Bird Technologies Group 5PI031202 SIGNAL BOOSTER TWO-WAY User Manual 61 89A 50 A18 G1 UserManV3

Bird Technologies Group SIGNAL BOOSTER TWO-WAY 61 89A 50 A18 G1 UserManV3

USERS MANUAL

61-89A-50-A18-G1-UserMan page 1 of 20TX RX Systems Inc. Manual 7-9352 (version 4) 01/27/04 Page 17-9352-4Installation and Setup Manualfor the Two-Way Signal Booster SystemModel Number 61-89A-50-A18-G1First Printing: December 2003Version Number Version Date1 12/11/002 01/15/043 01/26/044 01/27/04Part No.Copyright (c) 2003 TX RX Systems, Inc.
61-89A-50-A18-G1-UserMan page 2 of 20TX RX Systems Inc. Manual 7-9352 (version 4) 01/27/04 Page 2CAUTION orATTENTIONHigh Voltage Electrical Shock HazardHot SurfaceESD Electrostatic DischargeUse Safety GlassesImportant InformationSymbols Commonly UsedWarrantyDisclaimerThis warranty applies for one year from shipping date.TX RX SYSTEMS INC. warrants its products to be free from defects in material and workmanship at the time ofshipment. Our obligation under warranty is limited to replacement or repair at our option, of any such products (withthe exception of tubes) which shall have been defective at the time of manufacture. TX RX SYSTEMS INC. reservesthe right to replace with merchandise of equal performance although not identical in every way to that originally sold.TX RX SYSTEMS INC. is not liable for damage caused by lightning or other natural disasters. No product will beaccepted for repair or replacement without our prior written approval.All Shipping charges on returned products must be prepaid by the purchaser. TX RX SYSTEMS INC. shall in no eventbe liable for consequential damages, installation costs or expenses of any nature resulting from the purchase or useof products, whether or not they are used in accordance with instructions. This warranty is in lieu of all other warran-ties, either expressed or implied, including any implied warranty of merchantability or of fitness. No representative isauthorized to assume for TX RX SYSTEMS INC. any other liability or warranty than set forth above in connection withour products or services.Product part numbering in photographs and drawings is accurate at time of printing. Part number labels onTX RX products supercede part numbers given within this manual.
61-89A-50-A18-G1-UserMan page 3 of 20TX RX Systems Inc. Manual 7-9352 (version 4) 01/27/04 Page 3For Class A Unintentional RadiatorsThis equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device, pursuant topart 15 of the FCC rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful inter-ference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses,and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructionmanual, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. Operation of this equipment in a resi-dential area is likely to cause harmful interference in which case the user will be required to correct theinterference at his own expense.Changes or modifications not expressly approved by TXRX System Inc. could void the user’s authority to operatethe equipment.WARNINGThis device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to thefollowing two conditions: (1) this device may not cause harmful interference and(2) this device must accept any interference received, including interferencethat may cause undesired operation.To satisfy FCC RF exposure requirements for mobile trans-mitting devices, a separation distance of 1.0 Meters or moreshould be maintained between the UPLINK antenna of thisdevice and persons during device operation. To satisfy FCCRF exposure requirements for mobile transmitting devices, aseparation distance of 0.2 Meters or more should be main-tained between the DOWNLINK antenna of this device andpersons during device operation. To ensure compliance,operations at closer than these distances is not recom-mended.The antenna used for this transmitter must not be co-locatedin conjunction with any other antenna or transmitter.WARNING
61-89A-50-A18-G1-UserMan page 4 of 20TX RX Systems Inc. Manual 7-9352 (version 4) 01/27/04 Page 4Antenna System InstallationThe antenna or signal distribution system consists of two branches. An uplinkbranch typically uses an outdoor mounted, unidirectional gain antenna suchas a yagi and a downlink signal radiating system consisting of a network ofzero-gain whip antennas or lengths of radiating cable usually mounted insideof the structure.Even though the antenna system may not be supplied or installed by TX RXSystems. The following points need to be observed because both the safetyof the user and proper system performance depend on them.1) Antenna system installation should only be performed by qualified techni-cal personnel.2) The following instructions for your safety describe antenna installationguidelines based on FCC Maximum RF Exposure Compliance require-ments.3) The uplink antenna is usually mounted outside and exchanges signalswith the repeater base station or donor site. It is typically mounted perma-nently-attached to the building wall or roof. The gain of this antenna shouldNOT exceed 10 dB. Only qualified personnel should have access to theantenna and under normal operating conditions, no one should be able totouch or approach it within 1 meter (40 inches).4) The downlink or in-building signal distribution system is connected to thedownlink booster port using coaxial cable. The distribution system mayuse radiating coaxial cable or a network 1/4 wave whip antennas whosegain does not exceed 0 dB for any radiator. These antennas should beinstalled so that the user cannot approach any closer than 0.2 meters (8inches) from the antenna.
61-89A-50-A18-G1-UserMan page 5 of 20TX RX Systems Inc. Manual 7-9352 (version 4) 01/27/04 Page 5Table of ContentsSpecifications 6General Description 6 Note About Output Power Rating 8Installation 8Cautionary Note 8Pre-RF Connection Tests 9 Test Equipment 9 Antenna Isolation 9 Procedure for Measuring Antenna Isolation 10 Increasing Isolation 10 Input Signal Levels 10 Procedure for Measuring Input Signal Levels 13 Reduction of Incoming Signal Strength 13Operation 13 Main Status Display Screen 13 Configuration Settings 14 Calibrate Currents 14 Set Gain 14 Set Output Level 14 Detailed Status Screens 14 Amplifiers 14 Power Supply 14 OLC 14 OLC Historical Info 14 Alarms 14 LED Indicators 14 Form-C Contacts 15Performance Survey 15Maintenance and Repair 17illustrations & TablesFigure 1 Front view of the Model 61-89A-50-A18-G1 7Figure 2 Measuring Antenna Isolation 9Figure 3 Measuring Input Signal Levels 11Figure 4 Software flow chart 12Figure 5 Boot-up display screen 13Figure 6 Main status display screen 13Figure 7 Measuring Signal Booster Gain 15Figure 8 Surveying Performance 16
61-89A-50-A18-G1-UserMan page 6 of 20TX RX Systems Inc. Manual 7-9352 (version 4) 01/27/04 Page 6GENERAL DESCRIPTIONSignal boosters extend radio coverage into areaswhere abrupt propagation losses prevent reliablecommunication. This system receives an RF sig-nal, raises its power level, and couples it to anantenna or leaky (radiating) coaxial cable systemso that it can be re-radiated. No frequency transla-tion (conversion) occurs with this device.The two-way signal booster model 61-89A-50-A18-G1 (shown in Figure 1) is a broadband, bidirec-tional dual branch (uplink and downlink) systemwith an 18 MHz passband. The booster passesuplink signals from 806 to 824 MHz and downlinksignals from 851 to 869 MHz. Linear RF activeamplifiers, filters, and DC power sources are usedto adequately boost and re-radiate the passbandsignals.The system is hardware configurable to operate atone of two coarse gain levels including medium(+60 dB gain max) or high (+80 dB gain max). Thecoarse gain adjustments is made by physicallyremoving the low level amplifier card (part# 3-19575) from the branch. Without the low level cardin place the system gain will be +60 dB max. Thecoarse gain of the uplink or downlink branch can beadjusted independently of each others. In addition,for fine adjustment the gain of a branch can bereduced up to 30 dB in 0.5 dB increments via soft-ware interface regardless of which coarse gain set-ting the branch is configured for.The output level of any signal passing through asignal booster is determined by the systems gainspecification. All signals passing through a prop-erly operating signal booster are amplified by thesame amount but will come out at power levels thatare related to their respective input level by thegain specification. Signal leveling is not anintended function of a signal booster. Amplifierstages used in this signal booster system may bedamaged by excessively strong input signal levels.The system is equipped with Output Leveling Cir-cuitry (OLC) to protect the amplifiers and reducespurious signals. It is interesting to note that thetotal power for the multicarrier condition is alwaysless than the maximum single carrier rating. As thenumber of carriers increases, the differencebetween the single carrier maximum and the totalpower of all carriers grows even greater.Linear power amplifiers (Class-A or Class-AB oper-ation) are used in this application in contrast to theEl e c t r i c a lFrequency Range: 806-869 MHzFCC Identification Number: EZZ5PI031202Number of Passbands: 2Passband Frequencies: 806-824 / 851-869 MHzMinimum Passband Separation: 45 MHzPass Bandw idth: 18 MHzGain: +80 dBGuardband: 27 MHzOutput Level Control Range: 60 dB (less user programmed digital attenuation)System Noise Figure at Maximum Gain: 3.5 dB maximumPow er Output 806-824 MHz ((total composite) 1.3 WattsPow er Output 851-869 MHz (total composite) 1.6 WattsThird Order Output Intercept Point: +55 dBm minimum, w ith no attenuationPrimary Supply Voltage: 100-240 VAC; 50-60 HzAutomatic Battery Backup Option: +24 to +30 VDCM e chanicalHeight: 24"Width: 24"Depth: 8"Weight 85 lbs.Housing Type: Painted SteelEnclosure Type: NEMA 4 StandardModel 61-89A-50-A18-G1 Specifications
61-89A-50-A18-G1-UserMan page 7 of 20TX RX Systems Inc. Manual 7-9352 (version 4) 01/27/04 Page 7Figure 1: Front view of the model 61-89A-50-A18-G1 two-way signal booster system.Power SupplyAC PowerSwitchBatteryBackupSwitchAlarm ContactTe r m i n al S t r i pConnectBackupBatteryhereUplinkPowerAmplifierDuplexerDownlinkPowerAmplifierDuplexerMenuSelectButtonsUplinkMid-LevelAmplifierUplinkLow-LevelAmplifier(remove for coarse gain adjustment)UplinkPowerDistributionDownlinkMid-LevelAmplifierDownlinkLow-LevelAmplifier(remove for coarse gain adjustment)DownlinkPowerDistributionControllerDownlink InUplink OutUplink OutDownlink In
61-89A-50-A18-G1-UserMan page 8 of 20TX RX Systems Inc. Manual 7-9352 (version 4) 01/27/04 Page 8highly efficient Class-C power amplifiers used inthe output stages of most FM land mobile transmit-ters. Linear amplifiers are biased for a relativelyhigh continuous DC current drain. Class-A amplifi-ers generally have the lowest efficiency of the vari-ous amplifier types, typically in the range of 25 -33% and Class-AB amplifiers can reach 50% effi-ciency. Their biggest advantage is faithful repro-duction of the input waveform which results in thelowest levels of intermodulation distortion products(IM) of all the classes of amplifiers. The generationof IM distortion is a serious design considerationwhen two or more channels are simultaneouslypresent in the same amplifier stage.Filtering is used at the input and output of the sig-nal path to help suppress any IM products that maybe inadvertently generated. Signals that exceedthe maximum input rating may either damage thesignal booster or cause it to generate intermodula-tion products that exceed the maximum allowed bythe FCC or other regulatory agency.Note About Output Power RatingsA single maximum output power rating does notapply to broadband signal boosters because thelinear amplifiers used in them may have to processmultiple simultaneous signals. Under these condi-tions, the questions of power rating becomes morecomplex.When more than one signal is amplified, a numberof spurious signals will also appear in the amplifiedoutput. They are referred to as intermodulation dis-tortion products, more commonly called IM. Thesespurious products would not be present in a per-fectly linear amplifier but as in all things, somethingshort of perfection is realized. Accepted industrypractice is to use the Third Order Intercept Pointspecification of a signal booster to predict the levelof IM products. The intercept point is derived fromthe measurement of an amplifiers 1 dB compres-sion point.INSTALLATIONThe layout of the signal distribution system will bethe prime factor in determining the mounting loca-tion of the signal booster enclosure. However,safety and serviceability are also key consider-ations. The unit should be located where it cannotbe tampered with by unauthorized personnel yet iseasily accessible to service personnel using trou-ble shooting test equipment such as digital multim-eters and spectrum analyzers. Also consider theweight and size of the unit should it becomedetached from its mounting surfaces for any rea-son.Very little is required to install this signal booster.The unit should be bolted in its permanent positionusing lag bolts or other suitable fasteners. Makesure there is an unobstructed airflow over theexternal heatsinks. Safety and serviceability arekey considerations. The signal booster cabinet willstay warm during normal operation so in the inter-est of equipment longevity, avoid locations that willexpose the cabinet to direct sun or areas where thetemperature is continually elevated.Connection of RF to the unit is made via “N” femaleconnectors located on bottom of the cabinet.These connectors are individually labeled “Down-link In / Uplink Out” and “Downlink Out / Uplink In”.Care should be used when making connections tothese ports to insure the correct antenna cable isconnected to its corresponding input / output portor the system will not work. The use of high qualityconnectors with gold center pins is advised. Flexi-ble jumper cables made of high quality coax arealso acceptable for connecting to rigid cable sec-tions.The signal booster is designed to be powered from120 VAC and a conduit entry box is provided at thebottom of the enclosure for bringing the AC line intothe cabinet. AC line connections should be made inaccordance with local electrical and building codes.In addition, the unit is capable of being operatedfrom a backup DC power source between +24 and+30 VDC. A terminal screw connector is availableinside the bottom of the cabinet for connecting thebackup voltage. In addition, there are also terminalscrew connections inside the cabinet for alarmmonitoring that are designed for connection to acustomer supplied supervisory alarm system, seefigure 1.CAUTIONARY NOTEThe following cautions are not intended to frightenthe user but have been added to make you awareof and help you to avoid the areas where experi-ence has shown us that trouble can occur.1) Just like the feedback squeal that can occurwhen the microphone and speaker get too closeto each other in a public address system, a sig-nal booster can start to self oscillate. This willoccur when the isolation between the input
61-89A-50-A18-G1-UserMan page 9 of 20TX RX Systems Inc. Manual 7-9352 (version 4) 01/27/04 Page 9antenna or signal source and the output distri-bution system does not exceed the signalboosters gain by at least 15 dB. This conditionwill reduce the effectiveness of the system andmay possibly damage the power amplifierstages.2) The major cause of damage to signal boostersis the application of input RF power levels inexcess of the maximum safe input. This canhappen inadvertently when connecting a signalgenerator with full power out to one of the inputsor by a very strong signal that is far strongerthan expected. Following the pre-RF connectionchecks listed next will help to avoid these twoproblems.PRE-RF CONNECTION TESTSCertain characteristics of the signal distributionsystem should be measured before connecting it tothe signal booster. This step is necessary to insurethat no conditions exist that could possibly damagethe signal booster and should not be skipped foreven the most thoroughly designed system. Twocharacteristics need to be measured; antenna iso-lation and input signal levels.Test EquipmentThe following equipment is required in order to per-form the pre-installation measurements.1) Signal generator for the frequencies of interestcapable of a 0 dBm output level. Modulation isnot necessary.2) Spectrum analyzer that covers the frequenciesof interest and is capable of observing signallevels down to -100 dBm.3) Double shielded coaxial test cables made fromRG142 or RG55 coaxial cable.Antenna Isolation Antenna isolation is the signal path isolationbetween the two sections of the signal distributionsystem that are to be connected to the signalboosters antenna ports. Lack of isolation betweenthe input and output antennas can cause theamplifiers in the system to oscillate. This can hap-INTERNALSIGNAL DISTRIBUTIONSYSTEMSPECTRUMANALYZEREXTERNALANTENNASIGNALGENERATORZERO LOSSREFERENCEISOLATION (dB)Figure 2: Typical test equipment setup for measuring antenna isolation.
61-89A-50-A18-G1-UserMan page 10 of 20TX RX Systems Inc. Manual 7-9352 (version 4) 01/27/04 Page 10pen at a high enough level to damage the poweramplifier stages. In general, if one or both antennaports are connected to sections of radiating coaxialcable (lossy cable) the isolation will be more thanadequate because of the high coupling loss valuesthat are encountered with this type of cable. Whena network of antennas are used for the input andoutput, this problem is much more likely. Isolationvalues are relatively easy to measure with a spec-trum analyzer and signal generator.Procedure for Measuring Antenna Isolation1) Set the signal generator for a 0 dBm outputlevel at the center frequency of one of the signalboosters passbands.2) Set the spectrum analyzer for the same centerfrequency and a sweep width equal to or justslightly greater than the passband chosen instep one.3) Connect the test leads of the signal generatorand the spectrum analyzer together using afemale barrel connector, see Figure 2. Observethe signal on the analyzer and adjust the inputattenuator of the spectrum analyzer for a signallevel that just reaches the 0 dBm level at the topof the graticule. 4) Referring to figure 2, connect the generator testlead to one side of the signal distribution system(external antenna) and the spectrum analyzerlead to the other (internal distribution system)and observe the signal level. The differencebetween this observed level and 0 dBm is theisolation between the sections. If the signal istoo weak to observe, the spectrum analyzer'sbandwidth may have to be narrowed and itsinput attenuation reduced. Record the isolationvalue. The isolation value measured shouldexceed the signal boosters gain figure by atleast 15 dB.It is wise to repeat the procedure listed above formeasuring antenna isolation, with the signal gener-ator set to frequencies at the passbands edges inorder to see if the isolation is remaining relativelyconstant over the complete width of the passband.Increasing Isolation If the measured isolation does not exceed the sig-nal boosters gain figure by at least 15 dB thenmodification of the signal distribution system isrequired. Alternately, the gain of the signal boostercan also be reduced to insure the 15 dB specifica-tion is met. If the isolation cannot be increasedthen the amount of gain reduction required is deter-mined as shown in the following example.Input Signal LevelsExcessive input signal levels can damage the sig-nal booster. Although this problem is less severe inOLC protected systems, strong signals may causesudden reductions in gain and an associateddecrease in the desired output signal strength.Even in the most carefully designed signal distribu-tion systems, unpredictable situations can arisethat can cause this trouble. A few of the more com-mon causes are:a) Unintended signals entering the system. Prima-rily caused by radios operating on channels thatare within the operational bandwidth of the sig-nal booster. Sometimes this will be a transientproblem caused by mobile units when theytransmit while in close proximity to your system.b) Hand-held and mobile units that approachmuch closer than expected to one of the anten-nas in the signal distribution system.c) Unexpected signal propagation anomalies.Building geometry can cause signal ducting andother phenomena that cause signal levels thatare much stronger (or lower) than expected.d) Lower than estimated signal attenuation causessignals to be unusually strong. Higher lossescan also occur giving weaker signals thandesired.e) Signal booster model with excessive gain. Insystems that have an existing signal booster, itis sometimes assumed that an identical unitshould be installed when expanding the systemEXAMPLEGain Reduction (dB) = Minimum Isolation (dB) - Measured Isolation (dB)If the measured isolation is -75dB and the mini-mum isolation is -80dB then the amount of gainreduction required is: -80dB - (-75) = -5 dB
61-89A-50-A18-G1-UserMan page 11 of 20TX RX Systems Inc. Manual 7-9352 (version 4) 01/27/04 Page 11to provide extended coverage. In most cases, asignal booster with far less gain than the first isrequired.f) Improper installation or application of signalsplitters or directional couplers in the signal dis-tribution system. This is usually the cause of toolow a signal level but deserves mentioning here.Signal splitting needs to be done with constantimpedance signal splitters so that the properpower splitting ratios and VSWR are main-tained. Using tee connectors by themselves isinviting trouble. Directional couplers must beconnected with regard to their directionality andcoupling levels or improper system signal levelsmay result.Procedure for Measuring Input Signal Levels 1) Set a spectrum analyzer for the center fre-quency of one of the signal boosters pass-bands.2) Set the analyzers sweep width so that the entirepassband frequency range can be observed.3) The analyzers input attenuator should be set inorder to observe input signal levels fromapproximately -80 dBm to 0 dBm.4) Connect the analyzer to the section of the sig-nal distribution system that is going to serve asthe input (see Figure 3).5) Record the power level (in dBm) of all carriers inthe passband frequency range that are signifi-cantly greater than the noise floor displayed onthe analyzer.6) To find the total power being applied the calcu-lations listed below must be performed. Theconversion chart at the rear of the manual canbe used. Here are the steps:a) Convert all values in dBm to Wattsb) Total the power for all carriers in Wattsc) Convert the total power in Watts to dBmExample: suppose we have a signalbooster with a maximum gain of 70dB. After checking the input signallevels, it was determined that thereare three signals that are signifi-cantly greater than the noise floor displayed on theanalyzer. These signals have strengths of -45dBm, -43 dBm and -41 dBm. First we use the conversion chart at the end of thismanual to convert the power levels in dBm to wattsS p e c t r u m A n a l y z e rR a d i o 1R a d i o 2S I G N A L D I S T R I B U T I O N S Y S T E MFigure 3: Typical test equipment setup for measuring input signal levels.
61-89A-50-A18-G1-UserMan page 12 of 20TX RX Systems Inc. Manual 7-9352 (version 4) 01/27/04 Page 12NOTEPressing CANCEL always returnsyou to the previous menu withoutsaving changesNOTEIf no button is pressed within2 minutes, system returns toMain Status Display Screen NOTEThis menu screen will also give youthe option to place an amplifier intoBypass or take one out of Bypass. PA## MA## MAMID## MA## MALOW## MA## MAUDStatus OKCalibrate CurrentsSet GainSet Output LevelRestore Orig ConfigUplink Low Level AmpUplink Mid Level AmpUplink Power AmpDownlink Low AmpDownlink Mid AmpDownlink Power AmpPower SupplyCurrent OLC StatusOLC Historical InfoOLC Historical InfoAvg# dB# %Day# dB# %ULCurrent OLC StatusUplink# dB# %Downlink# dB# %Name of AmpCurrent # Temp #Amp Is/NotBypassed/ConnectedPower Supply Status24v ### 12v ###Set Desired GainUplink## dBDownlink## dBDoneSave Changes?Yes NoUplink## dBmDownlink## dBmDoneSet Output LevelsAre you sureyou want to restorethe Factory Presets?Yes NoPress Enter toCalibrate CurrentsCalibrating . . .Done CalibratingPress Enter to SavePress ENTER keyKEYPress Item Select arrow key EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEDetailed StatusConfigurationFigure 4: Software flow chart.
61-89A-50-A18-G1-UserMan page 13 of 20TX RX Systems Inc. Manual 7-9352 (version 4) 01/27/04 Page 13so that we can add them together. The power inwatts is written in scientific notation but the chartuses computer notation. For example, in the chart,an exponent may be written as E-08. In conven-tional mathematical notation E-08 is written 10-8.The total power must be written as a numberbetween 0 and 10 to use the chart. Look up1.611E-7 in the Watts column. This number fallsbetween -38 and -37 dBm so we chose -37because it is the next higher value.Reduction of Incoming Signal StrengthReducing the strength of offending signals mayrequire some or all of the following steps:a) The addition of extra filtering. Consult TX RXSystem's sales engineers for help in thisrespect.b) Modification of the signal distribution layout bychanging the type or location of pickup anten-nas. This has to be approached in an empiricalway, that is, change-and-try until you get thedesired results. Sometimes changing from omnito directional antennas will correct the problem.OPERATIONPower is applied to the signal booster by turning onthe AC power switch located on the junction boxinside the cabinet, refer to figure1. This will turn onthe power supply assembly and the LED indicatoron the power supply should come on indicating theassembly is functioning normally.The model 61-89A-50-A18-G1 signal booster sys-tem is software controlled. Interface to the systemis done through the LCD display screen and themenu select buttons located on the display panel,see figure 1. A flow chart showing all of the possi-ble user menu selections is shown in Figure 4.Each menu selection will be discussed in detailbelow. Upon power up the system will begin tocycle through its normal boot-up sequence duringwhich time the LCD display will briefly show thecurrent software version, see Figure 5. Main Status Display ScreenOnce the boot-up sequence is completed (afterseveral seconds) the LCD display will switch to themain status display screen as shown in Figure 6.This is the normal display screen for the signalbooster. The system will return to this screen fromany other screen if no menu interface buttons arepressed within 2 minutes.The main status display screen shows the currentdraw of all 6 amplifiers in the system. First theuplink amplifiers, power (PA), mid-level (MID), andlow-level (LOW) then the three downlink amplifiers.The current value will flash on and off for anyamplifier in error. The last line of the main displayscreen gives a summary status message for theentire signal booster. In this example “Status Okay”is being displayed. Pressing the “ENTER” buttonwill move you from the main status display screeninto the menu selections and will permit interactionwith the system. There are two main functionsavailable within the software menus including con-figuration settings and detailed status displays.Power (dBm) Power (watts)-45 dBm 3.16 x 10-8-43 dBm 5.01 x 10-8-41 dBm 7.94 x 10-8TOTAL 16.11 x 10-8Figure 6: Main Status Display Screen.Figure 5: Software version is displayed briefly duringthe boot-up sequence.
61-89A-50-A18-G1-UserMan page 14 of 20TX RX Systems Inc. Manual 7-9352 (version 4) 01/27/04 Page 14Configuration SettingsThese items allow system configuration changes tobe made. The final selection in this group “RestoreOrig Config” will restore all configurable settings totheir original factory default values. Each config-urable item is discussed below in detail.CALIBRATE CURRENTSSelecting this function automatically calibrates thecurrent alarm “trip” point of each amplifier in thesystem. Due to manufacturing tolerances there aresmall differences in current draw between amplifierassemblies. This software function matches thealarm sensing circuit to the respective amplifierassembly and should be repeated whenever anamplifier assembly is replaced for maintenancepurposes.SET GAINThis function allows the user to electronicallyreduce the gain of the booster up to 30 dB in incre-ments of 0.5 dB. Gain can be adjusted indepen-dently for both the uplink and downlink channels.SET OUTPUT LEVELAllows the output levels for the uplink and downlinkchannels to be independently adjusted in 1 dBincrements up to +30 dBm. Note that the OLC cir-cuitry will make every effort to maintain the sys-tems output level at the values you have selected inthis menu.Detailed Status ScreensThese items allow a detailed examination of sys-tem components including; all amplifiers, the powersupply, and the OLC function. Each item is dis-cussed below in detail.AMPLIFIERSA separate status screen is available for eachamplifier in the system. When an amplifier isselected this function will display the present cur-rent draw of that amp as well as its present operat-ing temperature in degrees Celsius. In addition, astatus message will indicate if the amplifier is con-nected and whether the amplifier is bypassed ornot bypassed. This menu selection also providesthe option of placing an amplifier in bypass or tak-ing an amplifier out of bypass.POWER SUPPLYThis function displays the real time power supplyvoltages for both 24 volt and 12 volt supplies.OLCThis screen shows the amount of attenuation pres-ently being used by the OLC for both the uplink anddownlink channels. In addition, the percentage ofOLC presently being used is also shown.The amount of OLC currently beingused in either the uplink or downlinkchannels is also indicated by LED bargraph displays located on the displaypanel.OLC HISTORICAL INFOThis screen displays the OLC historical data overthe past 100 days for both uplink and downlink. Theaverage OLC attenuation used when the OLC wasactive is given both for individual days and over theentire past 100 days. The percentage of time theOLC was active is also given for both individualdays and over the past 100 days. This archivedinformation will permit the creation of a user signalprofile to facilitate optimum system configurationand performance.AlarmsThe system continuously monitors the current drawand operating temperature of each amplifier as wellas the voltage level of the +12 and +24 VDC sup-plies. If any of these parameters exceed normaloperating levels by a factory preset percentage thesystem enters an alarm condition. Notification of analarm condition is provided by LED indicators andForm-C contacts available via the alarm terminalscrews.LED INDICATORSThere are LED indicators for each amplifier in thesystem as well as the +12 and +24 VDC powersupply voltages. The LED indicators for the low andmid level amplifiers are located on the individualplug-in module. These are tri-color LED’s withgreen representing NORMAL operation, orangerepresenting a WARNING condition, and red indi-cating a FAULT condition. A warning conditionoccurs when the current draw of the amplifierexceeds nominal by +/- 20%. Fault conditionsoccur when the current draw exceeds +/- 30% orthe amplifiers operating temperature exceeds 80°Celsius.The LED indicators for the power amplifiers arelocated on the assembly next to the RF input con-nector and are dual color LED’s. Green representsNORMAL operation while red indicates a FAULTNOTE
61-89A-50-A18-G1-UserMan page 15 of 20TX RX Systems Inc. Manual 7-9352 (version 4) 01/27/04 Page 15condition. Fault conditions occur when the currentdraw exceeds +/- 30% or the amplifiers operatingtemperature exceeds 80° Celsius. The poweramplifiers do not have a warning state.The power supply LED indicators are located ondisplay panel next to the menu selection buttonsand are also dual color. Green representing normaloperation and red a fault condition. A fault conditionfor the +24 VDC supply occurs whenever the volt-age potential drops below +16 VDC (30% belownominal). Likewise, a fault for the +12 VDC supplyoccurs when the potential is below +8 VDC (30%below nominal).FORM-C CONTACTSForm-C contacts are available inside the cabinetnext to the power supply assembly, see figure1.These screw terminals are intended for connectionto the customers supervisory alarm or data acqui-sition system. One set of terminals is notification ofany alarm condition occurring and the second setof contacts indicate the system is operating on bat-tery backup power. PERFORMANCE SURVEYIt is a good idea to document the performance ofthe system after installation so that a referenceexists for future comparisons. This information canmake troubleshooting an interference problem orinvestigation of a complaint about system perfor-mance much easier. If there are coverage prob-lems with a system, this survey will usually revealthem allowing corrective measures to be takenbefore the system is put into routine use. The fol-lowing is an outline of how to do such a survey.Because the nature of each installation can bequite different, only a broad outline is given.1) Measure the gain of the signal booster beingcareful not to exceed the maximum input level.Figure 7 shows this being done using a signalgenerator and spectrum analyzer. This is basi-cally a substitution measurement. Record themeasured values for each passband.Test PortTest PortSignalGeneratorZeroReferenceSpectrumAnalyzer10 dB PadGainFigure 7: Test equipment interconnection for measuring signal booster gain.
61-89A-50-A18-G1-UserMan page 16 of 20TX RX Systems Inc. Manual 7-9352 (version 4) 01/27/04 Page 162) The signal booster is equipped with a -30 dBsignal sampler port following the final outputamp (part of the Duplexer assembly). This portis for the connection of test equipment such asa spectrum analyzer and will allow the observa-tion of the amplifier output at a considerablyreduced output level. This decoupling figureneeds to be added to a measured signal valuein order to arrive at the actual signal level.3) With a spectrum analyzer connected to the sig-nal sampler port (see Figure 8), have person-nel with handheld radios move to severalpredetermined points and key their radios.Record the level of these signals as observedon the analyzer and also record the location ofthe person transmitting. In this way, a map ofthe systems performance can be generated.Test PortBoostedRF SignalSignal Distribution SystemSpectrumAnalyzer10 dB PadFigure 8: Test equipment interconnection for surveying performance.
61-89A-50-A18-G1-UserMan page 17 of 20TX RX Systems Inc. Manual 7-9352 (version 4) 01/27/04 Page 174) For signals coming from a fixed antenna or sta-tion, record the level of all the desired incomingsignals for future reference.MAINTENANCE AND REPAIRSignal boosters manufactured by TX RX Systems,Inc. can function reliably for 10 or more years withlittle or no maintenance. However, if the amplifiersare subjected to excessively high signal levels,power surges or lightning strikes, failures mayoccur. The following procedures may be followedfor detecting a malfunctioning unit or as part of aperiodic maintenance program.1) The heatsink area should be cleared of dustand debris.2) Inspect the unit to see that the power supplyLED DC indicator is lit (remove any dust ordebris that may obscure the LED). This will ver-ify that DC power is flowing properly. Check allhardware for tightness.3) Compare system performance to initial perfor-mance levels measured when the system wasfirst installed. The lack of signal can be traced toa malfunctioning amplifier by progressive signalmonitoring from the output (far end) to the inputend of the system noting the area where thesignal returns to normal level. The next amplifiertoward the output end of the system will proba-bly be the one that failed.orMeasure the gain at any convenient frequencyin the working frequency band to verify that thegain specification is being met. If the gain val-ues fall below that specified for the model checkthe following:A) Open the signal booster cabinet and inspect forany loose or broken connections or cables, andrepair as necessary.B) Measure the output of the power supply to seethat the proper operating voltage is being main-tained.
61-89A-50-A18-G1-UserMan page 18 of 20TX RX Systems Inc. Manual 7-9352 (version 4) 01/27/04 Page 18dBm dBw Watts Volts (50Ω)80 50 100000 2236.0779 49 79432.82 1992.978 48 63095.74 1776.1777 47 50118.72 1583.0176 46 39810.72 1410.8675 45 31622.78 1257.4374 44 25118.86 1120.6973 43 19952. 62 998.8172 42 15848.93 890.1971 41 12589.25 793.3970 40 10000 707.1169 39 7943.28 630.2168 38 6309.57 561.6767 37 5011.87 500.5966 36 3981.07 446.1565 35 3162.28 397.6464 34 2511.89 354.3963 33 1995.26 315.8562 32 1584.89 281.561 31 1258.93 250.8960 30 1000 223.6159 29 794.33 199.2958 28 630.96 177.6257 27 501.19 158.356 26 398.11 141.0955 25 316.23 125.7454 24 251.19 112.0753 23 199.53 99.8852 22 158.49 89.0251 21 125.89 79.3450 20 100 70.7149 19 79.43 63.0248 18 63.1 56.1747 17 50.12 50.0646 16 39.81 44.6245 15 31.62 39.7644 14 25.12 35.4443 13 19.95 31.5942 12 15.85 28.1541 11 12.59 25.09dBm dBw Watts Volts (50Ω)40 10 10 22.3639 9 7.94 19.9338 8 6.31 17.7637 7 5.01 15.8336 6 3.98 14.1135 5 3.16 12.5734 4 2.51 11.2133 3 2 9.9932 2 1.59 8.931 1 1.26 7.9330 0 1 7.0729 -1 0.79 6.328 -2 0.63 5.6227 -3 0.5 5.0126 -4 0.4 4.4625 -5 0.32 3.9824 -6 0.25 3.5423 -7 0.2 3.1622 -8 0.16 2.8221 -9 0.13 2.5120 -10 0.1 2.2419 -11 0.08 1.9918 -12 0.06 1.7817 -13 0.05 1.5816 -14 0.04 1.4115 -15 0.03 1.2614 -16 0.03 1.1213 -17 0.02 112 -18 0.02 0.8911 -19 0.01 0.7910 -20 0.01 0.719 -21 0.01 0.638 -22 0.01 0.567 -23 0.01 0.56-24 00.455-25 0 0.44-26 00.353-27 00.322-28 00.281-29 00.25Power Conversion ChartdBm to dBw : Watts : Microvolts
61-89A-50-A18-G1-UserMan page 19 of 20TX RX Systems Inc. Manual 7-9352 (version 4) 01/27/04 Page 19dBm dBw Watts uVolts (50Ω)0 -30 1.0000E-03 223606.8-1 -31 7.9433E-04 199289.77-2 -32 6.3096E-04 177617.19-3 -33 5.0119E-04 158301.49-4 -34 3.9811E-04 141086.35-5 -35 3.1623E-04 125743.34-6 -36 2.5119E-04 112068.87-7 -37 1.9953E-04 99881.49-8 -38 1.5849E-04 89019.47-9 -39 1.2589E-04 79338.69-10 -40 1.0000E-04 70710.68-11 -41 7.9433E-05 63020.96-12 -42 6.3096E-05 56167.49-13 -43 5.0119E-05 50059.33-14 -44 3.9811E-05 44615.42-15 -45 3.1623E-05 39763.54-16 -46 2.5119E-05 35439.29-17 -47 1.9953E-05 31585.3-18 -48 1.5849E-05 28150.43-19 -49 1.2589E-05 25089.1-20 -50 1.0000E-05 22360.68-21 -51 7.9433E-06 19928.98-22 -52 6.3096E-06 17761.72-23 -53 5.0119E-06 15830.15-24 -54 3.9811E-06 14108.64-25 -55 3.1623E-06 12574.33-26 -56 2.5119E-06 11206.89-27 -57 1.9953E-06 9988.15-28 -58 1.5849E-06 8901.95-29 -59 1.2589E-06 7933.87-30 -60 1.0000E-06 7071.07-31 -61 7.9433E-07 6302.1-32 -62 6.3096E-07 5616.75-33 -63 5.0119E-07 5005.93-34 -64 3.9811E-07 4461.54-35 -65 3.1623E-07 3976.35-36 -66 2.5119E-07 3543.93-37 -67 1.9953E-07 3158.53-38 -68 1.5849E-07 2815.04-39 -69 1.2589E-07 2508.91dBm dBw Watts uVolts (50Ω)-40 -70 1.0000E-07 2236.07-41 -71 7.9433E-08 1992.9-42 -72 6.3096E-08 1776.17-43 -73 5.0119E-08 1583.02-44 -74 3.9811E-08 1410.86-45 -75 3.1623E-08 1257.43-46 -76 2.5119E-08 1120.69-47 -77 1.9953E-08 998.82-48 -78 1.5849E-08 890.2-49 -79 1.2589E-08 793.39-50 -80 1.0000E-08 707.11-51 -81 7.9433E-09 630.21-52 -82 6.3096E-09 561.68-53 -83 5.0119E-09 500.59-54 -84 3.9811E-09 446.15-55 -85 3.1623E-09 397.64-56 -86 2.5119E-09 354.39-57 -87 1.9953E-09 315.85-58 -88 1.5849E-09 281.5-59 -89 1.2589E-09 250.89-60 -90 1.0000E-09 223.61-61 -91 7.9433E-10 199.29-62 -92 6.3096E-10 177.62-63 -93 5.0119E-10 158.3-64 -94 3.9811E-10 141.09-65 -95 3.1623E-10 125.74-66 -96 2.5119E-10 112.07-67 -97 1.9953E-10 99.88-68 -98 1.5849E-10 89.02-69 -99 1.2589E-10 79.34-70 -100 1.0000E-10 70.71-71 -101 7.9433E-11 63.02-72 -102 6.3096E-11 56.17-73 -103 5.0119E-11 50.06-74 -104 3.9811E-11 44.62-75 -105 3.1623E-11 39.76-76 -106 2.5119E-11 35.44-77 -107 1.9953E-11 31.59-78 -108 1.5849E-11 28.15-79 -109 1.2589E-11 25.09Power Conversion ChartdBm to dBw : Watts : Microvolts
61-89A-50-A18-G1-UserMan page 20 of 20TX RX Systems Inc. Manual 7-9352 (version 4) 01/27/04 Page 20dBm dBw Watts uVolts (50Ω)-80 -110 1.0000E-11 22.36-81 -111 7.9433E-12 19.93-82 -112 6.3096E-12 17.76-83 -113 5.0119E-12 15.83-84 -114 3.9811E-12 14.11-85 -115 3.1623E-12 12.57-86 -116 2.5119E-12 11.21-87 -117 1.9953E-12 9.99-88 -118 1.5849E-12 8.9-89 -119 1.2589E-12 7.93-90 -120 1.0000E-12 7.07-91 -121 7.9433E-13 6.3-92 -122 6.3096E-13 5.62-93 -123 5.0119E-13 5.01-94 -124 3.9811E-13 4.46-95 -125 3.1623E-13 3.98-96 -126 2.5119E-13 3.54-97 -127 1.9953E-13 3.16-98 -128 1.5849E-13 2.82-99 -129 1.2589E-13 2.51-100 -130 1.0000E-13 2.24-101 -131 7.9433E-14 1.99-102 -132 6.3096E-14 1.78-103 -133 5.0119E-14 1.58-104 -134 3.9811E-14 1.41-105 -135 3.1623E-14 1.26-106 -136 2.5119E-14 1.12-107 -137 1.9953E-14 1-108 -138 1.5849E-14 0.89-109 -139 1.2589E-14 0.79-110 -140 1.0000E-14 0.71-111 -141 7.9433E-15 0.63-112 -142 6.3096E-15 0.56-113 -143 5.0119E-15 0.5-114 -144 3.9811E-15 0.45-115 -145 3.1623E-15 0.4-116 -146 2.5119E-15 0.35-117 -147 1.9953E-15 0.32-118 -148 1.5849E-15 0.28-119 -149 1.2589E-15 0.25dBm dBw Watts uVolts (50Ω)-120 -150 1.0000E-15 0.22-121 -151 7.9433E-16 0.2-122 -152 6.3096E-16 0.18-123 -153 5.0119E-16 0.16-124 -154 3.9811E-16 0.14-125 -155 3.1623E-16 0.13-126 -156 2.5119E-16 0.11-127 -157 1.9953E-16 0.1-128 -158 1.5849E-16 0.09-129 -159 1.2589E-16 0.08-130 -160 1.0000E-16 0.07-131 -161 7.9433E-17 0.06-132 -162 6.3096E-17 0.06-133 -163 5.0119E-17 0.05-134 -164 3.9811E-17 0.05-135 -165 3.1623E-17 0.04-136 -166 2.5119E-17 0.04-137 -167 1.9953E-17 0.03-138 -168 1.5849E-17 0.03-139 -169 1.2589E-17 0.03-140 -170 1.0000E-17 0.02-141 -171 7.9433E-18 0.02-142 -172 6.3096E-18 0.02-143 -173 5.0119E-18 0.02-144 -174 3.9811E-18 0.01-145 -175 3.1623E-18 0.01-146 -176 2.5119E-18 0.01-147 -177 1.9953E-18 0.01-148 -178 1.5849E-18 0.01-149 -179 1.2589E-18 0.01-150 -180 1.0000E-18 0.01Power Conversion ChartdBm to dBw : Watts : Microvolts

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