Buddi ST1 Smart TAG User Manual GE865 Harware User Guide

Buddi Limited Smart TAG GE865 Harware User Guide

Contents

User manual

SPECIFICATIONS SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE Notice While reasonable efforts have been made to assure the accuracy of this document, Telit assumes no liability resulting from any inaccuracies or omissions in this document, or from use of the information obtained herein. The information in this document has been carefully checked and is believed to be entirely reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed for inaccuracies or omissions. Telit reserves the right to make changes to any products described herein and reserves the right to revise this document and to make changes from time to time in content hereof with no obligation to notify any person of revisions or changes. Telit does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product, software, or circuit described herein; neither does it convey license under its patent rights or the rights of others. It is possible that this publication may contain references to, or information about Telit products (machines and programs), programming, or services that are not announced in your country. Such references or information must not be construed to mean that Telit intends to announce such Telit products, programming, or services in your country. Copyrights This instruction manual and the Telit products described in this instruction manual may be, include or describe copyrighted Telit material, such as computer programs stored in semiconductor memories or other media. Laws in the Italy and other countries preserve for Telit and its licensors certain exclusive rights for copyrighted material, including the exclusive right to copy, reproduce in any form, distribute and make derivative works of the copyrighted material. Accordingly, any copyrighted material of Telit and its licensors contained herein or in the Telit products described in this instruction manual may not be copied, reproduced, distributed, merged or modified in any manner without the express written permission of Telit. Furthermore, the purchase of Telit products shall not be deemed to grant either directly or by implication, estoppel, or otherwise, any license under the copyrights, patents or patent applications of Telit, as arises by operation of law in the sale of a product. Computer Software Copyrights The Telit and 3rd Party supplied Software (SW) products described in this instruction manual may include copyrighted Telit and other 3rd Party supplied computer programs stored in semiconductor memories or other media. Laws in the Italy and other countries preserve for Telit and other 3rd Party supplied SW certain exclusive rights for copyrighted computer programs, including the exclusive right to copy or reproduce in any form the copyrighted computer program. Accordingly, any copyrighted Telit or other 3rd Party supplied SW computer programs contained in the Telit products described in this instruction manual may not be copied (reverse engineered) or reproduced in any manner without the express written permission of Telit or the 3rd Party SW supplier. Furthermore, the purchase of Telit products shall not be deemed to grant either directly or by implication, estoppel, or otherwise, any license under the copyrights, patents or patent applications of Telit or other 3rd Party supplied SW, except for the normal non-exclusive, royalty free license to use that arises by operation of law in the sale of a product.
Usage and Disclosure Restrictions License Agreements The software described in this document is the property of Telit and its licensors. It is furnished by express license agreement only and may be used only in accordance with the terms of such an agreement. Copyrighted Materials Software and documentation are copyrighted materials. Making unauthorized copies is prohibited by law. No part of the software or documentation may be reproduced, transmitted, transcribed, stored in a retrieval system, or translated into any language or computer language, in any form or by any means, without prior written permission of Telit High Risk Materials Components, units, or third-party products used in the product described herein are NOT fault-tolerant and are NOT designed, manufactured, or intended for use as on-line control equipment in the following hazardous environments requiring fail-safe controls: the operation of Nuclear Facilities, Aircraft Navigation or Aircraft Communication Systems, Air Traffic Control, Life Support, or Weapons Systems (High Risk Activities"). Telit and its supplier(s) specifically disclaim any expressed or implied warranty of fitness for such High Risk Activities. Trademarks TELIT and the Stylized T Logo are registered in Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. Copyright © Telit Communications S.p.A.
Contents 1. INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................................................... 7 1.1. SCOPE ....................................................................................................................................................................... 7 1.2. AUDIENCE ................................................................................................................................................................. 7 1.3. CONTACT INFORMATION, SUPPORT ........................................................................................................................... 7 1.4. DOCUMENT ORGANIZATION ..................................................................................................................................... 8 1.5. TEXT CONVENTIONS ................................................................................................................................................. 9 1.6. RELATED DOCUMENTS ............................................................................................................................................. 9 2. OVERVIEW .............................................................................................................................................................. 10 3. GE865 MECHANICAL DIMENSIONS .......................................................................................................................... 11 4. GE865 MODULE CONNECTIONS ............................................................................................................................... 12 4.1. PIN-OUT ................................................................................................................................................................ 12 4.1.1. BGA Balls Layout .......................................................................................................................................... 15 5. HARDWARE COMMANDS ........................................................................................................................................ 16 5.1. TURNING ON THE GE865 ....................................................................................................................................... 16 5.2. TURNING OFF THE GE865 ...................................................................................................................................... 20 5.3. RESETTING THE GE865 ........................................................................................................................................... 22 5.3.1. Hardware Unconditional restart ................................................................................................................... 22 6. POWER SUPPLY ....................................................................................................................................................... 25 6.1. POWER SUPPLY REQUIREMENTS ............................................................................................................................. 25 6.2. POWER CONSUMPTION ............................................................................................................................................ 26 6.2.1. Power consumption Plots .............................................................................................................................. 27 6.3. GENERAL DESIGN RULES ........................................................................................................................................ 31 6.3.1. Electrical Design Guidelines ......................................................................................................................... 31 6.3.2. Thermal Design Guidelines ........................................................................................................................... 34 6.3.3. Power Supply PCB layout Guidelines ........................................................................................................... 35 7. ANTENNA ................................................................................................................................................................ 36 7.1. GSM ANTENNA REQUIREMENTS ............................................................................................................................ 36 7.2. GSM ANTENNA - PCB LINE GUIDELINES ................................................................................................................ 37 7.3. PCB GUIDELINES IN CASE OF FCC CERTIFICATION ................................................................................................. 38 7.3.1. Transmission line design ............................................................................................................................... 38 7.3.2. Transmission line measurements ................................................................................................................... 39 7.4. GSM ANTENNA - INSTALLATION GUIDELINES ........................................................................................................ 41 8. LOGIC LEVEL SPECIFICATIONS .................................................................................................................................. 42 8.1. RESET SIGNAL ......................................................................................................................................................... 43 9. SERIAL PORTS .......................................................................................................................................................... 44 9.1. MODEM SERIAL PORT ....................................................................................................................................... 44 9.2. RS232 LEVEL TRANSLATION ................................................................................................................................... 46 9.3. UART BEHAVIOUR ................................................................................................................................................. 49
10. AUDIO SECTION OVERVIEW ................................................................................................................................ 50 10.1. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS ............................................................................................................................. 51 10.1.1. Input Lines ..................................................................................................................................................... 51 10.1.2. Output Lines .................................................................................................................................................. 52 11. GENERAL PURPOSE I/O ....................................................................................................................................... 53 11.1. GPIO LOGIC LEVELS ............................................................................................................................................... 54 11.2. USING A GPIO PAD AS INPUT ............................................................................................................................... 55 11.3. USING A GPIO PAD AS OUTPUT ........................................................................................................................... 55 11.4. USING THE RF TRANSMISSION CONTROL GPIO4 .................................................................................................... 55 11.5. USING THE RFTXMON OUTPUT GPIO5 ................................................................................................................ 56 11.6. USING THE ALARM OUTPUT GPIO6 ........................................................................................................................ 56 11.7. USING THE BUZZER OUTPUT GPIO7 ....................................................................................................................... 56 11.8. INDICATION OF NETWORK SERVICE AVAILABILITY .................................................................................................. 57 11.9. RTC BYPASS OUT ................................................................................................................................................... 58 11.10. EXTERNAL SIM HOLDER IMPLEMENTATION ...................................................................................................... 58 12. DAC AND ADC SECTION ....................................................................................................................................... 59 12.1. DAC CONVERTER ................................................................................................................................................... 59 12.1.1. Description .................................................................................................................................................... 59 12.1.2. Enabling DAC ............................................................................................................................................... 60 12.1.3. Low Pass Filter Example ............................................................................................................................... 60 12.2. ADC CONVERTER ................................................................................................................................................... 61 12.2.1. Description .................................................................................................................................................... 61 12.2.2. Using ADC Converter ................................................................................................................................... 61 13. MOUNTING THE GE865 ON YOUR BOARD ........................................................................................................... 62 13.1. GENERAL ................................................................................................................................................................ 62 13.2. MODULE FINISHING & DIMENSIONS ........................................................................................................................ 62 13.3. RECOMMENDED FOOT PRINT FOR THE APPLICATION ................................................................................................ 63 13.4. DEBUG OF THE GE865 IN PRODUCTION ................................................................................................................... 64 13.5. STENCIL .................................................................................................................................................................. 64 13.6. PCB PAD DESIGN .................................................................................................................................................... 65 13.7. SOLDER PASTE ........................................................................................................................................................ 66 13.7.1. GE865 Solder reflow ..................................................................................................................................... 67 14. PACKING SYSTEM ................................................................................................................................................ 69 14.1. PACKING ON TRAY .................................................................................................................................................. 69 14.1.1. Tray detail ..................................................................................................................................................... 70 14.2. PACKAGING ON REEL .............................................................................................................................................. 71 14.2.1. Carrier Tape detail ........................................................................................................................................ 71 14.2.2. Reel detail ...................................................................................................................................................... 72 14.2.3. Packaging detail ............................................................................................................................................ 73 14.3. MOISTURE SENSIBILITY ........................................................................................................................................... 73 15. CONFORMITY ASSESSMENT ISSUES ..................................................................................................................... 74 16. SAFETY RECOMMANDATIONS ............................................................................................................................. 76 17. DOCUMENT HISTORY .......................................................................................................................................... 77
1. Introduction 1.1. Scope The aim of this document is the description of some hardware solutions useful for developing a product with the Telit GE865 module. 1.2. Audience This document is intended for Telit customers, who are integrators, about to implement their applications using our GE865 modules. 1.3. Contact Information, Support For general contact, technical support, to report documentation errors and to order manuals, contact Telit’s Technical Support Center (TTSC) at: TS-EMEA@telit.com TS-NORTHAMERICA@telit.com TS-LATINAMERICA@telit.com TS-APAC@telit.com Alternatively, use: http://www.telit.com/en/products/technical-support-center/contact.php For detailed information about where you can buy the Telit modules or for recommendations on accessories and components visit: http://www.telit.com To register for product news and announcements or for product questions contact Telit’s Technical Support Center (TTSC). Our aim is to make this guide as helpful as possible. Keep us informed of your comments and suggestions for improvements. Telit appreciates feedback from the users of our information.
1.4. Document Organization This document contains the following chapters: Chapter 1: “Introduction” provides a scope for this document, target audience, contact and support information, and text conventions. Chapter 2: “Overview” provides an overview of the document. Chapter 3: “GE865 Mechanical Dimensions” Chapter 4: “GE865 Module Connections” deals with the pin out configuration and layout. Chapter 5: “Hardware Commands” How to operate on the module via hardware. Chapter 6: “Power supply” Power supply requirements and general design rules. Chapter 7: “Antenna” The antenna connection and board layout design are the most important parts in the full product design. Chapter 8: “Logic Level specifications” Specific values adopted in the implementation of logic levels for this module. Chapter 9: “Serial ports” The serial port on the Telit GE865 is the core of the interface between the module and OEM hardware Chapter 10: “Audio Section overview” Refers to the audio blocks of the Base Band Chip of the GE865 Telit Modules. Chapter 11: “General Purpose I/O” How the general purpose I/O pads can be configured. Chapter 12 “DAC and ADC Section” Deals with these two kind of converters. Chapter 13: “Mounting the GE865 on the application board” Recommendations and specifics on how to mount the module on the user’s board.
1.5. Text Conventions Danger – This information MUST be followed or catastrophic equipment failure or bodily injury may occur. Caution or Warning – Alerts the user to important points about integrating the module, if these points are not followed, the module and end user equipment may fail or malfunction. Tip or Information – Provides advice and suggestions that may be useful when integrating the module. All dates are in ISO 8601 format, i.e. YYYY-MM-DD. 1.6. Related Documents  Telit's GSM/GPRS Family Software User Guide, 1vv0300784  Audio settings application note , 80000NT10007a  Digital Voice Interface Application Note, 80000NT10004a  GE865 Product description,  SIM Holder Design Guides, 80000NT10001a  AT Commands Reference Guide, 80000ST10025a  Telit EVK2 User Guide, 1vv0300704
2. Overview The aim of this document is the description of some hardware solutions useful for developing a product with the Telit GE865 module. In this document all the basic functions of a mobile phone will be taken into account; for each one of them a proper hardware solution will be suggested and eventually the wrong solutions and common errors to be avoided will be evidenced. Obviously this document cannot embrace the whole hardware solutions and products that may be designed. The wrong solutions to be avoided shall be considered as mandatory, while the suggested hardware configurations shall not be considered mandatory, instead the information given shall be used as a guide and a starting point for properly developing your product with the Telit GE865 module. For further hardware details that may not be explained in this document refer to the Telit GE865 Product Description document where all the hardware information is reported. NOTICE: (The integration of the GSM/GPRS GE865 cellular module within user application shall be done according to the design rules described in this manual. The information presented in this document is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Telit Communications S.p.A. for its use, nor any infringement of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent rights of Telit Communications S.p.A. other than for circuitry embodied in Telit products. This document is subject to change without notice.
3. GE865 Mechanical Dimensions The GE865-QUAD overall dimensions are:  Length: 22 mm  Width: 22 mm  Thickness: 3.0 mm  Weight: 3,2 g
4. GE865 module connections 4.1. PIN-OUT Ball Signal I/O Function Note Type Audio E8 EAR- AO Earphone signal output, phase - Audio D8 EAR+ AO Earphone signal output, phase + Audio B8 MIC+ AI Mic.signal input; phase+ Audio C8 MIC- AI Mic.signal input; phase- Audio SIM card interface A5 SIMCLK O External SIM signal – Clock 1,8 / 3V A8 SIMRST O External SIM signal – Reset 1,8 / 3V A6 SIMIO I/O External SIM signal – Data I/O 4.7K Pull up 1,8 / 3V B7 SIMIN I External SIM signal – Presence (active low) 1,8 / 3V A7 SIMVCC - External SIM signal – Power supply for the SIM 1,8 / 3V Trace D1 TX_AUX O Auxiliary UART (TX Data to DTE) CMOS 2.8V E1 RX_AUX I Auxiliary UART (RX Data from DTE) CMOS 2.8V Prog. / Data + HW Flow Control A3 C103/TXD I Serial data input (TXD) from DTE CMOS 2.8V A4 C104/RXD O Serial data output to DTE CMOS 2.8V B3 C108/DTR I Input for Data terminal ready signal (DTR) from DTE CMOS 2.8V A1 C105/RTS I Input for Request to send signal (RTS) from DTE CMOS 2.8V A2 C106/CTS O Output for Clear to send signal (CTS) to DTE CMOS 2.8V B5 C109/DCD O Output for Data carrier detect signal (DCD) to DTE CMOS 2.8V B2 C107/DSR O Output for Data set ready signal (DSR) to DTE CMOS 2.8V B4 C125/RING O Output for Ring indicator signal (RI) to DTE CMOS 2.8V DAC and ADC G7 DAC_OUT AO Digital/Analog converter output D/A F5 ADC_IN1 AI Analog/Digital converter input A/D F6 ADC_IN2 AI Analog/Digital converter input A/D Miscellaneous Functions C1 RESET* I Reset input Internal pull-up H2 VRTC AI/O VRTC Backup capacitor Power G8 STAT_LED O Status indicator led CMOS 1.8V B1 ON_OFF* I Input command for switching power ON or OFF (toggle command). 47K Pull Up Pull up to VRTC E2 PWRMON O Power ON Monitor CMOS 2.8V H5 Antenna O Antenna output – 50 Ω RF H1 Service I Service pin can be used to upgrade the module from ASC1 as a alternative to default upgrading procedure using ASC0 Any pull-up/down are required CMOS 2.8V
Ball Signal I/O Function Note Type GPIO D3 GPIO_01 / DVI_WA0 I/O GPIO01 Configurable GPIO / Digital Audio Interface (WA0) CMOS 2.8V D2 GPIO_02 / JDR / DVI_RX I/O GPIO02 I/O pin / Jammer Detect Report / Digital Audio Interface (RX) CMOS 2.8V E4 GPIO_03 / DVI_TX I/O GPIO03 GPIO I/O pin // Digital Audio Interface (TX) CMOS 2.8V H7 GPIO_04 / TX_DISAB I/O GPIO04 Configurable GPIO / TX Disable input CMOS 2.8V G2 GPIO_05 / RFTXMON I/O GPIO05 Configurable GPIO / Transmitter ON monitor CMOS 2.8V H8 GPIO_06 / ALARM I/O GPIO06 Configurable GPIO / ALARM CMOS 2.8V G6 GPIO_07 / BUZZER I/O GPIO07 Configurable GPIO / Buzzer CMOS 2.8V D4 GPIO_08 / DVI_CLK I/O GPIO08 Configurable GPIO / Digital Audio Interface (CLK) CMOS 2.8V F4 GPIO_09 I/O GPIO09 4.7 K Pull Up Open Drain E3 GPIO_10 I/O GPIO10 4.7 K Pull Up Open Drain Power Supply F1 VBATT - Main power supply (Baseband) Power F2 VBATT_PA - Main power supply (Radio PA) Power F3 VBATT_PA - Main power supply (Radio PA) Power G1 GND - Ground Power C2 GND - Ground Power C7 GND - Ground Power E5 GND - Ground Power E7 GND - Ground Power G5 GND - Ground Power G4 GND - Ground Power G3 GND - Ground Power H3 GND - Ground Power H6 GND - Ground Power RESERVED B6 - C3 - C4 - C5 - C6 - D5 - D6 - D7 - E6 - F7 - F8 -
WARNING:Reserved pins must not be connected. NOTE: If not used, almost all pins should be left disconnected. The only exceptions are the following pins: RTS pin should be connected to the GND (on the module side) if flow control is not used pin signal F1,F2,F3 VBATT & VBATT_PA G1, C2, C7, E5, E7, G5, G4, G3, H3, H6 GND B1 ON/OFF* A3 TXD C1 RESET* A4 RXD A1 RTS D1 TXD_AUX E1 RXD_AUX H1 Service
4.1.1. BGA Balls Layout TOP VIEW A B C D E F G H 1 C105 / RTS ON_OFF RESET* TX_AUX RX_AUX VBATT GND SERVICE 2 C106/CTS C107/DSR GND GPIO_02 / DVI_RX PWRMON VBATT_PA GPIO_05 VRTC 3 C103_TXD C108/DTR - GPIO_01 / DVI_WA0 GPIO_10 VBATT_PA GND GND 4 C104/RXD C125/RING - GPIO_08 / DVI_CLK GPIO_03 / DVI_TX GPIO_09 GND 5 SIMCLK C109/DCD - - GND ADC1 GND ANT 6 SIMIO - - - - ADC2 GPIO_07 GND 7 SIMVCC SIMIN GND - GND - DAC GPIO_04 8 SIMRST MIC+ MIC- EAR+ EAR- - STATLED GPIO_06 LEGENDA: NOTE: The pin defined as H4 has to be considered RESERVED and not connected on any pin in the application. The related area on the application has to be kept empty. AUDIO SIM CARD ANTENNA UARTS DAC and ADC MISCELLANEOUS GPIO POWER SUPPLY VBATT POWER SUPPLY GND RESERVED
5. Hardware Commands 5.1. Turning ON the GE865 To turn on the GE865 the pad ON# must be tied low for at least 1 second and then released. When the power supply voltage is lower than 3.4V the pad ON# must be tied low at least 5 seconds. The maximum current that can be drained from the ON# pad is 0,1 mA. A simple circuit to do it is: NOTE: Don't use any pull up resistor on the ON# line, it is internally pulled up. Using pull up resistor may bring to latch up problems on the GE865 power regulator and improper power on/off of the module. The line ON# must be connected only in open collector configuration. NOTE: In this document all the lines that are inverted, hence have active low signals are labelled with a name that ends with”#" or with a bar over the name. TIP: To check if the device has powered on, the hardware line PWRMON should be monitored. After 900ms the line raised up the device could be considered powered on. NOTE: It is mandatory to avoid sending data to the serial ports during the first 200mS of the module start-up.
A flow chart showing the proper turn on procedure is displayed below: NOTE: In order to avoid a back powering effect it is recommended to avoid having any HIGH logic level signal applied to the digital pins of the GE865 when the module is powered off or during an ON/OFF transition. Modem ON Proc. Y Y Modem RESET Proc. AT init sequence. Start AT CMD. N PWMON = ON? PWMON = ON? AT answer in 1Sec ? N Y N Delay 1s DELAY= 900mSec ON_OFF = LOW Delay = 5 Sec ON_OFF = HIGH Enter AT<CR>
A flow chart showing the AT command managing procedure is displayed below: AT answer in 1Sec ? Y N Start AT CMD. DELAY= 300mSec Enter AT<CR> AT init sequence. Modem ON Proc. Disconnect VBatt
For example: 1- Let's assume you need to drive the ON# pad with a totem pole output of a +3/5 V microcontroller (uP_OUT1): 2- Let's assume you need to drive the ON# pad directly with an ON/OFF button:
5.2. Turning OFF the GE865 Turning off of the device can be done in two ways:  via AT command (see GE865 Software User Guide, AT#SHDN)  by tying low pin ON# Either ways, the device issues a detach request to network informing that the device will not be reachable any more. To turn OFF the GE865 the pad ON# must be tied low for at least 2 seconds and then released. A Pulse duration less than 2 seconds should also start the power off procedure, but this is not guaranteed. The same circuitry and timing for the power on must be used. The device shuts down after the release of the ON# pad. TIP: To check if the device has been powered off, the hardware line PWRMON must be monitored. The device is powered off when PWRMON goes low. NOTE: In order to avoid a back powering effect it is recommended to avoid having any HIGH logic level signal applied to the digital pins of the GE865 when the module is powered off or during an ON/OFF transition.
The following flow chart shows the proper turnoff procedure: Modem OFF Proc. N Y Disconnect PWR supply N PWMON = ON? PWMON = ON? Y Delay 15s ON_OFF = LOW Delay = 2 Sec ON_OFF = HIGH Modem ON Proc. PWMON = ON? N Y
5.3. Resetting the GE865 5.3.1. Hardware Unconditional restart WARNING: The hardware unconditional Restart must not be used during normal operation of the device since it does not detach the device from the network. It shall be kept as an emergency exit procedure to be done in the rare case that the device gets stacked waiting for some network or SIM responses. To unconditionally reboot the GE865, the pad RESET# must be tied low for at least 200 milliseconds and then released. The maximum current that can be drained from the RESET# pad is 0,15 mA. NOTE: Do not use any pull up resistor on the RESET* line nor any totem pole digital output. Using pull up resistor may bring to latch up problems on the GE865 power regulator and improper functioning of the module. The line RESET* must be connected only in open collector configuration. TIP: The unconditional hardware restart must always be implemented on the boards and the software must use it as an emergency exit procedure. A simple circuit to do it is:
In the following flow chart is detailed the proper restart procedure: NOTE: In order to avoid a back powering effect it is recommended to avoid having any HIGH logic level signal applied to the digital pins of the GE865 when the module is powered off or during an ON/OFF transition. Modem Reset Proc. Reset# = LOW Delay 200ms Reset# = HIGH PWRMON = ON Delay 1s Modem ON Proc. N Y Start AT CMD. Delay 1s
For example: 1. Let us assume you need to drive the RESET# pad with a totem pole output of a +3/5 V microcontroller (uP_OUT2):
6. Power Supply The power supply circuitry and board layout are a very important part in the full product design and they strongly reflect on the product overall performances, hence read carefully the requirements and the guidelines that will follow for a proper design. 6.1. Power Supply Requirements The external power supply must be connected to VBATT & VBATT_PA signals and must fulfill the following requirements: POWER SUPPLY Nominal Supply Voltage 3.8 V Normal Operating Voltage Range 3.4 V÷ 4.20 V Extended Operating Voltage Range 3.22 V÷ 4.50 V VOLTAGE RIPPLE Normal conditions, Power control level for Pout Max Value @ f <200KHz 50mV @ f >200KHz 2m V NOTE: The Operating Voltage Range MUST never be exceeded; care must be taken in order to fulfil min/max voltage requirement. NOTE: Overshoot voltage (regarding MAX Extended Operating Voltage) and drop in voltage (regarding MIN Extended Operating Voltage) MUST never be exceeded; The “Extended Operating Voltage Range” can be used only with completely assumption and application of the HW User guide suggestions. NOTE: When the power supply voltage is lower than 3.4V, to turn ON the module, the pad ON# must be tied low for at least 3 seconds. See para 5.1.
6.2. Power Consumption The GE865 power consumptions are: GE865 Mode Average (mA) Mode description SWITCHED OFF Module supplied but Switched Off Switched Off <62uA IDLE mode AT+CFUN=1 16,0 Normal mode: full functionality of the module AT+CFUN=4 16,0 Disabled TX and RX; module is not registered on the network AT+CFUN=0 or =5 3,9 Paging Multiframe 2 2,5 Paging Multiframe 3 2,4 Paging Multiframe 4 1,5 Paging Multiframe 9 CSD TX and RX mode GSM Voice call GSM900 CSD PL5 240 DCS1800 CSD PL0 175 GPRS (class 1) 1TX + 1RX GPRS Sending data mode GSM900 PL5 225 DCS1800 PL0 160 GPRS (class 10) 2TX + 3RX GPRS Sending data mode GSM900 PL5 420 DCS1800 PL0 290 The GSM system is made in a way that the RF transmission is not continuous, else it is packed into bursts at a base frequency of about 216 Hz, and the relative current peaks can be as high as about 2A. Therefore the power supply has to be designed in order to withstand with these current peaks without big voltage drops; this means that both the electrical design and the board layout must be designed for this current flow. If the layout of the PCB is not well designed a strong noise floor is generated on the ground and the supply; this will reflect on all the audio paths producing an audible annoying noise at 216 Hz; if the voltage drop during the peak current absorption is too much, then the device may even shutdown as a consequence of the supply voltage drop. NOTE: The electrical design for the Power supply should be made ensuring it will be capable of a peak current output of at least 2 A.
6.2.1. Power consumption Plots This document section is showing the typical Current consumption plots (using Agilent 66319D) in the normal working conditions of the module. GSM900 – Voice Call – Power level 5
GSM900 – GPRS Call – Power level 5 - 1 Slot TX GSM900 – GPRS Call – Power level 5 - 2 Slot TX, 3 Slot RX
DCS1800 – Voice Call – Power level 0 DCS1800 – GPRS Call – Power level 0 – 1 Slot TX
PCS1900 – GPRS Call – Power level 0 - 2 Slot TX, 3 Slot RX
6.3. General Design Rules The principal guidelines for the Power Supply Design embrace three different design steps:  the electrical design  the thermal design  the PCB layout. 6.3.1. Electrical Design Guidelines The electrical design of the power supply depends strongly from the power source where this power is drained. We will distinguish them into three categories:  +5V input (typically PC internal regulator output)  +12V input (typically automotive)  Battery 6.3.1.1. + 5V input Source Power Supply Design Guidelines  The desired output for the power supply is 3.8V, hence there's not a big difference between the input source and the desired output and a linear regulator can be used. A switching power supply will not be suited because of the low drop out requirements.  When using a linear regulator, a proper heat sink shall be provided in order to dissipate the power generated.  A Bypass low ESR capacitor of adequate capacity must be provided in order to cut the current absorption peaks close to the GE865, a 100μF tantalum capacitor is usually suited.  Make sure the low ESR capacitor on the power supply output (usually a tantalum one) is rated at least 10V.  A protection diode should be inserted close to the power input, in order to save the GE865 from power polarity inversion. An example of linear regulator with 5V input is:
6.3.1.2. + 12V input Source Power Supply Design Guidelines  The desired output for the power supply is 3.8V, hence due to the big difference between the input source and the desired output, a linear regulator is not suited and shall not be used. A switching power supply will be preferable because of its better efficiency especially with the 2A peak current load represented by the GE865.  When using a switching regulator, a 500kHz or more switching frequency regulator is preferable because of its smaller inductor size and its faster transient response. This allows the regulator to respond quickly to the current peaks absorption.  In any case the frequency and Switching design selection is related to the application to be developed due to the fact the switching frequency could also generate EMC interferences.  For car PB battery the input voltage can rise up to 15,8V and this should be kept in mind when choosing components: all components in the power supply must withstand this voltage.  A Bypass low ESR capacitor of adequate capacity must be provided in order to cut the current absorption peaks, a 100μF tantalum capacitor is usually suited.  Make sure the low ESR capacitor on the power supply output (usually a tantalum one) is rated at least 10V.  For Car applications a spike protection diode should be inserted close to the power input, in order to clean the supply from spikes.  A protection diode should be inserted close to the power input, in order to save the GE865 from power polarity inversion. This can be the same diode as for spike protection. An example of switching regulator with 12V input is in the below schematic:
6.3.1.3. Battery Source Power Supply Design Guidelines  The desired nominal output for the power supply is 3.8V and the maximum voltage allowed is 4.2V, hence a single 3.7V Li-Ion cell battery type is suited for supplying the power to the Telit GE865 module. WARNING: The three cells Ni/Cd or Ni/MH 3,6 V Nom. battery types or 4V PB types MUST NOT BE USED DIRECTLY since their maximum voltage can rise over the absolute maximum voltage for the GE865 and damage it. NOTE: DON'T USE any Ni-Cd, Ni-MH, and Pb battery types directly connected with GE865. Their use can lead to overvoltage on the GE865 and damage it. USE ONLY Li-Ion battery types.  A Bypass low ESR capacitor of adequate capacity must be provided in order to cut the current absorption peaks, a 100μF tantalum capacitor is usually suited.  Make sure the low ESR capacitor (usually a tantalum one) is rated at least 10V.  A protection diode should be inserted close to the power input, in order to save the GE865 from power polarity inversion. Otherwise the battery connector should be done in a way to avoid polarity inversions when connecting the battery.  The battery capacity must be at least 500mAh in order to withstand the current peaks of 2A; the suggested capacity is from 500mAh to 1000mAh.
6.3.2. Thermal Design Guidelines The thermal design for the power supply heat sink should be done with the following specifications:  Average current consumption during transmission @ max PWR level: 500mA  Average current consumption during transmission @ min PWR level: 150mA  Average current during Power Saving (CFUN=5) : 2,4mA  Average current during idle (Power Saving disabled): 24mA NOTE: The average consumption during transmissions depends on the power level at which the device is requested to transmit by the network. The average current consumption hence varies significantly. Considering the very low current during idle, especially if Power Saving function is enabled, it is possible to consider from the thermal point of view that the device absorbs current significantly only during calls. If we assume that the device stays into transmission for short periods of time (let's say few minutes) and then remains for a quite long time in idle (let's say one hour), then the power supply has always the time to cool down between the calls and the heat sink could be smaller than the calculated one for 500mA maximum RMS current, or even could be the simple chip package (no heat sink). Moreover in the average network conditions the device is requested to transmit at a lower power level than the maximum and hence the current consumption will be less than the 500mA, being usually around 150mA. For these reasons the thermal design is rarely a concern and the simple ground plane where the power supply chip is placed can be enough to ensure a good thermal condition and avoid overheating. For the heat generated by the GE865, you can consider it to be during transmission 1W max during CSD/VOICE calls and 2W max during class10 GPRS upload. This generated heat will be mostly conducted to the ground plane under the GE865; you must ensure that your application can dissipate it.
6.3.3. Power Supply PCB layout Guidelines As seen on the electrical design guidelines the power supply shall have a low ESR capacitor on the output to cut the current peaks and a protection diode on the input to protect the supply from spikes and polarity inversion. The placement of these components is crucial for the correct working of the circuitry. A misplaced component can be useless or can even decrease the power supply performances.  The Bypass low ESR capacitor must be placed close to the Telit GE865 power input pads or in the case the power supply is a switching type it can be placed close to the inductor to cut the ripple provided the PCB trace from the capacitor to the GE865 is wide enough to ensure a dropless connection even during the 2A current peaks.  The protection diode must be placed close to the input connector where the power source is drained.  The PCB traces from the input connector to the power regulator IC must be wide enough to ensure no voltage drops occur when the 2A current peaks are absorbed. Note that this is not made in order to save power loss but especially to avoid the voltage drops on the power line at the current peaks frequency of 216 Hz that will reflect on all the components connected to that supply, introducing the noise floor at the burst base frequency. For this reason while a voltage drop of 300-400 mV may be acceptable from the power loss point of view, the same voltage drop may not be acceptable from the noise point of view. If your application doesn't have audio interface but only uses the data feature of the Telit GE865, then this noise is not so disturbing and power supply layout design can be more forgiving.  The PCB traces to the GE865 and the Bypass capacitor must be wide enough to ensure no significant voltage drops occur when the 2A current peaks are absorbed. This is for the same reason as previous point. Try to keep this trace as short as possible.  The PCB traces connecting the Switching output to the inductor and the switching diode must be kept as short as possible by placing the inductor and the diode very close to the power switching IC (only for switching power supply). This is done in order to reduce the radiated field (noise) at the switching frequency (100-500 kHz usually).  The use of a good common ground plane is suggested.  The placement of the power supply on the board should be done in such a way to guarantee that the high current return paths in the ground plane are not overlapped to any noise sensitive circuitry as the microphone amplifier/buffer or earphone amplifier.  The power supply input cables should be kept separate from noise sensitive lines such as microphone/earphone cables.
7. Antenna The antenna connection and board layout design are the most important aspect in the full product design as they strongly affect the product overall performances, hence read carefully and follow the requirements and the guidelines for a proper design. 7.1. GSM Antenna Requirements As suggested on the Product Description the antenna and antenna transmission line on PCB for a Telit GE865 device shall fulfil the following requirements: ANTENNA REQUIREMENTS Frequency range Depending by frequency band(s) provided by the network operator, the customer shall use the most suitable antenna for that/those band(s) Bandwidth 70 MHz in GSM850, 80 MHz in GSM900, 170 MHz in DCS & 140 MHz PCS band Gain 1.4dBi @900 and 3dBi @1800 1.4dBi @850 and 3dBi @1900 Impedance 50Ω Input power > 2 W VSWR absolute max ≤ 10:1 (limit to avoid permanent damage) VSWR recommended ≤ 2:1 (limit to fulfil all regulatory requirements) When using the GE865, since there's no antenna connector on the module, the antenna must be connected to the GE865 antenna pad (BGA Ball H5) by means of a transmission line implemented on the PCB. In the case the antenna is not directly connected at the antenna pad of the GE865, then a PCB line is needed in order to connect with it or with its connector. This transmission line shall fulfill the following requirements: ANTENNA LINE ON PCB REQUIREMENTS Characteristic Impedance 50Ω Max Attenuation 0,3 dB Coupling with other signals shall be avoided Cold End (Ground Plane) of antenna shall be equipotential to the GE865 ground pins Furthermore if the device is developed for the US market and/or Canada market, it shall comply with the FCC and/or IC approval requirements: This device is to be used only for mobile and fixed application. In order to re-use the Telit FCC/IC approvals the antenna(s) used for this transmitter must be installed to provide a separation distance of at least 20 cm from all persons and must not be co-located or operating in
conjunction with any other antenna or transmitter. If antenna is installed with a separation distance of less than 20 cm from all persons or is co-located or operating in conjunction with any other antenna or transmitter then additional FCC/IC testing may be required. End-Users must be provided with transmitter operation conditions for satisfying RF exposure compliance. Antennas used for this OEM module must not exceed 3dBi gain for mobile and fixed operating configurations. 7.2. GSM Antenna - PCB line Guidelines  Make sure that the transmission line’s characteristic impedance is 50Ω ;  Keep line on the PCB as short as possible, since the antenna line loss shall be less than around 0,3 dB;  Line geometry should have uniform characteristics, constant cross section, avoid meanders and abrupt curves;  Any kind of suitable geometry / structure (Microstrip, Stripline, Coplanar, Grounded Coplanar Waveguide...) can be used for implementing the printed transmission line afferent the antenna;  If a Ground plane is required in line geometry, that plane has to be continuous and sufficiently extended, so the geometry can be as similar as possible to the related canonical model;  Keep, if possible, at least one layer of the PCB used only for the Ground plane; If possible, use this layer as reference Ground plane for the transmission line;  It is wise to surround (on both sides) the PCB transmission line with Ground, avoid having other signal tracks facing directly the antenna line track.  Avoid crossing any un-shielded transmission line footprint with other signal tracks on different layers;  The ground surrounding the antenna line on PCB has to be strictly connected to the main Ground Plane by means of via holes (once per 2mm at least), placed close to the ground edges facing line track;  Place EM noisy devices as far as possible from GE865 antenna line;  Keep the antenna line far away from the GE865 power supply lines;  If EM noisy devices are present on the PCB hosting the GE865, such as fast switching ICs, take care of the shielding of the antenna line by burying it inside the layers of PCB and surround it with Ground planes, or shield it with a metal frame cover.  If EM noisy devices are not present around the line, the use of geometries like Microstrip or Grounded Coplanar Waveguide has to be preferred, since they typically ensure less attenuation if compared to a Stripline having same length;
7.3. PCB Guidelines in case of FCC certification In the case FCC certification is required for an application using GE865, according to FCC KDB 996369 for modular approval requirements, the transmission line has to be similar to that implemented on GE865 interface board and described in the following chapter. 7.3.1. Transmission line design During the design of the GE865 interface board, the placement of components has been chosen properly, in order to keep the line length as short as possible, thus leading to lowest power losses possible. A Grounded Coplanar Waveguide (G-CPW) line has been chosen, since this kind of transmission line ensures good impedance control and can be implemented in an outer PCB layer as needed in this case. A SMA female connector has been used to feed the line. The interface board is realized on a FR4, 4-layers PCB. Substrate material is characterized by relative permittivity εr = 4.6 ± 0.4 @ 1 GHz, TanD= 0.019 ÷ 0.026 @ 1 GHz. A characteristic impedance of nearly 50 Ω is achieved using trace width = 1.1 mm, clearance from coplanar ground plane = 0.3 mm each side. The line uses reference ground plane on layer 3, while copper is removed from layer 2 underneath the line. Height of trace above ground plane is 1.335 mm. Calculated characteristic impedance is 51.6 Ω, estimated line loss is less than 0.1 dB. The line geometry is shown below: 0.3 mm0.035 mm0.3 mm6.2 mmFR40.035 mm0.035 mm1.335 mm0.2 mm1.1 mmL3L2L11.1 mm
7.3.2. Transmission line measurements HP8753E VNA (Full-2-port calibration) has been used in this measurement session. A calibrated coaxial cable has been soldered at the pad corresponding to GE865 RF output; a SMA connector has been soldered to the board in order to characterize the losses of the transmission line including the connector itself. During Return Loss / impedance measurements, the transmission line has been terminated to 50 Ω load. Return Loss plot of line under test is shown below:
Line input impedance (in Smith Chart format, once the line has been terminated to 50 Ω load) is shown in the following figure: Insertion Loss of G-CPW line plus SMA connector is shown below:
7.4. GSM Antenna - Installation Guidelines  Install the antenna in a place covered by the GSM signal.  If the device antenna is located greater then 20cm from the human body and there are no co-located transmitter then the Telit FCC/IC approvals can be re-used by the end product  If the device antenna is located less then 20cm from the human body or there are no co-located transmitter then the additional FCC/IC testing may be required for the end product (Telit FCC/IC approvals cannot be reused)  Antenna shall not be installed inside metal cases  Antenna shall be installed also according Antenna manufacturer instructions.
8. Logic level specifications Where not specifically stated, all the interface circuits work at 2.8V CMOS logic levels. The following table shows the logic level specifications used in the GE865 interface circuits: Absolute Maximum Ratings -Not Functional Parameter Min Max Input level on any digital pin (CMOS 2.8) when on -0.3V +3.1V Input level on any digital pin (CMOS 1.8) when on -0.3V +2.1V Input voltage on analog pins when on -0.3V +3.0 V Operating Range - Interface levels (2.8V CMOS) Level Min Max Input high level 2.1V 3.1V Input low level 0V 0.5V Output high level 2.2V 3.1V Output low level 0V 0.35V For 1.8V signals: Operating Range - Interface levels (1.8V CMOS) Level Min Max Input high level 1.6V 2.0V Input low level 0V 0.4V Output high level 1,65V 2.0V Output low level 0V 0.35V Current characteristics Level Typical Output Current 1mA Input Current 1uA
8.1. Reset signal Signal Function I/O Bga Ball RESET# Phone reset I C1 RESET# is used to reset the GE865 . Whenever this signal is pulled low, the GE865 is reset. When the device is reset it stops any operation. After the release of the reset GE865 is unconditionally shut down, without doing any detach operation from the network where it is registered. This behaviour is not a proper shut down because any GSM device is requested to issue a detach request on turn off. For this reason the Reset signal must not be used to normally shutting down the device, but only as an emergency exit in the rare case the device remains stuck waiting for some network response. The RESET# is internally controlled on start-up to achieve always a proper power-on reset sequence, so there's no need to control this pin on start-up. It may only be used to reset a device already on that is not responding to any command. NOTE: Do not use this signal to power off the GE865. Use the ON/OFF signal to perform this function or the AT#SHDN command. Reset Signal Operating levels: Signal Min Max RESET Input high 1.8V* 2.1V RESET Input low 0V 0.2V * this signal is internally pulled up so the pin can be left floating if not used. If unused, this signal may be left unconnected. If used, then it must always be connected with an open collector transistor, to permit to the internal circuitry the power on reset and under voltage lockout functions.
9. Serial Ports The serial port on the GE865 is the core of the interface between the module and OEM hardware. 2 serial ports are available on the module:  MODEM SERIAL PORT 1 (Main, ASC0)  MODEM SERIAL PORT 2 (Auxiliary, ASC1) 9.1. MODEM SERIAL PORT Several configurations can be designed for the serial port on the OEM hardware, but the most common are:  RS232 PC com port  microcontroller UART @ 2.8V - 3V (Universal Asynchronous Receive Transmit)  microcontroller UART @ 5V or other voltages different from 2.8V Depending from the type of serial port on the OEM hardware a level translator circuit may be needed to make the system work. The only configuration that doesn't need a level translation is the 2.8V UART. The serial port on the GE865 is a +2.8V UART with all the 7 RS232 signals. It differs from the PC-RS232 in the signal polarity (RS232 is reversed) and levels. The levels for the GE865 UART are the CMOS levels: Absolute Maximum Ratings -Not Functional Parameter Min Max Input level on any digital pad when on -0.3V +3.1V Input voltage on analog pads when on -0.3V +3.1V Operating Range - Interface levels (2.8V CMOS) Level Min Max Input high level VIH 2.1V 3.1 V Input low level VIL 0V 0.5V Output high level VOH 2.2V 3.1V Output low level VOL 0V 0.35V
The signals of the GE865 serial port are: RS232 Pin Number Signal GE865 Pad Number Name Usage 1 DCD - dcd_uart B5 Data Carrier Detect Output from the GE865 that indicates the carrier presence 2 RXD - tx_uart A4 Transmit line *see Note Output transmit line of GE865 UART 3 TXD - rx_uart A3 Receive line *see Note Input receive of the GE865 UART 4 DTR - dtr_uart B3 Data Terminal Ready Input to the GE865 that controls the DTE READY condition 5 GND C2, C7, E5, E7, G1, G3, G4, G5, H3, H6 Ground ground 6 DSR - dsr_uart B2 Data Set Ready Output from the GE865 that indicates the module is ready 7 RTS -rts_uart A1 Request to Send Input to the GE865 that controls the Hardware flow control 8 CTS - cts_uart A2 Clear to Send Output from the GE865 that controls the Hardware flow control 9 RI - ri_uart B4 Ring Indicator Output from the GE865 that indicates the incoming call condition NOTE: According to V.24, RX/TX signal names are referred to the application side, therefore on the GE865 side these signal are on the opposite direction: TXD on the application side will be connected to the receive line (here named TXD/ rx_uart ) of the GE865 serial port and viceversa for RX. NOTE: For a minimum implementation, only the TXD and RXD lines can be connected, the other lines can be left open provided a software flow control is implemented. NOTE: In order to avoid a back powering effect it is recommended to avoid having any HIGH logic level signal applied to the digital pins of the GE865 when the module is powered off or during an ON/OFF transition.
9.2. RS232 level translation In order to interface the GE865 with a PC com port or a RS232 (EIA/TIA-232) application a level translator is required. This level translator must:  invert the electrical signal in both directions;  change the level from 0/2.8V to +15/-15V . Actually, the RS232 UART 16450, 16550, 16650 & 16750 chipsets accept signals with lower levels on the RS232 side (EIA/TIA-562), allowing a lower voltage-multiplying ratio on the level translator. Note that the negative signal voltage must be less than 0V and hence some sort of level translation is always required. The simplest way to translate the levels and invert the signal is by using a single chip level translator. There are a multitude of them, differing in the number of drivers and receivers and in the levels (be sure to get a true RS232 level translator not a RS485 or other standards). By convention the driver is the level translator from the 0-2.8V UART to the RS232 level. The receiver is the translator from the RS232 level to 0-2.8V UART. In order to translate the whole set of control lines of the UART you will need:  5 drivers  3 receivers NOTE: The digital input lines working at 2.8V CMOS have an absolute maximum input voltage of 3.0V; therefore the level translator IC shall not be powered by the +3.8V supply of the module. Instead, it must be powered from a +2.7V / +2.9V (dedicated) power supply. This is because in this way the level translator IC outputs on the module side (i.e. GE865 inputs) will work at +3.8V interface levels, damaging the module inputs.
An example of level translation circuitry of this kind is: The example is done with a SIPEX SP3282EB RS232 Transceiver that could accept supply voltages lower than 3V DC. NOTE: In this case Vin has to be set with a value compatible with the logic levels of the module. (Max 2.9V DC). In this configuration the SP3282EB will adhere to EIA/TIA-562 voltage levels instead of RS232 (-5 ~ +5V).
Second solution could be done using a MAXIM transceiver (MAX218) In this case the compliance with RS232 (+-5V) is possible. Another level adapting method could be done using a standard RS232 Transceiver (MAX3237EAI) adding some resistors to adapt the levels on the GE865 Input lines. NOTE: In this case has to be taken in account the length of the lines on the application to avoid problems in case of High-speed rates on RS232. The RS232 serial port lines are usually connected to a DB9 connector with the following layout:
5V UART level translation If the OEM application uses a microcontroller with a serial port (UART) that works at a voltage different from 2.8 - 3V, then a circuitry has to be provided to adapt the different levels of the two set of signals. As for the RS232 translation there are a multitude of single chip translators. For example a possible translator circuit for a 5V TRANSMITTER/RECEIVER can be: TIP: Note that the TC7SZ07AE has open drain output; therefore the resistor R2 is mandatory. NOTE: The input lines working at 2.8VCMOS can be pulled-up with 47KΩ In case of reprogramming of the module has to be considered the use of the RESET line to start correctly the activity. The preferable configuration is having an external supply for the buffer. 9.3. UART Behaviour The UART ports have a different behaviour according to the module’s selected functional mode (i.e. Power Saving). Please refer to the SW User Guide to have a full overview of the Serial port signals behaviour in the different selected conditions.
10. Audio Section Overview The Base Band Chip of the GE865 provides one audio path both in Uplink (transmit) and in Downlink (receive) direction , as shown in the next figure . For more information refer to Telit document : “ 80000NT10007a Audio Settings Application Note “. Audio Section Block Diagram
10.1. Electrical Characteristics TIP: Being the microphone circuitry the more noise sensitive, its design and layout must be done with particular care. Both microphone paths are balanced and the OEM circuitry must be balanced designed to reduce the common mode noise typically generated on the ground plane. However the customer can use the unbalanced circuitry for particular application. 10.1.1. Input Lines “MIC 1” differential microphone path Line Coupling AC* Line Type Balanced Coupling capacitor ≥ 100nF Differential input resistance 50kΩ Differential input voltage ≤ 1,03Vpp @ MicG=0dB (*) WARNING : AC means that the signals from the microphone have to be connected to input lines of the module through capacitors which value has to be ≥ 100nF. Not respecting this constraint, the input stages will be damaged. WARNING: when particular OEM application needs a Single Ended Input configuration, it is forbidden connecting the unused input directly to Ground, but only through a capacitor which value has to be ≥ 100nF.. Don’t forget that in Single Ended configuration the useful input signal will be halved.
10.1.2. Output Lines WARNING. When in Single Ended configuration, the unused output line must be left open: if this constraint is not respected, the output stage will be damaged. “EAR_MT” Output Lines line coupling single-ended differential AC DC output load resistance ≥ 14 Ω internal output resistance 4 Ω (typical) signal bandwidth 150 ÷4000 Hz @ -3dB max. differential output voltage 1.31 Vrms (typical, open circuit) differential output voltage 328mVrms /16 Ω @ -12dBFS (*) volume increment 2 dB per step volume steps 10 (*) 0dBFS is the normalized overall Analog Gain equal to 3,7Vpp differential TIP : We suggest driving the load differentially , thus the output swing will double and the need for the big output coupling capacitor avoided. However if particular OEM application needs, also a Single Ended (S.E) circuitry can be implemented but the output power will be reduced four times. The OEM circuitry shall be designed to reduce the common mode noise typically generated on the ground plane,getting the maximum power output from the device (low resistance tracks).
11. General Purpose I/O The general purpose I/O pads can be configured to act in three different ways:  input  output  alternate function (internally controlled) Input pads can only be read ; they report the digital value (high or low) present on the pad at the read time . Output pads can only be written or queried and set the value of the pad output. An alternate function pad is internally controlled by the GE865 firmware and acts depending on the function implemented. For Logic levels please refer to chapter 8. The following table shows the available GPIO on the GE865 . Signal I/O Function Type Input / output current Default State ON_OFF state State during Reset Note GPIO_01 I/O GPIO01 Configurable GPIO CMOS 2.8V 1uA/1mA INPUT 0 0 GPIO_02 I/O GPIO02 Configurable GPIO CMOS 2.8V 1uA/1mA INPUT 0 0 Alternate function (JDR) GPIO_03 I/O GPIO03 Configurable GPIO CMOS 2.8V 1uA/1mA INPUT 0 0 GPIO_04 I/O GPIO04 Configurable GPIO CMOS 2.8V 1uA/1mA INPUT 0 0 Alternate function (RF Transmission Control) GPIO_05 I/O GPIO05 Configurable GPIO CMOS 2.8V 1uA/1mA INPUT 0 0 Alternate function (RFTXMON) GPIO_06 I/O GPIO06 Configurable GPIO CMOS 2.8V 1uA/1mA INPUT 0 0 Alternate function (ALARM) GPIO_07 I/O GPIO07 Configurable GPIO CMOS 2.8V 1uA/1mA INPUT 0 0 Alternate function (BUZZER) GPIO_08 I/O GPIO08 Configurable GPIO CMOS 2.8V 1uA/1mA INPUT 0 0 GPIO_09 I/O GPIO09 Configurable GPIO CMOS 2.8V 1 1 1 Open Drain GPIO_10 I/O GPIO10 Configurable GPIO CMOS 2.8V 1 1 1 Open Drain Not all GPIO pads support all these three modes:  GPIO2 supports all three modes and can be input, output, Jamming Detect Output (Alternate function)  GPIO4 supports all three modes and can be input, output, RF Transmission Control (Alternate function)  GPIO5 supports all three modes and can be input, output, RFTX monitor output (Alternate function)  GPIO6 supports all three modes and can be input, output, alarm output (Alternate function)  GPIO7 supports all three modes and can be input, output, buzzer output (Alternate function
11.1. GPIO Logic levels Where not specifically stated, all the interface circuits work at 2.8V CMOS logic levels. The following table shows the logic level specifications used in the GE865 interface circuits: Absolute Maximum Ratings -Not Functional Parameter Min Max Input level on any digital pin when on (CMOS 2.8) -0.3V +3.1V Input level on any digital pin when on (CMOS 1.8) -0.3V +2.1V Input voltage on analog pins when on -0.3V +3.0V Operating Range - Interface levels (2.8V CMOS) Level Min Max Input high level 2.1V 3.1V Input low level 0V 0.5V Output high level 2.2V 3.1V Output low level 0V 0.35V For 1.8V signals: Operating Range - Interface levels (1.8V CMOS) Level Min Max Input high level 1.6V 2.0V Input low level 0V 0.4V Output high level 1,65V 1.85V Output low level 0V 0.35V
11.2. Using a GPIO Pad as INPUT The GPIO pads, when used as inputs, can be connected to a digital output of another device and report its status, provided this device has interface levels compatible with the 2.8V CMOS levels of the GPIO. If the digital output of the device to be connected with the GPIO input pad has interface levels different from the 2.8V CMOS, then it can be buffered with an open collector transistor with a 47K pull up to 2.8V. NOTE: In order to avoid a back powering effect it is recommended to avoid having any HIGH logic level signal applied to the digital pins of the GE865 when the module is powered off or during an ON/OFF transition. 11.3. Using a GPIO Pad as OUTPUT The GPIO pads, when used as outputs, can drive 2.8V CMOS digital devices or compatible hardware. When set as outputs, the pads have a push-pull output and therefore the pull-up resistor may be omitted. 11.4. Using the RF Transmission Control GPIO4 The GPIO4 pin, when configured as RF Transmission Control Input, permits to disable the Transmitter when the GPIO is set to Low by the application. In the design is necessary to add a pull up resistor (47K to 2.8V);
11.5. Using the RFTXMON Output GPIO5 The GPIO5 pin, when configured as RFTXMON Output, is controlled by the GE865 module and will rise when the transmitter is active and fall after the transmitter activity is completed. There are 2 different modes for this function: 1) Active during all the calls: For example, if a call is started, the line will be HIGH during all the conversation and it will be again LOW after hanged up. The line rises up 300ms before first TX burst and will became again LOW from 500ms to 1s after last TX burst. 2) Active during all the TX activity: The GPIO is following the TX bursts Please refer to the AT User interface manual for additional information on how to enable this function. 11.6. Using the Alarm Output GPIO6 The GPIO6 pad, when configured as Alarm Output, is controlled by the GE865 module and will rise when the alarm starts and fall after the issue of a dedicated AT command. This output can be used to power up the GE865 controlling microcontroller or application at the alarm time, giving you the possibility to program a timely system wake-up to achieve some periodic actions and completely turn off either the application and the GE865 during sleep periods, dramatically reducing the sleep consumption to few μA. In battery-powered devices this feature will greatly improve the autonomy of the device. 11.7. Using the Buzzer Output GPIO7 The GPIO7 pad, when configured as Buzzer Output, is controlled by the GE865 module and will drive a Buzzer driver with appropriate square waves. This permits to your application to easily implement Buzzer feature with ringing tones or melody played at the call incoming, tone playing on SMS incoming or simply playing a tone or melody when needed. A sample interface scheme is included below to give you an idea of how to interface a Buzzer to the GPIO7:
TR1BCR141WTR2SMBT2907AR14,7KR21KD1D1N4148 C133pF +-+V buzzerGPIO7 NOTE: To correctly drive a buzzer a driver must be provided, its characteristics depend on the Buzzer and for them refer to your buzzer vendor. 11.8. Indication of network service availability The STAT_LED pin status shows information on the network service availability and Call status. In the GE865 modules, the STAT_LED usually needs an external transistor to drive an external LED. Therefore, the status indicated in the following table is reversed with respect to the pin status. LED status Device Status Permanently off Device off Fast blinking (Period 1s, Ton 0,5s) Net search / Not registered / turning off Slow blinking (Period 3s, Ton 0,3s) Registered full service Permanently on a call is active A schematic example could be:
11.9. RTC Bypass out The VRTC pin brings out the Real Time Clock supply, which is separate from the rest of the digital part, allowing having only RTC going on when all the other parts of the device are off. To this power output a backup capacitor can be added in order to increase the RTC autonomy during power off of the battery. NO Devices must be powered from this pin. 11.10. External SIM Holder Implementation Please refer to the related User Guide (SIM Holder Design Guides, 80000NT10001a).
12. DAC and ADC section 12.1. DAC Converter 12.1.1. Description The GE865 provides a Digital to Analog Converter. The signal (named DAC_OUT) is available on BGA Ball G7 of the GE865 and on pin 17 of PL102 on GE865 Interface Board (CS1324). The on board DAC is a 10 bit converter, able to generate a analogue value based a specific input in the range from 0 up to 1023. However, an external low-pass filter is necessary Min Max Units Voltage range (filtered) 0 2,6 Volt Range 0 1023 Steps The precision is 10 bits so, if we consider that the maximum voltage is 2V, the integrated voltage could be calculated with the following formula: Integrated output voltage = (2 *value) / 1023 DAC_OUT line must be integrated (for example with a low band pass filter) in order to obtain an analog voltage.
12.1.2. Enabling DAC An AT command is available to use the DAC function. The command is: AT#DAC= [<enable> [, <value>]] <value> - scale factor of the integrated output voltage (0..1023 - 10 bit precision) it must be present if <enable>=1 Refer to SW User Guide or AT Commands Reference Guide for the full description of this function. NOTE: The DAC frequency is selected internally. D/A converter must not be used during POWERSAVING. 12.1.3. Low Pass Filter Example
12.2. ADC Converter 12.2.1. Description The on board A/D are 11-bit converter. They are able to read a voltage level in the range of 0÷2 volts applied on the ADC pin input, store and convert it into 11 bit word. Min Max Units Input Voltage range 0 2 Volt AD conversion - 11 bits Resolution - < 1 mV The GE865 module provides 2 Analog to Digital Converters. The input lines are: ADC_IN1 available on Ball F5 and Pin 19 of PL102 on GE865 Interface Board (CS1324). ADC_IN2 available on Ball F6 and Pin 20 of PL102 on GE865 Interface Board (CS1324). 12.2.2. Using ADC Converter An AT command is available to use the ADC function. The command is AT#ADC=1,2 The read value is expressed in mV Refer to SW User Guide or AT Commands Reference Guide for the full description of this function.
13. Mounting the GE865 on your Board 13.1. General The GE865 modules have been designed in order to be compliant with a standard lead-free SMT process. 13.2. Module finishing & dimensions Bottom View
13.3. Recommended foot print for the application In order to easily rework the GE865 is suggested to consider on the application a 1.5mm Inhibit area around the module. It is also suggested, as common rule for an SMT component, to avoid having a mechanical part of the application in direct contact with the module. NOTE: In the customer application, the region under INHIBIT WIRING *1 (see figure) must be clear from signal or ground paths.
13.4. Debug of the GE865 in production To test and debug the mounting of the GE865, we strongly recommend to foreseen test pads on the host PCB, in order to check the connection between the GE865 itself and the application and to test the performance of the module connecting it with an external computer. Depending by the customer application, these pads include, but are not limited to the following signals:  TXD  RXD  ON/OFF  RESET  GND  VBATT  TX_AUX  RX_AUX  PWRMON  SERVICE 13.5. Stencil Stencil’s apertures layout can be the same of the recommended footprint (1:1), we suggest a thickness of stencil foil ≥ 120µm.
13.6. PCB pad design Non solder mask defined” (NSMD) type is recommended for the solder pads on the PCB. Recommendations for PCB pad dimensions Ball pitch [mm] 2,4 Solder resist opening diameter A [mm] 1,150 Metal pad diameter B [mm] 1 ± 0.05 It is not recommended to place via or microvia not covered by solder resist in an area of 1,6mm diameter around the pads unless it carries the same signal of the pad itself. (see following figure).
Holes in pad are allowed only for blind holes and not for through holes. Recommendations for PCB pad surfaces: Finish Layer thickness [µm] Properties Electro-less Ni / Immersion Au 3 –7 / 0.05 – 0.15 good solder ability protection, high shear force values The PCB must be able to resist the higher temperatures which are occurring at the lead-free process. This issue should be discussed with the PCB-supplier. Generally, the wettability of tin-lead solder paste on the described surface plating is better compared to lead-free solder paste. 13.7. Solder paste Lead free Solder paste Sn/Ag/Cu It is recommended to use only “no clean” solder paste in order to avoid the cleaning of the modules after assembly.
13.7.1. GE865 Solder reflow The following is the recommended solder reflow profile Profile Feature Pb-Free Assembly Average ramp-up rate (TL to TP) 3°C/second max Preheat – Temperature Min (Tsmin) – Temperature Max (Tsmax) – Time (min to max) (ts) 150°C 200°C 60-180 seconds Tsmax to TL – Ramp-up Rate 3°C/second max Time maintained above: – Temperature (TL) – Time (tL) 217°C 60-150 seconds Peak Temperature (Tp) 245 +0/-5°C Time within 5°C of actual Peak Temperature (tp) 10-30 seconds Ramp-down Rate 6°C/second max. Time 25°C to Peak Temperature 8 minutes max.
NOTE: All temperatures refer to topside of the package, measured on the package body surface WARNING: The GE865 module withstands one reflow process only.
14. Packing system 14.1. Packing on tray The GE865 modules are packaged on trays of 50 pieces each. This is especially suitable for the GE865 according to SMT processes for pick & place movement requirements. See detail B for module positioning and tray orientation into the envelope.
14.1.1. Tray detail The size of the tray is: 329 x 176mm. WARNING: These trays can withstand at the maximum temperature of 65° C.
14.2. Packaging on reel The GE865-QUAD can be packaged on reels of 200 pieces each. See figure for module positioning into the carrier. 14.2.1. Carrier Tape detail NOT Rounded Corner DIRECTION OF UNREELING
14.2.2. Reel detail
14.2.3. Packaging detail 14.3. Moisture sensibility The level of moisture sensibility of the Product is “3”, according with standard IPC/JEDEC J-STD-020, take care of all the relative requirements for using this kind of components. Moreover, the customer has to take care of the following conditions: a) The shelf life of the Product inside of the dry bag must be 12 months from the bag seal date, when stored in a non-condensing atmospheric environment of <40°C / 90% RH b) Environmental condition during the production: <= 30°C / 60% RH according to IPC/JEDEC J-STD-033A paragraph 5 c) The maximum time between the opening of the sealed bag and the reflow process must be 168 hours if condition b) “IPC/JEDEC J-STD-033A paragraph 5.2” is respected d) Baking is required if conditions b) or c) are not respected e) Baking is required if the humidity indicator inside the bag indicates 10% RH or more Shielding & ESD envelopeMulti Device &Packaging labelTOTAL: 200 MODULESSilica-gel bag (x3)Humidity indicatorReel label
15. Conformity Assessment Issues The Telit GE865 Module has been assessed in order to satisfy the essential requirements of the R&TTE Directive 1999/05/EC (Radio Equipment & Telecommunications Terminal Equipments) to demonstrate the conformity against the harmonised standards with the final involvement of a Notified Body. By using our certified module, the evaluation under Article 3.2 of the R&TTE is considerably reduced, allowing significant savings in term of cost and time in the certification process of the final product. In all cases the assessment of the final product must be made against the Essential requirements of the R&TTE Directive Articles 3.1(a) and (b), Safety and EMC respectively, and any relevant Article 3.3 requirements. This Hardware User Guide contain all the information you may need for developing a product meeting the R&TTE Directive. Furthermore the GE865 Module module is FCC Approved as module to be installed in other devices. This device is to be used only for fixed and mobile applications. If the final product after integration is intended for portable use, a new application and FCC is required. The GE865 Module is conforming to the following US Directives: • Use of RF Spectrum. Standards: FCC 47 Part 24 (GSM 1900) • EMC (Electromagnetic Compatibility). Standards: FCC47 Part 15 This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) this device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation. To meet the FCC's RF exposure rules and regulations: • The system antenna(s) used for this transmitter must be installed to provide a separation distance of at least 20 cm from all the persons and must not be co-located or operating in conjunction with any other antenna or transmitter. • The system antenna(s) used for this module must not exceed 1.4dBi (850MHz) and 3.0dBi (1900MHz) for mobile and fixed or mobile operating configurations. 0889
• Users and installers must be provided with antenna installation instructions and transmitter operating conditions for satisfying RF exposure compliance. Manufacturers of mobile, fixed or portable devices incorporating this module are advised to clarify any regulatory questions and to have their complete product tested and approved for FCC compliance.
16. SAFETY RECOMMANDATIONS READ CAREFULLY Be sure the use of this product is allowed in the country and in the environment required. The use of this product may be dangerous and has to be avoided in the following areas:  Where it can interfere with other electronic devices in environments such as hospitals, airports, aircrafts, etc.  Where there is risk of explosion such as gasoline stations, oil refineries, etc. It is responsibility of the user to enforce the country regulation and the specific environment regulation. Do not disassemble the product; any mark of tampering will compromise the warranty validity. We recommend following the instructions of the hardware user guides for a correct wiring of the product. The product has to be supplied with a stabilized voltage source and the wiring has to be conforming to the security and fire prevention regulations. The product has to be handled with care, avoiding any contact with the pins because electrostatic discharges may damage the product itself. Same cautions have to be taken for the SIM, checking carefully the instruction for its use. Do not insert or remove the SIM when the product is in power saving mode. The system integrator is responsible of the functioning of the final product; therefore, care has to be taken to the external components of the module, as well as of any project or installation issue, because the risk of disturbing the GSM network or external devices or having impact on the security. Should there be any doubt, please refer to the technical documentation and the regulations in force. Every module has to be equipped with a proper antenna with specific characteristics. The antenna has to be installed with care in order to avoid any interference with other electronic devices and has to guarantee a minimum distance from the body (20 cm). In case of this requirement cannot be satisfied, the system integrator has to assess the final product against the SAR regulation. The European Community provides some Directives for the electronic equipments introduced on the market. All the relevant information’s are available on the European Community website: http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/sectors/rtte/documents/ The text of the Directive 99/05 regarding telecommunication equipments is available, while the applicable Directives (Low Voltage and EMC) are available at: http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/sectors/electrical/
17. Document History RReevviissiioonn DDaattee CChhaannggeess ISSUE#0 2009-01-26 First ISSUE# 0 - DRAFT ISSUE#1 2009-02-15 Updated current consumptions table ISSUE#2 2009-02-15 Updated Pinout description ISSUE#3 2009-03-18 Updated mechanical dimensions (balls spacing), charger description removed, Added better explanation of pin H5 (RF) and H1 (service) ISSUE#4 2009-04-02 Updated VBATT supply Range, DAC schematic, Conformity assessment ISSUE#5 03/06/2009 Updated section 13 (FCC Conformity assessment) ISSUE#6 04/06/2009 Updated section 13 (FCC Conformity assessment) ISSUE#7 2009-05-26 Applied new layout + minor editing Edited PCB pad design par.13.1.6 ISSUE#8 2009-06-18 Updated all schematic drawings Updated Chapter 10 Audio Section Substituted GE865-QUAD with GE865 Corrected GE864-QUAD/PY with GE865 Updated Overview section ISSUE#9 2009-07-27 Changed par. 5.1 Turning ON…. and par. 6.1 Power supply Requirements Changed par. 13.3 and par.15 Conformity Assessment Issues ISSUE#10 2009-09-22 Added DVI pins description Updated table of power consumptions. Added note on chapters 5.1, 5.2, 9.3 Corrected chapter 1.1 ISSUE#11 2010-07-12 Updated logic levels specification Added NOTE on ON_OFF procedure, serial port , GPIO section Corrected note on RESET section Updated Current Consumptions Updated flow charts for ON OFF and Reset Updated name for Auxiliary UART port Updated Chapter 7 Updated Chapter 14 ISSUE#12 2010-07-28 Updated Chapters 13.2, 13.5, 13.6, 14, 14.3. ISSUE#13 2011-10-11 Updated Chapter 4.1-Reset-internal pull-up Updated Chapter 14.3 Moisture sensibility – add details Updated Chapter 16. Safety Recommendations – updated with FCC and IC requirements ISSUE#14 2012-03-12 Updated page 44 cut the sentence about the PULL-UP resistor on TX RTS and CTS ISSUE#15 2012-04-23 Solder paste chapter updated, added Power consumption plots section, added serial port behavior section, cut Buzzer section ISSUE#16 2013-04-22 Updated Chapter 15 Conformity Assessment Issues

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