Avaya Canada NT800FRM 800 MHz CDMA Flexible Radio Module for Base Stations User Manual Corp Sig 9p6 blk

Avaya Canada Corporation 800 MHz CDMA Flexible Radio Module for Base Stations Corp Sig 9p6 blk

Exhibit 5 User Documentation

This document contains Proprietary Information of Northern Telecom Limited. This information is considered to beCONFIDENTIAL and should be treated appropriately.EXHIBIT 5User DocumentationApplicant: Northern Telecom Ltd.For Type Acceptance/Certification on:AB6NT800FRM
CDMAMetro CellFunctional Description ManualNBSS7.1 Prototype 01.04 November 1998411-2133-110PROTOTYPE
CDMAMetro CellFunctional Description ManualProduct release: NBSS7.1Document release: Prototype 01.04Date: November 1998Document Number: 411-2133-110Copyright Country of printing Confidentiality Legal statements Trademarks 1998 Northern TelecomPrinted in the United States of AmericaNORTHERN TELECOM CONFIDENTIAL: The information contained in this document is the property of Northern Telecom. Except as specifically authorized in writing by Northern Telecom, the holder of this document shall keep the information contained herein confidential and shall protect same in whole or in part from disclosure and dissemination to third parties and use same for evaluation, operation, and maintenance purposes only.Information is subject to change without notice. Metro Cell, DMS-MTX, and MAP are trademarks of Northern Telecom.
iv411-2133-110 Prototype 01.04 November 1998Publication HistoryJune 199801.01 Draft release.
vCDMA Metro Cell Functional Description Manual NBSS7.1ContentsRelated documents xiIntroduction to Metro Cell 1Metro Cell product objectives 1Key features 1Physical layout of outdoor Metro Cell 6Physical layout of Indoor Metro Cell 8Digital equipment architecture 12Environmental control 14Thermal design 14Indoor digital rack (DR) of the Metro Cell 17Outdoor radio enclosure (RE) physical architecture 19Module interrelationships 22Subsystem description 25Outdoor Metro Cell power systems 25DEI physical layout 25Backhaul interface 26Surge protection 26AC power entry and distribution 26DC power and distribution 27Power, protection and grounding architecture 28Backup batteries and sensors 28Indoor Metro Cell power systems 30AC power Input 30DC power input 33DC power distribution (FRMs) 33Indoor and outdoor Metro Cell distribution module 35Battery management 39Power distribution 40Grounding 42Battery backup 42CEM principle functions 43CEM Interconnect board (IB) 47CEM dc voltages 47Timing and frequency systems 47Global positioning system timing module (GPSTM) 47Antennas 50Gps antennas 50
vi Contents411-2133-110 Prototype 01.04 November 1998Control Module (CM) 50CDMA traffic systems 51CORE 51Flexible RF modules (FRM) 55Transmit / Receive Module (TRM) 59Duplexer/LNA Preselector/LNA Module (DPM) - 1900 MHz 60Duplexer/LNA module - 800 MHz 621900 FRM Triplexer Module (FRMTM) 63Electro-optical Module (EOM) 64Power amplifier (PAM) 65Fan / alarm controller board 65Basestation communication network (BCN) distribution 67DE / RF module signalling 70Signal flow 70Forward link baseband signal flow 70Field Replaceable Units (FRU) 71Outdoor Metro Cell 72Software 77Specifications 79Glossary 81
Contents viiCDMA Metro Cell Functional Description Manual NBSS7.1FiguresFigure 1 Metro Cell modular overview 3Figure 2 System interconnect 4Figure 3 System interconnect layout 5Figure 4 Outdoor Metro Cell digital enclosure 7Figure 5 Outdoor Metro Cell Physical Layout 8Figure 6 Indoor Metro Cell Packaging 9Figure 7 Indoor EOM to CORE optical link cable routing DR/RR collocated 10Figure 8 FRM optical link cable routing 11Figure 9 EOM to CORE fiber cable assembly 12Figure 10 Digital shelf (bottom) graphic 13Figure 11 Outdoor Metro Cell layout of thermal control system components 16Figure 12 Digital rack 17Figure 13 Indoor cabinet airflow 18Figure 14 Radio enclosure 21Figure 15 Module relationships 23Figure 16 Layout of components in DEI 25Figure 17 AC circuit breaker panel box in the DEI 27Figure 18 Power protection and grounding block diagram 29Figure 19 Metro Cell power and grounding interconnections 30Figure 20 Indoor AC power architecture 31Figure 21 AC system bulkhead 32Figure 22 Indoor ac Metro Cell packaging 33Figure 23 Indoor dc power architecture 34Figure 24 Indoor system dc bulkhead 35Figure 25 Power shelf (graphic) 36Figure 26 Rectifier shelf - cover closed 37Figure 27 Open rectifier shelf 38Figure 28 Breaker sticker 39Figure 29 Power distribution block diagram 41Figure 30 Battery storage frame 42Figure 31 Digital equipment shelf (top) graphic 44Figure 32 CEM shelf 45Figure 33 CEM diagram 46Figure 34 Timing distribution 49Figure 35 Global positioning system timing module (GPSTM) 50Figure 36 NTGS30AA CORE module and CORE module with open faceplate 53Figure 37 CORE block diagram 54Figure 38 Flexible RF module 56Figure 39 Layout of FRM connectors 57Figure 40 Flexible radio module (FRM) block diagram 59Figure 41 Transmit / receive module internal layout 60Figure 42 General DPM drawing - 1900 MHz 61Figure 43 General 800 DPM drawing 63Figure 44 Electro-optical module 64Figure 45 Power amplifier module - internal layout 66
viii Contents411-2133-110 Prototype 01.04 November 1998Figure 46 Basestation communication network (BCN) distribution 69Figure 47 DE/RF module signalling 70TablesTable 1 FRM indicator assignments 67Table 2 Outdoor Metro Cell FRU list 72Table 3 Indoor Metro Cell FRU list 73Table 4 FRM Metro Cell FRU list 74
ixCDMA Metro Cell Functional Description Manual NBSS7.1About this documentThis document describes in detail the architecture and basic operation of the Multi Carrier Base Station Transceiver Subsystem (Metro Cell). It is organized as follows:• Introduction to Metro Cell—CDMA concepts are described in general terms, and multicarrier concepts are introduced.• Metro Cell high-level overview—the physical layout of the Metro Cell is described here, beginning with cabinets (DE and FRM) then individual shelves. This section also includes a complete listing of FRUs and their PECs.Subsystem description—This section describes the Metro Cell in terms of the functional relationships of its subsystems; it gives you a framework for understanding what the Metro Cell does, and relates the physical components of the Metro Cell to what they do as part of the overall product.FRU-level descriptions are provided, and significance of indicators and configurable hardware options are described.The following subsystems are covered:• Power, protection and grounding (batteries, rectifiers);• Environmental control systems (heating, cooling);• Timing and frequency systems (GPSTM);• Backhaul (CM—T1/E1, BCN);• CDMA Traffic systems (CEMs, CORE);• RF system (FRM: TRM, HPA, DPM, EOM, fans);• Hardware alarm reporting systems (AIM in DE, AIM—or alternate design implementation—in FRM cabinet);• Signal distribution and optical interface (CORE, EOM)• Signal path architecture.• Specifications—information such as height, weight, power, compliance, and capacity.1
x 411-2133-110 Prototype 01.04 November 1998• List of terms—a listing of acronyms, abbreviations, and pertinent terminology with definitions and descriptions for each.1
xiCDMA Metro Cell Functional Description Manual NBSS7.1Related documentsBSM User’s Guide, NTP-411-2133-103BSM Configuration Management User’s Guide 411-2133-104CDMA NBSS Software History and Delta for Planners Manual,411-2133-199Fault Management and Recovery Guide, 411-2133-545Metro Cell Maintenance and Troubleshooting Guide, 411-2133-550NBSS Alarm Reference Manual, 411-2133-530
xii 411-2133-110 Prototype 01.04 November 1998
1CDMA Metro Cell Functional Description Manual NBSS7.11Introduction to Metro CellThe Metro Cell is NORTELs second generationWireless CDMA Multi-Carrier Base Transceiver Station product. This family of products is designed to cover outdoor and indoor deployment opportunities at both 800 and 1900 MHz.Metro Cell product objectives• to offer a product which can address multi-carrier deployments while offering reduced entry cost for a single frequency system.• to provide a system which offers a simple and well defined upgrade path for both the existing product and future generations.• to offer a product which has the flexibility to be used within numerous different applications with little or no additional development.• to reduce BTS maintenance, operating and installation costs• offer superior system performance.Key featuresThe Metro Cell incorporates the following key features:• outdoor operation.• indoor operation.• AC operation or DC operation• digital system supports up to 4 RF carriers from one platform.• capable of operating cellular (800MHz) and PCS (1900 MHz) band.• remotable RF equipment with a digital interconnect link via optical • EMC containment at a module level.• reduced interconnect (“skinny”) backplane to simplify interconnect and product packaging evolution.• overlays with current CDMA products.• optional redundancy is available.• extensive re-use of software from existing CDMA BTS.1
2 Introduction to Metro Cell411-2133-110 Prototype 01.04 November 1998• the Metro Cell design is modular in nature to allow for simple, cost effective expansion from single to multi-carrier operation.• complete digital system up to electrical IF stage.• channelizer in RF equipment - performs transceiver level DSP and channelization of the CDMA forward and reverse links.• fiber optic interface for I & Q baseband routing.• environmentally hardened IF - RF TX and RX modules.• HPA is an ultra-linear amplifier which meets strict emission requirements of IS95.• digital equipment-to-radio equipment separation of up to 200 m. or approximately 650 ft. using optical fiber.A diagram of the modular overview of a Metro Cell is shown in Figure 1.1
Introduction to Metro Cell 3CDMA Metro Cell Functional Description Manual NBSS7.1Figure 1Metro Cell modular overviewFigure 2 is a block diagram showing how the Metro Cell interfaces to the BSC and MTX.Legend6 CORE 17 CORE 26 CORE 17 CORE 22CableHrns.1CableHrns.2Splice Tray Interconnect1234TrayFRMFRMFRMFRMT1/E1T1/E1Alarm Alarm Battery Interface ModuleI,L FRMC,F FRMH,K FRMB,E FRMA,D FRMG,J FRMBackup Batteries, T1/E1 InterconnectDC ProtectorGenerator Access DoorAC Power Dist. PanelFiber Splice Mgmt.AC ProtectorConvenience OutletBMU PortsAlarm & T1/E1 InterconnectDC ProtectorBackup BatteriesDigital Enclosure Interface Outer Heat ExchangerInner Heat ExchangerRectifier (Extension)Rectifier (Primary)CEMGPSTM, CM, CORECooling Unit7654321123456789Rect: Rectifier ModulesDC Power Distribution PanelCtlr: Controller Module12345678910 11 12CEM: Channel ElementModules12345678Power/Alarm InterconnectCM: Control ModulesGPSTM: GPS Timing ModulesCORE: COnfiguration REsource ModulesT1 Interconnect3 CEM4, 5 RectDigital Enclosure2 GPSTM, CM, COREIGHEFCDABSector Channel NumberFRMSite Location InformationRemarksAC Power SystemDC Power SystemDigital ModulesEnvironmental ControlCable InterfaceRF ComponentsShelf/Group/ClusterSlot/Field Replaceable UnitRadio EnclosureMCBTSTRM: TRanceiver ModuleDPM: Duplexer Preselector ModulePAM: Power Amplifier ModuleFAM: Fan and Alarm IndicatorModuleEOM: Electro-Optic ModuleFRM: Flexible Radio ModuleFRM can only sustain 5 minutes of operationwithout a functioning FAMXDM PortEOMEOMEOMEOMFRMIFRMEFRMF*For sectors configuration, see below.FRMGFRMAFRMBFRMHFRMCFRMDMETRO CELL**** can be with or without preselectoralternatively Triplexer for the 1900 or a Combiner for the 800.
4 Introduction to Metro Cell411-2133-110 Prototype 01.04 November 1998Figure 2System interconnectFRMCEM CEMCORE Module 1CORE Module 2GPSModuleGPSModuleBTSCBTSIRouter(BCN DISCO Functionality)T1/E1 uPControl ModuleBSMModemGPSRTiming andFrequencyUnitDISCO CDSUCDSUCDSUSelectorCards1 - 12SBSShelfSCIsSBSControllerCardBSCSLMDMS COREComputingModuleHLRVLRDMS BusLPP LPPor FLISIOC ENET MTMOAUDigitalTrunk ControllerT-1sUnCT-1MTXCDMA Metro Cell System Interconnect DiagramUnCT-1CDMA Metro CellCCS7 Linkto other MTA9s)MapT-1 VoiceTrunksPSTNRedundantI/F I/F24 CE 24 CE
Introduction to Metro Cell 5CDMA Metro Cell Functional Description Manual NBSS7.1Figure 3 shows the high level relationship between the Metro Cell and Mobile Switching Center (MSC).Figure 3System interconnect layoutDigital Enclosure(DE) Optional batteryDigital EnclosureInterface (DEI)DMS - MTSMSCBSCT1T1EnclosureUp to200 metersseparationRadio Enclosure (RE)MAP BSM
6 Introduction to Metro Cell411-2133-110 Prototype 01.04 November 1998Physical layout of outdoor Metro CellThe Metro Cell 1900 Outdoor consists of two main cabinets (DE/RE) and exploits modular design concepts. Five types of modules are defined: Flexible Radio Modules (FRM), Channel Element Modules (CEM), Control Modules (CM), COnfiguration REsource modules (CORE), and Global Positioning System Timing Modules (GPSTM).The CEM, CM, CORE, and GPSTM are housed together in a digital frame. The RF equipment is packaged in a separate, environmentally hardened cabinet, and may be located remotely from the digital cabinet. This cabinet accommodates up to nine FRM modules, each of which supports the RF air interface for a single CDMA sector. FRM module frequency assignments are defined on a per module basis, so a fully populated FRM cabinet could support three carriers/three sectors or some other combination up to nine sectors. Accommodating a fourth carrier in a three-carrier/three sector Metro Cell requires a second FRM enclosure with up to three modules.The Digital Enclosure cabinet for the outdoor version is shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5.
Introduction to Metro Cell 7CDMA Metro Cell Functional Description Manual NBSS7.1Figure 4Outdoor Metro Cell digital enclosureDEIFiber spliceboxOptional batteriesshort duration Equipment shelves
8 Introduction to Metro Cell411-2133-110 Prototype 01.04 November 1998Figure 5Outdoor Metro Cell Physical LayoutPhysical layout of Indoor Metro CellThe CEM, CM, CORE, and GPSTM modules are housed together in a digital rack. The Digital Rack (DR) houses the AC rectifiers or DC breaker panel for the required power supply system. The DR can also accommodate 3 FRMs; thus resulting in a fully equipped 3-sectored, 1 carrier Metro Cell in one rack.The overall physical layout is shown in Figure 6.Optional BatteryCabinetsRadioEnclosure (RE)Digital Enclosure (DE)DE Interface(DEI)
Introduction to Metro Cell 9CDMA Metro Cell Functional Description Manual NBSS7.1Figure 6Indoor Metro Cell PackagingEach FRM is connected to the digital rack via a four-fiber optical cable carrying digital Tx and Rx baseband data and control signalling. At the digital rack, these cables are terminated directly on the CORE modules (not at the bulkhead).Connectorized fiber-optic patch cables are provided to support configurations in which the digital and radio racks are located side-by-side or up to 650 feet apart. For applications where the radio rack is located farther away from the digital rack, cable splicing is required. The connectorized patch cables can be spliced to FRM cables of length 20 meters or 200 meters. A splicing tray can be mounted either on a wall or in the digital rack. The maximum cable run length is 200 meters.Each FRM shelf is configured with an integral fiber management bracket designed to route and store excessive cable slack within each FRM shelf.Radio RackDigital RackA/C InterfaceDC power systemDE shelfDigital shelfCooling UnitFRMsFRMs
10 Introduction to Metro Cell411-2133-110 Prototype 01.04 November 1998Cables are routed from the Radio Rack (RR) to the Digital Rack (DR) via a fiber cable routing tube and / or channel located at the bottom of the DR bay.The optical link scenario is illustrated in Figure 7, Figure 8 and Figure 9.Figure 7Indoor EOM to CORE optical link cable routing DR/RR collocatedFRMFRMFRMFRMFRMFRMFRMFRMFRMEOMEOMFRMFRMFRMEOMCORE A CORE BDigital Rack Radio RackFibre cable bay transitiontube / channelOne Fiber Cable Assy type required for eachinstalled FRM. A maximum of 12 cablesrequired for full capacityFiber ManagementBracket (1 per FRM)
Introduction to Metro Cell 11CDMA Metro Cell Functional Description Manual NBSS7.1Figure 8FRM optical link cable routing
12 Introduction to Metro Cell411-2133-110 Prototype 01.04 November 1998Figure 9EOM to CORE fiber cable assemblyThe RR accommodates up to nine FRM modules, each of which supports the RF air interface for a single CDMA sector. FRM module frequency assignments are defined on a per module basis, so a fully populated RR could support an additional three carriers/three sectors or some other combination up to nine sectors. Thus, a two cabinets indoor Metro Cell support 4 carriers/3 sector configuration. Six-sector configuration can be supported through the 2 racks.Digital equipment architectureThe Digital Enclosure (DE/DEI) system consists of a Digital Enclosure Interface (DEI), digital shelf, fan tray, heater, heat exchangers, and a power shelf in an outdoor enclosure. The digital shelf is one large shelf sectioned off in two areas, the top shelf and the bottom shelf. There is a shared back plane that covers the top portion of the bottom shelf and the bottom portion of the top shelf. The CEM, CM, CORE and GPS modules are housed together in a digital shelf. A graphical drawing of a digital shelf is shown in Figure 10.
Introduction to Metro Cell 13CDMA Metro Cell Functional Description Manual NBSS7.1Figure 10Digital shelf (bottom) graphicThe top shelf contains the Channel Element Modules.The Digital Equipment shelf houses the following modules:• Channel Element Modules (CEM)The following is a list of features provided by the channel cards (up to two in the CEM) and the module as a whole.• face plate LEDs indicate the status of the module.• diagnostic port to aid in software debugging and local downloads.• parity checking of forward and reverse paths, to detect faulty ASICs or paths.• disabling of faulty channel card, ASICs or paths.• capture of reset failures.• low voltage detection/reset on channel cards.• channel card originated reset to the other Channel Card.• low speed Inter-Integrated Circuit (IIC) bus.• fault monitoring of IIC bus.• fault monitoring of the other channel card in the module if present.— fault monitoring of registers ability to write.A horizontal partition allows for inserting up to 12 CEMs on the top side and the CORE, Control and GPS modules on the bottom side.12345678Power Alarm InterconnectCORE: COnfigurationREsource ModulesCM: Control ModulesGPSTM: GPS Timing ModulesT1 Interconnect
14 Introduction to Metro Cell411-2133-110 Prototype 01.04 November 1998All modules plug in to a common backplane DC power is supplied via the backplane.Cable interconnect (optical fiber) is through the CORE front module faceplates.Environmental controlThermal designOutdoor cabinetThe MetroDE is intended for use in unprotected outside environments and, as such, must be able to withstand a wide range of temperature and humidity conditions. The enclosure includes a control system to manage and reduce the environmental extremes seen by the electronics.The primary components of the thermal control system are:• The Enhanced Controller Module within the Helios System 3500/48 power shelf• The internal cooling unit (lower fan tray)• The 120 Vac tubular heater assembly• The heat exchanger• The internal and external heat exchanger fan traysThe Enhanced Controller Module is interfaced to all of the other thermal control system equipment and, along with its primary duties within the power system, executes an environmental monitoring and control algorithm. It reads temperatures from two separate redundant temperature sensors, humidity from a relative humidity sensor, and fan failure signals from each of the separate fans. From this information and the values of various factory adjustable thermal parameters, the ECM operates the fans and heater in order to minimize temperature and humidity fluctuations within the cabinet.The internal cooling unit sits at the very bottom of the DE cabinet and forces air up through the equipment stack to ensure that generated heat is carried away from the equipment. This tray consists of four fans that are constantly running at full speed. Since they are not controlled in any way, the only interface to the thermal control system is a single alarm wire that indicates whether any of the four fans has stopped rotating. The cooling unit also houses the humidity sensor, and the cooling unit power/fault status LEDs.The AC heater assembly is directly above the cooling tray and provides heat to the enclosure for cold start and cold weather operation. It is under the direct control of the ECM and includes two failsafes: an overtemperature cutout to ensure that the heater cannot be enabled above 50 degrees Celsius,
Introduction to Metro Cell 15CDMA Metro Cell Functional Description Manual NBSS7.1and a wiring arrangement that ensures that the heater cannot be enabled if there is no power to the cooling tray fans.The heat exchanger is located at the very top of the cabinet behind the external loop fan tray and allows heat from internal air to be transferred to external ambient air while keeping dust, salt and moisture outside of the cabinet.The heat flow through the heat exchanger is controlled by the internal and external loop heat exchanger fan trays. The internal fan tray consists of two fans that force cabinet air past the inside surfaces of the heat exchanger, and the external fan tray consists of three fans that force external ambient air past the external surfaces. Each fan is separately controlled by the ECM. By enabling a variable number of these fans, the air flow, and hence the heat flow, through the exchanger core can be manipulated to regulate the temperature within the cabinet.In addition to the two fans, the internal heat exchanger fan tray also contains the power switching electronics for the fans, the undertemperature fan cutouts, and the fan power/fault status LEDs.The relative humidity within the cabinet is indirectly controlled by altering the cabinet temperature setpoint. If the humidity gets too high, the internal temperature is raised to the point where the humidity drops to acceptable levels, subject to a preset maximum.A physical layout of the thermal system components is shown in Figure 11.
16 Introduction to Metro Cell411-2133-110 Prototype 01.04 November 1998Figure 11Outdoor Metro Cell layout of thermal control system componentsExternal loop heat exchanger fan tray Heat exchanger(behind)Internal loop heat exchangerfan trayDigital enclosure(door open)Helios powershelf 1ECMHeater AssemblyInternal Cooling Tray
Introduction to Metro Cell 17CDMA Metro Cell Functional Description Manual NBSS7.1Indoor digital rack (DR) of the Metro CellThe Power Supply System can be ac or dc. In the ac version, the top two shelves are equipped with ac to dc rectifiers. The shelf also contains breaker panel for the dc distribution to the various modules and supply feed to the batteries for recharging. Up to 3 FRMs are housed in the DR.Figure 12 shows an equipped DR.Figure 12Digital rackIndoor cabinet thermal managementThermal management in the Digital Rack is provided by a single cooling unit with 5 fans below the DE shelf providing bottom up cooling for the Digital Shelf, and Rectifier Shelves. Thermal management for the FRMs in the DR is done at the FRM module.
18 Introduction to Metro Cell411-2133-110 Prototype 01.04 November 1998As all thermal control for FRMs is done at the FRM module level, the Radio Rack itself has no thermal requirements other than the sufficient air flow through the FRM by providing a minimum 6 inches from the rear wall.Air flow in the Radio Rack is driven by the FRM fans. FRM fans push air over the FRM heatsink and out the rear of the rack.The air flow through each FRM is ducted to prevent recirculation of hot air inside the RR. The Digital Rack is sealed off in the back to prevent hot air from the FRM to recirculate into the digital equipment. The fan tray contains an anti-back flow flap which stops hot air recirculation.Figure 13Indoor cabinet airflow
Introduction to Metro Cell 19CDMA Metro Cell Functional Description Manual NBSS7.1Outdoor radio enclosure (RE) physical architectureThe Radio Enclosure provides ventilation, solar and vandalism protection and structural mounting support for the FRMs. All environmental isolation is done at the Flexible Radio Module (FRM) level.Optional hardware includes IMF filters and combiners for 800 MHz FRMs and triplexers for 1900 MHz. FRMs.Each FRM consists of five field replaceable units (FRUs). They are the TRansceiver Module (TRM), Power Amplifier Module (PAM), Electro-Optic Module (EOM), Duplexer Preselector Module (DPM), and Fan and Alarm Indicator Module (FAM).Additionally all external alarm interfacing and surge protection is done in the RE.Up to 9 FRMs are housed in the RE. The FRMs consist of five Field Replaceable Units (FRUs)• Electro-Optics Module (EOM)— the EOM is located at the FRM side of the High Speed Serial interconnect.— contains two optical transceivers for redundancy— the light source is LED at approximately 1350 nm. No laser eye protection is required.• Transmit Receive Module (TRM)— performs modulation and de-modulation via “channelizer” ASICs.— performs clock recovery and synthenization.— performs Digital to Analog and Analog to Digital conversion.— performs up and down frequency conversion.— performs power control and power detection.— allows for limited system overlay ability.— external alarm routing.• Power Amplifier Module (PAM)— provides RF Power Amplification— interface for DC power from the Digital Enclosure— provides DC Distribution to other FRM modules.• Duplexer (DPM) with or without preselector— two DPMs with or without preselector.
20 Introduction to Metro Cell411-2133-110 Prototype 01.04 November 1998— provides RF signal filtering.— provides threshold extension / receive signal amplification.— provides Interface to TRM and from PAM.• Fan and Alarm Module (FAM)— provides vectored constant velocity airflow for ambient PAM cooling.— provides fault indications for all five FRUs.The RE is shown in Figure 14.
Introduction to Metro Cell 21CDMA Metro Cell Functional Description Manual NBSS7.1Figure 14Radio enclosure(Three Carriers / Sector)f3f2f1f2f1f2f1 Sector AlphaSector BetaSector GammaRFRF (expansion path)Data powerFiberPower
22 Introduction to Metro Cell411-2133-110 Prototype 01.04 November 1998Module interrelationshipsFigure 15 shows the relationship between the different modules making up the Metro Cell. This depicts a three carrier configuration. Up to 12 CEMs can be provisioned. Each CEM may have 24 or 48 channel elements.The CORE module provides the interface between the CEM and the FRMs. Essentially, the CORE is responsible for the switching, routing, addition and multiplexing of baseband data signals between the CEMs and the FRMs.The GPS module is the source of timing and frequency reference. The GPS directly provides the reference signals to the CORE and CM.
Introduction to Metro Cell 23CDMA Metro Cell Functional Description Manual NBSS7.1Figure 15Module relationshipsI/FCEM InterfaceCORE MODULEFreq &timingreferenceSignal Distribution& ConsolidationRFMOpticalInterfaceCOREControllerMultiplexer24ASICsCEMI/F24ASICsCEM6 BCN1 BCN24 BCN32 BCNGPSTMModuleBTSCRouter(BCN DISCO Functionality)T1/E1 microprocessor Control ModuleBTSIRF PowerDetectorPADuplexerPreselectorLNALNAUPConvDownConvTxChann-elizerRxChann-elizerDC Power Supplyu ControllerOptical I/FFrequencyRef. RecoveryFRM α f 3FRM α f 2FRM α f 1RF PowerDetectorPADuplexerPreselectorLNALNAUPConvDownConvTxChann-elizerRxChann-elizerDC Power Supplyu ControllerOptical I/FFrequencyRef. RecoveryFRM β f 3FRM β f 2FRM β f 1RF PowerDetectorPADuplexerPreselectorLNALNAUPConvDownConvTxChann-elizerRxChann-elizerDC Power Supplyu ControllerOptical I/FFrequencyRef. RecoveryFRM γ f 3FRM γ f 2FRM γ f 1
24 Introduction to Metro Cell411-2133-110 Prototype 01.04 November 1998
25CDMA Metro Cell Functional Description Manual NBSS7.12Subsystem descriptionOutdoor Metro Cell power systemsDEI physical layoutThe location of the major components in the DEI is shown in Figure 16. Many of the PP&G cables from the DE and Helios 3500/48 terminate in the DEI. The connections to the Helios shelf pass through the access hole in the back of the DEI. Figure 16Layout of components in DEICable entry and exitBIMcompartmentfor battery string #1-48 VdcconnectsDCprotectorsbatteryreturnreferenceplateGPS protectorbehindoptical fiberconnect boxfiber cablesaccessholeDEaccablesac power distributionac breakers generatorinletT1 prot. T1 prot. I/O prot.outlet ac prot.2
26 Subsystem description411-2133-110 Prototype 01.04 November 1998The following external interfaces and terminations are provided in the DEI:• Utility 208/240 Vac power entry: 4-wire cable to ac panel (L1, L2, N & PE).• AC generator: recessed 4-pin power receptacle, with access door.• AC power to cabinet heaters: ac cables to DE and EBC.• DC outputs to FRMs: Qty 9, 2-wire plus shield terminals, two-hole crimp lugs.• T1 backhaul lines: Qty 6, screw-down terminals at protection modules.• GPS Antenna: Qty 2, N-type coax connector on protection unit.• DC power bus: -48V power cables to the EBC batteries.• Battery monitor (BIM): RS485 serial link from EBC (if used).• External inputs/outputs: Qty 12, alarm/control lines at protection module (if needed).• Ground (to MetroRE): two-hole lug termination on BRR plate.Backhaul interfaceThe Metro Cell terminates up to 6 T1/E1 ports and is software programmable in order to select between the T1 or E1 protocols. It supports B8ZS, AMI line coding for T1. HDB3 line coding for E1, SF and ESF framing is supported. The Metro Cell can be daisy chained to other BTSs up to a total of 3 BTSs in the chain. Each BTS must be assigned at least 4 contiguous DSOs over the backhaul link. The total T1/E1 connections supported by a Metro Cell is 6 which includes connections coming into the Metro Cell through two cables at the DEI. These cables can have any number of T1s/fractional maximum of 3 T1s/fractional T1s going out to the other BTS. Surge protectionAll external electrical interfaces are protected against surges and transients from lightening strikes. This includes all interfaces in the DEI and the power and RF connections at the FRMs. AC power entry and distributionThe ac power system has the following components:• service entrance for permanent connection to the utility ac power source.• facility for connecting an external ac generator for emergency backup use, with a positive interlock to prevent both utility and generator being connected at the same time.• indicator display to show that ac power is available and from which source.2
Subsystem description 27CDMA Metro Cell Functional Description Manual NBSS7.1• overcurrent protection (circuit breakers) and lightning surge arrestors at the ac power entry.• circuit breakers in various sizes to service and protect the internal ac load circuits.• the Metro Cell ac loads include the following: ac-dc rectifiers• cabinet heaters• 120Vac, 15 Amp duplex convenience outlet.A power panel is shown in Figure 17.Figure 17AC circuit breaker panel box in the DEIDC power and distributionThe Metro Cell dc Power System comprises the following functions:• AC-DC power conversion via parallel rectifier units.• charge/discharge management for the backup batteries.• DC power distribution for the DC loads (internal and external).
28 Subsystem description411-2133-110 Prototype 01.04 November 1998• overcurrent protection for DC load circuits (breakers).• filtering of power interfaces against EMI and transients.• monitoring and alarms for the power system.Power, protection and grounding architectureThe Metro Cell is powered by a combined ac and -48 Vdc power system. Figure 18 shows a simplified block diagram of the major items comprising the outdoor Metro Cell power, protection and grounding architecture. The principal ac power, dc power and grounding interfaces are also identified. AC power is provided either through the utility connection or by an external generator. DC power is derived from the ac by rectifiers and stored in battery strings. Circuit breakers provide over current protection and fault isolation for both ac and dc circuits. The ac powers the cabinet heaters. The dc powers the environmental control units for the system. DC to dc converters provide electronic loads with isolated and regulated dc power at the required voltages. Signal and power cables are protected against transients and surges at every external interface. All cabinets, circuit modules and cable shields are properly grounded for safety. Power system operation is monitored and controlled internally and external alarms are set in the event of specified faults or failure events.Batteries are located in the DEI or in a separate, expansion cabinet, depending on the configuration chosen. Each battery location is designed to facilitate the safe installation, inspection, or removal of the batteries in a minimum amount of time by one person. The terminals of each battery incorporate a protective cover to prevent accidental contact by maintenance personnel.The battery enclosures have louvers to vent any gasses produced by the batteries to the outside air, such that buildup of a flammable or explosive hydrogen gas mixture cannot occur. Battery gasses are not able to enter the main system enclosure. Backup batteries and sensorsThe backup batteries used in the Metro Cell are sealed lead-acid, 12 Vdc (nominal) batteries intended for long life, maintenance free, stationary, UPS type applications. Four series batteries comprise one -48Vdc string. Additional parallel strings in an optional external battery cabinet may be added for extended backup time .Under normal operating conditions, the batteries are float charged to 100% capacity at a constant voltage by the ac-dc rectifiers. The ECC (Enhanced Controller Card) located in the rectifier shelf, controls the float voltage, monitors battery charging a discharging, monitors the individual battery string temperature and adjusts the load voltage so that the batteries can be fully charged without danger of excessive gassing. Thermistor temperature
Subsystem description 29CDMA Metro Cell Functional Description Manual NBSS7.1sensing on the terminals of each battery string is provided to interface with the ECC.The ECC also monitors the midpoint voltage of each battery string to determine if the batteries in that string are charging equally and whether any battery cells are weak. The ECC also maintains a record of recent charging/discharging events which can be accessed by the serial data link as a battery health report to assess the health of each battery string and project their remaining capacity and life.Figure 18Power protection and grounding block diagramThe Digital Enclosure Interface (DEI) on one side of the main cabinet is used for all external interfaces.The dc power subsystem includes the new Helios Mini 48 power system. These include rectifier modules, battery management and alarm functions and a dc distribution/breaker panel in one small shelf. A second rectifier shelf is provisionable for adding extra power capacity.With these components, the power system architecture is modular and quite flexible and can be adapted to multiple carriers and a wide range of electronic module (FRM and CEM) configurations.dc - dcconvertersac entryandprotectionmaingroundplateAC breakersac - dcrectifierscabinetheatersotherac loadsbatterystringsECC &alarmsdc powerexit andprotectionDC breakersCESmodulesCEMCEMHeat exchangerand fansotherdc loadsdc - dcconverterdc - dcconverterFRMFRMdc - dcconverterdc - dcconverterPEMPEMBreakersac lineac generatorearthcabinet framecablesstatus and alarmsdigital enclosure groundsnote : shaded blocks are the power, protection and grounding items-48VdcBRR
30 Subsystem description411-2133-110 Prototype 01.04 November 1998Figure 19Metro Cell power and grounding interconnectionsIndoor Metro Cell power systemsThe Indoor Metro Cell power system is similar to the outdoor version. There are three options for powering the Indoor Metro Cell. These options are:• AC Mains Operation• -48Vdc Operation• +24Vdc OperationAC power InputIn the AC input version, the Metro Cell will operate in similar fashion as described above for the outdoor Metro Cell. AC breakering for the input must be provided by the customer.The external AC power enters the Metro Cell through the bulkhead at the top of the digital rack. The AC power is provided by 240Vac, 3 conductor (L1, L2 and ground) power feeds. Figure 20 shows the AC power architecture.AC lineFRMFRMFRMDC cablesT1/E1 comm.groundDigital Enclosure Interfaceand short term batteriesRadioEnclosureDC power distributionRectifiersRectifiersECCECCCEMCEMCEMCORE, CM and GPS
Subsystem description 31CDMA Metro Cell Functional Description Manual NBSS7.1Figure 20Indoor AC power architectureFigure 21 shows the AC System bulkhead.BulkheadAC inCustomer batteriesDigital Rack Radio RackFRMFRMFRMFRMFRMFRMFRMFRMFRMFRMFRMFRMAC DCBatteryBreakersOpt. Rectifierbreakers/fusesbreakers/fusesDigital ShelfFan TrayRectifier
32 Subsystem description411-2133-110 Prototype 01.04 November 1998Figure 21AC system bulkheadFigure 22 shows the A/C Indoor Metro Cell Packaging; indicating the AC System bulkhead and the rectifier shelves. It is to be noted that a maximum of 2 rectifier shelves can be provided; with a total of 16 rectifiers.T1/E1(RJ48Hamphenol)A/C Input(208/240 Vac,L1, L2, Gnd)BatterySwitches(100 AMPBreaker)D/C Outputto FRM’sGPSAntenna(N Conn.)A/C Outputto Rectifiers
Subsystem description 33CDMA Metro Cell Functional Description Manual NBSS7.1Figure 22Indoor ac Metro Cell packagingThe AC to DC rectifiers are located in the rectifier shelf at the top of the DR. The rectifier shelf is a Helios 3500AC Power Shelf. Each shelf can accommodate 8 rectifiers, in a N+1 configuration. The rectifier shelf also contains an ECM and breakers as described above in the outdoor configuration.DC power inputThe Metro Cell is powered by -48Vdc input supplied by the customer. The DC feed enters at the bulkhead in the DR. The DC breaker panel provides the DC distribution to the digital shelf, fans and the FRMs. The FRMs in the RR are fed through the bulkhead as supplied by the breakers in the DC breaker panel.DC power distribution (FRMs)The indoor Metro Cell provides for the -48Vdc supply required by the FRMs. The DR bulkhead has 12 Vdc FRM power outputs connection. Up to six
34 Subsystem description411-2133-110 Prototype 01.04 November 1998breakers are provided in the dc breaker panel. Each breakered FRM power output is split into two FRM power feeds in the DR bulkhead.Power is supplied to the digital shelf backplane via four separate feeds. The -48 Vdc is kept separated on the digital shelf backplane and supplies the modules (CEM, CORE, CM and GPSTM) via hot pluggable connectors on the backplane.Figure 23 shows a block diagram of the Indoor Metro Cell dc power architecture.Figure 23Indoor dc power architectureThe indoor system dc bulkhead is shown in Figure 24.BulkheadDC inDigital Rack Radio RackFRMFRMFRMFRMFRMFRMFRMFRMFRMFRMFRMFRMDC DCDigital ShelfFan TrayECCbreaker/fusesDC BreakerPanel
Subsystem description 35CDMA Metro Cell Functional Description Manual NBSS7.1Figure 24Indoor system dc bulkheadIndoor and outdoor Metro Cell distribution moduleThe Mini-48 system has up to eight 500W rectifier plugs in modules in a single shelf, with their own control module. Each rectifier converts the AC power to filtered -48Vdc (nominal) dc power for the Metro Cell battery and loads. These modules optionally operate in an N+1 redundancy mode to supply continuous loads up to 3500 watts. The rectifier modules perform the following functions :• convert ac power into the nominal -48Vdc voltage level for the Metro Cell.• provide the necessary charging and float voltage requirements for the batteries.• prevent EMI emissions on both the ac and dc side.• provide parallel operation with current sharing.• provide N+1 optional operation and hot plug/replace capability.• provide front panel operation status indicators.• are fully connectorized for quick service via unit replacement in the field.The rectifier shelf also houses the the Enhanced Controller Module (ECM). The ECM implements the dc power system and monitoring functions. It also performs the following functions:• controls the current sharing among the rectifier modules.• monitors rectifier performance and report it to the Metro Cell CM on demand.• generates minor and major alarms for dc power system failures.
36 Subsystem description411-2133-110 Prototype 01.04 November 1998A graphic of a rectifier shelf is shown in Figure 25, a photograph of a closed rectifier shelf is shown in Figure 26 and a photograph of an open rectifier shelf is shown in Figure 27.Figure 25Power shelf (graphic)1234 56789Ctlr: Controller ModuleDC Power Distribution PRect: Rectifier Modules
Subsystem description 37CDMA Metro Cell Functional Description Manual NBSS7.1Figure 26Rectifier shelf - cover closedAn open rectifier shelf is shown in Figure 27.
38 Subsystem description411-2133-110 Prototype 01.04 November 1998Figure 27Open rectifier shelfRectifiers Breakers ECM
Subsystem description 39CDMA Metro Cell Functional Description Manual NBSS7.1The breaker sticker on the rectifier shelf is shown in Figure 28.Figure 28Breaker stickerBattery managementThe enhanced controller module (ECM) provides the control and monitoring functions for the dc power subsystem. One of its principal responsibilities is to manage the charging and discharging of the backup batteries. When ac power is restored, following an outage, any excess current available from the rectifiers is applied to recharge the batteries. These are charged up to a controlled float voltage, and once recharged are maintained at that level. The float voltage is adjusted for battery temperature.The ECM also incorporates the following features for managing the batteries:• temperature compensation of the float voltage for the selected battery type.• Low Voltage Disconnect (LVD) to shut off the loads when the batteries are discharged below 42 Vdc. This protects the batteries from deep discharge and permanent damage.• Over Voltage Protection (OVP): rectifier output voltage does not exceed the battery manufacturer’s recommendation for continuous float charging (around 56V) to prevent excessive battery gassing which could shorten the battery life and represent a safety hazard.• Over Temperature Shutdown: shutdown the rectifiers at high battery temperature conditions, with automatic restart upon falling below this temperature. Shut down temperature is selectable to comply with the battery specifications.
40 Subsystem description411-2133-110 Prototype 01.04 November 1998• Battery Health Monitor: monitor the battery strings and provide charging history, performance data, life data, etc. Report health status and any weak/shorted cells via a serial data link to the Controller Module.Power distributionThis Mini-48 function includes the circuit breakers and terminations to distribute the -48Vdc power to the batteries and the dc loads. The circuit breakers used for dc distribution are magnetic-operation, UL listed types and incorporate provisions for each dc breaker to report the presence of a tripped condition to the controller. Power wiring in each circuit is of sufficient gauge to conduct the rated current of the circuit breaker for that circuit with minimal voltage drop within or between the BTS cabinets.Disconnect facilities are provided to disconnect (in conjunction with the Enhanced Controller Module) the batteries and the rectifiers from the loads under the following conditions:• dc voltage falls below 42.0 volts.• all dc system loads are supplied from the nominal -48 Vdc battery rail. This provides no break dc power to the following loads:• the RF and digital equipment.• the GPS receive.• the FRMs (external to the electronics cabinet, whether remote or local).• the battery monitoring card (Enhanced Controller Module) subsystem.• the environmental control fans.
Subsystem description 41CDMA Metro Cell Functional Description Manual NBSS7.1Figure 29Power distribution block diagramNT6C34EA-61Helios MiniSystem 3500/48NT5C22DASystem ShelfNT5C22DASystem Shelf(Optional)NT5C15AA250 W Rect.Conv. CoolFan ShelfNT5C15BB500 W Rect.Conv. CoolNT5C15BC500 W Rect.Forced CoolNT5C15AA250 W RectConv. CoolFront DoorsNT6C34DEDistributione/w LVDNT6C34DFDistributione/w BLVDNT6C34CAStandard ControllerNT7C25AAEnhanced GenericNT7C25PCSlave EnhancedNT7C25XXEnhancedMCBTS
42 Subsystem description411-2133-110 Prototype 01.04 November 1998GroundingFor personnel safety and correct functioning of protection devices, proper grounding (both internal and external) of the Metro Cell system is essential. The main grounding plate in the interface module provides a central bonding point for all system grounds. This is connected to a good quality external site ground, and ties all the internal grounds and references together electrically. The ground plate also provides termination for external ac and RFM power cable grounds and coaxial cable shields. The cabinet frame and all conductive external surfaces are also grounded to the same plate.The secondary side (Logic Return) of all dc-dc converters in the modules shall be grounded to the module frame or chassis which, when installed, shall be bonded to the frame of the cabinet. In systems with multiple cabinets, each cabinet frame ground are connected separately to the main ground plate in the DEI by means of a copper cable.Battery backupA backup battery is used to maintain system power during ac power outages. The Metro Cell is optionally provisioned with one or more strings of 12Vdc (nominal) lead acid batteries to provide backup energy storage.A battery storage frame is shown in Figure 30.Figure 30Battery storage frame
Subsystem description 43CDMA Metro Cell Functional Description Manual NBSS7.1CEM principle functionsThe CEM resides in the Metro Cell Digital Shelf. The primary responsibility of the module is to process calls within the Metro Cell. To accomplish this function, it interfaces with the CORE module in order to receive digital samples and transmit baseband digital data. The CEM also interfaces with the CORE in order to send and receive traffic and control information. It also interfaces with the system to send and receive control information associated with call setup, tear down, and hand-off.Each Channel Element) on a Channel Card is configured via software to perform a variety of tasks, including:• traffic Channel.• pilot Channel.• sync Channel.• paging Channel.• access Channel.• OCNS (Orthogonal Channel Noise Simulator).• some combinations of overhead channels.The ‘Built In Testing’ (BIT) function is used to perform built-in tests on Channel Element Hardware, including:• channel card/Processor interface tests.• modulator section signature analysis tests.• DRAM integrity tests.• JTAG boundary scan.The CEM can contain one or two channel cards that are connected to an interconnect board. Each channel card in the CEM can function independently of the other card in the module. The module is capable of carrying up to 48 traffic and control channels. The actual number of channels and their composition is determined by software.In a module equipped with two channel cards, one channel card is capable of powering the interconnect board and operating on its own if the other fails. The redundancy in this type of configuration is viewed as a “loss of capacity” strategy. As a module, the two channel cards monitor each other over an Inter-Integrated Circuit (IIC) bus; and, in the event of failure on one of the channel cards, the other one assumes control of the Interconnect board and informs the system that it has done so.The module is built in an EMI shielded container which does not interact with the other CEMs in the shelf except through software. The Interconnect board inside the module interfaces to the CORE module via a 639 Mb/s serial link.
44 Subsystem description411-2133-110 Prototype 01.04 November 1998Module LEDs indicate the status of the module as a whole (refer to Metro Cell Maintenance and Troubleshooting Guide, 411-2133-550).The LEDs can indicate that the module is faulty or that one of the boards is still in working order and can carry on servicing users. Module software informs the system of the status of the internals of the module by monitoring status signal throughout the channel cards. The CEM contains 24 or 48 Channel Elements (CE) on one or two channel cards, CEM Interface circuitry, serial/parallel converters and a power supply. The CEM can be connected to two separate COREs as part of the optional redundancy strategy.There is a maximum of 4 X 48 CEMs per sector.A graphic of a Digital Equipment Shelf showing the CEMs is shown in Figure 31.Figure 31Digital equipment shelf (top) graphicPower and the Tx/Rx baseband are distributed on a simple shielded backplane.A fully populated CEM shelf is shown in Figure 32.1234567891011 12CEM: Channel ElementModules
Subsystem description 45CDMA Metro Cell Functional Description Manual NBSS7.1Figure 32CEM shelf
46 Subsystem description411-2133-110 Prototype 01.04 November 1998Figure 33CEM diagramForward andReverse pathBaseband modemsPowerModuleSummingFPGAI 960Processorand MemoryUSCBCN / FPDControl /Status IICLEDSReverse pathChain 1Chain 2I960busForward andReverse pathBaseband modemsPowerModuleSummingFPGAI 960Processorand MemoryUSCBCN / FPDControl /Status IICLEDSReverse pathChain 1Chain 2I960busReverse path BasebandMux /DemuxHigh SpeedLink to CORECORE InterfaceBCNIICCHANNEL CARDS INTERCONNECT BOARD
Subsystem description 47CDMA Metro Cell Functional Description Manual NBSS7.1CEM Interconnect board (IB)The CEM IB provides the interface between the two channel cards and the CEM and CORE Modules.On the Forward Path the IB sums the two Channel Cards CDMA forward link Baseband and multiplexes it with the reverse link BCN traffic from the Channel cards.On the Reverse Path the IB demultiplexes the 650 Mbps serial data from the CORE and splits it into CDMA forward link BCN data and CDMA reverse link baseband data.CEM dc voltagesEach Channel Card Module is powered from the -48 Vdc power rail accessible along the back of the CEM shelf. Each CEM has an internal Power Supply to convert this to the regulated supply voltage(s) needed by the channel cards and other circuitry. The channel cards require a +5 Vdc supply. Each CEM has two Channel Cards and Interface cards, for a total power of less than 100W at -48Vdc.Timing and frequency systemsGlobal positioning system timing module (GPSTM)The GPSTM is an oscillator which provides outputs of 8fc (9.8304 MHz), 1/2 Hz (even second), 10 MHz and serial data. The primary clock signals are distributed directly to the CM and CORE over the back plane. The CORE distributes the clock signals to the FRMs and CEMs over the high speed serial link.The GPSTM also supplies the system with the time of day obtained though a serial interface to the CM.An internal oscillator stabilizes / tracks to GPS system time. The receive frequency is 1575.42 MHz.The GPSTM is a GPS disciplined oscillator which provides outputs of even_second, 10 MHz, 9.8304 MHz and serial dataThe GPSTM also provides 10 MHz, 8fc and 1/2 Hz out for test equipment synchronization. Signals are available at the front of the card via a push on connector.A 24 hour holdover after a 24 hour training period is provided as well.The CORE and CM monitor the quality of the primary clock signals and report any deviations from normal operation.
48 Subsystem description411-2133-110 Prototype 01.04 November 1998Secondary clock sources PLLs in the CEMs and FRMs re-generate the clocks as required in these modules for local use. The PLLs are synchronized to the primary clocks distributed on the high speed serial links.The timing distribution is shown in Figure 34.
Subsystem description 49CDMA Metro Cell Functional Description Manual NBSS7.1Figure 34Timing distributionCMGPSTMCEM 1CEM nCOREFRM 1FRM nHigh SpeedSerial LinkHigh SpeedSerial LinkHigh SpeedSerial LinkHigh SpeedSerial LinkPrimaryClockSourcePrimaryClockssysclksysclkevensecevensec
50 Subsystem description411-2133-110 Prototype 01.04 November 1998AntennasGps antennasTwo type N connections are supplied in the DEI for the GPS antennas (one per GPS receiver). Provision is made for grounding the GPS antenna cable to the ground plate within the DEI.The GPS card is shown in Figure 35 with a control module (CM) card.Figure 35Global positioning system timing module (GPSTM)Control Module (CM)The Control module consists of the Base Transceiver Station Controller BTSC card and Base Transceiver Interface (BTSI) cards. The CM terminates 6 backhaul T1 links which provide drop and insert, and daisy chaining capability.The Controller Module (CM) provides BTS control, the backhaul interface, and the internal BCN network switching and routing.The CM controls the GPS Module using an asynchronous RS-422 serial port. One CM can control up to 2 GPS modules .The BTSI utilizes an embedded processor to control/monitor the T1/E1 ports, to emulate the CSU interface, and to perform card level maintenance and diagnostics. In addition the BTSI provides the BCN interface to both the BTSC and the CORE modules.
Subsystem description 51CDMA Metro Cell Functional Description Manual NBSS7.1Control Module BTSCThe BTSC is a new design based upon the Jumbo Universal Controller Card and provides control and maintenance in the Metro Cell.The CM BTSC conveys call processing and OA&M messages to the BTSI via a BCN link. It also receives and controls frequency reference and timing information (for the Metro Cell) from the GPS Module.Control Module BTSIThe BTSI terminates 6 T1 / E1 ports and terminates a BCN link transferring call processing and OAandM messaging to and from the BTSC card. It also terminates a BCN interface to the BTSI card in the redundant CM. This interface allows messaging and maintenance to be passed between the BSC and an inactive BTSC through the BTSI cards.The Control Module BTSI provides the packet interface to the BTSC in both the same and redundant CM Modules, the BTSI in the redundant, and the CEMs and FRMs via the COREs.Card level maintenance and diagnostics are performed.CDMA traffic systemsCORE The CORE Module provides the interface between the Control Module, Channel Element Modules and Flexable Radio modules receiving timing reference signals from the GPSTM . It accommodates six FRMs and performs baseband routing, BCN packet Mux and Demux functions, and timing reference distribution. Essentially, the CORE performs the routing, addition, and multiplexing of signals between the CEMs and FRMs.The CORE module can be flexibly programmed to support many different system configurations.The CORE consists of:• performs some of the funcitons of the Legacy Tranceiver Controller Card. • generates 52fc and 32fc clocking for the Metro Cell• distributes TDM link data to applicable Channel Card (CEM)• interface for all High Speed Serial Protocol Control (HSSPC) links.• performs CEM summing.• routing of CEM data to applicable frequency and sector.• routing of FRM frequency and sector data to CEM.• optical transceiver module is the physical entity of the CORE which handles the electrical to optical conversion and the optical communication with the FRMs.
52 Subsystem description411-2133-110 Prototype 01.04 November 1998• for each CORE Module there is one optical block which connects to 12 fibres that provide the multi-channel bi-directional data communication required to connect to 6 FRMs.• the optical block consists of a serial transceiver, optical receiver, and optical transmitter.A CORE module is shown in Figure 36.
Subsystem description 53CDMA Metro Cell Functional Description Manual NBSS7.1Figure 36NTGS30AA CORE module and CORE module with open faceplate
54 Subsystem description411-2133-110 Prototype 01.04 November 1998The block diagram of a CORE is shown in Figure 37.Figure 37CORE block diagramBCNfrom / toCMMUX /DEMUXTDM linkMUX /DEMUXBCNmicroprocessor Tx basebanddigital switchingand summingRx basebanddigital switchingGPSI/FOpticalI/FOpticalI/FFromGPS 0FromGPS 1Optical connections for up to 6 FRMsInterconnects for up to 12 CEMs1 BCN2 BCN / CEM6 BCN
Subsystem description 55CDMA Metro Cell Functional Description Manual NBSS7.1Required optics for operation and/or redundancy• 1 Carrier 3 sector = 6 fibers no redundancy - 12 fibers for redundancy• 2 Carrier 3 sector = 12 fibers no redundancy - 24 fibers for redundancy.• 3 Carrier 3 sector = 18 fibers no redundancy - no redundancy available with this configuration.BSC distribution consolodation (DISCO) port allocation• a 1-carrier Metro Cell requires 1 to 2 CIS ports, assuming 1 to 4 CEMs are provisioned.• a 2 - carrier Metro Cell requires 1 to 4 ports, assuming 2 to 8 CEMs are provisioned.• a 3 - carrier Metro Cell requires 2 to 6 ports, assuming 3 to 12 CEMs are provisioned.Note: Note: A 3 - carrier Metro Cell requires at least 2 CIS ports. This is due to the fact that at the present time both DCGs must be active to support 3 carriers, and each DCG has its own pool of T1s.Flexible RF modules (FRM)An FRM is shown in Figure 38.
56 Subsystem description411-2133-110 Prototype 01.04 November 1998Figure 38Flexible RF moduleHPATRM DPMEOM
Subsystem description 57CDMA Metro Cell Functional Description Manual NBSS7.1Figure 39Layout of FRM connectorsEach FRM can support one CDMA carrier on one sector. However, for compatibility with future multi carrier HPAs, the optical interface is designed for three carrier operation. With single carrier HPAs, multi-frequency operation is achieved using multiple FRMs.Multi-frequency operation necessitates multiple antennas per sector. Multi-faceted antennas or multiple single facet antennas are to provide this functionality. A duplexer/LNA module is required for each antenna. Two carriers in each sector can be supported on a diversity pair of antennas (a diversity pair per sector is the minimum antenna requirement for any CDMA system) in each sector.Within the receiver and upconverter many of the functions (E.G. filtering, Channelization, AGC) are performed digitally. Hence, the FRM interfaces to the digital enclosure are digital. The interface is implemented as a high speed serial digital optical link. The data transmitted over the optical link between the FRM and the CORE comprises Tx and Rx data , OAandM signalling, and frequency and timing reference signals.The micro-controller and associated control circuitry within the FRM performs configuration, fault monitoring and several real time functions (mainly concerned with Tx sector power control) for the RF electronics.TxIN TxINTxOUTTxOUTRx1OUT Rx0OUT AntTx/Rx1 AntRx 0Rx 1IN Rx 0SplitterOutputRx 0SplitterOutputRx0INHPAOutputHPAInputPower connectors not shownTransceiverModuleHigh PowerAmplifierModule (HPA)Optional IMFFilter Duplex Power MonitorModule
58 Subsystem description411-2133-110 Prototype 01.04 November 1998The frequency reference recovery circuit recovers a frequency reference received over the optical interface with sufficient accuracy and low phase noise to meet ANSI J-STD-008 and IS-95 specifications.An Flexible Radio Module (FRM) block diagram is shown in Figure 40.
Subsystem description 59CDMA Metro Cell Functional Description Manual NBSS7.1Figure 40Flexible radio module (FRM) block diagramDepending upon the configuration, the FRM can be made up of some of the following components:Transmit / Receive Module (TRM)— The TRM contains the Transmit/Receive circuitry as well as the microprocessor board and the attendant power supply. The TRM is designed as an environmentally hardened module that is cooled using forced convection. — The TRM consists of the following circuit packs :– Power supply module (PSM)DETHPAHIPD BoardPEM PCAN Bit48 - 26 VdcAIMAD6600IF SAW11 bit11 bitProcessor BoardPSM48 -> 3.3D, 5D, 5A-5D, 8A, 15Ax8/65/2DDS x16x11/8 x11/8IF LO UpconverterRF LOIF SAW12 bitAD9762EOMPrimaryRedundantFIRFIRFIR FIRFIRXXX15 @ 32fc16 @ 32fc32 fcRFLO and Clock Recovery64 fcHSSPCASICAMCC2052AMCC3026AGCAGC8fcRx Channelizer ASICDigital Baseband TRM ReceivermaindiversityRF LODPMPAMTx Channelizer ASIC121 fc
60 Subsystem description411-2133-110 Prototype 01.04 November 1998– Transmit receive module (Transceiver board)– Microprocessor Board (mP)The internal layout of the TRM is shown in Figure 41.Figure 41Transmit / receive module internal layoutDuplexer/LNA Preselector/LNA Module (DPM) - 1900 MHzThe duplexer component of the module provides two functions:— The duplexer provides isolation between the transmit and receive frequency bands thus facilitating the use of one antenna per diversity branch per sector.— The duplexer provides filtering of the transmit and receive frequencies thus reducing interfering signals.The LNA component of the module provides a low noise amplification at the system front end thus reducing the overall effects of noise.
Subsystem description 61CDMA Metro Cell Functional Description Manual NBSS7.1The DPM operates within the FRM framework of the BTS system. The DPM is the last stage in the transmit section of the FRM preceding the antenna and lightning surge protectors; the FRMDPM is the first stage in the receive section of the FRM following the antenna and lightning surge protectors.In the single carrier per sector case, the FRMDPM must include a preselector/LNA that provides a conditioned antenna diversity signal to the receiver. Module 1 is comprised of the basic FRMDPM component with a preselector/LNA. In the multicarrier per sector case, the FRMDPM does not require the additional preselector/LNA to achieve antenna diversity. Module 2 is comprised of the basic FRMDPM component without a preselector/LNA.The 1.9 GHz PCS bandwidth, with respect to the FRMDPM operation, is subdivided into three bands, therefore three unique FRMDPM specifications are required. The FRMDPM specification #1 operates in the 1850 - 1870 MHz receive band and in the 1930 - 1950 MHz transmit band. The FRMDPM specification #2 operates in the 1870 - 1890 MHz receive band and in the 1950 - 1970 MHz transmit band. The FRMDPM specification #3 operates in the 1890 - 1910 MHz receive band and in the 1970 - 1990 MHz transmit band. There are three specification requirements for each module resulting in six different FRMDPM variations.Figure 42 shows a drawing of a 1900 MHz. DPM.Figure 42General DPM drawing - 1900 MHz
62 Subsystem description411-2133-110 Prototype 01.04 November 1998Duplexer/LNA module - 800 MHzThe duplexer component of the module provides two functions:— The duplexer provides isolation between the transmit and receive frequency bands thus facilitating the use of one antenna per diversity branch per sector.— The duplexer provides filtering of the transmit and receive frequencies thus reducing interfering signals.The LNA component of the module provides a low noise amplification at the system front end thus reducing the overall effects of noise.The 800 DPM operates within the SRFM framework of the 800 MHz CDMA base station. The 800 DPM is the last stage in the transmit section of the SRFM preceding the antenna and lightning surge protectors; the 800 DPM is the first stage in the receive section of the SRFM following the antenna and lightning surge protectors.In the single carrier per sector case, the 800 DPM must include a preselector/LNA that provides a conditioned antenna diversity signal to the receiver. Module 1 is comprised of the basic 800 DPM800 DPM component with a preselector/LNA. In the multicarrier per sector case, the 800 DPM does not require the additional preselector/LNA to achieve antenna diversity. Module 2 is comprised of the basic 800 DPM component without a preselector/LNA.The drawing in Figure 43 illustrates an 800 DPM.
Subsystem description 63CDMA Metro Cell Functional Description Manual NBSS7.1Figure 43General 800 DPM drawing1900 FRM Triplexer Module (FRMTM)The Triplexer component of the module provides three functions:— The Triplexer provides isolation among the transmit signals and receive signals thus facilitating the use of one antenna for multicarrier forward link and reverse link.— The Triplexer provides filtering of the transmit and receive signals thus reducing interfering signals.— The Triplexer provides splitting between two received signals.The LNA component of the module provides a low noise amplification at the system front end thus reducing the overall effects of noise.The FRMTM operates within the FRM framework of the BTS system. The FRMTM is the last stage in the transmit section of the FRM preceding the antenna and lightning surge protectors; the FRMTM is the first stage in the receive section of the FRM following the antenna and lightning surge protectors.The BTS system has both indoor and outdoor PCS base station using a CDMA scheme with multicarrier provisions. The base station is intended to operate in the 1830 - 1990 MHz region. The 1.9 GHz PCS bandwidth, with
64 Subsystem description411-2133-110 Prototype 01.04 November 1998respect to the FRMTM operation, is subdivided into three bands, therefore three unique FRMTM specifications are required. The FRMTM specification #1 operates in the 1850 - 1870 MHz receive band and in the 1930 - 1950 MHz transmit band. The FRMTM specification #2 operates in the 1870 - 1890 MHz receive band and in the 1950 - 1970 MHz transmit band. The FRMTM specification #3 operates in the 1890 - 1910 MHz receive band and in the 1970 - 1990 MHz transmit band. There are two module design requirements for each specification resulting in six different FRMTM variations.Electro-optical Module (EOM)— The optical fiber will terminate at the FRM electrically. The optical to electrical conversion is performed in the electro-optical module attached to the end of the fiber optic cable.— The EOM contains the circuitry and optical transceivers required to convert the optical signal from the digital enclosure into an electrical signalA diagram of an EOM is shown in Figure 44.Figure 44Electro-optical module
Subsystem description 65CDMA Metro Cell Functional Description Manual NBSS7.1Power amplifier (PAM)— The PAM contains the main heat dissipating components of the FRM. It is designed as an environmentally hardened module that is cooled using forced convection.— The PAM consists of the following components :– power entry module (PEM)– single channel power amplifier (SCPA)– power converter assembly (PCA)–the summary fault alarm from the PCA is a non-latching signal referenced to +26V_RTN that indicates that the PCA is operating normally and none of the protection features have been triggered.– HPA interface and power detector board (HIPD) which:–measures the RMS power of the transmitted CDMA signal.–communicates the measurement to the TRM processor via the inter-integrated circuit (IIC) bus.–controls the enable / disable state of the HPA.–converts the status signals, HPA anxiety, HPA alarm, HPA fwdpwr, HPA revpwr and HPA temp to digital information to be transferred to the TRM processor via the IIC bus.–interfaces with the PCA and reports the status of the alarm to the TRM processor via the IIC bus.–allows storage of data within an IIC addressable EEPROM which is used for manufacturing information and calibration data for the power detector.–drives and powers the FAM.Fan / alarm controller boardA diagram of the internal layout of the PAM is shown in Figure 45.
66 Subsystem description411-2133-110 Prototype 01.04 November 1998Figure 45Power amplifier module - internal layout• Fan tray assembly • Plenum assembly• Alarm indicatorA group of 9 alarm indicators are located on an easily visible surface in front of each FRM as part of the FAM (Fan and Alarm Indicator Module). The indicators are consistent in size, shape and color with those on the modules within the DE. The indicator assignments are shown in Table 1:
Subsystem description 67CDMA Metro Cell Functional Description Manual NBSS7.1Fault managementFM software detects faults through diagnostic tests, reports the faults with sufficient information to replace or repair the faulty resource, and map fault reports into apposite alarms. This ensures high system availability through rapid fault detection, diagnosis, and recovery from faults.The functionalities supported by FM include:• fault Detection and Diagnosis: This includes,— fault Resolution: Diagnose the location of the faults with enough precision to correct to problem during operations.— fault Isolation: Diagnose the location of faults with enough precision to prevent the fault to damage the rest of the system;• summarization and Reporting: Report the faults that are detected. If possible summarize multiple reports into a single report.• redundancy: A secondary resource is reserved to take over from a failed primary resource.• reconfiguration: Automatically reconfigure to use backup/alternate resources when the operating resource fail.• recovery: Automatically attempt to recover resources that have failed.Basestation communication network (BCN) distributionThe internal BTS BCN network is an extension of the BSC BCN network.The BTS and BSC BCN networks are connected through a T1/E1 link (the backhaul link).Table 1FRM indicator assignmentsMODULE GREEN RECTANGLE RED TRIANGLE AMBER CIRCLE COMMENTPAM x x nTRM x x nEOM n n x indicates no optical carrier detectedDPM x x nFAM x x n
68 Subsystem description411-2133-110 Prototype 01.04 November 1998The BTSI in the CM passes the T1/E1 link in the internal BCN format. In the forward direction it routes the BCN packets from the BSC to the appropriate internal BCN entity over a dedicated link. In the reverse direction it routes and consolidates the 32 TDM links onto the T1/E1 backhaul links.The CORE distributes the 32 TDM BCN links from the CM to the FRMs, CEMs, and the CORE processor. Each TDM BCN link has a bandwidth of 1.2288 Mbps.Each CEM gets two BCN links, each FRM gets one. One goes to the CORE processor and one is a test link.The BCN network carries traffic packets to/from the CEMs and OA&M traffic to/from all BCN entities.The block diagram in Figure 46 shows the BCN distribution.
Subsystem description 69CDMA Metro Cell Functional Description Manual NBSS7.1Figure 46Basestation communication network (BCN) distributionCMBTSC BTSI6 T1/E1 LinksCORETest BCNProc.De-muxMuxFRMCEMCEM32 TDM links over the back planeBCN multiplexed ontothe high speed seriallinks2 BCNlinkseach
70 Subsystem description411-2133-110 Prototype 01.04 November 1998DE / RF module signallingFigure 47DE/RF module signallingSignal flowForward link baseband signal flowOn the forward path the IB sums the two Channel Cards CDMA forward link Baseband and multiplexes it with the reverse link BCN traffic from the Channel cards.Reverse link baseband signal flowOn the reverse path the IB demultiplexes the 650 Mbps serial data from the CORE and splits it into CDMA forward link BCN data and CDMA reverse link baseband data.Digital EnclosureCEM 1CEM 2CEM 3CEM 4CEM 5CEM 6CEM 7CEM 8CEM 9CEM10CEM11CEM12CORE MODULE 1Timing andFrequency Reference BCNGPS 1BTS CommunicationsNetworkTiming andFrequency ReferenceControl Module 1Sampled Tx and Rx + OA&M Signalling + Base Band VoiceSampled Tx and Rx + OA&M SignallingT1 / E1RF ModulesOptical DataOpt I/FOpt I/FOpt I/FDSPDSPDSPRF ProcRF ProcRF ProcDup/LNADup/LNADup/LNA
71CDMA Metro Cell Functional Description Manual NBSS7.13Field Replaceable Units (FRU)The following section lists the Field Replaceable Units (FRU) for the Outdoor and Indoor Metro Cells and the FRMs. A description of the procedures to replace the FRUs is found in NTP 411-2133-550 (Metro Cell Maintenance and Troubleshooting Guide).3
72 Field Replaceable Units (FRU)411-2133-110 Prototype 01.04 November 1998Outdoor Metro CellTable 2Outdoor Metro Cell FRU listPEC DescriptionNTGS15AA Heat exchanger internal fan unitNTGS16AA Heat exchanger external fan unitNTGS17AA Heater AssemblyNTGS18AA Cooling unit assemblyNT7C25BA Enhanced controller module (ECM)NT5C15BC Mini-48 rectifier modulesNT7C25PC Slave controller cardNTGS95AA Battery string kitNTGS30AA Configuration resource module (CORE)NTGS40AA Control module (CM)NTGS60AA Channel element module (CEM-24)NTGS60BA Channel element module (CEM-48)NTGS50AA GPS moduleNTGS53AA FRM duplexer DPM, band A&DNTGS53AA FRM duplexer DPM, band B&ENTGS53AA FRM duplexer DPM, band C&FNTGS53AA FRM duplexer & preselector DPM, band A&DNTGS53AA FRM duplexer & preselector DPM, band B&ENTGS53AA FRM duplexer & preselector DPM, band C&FNTGS54AA FRM EOM - local RENTGS54BA FRM EOM - remote RE - shortNTGS54CA FRM EOM - remote RE - longNTGS54ZA FRM EOM assembly - local RENTGS54YA FRM EOM assembly - remote RE - short-sheet 1 of 2-
Field Replaceable Units (FRU) 73CDMA Metro Cell Functional Description Manual NBSS7.1NTGS54XA FRM EOM assembly - remote RE - longNTGS55AA FRM alarm indicator moduleNTGS56AA FRM fan tray assemblyNTGS57AA FRM power amplifier module (PAM)NTGS58AA FRM transmit / receive moduleNTGS7061 Lightning protectorNTGS7069 FRM termination loadTable 3Indoor Metro Cell FRU listPEC DescriptionNTGS18AB Cooling unit assemblyP0874870 Cooling unit filterNT7C25BA Enhanced controller module (ECM)NTGS18AB Cooling unit assemblyP0874870 Cooling unit filterNT5C15BC Mini-48 rectifier modulesNT7C25PC Slave controller cardNTGS30AA Configuration resource module (CORE)NTGS40AA Control module (CM)NTGS60AA Channel element module (CEM-24)NTGS60BA Channel element module (CEM-48)NTGS50AA GPS moduleNTGS53AA FRM duplexer DPM, band A&D-sheet 1 of 2-Table 2Outdoor Metro Cell FRU list (continued)PEC Description-sheet 2 of 2-
74 Field Replaceable Units (FRU)411-2133-110 Prototype 01.04 November 1998NTGS53BA FRM duplexer DPM, band B&ENTGS53CA FRM duplexer DPM, band C&FNTGS53DA FRM duplexer & preselector DPM, band A&DNTGS53EA FRM duplexer & preselector DPM, band B&ENTGS53FA FRM duplexer & preselector DPM, band C&FNTGS54AA FRM EOM local RENTGS54BA FRM EOM remote RE - shortNTGS54CA FRM EOM remote RE - longNTGS54ZA FRM EOM assembly - local RENTGS54YA FRM EOM assembly - remote RE - shortNTGS54XA FRM EOM assembly - remote RE - longNTGS55AA FRM alarm indicator moduleNTGS56AA FRM fan tray assemblyNTGS57AA FRM power amplifier module (PAM)NTGS58AA FRM transmit / receive moduleTable 4FRM Metro Cell FRU listPEC DescriptionNTGS89BA FRM duplexer DPMNTGS89BB FRM duplexer & preselector DPMNTGS54BA FRM EOM- remote RE- shortNTGS54CA FRM EOM- remote RE- longNTGS54ZA FRM EOM - assembly - local RE-sheet 1 of 2-Table 3Indoor Metro Cell FRU list (continued)PEC Description-sheet 2 of 2-
Field Replaceable Units (FRU) 75CDMA Metro Cell Functional Description Manual NBSS7.1NTGS54YA FRM EOM - assembly - remote RE - shortNTGS54XA FRM EOM - assembly - remote RE - longNTGS55AA FRM alarm indicator moduleNTGS56AA FRM fan tray assemblyNTGS5650 FRM plenum assemblyNTGS82AA FRM power amplifier module (PAM)NTGS85AA 800 MHz FRM transmit / receive moduleTable 4FRM Metro Cell FRU list (continued)PEC Description (continued)-sheet 2 of 2-
76 Field Replaceable Units (FRU)411-2133-110 Prototype 01.04 November 1998
77CDMA Metro Cell Functional Description Manual NBSS7.14SoftwarePlaceholder for Metro Cell software section.4
78 Software411-2133-110 Prototype 01.04 November 19984
79CDMA Metro Cell Functional Description Manual NBSS7.15SpecificationsTo be finalized.5
80 Specifications411-2133-110 Prototype 01.04 November 1998
81CDMA Metro Cell Functional Description Manual NBSS7.16GlossaryACN Applications Communication NetworkAGC Automatic Gain ControlAM Accounting ManagementASIC Application Specific Integrated CircuitATM-UL Asynchronous Transfer Mode - Ultra LiteBAN Base Station Auxiliary NetworkBCN Basestation Communication NetworkBIT Built-In TestBIU Backhaul Interface UnitBMU Basestation Management UnitBNC Bayonet Navy ConnectorBPM Metro Cell Power Management6
82 Glossary411-2133-110 Prototype 01.04 November 1998BSC Base Station ControllerBSM Base Station ManagerBTSC Basestation Transceiver Subsystem ControllerBTSI Basestation Transceiver Subsystem InterfaceCA Corrective ActionCAM Call ManagerCC Channel CardCDMA Code Division Multiple AccessCIS CDMA Interconnect SubsystemCLI Command Line InterfaceCM Control ModuleCM Configuration ManagementCMI Call Manager InterfaceCMS Channel card Module ShelfCORE COnfiguration REsourceCPLD CMOS Programmable Logic Device6
Glossary 83CDMA Metro Cell Functional Description Manual NBSS7.1CPU Central Processing UnitCRC Cyclic Redundancy CheckCRM Call Resource ManagerCSU/DSU Customer Service Unit/Data Service UnitDDLM Dual Duplexer/LNA ModuleDDS Direct Digital SynthesizerDE Digital EnclosureDEI Digital Enclosure InterfaceDFM Design For ManufacturabilityDISCO DIstributor COmbinerDMS-MTX Digital Multiplex System - Mobile Telephone ExchangeDPM Duplexer / LNA Preselector / LNA ModuleDRAM Dynamic RAMDSP Digital Signal ProcessorDTC Data / Digital Trunk ControllerECC Enhanced Controller Card
84 Glossary411-2133-110 Prototype 01.04 November 1998ECL Emitter Coupled LogicEMC Electro Magnetic CompatibilityEMI Electro Magnetic InterferenceEOM Electro Optical ModuleEPROM Erasable Programmable Read Only MemoryFA Frequency AssignmentFCC Federal Communication CommissionFER Frame Error RateFFA Fast Failure AnalysisFIR Finite Impulse ResponseFRU Field Replaceable UnitFM Fault ManagementFRM Flexible Receiver ModuleFRC Frequency Reference CardGPS Global Positioning SystemGPSR GPS Receiver
Glossary 85CDMA Metro Cell Functional Description Manual NBSS7.1GPSTM Global Position Satellite Timing ModuleGUI Graphical User InterfaceH/W HardwareHDLC High level Data Link ControlHPA High Power AmplifierI/F InterFaceIBN Isolated Bonding NetworkIF Intermediate FrequencyIIC Inter-Integrated CircuitIMC InterModule CommunicationLNA Low Noise AmplifierLO Local OscillatorLPP Link Peripheral ProcessorLTM Loopback Test MobileLVD Low Voltage DisconnectMDS Mini Digital Shelf
86 Glossary411-2133-110 Prototype 01.04 November 1998MMI Man Machine InterfaceMTBF Mean Time Between FailureMTX Mobile Telephone ExchangeMUX/DEMUX Multiplex demultiplexNc Navy ConnectorNM Network ManagementOAM Operations Administration and MaintenanceOCM Overhead Channel MessageOCNS Orthogonal Channel Noise SimulatorOEM Original Equipment ManufacturerOVP Over Voltage ProtectionPA Power AmplifierPAS Product Administration SystemPCA Power Converter AssemblyPCB Printed Circuit BoardPCM Pulse Code Modulation
Glossary 87CDMA Metro Cell Functional Description Manual NBSS7.1PCP Printed Circuit PackPCS Personal Communication SystemPEM Power Entry modulePLL Phase Lock LoopPLM Product Line ManagementPM Performance ManagementPR Prevent ReoccurrencePSU Power Supply DC/DC converterPUPS Point of Use Power SupplyQCELP Qualcomm Code Excited Linear PredictiveRAM Random Access MemoryRCA Root Cause AnalysisRCA Radio CAlibrationRF Radio FrequencyRLM Radio Link ManagerRMS Root Mean Square
88 Glossary411-2133-110 Prototype 01.04 November 1998SAC Site Alarm CardSAW Surface Acoustical WaveSBS Selector Bank SubsystemsSBSC SBS ControllerSCI Selector Card InterfaceSCPA Single Channel Power AmplifierSCPA Single Channel PASCR Single Channel ReceiverSCU Single Channel UpconverterSCU Sector control UnitSM Site ManagementSM Security ManagementSOM Service Option ManagerSRFM Single Channel RFMSW SoftwareTBD To Be Determined
Glossary 89CDMA Metro Cell Functional Description Manual NBSS7.1TDM Time Division MultiplexTFU Timing & Frequency UnitTM Test ManagementTNC Threaded Navy ConnectorTRM Transmit / Receive ModuleTST Three Sector TransceiveruP micro ProcessorUPS Uninterruptable Power SupplyVO Verification OfficeVRLA Valve Regulated Lead Acid XDM eXtended Diagnostic Monitor
90 Glossary411-2133-110 Prototype 01.04 November 1998
CDMAMetro CellFunctional Description ManualNortelDepartment 34314300 EmperorMorrisville, NC 27560Phone: (800) 684-2273/Fax: (919) 905-5854 / Fax: 684-3977Copyright  1998 Northern TelecomNORTHERN TELECOM CONFIDENTIAL: The information contained in this document is the property of Northern Telecom. Except as specifically authorized in writing by Northern Telecom, the holder of this document shall keep the information contained herein confidential and shall protect same in whole or in part from disclosure and dissemination to third parties and use same for evaluation, operation, and maintenance purposes only.Information is subject to change without notice. Metro Cell, DMS-MTX, and MAP are trademarks of Northern Telecom.Publication number: 411-2133-110Product release: NBSS7.1Document release: Prototype 01.04Date: November 1998Printed in the United States of America92

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