Avaya Canada S12000BTS Base Transceiver Station User Manual 411 9001 142 15102

Avaya Canada Corporation Base Transceiver Station 411 9001 142 15102

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S12000BTS User Manual

Exhibit 8 user manual

Wireless Service Provider SolutionsS12000 BTS Reference ManualPE/DCL/DD/0142 15.102/EN Standard May 2005411--9001--142

Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networks

Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networks

Publication HistoryNortel Networks Confidential iiiS12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksPUBLICATION HISTORYSystem release: GSM/BSS V15.1May 2005Issue 15.102/EN StandardRemoved information on BSC 6000 due to EOL.March 2005Issue 15.101/EN PreliminarySynchronized with V15.01 StandardUpdated for Review CommentsJanuary 2005Issue 15.100/EN DraftSection 1.6: configuration updatedFeature 25493: section 3.3.1.1 updated with information on EDGE implementationChapter 5: reference to document GSM/GPRS/EDGE BSS Engineering RulesupdatedSystem release: GSM/BSS V15.1RNovember 2004Issue 15.52/EN PreliminarySynchronized with V15.0 StandardAugust 2004Issue 15.51/EN PreliminaryUpdated with Review CommentsJuly 2004Issue 15.50/EN Draft

Publication History Nortel Networks ConfidentialivPE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksAdded the following statement to Section 2.1: Version 15.1R supports HePA 900with GSM BTS.Removed the following statements from the Applicability section: V15.0 featuresare not supported on the BSC2G. BSC2G functionality is kept on BSCs running the14.3 software load.System release: GSM/BSS V15.0October 2004Issue 15.09/EN StandardHePA updatesSeptember 2004Issue 15.08/EN StandardJuly 2004Issue 15.07/EN PreliminaryUpdated Chapter 2 with power consumption information.Removed customer names from August history 2003.Issue 15.06/EN PreliminaryUpdated for Helmsman release.Issue 15.05/EN PreliminaryAdded Feature 25621 to Chapter 2May 2004Issue 15.04/EN PreliminaryUpdated according to the following feature:24961: S12000 dual band 850/1900 E1March 2004Issue 15.03/EN PreliminaryUpdated the power amplifier board description.

Publication HistoryNortel Networks Confidential vS12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksMarch 2004Issue 15.02/EN PreliminaryUp issued this manual for a preliminary releaseDecember 2003Issue 15.01/EN DraftV15.0 features are not supported on the BSC2G. (BSC2G functionality is kept onBSCs running the 14.3 software load).Update according to the following features:•23068•24119For Q00795093, update to Table 2--16, Chapter 2.Update About this document regarding V15 features not supported on BSC2G.November 2003Issue 14.05/EN StandardFor Q00767324, added --25793: S12000 ID/OD 2S888 H4DUpdate according to the following features:•24396: e--PA 1800 or S8000 and S12000•24397: e--PA 900 for S8000 and S12000•24381: e--PA 1900 for S8000 and S12000•24382: e--PA 850 for S8000 and S12000•24981: e--PA redesign 1900 for S8000 and S12000•24982: e--PA redesign 850 for S8000 and S12000August 2003Issue 14.04/EN PreliminaryThe following changes were made throughout the document:Update the dc power supply diagram of the S12000 outdoor BTSUpdate according to the following features:•24915: S12000 ind/out up to 2S666/D (1 or 2) + H2D (1 or 2) with HePA/PA•25043: S12000 ind/outd up to 3S666/D (1 or 2) + H2D (1 or 2) with PA•25044: S12000 ind/out up to 3S121212/H2D (1 or 2) + H4D (1 or 2) with PA

Publication History Nortel Networks ConfidentialviPE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networks•23849: S12000 1800/T1•24963: S12000 850/E1•24964: S12000 1900/E1•25248: S12K -- 900Mhz/T1•24399: eDRX 900 for S8000 and S12000April 2003Issue 14.03/EN PreliminaryThe following changes were made throughout the document:Update power supply description of the S12000 outdoor BTSUpdate GIPS descriptionAdd frequency band configuration in chapter 1January 2003Issue 14.02/EN PreliminaryThe following changes were made throughout the document:Modify the DCU descriptionModify the GIPS front faceDecember 2002Issue 14.01/EN PreliminaryThe following changes were made throughout the document:Upgrade according to the following feature:•PR1505: S8000/S12000 High Power PA (60W)•22472: S12000 configuration priority 2•SV1374: Network Level Identification of e--DRL and e--PA presenceAdd the GIPS module and the associated AC boxAdd the four--way hybrid duplexer (H4D 1900 Mhz) RF CombinerSystem release: GSM/BSS V13October 2002Issue 13.05/EN Standard

Publication HistoryNortel Networks Confidential viiS12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksUpdate according to the V13.2b task forceSeptember 2002Issue 13.04/EN PreliminaryUpdate after internal reviewAugust 2002Issue 13.03/EN PreliminaryUpdate after internal reviewThe following changes were made after internal review900 and 1800 Mhz features were removedall references to DRX were changed to e--DRXall references to PA were changed to e--PAall references to C--DCS and LNS--DCS were removedall references to single--phase and tri--phase AC boxes were removedThe following checks have been performed:battery threshold of the PCUfunctioning temperature of the rectifiersvalues of the PCU breaker (modified)values of the indoor compartment breaker (modified)nominal output voltage and output voltage range of the rectifier subrackJuly 2002Issue 13.02/EN DraftCreationMarch 2002Issue 13.01/EN DraftCreation

Table of contents Nortel Networks ConfidentialviiiPE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksAbout this document 0--1...............................................Applicability 0--1......................................................................Audience 0--1........................................................................Prerequisites 0--1....................................................................Related Documents 0--2...............................................................How this document is organized 0--3....................................................Vocabulary conventions 0--3...........................................................Regulatory information 0--3............................................................1 Cabinet description 1--1........................................1.1 Cabinet compartment layout 1--1..............................................1.1.1 S12000 Outdoor BTS 1--1..........................................1.1.2 S12000 Indoor BTS 1--5...........................................1.1.3 Additional equipment 1--8..........................................1.2 Power supply 1--16...........................................................1.2.1 S12000 Outdoor BTS 1--16..........................................1.2.2 S12000 Indoor BTS 1--30...........................................1.3 Climatic System 1--32........................................................1.3.1 S12000 Outdoor BTS 1--32..........................................1.3.2 S12000 Indoor BTS 1--33...........................................1.4 Plinth 1--34.................................................................1.5 Physical characteristics 1--35..................................................1.5.1 S12000 Outdoor BTS 1--35..........................................1.5.2 S12000 Indoor BTS 1--35...........................................1.6 Product names 1--36.........................................................2 Board description 2--1..........................................2.1 Power Amplifier (PA) 2--1....................................................2.1.1 Amplifier alarms 2--1...............................................2.1.2 Power supply 2--2.................................................2.1.3 Connectors 2--2...................................................2.2 RECAL board 2--8..........................................................2.2.1 Functional description 2--8..........................................2.2.2 Physical description 2--10...........................................2.2.3 List of connected internal alarms 2--21................................2.2.4 List of unprotected external alarms 2--27..............................

Table of contentsNortel Networks Confidential ixS12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networks2.3 ALPRO board 2--29..........................................................2.3.1 Principle 2--29.....................................................2.3.2 Description 2--29...................................................2.3.3 S12000 Outdoor BTS environmental conditions 2--29...................2.3.4 S12000 Indoor BTS environmental conditions 2--31.....................2.3.5 Connectors 2--31...................................................2.4 F--type converter 2--33.......................................................2.4.1 Principle 2--33.....................................................2.4.2 Description 2--33...................................................2.4.3 Front panel 2--34...................................................2.5 RF Combiner 2--36...........................................................2.5.1 Principle 2--36.....................................................2.5.2 RF Combiner front panels 2--42......................................2.6 Tx--Filter module 2--48........................................................2.6.1 VSWR--meter 2--48.................................................2.7 Compact BCF (CBCF) module 2--51............................................2.7.1 Functional description 2--51..........................................2.7.2 Physical description 2--52...........................................2.7.3 CPCMI Board 2--54.................................................2.7.4 CMCF board 2--66.................................................2.7.5 BCFICO board 2--76................................................2.7.6 CBCF Back Panel (CBP) 2--86.......................................2.8 DRX, e--DRX, or DRX--ND3 module 2--95.......................................2.8.1 DRX front panel 2--95...............................................2.8.2 e--DRX front panel 2--97.............................................2.9 RX--splitter 2--99.............................................................2.9.1 Principle 2--99.....................................................2.9.2 Consumption 2--99.................................................2.9.3 RX--splitter front panel 2--99.........................................2.10 Power system 2--104..........................................................2.10.1 Power system description 2--104......................................2.10.2 PCU description 2--104...............................................2.10.3 SRU description 2--109...............................................2.10.4 GIPS description 2--110..............................................3 Architecture 3--1...............................................3.1 Physical architecture 3--1....................................................3.1.1 Introduction 3--1..................................................

Table of contents Nortel Networks ConfidentialxPE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networks3.1.2 Subsystems 3--1..................................................3.1.3 Internal buses 3--1................................................3.2 CBCF functional architecture 3--5.............................................3.2.1 Switching, synchronization, and concentration 3--5.....................3.2.2 Control of the alarm management unit 3--11...........................3.2.3 PCM Interface 3--11................................................3.3 DRX functional architecture 3--13..............................................3.3.1 Types of DRX boards 3--13..........................................3.3.2 DRX digital part 3--13...............................................3.3.3 DRX radio part 3--31................................................3.3.4 DRX shutting down 3--34............................................3.3.5 Power supply board 3--34...........................................3.4 e--DRX functional architecture 3--35............................................3.4.1 Modifications between the DRX and e--DRX 3--35......................3.4.2 Main external connections 3--37......................................3.4.3 e--DRX functional description 3--38...................................4 Software descrIption 4--1.......................................4.1 BTS software presentation 4--1...............................................4.1.1 Downloadable files 4--1............................................4.1.2 PROM 4--1.......................................................4.2 BTS software functions 4--3..................................................4.2.1 DRX software functions 4--3.......................................4.2.2 CBCF software functions 4--7.......................................4.2.3 Maintenance 4--9..................................................4.2.4 TIL software functions 4--10.........................................5 Dimensioning rules 5--1........................................

List of figuresNortel Networks Confidential xiS12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksFigure 1--1 S12000 Outdoor BTS: Base cabinet layout 1--2............................Figure 1--2 S12000 Indoor BTS: Base cabinet layout 1--6..............................Figure 1--3 External battery cabinet of the S12000 Outdoor BTS (SBS 60 batteries) 1--9...Figure 1--4 External battery cabinet of the S12000 Outdoor BTS (SBS C11 batteries) 1--10.Figure 1--5 S12000 Indoor BTS: Cabinet top 1--12.....................................Figure 1--6 S12000 Outdoor BTS: PCM connection box 1--13...........................Figure 1--7 S12000 Outdoor BTS: --48 V connection box 1--14...........................Figure 1--8 External alarm connection box 1--15.......................................Figure 1--9 S12000 Outdoor BTS: dc power supply diagram 1--19........................Figure 1--10 Split single phase ac box 1--23............................................Figure 1--11 Side view of inside of split single--phase ac box 1--24.........................Figure 1--12 AC box/GIPS with US type user AC plug BTS 1--27..........................Figure 1--13 AC box/GIPS with E, F, UK type user AC plug 1--28..........................Figure 1--14 Side view of inside of AC box/GIPS 1--29...................................Figure 1--15 S12000 Indoor BTS: dc power supply diagram 1--31.........................Figure 2--1 S12000 BTS: Power Amplifier (type 1) 2--3................................Figure 2--2 S12000 BTS: Power Amplifier (type 2) 2--4................................Figure 2--3 S12000 BTS: High Power Amplifier (HePA) 2--5............................Figure 2--4 RECAL board functional diagram 2--9.....................................Figure 2--5 RECAL board 2--12......................................................Figure 2--6 ALPRO board 2--30......................................................Figure 2--7 F--type converter 2--35...................................................Figure 2--8 Duplexer--only (D) RF Combiner diagram 2--37..............................Figure 2--9 H2D RF Combiner diagram 2--38..........................................Figure 2--10 H4D RF Combiner diagram 2--39..........................................Figure 2--11 Duplexer--only (D) RF Combiner 2--43......................................Figure 2--12 Two--way hybrid duplexer (H2D) RF Combiner 2--44.........................Figure 2--13 Four--way hybrid duplexer (H4D 1800/900 Mhz) RF Combiner 2--45............Figure 2--14 Four--way hybrid duplexer (H4D 850/1900 MHz) RF Combiner 2--46...........Figure 2--15 Tx--Filter (Tx--F) module 2--49.............................................Figure 2--16 Tx--Filter (Tx--F) functional diagram 2--50...................................Figure 2--17 S12000 BTS: CBCF module 2--53.........................................Figure 2--18 CPCMI board functional diagram 2--56.....................................Figure 2--19 CPCMI board 2--58......................................................Figure 2--20 CPCMI board: hardware switches 2--60....................................

List of figures Nortel Networks ConfidentialxiiPE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksFigure 2--21 CMCF Phase2 board 2--70...............................................Figure 2--22 BCFICO board 2--77.....................................................Figure 2--23 CBP board 2--87........................................................Figure 2--24 DRX module 2--96.......................................................Figure 2--25 e--DRX module 2--98.....................................................Figure 2--26 RX--splitter diagram type 1x4 2--100........................................Figure 2--27 RX--splitter diagram type 2x2 2--101........................................Figure 2--28 RX--splitter type 1x4 2--102................................................Figure 2--29 Rx--splitter type 2x2 2--103................................................Figure 2--30 Power supply rack (seven--rectifier type) 2--108...............................Figure 2--31 GIPS 2--114.............................................................Figure 2--32 DCU module 2--115.......................................................Figure 2--33 ADU module 2--116.......................................................Figure 3--1 Subsystem architecture with CBCF 3--3...................................Figure 3--2 CMCF board synchronization (full configuration) 3--7........................Figure 3--3 Defense connectivity between the CMCF Phase2 boards (full configuration) 3--10Figure 3--4 DRX board: functional block diagram 3--15..................................Figure 3--5 AMNU functions 3--16....................................................Figure 3--6 DCU8 unit diagram 3--22.................................................Figure 3--7 SPU reception functions 3--24.............................................Figure 3--8 SPU transmission functions 3--24..........................................Figure 3--9 Power slaving diagram 3--30..............................................Figure 3--10 e--DRX board: functional block diagram 3--36...............................Figure 3--11 Logic unit (e--LDRX): functional architecture 3--40...........................Figure 3--12 Radio unit (e--RDRX): functional unit 3--47..................................Figure 4--1 Software functions (with CBCF) 4--4......................................Figure 4--2 COAM architecture on the CBCF 4--8.....................................

List of tablesNortel Networks Confidential xiiiS12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksTable 2--1 Voltage supply connector 2--6............................................Table 2--2 Data connector 2--7....................................................Table 2--3 LEDs on the front panel of the RECAL board 2--13...........................Table 2--4 RECAL board connectors 2--14...........................................Table 2--5 PCM pin connections 2--15...............................................Table 2--6 PCM--out pin connections 2--16...........................................Table 2--7 Internal pin connections 2--17.............................................Table 2--8 EXT. P pin connections 2--18.............................................Table 2--9 Ext. NP. pin connections 2--19............................................Table 2--10 PWR pin connections 2--19...............................................Table 2--11 P0 (Debug) pin connections 2--20.........................................Table 2--12 P1 (EPLD JTAG) port pin connections 2--20.................................Table 2--13 List of alarms and INT0 connector DALIs(S12000 Indoor BTS, base and extension cabinets) 2--23.....................Table 2--14 Example of alarm affectation in function of S12000 Indoor configuration 2--24...Table 2--15 List of alarms and INT0 connector DALIs(S12000 Outdoor BTS, base and extension cabinets) 2--26...................Table 2--16 Unprotected external alarms(S12000 Outdoor BTS, base and extension cabinets) 2--28...................Table 2--17 ALPRO 25--pin connections 2--31..........................................Table 2--18 ALPRO 10--pin connections 2--32..........................................Table 2--19 Output voltages and alarm signals connector 2--34...........................Table 2--20 Input voltages connector 2--34............................................Table 2--21 Content of RF Combiner modules 2--36....................................Table 2--22 Amplifier pin connections 2--40............................................Table 2--23 VSWR pin connections 2--47..............................................Table 2--24 CBCF module boards 2--51...............................................Table 2--25 Functions of CPCMI--E1 and CPCMI--T1 boards 2--55........................Table 2--26 LEDs on the front panel of the CPCMI board 2--57...........................Table 2--27 CPCMI board: S3 switch 2--60............................................Table 2--28 CPCMI board: S1 and S2 switches 2--61...................................Table 2--29 CPCMI board connectors 2--62............................................Table 2--30 Pin connections of the P11 connector 2--63.................................Table 2--31 Pin connections of the P13 connector (Power) 2--64.........................Table 2--32 Pin connections of the P10 connector (Debug) 2--64.........................Table 2--33 Pin connections of the P9 connector (JTAG) 2--65...........................Table 2--34 LEDs on the front panel of the CMCF Phase2 Board 2--69....................

List of tables Nortel Networks ConfidentialxivPE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksTable 2--35 CMCF Phase2 board connectors 2--71.....................................Table 2--36 Pin connections of the TEST connector 2--72...............................Table 2--37 Pin connections of the ETH connector 2--72.................................Table 2--38 Pin connections of the J3 (BDM) connector 2--73............................Table 2--39 Pin connections of the J4 (JTAG) Connector 2--73...........................Table 2--40 Pin connections of the P1 connector 2--74..................................Table 2--41 Pin connections of the P2 connector 2--74..................................Table 2--42 Pin connections of the P3 connector 2--75..................................Table 2--43 Pin connections of the P4 (Power) connector 2--75...........................Table 2--44 BCFICO board connectors 2--76..........................................Table 2--45 PCM0/1 pin connections 2--78............................................Table 2--46 PCM2/3 pin connections 2--79............................................Table 2--47 PCM4/5 pin connections 2--79............................................Table 2--48 ABIS pin connections 2--80...............................................Table 2--49 PWR pin connections 2--80...............................................Table 2--50 RS232 pin connections 2--81..............................................Table 2--51 J2 pin connections 2--81..................................................Table 2--52 J4 pin connections 2--82..................................................Table 2--53 J6 pin connections 2--82..................................................Table 2--54 J7 pin connections 2--83..................................................Table 2--55 TEI Resistor coding on the switch register 2--84.............................Table 2--56 TEI configuration 2--85...................................................Table 2--57 CMCF_A (Sign1A) pin connections 2--88...................................Table 2--58 CMCF_A (Sign1B) pin connections 2--89...................................Table 2--59 CMCF_A (Sign1C) pin connections 2--89...................................Table 2--60 CMCF_B (Sign2A) pin connections 2--90...................................Table 2--61 CMCF_B (Sign2B) pin connections 2--90...................................Table 2--62 CMCF_B (Sign2C) pin connections 2--91...................................Table 2--63 CPCMI_0 (Sign3) pin connections 2--91....................................Table 2--64 CPCMI_1 (Sign 4) pin connections 2--92...................................Table 2--65 CPCMI_2 (Sign 5) pin connections 2--92...................................Table 2--66 BCFICO (Sign6A) pin connections 2--93....................................Table 2--67 BCFICO (Sign6B) pin connections 2--93....................................Table 2--68 BCFICO (Sign6C) pin connections 2--94....................................Table 2--69 AL1, AL2, AL3, AL4, AL5, AL6 pin connections(Power voltage connectors) 2--94..........................................

List of tablesNortel Networks Confidential xvS12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksTable 2--70 Alarm connector 2--105...................................................Table 2--71 Monitoring connector 2--106...............................................Table 2--72 Alarm connector 2--111...................................................Table 3--1 BTS subsystems 3--2...................................................Table 4--1 CBCF software product names 4--1.......................................Table 4--2 S12000 BTS family : DRX software product names 4--2.....................

About this documentNortel Networks Confidential 0--1S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksABOUT THIS DOCUMENTThis document describes the S12000 Indoor and Outdoor Base Transceiver Stations(BTSs), which are components of the Base Station Subsystem (BSS).ApplicabilityThis document is part of the BSS Nortel Networks Technical Publications (NTPs).This document applies to the V15.1 BSS system release.The S12000 BTS supports the following frequencies:Single band GSM 850 T1/E1, 900 T1, 1800 T1 and 1900 T1/E1Dual band GSM 850/1900 T1/E1CAUTIONGSM--R does not apply to the S12000 BTS.AudienceThis document is for operations and maintenance personnel, and for other users whowant to know more about the BTSs.PrerequisitesIt is recommended that the readers also become familiar with the followingdocuments:< 01 > : BSS Overview< 07 > : BSS Operating Principles< 124 > : BSS Parameter Dictionary< 125 > : Observation Counter Dictionary< 128 > : OMC--R User Manual -- Volume 1 of 3: Object and Fault menus< 129 > : OMC--R User Manual -- Volume 2 of 3: Configuration, Performance,and Maintenance menus

About this document Nortel Networks Confidential0--2PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networks< 130 > : OMC--R User Manual -- Volume 3 of 3: Security, Administration,SMS--CB, and Help menus< 143 > : S12000 BTS Fault Numbers< 144 > : S12000 BTS Maintenance ManualDocument GSM/GPRS/EDGE BSS Engineering Rules (PE/DCL/DD/0138)Related DocumentsThe NTPs listed in the above paragraph are quoted in the document.

About this documentNortel Networks Confidential 0--3S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksHow this document is organizedChapter 1 describes the layout and contents of the BTS cabinets.Chapter 2 describes the functions of the BTS boards and modules, and also describestheir front panels.Chapter 3 examines BTS architecture and describes the physical structure, focusingon the functional architecture of the subsystems.Chapter 4 lists BTS software entities and shows how they are installed on thehardware units.Chapter 5 indicates that the dimensioning rules are now contained in GSM BSSEngineering Rules document.Vocabulary conventionsThe glossary is included in the NTP < 00 >.Regulatory informationRefer to the NTP < 01 >.

Cabinet descriptionNortel Networks Confidential 1--1S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networks1 CABINET DESCRIPTION1.1 Cabinet compartment layout1.1.1 S12000 Outdoor BTSThe base cabinet and the extension cabinet are divided into three parts:top compartmentleft sideright sideThe layout of the equipment in the base and extension cabinets is identical in thetop compartment and on the left side.The cabinet layout on the right side of the base and extension cabinets is different.In the base cabinet, the CBCF is located in the CBCF compartment. In the samecompartment of the extension cabinet, a filling plate replaces the CBCF.The top compartment opens by means of a cover on the top of the cabinet. The frontof the cabinet is perforated to allow air to circulate. The top compartment has twoelements: the optional battery box and the climatic system (DACS).User compartmentThis compartment is available for Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM). Formore information, refer to the documentation provided by the equipmentmanufacturer.The user interconnection compartment is optional. It is required only when a userkit or a --48 V connection box is used.PA interconnection compartmentThe PA interconnection compartment centralizes the --48 V dc power supply of thePower Amplifiers (PA).Amplifier compartmentThe amplifier compartment receives up to twelve Power Amplifiers (PA).RECAL compartmentThis compartment contains the RECAL board. The RECAL board is connected toone or two external alarm protection boards (ALPRO), located outside the cabinet.

Cabinet description Nortel Networks Confidential1--2PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksDRX--ICOADRX4RX splittersDRX--ICO BDRX4RX splittersUser rackCBCFPower systemPA--ICODACS BatteriesRECAL 2 F--type converters User interconnectionsFiller12 PAAC boxCOM--ICO8 RF--combinersFillerFiller01 2 34 56789101101 2 34 5678910114RF--combinersrackFigure 1--1 S12000 Outdoor BTS: Base cabinet layout

Cabinet descriptionNortel Networks Confidential 1--3S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksF--type converterA converter, called F--type converter, supplies ±15 V dc to the LNA--splitter andthe VSWR--meter.A second F--type converter is available as an option.RF Combiner and Tx--Filter compartmentsThe RF Combiner and Tx--Filter compartments can hold a maximum of either ofthe following combination of modules (4 on the left, 8 on the right):twelve RF duplexer (D) plus LNAstwelve RF duplexer (D) plus LNAs plus Tx--Filter modulestwelve two--way RF Hybrid Duplexer type (H2D) plus LNAssix RF four--way Hybrid Duplexer type (H4D) plus LNAsNote: Depending on the coupling system used, an RF--combiner can contain aduplexer, an H2D or H4D transmitter coupler, an LNA splitter, and an optionalVSWR meter.The D, H2D, and H4D RF Combiner modules perform the following functions:transmission coupling of two, three, or four channelsfiltering and duplexing of transmission and reception signals on the sameantenna portamplification of reception signalsmonitoring of the antenna VSWR (option)The Tx--Filter performs the following functions:filtering of transmission signalsmonitoring of the antenna VSWR (option)Combiner interconnection compartment (COMICO)The COMICO is the interconnection board for the modules of the RF Combinercompartment that centralizes inputs/outputs on the alarms and the power supplies.COMICO collects and connects alarms to RECAL.CBCF CompartmentTwo CBCF boards are visible on the front panel of the CBCF module:Compact Main Common Function (CMCF)Compact PCMI (CPMI)Since there is no CBCF in the extension cabinet, a filling plate occupies the placeof these units.

Cabinet description Nortel Networks Confidential1--4PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksDRX interconnection compartments (DRX--ICO A and DRX--ICO B)The interconnection compartments centralize DRX outputs. They assureinterconnection between DRX via the FH bus, PA, RECAL and CBCF modules.DRX compartmentsThese compartments receive up to twelve modules, 6 in each.RX--splitter compartmentsThe RX--splitter compartments receive up to eight RX--splitters, which receive RFsignals from the LNA splitter and distribute them to the DRXs RX inputs.Power system compartmentThe power system compartment may be configured with:a Power Controller Unit (PCU) and up to seven 600W or 680W rectifiers (one ofthem redundant).or a GIPS module including a DC Distribution and Control Unit (DCU), up toseven 680W rectifiers (one of them redundant), and an AC Distribution Unit(ADU).The rectifiers convert Mains Voltage to --48 V dc to be used in the cabinet.According to the number of DRXs per cell, the number of rectifiers may bedecreased.AC boxThis box is located on the right--hand side of the right--hand part of the cabinet. Twotypes of AC box are available:The AC box associated with the power system with PCU. It receives the mainsvoltage and distributes it to the power system compartment and to the coolingsystem. The PCU only controls the dc supply. The ac supply connects to the backpanel, which is common for all rectifiers.The AC box/GIPS associated with the GIPS. It receives the mains voltage anddistributes it to the power system compartment and to the user ac plug.

Cabinet descriptionNortel Networks Confidential 1--5S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networks1.1.2 S12000 Indoor BTSThe compartment layout of the base cabinet is presented in Figure 1--2.Cabinet topThe cabinet top (see Figure 1--5) can hold a maximum of two ALPRO modules.An ALPRO module consists of an ALPRO board, a protection cover, and aninterconnection plate.Combiner interconnection (COMICO) compartmentThis compartment consists of an interconnection board for the combinercompartment modules, which centralizes inputs/outputs on the alarms and thepower supplies.RF combiner and Tx--Filter compartmentThe RF Combiner and Tx--filter compartment can hold a maximum of either of thefollowing combination of modules:twelve RF duplexer (D) plus LNAstwelve RF duplexer (D) plus LNAs plus Tx--Filter modulestwelve two--way RF Hybrid Duplexer type (H2D) plus LNAssix RF four--way Hybrid Duplexer type (H4D) plus LNAsNote: Depending on the coupling system used, an RF--combiner can contain aduplexer, an H2D or H4D transmitter coupler, an LNA splitter, and an optionalVSWR meter.The RF Combiner modules perform the following functions:transmission coupling of the channelsfiltering and duplexing of transmission and reception signals on the sameantenna portamplification of reception signalsmonitoring of the antenna VSWR (option)The Tx--Filter performs the following functions:filtering of transmission signalsmonitoring of the antenna VSWR (option)

Cabinet description Nortel Networks Confidential1--6PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networks8 RX Splitters12 DRXDRX--ICO12 PAPA--ICO6 RF--combinersCOM--ICO Breakers2F--type convertersRECALCBCF6 RF--combinersInternal CoolingSystem0123 456 78910110123 456 7891011Figure 1--2 S12000 Indoor BTS: Base cabinet layout

Cabinet descriptionNortel Networks Confidential 1--7S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksDC compartmentThis compartment contains three switches to disconnect the power supply to thePower Amplifiers, the fans, and the RECAL/CBCF board.F--type convertersThe compartment also contains an F--type converter, which supplies ±15 V dc tothe LNA--splitter and the VSWR--meter. A second F--type converter is available asan option.PA interconnection compartmentThis compartment centralizes the --48 V dc power supply of the Power Amplifiers(PA).Power Amplifier compartmentThis compartment contains one to twelve power amplifiers (PAs).RECAL boardThe RECAL board can be connected to one or two external alarm protection boards(ALPRO) located on top of the base cabinet.DRX interconnection compartmentThis compartment centralizes DRX outputs. It connects them to the PowerAmplifiers (PA) on the one hand , and interconnects them via the FH bus on theother.DRX CompartmentThis compartment contains a maximum of twelve modules.CBCF CompartmentThis compartment contains the CBCF module.RX--splitter compartmentThis compartment contains up to eight RX--splitters, which receive data signalsfrom the units in the coupler compartment and distributes them to the DRXs.Climatic compartmentThis compartment contains two fans, and a board. One fan is optional and is usedto ensure redundancy. This board enables the control of the rotation of each fan andsends an alarm (one for each fan) to the RECAL board when the fan speed goesbelow a fixed threshold.

Cabinet description Nortel Networks Confidential1--8PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networks1.1.3 Additional equipment1.1.3.1 Battery cabinetA cabinet, independent from the BTS cabinet, can be added to increase the powerautonomy of the BTS in case of a mains power failure. This cabinet may house oneof two possible types of battery. The batteries are arranged in four strings, eachcontaining four batteries (see Figure 1--3).The internal batteries must first be disconnected before using these batteries.These batteries autonomy depend on the configuration and the equipment of theBTS, and can vary between 30 minutes and 14 hours.The cabinet dimensions are described in NTP < 01 >.Below the four battery strings is the Heating Ventilation Unit (HVU), consisting ofthe following:afana heating resistora controller

Cabinet descriptionNortel Networks Confidential 1--9S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksDCboxNut no. 2Plinth1Nut no. 15Clamp1bisDC breaker2AC box62bis3AC breaker73bis484bisBlue cableBlack cableFigure 1--3 External battery cabinet of the S12000 Outdoor BTS (SBS 60 batteries)

Cabinet description Nortel Networks Confidential1--10PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksDCboxPlinthdc breakerAC boxac breaker11bis522bis633bis744bis8StrapBlack cableBlue cableLug no. 2ClampLug no. 1Figure 1--4 External battery cabinet of the S12000 Outdoor BTS (SBS C11 batteries)

Cabinet descriptionNortel Networks Confidential 1--11S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networks1.1.3.2 PCM connection box (S12000 Outdoor BTS option for GSM 850/1900)This box is available as an option to protect two PCM links. An upgraded kit allowsthe protection of up to six PCM links.The PCM connection box is waterproof and can be put either in the BTS plinth oron--site outside the BTS (see Figure 1--6).The box can be fitted as suitable to the customer.1.1.3.3 --48 V dc connection box (S12000 Outdoor BTS option for GSM 850/1900)This box is available as an option to provide an external --48 V plug on--site.The --48 V connection box is waterproof and can be put either in the BTS plinth oron--site outside the BTS (see Figure 1--7).The box can be fitted as suitable to the customer.1.1.3.4 External alarm connection box (GSM 850/1900)This box exists in two versions:The outdoor version includes one or two ALPRO boards and the related primaryprotection modules. It protects up to 16 external alarms (8 per ALPRO board)and four remote controls (two per ALPRO board).The external alarms connection box is waterproof and can be put either in the BTSplinth or on--site outside the BTS (see Figure 1--8).The indoor version includes one ALPRO board, which protects up to 8 externalalarms and two remote controls. Two indoor version boxes can be put on the topof the S12000 indoor BTS (see Figure 1--5).The box can be fitted as suitable to the customer.

Cabinet description Nortel Networks Confidential1--12PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networks--48V0VALPRO 0ALPRO 1EquipotentialitystudALPRO 1connectorRF connectorALPRO 0connectorTerminal blocksGroundbarFigure 1--5 S12000 Indoor BTS: Cabinet top

Cabinet descriptionNortel Networks Confidential 1--13S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksFigure 1--6 S12000 Outdoor BTS: PCM connection box

Cabinet description Nortel Networks Confidential1--14PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksFigure 1--7 S12000 Outdoor BTS: --48 V connection box

Cabinet descriptionNortel Networks Confidential 1--15S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksFigure 1--8 External alarm connection box

Cabinet description Nortel Networks Confidential1--16PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networks1.2 Power supply1.2.1 S12000 Outdoor BTSThe power system supplies 48 V DC power to the modules in the cabinet from themain power supply. Two solutions have been implemented to power supplymodules of S12000 Outdoor BTS (either one or the other, but never both together).The first system is PCU based systemThe second system is DCU based system: GSM Integrated power systemThe PCU based system is implemented only in the 1900/850 BTS at the beginningof the S12000 life cycle. In a second time the DCU based system (GIPS) replacesthe first system and is generalized in all types of BTS. Most of the functions arecommon to both system (PCU and DCU based).1.2.1.1 General descriptionThis description is applicable to both systems, PCU based and DCU based (GIPS).The basic functions of the power system are the following:It accepts AC power and converts it up to 4200 W (PCU based) or 4760W (DCUbased) of DC power for the DC loads of the base station.It provides an optional redundancy of DC power.it provides separate controlled and overload protected DC outputs for each of theDC loads.It supports the charging and discharging of batteries that provide operationalpower when the AC input is not available.It monitors the state of the power system and reports the status to the host basestations (alarms to RECAL board).1.2.1.2 AC Distribution functions3 types of AC power supply are supported:mono phased (only supported by GIPS)tri phased (only supported by GIPS)split phase (supported by GIPS and PCU based system)The AC distribution provides:surge suppressiona system level circuit breaker for rectifiers power on/off and overload protectiona circuit breaker for DACS power on/off and overload protectionEMI filtering

Cabinet descriptionNortel Networks Confidential 1--17S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networks1.2.1.3 User plugThe user plug is always available in the PCU based system (US plug type only), butis optional for the GIPS.1.2.1.4 Rectifier modulesThe rectifiers convert input AC power into DC power for the DC loads within thebase station. The nominal output voltage is --54.6Vdc. The DC control system variesthe output voltage from --40Vdc to --58.3Vdc in order to manage the charging of anattached battery string.PCU based system receives both 600W or 680W rectifiers, but for 680W rectifieruse, the output power is limited to 600W.DCU based system (GIPS) can only receive 680W rectifiers. A mechanical wayprevents 600W rectifier insertion.Up to seven rectifiers (6+1 for redundancy) are housed in a rectifier shelf. Theiroutputs are connected in parallel through the shelf back plane.1.2.1.5 BatteriesThere are two types of battery units:internal batteries mounted on the top of the cabinet, which consist of four 12 V dcbatteries in series (one string)external batteries located in the external battery cabinet, and configured in amaximum of four strings. Each string consists of four 12V dc batteries in series,the four strings being connected in parallel.Sealed lead batteries are used.

Cabinet description Nortel Networks Confidential1--18PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networks1.2.1.6 DC Distribution and control functionsThe main function consists in the interconnection of the rectifiers set to the modulesof the BTS and to the batteries.DC distributionBoth power systems provide 4 outputs to the different S12000 modules:PA: DC distribution to the power amplifiers setDRX: DC distribution to the DRX setBCF: DC distribution to the basic functions of the BTS (CBCF, RECAL and theuser rack)DACS: DC distribution to the cooling unitIt generates a disconnection of its four load outputs depending on :the batteries output voltage levelthe internal temperature of the cabinet

Cabinet descriptionNortel Networks Confidential 1--19S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksFuse 10AFuse 10AFuse 10AFuse 10AFuse 2AFuse 2AFuse 10AFuse 1AFuse 4APCU/DCUCBCFDRX--ICOA CBCF compartmentPA -- I C O D R X -- I C O BRECAL80AbreakerUser15Abreaker15Abreaker10A breaker(PCU)15A breaker(DCU)(Time delay)90Abreaker(*)Internalbatteries6DRX6DRXClimaticsystem 2F--typeconverters12 poweramplifiersLegend:PA--ICO: Power Amplifier interconnectionDRX--ICO: DRX interconnectionNote: (*) The 90A breaker is used either for the internal battery or the external battery.ac inputac/dcrectifiersFigure 1--9 S12000 Outdoor BTS: dc power supply diagram

Cabinet description Nortel Networks Confidential1--20PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksBatteries managementWhen the power system stops supplying DC voltage, the batteries are the onlypossible DC power supply.The power system allows the cabinet to run on either internal or external batteries(connection of the internal or external batteries is carried out manually, and it is notpossible to connect both types simultaneously). Two operating options are possible.Option 1 (for PCU based system only):•If AC power is available, the power system powers all the outputs and, ifnecessary, supplies power to the batteries (charging phase).•If the power system does not supply any power, the internal or externalbatteries energize BCF and DACS outputs (discharging phase).Option 2 (for PCU based system and GIPS):•If AC power is available, the power system powers all the outputs and, ifnecessary, supplies power to the batteries (charging phase).•If the power system does not supply any power, the internal or externalbatteries energize all the outputs (discharging phase).During the discharging phases the battery output voltage decreases over time.So, when the battery output voltage reaches LVD45 (--45V +/--1%), the powersystem cuts off power supply to the boards in the cabinet that are connected to PAand DRX outputs. An alarm is generated.If the battery output voltage continues to decrease and reaches LVD42 (--42V+/--1%), the power system cuts off power supply to the boards in the cabinet thatare connected to BCF and DACS outputs.If the rectifiers recover power supply, the batteries are charging. When voltage isequal to 50.6V +/-- 0.5%, the power system reconnects the cabinet boards with itsfour outputs.The power system receives an analog signal from a temperature probe located onthe batteries (internal or external) and sends a signal to the rectifiers to adjust therectifier output voltage inversely to battery temperature (floating voltage).Alarm monitoringThe following alarms are provided to the RECAL board by the power system:Load1 threshold (LVD45)PCU protective devices (PA & DRX DC Breaker)Battery on dischargeDC fault

Cabinet descriptionNortel Networks Confidential 1--21S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksAC faultOver temperatureCabinet extreme ambient temperature managementA signal (CEATS1) is provided by two ambient temperature probes (one is locatedat the top of the cabinet, the other at the bottom) to the system power.When activated, this signal causes the disconnection of all outputs connected to therectifiers and to the batteries1.2.1.7 PCU based power system descriptionThe PCU based power system is composed of the following parts:an AC Main modulea Power Control Unit (PCU)a set of up to seven rectifier unitsa set of batteriesAC mainIt provides the AC distribution functions.It is made of an AC Main box with:main power supply connections (split phase only)a surge protectionan EMI filtera user plug (US plug type only)a main breaker, a DACS breaker, a rectifier breaker and an AC plug breaker

Cabinet description Nortel Networks Confidential1--22PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksPCU (Power Control Unit)It provides the DC distribution and control functions.It includes the PA breaker, the FAN breaker (DACS), the DRX breaker and the BCFbreaker. The batteries breaker is mounted on an external front panel.The PCU is located in the rectifier shelf. It is an integral part of this sub--rack andis not a Field Replaceable Unit (FRU).Rectifier modulesPCU based system can receive both 600W or 680W rectifiers, but in case of 680Wrectifier use, the output power is automatically limited to 600W.The rectifier shelf accepts up to seven rectifiers providing up to 4200W withoutredundancy or 3600W with redundancy.

Cabinet descriptionNortel Networks Confidential 1--23S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksClimatic system circuit breaker(15A)Main circuit breaker (50A)Two electrical outlets withincorporated differential (5 mA)Rectifier circuit breaker (35A)ac voltage to the rectifiersGroundac lightning protectorFuse for the 15A electrical outlets(F02, 250V, time delay)Alarm return to the RECALboardac voltage to the climatic systemand the heaters.Figure 1--10 Split single phase ac box

Cabinet description Nortel Networks Confidential1--24PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networks223222Climaticsystem circuitbreakerAlarm return toRECAL boardTwo electrical outletswith incorporateddifferential cut--outs (5mA)Main circuitbreakerRectifiercircuit breakerac voltageto climaticsystem andheatersac voltage torectifiersFilter neutralFilter phase 1 Lightningprotectorac power supply15A fuse for electrical outletsGroundGroundFilter phase 2Figure 1--11 Side view of inside of split single--phase ac box

Cabinet descriptionNortel Networks Confidential 1--25S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networks1.2.1.8 DCU based power sytem description (GIPS)The DCU based power system is composed of the following parts:an AC Box module and an optional User AC Plug kitan AC Distribution Unit (ADU)a DC Distribution and Control Unit (DCU)a set of up to seven rectifier unitsa set of batteriesAC BOX/GIPS and user ac plugIt includes only main power supply connection.The GIPS based power system operates from 3 types of AC power networksdepending on the AC Box internal interconnection:single phased networkthree phased networksplit phased networkAn optional User AC plug kit is connected to the AC Box. Four plug types areavailable:european type Eeuropean type FUKUSThe user plug kit includes a breaker (differential breaker for European models andfuse for North American models).ADU (AC Distribution Unit)It provides the AC distribution functions.The ADU is located in the rectifier shelf and is a Field Replaceable Unit (FRU).It includes:a surge protectionEMI filtersa DACS breaker, rectifier breakersDCU (DC Distribution and Control Unit)It provides the DC distribution and control functions.

Cabinet description Nortel Networks Confidential1--26PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksIt includes the PA breaker, the DACS breaker, the DRX breaker and the BCFbreaker. The batteries breaker is mounted on an external front panel.The DCU is located in the rectifier shelf. It is an integral part of this sub--rack andis not a Field Replaceable Unit (FRU).Rectifier modulesDCU based system (GIPS) receives only 680W rectifiers. A mechanical wayprevents 600W rectifier insertion.The rectifier shelf accepts up to seven rectifiers providing up to 4760 W withoutredundancy or 4080 W with redundancy.

Cabinet descriptionNortel Networks Confidential 1--27S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksUS AC plug5mA/120VacIndicator fuse 15AAC voltage tothe power systemcompartmentAC inputterminal blockFigure 1--12 AC box/GIPS with US type user AC plug BTS

Cabinet description Nortel Networks Confidential1--28PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksEuropean ACplug 230VacDifferential circuitbreaker 6A/30mAAC voltage tothe power systemcompartmentAC inputterminal blockFigure 1--13 AC box/GIPS with E, F, UK type user AC plug

Cabinet descriptionNortel Networks Confidential 1--29S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksAC BOXMainsGroundto GIPSAC plug kit(optional)Electrical outletFaultInterrupter(differential breaker)Figure 1--14 Side view of inside of AC box/GIPS

Cabinet description Nortel Networks Confidential1--30PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networks1.2.2 S12000 Indoor BTSFigure 1--15 shows the dc power supply distribution. Two filters protect the dcdistribution input against conducted emission. The dc power supply feeds the dccompartment where four outputs come out to the following equipment groups:the twelve power amplifiers and the two F--type converters, through the poweramplifier interconnection modulethe two fans, through the fan interconnection modulethe twelve DRXs, through the DRX interconnection modulethe CBCFthe RECAL boardThe dc compartment houses four breakers to disconnect the powering of theseequipment groups.The dc distribution for each group uses three cables:+0 V dc-- 4 8 V d cground

Cabinet descriptionNortel Networks Confidential 1--31S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networksac inputdc compartment100Abreaker10Abreaker12 poweramplifiers2F--typeconverters 12 DRXsLegend :PA--ICO : Power Amplifier interconnectionFAN--ICO : Fan interconnectionDRX--ICO : DRX interconnectionEMI filtersPA/DRXFANS RECALCBCF5AbreakerCBCF2 fansCBCFRECALPA_ICO FAN_ICODRX_ICOFuse 10AFuse 10AFuse 10AFuse 2AFuse 2AFuseFuseFuse 4AFuse 10AFigure 1--15 S12000 Indoor BTS: dc power supply diagram

Cabinet description Nortel Networks Confidential1--32PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networks1.3 Climatic System1.3.1 S12000 Outdoor BTSThe climatic system controls the inside temperature of the cabinet. It is located inthe top compartment of the cabinet. The climatic system consists of a DirectAmbient Cooling System (DACS).The operating principle is the following:An air damper opens to admit external air (incoming air is filtered) and controlsthe inner cabinet environment by mixing appropriate amounts of outside andrecirculated air.Twin blowers drive air down the rear duct and into the equipment enclosure viaslots at the rear. Returned air to the cooling system is routed through two sets ofholes in the base, with excess air being rejected from vents located on either sideof the system.The internal temperature control is achieved by a high quality thermistor that hasan accuracy of ±0.2°C (0.36_F) between 0°C(32_F) and 70°C (158_F). This deviceis located in the left hand exit duct above a hole on the duct side; the hole ensuresthat the thermistor is constantly in a moving air stream, regardless of damperposition. The operational mode of the Cooling system is solely dictated by theinformation provided by the thermistor.There are four operational modes:Low temperature --40°C(--56°F)<Tcab<15°C(59°F)The heater is powered on, the damper is closed to the outside and air isrecirculated via the holes in the base of the cooling system.Medium temperature 15°C(59°F)<Tcab<40°C (104°F)The heater is switched off, the damper remains closed and further heating of theequipment enclosure is achieved solely by the internal equipment loading.Normal temperature Tcab = 40°C (104°F)The damper position is controlled automatically by the modulating motor,mixing appropriate amounts of recirculated and external air to maintain aconstant temperature. Excess air is rejected from the cooling system from ventsat either side of the cooling system.High temperature Tcab > 40°C (104°F)Although the damper is fully open, the cooling system is unable to keep thecabinet temperature to 40°C (104°F) which now rises in sympathy with theexternal temperature. At an outside temperature of 50°C (122°F), the internalcabinet will rise to a nominal 60°C (140°F) under fully loaded conditions.The cooling system is supplied with:

Cabinet descriptionNortel Networks Confidential 1--33S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networkstwo hard alarm outputs:•The first alarm output signals a fault on the cooling system.•The second alarm output indicates a maintenance requirement for the filter.three alarm LEDs for on--site fault diagnostics:•The red LED indicates a critical alarm for fan failure.•The yellow LED indicates a critical alarm for heater circuit failure.•The green LED indicates a maintenance alarm for clogged filter.On the top of the cooling system, there is a window in the lid which allows theuser to view the LEDs. The LEDs are normally lit when healthy and off alarm.The cooling system is dc powered which allows internal or external batteryback--up. The dc power consumption of the cooling system is 400--450 W. The coldstart--up performance of the unit is controlled by an inbuilt ac to dc converter (foroperation of the fans) and by a 2.5 kW heating element.1.3.2 S12000 Indoor BTSThe Internal Cooling System (ICS) controls the inside temperature of the cabinet.It is located in the lowest compartment of the cabinet. The ICS consists of a rackwhich contains:two blowersa filtera convertera control boarda front panel which contains three LEDs:•FAN1/CONV, which is lit green when there is no failure on the first fan or onthe converter.•FAN2, which is lit green when there is no failure on the second fan.•FILTER, which is lit green when the filter is not clogged.

Cabinet description Nortel Networks Confidential1--34PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networks1.4 PlinthThe S12000 Outdoor BTS cabinet can be installed on a plinth allowing for cablepassage. The plinth characteristics are described in NTP < 01 >.The plinth may contain the external alarm connection box, the PCM connection boxand the --48 V dc connection box.These boxes are screwed into the inside of the plinth.The S8000 plinth can be used for the S12000 Outdoor BTS.

Cabinet descriptionNortel Networks Confidential 1--35S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networks1.5 Physical characteristics1.5.1 S12000 Outdoor BTSPhysical characteristicsRefertoNTP<01>.Operating temperatureTo operate correctly, the BTS requires a temperature greater than --40°C(--56°F)and less than +50°C (+122°F).Autonomy of the internal batteryThe internal battery is an optional equipment located in the top compartment. Thebattery backup time depends on the configuration and the BTS equipment, and canvary from 30 minutes to a few hours.1.5.2 S12000 Indoor BTSThe S12000 Indoor BTS cabinet can be wall--mounted or put on the floor.Physical characteristicsRefertoNTP<01>.Operating temperatureWhen the base cabinet is turned on, the external ambient air temperature must bebetween 0°C(32°F) and 45°C(113°F).Once in operation, the base cabinet requires an external ambient air temperatureabove --5°C(23°F) and below 45°C(113°F).

Cabinet description Nortel Networks Confidential1--36PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networks1.6 Product namesA BTS contains one or more cabinets and the associated supplies (cables, covers,endings, etc.).BTS products are identified by six items:Sectorization Number of X = Number of sectorsNumber of cabinetsFrequency DCC number of DCC orDSCCabinet typePCM typeoption and impedanceNumber of TRXs in the first sector Number of TRXs in the second sectorNumber of TRXs in the Xth sectorTX type, power, radiotest, encryptionNumber of DTI or PCMIboardsLetter for future useBBB FF UUU VSXX....Xzz PP/PP QRAType of coupling systemExample: BBB = OUD (S12000 Outdoor BTS)BBB = IND (S12000 Indoor BTS)

Cabinet descriptionNortel Networks Confidential 1--37S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksPAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

Board descriptionNortel Networks Confidential 2--1S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networks2 BOARD DESCRIPTION2.1 Power Amplifier (PA)The Power Amplifier (PA) amplifies the GUMS signal from a low--leveltransmission unit and sends it to the transmission coupler.HePA is compatible with e--DRX (all frequencies) and DRX ND3 (900) and withthe indoor and outdoor S8000 and S12000 cabinets. The cabinet can contain amaximum of 12 HePAs.Three types of PA are available : PA, ePA and HePA (High Power Amplifier). TheHePA can be used mixed with PA and ePA.PA and ePA are class 5 amplifiers, that is, they can provide power of between 20 Wand 40 W. Nominal power is 30 W.HePA is the BTS Power Amplifier with transmit power up to 60 W in GMSK andis Edge compatible.HePA is compatible with S8000 CBCF and S12000 cabinets (indoor + outdoor) andworks with eDRX and DRX ND3. HePA is not compatible with DRX.The HePA can be mixed with PA in step coupling configurations. It can be mixedwith (e)PA in a normal cell if its power is being configured with a value that iscompatible with (e)PA (lower than 30 Watt).The range of value of the OMC parameter ”bsTxPwrMax” that sets the power ofthe TRX, already permits to configure power up to 60 Watts.The HePA is differentiated at the OMC from PA and ePA; in the same way the ePAis differentiated from the PA.It contains its own dc/dc converter and contains a microcontroller which allows itto dialogue with the low--power transmission module. This function makes itpossible to move the power amplifier to the top of the tower if necessary.2.1.1 Amplifier alarmsThe power amplifier provides several alarms:an overtemperature alarm, whose threshold is set in the PAan overvoltage alarm, whose threshold is set in the PAan alarm indicating that the PA output reflected power is exceededThis alarm is triggered when the reflect power exceeds 6W.an alarm dedicated to the DC/DC converter

Board description Nortel Networks Confidential2--2PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networksa communication alarmThis alarm is triggered by a parity bit error or control byte error.an input power alarm, whose threshold is set in the PAThe DRX must then reduce its output level (PA input level) to make the alarmdisappeara consumed current alarm whose threshold is set in the PA2.1.2 Power supplyThe power amplifier receives a 48 V power supply from the cabinet. The converteraccepts an input voltage between 36 V and 57 V (nominally 48 V). It then providesthe regulated 24 V voltage needed for operation of the PA radio stages.Maximum consumption is 220 Wfor PA, 200 Wfor ePA and 290 Wfor HePA 1900MHz or 230 W for HePA 900 MHz. Actual consumptions are lower, with a typicalmaximum of 170 W for ePAs, 230 W for HePA 1900 and 200 W for HePA 900.S12000 indoor:At low speed:The HePA operates 12°C lower in S12000 than in S8000.The HePA temperature rise is 4°C lower than specification in S12000 (+26°Cabove ambient).At high speed:The HePA operates 17°C lower in S12000 than in S8000.The HePA temperature rise is 9°C lower than specification in S12000 (+26°Cabove ambient).2.1.3 ConnectorsThe power amplifier connectors are located on the front panel.

Board descriptionNortel Networks Confidential 2--3S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksDATA I/OPOWER INRF OUTRF SAMPLERF INFUSE10ANote: In the S12000 Indoor BTS, the front panel is invertedcompared to the figure presentedF1 Fuse10A250V time delayFigure 2--1 S12000 BTS: Power Amplifier (type 1)

Board description Nortel Networks Confidential2--4PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksDATA I/OPOWER INRF OUTRF INNote: In the S12000 Indoor BTS, the front panel is invertedcompared to the figure presentedFigure 2--2 S12000 BTS: Power Amplifier (type 2)

Board descriptionNortel Networks Confidential 2--5S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksDATA I/OPOWER INRF OUTRF INNote: In the S8000 Indoor BTS, the front panel is invertedcompared to the figure presented.Figure 2--3 S12000 BTS: High Power Amplifier (HePA)

Board description Nortel Networks Confidential2--6PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networks2.1.3.1 Radio connectorsThere are three radio connectors:The radio input connector, marked “RF IN”, is a female, SMA connector.The radio output connector, marked “RF OUT”, is a female, N--type connector.The test connector, marked “RF SAMPLE”, is a female, SMA connector.According to to the PA type, this connector is optional.2.1.3.2 Voltage supply connectorThe --48 V supply of the PA is supplied through a male, three--pin connector. Thepin connections are as follows:148 V (--)2GND30VTable 2--1 Voltage supply connector

Board descriptionNortel Networks Confidential 2--7S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networks2.1.3.3 Data connectorThe data input/output connector is a 20--pin connector. The pin connections are asfollows:1GND2GND3SYNC4MEU_DATA_OUT5Selection of PA operating mode6SECT_SEL_0 (not used by the PA)7MEU_DATA_IN8Test point9Test point10 Test point11 GND12 GND13 NSYNC14 NMEU_DATA_OUT15 Test point16 SECT_SEL_1 (not used by the PA)17 NMEU_DATA_IN18 Test point19 Test point20 Test pointTable 2--2 Data connector

Board description Nortel Networks Confidential2--8PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networks2.2 RECAL board2.2.1 Functional descriptionThe RECAL board is the alarm management unit used with the CBCF. The RECALcollects external and internal alarm loops and alarms associated with OEMequipment.A slave of the CBCF, the RECAL board sends alarms to the CBCF over a PrivatePCM link. The CBCF signals the BSC when there is an alarm.There is one RECAL board per cabinet.The following functional blocks of the RECAL board are shown in Figure 2--4:Control unitAlarms interfaceCommunication interfacePower supply2.2.1.1 Alarm managementThe RECAL board collects three types of alarms:Internal alarmsUnprotected external alarmsProtected external alarmsInternal alarmsThe RECAL board detects up to 56 internal alarms logical signals.Internal alarms are wire loops that can only be opened or closed by dry contacts oropen collectors.A closed loop forces a low logic level (less than 1.35 V) on the trigger output, whichindicates that there is no alarm. An open loop forces a high logic level (greater than3.15 V) on the trigger output.The CPU runs polling sequences to recognize the alarm state.

Board descriptionNortel Networks Confidential 2--9S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networks48VDC/5VDCConversion5VDC/12VDCIsolated Conversion+5Vdc +12VDCisolatedPower supplyReset logicLEDsDebugPORTLoopbacklogicCPUioio iosci@, data/irqFlashEPROM SRAMMemory AddressdecodinglogicCabinetreferencenumberControl unitA/D channelsInternal alarmsinterfaceRemote controlExternal alarmsinterfaceHDLCcontrollerPCMinterfaceSEL[4:7]2PCMsfrom/toCavities2PCMsfrom/toCMCFs48VDCpower supply4 A/D inputs4 remotecontrol outputs88 internalalarms16 externalalarmsAlarms interface CommunicationinterfaceFigure 2--4 RECAL board functional diagram

Board description Nortel Networks Confidential2--10PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksUnprotected external alarmsThe RECAL board detects unprotected external alarms the same as the internalalarms, which can be used inside the cabinet or within a few meters outside thecabinet.Protected external alarmsThe RECAL board detects up to 16 protected external alarms. These alarms can beused outside the cabinet by adding two ALPRO boards, which manage 8 alarmseach.A closed loop forces a low logic level (0 mA) on the optocoupler collector,indicating that there is no alarm. An open loop forces a high logic level (5 mA) onthe optocoupler collector, indicating that there is an alarm.The operation is performed via the external remote commands (close/open relay)accessible via the ALPRO box connected to the EXT. P. connector of the RECALboard.The EXT. P. (external protected alarm) connector provides pins ETC0A (pin17) andETC0B (pin18), both connected to an internal relay ETC0 within the RECAL board(see Table 2--8).2.2.1.2 Analog to digital inputsThe RECAL board reads four analog channels (voltage 0 to 5 V DC) that areconverted in digital signals by an eight--bits signal into a analog/digital converter.2.2.1.3 Remote control outputsFour remote control relay outputs are provided with a maximum current of 80 mAand a maximum voltage of 72 V DC.2.2.2 Physical descriptionThis section describes the LEDs, connectors, and the electrical characteristics of theRECAL board.2.2.2.1 Front panelThe front panel of the RECAL board has the following:One reset buttonThree LEDsSix connectorsThe reset button allows a hard reset of the board.

Board descriptionNortel Networks Confidential 2--11S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksThe front panel of the RECAL board is shown in Figure 2--5.

Board description Nortel Networks Confidential2--12PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksEXT. P.INT.PCM OUTPWRRESETBIST+5VRDYPCMEXT. NP.RECALScrewsFigure 2--5 RECAL board

Board descriptionNortel Networks Confidential 2--13S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networks2.2.2.2 LEDsThere are three LEDs on the front panel of the RECAL board, described inTable 2--3.Type No. ofLEDsLabel(color) Meaning (when lit)Board stateindicators1BIST (yellow) The built--in self--test isrunning or is stopped with adefault result.1+5 V (green) The power is on.1RDY (green) The board is operatingnormally.Table 2--3 LEDs on the front panel of the RECAL board

Board description Nortel Networks Confidential2--14PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networks2.2.2.3 ConnectorsThere are six connectors on the front panel of the RECAL board, which are wiredto corresponding connectors on left/right side of the board (see Figure 2--5)Additionally, there are two connectors that are accessible only from inside theboard.Access No. ofconnectors Label Type PurposeFront panel 1PCM SCSI 50--pin female PCM lines to and from the CBCF andcabinet reference number. Wired tothe P4 connector soldered on theinside of the board. The debug port(P0) inside the board is connected tothe PCM connector.1PWR Sub--D 3--pin maleType 3W348 V DC Power supply input.1PCMOutSub--D 25--pin female PCM lines to and from cavities. Wiredto the P6 connector soldered on theinside of the board.1INT Sub--D high density62--pin female56 internal alarms (32 to 87). Wiredto the P3 connector soldered on theinside of the board.1EXT. P. Sub--D 50--pin female 16 external protected alarms and 4remote control outputs. Wired to theP5 connector soldered on the insideof the board.1EXT.NP. Sub--D 50--pin female 32 internal alarms (0 to 31) and 4analog to digital conversion channels.Wired to the P2 connector solderedon the inside of the board.Inside theboard1P0 Sub--D 9--pin male Debugging port (the connector is notequipped).1P1 10--pin male EPLD Programming port, used in thefactory to program the EPLD.Table 2--4 RECAL board connectors

Board descriptionNortel Networks Confidential 2--15S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksPin connectionsThe pin connections and their significance are identified in Table 2--5 toTable 2--12.Pin no. Purpose Pin no. Purpose Pin no. Purpose50 49 TXDBG47 RXDBG 48 PCBUG0 46 GND44 45 43 GND41 GND 42 GND 40 GND38 NSEL6 39 NSEL7 37 NSEL535 GND 36 NSEL4 34 NMICR132 NH4M 33 NMICR0 31 NMICE029 NMICE1 30 NSY 2826 27 2523 24 2220 21 1917 GND 18 GND 16 GND14 SEL7 15 GND 13 SEL611 SEL4 12 SEL5 10 GND8MICR0 9MICR1 7H4M5SY 6MICE0 4MICE12 3 1Legend:H4M 4MHzclockSY Frame synchronization signalMICE Transmit PCM lineMICR Receive PCM lineGND GroundSEL/NSEL Cabinet number selectionTable 2--5 PCM pin connections

Board description Nortel Networks Confidential2--16PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksPin no. Purpose Pin no. Purpose13 GND25 NSY 12 SY24 NH4M 11 H4M23 NMICR1 10 MICR122 NMICR0 9MICR021 NMICE1 8MICE120 NMICE0 7MICE019 GND 6GND18 GND 5GND17 NSEL7 4SEL716 NSEL6 3SEL615 NSEL5 2SEL514 NSEL4 1SEL4Legend:H4M 4MHzclockSY Frame synchronization signalMICE Transmit PCM lineMICR Receive PCM lineGND GroundTable 2--6 PCM--out pin connections

Board descriptionNortel Networks Confidential 2--17S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksPin no. Purpose Pin no. Purpose Pin no. Purpose42 GND 21 DALI8762 DALI86 41 DALI85 20 DALI8461 DALI83 40 DALI82 19 DALI8160 DALI80 39 DALI79 18 GND59 DALI78 38 DALI77 17 DALI7658 DALI75 37 DALI74 16 DALI7357 DALI72 36 DALI71 15 DALI7056 DALI69 35 DALI68 14 DALI6755 DALI66 34 GND 13 DALI6554 DALI64 33 DALI63 12 DALI6253 DALI61 32 DALI60 11 DALI5952 DALI58 31 DALI57 10 DALI5651 DALI55 30 DALI54 9DALI5350 GND 29 DALI52 8DALI5149 DALI50 28 DALI49 7DALI4848 DALI47 27 DALI46 6DALI4547 DALI44 26 DALI43 5DALI4246 DALI41 25 GND 4DALI4045 DALI39 24 DALI138 3DALI3744 DALI36 23 DALI135 2DALI3443 DALI33 22 GND 1DALI32Legend:DALI Internal Alarm DetectionGND GroundTable 2--7 Internal pin connections

Board description Nortel Networks Confidential2--18PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksPinno. Purpose Pinno. Purpose Pinno. Purpose50 33 MLC 1749 ETC1B_ALPRO1 32 MLC 16 ETC1A_ALPRO148 +5V 31 ETC0A_ALPRO1 15 ETC0B_ALPRO147 +5V 30 1446 ME_ALPRO1 29 DALE6_ALPRO1 13 DALE7_ALPRO145 ME_ALPRO1 28 DALE4_ALPRO1 12 DALE5_ALPRO144 ME_ALPRO1 27 DALE2_ALPRO1 11 DALE3_ALPRO143 ME_ALPRO1 26 DALE0_ALPRO1 10 DALE1_ALPRO142 ME_ALPRO1 25 941 MLC 24 ETC1A_ALPRO0 8ETC1B_ALPRO040 MLC 23 ETC0B_ALPRO0 7+5V39 ETC0A_ALPRO0 22 6+5V38 21 DALE7_ALPRO0 5ME_ALPRO037 DALE6_ALPRO0 20 DALE5_ALPRO0 4ME_ALPRO036 DALE4_ALPRO0 19 DALE3_ALPRO0 3ME_ALPRO035 DALE2_ALPRO0 18 DALE1_ALPRO0 2ME_ALPRO034 DALE0_ALPRO0 1ME_ALPRO0Legend:-- DALE: External alarm detection-- ETC: Remote control emission-- ME: External Mass (isolated from logic mass)-- MLC: Common Logic MassTable 2--8 EXT. P pin connections

Board descriptionNortel Networks Confidential 2--19S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksPin no. Purpose Pin no. Purpose Pin no. Purpose50 GND 33 DALI 21 17 GND49 DTA3 32 DALI 20 16 DALI 1148 DTA2 31 DALI 19 15 DALI 1047 GND 30 GND 14 DALI 946 DALI 31 29 DALI 18 13 GND45 DALI 30 28 DALI 17 12 DALI 844 DALI 29 27 DALI 16 11 DALI 743 DALI 28 26 GND 10 DALI 642 GND 25 GND 9GND41 DALI 27 24 DTA1 8DALI 540 DALI 26 23 DTA0 7DALI 439 DALI 25 22 GND 6DALI 338 GND 21 DALI 15 5GND37 DALI 24 20 DALI 14 4DALI 236 DALI 23 19 DALI 13 3DALI 135 DALI 22 18 DALI 12 2DALI 034 GND 1GNDLegend:DALI Internal Alarm DetectionGND GroundTable 2--9 Ext. NP. pin connectionsPin no. Purpose1(--) 48 V2GND3(+) 48 VTable 2--10 PWR pin connections

Board description Nortel Networks Confidential2--20PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksPin no. Purpose Pin no. Purpose6 1 GND7 2 RXDBG8 3 TXDBG9 4 PCBUG05GNDTable 2--11 P0 (Debug) pin connectionsPin no. Purpose Pin no. Purpose1TCK 2GND3TDO 4+55TMS 67 89TDI 10 GNDTable 2--12 P1 (EPLD JTAG) port pin connections2.2.2.4 Electrical characteristicsThe RECAL board is powered by a nominal 48 V DC. The nominal supply currentis approximately 600 mA.A DC/DC converter (48 V to 5 V) on the board supplies logic circuits with +5 VDC. The +5 V DC supply is available on the EXT.P external connector (and P5internal connector) for the possible heating resistors mounted on the ALPROboards.A second DC/DC isolated stages converter (5 V to 12 V) provides external alarmdetection circuits with +12 V DC isolated supply.A EMC filter is designed on the board between 48 V DC input and the primary stageof the DC/DC (48 V to 5 V) converter.Its maximum consumption is 15 W.

Board descriptionNortel Networks Confidential 2--21S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networks2.2.3 List of connected internal alarmsConnected internal alarms are the only internal alarms that can be used. The list ofalarms and the corresponding DALI pins (internal alarm detection) on the INT0connector are identified in the following tables:Table 2--13 – S12000 Indoor BTS (base and extension cabinets)Table 2--15 – S12000 Outdoor BTS (base and extension cabinets)OriginAlarmDALIRECALINTOriginAlarmDALIRECALINTconnector PInF--type converter High temperature Converter F0 DALI80 60Behavior signal Converter F0 DALI81 19High temperature Converter F1 DALI82 40Behavior signal Converter F1 DALI83 61Doors Door alarm DALI87 21VSWR--meter VSWR0 Level 1 fault DALI33 43VSWR0 Level 2 fault DALI34 2VSWR0 Level 3 fault DALI35 23VSWR1 Level 1 fault DALI37 3VSWR1 Level 2 fault DALI38 24VSWR1 Level 3 fault DALI39 45VSWR2 Level 1 fault DALI41 46VSWR2 Level 2 fault DALI42 5VSWR2 Level 3 fault DALI43 26VSWR3 Level 1 fault DALI45 6VSWR3 Level 2 fault DALI46 27VSWR3 Level 3 fault DALI47 48VSWR4 Level 1 fault DALI49 28VSWR4 Level 2 fault DALI50 49VSWR--meter VSWR4 Level 3 fault DALI51 8VSWR5 Level 1 fault DALI53 9VSWR5 Level 2 fault DALI54 30VSWR5 Level 3 fault DALI55 51VSWR6 Level 1 fault DALI57 31

Board description Nortel Networks Confidential2--22PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksOrigin RECAL INTconnector PInDALIAlarmOrigin RECAL INTconnector PInDALIAlarmVSWR6 Level 2 fault DALI58 52VSWR6 Level 3 fault DALI59 11VSWR7 Level 1 fault DALI61 53VSWR7 Level 2 fault DALI62 12VSWR7 Level 3 fault DALI63 33VSWR8 Level 1 fault DALI65 13VSWR8 Level 2 fault DALI66 55VSWR8 Level 3 fault DALI67 14VSWR9 Level 1 fault DALI69 56VSWR9 Level 2 fault DALI70 15VSWR9 Level 3 fault DALI71 36VSWR10 Level 1 fault DALI73 16VSWR10 Level 2 fault DALI74 37VSWR10 Level 3 fault DALI75 58VSWR11 Level 1 fault DALI77 38VSWR11 Level 2 fault DALI78 59VSWR11 Level 3 fault DALI79 39LNA LNA0 fault DALI32 1LNA1 fault DALI36 44LNA2 fault DALI40 4LNA3 fault DALI44 47LNA4 fault DALI48 7LNA5 fault DALI52 29LNA6 fault DALI56 10LNA7 fault DALI60 32LNA8 fault DALI64 54LNA9 fault DALI68 35LNA10 fault DALI72 57LNA11 fault DALI76 17

Board descriptionNortel Networks Confidential 2--23S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksOrigin RECAL INTconnector PInDALIAlarmOrigin RECAL INTconnector PInDALIAlarmBlower Blower_ALA1 DALI84 20Blower_ALA2 DALI85 41Blower_ALA3 DALI86 62Table 2--13 List of alarms and INT0 connector DALIs(S12000 Indoor BTS, base and extension cabinets)The values of this table correspond to the static wiring scheme between COMICOand RECAL.In function of the configuration and of the BTS cabling, the logical value associatedto the origin of alarms can be different from the static value.For example, the following table gives the correspondence between static valuesand logical values for the 3H4D+RxF S444 an 3 H4D S012 configuration.Static Values 3 H4D+RxF S444 3 H4D S012 DALILNA0 X XVSWR0 Level 1 fault X XVSWR0 Level 2 fault X XVSWR0 Level 3 fault X XLNA1 LNA0 LNA0 DALI36VSWR1 Level 1 fault VSWR0 Level 1 fault VSWR0 Level 1 fault DALI37VSWR1 Level 2 fault VSWR0 Level 2 fault VSWR0 Level 2 fault DALI38VSWR1 Level 3 fault VSWR0 Level 3 fault VSWR0 Level 3 fault DALI39LNA2 X XVSWR2 Level 1 fault X XVSWR2 Level 2 fault X XVSWR2 Level 3 fault X XLNA3 LNA1 LAN1 DALI44VSWR3 Level 1 fault VSWR1 Level 1 fault VSWR1 Level 1 fault DALI45VSWR3 Level 2 fault VSWR1 Level 2 fault VSWR1 Level 2 fault DALI46VSWR3 Level 3 fault VSWR1 Level 3 fault VSWR1 Level 3 fault DALI47LNA4 X X

Board description Nortel Networks Confidential2--24PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksStatic Values DALI3 H4D S0123 H4D+RxF S444VSWR4 Level 1 fault X XVSWR4 Level 2 fault X XVSWR4 Level 3 fault X XLNA5 LNA2 LNA2 DALI52VSWR5 Level 1 fault VSWR2 Level 1 fault VSWR2 Level 1 fault DALI53VSWR5 Level 2 fault VSWR2 Level 2 fault VSWR2 Level 2 fault DALI54VSWR5 Level 3 fault VSWR2 Level 3 fault VSWR2 Level 3 fault DALI55LNA6 X XVSWR6 Level 1 fault X XVSWR6 Level 2 fault X XVSWR6 Level 3 fault X XLNA7 LNA7 X60VSWR7 Level 1 fault X XVSWR7 Level 2 fault X XVSWR7 Level 3 fault X XLNA8 X XVSWR8 Level 1 fault X XVSWR8 Level 2 fault X XVSWR8 Level 3 fault X XLNA9 LNA9 X68VSWR9 Level 1 fault X XVSWR9 Level 2 fault X XVSWR9 Level 3 fault X XLNA10 LNA11 X72VSWR10 Level 1 fault X XVSWR10 Level 2 fault X XVSWR10 Level 3 fault X XLNA11 X XVSWR11 Level 1 fault X XVSWR11 Level 2 fault X XVSWR11 Level 3 fault X XTable 2--14 Example of alarm affectation in function of S12000 Indoor configuration

Board descriptionNortel Networks Confidential 2--25S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksNote: An X in a column indicates that the alarm is not used with a particularconfigurationOriginAlarmDALIRECALINTOriginAlarmDALIRECALINTconnector PInF--type converter High temperature Converter F0 DALI80 60Behavior signal Converter F0 DALI81 19High temperature Converter F1 DALI82 40Behavior signal Converter F1 DALI83 61Doors Door alarm DALI87 21VSWR--meter VSWR0 Level 1 fault DALI77 43VSWR0 Level 2 fault DALI78 2VSWR0 Level 3 fault DALI79 23VSWR1 Level 1 fault DALI73 3VSWR1 Level 2 fault DALI74 24VSWR1 Level 3 fault DALI75 45VSWR2 Level 1 fault DALI69 46VSWR2 Level 2 fault DALI70 5VSWR2 Level 3 fault DALI71 26VSWR3 Level 1 fault DALI65 6VSWR3 Level 2 fault DALI66 27VSWR3 Level 3 fault DALI67 48VSWR4 Level 1 fault DALI61 28VSWR4 Level 2 fault DALI62 49VSWR--meter VSWR4 Level 3 fault DALI63 8VSWR5 Level 1 fault DALI57 9VSWR5 Level 2 fault DALI58 30VSWR5 Level 3 fault DALI59 51VSWR6 Level 1 fault DALI53 31VSWR6 Level 2 fault DALI54 52VSWR6 Level 3 fault DALI55 11VSWR7 Level 1 fault DALI49 53VSWR7 Level 2 fault DALI50 12

Board description Nortel Networks Confidential2--26PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksOrigin RECAL INTconnector PInDALIAlarmOrigin RECAL INTconnector PInDALIAlarmVSWR7 Level 3 fault DALI51 33VSWR8 Level 1 fault DALI45 13VSWR8 Level 2 fault DALI46 55VSWR8 Level 3 fault DALI47 14VSWR9 Level 1 fault DALI41 56VSWR9 Level 2 fault DALI42 15VSWR9 Level 3 fault DALI43 36VSWR10 Level 1 fault DALI37 16VSWR10 Level 2 fault DALI38 37VSWR10 Level 3 fault DALI39 58VSWR11 Level 1 fault DALI33 38VSWR11 Level 2 fault DALI34 59VSWR11 Level 3 fault DALI35 39LNA LNA0 fault DALI76 1LNA1 fault DALI72 44LNA2 fault DALI68 4LNA3 fault DALI64 47LNA4 fault DALI60 7LNA5 fault DALI56 29LNA6 fault DALI52 10LNA7 fault DALI48 32LNA8 fault DALI44 54LNA9 fault DALI40 35LNA10 fault DALI36 57LNA11 fault DALI32 17Blower Cooler_0 DALI84 20Cooler_1 DALI85 41Hood_Alarm DALI86 62Table 2--15 List of alarms and INT0 connector DALIs(S12000 Outdoor BTS, base and extension cabinets)

Board descriptionNortel Networks Confidential 2--27S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networks2.2.4 List of unprotected external alarmsThe following pins on the INT1 connector can be used to receive up to32 unprotected external alarms:DALI 0 to DALI 20MLCThe above pins presently are not used in the S12000 Indoor BTS.Table 2--16 identifies the DALIs in the S12000 Outdoor BTS.Origin Alarm DALI numberAC MAIN ALARM Main breaker DALI 0SURGE ALARM Surge fail DALI 1AC--DC RECTIFIERSALARMSAC fault DALI 2ALARMS DC fault DALI 3Over temperature DALI 4Load1 threshold DALI 5PCU protective devices DALI 6Battery on discharge DALI 7USER ALARMS User 1 DALI 8User 2 DALI 9User 3 DALI 11User 4 DALI 12User 5 DALI 13BATTERY BREAKERALARMDisconnected battery DALI 14EXTERNAL BATTERYALARMThermal fault DALI 15ALARM DC breaker fault DALI 16Door open DALI 17AC breaker fault DALI 18Surge DALI 19Spare DALI 20Not used DALI 21Not used DALI 22 to DALI 24

Board description Nortel Networks Confidential2--28PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksOrigin DALI numberAlarmNot used DALI 25 to DALI 27Not used DALI 28 to DALI 31Table 2--16 Unprotected external alarms(S12000 Outdoor BTS, base and extension cabinets)

Board descriptionNortel Networks Confidential 2--29S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networks2.3 ALPRO boardThe ALPRO board protects up to eight external alarms and up to two remotecontrols of the RECAL board.2.3.1 PrincipleThe external alarms and remote controls are intended to be connected to equipmentoutside the cabinets. This equipment may be connected, temporarily orpermanently, to outside line conductors affected by electrical disturbances. TheALPRO board protects against these disturbances.One ALPRO board protects half of the external interfaces available in the RECALboard. There may therefore be two ALPRO boards for one RECAL board.Depending on how many external alarms are used, one or two ALPRO boards maybe installed.2.3.2 DescriptionThe ALPRO board (see Figure 2--6 presented in S12000 Outdoor configuration)provides only secondary protection. Primary protection devices are associated withthe board to protect the lines themselves. A cable linking the board ground to acabinet ground bar discharges energy caused by outside disturbances.2.3.2.1 External alarm protection circuitThe first part of the external alarm protection circuit comprises a surge arrestor andthermal resistors, which protect the board against power surges and limit the currentin wires and connectors.The second part limits the voltage and current returning to the RECAL board. Itconsists of transils and thermal resistors.2.3.2.2 Remote control protection circuitThe first part of the remote control protection circuit comprises a surge arrestor andthermal resistors, which protect the board against power surges and limit the currentin wires and connectors.The second part protects the relays and connections of the RECAL board. It consistsmainly of thermal resistors.2.3.3 S12000 Outdoor BTS environmental conditionsThe ALPRO board is located in a sealed environment inside the skirting of thecabinet. It is designed to operate at temperatures between --40°C(--40°F) and +80°C(176°F).Two thermoresistors supplied with +5 V prevent condensation inside the case of theALPRO card.

Board description Nortel Networks Confidential2--30PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksNORTELFigure 2--6 ALPRO board

Board descriptionNortel Networks Confidential 2--31S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networks2.3.4 S12000 Indoor BTS environmental conditionsALPRO modules are located at the top of the radio cabinet. The precise location ispresented on the overview figure.2.3.5 ConnectorsThe ALPRO board has three connectors:A 25--pin male connector connects the ALPRO board to the RECAL board:Pin no. Purpose Pin no. Purpose14 DALE0 1ME15 ME 2DALE116 DALE3 3DALE217 DALE4 4ME18 ME 5DALE519 DALE7 6DALE620 7ME21 +5 V 822 ETC0B 9ETC0A23 MLC 10 +5 V24 ETC1B 11 ETC1A25 12 MLC13Legend:ETC Remote ControlDALE External Alarm Protected DetectionME External groundTable 2--17 ALPRO 25--pin connections

Board description Nortel Networks Confidential2--32PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksTwo 10--pin connectors connect the ALPRO board to the external alarms:Connector J1 Connector J21TC0A 1NALE42TC0B 2PALE43TC1A 3NALE34TC1B 4PALE35NALE7 5NALE26PALE7 6PALE27NALE6 7NALE18PALE6 8PALE19NALE5 9NALE010 PALE5 10 PALE0Table 2--18 ALPRO 10--pin connections

Board descriptionNortel Networks Confidential 2--33S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networks2.4 F--type converter2.4.1 PrincipleThe F--type converter converts a 48 V DC voltage into two power sources, --15 Vand +15 V. It powers the radio equipments such as the Low Noise Amplifiers(LNA), the variable gain amplifiers and the VSWR measuring devices.2.4.2 DescriptionThe F--type converter has a switch on its front panel that can be used to disconnectthe input voltage. It also has two outputs that can be connected in parallel withidentical outputs of another F--type converter.2.4.2.1 Input voltageNominal input voltage: 48 V (40.5 V to 57 V)2.4.2.2 Output voltagesThe two output voltages supplied by the converter are as follows:Source 1:Nominal voltage: +15 V Nominal current: 7 ASource 2:Nominal voltage: --15 V Nominal current: 4 AOutput voltages can be individually adjusted up to +15% and --5% of nominalvoltage.2.4.2.3 AlarmsSeveral alarm signals can be generated, in the following cases:One of the two output voltages is either lower than the Low Voltage Limit (LVL)or higher than the High Voltage Limit (HVL). These limit voltages are:•LVL: 13.25 V ±0.25 V•HVL: 18.5 V ±0.5 VThe switch on the front panel is set to “OFF”.The converter temperature is too high.Finally, an event alarm is generated when there is a logic OR between the otheralarms.

Board description Nortel Networks Confidential2--34PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networks2.4.3 Front panelThe F--type converter front panel has several connectors and LEDs (seeFigure 2--7).2.4.3.1 LEDsTwo green LEDs provide information on the status of the converter.2.4.3.2 ConnectorsTwo connectors are on the front panel of the converter:A female, Sub--D, 15--pin connector supplies output voltages and alarm signals.A male, 3W3, Sub--D connector receives input voltages.1GND215 V alarm3Switch “OFF” alarm4High temperature alarm5GND6-- 1 5 V a l a r m7GND8Event alarm9GND10 GND11 15 V12 15 V13 -- 1 5 V14 -- 1 5 V15 GNDTable 2--19 Output voltages and alarm signals connector1-- 4 8 V2Mechanical ground3+48 VTable 2--20 Input voltages connector

Board descriptionNortel Networks Confidential 2--35S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksTest pointsLEDsSwitchPower inPowerout/alarmsScrews--15V--15V0V+15V+15VIOFigure 2--7 F--type converter

Board description Nortel Networks Confidential2--36PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networks2.5 RF Combiner2.5.1 PrincipleThere are three types of RF Combiner modules:duplexer--only (D)hybrid two--way duplexer (H2D)hybrid four--way duplexer (H4D)The functional diagrams of each RF Combiner type are shown in Figure 2--8.Table 2--21 describes the components in each type of RF Combiner module.RF Combiner Type ContentsD-- Duplexer-- Reception Amplifier (LNA splitter)-- VSWR Meter (optional)H2D -- Duplexer-- Reception Amplifier (LNA splitter)Twowaytransmissioncoupling--Two--way transmission coupling(H2D)-- VSWR Meter (optional)H4D -- Duplexer-- Reception Amplifier (LNA splitter)-- Four--way transmission coupling(H4D)-- VSWR Meter (optional)Table 2--21 Content of RF Combiner modules2.5.1.1 DuplexerThe duplexer allows transmission and reception to occur on the same antenna. Thisreduces the number of antennas required for a cabinet. The duplexer also performsfiltering for reception and transmission.When no receive filtering or transmit coupling is required, then the Tx--Filter (TxF)module can be used instead of the duplexer.

Board descriptionNortel Networks Confidential 2--37S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksOffset OffsetDuplexer LNA--splitter+/--LNA-- 2 d BExt 0Ext 1Int 0Int 1RX inTX inRF combinerPower supply andthree alarmsAntennaEnvelopedetectorVSWRmeterToRX--splitterFromPAsFigure 2--8 Duplexer--only (D) RF Combiner diagram

Board description Nortel Networks Confidential2--38PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksOffset OffsetDuplexer LNA--splitter+/--LNA-- 2 d BExt 1Ext 2Int 1Int 2RX inTX in50 Ω50 Ω50 ΩPA in 1PA in 2RF combinerTX outPower supply andthree alarmsAntennaHybrid couplerEnvelopedetectorVSWRmeterToRX--splitterFrwReverseForwardFrome--PAsFigure 2--9 H2D RF Combiner diagram

Board descriptionNortel Networks Confidential 2--39S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksOffset OffsetDuplexer LNA--splitter+/--LNA-- 2 d BExt 0Ext 1Int 0Int 1RX inTX in50 ΩPA in 1PA in 2RF combinerPower supply andthree alarmsAntennaEnvelopedetectorVSWRmeter50 Ω50 ΩPA in 3PA in 4TX outHybridcouplerHybrid couplerHybrid couplerToRX--splitterFromPAsFigure 2--10 H4D RF Combiner diagram

Board description Nortel Networks Confidential2--40PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networks2.5.1.2 Reception amplifierThe reception signal amplifier, also called the LNA--splitter, has two functions:amplifies the signal from the antenna using a Low Noise Amplifier (LNA)splits the signal from the antenna into four signalsThe LNA--splitter has the following attenuation or gain values:The LNA has a nominal gain of 28.5 dB (GSM 850) and 32 dB (GSM 1900).The two splitter stages cause attenuation less than 7 dB.A 2 dB attenuator handles differences in cable attenuation between the twoextension outputs (EXT) and the two internal outputs (INT). The two extensionoutlets, which are not used at present, will make future configuration upgradespossible.The LNA--splitter is supplied with ±15 V DC (±5%) and its maximum currentconsumption is 370 mA (+ 15 V), 50 mA (-- 15 V). The module generates an alarmif LNA consumption deviates by more than 30% from the nominal value.On the front of the LNA--splitter board, there is a 9--pin male connector whose pinconnection is as follows:1-- 1 5 V20V3Alarm4Not used5+15V60V70V8Not used9+15VTable 2--22 Amplifier pin connections

Board descriptionNortel Networks Confidential 2--41S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networks2.5.1.3 Hybrid transmission couplingAccording to the hybrid coupling type, transmission coupling consists of a singlehybrid coupler for H2D configurations or three hybrid couplers mounted in twostages for H4D configurations.The two--way hybrid coupler (H2D) consists of:two isolators, one at each input port, which allows the protection of the PowerAmplifier (PA) against reflected signals, and also permits the isolation necessarybetween transmitters.a hybrid coupler, which combines two transmission signals on only one port.This subsystem is part of the RF Combiner module (H2D, or H4D).The maximum attenuation is an RF Combiner module is dedicated to one frequencyband.When any transmission coupling system is requested (in the case of one TRX perantenna), the Tx--Filter (Tx--F) module can be used with two duplexer--only (D)modules in order to provide Rx main and diversity signals.The Tx--Filter module is dedicated to one frequency band.Refer to Paragraph 2.6 “Tx--Filter module” on page 2--48 for information about theTx--Filter.2.5.1.4 VSWR--meterThe VSWR--meter can be included as an optional unit in the RF Combiner moduleor in the Tx--Filter module.The VSWR--meter allows the signal strength of the voltage standing wave ratio(VSWR) to be monitored on the antenna connector and to verify the connectionbetween the antenna and the BTS. This module needs BTS signals transmission tobe able to switch on (no alarm with “Receive antenna” only)The VSWR--meter receives transmitted and reflected signals sampled through twodirectional antennas located inside the duplexer unit or Tx--Filter unit.The transmit and receive signals are first converted into two DC voltages by usingenvelope detection. Two logarithmic amplifiers, one for transmit power signal, andone for reflected power signal, then amplify both converted signals.The two channels are added and subtracted to obtain the stationary wave ratio. Thisvalue is compared to three thresholds (1.7:1, 2:1, and 3:1), each of which triggersan alarm if it is exceeded.

Board description Nortel Networks Confidential2--42PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networks2.5.2 RF Combiner front panelsThe front panels of the RF Combiner types are shown in Figure 2--11to Figure 2--13.2.5.2.1 DuplexerThe duplexer connectors on the front panel of the RF Combiner are:a female 7/16 antenna connectora female N type transmission connectora female, SMA type connector (Rev)a female, SMA type connector (Fwd)A female, SMA type reception connector is present at the rear of the duplexer.2.5.2.2 LNA--splitterThe connectors on the LNA--splitter front panel are:two female, SMA type, output (EXT) connectors to the RX--splitter of theextension racktwo female, SMA type, RX--splitter output (INT) connectorsa male, 9--pin power supply connectorA female, SMA type, radio signal input connector is present at the rear of theLNA--splitter.2.5.2.3 Transmission couplingFor duplexer--only configurations, the transmission signal input connector on thefront panel is a female, N type connector (TX--in). Duplexer Tx input is describedhereafter.For H2D configurations, the connectors on the front panel are:two female, N type, transmission signal input connectors (PA in)a female, N type, output connector (TX--out)a female, N type input connector (TX--in). Duplexer Tx input is describedhereafter

Board descriptionNortel Networks Confidential 2--43S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksInt_0 Int_1 Ext_1Ext_0FwdAntennaPwr/AlarmTX_inRevVSWRFwdRevPwr/AlarmCables always providedwith VSWR meterScrewsFigure 2--11 Duplexer--only (D) RF Combiner

Board description Nortel Networks Confidential2--44PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksPwr/AlarmInt_0 Int_1 Ext_1Ext_0FwdAntennaPwr/AlarmTX_inPA_in PA _in TX_outRevVSWRFwdCables always providedwith VSWR meterRevScrewsFigure 2--12 Two--way hybrid duplexer (H2D) RF Combiner

Board descriptionNortel Networks Confidential 2--45S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksPwr/RevPwr/AlarmInt_0 Int_1 Ext_1Ext_0FwdRevAntennaTX_inTX_outPA_in PA_inPA_in PA_inAlarmVSWRFwdScrewsCables always providedwith VSWR meterFigure 2--13 Four--way hybrid duplexer (H4D 1800/900 Mhz) RF Combiner

Board description Nortel Networks Confidential2--46PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksPwr/RevPwr/AlarmInt_0 Int_1 Ext_1Ext_0FwdRevAntennaTX_inTX_outPA_in PA_inPA_in PA_inAlarmVSWRFwdScrewsFigure 2--14 Four--way hybrid duplexer (H4D 850/1900 MHz) RF Combiner

Board descriptionNortel Networks Confidential 2--47S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksFor H4D configurations, the connectors on the front panel are:four female, N type, transmission signal input connectors (PA--in)a female, N type, output connector (Tx--out)a female, N type, input connector (Tx--in). Duplexer Tx input is describedhereafter.2.5.2.4 VSWR--meterThe connectors on the VSWR--meter front panel are:a female, SMA type, reflected power connector (Rev)a female, SMA type, transmitted power connector (Fwd)a male 9--pin, sub--D connector for power supply and alarms, with the followingpin connection:1-- 1 5 V20V3Alarm 14Alarm 25+15V60V70V8Alarm 39+15VTable 2--23 VSWR pin connections

Board description Nortel Networks Confidential2--48PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networks2.6 Tx--Filter moduleThe purpose of the Tx--Filter (Tx--F) is to filter the transmitted signal and to protectthe power amplifier (PA). The Tx--F does not contain a transmission couplingsystem or a receiver filter.The Tx--Filter module is composed of (see Figure 2--15):a transceiver filter unita coupling system dedicated to the VSWR--meteran optional VSWR--meter that monitors the link between the BTS and theantenna.The Tx--Filter module is used with the duplexer--only RF Combiner (D) to extendconfigurations beyond two DRXs per cell. The Tx--Filter does not performreception functions and must be used with the RF Combiner (D) to ensure receptiondistribution.The Tx--Filter module can be equipped with an optional VSWR--meter which sharesthe same front panel so that there is only one unit to plug into the BTS rack.With or without the optional VSWR--meter, the Tx--Filter module is half the sizeof the two--way hybrid (H2D) and duplexer--only (D) RF Combiner.2.6.1 VSWR--meterThe function of the VSWR--meter (see Figure 2--16) is described in the section“RF Combiner”.The VSWR--meter connectors on the front panel of the Tx--Filter are the same asthose of the RF Combiner and are described in the section “RF Combinerconnectors”.Although the VSWR--meter delivers three alarm lines, only two are reported to theOMC--R because of COMICO constraints.These alarm thresholds correspond to 2:1 and 3:1 VSWR values.

Board descriptionNortel Networks Confidential 2--49S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksPA_INTestloop Fwd Rev Rev Fwd Pwr/AlarmAntennaScrewsFigure 2--15 Tx--Filter (Tx--F) module

Board description Nortel Networks Confidential2--50PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksVSWR--meter1TX in (from PA)2Antenna3AlarmsTXOptionalForward ReverseFigure 2--16 Tx--Filter (Tx--F) functional diagram

Board descriptionNortel Networks Confidential 2--51S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networks2.7 Compact BCF (CBCF) moduleThis section provides a functional and physical description of the CBCF Moduleand of the following CBCF Module boards:CPCMICMCF Phase2BCFICOCBPPOWER ICO2.7.1 Functional descriptionThe CBCF Module performs functions common for a site and also manages itsalarm management unit, the RECAL board.The base common functions of the BTS are performed by two main CBCF Moduleboards: the CMCF and the CPCMI.The CMCF Phase2 board performs the concentration, switching, andsynchronization functions of the BTS. The CPCMI board ensures the interfacebetween the external PCMs of the A--bis interface and the internal private PCMs.Private PCM links connect the CBCF (via the CMCF) to the other BTS components.The CBCF also uses private PCMs for internal communication between CBCFboards.The boards and their functions are identified in Table 2--24.Board* Function QuantityCPCMI ABIS double PCM link interface 1to3CMCFPhase2Concentration, routing, and synchronization 1or2BCFICO Interconnection between the CPCMI, CMCFPhase2boards and external communication links1CBP Interconnection between CPCMI, CMCF, and BCFICOboards1* Legend:CPCMI Compact PCM Interface CMCF Compact Main Common FunctionsBCFICO Base Common Functions Interconnection CBP CBCF Back PanelTable 2--24 CBCF module boards

Board description Nortel Networks Confidential2--52PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networks2.7.2 Physical descriptionAlthough the CBCF Module boards are fitted into a compact module, the CMCF,CPCMI, and BCFICO boards can be accessed from the front panel and replaced.The aim is to reduce the number of boards, to take advantage of the newtechnologies and to reach a high level of integration to allow software updating fromOMC without any intervention on the site.Figure 2--17 show the CBCF module front panel.

Board descriptionNortel Networks Confidential 2--53S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksFigure 2--17 S12000 BTS: CBCF module

Board description Nortel Networks Confidential2--54PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networks2.7.3 CPCMI Board2.7.3.1 S12000 CPCMI boardDepending on the requirements, the CBCF Module can contain one to three CPCMIboards.This Compact PCM interface board handles two PCMs. Both PCMs can be used forthe system Clock of the BTS.2.7.3.2 Functional descriptionThe CPCMI board ensures the interface between the external PCMs of the A--bisinterface and the internal private PCMs. This interfacing task corresponds to anelectrical level translation and a frame format conversion depending on the kind ofA--bis link (PCM E1/T1 or HDSL).There are two types of CPCMI boards available used in accordance with the typeof A--bis interface:CPCMI--E1CPCMI--T1The core of each board is generic and common to all, but each uses a different lineinterface.The CPCMI uses the n+1 redundancy scheme depending on:the number of required TSsthe drop and insert schemethe number of CPCMIs present in the package (three maximum)The functional characteristics of the E1 and T1 boards are summarized inTable 2--25.

Board descriptionNortel Networks Confidential 2--55S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksThe functional diagram of the CPCMI is shown in Figure 2--18.Function CPCMI-- E1 CPCMI--T1Reception gain adaptation X XExtraction of the binary rate for transmission tothe CMCFX XReception and transmission buffer on twoframes to allow frame alignmentX XTransmission alignment on the CMCF clock X XManagement of frame loss or doubling X XManagement of alarms, signalling, and loopcontrolX XSwitch configuration for 120 Ohms or 75 Ohms XCompliant with Recommendation G703 (HDB3line coding)XCompliant with the G823--G824 standard (jitterpermitted)XCRC4 Management XAdaptation of transmission to the cable length XCompliant with ANSI T1.403 and T1.102 (B8ZScoding)XManagement of frame format (SF or ESF) XCRC6 Management (for ESF) XAlignment of external T1 PCM rate and internalE1 PCM rateXTable 2--25 Functions of CPCMI--E1 and CPCMI--T1 boardsSynchronizationThe timing signal is extracted from the PCM clock and sent to the CMCF (RCLK).The local time is sent to the CMCF if there is no PCM timing signal (RCLK =HLOC).The CMCF selects one signal from the six received (one per PCM link) andredistributes it as a reference for all A--bis transmissions (TCLK). This signal is alsothe long term reference used to create the H4M timing reference.

Board description Nortel Networks Confidential2--56PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksLine interface Transceiver DriversHDLC controllerEPLDFEPROMSRAMInterface LEDsConfigurationswitchTransceiverLine interfaceProcessingunitReset logicTEI registerDebuginterfaceE1/T1DriversTEICMCFA--bisTransmission clockTransmission clockPCM0 receptionclockLocal clockPCM1 receptionclockLocal clockPrivatePCM0PrivatePCM1PCM1E1 or T1PCM0E1 or T1Figure 2--18 CPCMI board functional diagram

Board descriptionNortel Networks Confidential 2--57S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networks2.7.3.3 Physical descriptionProcessing UnitThe CPCMI processing unit has a rate of 4 MHz derived from a 16 MHz externaloscillator. It has a 128 Kbytes RAM capacity and a 16 Mbytes FEPROM capacity.O&M communication occurs using a LAP--D on TS0 of the private PCM MIC0.Front panelThe front panel contains the following:one Reset buttonten LEDseight connectorsThe CPCMI board is shown in Figure 2--19.LEDsThe LEDs used on the front panel of the CPCMI board are described in Table 2--26.Type No. ofLEDsLabel(color) Meaning (when lit)Board stateindicators1BIST (yellow) The built--in self--test isrunning or is stopped with adefault result.1+5 V (green) The power is on.1RDY (green) The board is operatingnormally.State indicators ofthe external PCMlik(Abi)1SKP (red) The FIFO skip indicator iscommontobothPCMs.link (A-- b i s ) 2LFA (red) The frame alignment is lost.One LFA per PCM link.2RRA (red) The receive remote alarm.One RRA per PCM link.2NOS (red) There is no signal. One NOSper PCM link.Table 2--26 LEDs on the front panel of the CPCMI board

Board description Nortel Networks Confidential2--58PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksScrewP13P11P10P9S2S1S3Figure 2--19 CPCMI board

Board descriptionNortel Networks Confidential 2--59S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksThe next table defines the relation between the PCM alarms and the front LEDstatus.According to the priority order, when the simultaneous alarms are detected, only thealarm with the highest priority is declared active.PCM alarms CPCMI LEDsDefinition Priority NOS RRA LFALOS:Loss Of Signal 1 (high) ON OFF OFFAIS: Alarm Indication Signal 2ON ON ONLFA:Loss of Frame Alignment 3OFF OFF ONFE:Frame Error 4ON ON OFFCRC:loss of multi--framealignment5OFF ON ONRAI: Remote AlarmIndication6(low) OFF ON OFF2.7.3.4 SwitchesThe switches are used to configure the following board characteristics:cable lengthline build outline coding modeframing modeFs/dl featureThe position of each switch is shown on Figure 2--20

Board description Nortel Networks Confidential2--60PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksP10ON (1)CRC/RESP9AMI/B8ZSFSDLLS2LS1LS0MT1MT0PCM1OFF (0)S2CRC/RESAMI/B8ZSFSDLLS2LS1LS0MT1MT0PCM0OFF (0)S1ON (1)120 ΩS30123456775 ΩP13P11Figure 2--20 CPCMI board: hardware switchesThe next tables summarize the settings of each switch of CPCMI board.S3 switch:S3 switch T1 type E1 type(0:3) -- =120: PCM1 120 Ω=75: PCM1 75 Ω(4:7) -- =120: PCM0 120 Ω=75: PCM0 75 ΩTable 2--27 CPCMI board: S3 switch

Board descriptionNortel Networks Confidential 2--61S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksS1andS2switches:S1 and S2 switches T1 board E1 boardMT1 MT0 Framingmode CRC mode FramingmodeCRCmode0 0 F4not available -- -- --0 1 SF (or D4)frame none single frame none1 0 ESF frame seeCRC/RES multi--frame CRC41 1 F72not available -- -- --S1 and S2 switches T1 board E1 boardLS2 LS1 LS0T1boardCable lengthE1boardLine Build Out000 0 to 133 feet / 0dB(0 to 40.58 meters) --001 133 to 266 feet(40.58 to 81.08 meters) --010 266 to 399 feet(81.08 to 121.61 meters) 75 Ω011 399 to 533 feet(121.61 to 162.46 meters) 120 Ω100 533 to 655 feet(162.46 to 199.64 meters) 120 Ω101 -- 7 . 5 d B --110 --15.0 dB 120 Ω111 --22.5 dB --S1 and S2 switches T1 board E1 boardFSDL =0 : FS/DL disabled=1 : FS/DL enabled --AMI/B8ZS =0 : AMI line coding=1 : B8ZS line coding --CRC/RES=0 : CRC decodingdisabled=1 : CRC decodingenabled--Table 2--28 CPCMI board: S1 and S2 switches

Board description Nortel Networks Confidential2--62PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networks2.7.3.5 ConnectorsThe CPCMI uses 12 connectors accessed from the following locations:on the front panel (8)inside the board (4)The connectors are identified in the table below.Access No. ofconnectors Label Type PurposeFront panel 2XL0 Transmission connectors for PCM0.(0) LP0 A closed loop connection used fortesting is attained by using one XL0and one RL0 connectors.2RL0 Reception connectors for PCM0.2XL1 Transmission connectors for PCM1(0) LP1 A closed loop connection used fortesting is attained by using one XL1and one RL1 connectors.2RL1 Reception connectors for PCM1.Inside theboard1P10(Debug)Sub--D 9--pin male Debugging connector that is onlyavailable during tests.1P9 (JTAG) HE10 10--pin male JTAG programming port used toprogram the EPLP prior to productdelivery.1P11 Millipack1 60--pinfemaleUsed for signals during nominaloperation. This connector is pluggedinto the CBP.1P13(POWER)Millipack 1 Power supply input. In this five--rowconnector, only rows A, C, and E areequipped with a power signal. Therows are staggered to allow theground connection. This connector isplugged into the CBP.Table 2--29 CPCMI board connectors

Board descriptionNortel Networks Confidential 2--63S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksPin connectionsThe pin connections and their significance for the CPCMI connectors are identifiedin Table 2--30 to Table 2--33.Pinno.Row EPurposePinno.Row DPurposePinno.Row CPurposePinno.Row BPurposePinno.Row APurpose12 H4M 12 MICE0 12 MICR0 12 MICE1 12 MICR111 NH4M 11 NMICE0 11 NMICR0 11 NMICE1 11 NMICR110 SY 10 HLOC 10 10 109NSY 9NLOC 9PSYT0 9PSYT1 9TCLK8 8 8 NSYT0 8NSYT1 8NTCLK7CONFIG0 7CONFIG1 7 7 76NCONFIG0 6NCONFIG1 6T1E1 6TEI1 6TEI05GND 5GND 5GND 5GND 5GND4 4 4 4 43PRPCM0 3NRPCM0 3 3 PRPCMI1 3NRPCM12 2 2 2 21PEPCM0 1NEPCM0 1 1 PEPCMI 1NEPCM1Legend:H4M, NH4M (V11, in) 4.096 MHz Clock received from the CMCFSY, NSY (V11, in) Synchro frame of Private PCMs from the CMCFHLOC, NHLOC (V11, in) Local clock (1.544 MHz or 2.048 MHz) from the CMCFMICE, NMICE (V11, in) Private PCM transmission toward the CMCFMICR, NMCIR (V11, in) External PCM reception from the CMCFTCLK, NTCLK (V11, in) External PCM transmission clock from the CMCFCONFIG, NCONFIG (V11, in) Configuration to the CMCFT1E1 (TTL, out) T1 or E1 toward the CMCFTEI (TTL, in) Position of the board in the shelf received from the CBPPRPCM, NRPCM (in) External PCM receptionPEPCM, NEPCM (out) External PCM transmissionTable 2--30 Pin connections of the P11 connector

Board description Nortel Networks Confidential2--64PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksPinno.Row EPurposePinno.Row DPurposePinno.Row CPurposePinno.Row BPurposePinno.Row APurpose6GND 6 6 +48 V 6 6 -- 4 8 V5GND 5 5 +48 V 5 5 -- 4 8 V4GND 4 4 +48 V 4 4 -- 4 8 V3GND 3 3 +48 V 3 3 -- 4 8 V2GND 2 2 +48 V 2 2 -- 4 8 V1GND 1 1 +48 V 1 1 -- 4 8 VLegend:GND Common logical groundTable 2--31 Pin connections of the P13 connector (Power)Pinno. Purpose Pinno. Purpose6 1 GND7 2 RXDBG8 3 TXDBG9 4 PCBUG05GNDLegend:RXDBG (RS232, in) Reception DebugTXDBG (RS232, out) Transmission DebugPCBUG0 (TTL, in) Console presenceTable 2--32 Pin connections of the P10 connector (Debug)

Board descriptionNortel Networks Confidential 2--65S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksPinno. Purpose Pinno. Purpose1TCK 2GND3TDO 45TMS 67 89TDI 10 GNDLegend:TCK (in) ISP Programming signalTDO (out) ISP Programming signalTMS (in) ISP Programming signalTDI (in) ISP Programming signalTable 2--33 Pin connections of the P9 connector (JTAG)Electrical characteristicsThe CPCMI board is powered by a nominal --48 V DC supply.A10 W converter on the board supplies the +5 V at a maximum level of 1 A.

Board description Nortel Networks Confidential2--66PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networks2.7.4 CMCF boardThe CBCF Module contains one or two CMCF boards. One CMCF board allowsoperation in simplex mode, while two CMCF boards provide fully redundantduplex operations.2.7.4.1 Functional descriptionThe CMCF Phase2 board performs the following functions:synchronization of the BTS, through•selection of PCM clock•PCM link frequency measurement•input of external clock•generation of the reference frequency for the DRXs•generation of GSM Timeswitchingsignalling concentrationcommunication with the BSC and with O&M slaves (e.g. DRX, CPCMI,RECAL)2.7.4.2 Synchronization (SYN)An oscillator provides the SYN function. The slave CMCF operates in aphase--locked loop so that its H4M clock is in phase with the master CMCF. Thisensures that synchronization is maintained during a CMCF switchover.GSM TimeThe processing unit writes the GSM time (72 bits) every 60 ms and the value isstored in the matrix at a rate of one bit per frame. Both the master and slave CMCFre--read the information in the matrix of the master CMCF, which ensures that GSMtime is synchronized on both CMCF Phase2 boards.

Board descriptionNortel Networks Confidential 2--67S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networks2.7.4.3 Physical descriptionThe CMCF Phase2 board contains the following parts:a master processing unit (33 MHz) that manages•8 Mbytes DRAM•4 Mbytes FLASH•one Ethernet link•one watchdog•32 64 Kbit/s HDLC links on one PCM•one RS232 test link•PCM switching matrix•one EPLD with configuration registers•I/O portsa slave processing unit (33 MHz) that manages•one RS232 provisional link•32 64Kbit HDLC links on one PCM•one inter--CMCF 64 Kbit/s HDLC link•I/O portsDC--DC converters with filters that provide 5 V, 12 V, and 3.3 Va SYN function that synchronizes itself on one of the six signals received fromthe CPCMIa system that synchronizes the PCM clocks and switchover of both CMCFPhase2 boardsa system that allows the synchronous transmission of GSM time on both CMCFPhase2 boardsa system that measure the frequency of clock inputsa 16 x 16 PCM switching matrixa “silence” junctor to emit the A--bis silence codea test system that allows the verification of PCM time slotsa 4--bit TEI registeran 8--bit register that encodes the position of 4 mini--switches (WDEnable/Disable, Normal/Maintenance, etc.)a chain switchover system

Board description Nortel Networks Confidential2--68PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksElectrical characteristicsThe CMCF Phase2 board receives a 48 V DC power supply and generates otherrequired voltages from this single source.The CMCF Phase2 board owns one DC--DC converter only to create 5 V. Thanksto regulators, 12 V, 3.3 V and 2.5 V derive from 5 V.The 5 V power supply is required for most CMCF components, including bothprocessing units. It has an 12 W power consumption. Therefore, a converter runningat 80% will dissipate about 2.5 W.The oscillator and DAC parts of the CMCF Phase2 board require a 12 V powersupply. The oscillator consumes 1 W during maintenance and up to 10 W in itspreheating phase.The 3.3 V power supply is used strictly for the DRAM.SynchronizationThe CMCF provides synchronization for the radio part of the BTS.The CMCF hardware allows the selection of a clock from the following sources:six clock signals taken from external PCM links (from the CPCMI)CMCF master clockThe long term stability of the external PCM link clock ensures the accuracy andstability required.A frequency meter function on the CMCF Phase2 board measures the clocks todetermine their validity.GSM Time channelThe SYN function generates and distributes the GSM--time channel on the PrivatePCM. The GSM--time is the local BTS time, so the counters are arbitrarily set to zeroafter turning on the CMCF.The GSM time channel emission is dedicated to a special hardware system.Synchronization between master and slave processing unitsThe master processing unit fully synchronizes the slave processing unit.Fully synchronous GSM--time emission is performed through a pulse signal sentfrom the Master GSM--time generation hardware system to the slave system.External synchronization connectionAn external synchronization interface is provided directly on the SYN part of theCMCF. The software selects the synchronization origin.

Board descriptionNortel Networks Confidential 2--69S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksFront panelThe front panel of the CMCF contains the following:a Reset button16 LEDstwo connectorsThe Reset button allows a hard reset of the board.The front panel of the CMCF Phase2 board is shown in Figure 2--21.LEDsTable 2--34 describes the LEDs on the front panel of the CMCF Phase2 board.Type LED (color) Meaning (when lit)Board state indicators BIST (yellow) The built--in self--test is running or is stopped witha default result.ON (green) The board is operating and is providing a PCMclock.ABIS (green) The A--bis link is setup.+5 V (green) The power is on.RDY (green) The board is ready to become operational.RUN (green) The applicative software is mounted.State indicators of the externalPCMlik(Abi)OVEN (yellow) The OVCXO is in its preheating phase.PCM link (A-- b i s ) LOCKED (vert) The SYN function is synchronized.HLDVR (red) The SYN function is operating on a local clock.CLK0 (green) Indicates the clock source.CLK1 (green) Indicates the clock source.CLK2 (green) Indicates the clock source.LNK (green) The Ethernet link is established.TX (yellow) There is a transmission on the Ethernet link.State indicators of the externalPCMlik(Abi)COL (red) There is a collision on the Ethernet link.PCM link (A-- b i s ) RX (yellow) There is a reception on the Ethernet link.Table 2--34 LEDs on the front panel of the CMCF Phase2 Board

Board description Nortel Networks Confidential2--70PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksP3P1P2ScrewJ3BDMJ4JTAGP4Figure 2--21 CMCF Phase2 board

Board descriptionNortel Networks Confidential 2--71S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networks2.7.4.4 ConnectorsThe CMCF uses eight connectors accessed from the following locations:on the front panel (two)inside the board (six)The connectors are identified in Table 2--35.Access Connector Type PurposeFront panel TEST Sub--D 15--pin male, high density Connector used for debugging, RACEaccess, BDM, test clocks, andOCVCXO.ETH RJ45 Connector used to connect theEthernet link.Inside thebdJ3 BDM HE10 10--pin maleboard J4 JTAG HE10 10--pin male Connector used to program theEPLD.P1 60--pin male Connector that plugs into the CBP.P2 60--pin male Connector that plugs into the CBP.P3 60--pin male Connector that plugs into the CBP.P4 (power) 10--pin Power supply connector, whichconnects to the CBP.Table 2--35 CMCF Phase2 board connectors

Board description Nortel Networks Confidential2--72PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksPin connectionsThe pin connections and their significance for the CMCF connectors are identifiedin Table 2--36 to Table 2--43.Pinno. Purpose Pinno. Purpose Pinno. Purpose1NRESETH 6NDS 11 NBERR2FREEZE 7BKPT 12 IFETCH3GND 8IPIPE0 13 CLKREFIN4TX 9RX 14 TCLK5VCO 10 PRESCONS 15 H4MLegend:NRESETH Used for the BDMFREEZE Used for BDMGND GroundTX Debug and RACEVCO OCVCXO Voltage controlNDS Used for BDMBKPT Used for BDMIPIPE0 Used for debug and RACERX Debug (Console presence)RX Used for BDMPRESCONS Used for BDMCLKREFIN Selected reference clockTCLK PCM transmission clockH4M Private PCM clockTable 2--36 Pin connections of the TEST connectorPin no. Purpose Used for1T+ Output pair +2T-- Output pair --3R+ Input pair +4R-- Input pair --Table 2--37 Pin connections of the ETH connector

Board descriptionNortel Networks Confidential 2--73S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksPinno. Purpose Pinno. Purpose1/DS 6FREEZE2/BERR 7/RESETH3GND 8DSI4/BKP 9NC5GND 10 DSOLegend:/DS Data strobe I/O Input/BERR Bus error output signalGND Electrical ground/BKP Clock output signalGND Electrical groundFREEZE Break point acknowledge output signal/RESETH Reset IO signalDSI Serial data input signalNC Not connectedDSO Serial data output signalTable 2--38 Pin connections of the J3 (BDM) connectorPinno. Purpose Pinno. Purpose1TCK 62GND 7Reset3TDO 84VCC 9Data in5TMS 10 GroundLegend:TCK ClockGND GroundTDO Data outVCC Power supplyTMS SelectionTRST ResetTDI Data inTable 2--39 Pin connections of the J4 (JTAG) Connector

Board description Nortel Networks Confidential2--74PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksPinno.Row APurposePinno.Row BPurposePinno.Row CPurposePinno.Row DPurposePinno.Row EPurpose12 GND 12 GND 12 GND 12 GND 12 GND11 RS232TX 11 11 P5 V 11 11 RS232RX10 RS232SP1 10 RS232SP2 10 E1T1 10 RS232SP3 10 RE232SP49 9 9 GND 9 98GPSCLK 8NGPSCLK 8GND 8 87PSYT00 7NSYT00 7TCLK 7CONFIG00 7NCONFIG006PSYT10 6NSYT10 6NTCLK 6CONFIG10 6NCONFIG105PSYT01 5NSYT01 5SY 5CONFIG01 5NCONFIG014PSYT11 4NSYT11 4NSY 4CONFIG11 4NCONFIG113PSYT02 3NSYT02 3H4M 3CONFIG02 3NCONFIG022PSYT12 2NSYT12 2NH4M 2CONFIG12 2NCONFIG121PLUG2 1GND 1GND 1GND 1PLUG3Table 2--40 Pin connections of the P1 connectorPinno.Row APurposePinno.Row BPurposePinno.Row CPurposePinno.Row DPurposePinno.Row EPurpose12 MICE0 12 NMICE0 12 SY0 12 MICR0 12 NMICR011 MICE1 11 NMICE1 11 NSY0 11 MICR1 11 NMICR110 MICE2 10 NMICE2 10 H4M0 10 MICR2 10 NMICR29MICE3 9NMICE3 9NH4M0 9MICR3 9NMICR38MICE4 8NMICE4 8SY1 8MICR4 8NMICR47MICE5 7NMICE5 7NSY1 7MICR5 7NMICR56MICE6 6NMICE6 6H4M1 6MICR6 6NMICR65MICE7 5NMICE7 5NH4M1 5MICR7 5NMICR74MICE8 4NMICE8 4SY2 4MICR8 4NMICR83MICE9 3NMICE9 3NSY2 3MICR9 3NMICR92MICE10 2NMICE10 2H4M2 2MICR10 2NMICR101MICE11 1NMICE11 1NH4M2 1MICR11 1NMICR11Table 2--41 Pin connections of the P2 connector

Board descriptionNortel Networks Confidential 2--75S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksPinno.Row APurposePinno.Row BPurposePinno.Row CPurposePinno.Row DPurposePinno.Row EPurpose12 PLUG0 12 GND 12 GND 12 GND 12 PLUG111 SCOUT 11 11 SCIN 11 11 CMCFOUT10 NSCOUT 10 10 NSCIN 10 10 NCMCFOUT9GND 9GND 9CMCFIN 9GND 9GND8RXD 8NRXD 8NCMCFIN 8RXCLK 8NRXCLK7TXD 7NTXD 7 7 TXCLK 7NTXCLK6 6 6 6 65 5 5 5 54GSMIN 4NGSMIN 4 4 GSMOUT 4NGSMOUT3GSMSYIN 3NGSMSYIN 3GND 3GSMSYOUT3 NGSMSYOUT2TWI0 2TEI1 2AOUB 2TEI2 2TEI31GND 1GND 1GND 1GND 1GNDTable 2--42 Pin connections of the P3 connectorPinno.Row APurposePinno.Row BPurposePinno.Row CPurposePinno.Row DPurposePinno.Row EPurpose1GND 1 1 0V 1 1 -- 4 8 V2GND 2 2 0V 2 2 -- 4 8 VLegend:GND Common logical groundTable 2--43 Pin connections of the P4 (Power) connector2.7.4.5 Electrical characteristicsThe CMCF is powered by a nominal dc --48 V power supply. The acceptable rangeis from 36 V to 72 V.The maximum power consumption of the board is 0.7 A.

Board description Nortel Networks Confidential2--76PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networks2.7.5 BCFICO board2.7.5.1 Functional descriptionThe BCFICO board allows the reception and transmission of external signalstowards the CMCF and CPCMI boards.The coding of TEI signals can be set using the switched pull--down resistor insidethe BCFICO board.2.7.5.2 Physical descriptionThe BCFICO contains the following:six connectors on the front panelfour connectors inside the boardone switch register inside the boardThe BCFICO board is shown in Figure 2--22.The connectors are identified in Table 2--44 and the register is described in theSection “Switch register”.Access Connector Type PurposeFront panel PCM0/1 Sub--D, 25--pin female Connectors used for Private PCM links 0 and1. Connected to J8 on the inside of theboard.PCM2/3 Sub--D, 25--pin female Connectors used for Private PCM links 2 and3. Connected to J8 on the inside of theboardPCM4/5 Sub--D, 25--pin female Connectors used for Private PCM links 4 and5. Connected to J5 on the inside of theboardABIS Sub--D 25--pin male Connected to J5 on the inside of the board.PWR Sub--D, 3--pin male +48 V dc power supply connector.Connected to the J3 connector on the insideof the board.RS232 Sub--D, 9--pin male Connected to the J1 connector on the insideof the board.Inside theboardJ2 10--pin female Power supply connector, which is pluggedinto the CBP.J4 60--pin female Connecter that is plugged into the CBP.J6 60--pin female Connecter that is plugged into the CBP.J7 60--pin female Connecter that is plugged into the CBP.Table 2--44 BCFICO board connectors

Board descriptionNortel Networks Confidential 2--77S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksJ2J7J6J4234TEI01ONTEI1TEI2TEI3S110Figure 2--22 BCFICO board

Board description Nortel Networks Confidential2--78PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networks2.7.5.3 Pin connectionsThe pin connections of the BCFICO connectors are identified in Table 2--45 toTable 2--54.Pinno. Purpose Pinno. Purpose1SEL4 14 NSEL42SEL5 15 NSEL53SEL6 16 NSEL64SEL7 17 NSEL75GND 18 GND6GND 19 GND7MICE0 20 NMICE08MICE1 21 NMICE19MICR0 22 NMICR010 MICR1 23 NMICR111 PH40 24 NH4012 PSY0 25 NSY013 GNDTable 2--45 PCM0/1 pin connections

Board descriptionNortel Networks Confidential 2--79S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksPinno. Purpose Pinno. Purpose1SEL14 14 NSEL142SEL15 15 NSEL153SEL16 16 NSEL164SEL17 17 NSEL175GND 18 GND6GND 19 GND7MICE2 20 NMICE28MICE3 21 NMICE39MICR2 22 NMICR210 MICR3 23 NMICR311 PH41 24 NH4112 PSY1 25 NSY113 GNDTable 2--46 PCM2/3 pin connectionsPinno. Purpose Pinno. Purpose1SEL24 14 NSEL242SEL25 15 NSEL253SEL26 16 NSEL264SEL27 17 NSEL275GND 18 GND6GND 19 GND7MICE4 20 NMICE48MICE5 21 NMICE59MICR4 22 NMICR410 MICR5 23 NMICR511 PH42 24 NH4212 PSY2 25 NSY213 GNDTable 2--47 PCM4/5 pin connections

Board description Nortel Networks Confidential2--80PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksPinno. Purpose Pinno. Purpose1EHDB0 14 EHDB32NEHDB0 15 NEHDB33RHDB0 16 RHDB34NRHDB0 17 NRHDB35EHDB1 18 EHDB46NEHDB1 19 NEHDB47RHDB1 20 RHDB48NRHDB1 21 NRHDB49EHDB2 22 EHDB510 NEHDB2 23 NEHDB511 RHDB2 24 RHDB512 NRHDB2 25 NRHDB513Table 2--48 ABIS pin connectionsPinno. Purpose1(--)48 V2GND3(+)48 VTable 2--49 PWR pin connections

Board descriptionNortel Networks Confidential 2--81S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksPinno. Purpose1RS232SP22RS232RX3RS232TX4RS232SP15GND6RS232SP37RS232SP48GPSCLK9NGPSCLKTable 2--50 RS232 pin connectionsA B C D E1(--)48 V (+)48 V GND2(--)48 V (+)48 V GND3(--)48 V (+)48 V GND4(--)48 V (+)48 V GND5(--)48 V (+)48 V GND6(--)48 V (+)48 V GNDTable 2--51 J2 pin connections

Board description Nortel Networks Confidential2--82PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksA B C D E1211 NRHDB1 RHDB1 NRHDB0 RHDB0109NEHDB1 EHDB1 NEHDB0 EHDB087NRHDB3 RHDB3 NRHDB2 RHDB265NEHDB3 EHDB3 NEHDB2 EHDB243NRHDB5 RHDB5 NRHDB4 RHDB421NEHDB5 EHDB5 NEHDB4 EHDB4Table 2--52 J4 pin connectionsA B C D E12 GND GND +5 V GND GND11 RS232RX RS232SP3 GND RS232SP2 RS232TX10 RS232SP4 NGPSCLK GND GPSCLK RS232SP19TEI3 TEI2 TEI1 TEI0 TEI208TEI00 TEI01 NAOUB TEI117GND GND GND NHLOC HLOC6NCONFIG00 CONFIG00 TCLK NSYT00 PSYT005NCONFIG10 CONFIG10 NTCLK NSYT10 PSYT104NCONFIG01 CONFIG01 PSY NSYT01 PSYT013NCONFIG11 CONFIG11 NSY NSYT11 PSYT112NCONFIG02 CONFIG02 PH4 NSYT02 PSYT021NCONFIG12 CONFIG12 NH4 NSYT12 PSYT12Table 2--53 J6 pin connections

Board descriptionNortel Networks Confidential 2--83S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksA B C D E12 NMICR0 MICR0 PSY0 NMICE0 MICE011 NMICR1 MICR1 NSY0 NMICE1 MICE110 NMICR2 MICR2 PH40 NMICE2 MICE29NMICR3 MICR3 NH40 NMICE3 MICE38NMICR4 MICR4 PSY1 NMICE4 MICE47NMICR5 MICR5 NSY1 NMICE5 MICE56PH41 NMICE6 MICE65NH41 NMICE7 MICE74PSY2 NMICE8 MICE83NSY2 NMICE9 MICE92PH42 NMICE10 MICE101NH42 NMICE11 MICE11Table 2--54 J7 pin connections

Board description Nortel Networks Confidential2--84PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networks2.7.5.4 Switch resistorThe TEI signals can be configured by setting the switch pull--down register insideinside the BCFICO in the positions indicated in Table 2--55.Signalname Link Connector pin termination LogicalcodeTEI00TEI01to CPCMI0to CPCMI0grounded on CBPgrounded on CBP00TEI10TEI11to CPCMI1to CPCMI1left unconnectedgrounded on CBP10TEI20TEI21to CPCMI2to CPCMI2grounded on CBPleft unconnected01TEI0TEI1TEI2TEI3to2CMCFto2CMCFto2CMCFto2CMCFpull--down serial mounted with a switch onBCFICOpull--down serial mounted with a switch onBCFICOpull--down serial mounted with a switch onBCFICOpull--down serial mounted with a switch onBCFICO0or10or10or10or1AOUBNAOUBto CMCF_Ato CMCF_Bleft unconnected.grounded on CBP10Table 2--55 TEI Resistor coding on the switch register

Board descriptionNortel Networks Confidential 2--85S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networks2.7.5.5 TEI configurationWIth the TEI0 to TEI3 (S1) switches of the CBCICO board (voir Figure 2--22) youcan update the TEI configuration as described in the following table :TEI number TEI0switchTEI1switchTEI2switchTEI3switch01 1 1 111 1 1 021 1 0 131 1 0 041 0 1 151 0 1 061 0 0 171 0 0 080 1 1 190 1 1 010 0 1 0 111 0 1 0 012 0 0 1 113 0 0 1 014 0 0 0 115 0 0 0 0Key:0 : Indicates that the switch is in the “ON“ position1 : Indicates that the switch is in the “OFF“ positionNote: The gray line indicates the factory setting.Table 2--56 TEI configuration

Board description Nortel Networks Confidential2--86PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networks2.7.5.6 Interfaces specificationsThe 48 V power supply is connected to the MAINICO board via power terminals.screw:M1 Mechanical ground connected to the DRXs PUPS output ground.M2 --48 V supplyM3 0 V supplyeach 48 V DRX Power connector is protected by a 2A fuse.2.7.6 CBCF Back Panel (CBP)2.7.6.1 Functional descriptionThe CBCF Back Panel (CBP) provides the interconnection between the followingCBCF Module boards:two CMCFsthree CPCMIsone BCFICO2.7.6.2 Physical descriptionThe CBP contains the following six connectors:two CMCF signal connectors•CMCF_A•CMCF_Bthree CPCMI signal connectors•CPCMI_0•CPCMI_1•CPCMI_2one BCFICO connectorThe CBP board and its connectors are shown in Figure 2--23.

Board descriptionNortel Networks Confidential 2--87S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksSIGN1CSIGN2CSIGN1BSIGN2BSIGN1ASIGN2AAL1AL2AL3AL4AL5AL6SIGN6ASIGN6BSIGN6CABCDECMCF_BconnectorsBCFICOconnectorsCPCMI_2connectorsCMCF_AconnectorsCPCMI_0connectorsCPCMI_1connectorsACE ACEABCDE ABCDE ABCDEACEACE ACE ACEABCDE ABCDE ABCDESIGN3 SIGN4 SIGN5Figure 2--23 CBP board

Board description Nortel Networks Confidential2--88PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networks2.7.6.3 Pin connectionsThe pin connections of the CBP connectors are identified in Table 2--57 toTable 2--69.A B C D E12 PLUGA0 GND GND GND PLUGA011 CMCFAB SCBA SCAB10 NCMCFAB NSCBA NSCAB9GND GND CMCFBA GND GND8NCLKBA CLKBA NCMCFBA NDATBA DATBA7NCLKAB CLKAB NDATAB DATAB654NGSMAB GSMAB NGSMBA GSMBA3NGSMSYAB GSMSYAB GND NGSMSYBA GSMSYBA2TEI3 TEI2 AOUB TEI1 TEI01GND GND GND GND GNDTable 2--57 CMCF_A (Sign1A) pin connections

Board descriptionNortel Networks Confidential 2--89S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksA B C D E12 NMICR0 MICR0 PSY0 NMICE0 MICE011 NMICR1 MICR1 NSY0 NMICE1 MICE110 NMICR2 MICR2 PH40 NMICE2 MICE29NMICR3 MICR3 NH40 NMICE3 MICE38NMICR4 MICR4 PSY1 NMICE4 MICE47NMICR5 MICR5 NSY1 NMICE5 MICE56NMICR6 MICR6 PH41 NMICE6 MICE65NMICR7 MICR7 NH41 NMICE7 MICE74NMICR8 MICR8 PSY2 NMICE8 MICE83NMICR9 MICR9 NSY2 NMICE9 MICE92NMICR10 MICR10 PH42 NMICE10 MICE101NMICR11 MICR11 NH42 NMICE11 MICE11Table 2--58 CMCF_A (Sign1B) pin connectionsA B C D E12 GND GND GND GND GND11 RS232RX +5 V RS232TX10 RS232SP4 RS232SP3 E1T1 RS232SP2 RS232SP19HLOC8NHLOC NGPSCLK GPSCLK7NCONFIG00 CONFIG00 TCLK NSYT00 PSYT006NCONFIG10 CONFIG10 NTCLK NSYT10 PSYT105NCONFIG01 CONFIG01 PSY NSYT01 PSYT014NCONFIG11 CONFIG11 NSY NSYT11 PSYT113NCONFIG02 CONFIG02 PH4 NSYT02 PSYT022NCONFIG12 CONFIG12 NH4 NSYT12 PSYT121PLUGA1 GND GND GND PLUGA1Table 2--59 CMCF_A (Sign1C) pin connections

Board description Nortel Networks Confidential2--90PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksA B C D E12 PLUGB0 GND GND GND PLUGB011 CMCFBA SCAB SCBA10 NCMCFBA NSCAB NSCBA9GND GND CMCFAB GND GND8NCLKAB CLKAB NCMCFAB NDATAB DATAB7NCLKBA CLKBA NDATBA DATBA654NGSMBA GSMBA NGSMAB GSMAB3NGSMSYBA GSMSYBA GND NGSMSYAB GSMSYAB2TEI3 TEI2 NAOUB TEI1 TEI01GND GND GND GND GNDTable 2--60 CMCF_B (Sign2A) pin connectionsA B C D E12 NMICR0 MICR0 PSY0 NMICE0 MICE011 NMICR1 MICR1 NSY0 NMICE1 MICE110 NMICR2 MICR2 PH40 NMICE2 MICE29NMICR3 MICR3 NH40 NMICE3 MICE38NMICR4 MICR4 PSY1 NMICE4 MICE47NMICR5 MICR5 NSY1 NMICE5 MICE56NMICR6 MICR6 PH41 NMICE6 MICE65NMICR7 MICR7 NH41 NMICE7 MICE74NMICR8 MICR8 PSY2 NMICE8 MICE83NMICR9 MICR9 NSY2 NMICE9 MICE92NMICR10 MICR10 PH42 NMICE10 MICE101NMICR11 MICR11 NH42 NMICE11 MICE11Table 2--61 CMCF_B (Sign2B) pin connections

Board descriptionNortel Networks Confidential 2--91S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksA B C D E12 GND GND GND GND GND11 RS232RX +5 V RS232TX10 RS232SP4 RS232SP3 E1T1 RS232SP2 RS232SP19HLOC8NHLOC NGPSCLK GPSCLK7NCONFIG00 CONFIG00 TCLK NSYT00 PSYT006NCONFIG10 CONFIG10 NTCLK NSYT10 PSYT105NCONFIG01 CONFIG01 PSY NSYT01 PSYT014NCONFIG11 CONFIG11 NSY NSYT11 PSYT113NCONFIG02 CONFIG02 PH4 NSYT02 PSYT022NCONFIG12 CONFIG12 NH4 NSYT12 PSYT121PLUGB1 GND GND GND PLUGB1Table 2--62 CMCF_B (Sign2C) pin connectionsA B C D E1NEHDB1 EHDB1 NEHDB0 EHDB023NRHDB1 RHDB1 NRHDB0 RHDB045GND GND GND GND GND6TEI01 TEI00 E1T1 NCONFIG10 NCONFIG007CONFIG10 CONFIG008NTCLK NSYT10 NSYT009TCLK PSYT10 PSYT00 NHLOC NSY10 HLOC PSY11 NMICR7 NMICE7 NMICR6 NMICE6 NH412 MICR7 MICE7 MICR6 MICE6 PH4Table 2--63 CPCMI_0 (Sign3) pin connections

Board description Nortel Networks Confidential2--92PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksA B C D E1NEHDB3 EHDB3 NEHDB2 EHDB223NRHDB3 RHDB3 NRHDB2 RHDB245GND GND GND GND GND6TEI11 TEI10 E1T1 NCONFIG11 NCONFIG017CONFIG11 CONFIG018NTCLK NSYT11 NSYT019TCLK PSYT11 PSYT01 NHLOC NSY10 HLOC PSY11 NMICR9 NMICE9 NMICR8 NMICE8 NH412 MICR9 MICE9 MICR8 MICE8 PH4Table 2--64 CPCMI_1 (Sign 4) pin connectionsA B C D E1NEHDB5 EHDB5 NEHDB4 EHDB423NRHDB5 RHDB5 NRHDB4 RHDB445GND GND GND GND GND6TEI21 TEI20 E1T1 NCONFIG12 NCONFIG027CONFIG12 CONFIG028NTCLK NSYT12 NSYT029TCLK PSYT12 PSYT02 NHLOC NSY10 HLOC PSY11 NMICR11 NMICE11 NMICR10 NMICE10 NH412 MICR11 MICE11 MICR10 MICE10 PH4Table 2--65 CPCMI_2 (Sign 5) pin connections

Board descriptionNortel Networks Confidential 2--93S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksA B C D E12 NMICR0 MICR0 PSY0 NMICE0 MICE011 NMICR1 MICR1 NSY0 NMICE1 MICE110 NMICR2 MICR2 PH40 NMICE2 MICE29NMICR3 MICR3 NH40 NMICE3 MICE38NMICR4 MICR4 PSY1 NMICE4 MICE47NMICR5 MICR5 NSY1 NMICE5 MICE56PH41 NMICE6 MICE65NH41 NMICE7 MICE74PSY2 NMICE8 MICE83NSY2 NMICE9 MICE92PH42 NMICE10 MICE101NH42 NMICE11 MICE11Table 2--66 BCFICO (Sign6A) pin connectionsA B C D E12 GND GND +5 V GND GND11 RS232RX RS232SP3 GND RS232SP2 RS232TX10 RS232SP4 NGPSCLK GND GPSCLK RS232SP19TEI3 TEI2 TEI1 TEI0 TEI208TEI00 TEI01 NAOUB TEI117GND GND GND NHLOC HLOC6NCONFIG00 CONFIG00 TCLK NSYT00 PSYT005NCONFIG10 CONFIG10 NTCLK NSYT10 PSYT104NCONFIG01 CONFIG01 PSY NSYT01 PSYT013NCONFIG11 CONFIG11 NSY NSYT11 PSYT112NCONFIG02 CONFIG02 PH4 NSYT02 PSYT021NCONFIG12 CONFIG12 NH4 NSYT12 PSYT12Table 2--67 BCFICO (Sign6B) pin connections

Board description Nortel Networks Confidential2--94PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksA B C D E1211 NRHDB1 RHDB1 NRHDB0 RHDB0109NEHDB1 EHDB1 NEHDB0 EHDB087NRHDB3 RHDB3 NRHDB2 RHDB265NEHDB3 EHDB3 NEHDB2 EHDB243NRHDB5 RHDB5 NRHDB4 RHDB421NEHDB5 EHDB5 NEHDB4 EHDB4Table 2--68 BCFICO (Sign6C) pin connectionsA B C D E1-- 4 8 V +48 V GND2-- 4 8 V +48 V GND3-- 4 8 V +48 V GND4-- 4 8 V +48 V GND5-- 4 8 V +48 V GND6-- 4 8 V +48 V GNDTable 2--69 AL1, AL2, AL3, AL4, AL5, AL6 pin connections(Power voltage connectors)

Board descriptionNortel Networks Confidential 2--95S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networks2.8 DRX, e--DRX, or DRX--ND3 moduleThe module processes reception and transmission signals. It has a receive sensitivityof --110 dBm or --108 dBm.2.8.1 DRX front panelThe DRX front panel has the following elements (see Figure 2--24):a 26--pin power supply connector (PWR)a 66--pin connector for the private PCM (FH--PCM)a 50--pin test connector (TEST)a transmission signal output (TX OUT)a diversity reception signal input (RXD IN)a main reception signal input (RXM IN)12 LEDs:•+5 V: Power supply•RES1: (Reserved)•ALA: Alarm•DRX: DRX general status•AMNU: AMNU status•SPU: SPU or RX status•BDT: BDT status•TX: TX status•LI: Ethernet connection OK•CL: Ethernet collision•TX: Ethernet transmission•RX: Ethernet receptionThe LEDs for the AMNU, SPU, BDT, and TX can be in flashing mode while thecorresponding software is being downloaded.For further information about the status of LEDs, refer to the document “S12000BTS Maintenance Manual -- Procedures”.

Board description Nortel Networks Confidential2--96PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksALADRXSPUTXCLRX+5VRES1AMNUBDTLITXRESETTESTFH--PCMPWRTX OUTRXD INRXM INLegend : Red LEDGreen LEDYellow LEDScrewsFigure 2--24 DRX module

Board descriptionNortel Networks Confidential 2--97S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networks2.8.2 e--DRX front panelThe e--DRX front panel has the following elements (see Figure 2--25):a 26--pin power supply connector (PWR)a 66--pin connector for the private PCM (FH--PCM)a 50--pin test connector (TEST)a transmission signal output (TX)a diversity reception signal input (RXD IN)a main reception signal input (RXM IN)8 LEDs:•FWR: TBD•SPU: SPU status•e--DRX: e--DRX general status•ALA: Alarm•BIST: Built--In Self Status•LI: Ethernet connection OK•TX: Ethernet transmission•RX: Ethernet reception1 button:•RESET: restart the moduleFor further information about the status of LEDs, refer to NTP < 144 >.For more details about DRX and e--DRX architectures, please see chapters 3.3and 3.4.

Board description Nortel Networks Confidential2--98PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksSPUDRXALABISTLITXRESETTESTFH--PCMPWRTX OUTRXD INRXM INLegend : Red LEDGreen LEDYellow LEDScrewsRXFWRFigure 2--25 e--DRX module

Board descriptionNortel Networks Confidential 2--99S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networks2.9 RX--splitterThe RX--splitter amplifies a reception signal and splits it into several signals thatit sends to the receivers.2.9.1 PrincipleThe RX--splitter exists in two types: 1x4 and 2x2. It consists of the followingelements according to the type :Type 1x4: a two--stage, four--channel splitter (see Figure 2--26), which splits thesignal from the LNA--splitter into four identical signals.Type 2x2: a two--stage, two two--channels splitter (see Figure 2--27), whichsplits each of two signals from the LNA--splitter into two identical signals.Four Low--Noise Amplifiers (LNA), which amplify one channel each.Four resistive attenuators, which adjust the gain to the required value on eachLNA channel.A remote amplifier, which controls the power of the incoming signal. The DRXsupervises the amplifier and sends the information to the BSC.Each channel of the RX--splitter is connected to a different receiver. The receiversupplies the LNA of the channel to which it is connected by means of the RF cable.The four channels are therefore supplied independently of one another.Channels which are not connected to any receiver are not supplied with power, andso need not be adapted by a 50 Ωtermination.Nominal gain on the four outputs is + 9.2 dBm (GSM 850), + 8 dBm (GSM 1900).2.9.2 ConsumptionThe RX--splitter is supplied with +12 V dc + 5% or +5.5 V dc + 5% (GSM 1900).Its maximum consumption is 40 mA (GSM 1900) 50 mA for GSM 850. Thereceivers to which it is connected trip an alarm if this limit is exceeded.2.9.3 RX--splitter front panelThe front panel of the RX--splitter has the following elements (see Figure 2--28):Four RX connectors each supply a signal to a receiver which supplies them withvoltage.An IN connector is used by the RX--splitter to receive the reception signal.

Board description Nortel Networks Confidential2--100PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksRX--splitterRX0LNARF combinerRX1RX2RX3LNALNALNAPower supplyregulationPower supplyregulationPower supplyregulationPower supplyregulationFigure 2--26 RX--splitter diagram type 1x4

Board descriptionNortel Networks Confidential 2--101S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksPower supplyregulationPower supplyregulationPower supplyregulationPower supplyregulationRX--splitter 2X2RX0--0LNARF combinerLNALNALNARX0--1RX1--0RX1--1RF combinerFigure 2--27 RX--splitter diagram type 2x2

Board description Nortel Networks Confidential2--102PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksRX0 RX1 IN RX2 RX3Figure 2--28 RX--splitter type 1x4

Board descriptionNortel Networks Confidential 2--103S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksRX0--0 RX0--1 IN0 RX1--1IN1 RX1--1Figure 2--29 Rx--splitter type 2x2

Board description Nortel Networks Confidential2--104PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networks2.10 Power system2.10.1 Power system descriptionThis system is made up of:a Power Controller Unit (PCU) and a set of up to seven Rectifier Units (SRU),each with 600 W output capability (one is for redundancy)or a GSM Integrated power System (GIPS)a set of batteries (Internal or external)This system and the batteries constitute the dc energy distribution system used tosupply the various modules of the cabinet. The Power System delivers a 54.6 V dcvoltage which it generates from the Mains voltage for a 25°C temperature (77°F)of the probe under the batteries.2.10.2 PCU descriptionThe PCU has the four following separate outputs which supply the modules of thecabinet:output 1 (--) to the power amplifiers and F--type convertersoutput 2 (--) to the climatic system fansoutput 3 (--) to the DRX unitsoutput 4 (--) to the CBCF, the user optional accessory, and the RECAL boardThe PCU also provides a common 0 V output.PCU protectionsThe PCU outputs are protected by these breakers:output current 1: breaker L1 (80 A)output current 2: breaker L2 (10 A, time delay)output current 3: breaker L3 (15 A)output current 4: breaker L4 (15 A)When circuit--breakers L1 or L3 are tripped, an alarm signal is generated.A manual power supply cut--off is provided on all four outputs by circuit--breakerson the front panel of the PCU.AlarmsSeveral alarms are provided in the PCU, in order to detect the following situations:ac fault: when the ac supply is interrupted or is outside the voltage range (singlealarm for all rectifiers)dc fault: when the dc supply is interrupted or is outside the 40 V to 58 V (±0.5 V)range (single alarm for all rectifiers) or if a temperature sensor is not properlylinked to the PCU or if a local bias fails.

Board descriptionNortel Networks Confidential 2--105S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networksexcessive temperature: The rectifier is switched off when the maximumoperating temperature is exceeded, and then starts again when the temperaturehas dropped back to normal (single alarm for all rectifiers).batteries on discharge (except for S8006 BTS)PCU protection deviceLoad1 thresholdAlarm connectorThis is a male 15--point SubD connector:1ac fault alarm2dc fault alarm3NC4Alarm common5Load1 threshold alarm6NC7Over temperature alarm8PCU protection alarm9Battery on discharge10 NC11 NC12 NC13 NC14 NC15 NCNote: Only alarms sent back to the RECALboard are mentionned.Table 2--70 Alarm connector

Board description Nortel Networks Confidential2--106PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksMonitoring connectorThis is a female 15--point SubD connector:1Alarm common2Alarm common3NC4NC5NC6NC7NC8CEATS 1a9CEATS 1b10 NC11 NC12 Mechanical ground13 Mechanical ground14 NC15 NCNote: NC = not connectedTable 2--71 Monitoring connector2.10.2.1 PCU Front panelThe front panel includes the following (see Figure 2--30):four manual circuit breakers (PA, FAN, DRX and BCF)test points:•two points for type1 (PROBE1 and PROBE2)•one point for type2 (PROBE1 only)a terminal for connection with the battery cablessix lights emitting LEDs•The green LED (ON) indicates that the PCU is operating normally.•The red LED (AL) indicates that there is a fault in the temperature sensorcircuit of the batteries or in the PCU.•Four other green LEDs indicates that the four outputs of the PCU areoperational.

Board descriptionNortel Networks Confidential 2--107S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networks2.10.2.2 PCU Top panelThe top panel includes alarm and monitoring connectors. The alarm connector (J4)is a male type, while the control connector (J5) is a female type.LEDsThe LEDs give information on the status of the PCU rectifier:The green LED (ON) indicates that the PCU is operating normally.The red LED (AL) indicates that there is a fault in the temperature sensor circuitof the batteries or in the PCU local bias system.Four other green LEDs indicates that the four outputs of the PCU are operational.

Board description Nortel Networks Confidential2--108PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksJ4J5Figure 2--30 Power supply rack (seven--rectifier type)

Board descriptionNortel Networks Confidential 2--109S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networks2.10.3 SRU descriptionInput voltageNominal 230 V acRange: 176 V ac to 264 V acOutput characteristicsNominal output voltage is 54.6 V ±0.2 V.The output voltage range is 40 V to 58 V ±0.5 V.Protection against power surges is 59.5 V (+0 V, --1 V).Nominal current is 11A minimum for Vout = 54.6 V. The output power is constant(600W) for output voltages between 40 V and 58 V.AlarmsSeveral alarm signals can be generated, in the following cases:overtemperaturemissing moduleac input voltage interrupted or not within 176 V--264 V thresholdsdc output voltage not within 40 V--58 V thresholds (±0.5 V)An ac alarm leads to a dc alarm, but a dc alarm does not necessarily lead to an acalarm.Floating voltage controlThe floating voltage leaving the rectifiers is automatically adjusted in inverse ratioto battery temperature. This floating voltage is necessary for an optimum batteryservice life.2.10.3.1 SRU Front panelThe front panel includes the following (see Figure 2--30):a manual circuit switchtwo voltage test pointstwo LEDs

Board description Nortel Networks Confidential2--110PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksThe LEDs give information on the status of the rectifier:The green LED (ON) is on to indicate that the rectifier is in normal operatingmode, that is, the ac supply is within the appropriate voltage range and a dcvoltage is supplied at the rectifier output.The red LED (AL) is on to indicate that the ac supply is within the appropriatevoltage range but rectifier temperature is too high.2.10.4 GIPS descriptionThis system is made up of a Distribution and Control Unit (DCU), a Set of RectifierUnits, rectifiers of 680 W each (one is for redundancy), and a AC Distribution Unit(ADU). This GIPS and the batteries constitute the dc energy distribution systemused to supply the various modules of the cabinet. The Power System delivers a 54.6V dc voltage which it generates from the Mains voltage for a 25°C temperature(77°F) of the probe under the batteries.2.10.4.1 DCU descriptionThe DCU has the four following separate outputs which supply the modules of thecabinet:output PA (--) to the power amplifiersoutput DACS (--) to the climatic system fansoutput DRX (--) to the DRX, eDRX, or DRX--ND3 unitsoutput BCF (--) to the BCF (CBCF/RECAL /USER) and F--type convertersThe DCU also provides a common 0 V output.DCU protectionsThe DCU outputs are protected by the following breakers:output current PA: breaker CB1 (80 A)output current DACS: breaker CB2 (15 A)output current DRX: breaker CB3 (15 A)output current BCF: breaker CB4 (15 A)When circuit--breakers CB1 or CB3 are tripped, an alarm signal is generated.A manual power supply cut--off is provided on all four outputs by circuit--breakerson the front panel of the DCU.AlarmsSeveral alarms are provided to the RECAL board by the power system:AC fault: when 1 out of 3 phases is interrupted or is outside the 172V to 176Vrange (single alarm for all seven rectifiers)DC fault: when the dc supply is interrupted (single alarm for all seven rectifiers)or if a temperature sensor is not properly linked to the DCU or if a local bias failsor one slot is empty.

Board descriptionNortel Networks Confidential 2--111S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksDCU protection deviceLoad1 thresholdMain breaker faultLightning arrestor faultAlarm connectorThis is a male 15--point SubD connector placed on the top of the DCU.1Alarm AC OR2Alarm DC OR3Alarm load1 threshold4Common alarms5Remote Control a6Remote Control b7CEATS18CEATS29NC10 Mains breaker11 PCU Protective Devices12 NC13 Lightning Arrestor14 Common Alarm15 NCNote: NC = not connectedTable 2--72 Alarm connector

Board description Nortel Networks Confidential2--112PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networks2.10.4.2 DCU front panelThe front panel includes the following:Four manual circuit breakers (PA, DRX, DACS, and BCF)a battery temperature probe connectorfour green LEDs•The four green LEDs ON indicate that the DCU is operating normally.•A green LED OFF indicates that the corresponding module is not powered.A battery breaker is located above the GIPS.2.10.4.3 DCU top panelThe top panel includes an alarm interface connector. The alarm connector is male15--point SubD connector.2.10.4.4 Rectifier descriptionInput voltageNominal 230 V acRange: 176 V ac to 264 V acOutput characteristicsNominal output voltage is 54.6 V ±0.2 %.The output voltage range is 40 V to 58.3 V.Protection against power surges is 59.7 V.Nominal current is 12.45 A minimum for Vout = 54.6 V. The output power isconstant (680W) for output voltages between 40 V and 58 V.AlarmsSeveral alarm signals are generated, in the following cases:overtemperatureac input voltage interrupted or not within 176 V--264 V thresholdsdc output voltage not within 40 V to 58.3 V thresholdsAn ac alarm leads to a dc alarm, but a dc alarm does not necessarily lead to an acalarm.Floating voltage controlThe floating voltage leaving the rectifiers is automatically adjusted in inverse ratioto battery temperature. This floating voltage is necessary for an optimum batteryservice life.

Board descriptionNortel Networks Confidential 2--113S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networks2.10.4.5 Rectifier front panelThe front panel includes the following:a manual circuit switcha green LEDThe LED gives information on the status of the rectifier. The green LED is on toindicate that the rectifier is in normal operating mode, that is a dc voltage is suppliedat the rectifier output.2.10.4.6 ADU descriptionThe ADU provides:the AC input cablesurge protectiona system level circuit breaker for rectifiers power on/off and overload protectiona circuit breaker for DACS power on/off and overload protectionEMI filteringa connector for the DACS2.10.4.7 ADU front panelThe front panel includes the following:three mains circuit breakers:•rectifiers 1, 3, 5, 7 Load Circuit Breaker•rectiifers 2, 4, 6 Load Circuit Breaker•DACS Load Circuit BreakerDACS cablemain cableEarth connection point for dielectric test

Board description Nortel Networks Confidential2--114PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksFigure 2--31 GIPS

Board descriptionNortel Networks Confidential 2--115S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksFigure 2--32 DCU module

Board description Nortel Networks Confidential2--116PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksFigure 2--33 ADU module

ArchitectureNortel Networks Confidential 3--1S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networks3 ARCHITECTURE3.1 Physical architecture3.1.1 IntroductionThis chapter provides an overview of the BTS physical architecture. BTScomponents are described in detail in Chapters 1 to 5.The EDGE link quality measurement (LQM) of the uplink is performed at the BTS.E--DRX and E--PA are necessary on the BTS to utilize the EDGE features.BSC12000 is required to utilize the EDGE features.3.1.2 SubsystemsThe BTS contains three main subsystems (see Figure 3--1):one CBCF Moduleone TRX subsystemone coupling systemThe content of each subsystem is listed in Table 3--1.3.1.3 Internal busesThe following buses, which connect BTS components, are described in this section:frequency hopping (FH) busprivate PCMFigure 3--1 shows the buses used with the CBCF Module.

Architecture Nortel Networks Confidential3--2PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksSubsystem Contents*Compact BCF (CBCF) Module •Compact PCM Interface board (CPCMI)•Compact Main Common Function board(CMCF)•Remote Control Alarm (RECAL) board•BCF Interconnection board (BCFICO)•CBCF Back Panel (CBP)TRX •Driver and Receiver unit (DRX)•Power Amplifier (PA)Coupling system •RF Combiner Module(s) of the followingtypes:-- Duplexer (D)-- Hybrid Two--way (H2D)-- Hybrid Four--way (H4D)-- Tx Filter(s) (TxF)•Rx Splitter(s)•LNA Splitter* The number of boards or modules are not indicated and depend on theconfiguration of the site.Table 3--1 BTS subsystems3.1.3.1 FH busThe FH bus links together all logical DRXs.The FH bus and the transmitters connected to it ensure the function of frequencyhopping and the filling of the BCCH frequency.The FH bus is a V11 (series) bus. It is one-way and carries the signals according tothe RS485 standard.

ArchitectureNortel Networks Confidential 3--3S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksPATRXDRXDRX LogicpartCPCMI CMCFCBCF (*)RECALPrivate PCMDRX RadiopartPrivatePCMsNote: (*) The two interconnection boards of the CBCF module (BCFICO and CBP) are not shown.FH busPrivate PCMsExternal PCMsTransmitter couplersubsystemReception couplersubsystemFigure 3--1 Subsystem architecture with CBCF

Architecture Nortel Networks Confidential3--4PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksEach message is transmitted in synchronization with the 4Fbit clock and includesthe following:the system time in six bytes (flag included)the address of the DRX that transmits the information in one bytethe code of the send frequency on 10 bitsthe send power commands in one bytethe NRZ message of the send data in 19 bytesUp to 16 transmitters can be connected to this bus.For multi--cell sites, all the cells can be connected onto a single FH bus.3.1.3.2 Private PCMUp to six private PCMs transport data between the DRXs and the CBCF Module.Each private PCM supports up to four es. Each private PCM has a 64 kbit/s timeslot (TS) distributed to all DRXs and carries the GSM TIME signal (TS31).Each private PCM allocates the following time slots (TS) for each DRX:One TS (64 kbit/s logical channels) of transparent data for signaling and 4 TSsfor trafficA group of five TSs, three of which are used, is allocated to each DRX, as follows:Signaling Traffic +JokerTraffic +JokerTraffic +JokerTraffic +Joker1234 5A 4.096 MHz clock, slaved to the 4Fbit clock of the synchronization board, is usedfor bit synchronization of the private PCM.The refresh period must be a multiple of an occurrence between the GSM time base(577 µs) and the PCM time base (125 µs). The selected refresh period is 60 ms.One must make the difference between CMCF/CPCMI which remain with a singlerate (4.096 MHz clock and 2.048 Mbps datarate) and CMCF/DRX/RECAL whichcan have a double rate feature on some TSs(4.096 Mbps double datarate).The TSs remaining with a single rate are the signaling TSs for theDRX/eDRX/RECAL and the traffic TSs for the DRX.

ArchitectureNortel Networks Confidential 3--5S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networks3.2 CBCF functional architectureThe CBCF performs the following functions:switching, synchronization, and concentrationcontrol of the alarm management unitPCM InterfaceThe CMCF Phase2 board performs the concentration, synchronization, andswitching functions. The CMCF also controls the alarm management unit (theRECAL board), which is located outside the CBCF Module.The CMCF Phase2 board allows operation in duplex mode and in simplex mode.The CPCMI board is the interface between the external PCM links (A--bis) and theprivate PCMs in the CBCF.CBCF modesThe CBCF can be used in simplex mode with only one CMCF board in slot 0 or 1running in active mode. Simplex/Duplex mode is managed by a micro switch on theCMCF Phase2 board. From duplex to simplex, the transaction is never automaticand always follows a configuration. From simplex to duplex mode, there is noautomatic transition when the active board detects the connection with the passiveone.3.2.1 Switching, synchronization, and concentrationThe CMCF Phase2 board is duplicated in the CBCF Module to provide redundancy(see Figure 3--2).One CMCF central processor manages the switching matrix and thesynchronization. The main processor and slave processor share the concentrationand routing tasks as described below.3.2.1.1 SwitchingThe two switching matrices in the CMCF receive and distribute the traffic of PCMsas follows:up to six PCMs communicate with the CPCMI boards (external PCM)up to six PCMs communicate with the DRXs (external PCM)two PCMs communicate with the processing units (internal PCM)one PCM communicates GSM time (internal PCM)one PCM for tests (internal PCM)

Architecture Nortel Networks Confidential3--6PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksThe 6 PCMs distributed towards the DRX can have a double rate.

ArchitectureNortel Networks Confidential 3--7S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networks1/2561/193H8M SY H4MSYNFLLE1/T1+5V1/2561/193H8M SY H4ME1+5VMASTER CMCFSLAVE CMCFPLL : Phase--locked loopFLL : Frequency locked loopSYNPLLSIXCLOCKSSIXCLOCKSFigure 3--2 CMCF board synchronization (full configuration)

Architecture Nortel Networks Confidential3--8PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networks3.2.1.2 SynchronizationThe CMCF Phase2 board provides synchronization to the radio part of the BTS.

ArchitectureNortel Networks Confidential 3--9S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksSynchronization is obtained through a temperature--controlled oscillator that allowsthe selection of timing signal from eight signals (six from the external PCMs, onefrom an external source, and one from the CMCF Phase2 active).The selected clock signal is routed to a digital phase comparator that authorizessynchronization operations in a frequency locked loop (CMCF Phase2 active) or ina phase locked loop (CMCF Phase2 passive).The CMCF Phase2 passive operates in a phase locked loop so that its H4M clockis synchronized with that of the CMCF Phase2 active. This ensures that phasehopping does not occur during a CMCF Phase2 switchover.GSM TimeThe processing unit transmits the GSM Time every 60 ms. The GSM Time istransmitted to the switching matrices of the CMCF Phase2 active. The CMCFpassive reads the GSM Time in the CMCF Phase2 active, which allows thesynchronization of GSM Time on both CMCFs.Figure 3--2 shows the synchronization process on the CMCF Phase2 board.SwitchoverA switchover occurs in synchronization with the H4M clock. Since the activeCMCF and the passive CMCF Phase2 are synchronized (H4M and GSM Time), theswitchover does not cause a timing disruption.The switchover sequence is as follows:active CMCF becomes inactiveinactive CMCF detects the inactivityinactive CMCF becomes activeA CMCF processor becomes inactive in the following circumstances:H16M clock state is NOK and there is dual chain operationthe active request is disabledmaster board is not properly connected to the back panelthe active processor is reset while in dual chain operationDefence and redundancy managementA switchover from one CMCF Phase2 board to the other in the event of an error onthe active CMCF Phase2 board ensures redundancy. The hardware supports duplexand simplex modes.A redundancy channel between both CMCF Phase2 boards ensures the exchangeof data between the boards in the event of a switchover.The defense connectivity is shown in Figure 3--3.

Architecture Nortel Networks Confidential3--10PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksMASTER CMCFSLAVE CMCFCPCMISix PrivatePCMsSix PCMsSix ClocksM/S logic witchDuplex syncRedundancy linkFigure 3--3 Defense connectivity between the CMCF Phase2 boards (fullconfiguration)

ArchitectureNortel Networks Confidential 3--11S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networks3.2.1.3 Concentration and routingThe concentration and routing functionality is performed by the active and passiveprocessing units. The master processing unit manages the board resources. Thepassive processing unit, which operates synchronously with the master unit,manages one PCM, one HDLC link (for active--passive communication), and oneRS232 link.The master processing unit receives an external clock signal at 4.096 MHz andgenerates a 33 MHz reference frequency. This frequency is supplied to the passiveunit so that it can be synchronous with the master unit.3.2.2 Control of the alarm management unitThe CMCF Phase2 manages the alarm management unit, the RECAL board, locatedoutside the CBCF Module.The RECAL board collects internal and external alarms and routes them to theCMCF, which routes to the BSC.The communication between the CMCF Phase2 and the RECAL is done using anLAPD protocol link that uses a channel supported by time slot 25 of PCM0.3.2.3 PCM InterfaceUp to three CPCMI boards provide the interface between six external PCM links(A--bis) and six private PCMs used inside the CBCF Module.The interface tasks correspond to an electrical level translation and a frame formatconversion depending on the type of external PCM link (PCM E1, PCM T1, orHDSL).The external PCM interface has functional blocs that perform the followingfunctions:conversion of analog signals on the A--bis interface and the logical signals of theFramer part of the PCMImanagement of the synchronization clocktransposition between the A--bis and the private PCMs signals3.2.3.1 Signalling interfacesThe CPCMI board uses the PCM and HDSL interfaces described below.PCM A--bis interfaceThe E1 interface is compatible with the G703 Recommendation. Its impedance is120 (two pairs of bidirectional symmetrical links) or 75 Ohms (coaxial cables).The T1 interface is compatible with ANSI T1.403 and T1.102. Its impedance is100 Ohms (two pairs of bidirectional symmetrical links).

Architecture Nortel Networks Confidential3--12PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksHDSL A--bis interfaceThe HDSL--E1 format (2B1Q) is on one single twisted copper pair where thetransmission rate is 2320 kbps for a full E1 frame. This rate is compatible with theETSI ETR 152 RTR/TM--06002 standard.The HDSL--T1 format (2B1Q) is on one single twisted copper pair where thetransmission rate is 1552 kbps for a full T1 frame. This rate is not standardized andis considered a proprietary link.Private PCMsOne CPCMI board is connected to two private PCM links (PCM0 and PCM1). TheO&M communication is done through an HDLC link using TS0 of PCM0.E1/T1Three bits supplied to the CMCF indicate whether the board is an E1 or T1.

ArchitectureNortel Networks Confidential 3--13S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networks3.3 DRX functional architectureThe DRX board has a digital part, a radio part and a power supply board(Figure 3--4).3.3.1 Types of DRX boardsThe DRX boards for S12000 indoor are:DRX ND3 GSM 900 MHZDRX ND module 1800 MHZDRX ND PCS 19000 MHZE--GSM DRX ND moduleThe DRX boards for S12000 outdoor are:DRXNDPCSDRXNDDCSDRXNDE--GSMMOD: DRX ND3 GSM3.3.2 DRX digital partThe DRX digital part consists of four units:the Advanced MaNagement Unit (AMNU), which manages the DRXthe Digital Control Unit for eight chanels (DCU8), which is the signal processingunitthe Time Base Unit (BDT), which manages the GSM_TIME for the DRXTX logic, which is the interface with the transmission part in the DRX Radioboard3.3.2.1 AMNU unitThe AMNU unit manages the DRX. It manages the eight time slots of a TDMAframe and the radio signaling functions.These functions can be broken down into communication functions (RSL) on theone hand, and operating and maintenance functions (O&M) on the other (seeFigure 3--5).Communication functionsCommunication functions include:

Architecture Nortel Networks Confidential3--14PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networksrouting functionsconcentration functionsRouting functionsThe TDMA frame management unit routes messages from the BSC. The messagesarrive on the RSL and can be broken down into two categories:messages concerning processing of a single time slotmessages concerning all the time slots in the TDMA frameConcentration functionsThere are two types of messages:transparent messagesnon--transparent messages

ArchitectureNortel Networks Confidential 3--15S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksAMNUDCU8RXTest EthernetBDTDRX digitalFHbusPrivate PCMRadio DRXLogical TXTXPowersupplyboard+5.4V+ 12V-- 12V+ 48VdcFrequencyreferenceunitFigure 3--4 DRX board: functional block diagram

Architecture Nortel Networks Confidential3--16PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksSPUAMNUBSCO&MCommunicationfunction (RSL):-- routing-- concentrationLevel 1 radio accessLevel 1 radioLevel 2 radio managementRadioresourcesmanagementRadiomeasurementsmanagementOperations &Maintenancefunctions (O&M)Level 3 radioLevel 1 wiresLevel 2 wiresFigure 3--5 AMNU functions

ArchitectureNortel Networks Confidential 3--17S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksTransparent messages are simply concentrated on a time slot of the internal PCM.Non--transparent messages are:radio measurement messages of the mobileinterference measurement messages on the inactive channelsload messages on the RACH channelload messages on the PCH channelNon--transparent messages are transcoded, averaged and grouped in a singlemessage to the BSC. This message is sent to the same time slot as the transparentmessages.Operation & Maintenance functionsThe following Operation & Maintenance functions are processed by the Framemanagement unit (AMNU):start--up, downloading, initializationconfigurationmonitoring/defenseStart--up/Downloading/InitializationThe AMNU is started by a hardware reset or a reinitialization message sent by theBSC. It causes configuration of the LAPD and establishment of the OML link withthe BSC.The DRX subsystem can be downloaded only after the BCF is downloaded, andthe units of site management, cell management, and Abis signaling of the DRXshave been configured.The BSC systematically initiates a downloading phase of the catalogue files and ofthe following software units:AMNUSPUDLUBOOTTXBDTBIST of the SPUsA re--flashing of the units for which the software versions are different follows thedownloading.

Architecture Nortel Networks Confidential3--18PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksConfigurationThe DRX is configured by the BSC by means of an OML link on the Abis interface.Configuration can be broken down into:a general configuration:•configuration of the TDMA frametime slot configurations:•configuration of radio time slots•configuration of the frequency hopConfiguration of the TDMA frame provides the DRX with parameters shared bythe whole cell, such as:cell identity (BSIC)BCCH frequencyindication of frequency hopping implementationcell type (normal or extended)and with parameters specific to the DRX:the frequency of the TDMA frame if there is no frequency hoppingindication of implentation of diversity in receptionThe TDMA frame cannot be dynamically configured. A change of configurationrequires re--start of the downloaded software.The configuration of the radio time slot specifies the type of logical channel to usefor a time slot.The configuration of the frequency hopping specifies, for a time slot, the list offrequencies to use as well as sequencing. This configuration is optional and onlyappears if the frequency hopping was requested in the TDMA frame configuration.MonitoringThe BSC regularly sends status requests to the DRX to detect any problems on theOML link.LAPD breakThe LAPD, OML and RSL links are monitored by a timer. If level 2 loss is detected,the BSC and the AMNU try to reconnect. If connection has not been made by theend of the time--out, the AMNU is reinitialized.

ArchitectureNortel Networks Confidential 3--19S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksEvent reportsThe AMNU collects all events detected by the DRX equipment. It performsfiltration, and sends error reports to the BSC. Transmission error reports and faultmanagement on RX--splitters alarms are sent through the CBCF.The AMNU filters to prevent repetition of non--transient events, which means it cansend the BSC a single indication.The AMNU sends errors to the BSC by sending “event report” messages. There aretwo types of “event report” messages:transient messages, which are not acknowledged by the BSCnon--transient messages, which must be acknowledged by the BSC, and whichare repeated by AMNU until they are acknowledgedRadio signaling functionThe radio signaling function supports two Signal Processing Units (SPU). EachSPU manages one time slot.Two versions of the SPU software are available. One corresponds to propagationconditions in rural areas and the other to propagation conditions in urban areas. Forrural areas, the algorithm parameter is set at zero. For urban areas, the alogrithparameter is set at 0.5, and the interferer cancellation algorithm is active.The radio signaling functions can be broken down into four groups of functions:level 1 radio accesslevel 2 radio management of LAPDm signalinglevel 3 radio management, which is made up of two functions:•radio resources management•radio measurements managementoperation & maintenanceLevel 1 radio accessLevel 1 radio access makes it possible to manage dialogue between the AMNUsignaling function and the SPU processors that are connected to the AMNU. Itoffers:configuration of operating modes for each SPUSPU controltransmission and reception of data on the radio channel, respecting methods forslaving to the radio frequencyLevel 2 radio managementLevel 2 radio management manages the LAPDm level 2 signaling on the radiochannels.

Architecture Nortel Networks Confidential3--20PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksRadio resources management ( level 3 radio)Radio level 3 provides the following functions:level 2 management on the common channelscontrol of level 2 functions on dedicated channelsactivation of the common channelsorganization of the Common Control CHannel (CCCH), including chaining andrepetition of paging messages and transmission of dedicated channel allocationmessagesactivation or deactivation of dedicated channels, implementation of encryptionand channel mode changesproviding SPU processors with system information on the SAACH and BCCHchannelsdetection of “random access” and “handover access”detection of paging channel (PCH) loaddetection of radio link attenuation (monitoring of the upstream SACCHchannel), verifiable by the OMCsending of the mobile transmission power changeRadio measurements management (level 3 radio)This provides the following functions:return of interference measurements carried out by the SPU processors on theinactive dedicated channels and transmission of these measurements to theAMNUconcatenation of measurements made by the SPUs on the active dedicatedchannels and those transferred by the mobile over the same periodOperation & maintenance functions (O&M)These functions provide configuration and deconfiguration of the time slots andfrequency hopping functions.Network IDWith the implementation of V15.0, the BTS detects the type of DRX and PA duringconnection with respect to the BCF and the DRX. Note the following restrictions:If a DRX is not yet connected to the BCF, its type is set to “DRX type” until it isconnected.If a PA is not yet connected to the DRX, its type is set to “PA type” until it isconnected.

ArchitectureNortel Networks Confidential 3--21S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksIf a fault beginning has been sent on the DRX type (or PA type) of equipment,because the real equipment type was unknown, the fault ending must be sent on aDRX or PA type, even if the DRX or PA have connected themselves between thefault begin and fault end.EDGE implementationIn V15.1, the BSC can configure one TDMA with up to:8 DS0 (joker and main) per TRX (with CBCF, CMCF Phase 2)The joker channel is used when the size of the frame exceeds the size of the mainchannel, which is the case for CS3/CS4 in GPRS and MCS3 to MCS9 in E--GPRS.In that case, the main channel is filled with the maximum information (i.e 302 bitsof payload) and the remainder is split into N equal pieces that are sent in the Jokerchannel during the same 20ms period. In order to save PCU CPU Power, the contentof the jokers is aligned on a byte boundary.As the maximum number of joker TS per TDMA is directly linked to the type ofsite, the following rule is mandatory: both chains of the site must have the same levelof hardware.If this rule is not verified: see the engineering rules for more details.3.3.2.2 DCU8 unitThe DCU8 unit consists of two signaling processing chains, A and B, as shown inFigure 3--6. Each chain handles four calls in full--rate voice mode and eight callsin half--rate voice mode. Chain A and chain B are connected to a subassembly, theBB_FILT ASIC, which is the interface with the radio part and filters receptionsamples before sending them to the two chains. A second subassembly, the CHIF,which is associated with the BB_FILT ASIC, calculates encryption and decryptionmasks.Chain A processes even radio reception time slots and odd radio transmission timeslots. Conversely, chain B processes odd radio reception time slots and even radiotransmission time slots.

Architecture Nortel Networks Confidential3--22PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksBB_FILTCHIFRAMAMNUDSP DECOD DSP DECOD RAMDSP TRANS DSP TRANSRAM RAMReceiversFH busGSM TIME busSPU (A Chain) SPU (B Chain)DSP EGALDPRAM DPRAMFigure 3--6 DCU8 unit diagram

ArchitectureNortel Networks Confidential 3--23S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksThe DCU8 unit has five DSPs:one EGAL DSP, which equalizes the reception signaltwo DECOD DSPs, which handle reception signal decoding and level 1sequencingtwo TRANS DSPs, which handle transmission signal processing, encoding, andthe interface with the remote transcoderThere is one DECOD DSP and one TRANS DSP in each chain.SPUThe SPU carries out processing associated with the transmission layer (seeFigure 3--7 and Figure 3--8). Its functions are:demodulation of GMSK signal at receptionciphering/deciphering of sent and received dataencoding/decoding and interleaving/de--interleaving of data from the variouschannelsencoding/decoding of voice and data (from 13 kbit/s to 16 kbit/s and vice--versa)transfer of discontinuous transmission (DTX) signalcontrol of transmitters (GSMK--8PSK) and receiversprocessing of radio measurementsDemodulation functionDemodulation consists of extracting the binary data transmitted from the GMSKsignal received, which is 144 bits for a normal burst and 36 bits for an access burst.This is done for the eight time slots of the radio channel.The demodulation principle selected takes into account the inter--symbolinterference resulting from smoothing of the transmission phase transitions(limitation of the transmitted spectrum), multiple path phenomena, and distortionintroduced by the channel filter upon reception.Implementation of this type of demodulator requires modification of thetransmission channel as concerns pulse response, frequency deviation, andreception times. Determining these parameters is part of the job of the demodulationfunction.

Architecture Nortel Networks Confidential3--24PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksAMNUSPUDemodulationDeciphering (optional)De--interleavingDecodingSpeech/dataor signalingSpeech/data08.60 format codingSignalingReceivermanagementDRX radioFigure 3--7 SPU reception functionsSPUAMNU08.60 formatdecodingTransmittermanagementCodingInterleavingCiphering (optional)Signaling Speech/dataDRX radioFigure 3--8 SPU transmission functions

ArchitectureNortel Networks Confidential 3--25S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksThe receiver executes the space diversity function. Both received channels arecombined in an equalizer which carries out joint equalization.For each of these channels, the pulse response as well as the C/I+N ratio areestimated. These ratios are used to weight the predictions and samples of eachchannel.The symbols from the equalizer are then decrypted, de--interleaved and decoded torestore the control messages and traffic sent by the mobile.Ciphering/deciphering functionThe fluxes of binary symbols sent and received on each time slot on the TCH orSDCCH are encrypted one bit at a time, in compliance with theciphering/deciphering algorithm.The ciphering or deciphering operation protects confidentiality of voice andsignaling. It consists of adding binary bits, one by one, between sent and receiveddata and a binary train (the ciphering sequence), generated from a ciphering key andthe TDMA frame number of the time slot.Encoding/decoding and interleaving/de--interleaving functionsAll traffic and control logic channels are encoded to protect useful informationagainst transmission errors. Each channel has its own encoding scheme, usuallyincluding the following steps for each block:protection of data bits with parity bits or a block codeencoding of the “data bits + check bits” unit with a convolutional code. Thisoperation results in encoded bits.rearrangement and interleaving of the encoded bitsburst formatingFor data, the encoding procedure depends on the rate: the interleaving level ishigher for data than for voice.Some channels do not use the encoding schemes described above, in particular theRACH, FCCH and SCH channels. For these channels, interleaving on several timeslots does not exist.Mobile transmission timing advance functionThe BTS must measure the delay on the received signal when the mobile stationmakes itself known.This measurement, known as timing advance, is forwarded in the dedicated channelassignment message (immediate assignment) to the MS, which uses this parameterto anticipate its transmission timing.

Architecture Nortel Networks Confidential3--26PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksDuring call establishment, the BTS computes the timing advance value and sendsit within CHANNEL REQUIRED message to the BSC. If this value is above thethreshold, then the BSC rejects call establishment.In ongoing call conditions, the timing advance is calculated at regular intervals andsent to the MS over the downlink SACCH channel.The calculation is based onother measurements taken during demodulationthe timing advance used by the mobile station that is returned in the layer 1header of the uplink SACCHDiscontinuous transmission (DTX)Discontinuous transmission allows signals to be sent over the radio channel alonewhen a speech signal is present. This limits interference and MS powerconsumption. For each call, the MSC indicates whether the BSS “does not use” or“may use” the DTX.The principle behind discontinuous transmission is as follows:The base or mobile vocoder has a Voice Activity Detector (VAD) that detects if theframe constructed every 20 milliseconds contains speech. If the frame does notcontain speech, the vocoder constructs a special frame called the SIlence Descriptor(SID) that contains all the background noise description elements. This frame is sentto produce a comfort noise at the far end, and radio transmission stops.The vocoder periodically reassesses the ambient noise and reconstructs the SIDframe. The frame produced in this way is sent in step with the SACCH (once everyfour 26-frame multiframes, or 480 milliseconds).When the vocoder detects new speech activity, a special SID frame indicating theEnd Of Silence (EOS) is sent, and normal speech frame sending resumes.On the receive end, additional processing sequences interpret the incoming trafficframe types (speech, SID, FACCH, nothing) using the related flags (BFI, SID, TAF)and perform the appropriate operations.The DTX is allowed for data in non-transparent mode.BCCH fillingThe BCCH frequency must be transmitted continuously so mobile stations canperform field strength measurements in neighbouring cells.Continuous transmission is accomplished in various ways:When frequency hopping is not used, the TRX uses the BCCH frequency as thecarrier frequency for all the channels it supports. The TRX sends fillers on theBCCH frequency although it may have nothing to send in a given time slot.

ArchitectureNortel Networks Confidential 3--27S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksWhen frequency hopping is being used, one of the following occurs:•The hopping laws authorize permanent BCCH transmission, and all the TRXshelp fill operations.•The hopping laws do not authorize permanent transmission and a transmitteris required to enable BCCH “filling” independently and take over when thehopping laws step down.Transmitter and receiver controlThe SPU controls a transmitter and a receiver. It calculates the frequency hoppinglaw and determines the frequencies to synthesize.The transmitter is controlled by the FH bus. The SPU sends the following to thetransmitter:the power and frequency to usethe bits to sendthe time synchronization signalThe SPU sends the following to the receiver:the frequency to use for the following time slotthe synchronization clock signalthe GSM TIME synchronization signalThe SPU receives the following from the receiver:digitized samples from the reception channelthe scale factor (gain)the receiver alarmsRadio measurement processingThe Radio Measurement Processing performed by the BTS ensures that the networkand the mobiles can communicate with each other with minimum interference at thelowest possible transmission power and with the best transmission quality.Measurements processed by the BTS include signal strength and signal quality. Themobile takes measurements in the downlink direction (BTS --> MS), while the BTStakes them in the uplink direction (MS →BTS). Other measurements include signalstrength on the BCCH frequency of the surrounding cells and the MS_BS distance.The BTS averages these measurements for each connection. The averagedmeasurements are then used as the basis for a decision--making process for thefollowing:power controlcall clearinginter--cell handoverintra--cell handover

Architecture Nortel Networks Confidential3--28PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksThe BTS cyclically sends to the BSC the interferences measures done on theinactive channels.BB_FILT ASICThe BB_FILT ASIC constitutes the interface between the signal processing unit(SPU) of the DRX and the radio RX module on the one hand, and the encipheringASIC on the other hand. It carries out the band--pass filtering of the digital samplesoutput by the radio RX module, and generates the FH bus.A single BB_FILT ASIC processes all eight TSs of the radio frame.The functions provided by this ASIC include:GSM time reception interface providing the synchronization of the DSPs on theradio frameon transmission:•recording of the TX parameters and of the ciphering key, supplied by the DSPEGAL•transfer of the ciphering key to the CHIF ASIC•reading of the ciphering template from CHIF ASIC•ciphering of the parameters and transmission on the FH buson reception:•recording of the RX parameters and of the ciphering key, supplied by the DSPEGAL•programming of RX hopping synthesizers•generation of channel and sampling frequency selection signals for the analogto digital converter•base--band filtering of the digital samples delivered by the dc converter•selection of the best gain for each channel (normal and diversity)•transfer of these selected filtered samples to the DSP EGAL•transfer of the deciphering key to the CHIF ASIC•reading of the deciphering template from CHIF ASIC, and transfer of thetemplate to the DSP EGAL3.3.2.3 BDT unitThe BDT (time base) unit regenerates GSM TIME signals. The GSM time isdistributed to the BDT unit of each DRX by means of the GSM TIME channel ofthe private PCM every 60 ms.The value of the propagation delay is sent to the DRX by means of the OML linkof the private PCM. From these two data, each DRX makes the necessarycorrections and regenerates the GSM TIME bus.

ArchitectureNortel Networks Confidential 3--29S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksIf, for any reason, the GSM time is not distributed on the BDT unit, the BDT unitlocally maintains the GSM TIME bus signals and continues to provide the GSMtime to the DRX units.The BDT unit is made up of a logic block and a calculation block.Digital blockThe BDT unit receives a 26 MHz clock signal derived from the radio unit clock. Thisclock signal has the same stability properties as the 4Fbit clock signal provided bythe BCF synchronization board and is more stable in the short term. The digitalblock generates the following signals:H4M (4.096 MHz)STRTM (recurrent pulse at 577 microseconds)TIME_DATA (containing T1, T2, T3 and TN)Calculation blockThe calculation block synchronizes the H4M and STRTM signals with thesynchronization unit signals of the BCF. In addition, it updates the values T1, T2,T3 and TN.The synchronization principle consists of forcing a divider--by--24 counter to divideby 23 (if the BDT is slow) or by 25 (if it is fast). This way, every 23 or 25 periodsof 26 MHz (depending on whether the slow BDT is accelerated or the fast BDT isslowed down), the BDT corrects a period of 26 MHz.3.3.2.4 TX logic unitThe main role of the TX logic unit is to control the radio subassembly in real time.It receives the BCF configuration commands from the AMNU. It carries out theprocessing and sends back reports.Once configured, the TX logic unit reads, on each time slot, the data present on theFH bus. Then it calculates the frequency code and the power code to be used withthe radio interface.

Architecture Nortel Networks Confidential3--30PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksTransmission powerIn general, radio power is determined by two inputs. One controls the maximumstatic power and the other gives the dynamic attenuation at each time slot.The static power is given by the CBCF in the CONFIG message. The TX calculatesattenuation to compensate for cable loss between the TX--driver and the poweramplifier.The dynamic power is provided by the ASIC of the TX logical unit. Its softwarereads the value and commands the TX--driver accordingly.In the case of a BCCH filler, the additional attenuation introduced is always zero.The power values that the TX and the mobile have to use are fixed by the BTSaccording to a control algorithm using the measurements results that it makes andthe thresholds stockpiled in the OMC. The mobile and the BTS power control canbe inhibited by the OMC.The power control aim is to minimize the interferences, ensure good transmissionquality, and save the mobile’s batteries.Power slavingThe setpoint value is slaved to compensate for gain variations of the transmissionchain.Two slaving loops are used to compensate for attenuation in the gain chain.DRXTX LOGICExternal loopGMSK ModulationInternal loopRadio FrequencyAntennaTX DRIVERControl busPA or LPAFigure 3--9 Power slaving diagram

ArchitectureNortel Networks Confidential 3--31S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksThese loops can be in the following states:Open: This state is used for calibration of the internal loop with the external loop.Initialization: This state is used for loop start--up.Error: A loop is in error when it is not longer in correspondence with the setpoint.Closed: A loop is closed when it is in slow slaved mode.3.3.3 DRX radio partThe DRX radio part is composed of a power supply board and of the DRX radioboard.The power supply converts common -48 V to specific +5 V/±12 V power supplysignals for the DRX radio board.The DRX radio board is composed of three units:the Frequency reference (Fref) unitthe receiver unit (RX)the transmitter unit (TX)The DRX boards for S12000 indoor are:DRX ND3 GSM 900 MHZDRX ND module 1800 MHZDRX ND PCS 19000 MHZE--GSM DRX ND moduleThe DRX boards for S12000 outdoor are:DRXNDPCSDRXNDDCSDRXNDE--GSMMOD: DRX ND3 GSM3.3.3.1 Frequency reference unitThe reference frequency for all local oscillators is derived from the Fref frequencysupplied by the VCXO, itself derived from the 4.096 MHz signal provided by theDRX digital part (CBCF).It provides a very steady and spurious--free reference clock for the RX/TX hoppingand fixed synthetizers (13 MHz signal).3.3.3.2 Receiver unit (RX)The receiver unit (RX) has four main functions. Slot--to--slot frequency hopping isachieved with a dual synthetizer arrangement, that is, one is active while the otheris setting to the following frequency. The RX main functions are:

Architecture Nortel Networks Confidential3--32PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networkssignal down conversion from radio frequency band to Intermediate Frequency(IF) then to base band frequencychannel filtering (in IF)RX--level dynamic managementdigitization of the base band signalThe base band signal is then sent in binary form with its scale factor to the DRXdigital part. The receiver unit works on signal GMSK and on signal 8--PSK.Receiver configurationThe receiver configuration is done by the DRX digital part, which sends:the reception frequency to be used for the following time slotthe synchronization clock signalthe GSM time synchronization signalReceiver monitoringThe receiver monitors internal equipment: microprocessor and Phase Lock Loops(PLL).If there is a failure or other problem, it generates alarms to signal:microprocessor faultfrequency range not respected (if the frequency to synthesize as requested by theDRX digital part is incorrect)PLL loss of alignment (if one of the receiver PLLs is not aligned)3.3.3.3 Transmitter unit (TX)The Transmitter unit has two main parts:IF and RF chainsgain control loop (or Automatic Level Control)IFandRFChainAn I/Q modulator with a Local Oscillator (LO) phase--locked on a referencefrequency transposes the two baseband I/Q signals into the IF chain.This 125 MHz local oscillator (LO_IF) phase--locked on a 13 MHz signal translatesthe baseband signals into an intermediate frequency. (The IF is 125 MHz inGSM 850 and 299 MHz in GSM 1900).The second LO is used for up conversion from IF to RF.

ArchitectureNortel Networks Confidential 3--33S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksThe up--conversion is followed by bandwidth filter, amplifier stages, variablevoltage attenuators, and digital attenuators.The transmitter unit works on signal GMSK and on signal 8--PSK.Gain Control Loop (or Automatic Level Control)The driver transmit chain upholds the accuracy of the transmission powercompatible with the GSM recommendations against time.The control dynamics use two components: one voltage variation attenuator (VVA)and a step--by--step digital attenuator that takes target attenuation into account andcompensates for it.The Automatic Level Control also includes the PA.

Architecture Nortel Networks Confidential3--34PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networks3.3.4 DRX shutting down3.3.4.1 DRX soft blockingThe DRX soft blocking consists in setting a DRX “out of service” without stoppingthe calls established on this DRX. If possible, an intra--cell handover is performedfor those calls to release the DRX more quickly. Otherwise, the DRX will bereleased after the normal completion of the calls.3.3.4.2 DRX soft blocking coupled with a forced handoverTo speed up the DRX shutting down, the DRX soft blocking can be coupled witha forced handover. The calls will be handed over a neighbour cell if the signalstrength is over the handover threshold for that cell.3.3.4.3 HintDRX soft blocking and DRX soft blocking coupled with a forced handover can becombined into one command. This allows greater efficiency in DRX shut--down.3.3.5 Power supply boardThe power supply card provides a dc voltage between 40.5 V and 57 V, to beconverted into +5 V, +12 V and --12 V. The 48 V voltage is sent first to the logicalDRX unit converter, then, after filtering, to the logical DRX unit and the radio DRXunit converter.The power supply of the board varies according to the DRX types and on thefrequencies.The mechanical and electrical grounds are linked to the common reference zerovolts.

ArchitectureNortel Networks Confidential 3--35S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networks3.4 e--DRX functional architectureThe e--DRX board consists of (see Figure 3--10):an e--LDRX digital board including a dc/dc converter, a frame processor TXlogic (GMSK and 8--PSK modulation), and a local time base, working for allfrequency bandsan e--RDRX radio board including a dc/dc converter, a low power driver and adual receiver3.4.1 Modifications between the DRX and e--DRXThis paragraph describes the modifications between the current DRX and thee--DRX. The main features of the e--DRX are:signal processing capacity improvement8--PSK modulation compatibilityreceive dynamic extensionTX output power dynamic reductionpacket backhaul readinessdouble current on internal PCM3.4.1.1 e--LDRX board modificationsThe main modifications concerning the e--LDRX board are:the migration of BDT, AMNU, and TX into a single FPGAthe use of one PowerQuiccthe introduction of the 52 MHz frequency reference functionthe use of two DSPthe extension of the memory capacity (8 Mb for SDRAM, 4 Mb for flash and2MbforSRAM)the size reduction and integration of the dc/dc converter on the e--LDRX boardthe lower power consumption (<15W)

Architecture Nortel Networks Confidential3--36PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksRXEthernete--LDRX digital boardFHbusPrivate PCMe--RDRX radio boardTXDC/DCconverterDC/DCconverterDebugRadioreceptionRadiotransmissionPowersupplyFigure 3--10 e--DRX board: functional block diagram

ArchitectureNortel Networks Confidential 3--37S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networks3.4.1.2 e--RDRX board modificationsThe main modifications concerning the e--RDRX board are:the removal of the 104 MHz frequency referencethe use of RXIC2 module (IF => BF transposition)the RX dynamic extension provided by an AGC (--13 to --110 dBm)the TX output power dynamic reductionthe integration of the dc/dc converter on the e--RDRX boardthe lower power consumption (<15W)double rate on internal PCM3.4.1.3 e--DRX mechanical/electrical modificationsThe main mechanical and electrical modifications applied on the e--DRX are:RF shielding provided by a single covernew cooling method: direct forced convection for Digital boardCMS connectors between e--LDRX and e--RDRXnew RF connectors (long thread)Radio and Digital DC/DC converters are mounted respectively on e--RDRX ande--LDRX.CMS DC/DC converters+5V output e--RDRX DC/DC converter coupled with --5V and +12V discreteDC/DC converter.dual tunable output +3.3V/+2.5V or +1.8V e--LDRX DC/DC converter coupledwith +5V discrete DC/DC converter3.4.2 Main external connections3.4.2.1 Private PCMA private internal PCM is used to link the e--DRX to the BCF. The proprietaryinterface has the same definition as the previous internal PCM, except that the clockis fully synchronous with the radio interface.This bus carries the following information:Radio Signaling Link (RSL) and local Operation and Maintenance (OML) onone time slotTraffic links on two, three, four, six or eight time slotsGSM_TIME channel on a separate time slotThe feature allows the e--DRX to be remotely controlled.

Architecture Nortel Networks Confidential3--38PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksTheTSsforOML/RSLandGSMTimehaveasingleratewhereastheTSsfortrafficmay have a double rate when requested by the CMCF Phase2 board.Furthermore, the eDRX matrix may also have a double rate when requested by theCMCF Phase2 board.3.4.2.2 FH busThe FH bus defined for the S4000 BTS is used, allowing frequency hopping andS4000 BTS compatibility. HDLC bus is no longer supported on the e--DRX.3.4.2.3 e--PA and HePA Controlan asynchronous bi--directional serial link operating in duplex mode carrying ateach RF time slot the mean RF output power of the associated e--PA or the HePA,its temperature, and e--PA and HePA internal alarms (temperature, current,VSWR)a discreet burst synchronization signal. The e--DRX e--PA and e--DRX HePAControl interface is compatible with both the standard PA, HePA, and thestandard e--PA.3.4.2.4 Power SupplyThe e--DRX is powered by a --48V dc supply. Typical consumption is 25W.3.4.2.5 Test linksThe e--DRX has an Ethernet 10/100 baseT port and an asynchronous serial port. Italso has serial lines for emulator connections, and real time trace facilities.3.4.2.6 RF interfacesThe e--DRX unit provides RF reception with diversity and RF transmission at lowlevel.Low level GMSK RF Output (--3dBm typical / 50 Ohms)RF Input Main and RF Input diversity (--84 dBm to 0 dBm / 50 Ohms RF inputsmultiplexed with provisional +12V dc. Supply for RF devices (splitters).3.4.3 e--DRX functional descriptionThis paragraph describes the functional architecture of the e--DRX, but does notdetail each part. The aim is to give enough information to easily approach the mainfeatures.

ArchitectureNortel Networks Confidential 3--39S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networks3.4.3.1 Logic unit (e--LDRX)The logic unit (e--LDRX) contains (see Figure 3--11):an FPGA unit which provides:•a control and switching matrix management function•a time base function•a synchronization functiona management unit (AMNU) which processes:•start--up, downloading, initialization•configuration•monitoring•LAPD break•event reportsa transmission unit which provides:•a radio signaling function•a signal processing function•a power regulation function•a RX logic function•a TX logic functionFPGA unitControl and switching management functionSetting up by setup of e--DRX for AMNU, transmission, and other functionsWhen the BTS is activated, it must be connected to the BSC to work. A link is setup on an external PCM link.DownloadingWhen communications have been set up with the BSC, the BTS reports its status.The BSC downloads, if necessary, the software to the BTS.

Architecture Nortel Networks Confidential3--40PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksRX logic function TX logic functionTransmissionunitFPGA unitLogic unit (e--LDRX)Processing signalfunction(SPU)Radio signalingfunctionPower regulationfunctionManagement unit (AMNU)SynchronizationfunctionControl and switchingmanagement function Time baseRadio unit (e--RDRX)Figure 3--11 Logic unit (e--LDRX): functional architecture

ArchitectureNortel Networks Confidential 3--41S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksSynchronization managementAt the start--up, the BTS selects the clock. During LAPD connection, the BTSforces the clock onto the PCM carrying the LAPD.The e--DRX board recognizes the S12000 thanks to the SEL and adapts to theprivate PCM mapping.Switching matrix managementEach PCM link managed by the switching matrix has a transmission testinterface, reception test interface, and an idle interface.The switching matrix is configured when the BSC requests set up or release of asignaling or traffic channel from the BTS.Signaling channels are set up (or broken) between a transmission signaling TSand a non--concentrated link. This operation may entail (dis)connection betweena concentrated link TS coming from the BTS and a PCM link TS on the PCMinterface.Traffic channels are set up (or broken) between a transmission traffic TS and aPCM link TS on the PCM interface.Data signaling concentration functionThe BTS uses this function to set up the communication between the BSC and theother entities that make up the BTS. This function is implemented with theLAPD protocol that serves concentrator and routing functions.Time baseThe time base regenerates the GSM_TIME bus with information issued from theGSM_TIME channel.If for any reason the GSM time is not distributed to the time base, the time basemaintains the GSM_TIME bus signals locally and continues to provide the GSMtime to the logic unit.Synchronization functionThe synchronization function must synchronize the transmissions on a singlereference time: GSM _TIME.The network provides a radio reference clock via two PCM links that ensureslong--term accuracy. This clock is used by the synchronization module to generatean exact reference time for the radio interface.If the external reference signal is missing, the BTS selects the local clock.The synchronization function is monitored by internal control and monitoringmechanisms. These mechanisms ensure that the synchronization is operatingcorrectly and that the GSM time is available on the GSM_TIME bus.

Architecture Nortel Networks Confidential3--42PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksAMNUThe AMNU (Advanced MaNagement Unit) monitors site and transmissions andmanages the eight time slots of a TDMA frame.The following functions are processed by the frame management unit (AMNU):start--up, downloading, initializationconfigurationmonitoringLAPD breakevent reportsStart--up, downloading, initializationThe AMNU is started by a hardware reset or a re--initialization message sent by theBTS. It configures the LAPD and establishes an OML link with the BSC.Depending on the BSC request, the BTS systematically initiates a downloadingphase of the catalogue files and the following software units:boot software and operating system: BOOTTRX monitoring and maintenance software: OML AMNUsite monitoring and maintenance software: BCFtest software: TOOLSTDMA1 & TDMA2 radio signaling link management software:RSL1 & RSL2hardware configuration DLU: DLUA reflashing of the units for which the software versions are different follows thedownloading.ConfigurationThe transmission is configured by the BSC via the BTS.The configuration provides:a general configuration. It contains the configuration of the TDMA frame andprovides the logic unit parameters shared by the whole cell, such as:•cell to identity (BSIC)•BCCH frequency•indication of frequency hop implementation•the frequency of the TDMA frame if there is no frequency hopping

ArchitectureNortel Networks Confidential 3--43S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networksa configuration of the radio TS. It specifies the logic channel type to use for TS.a configuration of the frequency hop. It specifies, for TS, the list of frequencies touse as well as sequencing. This configuration is optional and only appears if thefrequency hop was requested in the TDMA frame configuration.SupervisionThe BTS regularly sends status requests to detect any problems.LAPD breakA timer monitors the LAPD with the OML and RSL links. If level two loss isdetected, the BSC and the AMNU try to reconnect. If connection is notre--established before the end of the time--out, the AMNU is reinitialized.Event reportsThe AMNU:collects all events detected (internal or external alarms)provides the filtration and reports errors (transmission/reception) to the BSCprovides the filtration to prevent repetition of non--transient events, which meansit can send to the BSC a single indicationThe AMNU sends errors to the BSC by sending “event report” messages throughthe BTS. There are two types of messages:transient messages which are not acknowledged by the BSCnon--transient messages which must be acknowledged by the BSC and which arerepeated by AMNU until they are acknowledgedTransmission unitRadio Signaling functionThe main characteristics of this function are:radio access management (level 1)It manages a dialog between the AMNU signaling functions and the signalprocessing function (SPU), which are connected to the AMNU.radio management (level 2)It manages the LAPDm level 2 signaling on the radio channels.radio resources management (level 3)It provides level 2 management on the common channels and control of level 2functions on dedicated and common channels.

Architecture Nortel Networks Confidential3--44PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networksradio measurements management (level 3)It provides the return of interference measurements carried out by the onesignal--processing unit on the inactive dedicated channels and transmission ofthese measurements to the AMNU.Operation & Maintenance functions (O&M)They provide configuration and unconfiguration of the TS and frequencyhopping functions.Signal Processing functionThe signal processing (SPU) function performs processing associated with thetransmission layer executes a number of functions, such as:modulation/demodulation (GMSK or 8--PSK)ciphering/deciphering of sent and received datacoding/decoding and interleaving/de--interleaving of data from the variouschannelsprocessing radio measurementsmobile transmission timing advance functiondiscontinuous transmission (DTX)BCCH fillingtransmitter and receiver controlPower regulation functionThe Power regulation function performs instantaneous checks on the associatedradio subset. It receives configuration instructions via the AMNU unit, launchesprocessing, and returns reports.When the function is configured, each TS in attendance on the FH bus is in readystate. Then the function calculates the frequency and the power code to be appliedto the radio interface. Each function acts as a control of the set point (emissionpower), to improve the non--linearity of the gain of the transmission chain.It launches the following:frequency hopping managementpower slavingtransmission poweralarms managementRX logic functionThe logic functions

ArchitectureNortel Networks Confidential 3--45S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networksmaintain the interface between the SPU functions with the RX radio functions onthe radio unit (e--RDRX) and the ciphering Uplink/Downlink.filter the digital samples, provided by the RX radio functions, to base bandsignalsgenerate the FH busEach RX radio functions processes the eight TSs of the radio frame.The main characteristics of the RX radio function are:an interface for the reception of the GSM time to maintain the DSPsynchronization on the radio framefor the transmission:•the recording transmission parameters and the cyphering key•the parameters cyphering and the transmission on the FH busfor the reception:•the recording of the reception parameters and the ciphering key•the base band filtering of the digital samples provided by the converter•the ciphering key movingTX logic functionThis function maintains the interface between the SPU functions and the TX radiofunctions of the radio unit (e--RDRX).The TX logic function processes the eight TSs of the radio frame.It ensures the digital/analog conversion of samples, and receives:information about the burst bits, from the RX function and via the FH busmodulated signal samples, according to the modulation format previously setdigital data (alarms, output power, etc.), from various equipments of the analogpart of the transmitterensures corrective actions3.4.3.2 Radio unit (eRDRX)The radio unit (see Figure 3--12) processes the radio channels fortransmission/reception function.

Architecture Nortel Networks Confidential3--46PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksThe e--DRX board includes the following functions:power supply unitreceiver unit and transmitter unitfrequency reference unitPower supply unitThe power supply unit converts common -48 V to specific +5 V/+12 V powersupply signals for the e--DRX radio board.Frequency reference unitThe reference frequency is synthesized by 13 Mhz Phase--Locked--Loop,referenced with the 4.096 MHz (H4M) provided by the digital board.Transmitter unitThe transmitter unit contains the transmission channels of lower power whichmanage the Radio Frequency (RF) signals (GSMK or 8--PSK) and IntermediateFrequency (IF) signals as follows:I/Q modulationIF filtering and amplificationIF and RF transpositionRF band filteringamplification and variable attenuationoutput power controlReceiver unitThe receiver unit includes the reception radio channels which manage the RFsignals (GSMK or 8--PSK) and the IF signals as follows:RF signals from LNA--splitterRF to IF transpositionIF channel filtering and amplificationRF to BF transpositionAnalog--to--digital conversion

ArchitectureNortel Networks Confidential 3--47S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksAmplification RX module(LNA--Splitter)Amplification TX module(LPA)Radio unit(e--RDRX)RX1 (RF)RX2 analog--to--digitalconverterLogic unit (e--LDRX)TX1 (RF)Frequency translation(IF/RF)RX1 (IF) TX1 (IF)RX radiofunctionTX radiofunctionFrequency translation(LF/IF)Frequency translation(LF/IF)Frequency translation(IF/RF)Figure 3--12 Radio unit (e--RDRX): functional unit

Architecture Nortel Networks Confidential3--48PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksPAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

Software descrIptionNortel Networks Confidential 4--1S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networks4 SOFTWARE DESCRIPTION4.1 BTS software presentationBTS software is divided into downloadable files and an onboard PROM.4.1.1 Downloadable filesThe BSC downloads these files via the A--bis interface.There are two sets of files: BCF and DRX. Each set is arranged in a file cataloguethat contain the list of files and the files themselves.4.1.2 PROMPROMchips are read-only memory units used to store software.They are all installed on all BTS equipment boards.4.1.2.1 S12000 BTS CBCF SoftwareThe software product associated with the boards and slaves of the CBCF Modulesare listed in Table 4--1.Board Sofware product name Software product typeCBCF Module PE_CBCF_BPE_CBCF_DLU0BootDLU CodeCPCMI PE_CPCMI_E1PE_CPCMI_T1LoadLoadRECAL PE_RECAL LoadTable 4--1 CBCF software product names

Software descrIption Nortel Networks Confidential4--2PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networks4.1.2.2 S12000 BTS family DRX SoftwareAs listed in Table 4--2, the software products vary depending on whether the BCFor CBCF is used in the BTS. DRX O&M software is used with the BCF. DRXCOAM is used with the CBCF or BCF from V12 onward.Board Sofware product name Software product typeDRX O&M/COAM PE_AMNU_COAM_LPE_AMNU_RSL_LPE_AMNU_BPE_SPU2G_EGAL1_LPE_SPU2G_EGAL2_LPE_SPU2G_1620_LPE_SPU2G_BISTPE_SPU2G_BIST_1620PE_TX_L_COAMPE_BDT_LPE_TOOLSO&M AMNU LOADRSL AMNU LOADAMNU BOOTSPU EGAL1SPU EGAL2SPU 1620BIST SPUBIST SPU 1620TXBDTPL TOOLSDRX PE_AMNU_COAM_LPE_AMNU_RSL_L_CPE_AMNU_BPE_SPU2G_16410_LPE_TOOLSO&M AMNU LOADRSL AMNU LOADAMNU BOOTSPU 16410PL TOOLSTable 4--2 S12000 BTS family : DRX software product names

Software descrIptionNortel Networks Confidential 4--3S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networks4.2 BTS software functionsBTS software is distributed among three major units (see Figure 4--1):The DRX unit is designed to transmit and receive (modulate and demodulate)and manage TDMA frames on the radio channel.The CBCF manages its slave units:•CPCMI, RECAL, or DRX, CC8The TIL unit is used for in--factory testing of the BTS, and to configure, control,and supervise the BTS on site.The following terms are used in this chapter:BIST: Basic hardware self--test programs of a BTS subsystem subassembly.These tests validate a subassembly intrinsically, without disturbing the othersubassemblies. An example is the AMNU BIST, which tests the components(such as memory) of the AMNU unit on theDRXlogical board.Self--tests: Global, functional test programs, which use several subassemblies inorder to validate an assembly (such as the DRX). These tests can be broken downinto tests of more or less elementary functions. This may require externalequipment (so the term may be misleading).Downloading: A process which consists of installing, in the DRX (logical part),software from an external entity (terminal, Ethernet network, BSC, etc.).Loading: A process used to load, into the subassemblies of the DRX (logicalpart), the software it requires for its nominal operation.4.2.1 DRX software functionsThe DRX is downloaded by the BSC, configured and supervised by the BSC andthe CMCF (CBCF) through a LAPD link and a serial link. It serves as a gatewaybetween the radio channel and the BSC. It handles both signaling and voice for allthe logical channels carried by a given TDMA frame.The module has four functions:The AMNU (LAPDm, L3 RSL, L3 O&M) is theDRXsmanagement unit.The SPU is a gateway between the radio network and the BSC.TX and RX manage radio transmission and transmission.The BDT manages the GSM TIME.

Software descrIption Nortel Networks Confidential4--4PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksTILOSKERNELABISO&MKERNELO&MspecificCBCFGroup of slavemanagersDRXCPCMIOS specific(BSP)RECALGroup of slaveequipmentFigure 4--1 Software functions (with CBCF)

Software descrIptionNortel Networks Confidential 4--5S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksL3 O&M AMNUThis software unit centralizes the operating and maintenance functions:initialitization and monitoring of BISTsconnection with Abis and BCFdownloading and software markingconfigurationdefense and alarmstool functionstransmission of GSM TIME to BDT, and of O&M to TXL3 RSLThis software unit represents the Radio Resource (RR) and the radio measurementsfunction (L1M) in the BTS:radio link layer managementdedicated channel managementcommon channel managementTRX managementerror handlingmeasurement collectingmeasurement pre--processing (for power control by the BTS, and for callclearing and handover decision for the BSC)LAPDmThis software unit provides the LAPDm radio level 2 protocol with the mobile.SPUThis software unit enables the level 1 radio communication with the mobile totransmit and receive:gateway between radio and terrestrial network (Abis) for the traffic channelmultiplexing and demultiplexing of the logical channels on physical channelsRXThis software unit provides the radioelectrical reception function.

Software descrIption Nortel Networks Confidential4--6PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksL3 TXThis software unit manages and monitors radio transmission. It is installed in eachDRXboard. It sets the transmitter operation mode, defines the FH bus input fromwhich the TX should read data, and defines the transmission power to be used. Italso controls the Power Amplifier (PA).L1 BDTThis software unit extracts the GSM TIME carried on the PCMp (GSM TIME TS)for the BDT unit.LAPDThis software unit manages the LAPD link level 2 protocol on PCM between DRX,e--DRX, DRX--ND3 and BSC.4.2.1.1 Network IDWith the implementation of V15.0, the BTS detects the type of DRX and PA duringconnection with respect to the BCF and the DRX. Note the following restrictions:If a DRX is not yet connected to the BCF, its type is set to “DRX type” until it isconnected.If a PA is not yet connected to the DRX, its type is set to “PA type” until it isconnected.If a fault beginning has been sent on the DRX type (or PA type) of equipment,because the real equipment type was unknown, the fault ending must be sent on aDRX or PA type, even if the DRX or PA have connected themselves between thefault begin and fault end.4.2.1.2 DefenseThe DRX board carries out no defense actions by itself.

Software descrIptionNortel Networks Confidential 4--7S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networks4.2.2 CBCF software functionsCBCF Software is based on a COAM software architecture, which is composed ofthree main parts:common software for various BTS products•OS Kernel•O&M KernelBTS--specific software dedicated to a BTS product•OS--specific•O&M--specificslave managersThe COAM architecture is shown in Figure 4--2.The CBCF software manages the following O&M functions:PCM managementconfiguration and supervision managementsoftware managementsynchronization managementtest managementduplex management

Software descrIption Nortel Networks Confidential4--8PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksLayer 2Layer 3 accessLayer 2Layer 3 accessSoftwaremanagement Abis managementEquipmentmanagerConnectionmanagerRadioresourcemanagerSynchromanagerInterlayer CBCFSlave managersDRXmanagerCPCMImanagerRECALmanagerSchedulerDuplexManagerO&MkernelCBCFTILBSCDRXequipmentCPCMIequipmentRECALequipmentFigure 4--2 COAM architecture on the CBCF

Software descrIptionNortel Networks Confidential 4--9S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networks4.2.2.1 PCM ManagementThis function selects one of the incoming PCMs for communication with the BSC.It then routes PCM TSs to the appropriate equipment in the BTS as the BSCrequests. Other PCM TSs are routed toward another PCM to allow drop & insertfunctionality.This function also ensures LAPD concentration.4.2.2.2 Configuration and supervision managementThis function translates the OML A--bis model into a physical model to offer astandardized configuration and supervision to the BSC. The CBCF acts as an A--bisfront end toward the BSC for configuration and supervision purposes. It is the onlylink for configuration messages coming from the BSC. The CBCF uses the CBCF/DRX protocol to drive any actions concerning the DRX.4.2.2.3 Software managementThe CBCF performs software management for the BTS and provides the only linkfor downloading messages from the BSC. When a RECAL or CPCMI board isdownloaded, the CBCF/Slave protocol is used.4.2.2.4 Synchronization managementThe CBCF builds the GSM time and provides it to the DRX, e--DRX, or DRX--ND3via a TS or a private PCM. External PCMs ensure long term stability.4.2.2.5 Test ManagementThe CBCF coordinates all BTS tests. When an installation or maintenance actionaffects aDRX,theDRXis driven by the CBCF using the CBCF/DRX Protocol.4.2.2.6 Duplex ManagementThe COAM software manages a cold and hot duplex modes.4.2.3 MaintenanceThe three types of customers include:EDGE customer: function is necessary, because EDGE equipment must bedifferentiated from non--EDGE equipment. An e--DRX must be replaced by ane--DRX. An HePA must be replaced by an HePA.Customer who uses an HePA or an e--HePA mixed cell in concentric cell: anHePA must be replaced by an HePA, and an e--PA must be replaced by an e--PA. ACMCF phase 2 must be replaced by a CMCF phase 2.

Software descrIption Nortel Networks Confidential4--10PE/DCL/DD/0142411--9001--142 Standard 15.102/EN May 2005 Copyright ©2002--2005 Nortel NetworksOther customer: an e--DRX or a DRX ND3 can replace a failing DRX, an e--PA(or an HePA) can replace a PA, if the number of the (H)(e)PA in the BTS respectsthe HePA supported configurations. A CMCF phase 1 can replace a CMCF phase2 (and vice versa), if the CMCF software is compatible with CMCF phase 1. Nomixing between phase 1 and phase 2.4.2.4 TIL software functionsTIL is an application running on a PC in the WINDOWS 95 and WINDOWS 2000environment. The TIL application is connected to the CBCF through an ethernetconnection.The TIL is designed to do the following:validate the BTS in the factoryinstall the BTS siteperform diagnostics of hardware problemscheck equipment substitutioncheck the equipment extension within a cabinetEthernetThis unit is installed in the PC. It provides the level 1 and 2 communication layer.Level 1 is a hardware driver. The level 2 protocol is an LAPD UI frame. TCP--IPProtocol is used.L3 TILThis software unit manages all the boards of the BTS by establishment of a networkwith all the GSM entities of the BTS. It integrates the factory and installation testenvironment.The TIL takes the following testing into consideration:the conformity of the cabinet configurationthe validity of the data linksthe external BTS PCMthe connectors in the cabinet for cabinet extensions

Dimensioning rulesNortel Networks Confidential 5--1S12000 BTS Reference ManualCopyright ©2002--2005 Nortel Networks5 DIMENSIONING RULESFor information on dimensioning, refer to document GSM/GPRS/EDGE BSSEngineering Rules (PE/DCL/DD/0138).

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