a video-

editing card).

Communication card Covers port for optional communication card or modem. Most

access cover models of your computer come with a twisted pair (10Base-T)

Ethernet card installed in this space.

Security lock port

Lets you to attach a security lock to your Macintosh. See your

computer products retailer for security lock devices that work

with your computer.

Monitor power socket

Standby power button

SCSI port

External modem port

Printer port

Sound output port

Apple Desktop Bus

(ADB) port

Sound input port

Power socket

Security lock port

≤

≈

-F

Monitor port Subwoofer balance control

™

[

PCI card access covers (2)

Video input card (optional)

TV/FM tuner card (optional)

Communication card

(optional)

Expanding Your Computer and Using its Special Features

Connecting a printer

Your computer has a printer port, which you use to connect a printer to your

computer. Follow the instructions that came with your printer when

connecting it to your computer.

Although you normally attach the cable that came with your printer to the

printer port instead, you can attach the printer cable to your modem port if

you already have a printer attached to your printer port.

Even if you have only one printer connected, you need to specify in the

Chooser which port you used to connect your printer and choose the printer

you want to use. For instructions on choosing a printer (including specifying

the port to which it’s connected), open the Guide (h) menu and choose

Macintosh Guide (or Mac OS Guide). Then, click the Guide’s Index button,

and choose “printing” from the Guide’s index.

Using your computer’s sound features

Your Macintosh can play and record stereo sound from a variety of sources.

By connecting audio equipment to the sound input and output ports on the

computer, you can listen to or reproduce stereo sound. If it has an internal

CD-ROM drive, your computer can also play and record sound from audio

compact discs (CDs). For information on using Macintosh system software

to choose audio input and output options, record an alert sound, or play

audio CDs, see the “Sound” topic area of Macintosh Guide (or Mac OS

Guide), available in the Guide (h) menu.

Printer port icon

Printer port

46 Chapter 3

About your computer’s sound ports and features

The Sound input port is marked with an icon of a microphone (≈). The

Sound output port is marked with an icon of a speaker (-). Your computer’s

built-in speaker functions as a subwoofer (a loudspeaker that delivers enhanced

bass sound) when external speakers or a monitor with built-in speakers is

attached. For more information on the subwoofer, see “Using the Built-in

Subwoofer” later in this section. For more information on the sound input

and sound output ports, see the section “Connecting Audio Equipment.”

Subwoofer balance control Volume control button

Headphone jackInternal speaker

(functions as a subwoofer when

external speakers or a monitor

with built-in speakers is attached)

Sound input port

Sound output port

Expanding Your Computer and Using Its Special Features

Adjusting volume and sound

There are several ways to adjust the volume on your computer:

mUse the volume control button on the front of the computer (marked with

the -icon, above the power-on light).

mUse the volume controls on the front of your monitor if your monitor

comes with them.

mUse the volume control slider in the AppleCD Audio Player program if you

are playing an audio CD. The AppleCD Audio Player can be found in the

Apple (K) menu.

mUse the volume control sliders in the Monitors & Sound control panel,

which is in the Control Panels folder in the Apple (K) menu. See the

“Sound” topic area of Macintosh Guide (or Mac OS Guide), available in

the Guide (h) menu for more information about using Macintosh system

software to control sound.

Tip: You may prefer to set the Sound Out Level slider in the Monitors &

Sound control panel to the middle of the slider bar. This makes it easier for

you to gauge the adjustments you make with other volume controls.

For more information about sound, see the “Sound” topic area of Macintosh

Guide (or Mac OS Guide), available in the Guide (h) menu.

Listening with 3D Surround Sound

The 3D Surround Sound technology broadens the sound you hear if

you attach external speakers or if your monitor has built-in speakers. 3D

Surround Sound makes the speakers sound as if they are set wider apart, and

you can hear many “points” of sound around you. (3D Surround Sound may

not work through headphones. To turn off 3D Surround Sound, click to

remove the X in the checkbox next to “Enabled” in the Monitors & Sound

control panel.)

Using a monitor with built-in speakers

If you have a monitor with built-in speakers, you can adjust the amount of

bass sound you hear coming from the computer’s subwoofer by adjusting the

subwoofer balance control (Ï) on the back of your computer.

48 Chapter 3

Using the built-in subwoofer

Your computer comes with a built-in speaker that produces full-range,

monophonic sound. When you attach external speakers, the computer’s built-

in speaker changes mode and functions as a subwoofer, adding bass sound to

augment the speakers’ stereo sound.

You adjust your computer’s volume with the volume controls on the front of

the computer or with the Monitors & Sound control panel in the computer’s

software. (For more information, see “Adjusting Volume and Sound” earlier in

this chapter.) However, when you attach external speakers (or if your monitor

has built-in speakers), you adjust the subwoofer volume independently of the

speaker volume. You do this by adjusting the subwoofer balance control (Ï)

on the back of the computer. (The subwoofer balance control affects the

subwoofer volume only when external speakers are attached.)

Connecting audio equipment

To play or record sound with your Macintosh, you can attach a microphone,

an amplifier, a tape recorder, or a pair of speakers.

You need a cable with one of the 3.5 mm audio connectors shown below to

connect a microphone or other equipment to your computer’s sound input

port (≈). You need a cable with a stereo miniplug to connect speakers or other

equipment to the sound output port (-).

Extended miniplug

(plugs into sound input port)

Stereo miniplug

(plugs into sound input port

or sound output port)

Expanding Your Computer and Using Its Special Features

The stereo miniplug most often comes with stereo equipment such as external

speakers. The extended miniplug, which is slightly longer, comes with voice

quality microphones such as the Apple PlainTalk Microphone. The extended

miniplug works only in your computer’s sound input port (≈). If your

equipment has a type of connector that’s different from those shown here, you

can purchase an adapter at an electronics supply store.

Connecting the Apple PlainTalk microphone

Your computer has a sound input port (≈), which you can use to connect an

Apple PlainTalk Microphone. The Apple PlainTalk Microphone is included

with some computer models. If your computer did not include an Apple

PlainTalk Microphone, you can purchase one at an Apple-authorized dealer.

You cannot connect non-Apple microphones.

Note: The sound input port does not support the Apple Omni microphone

(the round microphone shipped with some earlier models of Macintosh) or

the attenuated RCA adapter provided with some models of Macintosh.

To connect and position the external microphone, and then tell the computer

to receive its input, follow the steps below.

Note: If you want to record sound using a microphone built into a monitor,

see the “Sound” topic area of Macintosh Guide (or Mac OS Guide), available

in the Guide (h) menu. Then select the question, “How do I record or

remove a sound?”

Apple PlainTalk Microphone

50 Chapter 3

1Shut down your computer.

2Plug the microphone’s connector into the (

≈

) on the back of the computer.

3Place the microphone at the top center of the monitor, so that the microphone’s

Apple (

) icon is facing you.

If you can’t place it on top of the monitor, position the microphone according

to these guidelines:

mThe microphone should be between 1 and 3 feet away from you.

mThe microphone should be directly in front of you to minimize the

effect of background noises.

4Turn on the computer.

5Open the Monitors & Sound control panel in the Apple (

) menu and click the

Sound button to display the sound controls.

6Open the Sound Input pop-up menu and choose “External Microphone.”

7Click the close box in the upper-left corner of the Monitors & Sound control panel to

close it. (The control panel does not have to remain open while you’re recording.)

Yo u’re now ready to begin using your microphone.

See the “Sound” topic area of Macintosh Guide (or Mac OS Guide), available

in the Guide (h) menu, for instructions on recording.

Expanding Your Computer and Using Its Special Features

Connecting external stereo speakers

You can take advantage of your computer’s stereo sound output by attaching

externally powered (amplified) speakers. When you attach external speakers,

the speaker in your computer changes mode and functions as a subwoofer.

The subwoofer produces bass sound to complement the stereo sound coming

from the speakers.

Subwoofer (internal)

Externally powered speakers

52 Chapter 3

1Assemble the speakers and the cable you need.

You need a cable with a stereo miniplug at one end to connect one or both

speakers to the computer.

Some speakers require a dual-plug adapter, which has two plugs on its end, to

plug into Audio In ports on both speakers. Others, like those shown in the

next illustration, take a single stereo miniplug and are joined by standard

speaker wires. See the documentation that came with your speakers for more

information.

2Turn off the computer.

3Plug the end of the cable with the stereo miniplug into the Sound output port (

) on

the computer.

4Plug the other end of the cable into the speakers’ Audio In port or ports.

5Connect the speakers together with speaker wires, if necessary.

Your finished connections should look something like this:

Audio In port

Sound

output port

Subwoofer

balance control

Externally

powered

speakers

Stereo miniplug

Expanding Your Computer and Using Its Special Features

6Turn on the computer.

Now you’re ready to hear full-range stereo sound coming from the speakers

and bass sound coming from the computer’s internal subwoofer.

To adjust the overall volume, use the sound control buttons on the front of

the computer or use the Monitors & Sound control panel, which uses

software inside your computer to adjust volume. (For more information, see

“Adjusting Volume and Sound” in the previous section, “Using Your

Computer’s Sound Features.”)

To adj us t t h e subwoofer volume independently of the speaker volume, use the

subwoofer balance control (Ï) on the back of the computer. (The subwoofer

balance control works only when external speakers or a monitor with built-in

speakers is attached.)

For more information about using speakers attached to your computer, see

the “Sound” topic area of Macintosh Guide (or Mac OS Guide), available in

the Guide (h) menu.

Subwoofer balance control

54 Chapter 3

Connecting headphones

You can connect headphones to either the headphone jack (f) on the front

of the computer, to external speakers, or to your monitor if it has a

headphone jack.

Note: To listen through headphones connected to external speakers, you

should turn off 3D Surround Sound. To turn off 3D Surround Sound,

open the Monitors & Sound control panel in the Control Panels folder in the

Apple (K) menu and click the checkbox to remove the X next to “Enabled.”

Also, if you have connected your headphones to the monitor and notice that

the sound quality isn’t high, you should either turn off 3D Surround Sound or

get updated monitor software from the monitor’s manufacturer.

For more information on listening with headphones, see the “Sound” topic area

of Macintosh Guide (or Mac OS Guide), available in the Guide (h) menu.

Using your computer’s video features

Depending on the options that came with it (or options you install later), you

can use your computer to display the computer’s images on a second monitor

or television. You may also be able to display, edit, and store video images from

a video camera, video cassette recorder (VCR), or other video input equipment.

The next section describes how to connect a second monitor to your computer

to increase screen space. For information about connecting video input

equipment such as cameras or VCRs, refer to the manuals that came with

your video input card (for example, the Apple Video System manual) and

with your video equipment.

Expanding Your Computer and Using Its Special Features

Connecting a second monitor to increase display space

If one monitor doesn’t provide enough screen space, you can install a PCI

expansion card that provides a port for connecting a second monitor. The

second monitor gives you a larger continuous desktop area to display windows

and other items.

To connect a second monitor, purchase a video card and install it in the

computer’s PCI expansion slot, or have an Apple dealer install it for you. (If

you are installing the expansion card yourself, follow the instructions that

came with the card and the instructions in Appendix B of this manual.) Then

plug the second monitor into the port provided by the card.

When you connect an additional monitor, make sure that the ventilation

openings on the computer and the monitors are clear and unobstructed.

If there is interference on your screens or on a television or radio near

your computer, separate or reposition the affected equipment. You may

need to move the two monitors further apart so that they don’t interfere

with each other.

For additional instructions on using two monitors together, choose Macintosh

Guide (or Mac OS Guide) from the Guide (h) menu after you have connected

two monitors to your computer; click the Guide’s Index button, and select

“monitors” in the list of index terms.

IMPORTANT

Though it is physically possible to install two expansion cards that

supply extra monitor ports, you can’t connect more than two monitors at a

time to your computer.

56 Chapter 3

Connecting external SCSI devices, such as a scanner or external hard disk

Your computer has a port for connecting devices that use the Small Computer

System Interface (SCSI, pronounced “skuh-zee”). SCSI devices commonly

used with the Macintosh include hard disk drives, CD-ROM drives, scanners,

tape or cartridge backup drives, and some printers. The SCSI port permits

high-speed communication between the computer and the device. The SCSI

icon appears underneath the port on the computer’s back panel.

You can connect several SCSI devices to the SCSI port by linking them to

create a chain of devices. The first device in the chain plugs into the SCSI

port; the second device plugs into the first device, and so on. You can attach

up to six external SCSI devices to the SCSI port (or up to five if you have an

additional SCSI drive installed in your computer). Each SCSI device

connected to this chain must have its own unique ID number (no two devices

can use the same ID number). If your computer came with a CD-ROM drive

installed, this drive is also part of the SCSI chain and uses SCSI ID number 3.

The computer itself (the main logic board inside it) uses SCSI ID number 7.

IMPORTANT

The material that follows—“Before You Connect a Device” and

“Connecting a SCSI Device”—contains general instructions for attaching

SCSI devices to your computer. Make sure you also follow the specific

instructions that came with the SCSI device you are connecting to your

Macintosh.

SCSI port

SCSI icon

Expanding Your Computer and Using Its Special Features

Before you connect a device

Before you connect a SCSI device to your Macintosh, be sure to complete the

tasks explained in this section.

IMPORTANT

This section contains general instructions for attaching SCSI

devices to your computer. Be sure also to follow the specific instructions that

came with your external hard disk drive or other SCSI device when

connecting the device to your Macintosh. The specific instructions that came

with the device tell how to change a device’s ID number and attach a SCSI

cable or terminator to the device.

Make sure each device has a unique ID number

Each SCSI device connected to your computer must have its own, unique ID

number from 0 to 6. The SCSI ID number helps the computer keep track of

the devices and sort out conflicts when more than one device in the SCSI

chain are communicating with the computer simultaneously.

The ID numbers in your computer are assigned as follows:

ID Device

3Optional internal Apple CD-ROM drive

5Optional internal Zip drive

7Main logic board

Make sure other SCSI devices you add to the chain do not use ID numbers

that are already assigned. For example, if your computer came with an

internal CD-ROM drive, don’t use SCSI ID numbers 3 (which is assigned to

the optional CD-ROM drive) or 7 (which is assigned to your computer’s main

logic board). See the instructions that came with each SCSI device for

information on checking and setting its SCSI ID number.

IMPORTANT

If you use two or more devices attached to the same SCSI

interface with the same ID number, your equipment could malfunction and

you could lose data as a result.

The SCSI devices can be in any physical order in the chain; it is not necessary

to arrange them in numerical order.

58 Chapter 3

Make sure you use the right type and length of cable

To attach a SCSI device to your computer or to another device in the chain,

always use SCSI cables that are double-shielded, such as Apple SCSI cables.

Never use printer-type RS232 cables (commonly used with DOS and

Windows computers). Poor quality SCSI cables are often the cause of

SCSI problems.

Avoid mixing brands, types, or styles of SCSI cables.

If the device is the first or only one you’re connecting, use a SCSI system

cable to connect it to the computer’s SCSI port:

If the device is not the first one, use a SCSI peripheral interface cable to

connect it to the last device in the chain:

IMPORTANT

The total length of the cables in a SCSI chain should not exceed

6 meters (about 20 feet). SCSI cables must have a 110-ohm impedance. For

best results, use SCSI cables manufactured by Apple Computer.

Keep the cables between SCSI devices as short as possible. Cables 18 to 24

inches are best. PowerBooks and some SCSI devices (particularly scanners)

may not work with cables longer than 24 inches.

SCSI peripheral interface cable

SCSI system cable

Expanding Your Computer and Using Its Special Features

Terminate the SCSI chain properly

To ensure accurate transmission of information, a terminator must be at

each end of a SCSI chain. There is a built-in terminator at the beginning

of the chain. You need to make sure that the last device in the chain has a

terminator.

IMPORTANT

In most cases, only the first and last devices in the SCSI chain

should be terminated (but see the exceptions, below). Make sure that no

external SCSI device other than the last one has a terminator.

Exceptions to the “first and last” rule: If the SCSI chain is 18 inches or shorter,

the terminator on the last device is not needed. If the total cable length in the

chain is greater than 10 feet, the chain may need a third terminator at the

10 foot point. Do not add the third terminator unless you are experiencing a

SCSI problem, and check all other possible causes of the problem before

adding the third terminator. (See the information on troubleshooting SCSI

problems in Part II of this manual.)

To ter m i n a t e the last device in the chain:

mIf your SCSI device has a built-in terminator, use it as the last device in

the chain.

If you wish to attach two or more SCSI devices that have built-in

terminators, an Apple-authorized service provider can remove the extra

built-in terminators.

mIf the device at the end of the SCSI chain does not have a built-in terminator,

attach an external terminator. You can attach or remove external terminators

yourself. (Do not use a black terminator; the black terminators are for

Macintosh IIfx computers and certain LaserWriter printers.)

External SCSI terminator

60 Chapter 3

Connecting a SCSI device

Be sure to read the previous section, “Before You Connect a Device,” before

following the instructions here. Use these general instructions in conjunction

with the instructions that came with your SCSI device:

1Turn off your computer.

2Make sure the SCSI device is switched off.

3Use a SCSI cable to connect the device either to the computer’s SCSI port or to the last

SCSI device already in the chain.

Use the thumbscrews and metal clips on the connectors to create a tight,

reliable connection.

IMPORTANT

Make sure that the last (or only) device in the SCSI chain has

a terminator and that no other external SCSI device has a terminator.

Otherwise, the computer may not be able to start up.

4Turn on all devices in your SCSI chain.

IMPORTANT

Always turn on any external SCSI devices connected to your

computer before turning on the computer itself. Otherwise, your computer

won’t be able to recognize that the SCSI devices are connected to it and your

computer may not be able to start up.

Even if you don’t plan to use a device, you must still turn it on to ensure that

signals pass properly along the SCSI chain.

5Install any necessary device drivers (software that makes a device work with

your computer).

Drivers usually come on a floppy disk with the device. (If no drivers come

with the device, contact the device manufacturer.)

Note: If you experience problems after connecting a SCSI device, see the

troubleshooting information in Part II for possible solutions.

WARNING

Do not connect or disconnect any device while the power to

the device or to your Macintosh is on. Doing so could damage the

device, your computer, or both.

Expanding Your Computer and Using Its Special Features

Replacing or adding internal storage devices

Your Macintosh already comes with up to four internal storage devices—a

floppy disk drive, an optional CD-ROM (compact disc read-only memory)

drive, an optional zip drive, and a hard disk drive (several capacities are

available). If you want to replace any of these internal drives, see your Apple-

authorized dealer.

If your computer didn’t include a Zip drive, you can also have additional

storage devices installed in your computer’s expansion bay—the area just

above the CD-ROM drive. The expansion bay is available for you to install

any optional 5.25-inch storage device (1.7 inches high). Examples of storage

devices include a second CD-ROM drive, a tape storage backup system, a

second internal hard disk, or a Zip drive. If you want to install another storage

device inside your computer, see your Apple-authorized dealer.

62 Chapter 3

Applications that come with your computer are stored in the Apple Extras

folder on your hard disk and in the CD Extras folder on the system software

CD that came with your computer. Some of the applications that come with

your computer include the following:

mAppleScript, which allows you to automate actions you perform repeatedly

in the Finder. Instructions for using AppleScript are included in the

AppleScript folder in the Apple Extras folder.

mApple Video Player, which you use to watch video or TV on your computer,

and Apple FM Radio, which you use to listen to FM radio on your

computer if you also have the video input and TV/FM tuner cards

installed. Your computer has these cards installed if you find the Apple

Video System or Apple TV/FM Radio System manuals in the box that

came with it. If you don’t have these cards installed, you can purchase them

from an Apple-authorized dealer.

mAppleCD Audio Player, which allows you to play and control audio

CD-ROM discs in your computer’s CD-ROM drive.

mSimpleText, which allows you to create text documents. With your

computer’s built-in text-to-speech capabilities, you can have your computer

speak the text in your SimpleText document aloud.

Read this chapter to learn how to work

with application programs and protect

the information on your disks.

4Installing and Using Application Programs

64 Chapter 4

To find out if an application needs to be installed, look inside its folder for

an icon labeled Installer. If you find an Installer icon and want to use that

application, double-click the Installer and follow the instructions on the

screen. Most application folders also contain Read Me files that provide

additional information about the application. To read the contents of a Read

Me file, double-click its icon.

Your computer’s system software includes additional applications that provide

special features or enhanced capabilities for your computer. Included among

the system software applications are the following:

mPC Exchange, which lets you work with DOS and Windows disks as if they

were Macintosh disks

mQuickDraw 3D, which gives your computer the ability to display graphics

in three dimensions

mPlainTalk, which allows your computer to understand spoken commands in

English and Mexican Spanish

Installing application programs

You may want to buy and install additional application programs. See the

manuals you receive with these applications for instructions on installing and

using them.

To use your applications most effectively, follow these guidelines:

mRead the manuals you received with the application if you have a problem.

mPut only one copy of each application on your hard disk. Having more than

one copy can cause errors.

mWhenever you copy an application from its disk to your hard disk, be

careful not to copy a System Folder.

mIf an application malfunctions consistently, try installing a fresh copy. If

that doesn’t help, find out from the software manufacturer whether your

version of the application is compatible with your computer model and

your system software.

Installing and Using Application Programs

Installing applications from a floppy disk

In most cases, you install application programs on your internal hard disk

from floppy disks. The following illustration shows how to insert a floppy

disk into your computer’s floppy disk drive.

For instructions on how to eject a floppy disk, see the “Disks” topic area of

Macintosh Guide (or Mac OS Guide), available in the Guide (h) menu.

Note: Be sure you’re acting within the terms of the software license

agreement that comes with your application program before you install the

program on your computer. The license agreement specifies how many copies

of the application you can make for yourself and others.

Insert the floppy disk, metal

end first, into the floppy disk

drive of your computer.

66 Chapter 4

Installing applications from a CD-ROM disc

To install an application program on your internal hard disk from a CD-ROM

disc, insert and open the CD-ROM disc. Then look for a ReadMe file or

follow the instructions that came with the disc to install the application. (For

instructions on using a CD-ROM disc, see “Inserting a CD-ROM Disc” in

Chapter 5 and the “CD-ROM Discs” topic area of Macintosh Guide (or Mac

OS Guide), available in the Guide (h) menu.)

IMPORTANT

Never copy an entire CD-ROM disc to your hard disk by dragging

the CD-ROM disc icon to your hard disk. If you do, you may inadvertently

copy duplicate system software files onto your hard disk and take up hard disk

space with unnecessary files.

Note: Many applications that come on CD-ROM discs require you to have the

CD-ROM disc in the drive whenever you use the application even though

you’ve installed the application on your computer’s hard disk and opened the

copy on the hard disk.

Working with several applications at a time

You can open as many application programs and desk accessories (mini-

applications that you usually open through the Apple menu) as your

computer’s memory allows.

All open applications are listed in the Application menu at the right end of

the menu bar. You can find out which application is active and which other

applications are open by opening the Application menu. The name of the

active application (the one you’re using right now) has a checkmark next to it,

and its icon appears in the menu bar.

The Finder icon

Commands to hide or

display open windows

Programs that are open

A checkmark

indicates the

active program.

Installing and Using Application Programs

Switching applications

You can switch to another open application or desk accessory by choosing its

name from the Application menu.

If an application’s icon is dimmed in the Application menu, that means its

windows are hidden. You can still choose the application from the menu,

however, to display the application’s windows.

You can also switch to another application by clicking in a window that

belongs to the other application or by double-clicking its icon.

Hiding and showing windows on the desktop

You can hide all windows except those of the active application by opening

the Application menu and choosing Hide Others.

The other applications remain open even though their windows are hidden.

When you switch to another application its windows become visible again.

If you want to see all the open windows, open the Application menu and

choose Show All.

Increasing memory available to run applications

You can increase the memory available to run your application programs by

changing virtual memory settings.

Virtual memory uses space on your computer’s hard disk to create extra

random-access memory (RAM) to run your applications. Virtual memory

allows your computer to run more applications at the same time, and to have

more windows open at the same time, but it can result in slightly slower

performance. Also, some application programs may not perform optimally

when virtual memory is turned on.

To turn virtual memory on or off, use the Memory control panel. See the

“Memory” topic area of Macintosh Guide (or Mac OS Guide), available in the

Guide (h) menu for more information.

Note: If you turn on both virtual memory and the RAM disk in the Memory

control panel, don’t set both of them at or near their maximum values. Doing

so can result in unpredictable or reduced performance by your computer. A

RAM disk uses RAM as if it were a hard disk. See the “Memory” topic area

of Macintosh Guide (or Mac OS Guide), available in the Guide (h) menu for

more information.

Backing up your files

When you have a valuable paper document like a birth certificate, you

probably make an extra copy of it for safekeeping. Similarly, you should make

copies of the documents you create on your computer. The extra copy is

called a backup, and the process of making the copy is called backing up.

Once you have a backup, you’re protected from accidentally losing the

information on your hard disk. In the unlikely event that something happens

to your hard disk, you can easily get the information back.

68 Chapter 4

Follow these tips for making backup copies of the documents on your

computer:

mRegularly make copies of the documents you create.

mYou can back up files stored on your hard disk by copying them to

floppy disks.

mYou can back up an entire floppy disk by copying it to another floppy disk

of the same capacity or larger, or by copying it to a hard disk.

mIf you need to copy a file onto a floppy disk and it is too large to fit onto a

single floppy disk, you can use a commercial backup application to copy

the file onto multiple floppy disks.

mYou can use a commercial backup application to copy new and changed

files from a hard disk to another hard disk, to a tape drive, or to a series of

floppy disks.

mIf your computer is on a network, you may be able to back up files by

copying them to a shared disk on the network.

Tip: A good way to remember where you have stored documents is to print a

summary of the items you’ve stored in a folder. For instructions on printing

the contents of a folder, see the “Printing” topic area of Macintosh Guide (or

Mac OS Guide), available in the Guide (h) menu.

Using Power Macintosh application programs

Your Power Macintosh is compatible with most application programs

intended for use with Macintosh computers, but certain applications are

designed especially for Power Macintosh computers. These applications are

sometimes called “native” applications and they take best advantage of your

computer’s speed.

Installing and Using Application Programs

Special memory requirements

Some Power Macintosh applications may be slightly larger than other

applications and may take up more memory. If you find that you are running

out of memory when you use your Power Macintosh applications, you can use

space on your computer’s hard disk as additional memory, which is called

virtual memory. For instructions on how to use virtual memory, see “Increasing

Memory Available to Run Applications,” under “Working With Several

Applications at a Time” earlier in this chapter, and the “Memory” topic area

of Macintosh Guide (or Mac OS Guide), available in the Guide (h) menu.

You can also add more memory to your computer, as described in

Appendix B, “Installing Expansion Cards or Additional Memory.”

Using older Macintosh applications

If you experience problems using an older Macintosh application, it may be

incompatible with your Power Macintosh. You may be able to use your older

application if you turn off Modern Memory Manager. To do this, open the

Apple (K) menu, choose Control Panels, and open the Memory control panel.

Then turn off Modern Memory Manager.

Using special 3D software

The special design of your computer’s logic board allows it to take advantage

of QuickDraw 3D, which is special software built into some programs to

enhance their 3D graphics. Because of this special design, called “3D

Acceleration,” your computer renders 3D images with greater speed and

fluidity than computers that don’t have this feature. As a result, you get

enhanced texturing and greater realism when you use programs that support

QuickDraw 3D, such as 3D modeling programs and many games. To take

advantage of 3D acceleration, your software must support QuickDraw 3D or

QuickDraw 3D RAVE.

70 Chapter 4

An example of what you might see is shown in the following illustration.

If you want to purchase additional software that supports QuickDraw 3D, see

your Apple-Authorized dealer.

IMPORTANT

For best video performance, Apple recommends setting your

monitor at a resolution of 640 x 480 and a color depth of 16 bits when

running use 3D graphics. For more information about setting your monitor’s

resolution, see Macintosh Guide (or Mac OS Guide) in the Guide (h) menu.

Installing and Using Application Programs

Turning 3 D acceleration off and on

If you need to turn off the QuickDraw 3D acceleration (for example, to

compare accelerated performance with software-only rendering), follow

these steps:

1Quit all applications that use QuickDraw 3D.

2Create an empty folder on the desktop.

3Move the file named “ATI 3D Accelerator” from the Extensions folder (inside the System

Folder) into the empty folder. This turns off 3D acceleration.

4Restart QuickDraw 3D applications.

To turn QuickDraw 3D acceleration back on, follow these steps:

1Quit all applications that use QuickDraw 3D.

2Move the file named “ATI 3D Accelerator” back into the Extensions folder.

3Restart QuickDraw 3D applications.

Removing software

If you have previously installed some or all of the software in the Apple Extras

or CD Extras folder, you can remove or deinstall the software if you do not

use it. Removing software like this will make more hard disk space available.

To remove software, follow these steps:

1Start up your computer from the system software CD-ROM disc that came with your

computer.

For detailed steps, see “Starting Up From a CD-ROM Disc” under

“Initializing a Hard Disk” in Chapter 9.

2Open the Apple Extras folder on the hard disk or the CD Extras folder on the

CD-ROM disc.

3Open the folder for the software you want to remove.

4Double-click the Installer icon to open the Installer application.

72 Chapter 4

5If the Installer’s Welcome screen appears, click OK.

The Easy Install dialog box appears.

6Choose Custom Remove from the pop-up menu.

The Custom Remove dialog box appears, listing the software components that

can be removed.

7Scroll through the list of components, clicking the checkbox next to each component

you want to remove.

To get additional information about each component listed, click the box with

the letter iin it to the right of the component.

8Click Remove.

9Follow the instructions that appear on the screen.

10 When you see a message reporting that the removal was successful, click Quit.

11 Restart your computer.

The software is removed and your computer is ready to use. If you want to

remove more software, you can repeat the steps in this section.

Installing and Using Application Programs

This chapter provides information on the optional internal CD-ROM drive

(also called a CD-ROM player because you play CD-ROM discs in it). Refer

to Appendix A, “Health, Safety, and Maintenance Tips,” for information on

the proper handling of CD-ROM discs.

With your internal CD-ROM (compact disc read-only memory) drive, you

have access to large amounts of information. The CD-ROM drive can read the

contents of CD-ROM discs, standard audio compact discs (CDs), and single-

session or multisession Photo CDs. However, you cannot use the drive to save

information on CD-ROM discs. ROM stands for read-only memory, meaning

that the drive cannot “write” information onto CD-ROM discs.

A wide selection of CD-ROM discs is available for entertainment, education,

and business. A typical disc can hold over 650 megabytes (MB) of

information—the equivalent of 270,000 pages of text, up to 8 hours of speech

or music (depending on the sound quality), hundreds of high-resolution

images, or any combination of text, sound, and graphics.

5Using the Optional Built-in CD-ROM Drive

Read this chapter for information

about your computer’s built-in

CD-ROM drive.

76 Chapter 5

Inserting a CD-ROM disc

Follow these instructions to insert a CD-ROM disc into your CD-ROM drive.

Then follow the instructions provided with your disc, as well as the

instructions in this manual.

IMPORTANT

Some CD-ROM disc labels have artwork on them that can cause

the disc’s weight to be slightly off-center when it’s rotating in the drive. This

may cause the computer to vibrate. See the next section, “If Your CD-ROM

Disc Vibrates in the CD-ROM Drive,” for more information.

1Start up your computer, if it’s not already on.

2Press the Open/Close button to open the tray of the CD-ROM drive.

The tray opens.

3Place a CD-ROM disc in the tray, with the disc label facing up.

Make sure the disc is lying flat and centered in the tray.

If you are using a small (8 cm) disc, make sure the disc is centered within the

inside ring on the tray.

Open/Close button

Using the Optional Built-in CD-ROM Drive

4Push the tray in, or press the Open/Close button, to close the tray.

In a few moments, an icon for the CD-ROM disc appears on your screen.

Note: The tray on your CD-ROM drive automatically closes when you shut

down your computer. You may want to open the tray and take out your

CD-ROM disc before shutting down.

If your CD-ROM disc vibrates in the CD-ROM drive

Some CD-ROM disc labels have artwork or labels on them that can cause the

CD-ROM disc’s weight to be slightly off-center. Because of the high rotation

speed of your CD-ROM drive, these discs can occasionally wobble in the

drive and cause your computer to vibrate. If you can feel or hear a CD-ROM

disc vibrating, you don’t need to do anything special. Just use the CD-ROM

disc as you normally would. The vibration damages neither your computer

nor the CD-ROM disc itself.

Note: Sometimes removing labels from discs that vibrate eliminates the

vibration.

Ejecting a CD-ROM disc

Follow these instructions to open the tray of the CD-ROM drive and eject a

CD-ROM disc from your computer.

IMPORTANT

You may not be able to eject a disc if it is available to users

on other computers (shared). To turn off file sharing, use the Sharing

Setup control panel in the Control Panels folder, available through the

Apple (K) menu.

1Open the tray.

There are several ways to open the tray of your CD-ROM drive.

If a CD-ROM disc icon appears on your screen, use one of these methods:

mDrag the icon to the Trash. (You won’t lose information on the CD-ROM disc

by dragging its icon to the Trash.)

mClick the disc icon, then choose the Put Away command in the File menu.

IMPORTANT

Don’t click the disc icon and then choose Eject Disk from the

Special menu. If you do this, the computer keeps the CD-ROM disc in its

memory and continually asks you to reinsert it.

mIf the AppleCD Audio Player window is active, choose Eject CD from the

File menu, or simultaneously press the xand E keys. (AppleCD Audio

Player is an application that allows you to play audio CDs and control your

CD-ROM drive; it is available in the Apple [K] menu.)

If no CD-ROM disc icon appears on your screen, try this:

mPress the Open/Close button of your CD-ROM drive.

78 Chapter 5

Using the Optional Built-in CD-ROM Drive

2Take the CD-ROM disc out of the tray.

Store your disc in a safe place, away from heat, dust, and moisture.

3Push the tray in, or press the Open/Close button, to close the tray.

To avoid possible damage to the tray and the CD-ROM drive, keep the tray

closed when you are not using it.

Copying files from CD-ROM discs

To install an application program on your internal hard disk from a CD-ROM

disc, insert and open the CD-ROM disc. Then look for a Read Me file or

follow the instructions that came with the disc to install the application. (For

instructions on using a CD-ROM disc, see “Inserting a CD-ROM Disc” and

“Ejecting a CD-ROM Disc” earlier in this chapter.)

IMPORTANT

Never copy an entire CD-ROM disc to your hard disk by dragging

the CD-ROM disc icon to your hard disk. If you do, you may inadvertently

copy duplicate system software files onto your hard disk and take up hard disk

space with unnecessary files.

Note: Many applications that come on CD-ROM discs require you to have the

CD-ROM disc in the drive whenever you use the application even though

you’ve installed the application on your computer’s hard disk and opened the

copy on the hard disk.

Types of compact discs you can use

Not all CD-ROM discs store information in the same way. A disc stores and

displays information according to a particular file format. Your computer’s

system software must understand the file format in order to use the contents

of the disc.

Standard file formats

You can use CD-ROM discs with these file formats:

mHFS (Hierarchical File System)—the standard format used by the Macintosh

mISO 9660—the International Standards Organization’s file format for

CD-ROM discs. This format has been adopted by many CD manufacturers

to make their discs compatible with a variety of computers. It is also the

format that allows you to use Photo CDs in your CD-ROM drive.

mThe High Sierra format, a predecessor of the ISO 9660 format

mPhoto CDs

mAudio CDs

The software that lets you use discs with these file formats is already installed

on your computer.

Other CD-ROM formats

Your CD-ROM drive also works with file formats other than the ones listed

above (for example, CD-ROM XA) if you install the appropriate software on

your Macintosh. To find out about the availability of Macintosh software for

additional file formats, contact the publisher of a particular disc.

80 Chapter 5

Audio CDs

Your CD-ROM drive can play audio CDs and the sound portions of other

CD-ROM discs using your computer’s built-in speaker. You can also attach

headphones or speakers to your computer for stereo sound. For further

information, see “Playing Audio CDs” later in this chapter. Also see

“CD-ROM Discs” topic area of Macintosh Guide (or Mac OS Guide),

available in the Guide (h) menu.

Photo CDs

With your CD-ROM drive, you can use QuickTime to open digitized images

stored on Photo CDs.

For more information on Photo CDs, see “Working With Photo CDs” later in

this chapter. Also see the “CD-ROM Discs” topic area of Macintosh Guide (or

Mac OS Guide), available in the Guide (h) menu.

Playing audio CDs

With your CD-ROM drive and your computer’s built-in speaker, you can play

audio compact discs (CDs) or the sound portions of other CD-ROM discs.

You can also attach headphones or speakers to the computer to listen to audio

tracks. See Chapter 3, “Expanding Your Computer and Using Its Special

Features,” for information on connecting sound equipment to your computer.

To star t, stop, and otherwise control audio CDs, use the AppleCD Audio

Player program, available in the Apple (K) menu. Your audio CD software

will only play tracks that contain audio information. With the AppleCD

Audio Player program, you can listen to audio tracks from CDs while doing

other work on your computer. For more information about playing audio

CDs, see the “CD-ROM Discs” topic area of Macintosh Guide (or Mac OS

Guide), available in the Guide (h) menu.

Using the Optional Built-in CD-ROM Drive

Working with Photo CDs

With your CD-ROM drive and software, you can open Photo CD images

stored on Photo CDs. A Photo CD image is a digitized version of a standard

photograph that you can open and view on your computer screen.

You can do many things with the images on your Photo CDs:

mOpen and view the images individually.

mView the images in a series, as you would view a slide presentation.

mCopy and save the images, print them, paste them into word-processing

documents or other documents that accept graphics, and edit them with

a graphics application program.

Photo CD images are an excellent source of graphics for desktop

publishing, multimedia presentations, business documents, and

professional-quality graphic design. For more information on working with

Photo CD images, see the “CD-ROM Discs” topic area of Macintosh Guide

(or Mac OS Guide), available in the Guide (h) menu.

82 Chapter 5

Obtaining Photo CDs

Your own photographs can be recorded as Photo CD images on a Photo CD.

To obtain a Photo CD of your own photographs, take your standard 35-mm

film to a photofinisher who has a Photo CD system. The photofinisher

develops your film, digitizes the photographs, and gives you back a Photo CD

containing your images. A single Photo CD can hold approximately one

hundred images.

If your Photo CD isn’t full, you can take it back to the photofinisher and

have more photos added until the disc is full. Such discs are called

multisession discs because they contain images added after the first session.

Your CD-ROM drive can read both single-session and multisession Photo

CDs. (Other CD-ROM drives can read only single-session discs and are

unable to read the additional images placed on a multisession disc.)

Before viewing the contents of a Photo CD

Normally, you open Photo CD images with the SimpleText program that came

with your computer. If you wish, you can use a graphics or image-editing

program instead of SimpleText. For instructions, see the “CD-ROM Discs”

topic area of Macintosh Guide (or Mac OS Guide), available in the Guide (h)

menu. If you use SimpleText to view high-resolution images, you should

increase the amount of memory that SimpleText uses. For more information

on memory, see the “Memory” topic area of Macintosh Guide (or Mac OS

Guide), available in the Guide (h) menu.

Using the Optional Built-in CD-ROM Drive

A note about resolution

When a Photo CD image is created, it’s recorded at five different levels of

resolution. The higher the resolution, the more information is recorded about

the image, and the sharper the image appears when displayed or printed at

larger sizes. However, high-resolution images take up a lot of memory—up to

18 MB of data for one photograph—which affects file size, as well as the

amount of time it takes to display or print an image.

It’s best to work with a resolution appropriate for your monitor or printer.

Some monitors and printers cannot display or print very high-resolution images.

For most work, a resolution of 768 x 512 pixels or smaller is suitable. For

detailed work or very high-quality reproductions, you may want to use a

higher resolution.

Make sure to open high-resolution images with application programs designed

to handle large image files. SimpleText cannot open very large files.

Sharing a CD-ROM disc over a network

You can “share” a CD-ROM disc with users of other computers using the file

sharing feature of your system software. If your disc has audio portions, you

will be able to hear the audio yourself, but other people on the network will

not. Likewise, you cannot hear the audio portions of discs you access over a

network.

IMPORTANT

If file sharing is on and you are having trouble ejecting a disc,

turn file sharing off in the Sharing Setup control panel in the Control Panels

folder, available through the Apple (K) menu.

For further information about file sharing, see the “Sharing Files” topic area

of Macintosh Guide (or Mac OS Guide), available in the Guide (h) menu.

84 Chapter 5

A world of information is now available online. By connecting your computer

to a telephone line (commonly referred to as going “online”), you can access

the Internet, send and receive electronic mail (e-mail) and faxes, and connect

to online services like America Online and CompuServe. You can also use a

telephone line to access another Macintosh or an entire AppleTalk network

from a remote Macintosh computer. (For example, you can telecommute by

accessing a company computer network from a remote location, such as a

home office.)

To get online using a telephone line, you need special equipment and

software. This chapter provides a brief introduction to the equipment you

need. (It’s also possible to get online through a network connection, if the

network includes the right equipment.) For information about the software

you need to perform online tasks, see Chapter 8, “Using Your Modem to

Connect to the Internet or an Online Service.”

Read this chapter for information

about the equipment you need to get

online, such as modems and ISDN.

6Connecting Your Computer to a Telephone Line

86 Chapter 6

Types of equipment

There are three types of equipment you can use to get online: a

modem, an ISDN line, and shared telecommunications equipment on

your network.

Modem: A modem may be the most common way to connect a

computer to a phone line, particularly if you are using your computer at

home. A modem works with standard analog telephone lines. To add a

modem to your computer, you can install a modem card in your

computer’s communication slot or connect an external modem. For

more information about modems, see the next section, “Choosing and

Connecting a Modem.”

ISDN line: An Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) line is a

special digital phone line that is about four times faster than the fastest

modem used over a standard analog telephone line. However, an ISDN

line typically costs more than regular phone service and may not be

available in your community. For more information about ISDN, see

“Connecting to an ISDN Line” later in this chapter.

Shared Telecommunications Equipment on Your Network: Many models of

your computer come with an Ethernet card, allowing you to connect to

a network. If your computer is part of a network, there may be shared

communications equipment available that will allow you (or anyone

else on your network) to get online. Contact your computer network

administrator for more information. You can also find general

information about networks in Chapter 7, “Connecting Your Computer

to a Network.”

Choosing and connecting a modem

A modem is a piece of equipment that turns the data from your computer into

information that can be transmitted over telephone lines. The modem enables

your computer to send and receive telephone calls, connect to the Internet,

access online services, and communicate with other computer users. Some

modems also allow you to transmit documents on your computer to fax

machines as well as receive faxes as documents that you can view on screen

or print.

To add a modem to your computer, you can install an internal modem card in

the communication slot of your computer, or, if the communication slot is

already filled with a network card, you can connect an external modem (a

separate piece of equipment that sits outside the computer case and connects

to it with a cable).

Keep in mind that when your phone and a modem share a single phone line,

you will not be able to use both at the same time, even if they are attached to

separate phone jacks. While you use a modem, outside callers get a busy

signal and you cannot call out. Conversely, when you use your phone, you

cannot use the modem. (If you miss phone calls because you often use your

modem, you may want to get a second phone line installed or get a phone

company message service, which, unlike an answering machine, will record

messages even when your phone is off the hook or you are online.)

Also keep in mind that long distance charges accrue when your modem dials

long-distance numbers. In most cases, an online service or an Internet service

provider will have a local access phone number so that long distance charges

do not apply.

Connecting Your Computer to a Telephone Line

Choosing a modem

When selecting a modem, look for one with a high speed of data transfer,

a compatible modem cable (if the modem is external), and good bundled

software. Remember, if your communication slot is already filled with a

network card (many models of your computer come with an Ethernet card in

this slot), you’ll want to look for an external modem rather than a modem card.

Modem speed

The modem speed determines how fast a modem can download, or transfer

data from a remote location to your computer. Be sure to purchase the fastest

modem that you can afford, particularly if you plan to connect to the World

Wide Web. Many Web pages contain graphics, video, and sound that will take

longer to download with a slower modem.

The speed of a modem is specified in kilobits per second (Kbps) or bits per

second (bps). Faster modems transfer data to and from your computer more

quickly than slower ones. The following table describes the current modem

speeds that are available.

Modem speed Usage

33,600 bps The fastest modem available (as of this writing) for use with standard

(33.6 Kbps) analog telephone lines. Suitable for World Wide Web use.

28,800 bps Slightly slower than a 33.6 Kbps modem, but still suitable

(28.8 Kbps) for World Wide Web use.

14,400 bps Only half as fast as a 28.8 Kbps modem. May be acceptable for

(14.4 Kbps) text-oriented applications such as e-mail or terminal emulation.

9600, 4800, Too slow for most purposes.

and 2400 bps

88 Chapter 6

Modem cables (for external modems)

If you purchase an external modem that is designed for use with a Macintosh,

it will probably include a Macintosh-compatible modem cable. If you have to

purchase a cable separately, make sure it supports hardware handshaking, a

protocol that controls the flow of data between computers. Also make sure the

cable has a rounded connector that will fit the modem port on the back of

your computer (labeled with a Wicon). A cable designed for use with a

Windows- or DOS-compatible computer won’t work with your Macintosh.

Bundled software

Many modems include bundled software, such as fax software, a terminal

emulation program, and free trial membership software for online services. If

you can’t decide between two comparably priced modems, pick the one that

comes with the best bundled software.

Connecting a modem

To connect an external modem, follow the instructions in the manuals that

came with your modem. To install and connect an internal modem card,

follow the instructions in Appendix B of this manual for installing

communication cards as well as the instructions in the manual that came

with the card.

Note: Some modems have a single phone jack, while others have two. If your

modem has only one phone jack, consider purchasing a line splitter at an

electronics supply store. A line splitter enables you to plug your phone and

your internal modem into the same jack at the same time. (By the way, you

can keep your answering machine connected to your phone, even if your

phone and modem share the same telephone line.)

IMPORTANT

When connecting a modem, make sure you connect the modem to

an analog phone line—the kind used typically in homes. Connecting to an

ISDN line could damage the modem.

IMPORTANT

Disconnect your modem from the phone jack during lightning

storms. This will prevent a destructive voltage overload from damaging

the modem.

Connecting Your Computer to a Telephone Line

Setting up your modem to connect online

Once you have installed and connected your modem, you need to configure

the connection so the modem can contact your network or Internet service

provider (ISP). The Apple Internet Connection Kit that came on the system

software CD-ROM disc can be used to set up your modem connection. Your

network administrator or ISP can provide more information about what

settings to use to configure your connection. Refer to Chapter 8, “Using Your

Modem to Connect to the Internet or an Online Service,” for more

information about getting your computer online.

Connecting to an ISDN line

If you have a home office, telecommute frequently, or routinely need to send

and receive large files, then a 28.8- or 33.6-Kbps modem may not be fast

enough for your needs. For faster performance, you may want to consider

connecting your computer to an Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN)

digital telephone line, which can transfer data at 128 Kbps, nearly 4.5 times

faster than a 28.8 Kbps modem.

ISDN lines are available to most but not all residential and business telephone

customers. Check with your local phone company to see if ISDN service is

available at your location.

There are fixed monthly charges and per-minute usage fees for ISDN, just like

regular phone service. Typically, ISDN costs more than regular phone service,

but it is still affordable for many business and residential purposes. Because

one ISDN line can support several devices simultaneously—such as a

computer, voice phone, and fax machine—you may be able to replace existing

extra phone lines with one ISDN line.

Note: Because an ISDN line requires a power source at your location, a

phone attached to an ISDN line will not work during a power outage. For

emergency use, you should strongly consider keeping your regular analog

phone line, which receives power from the phone company.

90 Chapter 6

Setting up an ISDN line

If you’re interested in setting up an ISDN line, first contact your local phone

company to see if ISDN service is available at your location. Your phone

company can also provide specific information about monthly charges and

usage fees. (Your phone company may also charge an installation fee, which

may be waived or refunded if you agree to keep the ISDN line for a specified

amount of time.)

In addition, you also need to purchase and configure an ISDN terminal

adapter, which connects to the external modem port on your Macintosh and

to the ISDN line. (ISDN terminal adapters are often called “ISDN modems”

because they are somewhat similar to modems.)

Some ISDN terminal adapter models may be difficult to configure with the

network configuration of your employer or internet service provider. Work

closely with your computer network administrator or internet service provider

to make sure you purchase a compatible ISDN terminal adapter.

Connecting Your Computer to a Telephone Line

Any group of computers and other devices connected in order to

communicate with each other constitutes a network. Some networks connect

all their computers by a particular type of cable. Such networks are called

local area networks (LANs). LANs can be as simple as two computers

connected together or as complex as a business’s in-house computer network.

Sometimes groups of networks connect to form a larger network, such as the

Internet. This is called a wide area network (WAN).This chapter discusses

several types of LANs to which you can connect your computer.

7Connecting Your Computer to a Network

Read this chapter for information about

connecting to other computers

in a local area network.

94 Chapter 7

Connecting to a network expands the features of your computer by giving you

access to the services and resources provided on the network. For example,

your computer by itself lets you store, retrieve, and modify information on

floppy disks, hard disks, and CD-ROM discs. When your computer is

connected to a network, however, you can also store and retrieve information

on the hard disks and CD-ROM discs of other computers, use electronic mail,

and share computing resources such as printers, modems, and network

services.

You can get much of the specific information about the network you want to

connect to from the network administrator—the person who oversees the

network’s operation. Before you begin connecting to a network, contact its

network administrator.

Your computer can be connected to several kinds of networks, including

the following:

LocalTalk

To connect to a LocalTalk network, you connect a LocalTalk

cable to either the modem port or the printer port on your computer.

Ethernet

To connect to a high-speed Ethernet network, you need an

Ethernet card installed in the communication or PCI (peripheral

component interconnect) slot in your computer. Many models of your

computer come with a 10Base-T (twisted pair) Ethernet card already

installed in the communication slot.

Alternative networks such as Token Ring, ISDN, or Fiber Distributed Data Interface

(FDDI)

To connect to any of these networks, you need to install a PCI card

for the specific type of network you want to connect to in one of the PCI

slots in your computer.

Connecting Your Computer to a Network

This chapter describes how to connect to and configure your computer on

LocalTalk and Ethernet networks. For other network-related information,

refer to the appropriate information source

mIf your computer is already connected to a network, refer to Macintosh

Guide (or Mac OS Guide), available in the Guide (h) menu, for

information about printing to a networked printer, accessing information

on file servers, and sharing files on your computer with other users. Also,

your network administrator can provide information about network

software that may be available, such as Internet access and electronic mail.

mIf your location does not currently have a network and you are interested

in setting one up, refer to a book on Macintosh networking that will help

you select and plan a network appropriate for your organization. Many

books about networks are available at computer bookstores.

Note: With a modem, you can connect to the Internet and other online

services. However, with an Ethernet card or LocalTalk connection (described

in this chapter), you can also connect your computer to other computers or

servers in a local area network. You may also be able to reach the Internet if

you connect to a network that has an Internet link. (By the way, access to the

Internet over a network may be noticeably faster than access by a modem. For

information on using your modem, see Chapter 6, “Connecting Your

Computer to a Telephone Line.”)

Connecting to a LocalTalk Network

To connect your Macintosh to a LocalTalk network, you need LocalTalk

cables and a LocalTalk adapter. In most cases, the Apple LocalTalk Locking

Connector Kit DIN-8, available from your Apple-authorized dealer, contains

the components you need to connect your Macintosh to an existing LocalTalk

network. If your network uses standard telephone cables for your network

wiring, obtain an Apple LocalTalk RJ-11 Connector instead.

To connect your Macintosh to a LocalTalk network, do the following:

1Shut down your computer.

2Attach the LocalTalk adapter to the printer port or modem port on your computer.

Printer port icon

Printer port

LocalTalk adapterLocalTalk adapter

Apple LocalTalk RJ-11 ConnectorApple LocalTalk Locking Connector Kit DIN-8

LocalTalk cable Standard telephone cable

96 Chapter 7

Connecting Your Computer to a Network

3Attach a network cable between the LocalTalk adapter connected to your computer and a

LocalTalk adapter on your existing network.

IMPORTANT

While connecting to the middle of the network you may interrupt

other users. Check with your network administrator before you connect.

If you connect to the last computer in the network, you need to attach a

network terminator to your LocalTalk adapter.

If you are using the Apple LocalTalk Locking Connector Kit DIN-8, use the

LocalTalk cable that comes with the kit to connect to a network with

LocalTalk cables. If you are using the Apple LocalTalk RJ-11 Connector, use a

standard telephone cable with RJ-11 connectors.

4Configure your LocalTalk connection following the advice of your network administrator

and the instructions in “Configuring Your Network Connection” later in this chapter.

Printer port

LocalTalk adapter

LocalTalk cable

Connecting to an Ethernet network

Ethernet is a cable system that lets your computer communicate with other

computers much faster than it can with LocalTalk cables. To connect your

computer to an Ethernet network, you need to do the following:

mFind out from your network administrator what kind of Ethernet network

you’re connecting to.

mIf your computer did not come with the appropriate Ethernet card already

installed, buy and install the right kind of Ethernet card and cable. See

“Choosing an Ethernet Card,” next in this chapter. See Appendix B for

instructions on installing cards in your computer.

mConnect the card to the network. See the instructions later in this chapter

for connecting the card to the type of Ethernet network you have.

mConfigure the network connection. See the instructions in “Configuring

Your Network Connection,” later in this chapter.

Choosing an Ethernet card

Many models of your computer come with an Ethernet card already installed.

If your computer didn’t include an Ethernet card and you decide to add one,

there are two factors that affect what kind of Ethernet card you should

purchase for your computer—where the card will be installed in your

computer and what kind of network you’ll be connecting to. Depending on

the type of card you install, you may also need an appropriate media adapter.

98 Chapter 7

Where to install the card

Some kinds of Ethernet cards fit into the computer’s communication slot;

however, so do internal modem cards. If you install an internal modem card

in the communication slot but you also want to connect to an Ethernet

network, purchase an Ethernet card that instead uses the computer’s PCI

(peripheral component interconnect) slot.

mIf your Ethernet card uses a PCI slot, follow the instructions in “Installing

a PCI Card” in the section “Installing an Expansion Card” in Appendix B,

and the instructions that came with the card.

mIf your Ethernet card uses the communication slot (this type of card is

often referred to as an Apple Ethernet Comm II card), follow the

instructions in “Installing a Communication Card” in the section

“Installing an Expansion Card” in Appendix B, and the instructions that

came with the card.

Network type

Find out what kind of network you will be connecting to (your network

administrator should be able to provide this information). Depending on the

kind of network, you will choose among cards that use one of these types of

cables:

mthin or thick coaxial (or “coax”) cable, also called 10Base-2

m10Base-T (twisted pair) cable

mfiber-optic media or other standard Ethernet cable

So for example, if you know that your Ethernet network uses 10Base-T cables,

and you want to use your communication slot for a modem card, you would

purchase a 10Base-T Ethernet card that fits in a PCI slot.

WARNING

Do not connect cables to the back of your computer when the

power is on or you may damage your system.

Connecting Your Computer to a Network

Media adapters

You can connect directly to an Ethernet network using a 10Base-T twisted-pair

cable. However, to connect your computer to an Ethernet network using

coaxial cables, you need one of the following Ethernet media adapters:

mApple Ethernet Thin Coax Tra nsceiver

mApple Ethernet AUI Adapter

See your Apple-authorized dealer for more information on Apple Ethernet

media adapters.

Connecting to a twisted-pair Ethernet network

Follow this procedure to connect your Macintosh to an Ethernet network that

uses twisted-pair cable. (You can’t connect to an Ethernet network unless you

have an Ethernet card installed. If your computer didn’t come with an

Ethernet card already installed, see the information at the beginning of this

section, “Connecting to an Ethernet Network.”) You need a twisted-pair patch

cord with an RJ-45 telephone-style connector, which you plug into a wall

plate connected to the existing 10Base-T Ethernet network.

IMPORTANT

Be careful not to plug a regular telephone cable into your RJ-45

connector. Although it works very differently, an RJ-45 connector looks very

similar to a standard telephone cable. Also, the connectors at the ends of the

cables will fit into both telephone and twisted-pair Ethernet ports. Make sure

you are using an RJ-45 connector cable.

To connect your Macintosh to a twisted-pair Ethernet network, follow these

instructions:

1Shut down your computer.

2Plug one end of the twisted-pair patch cord into the 10Base-T Ethernet port on

the Ethernet card in your Macintosh.

Status light (lights up when there’s a good network connection)

Twisted-pair Ethernet port (10Base-T)

100 Chapter 7

3Plug the other end of the twisted-pair patch cord into an RJ-45 wall outlet that is

connected to a twisted-pair Ethernet network.

4Configure your network connection following the advice of your network administrator

and the instructions in “Configuring Your Network Connection” later in this chapter.

Twisted-pair cable

Wall plate (RJ-45 port)

Ethernet port (twisted-pair)

RJ-45 connector

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Connecting Your Computer to a Network

Connecting to a thin coaxial Ethernet network

Follow this procedure to connect your Macintosh to an Ethernet network

that uses a thin coaxial cable. The hardware connection requires an Apple (or

Apple-compatible) thin coaxial Ethernet card and a thin coaxial cable.

IMPORTANT

You can connect your Macintosh anywhere on the network;

however, to do so requires that you temporarily disconnect the network,

which will interrupt existing network services and activity temporarily.

Consult your network administrator before connecting your computer to

the network.

1Shut down your Macintosh.

2Attach one end of a thin coaxial cable to the T-connector that came with your card.

Don’t attach the T-connector to your computer yet.

3On the computer closest to your computer, detach the network cable (or terminator) from

its T-connector.

This disrupts network services for other users.

4Lock the free end of your thin coaxial cable to the T-connector on the other computer.

5 If you are adding your computer somewhere in the middle of the network, lock the

unattached network cable to your T-connector. Otherwise, lock a terminator to your T-

connector.

This restores network services for other users.

WARNING

Do not connect the Ethernet cable directly to the coaxial port

on the back of the computer. The cable must first be attached to the

T-connector and the T-connector must be attached to the coaxial port.

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6Attach your T-connector to the port on your card.

It may help to use two hands. With one hand, push the T-connector on the

port. While still holding the T-connector, use your other hand to twist and

lock the connector into place.

Pull the T-connector to make sure it is locked securely onto the port.

7Start up your computer.

8Configure your network connection following the advice of your network administrator

and the instructions in “Configuring Your Network Connection” later in this chapter.

Thin coaxial cable

(or thin coaxial

Ethernet terminator

if your computer is

the last device on

the network)

Thin coaxial cable

Ethernet port (thin coaxial) T-connector

Status light (lights up when there’s a good network connection)

Thin coaxial Ethernet port (10Base-2)

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Connecting Your Computer to a Network

Connecting to other types of Ethernet network

The Apple Ethernet AUI Adapter is a universal adapter that lets you connect

your computer to less-common types of industry-standard Ethernet media,

such as thick coaxial or fiber-optic cable. If you are using the Apple Ethernet

AUI Adapter, you also need an Ethernet transceiver for your specific media

type; the transceiver must have a standard AUI port on it.

To connect your computer to an Ethernet transceiver for other types of

Ethernet media, follow these instructions:

1Shut down your computer.

2Connect the Ethernet transceiver to the network following the instructions that came

with the transceiver.

3Plug the transceiver cable from the Ethernet transceiver into the standard AUI port on

the Apple Ethernet AUI Adapter.

Ethernet port (AAUI)

AAUI connector

Electrical outlet

Apple Ethernet AUI Adapter

Ethernet transceiver for other media

104 Chapter 7

4Plug the adapter’s power cord into an electrical power outlet.

5Plug the connector on the Apple Ethernet AUI Adapter into the AAUI Ethernet port on

your Macintosh.

6Configure your network connection following the advice of your network administrator

and the instructions in “Configuring Your Network Connection” next.

Configuring your network connection

After you physically connect your computer to a LocalTalk or Ethernet

network, you need to configure your network connection in the AppleTalk

control panel, the TCP/IP control panel, or both.

mYou use the AppleTalk control panel to set up your connection to an

AppleTalk network (that is, a network using the AppleTalk protocol).

mYou use the TCP/IP control panel to set up your connection to the Internet

and to a TCP/IP network. (TCP/IP stands for Transmission Control

Protocol/Internet Protocol. It is the set of data communication rules

followed by networks to communicate with each other on the Internet.)

You may need additional information about the network to which your

computer is connected, or about the service through which your computer is

connected to the Internet. To get this information, you may need to contact

your network administrator or your Internet service provider (ISP).

AAUI Ethernet port

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Connecting Your Computer to a Network

Configuring your AppleTalk network connection

To configure your AppleTalk network connection, you must specify the port

you use to connect your computer to the network.

Additionally, you may need to select the zone in which your computer is

located. Larger networks use zones to create groups of computers, printers,

servers, and other network devices. For example, a network might have a zone

for each floor in an office building. If your network has more than one zone,

you can choose the zone in which your computer is located. The zone you

choose is automatically selected in the Chooser (for example, when you select

a network printer) and it is the zone in which other network users can find

your computer if you turn on file sharing.

To configure your AppleTalk network connection, follow these steps:

1Choose Control Panels from the Apple menu.

2Double-click the AppleTalk icon to open it.

The AppleTalk control panel opens.

106 Chapter 7

3Move the pointer to the “Connect via” pop-up menu (if available), press and hold down

the mouse button to open the menu, and choose the port through which your computer

is connected to the network.

You can connect to an AppleTalk network through an Ethernet port, the

printer port, the modem port, or any other ports available on expansion cards

installed in your computer. (Any additional ports appear automatically in this

pop-up menu.)

Note: If you don’t see a pop-up menu here, this setting has been locked.

Contact your network administrator for assistance. (If you don’t have a

network administrator, you can use the Administration user mode to unlock

this setting. For more information about user modes, click the hbutton in the

AppleTalk control panel.)

4Use the Current Zone pop-up menu (if available) to choose the zone you want.

If you don’t see a pop-up menu here, either your network has no zone, this

setting has been locked, or your network is not set up to allow you to choose

a zone. Zones are set up by the network administrator.

5Click the close box to close the AppleTalk control panel.

If you have made configuration changes, a message asks if you want to

save them.

If you have changed the port, a message also tells you that the change will

interrupt any AppleTalk services that are established. This means that your

network services, such as printers and e-mail, may be temporarily

unavailable, and you may have to choose a printer and connect to your

e-mail service again after saving changes.

6To save your changes, click the Save button.

Your changes take effect immediately; you do not have to restart your

computer.

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Connecting Your Computer to a Network

Getting more information about the AppleTalk control panel

Macintosh Guide (or Mac OS Guide) contains information about additional

capabilities available in the AppleTalk control panel, such as

musing configurations, a way to save different AppleTalk settings and switch

among them as desired—for example, if you use your computer with more

than one network

musing the User Mode command to change the availability of settings in the

AppleTalk control panel

mturning AppleTalk off in order to save RAM in your computer when you

are not using an AppleTalk network

For more information about these capabilities, click the hbutton in the

AppleTalk control panel.

Configuring your TCP/IP network connection

You must properly set up the TCP/IP control panel if your computer is

connected to a network that uses TCP/IP standards, such as the Internet.

TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) is a set of rules that

are applied to data sent and received on the Internet. The rules standardize

how data is communicated so that many different kinds of computers can

recognize it. TCP/IP protocols can be used with many different types of

network equipment and connections. If you don’t know whether your network

uses TCP/IP, contact your network administrator.

To set up your TCP/IP network connection, you must specify the port you use

to connect your computer to the network. TCP/IP networks also require

information about your computer’s network address. You must enter that

information in the TCP/IP control panel, or specify a server on which the

information can be found. To get this information, check with your network

administrator or Internet service provider.

108 Chapter 7

Before you begin

To properly configure your connection, you need to have information about

all the elements involved. Among these are the types of servers used on the

network, your Internet Protocol (IP) address, and your subnet mask. Your

Internet service provider or network administrator can give you the

information you need in order to set up your connection.

Setting up

To set up your TCP/IP network connection, follow these steps:

1Choose Control Panels from the Apple menu.

The Control Panels window opens.

2Double-click the TCP/IP icon to open it.

The TCP/IP control panel opens.

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Connecting Your Computer to a Network

3Use the “Connect via” pop-up menu to choose the port through which your computer is

connected to the network.

Note: If you don’t see the pop-up menu or other settings described in this

section, the TCP/IP configuration may have been locked. Contact your network

administrator for assistance. (If you don’t have a network administrator, you

can use the Administration user mode to unlock this setting. For more

information about user modes in the TCP/IP control panel, click the hbutton.)

4Use the Configure pop-up menu to choose a configuration method.

If you are connected using Ethernet, the pop-up menu looks like this:

If you are connected using AppleTalk (MacIP), the pop-up menu looks

like this:

5If you are configuring your network connection manually, type the information provided

by your network administrator or Internet service provider into the appropriate boxes.

You must specify an IP address. You may also need to enter a subnet mask

number, router address, and other information.

6If your network configuration will be provided automatically by a server, do one of the

following:

mIf you are using a BootP server or DHCP server, skip to step 7. The server

usually provides all the configuration information needed by TCP/IP.

mIf you are using a RARP server, you may need to type additional

information provided by your network administrator or Internet service

provider into the appropriate boxes. If so, enter the information now.

mIf you are using a MacIP server, click Select Zone. In the dialog box that

appears, choose the zone that contains the MacIP server you want to use

and then click OK. (Additionally, if you are connecting with Apple Remote

Access [ARA], you must open a connection before you can select a zone.)

110 Chapter 7

7Click the close box to close the TCP/IP control panel.

If you have made configuration changes, an alert box asks if you want to save

them. If you have changed the port, an alert box also tells you that the change

will interrupt any connections to TCP/IP services. For example, you may have

to quit and reopen a Web browser or e-mail software after saving changes.

8To save your changes, click the Save button.

Your changes take effect immediately; you do not have to restart your

computer.

Getting more information about the TCP/IP control panel

Macintosh Guide (or Mac OS Guide) contains information about additional

capabilities available in the TCP/IP control panel, such as

musing configurations, a way to save different TCP/IP settings and switch

among them as desired

musing the User Mode command to determine the availability of settings in

the TCP/IP control panel

mturning TCP/IP off to save RAM when you are not using a TCP/IP-based

network

For more information about these capabilities, click the hbutton in the

TCP/IP control panel.

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Connecting Your Computer to a Network

113

This chapter discusses how you use your Macintosh to connect to the fastest

growing organization on Earth: the online community. This community

gathers in private places provided by subscriber-only services and in the

public space called the Internet. With a modem and the right software, you

have a couple of options for reaching these meeting places. Once you arrive

you can exchange e-mail messages, browse the World Wide Web, gather

information on topics of interest to you, participate in discussion groups,

download software, and use many other services. This chapter provides some

explanations and instructions to help you connect.

8Using Your Modem to Connect

to the Internet or an Online Service

Read this chapter for information

about the Internet and online

service software that is included

with your computer.

About the Internet and its language

The Internet, or “Net” as it’s sometimes called, is a loosely knit federation of

computer networks that “speak” the same language. The language in this case,

is a communications standard known as the Internet protocol, or IP.

No one individual or company owns the Internet, and the individual

computers and the networks of computers knitted into it are located all over

the world. Originally created for military purposes, the Internet developed

dramatically as universities began using it to share information and data. It

has now become an expansive resource for millions of users around the

world, catering to virtually every imaginable interest.

Internet users may come upon the term TCP/IP,or Tra n s m i ssi o n Control

Protocol. TCP/IP is the series of protocols used for sending data across the

Internet. Sending a message across the Internet involves a three-step process.

First, a network computer breaks up the data that make up the message into

several smaller data packages, each of which conforms to a strict set of

guidelines. These guidelines are called TCP.Once the computer has properly

prepared the packages, it sends them out for delivery. The packets’ addresses,

directions on how to deliver them, and other routing specifications are

dictated by the other set of guidelines mentioned earlier, Internet Protocol

(IP). Because of the Internet’s complexity, the packages may not travel

together, even though they are bound for the same address, and may even

arrive at different times. Using TCP, the computer at the receiving end

unscrambles the packets and sorts the data to recreate the original message.

Using your modem to connect to an Internet Service Provider or an online service

Once you have physically connected your modem to a phone line, you have

several choices to make before you can get to the Internet. First, you must

connect to and open an account with an electronic service provider. Providers

fall generally into two categories: Internet service providers (ISP) and online

services. Each has its distinct qualities; both charge a fee for your account.

Your Macintosh comes with two software packages that give you the choice of

connecting with an ISP or an online service. The software items are the Apple

Internet Connection Kit (AICK) and America Online (AOL).

114 Chapter 8

Connecting with the Apple Internet Connection Kit

As the name implies, the facilities of an Internet Service Provider let you use

your computer to get onto the Internet. Although some ISPs offer other

services, Internet access is their main business. Once you connect with an

ISP, you have unlimited access to the Internet because your connection with

the ISP actually turns your computer into a part of the network itself.

All the software you need to connect with an ISP is included with your

computer in the Apple Internet Connection Kit (AICK). This software

package helps you select and set up an account with one of several ISPs and

helps you set up your Internet connection software. AICK also contains

several other software utilities designed for the Internet. For more

information and instructions, see the manual and online help that come

with AICK.

Connecting with America Online

Unlike ISPs, online services provide additional services for their members

alone. An online service may offer e-mail, updated news, sports scores, and

stock price updates, special chat groups, and other services as well as a

connection to the Internet. Some, like AOL, also offer their own software for

use on the Internet. Online services work differently from ISPs in that they

filter and funnel some of the data before you receive it and do not make your

computer an actual part of the Internet. This allows such services to tailor the

Internet access they provide their members. For example, Internet sites

deemed not suitable for children can be placed off limits. You might consider

this in deciding whether to select an online service or an ISP.

Your computer includes the software needed to connect with America Online

(AOL). Because AOL is very easy to use it may be the best choice if you have

never used an online service or the Internet before. You can open the AOL

software by double-clicking its icon. Check the onscreen help that comes with

the software for assistance on establishing an account with AOL.

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Using Your Modem to Connect to the Internet or an Online Service

What the connection software does

Once you have selected a service that will get you to the Internet, you must

first establish a phone link with the service and configure your modem so

that it can “speak” with the service’s computers. Like the TCP/IP language

spoken among computers on the Internet, your modem communicates with

the service’s computers in an industry-standard language, called Po in t - t o-Point

Protocol, or PPP.The data sent by your computer in PPP is converted by the

service’s computers into TCP/IP and then is sent out over the Internet. When

data arrives from the Internet, the translation process occurs in reverse.

When you use AICK, the Internet Dialer program establishes and configures

the PPP connection between your modem and the chosen ISP. A similar piece

of software sets up the connection when you use AOL. See the instructions

that come with AICK and AOL for more information.

What you can do on the Internet

The complexity of the Internet makes it possible to communicate across it in

a variety of ways, including exchanging e-mail, teleconferencing, and

retrieving files. Both AICK and AOL provide you with software required for

some of these forms of communication. (For more information, refer to the

relevant manual and online help for AICK and AOL.)

Browse the World Wide Web

The World Wide Web (also known as the Web) is the fastest growing part of

the Internet. You view information on the Web by using software called a Web

browser. You can view color images, animation, and video, and even hear

sound. The “documents” that you view on the Web are known as Web pages, a

collection of which is called a Web site. Web pages and sites contain links to

other pages and sites. When you click a word or image that has been

designated as a link, your browser automatically displays the contents of the

linked page. The following illustration shows is a portion of the “home page”

of the Apple Computer web site.

116 Chapter 8

E-mail

You use electronic mail, or e-mail, to exchange information in much the same

way that you use paper mail, except that e-mail is faster and more convenient.

It is as easy to send a message to a single recipient as it is to send the same

message to many recipients. You can also attach entire electronic files to

e-mail.

Newsgroups

You can participate in “newsgroups”—worldwide public discussion groups

for debating issues and for exchanging information. You can subscribe to a

newsgroup for almost any topic imaginable, and you can read, respond to, and

create your own messages, usually referred to as articles. Most newsgroups are

unmoderated, which means that you can post your articles directly to the

newsgroup. Other newsgroups are moderated, which means someone screens

the articles and posts only those deemed appropriate for the newsgroup.

117

Using Your Modem to Connect to the Internet or an Online Service

FTP

You can use File Transfer Protocol (FTP) software to transfer files to or from

other computers on the Internet. Many specialized computers known as

servers provide Internet users with files through FTP. FTP software comes in

handy when you want to download (copy to your computer) software or

software updates over the Internet.

Telnet

With Telnet software you can log onto other computers so that you can use

their programs and data as if those items were on your own hard disk. Many

libraries, for instance, have electronic (online) card catalogs that you can

access by using Telnet software. There are a variety of other specialized

databases that you can access through Telnet.

118 Chapter 8

part

Chapter 9 Troubleshooting

121

Consult this chapter if you experience

problems using your computer.

When you have questions

If you want to know how to do a particular task with your computer, refer

to Macintosh Guide in the Guide (h) menu.

Note: In some versions of system software, Macintosh Guide is called

Mac OS Guide.

For instructions on using Macintosh Guide and Mac OS Guide, see Chapter 2

of this manual, “Getting Help.”

9Troubleshooting

If you have trouble

While you’re using your computer, you may occasionally see a bomb icon

or an error message, or the pointer (8) may “freeze” on the screen. If you have

trouble with your computer, take a few minutes to read the information in this

chapter. If your problem is related to a particular procedure, you should also

look for information on that procedure in Macintosh Guide (or Mac OS

Guide), available in the Guide (h) menu. For additional troubleshooting

information and a list of common questions relating to your system software,

see the “Troubleshooting” topic area of Macintosh Guide (or Mac OS Guide).

If you are unable to access Macintosh Guide (for example, if your screen is

“frozen”), refer to this chapter to see if you can resolve the problem.

WARNING

If you have a problem with your computer and nothing

presented in this chapter solves it, consult the service and support

information that came with your computer for instructions on how to

contact an Apple-authorized service provider or Apple for assistance. If

you attempt to repair the computer yourself, any damage you may cause

to the computer will not be covered by the limited warranty on your

computer. Contact an Apple-authorized dealer or service provider for

additional information about this or any other warranty question.

122 Chapter 9

Take your time

When you see an error message, you don’t have to take action immediately.

The message stays on the screen until you click the OK (or Restart) button or

turn off the Macintosh.

To help diagnose and correct the problem, follow the suggestions in this

subsection. Gather as much information on the situation as you can. Then

follow the instructions in the next subsection, “Start Over by Restarting

Your Computer.”

mMake a note of exactly what you were doing when the problem occurred.

Write down the message on the screen. List the application programs you

were using and the names of any items you know have been added to the

System Folder since the system software was installed. This information

will help a service person diagnose the problem. (It is helpful to keep a

printed copy of the items in your System Folder. For instructions on

printing the contents of a folder, see the “Printing” topic area of Macintosh

Guide (or Mac OS Guide), available in the Guide [h] menu.)

mCheck the screen for any clues. Is a menu selected? What applications and

document icons are open? Note anything else that seems relevant.

mIf you were typing text and were not able to save it before the problem

occurred, you can write down the parts of the text still visible on the

screen so that some of your work will be easy to replace.

mAsk other Macintosh users about the problem you’re having; they may have

a solution for it.

If you need repair service, consult the service and support information that

came with your computer for instructions on how to contact an Apple-

authorized service provider or Apple for assistance.

If you know the problem is with an application not published by Apple, call the

application’s publisher. Click the Phone Numbers button in the Service/Support

area of the Launcher to get a software publisher’s phone number.

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Troubleshooting

Start over by restarting your computer

Often you can eliminate a problem simply by clearing the computer’s memory

and starting over.

If you can, save any open documents before restarting your Macintosh. If

your system is frozen and does not respond to anything you do, or if you have

a “bomb” message on the screen, saving may not be possible. You can try

pressing x-Option-Esc to quit the application in use when the problem

occurred; if this works, you can then save the documents open in other

applications before restarting. Restart the computer immediately after you

save your documents—quitting an application using x-Option-Esc may leave

corrupted data in the computer’s memory. This corrupted data is erased when

you restart the computer.

Note: Use this key combination to force an application to quit only when you

can’t choose Quit from the File menu.

To restart your Macintosh, try the following steps:

1If you can, choose Restart from the Special menu or from the dialog box that’s on screen.

Dialog boxes contain messages from the computer. If something goes wrong,

a message may appear on the screen asking you to restart the computer.

2If you can’t choose Restart, press the Power key (marked with a

) on the keyboard,

then click Shut Down.

3If the Power key on the keyboard doesn’t work, hold down the

and Control keys while

you press the Power key (

This key combination restarts the computer. (Use this key combination only

when you can’t choose Restart from the Special menu or restart the computer

using the Power key.)

4If your computer still doesn’t restart, turn it off by pressing the standby power button

(

) on the back of the computer. Wait at least 10 seconds, and then turn the computer

on again by pressing the Power key (marked with a

) on the keyboard.

If you suspect that the problem is with other equipment, such as a printer or

an external hard disk that’s attached to your computer, turn that equipment off

for 10 seconds or longer, then turn it on again and restart the Macintosh.

124 Chapter 9

Rebuild your desktop

A process known as “rebuilding the desktop” helps your Macintosh keep

track of data on your startup disks. (Although the hard disk in your computer

is usually the startup disk, you can start up from any other disk that has

system software installed.) It’s a good idea to rebuild your desktop once a

month or so.

Rebuilding your desktop can solve a number of problems. For example, when

application documents are no longer represented by application-specific icons

(and are instead represented by generic icons on the desktop), rebuilding the

desktop fixes the problem. Afterward, appropriate icons should appear for

all documents.

Some extensions may interfere with rebuilding your desktop. To prevent

problems, you’ll need to turn off all extensions except Macintosh Easy Open

before you rebuild your desktop. When you finish rebuilding the desktop, turn

the extensions you normally use back on.

To rebuild the desktop of a startup disk, follow these steps:

1Open the Extensions Manager control panel by choosing Extensions Manager from the

Control Panels submenu of the Apple (

) menu.

2From the Sets pop-up menu, choose Save Set.

3In the Save Set dialog box, type a name for your currently selected extensions (for

example, “My Extensions”) and click OK. The name of your set is added to the Sets

pop-up menu.

This saves your current set of extensions.

4Choose All Off from the Sets pop-up menu to turn off all extensions.

5Turn on Macintosh Easy Open by clicking it in the list so that a checkmark appears

beside it.

You can find Macintosh Easy Open by scrolling down the list of extensions.

Macintosh Easy Open appears under the heading “Control Panels.”

125

Troubleshooting

6Restart your computer while holding down the Command (

) and Option keys.

Hold down the xand Option keys until you see the dialog box that asks if

you’re sure you want to rebuild your desktop file. When the dialog box

appears, you can release the keys.

7Click OK.

The desktop starts rebuilding.

IMPORTANT

Do not stop the desktop-rebuilding process. Doing so could

damage your system files.

8Open the Extensions Manager control panel by choosing Control Panels from the

Apple (

) menu. When the Control Panels window appears, double-click the Extensions

Manager icon.

9From the Sets pop-up menu, choose the name you gave your set of extensions in step 3.

This turns your original set of extensions back on.

10 Restart your computer to activate the extensions.

Solutions to common problems with your computer

This section contains descriptions of problems you could experience with

your computer. Some problems may be caused by your CD-ROM drive, so if

you don’t find your problem included here, be sure to check the section

“Solutions to CD-ROM Problems” later in this chapter.

The computer is turned on but the screen is dark.

One of the following is probably the cause:

mYou have a screen saver application program that darkens the screen when

the computer has not been used for a certain period of time.

Press a key or move the mouse to turn off the screen saver.

mYour computer has gone to sleep because it was inactive. Wake it up by

pressing the Power key (marked with a π) on the keyboard.

126 Chapter 9

mThe monitor’s brightness control (¤) is not adjusted properly.

Check the monitor’s brightness control and turn it up if necessary.

mThe monitor’s contrast control (O) is not adjusted properly.

Check the monitor’s contrast control and adjust it if necessary.

mThe computer or the monitor is not getting power.

Check that the computer’s power cord is firmly connected to the computer

and plugged into a grounded electrical outlet, and that the outlet has power.

Check that the monitor is plugged in and turned on, and that the monitor

cable is firmly connected to both the computer and the monitor.

If you are displaying video from your computer on a television screen, it is

normal for your computer monitor to be dark.

The computer’s clock keeps time inaccurately.

Your computer has a clock that runs continuously. When the computer is

turned off, a battery keeps the clock running. If your clock begins to keep time

inaccurately, have your Apple-authorized service provider replace the battery.

Consult the service and support information that came with your computer

for instructions on how to contact an Apple-authorized service provider.

You inadvertently delete an application from your computer’s hard disk.

You can replace any of the software that came with your computer by

dragging it from the CD-ROM disc that contains system software to your hard

disk. See the section “Copying Files From CD-ROM Discs” in Chapter 5.

WARNING

Do not attempt to replace the clock battery yourself. If the

clock begins to lose accuracy, have an Apple-authorized dealer or

service provider replace the battery. The service provider will dispose of

the battery according to the local environmental guidelines.

127

Troubleshooting

When you start up, a disk icon with a blinking question mark appears in the middle of

the screen.

This icon indicates that your Macintosh cannot find the system software it

needs to start up. One of the following is probably the cause:

mYour computer may be having a problem recognizing external SCSI (Small

Computer System Interface) equipment, such as hard disks, CD-ROM

drives, and scanners that you may have connected to your computer.

Shut down your computer, turn off all external SCSI equipment, and

disconnect the first SCSI device in the chain from your computer’s SCSI

port. Then restart the computer. If the computer starts up after you

disconnect your SCSI equipment, refer both to the manuals that came with

the equipment and Chapter 3 of this manual, which has information on the

proper way to connect SCSI equipment and assign SCSI ID numbers.

If you have a printer connected to your computer’s SCSI port, make sure

your printer is connected properly. Most printers connect to the printer

port, not the SCSI port. Check the manuals that came with your printer for

information on how to connect it properly.

mSystem software is not installed on the startup hard disk, the system

software is damaged, or the hard disk is not working properly.

Start up your computer using the CD-ROM disc that contains system

software. Do this by inserting the CD-ROM disc into the CD-ROM drive

and holding down the C key while you restart the computer. (See the

section “Starting Up From a CD-ROM Disc” later in this chapter if you

need more help.) Then follow the instructions in “Repairing a Damaged

Disk” later in this chapter to test your startup hard disk and repair any

damage.

If repairing the disk doesn’t help, follow the instructions in “Installing or

Reinstalling System Software” later in this chapter to reinstall system

software on your startup hard disk.

128 Chapter 9

A disk icon with an X appears in the middle of the screen and a floppy disk is ejected

from the disk drive.

This icon indicates that the floppy disk you tried to start up from is not a

startup disk. (When you turn on your computer, it looks first in the floppy

disk drive for a disk containing system software. If the disk in the drive does

not contain system software, the computer ejects the disk and looks on its

internal hard disk for system software.)

Wait a few seconds. The computer should start up from its internal hard

disk. Make sure you insert floppy disks only after the computer has begun

starting up.

A “sad Macintosh” icon appears and the computer won’t start up.

This icon indicates that your Macintosh cannot start up because of a problem

with the system software or the computer hardware.

Eject any floppy disks by turning off the computer and then holding down the

mouse button while you turn the computer on again. Try starting up with the

CD-ROM disc that contains system software. Do this by inserting the CD-ROM

disc into the CD-ROM drive and holding down the C key while you restart

the computer. (See the section “Starting Up From a CD-ROM Disc” later in

this chapter if you need more help.) If the “sad Macintosh” icon appears

again, consult the service and support information that came with your

computer for information on contacting an Apple-authorized service provider

or Apple for assistance.

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Troubleshooting

The computer does not start and you have just installed DIMMs, a High Performance

Module, or expansion cards.

You may need to press the reset button on the main logic board.

mOpen your computer following the instructions in “Opening the

Computer,” in Appendix B of this manual.

mPress the reset button on the logic board, and then slide the logic board

back into the computer.

mReconnect all cables and then restart your computer.

When you press the reset button, some of your computer’s software settings

change. You should open the control panels for the date and time, keyboard,

and mouse to make sure that they are set the way you want them. For more

information about working with control panels, see the “Customizing Your

Computer” topic area of Macintosh Guide (or Mac OS Guide), available in

the Guide (h) menu.

1 Press the reset button.

2 Gently but firmly push

on the vertical plate until

the logic board is solidly

back in place.

130 Chapter 9

The hard disk icon does not appear on the desktop.

If you don’t see a hard disk icon on the desktop, try the following:

mUse the Drive Setup program to make the disk available. Drive Setup is on

the CD-ROM disc that contains system software. For instructions on using

Drive Setup, follow the instructions in “Checking for Damage on Your

Hard Disk” in the section “Testing and Repairing a Damaged Disk” later in

this chapter.

mIf the hard disk is internal, shut down your computer, wait at least

10 seconds, and then turn it on again.

mIf the hard disk is external, make sure that it is turned on and that its cable

is connected firmly; then restart the Macintosh.

mCheck the ID numbers of all SCSI equipment (anything connected to the

SCSI port [g]) connected to your computer. Each SCSI device must have

its own unique ID number. If your computer came with the optional

CD-ROM drive installed, the CD-ROM drive has SCSI ID number 3. See

the manuals that came with your SCSI equipment, in conjunction with

Chapter 3 in this manual, for information on setting SCSI ID numbers.

mIf the hard disk is your startup disk, start your computer with the CD-ROM

disc that contains system software. Do this by inserting the CD-ROM disc

into the CD-ROM drive and holding down the C key while you restart the

computer. (See the section “Starting Up From a CD-ROM Disc” later in

this chapter if you need more help.) Then follow the instructions in

“Repairing a Damaged Disk” later in this chapter to test your startup hard

disk and repair any damage.

If repairing the disk doesn’t help, follow the instructions in “Installing or

Reinstalling System Software” later in this chapter to reinstall system

software on your startup hard disk.

Icons do not appear correctly on your screen.

You need to rebuild the desktop—a process that helps your Macintosh keep

track of files and folders on your hard disk. For instructions, see “Rebuild

Your Desktop” in the section “If You Have Trouble” earlier in this chapter.

If icons do not appear correctly after you rebuild the desktop, try rebuilding a

second time.

131

Troubleshooting

Your Macintosh can’t read a floppy disk.

If you see a message that a floppy disk is unreadable, try one of the following:

mIf the disk has never been used, you may simply need to initialize it—that

is, prepare it for use. For instructions, see the “Disks” topic area of

Macintosh Guide (or Mac OS Guide), available in the Guide (h) menu.

mThe disk may be damaged. See “Testing and Repairing a Damaged Disk”

later in this chapter for information on testing and repairing disks.

mThe disk may have been formatted for use on another kind of computer.

You may be able to use an application that lets you work with such disks on

your Macintosh.

If you are trying unsuccessfully to use a DOS floppy disk, consider the

following:

mWhen formatting floppy disks on a DOS computer for use in a Macintosh,

you need to format standard double-sided disks as 720K disks and high-

density disks as 1440K disks. Double-sided disks formatted in 1440K

format and high-density disks formatted in 720K format may not work in

a Macintosh.

If you think your DOS floppy disk might have a format that doesn’t work

in a Macintosh, use a DOS computer to copy the contents of the disk onto

a properly formatted disk.

mMake sure the PC Exchange control panel is in the Control Panels folder

(available in the Apple [K] menu) and that it is turned on. To turn on PC

Exchange, open the Extensions Manager control panel and click the PC

Exchange item (under the Control Panels heading) to make a checkmark

appear. Then restart your computer.

132 Chapter 9

Your computer starts up and you see large folder-shaped areas, containing labeled

pictorial buttons, instead of the usual Macintosh desktop.

mYour computer may have started up from a CD-ROM disc containing

At Ease, an alternative to the Macintosh desktop. You need to have the

Macintosh desktop on your screen before you can use any of the software

installation instructions in this manual.

To return to the Macintosh desktop, choose Shut Down from the Special

menu. When your computer is off, restart the computer, then press the

Open/Close button of your CD-ROM drive to open the tray. Remove the

CD-ROM disc. Close the tray. Then start up your computer again.

To avoid having the computer start up from a CD-ROM disc, remember to

remove any disc in the drive before you shut down your computer.

You can’t eject a floppy disk.

For instructions on ejecting any disk (a floppy disk, a CD-ROM disc, or a

removable media disk), see the “Disks” topic area of Macintosh Guide (or

Mac OS Guide), available in the Guide (h) menu. If you can’t eject a floppy

disk in the usual way, by selecting the disk’s icon and choosing Put Away from

the File menu or by dragging the disk’s icon to the Trash, try the following

in order:

mHold down the xand Shift keys and press the number 1 key on your

keyboard to eject a disk in the internal disk drive.

mTur n off the computer. If the disk isn’t ejected, then hold down the button on

your mouse or other pointing device while you turn the computer on again.

mLocate the small hole near the disk drive’s opening, and carefully insert the

end of a large straightened paper clip into it. Push gently until the disk is

ejected. Do not use excessive force.

If none of these solutions works, take the computer or disk drive to your

Apple-authorized service provider to have the disk removed.

Emergency ejection hole

133

Troubleshooting

You can’t start an application program or it quits unexpectedly. Or, when you try to open

an application, you see a message that not enough memory is available.

One of the following is probably the cause:

mThe computer ran out of memory.

Quit the programs that you have open and then open the program you want

to use, or restart your computer.

Use the Memory control panel to turn on virtual memory. For more

information on virtual memory, see the “Memory” topic area of Macintosh

Guide (or Mac OS Guide), available in the Guide (h) menu.

mThe program needs more memory.

Use the program’s Info window to give it more memory. For more information

on increasing an application’s memory, see the “Memory” topic area of

Macintosh Guide (or Mac OS Guide), available in the Guide (h) menu.

mSometimes incompatible system extensions or control panels can cause

software problems. Restart while holding down the Shift key to temporarily

turn off all system extensions.

If your program works normally after you do this, use the Extensions

Manager control panel (in the Control Panels folder, available in the Apple

[K] menu) to turn on individual extensions and control panels. Restart after

you turn on each extension. This procedure should identify incompatible

extensions and control panels. (If you just added new software to your

computer, its system extension is the most probable cause of the problem.)

For detailed instructions, see the information about managing system

extensions in the “Customizing Your Computer” topic area of Macintosh

Guide (or Mac OS Guide), available in the Guide (h) menu.

If your program performs better when a particular extension or control

panel is turned off, contact the software’s manufacturer for information or

an upgrade.

134 Chapter 9

A dialog box with a bomb appears.

There is a software problem.

mWrite down what you were doing when the message appeared, and write

down the text of the message.

mRestart your computer. (See “Start Over by Restarting Your Computer” in

the section “If You Have Trouble” earlier in this chapter.) Most software

problems are temporary, and restarting usually corrects the problem.

mIf the problem recurs, check the startup disk and application program you

were using when the dialog box appeared. Make sure that all programs,

desk accessories, and system extensions you’re using are compatible with

the system software (as described in the next paragraph). Reinstalling the

system software may correct the problem. See “Installing or Reinstalling

System Software” later in this chapter to reinstall system software on your

startup hard disk.

mSometimes incompatible system extensions or control panels can cause

system software problems. Restart while holding down the Shift key; this

temporarily turns off all system extensions. If your computer works

normally after you do this, use the Extensions Manager control panel (in

the Control Panels folder, available in the Apple [K] menu) to turn on

extensions and control panels one at a time. Restart after you turn on each

extension. This procedure should identify incompatible extensions and

control panels. (If you just added new software to your computer, its

system extension is the most probable cause of the problem.) For detailed

instructions, see the information about managing system extensions in the

“Customizing Your Computer” topic area of Macintosh Guide (or Mac OS

Guide), available in the Guide (h) menu.

If your computer performs better when a particular extension or control

panel is turned off, contact the software’s manufacturer for information or

an upgrade.

135

Troubleshooting

mIf the problem recurs, you may need to reinstall system software. See

“Installing or Reinstalling System Software” later in this chapter to

reinstall system software on your startup hard disk.

mIf the problem only occurs in one application, try reinstalling the

application from the original disks. If reinstalling doesn’t solve the

problem, contact the manufacturer of the application.

The pointer (

) doesn’t move when you move the mouse.

One of the following situations is probably the cause.

mThere is a software problem. Try the following:

Press x-Option-Esc to quit the application program in use when the

problem occurred. If this works, you can save the documents open in other

programs before restarting.

Restart your computer. See “Start Over by Restarting Your Computer” in

the section “If You Have Trouble” earlier in this chapter for instructions.

mFollow the suggestions in the previous section,“A Dialog Box With a

Bomb Appears.”

mThe mouse or keyboard is not connected properly.

IMPORTANT

Do not connect or disconnect the mouse while the computer is

turned on. You may damage your computer.

Tur n off the computer by pressing the Power key (marked with a π). Then

press the Return key to shut down the computer, If that doesn’t work, turn

off the computer by pressing the standby power button (®) on the back of

the computer. With the computer off, check that the mouse and keyboard

cables are connected properly. Then restart the computer.

136 Chapter 9

mSignals from the mouse are not reaching the computer, either because the

mouse needs cleaning or because there is something wrong with it.

Clean the mouse according to the instructions in Appendix A of this book.

If you have another mouse or pointing device, try connecting and using it.

(Turn the computer off before connecting it.) If the new device works, there

is probably something wrong with the mouse you replaced.

If none of these procedures solves the problem, consult the service and

support information that came with your computer for instructions on how to

contact an Apple-authorized service provider or Apple for assistance.

Typing on the keyboard produces nothing on the screen.

One of the following is probably the cause:

mYou haven’t selected any text or set the insertion point (i).

Make sure the program you want to type in is the active program. Then

place the pointer (8)in the active window and click to set an insertion point

(i) or drag to select text (if you want to replace the text with your typing).

mIf the computer beeps every time you press a key, Easy Access is probably

turned on. Open the Extensions Manager control panel in the Control

Panels folder in the Apple (K) menu. Click the checkmark next to Easy

Access to remove the checkmark and to turn off Easy Access. Then restart

your computer.

mThe keyboard is not connected properly.

Tur n off the computer by pressing the standby power button (®) at the

back of the computer. With the computer off, check that the keyboard cable

is connected properly at both ends. Then start up the computer again.

mSome system software features are turned on that affect the way the

keyboard works.

Open Easy Access from the control panels listed under the Apple (K)

menu and turn off Sticky Keys, Slow Keys, and Mouse Keys.

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Troubleshooting

mThere is a software problem.

Restart your Macintosh. For instructions, see “Start Over by Restarting Your

Computer” in the section “If You Have Trouble” earlier in this chapter.

Check the startup disk and application program you were using when the

problem occurred. To check that the programs and the system extensions

you’re using are compatible with the system software, restart while holding

down the Shift key; this temporarily turns off all system extensions. If your

computer works normally after you do this, use the Extensions Manager

control panel to turn on extensions and control panels one at a time.

Restart after you turn on each extension. This procedure should identify

incompatible extensions and control panels that may be causing the

problem. (If you just added new software to your computer, its system

extension is the most probable cause of the problem.) For detailed

instructions, see the information about managing system extensions in the

“Customizing Your Computer” topic area of Macintosh Guide (or Mac OS

Guide), available in the Guide (h) menu.

If the problem recurs, you may need to reinstall system software. See

“Installing or Reinstalling System Software” later in this chapter to

reinstall system software on your startup hard disk..

mThe keyboard is damaged.

If you have access to another keyboard, try using it instead. (Turn the

computer off before connecting it.) If the new keyboard works, there is

probably something wrong with the original keyboard.

If none of these procedures solves the problem, consult the service and

support information that came with your computer for instructions on how to

contact an Apple-authorized service provider or Apple for assistance.

138 Chapter 9

You can’t open a document, or you see a message that an application program can’t

be found.

mSome documents can be opened by more than one application program.

Try starting an application that you think might be able to open the

document. Then choose Open from the application’s File menu to try to

open the document.

mPurchase and install the correct software to use the document, or find out

if the creator of the document can convert it to a form that one of your

programs can use.

mDon’t try to open the files in your System Folder. Most of the files in your

System Folder are used by your computer for internal purposes and are not

intended to be opened.

mRebuild your desktop. Follow the instructions in “Rebuild Your Desktop” in

the section “If You Have Trouble” earlier in this chapter.

mIf the document is from a DOS computer, use the PC Exchange control

panel (in the Control Panels folder, available in the Apple [K] menu) to

specify which Macintosh program will open the document. For

information about working with DOS documents on your Macintosh,

see the information about DOS in Macintosh Guide (or Mac OS Guide),

available in the Guide (h) menu.

Your computer won’t restart, and a CD-ROM disc is in the CD-ROM drive.

mYour computer may be trying to start up from the CD-ROM disc. Press the

Open/Close button of your CD-ROM drive to open the tray, and remove

the CD-ROM disc. Close the tray, then restart your computer.

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Troubleshooting

You experience problems using a document from a DOS computer.

If you can’t open a DOS document using a Macintosh application, try the

following:

mOpen the document from within the program by choosing Open in the

application’s File menu.

mUse the PC Exchange control panel (in the Control Panels folder, available

in the Apple [K] menu) to specify which Macintosh application will open

the document.

If a DOS document is displayed incorrectly, or you see strange codes or

characters in the document, try one of the following:

mYour application may have special procedures for opening and saving

documents with different file formats. See the information that came with

your application, or call the application’s publisher.

mTry opening the document in another application.

Note: Some characters that can be displayed on the Macintosh are not

accurately displayed on DOS computers.

For more information about working with DOS documents on your

Macintosh, see the information about using DOS in Macintosh Guide (or

Mac OS Guide), available in the Guide (h) menu.

You see a message that your application can’t be opened because a file can’t be found.

Macintosh applications designed specifically for the PowerPC microprocessor

(also called “native” applications) use special files called shared libraries. Any

necessary shared libraries should be installed automatically when you install

these special Macintosh applications.

Follow the directions that came with your application to reinstall the

application. If the shared library is still missing, contact the software

application’s manufacturer for assistance.

140 Chapter 9

You experience problems using an older Macintosh application.

Some older Macintosh applications are not completely compatible with

Macintosh computers that have the PowerPC microprocessor.

mOpen the Memory control panel (in the Control Panels folder available in

the Apple [K] menu) and turn off Modern Memory Manager.

mIf that doesn’t work, contact the application’s publisher to see if an upgrade

is available.

You plug headphones into your monitor, but still hear sound coming out of your

computer.

mPlug your headphones into the headphone jack (f) on the front of the

computer.

mIf you want to keep the headphones connected to the monitor, manually

turn down the subwoofer. Turn the knob in the subwoofer balance control

port (Ï) counterclockwise to turn off the subwoofer volume. Remember to

turn it back up the next time you want to hear the subwoofer.

You’re listening through headphones, but the sound is odd.

You may have 3D Surround Sound turned on. To turn it off, open

the Monitors & Sound control panel, which can be found in the Apple (K)

menu, and click the Sound icon. Then click the checkbox to remove the

checkmark next to “Enabled.” 3D Surround Sound doesn’t work well

through headphones.

The subwoofer balance control (

) on the back of your computer is not affecting

the volume.

The subwoofer balance control affects the subwoofer volume only when there

are external speakers plugged into the jack on the back of the computer, or

the computer’s monitor has built-in speakers. Otherwise, the subwoofer

balance control (Ï) has no effect on your computer’s overall volume. Adjust

your computer’s volume with the sound controls on the front of the computer

or monitor, with the volume control sliders in the Monitors & Sound control

panel (in the Apple [K] menu), or with the volume controls in AppleCD

Audio Player (if you’re listening to an audio CD).

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Troubleshooting

You can’t record sound using an external microphone or the microphone built in to

your monitor.

mAny time you want to record sound using an external microphone, you

need to make sure your sound input source is set to “External

Microphone.” Open the Monitors & Sound control panel in the Control

Panels folder, available in the Apple (K) menu, click the Sound icon, and

choose “External Microphone” from the Sound Input pop-up menu.

mIf you’re using your monitor’s built-in microphone to record, use the

Monitors & Sound control panel to make the monitor’s speakers mute. In

the same control panel, make sure that the sound input is set to the

monitor’s built-in microphone.

For additional help, see the “Sound” topic area of Macintosh Guide (or

Mac OS Guide), available in the Guide (h) menu in the upper-right corner of

your screen.

Your screen displays a right-angle-bracket prompt (

If you inadvertently press the xkey and the Power key (marked with a π) at

the same time, you may see a right-angle-bracket prompt (>) on your screen.

To return to the Macintosh desktop, type the letter G and press Return.

Solutions to CD-ROM problems

Problems using the optional CD-ROM drive

The CD-ROM drive icon does not appear on the screen.

mIf you have SCSI devices (anything connected to the SCSI port [g])

attached to your computer, make sure that each device has a unique

SCSI ID number (your CD-ROM drive has SCSI ID 3). Refer to the

documentation that came with your SCSI devices if you need to reset

SCSI ID numbers.

mIf you reinstalled the CD-ROM software, make sure to restart your

computer afterward.

142 Chapter 9

mMake sure that the Apple CD-ROM extension is turned on in the

Extensions Manager control panel. Open the Extensions Manager control

panel in the Control Panels folder, available in the Apple (K) menu. Click

to put a checkmark next to “Apple CD-ROM.” Then restart your computer.

mIf you installed a CD-ROM drive after you bought your computer, make

sure the CD-ROM software that came with the drive is installed. See the

manual that came with the CD-ROM drive for software installation

instructions. (The CD-ROM software is already installed on Macintosh

computers that come with CD-ROM drives.)

You’ve just ejected a CD, but the computer keeps asking you to reinsert it.

mThe right way to eject a CD-ROM disc is either to select the CD-ROM disc

and choose Put Away from the File menu or to drag the CD-ROM disc’s

icon to the trash. If you select the CD-ROM disc and choose Eject Disk

from the Special menu, the computer keeps the CD-ROM disc in its

memory and continually asks you to reinsert it. Reinsert the CD-ROM

disc, then drag its icon to the Trash. (You won’t lose information on the

CD-ROM disc by dragging its icon to the Trash.)

Your computer starts up and you see large folder-shaped areas, containing labeled

pictorial buttons, instead of the usual Macintosh desktop.

mYour computer may have started up from a CD-ROM disc containing

At Ease, an alternative to the Macintosh desktop. You need to have the

Macintosh desktop on your screen before you can use any of the software

installation instructions in this manual.

To return to the Macintosh desktop, choose Shut Down from the Special

menu. After your computer has shut down, restart it. Then press the

Open/Close button of your CD-ROM drive to open the tray. Remove the

CD-ROM disc, close the tray, and start up your computer again.

To avoid having the computer start up from a CD-ROM disc, remember to

remove any disc in the drive before you shut down your computer.

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Troubleshooting

The tray of your CD-ROM drive won’t open.

If a CD-ROM disc icon appears on your screen, use one of these methods:

mSelect the disc icon on your screen and drag the icon to the Trash. You won’t

lose information on the CD-ROM disc by dragging its icon to the Trash.

mSelect the disc icon and choose the Put Away command in the File menu.

mIf the AppleCD Audio Player window is active, choose Eject CD from the

File menu, or simultaneously press the xand E keys. (AppleCD Audio

Player is an application that allows you to play audio CDs and control your

CD-ROM drive; it’s available in the Apple [K] menu.)

If you see a message that a disc can’t be put away because it is being

shared, turn off file sharing. Then try again to put away the disc.

If no CD-ROM disc icon appears on your screen, do this:

mPress the Open/Close button of your CD-ROM drive.

mIf the tray still doesn’t open, turn off your computer, then do the following:

Locate the small pinhole to the lower right of the CD-ROM tray opening.

Insert the end of a large straightened paper clip firmly and horizontally

into the pinhole and push gently until the tray is released. Then carefully

pull the tray open. Do not force the tray open; wait until the paper clip has

released it or you may break the front of the tray.

If neither of these suggestions works, your CD-ROM drive may be damaged.

Contact an Apple-authorized service provider or Apple for further assistance.

Your computer won’t restart, and a CD-ROM disc is in the CD-ROM drive.

mYour computer may be trying to start up from the CD-ROM disc. Press the

Open/Close button of your CD-ROM drive to open the tray, and remove

the CD-ROM disc. Close the tray, then restart your computer.

You can’t eject a CD-ROM disc by pushing the Open/Close button on the drive

mWhen a CD-ROM disc is mounted (there is a disc in the drive and its icon

appears on your desktop), you must eject it by dragging its icon to the

Trash or clicking its icon and choosing Put Away from the File menu.

WARNING

Turn off your computer before you attempt to eject the tray

using a paper clip. If you don’t, you may damage the CD-ROM drive.

144 Chapter 9

Problems using CD-ROM discs

You insert a CD-ROM disc, but its icon doesn’t appear on the Macintosh desktop.

mMake sure that the disc label is facing up and the disc is centered in the

tray. If you are using a small (8 cm) disc, make sure your computer is as

level as possible and the disc is centered within the inside ring on the tray.

mMake sure the tray is closed all the way.

mTry restarting your computer.

mTry starting your computer from the CD-ROM disc that contains system

software while holding down the C key. (See the section “Starting Up From

a CD-ROM Disc” later in this chapter). If only the hard disk icon appears

on the desktop, then there may be a hardware problem with your CD-ROM

drive. If the CD-ROM disc icon appears above the hard disk icon, reinstall

your CD-ROM software. The easiest way to do this is by reinstalling your

system software following the instructions later in this chapter, “Installing

or Reinstalling System Software.”

CD-ROM software is already installed on Macintosh computers that come

with CD-ROM drives. You can reinstall it by reinstalling your system

software, following the instructions later in this chapter, “Installing or

Reinstalling System Software.”

mMake sure that the Apple CD-ROM extension is turned on in the

Extensions Manager control panel. Open the Extensions Manager control

panel in the Control Panels folder, available in the Apple (K) menu. Click

to put a checkmark next to “Apple CD-ROM,” then restart your computer.

mIf you installed the CD-ROM drive after you bought your computer, make

sure the CD-ROM software is installed. Refer to the documentation that

came with the CD-ROM drive. (The CD-ROM software is already installed

on Macintosh computers that come with CD-ROM drives.)

mIf file sharing is on and you are having trouble ejecting a disc, turn file

sharing off in the Sharing Setup control panel in the Control Panels folder,

available through the Apple (K) menu.

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Troubleshooting

Your computer displays the message “This is not a Macintosh disk: Do you want to

initialize it?” when you insert a CD-ROM disc in the CD-ROM drive.

mMake sure that the Foreign File Access and Audio CD Access CD-ROM

extensions are installed and turned on. You can find them in your

Extensions folder in the System Folder on your hard disk. If they are not

turned on, use the Extensions Manager control panel in the Control Panels

folder, available in the Apple (K) menu to turn them on. (Click to put

checkmarks beside them.) Then restart your computer.

mMake sure the CD-ROM software is installed. (The CD-ROM software is

already installed on Macintosh computers that come with CD-ROM drives.)

If you installed a CD-ROM drive after buying your computer, see the

manual that came with the drive.

mThe disc may use a format that the computer cannot recognize. Ask the

disc’s manufacturer for a disc that a Macintosh can recognize.

Your computer unexpectedly ejects a CD-ROM disc without giving you any error message.

mMake sure the disc is flat in the tray and the disc label is facing up.

IMPORTANT

If you’re using a small (8 cm) disc, make sure it’s centered

within the tray’s inner ring and the computer is absolutely level. An

improperly seated small disc in your computer may result in damage to

the disc, the CD-ROM drive, or both.

mThe disc may need to be cleaned. (See “Handling CD-ROM Discs” in the

section “Handling Your Computer Equipment” in Appendix A.) If there are

visible scratches on the shiny side of the disc, you may be able to remove

them with a CD-ROM disc polishing kit (available from your audio CD

dealer). If the scratches can’t be removed, you need to replace the disc.

mThe disc may be damaged. Try another disc in the drive, and try the

original disc in another drive. If the original drive reads other discs or if

the original disc also doesn’t work in another drive, the disc is probably

damaged. You need to replace it.

146 Chapter 9

You can’t open a document on a CD-ROM disc.

mTry opening the application program first; then open the document.

mRead the manual that came with your CD-ROM disc. Some discs come with

software that you need to install on your computer’s hard disk before using

the CD-ROM disc.

You can’t save changes you make to information on a CD-ROM disc.

mA CD-ROM disc is a read-only medium. This means that information can

be read (retrieved) from it, but not written (stored) on it. You can save the

changed information on a hard disk or floppy disk.

Problems using ISO 9660 or High Sierra discs

You cannot access files on a CD-ROM disc that uses the ISO 9660 or High Sierra format.

mDiscs in the ISO 9660 and High Sierra disc formats have version numbers

attached to file names. Some application programs need these version

numbers in order to work with files. To make the version numbers

available to applications on your computer, follow these instructions.

Drag the CD-ROM disc icon to the Trash. When the tray opens, hold down

the Option key while you push the tray back in. Continue to hold down the

Option key until the disc icon reappears on the screen, then release the

Option key. The application you are using should now be able to locate file

names on that CD-ROM disc.

mMake sure that Foreign File Access, ISO 9660 File Access, and High Sierra

File Access are present in the Extensions folder in your System Folder on

your hard disk.

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Troubleshooting

Problems playing audio CDs

You don’t hear any sound when you play an audio CD using the AppleCD Audio Player.

mIf you have headphones or speakers connected to the computer, adjust the

connectors to make sure they are firmly connected. Make sure the volume

control on your headphones or speakers is not turned down too low.

mIf you do not have headphones or speakers connected to the computer,

make sure that nothing else is plugged into the sound output port (-) on

the back of your computer.

mIf you are trying to play an audio CD over a network, you won’t be able to

hear it. Play audio CDs in your computer’s CD-ROM drive.

mMake sure the volume is turned up in the AppleCD Audio Player. With the

Audio Player open, drag the volume control slider up, use the volume

controls on your computer, or press the Up arrow key on your keyboard.

mThe CD may have been paused. Click the Play/Pause button in the

AppleCD Audio Player once or twice.

mIf your CD-ROM drive was installed after you bought your computer, make

sure the audio cable is properly connected. See the documentation that

came with the CD-ROM drive.

While playing an audio track on a CD-ROM disc that combines audio tracks and data,

you double-click the disc icon and the audio track stops playing.

mYou can’t open data files on a CD-ROM disc and listen to audio tracks on

that disc at the same time.

You are unable to record sound from an audio CD.

mCheck your computer’s sound input port to see if a microphone or other

device is connected.

mYou may need to reset the sound options in the Monitors & Sound control

panel. Refer to the “Sound” topic area of Macintosh Guide (or Mac OS

Guide), available in the Guide (h) menu.

You insert an audio CD-ROM disc and it begins playing immediately.

mYour computer is set to automatically begin playing audio CDs when they

are inserted. To turn off this feature, use the QuickTime Settings control panel

available under the Apple [K] menu to change the automatic play setting.

148 Chapter 9

Problems using Photo CDs

You insert a Photo CD disc, but its icon doesn’t appear on the desktop.

mReinstall the CD-ROM and QuickTime software. The easiest way to do

this is by reinstalling your system software, following the instructions later

in this chapter in “Installing or Reinstalling System Software.”

Your computer does not display color icons for individual images on a Photo CD.

mYour computer may be low on memory. To view color icons, restart your

computer and then reopen the Photos folder. See the “Memory” topic area

of Macintosh Guide (or Mac OS Guide), available in the Guide (h) menu,

for more information on managing memory.

After you open an image file on a Photo CD, the image is scrambled, colors are displayed

incorrectly, or no image appears in the window.

mThe application you are using may not be designed to work with large

(high-resolution) image files. You can open the image with another

application or you can assign more memory to the application. (See the

“Memory” topic area of Macintosh Guide [or Mac OS Guide], available in

the Guide [h] menu, for more information on managing memory.)

After you open an image on a Photo CD, your system is “frozen” and does not respond

to any input, or you have a “bomb” message on your screen.

mRestart your computer. (If you need help restarting your computer, see

“Start Over by Restarting Your Computer” in the section “If You Have

Trouble” at the beginning of this chapter.) The application you are using

may not be designed to work with large (high-resolution) image files. You

can open the image with another application or you can assign more

memory to the application. See the “Memory” topic area of Macintosh

Guide (or Mac OS Guide), available in the Guide (h) menu, for more

information on managing memory.

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Troubleshooting

If your computer’s performance decreases

If you notice a decrease in your computer’s speed and general performance

after you install special software (a control panel, system extension, or custom

utility), it may be because the software is not compatible with Macintosh

computers built with the PowerPC microprocessor.

mTo fi nd out if a system extension or control panel is the problem, hold

down the Shift key while you restart the computer. This temporarily turns

off control panels and extensions. If the computer performs better without

these software items, one of them is likely to be the problem. (If you just

added new software, its system extension, control panel, or custom utility is

potentially the cause of the problem.)

To fi nd out which software is the problem, use the Extensions Manager

control panel (in the Control Panels folder, available in the Apple [K]

menu) to turn off a system extension or set of extensions and then restart

your computer. (If you just added new software to your computer, its

system extension is the most probable cause of the problem.) For detailed

instructions, see the information about managing system extensions in the

“Customizing Your Computer” topic area of Macintosh Guide (or Mac OS

Guide), available in the Guide (h) menu. If the computer performs better

when an extension is turned off, contact the extension’s manufacturer for

information or an upgrade.

mUse the Memory control panel to turn off virtual memory. For more

information on virtual memory, see the “Memory” topic area of Macintosh

Guide (or Mac OS Guide), available in the Guide (h) menu.

If you still do not notice an improvement, you may want to reinstall system

software on your startup hard disk. See the instructions later in this chapter in

“Installing or Reinstalling System Software.”

If you typically use several application programs at the same time, your

computer’s performance will increase if you install more RAM (random-

access memory). See Appendix B, “Installing Expansion Cards or Additional

Memory.”

150 Chapter 9

Troubleshooting 3D acceleration

The performance advantage of any 3D accelerator varies depending on the

type of scene being rendered. You may find that some applications show the

benefits of acceleration more than others.

3D rendering does not appear to be accelerated.

Check the following items:

mMake sure that your monitor resolution is set to 640 x 480 at 16 bit

(thousands of colors). Refer to the Te c h n i c a l In fo r m a t i o n booklet for modes

that support 3D acceleration. (Note: 3D acceleration is not enabled in 8-bit

[256 color] mode.

mMake sure that your application uses QuickDraw 3D. Some older 3D

applications don’t use QuickDraw 3D for rendering, and cannot be

accelerated.

mIf the control strip is overlapping or touching the 3D window, hide the

control strip or move the window.

mSome applications allow you to turn hardware acceleration on or off. Check

your application’s documentation to be sure that hardware acceleration is

turned on.

mCheck that the following files are in the Extensions folder, which is in the

System Folder:

mAT I 3D Accelerator

mATI Gr a phics Accelerator

mATI Video Memory Manager

Your 3D application appears to have performance problems.

mTur n off virtual memory.

Apple Computer recommends turning off virtual memory whenever you use

3D applications.

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Troubleshooting

When you try to start an application that uses QuickDraw 3D you get the message, “The

application ‘application name’ could not be launched because QuickDraw 3D could not

be found.”

mMake sure that the following files are in the Extensions folder, inside the

System Folder:

mQuickDraw 3D

mQuickDraw 3D RAVE

mQuickDraw 3D Viewer

mQuickDraw 3D IR

If the files are there and you still get the message, it means that you don’t have

enough memory to run the application. You may be able to open the

application if you try one or more of the following:

mQuit other open applications.

mReduce the amount of memory allocated to the application. Follow these

steps:

1Select the application’s icon in the Finder.

2Choose Get Info from the File menu.

3Type a lower number in the boxes for Minimum Size and Preferred Size.

mInstall more memory (RAM).

152 Chapter 9

Solving printer problems

The following suggestions should work for all printers. (Note: Also refer to

the manual that came with the printer.)

mMake sure that the printer driver for your printer is turned on in the

Extensions Manager control panel (in the Control Panels folder, available

in the Apple [K] menu). To find out the name of the printer driver—for

example, LaserWriter—refer to the documentation that came with your

printer. The printer driver should appear in the Extensions list and have a

checkmark beside it. (Click to put a checkmark beside it, and then restart

your computer.)

mCheck your printer settings in the Chooser (available in the Apple [K]

menu), making sure you have selected the correct printer. If you are using a

printer that is shared by other computer users (a printer on a local

network), make sure that AppleTalk (in the lower-right corner of the

Chooser) is active. If you are using your own printer (a serial printer

connected to your computer), make sure that AppleTalk is inactive.

mTur n off the computer and printer and check the printer cable connections.

mIf none of these suggestions solves the problem, you may need to reinstall

the printer driver that came with your printer. Refer to the manual that

came with your printer.

Note: If you have an Apple printer, you need to determine which printer

driver to reinstall—the one that came on a floppy disk with your printer or

the driver that comes on the system software CD-ROM disc (both drivers

must have identical names). You should install the driver that has the most

recent date. You can see the date of a driver file by inserting its disk and

choosing to view its contents by Name (select “by Name” from the View

menu). To install the printer driver from the CD-ROM disc, drag it to the

System Folder on your hard disk and then click OK. To install the printer

driver that came on a floppy disk with your printer, refer to the manuals that

came with the printer for instructions.

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Troubleshooting

Starting up from a CD-ROM disc

To i n i tia lize, test, or repair a hard disk, or to install system software on a hard

disk, you need to start up your computer from the CD-ROM disc containing

system software that came with the computer.

To star t up the computer using the CD-ROM disc, either use a control panel

to set the CD-ROM drive as your startup drive, or follow these steps:

1Turn your computer on.

2Immediately press the Open/Close button on your CD-ROM drive, quickly insert the

CD-ROM disc containing system software into the drive, and close the tray.

3Immediately press the C key on your keyboard.

Continue to hold down the key until you see the “Welcome to Macintosh”

message.

If a blinking question mark appears, or if the computer starts up from your

hard disk: You did not insert the CD-ROM disc into the drive quickly enough

for the computer to recognize it as a startup disk. Follow these steps:

1Shut down your computer.

The CD-ROM disc will remain in the CD-ROM drive.

2Turn the computer on.

3Immediately press the C key on the keyboard.

Continue to hold down the key until you see the “Welcome to Macintosh”

message.

154 Chapter 9

Starting up from a floppy disk

To i n i tia lize, test, or repair a hard disk, or to install system software on a

hard disk, you need to start up your computer from another disk. Usually, you

start up using the built-in CD-ROM drive (if you have one). However, if you

can’t use the CD-ROM drive for some reason, you can also start up the

computer from the floppy drive using the Disk Tools floppy disk. (Note that

the Disk Tools floppy disk is created from files that are on the CD-ROM disc

that contains system software—if you cannot use your CD-ROM drive, you’ll

need to find another Macintosh with a CD-ROM drive that you can use.)

Disk Tools is available as a disk image file on the CD-ROM disc that contains

system software. (A disk image file is a file that contains a compressed

version of a floppy disk’s contents.) To create a Disk Tools floppy disk, insert

the CD-ROM disc that contains system software and a floppy disk, then

double-click the Disk Tools disk image file on the CD-ROM disc. This

launches an application called Disk Copy that carries out the process of

creating the floppy disk from the disk image file. Refer to the Disk Copy Read

Me file for more information about using Disk Copy.

To start up your computer using a floppy disk, follow these steps:

1Shut down or turn off your computer.

2Insert the

Disk Tools

floppy disk into the disk drive.

3Restart or turn on the computer.

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Troubleshooting

Testing and repairing a damaged disk

If you see a message reporting that a disk is damaged or unreadable, you may

need to repair the disk.

Tr y th ese suggestions first

If you can’t start up from a hard disk or you don’t see the hard disk icon on the

desktop, try the following:

mIf the hard disk is internal, shut down your Macintosh, wait at least

10 seconds, and then turn it on again.

mIf the hard disk is external, make sure that it is turned on and that its cable

is connected firmly; then restart the Macintosh.

mIf the hard disk is your startup disk and neither of the two previous

suggestions help, start up with a different startup disk. (See the previous

section, “Starting Up From a CD-ROM Disc.”)

If, after you start up from a different disk, your hard disk’s icon appears on

your desktop, reinstall system software on the hard disk. (See the

instructions later in this chapter in “Installing or Reinstalling System

Software.”)

mCheck the ID numbers of all SCSI equipment (anything connected to

the SCSI port [g]) on your computer. Each device must have a unique

ID number. The computer itself (the main logic board inside it) has

the ID number 7, the internal CD-ROM drive (if you have one) has the ID

number 3, and the optional internal Zip drive has the ID number 5. The ID

numbers 0, 1, 2, 4, and 6 are available for additional SCSI devices.

Also check that the chain of devices is terminated properly. For

information on setting SCSI ID numbers and terminating a SCSI chain,

see both the manuals that came with your SCSI equipment and Chapter 3

of this manual.

mIf none of these suggestions solves the problem, test the disk by following

the instructions given in “Checking for Damage on Your Hard Disk,” next.

156 Chapter 9

Checking for damage on your hard disk

You can test a hard disk for damage with the Drive Setup application, which is

on the CD-ROM disc that contains system software, and came with your

computer.

1Start up your computer from the CD-ROM disc that contains system software.

See “Starting Up From a CD-ROM Disc” earlier in this chapter.

2Double-click the Drive Setup icon.

You may need to look in a folder called Disk Tools to find Drive Setup.

3In the List of Drives, click the disk you want to test.

4From the Functions menu, choose Test Disk.

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Troubleshooting

5When a message tells you that the testing is complete, click Quit.

If the test reveals a problem, you may be able to correct it by using Disk First

Aid or another disk repair application (see the instructions that are next in

this section), or you may need to reinitialize the disk (see “Initializing a Hard

Disk” later in this chapter). Consult an Apple-authorized service provider for

assistance if necessary. If you had a hard disk from another manufacturer

installed after you bought your computer, use the software that came with the

disk or contact the disk manufacturer to get the latest version of software.

How to repair a hard disk or floppy disk

You can repair some types of disk damage by using the Disk First Aid

application, which is on the CD-ROM disc that contains system software, that

came with your computer.

1Start up your computer from the CD-ROM disc that contains system software.

See “Starting Up From a CD-ROM Disc” earlier in this chapter.

2Double-click the Disk First Aid icon.

You may need to look in a folder called Disk Tools to find Disk First Aid.

158 Chapter 9

3Click the icon of the disk you want to test.

Disk icons appear in a box at the top of the Disk First Aid window.

4Click Repair to begin testing and repairing the disk.

You can’t repair the startup disk or the disk that contains the Disk First Aid

application, but you can test these disks by clicking Verify. If the application

reveals a problem with either of these disks, start up the computer from

another disk so that you can repair the damaged disk.

If you want to test and repair another disk, click its icon and then

click Repair.

5When testing and repair are done, choose Quit from the File menu.

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Troubleshooting

If Disk First Aid cannot correct the problem

mTry repairing the disk again. Sometimes repeating the process corrects

the problem.

mUse another disk repair or recovery application. Some disk repair

applications let you recover information from a damaged disk.

mConsult an Apple-authorized service provider for help.

mIf you can’t repair the disk, you’ll need to reinitialize it, which erases all

the information on it. Before you reinitialize, be sure you recover all the

information you can and back it up. Then erase (reinitialize) the disk. For

instructions on reinitializing a floppy disk (that is, preparing it for use), see

the “Disks” topic area of Macintosh Guide (or Mac OS Guide), available in

the Guide (h) menu. For instructions on reinitializing a hard disk, see the

next section, “Initializing a Hard Disk.”

If initialization doesn’t work, discard the damaged disk (if it’s a floppy disk)

or take it to your Apple-authorized service provider for repair (if it’s a hard

disk). Bring the CD-ROM disc that contains system software which you

received with your computer, with you to the service provider.

Initializing a hard disk

The hard disk inside your computer was initialized (formatted for use) at the

factory, so you shouldn’t need to initialize it. You need to initialize a hard disk

only if one of the following is true:

mYou purchase an uninitialized hard disk from another manufacturer.

mYour hard disk is damaged and can’t be repaired.

If a hard disk needs to be initialized, its icon does not appear on the desktop

when you start up the computer using another disk.

You initialize your internal hard disk using an application called Drive Setup,

which is on the CD-ROM disc that contains system software and came with

your computer.

160 Chapter 9

1Start up your computer from the CD-ROM disc that contains system software.

See “Starting Up From a CD-ROM Disc” or “Starting Up From a Floppy

Disk” earlier in this section.

2Double-click the Drive Setup icon.

You may need to look in a folder called Disk Tools to find Drive Setup.

3In the List of Drives, click the disk you want to initialize.

4Click Initialize to initialize the hard disk.

5Click Quit when you see a message reporting that initialization was successful.

If a message reports that initialization failed, try again. If initialization fails

a second time, take the disk to your Apple-authorized service provider

for repair.

WARNING

Initializing a disk erases any information that may be on it.

Before you initialize a damaged disk, try to repair it as described in

“Repairing a Damaged Disk” earlier in this chapter.

161

Troubleshooting

To initialize a disk, you click it to select it...

...then click Initialize.

Installing or reinstalling system software

System software is the set of applications and other files that your computer

uses to start itself up, keep track of your files, and run the application

applications you use. System software is kept in the System Folder. When

you turn on your computer, it looks for a startup disk, which is a disk that

contains the system software. The startup disk is usually the hard disk that’s

inside your computer, though another hard disk, a floppy disk, or a compact

disc (CD) can also be a startup disk.

The accessory kit that came with your Macintosh provides system software on

either a set of floppy disks or a CD-ROM disc. You can use the floppy disks

or the CD-ROM disc to install the system software on your Macintosh if you

need to do so.

When should you install system software?

Your computer came with all the necessary system software installed on its

internal hard disk. You don’t need to install system software on that disk

unless you encounter software problems.

If you have a new hard disk or a newly initialized hard disk that doesn’t

contain system software, or if you want to upgrade to a more recent version of

system software on a hard disk, you need to install system software. Follow

the instructions in “Installing System Software” later in this section.

When should you reinstall system software?

If you have a problem with your system software, you may see this icon in the

middle of the screen:

If this icon appears, follow the instructions in “How to Repair a Hard Disk or

Floppy Disk” earlier in this chapter to test your startup hard disk and repair

any damage.

If repairing the disk doesn’t help, follow the instructions in “Installing System

Software,” next, to reinstall system software on your startup hard disk.

162 Chapter 9

Installing system software

Follow the steps in this section to do what is commonly called a “normal”

installation of system software.

If you’re installing system software on a hard disk for the first time, make sure

that your hard disk has been initialized, a process that prepares the disk to

store information. If you see the hard disk’s icon on the desktop when you

start up the computer, the disk has been initialized. If no hard disk icon

appears when you start up, see “Initializing a Hard Disk” earlier in this

chapter for instructions on doing that.

To do a normal installation, follow these steps:

1Start up your computer from the CD-ROM disc that contains system software (or from

the

Disk Tools

disk, if your computer does not have a CD-ROM drive).

See “Starting Up From a CD-ROM Disc” or “Starting Up From a Floppy

Disk” earlier in this chapter.

2Find and open the Disk First Aid icon.

You may need to look in a folder called Disk Tools to find Disk First Aid.

After Disk First Aid starts, follow the instructions on the screen. Disk First

Aid checks your hard disk for any problems.

3When Disk First Aid has finished checking your hard disk, choose Quit from the

File menu.

4Open the Drive Setup application.

You use the Drive Setup application to update your hard disk.

5In the list of drives, click your startup disk.

163

Troubleshooting

6Choose Update Driver from the Functions menu.

7When the update process is finished, quit Drive Setup.

8Shut down your computer.

9Start up your computer from the CD-ROM disc that contains system software (or from

the

Disk Tools

disk, if your computer does not have a CD-ROM drive).

See “Starting Up From a CD-ROM Disc” or “Starting Up From a Floppy

Disk” earlier in this chapter.

The Installer’s Welcome screen appears. You may have to double-click the

System Software Installer icon to open the Installer application.

10 Click Continue.

The Easy Install dialog box appears.

11 Make sure that the hard disk named in the box is the one on which you want to install

system software.

If it isn’t, click Switch Disk until the correct disk name appears.

164 Chapter 9

12 Click Install.

13 Follow the instructions that appear on the screen.

If you’re installing system software from floppy disks, you see messages

asking you to insert different disks.

14 When you see a message reporting that the installation was successful, click Restart.

If a message reports that installation was not successful, try installing again.

(Follow the instructions on the screen.)

IMPORTANT

If your computer has an internal Zip drive, you must also install

the Zip drive software from the system software CD-ROM disc. It is not

installed by the main System Software Installer.

If, after reinstalling system software by doing a normal installation, you still

experience problems with your computer, follow the steps in the next section

for doing a “clean” installation of system software.

IMPORTANT

Certain system extensions or application programs that were

originally on your hard disk may not be installed with the Installer

application. If you notice that a certain extension or application was not

installed, install it separately by dragging it to your hard disk. You can find

these additional extensions and applications on the CD-ROM disc that

contains system software. (System extensions or application programs from

other manufacturers can be reinstalled from their installation disks.) If you

don’t have a CD-ROM drive, see the service and support information that

came with your computer for information on how to contact Apple directly

for assistance.

165

Troubleshooting

Doing a clean installation of system software

This section outlines what is commonly called a “clean” installation of system

software. A clean installation allows you to discover which item in your

System Folder is causing a problem. A clean installation creates a brand new

System Folder and saves everything in your original System Folder in a

different location. You can then follow the instructions in “Replacing Your

Special Software” later in this section to reinstall system extensions, control

panels, and other special software one at a time from the old System Folder to

the new System Folder. This procedure allows you to determine which item

in the old System Folder was the source of the problem.

Do a clean installation if you can’t determine what is damaged in your System

Folder (especially if you think any special software, such as control panels,

system extensions, or custom utilities, may be causing the problems you’re

experiencing). You should also do a clean installation if you’re still having

problems with your computer after you’ve reinstalled system software by

doing a normal installation.

To do a clean installation, follow these steps:

1Start up your computer from the CD-ROM disc that contains system software .

See “Starting Up From a CD-ROM Disc” earlier in this chapter.

2Find and open the Disk First Aid icon.

You may need to look in a folder called Disk Tools to find Disk First Aid.

After Disk First Aid starts, follow the instructions on the screen. Disk First

Aid checks your hard disk for any problems.

3When Disk First Aid has finished checking your hard disk, choose Quit from the

File menu.

166 Chapter 9

4Open the Drive Setup icon.

You use the Drive Setup application to update your hard disk.

5In the list of drives, click your startup disk.

6Choose Update Driver from the Functions menu.

7When the update process is finished, quit Drive Setup.

8Shut down your computer.

9Start up your computer from the CD-ROM disc that contains system software.

See “Starting Up From a CD-ROM Disc” earlier in this chapter.

The Installer’s Welcome screen appears. You may have to double-click the

System Software Installer icon to open the Installer application.

10 Click Continue.

The Easy Install dialog box appears.

11 Make sure that the hard disk named in the Destination Disk box is the one on which you

want to install system software.

If it isn’t, click Switch Disk until the correct disk name appears.

167

Troubleshooting

12 Hold down Shift–

–K to start the clean installation.

The following dialog box appears.

13 Click the Install New System Folder button and click OK.

The Easy Install dialog box appears. The Install button has changed to Clean

Install, and the contents of your old System Folder have been moved to a new

folder named Previous System Folder.

14 Click Clean Install.

15 Follow the instructions that appear on the screen.

It takes a few minutes to complete the installation.

16 When the installation is complete you see a message reporting that the installation

was successful.

If a Restart button appears, click it to restart your computer.

If a message reports that installation was not successful, try repeating the

clean installation procedure.

IMPORTANT

Certain system extensions or application programs that were

originally on your hard disk may not be installed with the Installer

application. If you notice that a certain extension or application was not

installed, install it separately by dragging it to your hard disk. You can find

these additional extensions and applications on the CD-ROM disc or the set

of floppy disks that contains system software. (System extensions or

application programs from other manufacturers can be reinstalled from their

installation disks.) If you don’t have a CD-ROM drive, see the service and

support information that came with your computer for information on how to

contact Apple for assistance.

168 Chapter 9

Reinstalling your special software

Special software consists of items such as control panels, system extensions,

custom utilities, fonts, or Apple menu items that you may have added to your

old System Folder. To make sure that special software does not create any

conflicts with other applications on your computer, follow this procedure to

safely add back these items in your new System Folder:

1Copy any special software items from the Previous System Folder back to your System

Folder one item at a time, restarting the computer after copying each item.

IMPORTANT

Be very careful not to replace (copy over) any of the files in the

System Folder with files from the Previous System Folder.

2Check after each restart to make sure your computer is not having any

software problems.

If any of your special software items causes software problems, contact the

software manufacturer for assistance or an upgrade.

Doing a custom installation

For most Macintosh users, the Easy Install procedure described in the

previous sections is appropriate because it automatically installs all the items

you need. However, if you’d like to select a combination of system software

files for your specific needs, you can customize your system software

installation. You use custom installation to install or update one or more

specific files, or to save space on your hard disk by installing only the files

you want.

To i n s t a ll customized system software, follow these steps:

1Start up your computer from the CD-ROM disc that contains system software.

See “Starting Up From a CD-ROM Disc” earlier in this chapter.

169

Troubleshooting

2Click OK.

The Easy Install dialog box appears.

3Choose Custom Install from the pop-up menu at the upper-left corner of the dialog box.

The Custom Install dialog box appears, listing all available system software

components.

4Scroll through the list of components, clicking the checkbox next to each component

you want to install.

To get additional information about each component listed, click the box with

the letter iin it to the right of the component.

170 Chapter 9

5Click Install.

6Follow the instructions that appear on the screen.

7When you see a message reporting that the installation was successful, click Quit.

If a message reports that installation was not successful, try installing again.

(Follow the instructions on the screen.)

8Restart your Macintosh.

The system software is installed and your computer is ready to use. Don’t

forget to eject the CD-ROM disc containing system software when you are

finished.

Installing or reinstalling CD-ROM software

CD-ROM software is a set of applications and files that allows your CD-ROM

drive to work correctly with your computer and allows it to play different

kinds of CDs, such as Photo CDs or audio CDs. The CD-ROM software is

part of system software and was preinstalled for you on your computer’s hard

disk. (It is also available on the CD-ROM disc that came with your

Macintosh.)

When should you install or reinstall CD-ROM software?

You don’t need to install the CD-ROM software unless you encounter

problems. (See “Solutions to CD-ROM Problems” earlier in this chapter for

descriptions of the kinds of problems you might encounter.)

171

Troubleshooting

Installing or reinstalling CD-ROM software

1Start up your computer from the CD-ROM disc that contains system software

See “Starting Up From a CD-ROM Disc” earlier in this chapter.

The Installer’s Welcome screen may appear. If not, you may have to double-

click the System Software Installer icon to open the Installer application.

2Click OK.

The Easy Install dialog box appears.

3Choose Custom Install from the pop-up menu.

The Custom Install dialog box appears, listing all available system software

components.

4Select Multimedia Software by clicking the checkbox next to it.

To get additional information about each component listed, click the box with

the letter iin it to the right of the component.

5Click Install.

172 Chapter 9

6Follow the instructions that appear on the screen.

7When you see a message reporting that the installation was successful, click Quit.

If a message reports that installation was not successful, try installing again.

(Follow the instructions on the screen.)

8Restart your Macintosh.

The CD-ROM software is reinstalled and your computer is ready to use. Don’t

forget to eject the CD-ROM disc containing system software when you are

finished.

173

Troubleshooting

III

part

Appendix A Health, Safety, and Maintenance Tips

Appendix B Installing Expansion Cards or Additional Memory

Appendix C Using the Optional Built-in Zip Drive

Appendix D Special Keys on Your Keyboard

177

Appendix A

Health, Safety, and Maintenance Tips

For your own safety and that of your equipment, follow all the instructions in

this chapter. Keep these instructions available for reference by you and others.

Health-related information about computer use

Muscle soreness, eye fatigue, and other discomforts and injuries sometimes

associated with using computers can occur from performing any number of

activities. In fact, misuse of the same muscles during multiple activities can

create a problem that might not otherwise exist. For example, if you engage

in nonwork activities that involve repetitive stress on the wrist—such as

bicycling—and also use your computer’s keyboard improperly, you may

increase your likelihood of developing wrist problems. Some individuals are

at greater risk of developing these problems because of their health,

physiology, lifestyle, and general exposure to stress. Work organization and

conditions, such as workstation setup and lighting, also play a part in your

overall health and comfort. Preventing health problems is a multifaceted task

that requires careful attention to the way you use your body every hour of

every day.

The most common health effects associated with using a computer are

musculoskeletal discomfort and eye fatigue. We’ll discuss each area of

concern below.

Read this appendix for important

health and safety instructions,

as well as tips on keeping your

computer in good working order.

Musculoskeletal discomfort

As with any activity that involves sitting for long periods of time, using a

computer can make your muscles sore and stiff. To minimize these effects, set

up your work environment carefully, using the guidelines that follow, and take

frequent breaks to rest tired muscles. To make working with your computer

more comfortable, allow enough space in your work area so that you can

change position frequently and maintain a relaxed posture.

Another type of musculoskeletal concern is repetitive stress injuries (RSIs),

also known as cumulative trauma disorders (CTDs). These problems can

occur when a certain muscle or tendon is repeatedly overused and forced into

an unnatural position. The exact causes of RSIs are not totally understood, but

in addition to awkward posture, such factors as the amount of repetition, the

force used in the activity, the individual’s physiology, workplace stress level,

and lifestyle may affect the likelihood of experiencing an RSI.

RSIs did not suddenly arise when computers were invented; tennis elbow and

writer’s cramp, for example, are two RSIs that have been with us for a long

time. Although less common than other RSIs, one serious RSI discussed more

often today is a wrist problem called carpal tunnel syndrome, which may be

aggravated by improper use of computer keyboards. This nerve disorder

results from excessive pressure on the median nerve as it passes through the

wrist to the hand.

This section offers advice on setting up your work area to enhance your

comfort while you use your computer. Since the effects of repetitive

movements associated with using a computer can be compounded by those of

other work and leisure activities to produce or aggravate physical problems,

proper use of your computer system must be considered as just one element

of a healthy lifestyle.

No one, of course, can guarantee that you won’t have problems even when you

follow the most expert advice on using computer equipment. You should

always check with a qualified health specialist if muscle, joint, or eye

problems occur.

178 Appendix A

Eye fatigue

Eye fatigue can occur whenever the eyes are focused on a nearby object for a

long time. This problem occurs because the eye muscles must work harder to

view an object that’s closer than about 20 feet (6 meters). Improper lighting

can hasten the development of eye fatigue. Although eye fatigue is annoying,

there’s no evidence that it leads to permanent damage.

Whenever you’re engaged in an activity that involves close-up work—such as

reading a magazine, doing craft work, or using a computer—be sure to have

sufficient glare-free lighting and give your eyes frequent rest breaks by

looking up and focusing on distant objects. Remember to have your eyes

examined regularly.

To prevent discomfort and eye fatigue:

mArrange your work space so that the furniture is properly adjusted for you

and doesn’t contribute to an awkward working posture.

mTa ke frequent short breaks to give your muscles and eyes a chance to rest.

Arranging your office

Here are some guidelines for adjusting the furniture in your office to

accommodate your physical size and shape.

mAn adjustable chair that provides firm, comfortable support is best. Adjust

the height of the chair so your thighs are horizontal and your feet flat on

the floor.

The back of the chair should support your lower back (lumbar region).

Follow the manufacturer’s instructions for adjusting the backrest to fit your

body properly.

179

Health, Safety, and Maintenance Tips

mWhen you use the computer keyboard, your shoulders should be relaxed.

Your upper arm and forearm should form an approximate right angle, with

your wrist and hand in roughly a straight line.

You may have to raise your chair so your forearms and hands are at the

proper angle to the keyboard. If this makes it impossible to rest your feet

flat on the floor, you can use a footrest with adjustable height and tilt to

make up for any gap between the floor and your feet. Or you may lower

the desktop to eliminate the need for a footrest. Another option is to use a

desk with a keyboard tray that’s lower than the regular work surface.

mPosition the mouse at the same height as your keyboard. Allow adequate

space to use the mouse comfortably.

mArrange the monitor so the top of the screen is slightly below your eye

level when you’re sitting at the keyboard. The best distance from your eyes

to the screen is up to you, although most people seem to prefer 18 to

28 inches (45 to 70 cm).

mPosition the computer to minimize glare and reflections on the screen from

overhead lights and windows.

Thighs horizontal

Shoulders relaxed

Screen positioned to avoid

reflected glare

Forearms and hands

in a straight line

Forearms level

or tilted up slightly

Lower back supported

Feet flat on the floor

Top of the screen at or slightly

below eye level (You may need

to adjust the height of your

monitor by placing something

under it or by raising your

work surface.)

Clearance under work surface

45–70 cm (18–28 in.)

180 Appendix A

Avoiding fatigue

mChange your seated position, stand up, or stretch whenever you start to feel

tired. Frequent short breaks are helpful in reducing fatigue.

mUse a light touch when typing or using a mouse and keep your hands and

fingers relaxed.

mSome computer users may develop discomfort in their hands, wrists, or

arms after intensive work without breaks. If you begin to develop chronic

pain or discomfort in your hands, wrists, or arms, consult a qualified

health specialist.

mAllow adequate workspace so that you can use your keyboard and mouse

comfortably. Place papers or other items so you can view them easily

while using your computer. A document stand may make reading papers

more comfortable.

mEye muscles must work harder to focus on nearby objects. Occasionally

focus your eyes on a distant object, and blink often while you work.

mClean your screen regularly. Keeping the screen clean helps reduce

unwanted reflections.

What about electromagnetic emissions?

There has been recent public discussion of the possible health effects of

prolonged exposure to extremely low frequency (ELF) and very low

frequency (VLF) electromagnetic fields. Such fields are associated with

electromagnetic sources such as television sets, electrical wiring, and some

household appliances—as well as computer monitors.

Apple has reviewed scientific reports and sought the counsel of government

regulatory agencies and respected health organizations. Based on the

prevailing evidence and opinions, Apple believes that the electric and

magnetic fields produced by computer monitors do not pose a health risk.

In response to those customers who wish to reduce their exposure to

electromagnetic fields, Apple has lowered the emission levels of our products.

We are also actively encouraging further scientific research so we can

continue to promote the health and safety of our customers and employees.

181

Health, Safety, and Maintenance Tips

Safety instructions

For your own safety and that of your equipment, always take the

following precautions.

Tur n off the computer completely and disconnect the power plug (by pulling

the plug, not the cord) if any of the following conditions exist:

mthe power cord or plug becomes frayed or otherwise damaged

myou spill something into the case

myour Macintosh is exposed to rain or any other excess moisture

myour Macintosh has been dropped or the case has been otherwise damaged

myou suspect that your Macintosh needs service or repair

myou want to clean the case (use only the recommended procedure

described later in this chapter)

Be sure that you always do the following:

mKeep your Macintosh away from sources of liquids, such as washbasins,

bathtubs, shower stalls, and so on.

mProtect your Macintosh from dampness or wet weather, such as rain, snow,

and so on.

mRead all the installation instructions carefully before you plug your

Macintosh into a wall socket.

mKeep these instructions handy for reference by you and others.

mFollow all instructions and warnings dealing with your system.

WARNING

Electrical equipment may be hazardous if misused. Operation

of this product, or similar products, must always be supervised by an

adult. Do not allow children access to the interior of any electrical

product and do not permit them to handle any cables.

182 Appendix A

Handling your computer equipment

Follow these guidelines for handling your computer and its components:

mWhen setting up your computer, place components on a sturdy, flat surface,

and carefully follow all setup instructions.

mWhen connecting or disconnecting a cable, always hold the cable by its

connector (the plug, not the cord).

mTurn off your computer and all its components before connecting or

disconnecting any cables to add or remove any component. Failure to do so

could seriously damage your equipment.

mNever force a connector into a port. If the connector and port do not join

with reasonable ease, they probably don’t match. Make sure that the

connector matches the port and that you have positioned the connector

correctly in relation to the port.

mTa ke care not to spill any food or liquid on the computer, keyboard, mouse,

or other components. If you do, turn your computer off immediately and

unplug it before cleaning up the spill. Depending on what you spilled and

how much of it got into your equipment, you may have to bring your

equipment to an Apple-authorized service provider.

mProtect the computer and its components from direct sunlight and rain or

other moisture.

mKeep all ventilation openings clear and unobstructed. Without

proper air circulation, components can overheat, causing damage or

unreliable operation.

WARNING

This equipment is intended to be electrically grounded.

Your Macintosh is equipped with a three-wire grounding plug—a plug

that has a third (grounding) pin. This plug will fit only a grounded AC

outlet. This is a safety feature. If you are unable to insert the plug

into the outlet, contact a licensed electrician to replace the outlet

with a properly grounded outlet. Do not defeat the purpose of the

grounding plug!

183

Health, Safety, and Maintenance Tips

Handling the monitor

Follow these procedures for handling the monitor:

mTu r n down the screen brightness control if you leave the computer turned

on for extended periods. If the brightness is not turned down, the image on

the screen could “burn in” and damage the screen. (You can also use the

Energy Save control panel, available in Control Panels under the Apple [K]

menu to set computer sleep and energy-saving options.)

You can also use a “screen saver” program, which dims or varies the

image on the screen when the computer has been idle for a specified

period of time. These programs are available from independent suppliers

and user groups.

mMake sure the vents on the computer are clear and unobstructed.

mIf there is interference on the monitor’s screen or on a television or radio

near your computer, move the affected equipment farther away.

Handling the keyboard

Ta ke care not to spill any liquid on the keyboard. If you do, turn off your

computer immediately.

mIf you spill liquid that is thin and clear, turn off your computer, unplug the

keyboard, turn it upside down to let the liquid drain out, and let it dry for

24 hours at room temperature. If, after you take these steps, the keyboard

doesn’t work, take it to your Apple-authorized service provider for repair.

mIf you spill liquid that is greasy, sweet, or sticky, unplug the keyboard and

take it to your Apple-authorized service provider for repair.

184 Appendix A

Handling floppy disks

Handling CD-ROM discs

Keep these important safety instructions in mind as you use CD-ROM discs:

mHold a disc by the edges or by one edge and the center hole. Do not touch

the disc surface.

mTo clean discs, wipe the shiny surface with a soft damp cloth, working in

straight lines from center to edge. Do not use any form of cleaning agent.

125

F (52

F (10

Keep disks dry.

Do not use a

pencil or an

eraser on a disk

or disk label.

Store disks at

temperatures

between 50

and 125

Do not touch the

exposed part of the

disk behind the

metal shutter.

Keep disks away

from magnets. Avoid exposing

disks to extremely

hot temperatures.

185

Health, Safety, and Maintenance Tips

mTo avoid damage to your discs, keep these points in mind:

Other important safety instructions to keep in mind as you use your

CD-ROM drive:

mPosition your computer so that when the tray opens, it doesn’t bump

into anything.

mDo not leave the disc tray open. If dust gets on the lens of the CD-ROM

drive, the drive may have problems reading your compact discs.

mDo not put anything (for instance, a cup) on top of the tray when it is open.

mDo not force the tray open by hand.

mDo not wipe the lens with a paper towel or other abrasive surface. If you

need to clean the lens, see an Apple-authorized service provider for a

lens cleaner.

mNever transport your computer with a disc inside the CD-ROM drive.

mKeep your computer equipment away from any source of liquid (such as

wash basins, bathtubs, and shower stalls). If you drink coffee or other

beverages while you’re at your computer, take care not to spill.

mAvoid exposing your equipment to damp or wet weather. If your system is

near a window, be sure the window is closed in rainy weather.

Do not put tape

on discs.

Do not scratch

discs.

Do not write on

discs.

Do not spill liquids

on discs.

Do not get

dust on discs.

Do not expose discs

to direct sunlight.

186 Appendix A

Power supply

The power supply in your computer is a high-voltage component and

should not be opened for any reason, even when the computer is off. If

the power supply needs service, contact your Apple-authorized dealer or

service provider.

Cleaning your equipment

Follow these general rules when cleaning the outside of your computer and

its components:

mUse a damp, soft, lint-free cloth to clean the computer’s exterior. Avoid

getting moisture in any openings.

mDon’t use aerosol sprays, solvents, or abrasives.

Cleaning the computer case

To cl e a n the case, do the following:

1Turn off the computer completely and then disconnect the power cord. (Pull the plug, not

the cord.)

2Wipe the surfaces lightly with a clean, soft cloth dampened with water.

Cleaning the monitor

To cl e a n the screen, put household glass cleaner on a soft cloth and wipe

the screen. Don’t spray the cleaner directly on the screen, because the liquid

might drip into the monitor or computer.

WARNING:

To protect the power supply from damage, make sure the

voltage switch on the back of the computer is set correctly before you

plug the computer into a power outlet. Refer to Chapter 1 for

instructions on setting the voltage switch.

187

Health, Safety, and Maintenance Tips

Cleaning the mouse

The mouse contains a small ball that must roll smoothly for the mouse to

work properly. You can keep this ball free of dirt and grease by using the

mouse on a clean, lint-free surface and cleaning it occasionally.

You need a few cotton swabs and a clean, soft, lint-free cloth.

1Turn off your computer.

2Turn the mouse upside-down and turn the plastic ring on the bottom counterclockwise

to disengage it.

If the mouse is locked, see the next section, “Locking and Unlocking the

Mouse,” for instructions on how to unlock it.

3Turn the mouse right-side up with one hand and catch the ring and the ball with your

other hand.

188 Appendix A

4Clean the three small rollers inside the mouse with a cotton swab moistened with water.

Rotate the rollers to clean all around them.

5Wipe the mouse ball with a clean, soft, dry, and lint-free cloth.

6If necessary, wash the mouse ball with warm soapy water (use a mild soap such as a

dishwashing liquid) and then dry the mouse ball thoroughly.

7Gently blow into the mouse case to remove any dust that has collected there.

8Put the ball and the ring back in place.

Your mouse should roll smoothly across your mouse pad or desk. If it doesn’t,

repeat these instructions carefully.

Locking and unlocking the mouse

Some mouse devices can be locked so that the ball can’t be removed. A

locking mouse has a small hole on the plastic ring.

To lo ck t h e mouse, follow these steps:

1Insert a straightened paper clip into the hole on the plastic ring.

Insert a straightened paper clip into this hole.

(The hole may be located here on your mouse.)

189

Health, Safety, and Maintenance Tips

2Press down on the paper clip while you turn the ring clockwise.

Tur n th e ring a very short distance, until it stops. When the recessed area on

the ring is not lined up with the recessed area surrounding the ring, the mouse

is locked.

To unlock the mouse, follow these steps:

1Insert a straightened paper clip into the hole on the plastic ring.

Insert a straightened paper clip into this hole.

(The hole may be located here on your mouse.)

The mouse ring is locked when the recessed area on the ring

does not line up with the recessed area surrounding the ring.

Recessed area on ring

Recessed area surrounding ring

190 Appendix A

2Press down on the paper clip while you turn the ring counterclockwise.

Tur n th e ring a very short distance. When the recessed area on the ring is

lined up with the recessed area surrounding the ring, the mouse is unlocked.

The mouse ring is unlocked when the recessed area on the

ring lines up with the recessed area surrounding the ring.

Recessed area on ring

Recessed area surrounding ring

191

Health, Safety, and Maintenance Tips

193

This appendix provides information about expansion cards and memory

modules (including an optional High Performance Module, also known as a

level 2 cache) and explains how to install them.

Installing an expansion card or memory involves three procedures that are

described in this appendix:

mopening the computer

minserting the expansion card or memory module into a specific slot

mclosing the computer

Appendix B

Installing Expansion Cards or Additional Memory

Read this appendix for instructions

on installing expansion cards or

additional memory in your computer.

About expansion cards

Expansion cards are printed circuit boards that can be installed in your

computer to give it special features, such as enhanced video capabilities,

networking and communications capabilities, and additional processing

power. Your computer has slots available for three different kinds of

expansion cards:

mtwo PCI (peripheral component interconnect) slots for 6.88-inch PCI cards

ma communication slot for an internal modem or Ethernet card (You may

already have a card installed in this slot.)

ma video-in slot for a video input card that brings signals into the computer

from a videocassette recorder (VCR), laser disc player, video camera, or

similar device (The video input card is sold by your Apple-authorized

dealer under the name Apple Video System.)

You can also install the following additional expansion cards in

your computer:

mthe Apple External Video Connector kit that allows video mirroring on an

external monitor

ma TV or TV/FM tuner card that allows you to watch and to record TV and

videos and to listen to FM radio on your computer (TV and TV/FM tuner

cards you can install include the Apple TV/FM Radio System and the

Apple TV System.)

PCI slots (2)Communication slot

Video-in slot

194 Appendix B

Other video cards that let you perform video editing and other functions may

also be available for your computer.

This appendix contains instructions for installing a PCI card or a

communication card. To install a video input card or a TV or TV/FM tuner

card, follow the instructions that came with the kit or card.

About memory

You can install additional memory—dynamic random-access memory

(DRAM)—in your computer. DRAM allows you to work with more programs

and larger documents. Additional memory comes in packages called Dual

Inline Memory Modules, or DIMMs. Altogether, you can install a maximum

of 128 megabytes (MB) of DRAM in this Macintosh model. For additional

processing power, you can also install an optional High Performance Module

(256K level 2 cache) in the cache slot in your computer.

For more information about memory, see the “Memory” topic area of

Macintosh Guide (or Mac OS Guide), available in the Guide (h) menu.

WARNING

To avoid damaging your computer and expansion card, do not

attempt to install any expansion card without first checking the

documentation for that card. If the documentation specifies that an

Apple-certified technician must install the card (usually because

the installation requires special training or tools), consult the service

and support information that came with your computer for instructions

on how to contact an Apple-authorized service provider or Apple for

assistance. If you attempt to install the card yourself, any damage you

may cause to your computer or card will not be covered by the limited

warranty on your computer. If the card is not an Apple-labeled product,

check with an Apple-authorized dealer or service provider to see if you

can install it yourself.

195

Installing Expansion Cards or Additional Memory

Apple recommends that you have an Apple-certified technician install

additional DRAM for you. However, you may feel comfortable installing

DRAM yourself.

mIf you want to install additional DRAM yourself, you must purchase the

memory chips, or DIMMs, from an Apple-authorized dealer. Then follow

the instructions in this appendix.

mIf you want an Apple-certified technician to install additional DRAM for

you, see the service and support information that came with your computer

for instructions on how to contact an Apple-authorized service provider or

Apple for service.

DRAM configurations

Your computer can use any DRAM configuration with DIMMs of these sizes:

8 MB, 16 MB, 32 MB, or 64 MB. The exact configuration depends on the

density of the DRAM chips that are mounted on the DIMMs. (The DIMMs

must support a 1K or 2K refresh count.)

DRAM DIMM slots (2) for installing

additional DRAM. (You may have an

additional DRAM DIMM installed already.)

Cache slot for installing a High Performance

Module for additional processing power.

(You may have a module installed already.)

196 Appendix B

Your computer comes with 32 megabytes (MB) of dynamic random-access

memory (DRAM) preinstalled in one of the Dual Inline Memory Module

(DIMM) sockets. One DIMM slot remains for installing an additional 8 MB,

16 MB, 32 MB, or 64 MB DIMM. If you want to install the maximum amount

of memory, you need to replace the preinstalled 32 MB DIMM with a 64 MB

DIMM, then install a second 64 MB DIMM in the remaining slot, for a total

of 128 MB of DRAM.

IMPORTANT

The DIMMs should be 64-bit wide, 168-pin 5-volt (V) Extended

Data Output (EDO) DIMMs, with 60-nanosecond (ns) RAM access time or

faster and a 1K or 2K refresh count. The Single Inline Memory Modules

(SIMMs) from older Macintosh computers are not compatible with your

computer and should not be used. 3.3-V DIMMs and DIMMs that require a

4K refresh count also should not be used

If you decide to have additional DRAM installed in your computer, the

DIMMs can be installed one at a time in any order in either of the

memory slots.

Instructions for installing DIMMs are in the section “Installing DIMMs or a

High Performance Module” later in this appendix.

High Performance Module configurations

A High Performance Module (256K level 2 cache) provides an overall

increase in your computer’s performance. Although the computer’s processor

speed stays the same when you install a High Performance Module (see your

Te c h n i c a l In fo r m a t i o n booklet for the exact speed), your computer performs

tasks significantly faster. If your computer did not come with one already

installed, you can add a High Performance Module on the main logic board.

IMPORTANT

Be sure to use a 50 Mhz High Performance Module designed

specifically for your computer. The 40 Mhz modules used in other Macintosh

computers will not work in your computer.

Instructions for installing a High Performance Module are in the section

“Installing DIMMs or a High Performance Module” later in this appendix.

197

Installing Expansion Cards or Additional Memory

Opening the computer

IMPORTANT

To avoid generating static electricity from your body that may

damage components, do not walk around the room until you have completed

the installation of the expansion card and closed the computer. Additionally,

move the logic board as little as possible while it is outside the computer case.

1Shut down your computer by choosing Shut Down from the Special menu.

You can also press the Power key (marked with a π) on the keyboard, then

press the Return key when the Shutdown dialog box appears.

2Unplug all the cables except the power cord from the computer (including the cable that

connects your keyboard to the computer).

Leaving the power cord plugged in helps protect the computer from

electrostatic discharge damage. (You’ll unplug the power cord later.)

3With a screwdriver, remove the two screws shown here from the computer’s back panel.

Remove these

two screws.

Do not remove this screw. Leave the power cord plugged

in for now. You’ll unplug it later.

198 Appendix B

4Touch the recessed metal parts in the back panel to discharge static electricity from

your body.

Always do this before you touch any parts or install any components inside

the computer. This discharges static electricity from your body and helps

protect components inside the computer.

Touch the metal

parts inside the

recessed area.

199

Installing Expansion Cards or Additional Memory

5Unplug the power cord from your computer.

You can unplug the power cord now because you discharged static electricity

in the previous step.

6Grasping the two plastic tabs, gently pull the logic board all the way out of the computer.

Gently but firmly

pull the logic board

all the way out of

the computer.

Unplug the power

cord from the back

of the computer.

200 Appendix B

7Once the logic board is out, set it on a clean, flat, stable surface. Rest the end of it on a

thick magazine or a thin book to protect the components underneath.

What you do next depends on whether you’re installing an expansion card,

memory, or a High Performance Module. Skip ahead to the the instructions

that describe the installation you want to perform later in this appendix.

Installing an expansion card

This section contains instructions for installing a peripheral component

interconnect (PCI) card or a communication card. (To install a video input card

or a TV or TV/FM tuner card, follow the instructions that came with the card.)

Installing a PCI card

This section contains instructions for installing a PCI card. PCI cards for your

computer must be no longer than 6.88 inches.

Use these instructions in conjunction with the instructions that come with

your PCI card:

Illustration World News

Vol. 1, No. 1

Rest the logic board on a clean, flat, stable surface.

Place a thick magazine under this

end of the logic board to help

protect the components

underneath.

201

Installing Expansion Cards or Additional Memory

1If you have a video input card already installed in your computer and you’re going to

install a PCI card in the lower PCI slot, remove the video input card temporarily to give

yourself more room while you install the PCI card. Remove the screw from the vertical

plate that holds the video input card in place and remove the card as shown. (You’ll

reinstall the card later.)

Skip this step if there is not a video input card installed on your logic board

or if you’re installing the PCI card in the uppermost PCI slot.

2Remove the screw that holds the port cover in place. Hold your finger under the screw to

catch it and the port cover when they come loose.

Try not to let the port cover or the screw fall onto the logic board.

Video input card If you have a video input card

installed, you may need to remove

it to give yourself room to install

a PCI card in the lower PCI slot.

Video-in slot

Screw

Vertical plate

202 Appendix B

3Remove the port cover and set it aside.

You won’t need the port cover for the rest of these instructions, but save it in

case you ever remove the PCI card and need to cover the port again.

Remove the port cover.

Remove the screw that holds the port cover in place.

Position your hand so that the screw and the

port cover do not fall onto the logic board.

203

Installing Expansion Cards or Additional Memory

4Remove the PCI card from its static-proof bag.

Hold the card by its upper edges to avoid touching any connectors.

5Supporting the adapter fence with one hand, insert the card into the PCI slot so that the

card fence matches up with the opening where the port cover was and slides through the

slot in the adapter fence.

Card fenceSlot in adapter fencePCI slot

Adapter fence

Connectors

204 Appendix B

6Supporting the adapter fence with one hand, push the card with the other hand until it

snaps into place.

Don’t force the card. If you meet resistance, pull the card out and try again. To

see if the card is properly connected, make sure its metal fence is flush with

the side of the adapter fence.

Adapter fence

Card fence

205

Installing Expansion Cards or Additional Memory

7Reinsert the screw into the PCI card fence and tighten it.

To help insert the screw, push the PCI card fence forward with your thumb

so the screw holes align. Insert the screw until it’s somewhat steady, hold

your thumb underneath it (to prevent it from falling), and tighten it with

the screwdriver.

You may find it helpful to

support the screw with the

thumb of your other hand.

206 Appendix B

8If you removed a video input card from the logic board in step 1, reinsert it now in the

video-in slot.

9If you have a communication card, DIMMs, or a High Performance Module to install, go to

the instructions for those installations later in this appendix. If you are finished installing

items in your computer, proceed to “Closing the Computer.”

Video input card If you removed a

video input card in

step 1, reinstall it.

Video-in slot

Screw

207

Installing Expansion Cards or Additional Memory

Installing a communication card

This section contains instructions for installing an Ethernet or internal

modem card in the communication slot in your computer. You use an

Ethernet card to communicate with other computers through a local area

network (LAN). For example, you can print on a shared printer and access

documents on a server (a centralized computer that provides shared resources

to other computers on a network). You use an internal modem card to connect

to online services or the Internet.

Note: If you install an internal modem card in the communication slot and

also want to connect to an Ethernet network, buy and install the kind of

Ethernet card that goes in your computer’s PCI slot, then follow the

instructions in “Installing a PCI Card” earlier in this section.

Some communication cards designed for other communication slots are not

compatible with your computer and cannot be installed here. You can tell by

examining the placement of the notches on the card. Use the following

illustration as a guide if you’re not sure you have the correct type of card for

the slot.

Vertical plate

Compatible

Notches

Logic board

(side view) Communication slot

Communication card

Notches

Not compatible Notches

208 Appendix B

To i n s t a ll a communication card, follow these steps:

1Remove the plastic access cover from the vertical plate.

Save the access cover—if you ever remove the communication card from your

computer, you’ll need to cover the open port again.

2Remove the communication card from its static-proof bag.

Hold the card by its upper edges to avoid touching its connectors.

Push the two plastic tabs apart and pull off the

metal retainer so the access cover can come off.

Metal retainer

209

Installing Expansion Cards or Additional Memory

3Align the card over the communication slot.

The communication slot is the rightmost slot on the logic board as you face

the vertical plate.

4Check the external connector on your card, see which of the following two illustrations

matches the card you have, and install the card according to the illustration.

mIf the card has a hook, make sure it catches between the layers of the

vertical plate before you push the card into the slot. Press down on the card

until the connector is solidly in place.

Don’t force the card. If you meet resistance, pull it out and try again.

Communication slotVertical plate

External connector

Communication card

1 If your communication card

has a hook on it (as shown here),

be sure that the hook engages

the sheet metal on the inside

of the vertical plate.

2 Push down on the back

end of the communication

card until it is firmly seated

in the communication slot.

210 Appendix B

mIf the card does not have a hook, simply pass the external connector

through the opening in the vertical plate as shown. (Some cards have an

external connector that protrudes through the opening; others, like the one

shown here, have a flatter external connector.) Insert the card into the

communication slot. Press down on the card until the connector is solidly

in place.

Don’t force the card. If you meet resistance, pull it out and try again.

5To see if the card is properly connected, lift it gently. If it resists and stays in place,

it’s connected.

Note: After you have finished these installation instructions and turned on

your computer, you may need to install software for your communication

card. If you installed an Ethernet card, you may also need to change the

network connection in the AppleTalk control panel. See both the manual

that came with the card and Chapter 7, “Connecting Your Computer to a

Network” for more information.

6If you have DIMMs or a High Performance Module to install, go to those instructions next

in this appendix. If you are finished installing items, proceed to “Closing the Computer.”

Communication slotVertical plate

Opening in vertical plate

Communication cardExternal connector

211

Installing Expansion Cards or Additional Memory

Installing DIMMs or a High Performance Module (level 2 cache)

There are specific types of DIMMS and High Performance Modules that

work in your computer. Refer to the information provided earlier in this

appendix and to the Te c h n i c a l In fo r m a t i o n booklet that came with your

computer for information about the kinds of DIMMs and High Performance

Module you can use in your computer model.

Removing a DRAM DIMM

To upgrade your computer to the maximum amount of memory, you may

want to replace the DRAM DIMM that comes preinstalled in your computer

with one of a higher capacity. To do this, you’ll need to remove the existing

DIMM following the instructions provided in this section, then install a

higher capacity DIMM following the instructions in “Installing a DRAM

DIMM,” next in this appendix.

WARNING

Although instructions for installing DRAM DIMMs and a

High Performance Module (level 2 cache) are provided in this manual,

Apple Computer strongly recommends that you have an Apple-certified

technician install them. Consult the service and support information that

came with your computer for instructions on how to contact an Apple-

authorized service provider or Apple for service. If you install additional

DIMMs yourself, you risk damaging your equipment, and this damage is

not covered by the limited warranty on your computer. See an Apple-

authorized dealer or service provider for additional information about

this or any other warranty question.

212 Appendix B

To remove a DRAM DIMM, follow these instructions:

1Press down on the ejector to release the DRAM DIMM from its slot as pictured in the

following illustration.

When the ejector releases, pull the DIMM straight up and out of the slot.

DRAM slot (1 of 2)

Ejector

Connectors Notches

While holding the DIMM along its side

edges, press down on the ejector as

shown. The DIMM will be released

from its slot, and you can then pull the

DIMM straight up and out of the slot.

DRAM DIMM (Your DIMM’s shape

and components may vary.)

213

Installing Expansion Cards or Additional Memory

Installing a DRAM DIMM

1Push the ejector on the DRAM slot outward and down to open it.

Push the ejector outward and down to open it.

DRAM slot (1 of 2)

214 Appendix B

2With the ejector in the “open” position, align the DRAM DIMM in one of the DRAM slots

as pictured.

IMPORTANT

Do not touch the DIMM’s connectors. Handle the DIMM only by

the upper edges.

3Push down on the DIMM until it snaps into place.

The ejector closes automatically.

4Repeat steps 1–3 if you need to install another DRAM DIMM into the other slot.

5If you have a High Performance Module to install, proceed to the next section, “Installing

a High Performance Module into the Cache Module Slot.” If you are finished installing

items in your computer, proceed to “Closing the Computer.”

DRAM slot (1 of 2)

Connectors Notches

The DRAM DIMM is designed to fit into the

slot only one way. Be sure to align the notches

in the DIMM with the small ribs inside the slot.

Ribs (inside slot)

DRAM DIMM (Your DIMM’s shape

and components may vary.)

215

Installing Expansion Cards or Additional Memory

Installing a High Performance Module (level 2 cache)

1Aligning the notches in the module with the small ribs inside the cache module slot,

insert the module in the slot as pictured.

The module is designed to fit into the slot only one way. Be sure to align the

notches in the module with the small ribs inside the slot.

IMPORTANT

Do not touch the module’s connectors. Handle the module only by

the upper edges.

2If you are finished installing items in your computer, proceed to “Closing the Computer.”

Cache module slot High Performance Module

(Your module’s shape and components may vary.)

The module is designed to fit into the slot only

one way. Be sure to align the notches in the

module with the small ribs inside the slot.

Connectors

Notches

Ribs (inside slot)

216 Appendix B

Closing the computer

1Grasping the plastic tabs on the vertical plate, orient the logic board vertically and slide

it into the guide rails on the left inside of the computer.

2Push the logic board until it is back inside the computer case.

Gently but firmly push on

the vertical plate until the

logic board is solidly

back in place.

Align and insert the logic

board so that it engages

the guides on the top

and bottom of the

computer chassis.

217

Installing Expansion Cards or Additional Memory

3Reinsert the two screws.

4Plug all the cables except the power cord back into the computer.

5Reconnect the power cord.

Plug the power

cord into the back

of the computer.

Reinsert these

two screws.

218 Appendix B

Note: If your computer will not start after you’ve installed an expansion card,

DRAM, or the High Performance Module, you may need to press the reset

button on the main logic board. See the instructions listed under the problem

“The computer does not start and you have just installed DIMMs, a High

Performance Module, or expansion cards” in “Solutions to Common Problems

With Your Computer” in Chapter 9 of this manual.

WARNING

To ensure reliable and safe operation of your system, never

turn on your computer unless all of its internal and external parts are

in place.

219

Installing Expansion Cards or Additional Memory

221

Appendix C

Using the Optional Built-in Zip Drive

The optional internal Zip drive in your Macintosh accepts Zip disks, each of

which can hold 100 megabytes (MB) of information. The Zip drive is a SCSI

device—if your computer came with one installed, it uses SCSI ID number

Zip drive

Read this appendix for information

about your computer’s optional

built-in Zip drive.

With a Zip drive and Zip disks, you can do the following:

Extend your hard disk

Zip disks give you increased storage and easy access

to information. They are good for storage-hungry image, sound, and video

files that otherwise would take up space on your hard disk.

Move information

Zip disks offer complete mobility and can be moved and

used wherever you have another Zip drive.

Back up your hard disk

Zip disks provide a convenient way to back up your

hard disk and archive important records.

Secure sensitive files

To keep sensitive or confidential information safe, you

can store it on a Zip disk and use the Tools application to assign a

password that must be used in order to read or write information on the

disk.

This appendix contains basic information about working with Zip disks in

the internal Zip drive. Additional information is also available online in the

Iomega folder on your hard disk or on the CD-ROM disc that came with your

computer.

Inserting a Zip disk

Follow these instructions to insert a Zip disk into the Zip drive.

1Turn on your Macintosh.

2Gently insert the disk into the drive.

Insert the Zip disk, metal end first,

into the Zip drive of your computer.

The Zip disk is properly seated in the drive when

the end of the disk is flush with the drive opening.

222 Appendix C

In a moment, an icon for the Zip disk appears on your screen. You can store

and copy files to and from the Zip drive using the same methods you use for

other drives on your system.

If the icon for the Zip disk does not appear on your screen, refer to the

troubleshooting information in the online manuals and online help located

in the Iomega folder on your hard disk or on the CD-ROM disc that came

with your computer. (You may need to reinstall the Iomega Driver from the

Iomega folder.)

Ejecting a Zip disk

You eject a Zip disk the same way you eject a floppy disk, as follows:

1On the desktop, click the Zip disk icon to select it.

2Choose Put Away from the File menu.

The disk is ejected from the drive.

3Store the Zip disk in its protective case.

Note: You can also eject a Zip disk by dragging its icon to the Trash.

WARNING

Never force a Zip disk into or out of the drive, or use either

ordinary 3.5-inch disks or floppy head-cleaning disks in your Zip drive.

They will damage it.

223

Using the Optional Built-in Zip Drive

Problems ejecting a Zip disk?

If you cannot eject a Zip disk as described above, try the following:

mIf your system appears to be frozen, restart your computer. For

instructions, see the troubleshooting information in your user’s manual.

mTo eject a Zip disk manually during a power failure, insert the end of a

large straightened paper clip into the small hole near the disk drive’s

opening. Push gently until the disk is ejected. Do not use excessive force.

WARNING

Do not use this manual disk-ejection procedure while the

computer is turned on, or you may damage the Zip drive or the data on

the Zip disk.

Emergency ejection hole

224 Appendix C

Using the Tools application

The Tools application is located in the Iomega folder on your hard disk or on

the CD-ROM disc that came with your computer. You can use it to erase Zip

disks, set read/write protection options for Zip disks, and set other options.

The read/write protection features in the Tools application let you do the

following:

mWrite-protect a Zip disk to prevent anyone from overwriting critical data.

When a disk is write-protected, no one can save files on the disk.

mWrite-protect a Zip disk and assign a password that must be used to

remove the write protection.

mRead-protect a Zip disk so that it cannot be read from or written on,

unless the user enters the password you assign. (Use this option when you

want to protect sensitive information.)

For complete information about the Tools application, refer to the files for

onscreen help and onscreen manuals in the Iomega folder (available on your

computer’s hard disk or on the CD-ROM disc that contains system software).

IMPORTANT

Do not forget your password, particularly for a read-protected

disk. If you forget a password for a read-protected disk, the data on the disk

cannot be recovered, even by Apple or Iomega.

225

Using the Optional Built-in Zip Drive

Handling Zip disks

122

F (50

-8

F (-22

Keep disks dry.

Do not use a

pencil or an

eraser on a disk

or disk label.

Store disks at

temperatures

between -8

and 122

Do not touch the

exposed part of the

disk behind the

metal shutter.

Keep disks away

from magnets. Avoid exposing

disks to extremely

hot temperatures.

226 Appendix C

227

Your computer keyboard contains certain special keys that typewriter

keyboards don’t have. Many of these keys allow you to give commands to the

computer without using the mouse. For example, in many application

programs, pressing the x(Command) key at the same time as the Q key lets

you quit a program.

The following table describes what you can do with the special keys on your

keyboard. Special keys on your keyboard vary the model of keyboard you

have; some keyboards do not have all the keys listed.

Special keys on Apple keyboards

Arrow keys Use to move the insertion point, as an alternative to using the

pointer. In some programs, the arrow keys have other functions.

Caps Lock key Use to capitalize a series of letters (numbers and symbols

aren’t affected).

Clear key Use to delete the current selection (or use the Delete key).

In some programs, Clear has other functions.

(Command) key Use in combination with other keys as an alternative to

choosing a menu command.

continued

num

lock

clear

caps

lock

Appendix D

Special Keys on Your Keyboard

Read this appendix to learn

how to use the special

keys on your keyboard.

Special keys on Apple keyboards

(continued)

Control key In combination with other keys, this key provides shortcuts or

modifies other actions.

Delete key Use to delete selected material, or the character to the left of the

insertion point.

Enter key In a dialog box, pressing Enter is the same as clicking the

outlined button. In some programs, pressing this key confirms

information you have provided.

Escape key The function of this key depends on the program you’re using.

Function keys Some programs allow you to use the 12 function keys to give

commands. You can assign commands or action sequences to

function keys with special utility programs.

Numeric keys Use to produce numbers and mathematical symbols; some

programs use these keys as function keys to initiate actions.

Option key Use in combination with other keys to produce special

characters or modify actions.

Power key On some models, press to turn on the computer. Also press to

shut down the computer on certain models.

Return key Use to move the insertion point to the beginning of the next line.

In a dialog box, pressing Return is the same as clicking the

outlined button.

Shift key Use to produce capital letters (or the upper character

on the key).

Tab key Use to move the insertion point to the next stopping place

(such as a tab stop or field in a dialog box or program).

Other special keys The function of these keys depends on the operating system

and program you’re using.

homehelp

end

ins

del

page

down

tab

shift

return

option

alt

num

lock

clear

=/*

enter

esc

enter

delete

control

228 Appendix D

Typing special characters and symbols

You can type a variety of international and other special symbols and

characters (including characters with diacritical marks, such as accents)

by pressing combinations of keys.

The Key Caps program, which is installed with your system software, shows

you the characters produced when you type certain keys and key

combinations in the fonts available on your computer. Choose Key Caps from

the Apple (K) menu, then choose the font from the Key Caps menu.

To have Key Caps show more options for special characters, press each of these

keys or key combinations: Option, Shift, Shift-Option, Shift-x, and Option-x.

If you press the Option key, Key Caps outlines lightly the keys that you can

use in combination with letter keys to type letters with accents or other

diacritical marks.

229

Special Keys on Your Keyboard

Characters available

in the Chicago font

Characters appear

here when you press

keys on the keyboard

or click them in

the window.

Characters available

in the Chicago font

when the Option key

is pressed

The highlighted key represents the

key held down on the keyboard—

in this case, the Option key.

Note: If you see rectangles instead of diacritical marks on some of the

pictures of keys in Key Caps, try pressing Option-xto see the diacritical

marks. However, use the Option key (not Option-x) in combination with the

other keys to type letters with diacritical marks.

If you press the Option key at the same time as a key for a specific

diacritical mark and then release both keys, Key Caps outlines in bold the

keys for letters that can be typed with that mark. (You’ll see that most key

combinations for diacritical marks can be used with the Space bar as well as

letter keys—producing the mark without a letter.)

The most common diacritical marks and how to create them are

summarized next.

Diacritical mark Key combination

Grave accent ( ` ) Option–`, then type the character

Acute accent ( ´ ) Option–e, then type the character

Circumflex (^) Option–i, then type the character

Tilde (~) Option–n, then type the character

Umlaut ( ¨ ) Option–u, then type the character

The letter “c” with a cedilla (ç) Option–c

To type a letter or a space with a specific diacritical mark, press the Option key and

the key for the mark simultaneously. Then type the letter that needs the mark.

If you are having trouble getting a mark and letter to appear together, try

again. Be sure to press the Option key before (or at the same time as) the key

for the mark; then, after you release both keys, type the letter to be marked.

230 Appendix D

Special key combinations

If difficulties with your mouse or computer don’t allow you to use standard

methods of quitting a program or restarting your computer, you can try using

these special key combinations.

To do this … … press this key combination

Force a program to quit

-Option-Esc

Force the computer to restart

-Control–Power key

Start the computer from a CD-ROM disc C key (while starting up)

Ignore the selected startup device

-Option-Shift-Delete

Turn off system extensions Shift key (while starting up)

Start the Extensions Manager Space bar (while starting up)

Rebuild the desktop Option-

(while starting up)

231

Special Keys on Your Keyboard

AAUI connector 104

AAUI Ethernet port 104, 105

About Apple Extras file 28

accent marks, typing 230

adapters

Apple Ethernet AUI Adapter 104

ISDN terminal adapter 91

LocalTalk adapter 96, 97

media adapters 100

ADB. See Apple Desktop Bus

address. See Internet Protocol (IP)

address

alert sound, recording 46

America Online 85, 114, 115

angle of keyboard 13

AppleCD Audio Player program 48, 63,

78, 81

Apple customer support hotline 28

Apple Desktop Bus (ADB) icon 11

Apple Desktop Bus (ADB) port

connecting keyboard cable to 12

connecting mouse cable to 11

location of 45

purpose of 44

Apple Ethernet AUI Adapter 104

Apple Ethernet Comm II card 99

Apple External Video Connector kit 194

Apple Extras folder

About Apple Extras (Read Me) files in

28, 64

preinstalled programs in 63

removing applications from 72–73

Apple Internet Connection Kit (AICK)

90, 114–116

Apple LocalTalk Locking Connector Kit

DIN-8 96

Apple LocalTalk RJ-11 connector 96

Apple menu

AppleCD Audio Player 48, 78, 81

control panels in. See control panels

desk accessories in 66

Key Caps 229–230

replacing menu items in new System

Folder 169

Apple PlainTalk microphone, connecting

50–51

AppleScript program 63

AppleTalk control panel

closing 107

getting more information about 108

opening 106

purpose of 105

AppleTalk network 85, 105–108

AppleTalk zones 106, 107

233

Index

Can’t Find It? See also Macintosh Guide’s

onscreen index. Open the Guide (

) menu and

choose Macintosh Guide (or Mac OS Guide);

then click the Index button.

Index

Apple Video Player program 63

Apple Video System 194

application icon 22

Application menu 21, 66

active programs listed in 66

Finder command 30

Hide Others command 67

Show All command 67

switching applications from 67

application programs 63–73. See also

specific application

accessing over the Internet 118

backup applications 69

bundled with modems 89

debugging applications 89

designed for older Macintoshes 70, 141

designed for Power Macintosh 69, 70

determining which are open 66

dimmed icons for 67

displaying windows in 67

identifying the active application 66

increasing memory to run

programs 68

installing 64–66, 79

in system software 64

memory used by 68, 70, 134

opening, problems with 134

preinstalled 63–64

problems with 139, 140

quitting 124, 134, 231

removing 72–73

replacing on hard disk 127

screen saver programs 184

shared libraries and 140

switching 67

3D software 70–71

troubleshooting 64, 127, 134–136,

138–139, 141

virtual memory and 68

working with several at a time 66–69

arrow keys 227

arrow on screen. See pointer

arrows, scroll 22

At Ease (CD-ROM alternative to

Macintosh desktop) 133

audio. See sound

audio CDs. See also CD-ROM discs

playing 81

troubleshooting 148

virtual memory and 68

volume, adjusting 48

audio equipment, connecting

headphones 55

microphone 50–51

speakers 52–54

automatic shutdown 24, 25

automatic startup 24, 25

background of desktop, changing 35

backing up files 68–69

backup applications 69

Balloon Help 39

bass sound. See subwoofer

blinking question mark icon 128, 162

bomb icon 122, 124, 135

BootP server 110

brightness control on monitor 127

browsing the World Wide Web 116

cables. See also Ethernet network

coaxial cables 100

Ethernet cables 99–100, 102

fiber-optic cables 99, 104

handling 183

keyboard cable 12

LocalTalk cables 96, 97

modem cables 89

monitor cable 8, 10

mouse cable 11

printer cable 46

RJ-45 connector cable 100

SCSI cables 59–60

234 Index

Can’t Find It?

See also Macintosh

Guide’s onscreen index.

Open the Guide (

)

menu and choose

Macintosh Guide

(or Mac OS Guide);

then click the

Index button.

235

Index

SCSI peripheral interface cable 59

SCSI system cable 59

10Base-T twisted-pair cable 100

thick coaxial cable 99, 104

thin coaxial cable 99, 102, 103

thin or thick coaxial (10Base-2)

cable 99

twisted pair (10Base-T) cable 99

cable TV, connecting Macintosh to 45

cache module. See High Performance

Module

cache slot 196, 216

Caps Lock key 227

cards

Apple Ethernet Comm II card 99

communication card 45, 208–211

Ethernet card 86, 98–100

expansion card 130, 194–195,

201–211

internal modem card 87

PCI card 94, 201–207

thin coaxial Ethernet card 102

TV/FM tuner card 45, 194

twisted pair (10Base-T) Ethernet

card 45

video input card 45, 194, 202, 207

case

cleaning 187

closing 217–219

opening 192–201

CD Extras folder

preinstalled programs in 63–64

removing software from 72–73

CD-ROM disc icon 78

CD-ROM discs. See also CD-ROM drive

At Ease desktop alternative on 133

audio CDs 81, 148

capacity of 75

cleaning 146, 186

copying 66

copying files from 79–81

ejecting 78–79

ejecting unexpectedly 146

file formats for 80–81

handling 185–186

inserting into drive 76–77

installing application programs

from 66

labels on 77

opening documents on 147

Photo CDs 81, 82–84

polishing 146

safety precautions for 186

sharing over a network 84

small (8 cm) discs 76

starting up from 143, 154, 231

system software disc, removing

software from 72–73

troubleshooting 145–147

types you can use 75, 80–81

vibrating in tray 76, 77

CD-ROM drive 75–84. See also

CD-ROM discs

cleaning lens on 186

closing tray of 77, 79

discs compatible with 75, 80–81

discs vibrating in 77

ejecting disc from 78–79

inserting disc into 76–77

Open/Close button on 76

opening 76

safety precautions for ix, 186

SCSI ID number for 57, 58

spills on 186

troubleshooting 142–144

types of discs read by 75, 80–81

CD-ROM drive tray 76, 144

CD-ROM software, installing or

reinstalling 171–173

CD-ROM XA format 80

chat groups 115

Chooser, specifying a printer in 46

cleaning

case 187

CD-ROM discs 146, 186

CD-ROM drive lens 186

monitor 187

mouse 188–189

screen 181

spills 183, 184, 186

Clear key 227

clock 127

closing

CD-ROM drive tray 77, 79

computer 217–219

Macintosh Guide 38

windows 22

coaxial cables 100

coaxial port 102

Command key 227

commands

Empty Trash (Special menu) 22

Finder (Application menu) 30

Hide Balloons (Guide menu) 39

Hide Others (Application menu) 67

Macintosh Guide (Guide menu) 30

menus of 21

Open (File menu), shortcut for 40

Restart (Special menu) 124

Shortcuts (Guide menu) 40

shortcuts for. See shortcuts

Show All (Application menu) 67

Show Balloons (Guide menu) 39

Shut Down (Special menu) 26–27

Sleep (Special menu) 24

Sleep Setup (Energy Saver control

panel) 24

communicating via computer. See e-mail;

faxes; Internet; ISDN line;

modem; network; online

services; telephone; World

Wide Web

communication card

compatible vs. incompatible 208

Ethernet card 208

installing 208–211

location of 45

communication card access cover 45

communication slot 87, 99, 194, 208

Communications regulation

information viii

compact discs. See CD-ROM discs

CompuServe 85

configuring network connection

105–111

AppleTalk 106–108

TCP/IP 108–111

connecting

audio equipment 49–55

cables 183

connector into port 183

external SCSI devices 57–62

headphones 55

keyboard 12–13

microphone 50–51

modem 89

monitor 8–10

mouse 11

pointing devices 11

power cord 7

printer 46

SCSI devices 57–62

second monitor 56

speakers 52–54

to Ethernet network 102–105

to Internet 114–116

to ISDN line 90–91

to telephone line 85–91

to thin coaxial Ethernet network

102–103

to twisted-pair Ethernet network

100–101

connectors

Apple LocalTalk RJ-11 connector 96

plugging into port 183

RJ-45 connector 100

T-connector 102, 103

Control key 228

236 Index

Can’t Find It?

See also Macintosh

Guide’s onscreen index.

Open the Guide (

)

menu and choose

Macintosh Guide

(or Mac OS Guide);

then click the

Index button.

control panels

AppleTalk 105–108

Date & Time 33

Desktop Patterns 35

Energy Saver 23

Extensions Manager 125–126

incompatible 135

Memory 68, 70, 134, 141

Monitors & Sound 48, 51, 55

PC Exchange 139

replacing in new System Folder 169

Sharing Setup 78, 84

TCP/IP 105, 108, 109, 111

copying

application programs 64

CD-ROM discs 66

files 68–69

files from CD-ROM discs 79–81

countries, voltages for 6

CPU xi

cumulative trauma disorders 178

cursor. See pointer

customer support hotline 28

databases, accessing over the Internet

118

Date & Time control panel 33

debugging applications 89

Delete key 228

desk accessories

switching between 67

working with several at a time 66

desktop

appearance of 16

CD-ROM alternative to (At Ease) 133

changing background of 35

hiding and showing windows on 67

rebuilding 125–126, 231

Desktop Patterns control panel 35

device drivers for SCSI devices 62

DHCP server 110

diacritical marks, typing 230

digital telephone line. See ISDN line

dimmed icons for applications 67

DIMMs. See DRAM DIMMs

disc drive. See CD-ROM drive

discharging static electricity 199

discs. See CD-ROM discs

disk drives. See floppy disk drive; hard

disk; Zip drive

Disk First Aid icon 158

Disk First Aid program 158–160, 163

disk icon

with blinking question mark 128, 162

with X 129

disks. See floppy disks; hard disk; Zip

disks

Disk Tools disk, starting up from 155

display. See screen

DOC statement ix

document icon 22

documents

copying 68–65

DOS 132, 139, 140

troubleshooting 147

DOS disks/files 132, 139, 140

downloading

data, speed of 88

files over the Internet 118

DRAM configurations 196–197

DRAM DIMMs. See also memory

configurations 196–197

handling 213

installing 214–215

removing 212–213

troubleshooting 130

types to use 197

DRAM DIMM slots 196, 213–215

drivers for SCSI devices 61

Drive Setup icon 157

Drive Setup program

accessing hard disk with 131

initializing hard disk with 161

testing hard disk with 157–158

237

Index

Dual Inline Memory Modules. See

DIMMs

dynamic random-access memory. See

DRAM

ejecting

CD-ROM discs 78–79, 146

floppy disks 133

Zip disks 223

electrical grounding 5, 7, 43

electrical hazards, avoiding 7, 89, 182

electromagnetic emissions 181

electronic mail 115, 117

electronic service providers 114, 115

e-mail 115, 117. See also Internet

Empty Trash command

(Special menu) 22

Empty Trash warning, disabling 37

energy, conserving 15, 16, 23–25

Energy Saver control panel 23–25

Energy Saver dialog box 15, 23

Enter key 228

equipment 4

erasing disks 160

error message 122–123. See also

troubleshooting

errors. See troubleshooting

Escape key 228

Ethernet AUI Adapter 104

Ethernet cables 99–100, 102

Ethernet card

choosing 98

installing 98–100

purpose of 86, 208

Ethernet network 98–105

choosing and installing an Ethernet

card 98–100

connecting to a thin coaxial Ethernet

network 102–103

connecting to a twisted-pair Ethernet

network 100–101

connecting to other types of Ethernet

network 104–105

installing an Ethernet card 99

purpose of 94

Ethernet port 101, 103–105

Ethernet transceiver 104

expanding your computer 43–62

expansion bay 44, 62

expansion cards

communication cards 208–211

installing 201–211

PCI cards 201–207

purpose of 194–195

troubleshooting 130

types of 194–195

warning about 195

expansion slots. See slots

extended miniplug 49, 50

extensions

incompatible 135

installing 166

replacing in new System Folder 166

turning off 231

Extensions Manager control panel 125,

126, 231

exterior of computer. See case

external SCSI devices, connecting 57–62

external SCSI terminator 60–61

eye fatigue 179

fatigue

eye 179

general 181

faxes 85, 87

FCC statement viii

FDDI network 94

fiber-optic cable 104

fiber-optic media 99

file formats for CD-ROM discs 80

File menu, Open command 40

238 Index

Can’t Find It?

See also Macintosh

Guide’s onscreen index.

Open the Guide (

)

menu and choose

Macintosh Guide

(or Mac OS Guide);

then click the

Index button.

files

accessing over the Internet 118

backing up 68–69

copying from CD-ROM discs 79–81

failure to find 140

opening 40

file sharing 84, 78

Finder

activating 30

Macintosh Guide and 30

shortcuts for commands in 40–41

Finder icon 66

floppy disk drive

ejecting disk from 133

inserting disk into 65

location of 44

floppy disks

backing up files on 64

DOS 132

ejecting 133

erasing 160

handling 185

inserting into drive 65

installing applications from 65

labeling 185

PC 132

reinitializing 160

repairing 158–160

starting up from 155

storing 185

testing and repairing 158–160

troubleshooting 132–133, 158–160

FM radio antenna, connecting Macintosh

to 45

FM tuner card. See TV/FM tuner card

folder icon 22

folders

Apple Extras folder 72–73

CD Extras folder 63–64, 72–73

System Folder 162, 169

fonts, replacing in new System

Folder 169

formats for CD-ROM discs 80–81

formatting disks. See initializing

FTP (File Transfer Protocol)

software 118

Function keys 228

furniture, arranging for comfort 179–180

glare on screen 8, 180, 181

graphics, source of 82

grounded outlet 7

grounding 5, 7, 43

grounding plug 7

Guide menu

Hide Balloons command 39

location of 21

Macintosh Guide command 30

purpose of 20, 29

Shortcuts command 40

Show Balloons command 39

Guide menu icon 29

handling computer equipment

cables 183

CD-ROM discs 185–186

DRAM DIMMs 213

floppy disks 185

general instructions for 183

High Performance Module 216

keyboard 184

monitor 184

PCI card 204

power supply 187

Zip disks 225

239

Index

hard disk

backing up files on 69

damaged 157–158

initializing 160–161

installing applications on 64–66, 79

installing system software on

162–171

location of 44

preinstalled applications on 63–64

rebuilding desktop on 125–126, 231

repairing 158–160

starting up from, problems with 131

testing 157–158

troubleshooting 131, 156–161

using for additional memory 68

hard disk icon 16

hard disk sleep 24

hardware handshaking 89

headphone jack 44, 47, 55

headphones

connecting 55

3D Surround Sound and 48

troubleshooting 141

health-related information 177–181. See

also safety precautions

arranging your office 179–180

electromagnetic emissions 181

eye fatigue 179

general fatigue 181

musculoskeletal discomfort 178

posture 180–181

help, sources of 28, 29–41. See also

Balloon Help; Guide menu;

Macintosh Guide;

troubleshooting

HFS (Hierarchical File system)

format 80

Hide Balloons command

(Guide menu) 39

Hide Others command (Application

menu) 67

hiding and showing windows on the

desktop 67

High Performance Module (level 2

cache) 196, 212, 216. See also

memory

High Sierra discs 147

High Sierra file format 80, 147

hotline for customer support 28

"Huh?" button in Macintosh Guide 38

I, J

icons 22

Apple Desktop Bus icon 11

application icon 22

bomb icon 122, 124, 135

CD-ROM disc icon 78

dimmed icons 67

Disk First Aid icon 158

disk icon with blinking question mark

128, 162

disk icon with X 129

document icon 22

Drive Setup icon 157, 161

Finder icon 66

folder icon 22

Guide menu icon 29

hard disk icon 16

incorrect appearance of 131

Installer icon 64

printer port icon 46

“sad Macintosh” icon 129

SCSI icon 57

Zip disk icon 223

Index button in Macintosh Guide 34–35

initializing

DOS disks 132

floppy disks 132

hard disk 160–161

inserting

CD-ROM disc into drive 76–77

floppy disk into drive 65

Zip disk into drive 222–223

Installer 64

Installer icon 64

240 Index

Can’t Find It?

See also Macintosh

Guide’s onscreen index.

Open the Guide (

)

menu and choose

Macintosh Guide

(or Mac OS Guide);

then click the

Index button.

installing

application programs 64–66, 79

CD-ROM software 171–173

communication card 208–211

Ethernet card 98–100

expansion card 201–211

extensions 166

memory 195–197, 214–215

PCI card 201–207

system software 162–171

Integrated Services Digital Network.

See ISDN

interference viii, 56, 184

internal storage devices, replacing 62

international voltages 6

Internet

accessing databases over 118

accessing through a network 95

accessing through a telephone line 85

browsing the World Wide Web 116

chat groups on 115

connecting to 114–116

e-mail on 115, 117

language for 114

newsgroups on 117

protocols for 114, 116

purpose of 114

restricting access to 115

sharing files and data on 118

software for connection to 116

TCP/IP standards and 108

World Wide Web 85

Internet Connection Kit. See Apple

Internet Connection Kit

Internet Protocol (IP) 114

Internet Protocol (IP) address 109, 110

Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 87,

109, 114, 115

Iomega folder, Tools application in 225

IP (Internet protocol) 114

IP address 109, 110

ISDN line 86, 90–91

ISDN network, connecting to 94

ISDN terminal adapter 91

ISO 9660 discs 147

ISO 9660 format 80

keyboard

adjusting angle of 13

connecting 12–13

handling 184

plugging mouse into 11

posture for 180

shortcuts with. See keyboard shortcuts

special keys on 227–228, 231

spills on 183, 184

troubleshooting 137, 138

typing special characters and symbols

on 229–230

keyboard cable 12

keyboard shortcuts (key combinations)

for Finder tasks 40–41

to force computer to restart 231

to force program to quit 231

to quit application 124, 231

to rebuild desktop 231

to restart computer when Restart

command cannot be chosen 124

to start Extensions Manager 231

to start up from a CD-ROM disc 231

to turn off system extensions 231

Key Caps program 229–230

key combinations. See keyboard

shortcuts

labeling floppy disks 185

labels on CD-ROM discs 77

LANs (local area networks) 93. See also

network

level 2 memory cache 212, 216

libraries, accessing over the Internet 118

lighting, eye fatigue and 180

241

Index

local area networks (LANs) 93. See also

network

LocalTalk adapter 96, 97

LocalTalk cables 96, 97

LocalTalk Locking Connector Kit

DIN-8 96

LocalTalk network. See also network

connecting to 96–97

purpose of 94

LocalTalk RJ-11 connector 96

locking and unlocking the mouse

189–191

logic board

DRAM DIMM slots on 196

PCI slot on 99, 194

removing 200–201

replacing 217

reset button on 130, 219

SCSI ID number for 58

Look For button in Macintosh Guide

36–37

low-power mode. See sleep

Macintosh desktop. See desktop

Macintosh Guide (Mac OS Guide)

30–38. See also Macintosh

Guide window

"Huh?" button in 38

opening 30

returning to 33

searching for specific topic in 36–37

tips for using 38

viewing list of topics in 32–33

viewing topics alphabetically in

34–35

Macintosh Guide window

closing 38

Index button in 34–35

Look For button in 36–37

moving 31, 38

opening 30

returning to 33

Topics button at the top of the window

32–33

Topics button in the lower-left corner

of the window 32–33, 35

Macintosh Tutorial 19–20

MacIP sever 110

Mac OS Guide. See Macintosh Guide

main logic board. See logic board

maintenance

CD-ROM discs 146, 186

CD-ROM drive 186

floppy disks 185

keyboard 184

monitor 184

mouse 137, 188–191

screen 181

media adapters 100

memory

adding 195–197, 214–215

clearing to solve problems 124

conserving 70

DRAM configurations 196–197

DRAM DIMMs 196–197, 212–215

High Performance Module 197, 216

increasing to run applications 68

installing 195–197, 214–215

required by native Power Macintosh

applications 70

running out of 134

used by application programs 68, 134

using hard disk as 68

virtual memory 68, 134, 151

Memory control panel

older Macintosh programs and 141

turning off Memory Manager with 70

menu bar 21

menus

Apple menu 229–230

Application menu 21, 66, 67

File menu 40

Guide menu 20, 21, 39, 40

opening 21

Special menu 24, 124

242 Index

Can’t Find It?

See also Macintosh

Guide’s onscreen index.

Open the Guide (

)

menu and choose

Macintosh Guide

(or Mac OS Guide);

then click the

Index button.

messages. See e-mail; error messages

microphone

connecting 50–51

on monitor 10

troubleshooting 142

microprocessor xi

miniplugs for audio equipment 49, 50

modem 86–90

choosing 88–89

connecting 89

connecting to the Internet or online

services with 113–118

external 87

safety precautions for 89

setting up to connect online 90

software bundled with 89

speed of 88

modem cables 89

modem card, internal 87

modem port 44, 45

Modern Memory Manager 70, 141

monitor. See also screen

brightness control on 127

cleaning 187

connecting 8–10

connecting a second monitor 56

electromagnetic emissions from 181

glare on 8

handling 184

headphones connected to 141

microphone in 50

position of 180

power socket for 45

power switch on 14

resolution of 71

speakers in 48

turning on 14–16

volume controls on 48

monitor cable 8, 10

monitor port 44, 45

monitor power cord 8, 9, 10

monitor power cord plug 9

monitor power socket 9

Monitors & Sound control panel 48,

51, 55

monitor sleep 24

mouse

cleaning 188–189

connecting 11

holding 19

locking and unlocking 189–191

moving 19

moving pointer with 19

position of 180

shortcuts using 40–41

troubleshooting connections of

136–137

mouse button 19

mouse cable 11

moving

Macintosh Guide window 31, 38

mouse 19

pointer on screen 19

musculoskeletal discomfort 178

Net. See Internet

network 93–111

accessing a sleeping computer over

AppleTalk 85, 106–108

backing up files on 69

benefits of 94

configuring network connections

105–111

connecting to 93–111

Ethernet 98–105

FDDI 94

ISDN 94

local area networks (LANs) 93

LocalTalk 96–97

purpose of 93

shared telecommunications equipment

on 86

sharing CD-ROM discs over 84

243

Index

network (contiued)

TCP/IP 108–111

Token Ring 94

types of 94

wide area networks (WANs) 93

network administrator 94, 102, 109

network terminator 97

newsgroups on the Internet 117

numeric keys 228

office arrangement guidelines 179–180

online connections 85–91

online services 85, 87, 114, 115

Open/Close button on CD-ROM drive 76

Open command (File menu), shortcut

for 40

opening

CD-ROM drive 76

computer 198–201

files 40

Macintosh Guide 30

Photo CD images 83

Option key 228, 230

password for Zip disks 225

PC disks 132

PC Exchange control panel 139

PC Exchange program 64

PCI card

handling 204

installing 201–207

purpose of 94

PCI card access cover 45

PCI slot 99, 194

Photo CDs 81–84

handling 186

obtaining 83

opening images on 83

resolution and 84

troubleshooting 149

PlainTalk microphone, connecting 50–51

PlainTalk program 64

playing

audio CDs 81

stereo sound 46

plugging in the computer 5–7

pointer

frozen on screen 27, 122, 136

moving on screen 19

pointing device. See also mouse

connecting 11

troubleshooting 136

Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) 116

ports

AAUI Ethernet port 104, 105

Apple Desktop Bus (ADB) port 11,

12, 44, 45

coaxial port 102

Ethernet port 101, 103–105

modem port 10, 44, 45

monitor port 10, 44, 45

plugging connectors into 183

printer port 44, 45, 46

SCSI port 44, 45, 57

security lock port 45

sound input port 44, 45, 47, 49, 50

sound output port 44, 45, 47

twisted-pair Ethernet port

(10Base-2) 103

posture guidelines 180

power, connecting 6

power button. See standby power button

power cord

for the computer 6, 7

for the monitor 8–9

power cord plug 7

power cord socket 7

Power key

failure of 27, 124

location of 44

purpose of 228

restarting the computer with 27, 124

244 Index

Can’t Find It?

See also Macintosh

Guide’s onscreen index.

Open the Guide (

)

menu and choose

Macintosh Guide

(or Mac OS Guide);

then click the

Index button.

turning the computer off with 26

turning the computer on with 14, 27

waking the computer with 16

power-on light 44

PowerPC microprocessor xi

power plug 6

power socket for monitor 45

power strip 7

power supply, safety precautions for 187

power switch

on the computer. See standby power

button

on the monitor 14

PPP. See Point-to-Point Protocol

printer

connecting 46

troubleshooting 128, 153

printer cable 46

printer port 44, 45, 46

printer port icon 46

problems. See troubleshooting

processor xi

programs. See application programs

protocols, Internet 114

question mark icon

as Guide menu indicator 29

blinking at startup 128, 162

QuickDraw 3D program 64, 70–72, 152

quitting applications

forcing to quit 124, 231

shortcut for 231

unexpectedly 134

when problems occur 124

radio. See also TV/FM tuner card

interference on viii, 56, 184

listening to on your computer 194

RAM, increasing 68. See also memory

RAM disk 68

RARP server 110

Read Me files 28, 64

rebuilding desktop 125–126, 231

recording sound 46, 50, 142

reflections on screen 8, 180, 181

reinitializing disks 160

reinstalling

CD-ROM software 171–173

system software 162–171

remote control sensor 44

removing

application programs 72–73

computer cover 198–201

DRAM DIMMs 212–213

repairing

computer 123

hard or floppy disks 158–160

repetitive stress injuries 178

replacing internal storage devices 62

reset button on main logic board

130, 219

resolution 84

Restart command (Special menu) 124

restarting the computer

after Shut Down 27

forcing the computer to restart 231

problems restarting 124, 139

using restart to solve problems 124

Return key 228

right-angle-bracket prompt 142

RJ-45 connector 100

ROM 75

“sad Macintosh” icon 129

safety precautions 182–187. See also

health-related information

CD-ROM discs 186

CD-ROM drive ix, 186

connecting equipment 43

electrical hazards, avoiding 7, 182

245

Index

safety precautions (continued)

electromagnetic emissions 181

floppy disks 185

general precautions 182

grounding plug 7

handling computer equipment

183–187

modem 89

power supply 187

when to turn off computer and pull the

plug 182

saving energy 15–16, 23–25

scanner 57

scheduling automatic startup and

shutdown 25

screen. See also monitor

basic elements on 21

brightness of 127

cleaning 181

dark 17, 126

glare and reflection on 8, 180, 181

height and distance of 180

increasing screen display space 56

interference on viii, 56, 184

moving pointer on 19

screen saver programs 184

scroll arrows on windows 22

SCSI chain 57–60

cables for 59, 61

connecting devices in 57–62

length of cables in 59

number of devices supported in 59

SCSI ID numbers and 57, 58

terminating 60–61

SCSI devices

connecting 57–61

device drivers for 61

terminators for 60

troubleshooting 131

SCSI icon 57

SCSI ID numbers 57, 58

SCSI peripheral interface cable 59

SCSI port 44, 45, 57

SCSI system cable 59

SCSI terminator 60–61

security lock port 45

server options, setting 25

servers 110, 122

service providers 114, 115

setting up the computer 5–10

connecting monitor 8–10

connecting mouse and keyboard

11–13

plugging in the computer 5–7

turning the computer on for the first

time 14–16

shared libraries 140

sharing CD-ROM discs over a

network 84

Sharing Setup control panel 78, 84

Shift key 228

shortcuts

for Finder tasks 40–41

to force computer to restart 231

to ignore the selected startup device

231

to quit an application 124, 231

to rebuild the desktop 231

to restart the computer 124

to start the Extensions Manager 231

to turn off system extensions 231

Shortcuts command (Guide menu) 40

Show All command

(Application menu) 67

Show Balloons command

(Guide menu) 39

Shut Down command (Special menu)

26–27

Shutdown dialog box 24

Shut Down option (Sleep command) 24

shutting down the computer

automatic shutdown 24, 25

problems with 27

with Shut Down command (Special

menu) 26–27

246 Index

Can’t Find It?

See also Macintosh

Guide’s onscreen index.

Open the Guide (

)

menu and choose

Macintosh Guide

(or Mac OS Guide);

then click the

Index button.

with Shut Down option (Sleep

command) 24

with the standby power button 27

SimpleText program 63, 82

size box on windows 22

sleep

accessing a sleeping computer over a

network 25

inducing 24

waking from 16, 25

Sleep command (Special menu) 24

Sleep Setup command (Energy Saver

control panel) 24

slots

cache slot 196, 216

communication slot 87, 99, 194, 208

DRAM DIMM slots 196, 213–215

PCI slot 99, 194

video-in slot 194, 202, 207

software. See application programs; CD-

ROM software; system software

sound 46–54. See also audio CDs

adjusting 48

bass sound 49, 52

recording 50, 142

3D Surround Sound 48, 141

troubleshooting 141–142, 148

volume of 48, 148

sound control buttons 48, 54

sound control panel. See Monitors &

Sound control panel

sound input port 44, 45, 47, 49, 50

Sound Out Level slider (Monitors &

Control sound panel) 48

sound output port 44, 45, 47

speakers

built-in 45, 47, 49

connecting 52–54

external 45, 48, 49, 52–54

in monitor 10, 45, 48

special characters and symbols 229–230

special keys 227–228, 231

Special menu

Empty Trash command 22

Restart command 124

Shut Down command 26–27

Sleep command 24

spills

on CD-ROM drive 186

on computer equipment 183

on keyboard 183, 184

standby power button 7, 27, 44, 45

starting up. See also startup disk; turning

computer on

automatic startup 24, 25

from CD-ROM disc 143, 154, 231

from floppy disk 155

from hard disk, problems with 131

troubleshooting 17, 129–131,

138, 162

startup disk

CD-ROM disc as 143, 154, 231

floppy disk as 155

rebuilding desktop of 125–126

troubleshooting 128, 129, 131, 138

static electricity, avoiding while

installing cards 199

stereo miniplug 49, 50

stereo sound 46, 49

stereo speakers, connecting 52–54

storage devices, replacing 62

storing floppy disks 185

subnet mask 109

subwoofer 48, 49, 52

subwoofer balance control

adjusting 49

location of 45

purpose of 48, 54

troubleshooting 141

support 28, 122

“surfing” the World Wide Web 116

switching applications 67

symbols, typing 229–230

system error 122, 124, 135

system extensions. See extensions

247

Index

System Folder

creating 166–169

purpose of 162

system software

applications in 64

installing or reinstalling 162–171

on CD-ROM disc 162

on floppy disk 162

purpose of 162

troubleshooting 128

Tab key 228

tape drive, backing up files to 69

T-connector 102, 103

TCP/IP 108, 114

TCP/IP control panel

closing 111

getting more information about 111

opening 109

purpose of 105

setting up 108

TCP/IP network 108–111

telecommunications. See e-mail; faxes;

Internet; ISDN line; modem;

network; online services;

telephone; World Wide Web

telecommuting 90

telephone calls, sending and receiving 87

telephone line

choosing and connecting a modem

87–90

connecting the computer to 85–91

connecting through an ISDN line

90–91

equipment required for 86

television. See also TV/FM tuner card

interference on viii, 56, 184

recording broadcasts from 194

watching TV broadcasts on your

computer 194

Telnet software 118

10Base-T (twisted pair) cables 99, 100

10Base-2 (thin or thick coaxial)

cables 99

terminal adapter, ISDN 91

terminating

a network 97

a SCSI chain 60–61

a thin coaxial network 103

testing a disk 157–158

thick coaxial cable 99, 104

thin coaxial cable 99, 102, 103

thin coaxial Ethernet card 102

thin coaxial Ethernet network, connecting

to 102–103

thin coaxial Ethernet terminator 103

thin or thick coaxial cables

(10Base-2) 99

3D acceleration

troubleshooting 151–152

turning off and on 72

using 70–71

3D rendering 151

3D software 70–71

3D Surround Sound 48, 55, 141

time and date, setting 33

title bar on window 22

Token Ring network 94

Tools application 225

Topics button in Macintosh Guide

at the top of the window 32–33

in the lower-left corner of the window

33, 35

Transmission Control Protocol/Internet

Protocol. See TCP/IP

Trash 22, 39

troubleshooting 121–173. See also

Balloon Help; Macintosh Guide

application programs 64, 127, 134,

139–141

audio CDs 148

blinking disk icon appears on

screen 128

248 Index

Can’t Find It?

See also Macintosh

Guide’s onscreen index.

Open the Guide (

)

menu and choose

Macintosh Guide

(or Mac OS Guide);

then click the

Index button.

bomb icon appears on screen 122,

124, 135

CD-ROM discs 76, 77, 145–147, 154

CD-ROM drive 142–144

clock 127

common problems 126–142

damaged disks 156–160

dark screen 17, 126

diagnosing problems 123

DIMMs 130

disk icon with X appears and floppy

disk is ejected 129

DOS disks 132

DOS documents 139, 140

ejecting floppy disk 133

ejecting Zip disk 224

error messages 122, 123, 124

expansion cards 130

file cannot be found 140

file cannot be opened 139

floppy disk 132–133, 158–160

hard disk 131, 156–161

headphones 141

High Performance Module 130

High Sierra discs 147

icons do not appear correctly on

screen 131

ISO 9660 discs 147

keyboard 138

memory 134

microphone 142

mouse connections 136–137

performance 150

Photo CDs 149

pointer does not move when you move

the mouse 136

Power key does not turn off

computer 124

printer problems 128, 153

question mark icon appears at startup

128, 162

QuickDraw 3D 152

quitting application programs when

problem occurs 124

rebuilding desktop 125–126

recording sound 142

restarting the computer 124, 139

right-angle-bracket-prompt appears on

screen 142

“sad Macintosh” icon appears on

screen 129

SCSI devices 128

shutting down the computer 27

software problems 134–136, 138–139

sound problems 141–142, 148

spills 183, 184

startup disk 129

startup problems 17, 129–131,

138, 162

system error 122, 124, 135

system software problems

128–129, 166

3D acceleration 151–152

turning computer off 27

turning computer on 17

typing on keyboard produces nothing

on screen 137

volume 141, 148

where to find answers 28

turning computer off 26–27

troubleshooting 27, 124

when Shut Down fails 27

with Energy Saver control panel 23

with Power key 26

with Shut Down command 26–27

with standby power button 27, 44

turning computer on

after Shut Down 27

for the first time 14–16

troubleshooting 17

with Power key 14, 26

with standby power button 44

tutorial program 19–20

TV. See television

TV antenna, connecting Macintosh to 45

249

Index

TV/FM tuner card 45, 194

twisted-pair cables 100

twisted-pair Ethernet network,

connecting to 100–101

twisted-pair Ethernet port

(10Base-2) 103

twisted pair (10Base-T) Ethernet card 45

typing special characters and symbols

229–230

unlocking the mouse 190–191

unplugging the computer 7

utilities

custom 166

replacing in new System Folder 169

VCCI statement ix

VCR, connecting Macintosh to 45

vibration of CD-ROM disc in drive

76, 77

video camera, connecting Macintosh

to 45

video connector kit 194

video features 55–62, 194

video input card

location of 45

purpose of 194

removing 202

replacing 207

video-in slot 202, 207, 194

virtual memory 68, 134, 151

voltages for different locations 6

voltage switch 5–6

volume. See also sound

adjusting 48, 54

subwoofer volume 49, 54

troubleshooting 141, 148

volume control button 44

W, X, Y

waking computer from sleep 16, 25

WANs (wide area networks) 93. See also

network

warranty 122

Web. See World Wide Web

Web pages 88, 116

Web site 116

wide area networks (WANs) 93. See also

network

windows 22. See also Macintosh Guide

window

bringing hidden portions of into

bringing to the front 22

changing shape of 22

changing size of 22, 38

closing 22

hiding and showing on the desktop 67

moving 22

World Wide Web. See also Internet

browsing 116

downloading data from 88

write protection for Zip disks 225

Zip disk icon 223

Zip disks

capacity of 221

ejecting 223–224

handling 226

inserting 222–223

password for 225

purpose of 222

read/write protection for 225

Zip drive 221–226

ejecting disk from 223–224

inserting disk into 222–223

purpose of 222

zones, AppleTalk 106, 107

zoom box on windows 22, 38

250 Index

Can’t Find It?

See also Macintosh

Guide’s onscreen index.

Open the Guide (

)

menu and choose

Macintosh Guide

(or Mac OS Guide);

then click the

Index button.



Power Macintosh

User’s Manual

Includes setup, troubleshooting, and important health-related

information for Power Macintosh 6500 series computers

K Apple Computer, Inc.

Under the copyright laws, this manual may not be copied, in whole or in part, without the

written consent of Apple. Your rights to the software are governed by the accompanying

software license agreement.

The Apple logo is a trademark of Apple Computer, Inc., registered in the U.S. and other

countries. Use of the “keyboard” Apple logo (Option-Shift-K) for commercial purposes without

the prior written consent of Apple may constitute trademark infringement and unfair

competition in violation of federal and state laws.

Every effort has been made to ensure that the information in this manual is accurate. Apple is

not responsible for printing or clerical errors.

Apple Computer, Inc.

1 Infinite Loop

Cupertino, CA 95014-2084

408-996-1010

http://www.apple.com

Apple, the Apple logo, AppleCD, AppleScript, Apple SuperDrive, AppleTalk, Chicago,

GeoPort, LaserWriter, LocalTalk, Mac, Macintosh, PlainTalk, Power Macintosh, and

QuickTime are trademarks of Apple Computer, Inc., registered in the U.S. and other countries.

AppleCD, At Ease, Balloon Help, Disk First Aid, Extensions Manager, Finder, Foreign File

Access, Macintosh PC Exchange, and QuickDraw are trademarks of Apple Computer, Inc.

Adobe and PostScript are trademarks of Adobe Systems Incorporated or its subsidiaries and

may be registered in certain jurisdictions.

Helvetica and Times are registered trademarks of Linotype-Hell AG and/or its subsidiaries.

Iomega is a registered trademark, and Zip is a trademark of Iomega Corporation.

NuBus is a trademark of Texas Instruments.

PowerPC and the PowerPC logo are trademarks of International Business Machines

Corporation, used under license therefrom.

SRS and the SRS logo are registered trademarks of SRS Labs, Inc.

Simultaneously published in the United States and Canada.

Other company and product names mentioned herein are trademarks of their respective

companies. Mention of third-party products is for informational purposes only and constitutes

neither an endorsement nor a recommendation. Apple assumes no responsibility with regard to

the performance or use of these products.

iii

Communications regulation information viii

Laser Information ix

Preface Welcome to Power Macintosh xi

Part I

1Getting Started 3

Plugging in the computer 5

Connecting a monitor 8

Connecting the mouse and keyboard 11

Connecting other equipment 13

Tur ning the computer on for the first time 14

Problems turning on your computer? 17

What’s next? 18

Learning the basics 19

Reviewing the basics 21

Saving energy with the Energy Saver control panel 23

Tur ning the computer off 26

Tur ning the computer on 27

Where to find answers 28

Contents

2Getting Help 29

Getting answers to your questions 30

Tips for using Macintosh Guide 38

Identifying what’s on your computer screen 39

Learning useful shortcuts 40

3Expanding Your Computer and Using Its Special Features 43

Connecting a printer 46

Using your computer’s sound features 46

Connecting audio equipment 49

Using your computer’s video features 55

Connecting external SCSI devices, such as a scanner or external

hard disk 57

Replacing or adding internal storage devices 62

4Installing and Using Application Programs 63

Installing application programs 64

Working with several applications at a time 66

Backing up your files 68

Using Power Macintosh application programs 69

Using older Macintosh applications 70

Using special 3D software 70

Removing software 72

iv Contents

5Using the Optional Built-in CD-ROM Drive 75

Inserting a CD-ROM disc 76

If your CD-ROM disc vibrates in the CD-ROM drive 77

Ejecting a CD-ROM disc 78

Copying files from CD-ROM discs 79

Typ es of co m p a ct discs you can use 80

Playing audio CDs 81

Working with Photo CDs 82

Sharing a CD-ROM disc over a network 84

6Connecting Your Computer to a Telephone Line 85

Typ es of e q uipment 86

Choosing and connecting a modem 87

Connecting to an ISDN line 90

7Connecting Your Computer to a Network 93

Connecting to a LocalTalk network 96

Connecting to an Ethernet network 98

Configuring your network connection 105

8Using Your Modem to Connect to the Internet

or an Online Service 113

About the Internet and its language 114

Using your modem to connect to an Internet Service Provider

or an online service 114

What you can do on the Internet 116

Contents

Part II

9Troubleshooting 121

When you have questions 121

If you have trouble 122

Solutions to common problems with your computer 126

Solutions to CD-ROM problems 142

If your computer’s performance decreases 150

Troubleshooting 3D Acceleration 151

Solving printer problems 153

Starting up from a CD-ROM disc 154

Starting up from a floppy disk 155

Tes ti ng a nd repairing a damaged disk 156

Initializing a hard disk 160

Installing or reinstalling system software 162

Installing or reinstalling CD-ROM software 171

Part III

Appendix A Health, Safety, and Maintenance Tips 177

Health-related information about computer use 177

Safety instructions 182

Handling your computer equipment 183

Cleaning your equipment 187

Locking and unlocking the mouse 189

vi Contents

Appendix B Installing Expansion Cards or Additional Memory 193

About expansion cards 194

About memory 195

Opening the computer 198

Installing an expansion card 201

Installing DIMMs or a High Performance Module (level 2 cache) 212

Closing the computer 217

Appendix C Using the Optional Built-in Zip Drive 221

Inserting a Zip disk 222

Ejecting a Zip disk 223

Using the Tools application 225

Handling Zip disks 226

Appendix D Special Keys on Your Keyboard 227

Typi ng sp e cial ch aracters and symbols 229

Special key combinations 231

Index 233

vii

Contents

Communications regulation information

FCC declaration of conformity

This device complies with part 15 of the FCC rules. Operation is subject to the following two

conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept

any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation. See

instructions if interference to radio or television reception is suspected.

Radio and television interference

The equipment described in this manual generates, uses, and can radiate radio-frequency

energy. If it is not installed and used properly—that is, in strict accordance with Apple’s

instructions—it may cause interference with radio and television reception.

This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device

in accordance with the specifications in Part 15 of FCC rules. These specifications are designed

to provide reasonable protection against such interference in a residential installation. However,

there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation.

You can determine whether your computer system is causing interference by turning it off. If

the interference stops, it was probably caused by the computer or one of the peripheral devices.

If your computer system does cause interference to radio or television reception, try to correct

the interference by using one or more of the following measures:

mTurn the television or radio antenna until the interference stops.

mMove the computer to one side or the other of the television or radio.

mMove the computer farther away from the television or radio.

mPlug the computer into an outlet that is on a different circuit from the television or radio.

(That is, make certain the computer and the television or radio are on circuits controlled by

different circuit breakers or fuses.)

If necessary, consult an Apple-authorized service provider or Apple. See the service and support

information that came with your Apple product. Or, consult an experienced radio/television

technician for additional suggestions.

Important

Changes or modifications to this product not authorized by Apple Computer, Inc.,

could void the FCC Certification and negate your authority to operate the product.

This product was tested for FCC compliance under conditions that included the use of Apple

peripheral devices and Apple shielded cables and connectors between system components. It is

important that you use Apple peripheral devices and shielded cables and connectors between

system components to reduce the possibility of causing interference to radios, television sets,

and other electronic devices. You can obtain Apple peripheral devices and the proper shielded

cables and connectors through an Apple-authorized dealer. For non-Apple peripheral devices,

contact the manufacturer or dealer for assistance.

Responsible party: Robert Steinfeld, Apple Computer, Inc., 1 Infinite Loop, Cupertino, CA

95014-2084, 408-974-2618.

viii Communications Regulation Information

Industry Canada statement

This Class B device meets all requirements of the Canadian interference-causing equipment

regulations.

Cet appareil numérique de la Class B respecte toutes les exigences du Règlement sur le matériel

brouilleur du Canada.

VCCI Class 2 statement

Laser information

WARNING

Making adjustments or performing procedures other than those specified in your

equipment’s manual may result in hazardous radiation exposure.

WARNING

Do not attempt to disassemble the cabinet containing the laser. The laser beam used in

this product is harmful to the eyes. The use of optical instruments, such as magnifying lenses,

with this product increases the potential hazard to your eyes. For your safety, have this

equipment serviced only by an Apple-authorized service provider.

If you have an internal Apple CD-ROM drive in your computer, your computer is a Class 1

laser product. The Class 1 label, located in a user-accessible area, indicates that the drive meets

minimum safety requirements. A service warning label is located in a service-accessible area.

The labels on your product may differ slightly from the ones shown here.

Class 1 label Service warning label

Communications Regulation Information

Congratulations on the purchase of your new Macintosh. Your computer is

designed to give you the highest performance combined with real ease of use.

It’s also easy to set up and easy to expand. This book guides you through the

setup procedure, tells you how to expand your Macintosh, and provides many

tips on using your new system.

Your Macintosh computer is powered by the †™microprocessor (or

“chip”). This microprocessor was designed by Apple Computer, Inc.,

Motorola, Inc., and IBM Corporation. The †microprocessor uses

Reduced Instruction Set Computing (RISC) technology to deliver very high

performance at the lowest possible cost. The †RISC microprocessor

represents the state of the art in microprocessor design.

Your new Macintosh will run almost all of your existing Macintosh software,

but for best performance and greatest speed, look for the new software

programs designed especially for computers that contain the †

microprocessor. You’ll find †microprocessor–compatible programs

(also called “native” applications) at any software store that carries products

for the Macintosh computer.

Welcome to Power Macintosh

Apple EarlierPowerMac 0309721APM6500UM User Manual Power Macintosh6500Series User’s

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