Balluff HF-0405-XXX-01 Passive RFID Reader/Writer User Manual Part II

BALLUFF inc Passive RFID Reader/Writer Users Manual Part II

Contents

Users Manual Part II

Chapter 3: Power & Communication Configuration 32 Chapter 3 ● Power & Communication Configuration This chapter describes the electrical options, power requirements and communication configuration of the HF-0405 Series RFID Controller. Power Requirements To function properly, the HF-0405 must be powered by a power supply capable of providing voltages of 10 to 30 volts DC, with an Operating Range of 180mA and a Surge Current of 250mA. Refer to Appendix B for power supplies offered by Escort Memory Systems. Warning about “Hotplugging” Never connect or disconnect the HF-0405 while the power is on. This is sometimes referred to as “Hotplugging”. Turn power off prior to plugging or unplugging the controller. Reapply power only after the unit is reconnected.
Chapter 3: Power & Communication Configuration 33 Serial Interface Options There are three distinct versions of the HF-0405 RFID Controller. Each version provides supports for one specific serial interface requirement. Prior to purchasing one or more HF-0405 Series RFID Controllers, determine which of the three serial interface protocols your Host and RFID application will require. HF-0405 Model Numbers and Supported Serial Interface Protocols HF-0405 Model Number Supported Serial Interface Usage Recommended Maximum Cable Length HF-0405-232-01 RS232 Point-to-Point Host/Controller15 Meters HF-0405-422-01 RS422 Point-to-Point Host/Controller50 Meters HF-0405-485-01 RS485 Subnet16™ Multidrop bus architecture, support for up to 16 connection nodes through HF-Gateway Controller. 1000 Meters
Chapter 3: Power & Communication Configuration 34 RS232 Interface Connection In a point-to-point configuration where the distance from the Host to the HF-0405 is less than 15 meters, it is possible to connect the two through an RS232 serial interface connection. The recommended cable medium for RS232 communication is produced by Belden, part number 9941. This cable is non-paired, 22 AWG stranded (7x30) tinned copper with S-R PVC insulation. Specifications for Belden cables can be found at WWW.BELDEN.COM. RS422 Interface Connection RS422 will support cable lengths up to 50m for point-to-point Host/Controller connections (provided adequate gauge cabling is used for power and signals). In installations where long cable runs must be used, or in electrically noisy environments, RS422 is the communications standard of choice for point-to-point serial communications. The recommended cable medium is Belden part number 3084A, or Belden part number 3082A. With a maximum Baud Rate of 38.4kBaud, it is generally unnecessary to terminate the RS422 terminals to match the impedance of the cable. This provides a functional impedance match at all baud rates up to 38.4KBaud, the maximum rate supported by the HF-0405 RFID Controller. The RS422 receiver within the HF-0405 RFID Controller has failsafe protection circuitry which eliminates the need for any pull-up or pull-down resistors on the RS422 lines. RS485 Interface Connection RS485 supports Subnet16™ Multidrop bus architecture and protocol, allowing for up to 16 connection nodes on one bus connected through a Subnet16 Gateway. The HF-0405-485 uses an M12 (12mm Eurofast) Male 5-pin connector.
Chapter 3: Power & Communication Configuration 35 Making Connections Connect the HF-0405 to the appropriate serial interface on the Host: RS232, RS422 or RS485. Connecting the HF-0405 to the Host 1. Connect the female end of your M12 serial communications cable to the male plug on the HF-0405. 2. Connect the other end of the serial communications cable to your Host’s COM1 port (RS232 or RS422 compatible). 3. Note COM1 default settings of 9600 baud, 8 data bits, 1 stop bit, no parity, and no flow control. Make modifications if needed. 4. Connect your power supply connector to the HF-0405. 5. Turn on the power supply, LEDs on unit should illuminate. COM Port Configuration In normal use for reading and writing to RFID tags, communications with the HF-0405 RFID Controller can be accomplished via the COM1 serial communications port on the Host computer. The COM 1communications interface can be accessed by both point-to-point and addressed serial communications protocols. For point-to-point serial communication, the HF-0405 RFID Controller supports RS232 and RS422 as the standard protocols. For multiplexed communications (where more than one RFID controller will be used), RS485 (Ethernet) is an available option. Both RS232 and RS422 interfaces are optically isolated. The RS422 interface is especially suited for long cable lengths, and for noisy environments. Applications that require long cable runs should be configured to avoid creating data transmission delays of over 200 milliseconds between the Host and controller. COM Port Parameter Options COM 1 Options and Default Settings Configuration Parameter Available Choices Default SettingBaud Rate (in BPS) 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, 19200, 38400 9600 Data Bits 7, 8 8 Stop Bits 0, 1 1 Parity Even. Odd, None None Handshake None, Xon/Xoff None
Chapter 3: Power & Communication Configuration 36 Pinouts HF-0405-232/422 Pinouts RS232 - Pin Descriptions 1. 24V DC PWR 2. 0V (Power GND) 3. N.C. 4. N.C. 5. N.C. 6. RX 7. TX 8. Shield (Communication GND) RS422 - Pin Descriptions 1. 24V DC PWR 2. 0V (Power GND) 3. TX+ 4. TX- 5. RX+ 6. RX- 7. TX232 8. Shield (Communication GND) N.C. = Not Connected
Chapter 3: Power & Communication Configuration 37 HF-0405-485 Pinouts RS485 - Pin Descriptions 1. Shield (Communication GND) 2. 24V DC PWR 3. 0V (Power GND) 4. TX/RX+ 5. TX/RX-
Chapter 3: Power & Communication Configuration 38 The Configuration Tag Configuration Tag Overview In the past, RFID controllers had multiple jumpers and dip switches which were used to set configuration parameters. The HF-0405 Controllers have no switches and are software configurable via commands. In the event that serial communication parameters are improperly assigned, recycle power to the RFID controller and place the configuration card in the RF field. When power returns to the controller, factory default settings will be reset. The Configuration Tag is unique for every HF-0405 Controller and contains specific manufacturing data which can be valuable in troubleshooting a system. The configuration tag is a 112-byte ISO 15693 compliant tag that has much of the memory locked at the factory to prevent important data from being overwritten. As noted above, this tag can also be used to restore factory defaults in the event that serial communications become programmed to an unknown state. It is recommended to write the product serial number on the tag and store it in a safe place. For testing and demonstration purposes, certain addresses have not been locked and can be written to. For the HF-0405-485-01 controller, this configuration tag can be used to manually set Subnet16™ node addresses. Configuration Tag Memory Map The HF-0405 Configuration Tag is a 112-byte tag, where the first 16-bytes (addresses 00 - 15) are used to store factory default settings and specific product ID information. Some of the remaining memory is used in the manufacturing process to record production and test data. Using the Configuration To restore factory default settings to the HF-0405 follow the steps below.
Chapter 4: LED Status 39 Chapter 4 ● LED Status This chapter describes the functions of the LEDs on the HF-0405 and explains their error condition messages. The HF-0405 Series RFID Controllers have eight LEDs. The LEDs are conveniently located on the top panel of the HF-0405 and display everything from RF and COM activity to tag presence, diagnostic information and power status. Normal LED Operation Functions LED Color Red Green Yellow Yellow Yellow Yellow Yellow Green Function RF Activity COM Activity Node 24 (16) Node 23 (8) Node 22 (4) Node 21 (2) Node 20 (1) Power On PWR24 23 21 22 20 COMR FRF Field
Chapter 4: LED Status 40 LED Descriptions RF LED, Color is Red: the RF LED will turn on when RF power is being transmitted from the antenna and stays on during entire RF operation. By default, this occurs each time an RF command is being executed. COM LED, Color is Green: the COM LED indicates that data is being sent or received. On receipt of a command, the COM LED will begin flashing on and off rapidly. After the controller issues the command response, the COM LED flashing will halt. When a continuous read command is sent, the COM LED will stay on and will turn off briefly only while data is being read or written to a tag. Node Address LEDs, Colors are Yellow: Weighted by powers of 2, these five LEDs indicate the serial communications type for HF-0405-232 and HF-0405-422 models. For the HF-0405-485 model, the five yellow LEDs are used to indicate the current Subnet16 address of the HF-0405-485 model (See below). Power LED, Color is Green: Power LED will remain on while power is applied to the HF-0405.
Chapter 4: LED Status 41 HF-0405-232 LED Status On the HF-0405-232 model, the yellow LED 20 should be on steady state to indicate RS232 mode. HF-0405-422 LED Status On the HF-0405-422 model, the yellow LED 21 should be on steady state to indicate RS422 model. PWR 24 23 21 22 20 COM R F RF FieldPWR24 23 21 22 20 COMR FRF Field
Chapter 4: LED Status 42 Node 0 Node 1 Node 2 Node 3 Node 4 Node 5 Node 6 Node 7 Node 8 HF-0405-485 LED Status The five yellow LEDs on the HF-0405-485 indicate Subnet16 node address (used in conjunction with Escort Memory Systems’ Subnet16 Gateway or Subnet16 Hub). Weighted by powers of 2, the yellow LEDs indicate (in binary) the current Subnet16 node address assigned to the HF-0405-485. For example: 20 = 0x01 (node 1), 21 = 0x02 (node 2), 22 = 0x04 (node 4), 23 = 0x08 (node 8), 24 = 0x10 (node 16). There are 16 functional Subnet16 node addresses (1 – 16). The HF-0405-485 is shipped with the default address of node 0. After it has been recognized by the Subnet16 Gateway or Hub, it will be assigned the next available Subnet16 node address (1 through 16). For configuring the node address or resetting the node address using the configuration card, see Chapter 3 – the Configuration Tag. Subnet16 Node Addresses for the HF-0405-485 PWR 242321 2220 COMR FPWR2423212220COMR FPWR 24 23 21 22 20 COM R F PWR 242321 2220 COMR FPWR2423212220COMR FPWR 24 23 21 22 20 COM R F PWR 242321 2220 COMR FPWR2423212220COMR FPWR 24 23 21 22 20 COM R F
Chapter 4: LED Status 43 Node 9 Node 10 Node 11 Node 12 Node 13 Node 14 Node 15 Node 16 PWR2423212220COMR FPWR 24 23 21 22 20 COM R F PWR 242321 2220 COMR FPWR2423212220COMR FPWR 242321 2220 COMR FPWR 24 23 21 22 20 COM R F PWR2423212220COMR FPWR 24 23 21 22 20 COM R F
Chapter 4: LED Status 44 Special LED Operation Functions Updating Firmware (Part 1) With the PWR LED on the right, the LEDs will illuminate one at a time sequentially from right to left to indicate that the firmware update file is being copied to internal memory. The LEDs will repeat this R to L sequence until the controller has completely received the firmware update file.
Chapter 4: LED Status 45 Caution: do not stop, cancel or abort the firmware update operation, AND do not unplug or remove power from the controller under any circumstance until part 2 of this procedure is completed. Updating Firmware (Part 2) After the update file has been copied to internal memory, the LEDs will blink on and off repeatedly during which time the update file is being written to flash memory. Warning: do not cancel or abort this operation, do not unplug or remove power from the controller until this procedure is completed.
Chapter 4: LED Status 46 Error Conditions When an RFID operation error occurs, other than a Command Timeout, the red RF LED and one or more yellow LEDs will flash in unison. The yellow LEDs represent the error code in binary. The COM LED will stay on to help orient the binary LED positions. The yellow LEDs will continue to flash the error code until a valid command is received. If an unrecoverable error occurs, the LEDs will continuously flash the error code until the controller has been reset. Please see Chapter 7, for a list of error codes and their descriptions. This example depicts Error 10. When an error occurs, the COM LED will stay on to help orient the binary LED positions. The power LED should always be on when power is applied to the HF-0405.
Chapter 5: Communication Protocols 47 Chapter 5 ● Communication Protocols This chapter contains an overview of the protocols used by the HF-0405 to communicate with the Host and describes how to use them to issue RFID commands. Communication Overview When an RFID command is issued, the Host computer instructs the RFID controller to perform a given task. After performing that task, the RFID controller will usually reply back with a Command Response message indicating the status or results of the attempted command. This response indicates whether the command was successfully completed or if the RFID controller failed to complete the command. ABx Command Protocols To understand and execute RFID commands, the HF-0405 and the Host must be able to communicate using the same language. The language that they use to communicate RFID commands is referred to as the Command Protocol. The type of Command Protocol that is used is known as the ABx Command Protocol, of which there are three variations. The three versions of the ABx Command Protocol that are supported by the HF-0405 RFID Controller are: • ABx Fast (default) • ABx ASCII • ABx Standard The ABx Fast command protocol is a single byte-based packet structure that permits the execution of RFID commands while requiring the transfer of fewer total bytes than ABx Standard. This is the default command protocol for the HF-0405. It can be used with or without a checksum byte. The ABx ASCII command protocol also uses a single byte-based format that permits the execution of RFID commands using a seven-bit ASCII character set. This can be useful in applications reading data bytes with values from 0x00 - 0xFF or where software flow control is required. ABx ASCII will prevent data from interrupting communications when a control character is received. This protocol can also be used with or without a checksum. The ABx Standard command protocol uses a 2-byte, word-based format that shares a common syntax and with most existing RFID systems produced by Escort Memory Systems. This protocol offers legacy support, which may be required by existing PLC applications that only support a 2-byte word packet format. If your application requires compatibility with existing or legacy RFID devices from Escort Memory Systems, use ABx Standard. ABx Standard does not support the use of a checksum byte. By default, the HF-0405 is configured to use ABx Fast (No Checksum). ABx Fast (as the name suggests) is the faster and more efficient of the three ABx protocols, offering increased communication speed and error immunity. The “No Checksum”
Chapter 5: Communication Protocols 48 option is chosen for its ease of use. However, we encourage the use of checksums for most applications. ABx Command Structures In its simplest form, ABx commands are comprised of a header, a number of parameters, and a command terminator. The structure of every ABx command will, at the very least, contain these basic elements. [Command Header - Command Parameters - Command Terminator] In ABx Fast and ABx ASCII, each command begins with the 2-byte header 0x0202 and ends with the one-byte terminator 0x03. In ABx Standard, every command begins with the one-byte header "0xAA," and ends with the two-byte terminator "0xFFFF". See the table below for further clarification. ABx Protocols Headers and Terminators ABx Protocol Header Terminator ABx Fast 0x0202 0x03 ABx ASCII 0x0202 <STX><STX> 0x03 <ETX> ABx Standard 0xAA 0xFFFF When a command is issued from the Host, the RFID controller stores the incoming data packet in a buffer while it scans the data for a start character (0x0202 or 0xAA). When a start character is found, it checks for the proper terminator (0x03, <ETX> or 0xFFFF). Having identified a potentially valid command string, the controller will verify the format of the data and either perform the requested function or generate an error message. ABx Response Structures After receiving and/or performing a command, the HF-0405 will issue a Command Response message back to the Host. Similar in structure to ABx commands, an ABx Command Response contains a header, a number of response values, and a response terminator. The response structure for all three ABx protocols consists of these same basic elements: [Response Header - Response Values - Response Terminator] For all three ABx protocols, the response header and response terminator will be the same as their command header and command terminator counterparts.
Chapter 5: Communication Protocols 49 ABx Command Parameters ABx commands have specific parameters that may be modified depending on your application. Some of the typical Command Parameters include: Command Size, Packet Length, Command Timeout and Starting Address. Command Timeout Most ABx commands require the setting of a Timeout Value that is used to limit the length of time that the HF-0405 will attempt to complete a specified operation. The Timeout Value is measured in increments of 1 millisecond, with a maximum value of 65,534 (0xFFFE) milliseconds, or slightly more than one minute. For most ABx commands, the absolute minimum Timeout Value which can be issued to the controller is 1 millisecond. However, we recommend 2000 milliseconds as the shortest timeout value to use. The HF-0405 does support a limited number of commands that will allow a Timeout Value of 0, in which case the controller will try indefinitely to complete the issued command. However, for the most part, a timeout value of 0 will cause the controller to generate an error message. (See Chapter 6 for specific details regarding each ABx command). During Write commands, the tag must remain in the field until either the command completes successfully, or the Timeout period has expired. If a Write command is initiated with a tag in the antenna's active field and then the tag leaves the field before the command has completed or times out, data may be lost or corrupted. It is recommended that you use the longest Timeout Value permitted by your application. Command Size ABx Fast and ABx ASCII commands require that the byte length of the Command Size be included as a parameter in the Command Data Packet. To calculate the Command Size, add the number of total bytes within the Command Data Packet while excluding the Header, Command Size, Checksum (if present) and Terminator. Another method for identifying the length of the Command Size is to add the number of bytes of all Command Parameters located between (but not including) the Command Size parameter and the Terminator or Checksum, if present (the Command Size remains the same with or without a Checksum). The combined total is a 2-byte value indicating the Command Size. A long timeout value does not necessarily mean that a command will take any longer to execute. This value only represents the period of time that the controller will attempt to execute the command.
Chapter 5: Communication Protocols 50 Checksum Options ABx Fast and ABx ASCII commands permit the use of an optional checksum byte. Checksums are used to verify the integrity of the data being transmitted. To enable the use of a checksum value, use the RFID Demonstration Utility and select ABx Fast with Checksum or ABx ASCII with Checksum when starting the program. The checksum is calculated by adding all byte values in the Command Data Packet (less the header, checksum and terminator), and then subtracting the total byte sum from 0xFF. Therefore, when the byte values of each parameter from Command Size to Checksum are added together, the byte value sum will be 0xFF. ABx Fast/ASCII Checksum Example The following is an example of an ABx Fast or ABx ASCII command using a checksum. Field Header Command Size Command ID Timeout Checksum Terminator Contents 0x0202 0x0003 0x01 0x07D0 0x24 0x03 Used to Calculate Checksum n/a 0x00 0x03 0x01 0x07 0xD0 n/a n/a 0x00 + 0x03 + 0x01 + 0x07 + 0xD0 = 0xDB Thus, the equation: 0xFF – 0xDB = 0x24
Chapter 5: Communication Protocols 51 ABx Fast Command Protocol The default command protocol used by the HF-0405 is ABx Fast (Without Checksum). This protocol differs from ABx Standard in that the smallest addressable data element is one byte, rather than the 2-byte “word” structure of ABx Standard. However, ABx Fast commands and responses do contain two-byte words that indicate the size and length of various Command Parameters. ABx Fast also supports the use of a one-byte optional Checksum. ABx Fast - Command Packet Structure Field Header Command Size Command ID Start Address Read / Write Address Length Timeout Data Value Byte Checksum TerminatorContent 0x0202 2-byte value indicating packet length in bytes - excluding header, command size, checksum and terminator. 1-byte value for Command ID Number 2-byte value to identify the read/write starting address. 2-byte value to identify the number of addresses to be read or written to. 2-byte value indicating Timeout Value (0x0001 to 0xFFFE in msecs). 1-byte value for fill character or other command specific data. 1-byte optional Checksum1-byte terminator 0x03
Chapter 5: Communication Protocols 52 ABx Fast – Response Packet Structure Field Header Response Size Command ID Start Address Read / Write Address Length Timeout Data Value Byte Checksum TerminatorContent 0x0202 2-byte value indicating packet length in bytes - excluding header, command size, checksum and terminator. 1-byte value for Command ID Number 2-byte value to identify the read/write starting address. 2-byte value to identify the number of addresses to be read or written to. 2-byte value indicating Timeout Value (0x0001 to 0xFFFE in msecs). 1-byte value for fill character or other response specific data. 1-byte optional Checksum1-byte terminator 0x03
Chapter 5: Communication Protocols 53 ABx ASCII Command Protocol The ABx ASCII command protocol is based on the ABx Fast command protocol, however, ABx ASCII goes one step further by converting command hex values into printable ASCII characters. In another words, hex values displayed in an ABx Fast command are transmitted as separate ASCII characters in ABx ASCII. ABx ASCII uses the ASCII equivalent of ABx Fast’s 2-byte header and 1-Byte terminator (that are always [STX (0x02) STX (0x02)] and [ETX (0x03)] respectively). The values of all other fields are displayed as ASCII hex notation. The permitted values are the numbers 0-9 and the capital letters A-F. The characters 0-9 and A-F equal the Hex values 0x30 thru 0x39, and 0x41 thru 0x46. ABx ASCII also supports the use of Xon/Xoff handshaking; ABx Fast and ABx Standard do not. See Appendix C, for a list of ASCII characters and their corresponding Hex and Decimal values. ABx ASCII Character Values In ABx ASCII, the hex value 0xAB (decimal 171) is transmitted as the 2-character string AB. For example, the 2 bytes “0x41” and “0x42” are equivalent to the ASCII characters 'A' and 'B'. If you refer back to the ABx Fast section earlier n this chapter, you will notice that you can structure ABx ASCII commands by using ASCII characters to represent each digit of a hex value, excluding header and terminator which are already ASCII characters (<STX> and <ETX>). ABx ASCII Command and Response Size The ABx ASCII command protocol requires that a 2-byte value indicating the length of the Command Size be included in the command packet. The Command Size is calculated by adding the byte values of all parameters and data values located between the Command Size parameter and Checksum (if used) or Terminator. The Command Size includes the Command ID value and parameters such as address definitions for tag Read/Writes. The Command Size remains the same with, or without a checksum. In ABx ASCII, the Command Size and Response Size is the combined number of Hex bytes, not the number of ASCII characters used to represent the hex values. STX = Send Transmission, ETX = End Transmission
Chapter 5: Communication Protocols 54 ABx ASCII - Command Packet Structure The ABX ASCII protocol is based on the following minimal command packet structure. Depending on the command issued and your Checksum setting, the Data Byte and Checksum fields may not be present. Field Header Command Size Command ID Data Byte Value Checksum TerminatorNumber of ASCII Characters 2 4 2 1 2 1 Content <STX><STX> (0x02, 0x02) Packet length in bytes -excluding header, command size, checksum and terminator Command ID Number 1-byte value for fill value or other command specific data. Optional Checksum <ETX> (0x03)
Chapter 5: Communication Protocols 55 ABx ASCII - Command Example ABx ASCII Command 04 – Tag Fill Example In this example, the RFID controller is directed to fill a number of address locations with a specific data value byte, beginning at a specified starting address location. When Block Size = 0, the HF-0405 will fill the tag until it reaches the end of available memory. This command is similar to the ABx Fast version of the command. Header Command Size CommandID Start Address Fill Length Timeout Data Value Byte Checksum Terminator<STX><STX> Packet length in bytes -excluding header, command size, checksum and terminator, displayed as a four character ASCII value (0x0008 for this command). <0x30> <0x34> (04) 4 character ASCII value for the starting tag address 4 character ASCII value for the length of the fill in number of bytes 4 character ASCII value for timeout in 1 msec units. (0x1E -0xFFFE) 2 character ASCII value for 1 byte of fill. 2 character ASCII value for optional checksum <ETX>
Chapter 5: Communication Protocols 56 ABx ASCII - Response Structure After a successful operation, the controller will send back a response. The response may not include the Data Byte Value or Checksum fields (depending on the Command ID and your Checksum settings). However, if a Checksum is enabled, it will always be returned in the Command Response. Field Header Response Size Command Echo Data Byte Value Checksum TerminatorNumber of ASCII Characters 2 4 2 2 2 1 Content <STX><STX> (0x02, 0x02) Packet length in bytes - excluding header, command size, checksum and terminator Command Echo Response Data Optional Checksum <ETX> (0x03) ABx ASCII - Error Response Structure If the HF-0405 encounters an error during operation it will generate an error response that follows this structure: Field Header Response Size Error Flag Error Code Checksum TerminatorNumber of ASCII Characters 2 4 1 1 2 1 Content <STX><STX> (0x02, 0x02) Packet length in bytes - excluding header, command size, checksum and terminator 0xFF (indicates that an error occurred) 1-byte Hex error code (see error code table for details) Optional Checksum <ETX> (0x03)
Chapter 5: Communication Protocols 57 ABx ASCII Error Response Example A block write fail error response might appear as the following ASCII character string: Code sample: <STX><STX>0006FF0643<ETX> However, in Hex, the same error response would appear as: Code Sample: 0x02 0x02 0x30 0x30 0x03 0x32 0x46 0x46 0x30 0x36 0x46 0x38 0x03
Chapter 5: Communication Protocols 58 ABx Standard Command Protocol ABx Standard is a binary, 2-byte, word oriented protocol where data is transmitted in 2-byte increments, the Most Significant Byte (MSB) and the Least Significant Byte (LSB). In a serial transmission, the MSB is transmitted first. Note that the MSB is sometimes called the High Byte and the LSB is sometimes called the Low Byte. The ABx Standard protocol uses double bytes (or one “word”) of data as its’ primary element for transmitting and receiving information. In transmission, the first byte or MSB of a word is the first character to come out of the Host’s COM port followed by the LSB. Usually, the first data word sent to the controller contain the Header and Command ID number, followed by parameters such as read length, write length, timeout and starting address. Whatever the combination of commands and data you enter, at no time can the complete array string, including terminator word, exceed 50 words.
Chapter 5: Communication Protocols 59 ABx Standard - Command Packet Structure Field Header Command ID Start Address Address Length in Bytes Timeout Data Value Byte Terminator Number of Bytes 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 Content 0xAA is always the MSB of the first word of an ABx Standard command. The Command ID is always the LSB of the first word. 2-byte value for the address of the first byte of tag memory to be accessed. 2-byte value indicating the number of contiguous bytes to be accessed. 2 byte timeout value between 0x0001 and 0xFFFE (1 and 65,534 msecs) Contains data which will be written to the tag. Data is included in the LSB 0xFFFF ABx Standard - Command Example The example below depicts the packet structure of the ABx Standard Command and Response messages for Command 08 (Tag Search). In this example, the RFID Controller is instructed to search for a tag in the RF field. A timeout of 2 seconds (0x07D0) is set for the completion of this operation. Command from Host Field Perform Command 08 (MSB/LSB) Timeout Value (2 seconds) (MSB/LSB) Terminator (MSB/LSB) Content 0xAA 0x08 0x07D0 0xFFFF Code Sample: AA 08 07 D0 FF FF Response from Controller Field Command Echo (MSB/LSB) Terminator (MSB/LSB) Content 0xAA 0x08 0xFFFF Code Sample: AA 08 FF FF
Chapter 6: RFID Commands 60 Chapter 6 ● RFID Commands For the most part, RFID commands can be divided into two primary categories: 1. Controller Operation Commands Controller Operation Commands are used to manually set or modify the HF-0405’s internal configuration. 2. Tag Operation Commands Tag Operation Commands require the presence of an RFID tag in the RF field and can be further sub-divided into Read and Write commands. RFID Command Table The table below contains a list of RFID commands supported by the HF-0405 RFID Controller. Command ID Number Command Name 04 Tag Fill 05 Read Data 06 Write Data 07 Read Tag Serial Number 08 Tag Search 0D Start/Stop Continuous Read 0A Set RS232/422 Baud Rate 36 Send Controller Configuration 37 Read Controller Configuration 38 Read Controller ID Number A1 Reset Controller
Chapter 6: RFID Commands 61 Command 04 ◘ (0x04): Tag Fill DESCRIPTION Fill an RFID tag with a one byte value over multiple contiguous addresses. DISCUSSION This command is commonly used to clear contiguous segments of a tag's memory. It writes a one byte value repeatedly across a specified range of tag addresses. The fill function requires one data value byte, a starting address, and a fill length. It will then proceed to fill the tag with the data value byte, starting at the specified start address for the specified number of consecutive bytes. When Fill Length is set to 0, the controller will write fill data from the start address to the end of the tag's memory. The timeout value is measured in 1 msec increments and can have a value of 0x01 to 0xFFFE (65,534 msecs). When the timeout is set to 0, the controller will return a syntax error. If the Fill Length extends beyond the last byte in the tag, the controller will also return an error. Command 04 (Fill Tag) - ABx Fast Command Structure Command from Host Field Header Command Size Command ID Start Address Fill Length Timeout Value Data Value Byte Checksum TerminatorContent 0x0202 2-byte value for command packet length in Bytes excluding header, command size, checksum and terminator Command ID number in Hex (0x04) 2-Byte value for the starting tag address 2-Byte value for the length of the fill 2-Byte value for timeout measured in 1 msec units. (0x1E – 0xFFFE) 1-byte value for the data byte to be used as fill Optional Checksum0x03
Chapter 6: RFID Commands 62 Response from Controller Field Header Response Size Command Echo Checksum Terminator Content 0x0202 2-byte value indicating response packet length in bytes excluding header, response size, checksum and terminator Command ID number in Hex (0x04) Optional Checksum 0x03 Command 04 (Fill Tag) - ABx Fast Command Example This example instructs the HF-0405 to write the ASCII character 'A' (0x41) to the entire tag starting at address 0x0000. A timeout of 2 seconds (0x07D0) is set for the completion of the command. Command from Host Field Header Command Size Command ID Start AddressFill Length Timeout Data Value Byte Checksum TerminatorContent 0x0202 0x0008 0x04 0x0000 0x0000 0x07D0 0x41 optional 0x03 Code Sample: 02 02 00 08 04 00 00 00 00 07 D0 41 03 Response from Controller Field Header Response Size Command Echo Checksum Terminator Content 0x0202 0x0001 0x04 optional 0x03 Code Sample: 02 02 00 01 04 03
Chapter 6: RFID Commands 63 Command 04 (Fill Tag) – ABx Standard Command Structure Field Command Start Address Fill Length Timeout Data Value Byte TerminatorContent 0xAA followed by Command ID number in Hex (0x04). 2-byte value indicating tag address where fill will start 2-byte value indicating the total number of tag addresses to be filled 2-byte value indicating timeout value measured in 1 msec units (0x01 – 0xFFFE) 1-byte value for the data byte to be used as fill 0xFFFF Command 04 (Fill Tag) - ABx Standard Command Example In this example, the goal is to write the ASCII value 'A' (0x41) to the entire range of tag memory starting at byte address 00. A timeout of 2 seconds (0x07D0) is set for the completion of the command. Command from Host Field Perform Command 04 (MSB/LSB) Start Address = 0x0000 (MSB/LSB) Fill Length = 0 for all (MSB/LSB) Timeout Value (MSB/LSB) Data Byte Value (MSB/LSB) Terminator (MSB/LSB) Content 0xAA 0x04 0x00 0x05 0x00 0x00 0x07 0xD0 0x00 0x41 0xFF 0xFF Code Sample: AA 04 00 00 00 00 07 D0 00 41 FF FF Response from Controller Field Command 04 Echo (MSB/LSB) Terminator (MSB/LSB) Content 0xAA 0x04 0xFF 0xFF Code Sample: AA 04 FF FF
Chapter 6: RFID Commands 64 Command 05 ◘ (0x05): Read Data DESCRIPTION Read data from contiguous (sequential) areas of the RFID tag's read/write memory. DISCUSSION The Read Data command is used to read bytes from contiguous areas of tag memory. This command consists of the Header and Command ID number, a Start Address and Read Length, followed by the message Terminator. The minimum read length is 1 byte. The maximum is the entire read/write address space of the tag. The Timeout Value is measured in 1 msec increments and can have a value of 0x0001 to 0xFFFE (1 to 65,534 msecs). When the Timeout is set to 0, the controller will return a syntax error. If the read range exceeds the last tag address, the controller will return an invalid format error. In ABx Standard, data read from the tag is returned in the LSB (Least Significant Byte) only. The MSB (Most Significant Byte) will always be 0x00. Command 05 (Read Data) - ABx Fast Command Structure Field Header Command Size Command ID Start AddressRead Length Timeout Checksum TerminatorContent 0x0202 2-byte value indicating packet length in bytes excluding header, command size, checksum and terminator 1-byte Command ID in Hex (0x05) 2-byte value for the starting read address 2-byte value for the length of the read (in number of bytes) 2-byte value for Timeout measured in 1 msec units. (0x01 – 0xFFFE) Optional Checksum 0x03
Chapter 6: RFID Commands 65 Command 05 (Read Data) - ABx Fast Command Example This example instructs the controller to read 4 bytes of data from the tag starting at address 0x0000. A timeout of 2 seconds (0x07D0 = 2000 x 1 msecs increments) is set for the completion of the Read Data command. Command from Host Field Header Command Size Command ID Start AddressRead Length Timeout Checksum TerminatorContent 0x0202 0x0007 0x05 0x0000 0x0004 0x07D0 optional 0x03 Code Sample: 02 02 00 07 05 00 00 00 04 07 D0 03 Response from Controller Field Header Response Size Command Echo Data from address 0x0000 Data from address 0x0001 Data from address 0x0002 Data from address 0x0003 Checksum TerminatorContent 0x0202 0x0005 0x05 0x05 0xAA 0xE7 0x0A optional 0x03 Code Sample: 02 02 00 05 05 05 AA E7 0A 03 Data Read From Addresses 0x0000-0x0003 = 05 AA E7 0A
Chapter 6: RFID Commands 66 Command 05 (Read Data) - ABx Standard Command Structure Field Header & Command ID Start Address Read Length Timeout Terminator Content 0xAA followed by Command ID number in Hex (0x05) 2-byte value for tag address where the fill will start 2-byte value for the number of bytes to be read Timeout value measured in 1 msec units (0x001E – 0xFFFE) 0xFFFF Command 05 (Read Data) - ABx Standard Command Example The goal of this example is to read 10 bytes of data from the tag starting at address 00. A timeout of 2 seconds (0x07D0 = 2000 x 1 msec increments) is set for the completion of the Block Read. Command from Host Field Perform Command 05 (MSB/LSB) Start Byte Address (MSB/LSB) Read Length (MSB/LSB) Timeout (MSB/LSB) Terminator (MSB/LSB) Content 0xAA 0x05 0x00 0x01 0x00 0x08 0x07 0xD0 0xFF 0xFF Code Sample: AA 05 00 01 00 08 07 D0 FF FF Response from Controller Field Command Echo (MSB/LSB) Read Data x N Bytes (MSB/LSB) Terminator Content 0xAA 0x05 varies 0xFF 0xFF Code Sample: AA 05 (Read Data x N-bytes) FF FF
Chapter 6: RFID Commands 67 Command 06 ◘ (0x06): Write Data DESCRIPTION Write data to an RFID tag. DISCUSSION This command is used to write segments of data to contiguous addresses of tag memory. It is capable of transferring up to 100 bytes of data from the Host with one command. The Write Data command consists of a header, the Command ID, the Start Address of the Write, followed by the data value stream to be written to the RFID tag. The timeout value is measured in 1 msec increments and can have a value of 0x0001 to 0xFFFE (65,534 msecs). If the timeout is set to 0, the controller will return a syntax error. If the write range exceeds the last tag address, the controller will return an error message. The controller will also return an error if the write length is 0. Command 06 (Write Data) - ABx Fast Command Structure Field Header Command Size Command ID Start AddressWrite Length Timeout Data Value Bytes Checksum TerminatorContent 0x0202 2-byte value for packet length in Bytes excluding header, command size, checksum and terminator 0x06 2-byte value for the starting tag address 2-byte value for the number of addresses that will be written to. 2-byte value for timeout measured in 1 msec units. (0x1E – 0xFFFE) 1-byte data byte value to be written to tag Optional Checksum 0x03
Chapter 6: RFID Commands 68 Command 06 (Write Data) – ABx Fast Command Example This example writes 4 Bytes of data to the tag starting at address 0x0000. A timeout of 2 seconds (0x07D0 = 2000 x 1 msec increments) is set for the completion of the Block Write. Command from Host Field Header Command Size Command ID Start Address Write Length Timeout Content 0x0202 0x000B 0x06 0x0000 0x0004 0x07D0 Data to write to address 0x0000 Data to write to address 0x0001 Data to write to address 0x0002 Data to write to address 0x0003 Checksum Terminator 0x52 0x46 0x49 0x44 0xEE 0x03 Code Sample: 02 02 00 0B 06 00 00 00 04 07 D0 52 46 49 44 EE 03 Response from Controller Field Header Response Size Command Echo Checksum TerminatorContent 0x0202 0x0001 0x06 0xF8 0x03 Code Sample: 02 02 00 01 06 F8 03
Chapter 6: RFID Commands 69 Command 06 (Write Data) – ABx Standard Command Structure For ABx Standard, data to be written to the tag is contained in the LSB of the Data Byte Value, and the MSB is always 0x00. Field Header and Command ID Start Address Write Length Timeout Data Byte Value Terminator Content 0xAA followed by Command ID number in Hex (0x06) 2-byte value for the tag address where the write will start 2-byte value for the number of tag addresses to be written to Timeout value measured in 1 msec units (0x001E – 0xFFFE) 2-byte value for the data to be written to the tag 0xFFFF Command 06 (Write Data) – ABx Standard Command Example In this example, the RFID controller will write 4 bytes of data to the tag starting at address 0x0020. A timeout of 2 seconds (0x07D0 = 2000 msecs) is set for the completion of the Block Write. Command from Host Field Perform Command 06 Start Address = 0x0020 Write Length = 4 Bytes (0x0004)Timeout Write Data 1 = 0x52 Write Data 2 = 0x46 Write Data 3 = 0x49 Write Data 4 = 0x44 TerminatorContent (MSB/LSB) AA 06 00 20 00 04 07 D0 00 52 00 46 00 49 00 44 FF FF Code Sample: AA 06 00 20 00 04 07 D0 00 52 00 46 00 49 00 44 FF FF Response from Controller Field Command Echo Terminator Content (MSB/LSB) AA 06 FF FF Code Sample: AA 05 FF FF
Chapter 6: RFID Commands 70 Command 07 ◘ (0x07): Read Tag ID (SN) DESCRIPTION This command retrieves the eight-byte tag ID or serial number. DISCUSSION Each ISO 14443 and ISO 15693 compliant tag has a unique 8 byte ID or serial number. By using just eight bytes, manufacturers can generate over 280 trillion possible serial numbers. Once a tag is given an ID or serial number it can not be changed and is not part of the available read/write address space of a tag. The timeout value is measured in 1 msec increments and can have a value of 0x001E to 0xFFFE (30 - 65,534 msecs). Command 07 (Read Tag SN) – ABx Fast Command Structure Field Header Command Size Command ID Timeout Checksum Terminator Content 0x0202 2-byte value for packet length in bytes excluding header, command size, checksum and terminator (0x0003 for this command). 0x07 2-Byte value for timeout measured in 1 msec units. (0x1E – 0xFFFE) Optional Checksum 0x03
Chapter 6: RFID Commands 71 Command 07 (Read Tag ID) – ABx Fast Command Example This example will wait until a tag is in range and then reads the 8-byte ID or serial number. In this example the serial number is F2720300000104E0. Command from Host Field Header Command Size Command ID Timeout Checksum Terminator Content 0x0202 0x0003 0x07 0x07D0 (2 seconds) 0x1E 0x03 Code Sample: 02 02 00 03 07 07 D0 1E 03 Response from Controller Field Header Response Size Command Echo ID/SN Bytes 1-8 Checksum Terminator Content 0x0202 0x0009 0x07 0xF2 0x72 0x03 0x00 0x00 0x01 0x04 0xE0 0xA3 0x03 Code Sample: 02 02 00 09 07 F2 72 03 00 00 01 04 E0 A3 03 Tag ID/SN Bytes 1 - 8
Chapter 6: RFID Commands 72 Command 07 (Read Tag ID) – ABx Standard Command Structure When running this command, the tag ID or serial number is returned in the LSB only, with 0x00 as the MSB. Field Command Timeout Message Terminator Content 0xAA followed by Command ID number in Hex (0x07) Timeout value measured in 1 msec units (0x001E – 0xFFFE) 0xFFFF Command 07 (Read Tag ID) – ABx Standard Command Example In this example, the command instructs the RFID controller to read the 8-byte ID or serial number. In this example the Tag ID/SN is E2963C2B. Command from Host Field Header & Command ID (MSB/LSB) Timeout Value Message Terminator Content 0xAA 0x07 0x07 0xD0 0xFF 0xFF Code Sample: AA 07 07 D0 FF FF Response from Controller Field Header & Command Echo (MSB/LSB) SN Byte 1 SN Byte 2 SN Byte 3 SN Byte 4 SN Byte 5 Content AA 07 00 E2 00 96 00 SN Byte 6 SN Byte 7 SN Byte 8 Terminator (MSB/LSB) 3C 00 2B FF FF Code Sample: AA 07 00 E2 00 96 00 3C 00 2B FF FF
Chapter 6: RFID Commands 73 Command 08 ◘ (0x08): Tag Search DESCRIPTION This command instructs the RFID Controller to search for a tag in the RF field. DISCUSSION This command will instruct the controller to search for the presence of a tag within range of the antenna. If the controller finds a tag it will return a command echo to the host. The timeout value is measured in 1 msec increments and can have a value of 0x001E to 0xFFFE (30 to 65,534 msecs). When the timeout is set to 0, the controller will return a syntax error. If no tag is present, it will return an error message. Command 08 (Tag Search) – ABx Fast Command Structure Field Header Command Size Command ID Timeout Checksum TerminatorContent 0x0202 2-byte value for packet length in bytes excluding header, command size, checksum and terminator 0x08 2-byte value for timeout measured in 1 msec units (0x0001 – 0xFFFE). Optional Checksum 0x03
Chapter 6: RFID Commands 74 Command 08 (Tag Search) – ABx Fast Command Example This example checks for any RFID tag within range of the antenna. A timeout of 2 seconds (0x07D0 = 2000 msecs) is set for the completion of the Tag Search. Command from Host Field Header Command Size Command ID Timeout Checksum Terminator Content 0x0202 0x0003 0x08 0x07D0 0x1D 0x03 Code Sample: 02 02 00 03 08 07 D0 1D 03 Response from Controller Field Header Response Size Command Echo Checksum Terminator Content 0x0202 0x0001 0x08 0xF6 0x03 Code Sample: 02 02 00 01 08 F6 03
Chapter 6: RFID Commands 75 Command 08 (Tag Search) – ABx Standard Command Structure Field Header & Command ID Timeout Value Terminator Content 0xAA followed by Command ID number in Hex (0x08) Timeout value measured in 1 msec units (0x0001 – 0xFFFE) 0xFF 0xFF Command 08 (Tag Search) – ABx Standard Command Example This example has the RFID Controller check for a tag in the RF field. A timeout of 2 seconds (0x07D0) is set for the completion of the Tag Search. Command from Host Field Header & Command ID (MSB/LSB) Timeout Value (MSB/LSB) Terminator (MSB/LSB) Content 0xAA 0x08 0x07 0xD0 0xFF 0xFF Code Sample: AA 08 07 D0 FF FF Response from Controller Field Header & Command Echo (MSB/LSB) Terminator (MSB/LSB) Content 0xAA 0x08 0xFF 0xFF Code Sample: AA 08 FF FF
Chapter 6: RFID Commands 76 Command 0D ◘ (0x0D): Start/Stop Continuous Read DESCRIPTION This command instructs the controller to start (or stop) Continuous Read mode. DISCUSSION The Start/Stop Continuous Read command contains three parameters: • Start Address • Read Length • Delay Between Duplicate Decodes When the HF-0405 is in Continuous Read Mode, it will constantly emit RF energy in an attempt to read any tag that comes into range of the antenna. When a tag enters the antenna field, it is immediately read and the data is passed to the Host. The controller will continue to read the tag but will not re-send the same data to the Host until the tag has moved outside the RF field for a specified time period. This parameter is known as the Delay Between Duplicate Decodes, which prevents redundant data transmissions when the controller is in Continuous Read mode. Start Address The Start Address is a 2 byte value indicating the tag’s beginning address location for the read. Read Length The Read Length parameter switches the RFID Controller into (or out of) Continuous Read mode. An entry of 1 (0x01) will set the controller into Continuous Read mode. A read length value of 0 (0x00) will turn Continuous Read mode off. Delay Between Duplicate Decodes After Continuous Read mode is initiated, any tag that comes within range of the antenna will be read and the requested data from the tag will be sent to the host. The delay parameter represents the number of seconds that a tag must remain out of RF range before it can be re-read for a second time. This delay is implemented to enable the operator to limit the volume of information sent by the controller. The Delay Between Duplicate Decodes parameter can have a value of 0 to 60 seconds. When the Delay Between Identical Decodes is set to 0, the controller will continuously read AND transmit tag data to the host. This can flood the buffers and cause communication errors and data loss. If the controller receives other commands from the host, it will execute them and then resume Continuous Block Read mode.
Chapter 6: RFID Commands 77 Continuous Read Mode LED Behavior LED Behavior Description PWR ON The controller is powered and functioning. COM BLINKING A tag has entered the RF field. RF ON A tag has been read and is still in the field. RF OFF A previously read tag has been out of range for the specified time. Command 0D (Start/Stop Continuous Read) – ABx Fast Command Structure Field Header Command Size Command ID Start AddressRead Length Delay Between Duplicate Decodes Checksum TerminatorContent 0x0202 2-byte value for packet length in bytes excluding header, command size, checksum and terminator bytes. 0x0D 2-byte value for the start address of the read 2-byte value for number of bytes to be read Delay value measured in 1 second units Optional Checksum 0x03
Chapter 6: RFID Commands 78 Command 0D (Start/Stop Continuous Read) – ABx Fast Command Example This example places the controller in Continuous Read mode and reads 8 Bytes of data from the tag starting at address 0x0001. A delay between identical reads of 2 seconds (0x0002 = 2 x 1 second increments) is set. Command from Host Field Header Command Size Command ID Start AddressRead Length Delay Between Duplicate Decodes Checksum TerminatorContent 0x0202 0x0006 0x0D 0x0001 0x0008 0x02 0xE1 0x03 Code Sample: 02 02 00 06 0D 00 01 02 E1 03 Response from Controller Field Header Response Size Command Echo Checksum TerminatorContent 0x0202 0x0001 0x0D 0xE1 0x03 Code Sample: 02 02 00 01 0D E1 03
Chapter 6: RFID Commands 79 Command 0D (Start/Stop Continuous Read) – ABx Standard Command Structure Field Header & Command ID Start Address Read Length Delay Between Identical Decodes Terminator Content 0xAA followed by Command ID number in Hex (0x0D) 2 byte value for the start address of the read 2 byte value for the number of bytes to be read. Time the tag must be out of RF field before controller will transmit data again from same tag. Value is expressed in 1 second units. 0xFFFF Command 0D (Start/Stop Continuous Read) – ABx Standard Command Example This example places the controller in Continuous Read mode and reads 8 bytes of data from the tag starting at address 0x0001. The delay between identical reads is set to 2 seconds (in this example 0x0002 = 2 seconds). Starting Continuous Read Mode Command from Host Field Perform Command 0D (MSB/LSB) Start Address (MSB/LSB) Read Length (8 Bytes) (MSB/LSB) Delay Between Identical Decodes (2 seconds) (MSB/LSB) Terminator (MSB/LSB) Content 0xAA 0x0D 0x00 0x01 0x00 0x08 0x00 0x02 0xFF 0xFF Code Sample: AA 0D 00 01 00 08 00 02 FF FF
Chapter 6: RFID Commands 80 Response from Controller The controller will first return an acknowledgment of the command followed by a response containing read data when a tag enters the antenna field. Field Command Echo (MSB/LSB) Read Data Bytes 1-8 (MSB/LSB) Terminator (MSB/LSB) Content 0xAA 0x0D 0x00 0x52 0x00 0x46 0x00 0x49 0x00 0x44 0x00 0x41 0x00 0x20 0x00 0x54 0x00 0x61 0xFF 0xFF Code Sample: AA 0D 00 52 00 46 00 49 00 44 00 41 00 20 00 54 00 61 FF FF Stopping Continuous Read Mode To exit out of Continuous Read mode, re-issue Command 0D with the read length variable set to 0 (0x00 0x00), as shown below. Command from Host Field Perform Command 0D (MSB/LSB) Start address (MSB/LSB) Read Length (0 Bytes = ends continuous read mode) (MSB/LSB) Delay Between Duplicate Decodes (2 seconds) (MSB/LSB) Terminator (MSB/LSB) Content 0xAA 0x0D 0x00 0x01 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x02 0xFF 0xFF Code Sample: AA 0D 00 01 00 00 00 02 FF FF
Chapter 6: RFID Commands 81 Response from Controller Field Command Echo (MSB/LSB) Terminator (MSB/LSB) Content 0xAA 0x0D 0xFF 0xFF Code Sample: AA 0D FF FF
Chapter 6: RFID Commands 82 Command 0A ◘ (0x0A): Set RS232/422 Baud Rate DESCRIPTION This command controls the Baud Rate of the serial communications protocol for Serial Port COM 1. DISCUSSION This command is used to change the Baud Rate from the default of 9600bps. After this command has been initiated, communications with the RFID Controller will cease until the Host has re-established communications at the new rate. The following baud rates can be set using the corresponding hex value in the command. Baud Rate Variables MSB LSB Comments 00 0C 1200 00 30 4800 00 60 9600 (default setting) 00 C0 19200 01 80 38400 02 40 57600 04 80 115200
Chapter 6: RFID Commands 83 Command 0A (Set Baud Rate) – Command Example This example changes the baud rate to 19200. Command from Host Field Perform Command 0A (MSB/LSB) Change Baud Rate to 19200 (MSB/LSB) Terminator (MSB/LSB) Content 0x00 0x0A 0x00 0xC0 0xFF 0xFF Interface Type Hex Value RS232 00E8 RS422 01A6 Stop Bits Hex Value 1 0001 2 0002 Baud Rate Hex Value 300 012C 600 0258 1200 04B0 2400 0960 4800 12C0 9600 2580 19200 4B00 Data Bits Hex Value 8 0008 7 0007 Parity Hex Value None 0001 Even 0002 Odd 0003
Chapter 6: RFID Commands 84 Command 36 ◘ (0x36): Send Controller Configuration Use the RFID Demonstration Utility to run Commands 36, 37, 38 and A1. The RFID Demonstration Utility can be downloaded from: http://www.ems-rfid.com/hf-series.html. After installing and starting the utility, click COMMAND and select 36H from the drop down menu.
Chapter 6: RFID Commands 85 The following configuration box will appear. At this screen you can change the following settings: • Tag Type • Command Protocol • Baud Rate When you are done making changes click “SEND SETTINGS”. The new settings will be sent to the HF-0405 controller. Command Code Sample: 02 02 00 18 36 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 01 00 60 00 00 00 01 00 00 41 08 00 00 00 00 03 Response Code Sample: 02 02 00 01 36 03
Chapter 6: RFID Commands 86 Command 37 ◘ (0x37): Read Controller Configuration Use the RFID Demonstration Utility to run Command 37. After starting the utility, click COMMAND and select 37H from the drop down menu.
Chapter 6: RFID Commands 87 The following configuration box will appear. At this screen click “UPLOAD SETTINGS”. The current settings from the controller will be uploaded to the RFID Demonstration Utility. Command Code Sample: 02 02 00 02 37 01 03 Response Code Sample: 02 02 00 14 37 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 01 00 60 00 00 00 01 00 00 54 05 03
Chapter 6: RFID Commands 88 Command 38 ◘ (0x38): Read Controller SN Use the RFID Demonstration Utility to run Command 38. This command is used to read the RFID Controller hardware serial number. After starting the utility, click COMMAND and select 38H from the drop down menu. The RFID Demonstration Utility will return information similar to the following: Read reader/writers information response: Reader/writer type: 1 Version: 0.0T.5 HRDWR VER: 01 Block 0, 1, and 2 CRC: 986E Block 3, and 4 CRC: 986E RC632 ID: 30FFFF0F04 RC632 RFU: 000000 RC632 Serial Number: 05E19644
Chapter 6: RFID Commands 89 RC632 internal: B669 RC632 RsMaxP: 65 RC632 Information CRC: A6 Command Code Sample: 02 02 00 01 38 03 Response Code Sample: 02 02 00 1B 38 01 00 00 54 05 01 98 6E 98 6E 30 FF FF 0F 04 00 00 00 05 E1 96 44 B6 69 65 A6 03
Chapter 6: RFID Commands 90 Command A1 ◘ (0xA1): Reset Controller Use the RFID Demonstration Utility to run Command A1. This command is used to reset the RFID Controller. After starting the utility, click COMMAND and select A1H from the drop down menu. The controller will be reset to factory default settings. Command Code Sample: 02 02 00 01 A1 03 Response Code Sample; 02 02 00 01 A1 03
Chapter 7: ABx Error Codes 91 Chapter 7 ● ABx Error Codes The RFID controller will return an error code (in Hex) if it encounters a fault during operation. ABx errors are caused, primarily by improperly entering command parameter syntax. Entering an incorrect length value, for example, will generate an error. If the controller is powered down and looses its internal configuration, simply executing any command could generate errors. When a non-contiguous read or write command is issued to the controller, yet no such address was pre-configured, an error will result. This error occurs when the user does not configure the controller with the list of non-contiguous read/write addresses. In ABx Standard, the error code will be returned in the LSB of the second register of the response. The table below lists ABx error codes and their descriptions. ABx Error Code Table Error Code Description 0x01 Non-contiguous Read has failed 0x02 Non-contiguous Write has failed 0x03 Non-contiguous Read/Write Configuration has failed 0x04 Fill Operation has failed 0x05 Block Read has failed 0x06 Block Write has failed 0x07 Block Write security error 0x08 Search Tag Operation failed 0x19 Protected Address violation 0x20 Non-contiguous Read/Write attempted without Pre-Configuration 0x21 Input Command does not match pre-defined format (syntax error)
Chapter 7: ABx Error Codes 92 ABx Fast Error Response Structure The structure of an ABx Fast error response is shown below (where XX is a 1-byte value indicating the error that occurred). Field Header Response Size MSB Response Size LSB Error Flag Error Code Checksum Terminator Content 0x0202 0x00 0x02 0xFF 0xXX optional 0x03 ABx FAST ERROR RESPONSE EXAMPLE A Block Write fail (error code 0x06) message would appear (in Hex) as the following: Code Sample: 0202 0002 FF06 F803
Chapter 7: ABx Error Codes 93 ABx ASCII Error Response Structure The Structure of an ABx ASCII error response is shown below. Field Header Response Size Error Flag Error Code Checksum Terminator Number of ASCII Characters 2 4 2 2 2 1 Contents <STX><STX> (0x02, 0x02) Packet length in bytes excluding the header, response size, checksum and terminator bytes 0xFF 1-byte Hex error code Optional Checksum <ETX> 0x03 ABx ASCII ERROR RESPONSE EXAMPLE A Block Write fail (error code 0x06) message would appear as the ASCII character string: Code Sample: <STX><STX>0002FF06F8<ETX> In Hex, the same error is displayed as the following string: Code Sample: 0x02, 0x02, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x32, 0x46, 0x46, 0x30, 0x36, 0x46, 0x38, 0x03
Chapter 7: ABx Error Codes 94 ABx Standard Error Response Structure The Structure of the ABx Standard error response from the RFID Controller is shown below. Field Command Error Header MSB Command Error Header LSB Error Code MSB Error CodeLSB Message Terminator MSB Message Terminator LSB Content 0xAA 0xFF 0x00 (Error Code Value in Hex) 0xFF 0xFF ABx STANDARD ERROR RESPONSE EXAMPLE A Block Write fail (error code 0x06) response would appear as the following: Field Command Error Header MSB Command Error Header LSB Error Code MSB Error Code LSB Message Terminator MSB Message Terminator LSB Content 0xAA 0xFF 0x00 0x06 0xFF 0xFF Code Sample: AA FF 00 06 FF FF
Chapter 8: Troubleshooting 95 Chapter 8 ● Troubleshooting This chapter is designed to help if you are having difficulties using the HF-0405. HF-0405 Troubleshooting Table Problem Symptom Possible Reason Resolution Controller LEDs not functioning Check power Unable to read tag Check proximity to controller, Try different tag Etc. Etc. Contact Technical Support Hours of Operation 7am-5pm PST Escort Memory Systems Technical Support Department 170 Technology Circle Scotts Valley, CA 95066 U.S.A • Phone: 831.438.7000 Ext. 259 or Ext. 257 • Toll Free: 800.626.3993 • Fax: 831.438.5768 • Email: tech_support@ems-rfid.com
Appendix A: Specifications 96 Appendix A ● Specifications HF-0405 Data Sheet • Low Cost 13.56MHz RFID Controller with Integrated Antenna • Small Form Factor 40mm x 56mm x 25mm • Reads/Writes ISO 14443A/B, ISO 15693 and ICODE 1 RIFD tags (LRP/HMS-series compatible) • RS232 or RS422 Point to Point Serial Interfaces or RS485 MUX32 protocol • IP67 Rated • Fully Encapsulated Electronics • 7 LED Status Indicator Lights • Downward Compatible with HMS827, HMS828, LRP75 and LRP76 products • Flash Memory for Software Upgrades • Unique Serial Number ID on Every Controller • Software Configurable • FCC/CE/ARIB T-82 Agency Compliance Certification (Pending)
Appendix A: Specifications 97 Technical Specifications • Read/Write Range Up To: 100mm (ISO 15693) / 50mm (ISO 14433) with ISO Card Tags • Supply Voltage: 12-24VDC ±10%; 150mA@24VDC (3.60W) • 26.5kBaud/106kBaud Air Protocols with CRC Error Detection • RS232/RS422 Baud Rates: 9600, 19.2k, 38.4k, 57.6k, 115.2k • RS485 Baud Rate: 9600 or 115.2k • 7 Discrete LED Indicators: Power, Serial Communication, RF Activity, MUX Address, System Diagnostics and Controller Status • Connector: M12 Circular Male IP67 (8-pin for RS232/422; 5-pin for RS485) • Physical Dimensions: 40mm x 56mm x 25mm • Internal Antenna Dimensions: 36mm x 36mm • Operating Temperature: -20° to 50°C (-4° to 122°F) • Storage Temperature: -40° to 85°C (-40° to 185°) • Humidity 100% • Protection Class IP67 • Shock Resistance IEC 68-2-27 Test EA 30g; 11msecs; 3 Shocks Each Axis • Vibration Resistance IEC 68-2-6 Test FC 1.5mm; 10 to 55Hz; 2 Hours Each Axis.
Appendix C: ASCII Chart 98 Appendix B ● Models and Accessories HF-0405-232-01 Stock Code Quantity Description 00-3000 1.00 Configuration Tag for HF-0405-232 ICODE SLI,54MM X 86MM 20-1940 2.00 Screw, (M4-20 PPH SS 18-8\302) 20-5918 2.00 Hex Nut, (M4 SS 18-8\302) 14-3137 1.00 Mounting Bracket for HF-0405, NORYL, BLACKGTX830 HF-0405-422-01 Stock Code Quantity Description 00-3001 1.00 Configuration Tag for HF-0405-422 ICODE SLI,54MM X 86MM 20-1940 2.00 Screw, (M4-20 PPH SS 18-8\302) 20-5918 2.00 Hex Nut, (M4 SS 18-8\302) 14-3137 1.00 Mounting Bracket for HF-0405, NORYL, BLACKGTX830 HF-0405-485-01 Stock Code Quantity Description 00-3002 1.00 Configuration Tag for HF-0405-485 ICODE SLI,54MM X 86MM 20-1940 2.00 Screw, (M4-20 PPH SS 18-8\302) 20-5918 2.00 Hex Nut, (M4 SS 18-8\302) 14-3137 1.00 Mounting Bracket for HF-0405, NORYL, BLACKGTX830
Appendix C: ASCII Chart 99 HF-0405 Compatible Accessories Tags Escort Memory Systems designs and manufactures several lines of RFID tags and transponders. In particular, the LRP and HMS series passive read/write RFID tags perform well with HF-0405 controllers. Our HMS tags are tuned slightly off frequency which improves the inductive coupling characteristics of the tag. Cables RS485 cables, connectors, Subnet16, Trunk line and Drop-T parts and accessories are available. Current rating for cables: • ThinNet will support 6.4A • ThickNet will support 17.6A power and ground; 13.6A for data. • 12mm connectors will support 3A. Power Supplies EMS offers universal power supplies with 24V DC output.
Appendix C: ASCII Chart 100 Appendix C ● ASCII Chart
Appendix D: RFID Terminology & Definitions 101 Appendix D ● RFID Terminology & Definitions TERM DEFINITION Active Tag An RF tag (transponder) which is partly or completely battery-powered. Batteries may be replaceable or sealed internally. Addressability The ability to address bits, fields, pages, files or other areas of memory in a transponder. Alignment An indication of the orientation of the transponder, relative to the controller antenna (this is sometimes referred to as the coupling). Alphanumeric Denoting that information contains alphabet characters and numeric characters. For example: A1234C9. A string of alphanumeric data can also contain other printable characters such as punctuation marks. Antenna The antenna is the part of the controller that radiates RF energy to, and receives energy from the transponder. ASCII American Standard Code for Information Interchange. A computer code consisting of 128 alphanumeric and control characters, each encoded with 7 bits, used for the exchange of information between computer devices. ASCII Protocol This is a simple protocol that you can use to send ASCII character commands to the controller. It is possible to use a standard terminal emulator program to send ASCII commands. The ASCII full-duplex protocol can only be used with RS232 or RS422. Asynchronous Transmission A method of data transmission that doesn't require timing information in addition to data. The beginnings and ends of characters, or blocks of characters, are indicated by start and stop bits. Baud The rate at which a data channel transfers bits of information. The rate is measured in Bits Per Second (BPS). Binary A numbering system in which numbers are expressed as combinations of digits 0 and 1, based on powers of 2. In computing these can be represented electrically as 'on' or 'off'.
Appendix D: RFID Terminology & Definitions 102 TERM DEFINITION Binary Coded Decimal A number in binary code always written in groups of four bits, each group representing one digit of the number, for example 0011 1001 is 39. Byte Eight bits of data (0x00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07) Capacity A measure of the maximum amount of information that can be stored in a transponder. The amount may be a few bits or bytes assessable to the user, or may include addresses reserved to the manufacturer. Capture Field/Area/Zone The region of the electromagnetic field, generated by the antenna, in which transponders will operate. Checksum (CSUM) An addition to the contents of a block of data. This code can then be checked before and after transmission to determine whether the data has been corrupted or lost (see also: CRC). Continuous Read A mode of operation, in which the controller repeatedly attempts to issue a specific command (at set time intervals). ASCII Control Characters The ASCII character set is made up of all the possible combinations that can be made with 7 bits of information. Many of these bit patterns are mapped against recognizable characters which can be displayed on a screen or printer, while others are defined as control characters, whose functions are to control devices such as printers (see Appendix C: ASCII Chart ). CRC Cyclic Redundancy Check Data Transfer Rate The number of characters that can be transferred within a given time. Download The process of transferring controller configuration data from host PC to the RFID controller.
Appendix D: RFID Terminology & Definitions 103 TERM DEFINITION Frequency The number of times a signal executes a complete excursion through its maximum and minimum values and returns to the same value (cycles). • LF Low Frequency 30 kHz to 300 kHz • MF Medium Frequency 300 kHz to 3 MHz • HF High Frequency 3 MHz to 30 MHz • VHF Very High Frequency 30 MHz to 300 MHz • UHF Ultra High frequency 300 MHz to 3 GHz Handshaking A mechanism for the regulation of the flow of data between devices. For example: Handshaking can be used to prevent a controller from temporarily overwhelming the host with Command Response data. Hexadecimal (Hex) A method of numerically representing data based on the number 16. Hex notation uses the numbers 0 to 9 and letters A to F (where the decimal number 10 is represented in hexadecimal as 'A'). In this guide Hex values are preceded by 0x, as in “address 0xFFFE” (it is also considered correct to append Hex values with a lower case h, as in “interrupt 20h”). Host Computer The computer that issues commands to and receives responses from the RFID controller. In Field Reporting A mode of operation in which the controller reports a transponder ID on entering the field and will not return further reports of that transponder until a prescribed time interval has elapsed. Interface An electrical or physical standard for the interconnection of devices. Interrogator Synonymous with RFID controller. ISM Industry, Science & Medical LED Light Emitting Diode LF Low Frequency LSB Least Significant Byte. Also referred to as the Low Byte or second byte in a 2-byte “word.”
Appendix D: RFID Terminology & Definitions 104 TERM DEFINITION Memory Card A Read/Write or re-programmable transponder in credit card size. Data can be accessed via direct contact, through a microprocessor (smart card) or via a non-contact RF link. MSB Most Significant Byte. Also referred to as the High Byte or first byte in a 2-byte “word.” Multidrop Multiple devices at various locations connected in parallel (or acting similar to parallel devices). RS-485 (2-wire or 4-wire) supports Multidrop RFID controller configurations. MUX Multiplexer Noise Unwanted ambient electrical signals found in the operating environment of RFID equipment. OEM Outside Engineering Manufacturer or Original Equipment Manufacturer. Orientation The alignment of a transponder with respect to the RFID controller’s antenna. Out of Field Reporting A mode of operation in which the data from a transponder is reported only after the transponder has left the capture field of the controller. Parity A technique used to detect data transmission errors by adding an extra bit to each character. This bit is set to 1 or 0 to make the total number of bits ODD or EVEN, depending on the type of parity in use. Passive Tags An RFID transponder that does not contain any internal power source (such as a battery). It is powered by electromagnetic signals generated from an RFID antenna. PCB Printed Circuit Board Penetration This term is used to indicate the ability of a particular radio frequency to pass through non-metallic materials. Low frequency tagging systems are said to have good penetrative properties as their transponders can be read when behind or encased in other materials. Microwave tagging systems, while having greater ranges, are less capable of penetration of materials. PLC Programmable Logic Controller
Appendix D: RFID Terminology & Definitions 105 TERM DEFINITION Polar Field A graphical representation of the RF field strength of a transmitting antenna. Protocol A set of rules governing the flow of information in a communications system. Range The distance between the antenna and a tag or transponder in an RFID system at which signals can be properly received. Read The action of obtaining information contained in a tag. Reader The device containing the digital electronics that extract information from a transponder and passes the data on to a host computer. Synonymous with RFID controller. Read Only A tag that has certain information written into it (usually during manufacturing) and thereafter can only be read. Read Rate The maximum rate at which the complete data string can be transferred from a transponder to an RFID controller. Read/Write A type of tag that allows new data to be written into it, or that permits the current data to be changed. Reader/Writer An RFID device that can act as both reader and writer to a tag. Synonymous with RFID controller. Response Packet The string of data sent from the RFID controller to the Host after a command has been issued. RF Radio Frequency RFID Radio Frequency Identification RF Tag See Transponder RS232 A common physical interface standard specified by the EIA for the interconnection of devices. The standard allows for a single device to be connected (point-to-point) at baud rates up to 9600 bps, and at distances up to 15 meters.
Appendix D: RFID Terminology & Definitions 106 TERM DEFINITION RS422 A balanced connection interface standard similar to RS232, but using differential voltages across twisted pair wires. RS422 is more noise immune that RS232 and can be used to connect single or multiple devices to a master unit, at distances up to 3000 meters. RS485 An enhanced version of RS422, which permits multiple devices (commonly up to 32) to be attached to a twisted pair wire bus at distances of over a kilometer. Rx Receive SCI Serial Communications Interface Serial Interface A physical standard for the interconnection of devices. Common serial interfaces include: • RS232 • RS422 • RS485 Synchronization A mechanism that allows multiple RFID controllers to operate in close proximity by synchronization of their transmissions. Tag See Transponder Transponder An electronic TRANSmitter / resPONDER which is attached to an object to be identified and, when appropriate RF signals are received, transmits information as radio signals to a RFID controller. Synonymous with Tag. Tx Transmit Write The transfer of data to a tag. Write Rate The rate at which data can be transferred to a tag, written into the tag’s memory and verified as correct. It is measured in bits per second.
Index 107 Index1 13.56 MHZ .........................................................................................................................................................See C configuration tag.................................................................................................................................................. 44 D dimensions.......................................................................................................................................................... 24 I inductive coupling............................................................................................................................................... 10 IP67 ..................................................................................................................................................................... 20 ISM...................................................................................................................................................................... 10 M mounting the HF-0405......................................................................................................................................... 28 P package contents.................................................................................................................................................. 16 R RFID Case Studies............................................................................................................................................. 21 RFID Demonstration Utility ................................................................................................................................ 20 RFID Installation Checklist ................................................................................................................................. 25 RFID Strategy...................................................................................................................................................... 21 S Software Updates............................................................................................................................................... 19 U user supplied components ................................................................................................................................. 17
Index 108

Navigation menu