BUFFALO 04600142-0 AirStation Access Point User Manual WBR2 Manual indd

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User Manual

Wireless

Cable/DSL Router-G

WBR2-G54

www.buffalotech.com/wireless

Introduction

1.1 AirStation Broadband Router Base Station (WBR2-G54)

Welcome to AirStation, the easy way to ultra fast wireless networking.

This manual, which describes the most common conﬁ gurations, introduces you to the AirStation

Cable/DSL Router, and will help you connect to your network quickly.

The WBR2-G54 router, is a wireless 4-port router small/medium business (SMB) network device

that complies with the 2.4GHz IEEE 802.11g standard speciﬁ cation on wireless LANs. The WBR2-

G54 supports enhanced built-in NAT/SPI ﬁ rewall functions and is used as a multi-functional router/

link between wired and wireless LAN computers.

Summary of the AirStation WBR2-G54 features:

• Wi-Fi™ (Wireless Fidelity) certiﬁ ed by the Wi-Fi Alliance as an 802.11b/g device. AirStation will

communicate with other IEEE 802.11b/g/Wi-Fi compliant wireless LAN products.

• Support for Wi-Fi Protected Access™ (WPA), 802.1x, TKIP, AES, and WEP.

• Automatic Transmit Rate Select mechanism transmits at speeds of 54, 36, 24, 11, 5.5, 2 and 1

Mbps.

• Supports Frame Bursting for enhanced performance.

• DHCP client/server function.

• Auto roaming, supports seamless roaming over multiple channels.

• VPN pass-through, for secure communications.

• Packet Filtering for eliminating unwanted communications.

• SOHO/SMB routing and ﬁ rewall functions provide a safer private networking environment, includ-

ing support for MS NetMeeting and MSN-Messenger.

• Additional SPI Firewall Functions - DMZ, intrusion detection and notiﬁ cation

• Syslog transmits some or all system activities to a central Syslog server.

• Extended range, with optional add-on antennas or WDS (Wireless Distribution System).

• Auto Media Dependent Interface/Crossover (MDI/X) port, allows connection by standard and

crossover CAT5 cables.

• Supports Universal Plug and Play (UPnP).

• Buffalo’s AOSS System for easy, secure wireless client conﬁ guration.

1.2 AirStation Wireless Network Features

• Enhanced security features:

- SPI Firewall and DMZ zone functions to prevent unknown intruders.

- Intrusion Detector Firewall (NAT) with a pop-up or email alert warning unwanted attacks.

- Dynamic packet ﬁ ltering.

- WPA, 802.1x, TKIP, AES, and WEP.

- VPN (IPSec, PPTP and L2TP) pass-through

- Packet monitoring and ﬁ ltering by MAC address, IP address and port.

- PPPoE support

Introduction

- WDS support

• Buffalo’s easy web interface conﬁ guration

• Broadband router static and dynamic routing methods between WAN and LAN based on updated

routing tables. An economical way to bridge multiple networks.

• Optional external antennas for boosting range and signal quality.

• Buffalo’s AOSS System for easy, secure wireless client conﬁ guration.

1.3 Home Networking 1

For the future home entertainment applications that carry hard drives for storing hundreds of titles,

IEEE 802.11g can transmit three channels of CD-quality voice to every room in the home simulta-

neously. Buffalo AirStation wireless access points enable sharing broadband by simply connecting

the AirStation to a DSL or CATV modem to:

• Share ﬁ les and printers

• Access and share the Internet

• Share media ﬁ les

1.4 SOHO/SMB Networking

Introduction

With high-speed DSL or CATV connections readily available, many users can work effectively from

a home ofﬁ ce, connected securely to a corporate network. Buffalo’s solutions are ideal for home

networks that require secure, high-speed access to the corporate LAN. Tools that play an integral

part in Buffalo’s solutions include VPN connectivity for secure access to corporate resources, which

enable the remote employee to handle information from clients or coworkers as if they were in the

ofﬁ ce. Connect the Buffalo AirStation Broadband router AP to a CATV or DSL modem in order to:

•Share broadband access

•Share ﬁ les and printers

•Bridge between multiple networks and multiple computer platforms

•Provide easy and secure access to home or company networks from remote locations

1.5 System Requirements

Figure 1.4

SOHO/SMB

Networking

Introduction

• Broadband (High-Speed) Internet connection or existing Local area connection

• Any Wi-Fi (wireless) compatible computer with a Web Browser Internet Explorer or Netscape 4.5

or later. (Safari 1.0 is supported with Macintosh OS X.2)

1.6 AirStation WBR2-G54 Package Contents

The AirStation WBR2-G54 package consists of the following items.

1. WBR2-G54 Base Station

2. AC adapter and power cable

3. CAT5 LAN cable

4. Utility CD with Manual

5. Quick Setup Guides

6. Warranty Statement

Introduction

1.7 Product Views

Power - Lit when the device is powered on.

Wireless - Lit when the wireless radio is on. Flashes when

wireless trafﬁ c is present.

WAN - Lit when connection to Cable/DSL modem is present.

Flashes when internet trafﬁ c is present.

Diag - Flashes red when performing diagnostic functions.

AOSS - Flashes when in AOSS mode.

Ethernet - 1, 2, 3, or 4 lit when ethernet clients are connected.

Flashes when ethernet trafﬁ c is present.

Introduction

The LAN or Wired MAC address is

the default ESS-ID (SSID) of the

AirStation. The LAN MAC address

is clearly labeled on the back of the

AirStation.

1.8 About the AirStation CD

The AirStation does not require any software to be installed on your computer for conﬁ guration.

The AirStation CD contains client drivers for Buffalo Wireless Adapters (i.e. Notebook Adapter and

Desktop PCI Adapter) and the AirStation documentation.

Prior to copying or installing any software, please read the Software License Agreement “license.

txt”, located in the root folder of the CD. By installing, copying or using the AirStation software, you

are consenting to the terms of this agreement. If you do not agree to all of the terms of the Software

License Agreement, do not download, copy or install the AirStation software.

It is the policy of Buffalo Technology to improve products as new technology, components, software

and ﬁ rmware become available.

Please consult the AirStation wireless website (http://www.buffalotech.com/wireless) to download

and install the latest ﬁ rmware for your product.

Introduction

Follow these simple steps to connect the AirStation to your Broadband Internet connection allowing

you to combine and share wired and wireless computers and printers with the high-speed internet

connection.

1. Power down the cable or DSL modem and

the computer which will be used to conﬁ gure the

AirStation router.

2. Plug the cable or DSL’s LAN Ethernet cable into

the AirStation’s WAN port. Initially, you may need

to unplug this cable from your computer, hub or

other router.

3. Plug the provided Ethernet cable into a LAN

port on the AirStation and plug the other end into

your computer Ethernet adapter’s (NIC) port. If

you plan to initially conﬁ gure the AirStation via a

wireless connection, (not recommended), you may

skip this step.

4. Power on your cable or DSL modem, wait one full minute, Power on the AirStation router, wait

another full minute and then power on the computer which will be used to conﬁ gure the AirSta-

tion. If the red DIAG light on the AirStation is lit or ﬂ ashing after several minutes of being pow-

ered on, please consult Buffalo Technical Support.

Installation / Setup

3.1 Introduction

Conﬁ guring the AirStation using a standard web browser requires basic wireless conﬁ guration

knowledge. Setup includes manual wireless conﬁ guration and basic administrative management.

3.2 Setup Preparation

Make note of the AirStation’s wired MAC address (found on the back of the WBR2-G54). It is also

recommended you record any other broadband ISP information such as global IP address, subnet

mask address, default gateway address, DNS server address and PPPoE parameters.

3.3 Setup Overview

Buffalo recommends using a wired connection, meaning your computer is physically connected to

the AirStation with a CAT5 straight cable plugged into one of the four LAN ports This type of setup

will eliminate possible setup problems due to any issues with the wireless adapter on the computer

being used to conﬁ gure the AirStation.

A Web browser version 4.5 or later can be used to conﬁ gure the AirStation.

Advanced settings for security, ﬁ ltering and other features will be explained in later sections.

Standard Settings

The WHR2-G54 has two internal antennas. One has a

vertical orientation while the other has a horizontal orienta-

tion. This setup is ideal because it allows for proper antenna

polarization with both desktop and notebook style wireless

adapter antennas.

However, it may be necessary to increase your range further

by installing an external, higher-gain antenna. External

antennas come in all shapes and sizes. Antennas also

come with different connectors. The WHR2-G54 has an ‘MC

Connector’ on it. Thus, the antenna must also have an MC

connector.

To install the antenna, slide the antenna connector door on

the back of the WHR2-G54 to the right. This will expose the

MC Connector. Attaching the antenna is simple, just insert

the antenna’s MC Connector into the WHR2-G54’s MC Con-

nector and ﬁ rmly push it in until it snaps into place. Once

snapped, the antenna’s connector will swivel with ease. It is

important not to push the antenna connector in at an angle.

To remove the antenna, pull the antenna connector out. It is

important not to pull the antenna connector out at an angle.

Antenna Installation

3.4 Open the Setup Screen

• Connect the WBR2-G54 according to the wiring instructions in Section 2.

• The WBR2-G54 has a default LAN IP address of 192.168.11.1 and Subnet Mask of

255.255.255.0.

■ Note: The computer used to conﬁ gure

the AirStation should be set to obtain an

IP address automatically using a DHCP

server. The Quick Setup Guide enclosed

with the product contains detailed instruc-

tions on how to conﬁ gure your computer

for initial conﬁ guration.

On the computer used to conﬁ gure the

AirStation, launch a Web Browser 4.5 or

later.

- Enter 192.168.11.1 into the URL ﬁ eld.

- A window will open prompting you to

enter a User ID and Password

Enter “root” as the User ID and leave the password ﬁ eld blank.

■ Note: These are the factory default settings

Fig ure 3.4

Initial

Settings

Standard Settings

3.5 Enter ISP information

• Click the appropriate button to select the type

of broadband access. (Usrs more experienced

in networking may choose to select the Ad-

vanced button and skip to Section 4.)

• For supplementary tools, use the tabs along

the top of the screen.

3.5.1 DSL Button

Select the appropriate connection method.

Automatic IP Assignment by ISP

- The DHCP server of the ISP assigns an IP ad-

dress automatically.

Fig ure 3.5

Initial

Settings

Screen

Fig ure 3.5.1

Initial DSL

button

Screen

Standard Settings

Enter IP address manually

- Enter the IP address given by the ISP.

- Use ‘Enter IP address manually’ if the ISP

requires use of a static IP address.

PPPoE Connection

- Enter the PPPoE information provided by the

ISP.

Fig ure

3.5.1a

Manual DSL

IP Settings

Screen

Fig ure

3.5.1b

DSL PPPoE

Settings

Screen

Standard Settings

3.5.2 CATV (Cable) Button

Select the appropriate connection method.

Automatic IP Assignment by ISP

- Select ‘Automatic IP Assignment by ISP’ if

your ISP’s DHCP server assigns an IP address

automatically.

Enter IP address manually

- Select ‘Enter IP address manually’ if the ISP

requires use of a static IP address.

Fig ure 3.5.2

Initial CATV

Settings

Screen

Fig ure 3.5.2a

Manual IP

Address

Settings

Standard Settings

The IP address is acquired

au to mat i cal ly but DNS server address

is entered manually

Select ‘IP address is acquired automatically

but DNS server address is entered manually’ if

the ISP’s DHCP server supplies an IP address

but not DNS server addresses.

3.5.3 Line Test Tab

Tests the connection to the Internet.

Fig ure 3.5.2b

Auto IP/

Manual DNS

Settings

Fig ure 3.5.3

Line

Test Tab

Standard Settings

3.5.4 Security Tab

The Security Tab offers three Simple Security

Settings. Follow the in struc tions in each screen

to enter WEP keys, MAC Address Filtering and

the degree of ﬁ rewall security for the AirStation.

Fig ure 3.5.4

Security Tab

Standard Settings

Fig ure 3.5.4a

Simple WEP Setup.

- Select the desired encryption and

enter an appropriate WEP key to

encrypt your network. See the

section on Wireless LAN Security

starting on ‘Page 22’ for more

information on encryption.

Fig ure 3.5.4b

Simple MAC Address Filter.

- Select ‘Limit’ to use MAC ﬁ lter-

ing. See ‘Page 30 for more infor-

mation on MAC Address Filtering.

Fig ure 3.5.4c

Simple Security Setup.

- See ‘Page 49’ for more information

on Intrusion Detector.

Standard Settings

3.5.5 Application Tab

The Application Tab offers setup for special

applications such as games, MS NetMeeting

and MSN Messenger. Follow the instructions

in each screen.

Although your AirStation will function ﬁ ne using only the settings from Section 3, you may wish to

explore more advanced options. Chapter 4 explains each function in the Advanced settings area.

Fig ure 3.5.5

Ap pli ca tion

Tab

Standard Settings

Fig ure 3.5.5a

Web Gaming Setup

-Enter the ports(refer to Game

documentation) the game runs

on, and enter the Local IP Ad-

dress of the PC that plays the

game.

Fig ure 3.5.4b

NetMeeting Setup

-Enter the IP Address of the PC

that will use Netmeeting.

Fig ure 3.5.4c

MSN Messenger Setup

-Refer to the on-screen help for

information about Messenger.

Standard Settings

AOSS

AOSS (AirStation One-Touch Secure System) is a simple, one-touch setup for connecting wireless

clients to an access point while setting up the most secure possible connection. Users no longer

need to worry about choosing the proper security protocols, IP addresses, or ESS-ID's. The

intelligence of AOSS determines the most optimal connection and conﬁ gures itself in seconds.

■ NOTE: AOSS automatically creates a secure connection between your AOSS Access Point and

client. You must have a Buffalo AOSS enabled wireless client device to use the AOSS features of

your AOSS Access Point/Router.

◗ Conﬁ gure your WBR2-G54's internet con-

nection by referring to the instructions in

the WBR2-G54's Quick Setup Guide.

◗ Once the WBR2-G54 has been conﬁ g-

ured, follow the directions to install your

wireless client device and its drivers if

necessary. Certain wireless client adapt-

ers require client software to conﬁ gure

them. If your device has a Client Man-

ager, then install it as well.

■ NOTE: If the wireless client adapter is

installed on a PC, then the AOSS client

manager will need to be installed as well. If your wireless client adapter is a standalone device that

does not require a PC, then just power up the device.

Standalone Devices: Ethernet Converters and Access Point Bridges

Client Manager Devices: CardBus, USB, and PCI Adapters.

Standalone

AOSS Device

Client Manager

Device

Client Manager

Software

◗ Now that the WBR2-G54 and wireless client adapter are

installed, you can use AOSS to conﬁ gure them.

◗ To begin the conﬁ guration, press the AOSS button on

the back of the WBR2-G54 for 3-5 seconds. The AOSS

light will begin to ﬂ ash when the AOSS mode has been

enabled. You can stop pressing the button at this point.

■ NOTE: AOSS mode will stay active for a period of

two minutes. This is the time-slot required to initiate the

wireless client adapter. The AOSS LED will stop ﬂ ashing

when AOSS mode has stopped or timed out.

◗ Refer to your wireless client adapter's AOSS

supplement to initiate the wireless client adapter's AOSS

mode.

◗ It typically takes 10-15 seconds for the AOSS light to

stop ﬂ ashing after the AOSS button has been pressed

on the wireless client adapter. Once conﬁ guration is

complete, the AOSS light will remain steady. Please

refer to your wireless client adapter's supplement for the

remainder of the setup.

AOSS

Additional AOSS Information:

◗ Only one AOSS wireless client adapter can be conﬁ gured to the AOSS router at a time. Thus,

the button will need to be repressed for each additional AOSS wireless client adapter that will be

connected.

◗ It is not necessary to AOSS client devices that have already been conﬁ gured via AOSS, unless

signiﬁ cant changes have been made to the wireless network.

◗ Do not attempt to conﬁ gure two separate AOSS networks at the same time, as it may cause

undesired conﬁ gurations.

◗ If an undesired client has connected via AOSS, it can be disconnected from within the WBR2-

G54's advanced conﬁ guration menus.

Click the Top tab and click the Advanced button.

4.1 LAN Settings

Set up LAN connections.

4.1.1 Wireless

Wireless Function - Enable or

disable wireless LAN computer

communication.

ESS-ID (SSID) - Allows ad-

ministrator to alter the ESS-ID

of the AirStation. To com-

municate with a speciﬁ c AP

only, the AP’s ESS-ID must be

entered in the client computer.

The client computer looks for

the speciﬁ c AP (or ESS-ID) for wireless communication. Use up to 32 al pha nu mer ic characters for

the ESS-ID (case sensitive). By default the ESS-ID is the LAN Mac address of the AirStation.

■ Note: Roaming - When multiple AirStations have an identical ESS-ID, WEP key (if WEP is used),

(and channel in WDS mode) , client computers may Roam between the AirStations.

Wireless Channel - Select the channel used for wireless communication. There are 11 overlap-

ping channels. Channels 1, 6 and 11 are non-overlapping.

Advanced Settings

Fig ure 4.1.1

Wireless

Settings

If there are multiple APs in close proximity using the same channel, there may be interference. In

this case, change to a non-overlapping channel.

Privacy Separator - Enable or disable communication between wireless clients. If you choose to

use this feature, every wireless client that is associated to the AirStation will not be able to commu-

nicate with any other wireless clients.

■ Note: If this function is used, wired clients can still communicate with wireless clients.

BSS (Basic Service Set) Basic Rate Set - The transmission data rates offered by the AirStation.

It is recommended to use the ‘Default’ selection to accomidate 802.11 and 802.11b rate sets. It is

NOT recommended to use the ‘All’ selection, as some devices may not understand all of the rate

sets offered by the AirStation.

Frame Bursting - This function increases 802.11b communication throughput by transferring pack-

ets more efﬁ ciently. The following conditions affect this function:

• The wireless LAN client adapter must support Frame Bursting (and it must be enabled). If

the wireless LAN client adapter does not support Frame Bursting, or Frame Bursting is not

enabled, then it will operate at non-Frame Bursting speeds.

It is recommended to leave Frame Bursting enabled as it can only help throughput, not hurt it.

DTIM Period - An access point transmits beacon signals to nearby clients at a preset interval. This

parameter sets the beacon transmission interval time (1-255 seconds). Se lec tion of a larger num-

ber may conserve energy for the client computer (when client power management is enabled), but

may delay wireless communication. The default value of 1 is recommended.

Advanced Settings

Wireless output power - Conﬁ gure output power of the AirStation. Decrease wireless output

power to shrink the wireless communication range. The default setting of 100% is recommended

unless decreased range is desired

4.1.2 Wireless LAN Security

Broadcast SSID - Enable or Disable the SSID (ESS-ID) from being broadcasted. If denied, the

AirStation will not be found unless the speciﬁ c AirStation’s SSID is entered in the client computer

manually.

Data Encryption - Disable

to have no encryption of the

wireless data. This will make

accessing the AirStation and

the network very easy. It is

important to note, that without

encryption it is easy for strang-

ers to connect to your network,

especially if the AirStation is

broadcasting its SSID.

Select the type of data encryp-

tion:

Fig ure

4.1.2

Wireless

Security

Settings

Advanced Settings

• Disabled - Disable data encryption.

- WEP - Uses WEP encryption. Encryption key should be entered.

- TKIP - Uses TKIP (Temporal Key Integrity Protocol) for data encryption.

The encryption key is renewed every “Re-key interval” when “TKIP” is selected.

WEP - When the WEP (Wired Equivalent Protection) encryption standard is implemented into a

wireless network, a WEP key is used between the client and access point to successfully encrypt,

transmit and decrypt data. For this reason, the same WEP key must be used for communication

between the client and the AirStation.

An access point and client may both carry multiple WEP keys. It is necessary for not only the WEP

keys to match, but also the WEP key’s order. If a wireless client cannot support multiple WEP keys,

the AirStations must be conﬁ gured to transmit key number 1 for a connection to take place.

Examples of WEP key:

64-bit ASCII: 5 digits of alphanumeric characters, “ab34Y”

128-bit ASCII: 13 digits of alphanumeric characters, “123456abcdef7”

■ Note: ASCII WEP keys are case sensitive.

64-bit HEX: 10 digits, using characters 0-9 and a-f, “00234ABCDE”

128-bit HEX: 26 digits, using characters 0-9 and a-f, “20123456789abcdeabcdeabcde”

TKIP - TKIP (Temporal Key Integrity Protocol) is a WEP expanded encryption technique. TKIP has

Advanced Settings

greatly improved WEP’s weaknesses by rotating secret keys between every packet. TKIP uses

WPA-PSK (pre-Shared Key).

AES - (Advanced Encryption Standard) is a next generation encryption technique discussed by the

IEEE 802.11i committee for WPA2.

TKIP improves WEP’s weakness, however AES also changes encryption method away from the

weaker RC4 style.

Throughput decreases 10 to 20 percent when TKIP software encoding is used. On the other hand,

AES doesn’t decrease performance at all because it uses a hardware co-processor.

TKIP Method - The TKIP method speciﬁ es whether TKIP is processed via a software algorithm or

through a hardware accelerator. The hardware method has a limitation of 12 clients, the software

client has a higher limitation of 50 clients. It is recommended to use the hardware method unless

more then 50 clients will be using TKIP at any given time. The hardware method results in better

wireless performance.

Characteristics:

- The Initialization Vector is expanded from 24-bits to 48-bits.

- The Initialization Vector is randomized.

- Uses a different RC4 key for every packet.

TIKIP requires an 8 to 63 character passphrase in ASCII or 64 digits hexadecimal key.

Example 1: [ airstation -WPA-PSK ]

Example 2: [0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef]

Advanced Settings

WPA Group Rekey Interval - When TKIP is selected, the encryption key is renewed at this inter-

val. This interval is in seconds; the range of acceptable values is 0-3600.

If 0 is entered, the key is never renewed.

■ Note: The lower the rekey interval, the more often a rekey occurs. Setting a low rekey interval

may affect performance negatively.

IEEE802.1x/EAP authentication (WPA) - Conﬁ gure Authentication and WPA Settings.

Do not authorize - Do not use any RADIUS Server based authentication.

Authorize - Authorized clients access this AirStation via RADIUS Server.

Use 802.1x/EAP to authorize every wireless client who wants to access the AirStation by using

802.1x/EAP and a RADIUS Server. The RADIUS server provides login information for every user

establishing a more secure system than TKIP or other ﬁ xed encryption key methods. This also

reduces the amount of necessary key maintenance.

A RADIUS server is necessary for IEEE802.1x/EAP authentication. Enter [RADIUS Server], {RA-

DIUS Port] and [RADIUS Key] information.

RADIUS authentication

RADIUS Server - Enter RADIUS server IP address.

RADIUS Port - Enter port number for authentication.

RADIUS Key - Encryption key between RADIUS Sever and the AirStation. Enter the same key as

registered in the server. Use a 1 to 256 character alphanumeric code.

Advanced Settings

4.1.3 LAN Port

Set the LAN side Ethernet

settings.

LAN Side IP address - Allows

ad min is tra tor to specify a static

IP and Subnet Mask for the

LAN side of the AirStation.

■ Note: If the AirStation’s IP

address is changed, the con-

ﬁ guring computer’s IP must be

changed to the same range to

continue conﬁ guration. If the

LAN IP is changed, restart the

AirStation. (Section 4.4.10). If

the IP address is changed, then the DHCP scope must be changed to match.

DHCP Server Function - Allows administrator to enable/disable the DHCP server function for the

AirStation LAN side. Select Use to enable and Do not use to disable the function. Once Use is

selected, the assigned IP address range can be speciﬁ ed. Enter the starting LAN IP address and

total number of computers the DHCP server can accomidate.

■ Note: If there is another DHCP server on the network, one either must be disabled or the IP

range must be changed to avoid conﬂ icts derived from overlapping DHCP scopes.

Figure

4.1.3

LAN Port

Settings

Advanced Settings

4.1.4 DHCP Server

Allows a more advanced con-

ﬁ guration of the DHCP server

functions.

DHCP Server Function - Al-

lows ad min is tra tor to enable/

disable the DHCP server func-

tion for the AirStation LAN side.

Select Use to enable or Do not

use to disable this function.

If the DHCP service is enabled,

wireless and wired clients

may receive IP addresses and

other network information from

the AirStation. If the DHCP

server is turned off, all client PC’s must have unique, static IP addresses and valid network settings

manually entered. Check with your LAN administrator for static IP information.

Assigned IP address (Range As sign ment) - Sets the beginning address and range of addresses

to be assigned by the AirStation’s DHCP server function. Select up to 253 consecutive addresses

(nodes). The IPs to be excluded from the range spec i ﬁ ca tion should be entered in the speciﬁ ed

ﬁ eld.

Figure 4.1.4

DHCP Server

Settings

Advanced Settings

Lease duration - Speciﬁ es the time in hours (1-999) an assigned IP address is valid. If the client

computer does not request a renewal of IP address before the lease period expires, the AirStation

can issue the IP to another client computer.

Default Gateway - Allows administrator to use the Default Gateway address (the AirStation’s IP

address), assign a speciﬁ c Gateway address, or block clients from Gateway notiﬁ cation.

DNS server - Allows administrator to use the default DNS address (the AirStation’s IP address),

assign speciﬁ c DNS addresses, or block clients from DNS address notiﬁ cation.

WINS server - Allows administrator to use a WINS address. Select auto assignment of the IP ad-

dress, enter a speciﬁ c WINS IP address, or block clients from the WINS address notiﬁ cation.

Domain name - Allows administrator to use an assigned domain name, assign a speciﬁ c domain

name, or block clients from domain name no ti ﬁ ca tion. Domain names will be sent to LAN comput-

ers when an IP address is assigned. Enter a maximum of 64 al pha nu mer ic characters.

Advanced Settings

Manual IP and MAC Address

As sign ment - Allows adminis-

trator to add additional leased

IP addresses tied to a speciﬁ c

MAC address. When a spe-

ciﬁ c MAC address connects to

the AP, the IP address speci-

ﬁ ed will be given to that client.

Display/Delete lease informa-

tion - List of IP addresses,

MAC addresses, lease periods

and status is displayed.

Figure

4.1.4b

Manual IP

and MAC

Address

Assignment

Settings

Advanced Settings

4.1.5 Wireless MAC Filter

Wireless PC’s Connection -

Select Limit to restrict wireless

connections to the registered

adapters in the list. Select Do

not limit to disable MAC ad-

dress ﬁ ltering.

Figure 4.1.5b

Wireless MAC

Filter

Advanced Settings

MAC address - MAC access

restriction set up in LAN. Input

the MAC addresses that are

allowed to communicate with

the AirStation.

MAC address list - Displays a

table list of all MAC addresses

allowed to communicate with

the AirStation.

Advanced Settings

Figure 4.1.5b

Allowable PC’s

MAC Address

4.1.6 Wireless Bridge

(WDS)

The Wireless Distribution

System supports peer-to-peer

AP communication.

Wireless Bridge (WDS) Func-

tion - Select Enable to allow

Bridge (WDS) mode between

AirStations or Disable to block

communication between

AirStations.

Wireless Bridge (WDS) dedi-

cated mode - Select Enable to

restrict wireless computer com-

munication with the AirStation.

In dedicated mode wireless

clients CANNOT connect to

WDS AirStations.

■ Note: All AirStations must support WDS and be on the same channel. For roaming support, use

the same SSID on all devices.

Add AirStation (wireless MAC Address): Allows administrator to input the wireless MAC address

of AirStations for Bridge (WDS) communication. The wireless MAC address is found in the Man-

Advanced Settings

Figure 4.1.6

Wireless

Bridge (WDS)

Settings

agement section => System

Information, labeled wireless

MAC address.

To enable WDS, set the Wire-

less Bridge (WDS) function to

Enable.

Enter the Wireless MAC

address of the AirStation to

communicate with in the form

of two characters separated by

a colon and click Add.

MAC Address Ex:

00:00:00:00:00:00

Up to six AirStation MAC ad-

dresses may be registered.

Click Apply under Wireless Bridge (WDS) settings when the wireless Mac addresses AirStation are

entered.

Repeat this process on every other AirStations used in Bridge (WDS) mode.

Figure 4.1.6b

Wireless

Bridge (WDS)

Settings

Advanced Settings

4.2 WAN Settings

4.2.1 WAN Port

Communication Method of

Wired WAN - Select port speed

and type of duplex connecting

to the WAN port. If unknown,

select Auto negotiation.

MAC Address of WAN - Set

the AirStation MAC address

to be used for WAN com mu -

ni ca tion. Some ISP’s may

require you to set the MAC Ad-

dress of WAN to be the same

MAC address of your cable or

DSL modem.

IP Address of WAN - Allows

administrator to select DHCP server, PPPoE, or manual setting for the WAN port of the AirStation.

Auto IP assignment from DHCP server - acquire the IP address automatically from the DHCP server.

Use PPPoE client - If selected, the in for ma tion listed below must be entered.

Manual setting - Enter the appropriate IP address and subnet mask.

Figure

4.2.1 WAN

port Setup

Advanced Settings

PPPoE Setting (for enabling PPPoE Client function) - Allows administrator to use PPPoE as

speciﬁ ed by the ISP.

The following parameters should be entered for PPPoE Settings:

Name of Connection - Enter the name of your connection.

User Name - Enter the user name (up to 64 alphanumeric characters) for PPPoE au tho ri za tion.

Password - Enter the password provided by your ISP (up to 64 alphanumeric characters). Reenter

the password in the Conﬁ rmation box.

Service Name - Enter the PPPoE service name (up to 64 alphanumeric characters). If your ISP

doesn’t require a service name, then leave it blank.

Connection Type - Select from:

- Continuous Connection - connects im me di ate ly after setting and never

disconnects.

- Connect on Demand - Reconnects when the disconnect time elapses.

- Manual - Disables Automatic Con nec tion. Connects to the Internet using the connect button on

the initial settings page.

The Enter New Connection button will not appear until Use PPPoE Client is set.

Disconnection Time - Specify the number of minutes (0-1440) before automatic dis con nect is

performed. If “0” is entered, the dis con nect function is disabled. If Con tin u ous Connection is

selected, the timer is disabled.

Advanced Settings

Authorization - Authorization

method for accessing the ISP’s

PPPoE server. If unknown,

select Auto authorization.

MTU (Maximum Transmit

Unit) Size - Maximum Transmit

Unit (578-1492) when using

PPPoE.

MRU (Maximum Receive

Unit) Size - Maximum Receive

Unit (578-1492) when using

PPPoE.

Keep Alive - Enables the

PPPoE client to send a Link

Control Protocol (LCP) echo

request to the PPPoE server

once per minute. If there is no reply within six minutes, the client disconnects. Set to Disable if

frequent disconnection occurs.

Activation - Enable/disable registered connection settings. If disabled, the connection is not per-

mitted.

Figure

4.2.1a

PPPoE

Settings

Screen

Advanced Settings

4.2.2 Network of WAN

WAN side (Internet) param-

eters. These settings are gen-

erally not required if your ISP

is providing DHCP services. In

this case these ﬁ elds can be

left blank if desired.

Host Name - Enter the host

name as desired.

Default Gateway - A default

gateway IP should be assigned

to the AirStation. If unknown,

leave blank. If Auto IP

as sign ment from DHCP Server is selected in Section 4.2.1, a gateway IP is assigned automati-

cally, provided the DHCP server is set to provide one.

DNS Server Address - Enter the primary and secondary DNS address(es) of the server to be used

by the AirStation for DNS resolution.

If DNS was set to Do not use (Section 4.1.4), leave blank. If Auto IP as sign ment from DHCP

Server was selected, DNS addresses are assigned automatically, provided the DHCP server is set

to provide them.

Fig ure 4.2.2

Network of

WAN

Advanced Settings

Port Number for WEB Settings - Set a speciﬁ c port number when remote setup of the AirStation

is planned. Using port 80 allows the AirStation to be accessed from the internet by connecting to

http://xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx (where xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx is your WAN IP address). You will need to conﬁ gure

the NAT (Section 4.32) to forward PORT 80 back to the AirStation.

PING from WAN - Allows a PING test from the WAN/Internet. Select Do not respond or Re-

spond.

Advanced Settings

4.3 Network Setting

4.3.1 Routing Setup

RIP transmission to WAN

- Allows RIP transmission or

None (no RIP) to WAN

RIP reception from WAN - Al-

lows RIP reception or None (no

RIP) from WAN

RIP transmission to LAN - Al-

lows RIP transmission or None

(no RIP) to LAN

RIP reception from LAN - Al-

lows RIP reception or None (no

RIP) from LAN

RIP transmission to WAN - Allows RIP transmission or None (no RIP) to WAN

Display current information - Allows administrator to view and delete routing information.

Click Add Route to Add a Routing Table Entry

•Destination address - Network IP address and subnet mask.

Fig ure

4.3.1

Routing

Setup

Advanced Settings

• Gateway - Address through

which the packet passes be-

fore it reaches the des ti na tion

address.

• Metric - Number of routers

(1-15) to be passed before the

packet reaches its destination.

Fig ure

4.3.1b

Add Routing

Table Entry

Advanced Settings

4.3.2 Address

Translation

Address Translation - Select

Use or Do not Use. Address

Translation must be enabled

for client computers to connect

to the Internet. Selecting Use

enables the following func-

tions:

• IP Masquerade - When the

LAN computer connects to the

WAN side, the IP address of

LAN computer is dynamically

translated to become the WAN

IP address of the AirStation.

Multiple LAN computers can

share one WAN IP address to

access the Internet.

• Static IP address translation -When the WAN requests connection to the LAN, the WAN IP

address of the AirStation is translated into the IP address of the LAN computer.

Fig ure 4.3.2

Address

Translation

Setup

Advanced Settings

Log Output - Set ‘Log Output’ to log discarded packets. Otherwise, a dropped packed is not

logged.

IP address of DMZ - Allows administrator to set the DMZ (De-Militarized Zone) address. Incoming

packets containing no recognizable destination port information will be re di rect ed to the DMZ’s IP

address.

Display/Delete NAT Table

- Allows ad min is tra tor to delete

NAT tables.

Add NAT Table

Group - Specify a group (up

to 16 characters) that the NAT

rule belongs. Groups are sim-

ply used to visually organize

the NAT table for the admin-

istrator. It is recommended

to name the group after the

protocol that is being setup (e.g. Group Name FTP when setting up address translation for FTP)

Click New Group to create new group or select an existing group to add a NAT rule to it.

IP address of WAN - Select AirStation’s IP address of WAN or Manual setting. For Manual set-

ting, enter the IP address used by the WAN computer to connect to the local computer.

Fig ure

4.3.2b

Address

Translation

Setup

Advanced Settings

AirStation’s IP address of WAN should be used unless you have multiple WAN side IP

addresses.

Some network applications (online games or streaming software) require adding Address Transla-

tion tables; consult the software’s documentation for port information).

Protocol (WAN):

• All - Selects all IP protocols.

• ICMP - Network Diagnostic Protocol (1).

• Manual - Specify the protocol number (0-65535).

• TCP/UDP - Enter port number for TCP or UDP protocols. If both TCP and UDP are required,

then separate entries are required.

IP address of LAN - Select Manual and enter the destination IP address of the LAN computer; or

select AirStation’s IP address of LAN. AirStation’s IP address of LAN should be used when

setting up the port for web setting (Section 4.2.2). For the web setting, forward a TCP port (typi-

cally port 80) from AirStation’s IP address of WAN to the same TCP port for AirStation’s IP address

of LAN.

Protocol (LAN) - Enter destination port number. If left blank, the packets are transferred to the

same port number as the source port number. Typically the destination port should be left the

same as the source port.

• Click Add to NAT table. This will add the information to the NAT table. Once you have gone

through this process for every desired translation, you will need to press the Apply button on the

top of the screen to start the translating.

Advanced Settings

4.3.3 Packet Filter

Log Output - Select Output to

activate the packet ﬁ lter log.

Packet Filter Information

Basic Rule - Click add/delete

basic rules. Place a check

mark next to the basic rule to

enable:

• Prohibit setup from wire-

less LAN - Prohibits adminis-

tration from a wireless com-

puter.

• Prohibit setup from wired

LAN - Prohibits administration

from a wired computer.

• Prohibit setup via wireless bridge access point - Prohibits a personal computer connected to

another AirStation in a wireless bridge.

• Prohibit NBT and Microsoft-DS routing - Prevent unexpected external access via Microsoft

network sharing. This prohibits computers on the internet from accessing shared resources on

Windows machines. It is recommended to leave this ﬁ lter activated.

• Reject the IDENT request - The AirStation sends reject packets if it receives an IDENT request.

Figure

4.3.3

Packet

Filter

Setup

Advanced Settings

Use this ﬁ lter when the com-

munication speed goes down

using a network application like

E-mail, FTP and WEB.

* If IDENT requests are for-

warded to a LAN side client

by address translation setting

(DMZ or TCP port :113 ), this

basic rule is ignored.

IP Filter setting - Limits the

type of packets allowed to pass

between the WAN and LAN.

The maximum number of rules

is 32.

• Operation - Packets from

WAN (or LAN), select ignored,

rejected, or accepted. Select

the operation to be performed

on the packets.

Packets from:

• WAN side - packets coming

from the WAN side will be

ﬁ ltered.

Figure

4.3.3a

Basic Filter

Setting

Advanced Settings

• LAN side - packets from the

LAN side will be ﬁ ltered.

Are :

• Ignored - Stop the packet and

do not route it.

• Rejected - Return the rejected

packet to the point of origin.

• Accepted - Pass the packet

through.

• Destination IP Address -

The IP address to be ﬁ ltered.

• Source IP Address - The IP address designated for ﬁ ltering. If all IP addresses must be ﬁ ltered,

leave this box blank.

Warning: If administrator selects packet from LAN is Ignored or Rejected, the ad min is tra tor will

no longer have access to the AirStation conﬁ guration screens. This function prohibits setup from

a wireless or wired computer. The AirStation can be returned to the factory default settings by

holding down the INIT button on the back of the unit for ﬁ ve seconds or until the red DIAG light

becomes solid.

Protocol - Mark and select a speciﬁ c protocol. Select from all protocols, ICMP, arbitrary protocol

number and TCP/UDP protocol number.

Figure

4.3.3b

IP Filter

setting

Advanced Settings

• All - Selects all IP protocols.

• ICMP - Network Diagnostic Protocol (1).

• Manual - Enter protocol number (0-65535).

• TCP/UDP Destination Port - Select TCP or UDP, then enter port number.

Priority - Specify the priority an item. The smaller the number, the higher the priority.

MAC Filter - Click Enter MAC

ﬁ lter to enter MAC address.

Source MAC address -The

MAC address of the source of

the packets that will be ﬁ ltered

may be set. Click Add rule

when complete.

■ Note: If conﬁ guring from a wireless computer, add your MAC address to the list of au tho rized

wireless LAN PCs. The MAC address must be in two-digit groups separated by colons.

Example: 00:40:26:00:11:22

Click Apply when settings are complete.

Advanced Settings

Figure

4.3.3c

Add MAC

Filter

setting

4.3.4 Intrusion Detector

The Intrusion Detector watch guards and prevents unauthorized access from the WAN (Internet)

This function also records information on unauthorized access attempts

Intrusion Detector - Select Do not use, Use or Use (Apply Packet ﬁ lter setting for Intrusion

Detector setting).

IP Spooﬁ ng - Check Block to prevent IP spooﬁ ng.

Threshold Value - Enter the number (1-999) of suspect packets before the notiﬁ cation occurs.

Notify by email

• Notiﬁ cation email address - Enter des ti na tion email address

• Sender email address - Enter the email address that will send the email. This is the name

that will appear as the sender when the email is read. This email can be made up (e.g.

DETECTOR@AIRSTATION

Advanced Settings

• Sender email server address - En-

ter the SMTP Server address.

• Receiving email server au tho -

ri za tion - Enter the POP3 Server

address, User name and Password.

This is only required if your SMTP

server requires POP veriﬁ cation

before it allows email to be sent. Con-

sult your ISP or mail server support

for more information.

• Send test - Click Send to test no ti -

ﬁ ca tion; this will also save and commit

the entries.

Pop-up notiﬁ cation - Pop-up window

alert of unwanted activity. Client Man-

ager must be installed and running on

a client machine to use this feature.

• Destination IP address - Enter the IP address to be notiﬁ ed. The LAN computer with this IP address

must have Buffalo’s Client Manager software installed and running for the veriﬁ cation to occur. If the

machine is off the veriﬁ cation will not be received, and the AirStation will NOT resend information.

Intrusion Detector information - displays log activity detected by the Intrusion Detector service.

Figure

4.3.4

Intrusion

Detector

Setup

Advanced Settings

4.3.5 UPnP

Select Use to enable UPnP

(Universal Plug and Play).

When a computer with UPnP

support connects to the AirSta-

tion, that computer automati-

cally receives conﬁ guration

information from the AirStation.

Advanced Settings

Figure

4.3.5

UPnP

Setting

4.4 Management

(Network Diagnosis

Settings)

4.4.1 System

Information

System information of the

AirStation is obtained here.

• Model name - Displays

model and ﬁ rmware version

• AirStation Name - Displays

AirStation host name

• DHCP Server function

- Displays On or Off

• Wireless - Displays the

wireless LAN settings such

as wireless MAC address

and wireless ﬁ rmware. The

wireless MAC address is required for setting up WDS with other access points. This is the best

place to determine the wireless MAC address.

• LAN - Displays the AirStation LAN settings

• WAN - Displays the AirStation WAN settings

Advanced Settings

Figure

4.4.1

System

Information

• Default Gateway - Displays the default gateway settings

• WAN side IP address auto acquisition - This is the method to acquire the IP address from the

WAN (Internet) side DHCP server. Press Release to release current DHCP WAN information.

Press Renew to obtain WAN information from the DHCP server. NOTE: If a manual IP is assigned

to the WAN port, this feature is not displayed.

4.4.2 Name and Pass-

word

AirStation name - When using

multiple AirStations, select a

unique name to make it eas-

ier to identify each AirStation

through the AirStation Manager

utility. This utility is seldomly

used, thus, the AirStation

name value has little value.

Administrator name - “root”,

cannot be changed

Administrator password -

Allows the administrator to en-

ter an administrator password

to restrict access to the setting

screens.

Advanced Settings

Figure

4.4.2

Name and

Password

Setup

• New Password - Enter new password. Enter up to eight alphanumeric characters (case sensi-

tive)

• Conﬁ rm Password - Reenter the new password for conﬁ rmation

4.4.3 Time setup

Time setup - Enter the current

date and time, and click Set.

NTP - Network Time Protocol.

Select Use or Do not use.

■ Note: If NTP is used, time is

set au to mat i cal ly.

NTP server name - Enter the

NTP server name

Check Interval - Enter the time

interval (in hours) for the time

check frequency

Time Zone - Select local time

zone

Click Set.

Advanced Settings

Figure

4.4.3

Time Setup

Screen

4.4.4 Transfer Packet

Condition

Displays number of packets

sent and received for:

Wired WAN

Wired LAN

Wireless LAN

Click Refresh to start update

the transfer packet log.

Advanced Settings

Figure

4.4.4

Transfer

Packet

Condition

4.4.5 Client Monitor

Displays the wired and wireless

clients (computers) that are

accessing the AirStation.

• MAC address - Shows the

client’s MAC address.

• Leased IP address - Shows

the IP address that is assigned

to the client from the DHCP

server.

The network medium is

indicated as wireless or wired

depending on how the client is accessing the AirStation.

■ Note: The Client Monitor only shows clients that have received an IP address from the

AirStation’s DHCP server. Clients that have static IP addresses will not appear in the Client

Monitor.

Advanced Settings

Figure

4.4.5

Client

Monitor

Screen

4.4.6 PING Test

Performs a PING test from the

AirStation to a LAN or WAN

address.

Enter the target IP address and

click OK (e.g. 192.168.11.2

- OR- www.buffalotech.com)

If the test results in an error,

then verify you correctly

inputted the address and

check your connections.

Advanced Settings

Figure

4.4.6

PING Test

4.4.7 Log Information

Display log info level - Select

Error and/or Notify to spec-

ify the types of reports to be

logged by the AirStation.

Display log info - Select the

speciﬁ c reports to be logged.

Log information - Displays

recorded logs.

Advanced Settings

Figure

4.4.7

Log

Information

Screen

4.4.8 Syslog

transmitting

Select Use or Do not use

to enable or disable the

AirStation’s ability to transmit

information to a Syslog server.

• Syslog Server - Enter the IP

address of the Syslog server.

• Log Information Level

- Select Error and/or Notice to

specify the types of reports to

be sent to the Syslog server.

• Log Information - Select the

speciﬁ c reports to be sent to

the Syslog server.

■ Note:

A server on the net-

work running a Syslog service

is required for this.

Advanced Settings

Figure

4.4.8

Syslog

Transmitting

Screen

4.4.9 Save/Restore

Settings

Save current settings - Click

Save to open the ﬁ le saving

dialog and save the current

AirStation settings to a ﬁ le.

Restored saved settings

- Restores settings from a ﬁ le

that has been saved. Click

Choose ﬁ le to select the saved

ﬁ le and click Restore.

■ Note:

If the setting ﬁ le is

saved by a newer ﬁ rmware than

the current one, the AirStation

can’t restore the settings.

Advanced Settings

Figure

4.4.9

Save/

Restore

Settings

Screen

4.4.10 Initialization/

Reboot

Click Restart to reboot

AirStation

Click Restore to reset the

AirStation to default factory

settings.

■ Note:

Resetting to default

factory settings will erase

all settings and passwords

previously entered. The

AirStation will return to the

condition it was in when ﬁ rst

purchased.

Advanced Settings

Figure

4.4.10

Initialization/

Reboot

4.4.11 Firmware Update

Firmware ﬁ le name - Click

Browse to browse to the path

and ﬁ lename for the new ﬁ rm-

ware. Click Firmware Update to

load ﬁ rmware to the AirStation.

■ Note: Firmware update does

not erase current user settings.

Please visit the Buffalo Tech-

nology Web Page to download

the latest ﬁ rmwares free of

charge.

http://www.buffalotech.com/

wireless

Advanced Settings

Figure

4.4.11

Firmware

Update

Additional Information

For more information, please consult:

• The AirStation website at:

http://www.buffalotech.com - for frequently asked questions (FAQ’s) and Software Updates.

Advanced Settings

4.4.12 AOSS

Status - Click refresh to refresh

the status of the AirStation’s

AOSS sessions.

AOSS Function - Click Enable

to allow the AirStation to use

AOSS function. Click Disable

to shut off the AOSS system.

Clicking Disable will disable the

AOSS button on the AirStation.

Launch AOSS - Click Launch

AOSS to begin the AOSS se-

quence. This starts the AOSS

process just like pressing the

AOSS button.

Reset - Click Reset to release

the AOSS information, including

encryption keys.

Figure

4.4.12

AOSS

Advanced Settings

WBR2-G54 BASE STATION SPECIFICATIONS

Physical Speciﬁ cations

Dimensions W3 x H6.75 x D6.1in. (76 x 171 x 155mm)

Weight 1 lb. (620g)

Temperature & Humidity

Operation 0˚ to 40˚ C

Maximum humidity 80%

Transit/Storage 0˚ to 40˚ C maximum humidity 80% (no condensation)

Power Characteristics

Transmit Mode 1.1A (Nominal),

Power Supply 3.3 V

Regulatory Information

Wireless communication is often subject to local radio regulations. Although AirStation wireless

networking products have been designed for operation in the license-free 2.4 GHz band, local radio

regulations may impose limitations on the use of wireless com mu ni ca tion equipment.

Speciﬁ cations

Networking Characteristics

Compatibility

• IEEE802.11g/b Standard for Wireless LANs

• Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity) certiﬁ ed by the Wi-Fi Alliance.

Host Operating System

Microsoft Windows® 98SE/ME/NT4.0/2000/XP, Unix, Linux and MacOS

Media Access Protocol

Wired - CSMD/CD (Collision Detection)

Wireless - CSMD/CA (Collision Avoidance) with Acknowledgment (ACK)

Radio Characteristics

RF Frequency Band 2.4 GHz (2400-2483 MHz)

11 selectable channels (3 non-overlapping)

Modulation Technique Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum

• ODFM for High Transmit Rate

• DQPSK for Standard Transmit Rate

• DBPSK for Low Transmit Rate

Speciﬁ cations

Spreading 11-chip Barker Sequence

Nominal Output Power 13.5 dBm

Transmit Rate / Range

High Speed 54 Mbps

Medium Speed 36 Mbps

Standard Speed 2 Mbps

Low Speed 1 Mbps

Open Ofﬁ ce Environment

160 m (525 ft.)

270 m (885 ft.)

400 m (1300 ft.)

550 m (1750 ft.)

Speciﬁ cations

Semi-Open Ofﬁ ce Environment

50 m (165 ft.)

70 m (230 ft.)

90 m (300 ft.)

115 m (375 ft.)

Closed Ofﬁ ce

25 m (80 ft.)

35 m (115 ft.)

40 m (130 ft.)

50 m (165 ft.)

Receiver Sensitivity -83 dBm -87 dBm -91 dBm -94 dBm (depends on data rate)

Delay Spread (at FER of <1%) 65 ns 225 ns 400 ns 500 ns (depends on data rate)

• The range of wireless devices can be affected by metal surfaces, solid high-density materials

and obstacles in the signal path.

Table “Radio Characteristics” lists the typical ranges when used indoors:

• In Open Ofﬁ ce environments, clients can “see” each other, i.e. there are no physical obstruc-

tions between them.

Speciﬁ cations

• In Semi-open Ofﬁ ce environments, work space is separated by room dividers; client cards are

at desktop level.

• In Closed Ofﬁ ce environments, workspace is separated by ﬂ oor-to-ceiling brick walls.

■ Note:

The range values listed in Table “Radio Characteristics” are typical distances as

measured at Buffalo Technology AirStation laboratories. These values are provided for your

guidance but may vary according to the actual radio conditions at the location where the AirStation

product is installed.

AirStation IEEE 802.11 Channel Sets

The range of the wireless signal is related to the Transmit Rate of the wireless communication.

Communications at a lower Transmit range may travel longer distances.

Center Channel ID FCC

1 2412 2 2417 3 2422 4 2427 5 2432 6 2437 7 2442 8 2447 9 2452 10 2457 11 2462

11 default channel

Speciﬁ cations

Common Problems:

• Out of range, client cannot connect to the AirStation.

• Conﬁ guration mismatch, client cannot connect to the AirStation.

• Absence or conﬂ ict with the Client Driver.

• Conﬂ ict of another device with the AirStation hardware.

B.1.1 LED Activity B

Monitoring LED activity helps identify problems.

• Power LED should be GREEN,

• Wireless LED should be GREEN if the line is active. If is it blinking GREEN, wireless communica-

tion is active.

• Ethernet LED should be GREEN (100Mbps) or AMBER (10Mbps) while the communication is ac-

tive.

DIAG LED Activity

Unplug the power for three seconds. Plug the power back in to monitor the DIAG LEDs during start-up.

If any symptoms match section B.1.1, call the Buffalo Tech Support line 24 hours a day, 7 days a week

at 866-752-6210 or email info@buffalotech.com.

Troubleshooting

Table B.1.1 DIAG LED Activity Table

DIAG LED Display Time Description/Action

Continuous Red Starting RAM Error Red ﬂ ash, 2 times Starting Flash ROM

Error

Red ﬂ ash, 3 times Starting A problem in the wired LAN side

Red ﬂ ash, 4 times Starting A problem in the wireless LAN side

B. 1.2 LEDs Work But Client PC Cannot Connect to Network

If the LEDs indicate that the network is working properly (Power LED is on, Transmit/Receive LED

blinks), check the TCP/IP settings of the network.

Changing Client TCP/IP Settings in Windows

Consult the LAN Administrator for TCP/IP settings.

To add or change the TCP/IP Settings:

1. On the Windows task bar click Start.

2. Select Settings, then Control Panel.

3. Double-click on the Network icon to view the Network Properties.

4. From the list of installed components, verify the TCP/IP => wireless LAN adapter protocol is

installed.

Troubleshooting

• If the wireless adapter protocol is not yet installed, click the Add button and select the TCP/IP

protocol from the list. Refer to Windows Help for more information.

• If the wireless adapter protocol is installed, select the protocol and click the Properties button.

Verify the parameters match the settings provided by your LAN Administrator. Make changes

if necessary, and click OK.

5. When or if prompted, restart your computer.

B. 1.3 Other Problems

Please refer to www.buffalotech.com for further reference materials.

Troubleshooting

10BaseT or 100BaseTx: 802.3 based Ether-

net network that uses UTP (Unshielded twisted

pair) cable and a star topology. 10 is 10 Mbps

and 100 is 100 Mbps.

802.1x: The standard for wireless LAN authenti-

cation used between an AP and a client. 802.1x

with EAP will initiate key handling.

Ad-Hoc Network: The wireless network based

on a peer-to-peer communications session.

Also referred to as AdHoc.

Bandwidth: The transmission capacity of a

computer or a communication channel, stated in

Megabits per second (Mbps).

BSS (Basic Service Set): An 802.11 network-

ing framework that includes an Access Point.

Bus Mastering: A system in which the speci-

ﬁ ed Input/Output device (e.g. NIC Card) can

perform tasks without the intervention of the

CPU.

Client: A PC or workstation on a network.

Cross-Over Wiring: A UTP cable that has its

transmit and receive pair crossed to allow com-

munications between two devices.

DCE (Data Communications Equipment):

Hardware used for communication with a Data

Terminal Equipment (DTE) device.

Default Gateway: The IP Address of either the

nearest router or server for the LAN.

Default Parameter: Parameter set by the

manufacturer.

Destination Address: The address portion of

a packet that identiﬁ es the intended recipient

station.

DHCP (Dynamic Host Conﬁ guration Pro-

tocol): Based on BOOTP, it uses a pool of IP

addresses, which it assigns to each device con-

nected to it, and retrieves the address when the

device becomes dormant for a period of time.

DNS (Domain Name System): System used

to map readable machine names into IP ad-

dresses

Glossary

Driver: Software that interfaces a computer

with a speciﬁ c hardware device.

DSSS (Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum):

Method of spreading a wireless signal into wide

frequency bandwidth.

DTE (Data Terminal Equipment): Device that

con10BaseT or 100BaseTx: 802.3 based

Ethernet network that uses UTP (Unshielded

twisted pair) cable and a star topology. 10 is 10

Mbps and 100 is 100 Mbps.

Dynamic IP Address: An IP address that is

automatically assigned to a client station in a

TCP/IP network, typically by a DHCP server.

ESS (Extended Service Set): A set of two

or more BSSs that form a single sub-network.

ESS-ID is user identiﬁ cation used in the ESS

LAN conﬁ guration.

Ethernet: The most widely used architecture

for Local Area Networks (LANs). It is a shared-

media network architecture. The IEEE 802.3

standard details its functionality.

Ethernet cable: A wire similar to telephone

cable that carries signals between Ethernet

devices.

File and Print Sharing: A Microsoft application

that allows computers on a network to share

ﬁ les and printers.

Firmware: Programming inserted into pro-

grammable read-only memory, thus becoming a

permanent part of a computing device.

Frame: A ﬁ xed block of data, transmitted as a

single entity. Also referred to as packet.

Full-Duplex: To transmit on the same channel

in both directions simultaneously.

Half-duplex: To transmit on the same channel

in both directions, one direction at a time.

Hub: A device which allows connection of com-

puters and other devices to form a LAN.

IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics

Engineers): The professional organization

which promotes development of electronics

technology.

Glossary

IP (Internet Protocol) Address: A unique 32-

binary-digit number that identiﬁ es each sender

or receiver of information sent in packets.

Infrastructure: A wireless network or other

small network in which the wireless network

devices are made a part of the network through

the Access Point.

ISP (Internet Service Provider): A company

that provides access to the Internet and other

related services.

IV (Initialization Vector): The header section

of an encrypted message packet.

LAN (Local Area Network): A group of com-

puters and peripheral devices connected to

share resources.

LED (Light Emitting Diode): The lights on

a hardware device representing the activity

through the ports.

MAC (Medium Access Control) Address:

A unique number that distinguishes network

cards.

Mbps (Mega Bits Per Second): A measure-

ment of millions of bits per second.

MDI/X (Media Dependent Interface/Cross-

over): Port on a network hub or switch that

crosses the incoming transmit lines with the

outgoing receive lines.

MHz (MegaHertz): One million cycles per

second.

NAT (Network Address Translation): An inter-

net standard that enables a LAN to use one set

of IP addresses for internal trafﬁ c and a second

set for external trafﬁ c.

NIC (Network Interface Card): An expansion

card connected to a computer so the computer

can be connected to a network.

Packet: A block of data that is transferred as a

single unit, also called a frame or a block.

Packet Filtering: Discarding unwanted net-

work trafﬁ c based on its originating address or

its type.

Glossary

mation between computers.

RADIUS (Remote Authentication Dial In User

Service): A server that issues authentication key to

clients.

RAM (Random Access Memory): Non-permanent

memory.

Repeater Hub: A device that collects, strengthens

and transmits information to all connected devices,

allowing the network to be extended to accommo-

date additional workstations.

RC4: The encryption algorithm that is used in WEP.

RJ-45 connector: An 8-pin connector used be-

tween a twisted pair cable and a data transmission

device.

ROM (Read Only Memory): Permanent memory.

Router: Device that can connect individual LANs

and remote sites to a server.

Roaming: The ability to use a wireless device while

moving from one access point to another without

losing the connection.

PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect): A

bus that is connected directly to the CPU.

PCMCIA (Personal Computer Memory Card

International Association) Card: Remov-

able module that adds features to a portable

computer.

Ping (Packet Internet Groper): An Internet

utility used to determine whether a particular IP

address is online.

Plug and Play: Hardware that, once in-

stalled (“plugged in”), can immediately be

used (“played”), as opposed to hardware that

requires manual conﬁ guration.

PoE (Power over Ethernet): A mechanism

to send DC power to a device using a CAT5

Ethernet cable.

PPPoE (Point-to-Point Protocol over Ether-

net): A speciﬁ cation for connecting users on an

Ethernet line to the Internet through a common

broadband medium.

Protocol: A standard way of exchanging infor-

Glossary

Script: A macro or batch ﬁ le containing instruc-

tions and used by a computer to perform a task.

Server: Any computer that makes ﬁ les or

peripheral devices available to users of the

network and has a resident Network OS.

SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol): The

protocol used to deﬁ ne and deliver electronic

mail (E-mail) from one location to another.

SNMP (Simple Network Management Proto-

col: An application layer protocol that outlines

the formal structure for communication among

network devices.

Static IP Address: A permanent IP address is

assigned to a node in a TCP/IP network. Also

known as global IP.

STP (Shielded Twisted Pair): Twisted Pair

cable wrapped in a metal sheath to provide ex-

tra protection from external interfering signals.

Subnet Mask: An eight-byte address divided

into 4 parts separated by periods.

TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/In-

ternet Protocol: Protocol used by computers

when communicating across the Internet or

Intranet.

TKIP (Temporal Key Integrity Protocol): An

encryption method replacing WEP. TKIP uses

random IV and frequent key exchanges.

Topology: The shape of a LAN (Local Area

Network) or other communications system.

Twisted Pair: Cable that comprises 2 or more

pair of insulated wires twisted together.

UDP (User Datagram Protocol): A com-

munication method (protocol) that offers a

limited amount of service when messages are

exchanged between computers in a network.

UDP is used as an alternative to TCP/IP.

Uplink: Link to the next level up in a communi-

cation hierarchy.

UTP (Unshielded Twisted Pair) cable: Two or

more unshielded wires twisted together to form

a cable.

Glossary

WAN (Wide Area Network): A networking sys-

tem covering a wide geographical area.

WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy): An encryp-

tion method based on 64 or 128-bit algorithm.

Web Browser: A software program that allows

viewing of web pages.

Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity): An organization that

tests and assures interoperability among WLAN

devices.

Wire Speed: The maximum speed at which a

given packet can be transferred using Ethernet

and Fast Ethernet standard speciﬁ cations.

WLAN (Wireless LAN): A LAN topology using

wireless devices.

VPN (Virtual Private Network): A security

method to connect remote LAN users to a cor-

porate LAN system.

Glossary

Federal Communication Commission Interference Statement

This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device,

pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection

against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses and can

radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may

cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference

will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio

or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is

encouraged to try to correct the interference by one of the following measures:

• Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.

• Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.

• Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is con-

nected.

• Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.

FCC Caution: To assure continued compliance, (example - use only shielded interface cables when

connecting to computer or peripheral devices). Any changes or modifications not expressly approved

by the party responsible for compliance could void the user’s authority to operate this equipment.

This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions:

(1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference

received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.

FCC / CE Information

IMPORTANT NOTE: