CyberTAN Technology WR214E Wireless-B Broadband Router User Manual NWR11B user guide

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Document Description	Users Manual II
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Date Submitted	2006-04-07 00:00:00
Date Available	2006-04-07 00:00:00
Creation Date	2003-10-31 01:48:49
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Document Author:	rebecca

Network Everywhere® Series
For Windows 2000:
A. Click Start, Settings, and Control Panel. Double-click Network and
Dial-Up Connections.
B. Right-click the Local Area Connection that is associated with the Ethernet
adapter you are using, and select the Properties option.
C. In the Components checked are used by this connection box, highlight
Internet Protocol (TCP/IP), and click the Properties button. Select Use
the following IP address option.
D. Enter a unique IP address that is not used by any other computer on the
network connected to the Router. You can only use an IP address in the
ranges 192.168.1.2 to 192.168.1.99 and 192.168.1.151 to 192.168.1.254.
E. Enter the Subnet Mask, 255.255.255.0.
F. Enter the Default Gateway, 192.168.1.1 (Router’s default IP address).
G. Toward the bottom of the window, select Use the following DNS server
addresses, and enter the Preferred DNS server and Alternative DNS
server (provided by your ISP). Contact your ISP or go on its website to find
the information.
H. Click the OK button in the Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties window,
and click the OK button in the Local Area Connection Properties window.
I. Restart the computer if asked.
For Windows XP:
The following instructions assume you are running Windows XP with the
default interface. If you are using the Classic interface (where the icons and
menus look like previous Windows versions), please follow the instructions for
Windows 2000.
A. Click Start and Control Panel.
B. Click the Network and Internet Connections icon and then the Network
Connections icon.
C. Right-click the Local Area Connection that is associated with the Ethernet
adapter you are using, and select the Properties option.
D. In the This connection uses the following items box, highlight Internet
Protocol (TCP/IP). Click the Properties button.
E. Enter a unique IP address that is not used by any other computer on the network connected to the Router. You can only use an IP address in the ranges
192.168.1.2 to 192.168.1.99 and 192.168.1.151 to 192.168.1.254.
F. Enter the Subnet Mask, 255.255.255.0.
G. Enter the Default Gateway, 192.168.1.1 (Router’s default IP address).
H. Toward the bottom of the window, select Use the following DNS server
addresses, and enter the Preferred DNS server and Alternative DNS
server (provided by your ISP). Contact your ISP or go on its website to find
the information.
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Wireless-B Broadband Router
I. Click the OK button in the Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties window.
Click the OK button in the Local Area Connection Properties window.
2. I want to test my Internet connection.
A. Check your TCP/IP settings.
For Windows 98 SE and Me:
Refer to your Ethernet adapter’s documentation for details. Make sure
Obtain IP address automatically is selected in the settings.
For Windows 2000:
• Click Start, Settings, and Control Panel. Double-click Network and
Dial-Up Connections.
• Right-click the Local Area Connection that is associated with the
Ethernet adapter you are using, and select the Properties option.
• In the Components checked are used by this connection box, highlight
Internet Protocol (TCP/IP), and click the Properties button. Make sure
that Obtain an IP address automatically and Obtain DNS server
address automatically are selected.
• Click the OK button in the Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties window, and click the OK button in the Local Area Connection Properties
window.
• Restart the computer if asked.
For Windows XP:
The following instructions assume you are running Windows XP with the
default interface. If you are using the Classic interface (where the icons and
menus look like previous Windows versions), please follow the instructions
for Windows 2000.
• Click Start and Control Panel.
• Click the Network and Internet Connections icon and then the
Network Connections icon.• Right-click the Local Area Connection
that is associated with the Ethernet adapter you are using, and select the
Properties option.
• In the This connection uses the following items box, highlight Internet
Protocol (TCP/IP), and click the Properties button. Make sure that
Obtain an IP address automatically and Obtain DNS server address
automatically are selected.
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Network Everywhere® Series
• Click the OK button in the Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties window, and click the OK button in the Local Area Connection Properties
window.
• Restart the computer if asked.
B. Open a command prompt.
• For Windows 98 SE and Me, please click Start and Run. In the Open
field, type in command. Press the Enter key or click the OK button.
• For Windows 2000 and XP, please click Start and Run. In the Open
field, type cmd. Press the Enter key or click the OK button.
C. In the command prompt, type ping 192.168.1.1 and press the Enter key.
• If you get a reply, the computer is communicating with the Router.
• If you do NOT get a reply, please check the cable, and make sure Obtain
an IP address automatically is selected in the TCP/IP settings for your
Ethernet adapter.
D. In the command prompt, type ping followed by your Internet IP address and
press the Enter key. The WAN (or Internet) IP Address can be found in the
web interface of the Router. For example, if your WAN IP address is 1.2.3.4,
you would enter ping 1.2.3.4 and press the Enter key.
• If you get a reply, the computer is connected to the Router.
• If you do NOT get a reply, try the ping command from a different computer to verify that your original computer is not the cause of the problem.
E. In the command prompt, type ping www.yahoo.com and press the Enter
key.
• If you get a reply, the computer is connected to the Internet. If you cannot
open a webpage, try the ping command from a different computer to verify that your original computer is not the cause of the problem.
• If you do NOT get a reply, there may be a problem with the connection.
Try the ping command from a different computer to verify that your original computer is not the cause of the problem.
3. I am not getting an IP address on the Internet with my Internet connection.
A. Refer to “Problem #2, I want to test my Internet connection” to verify that
you have connectivity.
B. If you need to register the MAC address of your Ethernet adapter with your
ISP, please see “Appendix D: Finding the MAC address and IP Address for
Your Ethernet Adapter.” If you need to clone the MAC address of your
Ethernet adapter onto the Router, see the MAC Address Clone section of
“Chapter 5:The Router’s Web-based Utility” for details.
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Wireless-B Broadband Router
C. Make sure you are using the right Internet settings. Contact your ISP to see
if your Internet connection type is DHCP, Static IP Address, or PPPoE
(commonly used by DSL consumers). Please refer to the Setup section of
“Chapter 5: The Router’s Web-based Utility” for details on Internet settings.
D. Make sure you have the right cable. Check to see if the Internet column has
a solidly lit Link LED.
E. Make sure the cable connecting from your cable or DSL modem is connected to the Router’s Internet port. Verify that the Status page of the
Router’s web interface shows a valid IP address from your ISP.
F. Turn off the computer, Router, and Broadband modem. Wait 30 seconds,
and then turn on the Router, Cable/DSL modem, and computer. Check the
Status tab of the Router’s web-based utility to see if you get an IP address.
4. I am not able to access the Router’s web interface Setup page.
A. Refer to “Problem #2, I want to test my Internet connection” to verify that
your computer is properly connected to the Router.
B. Refer to “Appendix D: Finding the MAC Address and IP address for Your
Ethernet Adapter” to verify that your computer has an IP Address, Subnet
Mask, Gateway, and DNS.
C. Set a static IP address on your system; refer to “Problem #1: I need to set a
static IP address.”
D. Refer to “Problem #10: I need to remove the proxy settings or the dial-up
pop-up window (for PPPoE users).”
5. I can’t get my Virtual Private Network (VPN) working through the Router.
Access the Router’s web interface by going to http://192.168.1.1 or the IP
address of the Router, and go to the Advanced => Filter tab. Make sure you
have IPsec pass-through and/or PPTP pass-through enabled.
VPNs that use IPSec with the ESP (Encapsulation Security Payload known as
protocol 50) authentication will work fine. At least one IPSec session will work
through the Router; however, simultaneous IPSec sessions may be possible,
depending on the specifics of your VPNs.
VPNs that use IPSec and AH (Authentication Header known as protocol 51)
are incompatible with the Router. AH has limitations due to occasional incompatibility with the NAT standard.
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Change the IP address for the Router to another subnet to avoid a conflict
between the VPN IP address and your local IP address. For example, if your
VPN server assigns an IP address 192.168.1.X (X is a number from 1 to 254)
and your local LAN IP address is 192.168.1.X (X is the same number used in
the VPN IP address), the Router will have difficulties routing information to
the right location. If you change the Router’s IP address to 192.168.2.1, that
should solve the problem. Change the Router’s IP address through the Setup tab
of the web interface. If you assigned a static IP address to any computer or network device on the network, you need to change its IP address accordingly to
192.168.2.Y (Y being any number from 1 to 254). Note that each IP address
must be unique within the network.
F. Check the Enable option for the port services you want to use. Consider the
example below:
Your VPN may require port 500/UDP packets to be passed to the computer that
is connecting to the IPSec server. Refer to “Problem #7, I need to set up online
game hosting or use other Internet applications” for details.
7. I need to set up online game hosting or use other Internet applications.
If you want to play online games or use Internet applications, most will work
without doing any port forwarding or DMZ hosting. There may be cases when
you want to host an online game or Internet application. This would require
you to set up the Router to deliver incoming packets or data to a specific computer. This also applies to the Internet applications you are using. The best way
to get the information on what port services to use is to go to the website of the
online game or application you want to use. Follow these steps to set up online
game hosting or use a certain Internet application:
Check the Network Everywhere website for more information at www.networkeverywhere.com.
6. I need to set up a server behind my Router.
To use a server like a web, ftp, or mail server, you need to know the respective
port numbers they are using. For example, port 80 (HTTP) is used for web;
port 21 (FTP) is used for FTP, and port 25 (SMTP outgoing) and port 110
(POP3 incoming) are used for the mail server. You can get more information
by viewing the documentation provided with the server you installed. Follow
these steps to set up port forwarding through the Router’s web-based utility. We
will be setting up web, ftp, and mail servers.
A. Access the Router’s web-based utility by going to http://192.168.1.1 or the
IP address of the Router. Go to the Advanced => Forwarding tab and
click the View Port Range Forwarding button.
B. Enter any name you want to use for the Customized Application.
C. Enter the Ext. Port range of the service you are using. For example, if you
have a web server, you would enter the range 80 to 80.
D. Check the protocol you will be using, TCP and/or UDP.
E. Enter the IP address of the PC or network device that you want the port
server to go to. For example, if the web server’s Ethernet adapter IP address
is 192.168.1.100, you would enter 100 in the field provided. Check
“Appendix D: Finding the MAC Address and IP Address for Your Ethernet
Adapter” for details on getting an IP address.
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Wireless-B Broadband Router
Customized
Ext. Port
Application
Web server
80 to 80
FTP server
21 to 21
SMTP (outgoing)25 to 25
POP3 (incoming) 110 to 110
TCP
UDP
IP Address
Enable
192.168.1.100
192.168.1.101
192.168.1.102
192.168.1.102
When you have completed the configuration, click the Apply button.
A. Access the Router’s web interface by going to http://192.168.1.1 or the IP
address of the Router. Go to the Advanced => Forwarding tab and click
the View Port Range Forwarding button.
B. Enter any name you want to use for the Customized Application.
C. Enter the Ext. Port range of the service you are using. For example, if you
want to host Unreal Tournament (UT), you would enter the range 7777 to
27900.
D. Check the protocol you will be using, TCP and/or UDP.
E. Enter the IP address of the PC or network device that you want the port
server to go to. For example, if the web server’s Ethernet adapter IP address
is 192.168.1.100, you would enter 100 in the field provided. Check
“Appendix D: Finding the MAC Address and IP Address for Your Ethernet
Adapter” for details on getting an IP address.
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Network Everywhere® Series
F. Check the Enable option for the port services you want to use. Consider the
example below:
Customized
Application
UT
Halflife
PC Anywhere
VPN IPSEC
Ext. Port
TCP
7777 to 27900 X
27015 to 27015 X
5631 to 5631
500 to 500
UDP
IP Address
Enable
192.168.1.100
192.168.1.105
192.168.1.102
192.168.1.100
When you have completed the configuration, click the Apply button.
8. I can’t get the Internet game, server, or application to work.
If you are having difficulties getting any Internet game, server, or application
to function properly, consider exposing one PC to the Internet using
DeMilitarized Zone (DMZ) hosting. This option is available when an application requires too many ports or when you are not sure which port services to
use. Make sure you disable all the forwarding entries if you want to successfully use DMZ hosting, since forwarding has priority over DMZ hosting. (In
other words, data that enters the Router will be checked first by the forwarding
settings. If the port number that the data enters from does not have port forwarding, then the Router will send the data to whichever PC or network device
you set for DMZ hosting.) Follow these steps to set DMZ hosting:
A. Access the Router’s web-based utility by going to http://192.168.1.1 or the
IP address of the Router. Go to the Advanced => Forwarding tab and
click the View Port Range Forwarding button.
B. Disable or remove the entries you have entered for forwarding. Keep this
information in case you want to use it at a later time.
C. Click the DMZ Host tab.
D. Enter the Ethernet adapter’s IP address of the computer you want exposed
to the Internet. This will bypass the NAT firewall for that computer. Please
refer to “Appendix D: Finding the MAC Address and IP Address for Your
Ethernet Adapter” for details on getting an IP address.
Wireless-B Broadband Router
9. I forgot my password, or the password prompt always appears when saving settings to the Router.
Reset the Router to factory default by pressing the Reset button for 30 seconds
and then releasing it. If you are still getting prompted for a password when saving settings, then perform the following steps:
A. Access the Router’s web interface by going to http://192.168.1.1 or the IP
address of the Router. Enter the default password admin, and click the
Password tab.
B. Enter a different password in the Router Password field, and enter this new
password in the second field to confirm the password.
C. Click the Apply button.
10. I am a PPPoE user, and I need to remove the proxy settings or the dial-up popup window.
If you have proxy settings, you need to disable these on your computer.
Because the Router is the gateway for the Internet connection, the computer
does not need any proxy settings to gain access. Please follow these directions
to verify that you do not have any proxy settings and that the browser you use
is set to connect directly to the LAN.
For Microsoft Internet Explorer 5.0 or higher:
A. Click Start, Settings, and Control Panel. Double-click Internet Options.
B. Click the Connections tab.
C. Click the LAN settings button and remove anything that is checked.
D. Click the OK button to go back to the previous screen.
E. Click the option Never dial a connection. This will remove any dial-up
pop-ups for PPPoE users.
For Netscape 4.7 or higher:
A. Start Netscape Navigator, and click Edit, Preferences, Advanced, and
Proxies.
B. Make sure you have Direct connection to the Internet selected on this
screen.
C. Close all the windows to finish.
Once completed with the configuration, click the Apply button.
11. To start over, I need to set the Router to factory default.
Hold the Reset button for up to 30 seconds and then release it. This will return
the password, forwarding, and other settings on the Router to the factory
default settings. In other words, the Router will revert to its original factory
configuration.
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Network Everywhere® Series
12. I need to upgrade the firmware.
In order to upgrade the firmware with the latest features, you need to go to the
Network Everywhere website and download the latest firmware at www.networkeverywhere.com. Follow these steps:
Wireless-B Broadband Router
F. You may see the login status display as Connecting. Press the F5 key to
refresh the screen, until you see the login status display as Connected.
G. Click the Apply button to continue.
If the connection is lost again, follow steps E to G to re-establish connection.
A. Go to the Linksys website at http://www.networkeverywhere.com and
download the latest firmware.
B. To upgrade the firmware, follow the steps in the Help section found in
“Chapter 5: The Router’s Web-based Utility.”
13. The firmware upgrade failed, and/or the Diag LED is flashing.
The upgrade could have failed for a number of reasons. Follow these steps to
upgrade the firmware and/or make the Diag LED stop flashing:
A. If the firmware upgrade failed, use the TFTP program (it was downloaded
along with the firmware). Open the pdf that was downloaded along with the
firmware and TFTP program, and follow the pdf’s instructions.
B. Set a static IP address on the PC; refer to “Problem #1, I need to set a static IP address.” Use the following IP address settings for the computer you
are using:
IP Address: 192.168.1.50
Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0
Gateway: 192.168.1.1
C. Perform the upgrade using the TFTP program or the Router’s web-based
utility through its Help tab.
14. My DSL service’s PPPoE is always disconnecting.
PPPoE is not actually a dedicated or always-on connection. The DSL ISP can
disconnect the service after a period of inactivity, just like a normal phone dialup connection to the Internet. There is a setup option to “keep alive” the connection. This may not always work, so you may need to re-establish connection periodically.
A. To connect to the Router, go to the web browser, and enter
http://192.168.1.1 or the IP address of the Router.
B. Enter the password, if asked. (The default password is admin.)
C. In the Setup tab, select the option Keep Alive, and set the Redial Period
option at 20 (seconds).
D. Click the Apply button.
E. Click the Status tab, and click the Connect button.
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15. I can't access my email, web, or VPN, or I am getting corrupted data from the
Internet.
The Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) setting may need to be adjusted. By
default, the MTU is set at 1500. For most DSL users, it is strongly recommended to use MTU 1492. If you are having some difficulties, perform the following steps:
A. To connect to the Router, go to the web browser, and enter
http://192.168.1.1 or the IP address of the Router.
B. Enter the password, if asked. (The default password is admin.)
C. Click the Advanced => Filter tab.
D. Look for the MTU option, and select Enable. In the Size field, enter 1492.
E. Click the Apply button to continue.
If your difficulties continue, change the Size to different values. Try this list of
values, one value at a time, in this order, until your problem is solved:
1462
1400
1362
1300
16. I need to use port triggering.
Port triggering looks at the outgoing port services used and will trigger the
Router to open a specific port, depending on which port an Internet application
uses. Follow these steps:
A. To connect to the Router, go to the web browser, and enter
http://192.168.1.1 or the IP address of the Router.
B. Enter the password, if asked. (The default password is admin.)
C. Click the Advanced => Forwarding tab, and click the Port Trigger button.
D. Enter any name you want to use for the Application Name.
E. Enter the Triggered Port Range. Check with your Internet application
provider for more information on which outgoing port services it is using.
F. Enter the Incoming Port Range. Check with your Internet Application
provider for more information on which incoming port services are
required by the Internet application.
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Network Everywhere® Series
17. The Diag LED stays lit continuously.
• The Diag LED lights up when the device is first powered on. Then, the
system will boot up itself and check for proper operation. After finishing
the checking procedure, the LED turns off to show that the system is
working fine. If the LED remains lit after this time, the device is not
working properly. Try to flash the firmware by assigning a static IP
address to the computer, and then upgrade the firmware. Try using the
following settings, IP Address: 192.168.1.50 and Subnet Mask:
255.255.255.0.
18. When I enter a URL or IP address, I get a time-out error or am prompted to retry.
• Check if other PCs work. If they do, ensure that your workstation’s IP settings are correct (IP Address, Subnet Mask, Default Gateway, and DNS).
Restart the computer that is having a problem.
• If the PCs are configured correctly, but still not working, check the
Router. Ensure that it is connected and ON. Connect to it and check its
settings. (If you cannot connect to it, check the LAN and power connections.)
• If the Router is configured correctly, check your Internet connection
(DSL/cable modem, etc.) to see if it is working correctly. You can remove
the Router to verify a direct connection.
• Manually configure the TCP/IP with a DNS address provided by your
ISP.
• Make sure that your browser is set to connect directly and that any dialup is disabled. For Internet Explorer, click Tools, Internet Options, and
then the Connection tab. Make sure that Internet Explorer is set to Never
dial a connection. For Netscape Navigator, click Edit, Preferences,
Advanced, and Proxy. Make sure that Netscape Navigator is set to
Direct connection to the Internet.
19. The Full/Col LED keeps flickering continuously.
• Check the Category 5 Ethernet cable and its RJ-45 connectors.
• There may be interference with other network devices. Try removing
other PCs or network devices to see if the problem persists. Eliminate
each network device one at a time to determine the cause.
Wireless-B Broadband Router
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the maximum number of IP addresses that the Router will support? The
Router will support up to 253 IP addresses.
Is IPSec Pass-Through supported by the Router? Yes, it is a built-in feature that
the Router automatically enables.
Where is the Router installed on the network? In a typical environment, the
Router is installed between the cable/DSL modem and the LAN. Plug the
Router into the cable/DSL modem’s Ethernet port.
Does the Router support IPX or AppleTalk? No. TCP/IP is the only protocol standard for the Internet and has become the global standard for communications.
IPX, a NetWare communications protocol used only to route messages from
one node to another, and AppleTalk, a communications protocol used on
Apple and Macintosh networks, can be used for LAN to LAN connections,
but those protocols cannot connect from Internet to LAN.
What is Network Address Translation and what is it used for? Network Address
Translation (NAT) translates multiple IP addresses on the private LAN to one
public address that is sent out to the Internet. This adds a level of security
since the address of a PC connected to the private LAN is never transmitted
on the Internet. Furthermore, NAT allows the Router to be used with low cost
Internet accounts, such as DSL or cable modems, when only one TCP/IP
address is provided by the ISP. The user may have many private addresses
behind this single address provided by the ISP.
Does the Router support any operating system other than Windows 98 SE,
Windows 2000, Windows NT, or Windows XP? Yes, but Network Everywhere
does not, at this time, provide technical support for setup, configuration or
troubleshooting of any non-Windows operating systems.
Does the Router support ICQ send file? Yes, with the following fix: click ICQ
menu -> preference -> connections tab->, and check I am behind a firewall or proxy. Then set the firewall time-out to 80 seconds in the firewall setting. The Internet user can then send a file to a user behind the Router.
I set up an Unreal Tournament Server, but others on the LAN cannot join. What do
I need to do? If you have a dedicated Unreal Tournament server running, you
need to create a static IP for each of the LAN computers and forward ports
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Network Everywhere® Series
7777, 7778, 7779, 7780, 7781, and 27900 to the IP address of the server. You
can also use a port forwarding range of 7777 ~ 27900. If you want to use the
UT Server Admin, forward another port (8080 usually works well but is used
for remote admin. You may have to disable this.), and then in the
[UWeb.WebServer] section of the server.ini file, set the ListenPort to 8080 (to
match the mapped port above) and ServerName to the IP assigned to the
Router from your ISP.
Can multiple gamers on the LAN get on one game server and play simultaneously
with just one public IP address? It depends on which network game or what
kind of game server you are using. For example, Unreal Tournament supports
multi-login with one public IP.
How do I get Half-Life: Team Fortress to work with the Router? The default client
port for Half-Life is 27005. The computers on your LAN need to have
“+clientport 2700x” added to the HL shortcut command line; the x would be
6, 7, 8, and on up. This lets multiple computers connect to the same server.
One problem: Version 1.0.1.6 won’t let multiple computers with the same CD
key connect at the same time, even if on the same LAN (not a problem with
1.0.1.3). As far as hosting games, the HL server does not need to be in the
DMZ. Just forward port 27015 to the local IP address of the server computer.
The web page hangs; downloads are corrupt, or nothing but junk characters are
being displayed on the screen. What do I need to do? Force your Ethernet
adapter to 10Mbps or half duplex mode, and turn off the “Auto-negotiate”
feature of your Ethernet adapter as a temporary measure. (Please look at the
Network Control Panel in your Ethernet adapter’s Advanced Properties tab.)
Make sure that your proxy setting is disabled in the browser. Check our website at www.linksys.com for more information.
If all else fails in the installation, what can I do? Reset the Router by holding
down the reset button for about 30 seconds. Reset your cable or DSL modem
by powering the unit off and then on. Obtain and flash the latest firmware
release that is readily available on the Network Everywhere website,
www.networkeverywhere.com.
Wireless-B Broadband Router
How will I be notified of new Router firmware upgrades? All Network
Everywhere firmware upgrades are posted on the Linksys website at
www.networkeverywhere.com, where they can be downloaded for free. The
Router’s firmware can be upgraded with TFTP programs. If the Router’s
Internet connection is working well, there is no need to download a newer
firmware version, unless that version contains new features that you would
like to use. Downloading a more current version of Router firmware will not
enhance the quality or speed of your Internet connection, and may disrupt
your current connection stability.
Will the Router function in a Macintosh environment? Yes, but the Router’s setup
pages are accessible only through Internet Explorer 4.0 or Netscape
Navigator 4.0 or higher for Macintosh.
I am not able to get the web configuration screen for the Router. What can I do?
You may have to remove the proxy settings on your Internet browser, e.g.,
Netscape Navigator or Internet Explorer. Or remove the dial-up settings on
your browser. Check with your browser documentation, and make sure that
your browser is set to connect directly and that any dial-up is disabled. Make
sure that your browser is set to connect directly and that any dial-up is disabled. For Internet Explorer, click Tools, Internet Options, and then the
Connection tab. Make sure that Internet Explorer is set to Never dial a connection. For Netscape Navigator, click Edit, Preferences, Advanced, and
Proxy. Make sure that Netscape Navigator is set to Direct connection to the
Internet.
What is DMZ Hosting? Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) allows one IP address (computer) to be exposed to the Internet. Some applications require multiple
TCP/IP ports to be open. It is recommended that you set your computer with
a static IP if you want to use DMZ Hosting. To get the LAN IP address, see
“Appendix D: Finding the MAC Address and IP Address for Your Ethernet
Adapter.”
If DMZ Hosting is used, does the exposed user share the public IP with the Router?
No.
Does the Router pass PPTP packets or actively route PPTP sessions? The Router
allows PPTP packets to pass through.
Is the Router cross-platform compatible? Any platform that supports Ethernet
and TCP/IP is compatible with the Router.
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Network Everywhere® Series
How many ports can be simultaneously forwarded? Theoretically, the Router can
establish 520 sessions at the same time, but you can only forward 10 ranges
of ports.
Does the Router replace a modem? Is there a cable or DSL modem in the Router?
No, this version of the Router must work in conjunction with a cable or DSL
modem.
Which modems are compatible with the Router? The Router is compatible with
virtually any cable or DSL modem that supports Ethernet.
What are the advanced features of the Router? The Router’s advanced features
include IP Filtering, Port Range Forwarding, Dynamic Routing, Static
Routing, DMZ hosting, and MAC Address Cloning.
What is the maximum number of VPN sessions allowed by the Router?
The maximum number depends on many factors. At least one IPSec session
will work through the Router; however, simultaneous IPSec sessions may be
possible, depending on the specifics of your VPNs.
How can I check whether I have static or DHCP IP Addresses? Consult your ISP
to obtain this information.
How do I get mIRC to work with the Router? Under the Port Range Forwarding
tab, set port forwarding to 113 for the PC on which you are using mIRC.
Can the Router act as my DHCP Server? Yes. The Router has DHCP Server software built-in.
Can I run an application from a remote computer over the wireless network? This
will depend on whether or not the application is designed to be used over a
network. Consult the application’s documentation to determine if it supports
operation over a network.
What is the IEEE 802.11b standard? The IEEE 802.11b Wireless LAN standards
subcommittee formulates the standard for the industry. The objective is to
enable wireless LAN hardware from different manufacturers to communicate.
What IEEE 802.11 features are supported? The product supports the following
IEEE 802.11 functions:
• CSMA/CA plus Acknowledge protocol
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Wireless-B Broadband Router
•
•
•
•
•
Multi-Channel Roaming
Automatic Rate Selection
RTS/CTS feature
Fragmentation
Power Management
What is BSS ID? A specific Ad-hoc LAN is called a Basic Service Set (BSS).
Computers in a BSS must be configured with the same BSS ID.
What is SSID? An Infrastructure configuration could also support roaming
capability for mobile workers. More than one BSS can be configured as an
Extended Service Set (ESS). Users within an ESS could roam freely between
BSSs while maintaining a continuous connection to the wireless network stations and Access Points.
What is ISM band? The FCC and their counterparts outside of the U.S. have set
aside bandwidth for unlicensed use in the ISM (Industrial, Scientific and
Medical) band. This presents a truly revolutionary opportunity to place convenient high speed wireless capabilities in the hands of users around the
globe.
What is Spread Spectrum? Spread Spectrum technology is a wideband radio frequency technique developed by the military for use in reliable, secure, mission-critical communications systems. It is designed to trade off bandwidth
efficiency for reliability, integrity, and security. In other words, more bandwidth is consumed than in the case of narrowband transmission, but the tradeoff produces a signal that is, in effect, louder and thus easier to detect, provided that the receiver knows the parameters of the spread-spectrum signal
being broadcast. If a receiver is not tuned to the right frequency, a spreadspectrum signal looks like background noise. There are two main variations,
Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) and Frequency Hopping Spread
Spectrum (FHSS).
What is DSSS? What is FHSS? And what are their differences? Frequency
Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS) uses a narrowband carrier that changes
frequency in a pattern that is known to both transmitter and receiver. Properly
synchronized, the net effect is to maintain a single logical channel. To an
unintended receiver, FHSS appears to be short-duration impulse noise. Direct
Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) generates a redundant bit pattern for each
bit to be transmitted. This bit pattern is called a chip (or chipping code). The
longer the chip, the greater the probability that the original data can be recov61
Network Everywhere® Series
ered. Even if one or more bits in the chip are damaged during transmission,
statistical techniques embedded in the radio can recover the original data
without the need for retransmission. To an unintended receiver, DSSS appears
as low power wideband noise and is rejected (ignored) by most narrowband
receivers.
Would the information be intercepted while transmitting on air? WLAN features
two-fold protection in security. On the hardware side, as with Direct
Sequence Spread Spectrum technology, it has the inherent security feature of
scrambling. On the software side, the WLAN series offers the encryption
function (WEP) to enhance security and access control. Users can set it up
depending upon their needs.
What is WEP? WEP is Wired Equivalent Privacy, a data privacy mechanism
based on a 40/64 bit shared key algorithm, as described in the IEEE 802.11
standard.
What is a MAC Address? The Media Access Control (MAC) address is a unique
number assigned by the manufacturer to any Ethernet networking device,
such as a network adapter, that allows the network to identify it at the hardware level. For all practical purposes, this number is usually permanent.
Unlike IP addresses, which can change every time a computer logs on to the
network, the MAC address of a device stays the same, making it a valuable
identifier for the network.
If your questions are not addressed here,
refer to the Network Everywhere website,
www.networkeverywhere.com.
Wireless-B Broadband Router
Appendix B: How to Ping Your ISP’s
E-mail and Web Addresses
Virtually all Internet addresses are configured with words or characters (i.e.,
www.networkeverywhere.com, www.yahoo.com, etc.) In actuality, however,
these Internet addresses are assigned to IP addresses, which are the true
addresses on the Internet.
IP and web addresses, however, can sometimes be long and hard to remember.
Because of this, certain ISPs will shorten their server addresses to single words
or codes on their users’ web browser or e-mail configurations. If your ISP’s email and web server addresses are configured with single words (“www,” “email,” “home,” “pop3,” etc.) rather than whole Internet Addresses or IP
Addresses, the Router may have problems sending or receiving mail and
accessing the Internet. This happens because the Router has not been configured by your ISP to accept their abbreviated server addresses.
The solution is to determine the true web addresses behind your ISP’s code
words. You can determine the IP and web addresses of your ISP’s servers by
“pinging” them.
Note: If you don’t have your ISP’s web and e-mail IP addresses, you must
either get them from your ISP or follow these steps prior to connecting the
Router to your network.
Step One: Pinging an IP Address
The first step to determining your ISP’s web and e-mail server address is to
ping its IP address.
1. Power on the computer and the cable or DSL modem, and restore the
network configuration set by your ISP if you have since changed it.
2. Click Start, then Run, and type “command.” This will bring up the DOS
window.
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Network Everywhere® Series
3. At the DOS command prompt, type “ping mail” (assuming that the location for which you’re trying to find an IP address is configured as “mail”).
Press Enter. Information such as the following data, taken from a ping of
Microsoft Network’s e-mail server, will be displayed.
C:\>ping mail
Pinging mail [24.53.32.4] with 32 bytes of data:
Reply
Reply
Reply
Reply
from
from
from
from
24.53.32.4:
24.53.32.4:
24.53.32.4:
24.53.32.4:
bytes=32
bytes=32
bytes=32
bytes=32
time<10ms
time<10ms
time<10ms
time<10ms
TTL=128
TTL=128
TTL=128
TTL=128
Ping statistics for 24.53.32.4:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0%
loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0ms
4. Write down the IP address returned by the ping command. (In the
example above: 24.53.32.4.) This IP address is the actual IP address of the
server “mail,” or any other word or value you have pinged.
Step Two: Pinging for a Web Address
While the IP address returned above would work as your e-mail server address,
it may not be permanent. IP addresses change all the time. Web addresses, however, usually don’t. Because of this, you’re likely to have fewer problems by
configuring your system with web addresses rather than IP addresses. Follow
the instructions below to find the web address assigned to the IP address you
just pinged.
Wireless-B Broadband Router
C:\>ping -a 24.53.32.4
Pinging mail.msnv3.occa.home.com [24.53.32.4] with
32 bytes of data:
Reply
Reply
Reply
Reply
from
from
from
from
24.53.32.4:
24.53.32.4:
24.53.32.4:
24.53.32.4:
bytes=32
bytes=32
bytes=32
bytes=32
time<10ms
time<10ms
time<10ms
time<10ms
TTL=127
TTL=127
TTL=127
TTL=127
Ping statistics for 24.53.32.4:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0%
loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0ms
2. Write down the web address returned by the ping command (in the
example above: mail.msnv3.occa.home.com.). This web address is the web
address assigned to the IP address you just pinged. While the IP address of
“mail” could conceivably change, it is likely that this web address will not.
3. Replace your ISP’s abbreviated server address with this extended web
address in the corresponding Internet application (web browser, e-mail
application, etc.).
Once you have replaced the brief server address with the true server address,
the Router should have no problem accessing the Internet through that Internet
application.
1. At the DOS command prompt, type “ping -a 24.53.32.4,” where
24.53.32.4 is the IP address you just pinged. Information such as the following data will be displayed.
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Network Everywhere® Series
Appendix C: Configuring Wireless
Security
Note: WEP encryption is an additional data security measure and not essential for router operation.
An acronym for Wired Equivalent Privacy, WEP is an encryption method used
to protect your wireless data communications. WEP uses a combination of 64bit or 128-bit keys to provide access control to your network and encryption
security for every data transmission. To decode a data transmission, each point
in a network must use an identical 64-bit or 128-bit key. Higher encryption levels mean higher levels of security, but due to the complexity of the encryption,
they may mean decreased network performance.
You may also have heard the term “40-bit” used in conjunction with WEP
encryption. This is simply another term for 64-bit WEP encryption. This level
of WEP encryption has been called 40-bit because it uses a 40-bit secret key
along with a 24-bit Initialization Vector (40 + 24 = 64). Wireless vendors may
use either name. Network Everywhere uses the term “64-bit” when referring
to this level of encryption.
Wireless-B Broadband Router
The following steps will show you how to utilize WEP encryption
1. From the Web-based Utility’s Setup tab, select Mandatory under the WEP
section.
2. Press the WEP Key Setting button to set the WEP Encryption type and
level.
3. The screen displayed in Figure
C-1 may appear,
verifying that you
are enabling WEP
Encryption. Press
the OK button to
continue.
Figure C-1
4. This will display the screen shown in Figure C-2. From this screen, you will
choose your WEP Encryption settings.
Make sure your wireless network is functioning before attempting to configure
WEP encryption.
A 128-bit WEP encrypted wireless network will NOT communicate with a 64bit WEP encrypted wireless network. Therefore, make sure that all of your
wireless devices are using the same encryption level. All wireless devices complying with the 802.11b standard will support 64-bit WEP.
In addition to enabling WEP, Network Everywhere also recommends the following security implementations:
• Changing the SSID from the default “wireless”
• Changing the WEP key regularly
Note: In order for WEP Encryption to be enabled, wireless functions must
first be enabled. Select Enable under the Wireless section before proceeding.
Figure C-2
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Network Everywhere® Series
•
WEP (64Bit or 128B) Select the level of encryption from the drop-down
box. 128-bit WEP encryption is unique to Network Everywhere and may
conflict with other vendors’ WEP encryption.
Note: In order to utilize WEP encryption, all points in your wireless
network must have WEP enabled and be set to the same Key Setting.
The WEP Encryption key is generated in one of two ways:
Wireless-B Broadband Router
Configuring Wireless Security in Windows XP
As Windows XP does not allow for the use of the Network Everywhere
Passphrase feature with the wireless PC adapters, you will need to manually
enter the key generated in the previous section.
The following steps will help you enable WEP and enter the encryption key
manually for your wireless PC cards, in order to enable your Windows XP system to communicate with the Router wirelessly.
1. You may create an encryption key by using a Passphrase.
a. Enter a Passphrase, a user-defined password, into the Passphrase field.
The Passphrase can be a maximum of 31 letters, symbols, and numbers.
No spaces can be used.
b. Click the Generate button to create a key. The key will be 10 digits if
you chose 64-bit encryption, or 26 digits if you chose 128-bit encryption.
This key will be used to encrypt and decrypt the data being sent between
the Router and your network’s wireless PCs.
These steps assume that your CD-ROM drive is letter D and that you are running Windows XP in the default mode.
Be sure you have the WEP Key generated by the Router.
1. As shown in Figure C-3, click the Start button and go to the Control Panel.
The Key field may not display all digits. Using the mouse, click anywhere within the Key field. Move the cursor to the right to view the rest
of the Key. Make sure your write down the entire Key EXACTLY the
way it is displayed.
2. You may enter the encryption key manually.
Make a note of the Passphrase or Manual Key. You will need it for the other
wireless devices on the network, as the same WEP encryption key must be
entered in all wireless devices on the network.
Once you have chosen your key encryption method and entered either the
Passphrase or manual key, click the Apply button, and the encryption portion
of the setup is complete.
Note: In Windows XP, a 128-bit Key generated by the Router
will be called a "104 bits (26 digits)" key, and a 64-bit Key generated by the Router will be called a “40 bits (10 digits)” key.
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Figure C-3
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Network Everywhere® Series
2. In the “Control Panel” window, click the Network and Internet
Connections icon, shown in Figure C-4.
Wireless-B Broadband Router
If a “Connect to Wireless Network” window appears, in the Available
Networks section, click the desired wireless network, specified by the
Router’s SSID. Then, double-click the Wireless Network Connection icon.
Figure C-4
3. Click the Network Connections icon, shown in Figure C-5.
Figure C-6
5. When the “Wireless Network Connection Status” window appears, as in
Figure C-7, click the Properties button.
Figure C-5
4. The “Network Connections” window will appear, as shown in Figure C-6.
Under LAN or High-Speed Internet you will see all Network cards that are
installed and operating in your computer. Double-click the Wireless
Network Connection icon associated with your wireless adapter.
If the “Wireless Network Connection Status” window appears, continue to
the next step
Figure C-7
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Network Everywhere® Series
6. When the “Wireless
Network Connection
Properties”
window
appears, as in Figure C8, click the Wireless
Networks Tab.
Wireless-B Broadband Router
8. The “Wireless Network Properties” window (shown in Figure C-10) will
appear.
Click the check box for the Data encryption (WEP enabled) option.
Remove the check from the Network Authentication (Shared mode) and
The key is provided for me automatically fields.
In the "Network key" field, enter the exact Key (all 10 or 26 digits, depending on the level of encryption) generated by the Router.
Verify that the “Key format” field displays “Hexadecimal digits” and that
the “Key length” field displays either “40 bits (10 digits)” or “104 bits (26
digits)”. If this is not displayed, you have entered the key incorrectly.
Figure C-8
7. If the appropriate wireless network, specified
by the Router’s SSID, is
displayed
in
the
“Preferred networks”
section, as shown in
Figure C-9, doubleclick it and continue to
the next step.
Otherwise, click on the
appropriate
wireless
network, specified by
the Router’s SSID, in
the “Available networks” section. Then,
click the Configure
button
72
Figure C-10
Click the OK button to save the settings. Click on OK buttons until you
get back to the “Wireless Network Connection Status” window. Close any
open windows to get back to the Windows XP desktop.
Figure C-9
Close any applications and reboot your PC. After reboot, WEP configuration
is complete and you should be able to connect wirelessly to the Router.
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Network Everywhere® Series
Appendix D: Finding the MAC
Address and IP Address for Your
Ethernet Adapter
Wireless-B Broadband Router
3. Write down the Adapter Address as shown on your computer screen (see
Figure D-3). This is the MAC address for your Ethernet adapter and will
be shown as a series of numbers and letters.
The MAC address/Adapter Address is what you will use for MAC Address
Cloning or MAC Filtering.
This section describes how to find the MAC address for your Ethernet adapter
to do either MAC Filtering or MAC Address Cloning for the Router and ISP.
You can also find the IP address of your computer’s Ethernet adapter. The IP
address is used for filtering, forwarding, and DMZ. Follow these steps to find
the MAC address or IP address for your adapter in Windows 98SE, ME, 2000,
and XP.
For Windows 98 SE and ME:
1. Click on Start and Run. In the Open field, enter winipcfg, as shown in
Figure D-1. Then press the Enter key or the OK button.
Figure D-3
The example in Figure F-3 shows the IP address of your Ethernet adapter
as 192.168.1.100. Your computer may show something different.
Note: The MAC address is also called the Adapter
Address.
For Windows 2000 and XP:
Figure D-1
2. When the IP Configuration window appears, as shown in Figure D-2, select
the Ethernet adapter you are using to connect to the Router via a CAT 5
Ethernet cable.
The following steps show an alternative way of obtaining the MAC address and
IP address for your Ethernet adapter.
1. Click on Start and Run. In the Open field, enter cmd, as shown in Figure
D-4. Press the Enter key or click the OK button.
Figure D-4
Figure D-2
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Network Everywhere® Series
2. In the command prompt, enter ipconfig /all. Then press the Enter key.
Wireless-B Broadband Router
When entering the information using the Router’s web-based utility, you will
type the 12-digit MAC address in this format, XXXXXXXXXXXX without
the hyphens for MAC Filtering. See Figure D-6.
Figure D-5
Figure D-6
3. Write down the Physical Address as shown on your computer screen; it is
the MAC address for your Ethernet adapter. This will appear as a series of
letters and numbers.
When entering information for MAC Address Cloning, type the 12-digit MAC
address (see Figure D-7).
The MAC address/Physical Address is what you will use for MAC Address
Cloning or MAC Filtering.
Note: The MAC address is also called the Physical
Address.
The example in Figure D-5 shows the IP address of your Ethernet adapter
as 192.168.1.100. Your computer may show something different.
Figure D-7
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Network Everywhere® Series
Appendix E: Glossary
Wireless-B Broadband Router
asymmetric transfer rates: around 36 Mbps downstream (from the Internet to
the computer), and from 200 Kbps to 2 Mbps upstream (from the computer to
the Internet).
10BaseT - An Ethernet standard that uses twisted wire pairs.
100BaseTX - IEEE physical layer specification for 100 Mbps over two pairs of
Category 5 cable.
Adapter - Printed circuit board that plugs into a PC to add to capabilities or
connectivity to a PC. In a networked environment, a network interface card is
the typical adapter that allows the PC or server to connect to the intranet and/or
Internet.
Auto-negotiate - To automatically determine the correct settings. The term is
often used with communications and networking. For example, Ethernet
10/100 cards and switches can determine the highest speed of the node they are
connected to and adjust their transmission rate accordingly.
Bandwidth - The transmission capacity of a given facility, in terms of how
much data the facility can transmit in a fixed amount of time; expressed in bits
per second (bps).
Bit – A binary digit. The value—0 or 1—used in the binary numbering system.
Also, the smallest form of data.
Boot – To cause the computer to start executing instructions. Personal computers contain built-in instructions in a ROM chip that are automatically executed
on startup. These instructions search for the operating system, load it, and pass
control to it.
Bridge - A device that interconnects different networks together.
Broadband - A data-transmission scheme in which multiple signals share the
bandwidth of a medium. This allows the transmission of voice, data, and video
signals over a single medium. Cable television uses broadband techniques to
deliver dozens of channels over one cable.
Browser - A browser is an application program that provides a way to look at
and interact with all the information on the World Wide Web or PC. The word
“browser” seems to have originated prior to the Web as a generic term for user
interfaces that let you browse text files online.
Cable Modem - A device that connects a computer to the cable television network, which in turn connects to the Internet. Once connected, cable modem
users have a continuous connection to the Internet. Cable modems feature
78
CAT 5 - ANSI/EIA (American National Standards Institute/Electronic
Industries Association) Standard 568 is one of several standards that specify
“categories” (the singular is commonly referred to as “CAT”) of twisted pair
cabling systems (wires, junctions, and connectors) in terms of the data rates
that they can sustain. CAT 5 cable has a maximum throughput of 100 Mbps and
is usually utilized for 100BaseTX networks.
CSMA/CD (Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Detection) - The LAN
access method used in Ethernet. When a device wants to gain access to the network, it checks to see if the network is quiet (senses the carrier). If it is not, it
waits a random amount of time before retrying. If the network is quiet and two
devices access the line at exactly the same time, their signals collide. When the
collision is detected, they both back off and each waits a random amount of
time before retrying.
Data Packet - One frame in a packet-switched message. Most data communications is based on dividing the transmitted message into packets. For example,
an Ethernet packet can be from 64 to 1518 bytes in length.
Default Gateway - The routing device used to forward all traffic that is not
addressed to a station within the local subnet.
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) - A protocol that lets network
administrators centrally manage and automate the assignment of Internet
Protocol (IP) addresses in an organization's network. Using the Internet’s set of
protocol (TCP/IP), each machine that can connect to the Internet needs a
unique IP address. When an organization sets up its computer users with a connection to the Internet, an IP address must be assigned to each machine.
Without DHCP, the IP address must be entered manually at each computer and,
if computers move to another location in another part of the network, a new IP
address must be entered. DHCP lets a network administrator supervise and distribute IP addresses from a central point and automatically sends a new IP
address when a computer is plugged into a different place in the network.
DHCP uses the concept of a “lease” or amount of time that a given IP address
will be valid for a computer. The lease time can vary depending on how long a
user is likely to require the Internet connection at a particular location. It’s especially useful in education and other environments where users change frequently. Using very short leases, DHCP can dynamically reconfigure networks
in which there are more computers than there are available IP addresses.
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Network Everywhere® Series
DHCP supports static addresses for computers containing Web servers that
need a permanent IP address.
DMZ - (DeMilitarized Zone) allows one IP address (or computer) to be
exposed to the Internet. Some applications require multiple TCP/IP ports to be
open. It is recommended that you set your computer with a static IP address if
you want to use DMZ Hosting.
DNS - The Domain Name System (DNS) is the way that Internet domain
names are located and translated into Internet Protocol (IP) addresses. A
domain name is a meaningful and easy-to-remember “handle” for an Internet
address.
Domain - A subnetwork comprised of a group of clients and servers under the
control of one security database. Dividing LANs into domains improves performance and security.
Download - To receive a file transmitted over a network. In a communications
session, download means receive, and upload means transmit.
Dynamic IP Address - An IP address that is automatically assigned to a client
station in a TCP/IP network, typically by a DHCP server. Network devices that
serve multiple users, such as servers and printers, are usually assigned static IP
addresses.
Dynamic Routing - The ability for a router to forward data via a different route
based on the current conditions of the communications circuits. For example,
it can adjust for overloaded traffic or failing lines and is much more flexible
than static routing, which uses a fixed forwarding path.
Ethernet - IEEE standard network protocol that specifies how data is placed
on and retrieved from a common transmission medium. Has a transfer rate of
10 Mbps. Forms the underlying transport vehicle used by several upper-level
protocols, including TCP/IP and XNS.
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Wireless-B Broadband Router
Firmware - Code that is written onto read-only memory (ROM) or programmable read-only memory (PROM). Once firmware has been written onto the
ROM or PROM, it is retained even when the device is turned off.
Fragmentation - Breaking a packet into smaller units when transmitting over
a network medium that cannot support the original size of the packet.
FTP (File Transfer Protocol) - A protocol used to transfer files over a TCP/IP
network (Internet, UNIX, etc.). For example, after developing the HTML pages
for a website on a local machine, they are typically uploaded to the Web server using FTP.
FTP includes functions to log onto the network, list directories, and copy files.
It can also convert between the ASCII and EBCDIC character codes. FTP operations can be performed by typing commands at a command prompt or via an
FTP utility running under a graphical interface such as Windows. FTP transfers
can also be initiated from within a Web browser by entering the URL preceded
with ftp://.
Unlike e-mail programs in which graphics and program files have to be
“attached,” FTP is designed to handle binary files directly and does not add the
overhead of encoding and decoding the data.
Full Duplex - The ability of a device or line to transmit data simultaneously in
both directions.
Gateway – A device that interconnects networks with different, incompatible
communications protocols.
Half Duplex - Data transmission that can occur in two directions over a single
line, but only one direction at a time.
Hardware - Hardware is the physical aspect of computers, telecommunications, and other information technology devices. The term arose as a way to distinguish the “box” and the electronic circuitry and components of a computer
from the program you put in it to make it do things. The program came to be
known as the software.
Firewall - A firewall is a set of related programs, located at a network gateway
server, that protects the resources of a network from users from other networks.
(The term also implies the security policy that is used with the programs.) An
enterprise with an intranet that allows its workers access to the wider Internet
installs a firewall to prevent outsiders from accessing its own private data
resources and for controlling what outside resources to which its own users
have access.
HTTP (HyperText Transport Protocol) - The communications protocol used
to connect to servers on the World Wide Web. Its primary function is to establish a connection with a Web server and transmit HTML pages to the client
browser.
Basically, a firewall, working closely with a router, examines each network
packet to determine whether to forward it toward its destination.
IEEE - The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. The IEEE
describes itself as “the world's largest technical professional society—promot81
Network Everywhere® Series
ing the development and application of electrotechnology and allied sciences
for the benefit of humanity, the advancement of the profession, and the wellbeing of our members.”
The IEEE fosters the development of standards that often become national and
international standards. The organization publishes a number of journals, has
many local chapters, and has several large societies in special areas, such as the
IEEE Computer Society.
IP Address - In the most widely installed level of the Internet Protocol (IP)
today, an IP address is a 32-binary digit number that identifies each sender or
receiver of information that is sent in packets across the Internet. When you
request an HTML page or send e-mail, the Internet Protocol part of TCP/IP
includes your IP address in the message (actually, in each of the packets if more
than one is required) and sends it to the IP address that is obtained by looking
up the domain name in the Uniform Resource Locator you requested or in the
e-mail address you're sending a note to. At the other end, the recipient can see
the IP address of the Web page requestor or the e-mail sender and can respond
by sending another message using the IP address it received.
IPCONFIG - A utility that provides for querying, defining and managing IP
addresses within a network. A commonly used utility, under Windows NT and
2000, for configuring networks with static IP addresses.
IPSec (Internet Protocol Security) - IPSec is a developing standard for security at the network or packet processing layer of network communication. A big
advantage of IPSec is that security arrangements can be handled without
requiring changes to individual user computers.
ISP - An ISP (Internet service provider) is a company that provides individuals
and companies access to the Internet and other related services such as website
building and virtual hosting.
LAN - A local area network (LAN) is a group of computers and associated
devices that share a common communications line and typically share the
resources of a single processor or server within a small geographic area (for
example, within an office building).
Latency - The time delay between when the first bit of a packet is received and
the last bit is forwarded.
MAC Address - The MAC (Media Access Control) address is a unique number assigned by the manufacturer to any Ethernet networking device, such as a
network adapter, that allows the network to identify it at the hardware level.
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Wireless-B Broadband Router
Mbps (MegaBits Per Second) - One million bits per second; unit of measurement for data transmission.
mIRC - mIRC runs under Windows and provides a graphical interface for logging onto IRC servers and listing, joining, and leaving channels.
NAT - NAT (Network Address Translation) is the translation of an Internet
Protocol address (IP address) used within one network to a different IP address
known within another network. One network is designated the inside network
and the other is the outside.
Network - A system that transmits any combination of voice, video, and/or
data between users.
Packet Filtering - Discarding unwanted network traffic based on its originating address or range of addresses or its type (e-mail, file transfer, etc.).
Ping (Packet INternet Groper) - An Internet utility used to determine whether
a particular IP address is online. It is used to test and debug a network by sending out a packet and waiting for a response.
POP3 (Post Office Protocol 3) - A standard mail server commonly used on the
Internet. It provides a message store that holds incoming e-mail until users log
on and download it. POP3 is a simple system with little selectivity. All pending
messages and attachments are downloaded at the same time. POP3 uses the
SMTP messaging protocol.
Port - A pathway into and out of the computer or a network device such as a
switch or router. For example, the serial and parallel ports on a personal computer are external sockets for plugging in communications lines, modems, and
printers.
PPPoE (Point to Point Protocol over Ethernet) - PPPoE is a method for the
encapsulation of PPP packets over Ethernet frames from the user to the ISP
over the Internet. One reason PPPoE is preferred by ISPs is because it provides
authentication (username and password) in addition to data transport. A PPPoE
session can be initiated by either a client application residing on a PC, or by
client firmware residing on a modem or router.
PPTP (Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol) - A protocol which allows the Point
to Point Protocol (PPP) to be tunneled through an IP network. PPTP does not
specify any changes to the PPP protocol but rather describes a “tunneling service” for carrying PPP (a tunneling service is any network service enabled by
tunneling protocols such as PPTP, L2F, L2TP, and IPSEC tunnel
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Network Everywhere® Series
RIP (Routing Information Protocol) - A simple routing protocol that is part of
the TCP/IP protocol suite. It determines a route based on the smallest hop count
between source and destination. RIP is a distance vector protocol that routinely broadcasts routing information to its neighboring routers.
RJ-45 - A connector similar to a telephone connector that holds up to eight
wires, used for connecting Ethernet devices.
Router - Protocol-dependent device that connects subnetworks together.
Routers are useful in breaking down a very large network into smaller subnetworks; they introduce longer delays and typically have much lower throughput
rates than bridges.
Server - Any computer whose function in a network is to provide user access
to files, printing, communications, and other services.
SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) - The standard e-mail protocol on the
Internet. It is a TCP/IP protocol that defines the message format and the message transfer agent (MTA), which stores and forwards the mail.
SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) - A widely used network
monitoring and control protocol. Data is passed from SNMP agents, which are
hardware and/or software processes reporting activity in each network device
(switch, router, bridge, etc.) to the workstation console used to oversee the network. The agents return information contained in a MIB (Management
Information Base), which is a data structure that defines what is obtainable
from the device and what can be controlled (turned off, on, etc.).
Software - Instructions for the computer. A series of instructions that performs
a particular task is called a “program.” The two major categories of software are
“system software” and “application software.” System software is made up of
control programs such as the operating system and database management system (DBMS). Application software is any program that processes data for the
user.
A common misconception is that software is data. It is not. Software tells the
hardware how to process the data.
Static IP Address - A permanent IP address that is assigned to a node in a
TCP/IP network.
Wireless-B Broadband Router
Subnet Mask - The method used for splitting IP networks into a series of subgroups, or subnets. The mask is a binary pattern that is matched up with the IP
address to turn part of the host ID address field into a field for subnets.
Switch – 1. A data switch connects computing devices to host computers,
allowing a large number of devices to share a limited number of ports. 2. A
device for making, breaking, or changing the connections in an electrical circuit.
TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) - A method (protocol) used along with
the IP (Internet Protocol) to send data in the form of message units (datagram)
between network devices over a LAN or WAN. While IP takes care of handling
the actual delivery of the data (routing), TCP takes care of keeping track of the
individual units of data (called packets) that a message is divided into for efficient delivery over the network. TCP is known as a “connection oriented” protocol due to requiring the receiver of a packet to return an acknowledgment of
receipt to the sender of the packet resulting in transmission control.
TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) - The basic communication language or set of protocols for communications over a network
(developed specifically for the Internet). TCP/IP defines a suite or group of
protocols and not only TCP and IP.
Telnet - A terminal emulation protocol commonly used on the Internet and
TCP/IP-based networks. It allows a user at a terminal or computer to log onto
a remote device and run a program.
TFTP (Trivial File Transfer Protocol) - A version of the TCP/IP FTP protocol
that has no directory or password capability.
Throughput - The amount of data moved successfully from one place to another in a given time period.
Topology - A network’s topology is a logical characterization of how the
devices on the network are connected and the distances between them. The
most common network devices include switches, routers, and gateways. Most
large networks contain several levels of interconnection, the most important of
which include edge connections, backbone connections, and wide-area connections.
TX Rate – Transmission Rate.
Static Routing - Forwarding data in a network via a fixed path. Static routing
cannot adjust to changing line conditions as can dynamic routing.
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UDP (User Datagram Protocol) - A method (protocol) used along with the IP
(Internet Protocol) to send data in the form of message units (datagram)
between network devices over a LAN or WAN. While IP takes care of handling
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Network Everywhere® Series
Wireless-B Broadband Router
the actual delivery of the data (routing), UDP takes care of keeping track of the
individual units of data (called packets) that a message is divided into for efficient delivery over the network. UDP is known as a “connection-less” protocol
due to NOT requiring the receiver of a packet to return an acknowledgment of
receipt to the sender of the packet (as opposed to TCP).
Appendix F: Specifications
Standards
Upgrade - To replace existing software or firmware with a newer version.
IEEE 802.3 (10BaseT), IEEE 802.3u (100BaseTX),
IEEE 802.11b (Wireless)
Ports
Buttons
Cabling Type
LED Indicators
Modulation
Network Protocols
Four 10/100 switch ports, One Internet Port
Reset
CCK, QPSK, BPSK
TCP/IP, NetBEUI, IPX/SPX
WEP Key Bits
64-bit and 128-bit
Upload - To send a file transmitted over a network. In a communications session, upload means transmit, and download means receive.
URL (Uniform Resource Locator) - The address that defines the route to a file
on the Web or any other Internet facility. URLs are typed into the browser to
access Web pages, and URLs are embedded within the pages themselves to provide the hypertext links to other pages.
WAN (Wide Area Network) - A communications network that covers a relatively large geographic area, consisting of two or more LANs. Broadband communication over the WAN is often through public networks such as the telephone (DSL) or cable systems, or through leased lines or satellites. In its most
basic definition, the Internet could be considered a WAN.
Environmental
Dimensions
(W x H x D)
WINIPCFG - Configuration utility based on the Win32 API for querying,
defining, and managing IP addresses within a network. A commonly used utility for configuring networks with static IP addresses.
Workgroup - Two or more individuals that share files and databases.
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Ethernet Category 5 or better
Power, Wireless-B, Ethernet, Internet
Unit Weight
Power
Certifications
Operating Temp.
Storage Temp.
Operating Humidity
Storage Humidity
6.30" x 14.33" x 1.38"
(160 mm x 110 mm x 35 mm)
8.82 oz. (0.25 kg)
External, 12V DC, 1A
FCC Class B
0°C to 40°C (32°F to 104°F)
-20°C to 70°C (-4°F to 158°F)
10% to 85%, Non-condensing
5% to 90%, Non-condensing
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Network Everywhere® Series
Wireless-B Broadband Router
Appendix G: Warranty Information
Appendix H: Contact Information
BE SURE TO HAVE YOUR PROOF OF PURCHASE AND A BARCODE
FROM THE PRODUCT'S PACKAGING ON HAND WHEN CALLING.
RETURN REQUESTS CANNOT BE PROCESSED WITHOUT PROOF OF
PURCHASE.
For help with the installation or operation of the Wireless Broadband Router,
contact Network Everywhere Technical Support at one of the phone numbers
or Internet addresses below.
IN NO EVENT SHALL NETWORK EVERYWHERE’S LIABILITY
EXCEED THE PRICE PAID FOR THE PRODUCT FROM DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
RESULTING FROM THE USE OF THE PRODUCT, ITS ACCOMPANYING
SOFTWARE, OR ITS DOCUMENTATION. NETWORK EVERYWHERE
DOES NOT OFFER REFUNDS FOR ANY PRODUCT.
Technical Support
Fax
Email
Web site
949-271-5470, M-F, 8:00 am to 5:00 pm (PST)
949-265-6655
support@NetworkEverywhere.com
http://www.NetworkEverywhere.com
NETWORK EVERYWHERE OFFERS CROSS SHIPMENTS, A FASTER
PROCESS FOR PROCESSING AND RECEIVING YOUR REPLACEMENT.
NETWORK EVERYWHERE PAYS FOR UPS GROUND ONLY. ALL CUSTOMERS LOCATED OUTSIDE OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
AND CANADA SHALL BE HELD RESPONSIBLE FOR SHIPPING AND
HANDLING CHARGES. PLEASE CALL NETWORK EVERYWHERE FOR
MORE DETAILS.
88
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FCC RF Radiation Exposure Statement:
The equipment complies with FCC RF radiation exposure limits set forth for
an uncontrolled environment. This equipment should be installed and operated
with a minimum distance of 20 centimeters between the radiator and your body.
This Transmitter must not be co-located or operating in conjunction with
any other antenna or transmitter.
Changes or modifications to this unit not expressly approved by the party
responsible for compliance could void the user authority to operate the
equipment.
h t t p : / / w w w. N e t w o r k E v e r y w h e r e . c o m
Copyright © 2003 Network Everywhere. All rights reserved.

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