D Link WL3600APA1 802.11n single band Unified Access Point User Manual UserMan KA2WL3600APA1 rev 1

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Unified Access Point
Administrator's Guide
Product Model:
DWL-3600AP
DWL-6600AP
DWL-8600AP
Unified Wired & Wireless Access System
Release 2.0
November 2011
©Copyright 2011. All rights reserved.
Unified Access Point Administrator’s Guide
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Unified Access Point Administrator’s Guide
Table of Contents
Section 1: About This Document ..................................................................................... 12
Document Organization ............................................................................................................................... 12
Additional Documentation...........................................................................................................................12
Document Conventions................................................................................................................................13
Online Help, Supported Browsers, and Limitations ....................................................................................14
Section 2: Getting Started ............................................................................................... 15
Administrator’s Computer Requirements ...................................................................................................16
Wireless Client Requirements......................................................................................................................17
Dynamic and Static IP Addressing on the AP...............................................................................................17
Recovering an IP Address.......................................................................................................................18
Discovering a Dynamically Assigned IP Address ....................................................................................18
Installing the UAP .........................................................................................................................................19
Basic Settings ................................................................................................................................................22
Connecting to the AP Web Interface by Using the IPv6 Address...........................................................24
Using the CLI to View the IP Address ...........................................................................................................24
Configuring the Ethernet Settings................................................................................................................25
Using the CLI to Configure Ethernet Settings.........................................................................................26
Configuring IEEE 802.1X Authentication......................................................................................................27
Using the CLI to Configure 802.1X Authentication Information ............................................................27
Verifying the Installation..............................................................................................................................28
Configuring Security on the Wireless Access Point .....................................................................................29
Section 3: Viewing Access Point Status ............................................................................ 30
Viewing Interface Status ..............................................................................................................................31
Wired Settings (Internal Interface) ........................................................................................................31
Wireless Settings....................................................................................................................................31
Viewing Events .............................................................................................................................................32
Configuring Persistent Logging Options.................................................................................................32
Configuring the Log Relay Host for Kernel Messages ............................................................................34
Enabling or Disabling the Log Relay Host on the Events Page ...............................................................34
Viewing Transmit and Receive Statistics .....................................................................................................36
Viewing Associated Wireless Client Information ........................................................................................38
Viewing TSPEC Client Associations ..............................................................................................................39
Link Integrity Monitoring .......................................................................................................................41
Viewing Rogue AP Detection .......................................................................................................................41
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Saving and Importing the Known AP List ...............................................................................................44
Viewing Managed AP DHCP Information.....................................................................................................45
Viewing TSPEC Status and Statistics Information........................................................................................45
Viewing TSPEC AP Statistics Information.....................................................................................................47
Viewing Radio Statistics Information ..........................................................................................................48
Viewing Email Alert Operational Status ......................................................................................................50
Section 4: Managing the Access Point.............................................................................. 51
Ethernet Settings ..........................................................................................................................................51
Wireless Settings ..........................................................................................................................................54
Using the 802.11h Wireless Mode.........................................................................................................57
Enabling AeroScout™ Engine Support ...................................................................................................57
Modifying Radio Settings .............................................................................................................................58
Configuring Radio and VAP Scheduler .........................................................................................................65
Scheduler Association Settings ....................................................................................................................68
Virtual Access Point Settings........................................................................................................................70
None (Plain‐text)....................................................................................................................................74
Static WEP..............................................................................................................................................74
Static WEP Rules .............................................................................................................................76
IEEE 802.1X ............................................................................................................................................76
WPA Personal ........................................................................................................................................78
WPA Enterprise......................................................................................................................................79
Configuring the Wireless Distribution System (WDS) .................................................................................81
WEP on WDS Links .................................................................................................................................84
WPA/PSK on WDS Links .........................................................................................................................84
Controlling Access by MAC Authentication .................................................................................................85
Configuring a MAC Filter and Station List on the AP..............................................................................85
Configuring MAC Authentication on the RADIUS Server .......................................................................87
Configuring Load Balancing..........................................................................................................................88
Managed Access Point Overview.................................................................................................................89
Transitioning Between Modes ...............................................................................................................89
Configuring Managed Access Point Settings..........................................................................................90
Configuring 802.1X Authentication..............................................................................................................92
Creating a Management Access Control List ...............................................................................................94
Section 5: Configuring Access Point Services.................................................................... 95
Configuring SNMP on the Access Point .......................................................................................................95
Web Server Settings .....................................................................................................................................99
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Setting the SSH Status ................................................................................................................................101
Setting the Telnet Status............................................................................................................................101
Configuring Quality of Service....................................................................................................................102
Configuring Email Alert ..............................................................................................................................106
Enabling the Time Settings (NTP)...............................................................................................................109
Section 6: Configuring SNMPv3 ..................................................................................... 111
Configuring SNMPv3 Views........................................................................................................................111
Configuring SNMPv3 Groups......................................................................................................................113
Configuring SNMPv3 Users ........................................................................................................................115
Configuring SNMPv3 Targets .....................................................................................................................116
Section 7: Maintaining the Access Point ........................................................................ 117
Saving the Current Configuration to a Backup File....................................................................................117
Restoring the Configuration from a Previously Saved File........................................................................118
Performing AP Maintenance......................................................................................................................120
Resetting the Factory Default Configuration .......................................................................................120
Rebooting the Access Point .................................................................................................................120
Upgrading the Firmware ............................................................................................................................120
Packet Capture Configuration and Settings...............................................................................................122
Packet Capture Status..........................................................................................................................124
Packet Capture Parameter Configuration............................................................................................124
Packet File Capture ..............................................................................................................................125
Remote Packet Capture .......................................................................................................................125
Packet Capture File Download.............................................................................................................127
Section 8: Configuring Client Quality of Service ............................................................. 128
Configuring VAP QoS Parameters ..............................................................................................................128
Managing Client QoS ACLs .........................................................................................................................131
IPv4 and IPv6 ACLs ...............................................................................................................................131
MAC ACLs.............................................................................................................................................131
ACL Configuration Process ...................................................................................................................131
Creating a DiffServ Class Map ....................................................................................................................138
Defining DiffServ ..................................................................................................................................138
Creating a DiffServ Policy Map...................................................................................................................144
Client QoS Status ........................................................................................................................................146
Configuring RADIUS‐Assigned Client QoS Parameters ..............................................................................147
Section 9: Clustering Multiple APs ................................................................................. 149
Managing Access Points in the Cluster ......................................................................................................149
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Clustering Single and Dual Radio APs ..................................................................................................149
Viewing and Configuring Cluster Members .........................................................................................149
Removing an Access Point from the Cluster ........................................................................................151
Adding an Access Point to a Cluster.....................................................................................................152
Navigating to Configuration Information for a Specific AP..................................................................152
Navigating to an AP by Using its IP Address in a URL...........................................................................152
Managing Cluster Sessions.........................................................................................................................153
Sorting Session Information.................................................................................................................154
Configuring and Viewing Channel Management Settings.........................................................................154
Stopping/Starting Automatic Channel Assignment .............................................................................155
Viewing Current Channel Assignments and Setting Locks ...................................................................156
Viewing the Last Proposed Set of Changes..........................................................................................156
Configuring Advanced Settings ............................................................................................................157
Viewing Wireless Neighborhood Information...........................................................................................158
Viewing Details for a Cluster Member .................................................................................................160
Appendix A: Default AP Settings.................................................................................... 161
Appendix B: Configuration Examples............................................................................. 164
Configuring a VAP.......................................................................................................................................164
VAP Configuration from the Web Interface.........................................................................................164
VAP Configuration from the CLI ...........................................................................................................165
VAP Configuration Using SNMP ...........................................................................................................166
Configuring Radio Settings .........................................................................................................................166
Radio Configuration from the Web Interface ......................................................................................166
Radio Configuration from the CLI ........................................................................................................168
Radio Configuration Using SNMP ........................................................................................................168
Configuring the Wireless Distribution System...........................................................................................169
WDS Configuration from the Web Interface .......................................................................................169
WDS Configuration from the CLI..........................................................................................................170
WDS Configuration Using SNMP..........................................................................................................171
Clustering Access Points.............................................................................................................................172
Clustering APs by Using the Web Interface .........................................................................................172
Clustering APs by Using the CLI............................................................................................................173
Clustering APs by Using SNMP.............................................................................................................174
Configuring Client QoS ............................................................................................................................... 174
Configuring QoS by Using the Web Interface ......................................................................................174
ACL Configuration.........................................................................................................................174
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DiffServ Configuration .................................................................................................................. 176
Configuring QoS by Using the CLI ........................................................................................................179
ACL Configuration.........................................................................................................................179
DiffServ Configuration .................................................................................................................. 179
ACL Configuration.........................................................................................................................180
DiffServ Configuration .................................................................................................................. 182
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Unified Access Point Administrator’s Guide
List of Figures
Figure 1: Administrator UI Online Help ............................................................................................................14
Figure 2: Viewing Interface Status....................................................................................................................31
Figure 3: Viewing Events ..................................................................................................................................32
Figure 4: Persistent Logging Options................................................................................................................33
Figure 5: Log Relay Host ...................................................................................................................................34
Figure 6: Viewing Traffic Statistics....................................................................................................................36
Figure 7: Viewing Client Association Information ............................................................................................38
Figure 8: Viewing TSPEC Client Associations ....................................................................................................39
Figure 9: Viewing Rogue and Known Access Points .........................................................................................41
Figure 10: Viewing TSPEC Status and Statistics ................................................................................................45
Figure 11: Radio Statistics ................................................................................................................................48
Figure 12: Email Alert Operational Status ........................................................................................................50
Figure 13: Ethernet Settings.............................................................................................................................52
Figure 14: Wireless Interface Configuration.....................................................................................................54
Figure 15: Configuring Radio Settings ..............................................................................................................58
Figure 16: Configuring Radio Settings (Continued) ..........................................................................................59
Figure 17: Scheduler Configuration.................................................................................................................. 65
Figure 18: Modify Rule Configuration ..............................................................................................................67
Figure 19: Scheduler Association .....................................................................................................................68
Figure 20: Setting Up Virtual Access Points......................................................................................................71
Figure 21: Configuring WDS Settings................................................................................................................82
Figure 22: Configuring MAC Authentication ....................................................................................................86
Figure 23: Configuring Load Balancing .............................................................................................................88
Figure 24: Configuring Managed Access Point Settings ...................................................................................90
Figure 25: IEEE 802.1X Authentication .............................................................................................................92
Figure 26: Management ACL ............................................................................................................................ 94
Figure 27: Modifying SNMP Settings ................................................................................................................96
Figure 28: Configuring Web Server Settings.....................................................................................................99
Figure 29: SSH Status......................................................................................................................................101
Figure 30: Telnet Status..................................................................................................................................101
Figure 31: Configuring QoS Settings...............................................................................................................103
Figure 32: Configuring Email Alert..................................................................................................................106
Figure 33: Setting the System Time................................................................................................................109
Figure 34: SNMPv3 Views...............................................................................................................................111
Figure 35: SNMPv3 Groups ............................................................................................................................113
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Figure 36: SNMPv3 Users ...............................................................................................................................115
Figure 37: SNMPv3 Target..............................................................................................................................116
Figure 38: Maintenance .................................................................................................................................120
Figure 39: Packet Capture Configuration .......................................................................................................123
Figure 40: VAP QoS Parameters ..................................................................................................................... 129
Figure 41: Client QoS ACL ...............................................................................................................................132
Figure 42: Client QoS DiffServ Class Map .......................................................................................................139
Figure 43: Client QoS DiffServ Policy Map......................................................................................................144
Figure 44: Client QoS Status ...........................................................................................................................146
Figure 45: Cluster Information and Member Configuration ..........................................................................150
Figure 46: Cluster Information and Member Configuration ..........................................................................150
Figure 47: Session Management ....................................................................................................................153
Figure 48: Channel Management ...................................................................................................................155
Figure 49: Wireless Neighborhood.................................................................................................................158
Figure 50: Details for a Cluster Member AP ...................................................................................................160
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Unified Access Point Administrator’s Guide
List of Tables
Table 1: Typographical Conventions ................................................................................................................13
Table 2: Requirements for the Administrator’s Computer ..............................................................................16
Table 3: Requirements for Wireless Clients .....................................................................................................17
Table 4: Basic Settings Page .............................................................................................................................22
Table 5: CLI Commands for Ethernet Setting ...................................................................................................26
Table 6: CLI Commands for the 802.1X Supplicant ..........................................................................................27
Table 7: Logging Options ..................................................................................................................................33
Table 8: Log Relay Host ....................................................................................................................................34
Table 9: Transmit/Receive................................................................................................................................37
Table 10: Associated Clients.............................................................................................................................38
Table 11: TSPEC Client Associations .................................................................................................................39
Table 12: Rogue AP Detection..........................................................................................................................42
Table 13: TSPEC Status and Statistics ...............................................................................................................46
Table 14: TSPEC AP Statistics............................................................................................................................47
Table 15: Radio Statistics Information .............................................................................................................48
Table 16: Email Alert Status .............................................................................................................................50
Table 17: Ethernet Settings Page .....................................................................................................................52
Table 18: Wireless Settings ..............................................................................................................................55
Table 19: Radio Settings ...................................................................................................................................60
Table 20: Scheduler Configuration ...................................................................................................................66
Table 21: Scheduler Association Settings .........................................................................................................69
Table 22: Virtual Access Point Settings ............................................................................................................71
Table 23: Static WEP.........................................................................................................................................74
Table 24: IEEE 802.1X .......................................................................................................................................76
Table 25: WPA Personal ...................................................................................................................................78
Table 26: WPA Enterprise.................................................................................................................................79
Table 27: WDS Settings ....................................................................................................................................83
Table 28: WEP on WDS Links............................................................................................................................84
Table 29: WPA/PSK on WDS Links ....................................................................................................................84
Table 30: MAC Authentication .........................................................................................................................86
Table 31: RADIUS Server Attributes for MAC Authentication ..........................................................................87
Table 32: Load Balancing..................................................................................................................................88
Table 33: Managed Access Point......................................................................................................................90
Table 34: IEEE 802.1X Supplicant Authentication ............................................................................................92
Table 35: Management ACL .............................................................................................................................94
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Table 36: SNMP Settings ..................................................................................................................................96
Table 37: Web Server Settings .........................................................................................................................99
Table 38: SSH Settings ....................................................................................................................................101
Table 39: Telnet Settings ................................................................................................................................101
Table 40: QoS Settings....................................................................................................................................103
Table 41: Email Alert Configuration ...............................................................................................................106
Table 42: NTP Settings....................................................................................................................................110
Table 43: SNMPv3 Views ................................................................................................................................112
Table 44: SNMPv3 Groups..............................................................................................................................114
Table 45: SNMP v3 Users................................................................................................................................115
Table 46: SNMPv3 Targets .............................................................................................................................116
Table 47: Packet Capture Status.....................................................................................................................124
Table 48: Packet Capture Configuration ........................................................................................................124
Table 49: Packet File Capture .........................................................................................................................125
Table 50: Remote Packet Capture..................................................................................................................127
Table 51: Packet Capture File Download........................................................................................................127
Table 52: VAP QoS Parameters ......................................................................................................................129
Table 53: ACL Configuration ...........................................................................................................................132
Table 54: DiffServ Class Map ..........................................................................................................................139
Table 55: DiffServ Policy Map.........................................................................................................................145
Table 56: Client QoS Status ............................................................................................................................146
Table 57: Client QoS RADIUS Attributes.........................................................................................................147
Table 58: Access Points in the Cluster............................................................................................................151
Table 59: Clustering Options ..........................................................................................................................151
Table 60: Session Management ..................................................................................................................... 153
Table 61: Channel Assignments......................................................................................................................156
Table 62: Last Proposed Changes...................................................................................................................156
Table 63: Advanced Channel Management Settings......................................................................................157
Table 64: Wireless Neighborhood Information..............................................................................................159
Table 65: Cluster Member Details..................................................................................................................160
Table 66: UAP Default Settings....................................................................................................................... 161
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About This Document
Unified Access Point Administrator’s Guide
Section 1: About This Document
This guide describes setup, configuration, administration and maintenance for the D‐Link DWL‐x600AP Unified
Access Point (UAP) on a wireless network. The three UAP models in the DWL‐x600AP family include the
DWL‐3600AP, DWL‐6600AP, and DWL‐8600AP.
Document Organization
The Unified Access Point Administrator’s Guide contains the following sections:
• Section 1: “About This Document,” on page 12
• Section 2: “Getting Started,” on page 15
• Section 3: “Viewing Access Point Status,” on page 30
• Section 4: “Managing the Access Point,” on page 51
• Section 5: “Configuring Access Point Services,” on page 95
• Section 6: “Configuring SNMPv3,” on page 111
• Section 7: “Maintaining the Access Point,” on page 117
• Section 8: “Configuring Client Quality of Service,” on page 128
• Section 9: “Clustering Multiple APs,” on page 149
• Appendix A: “Default AP Settings,” on page 161
• Appendix B: “Configuration Examples,” on page 164
Additional Documentation
The following documentation provides additional information about Unified Access Point software:
• The Unified Access Point CLI Command Reference describes the commands available from the command‐
line interface (CLI) for managing, monitoring, and configuring the switch.
• The User Manual for the D‐Link Unified Wired and Wireless System provides information about setting up
and managing the Unified Wireless Switch (UWS), including information about how to use the switch to
manage multiple UAPs.
• Release notes for the D‐Link Unified Wired and Wireless System detail the platform‐specific functionality
of the software packages, including issues and workarounds.
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Document Conventions
Unified Access Point Administrator’s Guide
Document Conventions
This section describes the conventions this document uses.
Note: A note provides more information about a feature or technology and cross‐references to related
topics.
Caution! A caution provides information about critical aspects of AP configuration, combinations of
settings, events, or procedures that can adversely affect network connectivity, security, and so on.
The following table describes the typographical conventions used in this guide.
Table 1: Typographical Conventions
Symbol
Example
Description
Bold
Menu titles, page names, and button names
courier font
Click Apply to save your
settings.
See “Document
Conventions” on page 13.
WLAN‐AP# show network
courier font italics
value
[ ] Square brackets
{} curly braces
[value]
| Vertical bars
[{}] Braces within square
brackets
choice1 | choice2
Blue Text
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{choice1 | choice2}
[{choice1 | choice2}]
Hyperlinked text.
Screen text, file names, commands, user‐typed
command‐line entries
Command parameter, which might be a variable or
fixed value.
Indicates an optional fixed parameter.
Indicates that you must select a parameter from
the list of choices.
Separates the mutually exclusive choices.
Indicate a choice within an optional element.
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Online Help, Supported Browsers, and Limitations
Online Help, Supported Browsers, and Limitations
Online help for the UAP Administration Web pages provides information about all fields and features available
from the user interface (UI). The information in the online help is a subset of the information available in the
Unified Access Point Administrator’s Guide.
Online help information corresponds to each page on the UAP Administration UI.
For information about the settings on the current page, click the Help link on the upper right side of a page.
The following figure shows an example of the online help available from the links on the user interface.
Figure 1: Administrator UI Online Help
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Getting Started
Unified Access Point Administrator’s Guide
Section 2: Getting Started
The D‐Link DWL‐x600AP unified access point (UAP) provides continuous, high‐speed access between wireless
devices and Ethernet devices. It is an advanced, standards‐based solution for wireless networking in businesses
of any size. The UAP enables wireless local area network (WLAN) deployment while providing state‐of‐the‐art
wireless networking features.
The UAP can operate in two modes: Standalone Mode or Managed Mode. In Standalone Mode, the UAP acts
as an individual access point in the network, and you manage it by using the Administrator Web User Interface
(UI), command‐line interface (CLI), or SNMP. In Managed Mode, the UAP is part of the D‐Link Unified Wired and
Wireless System, and you manage it by using the D‐Link Unified Wireless Switch. If an AP is in Managed Mode,
the Administrator Web UI, Telnet, SSH, and SNMP services are disabled.
This document describes how to perform the setup, management, and maintenance of the UAP in Standalone
Mode. For information about configuring the AP in Managed Mode by using the D‐Link Unified Wireless Switch,
see the User Manual for the switch.
Before you power on a new UAP, review the following sections to check required hardware and software
components, client configurations, and compatibility issues. Make sure you have everything you need for a
successful launch and test of your new or extended wireless network.
The DWL‐6600AP and DWL‐8600AP are dual‐radio access points and support the IEEE 802.11a, 802.11b,
802.11g, and 802.11n modes. The DWL‐3600AP is a single‐radio access point and supports the IEEE 802.11b,
IEEE 802.11g, and 802.11n (2.4 GHz) modes.
This section contains the following topics:
• “Administrator’s Computer Requirements”
• “Wireless Client Requirements”
• “Dynamic and Static IP Addressing on the AP”
• “Installing the UAP”
• “Basic Settings”
• “Using the CLI to View the IP Address”
• “Configuring the Ethernet Settings”
• “Configuring IEEE 802.1X Authentication”
• “Verifying the Installation”
• “Configuring Security on the Wireless Access Point”
To manage the UAP by using the Web interface or by using the CLI through Telnet or SSH, the AP needs an IP
address. If you use VLANs or IEEE 802.1X Authentication (port security) on your network, you might need to
configure additional settings on the AP before it can connect to the network.
Note: The WLAN AP is not designed to function as a gateway to the Internet. To connect your WLAN
to other LANs or the Internet, you need a gateway device.
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Administrator’s Computer Requirements
Unified Access Point Administrator’s Guide
Administrator’s Computer Requirements
The following table describes the minimum requirements for the administrator’s computer for configuration
and administration of the UAP through a Web‐based user interface (UI).
Table 2: Requirements for the Administrator’s Computer
Required Software or Component
Description
Serial or Ethernet Connection to the
Access Point
Wireless Connection to the Network
The computer used to configure the first access point must be
connected to the access point by a serial cable or an Ethernet cable.
After initial configuration and launch of the first access point on your
new wireless network, you can make subsequent configuration
changes through the Administration Web pages using a wireless
connection to the internal network. For wireless connection to the
access point, your administration device will need Wi‐Fi capability
similar to that of any wireless client:
Portable or built‐in Wi‐Fi client adapter that supports one or more of
the IEEE 802.11 modes in which you plan to run the access point.
Wireless client software configured to associate with the UAP.
Configuration and administration of the UAP is provided through a
Web‐based user interface hosted on the access point. We
recommend using one of the following supported Web browsers to
access the access point Administration Web pages:
• Microsoft® Internet Explorer® version 7.x or 8.x (with up‐to‐date
patch level for either major version)
• Mozilla® Firefox version 3.5 or later
• Safari 5 and later versions
The administration Web browser must have JavaScript™ enabled to
support the interactive features of the administration interface.
Ensure that security is disabled on the wireless client used to initially
configure the access point.
Web Browser and Operating System
Security Settings
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Wireless Client Requirements
Unified Access Point Administrator’s Guide
Wireless Client Requirements
The UAP provides wireless access to any client with a properly configured Wi‐Fi client adapter for the 802.11
mode in which the access point is running. The UAP supports multiple client operating systems. Clients can be
laptop or desktop computers, personal digital assistants (PDAs), or any other hand‐held, portable or stationary
device equipped with a Wi‐Fi adapter and supporting drivers.
To connect to the access point, wireless clients need the software and hardware described in the following
table.
Table 3: Requirements for Wireless Clients
Required Component
Description
Wi‐Fi Client Adapter
Portable or built‐in Wi‐Fi client adapter that supports one or more of the IEEE
802.11 modes in which you plan to run the access point.
Wireless Client Software Client software, such as Microsoft Windows Supplicant, configured to associate
with the UAP.
Client Security Settings
Security should be disabled on the client used to do initial configuration of the
access point.
If the Security mode on the access point is set to anything other than plain text,
wireless clients will need to set a profile to the authentication mode used by the
access point and provide a valid username and password, certificate, or similar user
identity proof. Security modes are Static WEP, IEEE 802.1X, WPA with RADIUS
server, and WPA‐PSK.
For information about configuring security on the access point, see “Virtual Access
Point Settings” on page 70.
Dynamic and Static IP Addressing on the AP
When you power on the access point, the built‐in DHCP client searches for a DHCP server on the network in
order to obtain an IP Address and other network information. If the AP does not find a DHCP server on the
network, the AP continues to use its default Static IP Address (10.90.90.91) until you re‐assign it a new static
IP address (and specify a static IP addressing policy) or until the AP successfully receives network information
from a DHCP server.
To change the connection type and assign a static IP address by using the CLI, see “Configuring the Ethernet
Settings” on page 25 or, by using the Web UI, see “Ethernet Settings” on page 51.
Caution! If you do not have a DHCP server on your internal network, and do not plan to use one, the
first thing you must do after powering on the access point is change the connection type from DHCP
to static IP. You can either assign a new static IP address to the AP or continue using the default
address. We recommend assigning a new static IP address so that if you bring up another WLAN AP
on the same network, the IP address for each AP will be unique.
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Dynamic and Static IP Addressing on the AP
Recovering an IP Address
If you experience trouble communicating with the access point, you can recover a static IP address by resetting
the AP configuration to the factory defaults (see “Resetting the Factory Default Configuration” on page 120),
or you can get a dynamically assigned address by connecting the AP to a network that has a DHCP server.
Discovering a Dynamically Assigned IP Address
If you have access to the DHCP server on your network and know the MAC address of your AP, you can view
the new IP address associated with the MAC address of the AP.
If you do not have access to the DHCP server that assigned the IP address to the AP or do not know the MAC
address of the AP, you might need to use the CLI to find out what the new IP address is. For information about
how to discover a dynamically assigned IP address, see “Using the CLI to View the IP Address” on page 24.
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Unified Access Point Administrator’s Guide
Installing the UAP
Installing the UAP
To access the Administration Web UI, you enter the IP address of the AP into a Web browser. You can use the
default IP address of the AP (10.90.90.91) to log on to the AP and assign a static IP address, or you can use a
DHCP server on you network to assign network information to the AP. The DHCP client on the AP is enabled by
default.
To install the UAP, use the following steps:
1. Connect the AP to an administrative PC by using a LAN connection or a direct‐cable connection.
• To use a LAN connection, connect one end of an Ethernet cable to the network port on the access point
and the other end to the same hub where your PC is connected, as shown in the following figure.
The hub or switch you use must permit broadcast signals from the access point to reach all other devices
on the network.
• To use a direct‐cable connection, connect one end of an Ethernet straight‐through or crossover cable to
the network port on the access point and the other end of the cable to the Ethernet port on the PC, as
shown in the following figure. You can also use a serial cable to connect the serial port on the AP to a
serial port on the administrative computer.
For initial configuration with a direct Ethernet connection and no DHCP server, be sure to set your PC to a
static IP address in the same subnet as the default IP address on the access point. (The default IP address
for the access point is 10.90.90.91.)
If you use this method, you will need to reconfigure the cabling for subsequent startup and deployment of
the access point so that the access point is no longer connected directly to the PC but instead is connected
to the LAN (either by using a hub or directly).
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Installing the UAP
Note: It is possible to detect access points on the network with a wireless connection. However,
we strongly advise against using this method. In most environments you may have no way of
knowing whether you are actually connecting to the intended AP. Also, many of the initial
configuration changes required will cause you to lose connectivity with the AP over a wireless
connection.
2. Connect the power adapter to the power port on the back of the access point, and then plug the other end
of the power cord into a power outlet.
3. Use your Web browser to log on to the UAP Administration Web pages.
– If the AP did not acquire an IP address from a DHCP server on your network, enter 10.90.90.91 in the
address field of your browser, which is the default IP address of the AP.
– If you used a DHCP server on your network to automatically configure network information for the AP,
enter the new IP address of the AP into the Web browser.
– If you used a DHCP server and you do not know the new IP address of the AP, use the following
procedures to obtain the information:
a. Connect a serial cable from the administrative computer to the AP and use a terminal emulation
program to access the command‐line interface (CLI).
b. At the login prompt, enter admin for the user name and admin for the password. At the command
prompt, enter get management.
– The command output displays the IP address of the AP. Enter this address in the address field of your
browser. For a more detailed explanation about how to log on to the CLI by using the console port, see
“Using the CLI to View the IP Address” on page 24.
4. When prompted, enter admin for the user name and admin for the password, then click OK.
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Installing the UAP
When you first log in, the Basic Settings page for UAP administration is displayed, as the following figure
shows.
5. Verify the settings on the Basic Settings page.
• Review access point description and provide a new administrator password for the access point if you
do not want to use the default password, which is admin.
• Click the Apply button to activate the wireless network with these new settings.
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Note: The changes you make are not saved or applied until you click Apply. Changing some access
point settings might cause the AP to stop and restart system processes. If this happens, wireless
clients will temporarily lose connectivity. We recommend that you change access point settings
when WLAN traffic is low.
For information about the fields and configuration options on the Basic Settings page, see “Basic Settings”
on page 22.
6. If you do not have a DHCP server on the management network and do not plan to use one, you must change
the Connection Type from DHCP to Static IP.
You can either assign a new Static IP address to the AP or continue using the default address. We
recommend assigning a new Static IP address so that if you bring up another UAP on the same network,
the IP address for each AP will be unique. To change the connection type and assign a static IP address, see
“Configuring the Ethernet Settings” on page 25 (CLI) or “Ethernet Settings” on page 51 (Web).
7. If your network uses VLANs, you might need to configure the management VLAN ID or untagged VLAN ID
on the UAP in order for it to work with your network.
For information about how to configure VLAN information, see “Configuring the Ethernet Settings” on
page 25 (CLI) or “Ethernet Settings” on page 51 (Web).
8. If your network uses IEEE 802.1X port security for network access control, you must configure the 802.1X
supplicant information on the AP.
For information about how to configure the 802.1X user name and password, see “Configuring IEEE 802.1X
Authentication” on page 27.
Basic Settings
From the Basic Settings page, you can view various information about the UAP, including IP and MAC address
information, and configure the administrator password for the UAP. Table 4 describes the fields and
configuration options on the Basic Settings page.
Table 4: Basic Settings Page
Field
Description
IP Address
Shows the IP address assigned to the AP. This field is not editable on this page because
the IP address is already assigned (either by DHCP, or statically through the Ethernet
Settings page).
Shows the IPv6 address assigned to the AP. This field is not editable on this page because
the IP address is already assigned (either by DHCPv6, or statically through the Ethernet
Settings page).
Shows the IPv6 Link Local address, which is the IPv6 address used by the local physical
link. The link local address is not configurable and is assigned by using the IPv6 Neighbor
Discovery process.
Shows the MAC address of the AP. The address shown here is the MAC address
associated with the management interface. This is the address by which the AP is known
externally to other networks.
IPv6 Address
IPv6 Link Local
Address
MAC Address
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Table 4: Basic Settings Page (Cont.)
Field
Description
Firmware Version
Shows version information about the firmware currently installed on the AP. As new
versions of the WLAN AP firmware become available, you can upgrade the firmware on
your APs.
Product Identifier Identifies the AP hardware model.
Hardware Version Identifies the AP hardware version.
Serial Number
Shows the AP serial number.
Device Name
Generic name to identify the type of hardware.
Device Description Provides information about the product hardware.
Current Password Enter the current administrator password. You must correctly enter the current password
before you are able to change it.
New Password
Enter a new administrator password. The characters you enter are displayed as bullet
characters to prevent others from seeing your password as you type.
The administrator password must be an alphanumeric string of up to 8 characters. Do not
use special characters or spaces.
Note: As an immediate first step in securing your wireless network, we recommend that
you change the administrator password from the default.
Confirm New
Re‐enter the new administrator password to confirm that you typed it as intended.
Password
Baud Rate
Select a baud rate for the serial port connection. The baud rate on the AP must match
the baud rate on the terminal or terminal emulator to connect to the AP command‐line
interface (CLI) by using a serial (console) connection.
The following baud rates are available:
• 9600
• 19200
• 38400
• 57600
• 115200
System Name
Enter a name for the AP. This name appears only on the Basic Settings page and is a name
to identify the AP to the administrator. Use up to 64 alphanumeric characters, for
example My AP.
System Contact
Enter the name, e‐mail address, or phone number of the person to contact regarding
issues related to the AP.
System Location
Enter the physical location of the AP, for example Conference Room A.
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Using the CLI to View the IP Address
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Connecting to the AP Web Interface by Using the IPv6 Address
To connect to the AP by using the IPv6 global address or IPv6 link local address, you must enter the AP address
into your browser in a special format.
Note: The following instructions and examples work with Microsoft Internet Explorer 7 (IE7) and
might not work with other browsers.
To connect to an IPv6 global address, add square brackets around the IPv6 address. For example, if the AP
global IPv6 address is 2520::230:abff:fe00:2420, type the following address into the IE7 address field: http://
[2520::230:abff:fe00:2420].
To connect to the iPv6 link local address, replace the colons (:) with hyphens (‐), add the interface number
preceded with an "s," then add ".ipv6‐literal.net." For example, if the AP link local address is
fe80::230:abff:fe00:2420, and the Windows interface is defined as "%6," type the following address into the
IE7 address field: http://fe80‐‐230‐abff‐fe00‐2420s6.ipv6‐literal.net.
Using the CLI to View the IP Address
The DHCP client on the UAP is enabled by default. If you connect the UAP to a network with a DHCP server, the
AP automatically acquires an IP address. To manage the UAP by using the Administrator UI, you must enter the
IP address of the access point into a Web browser.
If a DHCP server on your network assigns an IP address to the UAP, and you do not know the IP address, use
the following steps to view the IP address of the UAP:
1. Using a null‐modem cable, connect a VT100/ANSI terminal or a workstation to the console (serial) port.
If you attached a PC, Apple, or UNIX workstation, start a terminal‐emulation program, such as
HyperTerminal or TeraTerm.
2. Configure the terminal‐emulation program to use the following settings:
• Baud rate: 115200 bps
• Data bits: 8
• Parity: none
• Stop bit: 1
• Flow control: none
3. Press the return key, and a login prompt should appear.
The login name is admin. The default password is admin. After a successful login, the screen shows the
(Access Point Name)# prompt.
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Configuring the Ethernet Settings
4. At the login prompt, enter get management.
Information similar to the following prints to the screen.
Configuring the Ethernet Settings
The default Ethernet settings, which include DHCP and VLAN information, might not work for all networks.
By default, the DHCP client on the UAP automatically broadcasts requests for network information. If you want
to use a static IP address, you must disable the DHCP client and manually configure the IP address and other
network information.
The management VLAN is VLAN 1 by default. This VLAN is also the default untagged VLAN. If you already have
a management VLAN configured on your network with a different VLAN ID, you must change the VLAN ID of
the management VLAN on the access point.
For information about using the Web interface to configure the Ethernet settings, see “Ethernet Settings” on
page 51. You can also use the CLI to configure the Ethernet settings, which the following section describes.
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Using the CLI to Configure Ethernet Settings
Use the commands shown in the following table to view and set values for the Ethernet (wired) interface. For
more information about each setting, see the description for the field in Table 17 on page 52.
Table 5: CLI Commands for Ethernet Setting
Action
Command
Get the DNS Name
Set the DNS Name
get host id
set host id 
For example:
set host id vicky‐ap
Get Current Settings for the Ethernet (Wired) Internal
Interface
Set the management VLAN ID
View untagged VLAN information
Enable the untagged VLAN
Disable the untagged VLAN
Set the untagged VLAN ID
View the connection type
Use DHCP as the connection type
Use a Static IP as the connection type
Set the Static IP address
get management
set management vlan‐id <1‐4094>
get untagged‐vlan
set untagged‐vlan status up
set untagged‐vlan status down
set untagged‐vlan vlan‐id <1‐4094>
get management dhcp‐status
set management dhcp‐status up
set management dhcp‐status down
set management static‐ip 
For example:
set management static‐ip 10.10.12.221
Set a Subnet Mask
set management static‐mask 
For example:
set management static‐mask 255.255.255.0
Set the Default Gateway
set static‐ip‐route gateway 
For example:
set static‐ip‐route gateway 10.10.12.1
get host dns‐via‐dhcp
View the DNS Nameserver mode Dynamic= up
Manual=down
Set DNS Nameservers to Use Static IP Addresses (Dynamic set host dns‐via‐dhcp down
set host static‐dns‐1 
to Manual Mode)
set host static‐dns‐2 
For example:
set host static‐dns‐1 192.168.23.45
Set DNS Nameservers to Use DHCP IP Addressing (Manual set host dns‐via‐dhcp up
to Dynamic Mode)
In the following example, the administrator uses the CLI to set the management VLAN ID to 123 and to disable
the untagged VLAN so that all traffic is tagged with a VLAN ID.
D‐Link‐WLAN‐AP# set management vlan‐id 123
D‐Link‐WLAN‐AP# set untagged‐vlan status down
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Configuring IEEE 802.1X Authentication
D‐Link‐WLAN‐AP# get management
Property
Value
‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐
vlan‐id
123
interface
brtrunk
static‐ip
10.90.90.91
static‐mask
255.0.0.0
ip
10.90.90.91
mask
255.0.0.0
mac
5C:D9:98:2F:52:40
dhcp‐status
up
ipv6‐status
up
ipv6‐autoconfig‐status
up
static‐ipv6
::
static‐ipv6‐prefix‐length 0
D‐Link‐WLAN‐AP# get untagged‐vlan
Property Value
‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐
vlan‐id
status
down
D‐Link‐WLAN‐AP#
Configuring IEEE 802.1X Authentication
On networks that use IEEE 802.1X, port‐based network access control, a supplicant (client) cannot gain access
to the network until the 802.1X authenticator grants access. If your network uses 802.1X, you must configure
802.1X authentication information that the AP can supply to the authenticator.
If your network uses IEEE 802.1X see “Configuring 802.1X Authentication” on page 92 for information about
how to configure 802.1X by using the Web interface.
Using the CLI to Configure 802.1X Authentication Information
The following table shows the commands used to configure the 802.1X supplicant information using the CLI.
Table 6: CLI Commands for the 802.1X Supplicant
Action
Command
View 802.1X supplicant settings
Enable 802.1X supplicant
Disable 802.1X supplicant
Set the 802.1X user name
Set the 802.1s password
get dot1x‐supplicant
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set dot1x‐supplicant status up
set dot1x‐supplicant status down
set dot1x‐supplicant user 
set dot1x‐supplicant password 
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Verifying the Installation
In the following example, the administrator enables the 802.1X supplicant and sets the user name to wlanAP
and the password to test1234.
D‐Link‐WLAN‐AP# set
D‐Link‐WLAN‐AP# set
D‐Link‐WLAN‐AP# set
D‐Link‐WLAN‐AP# get
Property Value
‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐
status
up
user
wlanAP
dot1x‐supplicant status up
dot1x‐supplicant user wlanAP
dot1x‐supplicant password test1234
dot1x‐supplicant
Verifying the Installation
Make sure the access point is connected to the LAN and associate some wireless clients with the network. Once
you have tested the basics of your wireless network, you can enable more security and fine‐tune the AP by
modifying advanced configuration features.
1. Connect the access point to the LAN.
• If you configured the access point and administrator PC by connecting both into a network hub, then
your access point is already connected to the LAN. The next step is to test some wireless clients.
• If you configured the access point by using a direct cable connection from your computer to the access
point, do the following procedures:
a. Disconnect the cable from the computer and the access point.
b. Connect an Ethernet cable from the access point to the LAN.
c. Connect your computer to the LAN by using an Ethernet cable or a wireless card.
2. Test LAN connectivity with wireless clients.
Test the UAP by trying to detect it and associate with it from some wireless client devices. For information
about requirements for these clients, see “Wireless Client Requirements” on page 17.
3. Secure and configure the access point by using advanced features.
Once the wireless network is up and you can connect to the AP with some wireless clients, you can add in
layers of security, create multiple virtual access points (VAPs), and configure performance settings.
Note: The WLAN AP is not designed for multiple, simultaneous configuration changes. If more than
one administrator is logged onto the Administration Web pages and making changes to the
configuration, there is no guarantee that all configuration changes specified by multiple users will
be applied.
By default, no security is in place on the access point, so any wireless client can associate with it and access
your LAN. An important next step is to configure security, as described in “Virtual Access Point Settings” on
page 70.
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Configuring Security on the Wireless Access Point
Configuring Security on the Wireless Access Point
You configure secure wireless client access by configuring security for each virtual access point (VAP) that you
enable. You can configure up to 16 VAPs per radio that simulate multiple APs in one physical access point. By
default, only one VAP is enabled. For each VAP, you can configure a unique security mode to control wireless
client access.
Each radio has 16 VAPs, with VAP IDs from 0‐15. By default, only VAP 0 on each radio is enabled. VAP0 has the
following default settings:
• VLAN ID: 1
• Broadcast SSID: Enabled
• SSID: dlink1
• Security: None
• MAC Authentication Type: None
• Redirect Mode: None
All other VAPs are disabled by default. The default SSID for VAPs 1 – 15 is "dlinkx" where x is the VAP ID.
To prevent unauthorized access to the UAP, we recommend that you select and configure a security option
other than None for the default VAP and for each VAP that you enable.
For information about how to configure the security settings on each VAP, see “Virtual Access Point Settings”
on page 70.
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Viewing Access Point Status
Section 3: V iewing Access Point Status
This section describes the information you can view from the tabs under the Status heading on the
Administration Web UI. This section contains the following subsections:
• “Viewing Interface Status”
• “Viewing Events”
• “Viewing Transmit and Receive Statistics”
• “Viewing Associated Wireless Client Information”
• “Viewing TSPEC Client Associations”
• “Viewing Rogue AP Detection”
• “Viewing Managed AP DHCP Information”
• “Viewing TSPEC Status and Statistics Information”
• “Viewing TSPEC AP Statistics Information”
• “Viewing Radio Statistics Information”
• “Viewing Email Alert Operational Status”
Note: The web‐based UI images in this section show the DWL‐8600AP administration pages. Pages
for the DWL‐3600AP will display information for one radio only.
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Viewing Interface Status
To monitor Ethernet LAN (wired) and wireless LAN (WLAN) settings, click the Interfaces tab.
Figure 2: Viewing Interface Status
This page displays the current settings of the UAP. It displays the Wired Settings and the Wireless Settings.
Wired Settings (Internal Interface)
The Internal interface includes the Ethernet MAC Address, Management VLAN ID, IP Address (IPv4 and IPv6),
Subnet Mask, and DNS information. To change any of these settings, click the Edit link. After you click Edit, you
are redirected to the Ethernet Settings page.
For information about configuring these settings, see “Configuring the Ethernet Settings” on page 25.
Wireless Settings
The Radio Interface includes the AeroScout™ Engine Communication status, Radio Mode and Channel. The
Wireless Settings section also shows the MAC address (read‐only) associated with each radio interface.
To change the Radio Mode or Channel settings, click the Edit link. After you click Edit, you are redirected to the
Modify Wireless Settings page.
For information about configuring these settings, see “Wireless Settings” on page 54 and “Modifying Radio
Settings” on page 58.
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Viewing Events
The Events page shows real‐time system events on the AP such as wireless clients associating with the AP and
being authenticated.
To view system events, click the Events tab.
Figure 3: Viewing Events
From the Events page, you can perform the following tasks:
• View the most recent, high‐level events generated by this AP.
• Enable and configure persistent logging to write system event logs to non‐volatile memory so that the
events are not erased when the system reboots.
• Set a Severity Level to determine what category of log messages are displayed.
• Set Depth to determine how many log messages are displayed in the Event log.
• Enable a remote log relay host to capture all system events and errors in a Kernel Log.
Note: The AP acquires its date and time information using the network time protocol (NTP). This data
is reported in UTC format (also known as Greenwich Mean Time). You need to convert the reported
time to your local time. For information on setting the network time protocol, see “” on page 106.
Configuring Persistent Logging Options
If the system unexpectedly reboots, log messages can be useful to diagnose the cause. However, log messages
are erased when the system reboots unless you enable persistent logging.
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Caution! Enabling persistent logging can wear out the flash (non‐volatile) memory and degrade
network performance. You should only enable persistent logging to debug a problem. Make sure you
disable persistent logging after you finish debugging the problem.
To configure persistent logging on the Events page, set the persistence, severity, and depth options as
described in Table 7, and then click Apply.
Figure 4: Persistent Logging Options
Table 7: Logging Options
Field
Description
Persistence
Choose Enabled to save system logs to non‐volatile memory so that the logs are not erased
when the AP reboots. Choose Disabled to save system logs to volatile memory. Logs in
volatile memory are deleted when the system reboots.
Specify the severity level of the log messages to write to non‐volatile memory. For example,
if you specify 2, critical, alert, and emergency logs are written to non‐volatile memory. Error
messages with a severity level of 3 – 7 are written to volatile memory.
• 0 — emergency
• 1 — alert
• 2 — critical
• 3 — error
• 4 — warning
• 5 — notice
• 6 — info
• 7 — debug
You can store up to 128 messages in non‐volatile memory. Once the number you configure
in this field is reached, the oldest log event is overwritten by the new log event.
Severity
Depth
Note: To apply your changes, click Apply. Changing some settings might cause the AP to stop and
restart system processes. If this happens, wireless clients will temporarily lose connectivity. We
recommend that you change AP settings when WLAN traffic is low.
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Viewing Events
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Configuring the Log Relay Host for Kernel Messages
The Kernel Log is a comprehensive list of system events (shown in the System Log) and kernel messages such
as error conditions, like dropping frames.
You cannot view kernel log messages directly from the Administration Web UI for an AP. You must first set up
a remote server running a syslog process and acting as a syslog log relay host on your network. Then, you can
configure the UAP to send syslog messages to the remote server.
Remote log server collection for AP syslog messages provides the following features:
• Allows aggregation of syslog messages from multiple APs
• Stores a longer history of messages than kept on a single AP
• Triggers scripted management operations and alerts
To use Kernel Log relaying, you must configure a remote server to receive the syslog messages. The procedure
to configure a remote log host depends on the type of system you use as the remote host.
Note: The syslog process will default to use port 514. We recommend keeping this default port.
However; If you choose to reconfigure the log port, make sure that the port number you assign to
syslog is not being used by another process.
Enabling or Disabling the Log Relay Host on the Events Page
To enable and configure Log Relaying on the Events page, set the Log Relay options as described in the
following table, and then click Apply.
Figure 5: Log Relay Host
Table 8: Log Relay Host
Field
Description
Relay Log
Select Enabled to allow the UAP to send log messages to a remote host. Select
Disabled to keep all log messages on the local system.
Specify the IP Address or DNS name of the remote log server.
Specify the Port number for the syslog process on the Relay Host.
The default port is 514.
Relay Host
Relay Port
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Note: To apply your changes, click Apply. Changing some settings might cause the AP to stop and
restart system processes. If this happens, wireless clients will temporarily lose connectivity. We
recommend that you change AP settings when WLAN traffic is low.
If you enabled the Log Relay Host, clicking Apply will activate remote logging. The AP will send its kernel
messages real‐time for display to the remote log server monitor, a specified kernel log file, or other storage,
depending on how you configured the Log Relay Host.
If you disabled the Log Relay Host, clicking Apply will disable remote logging.
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Viewing Transmit and Receive Statistics
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Viewing Transmit and Receive Statistics
The Transmit/Receive page provides some basic information about the current AP and a real‐time display of
the transmit and receive statistics for the Ethernet interface on the AP and for the VAPs on all supported radio
interfaces. All transmit and receive statistics shown are totals since the AP was last started. If you reboot the
AP, these figures indicate transmit and receive totals since the reboot.
To view transmit and receive statistics for the AP, click the Transmit/Receive page.
Figure 6: Viewing Traffic Statistics
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Table 9: Transmit/Receive
Field
Description
Interface
Status
MAC Address
The name of the Ethernet or VAP interface.
Shows whether the interface is up or down.
MAC address for the specified interface.
The UAP has a unique MAC address for each interface. Each radio has a different MAC
address for each interface on each of its two radios (DWL‐6600AP and DWL‐8600AP).
Virtual LAN (VLAN) ID.
You can use VLANs to establish multiple internal and guest networks on the same AP.
The VLAN ID is set on the VAP page. (See “Configuring Load Balancing” on page 88.)
Wireless network name. Also known as the SSID, this alphanumeric key uniquely
identifies a wireless local area network.
The SSID is set on the VAP page. (See “Configuring Load Balancing” on page 88.)
VLAN ID
Name (SSID)
Transmit and Receive Information
Total Packets
Total Bytes
Total Drop Packets
Total Drop Bytes
Errors
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Indicates total packets sent (in Transmit table) or received (in Received table) by this
AP.
Indicates total bytes sent (in Transmit table) or received (in Received table) by this AP.
Indicates total number of packets sent (in Transmit table) or received (in Received
table) by this AP that were dropped.
Indicates total number of bytes sent (in Transmit table) or received (in Received table)
by this AP that were dropped.
Indicates total errors related to sending and receiving data on this AP.
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Viewing Associated Wireless Client Information
Unified Access Point Administrator’s Guide
Viewing Associated Wireless Client Information
To view the client stations associated with a particular access point, click the Client Associations tab.
Figure 7: Viewing Client Association Information
The associated stations are displayed along with information about packet traffic transmitted and received for
each station.
Table 10 describes the fields on the Client Associations page.
Table 10: Associated Clients
Field
Description
Network
Shows which VAP the client is associated with. For example, an entry of wlan0vap2 means the
client is associated with Radio 1, VAP 2.
An entry of wlan0 means the client is associated with VAP 0 on Radio 1. An entry of wlan1
means the client is associated with VAP 0 on Radio 2.
Station
Shows the MAC address of the associated wireless client.
Status
The Authenticated and Associated Status shows the underlying IEEE 802.11 authentication
and association status, which is present no matter which type of security the client uses to
connect to the AP. This status does not show IEEE 802.1X authentication or association status.
Some points to keep in mind with regard to this field are:
• If the AP security mode is None or Static WEP, the authentication and association status of
clients showing on the Client Associations page will be in line with what is expected; that
is, if a client shows as authenticated to the AP, it will be able to transmit and receive data.
(This is because Static WEP uses only IEEE 802.11 authentication.)
• If the AP uses IEEE 802.1X or WPA security, however, it is possible for a client association to
show on this page as authenticated (via the IEEE 802.11 security) but actually not be
authenticated to the AP via the second layer of security.
From Station Shows the number of packets and bytes received from the wireless client and the number of
packets and bytes that were dropped after being received.
To Station
Shows the number of packets and bytes transmitted from the AP to the wireless client and the
number of packets and bytes that were dropped upon transmission.
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Viewing TSPEC Client Associations
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Viewing TSPEC Client Associations
The TSPEC Client Association Status and Statistics page provides some basic information about the client
associations status and a real‐time display of the transmit and receive statistics for the TSPEC clients. All
transmit and receive statistics shown are totals since the client association started.
A TSPEC is a traffic specification that is sent from a QoS‐capable wireless client to an AP requesting a certain
amount of network access for the traffic stream (TS) it represents. A traffic stream is a collection of data packets
identified by the wireless client as belonging to a particular user priority. An example of a voice traffic stream
is a Wi‐Fi CERTIFIED™ telephone handset that marks its codec‐generated data packets as voice priority traffic.
An example of a video traffic stream is a video player application on a wireless laptop that prioritizes a video
conference feed from a corporate server.
To view TSPEC client association statistics, click the TSPEC Client Associations tab.
Figure 8: Viewing TSPEC Client Associations
Table 11 describes the information provided on the TSPEC Client Association Status and Statistics page.
Table 11: TSPEC Client Associations
Field
Description
Status
Network
Station
TS Identifier
Access Category
Direction
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Radio interface used by the client.
Client station MAC address.
TSPEC Traffic Session Identifier (range 0‐7).
TS Access Category (voice or video).
The traffic direction for this TS. Direction can be:
• uplink
• downlink
• bidirectional
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Table 11: TSPEC Client Associations (Cont.)
Field
Description
User Priority
The User Priority (UP) for this TS. The UP is sent with each packet in the UP portion of
the IP header. Typical values are:
• 6 or 7 for voice
• 4 or 5 for video
The value may differ depending on other priority traffic sessions.
Medium Time
The time (in 32 microsecond per second units) that the TS traffic occupies the
transmission medium.
Excess Usage Events The number of times the client has exceeded the medium time established for its TSPEC.
Minor, infrequent violations are ignored.
VAP
The Virtual Access Point associated with this TS client.
MAC Address
The Virtual Access Point MAC address.
SSID
The service set identifier associated with this TS client.
Statistics
Network
Station
TS Identifier
TS Type
Access Category
Direction
Direction
From Station
To Station
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November 2011
Radio interface used by the client.
Client station MAC address.
TSPEC Traffic Session Identifier (range 0‐7).
There will only be an entry in the row for a client association that has an active TS. If
there are no active traffic streams, there is no entry for the station.
TS Access Category (voice or video).
The traffic direction for this TS. Direction can be:
• uplink
• downlink
• bidirectional
The traffic direction for this TS. Direction can be:
• uplink
• downlink
• bidirectional
Shows the number of packets and bytes received from the wireless client and the
number of packets and bytes that were dropped after being received. Also shows the
number of packets:
• in excess of an admitted TSPEC.
• for which no TSPEC has been established when admission is required by the AP.
Shows the number of packets and bytes transmitted from the AP to the wireless client
and the number of packets and bytes that were dropped upon transmission. Also shows
the number of packets:
• in excess of an admitted TSPEC.
• for which no TSPEC has been established when admission is required by the AP.
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Viewing Rogue AP Detection
Unified Access Point Administrator’s Guide
Link Integrity Monitoring
The UAP provides link integrity monitoring to continually verify its connection to each associated client. To do
this, the AP sends data packets to clients every few seconds when no other traffic is passing. This allows the AP
to detect when a client goes out of range, even during periods when no normal traffic is exchanged. The client
connection drops off the list within 300 seconds if these data packets are not acknowledged, even if no
disassociation message is received.
Viewing Rogue AP Detection
The status page to view Rogue AP Detection information provides real‐time statistics for all APs within range
of the AP on which you are viewing the Administration Web pages. When AP detection is enabled, the radio
will periodically switch from its operating channel to scan other channels within the same band. Click Refresh
to update the screen and display the most current information.
The Rogue AP Detection page contains the following two lists:
• Detected Rogue AP List — Lists all APs within range of the AP that have not been acknowledged as known
APs.
• Known AP List — Lists all APs within range of the AP that have been acknowledged as known APs either by
clicking the Grant button associated with an AP in the Detected Rogue AP List or by appearing in an
imported AP list.
To view information about other access points on the wireless network, click the Rogue AP Detection tab.
Figure 9: Viewing Rogue and Known Access Points
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You must enable the AP detection on a radio in order to collect information about other APs within range.
Table 12 describes the information provided on neighboring access points.
Table 12: Rogue AP Detection
Field
Description
AP Detection for
Radio
To allow the AP radios to perform neighbor AP detection and collect information about
neighbor APs, click Enabled.
To disable neighbor AP detection on the radios, click Disabled.
If you change the AP detection mode, click Apply to save the new settings.
Detected Rogue AP List
Action
MAC
Radio
Beacon Int.
Type
SSID
Privacy
WPA
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Click Grant to move the AP from the Detected Rogue AP List to the Known AP List.
Note: The Detected Rouge AP and Known AP lists provide information. The DWL‐x600AP
does not have any control over the APs on the list and cannot apply any security policies
to APs detected through the RF scan.
Shows the MAC address of the neighboring AP.
The Radio field indicates which radio detected the neighboring AP:
• wlan0 (Radio One)
• wlan1 (Radio Two)
Shows the Beacon interval being used by this AP.
Beacon frames are transmitted by an AP at regular intervals to announce the existence of
the wireless network. The default behavior is to send a beacon frame once every 100
milliseconds (or 10 per second).
The Beacon Interval is set on the Radio page.(See “Modifying Radio Settings” on page 58.)
Indicates the type of device:
• AP indicates the neighboring device is an AP that supports the IEEE 802.11 Wireless
Networking Framework in Infrastructure Mode.
• Ad hoc indicates a neighboring station running in Ad hoc Mode. Stations set to ad hoc
mode communicate with each other directly, without the use of a traditional AP. Ad‐
hoc mode is an IEEE 802.11 Wireless Networking Framework also referred to as peer‐
to‐peer mode or an Independent Basic Service Set (IBSS).
The Service Set Identifier (SSID) for the AP.
The SSID is an alphanumeric string of up to 32 characters that uniquely identifies a wireless
local area network. It is also referred to as the Network Name.
The SSID is set on the VAP page. (See “Configuring Load Balancing” on page 88.)
Indicates whether there is any security on the neighboring device.
• Off indicates that the Security mode on the neighboring device is set to None (no
security).
• On indicates that the neighboring device has some security in place.
Security is configured on the AP from the VAP page.
Indicates whether WPA security is on or off for this AP.
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Table 12: Rogue AP Detection (Cont.)
Field
Description
Band
This indicates the IEEE 802.11 mode being used on this AP. (For example, IEEE 802.11a,
IEEE 802.11b, IEEE 802.11g.)
The number shown indicates the mode according to the following map:
• 2.4 indicates IEEE 802.11b, 802.11g, or 802.11n mode (or a combination of the modes)
• 5 indicates IEEE 802.11a or 802.11n mode (or both modes)
Shows the Channel on which the AP is currently broadcasting.
The channel defines the portion of the radio spectrum that the radio uses for transmitting
and receiving.
The channel is set in Radio Settings. (See “Modifying Radio Settings” on page 58.)
Shows the rate (in megabits per second) at which this AP is currently transmitting.
The current rate will always be one of the rates shown in Supported Rates.
Indicates the strength of the radio signal emitting from this AP. If you hover the mouse
pointer over the bars, a number appears and shows the strength in decibels (dB).
Shows the total number of beacons received from this AP since it was first discovered.
Shows the date and time of the last beacon received from this AP.
Shows supported and basic (advertised) rate sets for the neighboring AP. Rates are shown
in megabits per second (Mbps).
All Supported Rates are listed, with Basic Rates shown in bold.
Rate sets are configured on the Radio Settings page. (See “Modifying Radio Settings” on
page 58.)
Channel
Rate
Signal
Beacons
Last Beacon
Rates
Known AP List
Action
MAC
Radio
Type
SSID
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An AP can appear in the Known AP List if it has been moved from the Detected Rogue AP
List by clicking the Grant button or if the MAC address of the AP appears in an AP list that
has been imported.
To move the AP from the Known AP List to the Detected Rogue AP List, click Delete.
Note: The Detected Rouge AP and Known AP lists provide information. The DWL‐x600AP
does not have any control over the APs on the list and cannot apply any security policies
to APs detected through the RF scan.
Shows the MAC address of the neighboring AP.
The Radio field indicates which radio detected the neighboring AP:
• wlan0 (Radio One)
• wlan1 (Radio Two)
Indicates the type of device:
• AP indicates the neighboring device is an AP that supports the IEEE 802.11 Wireless
Networking Framework in Infrastructure Mode.
• Ad hoc indicates a neighboring station running in Ad hoc Mode. Stations set to ad hoc
mode communicate with each other directly, without the use of a traditional AP. Ad‐
hoc mode is an IEEE 802.11 Wireless Networking Framework also referred to as peer‐
to‐peer mode or an Independent Basic Service Set (IBSS).
The Service Set Identifier (SSID) for the AP.
The SSID is an alphanumeric string of up to 32 characters that uniquely identifies a wireless
local area network. It is also referred to as the Network Name.
The SSID is set on the VAP page. (See “Configuring Load Balancing” on page 88.)
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Table 12: Rogue AP Detection (Cont.)
Field
Description
Privacy
Indicates whether there is any security on the neighboring device.
• Off indicates that the Security mode on the neighboring device is set to None (no
security).
• On indicates that the neighboring device has some security in place.
Security is configured on the AP from the VAP page.
This indicates the IEEE 802.11 mode being used on this AP. (For example, IEEE 802.11a,
IEEE 802.11b, IEEE 802.11g.)
The number shown indicates the mode according to the following map:
• 2.4 indicates IEEE 802.11b, 802.11g, or 802.11n mode (or a combination of the modes)
• 5 indicates IEEE 802.11a or 802.11n mode (or both modes)
Shows the Channel on which the AP is currently broadcasting.
The channel defines the portion of the radio spectrum that the radio uses for transmitting
and receiving.
The channel is set in Radio Settings. (See “Modifying Radio Settings” on page 58.)
Band
Channel
Saving and Importing the Known AP List
To save the Known AP list to a file, click Save. The list contains the MAC addresses of all AP that have been
added to the Known AP List. By default, the filename is Rogue1.cfg. You can use a text editor or Web browser
to open the file and view its contents.
Use the Import feature to import a list of Known APs from a saved list. The list might be from another DWL‐
x600AP or created from a text file. If the MAC address of an AP appears in the Known AP List, it will not be
detected as a rogue.
To import an AP List from a file, use the following steps:
1. Choose whether to replace the existing Known AP list or add the entries in the imported file to the Known
AP list.
• Select the Replace option to import the list and replace the contents of the Known AP List.
• Select the Merge option to import the list and add the APs in the imported file to the APs currently
displayed in the Known AP List.
2. Click Browse and choose the file to import.
The file you import must be a plain‐text file with a .txt or .cfg extension. Entries in the file are MAC
addresses in hexidecimal format with each octet separated by colons, for example 00:11:22:33:44:55.
Separate entries with a single space. For the AP to accept the file, it must contain only MAC addresses.
3. Click Import.
Once the import is complete, the screen refreshes and the MAC addresses of the APs in the imported file
appear in the Known AP List.
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Viewing Managed AP DHCP Information
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Viewing Managed AP DHCP Information
The UAP can learn about D‐Link Unified Wireless Switches on the network through DHCP responses to its initial
DHCP request. The Managed AP DHCP page displays the DNS names or IP addresses of up to four D‐Link Unified
Wireless Switches that the AP learned about from a DHCP server on your network.
For information about how to configure a DHCP server to respond to AP DHCP requests with the switch IP
address information, see the User Manual for the switch.
Viewing TSPEC Status and Statistics Information
The TSPEC Status and Statistics page provides:
• Summary information about TSPEC sessions by radio
• Summary information about TSPEC sessions by VAP
• Real‐time transmit and receive statistics for the TSPEC VAPs on all radio interfaces.
All of the transmit and receive statistics shown are totals since the AP was last started. If you reboot the AP,
these figures indicate transmit and receive totals since the reboot.
To view TSPEC status and statistics, click the TSPEC Status and Statistics tab.
Figure 10: Viewing TSPEC Status and Statistics
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Viewing TSPEC Status and Statistics Information
Table 13 describes the information provided on TSPEC Status and Statistics page.
Table 13: TSPEC Status and Statistics
Field
Description
AP and VAP Status
Interface
Access Category
Status
Active TS
TS Clients
Medium Time
Admitted
Medium Time
Unallocated
Indicates the name of the Radio or VAP interface.
Indicates Current Access Category associated with this Traffic Stream (voice or video).
Indicates whether the TSPEC session is enabled (up) or not (down) for the corresponding
Access Category.
Note: This is a configuration status (does not necessarily represent the current session
activity).
Indicates the number of currently active TSPEC Traffic Streams for this radio and Access
Category.
Indicates the number of Traffic Stream clients associated with this radio and Access
Category.
Time (in 32 microsecond per second units) allocated for this Access Category over the
transmission medium to carry data. This value should be less than or equal to the
maximum bandwidth allowed over the medium for this TS.
Time (in 32 microsecond per second units) of unused bandwidth for this Access
Category.
Transmit and Receive Statistics
Total Packets
Indicates the total number of TS packets sent (in Transmit table) or received (in Received
table) by this Radio for the specified Access Category.
Total Bytes
Indicates the total number of TS bytes sent (in Transmit table) or received (in Received
table) by this Radio for the specified Access Category.
Total Voice Packets Indicates the total number of TS voice packets sent (in Transmit table) or received (in
Received table) by this AP for this VAP.
Total Voice Bytes
Indicates the total TS voice bytes sent (in Transmit table) or received (in Received table)
by this AP for this VAP.
Total Video Packets Indicates the total number of TS video packets sent (in Transmit table) or received (in
Received table) by this AP for this VAP.
Total Video Bytes Indicates the total TS video bytes sent (in Transmit table) or received (in Received table)
by this AP for this VAP.
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Viewing TSPEC AP Statistics Information
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Viewing TSPEC AP Statistics Information
The View TSPEC AP Statistics page provides information on the voice and video Traffic Streams accepted and
rejected by the AP.
To view TSPEC AP statistics, click the TSPEC AP Statistics tab.
Table 14 describes the information provided on TSPEC AP Statistics page.
Table 14: TSPEC AP Statistics
Field
Description
TSPEC Statistics Summary for
Voice ACM
TSPEC Statistics Summary for
Video ACM
Indicates the total number of accepted and the total number of rejected
voice Traffic Streams.
Indicates the total number of accepted and the total number of rejected
video Traffic Streams.
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Viewing Radio Statistics Information
Unified Access Point Administrator’s Guide
Viewing Radio Statistics Information
The Radio Statistics page provides detailed information about the packets and bytes transmitted and received
on the radio interface of this access point.
Figure 11: Radio Statistics
The following table describes details about the Radio Statistics information.
Table 15: Radio Statistics Information
Field
Description
Radio
Choose either radio 1 or radio 2 to view statistics for the selected radio
(DWL‐8600AP and DWL‐6600AP only).
WLAN Packets Received Total packets received by the AP on this radio interface.
WLAN Bytes Received
Total bytes received by the AP on this radio interface.
WLAN Packets
Total packets transmitted by the AP on this radio interface.
Transmitted
WLAN Bytes Transmitted Total bytes transmitted by the AP on this radio interface.
WLAN Packets Receive Number of packets received by the AP on this radio interface that were dropped.
Dropped
WLAN Bytes Receive
Number of bytes received by the AP on this radio interface that were dropped.
Dropped
WLAN Packets Transmit Number of packets transmitted by the AP on this radio interface that were
Dropped
dropped.
WLAN Bytes Transmit
Number of bytes transmitted by the AP on this radio interface that were dropped.
Dropped
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Viewing Radio Statistics Information
Table 15: Radio Statistics Information (Cont.)
Field
Description
Fragments Received
Fragments Transmitted
Count of successfully received MPDU frames of type data or management.
Number of transmitted MPDU with an individual address or an MPDU with a
multicast address of type Data or Management.
Count of MSDU frames received with the multicast bit set in the destination MAC
address.
Count of successfully transmitted MSDU frames where the multicast bit is set in the
destination MAC address.
Number of times a frame is received and the Sequence Control field indicates is a
duplicate.
Number of times an MSDU is not transmitted successfully due to transmit attempts
exceeding either the short retry limit or the long retry limit.
Number of times an MSDU is successfully transmitted after one or more retries.
Number of times an MSDU is successfully transmitted after more than one retry.
Count of CTS frames received in response to an RTS frame.
Count of CTS frames not received in response to an RTS frame.
Count of ACK frames not received when expected.
Count of FCS errors detected in a received MPDU frame.
Count of each successfully transmitted MSDU.
Count of encrypted frames received and the key configuration of the transmitter
indicates that the frame should not have been encrypted or that frame was
discarded due to the receiving station not implementing the privacy option.
Multicast Frames
Received
Multicast Frames
Transmitted
Duplicate Frame Count
Failed Transmit Count
Transmit Retry Count
Multiple Retry Count
RTS Success Count
RTS Failure Count
ACK Failure Count
FCS Error Count
Frames Transmitted
WEP Undecryptable
Count
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Viewing Email Alert Operational Status
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Viewing Email Alert Operational Status
The Email Alert Operational Status page provides information about the email alerts sent based on the syslog
messages generated in the AP.
To view the Email Alert Operational Status, click the Status > Email Alert Status tab.
To configure the email alerts, see “Configuring Email Alert” on page 106
Figure 12: Email Alert Operational Status
The following table describes details about the Email Alert Operational Status.
Table 16: Email Alert Status
Field
Description
Email Alert Status
The Email Alert operational status The status is either Up or Down. The default is
Down.
The total number of email sent so far. The range is an unsigned integer of 32 bits.
The default is 0.
The total number of email failures so far. The range is an unsigned integer of 32
bits. The default is 0.
The time since the last email was sent. Time format is used. The default is 00 days
00 hours 00 mins 00 secs.
Number of Email Sent
Number of Email Failed
Time Since Last Email
Sent
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Unified Access Point Administrator’s Guide
Managing the Access Point
Section 4: Managing the Access Point
This section describes how to manage the UAP and contains the following subsections:
• “Ethernet Settings”
• “Wireless Settings”
• “Modifying Radio Settings”
• “Configuring Radio and VAP Scheduler”
• “Scheduler Association Settings”
• “Virtual Access Point Settings”
• “Configuring the Wireless Distribution System (WDS)”
• “Controlling Access by MAC Authentication”
• “Configuring Load Balancing”
• “Managed Access Point Overview”
• “Configuring 802.1X Authentication”
• “Creating a Management Access Control List”
The configuration pages for the features in this section are located under the Manage heading on the
Administration Web UI.
Note: The web‐based UI images in this section show the DWL‐8600AP administration pages. Pages
for the DWL‐3600AP display information for one radio only.
Ethernet Settings
The default wired interface settings, which include DHCP and VLAN information, might not work for all
networks.
By default, the DHCP client on the UAP automatically broadcasts requests for network information. If you want
to use a static IP address, you must disable the DHCP client and manually configure the IP address and other
network information.
The management VLAN is VLAN 1 by default. This VLAN is also the default untagged VLAN. If you already have
a management VLAN configured on your network with a different VLAN ID, you must change the VLAN ID of
the management VLAN on the AP.
To configure the LAN settings, click the Ethernet Settings tab.
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Ethernet Settings
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Figure 13: Ethernet Settings
The following table describes the fields to view or configure on the Ethernet Settings page.
Table 17: Ethernet Settings Page
Field
Description
Hostname
Enter a hostname for the AP. The hostname appears in the CLI prompt.
The hostname has the following requirements:
• The length must be between 1 – 63 characters.
• Upper and lower case characters, numbers, and hyphens are accepted.
• The first character must be a letter (a – z or A – Z), and the last character cannot be a
hyphen.
MAC Address
Shows the MAC address for the LAN interface for the Ethernet port on this AP. This is a
read‐only field that you cannot change.
Management VLAN The management VLAN is the VLAN associated with the IP address you use to access the
ID
AP. The default management VLAN ID is 1.
Provide a number between 1 and 4094 for the management VLAN ID.
Untagged VLAN
If you disable the untagged VLAN, all traffic is tagged with a VLAN ID.
By default all traffic on the UAP uses VLAN 1, which is the default untagged VLAN. This
means that all traffic is untagged until you disable the untagged VLAN, change the
untagged traffic VLAN ID, or change the VLAN ID for a VAP or client using RADIUS.
Untagged VLAN ID Provide a number between 1 and 4094 for the untagged VLAN ID. Traffic on the VLAN
that you specify in this field will not be tagged with a VLAN ID.
Connection Type
If you select DHCP, the UAP acquires its IP address, subnet mask, DNS, and gateway
information from a DHCP server.
If you select Static IP, you must enter information in the Static IP Address, Subnet Mask,
and Default Gateway fields.
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Table 17: Ethernet Settings Page (Cont.)
Field
Description
Static IP Address
Enter the static IP address in the text boxes. This field is disabled if you use DHCP as the
connection type.
Subnet Mask
Enter the Subnet Mask in the text boxes.
Default Gateway
Enter the Default Gateway in the text boxes.
DNS Nameservers Select the mode for the DNS.
In Dynamic mode, the IP addresses for the DNS servers are assigned automatically via
DHCP. This option is only available if you specified DHCP for the Connection Type.
In Manual mode, you must assign static IP addresses to resolve domain names.
IPv6 Admin Mode Enable or disable IPv6 management access to the AP
IPv6 Auto Config
Enable or disable IPv6 auto address configuration on the AP.
Admin Mode
When IPv6 Auto Config Mode is enabled, automatic IPv6 address configuration and
gateway configuration is allowed by processing the Router Advertisements received on
the LAN port. The AP can have multiple auto configured IPv6 addresses.
Static IPv6 Address Enter a static IPv6 address. The AP can have a static IPv6 address even if addresses have
already been configured automatically.
Static IPv6 Address Enter the static IPv6 prefix length, which is an integer in the range of 0 – 128.
Prefix Length
IPv6
If the AP has been assigned one or more IPv6 addresses automatically, the addresses are
Autoconfigured
listed.
Global Addresses
IPv6 Link Local
Shows the IPv6 Link Local address, which is the IPv6 address used by the local physical
Address
link. The link local address is not configurable and is assigned by using the IPv6 Neighbor
Discovery process.
Default IPv6
Enter the default IPv6 gateway.
Gateway
Note: After you configure the wired settings, you must click Apply to apply the changes and to save
the settings. Changing some settings might cause the AP to stop and restart system processes. If this
happens, wireless clients will temporarily lose connectivity. We recommend that you change AP
settings when WLAN traffic is low.
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Wireless Settings
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Wireless Settings
Wireless settings describe aspects of the local area network (LAN) related specifically to the radio device in the
access point (802.11 Mode and Channel) and to the network interface to the access point (MAC address for
access point and Wireless Network name, also known as SSID).
To configure the wireless interface, click the Manage > Wireless Settings tab.
Figure 14: Wireless Interface Configuration
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Wireless Settings
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Table 18 describes the fields and configuration options available on the Wireless Settings page.
Table 18: Wireless Settings
Field
Description
TSPEC Violation
Interval
Specify the time interval (in seconds) for the AP to report (through the system log and
SNMP traps) associated clients that do not adhere to mandatory admission control
procedures.
Specify whether you want the radio interface on or off.
Indicates the Media Access Control (MAC) addresses for the interface. Dual‐radio APs have
a unique MAC address for each radio.
A MAC address is a permanent, unique hardware address for any device that represents
an interface to the network. The MAC address is assigned by the manufacturer. You cannot
change the MAC address. It is provided here for informational purposes as a unique
identifier for an interface.
The Mode defines the Physical Layer (PHY) standard the radio uses.
Select one of the following modes for radio 1 (DWL‐6600AP and DWL‐8600AP only):
• IEEE 802.11a is a PHY standard that specifies operating in the 5 GHz U‐NII band using
orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM). It supports data rates ranging
from 6 to 54 Mbps.
• IEEE 802.11a/n operates in the 5 GHz ISM band and includes support for both 802.11a
and 802.11n devices. IEEE 802.11n is an extension of the 802.11 standard that includes
multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) technology. IEEE 802.11n supports data ranges
of up to 248 Mbps and nearly twice the indoor range of 802.11 b, 802.11g, and
802.11a.
• 5 GHz IEEE 802.11n is the recommended mode for networks with 802.11n devices that
operate in the 5 GHz frequency that do not need to support 802.11a devices. IEEE
802.11n can achieve a higher throughput when it does not need to be compatible with
legacy devices (802.11a).
Select one of the following modes for radio 2:
• IEEE 802.11b/g operates in the 2.4 GHz ISM band. IEEE 802.11b is an enhancement of
the initial 802.11 PHY to include 5.5 Mbps and 11 Mbps data rates. It uses direct
sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) or frequency hopping spread spectrum (FHSS) as
well as complementary code keying (CCK) to provide the higher data rates. It supports
data rates ranging from 1 to 11 Mbps. IEEE 802.11g is a higher speed extension (up to
54 Mbps) to the 802.11b PHY. It uses orthogonal frequency division multiplexing
(OFDM). It supports data rates ranging from 1 to 54 Mbps.
• IEEE 802.11b/g/n operates in the 2.4 GHz ISM band and includes support for 802.11b,
802.11g, and 802.11n devices.
• 2.4 GHz IEEE 802.11n is the recommended mode for networks with 802.11n devices
that operate in the 2.4 GHz frequency that do not need to support 802.11b/g devices.
IEEE 802.11n can achieve a higher throughput when it does not need to be compatible
with legacy devices (802.11b/g).
Radio Interface
MAC Address
Mode
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Table 18: Wireless Settings (Cont.)
Field
Description
Channel
Select the Channel.
The range of available channels is determined by the mode of the radio interface
. If you select Auto for the channel setting, the AP scans available channels.and.selects
a channel where no traffic is detected.
The Channel defines the portion of the radio spectrum the radio uses for transmitting and
receiving. Each mode offers a number of channels, depending on how the spectrum is
licensed by national and transnational authorities such as the Federal Communications
Commission (FCC) or the International Telecommunication Union (ITU‐R).
When automatic channel assignment is enabled on the Channel Management page for
Clustering, the channel policy for the radio is automatically set to static mode, and the
Auto option is not available for the Channel field. This allows the automatic channel
feature to set the channels for the radios in the cluster.
To enable Station Isolation, select the check box directly beside it.
When Station Isolation is disabled, wireless clients can communicate with one another
normally by sending traffic through the AP.
When Station Isolation is enabled, the AP blocks communication between wireless clients
on the same radio and VAP. The AP still allows data traffic between its wireless clients and
wired devices on the network, across a WDS link, and with other wireless clients
associated with a different VAP, but not among wireless clients associated with the same
VAP.
Note: On dual‐radio APs, Station Isolation does not block communication between Radio 1
and Radio 2, even if the VAP configuration on each radio is the same.
AeroScout Engine support provides location‐based services for wireless networks. Specify
whether to enable support for the AeroScout protocol.
Options are Enabled or Disabled. The default is Disabled. When enabled, Aeroscout
devices are recognized and data is sent to an Aeroscout Engine (AE) for analysis. The AE
determines the geographical location of 802.11‐capable devices, such as STAs, APs, and
AeroScout’s line of 802.11‐enabled RFID devices, or tags. The AE communicates with APs
that support the AE protocol in order to collect information about the RF devices detected
by the APs. Using the AE protocol, D‐Link supports direct communication between AE and
the APs. When operating in managed mode, the AE is configured with the IP address of the
managed access points from which it collects information. The Wireless Switch cannot
communicate with the AE.
For more information about the AeroScout protocol, see “Enabling AeroScout™ Engine
Support” on page 57.
Note: Only AeroScout tag hardware of types T2 and T3 are explicitly supported. Other tag
models are also supported only if their implementation of the AeroScout protocol
conforms to the AeroScout Engine ‐ Access Point Interface Specification, version 2.1.
Note: AeroScout tags operate only in 802.11 b/g mode. Therefore, network administrators
who use the AeroScout tags must configure at least one radio on APs that are expected to
detect tags in either 802.11b/g or 802.11b/g/n mode. The radios configured in 2.4 GHz
IEEE 802.11 mode or any of the 5GHZ modes cannot detect AeroScout tags.
Note: The AE protocol allows access points to mark detected APs as rogue devices. The D‐
Link APs do not support this feature and never report detected APs as rogues.
Station Isolation
AeroScout™
Engine Protocol
Support
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Wireless Settings
Note: After you configure the wireless settings, you must click Apply to apply the changes and to save
the settings. Changing some settings might cause the AP to stop and restart system processes. If this
happens, wireless clients will temporarily lose connectivity. We recommend that you change AP
settings when WLAN traffic is low.
Using the 802.11h Wireless Mode
For 802.11a radios, if the regulatory domain requires radar detection on the channel, the Dynamic Frequency
Selection (DFS) and Transmit Power Control (TPC) features of 802.11h are automatically activated.
There are a number of key points about the IEEE 802.11h standard:
• 802.11h only works for the 802.11a band. It is not required for 802.11b or 802.11g.
• If you are operating in an 802.11h enabled domain, the AP attempts to use the channel you assign. If the
channel has been blocked by a previous radar detection, or if the AP detects a radar on the channel, then
the AP automatically selects a different channel.
• When 802.11h is enabled, the AP will not be operational in the 5GHz band for at least 60 seconds due to
radar scanning.
• Setting up WDS links may be difficult when 802.11h is operational. This is because the operating channels
of the two APs on the WDS link may keep changing depending on channel usage and radar interference.
WDS will only work if both the APs operate on the same channel. For more information on WDS, see
“Configuring Load Balancing” on page 88.
Enabling AeroScout™ Engine Support
The AeroScout Engine (AE) is a software platform produced by AeroScout Inc. for location‐based services. The
AE can determine the physical location of 802.11‐capable AeroScout devices. The AE communicates with APs
that have the AE protocol enabled in order to collect information about the RF devices detected by the APs.
The DWS‐4000 Series switch supports only direct communication between the AE and the APs. When
operating in managed mode, the AE is configured with the IP address of the managed access points from which
it collects information. The DWS‐4000 Series switch does not communicate with the AE.
AeroScout tags operate only in 802.11b/g mode. Therefore, network administrators who use the AeroScout
tags must configure at least one radio on APs that are expected to detect tags in either 802.11b/g or
802.11b/g/n mode. The radios configured in 2.4 GHz IEEE 802.11n mode or any of the 5 GHz modes cannot
detect AeroScout tags.
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Note: The following notes apply to AeroScout product and protocol support:
• D‐Link does not sell AeroScout products. Contact AeroScout for AeroScout hardware, software or
deployment information.
• The AE protocol does not support any authentication or encryption between the AE server and
the access point.
• The AE protocol requires radios to operate in promiscuous mode. This means that the AP receives
and processes all packets detected by the radios, as opposed to processing only packets destined
to the APs BSSID. This can affect AP throughput.
Modifying Radio Settings
Radio settings directly control the behavior of the radio devices in the AP and its interaction with the physical
medium; that is, how and what type of electromagnetic waves the AP emits.
To specify radio settings, click the Radio tab in the Manage section.
Different settings display depending on the mode you select. All settings are described in Table 19 on page 60.
Figure 15: Configuring Radio Settings
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Figure 16: Configuring Radio Settings (Continued)
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Table 19 describes the fields and configuration options for the Radio Settings page.
Note: The DWL‐3600AP supports only one radio, and it operates in the 2.4 GHz band (802.11b/g/n).
Some fields in the following table are not available for the DWL‐3600AP.
Table 19: Radio Settings
Field
Description
Radio
Select Radio 1or Radio 2 to specify which radio to configure. The rest of the settings on
this page apply to the radio you select in this field. Be sure to configure settings for both
radios.
Radio 1 operates in the 5 GHz band (802.11a/n), and Radio 2 operates in the 2.4 GHz
band (802.11b/g/n).
Specify whether you want the radio on or off by clicking On or Off.
If you turn off a radio, the AP sends disassociation frames to all the wireless clients it is
currently supporting so that the radio can be gracefully shutdown and the clients can
start the association process with other available APs.
The Mode defines the Physical Layer (PHY) standard the radio uses.
Note: The modes available depend on the radio selected.
Select one of the following modes for radio 1 (DWL‐6600AP and DWL‐8600AP only):
• IEEE 802.11a is a PHY standard that specifies operating in the 5 GHz U‐NII band using
orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM). It supports data rates ranging
from 6 to 54 Mbps.
• IEEE 802.11a/n operates in the 5 GHz ISM band and includes support for both
802.11a and 802.11n devices. IEEE 802.11n is an extension of the 802.11 standard
that includes multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) technology. IEEE 802.11n
supports data ranges of up to 248 Mbps and nearly twice the indoor range of 802.11
b, 802.11g, and 802.11a.
• 5 GHz IEEE 802.11n is the recommended mode for networks with 802.11n devices
that operate in the 5 GHz frequency that do not need to support 802.11a devices.
IEEE 802.11n can achieve a higher throughput when it does not need to be
compatible with legacy devices (802.11a).
Select one of the following modes for radio 2:
• IEEE 802.11b/g operates in the 2.4 GHz ISM band. IEEE 802.11b is an enhancement
of the initial 802.11 PHY to include 5.5 Mbps and 11 Mbps data rates. It uses direct
sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) or frequency hopping spread spectrum (FHSS) as
well as complementary code keying (CCK) to provide the higher data rates. It supports
data rates ranging from 1 to 11 Mbps. IEEE 802.11g is a higher speed extension (up
to 54 Mbps) to the 802.11b PHY. It uses orthogonal frequency division multiplexing
(OFDM). It supports data rates ranging from 1 to 54 Mbps.
• IEEE 802.11b/g/n operates in the 2.4 GHz ISM band and includes support for
802.11b, 802.11g, and 802.11n devices.
• 2.4 GHz IEEE 802.11n is the recommended mode for networks with 802.11n devices
that operate in the 2.4 GHz frequency that do not need to support 802.11b/g devices.
IEEE 802.11n can achieve a higher throughput when it does not need to be
compatible with legacy devices (802.11b/g).
Status (On/Off)
Mode
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Table 19: Radio Settings (Cont.)
Field
Description
Channel
Select the Channel.
The range of available channels is determined by the mode of the radio interface.
If you select Auto for the channel setting, the AP scans available hannels.and selects a
channel where no traffic is detected.
The channel defines the portion of the radio spectrum the radio uses for transmitting and
receiving. Each mode offers a number of channels, depending on how the spectrum is
licensed by national and transnational authorities such as the Federal Communications
Commission (FCC) or the International Telecommunication Union (ITU‐R).
When automatic channel assignment is enabled on the Channel Management page for
Clustering, the channel policy for the radio is automatically set to static mode, and the
Auto option is not available for the Channel field. This allows the automatic channel
feature to set the channels for the radios in the cluster.
Channel Bandwidth The 802.11n specification allows a 40‐MHz‐wide channel in addition to the legacy 20‐
MHz channel available with other modes. The 40‐MHz channel enables higher data rates
(802.11n modes
but leaves fewer channels available for use by other 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz devices.
only)
Set the field to 20‐MHz to restrict the use of the channel bandwidth to a 20‐MHz
channel.
This setting can be changed only when the channel bandwidth is set to 40 MHz. A 40‐
Primary Channel
(802.11n modes
MHz channel can be considered to consist of two 20‐MHz channels that are contiguous
only)
in the frequency domain. These two 20‐MHz channels are often referred to as the
Primary and Secondary channels. The Primary Channel is used for 802.11n clients that
support only a 20‐MHz channel bandwidth and for legacy clients.
Select one of the following options:
• Upper — Set the Primary Channel as the upper 20‐MHz channel in the 40‐MHz band.
• Lower — Set the Primary Channel as the lower 20‐MHz channel in the 40‐MHz band.
Short Guard
This field is available only if the selected radio mode includes 802.11n.
Interval Supported The guard interval is the dead time, in nanoseconds, between OFDM symbols. The guard
interval prevents Inter‐Symbol and Inter‐Carrier Interference (ISI, ICI). The 802.11n mode
allows for a reduction in this guard interval from the a and g definition of 800
nanoseconds to 400 nanoseconds. Reducing the guard interval can yield a 10%
improvement in data throughput.
Select one of the following options:
• Yes — The AP transmits data using a 400 ns guard Interval when communicating with
clients that also support the short guard interval.
• No — The AP transmits data using an 800 ns guard interval.
STBC Mode
This field is available only if the selected radio mode includes 802.11n.
Space Time Block Coding (STBC) is an 802.11n technique intended to improve the
reliability of data transmissions. The data stream is transmitted on multiple antennas so
the receiving system has a better chance of detecting at least one of the data streams.
Select one of the following options:
• On — The AP transmits the same data stream on multiple antennas at the same time.
• Off — The AP does not transmits the same data on multiple antennas.
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Table 19: Radio Settings (Cont.)
Field
Description
Protection
The protection feature contains rules to guarantee that 802.11n transmissions do not
cause interference with legacy stations or APs. By default, these protection mechanisms
are enabled (Auto). With protection enabled, protection mechanisms will be invoked if
legacy devices are within range of the AP. This causes more overhead on every
transmission, which will impact performance. However, there is no impact on
performance if there are no legacy devices within range of the AP.
You can disable (Off) these protection mechanisms; however, when 802.11n protection
is off, legacy clients or APs within range can be affected by 802.11n transmissions. The
802.11 protection feature is also available when the mode is 802.11b/g. When
protection is enabled in this mode, it protects 802.11b clients and APs from 802.11g
transmissions.
Note: This setting does not affect the ability of the client to associate with the AP.
Beacon frames are transmitted by an AP at regular intervals to announce the existence
of the wireless network. The default behavior is to send a beacon frame once every 100
milliseconds (or 10 per second).
Enter a value from 20 to 2000 milliseconds.
Specify a DTIM period from 1 to 255 beacons.
The Delivery Traffic Information Map (DTIM) message is an element included in some
Beacon frames. It indicates which client stations, currently sleeping in low‐power mode,
have data buffered on the AP awaiting pick‐up.
The DTIM period you specify indicates how often the clients served by this AP should
check for buffered data still on the AP awaiting pickup.
The measurement is in beacons. For example, if you set this field to 1, clients will check
for buffered data on the AP at every beacon. If you set this field to 10, clients will check
on every 10th beacon.
Specify a number between 256 and 2,346 to set the frame size threshold in bytes.
The fragmentation threshold is a way of limiting the size of packets (frames) transmitted
over the network. If a packet exceeds the fragmentation threshold you set, the
fragmentation function is activated and the packet is sent as multiple 802.11 frames.
If the packet being transmitted is equal to or less than the threshold, fragmentation is not
used.
Setting the threshold to the largest value (2,346 bytes) effectively disables
fragmentation. Fragmentation plays no role when Aggregation is enabled.
Fragmentation involves more overhead both because of the extra work of dividing up
and reassembling of frames it requires, and because it increases message traffic on the
network. However, fragmentation can help improve network performance and reliability
if properly configured.
Sending smaller frames (by using lower fragmentation threshold) might help with some
interference problems; for example, with microwave ovens.
By default, fragmentation is off. We recommend not using fragmentation unless you
suspect radio interference. The additional headers applied to each fragment increase the
overhead on the network and can greatly reduce throughput.
Beacon Interval
DTIM Period
Fragmentation
Threshold
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Table 19: Radio Settings (Cont.)
Field
Description
RTS Threshold
Specify a Request to Send (RTS) Threshold value between 0 and 2347.
The RTS threshold indicates the number of octets in an MPDU, below which an RTS/CTS
handshake is not performed.
Changing the RTS threshold can help control traffic flow through the AP, especially one
with a lot of clients. If you specify a low threshold value, RTS packets will be sent more
frequently. This will consume more bandwidth and reduce the throughput of the packet.
On the other hand, sending more RTS packets can help the network recover from
interference or collisions which might occur on a busy network, or on a network
experiencing electromagnetic interference.
Maximum Stations Specify the maximum number of stations allowed to access this AP at any one time.
You can enter a value between 0 and 200.
Transmit Power
Enter a percentage value for the transmit power level for this AP.
The default value, which is 100%, can be more cost‐efficient than a lower percentage
since it gives the AP a maximum broadcast range and reduces the number of APs needed.
To increase capacity of the network, place APs closer together and reduce the value of
the transmit power. This helps reduce overlap and interference among APs. A lower
transmit power setting can also keep your network more secure because weaker wireless
signals are less likely to propagate outside of the physical location of your network.
Fixed Multicast
Select the multicast traffic transmission rate you want the AP to support.
Rate
Legacy Rate Sets
Check the transmission rate sets you want the AP to support and the basic rate sets you
want the AP to advertise:
• Rates are expressed in megabits per second.
• Supported Rate Sets indicate rates that the AP supports. You can check multiple rates
(click a check box to select or de‐select a rate). The AP will automatically choose the
most efficient rate based on factors like error rates and distance of client stations
from the AP.
• Basic Rate Sets indicate rates that the AP will advertise to the network for the
purposes of setting up communication with other APs and client stations on the
network. It is generally more efficient to have an AP broadcast a subset of its
supported rate sets.
MCS (Data Rate)
This field shows the Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS) index values supported by
Settings (802.11n the radio. Each index can be enabled and disabled independently.
modes only)
Broadcast/
Enabling multicast and broadcast rate limiting can improve overall network performance
Multicast Rate
by limiting the number of packets transmitted across the network.
Limiting
By default the Multicast/Broadcast Rate Limiting option is disabled. Until you enable
Multicast/Broadcast Rate Limiting, the following fields will be disabled.
Broadcast/
Enter the rate limit you want to set for multicast and broadcast traffic. The limit should
Multicast Rate Limit be greater than 1, but less than 50 packets per second. Any traffic that falls below this
rate limit will always conform and be transmitted to the appropriate destination.
The default and maximum rate limit setting is 50 packets per second.
Broadcast/
Setting a rate limit burst determines how much traffic bursts can be before all traffic
Multicast Rate Limit exceeds the rate limit. This burst limit allows intermittent bursts of traffic on a network
above the set rate limit.
Burst
The default and maximum rate limit burst setting is 75 packets per second.
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Table 19: Radio Settings (Cont.)
Field
Description
TSPEC Mode
Regulates the overall TSPEC mode on the AP. The options are:
• On — The AP handles TSPEC requests according to the TSPEC settings you configure
on the Radio page. Use this setting if the AP handles traffic from QoS‐capable
devices, such as a Wi‐Fi CERTIFIED phone.
• Off — The AP ignores TSPEC requests from client stations. Use this setting if you do
not want to use TSPEC to give QoS‐capable devices priority for time‐sensitive traffic.
TSPEC Voice ACM Regulates mandatory admission control (ACM) for the voice access category. The options
are:
Mode
• On — A station is required to send a TSPEC request for bandwidth to the AP before
sending or receiving a voice traffic stream. The AP responds with the result of the
request, which includes the allotted medium time if the TSPEC was admitted.
• Off — A station can send and receive voice priority traffic without requiring an
admitted TSPEC; the AP ignores voice TSPEC requests from client stations.
TSPEC Voice ACM Specify an upper limit on the amount of traffic the AP attempts to transmit on the
Limit
wireless medium using a voice AC to gain access.
TSPEC Video ACM Regulates mandatory admission control for the video access category. The options are:
Mode
• On — A station is required to send a TSPEC request for bandwidth to the AP before
sending or receiving a video traffic stream. The AP responds with the result of the
request, which includes the allotted medium time if the TSPEC was admitted.
• Off — A station can send and receive video priority traffic without requiring an
admitted TSPEC; the AP ignores video TSPEC requests from client stations.
TSPEC Video ACM Specify an upper limit on the amount of traffic the AP attempts to transmit on the
wireless medium using a video AC to gain access.
Limit
TSPEC AP Inactivity Specify the amount of time for an AP to detect an downlink TS as idle before deleting it.
Timeout
TSPEC Station
Specify the amount of time for an AP to detect an uplink TS as idle before deleting it.
Inactivity Timeout
TSPEC Legacy WMM Select Enable to allow intermixing of legacy traffic on queues operating as ACM.
Queue Map Mode
Use the Radio page to configure both Radio One and Radio Two. The settings on the page apply only to the
radio that you choose from the Radio drop‐down list. After you configure settings for one of the radios, click
Apply and then select and configure the other radio. Be sure to click Apply to apply the second set of
configuration settings for the other radio.
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Configuring Radio and VAP Scheduler
The Radio and VAP scheduler is a standalone DWL‐x600AP feature. To configure the Radio and VAP scheduler,
select the Scheduler tab in the Manage section. The Radio and VAP Scheduler allows you to configure a rule
with a specific time interval for VAPs or radios to be operational, thereby automating the enabling or disabling
of the VAPs and Radios.
One of the ways you can use this feature is to schedule radios to operate only during the office working hours
in order to achieve security and reduce power consumption. You can also use the Scheduler to allow access to
VAPs for wireless clients only during specific times of day.
Each rule specifies the start time, end time and day (or days) of the week the radio or VAP can be operational.
The rules are periodic in nature and are repeated every week.
A valid rule must contain all of the following parameters:
• Days of the Week
• Start Time (hour and minutes)
• End Time (hour and minutes)
Only valid rules are added to the profile. Up to 16 rules are grouped together to form a scheduling profile. Any
two periodic rules time entries belonging to the same profile must not overlap. The time granularity for the
schedules is one minute. The DWL‐x600AP supports up to 16 profiles.
Figure 17: Scheduler Configuration
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Table 20: Scheduler Configuration
Field
Description
Global Scheduler Mode A global switch to enable or disable the scheduler feature. The default is Disable.
Scheduler Operational Status
Status
Reason
Scheduler Profile
Rule Configuration
Select Profile
Set Schedule
Start Time
End Time
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The operational status of the Scheduler. The range is Up or Down. The default is
Down.
Provides additional information about the status. The reason can be one or more of
the following:
• IsActive – Operational status is up.
• ConfigDown – Operational status is down because global configuration is
disabled.
• TimeNotSet – Operational status is down because the AP time has not been set,
either manually or by specifying an NTP server to use.
• ManagedMode– Operational status is down because the AP is in managed
mode.
The Scheduler profile defines the list of profiles names that can be associated to the
VAP or Radio configuration. Rules are associated with a named scheduler profile. You
can define up to 16 scheduler profile names. By default, no profiles are created.
The profile name can be up to 32 alphanumeric characters. Click Add to add the
profile name.
Each scheduler profile may have up to 16 periodic rules. The list of parameters for
each periodic rule are described below.
Select the profile name from the menu.
The day of the week. Range is: Daily, Weekday (Monday to Friday), Weekend
(Saturday and Sunday), Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday,
Sunday. The default is Daily.
The time when the radio or VAP will be operationally enabled. The time is in HH:MM
24‐hour format. The range is <00‐24>:<00‐59>. The default is 00:00.
The time when the radio or VAP will be operationally disabled. The time is in HH:MM
24‐hour format. The range is <00‐24>:<00‐59>. The default is 00:00.
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To change an existing rule, select the rule, update the values in the Rule Configuration area, and click Modify
Rule.
Figure 18: Modify Rule Configuration
Click Apply to save the new configuration settings.
Note: After making any modifications, you must click Apply to apply the changes and to save the
settings.
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Scheduler Association Settings
For a Scheduler profile to take effect, you must associate it with at least one radio or VAP interface. To associate
the Scheduler profiles, select the Scheduler Association tab in the Manage section. By default, there are no
Scheduler profiles created, so no profile is associated to any radio or VAP. The Scheduler profile needs to be
explicitly associated to a radio or VAP configuration. Only one Scheduler profile can be associated to any radio
or VAP configuration; however, a single profile can be associated to multiple radios or VAPs. If the Scheduler
profile associated with a VAP or radio is deleted, then the associated profile to the VAP or radio is removed
implicitly. If the radio is operationally disabled, then all the VAPs associated to that radio are also operationally
disabled irrespective of the VAP configuration.
Figure 19: Scheduler Association
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Table 21: Scheduler Association Settings
Field
Description
Radio Scheduler Profile Operational Status
1 or 2
From the menu, select the Scheduler profile to associate with Radio 1 or Radio 2.
Note: The DWL‐3600AP supports only one radio.
The operational status of the Scheduler. The range is Up or Down.
Status
VAP Scheduler Profile Operational Status
Radio
From the menu, select Radio 1 or Radio 2 to associate the VAP Scheduler Profile.
Note: This field is not available on the DWL‐3600AP.
From the menu, select the Scheduler profile to associate with the respective VAP.
The operational status of the Scheduler. The range is Up or Down.
0‐15
Status
Note: After you associate a Scheduler profile with a Radio interface or a VAP interface, you must click
Apply to apply the changes and to save the settings.
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Virtual Access Point Settings
Virtual Access Point Settings
To change VAP 0 or to enable and configure additional VAPs, select the VAP tab in the Manage section.
VAPs segment the wireless LAN into multiple broadcast domains that are the wireless equivalent of Ethernet
VLANs. VAPs simulate multiple APs in one physical AP. Each radio supports up to 16 VAPs.
For each VAP, you can customize the security mode to control wireless client access. Each VAP can also have a
unique SSID. Multiple SSIDs make a single AP look like two or more APs to other systems on the network. By
configuring VAPs, you can maintain better control over broadcast and multicast traffic, which affects network
performance.
You can configure each VAP to use a different VLAN, or you can configure multiple VAPs to use the same VLAN,
whether the VLAN is on the same radio or on a different radio. VAP0, which is always enabled on both radios,
is assigned to the default VLAN 1.
The AP adds VLAN ID tags to wireless client traffic based on the VLAN ID you configure on the VAP page or by
using the RADIUS server assignment. If you use an external RADIUS server, you can configure multiple VLANs
on each VAP. The external RADIUS server assigns wireless clients to the VLAN when the clients associate and
authenticate.
You can configure up to four global IPv4 or IPv6 RADIUS servers. One of the servers always acts as a primary
while the others act as backup servers. The network type (IPv4 or IPv6) and accounting mode are common
across all configured RADIUS servers. You can configure each VAP to use the global RADIUS server settings,
which is the default, or you can configure a per‐VAP RADIUS server set. You can also configure separate RADIUS
server settings for each VAP. For example, you can configure one VAP to use an IPv6 RADIUS server while other
VAPs use the global IPv4 RADIUS server settings you configure.
If wireless clients use a security mode that does not communicate with the RAIDUS server, or if the RADIUS
server does not provide the VLAN information, you can assign a VLAN ID to each VAP. The AP assigns the VLAN
to all wireless clients that connect to the AP through that VAP.
Note: Before you configure VLANs on the AP, be sure to verify that the switch and DHCP server the AP
uses can support IEEE 802.1Q VLAN encapsulation.
To set up multiple VAPs, click Manage > VAP.
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Figure 20: Setting Up Virtual Access Points
Table 22 describes the fields and configuration options on the VAP page.
Table 22: Virtual Access Point Settings
Field
Description
RADIUS IP Address Specify the IP version that the RADIUS server uses.
Type
You can toggle between the address types to configure IPv4 and IPv6 global RADIUS
address settings, but the AP contacts only the RADIUS server or servers for the address
type you select in this field.
RADIUS IP Address Enter the IPv4 or IPv6 address for the primary global RADIUS server. By default, each VAP
uses the global RADIUS settings that you define for the AP at the top of the VAP page.
RADIUS IPv6
Address
When the first wireless client tries to authenticate with the AP, the AP sends an
authentication request to the primary server. If the primary server responds to the
authentication request, the AP continues to use this RADIUS server as the primary server,
and authentication requests are sent to the address you specify.
If the IPv4 RADIUS IP Address Type option is selected in the previous field, enter the IP
address of the RADIUS server that all VAPs use by default, for example 192.168.10.23. If
the IPv6 RADIUS IP Address Type option is selected, enter the IPv6 address of the primary
global RADIUS server, for example 2001:0db8:1234::abcd.
RADIUS IP or IPv6 Enter up to three IPv4 or IPv6 addresses to use as the backup RADIUS servers. The field
label is RADIUS IP Address when the IPv4 RADIUS IP Address Type option is selected and
Address 1 – 3
RADIUS IPv6 Address when the IPv6 RADIUS IP Address Type option is selected.
If authentication fails with the primary server, each configured backup server is tried in
sequence. The IPv4 or IPv6 address must be valid in order for the AP to attempt to
contact the server.
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Table 22: Virtual Access Point Settings (Cont.)
Field
Description
RADIUS Key
Enter the RADIUS key in the text box.
The RADIUS Key is the shared secret key for the global RADIUS server. You can use up to
63 standard alphanumeric and special characters. The key is case sensitive, and you must
configure the same key on the AP and on your RADIUS server. The text you enter will be
displayed as “*” characters to prevent others from seeing the RADIUS key as you type.
Enter the RADIUS key associated with the configured backup RADIUS servers. The server
at RADIUS IP Address‐1 uses RADIUS Key‐1, RADIUS IP Address‐2 uses RADIUS Key‐2, and
so on.
Select this option to track and measure the resources a particular user has consumed
such as system time, amount of data transmitted and received, and so on.
If you enable RADIUS accounting, it is enabled for the primary RADIUS server and all
backup servers.
Select this option to allow the secondary RADIUS server to authenticate wireless clients
if the authentication with the primary RADIUS server is unsuccessful, or if the primary
RADIUS server is unavailable.
Select the radio to configure. VAPs are configured independently on each radio.
Note: The DWL‐3600AP supports only one radio.
You can configure up to 16 VAPs for each radio. VAP0 is the physical radio interface, so to
disable VAP0, you must disable the radio.
You can enable or disable a configured network.
• To enable the specified network, select the Enabled option beside the appropriate
VAP.
• To disable the specified network, clear the Enabled option beside the appropriate
VAP.
If you disable the specified network, you will lose the VLAN ID you entered.
When a wireless client connects to the AP by using this VAP, the AP tags all traffic from
the wireless client with the VLAN ID you enter in this field unless you enter the untagged
VLAN ID or use a RADIUS server to assign a wireless client to a VLAN. The range for the
VLAN ID is 1 – 4094.
If you use RADIUS‐based authentication for clients, you can optionally add the following
attributes to the appropriate file in the RADIUS or AAA server to configure a VLAN for the
client:
• “Tunnel‐Type”
• “Tunnel‐Medium‐Type”
• “Tunnel‐Private‐Group‐ID”
The RADIUS‐assigned VLAN ID overrides the VLAN ID you configure on the VAP page.
You configure the untagged and management VLAN IDs on the Ethernet Settings page.
For more information, see “Ethernet Settings” on page 51.
Enter a name for the wireless network. The SSID is an alphanumeric string of up to 32
characters. You can use the same SSID for multiple VAPs, or you can choose a unique SSID
for each VAP.
Note: If you are connected as a wireless client to the same AP that you are administering,
resetting the SSID will cause you to lose connectivity to the AP. You will need to reconnect
to the new SSID after you save this new setting.
RADIUS Key 1 – 3
Enable RADIUS
Accounting
Enable RADIUS
FailThrough
Radio
VAP
Enabled
VLAN ID
SSID
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Table 22: Virtual Access Point Settings (Cont.)
Field
Description
Broadcast SSID
Specify whether to allow the AP to broadcast the Service Set Identifier (SSID) in its
beacon frames. The Broadcast SSID parameter is enabled by default. When the VAP does
not broadcast its SSID, the network name is not displayed in the list of available networks
on a client station. Instead, the client must have the exact network name configured in
the supplicant before it is able to connect.
• To enable the SSID broadcast, select the Broadcast SSID check box.
• To prohibit the SSID broadcast, clear the Broadcast SSID check box.
Note: Disabling the broadcast SSID is sufficient to prevent clients from accidentally
connecting to your network, but it will not prevent even the simplest of attempts by a
hacker to connect or monitor unencrypted traffic. Suppressing the SSID broadcast offers
a very minimal level of protection on an otherwise exposed network (such as a guest
network) where the priority is making it easy for clients to get a connection and where
no sensitive information is available.
Select one of the following Security modes for this VAP:
• None
• Static WEP
• WPA Personal
• IEEE 802.1X
• WPA Enterprise
If you select a security mode other than None, additional fields appear. These fields are
explained below.
Note: The Security mode you set here is specifically for this VAP.
You can configure a global list of MAC addresses that are allowed or denied access to the
network. The drop‐down menu for this feature allows you to select the type of MAC
Authentication to use:
• Disabled: Do not use MAC Authentication.
• Local: Use the MAC Authentication list that you configure on the MAC Authentication
page.
• RADIUS: Use the MAC Authentication list on the external RADIUS server.
For more information about MAC Authentication, see “Controlling Access by MAC
Authentication” on page 85.
Enable the HTTP redirect feature to redirect wireless clients to a custom Web page.
When redirect mode is enabled, the user will be redirected to the URL you specify after
the wireless client associates with an AP and the user opens a Web browser on the client
to access the Internet.
The custom Web page must be located on an external Web server and might contain
information such as the company logo and network usage policy.
Note: The wireless client is redirected to the external Web server only once while it is
associated with the AP.
Specify the URL where the Web browser is to be redirected after the wireless client
associates with the AP and sends HTTP traffic.
Security
MAC
Authentication
Type
Redirect Mode
Redirect URL
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Note: After you configure the VAP settings, you must click Apply to apply the changes and to save the
settings. Changing some settings might cause the AP to stop and restart system processes. If this
happens, wireless clients will temporarily lose connectivity. We recommend that you change AP
settings when WLAN traffic is low.
None (Plain‐text)
If you select None as your security mode, no further options are configurable on the AP. This mode means that
any data transferred to and from the UAP is not encrypted.This security mode can be useful during initial
network configuration or for problem solving, but it is not recommended for regular use on the Internal
network because it is not secure.
Static WEP
Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) is a data encryption protocol for 802.11 wireless networks. All wireless stations
and APs on the network are configured with a static 64‐bit (40‐bit secret key + 24‐bit initialization vector (IV))
or 128‐bit (104‐bit secret key + 24‐bit IV) Shared Key for data encryption.
Static WEP is not the most secure mode available, but it offers more protection than setting the security mode
to None (Plain‐text) as it does prevent an outsider from easily sniffing out unencrypted wireless traffic.
WEP encrypts data moving across the wireless network based on a static key. (The encryption algorithm is a
stream cipher called RC4.)
Table 23: Static WEP
Field
Description
Transfer Key Index Select a key index from the drop‐down menu. Key indexes 1 through 4 are available. The
default is 1.
The Transfer Key Index indicates which WEP key the AP will use to encrypt the data it
transmits.
Key Length
Specify the length of the key by clicking one of the radio buttons:
• 64 bits
• 128 bits
Key Type
Select the key type by clicking one of the radio buttons:
• ASCII
• Hex
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Table 23: Static WEP (Cont.)
Field
Description
WEP Keys
You can specify up to four WEP keys. In each text box, enter a string of characters for each
key. The keys you enter depend on the key type selected:
• ASCII — Includes upper and lower case alphabetic letters, the numeric digits, and
special symbols such as @ and #.
• Hex — Includes digits 0 to 9 and the letters A to F.
Use the same number of characters for each key as specified in the Characters Required
field. These are the RC4 WEP keys shared with the stations using the AP.
Each client station must be configured to use one of these same WEP keys in the same
slot as specified here on the AP.
Characters Required: The number of characters you enter into the WEP Key fields is
determined by the Key length and Key type you select. For example, if you use 128‐bit
ASCII keys, you must enter 26 characters in the WEP key. The number of characters
required updates automatically based on how you set Key Length and Key Type.
The authentication algorithm defines the method used to determine whether a client
station is allowed to associate with an AP when static WEP is the security mode.
Specify the authentication algorithm you want to use by choosing one of the following
options:
• Open System authentication allows any client station to associate with the AP
whether that client station has the correct WEP key or not. This algorithm is also used
in plaintext, IEEE 802.1X, and WPA modes. When the authentication algorithm is set
to Open System, any client can associate with the AP.
Note: Just because a client station is allowed to associate does not ensure it can
exchange traffic with an AP. A station must have the correct WEP key to be able to
successfully access and decrypt data from an AP, and to transmit readable data to the AP.
• Shared Key authentication requires the client station to have the correct WEP key in
order to associate with the AP. When the authentication algorithm is set to Shared
Key, a station with an incorrect WEP key will not be able to associate with the AP.
• Both Open System and Shared Key. When you select both authentication algorithms:
– Client stations configured to use WEP in shared key mode must have a valid WEP
key in order to associate with the AP.
– Client stations configured to use WEP as an open system (shared key mode not
enabled) will be able to associate with the AP even if they do not have the correct
WEP key.
Authentication
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Static WEP Rules
If you use Static WEP, the following rules apply:
• All client stations must have the Wireless LAN (WLAN) security set to WEP, and all clients must have one of
the WEP keys specified on the AP in order to de‐code AP‐to‐station data transmissions.
• The AP must have all keys used by clients for station‐to‐AP transmit so that it can de‐code the station
transmissions.
• The same key must occupy the same slot on all nodes (AP and clients). For example if the AP defines
abc123 key as WEP key 3, then the client stations must define that same string as WEP key 3.
• Client stations can use different keys to transmit data to the access point. (Or they can all use the same
key, but this is less secure because it means one station can decrypt the data being sent by another.)
• On some wireless client software, you can configure multiple WEP keys and define a client station
“transfer key index”, and then set the stations to encrypt the data they transmit using different keys. This
ensures that neighboring APs cannot decode each other’s transmissions.
• You cannot mix 64‐bit and 128‐bit WEP keys between the access point and its client stations.
IEEE 802.1X
IEEE 802.1X is the standard defining port‐based authentication and infrastructure for doing key management.
Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP) messages sent over an IEEE 802.11 wireless network using a protocol
called EAP Encapsulation Over LANs (EAPOL). IEEE 802.1X provides dynamically‐generated keys that are
periodically refreshed. An RC4 stream cipher is used to encrypt the frame body and cyclic redundancy checking
(CRC) of each 802.11 frame.
This mode requires the use of an external RADIUS server to authenticate users. The AP requires a RADIUS
server capable of EAP, such as the Microsoft Internet Authentication Server. To work with Windows clients, the
authentication server must support Protected EAP (PEAP) and MSCHAP V2.
You can use any of a variety of authentication methods that the IEEE 802.1X mode supports, including
certificates, Kerberos, and public key authentication. You must configure the client stations to use the same
authentication method the AP uses.
Table 24: IEEE 802.1X
Field
Description
Use Global RADIUS By default each VAP uses the global RADIUS settings that you define for the AP at the top
Server Settings
of the VAP page. However, you can configure each VAP to use a different set of RADIUS
servers.
To use the global RADIUS server settings, make sure the check box is selected.
To use a separate RADIUS server for the VAP, clear the check box and enter the RADIUS
server IP address and key in the following fields.
RADIUS IP Address Specify the IP version that the RADIUS server uses.
Type
You can toggle between the address types to configure IPv4 and IPv6 global RADIUS
address settings, but the AP contacts only the RADIUS server or servers for the address
type you select in this field.
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Table 24: IEEE 802.1X (Cont.)
Field
Description
RADIUS IP Address Enter the IPv4 or IPv6 address for the primary RADIUS server for this VAP.
RADIUS IPv6
If the IPv4 RADIUS IP Address Type option is selected in the previous field, enter the IP
Address
address of the RADIUS server that all VAPs use by default, for example 192.168.10.23. If
the IPv6 RADIUS IP Address Type option is selected, enter the IPv6 address of the primary
global RADIUS server, for example 2001:0db8:1234::abcd.
RADIUS IP or IPv6 Enter up to three IPv4 and/or IPv6 addresses to use as the backup RADIUS servers for this
Address 1 – 3
VAP.The field label is RADIUS IP Address when the IPv4 RADIUS IP Address Type option is
selected and RADIUS IPv6 Address when the IPv6 RADIUS IP Address Type option is
selected.
If authentication fails with the primary server, each configured backup server is tried in
sequence.
RADIUS Key
Enter the RADIUS key in the text box.
The RADIUS Key is the shared secret key for the global RADIUS server. You can use up to
63 standard alphanumeric and special characters. The key is case sensitive, and you must
configure the same key on the AP and on your RADIUS server. The text you enter will be
displayed as “*” characters to prevent others from seeing the RADIUS key as you type.
RADIUS Key 1 – 3
Enter the RADIUS key associated with the configured backup RADIUS servers. The server
at RADIUS IP Address‐1 uses RADIUS Key‐1, RADIUS IP Address‐2 uses RADIUS Key‐2, and
so on.
Enable RADIUS
Select this option to track and measure the resources a particular user has consumed
Accounting
such as system time, amount of data transmitted and received, and so on.
If you enable RADIUS accounting, it is enabled for the primary RADIUS server and all
backup servers.
Enable RADIUS
Select this option to allow the secondary RADIUS server to authenticate wireless clients
if the authentication with the primary RADIUS server is unsuccessful, or if the primary
FailThrough
RADIUS server is unavailable.
Active Server
Specify which configured RADIUS server to use as the active RADIUS server.
Broadcast Key
Enter a value to set the interval at which the broadcast (group) key is refreshed for clients
associated to this VAP (the default is 300).
Refresh Rate
The valid range is 0 – 86400 seconds. A value of 0 indicates that the broadcast key is not
refreshed.
Session Key Refresh Enter a value to set the interval at which the AP will refresh session (unicast) keys for each
client associated to the VAP.
Rate
The valid range is 0 – 86400 seconds. A value of 0 indicates that the broadcast key is not
refreshed.
Note: After you configure the security settings, you must click Apply to apply the changes and to save
the settings.
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WPA Personal
WPA Personal is a Wi‐Fi Alliance IEEE 802.11i standard, which includes AES‐CCMP and TKIP mechanisms. The
Personal version of WPA employs a pre‐shared key (instead of using IEEE 802.1X and EAP as is used in the
Enterprise WPA security mode). The PSK is used for an initial check of credentials only.
This security mode is backwards‐compatible for wireless clients that support the original WPA.
Table 25: WPA Personal
Field
Description
WPA Versions
Select the types of client stations you want to support:
WPA. If all client stations on the network support the original WPA but none support the
newer WPA2, then select WPA.
WPA2. If all client stations on the network support WPA2, we suggest using WPA2 which
provides the best security per the IEEE 802.11i standard.
WPA and WPA2. If you have a mix of clients, some of which support WPA2 and others
which support only the original WPA, select both of the check boxes. This lets both WPA
and WPA2 client stations associate and authenticate, but uses the more robust WPA2 for
clients who support it. This WPA configuration allows more interoperability, at the
expense of some security.
Select the cipher suite you want to use:
• TKIP
• CCMP (AES)
• TKIP and CCMP (AES)
Both TKIP and AES clients can associate with the AP. WPA clients must have one of the
following to be able to associate with the AP:
• A valid TKIP key
• A valid AES‐CCMP key
Clients not configured to use a WPA Personal will not be able to associate with the AP.
The Pre‐shared Key is the shared secret key for WPA Personal. Enter a string of at least 8
characters to a maximum of 63 characters. Acceptable characters include upper and
lower case alphabetic letters, the numeric digits, and special symbols such as @ and #.
Enter a value to set the interval at which the broadcast (group) key is refreshed for clients
associated to this VAP (the default is 300).
The valid range is 0 – 86400 seconds. A value of 0 indicates that the broadcast key is not
refreshed.
Cipher Suites
Key
Broadcast Key
Refresh Rate
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WPA Enterprise
WPA Enterprise with RADIUS is an implementation of the Wi‐Fi Alliance IEEE 802.11i standard, which includes
CCMP (AES), and TKIP mechanisms. The Enterprise mode requires the use of a RADIUS server to authenticate
users.
This security mode is backwards‐compatible with wireless clients that support the original WPA.
Table 26: WPA Enterprise
Field
Description
WPA Versions
Select the types of client stations you want to support:
• WPA. If all client stations on the network support the original WPA but none support
the newer WPA2, then select WPA.
• WPA2. If all client stations on the network support WPA2, we suggest using WPA2
which provides the best security per the IEEE 802.11i standard.
• WPA and WPA2. If you have a mix of clients, some of which support WPA2 and others
which support only the original WPA, select both WPA and WPA2. This lets both WPA
and WPA2 client stations associate and authenticate, but uses the more robust WPA2
for clients who support it. This WPA configuration allows more interoperability, at the
expense of some security.
Enable
If for WPA Versions you select only WPA2 or both WPA and WPA2, you can enable pre‐
pre‐authentication authentication for WPA2 clients.
Click Enable pre‐authentication if you want WPA2 wireless clients to send pre‐
authentication packet. The pre‐authentication information will be relayed from the AP
the client is currently using to the target AP. Enabling this feature can help speed up
authentication for roaming clients who connect to multiple APs.
This option does not apply if you selected WPA for WPA Versions because the original
WPA does not support this feature.
Cipher Suites
Select the cipher suite you want to use:
• TKIP
• CCMP (AES)
• TKIP and CCMP (AES)
By default both TKIP and CCMP are selected. When both TKIP and CCMP are selected,
client stations configured to use WPA with RADIUS must have one of the following:
• A valid TKIP RADIUS IP address and RADIUS Key
• A valid CCMP (AES) IP address and RADIUS Key
Use Global RADIUS By default each VAP uses the global RADIUS settings that you define for the AP at the top
Server Settings
of the VAP page. However, you can configure each VAP to use a different set of RADIUS
servers.
To use the global RADIUS server settings, make sure the check box is selected.
To use a separate RADIUS server for the VAP, clear the check box and enter the RADIUS
server IP address and key in the following fields.
RADIUS IP Address Specify the IP version that the RADIUS server uses.
Type
You can toggle between the address types to configure IPv4 and IPv6 global RADIUS
address settings, but the AP contacts only the RADIUS server or servers for the address
type you select in this field.
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Table 26: WPA Enterprise (Cont.)
Field
Description
RADIUS IP Address Enter the IPv4 or IPv6 address for the primary RADIUS server for this VAP.
RADIUS IPv6
If the IPv4 RADIUS IP Address Type option is selected in the previous field, enter the IP
Address
address of the RADIUS server that all VAPs use by default, for example 192.168.10.23. If
the IPv6 RADIUS IP Address Type option is selected, enter the IPv6 address of the primary
global RADIUS server, for example 2001:0db8:1234::abcd.
RADIUS IP or IPv6 Enter up to three IPv4 and/or IPv6 addresses to use as the backup RADIUS servers for this
Address 1 – 3
VAP.The field label is RADIUS IP Address when the IPv4 RADIUS IP Address Type option is
selected and RADIUS IPv6 Address when the IPv6 RADIUS IP Address Type option is
selected.
If authentication fails with the primary server, each configured backup server is tried in
sequence.
RADIUS Key
Enter the RADIUS key in the text box.
The RADIUS Key is the shared secret key for the global RADIUS server. You can use up to
63 standard alphanumeric and special characters. The key is case sensitive, and you must
configure the same key on the AP and on your RADIUS server. The text you enter will be
displayed as "*" characters to prevent others from seeing the RADIUS key as you type.
RADIUS Key 1 – 3
Enter the RADIUS key associated with the configured backup RADIUS servers. The server
at RADIUS IP Address‐1 uses RADIUS Key‐1, RADIUS IP Address‐2 uses RADIUS Key‐2, and
so on.
Enable RADIUS
Select this option to track and measure the resources a particular user has consumed
Accounting
such as system time, amount of data transmitted and received, and so on.
If you enable RADIUS accounting, it is enabled for the primary RADIUS server and all
backup servers.
Enable RADIUS
Select this option to allow the secondary RADIUS server to authenticate wireless clients
if the authentication with the primary RADIUS server is unsuccessful, or if the primary
FailThrough
RADIUS server is unavailable.
Active Server
Specify which configured RADIUS server to use as the active RADIUS server.
Broadcast Key
Enter a value to set the interval at which the broadcast (group) key is refreshed for clients
associated to this VAP (the default is 300).
Refresh Rate
The valid range is 0 – 86400 seconds. A value of 0 indicates that the broadcast key is not
refreshed.
Session Key Refresh Enter a value to set the interval at which the AP will refresh session (unicast) keys for each
client associated to the VAP.
Rate
The valid range is 0 – 86400 seconds. A value of 0 indicates that the broadcast key is not
refreshed.
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Configuring the Wireless Distribution System (WDS)
Configuring the Wireless Distribution System (WDS)
The Wireless Distribution System (WDS) allows you to connect multiple UAPs. With WDS, APs communicate
with one another without wires in a standardized way. This capability is critical in providing a seamless
experience for roaming clients and for managing multiple wireless networks. It can also simplify the network
infrastructure by reducing the amount of cabling required. You can configure the AP in point‐to‐point or point‐
to‐multipoint bridge mode based on the number of links to connect.
In the point‐to‐point mode, the AP accepts client associations and communicates with wireless clients and
other repeaters. The AP forwards all traffic meant for the other network over the tunnel that is established
between the APs. The bridge does not add to the hop count. It functions as a simple OSI layer 2 network device.
In the point‐to‐multipoint bridge mode, one AP acts as the common link between multiple APs. In this mode,
the central AP accepts client associations and communicates with the clients and other repeaters. All other APs
associate only with the central AP that forwards the packets to the appropriate wireless bridge for routing
purposes.
The UAP can also act as a repeater. In this mode, the AP serves as a connection between two APs that might
be too far apart to be within cell range. When acting as a repeater, the AP does not have a wired connection to
the LAN and repeats signals by using the wireless connection. No special configuration is required for the AP
to function as a repeater, and there are no repeater mode settings. Wireless clients can still connect to an AP
that is operating as a repeater.
Note: When you move an AP from Standalone Mode to Managed Mode, WDS is disabled. In Managed
Mode, you configure the AP by using the D‐Link Unified Wireless Switch. The Administrator UI, as well
as Telnet, SSH, and SNMP access are disabled when the AP is in Managed Mode.
To specify the details of traffic exchange from this access point to others, click the WDS tab.
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Configuring the Wireless Distribution System (WDS)
Figure 21: Configuring WDS Settings
Before you configure WDS on the AP, note the following guidelines:
• When using WDS, be sure to configure WDS settings on both APs participating in the WDS link.
• You can have only one WDS link between any pair of APs. That is, a remote MAC address may appear only
once on the WDS page for a particular AP.
• Both APs participating in a WDS link must be on the same Radio channel and using the same IEEE 802.11
mode. (See “Modifying Radio Settings” on page 58 for information on configuring the Radio mode and
channel.)
• When 802.11h is operational, setting up two WDS links can be difficult. See “Using the 802.11h Wireless
Mode” on page 57.
• If you use WPA encryption on the WDS link over radio 1, VAP0 of radio 1 must use WPA Personal or WPA
Enterprise as the security mode. If you use WPA on a WDS link over radio 2, VAP0 of radio 2 must use WPA
Personal or WPA Enterprise as the security mode.
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Configuring the Wireless Distribution System (WDS)
To configure WDS on this AP, describe each AP intended to receive hand‐offs and send information to this AP.
For each destination AP, configure the fields listed in Table 21.
Table 27: WDS Settings
Field
Description
Spanning Tree
Mode
Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) prevents switching loops. STP is recommended if you
configure WDS links.
Select Enabled to use STP
Select Disabled to turn off STP links (not recommended)
For each WDS link on a two‐radio AP, select Radio One or Radio Two. The rest of the
settings for the link apply to the radio selected in this field. The read‐only Local Address
will change depending on which Radio you select in this field.
Note: This field is not available on the DWL‐3600AP.
Indicates the MAC addresses for this AP.
For each WDS link on a two‐radio AP, the Local Address reflects the MAC address for the
internal interface on the selected radio (Radio One on wlan0 or Radio Two on wlan1).
Specify the MAC address of the destination AP; that is, the AP on the other end of the
WDS link to which data will be sent or handed‐off and from which data will be received.
Click the drop‐down arrow to the right of the Remote Address field to see a list of all the
available MAC Addresses and their associated SSIDs on the network. Select the
appropriate MAC address from the list.
NOTE: The SSID displayed in the drop‐down list is simply to help you identify the correct
MAC Address for the destination AP. This SSID is a separate SSID to that which you set for
the WDS link. The two do not (and should not) be the same value or name.
You can use no encryption, WEP, or WPA (PSK) on the WDS link.
If you are unconcerned about security issues on the WDS link you may decide not to set
any type of encryption. Alternatively, if you have security concerns you can choose
between Static WEP and WPA (PSK). In WPA (PSK) mode, the AP uses WPA2‐PSK with
CCMP (AES) encryption over the WDS link.
NOTE: In order to configure WPA‐PSK on any WDS link, VAP0 of the selected radio must
be configured for WPA‐PSK or WPA‐Enterprise.
Radio
Local Address
Remote Address
Encryption
If you select None as your preferred WDS encryption option, you will not be asked to fill in any more fields on
the WDS page. All data transferred between the two APs on the WDS link will be unencrypted.
Note: To disable a WDS link, you must remove the value configured in the Remote Address field.
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Configuring the Wireless Distribution System (WDS)
WEP on WDS Links
Table 28 describes the additional fields that appear when you select WEP as the encryption type.
Table 28: WEP on WDS Links
Field
Description
Encryption
WEP
Key Length
WEP
Select this option if you want to set WEP encryption on the WDS link.
If WEP is enabled, specify the length of the WEP key:
• 64 bits
• 128 bits
If WEP is enabled, specify the WEP key type:
• ASCII
• Hex
Indicates the number of characters required in the WEP key.
The number of characters required updates automatically based on how you set Key
Length and Key Type.
Enter a string of characters. If you selected ASCII, enter any combination of 0 – 9, a – z, and
A – Z. If you selected HEX, enter hexadecimal digits (any combination of 0 – 9 and a – f or
A – F). These are the RC4 encryption keys shared with the stations using the AP.
Key Type
Characters
Required
WEP Key
WPA/PSK on WDS Links
Table 29 describes the additional fields that appear when you select WPA/PSK as the encryption type.
Note: To configure WPA‐PSK on any WDS link, VAP0 of the selected radio must be configured for WPA‐
PSK or WPA‐Enterprise.
Table 29: WPA/PSK on WDS Links
Field
Description
Encryption
SSID
WPA (PSK)
Enter an appropriate name for the new WDS link you have created. This SSID should be
different from the other SSIDs used by this AP. However, it is important that the same
SSID is also entered at the other end of the WDS link. If this SSID is not the same for both
APs on the WDS link, they will not be able to communicate and exchange data.
The SSID can be any alphanumeric combination.
Enter a unique shared key for the WDS bridge. This unique shared key must also be
entered for the AP at the other end of the WDS link. If this key is not the same for both
APs, they will not be able to communicate and exchange data.
The WPA‐PSK key is a string of at least 8 characters to a maximum of 63 characters.
Acceptable characters include upper and lower case alphabetic letters, the numeric
digits, and special symbols such as @ and #.
Key
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Controlling Access by MAC Authentication
Note: After you configure the WDS settings, you must click Apply to apply the changes and to save the
settings. Changing some settings might cause the AP to stop and restart system processes. If this
happens, wireless clients will temporarily lose connectivity. We recommend that you change AP
settings when WLAN traffic is low.
Controlling Access by MAC Authentication
A Media Access Control (MAC) address is a hardware address that uniquely identifies each node of a network.
All IEEE 802 network devices share a common 48‐bit MAC address format, usually displayed as a string of 12
hexadecimal digits separated by colons, for example 00:DC:BA:09:87:65. Each wireless network interface
card (NIC) used by a wireless client has a unique MAC address.
You can use the Administrator UI on the AP or use an external RADIUS server to control access to the network
through the AP based on the MAC address of the wireless client. This feature is called MAC Authentication or
MAC Filtering. To control access, you configure a global list of MAC addresses locally on the AP or on an external
RADIUS server. Then, you set a filter to specify whether the clients with those MAC addresses are allowed or
denied access to the network. When a wireless client attempts to associate with an AP, the AP looks up the
MAC address of the client in the local Stations List or on the RADIUS server. If it is found, the global allow or
deny setting is applied. If it is not found, the opposite is applied.
On the VAP page, the MAC Authentication Type setting controls whether the AP uses the station list configured
locally on the MAC Authentication page or the external RADIUS server. The Allow/Block filter setting on the
MAC Authentication page determines whether the clients in the station list (local or RADIUS) can access the
network through the AP. For more information about setting the MAC authentication type, see “Virtual Access
Point Settings” on page 70.
Configuring a MAC Filter and Station List on the AP
The MAC Authentication page allows you to control access to UAP based on MAC addresses. Based on how
you set the filter, you can allow only client stations with a listed MAC address or deny access to the stations
listed.
When you enable MAC Authentication and specify a list of approved MAC addresses, only clients with a listed
MAC address can access the network. If you specify MAC addresses to deny, all clients can access the network
except for the clients on the deny list.
To enable filtering by MAC address, click the MAC Authentication tab.
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Figure 22: Configuring MAC Authentication
Note: Global MAC Authentication settings apply to all VAPs on all supported radios.
Table 30 describes the fields and configuration options available on the MAC Authentication page
Table 30: MAC Authentication
Field
Description
Filter
To set the MAC Address Filter, select one of the following options:
• Allow only stations in the list. Any station that is not in the Stations List is denied
access to the network through the AP.
• Block all stations in list. Only the stations that appear in the list are denied access to
the network through the AP. All other stations are permitted access.
Note: The filter you select is applied to the clients in the station list, regardless of
whether that station list is local or on the RADIUS server.
This is the local list of clients that are either permitted or denied access to the network
through the AP. To add a MAC Address to the local Stations List, enter its 48‐bit MAC
address into the lower text boxes, then click Add.
To remove a MAC Address from the Stations List, select its 48‐bit MAC address, then click
Remove.
The stations in the list will either be allowed or denied access based on how you set the
filter in the previous field.
Note: If the MAC authentication type for the VAP is set to Local, the AP uses the Stations
List to permit or deny the clients access to the network. If the MAC authentication type
is set to RADIUS, the AP ignores the MAC addresses configured in this list and uses the
list that is stored on the RADIUS server. The MAC authentication type is set on the VAP
configuration page.
Stations List
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Controlling Access by MAC Authentication
Note: After you configure local MAC Authentication settings, you must click Apply to apply the
changes and to save the settings. Changing some settings might cause the AP to stop and restart
system processes. If this happens, wireless clients will temporarily lose connectivity. We recommend
that you change AP settings when WLAN traffic is low.
Configuring MAC Authentication on the RADIUS Server
If you use RADIUS MAC authentication for MAC‐based access control, you must configure a station list on the
RADIUS server. The station list contains client MAC address entries, and the format for the list is described in
the following table.
Table 31: RADIUS Server Attributes for MAC Authentication
RADIUS Server Attribute Description
Value
User‐Name (1)
MAC address of the client station.
User‐Password (2)
A fixed global password used to lookup a client MAC
entry.
Valid Ethernet MAC
Address.
NOPASSWORD
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Configuring Load Balancing
You can set network utilization thresholds on the UAP to maintain the speed and performance of the wireless
network as clients associate and disassociate with the AP. The load balancing settings apply to all supported
radios.
To configure load balancing and set limits and behavior to be triggered by a specified utilization rate of the
access point, click the Load Balancing tab and update the fields shown in the following figure.
Figure 23: Configuring Load Balancing
Table 32: Load Balancing
Field
Description
Load Balancing
Enable or disable load balancing:
To enable load balancing on this AP, click Enable.
To disable load balancing on this AP, click Disable.
Provide the percentage of network bandwidth utilization allowed on the radio before the
AP stops accepting new client associations.
The default is 0, which means that all new associations will be allowed regardless of the
utilization rate.
Utilization for No
New Associations
Note: After you configure the load balancing settings, you must click Apply to apply the changes and
to save the settings. Changing some settings might cause the AP to stop and restart system processes.
If this happens, wireless clients will temporarily lose connectivity. We recommend that you change AP
settings when WLAN traffic is low.
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Managed Access Point Overview
Managed Access Point Overview
The UAP can operate in two modes: Standalone Mode or Managed Mode. In Standalone Mode, the UAP acts
as an individual AP in the network, and you manage it by using the Administrator Web User Interface (UI), CLI,
or SNMP. In Managed Mode, the UAP is part of the D‐Link Unified Wired and Wireless System, and you manage
it by using the D‐Link Unified Wireless Switch. If an AP is in Managed Mode, the Administrator Web UI, Telnet,
SSH, and SNMP services are disabled.
On the UAP, you can configure the IP addresses of up to four D‐Link Unified Wireless Switches that can manage
it. In order to manage the AP, the switch and AP must discover each other. There are multiple ways for a switch
to discover an AP. Adding the IP address of the switch to the AP while it is in Standalone Mode is one way to
enable switch‐to‐AP discovery.
Transitioning Between Modes
Every 30 seconds, the D‐Link Unified Wireless Switch sends a keepalive message to all of the access points it
manages. Each AP checks for the keepalive messages on the SSL TCP connection. As long as the AP maintains
communication with the switch through the keepalive messages, it remains in Managed Mode.
If the AP does not receive a message within 45 seconds of the last keepalive message, the AP assumes the
switch has failed and terminates its TCP connection to the switch, and the AP enters Standalone Mode.
Once the AP transitions to Standalone Mode, it continues to forward traffic without any loss. The AP uses the
configuration on the VAPs configured in VLAN Forwarding mode (the standard, non‐tunneled mode).
While the AP is in Standalone Mode, you can manage it by using the Web interface or the CLI (through Telnet
or SSH).
For any clients that are connected to the AP through tunneled VAPs, the AP sends disassociate messages and
disables the tunneled VAPs.
As long as the Managed AP Administrative Mode is set to Enabled, as Figure 24 on page 90 shows, the AP starts
discovery procedures. If the AP establishes a connection with a wireless switch, which may or may not be the
same switch it was connected to before, the switch sends the AP its configuration and the AP sends the wireless
switch information about all currently associated clients.
After the configuration from the switch is applied, the AP radio(s) restart. Client traffic is briefly interrupted
until the radio(s) are up and the clients are re‐associated.
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Configuring Managed Access Point Settings
To add the IP address of a D‐Link Unified Wireless Switch to the AP, click the Managed Access Point tab under
the Manage heading and update the fields shown in Table 33.
Figure 24: Configuring Managed Access Point Settings
Table 33: Managed Access Point
Field
Description
Managed AP
Click Enabled to allow the AP and switch to discover each other. If the AP successfully
Administrative Mode authenticates itself with a wireless switch, you will not be able to access the
Administrator UI.
Click Disabled to prevent the AP from contacting wireless switches.
Switch IP address
Enter the IP address of up to four wireless switches that can manage the AP. You can
enter the IP address in dotted format or as an DNS name.
You can view a list of wireless switches on your network that were configured by using
a DHCP server.
The AP attempts to contact Switch IP Address 1 first.
Base IP Port
The starting IP port number used by the wireless feature (in a range of 10 consecutive
port numbers). Only the first number in the range is configurable. The default value is
57775 (through 57784).
Note: When the wireless Base IP Port number is changed on the switch, the wireless
feature is automatically disabled and re‐enabled. The new value is not sent as part of
the global switch configuration in the cluster configuration distribution command;
every switch in the cluster must be configured independently with the new Wireless IP
port number.
Note: When the Wireless Base IP Port number is changed from its default value on the
switch, it must also be changed on the Access Points.
Pass Phrase
Select the Edit option and enter a passphrase to allow the AP to authenticate itself with
the wireless switch. The passphrase must be between 8 and 63 characters.
To remove the password, select Edit, delete the existing password, and then click
Apply.
You must configure the same passphrase on the switch.
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Table 33: Managed Access Point
Field
Description
WDS Managed Mode Specify whether the AP will act as a Root AP or Satellite AP within the WDS group:
• Root AP — Acts as a bridge or repeater on the wireless medium and communicates
with the switch via the wired link.
• Satellite AP — Communicates with the switch via a WDS link to the Root AP. This
mode enables the Satellite AP to discover and establish WDS link with the Root AP.
WDS Managed
Specify whether the Ethernet port is to be enabled or disabled when the AP becomes
part of a WDS group.
Ethernet Port
WDS Group Password Password for WPA2 Personal authentication used to establish the WDS links. Only the
Satellite APs need this configuration. The Root APs get the password from the switch
when they become managed.
Note: After you configure the settings on the Managed Access Point page, you must click Apply to
apply the changes and to save the settings. Changing some settings might cause the AP to stop and
restart system processes. If this happens, wireless clients will temporarily lose connectivity. We
recommend that you change AP settings when WLAN traffic is low.
If the UAP successfully authenticates with a D‐Link Unified Wireless Switch, you will loose access to the AP
through the Administrator UI.
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Configuring 802.1X Authentication
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Configuring 802.1X Authentication
On networks that use IEEE 802.1X, port‐based network access control, a supplicant (client) cannot gain access
to the network until the 802.1X authenticator grants access. If your network uses 802.1X, you must configure
802.1X authentication information that the AP can supply to the authenticator.
To configure the UAP 802.1X supplicant user name and password by using the Web interface, click the
Authentication tab and configure the fields shown in Table 34.
Figure 25: IEEE 802.1X Authentication
Table 34: IEEE 802.1X Supplicant Authentication
Field
Description
802.1X Supplicant
Click Enabled to enable the Administrative status of the 802.1X Supplicant.
Click Disabled to disable the Administrative status of the 802.1X Supplicant.
Select one of the following EAP methods to use for communication between the AP and
the authenticator:
• MD5
• PEAP
• TLS
EAP Method
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Configuring 802.1X Authentication
Table 34: IEEE 802.1X Supplicant Authentication (Cont.)
Field
Description
Username
Enter the user name for the AP to use when responding to requests from an 802.1X
authenticator.
The user name can be 1 to 64 characters in length. ASCII printable characters are allowed,
which includes upper and lower case alphabetic letters, the numeric digits, and special
symbols such as @ and #.
Enter the password for the AP to use when responding to requests from an 802.1X
authenticator.
The password can be 1 to 64 characters in length. ASCII printable characters are allowed,
which includes upper and lower case letters, numbers, and special symbols such as @
and #.
Indicates whether a certificate file is present and when that certificate expires.
Password
Certificate File
Status
Certificate File
Upload
Upload a certificate file to the AP by using HTTP or TFTP:
• HTTP — Browse to the location where the certificate file is stored and click Upload.
• TFTP — Specify the IP address of the TFTP server where the certificate file is located
and provide the file name, including the file path, then click Upload.
Note: After you configure the settings on the Authentication page, you must click Apply to apply the
changes and to save the settings. Changing some settings might cause the AP to stop and restart
system processes. If this happens, wireless clients will temporarily lose connectivity. We recommend
that you change AP settings when WLAN traffic is low.
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Creating a Management Access Control List
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Creating a Management Access Control List
You can create an access control list (ACL) that lists up to five IPv4 hosts and five IPv6 hosts that are authorized
to access the AP management interface. If this feature is disabled, anyone can access the management
interface from any network client by supplying the correct AP username and password.
To create an access list, click the Management ACL tab.
Figure 26: Management ACL
Table 35: Management ACL
Field
Description
Management ACL Mode
Enable or disable the management ACL feature. At least one IPv4 or IPv6 address
should be configured before enabling Management ACL Mode. If enabled, only
the IP addresses you specify will have Web, Telnet, SSH, and SNMP access to the
management interface.
Enter up to five IPv4 addresses that are allowed management access to the AP. Use
dotted‐decimal format (for example, 192.168.10.10).
Enter up to five IPv6 addresses that are allowed management access to the AP. Use
the standard IPv6 address format (for example 2001:0db8:1234::abcd).
IP Address (1 – 5)
IPv6 Address (1 – 5)
Note: After you configure the settings, click Apply to apply the changes and to save the settings.
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Configuring Access Point Services
Section 5: Configuring Access Point Services
This section describes how to configure services on the UAP and contains the following subsections:
• “Configuring SNMP on the Access Point”
• “Web Server Settings”
• “Setting the SSH Status”
• “Setting the Telnet Status”
• “Configuring Quality of Service”
• “Configuring Email Alert”
• “Enabling the Time Settings (NTP)”
Configuring SNMP on the Access Point
Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) defines a standard for recording, storing, and sharing
information about network devices. SNMP facilitates network management, troubleshooting, and
maintenance. The AP supports SNMP versions 1, 2, and 3. Unless specifically noted, all configuration
parameters on this page apply to SNMPv1 and SNMPv2c only.
Key components of any SNMP‐managed network are managed devices, SNMP agents, and a management
system. The agents store data about their devices in Management Information Bases (MIBs) and return this
data to the SNMP manager when requested. Managed devices can be network nodes such as APs, routers,
switches, bridges, hubs, servers, or printers.
The UAP can function as an SNMP managed device for seamless integration into network management systems
such as HP OpenView.
From the SNMP page under the Services heading, you can start or stop control of SNMP agents, configure
community passwords, access MIBs, and configure SNMP Trap destinations.
From the pages under the SNMPv3 heading, you can manage SNMPv3 users and their security levels and define
access control to the SNMP MIBs. For information about how to configure SNMPv3 views, groups, users, and
targets, see “Configuring SNMPv3” on page 111.
To configure SNMP, click the SNMP tab under the Services heading and update the fields described in Table 36
on page 96
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Figure 27: Modifying SNMP Settings
Table 36: SNMP Settings
Field
Description
SNMP
Enabled/Disabled
You can specify the SNMP administrative mode on your network. By default SNMP
is enabled. To enable SNMP, click Enabled.To disable SNMP, click Disabled. After
changing the mode, you must click Apply to save your configuration changes.
Note: If SNMP is disabled, all remaining fields on the SNMP page are disabled. This
is a global SNMP parameter which applies to SNMPv1, SNMPv2c, and SNMPv3.
Read‐only
Enter a read‐only community name. The valid range is 1‐256 characters.
community name
The community name, as defined in SNMPv2c, acts as a simple authentication
(for permitted SNMP get mechanism to restrict the machines on the network that can request data to the
operations)
SNMP agent. The name functions as a password, and the request is assumed to be
authentic if the sender knows the password.
The community name can be in any alphanumeric format.
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Table 36: SNMP Settings (Cont.)
Field
Description
Port number the SNMP
agent will
listen to
By default an SNMP agent only listens to requests from port 161. However, you can
configure this so the agent listens to requests on another port.
Enter the port number on which you want the SNMP agents to listen to requests.
The valid range is 1‐65535.
Note: This is a global SNMP parameter that applies to SNMPv1, SNMPv2c, and
SNMPv3.
Allow SNMP set requests You can choose whether or not to allow SNMP set requests on the AP. Enabling
SNMP set requests means that machines on the network can execute configuration
changes via the SNMP agent on the AP to the D‐Link System MIB. To enable SNMP
set requests, click Enabled. To disable SNMP set requests, click Disabled.
Read‐write community If you have enabled SNMP set requests you can set a read‐write community name.
name (for permitted
The valid range is 1‐256 characters.
SNMP set operations)
Setting a community name is similar to setting a password. Only requests from the
machines that identify themselves with this community name will be accepted.
The community name can be in any alphanumeric format.
Restrict the source of
You can restrict the source of permitted SNMP requests.
SNMP requests to only
To restrict the source of permitted SNMP requests, click Enabled.
the designated hosts or
To permit any source submitting an SNMP request, click Disabled.
subnets
Hostname, address or
Specify the IPv4 DNS hostname or subnet of the machines that can execute get and
subnet of Network
set requests to the managed devices. The valid range is 1‐256 characters.
Management System
As with community names, this provides a level of security on SNMP settings. The
SNMP agent will only accept requests from the hostname or subnet specified here.
To specify a subnet, enter one or more subnetwork address ranges in the form
address/mask_length where address is an IP address and mask_length is the
number of mask bits. Both formats address/mask and address/
mask_length are supported. Individual hosts can be provided for this, i.e. I.P
Address or Hostname. For example, if you enter a range of 192.168.1.0/24 this
specifies a subnetwork with address 192.168.1.0 and a subnet mask of
255.255.255.0.
The address range is used to specify the subnet of the designated NMS. Only
machines with IP addresses in this range are permitted to execute get and set
requests on the managed device. Given the example above, the machines with
addresses from 192.168.1.1 through 192.168.1.254 can execute SNMP
commands on the device. (The address identified by suffix .0 in a subnetwork range
is always reserved for the subnet address, and the address identified by .255 in the
range is always reserved for the broadcast address).
As another example, if you enter a range of 10.10.1.128/25 machines with IP
addresses from 10.10.1.129 through 10.10.1.254 can execute SNMP
requests on managed devices. In this example, 10.10.1.128 is the network
address and 10.10.1.255 is the broadcast address. 126 addresses would be
designated.
IPv6 Hostname or IPv6
Specify the IPv6 DNS hostname or subnet of the machines that can execute get and
subnet of Network
set requests to the managed devices.
Management System
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Table 36: SNMP Settings (Cont.)
Field
Description
Community name for
traps
Enter the global community string associated with SNMP traps. The valid range is
1‐256 characters.
Traps sent from the device will provide this string as a community name.
The community name can be in any alphanumeric format. Special characters are
not permitted.
Enter the DNS hostname of the computer to which you want to send SNMP traps.
The valid range is 1‐256 characters.
An example of a DNS hostname is: snmptraps.foo.com. Since SNMP traps are sent
randomly from the SNMP agent, it makes sense to specify where exactly the traps
should be sent. You can add up to a maximum of three DNS hostnames. Ensure you
select the Enabled check box beside the appropriate hostname.
Hostname or IP address
Note: After you configure the SNMP settings, you must click Apply to apply the changes and to save
the settings. Changing some settings might cause the AP to stop and restart system processes. If this
happens, wireless clients will temporarily lose connectivity. We recommend that you change AP
settings when WLAN traffic is low.
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Web Server Settings
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Web Server Settings
The AP can be managed through HTTP or secure HTTP (HTTPS) sessions. By default both HTTP and HTTPS
access are enabled. Either access type can be disabled separately.
To configure Web server settings, click Web Server tab.
Figure 28: Configuring Web Server Settings
Table 37: Web Server Settings
Field
Description
HTTPS Server Status Enable or disable access through a Secure HTTP Server (HTTPS).
HTTP Server Status Enable or disable access through HTTP. This setting is independent of the HTTPS server
status setting.
HTTP Port
Specify the port number for HTTP traffic (default is 80).
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Table 37: Web Server Settings (Cont.)
Field
Description
Maximum Sessions When a user logs on to the AP web interface, a session is created. This session is
maintained until the user logs off or the session inactivity timer expires.
Enter the number web sessions, including both HTTP and HTTPs, that can exist at the
same time. The range is 1 – 10 sessions. If the maximum number of sessions is reached,
the next user who attempts to log on to the AP web interface receives an error message
about the session limit.
Session Timeout
Enter the maximum amount of time, in minutes, an inactive user remains logged on to
the AP web interface. When the configured timeout is reached, the user is automatically
logged off the AP. The range is 1 – 1440 minutes (1440 minutes = 1 day).
Generate SSL
Select this option to generate a new SSL certificate for the secure Web server. This should
Certificate
be done once the access point has an IP address to ensure that the common name for
the certificate matches the IP address of the UAP. Generating a new SSL certificate will
restart the secure Web server. The secure connection will not work until the new
certificate is accepted on the browser.
HTTP SSL Certificate Indicates whether a certificate file is present and specifies its expiration date and issuer
common name.
File Status
To Get the Current Save a copy of the current HTTP SSL certificate on a local system or TFTP server.
HTTP SSL Certificate • HTTP — Click Download and specify where to store the backup copy of the certificate
file.
• TFTP — Provide a file name for the certificate file, including the file path, specify the
IP address of the TFTP server where the certificate file copy is to be stored, and then
click Download.
To upload a HTTP Upload a certificate file to the AP by using HTTP or TFTP:
SSL Certificate from • HTTP — Browse to the location where the certificate file is stored and click Upload.
a PC or a TFTP
• TFTP — Specify the IP address of the TFTP server where the certificate file is located
Server
and provide the file name, including the file path, then click Upload.
Note: Click Apply to apply the changes and to save the settings. If you disable the protocol you are
currently using to access the AP management interface, the current connection will end and you will
not be able to access the AP by using that protocol until it is enabled.
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Setting the SSH Status
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Setting the SSH Status
Secure Shell (SSH) is a program that provides access to the DWL‐x600AP CLI from a remote host. SSH is more
secure than Telnet for remote access because it provides strong authentication and secure communications
over insecure channels. From the SSH page, you can enable or disable SSH access to the system.
Figure 29: SSH Status
Table 38: SSH Settings
Field
Description
SSH Status
Choose to either enable or disable SSH access to the AP CLI:
• To permit remote access to the AP by using SSH, click Enabled.
• To prevent remote access to the AP by using SSH, click Disabled.
Setting the Telnet Status
Telnet is a program that provides access to the DWL‐x600AP CLI from a remote host. From the Telnet page, you
can enable or disable Telnet access to the system.
Figure 30: Telnet Status
Table 39: Telnet Settings
Field
Description
Telnet Status
Choose to either enable or disable Telnet access to the AP CLI:
• To permit remote access to the AP by using Telnet, click Enabled.
• To prevent remote access to the AP by using Telnet, click Disabled.
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Configuring Quality of Service
Configuring Quality of Service
Quality of Service (QoS) provides you with the ability to specify parameters on multiple queues for increased
throughput and better performance of differentiated wireless traffic like Voice‐over‐IP (VoIP), other types of
audio, video, and streaming media, as well as traditional IP data over the UAP.
Configuring QoS on the UAP consists of setting parameters on existing queues for different types of wireless
traffic, and effectively specifying minimum and maximum wait times (through Contention Windows) for
transmission. The settings described here apply to data transmission behavior on the AP only, not to that of
the client stations.
AP Enhanced Distributed Channel Access (EDCA) Parameters affect traffic flowing from the AP to the client
station.
Station Enhanced Distributed Channel Access (EDCA) Parameters affect traffic flowing from the client station to
the AP.
The default values for the AP and station EDCA parameters are those suggested by the Wi‐Fi Alliance in the
WMM specification. In normal use these values should not need to be changed. Changing these values will
affect the QoS provided.
Note: On the DWL‐6600AP and DWL‐8600AP, the QoS settings apply to both radios, but the traffic for
each radio is queued independently.
To set up queues for QoS, click the QoS tab under the Services heading and configure settings as described in
Table 40 on page 103.
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Figure 31: Configuring QoS Settings
Table 40: QoS Settings
Field
Description
EDCA Template
Possible options are: Custom, Default, Optimized for Voice.
AP EDCA Parameters
Queue
AIFS
(Inter‐Frame Space)
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Queues are defined for different types of data transmitted from AP‐to‐station:
• Data 0 (Voice) — High priority queue, minimum delay. Time‐sensitive data such
as VoIP and streaming media are automatically sent to this queue.
• Data 1(Video) — High priority queue, minimum delay. Time‐sensitive video data
is automatically sent to this queue.
• Data 2 (best effort) — Medium priority queue, medium throughput and delay.
Most traditional IP data is sent to this queue.
• Data 3 (Background) — Lowest priority queue, high throughput. Bulk data that
requires maximum throughput and is not time‐sensitive is sent to this queue
(FTP data, for example).
The Arbitration Inter‐Frame Spacing (AIFS) specifies a wait time for data frames.
The wait time is measured in slots. Valid values for AIFS are 1 through 255.
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Table 40: QoS Settings (Cont.)
Field
Description
cwMin
(Minimum Contention
Window)
This parameter is input to the algorithm that determines the initial random backoff
wait time (window) for retry of a transmission.
The value specified for Minimum Contention Window is the upper limit (in
milliseconds) of a range from which the initial random backoff wait time is
determined.
The first random number generated will be a number between 0 and the number
specified here.
If the first random backoff wait time expires before the data frame is sent, a retry
counter is incremented and the random backoff value (window) is doubled.
Doubling will continue until the size of the random backoff value reaches the
number defined in the Maximum Contention Window.
Valid values for cwMin are 1, 3, 7, 15, 31, 63, 127, 255, 511, or 1024. The value for
cwMin must be lower than the value for cwMax.
cwMax
The value specified for the Maximum Contention Window is the upper limit (in
(Maximum Contention milliseconds) for the doubling of the random backoff value. This doubling continues
until either the data frame is sent or the Maximum Contention Window size is
Window)
reached.
Once the Maximum Contention Window size is reached, retries will continue until a
maximum number of retries allowed is reached.
Valid values for cwMax are 1, 3, 7, 15, 31, 63, 127, 255, 511, or 1024. The value for
cwMax must be higher than the value for cwMin.
Max. Burst Length
The Max. Burst Length is an AP EDCA parameter and only applies to traffic flowing
from the AP to the client station.
This value specifies (in milliseconds) the maximum burst length allowed for packet
bursts on the wireless network. A packet burst is a collection of multiple frames
transmitted without header information. The decreased overhead results in higher
throughput and better performance.
Valid values for maximum burst length are 0.0 through 999.
Wi-Fi Multimedia Settings
Wi‐Fi MultiMedia
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Wi‐Fi MultiMedia (WMM) is enabled by default. With WMM enabled, QoS
prioritization and coordination of wireless medium access is on. With WMM
enabled, QoS settings on the UAP control downstream traffic flowing from the AP to
client station (AP EDCA parameters) and the upstream traffic flowing from the
station to the AP (station EDCA parameters).
Disabling WMM deactivates QoS control of station EDCA parameters on upstream
traffic flowing from the station to the AP.
With WMM disabled, you can still set some parameters on the downstream traffic
flowing from the AP to the client station (AP EDCA parameters).
To disable WMM extensions, click Disabled.
To enable WMM extensions, click Enabled.
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Table 40: QoS Settings (Cont.)
Field
Description
Station EDCA Parameters
Queue
Queues are defined for different types of data transmitted from station‐to‐AP:
• Data 0 (Voice) — Highest priority queue, minimum delay. Time‐sensitive data
such as VoIP and streaming media are automatically sent to this queue.
• Data 1(Video) — Highest priority queue, minimum delay. Time‐sensitive video
data is automatically sent to this queue.
• Data 2 (best effort) — Medium priority queue, medium throughput and delay.
Most traditional IP data is sent to this queue.
• Data 3 (Background) — Lowest priority queue, high throughput. Bulk data that
requires maximum throughput and is not time‐sensitive is sent to this queue
(FTP data, for example).
AIFS
The Arbitration Inter‐Frame Spacing (AIFS) specifies a wait time for data frames.
(Inter‐Frame Space)
The wait time is measured in slots. Valid values for AIFS are 1 through 255.
cwMin
This parameter is used by the algorithm that determines the initial random backoff
(Minimum Contention wait time (window) for retry of a data transmission during a period of contention for
Unified Access Point resources. The value specified here in the Minimum Contention
Window)
Window is the upper limit (in milliseconds) of a range from which the initial random
backoff wait time will be determined. The first random number generated will be a
number between 0 and the number specified here. If the first random backoff wait
time expires before the data frame is sent, a retry counter is incremented and the
random backoff value (window) is doubled. Doubling will continue until the size of
the random backoff value reaches the number defined in the Maximum Contention
Window.
cwMax
The value specified here in the Maximum Contention Window is the upper limit (in
(Maximum Contention milliseconds) for the doubling of the random backoff value. This doubling continues
Window)
until either the data frame is sent or the Maximum Contention Window size is
reached.
Once the Maximum Contention Window size is reached, retries will continue until a
maximum number of retries allowed is reached.
TXOP Limit
The TXOP Limit is a station EDCA parameter and only applies to traffic flowing from
the client station to the AP. The Transmission Opportunity (TXOP) is an interval of
time, in milliseconds, when a WME client station has the right to initiate
transmissions onto the wireless medium (WM) towards the Unified Access Point.
The TXOP Limit maximum value is 65535.
Other QoS Settings
No Acknowledgement
APSD
Select On to specify that the AP should not acknowledge frames with QosNoAck as
the service class value.
Select On to enable Automatic Power Save Delivery (APSD), which is a power
management method. APSD is recommended if VoIP phones access the network
through the AP.
Note: After you configure the QoS settings, you must click Apply to apply the changes and to save the
settings. Changing some settings might cause the AP to stop and restart system processes. If this
happens, wireless clients will temporarily lose connectivity. We recommend that you change AP
settings when WLAN traffic is low.
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Configuring Email Alert
Unified Access Point Administrator’s Guide
Configuring Email Alert
The Email Alert feature allows the AP to automatically send email messages when an event at or above the
configured severity level occurs. Use the Email Alert Configuration page to configure mail server settings, to set
the severity level that triggers alerts, and to add up to three email addresses where urgent and non‐urgent
email alerts are sent.
Note: Email alert is operationally disabled when the AP transitions to managed mode.
Figure 32: Configuring Email Alert
Table 41: Email Alert Configuration
Field
Description
Email Alert Global Configuration
Admin Mode
From Address
Log Duration
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Globally enable or disable the Email Alert feature on the AP. By default, email alerts
are disabled.
Specify the email address that appears in the From field of alert messages sent from
the AP, for example dlinkAP23@foo.com. The address can be a maximum of 255
characters and can contain only printable characters. By default, no address is
configured.
This duration, in minutes, determines how frequently the non critical messages are
sent to the SMTP Server.The range is 30‐1440 minutes. The default is 30 minutes.
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Table 41: Email Alert Configuration (Cont.)
Field
Description
Urgent Message
Severity
Configures the severity level for log messages that are considered to be urgent.
Messages in this category are sent immediately. The security level you select and all
higher levels are urgent:
• Emergency indicates system is unusable. It is the highest level of severity.
• Alert indicates action must be taken immediately.
• Critical indicates critical conditions.
• Error indicates error conditions.
• Warning indicates warning conditions.
• Notice indicates normal but significant conditions.
• Informational indicates informational messages.
• Debug indicates debug‐level messages.
Configures the severity level for log messages that are considered to be nonurgent.
Messages in this category are collected and sent in a digest form at the time interval
specified by the Log Duration field. The security level you select and all levels up to,
but not including the lowest Urgent level are considered nonurgent. Messages
below the security level you specify are not sent via email.
See the Urgent Message field description for information about the security levels.
Non Urgent Severity
Email Alert Mail Server Configuration
Mail Server Address
Mail Server Security
Mail Server Port
Username
Password
Specify the IP address or hostname of the SMTP server on the network.
Specify whether to use SMTP over SSL (TLSv1) or no security (Open) for
authentication with the mail server. The default is Open.
Configures the TCP port number for SMTP. The range is a valid port number from 0
to 65535. The default is 25, which is the standard port for SMTP.
Specify the username to use when authentication with the mail server is required.
The username is a 64‐byte character string with all printable characters. The default
is admin.
Specify the password associated with the username configured in the previous field.
Email Alert Message Configuration
To Address 1
To Address 2
To Address 3
Email Subject
Configure the first email address to which alert messages are sent.The address must
be a valid email address. By default, no address is configured.
Optionally, configure the second email address to which alert messages are sent.The
address must be a valid email address. By default, no address is configured.
Optionally, configure the third email address to which alert messages are sent.The
address must be a valid email address. By default, no address is configured.
Specify the text to be displayed in the subject of the email alert message. The subject
can contain up to 255 alphanumeric characters. The default is Log message from AP.
Note: After you configure the Email Alert settings, click Apply to apply the changes and to save the
settings.
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Configuring Email Alert
To validate the configured email server credentials, click Test Mail. You can send a test email once the email
server details are configured.
The following text shows an example of an email alert sent from the AP to the network administrator:
From: AP‐192.168.2.10@mailserver.com
Sent: Wednesday, July 08, 2011 11:16 AM
To: administrator@mailserver.com
Subject: log message from AP
TIME
Jul 8 03:48:25
Jul 8 03:48:26
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Priority
info
info
Process Id
login[1457]
mini_http‐ssl[1175]
Message
root login on ‘ttyp0’
Max concurrent connections of 20 reached
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Enabling the Time Settings (NTP)
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Enabling the Time Settings (NTP)
Use the Time Settings page to specify the Network Time Protocol (NTP) server to use to provide time and date
information to the AP or to configure the time and date information manually.
NTP is an Internet standard protocol that synchronizes computer clock times on your network. NTP servers
transmit Coordinated Universal Time (UTC, also known as Greenwich Mean Time) to their client systems. NTP
sends periodic time requests to servers, using the returned time stamp to adjust its clock. The timestamp is
used to indicate the date and time of each event in log messages.
See http://www.ntp.org for more information about NTP.
To set the system time either manually or by specifying the address of the NTP server for the AP to use, click
the Services > Time Settings (NTP) tab and update the fields as described in Table 42 on page 110.
Figure 33: Setting the System Time
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Table 42: NTP Settings
Field
Description
Set System Time
NTP provides a way for the AP to obtain and maintain its time from a server on
the network. Using an NTP server gives your AP the ability to provide the
correct time of day in log messages and session information.
Choose to use a network time protocol (NTP) server to determine the system
time, or set the system time manually:
• To permit the AP to poll an NTP server, click Using Network Time Protocol
(NTP).
• To prevent the AP from polling an NTP server, click Manually.
If NTP is enabled, specify the NTP server to use.
You can specify the NTP server by hostname or IP address, although using the
IP address is not recommended as these can change more readily.
If you specify a hostname, note the following requirements:
• The length must be between 1 – 63 characters.
• Upper and lower case characters, numbers, and hyphens are accepted.
• The first character must be a letter (a – z or A – Z), and the last character
cannot be a hyphen.
Specify the current month, day, and year.
NTP Server (Use NTP)
System Date (Manual
configuration)
System Time (Manual
configuration)
Time Zone
Adjust Time for Daylight
Savings
DST Start (24 HR)
DST End (24 HR)
DST Offset (minutes)
Specify the current time in hours and minutes. The system uses a 24‐hour
clock, so 6:00 PM is configured as 18:00.
Select your local time zone from the menu. The default is USA (Pacific).
Select to have the system adjust the reported time for Daylight Savings Time
(DST). When this field is selected, fields to configure Daylight Savings Time
settings appear.
Configure the date and time to begin Daylight Savings Time for the System
Time.
Configure the date and time to end Daylight Savings Time for the System Time.
Select the number of minutes to offset DST. The default is 60 minutes.
Note: After you configure the Time settings, you must click Apply to apply the changes and to save
the settings. Changing some settings might cause the AP to stop and restart system processes. If this
happens, wireless clients will temporarily lose connectivity. We recommend that you change AP
settings when WLAN traffic is low.
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Configuring SNMPv3
Unified Access Point Administrator’s Guide
Section 6: Configuring SNMPv3
This section describes how to configure the SNMPv3 settings on the UAP and contains the following
subsections:
• Configuring SNMPv3 Views
• Configuring SNMPv3 Groups
• Configuring SNMPv3 Users
• Configuring SNMPv3 Targets
Configuring SNMPv3 Views
A MIB view is combination of a set of view subtrees or a family of view subtrees where each view subtree is a
subtree within the managed object naming tree. You can create MIB views to control the OID range that
SNMPv3 users can access.
A MIB view called "all" is created by default in the system. This view contains all management objects
supported by the system.
Note: If you create an excluded view subtree, create a corresponding included entry with the same
view name to allow subtrees outside of the excluded subtree to be included. For example, to create a
view that excludes the subtree 1.3.6.1.4, create an excluded entry with the OID 1.3.6.1.4. Then, create
an included entry with OID .1 with the same view name.
Figure 34: SNMPv3 Views
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Table 43 describes the fields you can configure on the SNMPv3 Views page.
Table 43: SNMPv3 Views
Field
Description
View Name
Enter a name to identify the MIB view.
View names can contain up to 32 alphanumeric characters.
Specifies whether to include or exclude the view subtree or family of subtrees from the
MIB view.
Enter an OID string for the subtree to include or exclude from the view.
For example, the system subtree is specified by the OID string .1.3.6.1.2.1.1.
The OID mask is 47 characters in length. The format of the OID mask is xx.xx.xx (.)... or
xx:xx:xx.... (:) and is 16 octets in length. Each octet is 2 hexadecimal characters separated
by either . (period) or : (colon). Only hex characters are accepted in this field. For
example, OID mask FA.80 is 11111010.10000000.
A family mask is used to define a family of view subtrees. The family mask indicates which
sub‐identifiers of the associated family OID string are significant to the family's
definition.
A family of view subtrees allows control access to one row in a table, in a more efficient
manner.
This field shows the MIB views on the UAP. To remove a view, select it and click Remove.
Type
OID
Mask
SNMPv3 Views
Note: After you configure the SNMPv3 Views settings, you must click Apply to apply the changes and
to save the settings.
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Configuring SNMPv3 Groups
SNMPv3 groups allow you to combine users into groups of different authorization and access privileges.
By default, the UAP has two groups:
• RO — A read‐only group using authentication and data encryption. Users in this group use an MD5 key/
password for authentication and a DES key/password for encryption. Both the MD5 and DES key/
passwords must be defined. By default, users of this group will have read only access to the default all MIB
view, which can be modified by the user.
• RW — A read/write group using authentication and data encryption. Users in this group use an MD5 key/
password for authentication and a DES key/password for encryption. Both the MD5 and DES key/
passwords must be defined. By default, users of this group will have read and write access to the default
all MIB view, which can be modified by the user.
RW and RO groups are defined by default.
Note: The UAP supports maximum of eight groups.
To define additional groups, navigate to the SNMPv3 Groups page and configure the settings that Table 44 on
page 114 describes.
Figure 35: SNMPv3 Groups
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Table 44: SNMPv3 Groups
Field
Description
Name
Specify a name to use to identify the group. The default group names are RW and RO.
Group names can contain up to 32 alphanumeric characters.
Select one of the following security levels for the group:
• noAuthentication‐noPrivacy — No authentication and no data encryption (no
security).
• Authentication‐noPrivacy — Authentication, but no data encryption. With this
security level, users send SNMP messages that use an MD5 key/password for
authentication, but not a DES key/password for encryption.
• Authentication‐Privacy — Authentication and data encryption. With this security
level, users send an MD5 key/password for authentication and a DES key/password
for encryption.
For groups that require authentication, encryption, or both, you must define the MD5
and DES key/passwords on the SNMPv3 Users page.
Select the write access to management objects (MIBs) for the group:
• write‐all — The group can create, alter, and delete MIBs.
• write‐none — The group is not allowed to create, alter, or delete MIBS.
Select the read access to management objects (MIBs) for the group:
• view‐all — The group is allowed to view and read all MIBs.
• view‐none — The group cannot view or read MIBs.
This field shows the default groups and the groups that you have defined on the AP. To
remove a group, select the group and click Remove.
Security Level
Write Views
Read Views
SNMPv3 Groups
Note: After you configure the SNMPv3 Groups settings, you must click Apply to apply the changes and
to save the settings.
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Configuring SNMPv3 Users
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Configuring SNMPv3 Users
From the SNMPv3 Users page, you can define multiple users, associate the desired security level to each user,
and configure security keys.
For authentication, only MD5 type is supported, and for encryption only DES type is supported. There are no
default SNMPv3 users on the UAP.
Figure 36: SNMPv3 Users
Table 45 describes the fields to configure SNMPv3 users.
Table 45: SNMP v3 Users
Field
Description
Name
Enter the user name to identify the SNMPv3 user.
User names can contain up to 32 alphanumeric characters.
Group
Map the user to a group. The default groups are RWAuth, RWPriv, and RO. You can
define additional groups on the SNMPv3 Groups page.
Authentication Type Select the type of authentication to use on SNMP requests from the user:
• MD5 — Require MD5 authentication on SNMPv3 requests from the user.
• None — SNMPv3 requests from this user require no authentication.
Authentication Key If you specify MD5 as the authentication type, enter a password to enable the SNMP
agent to authenticate requests sent by the user.
The passphrase must be between 8 and 32 characters in length.
Encryption Type
Select the type of privacy to use on SNMP requests from the user:
• DES — Use DES encryption on SNMPv3 requests from the user.
• None — SNMPv3 requests from this user require no privacy.
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Configuring SNMPv3 Targets
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Table 45: SNMP v3 Users (Cont.)
Field
Description
Encryption Key
If you specify DES as the privacy type, enter a key to use to encrypt the SNMP requests.
The passphrase must be between 8 and 32 characters in length.
This field shows the users that you have defined on the AP. To remove a user, select the
user and click Remove.
SNMPv3 Users
Note: After you configure the SNMPv3 Users settings, you must click Apply to apply the changes and
to save the settings.
Configuring SNMPv3 Targets
SNMPv3 Targets send "inform" messages to the SNMP manager. Each target is identified by a target name and
associated with target IP address, UDP port, and SNMP user name.
Figure 37: SNMPv3 Target
Table 46: SNMPv3 Targets
Field
Description
IP Address
Port
Users
Enter the IP address of the remote SNMP manager to receive the target.
Enter the UDP port to use for sending SNMP targets.
Enter the name of the SNMP user to associate with the target. To configure SNMP users,
see “Configuring SNMPv3 Users” on page 115.
This field shows the SNMPv3 Targets on the UAP. To remove a target, select it and click
Remove.
SNMPv3 Targets
Note: After you configure the SNMPv3 Target settings, you must click Apply to apply the changes and
to save the settings.
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Maintaining the Access Point
Unified Access Point Administrator’s Guide
Section 7: Maintaining the Access Point
This section describes how to maintain the UAP.
From the UAP Administrator UI, you can perform the following maintenance tasks:
• “Saving the Current Configuration to a Backup File”
• “Restoring the Configuration from a Previously Saved File”
• “Performing AP Maintenance”
– “Resetting the Factory Default Configuration”
– “Rebooting the Access Point”
• “Upgrading the Firmware”
• “Packet Capture Configuration and Settings”
Saving the Current Configuration to a Backup File
The AP configuration file is in XML format and contains all of the information about the AP settings. You can
download the configuration file to a management station to manually edit the content or to save as a back‐up
copy.
You can use HTTP or TFTP to transfer files to and from the UAP. After you download a configuration file to the
management station, you can manually edit the file, which is in XML format. Then, you can upload the edited
configuration file to apply those configuration settings to the AP.
Use the following steps to save a copy of the current settings on an AP to a backup configuration file by using
TFTP:
1. Select TFTP for Download Method.
2. Enter a name (1 to 63 characters) for the backup file in the Filename field, including the .xml file name
extension and the path to the directory where you want to save the file.
3. Enter the IP address of the TFTP server.
4. Click Download to save a copy of the file to the TFTP server.
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Restoring the Configuration from a Previously Saved File
Use the following steps to save a copy of the current settings on an AP to a backup configuration file by using
HTTP:
1. Select HTTP for Download Method.
2. Click the Download button.
A dialog box displays verifying the download.
3. To proceed with the download, select OK.
A dialog box opens allowing you to view or save the file.
4. Select the Save File option and select OK.
5. Use the file browser to navigate to the directory where you want to save the file, and click OK to save the
file.
You can keep the default file name (config.xml) or rename the backup file, but be sure to save the file with
an .xml extension.
Restoring the Configuration from a Previously Saved File
You can use HTTP or TFTP to transfer files to and from the UAP. After you download a configuration file to the
management station, you can manually edit the file, which is in XML format. Then, you can upload the edited
configuration file to apply those configuration settings to the AP.
Use the following procedures to restore the configuration on an AP to previously saved settings by using TFTP:
1. Select TFTP for Upload Method.
2. Enter a name (1 to 63 characters) for the backup file in the Filename field, including the .xml file name
extension and the path to the directory that contains the configuration file to upload.
3. Enter the IP address of the TFTP server in the Server IP field.
4. Click the Restore button.
The AP reboots. A reboot confirmation dialog and follow‐on rebooting status message displays. Please wait
for the reboot process to complete, which might take several minutes.
The Administration Web UI is not accessible until the AP has rebooted.
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Restoring the Configuration from a Previously Saved File
Use the following steps to save a copy of the current settings on an AP to a backup configuration file by using
HTTP:
1. Select HTTP for Upload Method.
2. User the Browse button to select the file to restore.
3. Click the Restore button.
A File Upload or Choose File dialog box displays.
4. Navigate to the directory that contains the file, then select the file to upload and click Open.
(Only those files created with the Backup function and saved as .xml backup configuration files are valid to
use with Restore; for example, ap_config.xml.)
5. Click the Restore button.
A dialog box opens verifying the restore.
6. Click OK to proceed.
The AP reboots. A reboot confirmation dialog and follow‐on rebooting status message displays. Please wait
for the reboot process to complete, which might take several minutes.
The Administration Web UI is not accessible until the AP has rebooted.
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Performing AP Maintenance
Unified Access Point Administrator’s Guide
Performing AP Maintenance
From the Maintenance page, you can reset the AP to its factory default settings or reboot the AP.
Figure 38: Maintenance
Resetting the Factory Default Configuration
If you are experiencing problems with the UAP and have tried all other troubleshooting measures, click Reset.
This restores factory defaults and clears all settings, including settings such as a new password or wireless
settings. You can also use the reset button on the back panel to reset the system to the default configuration.
Rebooting the Access Point
For maintenance purposes or as a troubleshooting measure, you can reboot the UAP. To reboot the AP, click
the Reboot button on the Configuration page.
Upgrading the Firmware
As new versions of the UAP firmware become available, you can upgrade the firmware on your devices to take
advantage of new features and enhancements. The AP uses a TFTP client for firmware upgrades. You can also
use HTTP to perform firmware upgrades.
After you upload new firmware and the system reboots, the newly added firmware becomes the primary
image. If the upgrade fails, the original firmware remains as the primary image.
Note: When you upgrade the firmware, the access point retains the existing configuration
information.
Use the following steps to upgrade the firmware on an access point by using TFTP:
1. Select TFTP for Upload Method.
2. Enter a name (1 to 63 characters) for the image file in the Image Filename field, including the path to the
directory that contains the image to upload.
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For example, to upload the ap_upgrade.tar image located in the /share/builds/ap directory, enter /share/
builds/ap/ap_upgrade.tar in the Image Filename field.
The firmware upgrade file supplied must be a tar file. Do not attempt to use bin files or files of other
formats for the upgrade; these types of files will not work.
3. Enter the IP address of the TFTP server.
4. Click Upgrade.
Upon clicking Upgrade for the firmware upgrade, a popup confirmation window is displayed that describes
the upgrade process.
5. Click OK to confirm the upgrade and start the process.
Note: The firmware upgrade process begins once you click Upgrade and then OK in the popup
confirmation window.
The upgrade process may take several minutes during which time the access point will be unavailable. Do
not power down the access point while the upgrade is in process. When the upgrade is complete, the
access point restarts. The AP resumes normal operation with the same configuration settings it had before
the upgrade.
6. To verify that the firmware upgrade completed successfully, check the firmware version shown on the
Upgrade page (or the Basic Settings page). If the upgrade was successful, the updated version name or
number is indicated.
Use the following steps to upgrade the firmware on an access point by using HTTP:
1. Select HTTP for Upload Method.
2. If you know the path to the new firmware image file, enter it in the Image Filename field. Otherwise, click
the Browse button and locate the firmware image file.
The firmware upgrade file supplied must be a tar file. Do not attempt to use bin files or files of other
formats for the upgrade; these types of files will not work.
3. Click Upgrade to apply the new firmware image.
Upon clicking Upgrade for the firmware upgrade, a popup confirmation window is displayed that describes
the upgrade process.
4. Click OK to confirm the upgrade and start the process.
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Packet Capture Configuration and Settings
Note: The firmware upgrade process begins once you click Upgrade and then OK in the popup
confirmation window.
The upgrade process may take several minutes during which time the access point will be unavailable. Do
not power down the access point while the upgrade is in process. When the upgrade is complete, the
access point restarts. The AP resumes normal operation with the same configuration settings it had before
the upgrade.
5. To verify that the firmware upgrade completed successfully, check the firmware version shown on the
Upgrade page (or the Basic Settings page). If the upgrade was successful, the updated version name or
number is indicated.
Packet Capture Configuration and Settings
Wireless packet capture operates in two modes:
• Capture file mode
• Remote capture mode
For capture file mode, captured packets are stored in a file on the Access Point. The AP can transfer the file to
a TFTP server. The file is formatted in pcap format and can be examined using tools such as Wireshark and
OmniPeek.
For remote capture mode, the captured packets are redirected in real time to an external PC running the
Wireshark® tool.
The AP can capture the following types of packets:
• 802.11 packets received and transmitted on radio interfaces. Packets captured on radio interfaces include
the 802.11 header.
• 802.3 packets received and transmitted on the Ethernet interface.
• 802.3 packets received and transmitted on the internal logical interfaces such as VAPs and WDS interfaces.
From the Packet Capture Configuration and Settings page, you can:
• View the current packet capture status.
• Configure packet capture parameters.
• Configure packet file capture.
• Configure a remote capture port.
• Download a packet capture file.
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Figure 39: Packet Capture Configuration
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Packet Capture Status
Packet Capture Status allows you to view the status of packet capture on the AP.
Table 47 describes information the packet capture status fields display.
Table 47: Packet Capture Status
Field
Description
Current Capture Status
Packet Capture Time
Packet Capture File Size
Shows whether packet capture is running or stopped.
Shows elapsed capture time.
Shows the current capture file size.
Packet Capture Parameter Configuration
Packet Capture Configuration allows you to configure parameters that affect how packet capture functions on
the radio interfaces.
Table 48 describes the fields to configure the packet capture.
Table 48: Packet Capture Configuration
Field
Description
Capture Beacons
Promiscuous Capture
Enable to capture the 802.11 beacons detected or transmitted by the radio.
Enable to place the radio in promiscuous mode when the capture is active.
In promiscuous mode the radio receives all traffic on the channel, including
traffic that is not destined to this AP. While the radio is operating in
promiscuous mode, it continues serving associated clients. Packets not
destined to the AP are not forwarded.
As soon as the capture is completed, the radio reverts to non‐promiscuous
mode operation.
Enable to use the WLAN client filter to capture only frames that are
transmitted to, or received from a WLAN client with a specified MAC address.
Specify a MAC address for WLAN client filtering.
Note: The MAC filter is active only when capture is performed on an 802.11
interface.
Client Filter Enable
Client Filter MAC Address
Note: Changes to packet capture configuration parameters take affect after packet capture is
restarted. Modifying the parameters while the packet capture is running doesn't affect the current
packet capture session. In order to begin using new parameter values, an existing packet capture
session must be stopped and re‐started.
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Packet File Capture
In Packet File Capture mode the AP stores captured packets in the RAM file system.
Upon activation, the packet capture proceeds until one of the following occurs:
• The capture time reaches configured duration
• The capture file reaches its maximum size
• The administrator stops the capture
During the capture, you can monitor the capture status, elapsed capture time, and the current capture file size.
This information can be updated, while the capture is in progress, by clicking Refresh.
Table 49 describes the fields to configure the packet capture status.
Table 49: Packet File Capture
Field
Description
Capture Interface
Select an AP Capture Interface name from the drop‐down menu. AP capture
interface names are eligible for packet capture are:
• brtrunk ‐ Linux bridge interface in the AP
• eth0 ‐ 802.3 traffic on the Ethernet port.
• wlan0 ‐ VAP0 traffic on radio 1.
• wlan1 ‐ VAP0 traffic on radio 2.
• radio1 ‐ 802.11 traffic on radio 1.
• radio2 ‐ 802.11 traffic on radio 2.
Note: The DWL‐3600AP has only one radio. The available options on the
DWL‐3600AP do not include wlan0 or radio1.
Specify the time duration in seconds for the capture (range 10 to 3600).
Specify the maximum allowed size for the capture file in KB (range 64 to 4096).
Capture Duration
Max Capture File Size
Remote Packet Capture
Remote Packet Capture allows you to specify a remote port as the destination for packet captures. This feature
works in conjunction with the Wireshark network analyzer tool for Windows. A packet capture server runs on
the AP and sends the captured packets via a TCP connection to the Wireshark tool.
A Windows PC running the Wireshark tool allows you to display, log, and analyze captured traffic.
When the remote capture mode is in use, the AP doesn't store any captured data locally in its file system.
Your can trace up to five interfaces on the AP at the same time. However, you must start a separate Wireshark
session for each interface. You can configure the IP port number used for connecting Wireshark to the AP. The
default port number is 2002. The system uses 5 consecutive port numbers starting with the configured port for
the packet capture sessions.
If a firewall is installed between the Wireshark PC and the AP, these ports must be allowed to pass through the
firewall. The firewall must also be configured to allow the Wireshark PC to initiate TCP connection to the AP.
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To configure Wireshark to use the AP as the source for captured packets, you must specify the remote interface
in the "Capture Options" menu. For example to capture packets on an AP with IP address 192.168.1.10 on radio
1 using the default IP port, specify the following interface:
rpcap://192.168.1.10/radio1
To capture packets on the Ethernet interface of the AP and VAP0 on radio 1 using IP port 58000, start two
Wireshark sessions and specify the following interfaces:
rpcap://192.168.1.10:58000/eth0
rpcap://192.168.1.10:58000/wlan0
When you are capturing traffic on the radio interface, you can disable beacon capture, but other 802.11 control
frames are still sent to Wireshark. You can set up a display filter to show only:
• Data frames in the trace
• Traffic on specific BSSIDs
• Traffic between two clients
Some examples of useful display filters are:
• Exclude beacons and ACK/RTS/CTS frames:
!(wlan.fc.type_subtype == 8 || wlan.fc.type == 1)
• Data frames only:
wlan.fc.type == 2
• Traffic on a specific BSSID:
wlan.bssid == 00:02:bc:00:17:d0
• All traffic to and from a specific client:
wlan.addr == 00:00:e8:4e:5f:8e
In remote capture mode, traffic is sent to the PC running Wireshark via one of the network interfaces.
Depending on where the Wireshark tool is located the traffic can be sent on an Ethernet interface or one of the
radios. In order to avoid a traffic flood caused by tracing the trace packets, the AP automatically installs a
capture filter to filter out all packets destined to the Wireshark application. For example if the Wireshark IP port
is configured to be 58000 then the following capture filter is automatically installed on the AP:
not portrange 58000‐58004.
Enabling the packet capture feature impacts performance of the AP and can create a security issue
(unauthorized clients may be able to connect to the AP and trace user data). The AP performance is negatively
impacted even if there is no active Wireshark session with the AP. The performance is negatively impacted to
a greater extent when packet capture is in progress.
Due to performance and security issues, the packet capture mode is not saved in NVRAM on the AP; if the AP
resets, the capture mode is disabled and the you must re‐enable it in order to resume capturing traffic. Packet
capture parameters (other than mode) are saved in NVRAM.
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In order to minimize performance impact on the AP while traffic capture is in progress, you should install
capture filters to limit which traffic is sent to the Wireshark tool. When capturing 802.11 traffic, large portion
of the captured frames tend to be beacons (typically sent every 100ms by all Access Points). Although
Wireshark supports a display filter for beacon frames, it does not support a capture filter to prevent the AP
from forwarding captured beacon packets to the Wireshark tool. In order to reduce performance impact of
capturing the 802.11 beacons, you can disable the capture beacons mode.
The remote packet capture facility is a standard feature of the Wireshark tool for Windows.
Note: Remote packet capture is not standard on the Linux version of Wireshark; the Linux version
doesn't work with the AP.
Wireshark is an open source tool and is available for free; it can be downloaded from http://
www.wireshark.org.
Table 50 describes the fields to configure the packet capture status.
Table 50: Remote Packet Capture
Field
Description
Remote Capture Port
Specify the remote port to use as the destination for packet captures. (range 1
to 65530).
Packet Capture File Download
Packet Capture File Download allows you to download the capture file by TFTP to a configured TFTP server or
by HTTP(S) to a PC. The captured packets are stored in file /tmp/apcapture.pcap on the AP. A capture is
automatically stopped when the capture file download command is triggered.
Because the capture file is located in the RAM file system, it disappears if the AP is reset.
Table 51 describes the fields to configure the packet capture status.
Table 51: Packet Capture File Download
Field
Description
Use TFTP to download the
capture file
Select or clear this option to determine whether to use TFTP or HTTP(S) to
download the capture file:
• To download the file by using TFTP, select this option and complete the
additional fields.
• To download the file by using HTTP or HTTPS, clear this option and click
Download to browse to the location where the file is to be saved.
When using TFTP to download the file, specify a name for the packet capture
file, including the .pcap file name extension and the path to the directory
where you want to save the file.
When using TFTP to download the file, specify the IP address of the TFTP
server.
TFTP Server Filename
Server IP
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Configuring Client Quality of Service
Section 8: Configuring Client Quality of Service
This section describes how to configure QoS settings that affect traffic from the wireless clients to the AP. By
using the UAP Client QoS features, you can limit bandwidth and apply ACLs and DiffServ policies to the wireless
interface. If a VAP uses WPA Enterprise security to authenticate clients, you can configure the RADIUS server
to provide per‐client QoS information.
This section describes the following features:
• “Configuring VAP QoS Parameters”
• “Managing Client QoS ACLs”
• “Creating a DiffServ Class Map”
• “Creating a DiffServ Policy Map”
• “Configuring RADIUS‐Assigned Client QoS Parameters”
Note: The web‐based UI images in this section show the DWL‐8600AP administration pages. Pages
for the DWL‐3600AP will not display information for Radio 2 because it has only one radio.
Configuring VAP QoS Parameters
The client QoS features on the UAP provide additional control over certain QoS aspects of wireless clients that
connect to the network, such as the amount of bandwidth an individual client is allowed to send and receive.
To control general categories of traffic, such as HTTP traffic or traffic from a specific subnet, you can configure
ACLs and assign them to one or more VAPs.
In addition to controlling general traffic categories, Client QoS allows you to configure per‐client conditioning
of various micro‐flows through Differentiated Services (DiffServ). DiffServ policies are a useful tool for
establishing general micro‐flow definition and treatment characteristics that can be applied to each wireless
client, both inbound and outbound, when it is authenticated on the network.
From the VAP QoS Parameters page, you can enable the Client QoS feature, specify client bandwidth limits,
and select the ACLs and DiffServ policies to use as default values for clients associated with the VAP when the
client does not have their own attributes defined by a RADIUS server.
To configure the Client QoS administrative mode and to configure the QoS settings for a VAP, click the VAP QoS
Parameters tab.
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Figure 40: VAP QoS Parameters
Table 52: VAP QoS Parameters
Field
Description
Client QoS Global Admin
Mode
Enable or disable Client QoS operation on the AP.
Changing this setting will not affect the WMM settings you configure on the
QoS page.
For dual‐radio APs, select Radio 1 or Radio 2 to specify which radio to
configure.
Specify the VAP that will have the Client QoS settings that you configure.
The QoS settings you configure for the selected VAP will not affect clients that
access the network through other VAPs.
Enable or disable QoS operation on the VAP selected in the VAP menu.
QoS must be enabled globally (from the Client QoS Global Admin Mode field)
and on the VAP (QoS Mode field) for the Client QoS settings to be applied to
wireless clients.
Enter the maximum allowed transmission rate from the AP to the wireless
client in bits per second. The valid range is 0 – 429496000 bits/sec.
The value you enter must be a multiple of 8000 bits/sec, in other words, the
value must be n × 8000 bits/sec, where n = 0, 1, 2, 3... If you attempt to set the
limit to a value that is not a multiple of 8000 bits/sec, the configuration will be
rejected. A value of 0 means that the bandwidth maximum limit is not enforced
in this direction.
Radio
VAP
Client QoS Mode
Bandwidth Limit Down
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Table 52: VAP QoS Parameters
Field
Description
Bandwidth Limit Up
Enter the maximum allowed client transmission rate to the AP in bits per
second. The valid range is 0 – 4294967295 bps.
The value you enter must be n × 8000 bits/sec, where n = 0, 1, 2, 3... If you
attempt to set the limit to a value that is not a multiple of 8000 bits/sec, the
configuration will be rejected. A value of 0 means that the bandwidth
maximum limit is not enforced in this direction.
Select the type of ACL to apply to traffic in the outbound (down) direction,
which can be one of the following:
• IPv4: The ACL examines IPv4 packets for matches to ACL rules
• IPv6: The ACL examines IPv6 packets for matches to ACL rules
• MAC: The ACL examines layer 2 frames for matches to ACL rules
Select the name of the ACL applied to traffic in the outbound (down) direction.
After switching the packet or frame to the outbound interface, the ACL's rules
are checked for a match. The packet or frame is transmitted if it is permitted,
and discarded if it is denied.
Select the type of ACL to apply to traffic in the inbound (up) direction, which
can be one of the following:
• IPv4: The ACL examines IPv4 packets for matches to ACL rules
• IPv6: The ACL examines IPv6 packets for matches to ACL rules
• MAC: The ACL examines layer 2 frames for matches to ACL rules
Select the name of the ACL applied to traffic entering the AP in the inbound
(up) direction.
When a packet or frame is received by the AP, the ACL's rules are checked for a
match. The packet or frame is processed if it is permitted, and discarded if it is
denied.
Select the name of the DiffServ policy applied to traffic from the AP in the
outbound (down) direction.
Select the name of the DiffServ policy applied to traffic sent to the AP in the
inbound (up) direction.
ACL Type Down
ACL Name Down
ACL Type Up
ACL Name Up
DiffServ Policy Down
DiffServ Policy Up
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Managing Client QoS ACLs
ACLs are a collection of permit and deny conditions, called rules, that provide security by blocking unauthorized
users and allowing authorized users to access specific resources. ACLs can block any unwarranted attempts to
reach network resources.
The UAP supports up to 50 IPv4, IPv6, and MAC ACLs.
IPv4 and IPv6 ACLs
IP ACLs classify traffic for Layers 3 and 4.
Each ACL is a set of up to 10 rules applied to traffic sent from a wireless client or to be received by a wireless
client. Each rule specifies whether the contents of a given field should be used to permit or deny access to the
network. Rules can be based on various criteria and may apply to one ore more fields within a packet, such as
the source or destination IP address, the source or destination L4 port, or the protocol carried in the packet.
MAC ACLs
MAC ACLs are Layer 2 ACLs. You can configure the rules to inspect fields of a frame such as the source or
destination MAC address, the VLAN ID, or the Class of Service 802.1p priority. When a frame enters or exits the
AP port (depending on whether the ACL is applied in the up or down direction), the AP inspects the frame and
checks the ACL rules against the content of the frame. If any of the rules match the content, a permit or deny
action is taken on the frame.
ACL Configuration Process
Configure ACLs and rules on the Client QoS ACL page (steps 1 – 5), and then apply the rules to a specified VAP
on the AP QoS Parameters page (step 6).
Use the following general steps to configure ACLs:
1. Specify a name for the ACL.
2. Select the type of ACL to add.
3. Add the ACL
4. Add new rules to the ACL.
5. Configure the match criteria for the rules.
6. Apply the ACL to one or more VAPs.
For an example of how to configure an ACL, see “ACL Configuration” on page 174
To configure an ACL, click the Client QoS ACL tab.
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The fields to configure ACL rules appear only after you have created an ACL. The following image shows the
configuration of a new rule for the IPv4 ACL named acl1. The rule prevents HTTP traffic from all clients in the
192.168.20.0 network from being forwarded.
Figure 41: Client QoS ACL
The following table describes the fields available on the Client QoS ACL page.
Table 53: ACL Configuration
Field
Description
ACL Configuration
ACL Name
ACL Type
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Enter a name to identify the ACL. The name can contain from 1 – 31 alphanumeric
characters. Spaces are not allowed.
Select the type of ACL to configure:
• IPv4
• IPv6
• MAC
IPv4 and IPv6 ACLs control access to network resources based on Layer 3 and Layer
4 criteria. MAC ACLs control access based on Layer 2 criteria.
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Table 53: ACL Configuration (Cont.)
Field
Description
ACL Rule Configuration
ACL Name ‐ ACL Type
Rule
Action
Match Every
Select the ACL to configure with the new rule. The list contains all ACLs added in the
ACL Configuration section.
To configure a new rule to add to the selected ACL, select New Rule. To add an
existing rule to an ACL or to modify a rule, select the rule number.
When an ACL has multiple rules, the rules are applied to the packet or frame in the
order in which you add them to the ACL. There is an implicit deny all rule as the final
rule.
Specifies whether the ACL rule permits or denies an action.
• When you select Permit, the rule allows all traffic that meets the rule criteria to
enter or exit the AP (depending on the ACL direction you select). Traffic that
does not meet the criteria is dropped.
• When you select Deny, the rule blocks all traffic that meets the rule criteria from
entering or exiting the AP (depending on the ACL direction you select). Traffic
that does not meet the criteria is forwarded unless this rule is the final rule.
Because there is an implicit deny all rule at the end of every ACL, traffic that is
not explicitly permitted is dropped.
Indicates that the rule, which either has a permit or deny action, will match the
frame or packet regardless of its contents.
If you select this field, you cannot configure any additional match criteria. The
Match Every option is selected by default for a new rule. You must clear the option
to configure other match fields.
IPv4 ACL
Protocol
Source IP Address
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Select the Protocol field to use an L3 or L4 protocol match condition based on the
value of the IP Protocol field in IPv4 packets or the Next Header field of IPv6 packets.
Once you select the field, choose the protocol to match by keyword or enter a
protocol ID.
Select From List
Select one of the following protocols from the list:
• IP
• ICMP
• IGMP
• TCP
• UDP
Match to Value
To match a protocol that is not listed by name, enter the protocol ID.
The protocol ID is a standard value assigned by the IANA. The range is a number
from 0 – 255.
Select this field to require a packet's source IP address to match the address listed
here. Enter an IP address in the appropriate field to apply this criteria.
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Table 53: ACL Configuration (Cont.)
Field
Description
Wild Card Mask
Specifies the source IP address wildcard mask.
The wild card masks determines which bits are used and which bits are ignored. A
wild card mask of 255.255.255.255 indicates that no bit is important. A wildcard of
0.0.0.0 indicates that all of the bits are important. This field is required when Source
IP Address is checked.
A wild card mask is, in essence, the inverse of a subnet mask. For example, To match
the criteria to a single host address, use a wildcard mask of 0.0.0.0. To match the
criteria to a 24‐bit subnet (for example 192.168.10.0/24), use a wild card mask of
0.0.0.255.
Select this field to include a source port in the match condition for the rule. The
source port is identified in the datagram header.
Once you select the field, choose the port name or enter the port number.
Select From List
Select the keyword associated with the source port to match:
• ftp
• ftpdata
• http
• smtp
• snmp
• telnet
• tftp
• www
Each of these keywords translates into its equivalent port number.
Match to Port
Enter the IANA port number to match to the source port identified in the datagram
header. The port range is 0 – 65535 and includes three different types of ports:
• 0 – 1023: Well Known Ports
• 1024 – 49151: Registered Ports
• 49152 – 65535: Dynamic and/or Private Ports
Select this field to require a packet's destination IP address to match the address
listed here. Enter an IP address in the appropriate field to apply this criteria.
Specifies the destination IP address wildcard mask.
The wild card masks determines which bits are used and which bits are ignored. A
wild card mask of 255.255.255.255 indicates that no bit is important. A wildcard of
0.0.0.0 indicates that all of the bits are important. This field is required when Source
IP Address is checked.
A wild card mask is in essence the inverse of a subnet mask. For example, To match
the criteria to a single host address, use a wildcard mask of 0.0.0.0. To match the
criteria to a 24‐bit subnet (for example 192.168.10.0/24), use a wild card mask of
0.0.0.255.
Source Port
Destination IP Address
Wild Card Mask
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Table 53: ACL Configuration (Cont.)
Field
Description
Destination Port
Select this field to include a destination port in the match condition for the rule. The
destination port is identified in the datagram header.
Once you select the field, choose the port name or enter the port number.
Select From List
Select the keyword associated with the destination port to match:
• ftp
• ftpdata
• http
• smtp
• snmp
• telnet
• tftp
• www
Each of these keywords translates into its equivalent port number.
Match to Port
Enter the IANA port number to match to the destination port identified in the
datagram header. The port range is 0 – 65535 and includes three different types of
ports:
• 0 – 1023: Well Known Ports
• 1024 – 49151: Registered Ports
• 49152 – 65535: Dynamic and/or Private Ports
To use IP DSCP as a match criteria, select the check box and select a DSCP value
keyword or enter a DSCP value to match. You can select only one service type (DSCP,
IP Precedence or TOS bits) to use for match criteria.
Select from List
Select from a list of DSCP types.
Match to Value
Enter a DSCP Value to match (0 – 63).
Select this option and enter a value to use the packet's IP Precedence value in the
IP header as match criteria. You can select only one service type (DSCP, IP
Precedence or TOS bits) to use for match criteria.
The IP Precedence range is 0 – 7.
Select this option and enter a value to use the packet's Type of Service bits in the IP
header as match criteria. You can select only one service type (DSCP, IP Precedence
or TOS bits) to use for match criteria.
The IP TOS field in a packet is defined as all eight bits of the Service Type octet in
the IP header. The TOS Bits value is a two‐digit hexadecimal number from 00 to ff.
The high‐order three bits represent the IP precedence value. The high‐order six bits
represent the IP Differentiated Services Code Point (DSCP) value.
IP DSCP
IP Precedence
IP TOS Bits
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Table 53: ACL Configuration (Cont.)
Field
Description
IP TOS Mask
Enter an IP TOS mask value to identify the bit positions in the TOS Bits value that are
used for comparison against the IP TOS field in a packet.
The TOS Mask value is a two‐digit hexadecimal number from 00 to ff, representing
an inverted (i.e. wildcard) mask. The zero‐valued bits in the TOS Mask denote the
bit positions in the TOS Bits value that are used for comparison against the IP TOS
field of a packet. For example, to check for an IP TOS value having bits 7 and 5 set
and bit 1 clear, where bit 7 is most significant, use a TOS Bits value of a0 and a TOS
Mask of 00. This is an optional configuration.
IPv6 ACL
Protocol
Select the Protocol field to use an L3 or L4 protocol match condition based on the
value of the IP Protocol field in IPv4 packets or the Next Header field of IPv6 packets.
Once you select the field, choose the protocol to match by keyword or protocol ID.
Source IPv6 Address
Select this field to require a packet's source IPv6 address to match the address listed
here. Enter an IPv6 address in the appropriate field to apply this criteria.
Source IPv6 Prefix Length Enter the prefix length of the source IPv6 address.
Source Port
Select this option to include a source port in the match condition for the rule. The
source port is identified in the datagram header.
Once you select the option, choose the port name or enter the port number.
Destination IPv6 Address Select this field to require a packet's destination IPv6 address to match the address
listed here. Enter an IPv6 address in the appropriate field to apply this criteria.
Destination IPv6 Prefix Enter the prefix length of the destination IPv6 address.
Length
Destination Port
Select this option to include a destination port in the match condition for the rule.
The destination port is identified in the datagram header.
Once you select the option, choose the port name or enter the port number.
IPv6 Flow Label
Flow label is 20‐bit number that is unique to an IPv6 packet. It is used by end
stations to signify quality‐of‐service handling in routers (range 0 to 1048575).
IPv6 DSCP
To use IPv6 DSCP as a match criteria, select the check box and select a DSCP value
keyword or enter a DSCP value to match. You can select only one service type (DSCP,
IP Precedence or TOS bits) to use for match criteria.
Select from List
Select from a list of DSCP types.
Match to Value
Enter a DSCP Value to match (0 – 63).
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Table 53: ACL Configuration (Cont.)
Field
Description
MAC ACL
EtherType
Class of Service
Source MAC Address
Source MAC Mask
Destination MAC
Address
Destination MAC Mask
VLAN ID
Select the EtherType field to compare the match criteria against the value in the
header of an Ethernet frame.
Select an EtherType keyword or enter an EtherType value to specify the match
criteria.
Select from List Select
Select one of the following protocol types:
• appletalk
• arp
• ipv4
• ipv6
• ipx
• netbios
• pppoe
Match to Value
Enter a custom protocol identifier to which packets are matched. The value is a four‐
digit hexidecimal number in the range of 0600 – FFFF.
Select this field and enter an 802.1p user priority to compare against an Ethernet
frame.
The valid range is 0 – 7. This field is located in the first/only 802.1Q VLAN tag.
Select this field and enter the source MAC address to compare against an Ethernet
frame.
Select this field and enter the source MAC address mask specifying which bits in the
source MAC to compare against an Ethernet frame.
A 0 indicates that the address bit is significant, and an f indicates that the address
bit is to be ignored. A MAC mask of 00:00:00:00:00:00 matches a single MAC
address.
Select this field and enter the destination MAC address to compare against an
Ethernet frame.
Enter the destination MAC address mask specifying which bits in the destination
MAC to compare against an Ethernet frame.
A 0 indicates that the address bit is significant, and an f indicates that the address
bit is to be ignored. A MAC mask of 00:00:00:00:00:00 matches a single MAC
address.
Select this field and enter the VLAN IDs to compare against an Ethernet frame.
This field is located in the first/only 802.1Q VLAN tag.
After you set the desired rule criteria, click Apply. To delete an ACL, select the Delete ACL option and click
Apply.
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Creating a DiffServ Class Map
Creating a DiffServ Class Map
The Client QoS feature contains Differentiated Services (DiffServ) support that allows traffic to be classified into
streams and given certain QoS treatment in accordance with defined per‐hop behaviors.
Standard IP‐based networks are designed to provide best effort data delivery service. Best effort service implies
that the network delivers the data in a timely fashion, although there is no guarantee that it will. During times
of congestion, packets may be delayed, sent sporadically, or dropped. For typical Internet applications, such as
e‐mail and file transfer, a slight degradation in service is acceptable and in many cases unnoticeable. However,
on applications with strict timing requirements, such as voice or multimedia, any degradation of service has
undesirable effects.
By classifying the traffic and creating policies that define how to handle these traffic classes, you can make sure
that time‐sensitive traffic is given precedence over other traffic.
The UAP supports up to 50 Class Maps.
Defining DiffServ
To use DiffServ for Client QoS, use the Class Map and Policy Map pages to define the following categories and
their criteria:
• Class: create classes and define class criteria
• Policy: create policies, associate classes with policies, and define policy statements
Once you define the class and associate it with a policy, apply the policy to a specified VAP on the VAP QoS
Parameters page.
Packets are classified and processed based on defined criteria. The classification criteria is defined by a class.
The processing is defined by a policy's attributes. Policy attributes may be defined on a per‐class instance basis,
and it is these attributes that are applied when a match occurs. A policy can contain multiple classes. When the
policy is active, the actions taken depend on which class matches the packet.
Packet processing begins by testing the class match criteria for a packet. A policy is applied to a packet when a
class match within that policy is found. DiffServ is supported for IPv4 and IPv6 packets.
Use the Class Map page to add a new Diffserv class name, or to rename or delete an existing class, and define
the criteria to associate with the DiffServ class.
To configure a DiffServ Class Map, click the Class Map tab.
Note: The Class Map page displays the Match Criteria Configuration fields only if a Class Map has been
created. To create a Class Map, enter a name in the Class Map Name field and click Add Class Map.
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Figure 42: Client QoS DiffServ Class Map
Table 54: DiffServ Class Map
Field
Description
Class Map Configuration
Class Map Name
Match Layer 3 Protocol
Enter a Class Map Name to add. The name can range from 1 to 31
alphanumeric characters.
Specify whether to classify IPv4 or IPv6 packets.
Match Criteria Configuration
Class Map Name
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Select name of the class to configure.
Use the fields in the Match Criteria Configuration area to match packets to a
class. Select the check box for each field to be used as a criterion for a class and
enter data in the related field. You can have multiple match criteria in a class.
Note: The match criteria fields that are available depend on whether the class
map is an IPv4 or IPv6 class map.
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Table 54: DiffServ Class Map (Cont.)
Field
Description
Match Every
Select Match Every to specify that the match condition is true to all the
parameters in an L3 packet.
All L3 packets will match an Match Every match condition.
Select the Protocol field to use an L3 or L4 protocol match condition based on
the value of the IP Protocol field in IPv4 packets or the Next Header field of IPv6
packets.
Once you select the field, choose the protocol to match by keyword or enter a
protocol ID.
Select From List
Select one of the following protocols from the list:
• IP
• ICMP
• IPv6
• ICMPv6
• IGMP
• TCP
• UDP
Match to Value
To match a protocol that is not listed by name, enter the protocol ID.
The protocol ID is a standard value assigned by the IANA. The range is a number
from 0 – 255.
Protocol
IPv4 Class Maps
Source IP Address
Source IP Mask
Destination IP Address
Destination IP Mask
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Select this field to require a packet's source IP address to match the address
listed here. Enter an IP address in the appropriate field to apply this criteria.
Enter the source IP address mask.
The mask for DiffServ is a network‐style bit mask in IP dotted decimal format
indicating which part(s) of the destination IP Address to use for matching
against packet content.
A DiffServ mask of 255.255.255.255 indicates that all bits are important, and a
mask of 0.0.0.0 indicates that no bits are important. The opposite is true with
an ACL wild card mask. For example, to match the criteria to a single host
address, use a DiffServ mask of 255.255.255.255. To match the criteria to a 24‐
bit subnet (for example 192.168.10.0/24), use a mask of 255.255.255.0.
Select this field to require a packet's destination IP address to match the
address listed here. Enter an IP address in the appropriate field to apply this
criteria.
Enter the destination IP address mask.
The mask for DiffServ is a network‐style bit mask in IP dotted decimal format
indicating which part(s) of the destination IP Address to use for matching
against packet content.
A DiffServ mask of 255.255.255.255 indicates that all bits are important, and a
mask of 0.0.0.0 indicates that no bits are important. The opposite is true with
an ACL wild card mask. For example, to match the criteria to a single host
address, use a DiffServ mask of 255.255.255.255. To match the criteria to a 24‐
bit subnet (for example 192.168.10.0/24), use a mask of 255.255.255.0.
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Table 54: DiffServ Class Map (Cont.)
Field
Description
IPv6 Class Maps
Source IPv6 Address
Source IPv6 Prefix Length
Destination IPv6 Address
Destination IPv6 Prefix
Length
IPv6 Flow Label
IP DSCP
Select this field to require a packet's source IPv6 address to match the address
listed here. Enter an IPv6 address in the appropriate field to apply this criteria.
Enter the prefix length of the source IPv6 address.
Select this field to require a packet's destination IPv6 address to match the
address listed here. Enter an IPv6 address in the appropriate field to apply this
criteria.
Enter the prefix length of the destination IPv6 address.
Flow label is 20‐bit number that is unique to an IPv6 packet. It is used by end
stations to signify quality‐of‐service handling in routers (range 0 to 1048575).
To use IP DSCP as a match criteria, select the check box and select a DSCP value
keyword or enter a DSCP.
Select from List
Select from a list of DSCP types.
Match to Value
Enter a DSCP Value to match (0 – 63).
IPv4 and IPv6 Class Maps
Source Port
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Select this field to include a source port in the match condition for the rule. The
source port is identified in the datagram header.
Once you select the field, choose the port name or enter the port number.
Select From List
Select the keyword associated with the source port to match:
• ftp
• ftpdata
• http
• smtp
• snmp
• telnet
• tftp
• www
Each of these keywords translates into its equivalent port number.
Match to Port
Enter the IANA port number to match to the source port identified in the
datagram header. The port range is 0 – 65535 and includes three different types
of ports:
• 0 – 1023: Well Known Ports
• 1024 – 49151: Registered Ports
• 49152 – 65535: Dynamic and/or Private Ports
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Table 54: DiffServ Class Map (Cont.)
Field
Description
Destination Port
Select this field to include a destination port in the match condition for the
rule. The destination port is identified in the datagram header.
Once you select the field, choose the port name or enter the port number.
Select From List
Select the keyword associated with the destination port to match:
• ftp
• ftpdata
• http
• smtp
• snmp
• telnet
• tftp
• www
Each of these keywords translates into its equivalent port number.
Match to Port
Enter the IANA port number to match to the destination port identified in the
datagram header. The port range is 0 – 65535 and includes three different types
of ports:
• 0 – 1023: Well Known Ports
• 1024 – 49151: Registered Ports
• 49152 – 65535: Dynamic and/or Private Ports
Select the EtherType field to compare the match criteria against the value in
the header of an Ethernet frame.
Select an EtherType keyword or enter an EtherType value to specify the match
criteria.
Select from List Select
Select one of the following protocol types:
• appletalk
• arp
• ipv4
• ipv6
• ipx
• netbios
• pppoe
Match to Value
Enter a custom protocol identifier to which packets are matched. The value is
a four‐digit hexidecimal number in the range of 0600 – FFFF.
Select the field and enter a class of service 802.1p user priority value to be
matched for the packets. The valid range is 0 – 7.
Select this field and enter the source MAC address to compare against an
Ethernet frame.
EtherType
Class of Service
Source MAC Address
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Table 54: DiffServ Class Map (Cont.)
Field
Description
Source MAC Mask
Enter the source MAC address mask specifying which bits in the destination
MAC to compare against an Ethernet frame.
An f indicates that the address bit is significant, and a 0 indicates that the
address bit is to be ignored. A MAC mask of ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff matches a single MAC
address.
Select this field and enter the destination MAC address to compare against an
Ethernet frame.
Enter the destination MAC address mask specifying which bits in the
destination MAC to compare against an Ethernet frame.
An f indicates that the address bit is significant, and a 0 indicates that the
address bit is to be ignored. A MAC mask of ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff matches a single MAC
address.
Select the field and enter a VLAN ID to be matched for packets. The VLAN ID
range is 0 – 4095.
Destination MAC Address
Destination MAC Mask
VLAN ID
IPv4 Class Maps
Service Type
IP DSCP
IP Precedence
IP TOS Bits
IP TOS Mask
Delete Class Map
You can specify one type of service to use in matching packets to class criteria.
To use IP DSCP as a match criteria, select the check box and select a DSCP value
keyword or enter a DSCP.
Select from List
Select from a list of DSCP types.
Match to Value
Enter a DSCP Value to match (0 – 63).
Select this field to match the packet's IP Precedence value to the class criteria
IP Precedence value.
The IP Precedence range is 0 – 7.
Select this field and enter a value to use the packet's Type of Service bits in the
IP header as match criteria.
The TOS bit value ranges between (00 – FF). The high‐order three bits represent
the IP precedence value. The high‐order six bits represent the IP Differentiated
Services Code Point (DSCP) value.
Enter an IP TOS mask value to perform a boolean AND with the TOS field in the
header of the packet and compared against the TOS entered for this rule.
The TOS Mask can be used to compare specific bits (Precedence/Type of
Service) from the TOS field in the IP header of a packet against the TOS value
entered for this rule. (00 – FF).
Check to delete the class map selected in the Class Map Name menu. The class
map cannot be deleted if it is already attached to a policy.
To delete a Class Map, select the Delete Class Map option and click Apply.
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Creating a DiffServ Policy Map
Use the Policy Map page to create DiffServ policies and to associate a collection of classes with one or more
policy statements.
The UAP supports up to 50 Policy Maps.
Packets are classified and processed based on defined criteria. The classification criteria is defined by a class on
the Class Map page. The processing is defined by a policy's attributes on the Policy Map page. Policy attributes
may be defined on a per‐class instance basis, and it is these attributes that are applied when a match occurs.
A Policy Map can contain up to 10 Class Maps. When the policy is active, the actions taken depend on which
class matches the packet.
Packet processing begins by testing the class match criteria for a packet. A policy is applied to a packet when a
class match within that policy is found.
To create a DiffServ policy, click the Policy Map tab.
Figure 43: Client QoS DiffServ Policy Map
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Table 55: DiffServ Policy Map
Field
Description
Policy Map Name
Enter then name of the policy map to add. The name can contain up to 31
alphanumeric characters.
Select the policy to associate with a member class.
Policy Map Name (Policy
Class Definition)
Class Map Name (Policy Class Select the member class to associate with this policy name.
Definition)
Police Simple
Select this option to establish the traffic policing style for the class. The simple
form of the policing style uses a single data rate and burst size, resulting in two
outcomes: conform and nonconform.
Committed Rate
Enter the committed rate, in Kbps, to which traffic must conform.
Committed Burst
Enter the committed burst size, in bytes, to which traffic must conform.
Send
Select Send to specify that all packets for the associated traffic stream are to
be forwarded if the class map criteria is met.
Drop
Select Drop to specify that all packets for the associated traffic stream are to
be dropped if the class map criteria is met.
Mark Class of Service
Select this field to mark all packets for the associated traffic stream with the
specified class of service value in the priority field of the 802.1p header. If the
packet does not already contain this header, one is inserted. The CoS value is
an integer from 0 – 7.
Mark IP DSCP
Select this field to mark all packets for the associated traffic stream with the IP
DSCP value you select from the list or specify.
Select from List
Select from a list of DSCP types.
Match to Value
Enter a DSCP Value to match (0 – 63).
Select this field to mark all packets for the associated traffic stream with the
Mark IP Precedence
specified IP Precedence value. The IP Precedence value is an integer from 0 – 7.
Disassociate Class Map
Select this option and click Apply to remove the class selected in the Class Map
Name menu from the policy selected in the Policy Map Name menu.
Member Classes
Lists all DiffServ classes currently defined as members of the selected policy. If
no class is associated with the policy, the field is empty.
Delete Policy Map
Select this field to delete the policy map showing in the Policy Map Name
menu.
To delete a Policy Map, select the Delete Policy Map option and click Apply.
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Client QoS Status
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Client QoS Status
The Client QoS Status page shows the client QoS settings that are applied to each client currently associated
with the AP.
To view QoS settings for an associated client, click the Client QoS Status tab.
Figure 44: Client QoS Status
Table 56: Client QoS Status
Field
Description
Station
The Station menu contains the MAC address of each client currently associated with
the AP. To view the QoS settings applied to a client, select its MAC address from the
list.
Global QoS Mode
Shows the current Client QoS Global Admin Mode on the AP.
Client QoS Mode
Shows whether the QOS mode for the selected client is enabled or disabled.
Note: For the Qos Mode to be enabled on a client, it must be globally enabled on
the AP and enabled on the VAP the client is associated with. Use the VAP QoS
Parameters page to enable the QoS Global Admin mode and the per‐VAP QoS
Mode.
Bandwidth Limit Up
Shows the maximum allowed transmission rate from the client to the AP in bits per
second (bps). The valid range is 0 – 4294967295 bps.
Bandwidth Limit Down Shows the maximum allowed transmission rate from the AP to the client in bits per
second (bps). The valid range is 0 – 4294967295 bps.
ACL Type Up
Shows the type of ACL that is applied to traffic in the inbound (client‐to‐AP)
direction, which can be one of the following:
• IPv4: The ACL examines IPv4 packets for matches to ACL rules.
• IPv6: The ACL examines IPv6 packets for matches to ACL rules.
• MAC: The ACL examines layer 2 frames for matches to ACL rules.
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Configuring RADIUS‐Assigned Client QoS Parameters
Table 56: Client QoS Status (Cont.)
Field
Description
ACL Name Up
Shows the name of the ACL applied to traffic entering the AP in the inbound
direction.
When a packet or frame is received by the AP, the ACL's rules are checked for a
match. The packet or frame is processed if it is permitted and discarded if it is
denied.
Shows the type of ACL to apply to traffic in the outbound (AP‐to‐client) direction,
which can be one of the following:
• IPv4: The ACL examines IPv4 packets for matches to ACL rules.
• IPv6: The ACL examines IPv6 packets for matches to ACL rules
• MAC: The ACL examines layer 2 frames for matches to ACL rules
Shows the name of the ACL applied to traffic in the outbound direction.
After switching the packet or frame to the outbound interface, the ACL's rules are
checked for a match. The packet or frame is transmitted if it is permitted and
discarded if it is denied.
Shows the name of the DiffServ policy applied to traffic sent to the AP in the inbound
(client‐to‐AP) direction.
Shows the name of the DiffServ policy applied to traffic from the AP in the outbound
(AP‐to‐client) direction.
ACL Type Down
ACL Name Down
DiffServ Policy Up
DiffServ Policy Down
Configuring RADIUS‐Assigned Client QoS Parameters
If a VAP is configured to use WPA Enterprise security, you can include client QoS information in the client
database on the RADIUS server. When a client successfully authenticates, the RADIUS server can include
bandwidth limits and identify the ACLs and DiffServ policies to apply to the specific wireless client. ACLs and
DiffServ policies referenced in the RADIUS client database must match the names of the ACLs and DiffServ
policies configured on the AP to be successfully applied to the wireless clients.
Table 57 describes the QoS attributes that can be included in the client's RADIUS server entry. If a wireless
client successfully authenticates using WPA Enterprise, each QoS RADIUS attribute that exists for the client is
sent to the AP for processing. The attributes are optional and do not need to be present in the client entry. If
the attribute is not present, the Client QoS setting on the AP is used.
Table 57: Client QoS RADIUS Attributes
RADIUS Attribute
ID
Vendor‐Specific (26), 14122,8
WISPr‐Bandwidth‐
Max‐Down
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Description
Type/Range
Maximum allowed client reception rate from Type: integer
the AP in bits per second. If nonzero, the
32‐bit unsigned integer
specified value is rounded down to the nearest value (0‐4294967295)
64 Kbps value when used in the AP (64 Kbps
minimum). If zero, bandwidth limiting is not
enforced for the client in this direction.
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Configuring RADIUS‐Assigned Client QoS Parameters
Table 57: Client QoS RADIUS Attributes (Cont.)
RADIUS Attribute
ID
Vendor‐Specific (26), 14122,7
WISPr‐Bandwidth‐
Max‐Up
Vendor‐Specific (26), 6132,120
LVL7‐Wireless‐Client‐
ACL‐Dn
Vendor‐Specific (26), 6132,121
LVL7‐Wireless‐Client‐
ACL‐Up
Vendor‐Specific (26), 6132,122
LVL7‐Wireless‐Client‐
Policy‐Dn
Vendor‐Specific (26), 6132,123
LVL7‐Wireless‐Client‐
Policy‐Up
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Description
Type/Range
Maximum allowed client transmission rate to
the AP in bits per second. If nonzero, the
specified value is rounded down to the nearest
64 Kbps value when used in the AP (64 Kbps
minimum). If zero, bandwidth limiting is not
enforced for the client in this direction.
Access list identifier to be applied to 802.1X
authenticated wireless client traffic in the
outbound (down) direction.
If this attribute refers to an ACL that does not
exist on the AP, all packets for this client will be
dropped until the ACL is defined.
Type: integer
32‐bit unsigned integer
value (0‐4294967295)
Type: string
5‐36 characters (not null‐
terminated)
The string is of the form
“type:name” where: type =
ACL type identifier: IPV4,
IPV6, MAC
: = required separator
character
name = 1‐31 alphanumeric
characters, specifying the
ACL number (IPV4) or
name (IPV6, MAC)
Type: string
Access list identifier to be applied to 802.1X
authenticated wireless client traffic in the
5‐36 characters (not null‐
inbound (up) direction.
terminated) The string is of
If this attribute refers to an ACL that does not the form “type:name”
exist on the AP, all packets for this client will be where: type = ACL type
dropped until the ACL is defined.
identifier: IPV4, IPV6, MAC
: = required separator
character
name = 1‐31 alphanumeric
characters, specifying the
ACL number (IPV4) or
name (IPV6, MAC)
Name of DiffServ policy to be applied to 802.1X Type: string
authenticated wireless client traffic in the
1‐31 characters (not null‐
outbound (down) direction.
terminated)
If this attribute refers to a policy name that
does not exist on the AP, all packets for this
client will be dropped until the DiffServ policy is
defined.
Name of DiffServ policy to be applied to 802.1X Type: string
authenticated wireless client traffic in the
1‐31 characters (not null‐
inbound (up) direction.
terminated)
If this attribute refers to a policy name that
does not exist on the AP, all packets for this
client will be dropped until the DiffServ policy is
defined.
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Clustering Multiple APs
Unified Access Point Administrator’s Guide
Section 9: Clustering Multiple APs
The UAP supports AP clusters. A cluster provides a single point of administration and lets you view, deploy,
configure, and secure the wireless network as a single entity rather than a series of separate wireless devices.
Managing Access Points in the Cluster
The AP cluster is a dynamic, configuration‐aware group of APs in the same subnet of a network. Each cluster
can have up to 16 members. Only one cluster per wireless network is supported; however, a network subnet
can have multiple clusters. Clusters can share various configuration information, such as VAP settings and QoS
queue parameters.
A cluster can be formed between two APs if the following conditions are met:
• The APs use the same radio mode (for example, radio 1 uses 802.11g)
• The APs are connected on the same bridged segment.
• The APs joining the cluster have the same Cluster Name.
• Clustering mode is enabled on both APs.
Note: For two APs to be in the same cluster, they do not need to have the same number of radios;
however, the supported capabilities of the radios should be same.
Note: The web‐based UI images in this section show the DWL‐8600AP administration pages. Pages
for the DWL‐3600AP will not display information for Radio 2 because it has only one radio.
Clustering Single and Dual Radio APs
Clustering of single‐ and dual‐radios is not supported. A cluster can contain a mix if DWL‐6600AP and
DWL‐8600AP access points, but this cluster should not contain any DWL‐3600APs.
Viewing and Configuring Cluster Members
The Access Points page allows you to start or stop clustering on an AP, view the cluster members, and configure
the location and cluster name for a cluster member. From the Access Points page, you can also click the IP
address of each cluster member to navigate to configuration settings and data on an access point in the cluster.
To view information about cluster members and to configure the location and cluster of an individual member,
click the Access Points tab.
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Managing Access Points in the Cluster
The following figure shows the Cluster > Access Points page when clustering is not enabled.
Figure 45: Cluster Information and Member Configuration
The following figure shows the Cluster > Access Points page when clustering is enabled and two access points
are in the cluster.
Figure 46: Cluster Information and Member Configuration
If clustering is currently disabled on the AP, the Start Clustering button is visible. If clustering is enabled, the
Stop Clustering button is visible. You can edit the clustering option information when clustering is disabled.
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The following table describes the configuration and status information available on the cluster Access Points
page.
Table 58: Access Points in the Cluster
Field
Description
Status
If the status field is visible, then the AP is enabled for clustering. If clustering is not enabled,
then the AP is operating in stand‐alone mode and none of the information in this table is
visible.
To disable clustering on the AP, click Stop Clustering.
Description of where the access point is physically located.
Media Access Control (MAC) address of the access point.
The address shown here is the MAC address for the bridge (br0). This is the address by
which the AP is known externally to other networks.
Specifies the IP address for the access point.
Each IP address is a link to the Administration Web pages for that access point. You can use
the links to navigate to the Administration Web pages for a specific access point. This is
useful for viewing data on a specific access point to make sure a cluster member is picking
up cluster configuration changes, to configure advanced settings on a particular access
point, or to switch a standalone access point to cluster mode.
Location
MAC Address
IP Address
The following table describes the cluster information to configure for an individual member. The clustering
options are read‐only when clustering is enabled. To configure the clustering options, you must stop clustering.
Table 59: Clustering Options
Field
Description
Location
Cluster Name
Enter a description of where the access point is physically located.
Enter the name of the cluster for the AP to join.
The cluster name is not sent to other APs in the cluster. You must configure the same
cluster name on each AP that is a member of the cluster. The cluster name must be
unique for each cluster you configure on the network.
Specify the IP version that the APs in the cluster use to communicate with each
other.
Clustering IP Version
Removing an Access Point from the Cluster
To remove an access point from the cluster, do the following.
1. Go to the Administration Web pages for the clustered access point.
The Administration Web pages for the standalone access point are displayed.
2. Click the Cluster > Access Points link in the Administration pages.
3. Click Stop Clustering.
The change will be reflected under Status for that access point; the access point will now show as
stand‐alone (instead of cluster).
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Adding an Access Point to a Cluster
To add an access point that is currently in standalone mode back into a cluster, do the following.
1. Go to the Administration Web pages for the standalone access point.
2. Click the Cluster > Access Points link in the Administration pages for the stand‐alone access point.
The Access Points page for a standalone access point indicates that the current mode is standalone.
3. Type the name or location of the AP in the Location field to identify the AP within the cluster.
4. Type the name of the cluster for the AP to join in the Cluster Name field.
5. Click Start Clustering.
The access point is now a cluster member. Its Status (Mode) on the Cluster > Access Points page now
indicates Cluster instead of Not Clustered.
Navigating to Configuration Information for a Specific AP
In general, the UAP is designed for central management of clustered access points. For access points in a cluster,
all access points in the cluster reflect the same configuration. In this case, it does not matter which access point
you actually connect to for administration.
There may be situations, however, when you want to view or manage information on a particular access point.
For example, you might want to check status information such as client associations or events for an access
point. In this case, you can navigate to the Administration Web interface for individual access points by clicking
the IP address links on the Access Points page.
All clustered access points are shown on the Cluster > Access Points page. To navigate to clustered access
points, you can simply click on the IP address for a specific cluster member shown in the list.
Navigating to an AP by Using its IP Address in a URL
You can also link to the Administration Web pages of a specific access point, by entering the IP address for that
access point as a URL directly into a Web browser address bar in the following form:
http://IPAddressOfAccessPoint
where IPAddressOfAccessPoint is the address of the particular access point you want to monitor or configure.
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Managing Cluster Sessions
The Sessions page shows information about client stations associated with access points in the cluster. Each
client is identified by its MAC address, along with the AP (location) to which it is currently connected.
To view a particular statistic for client sessions, select an item from the Display drop‐down list and click Go. You
can view information about idle time, data rate, signal strength and so on; all of which are described in detail
in the table below.
A session in this context is the period of time in which a user on a client device (station) with a unique MAC
address maintains a connection with the wireless network. The session begins when the client logs on to the
network, and the session ends when the client either logs off intentionally or loses the connection for some
other reason.
Note: A session is not the same as an association, which describes a client connection to a particular
access point. A client network connection can shift from one clustered AP to another within the
context of the same session. A client station can roam between APs and maintain the session.
To manage sessions associated with the cluster, click Cluster > Sessions.
Figure 47: Session Management
Details about the session information shown is described in the following table.
Table 60: Session Management
Field
Description
AP Location
Indicates the location of the access point.
This is derived from the location description specified on the Basic Settings page.
Indicates the MAC address of the wireless client device.
A MAC address is a hardware address that uniquely identifies each node of a network.
Indicates the amount of time this station has remained inactive.
A station is considered to be idle when it is not receiving or transmitting data.
User MAC
Idle
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Configuring and Viewing Channel Management Settings
Table 60: Session Management
Field
Description
Rate
The speed at which this access point is transferring data to the specified client.
The data transmission rate is measured in megabits per second (Mbps).
This value should fall within the range of the advertised rate set for the mode in use on
the access point. For example, 6 to 54 Mbps for 802.11a.
Indicates the strength of the radio frequency (RF) signal the client receives from the
access point.
The measure used for this is a value known as Received Signal Strength Indication (RSSI),
and will be a value between 0 and 100.
RSSI is determined by a mechanism implemented on the network interface card (NIC) of
the client station.
Indicates number of total packets received by the client during the current session.
Indicates number of total packets transmitted to the client during this session.
Indicates the percentage of time frames are dropped during transmission on this access
point.
Signal
Rx Total
Tx Total
Error Rate
Sorting Session Information
To sort the information shown in the tables by a particular indicator, click the column label by which you want
to order things. For example, if you want to see the table rows ordered by signal strength, click the Signal
column label. The entries will be sorted by signal strength.
Configuring and Viewing Channel Management Settings
When Channel Management is enabled, the UAP automatically assigns radio channels used by clustered access
points. The automatic channel assignment reduces mutual interference (or interference with other access
points outside of its cluster) and maximizes Wi‐Fi bandwidth to help maintain the efficiency of communication
over the wireless network.
You must start channel management to get automatic channel assignments; it is disabled by default on a new
AP.
At a specified interval, the Channel Manager maps APs to channel use and measures interference levels in the
cluster. If significant channel interference is detected, the Channel Manager automatically re‐assigns some or
all of the APs to new channels per an efficiency algorithm (or automated channel plan). If the Channel Manager
determines that a change is necessary, that information is sent to all members of the cluster and a syslog
message is generated indicating the sender AP, new and old channel assignments.
The Channel Management page shows previous, current, and planned channel assignments for clustered
access points. By default, automatic channel assignment is disabled. You can start channel management to
optimize channel usage across the cluster on a scheduled interval.
To configure and view the channel assignments for the cluster members, click the Channel Management tab.
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Configuring and Viewing Channel Management Settings
Figure 48: Channel Management
From this page, you can view channel assignments for all APs in the cluster and stop or start automatic channel
management. By using the Advanced settings on the page, you can modify the interference reduction potential
that triggers channel re‐assignment, change the schedule for automatic updates, and re‐configure the channel
set used for assignments.
Stopping/Starting Automatic Channel Assignment
By default, automatic channel assignment is disabled (off).
Note: Channel Management overrides the default cluster behavior, which is to synchronize radio
channels of all APs across a cluster. When Channel Management is enabled, the radio Channel is
not synced across the cluster to other APs.
• Click Start to resume automatic channel assignment.
When automatic channel assignment is enabled, the Channel Manager periodically maps radio channels
used by clustered access points and, if necessary, re‐assigns channels on clustered APs to reduce
interference (with cluster members or other APs outside the cluster).
• Click Stop to stop automatic channel assignment. (No channel usage maps or channel re‐assignments will
be made. Only manual updates will affect the channel assignment.)
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Configuring and Viewing Channel Management Settings
Viewing Current Channel Assignments and Setting Locks
The Current Channel Assignments section shows a list of all access points in the cluster by IP Address. The
display shows the band on which each AP is broadcasting (a/b/g/n), the current channel used by each AP, and
an option to lock an AP on its current radio channel so that it cannot be re‐assigned to another.
The following table provides details about Current Channel Assignments.
Table 61: Channel Assignments
Field
Description
IP Address
Radio
Band
Current
Status
Locked
Specifies the IP Address for the access point.
Identifies the MAC address of the radio.
Indicates the band on which the access point is broadcasting.
Indicates the radio Channel on which this access point is currently broadcasting.
Shows whether the radio is up (on) or down (off).
Click Locked to force the access point to remain on the current channel.
When Locked is selected (enabled) for an access point, automated channel management
plans will not re‐assign the AP to a different channel as a part of the optimization strategy.
Instead, APs with locked channels will be factored in as requirements for the plan.
If you click Apply, you will see that locked APs show the same channel for the Current
Channel and Proposed Channel fields. Locked APs will keep their current channels.
Viewing the Last Proposed Set of Changes
The Proposed Channel Assignments shows the last channel plan. The plan lists all access points in the cluster
by IP Address, and shows the current and proposed channels for each AP. Locked channels will not be re‐
assigned and the optimization of channel distribution among APs will take into account the fact that locked APs
must remain on their current channels. APs that are not locked may be assigned to different channels than they
were previously using, depending on the results of the plan.
Table 62: Last Proposed Changes
Field
Description
IP Address
Radio
Proposed Channel
Specifies the IP Address for the access point.
Indicates the radio channel on which this access point is currently broadcasting.
Indicates the radio channel to which this access point would be re‐assigned if the
Channel Plan is executed.
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Configuring and Viewing Channel Management Settings
Configuring Advanced Settings
The advanced settings allow you to customize and schedule the channel plan for the cluster. If you use Channel
Management as provided (without updating Advanced Settings), channels are automatically fine‐tuned once
every hour if interference can be reduced by 25 percent or more. Channels will be re‐assigned even if the
network is busy. The appropriate channel sets will be used (b/g for APs using IEEE 802.11b/g and a for APs using
IEEE 802.11a).
The default settings are designed to satisfy most scenarios where you would need to implement channel
management.
Use Advanced Settings to modify the interference reduction potential that triggers channel re‐assignment,
change the schedule for automatic updates, and re‐configure the channel set used for assignments. If there are
no fields showing in the Advanced section, click the toggle button to display the settings that modify timing
and details of the channel planning algorithm.
Table 63: Advanced Channel Management Settings
Field
Description
Change channels if
interference is reduced by at
least
Specify the minimum percentage of interference reduction a proposed plan
must achieve in order to be applied. The default is 75 percent.
Use the drop‐down menu to choose percentages ranging from 5 percent to
75 percent.
This setting lets you set a gating factor for channel re‐assignment so that the
network is not continually disrupted for minimal gains in efficiency.
For example, if channel interference must be reduced by 75 percent and the
proposed channel assignments will only reduce interference by 30 percent,
then channels will not be re‐assigned. However; if you re‐set the minimal
channel interference benefit to 25 percent and click Apply, the proposed
channel plan will be implemented and channels re‐assigned as needed.
Determine if there is better set Use the drop‐down menu to specify the schedule for automated updates.
of channels every
A range of intervals is provided, from 30 Minutes to 6 Months
The default is 1 Hour (channel usage re‐assessed and the resulting channel
plan applied every hour).
Click Apply under Advanced settings to apply these settings.
Advanced settings will take effect when they are applied and influence how automatic channel management
is performed.
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Viewing Wireless Neighborhood Information
Viewing Wireless Neighborhood Information
The Wireless Neighborhood shows up to 20 access points per radio within range of every member of the
cluster, shows which access points are within range of which cluster members, and distinguishes between
cluster members and non‐members.
Note: The Wireless Neighborhood page shows up to 20 access points per radio. To see all the access
points detected on a given cluster access point, navigate to that cluster member's web interface and
go to the Status > Neighboring Access Points page.
For each neighbor access point, the Wireless Neighborhood view shows identifying information (SSID or
Network Name, IP Address, MAC address) along with radio statistics (signal strength, channel, beacon interval).
You can click on an AP to get additional statistics about the APs in radio range of the currently selected AP.
The Wireless Neighborhood view can help you:
• Detect and locate unexpected (or rogue) access points in a wireless domain so that you can take action to
limit associated risks
• Verify coverage expectations. By assessing which APs are visible at what signal strength from other APs,
you can verify that the deployment meets your planning goals.
• Detect faults. Unexpected changes in the coverage pattern are evident at a glance in the color coded table.
Figure 49: Wireless Neighborhood
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Viewing Wireless Neighborhood Information
The following table describes details about the Wireless Neighborhood information.
Table 64: Wireless Neighborhood Information
Field
Description
Display neighboring APs Click one of the following radio buttons to change the view:
• In cluster — Shows only neighbor APs that are members of the cluster
• Not in cluster — Shows only neighbor APs that are not cluster members
• Both — Shows all neighbor APs (cluster members and non‐members)
Cluster
The Cluster list at the top of the table shows IP addresses for all access points in the
cluster. (This is the same list of cluster members shown on the Cluster > Access
Points tab.)
If there is only one AP in the cluster, only a single IP address column will be
displayed here; indicating that the AP is clustered with itself.
You can click on an IP address to view more details on a particular AP.
Neighbors
Access points which are neighbors of one or more of the clustered APs are listed in
the left column by SSID (Network Name).
An access point which is detected as a neighbor of a cluster member can also be a
cluster member itself. Neighbors who are also cluster members are always shown
at the top of the list with a heavy bar above and include a location indicator.
The colored bars to the right of each AP in the Neighbors list shows the signal
strength for each of the neighbor APs as detected by the cluster member whose IP
address is shown at the top of the column.
The color of the bar indicates the signal strength:
• Dark Blue Bar — A dark blue bar and a high signal strength number (for example
50) indicates good signal strength detected from the Neighbor seen by the AP
whose IP address is listed above that column.
• Lighter Blue Bar — A lighter blue bar and a lower signal strength number (for
example 20 or lower) indicates medium or weak signal strength from the
Neighbor seen by the AP whose IP address is listed above that column
• White Bar — A white bar and the number 0 indicates that a neighboring AP that
was detected by one of the cluster members cannot be detected by the AP
whose IP address if listed above that column.
• Light Gray Bar — A light gray bar and no signal strength number indicates a
Neighbor that is detected by other cluster members but not by the AP whose
IP address is listed above that column.
• Dark Gray Bar — A dark gray bar and no signal strength number indicates this is
the AP whose IP address is listed above that column (since it is not applicable
to show how well the AP can detect itself).
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Viewing Wireless Neighborhood Information
Viewing Details for a Cluster Member
To view details on a cluster member AP, click on the IP address of a cluster member at the top of the page. The
following figure shows the Neighbor Details for Radio 1 of the AP with an IP address of 10.27.65.66.
Figure 50: Details for a Cluster Member AP
The following table explains the details shown about the selected AP.
Table 65: Cluster Member Details
Field
Description
SSID
The Service Set Identifier (SSID) for the access point.
The SSID is an alphanumeric string of up to 32 characters that uniquely identifies a
wireless local area network. It is also referred to as the Network Name.
A Guest network and an Internal network running on the same access point must always
have two different network names.
Shows the MAC address of the neighboring access point.
A MAC address is a hardware address that uniquely identifies each node of a network.
Shows the channel on which the access point is currently broadcasting.
The Channel defines the portion of the radio spectrum that the radio uses for
transmitting and receiving.
Shows the rate (in megabits per second) at which this access point is currently
transmitting.
The current rate will always be one of the rates shown in Supported Rates.
Indicates the strength of the radio signal emitting from this access point as measured in
decibels (Db).
Shows the Beacon interval being used by this access point.
Beacon frames are transmitted by an access point at regular intervals to announce the
existence of the wireless network. The default behavior is to send a beacon frame once
every 100 milliseconds (or 10 per second).
Shows the date and time of the last beacon received from this access point.
MAC Address
Channel
Rate
Signal
Beacon Interval
Beacon Age
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A p p e n d i x A : D efau l t A P S et t i n g s
When you first power on a UAP, it has the default settings shown in the following table.
Note: The DWL‐3600AP supports one radio, and it is capable of operating in the IEEE 802.11b,
802.11g, and 802.11n (2.4 GHz) modes. Radio 1 (802.11a/n) settings do not apply to the
DWL‐3600AP.
Table 66: UAP Default Settings
Feature
System Information
User Name
Password
Ethernet Interface Settings
Connection Type
DHCP
IP Address
Subnet Mask
DNS Name
Management VLAN ID
Untagged VLAN ID
IPv6 Admin Mode
IPv6 Auto Config Admin Mode
Radio Settings
Radio (1 and 2)
Radio 1 IEEE 802.11 Mode
Radio 2 IEEE 802.11 Mode
802.11a/n Channel
802.11b/g/n Channel
Radio 1 Channel Bandwidth
Radio 2 Channel Bandwidth
Primary Channel
Short Guard Interval Supported
STBC Mode
Protection
Maximum Wireless Clients
Transmit Power
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Default
admin
admin
DHCP
Enabled
10.90.90.91 (if no DHCP server is available)
255.0.0.0
None
Enabled
Enabled
On
802.11a/n
802.11b/g/n
Auto
Auto
40 MHz
20 MHz
Lower
Yes
On
Auto
200
100 percent
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Table 66: UAP Default Settings (Cont.)
Feature
Default
Legacy Rate Sets Supported (Mbps) IEEE 802.11a: 54, 48, 36, 24, 18, 12, 9, 6
IEEE 802.11b: 11, 5.5, 2, 1
IEEE 802.11g: 54, 48, 36, 24, 18, 12, 11, 9, 6, 5.5, 2, 1
Legacy Rate Sets (Mbps)
IEEE 802.11a: 24, 12, 6
(Basic/Advertised)
IEEE 802.11b: 2, 1
IEEE 802.11g: 11, 5.5, 2, 1
MCS (Data Rate) Settings
0–15 Enabled
(802.11n only)
Broadcast/Multicast Rate Limiting Disabled
Fixed Multicast Rate
Auto
Beacon Interval
100
DTIM Period
Fragmentation Threshold
2346
RTS Threshold
2347
TSPEC Mode
Off
TSPEC Voice ACM Mode
Off
Virtual Access Point Settings
Status
VAP0 is enabled on both radios, all other VAPs disabled
VLAN ID
Network Name (SSID)
dlink1 through dlink16
Broadcast SSID
Allow
Security Mode
None (plain text)
MAC Authentication Type
None
10.90.90.1
RADIUS IP Address
RADIUS Key
secret
RADIUS Accounting
Disabled
Redirect Mode
None
Other Default Settings
WDS Settings
None
STP
Disabled
MAC Authentication
No stations in list
Load Balancing
Disabled
SNMP
Enabled
RO SNMP Community Name
public
SNMP Agent Port
161
SNMP Set Requests
Enabled
Managed AP Mode
Enabled
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Table 66: UAP Default Settings (Cont.)
Feature
Default
Authentication (802.1X Supplicant)
Management ACL
HTTP Access
HTTPS Access
Console Port Access
Telnet Access
SSH Access
WMM
Email Alert Admin Mode
Time
Client QoS Global Admin Mode
Per‐VAP Client QoS Mode
Clustering
Disabled
Disabled
Enabled; disabled in Managed Mode
Enabled; disabled in Managed Mode
Enabled
Enabled; disabled in Managed Mode
Enabled; disabled in Managed Mode
Enabled
Down
Manual (Not set)
Disabled
Disabled
Stopped
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A p p e n d i x B : C o n f i g u rat i o n E xa m p l es
This appendix contains examples of how to configure selected features available on the UAP. Each example
contains procedures on how to configure the feature by using the Web interface, CLI, and SNMP.
This appendix describes how to perform the following procedures:
• “Configuring a VAP”
• “Configuring Radio Settings”
• “Configuring the Wireless Distribution System”
• “Clustering Access Points”
• “Configuring Client QoS”
For all SNMP examples, the objects you use to AP are in a private MIB. The path to the tables that contain the
objects is iso(1).org(3).dod(6).internet(1).private(4).enterprises(1).dlink(171).dlink‐products(10).dwl‐
ap(37).dwlWLANAP(26).
Configuring a VAP
This example shows how to configure VAP 1 with the following non‐default settings:
• VLAN ID: 2
• SSID: Marketing
• Security: WPA Personal using WPA2 with CCMP (AES)
VAP Configuration from the Web Interface
1. Log onto the AP and navigate to the Manage > VAP page.
2. In the Enabled column for VAP 1, select the check box.
3. Enter 2 in the VLAN ID column.
4. In the SSID column, delete the existing SSID and type Marketing.
5. Select WPA Personal from the menu in the Security column.
Additional fields appear.
6. Select the WPA2 and CCMP (AES) options, and clear the WPA and TKIP options.
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7. Enter a WPA encryption key in the Key field.
The key can be a mix of alphanumeric and special characters. The key is case sensitive and can be between
8 and 63 characters.
8. Click Apply to update the AP with the new settings.
VAP Configuration from the CLI
1. Connect to the AP by using Telnet, SSH or a serial connection.
2. Enable VAP 1.
set vap vap1 status up
3. Set the VLAN ID to 2.
set vap vap1 vlan‐id 2
Note: The previous command sets the VLAN ID to 2 for VAP 1 on both radios. To set the VLAN ID
for VAP 1 on radio one only, use the following command: set vap 1 with radio wlan0 to
vlan-id 2.
4. Set the SSID to Marketing.
set interface wlan0vap1 ssid Marketing
5. Set the Security Mode to WPA Personal.
set interface wlan0vap1 security wpa‐personal
6. Allow WPA2 clients, and not WPA clients, to connect to the AP.
set bss wlan0bssvap1 wpa‐allowed off
set bss wlan0bssvap1 wpa2‐allowed on
7. Set the Cipher Suite to CCMP (AES) only.
set bss wlan0bssvap1 wpa‐cipher‐tkip off
set bss wlan0bssvap1 wpa‐cipher‐ccmp on
8. Set the Pre‐shared key.
set interface wlan0vap1 wpa‐personal‐key JuPXkC7GvY$moQiUttp2
If the shared secret keys includes spaces, place the key inside quotation marks.
9. Use the following commands to view and verify the settings.
get interface wlan0vap1 detail
get vap vap1 detail
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Configuring Radio Settings
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VAP Configuration Using SNMP
1. Load the DLINK‐WLAN‐ACCESS‐POINT‐MIB module.
2. From the MIB tree, navigate to the objects in the apVap table.
3. Walk the apVapDescription object to view the instance ID for VAP 1 (wlan0vap1).
VAP 1 on Radio 1 is instance 3.
4. Use the apVapStatus object to set the status of VAP 1 to up (1).
5. Use the apVapVlanID object to set the VLAN ID of VAP 1 to 2.
6. Navigate to the objects in the apIfConfig table.
7. Walk the apIfConfigName object to view the instance ID for VAP 1 (wlan0vap1).
VAP 1 on Radio 1 is instance 3.
8. Set the value of instance 3 in the apIfConfigSsid object to Marketing.
9. Set the value of instance 3 in the apIfConfigSecurity object to wpa‐personal (3).
10. Set the value of instance3 in the apIfConfigWpaPersonalKey object to JuPXkC7GvY$moQiUttp2, which is
the WPA pre‐shared key.
11. Navigate to the objects in the apRadioBss > apBssTable table.
12. Walk the apBssDescr object to view the instance ID for VAP 1.
VAP 1 on Radio 1 is instance 1.
13. Set the value of instance 1 in the apBssWpaAllowed object to false (2).
14. Set the value of instance 1 in the apBssWpaCipherTkip object to false (2).
15. Set the value of instance 1 in the apBssWpaCipherCcmp object to true (1).
Configuring Radio Settings
This example shows how to configure Radio 2 with the following settings:
• Mode: IEEE 802.11b/g/n
• Channel: 6
• Channel Bandwidth: 40 MHz
• Maximum Stations: 100
• Transmit Power: 75%
Radio Configuration from the Web Interface
1. Log onto the AP and navigate to the Manage > Radio page.
2. Make sure the number 2 appears in the Radio field and that the status is On.
3. From the Mode menu, select IEEE 802.11b/g/n.
4. From the Channel field, select 6.
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Configuring Radio Settings
5. From the Channel Bandwidth field, select 40 MHz.
6. In the Maximum Stations field, change the value to 100.
7. In the Transmit Power field, change the value to 75.
The following image shows the Radio page with the settings specified in this example.
8. Click Apply to update the AP with the new settings.
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Radio Configuration from the CLI
1. Connect to the AP by using Telnet, SSH, or a serial connection.
2. Turn Radio 2 on if the status is not currently up.
set radio wlan1 status on
3. Set the mode to IEEE 802.11b/g/n.
set radio wlan1 mode bg‐n
4. Set the channel to 6.
set radio wlan1 channel‐policy static
set radio wlan1 static‐channel 6
5. Set the channel bandwidth to 40 MHz.
set radio wlan1 n‐bandwidth 40
6. Allow a maximum of 100 stations to connect to the AP at a time.
set bss wlan1bssvap0 max‐stations 100
7. Set the transmit power to 75 percent.
set radio wlan1 tx‐power 75
8. View information about the radio settings.
get radio wlan1 detail
Radio Configuration Using SNMP
1. Load the DLINK‐WLAN‐ACCESS‐POINT‐MIB module.
2. From the MIB tree, navigate to the objects in the apRadio table (apRadioBss > apRadioTable).
3. Use the apRadioStatus object to set the status of Radio 2 to up (1).
4. Use the apRadioMode object to set the Radio 2 mode to IEEE 802.11b/g/n, which is bg‐n (4).
5. Use the apRadioChannelPolicy object to set the channel policy to static (1), which disables the automatic
channel assignment.
6. Use the apRadioStaticChannel object to set the channel to 6.
7. Use the apRadioChannelBandwith object to set the channel bandwidth for Radio 2 to forty‐MHz (2).
8. Use the apRadioTxPower object to set the transmission power on Radio 2 to 75.
9. Navigate to the objects in the apBssTable.
10. Use the apBssMaxStations object to set the value of the maximum allowed stations to 100.
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Configuring the Wireless Distribution System
Configuring the Wireless Distribution System
This examples shows how to configure a WDS link between two APs. The local AP is MyAP1 and has a MAC
address of 00:1B:E9:16:32:40, and the remote AP is MyAP2 with a MAC address of 00:30:AB:00:00:B0.
The WDS link has the following settings, which must be configured on both APs:
• Encryption: WPA (PSK)
• SSID: wds‐link
• Key: abcdefghijk
WDS Configuration from the Web Interface
To create a WDS link between a pair of access points “MyAP1” and “MyAP2” use the following steps:
1. Log onto MyAP1 and navigate to the Manage > WDS page.
The MAC address for MyAP1 (the access point you are currently viewing) is automatically provided in the
Local Address field.
2. Enter the MAC address for MyAP2 in the Remote Address field, or click the arrow next to the field and select
the MAC address of MyAP2 from the pop‐up list.
3. Select WPA (PSK) from the Encryption menu.
Note: The WPA (PSK) option is available only if VAP 0 on Radio 1 uses WPA (PSK) as the security
method. If VAP 0 is not set to WPA Personal or WPA Enterprise, you must choose either None
(Plain‐text) or WEP for WDS link encryption.
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Configuring the Wireless Distribution System
4. Enter wds‐link in the SSID field and abcdefghijk in the Key field.
5. Click Apply to apply the WDS settings to the AP.
6. Log onto MyAP2 and repeat steps 2‐5 (but be sure to use the MAC address of MyAP1 in the Remote Address
field.
Note: MyAP1 and MyAP2 must be set to the same IEEE 802.11 Mode and be transmitting on the
same channel.
WDS Configuration from the CLI
1. Connect to the MyAP1 by using Telnet, SSH, or a serial connection.
2. Configure the remote MAC address for MyAP2.
set interface wlan0wds0 status up remote‐mac 00:30:AB:00:00:B0
3. Set WPA (PSK) as the encryption type for the link.
set interface wlan0wds0 wds‐security‐policy wpa‐personal
4. Set the SSID on the WDS link.
set interface wlan0wds0 wds‐ssid wds‐link
5. Configure the encryption key.
set interface wlan0wds0 wds‐wpa‐psk‐key abcdefghijk
6. Administratively enable the WDS link.
set interface wlan0wds0 status up
7. Perform the same configuration steps on MyAP2.
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WDS Configuration Using SNMP
1. Load the FASTPATH‐WLAN‐ACCESS‐POINT‐MIB module.
2. From the MIB tree, navigate to the objects in the apIfConfig table.
3. Walk the apIfConfigName object to view the instance ID for the first WDS link (wlan0wds0).
The first WDS link is instance 1.
4. Set the value of instance 1 in the apIfConfigRemoteMac object to 00:30:AB:00:00:B0.
In the MG‐Soft browser, the format for the MAC address value to set is # 0x00 0x30 0xAB 0x00 0x00 0xB0.
5. Set the value of instance 1 in the apIfConfigWdsSecPolicy object to WPA Personal (3).
6. Set the value of instance 1 in the apIfConfigSsid object to wds‐link.
7. Set the value of instance 1 in the apIfConfigWdsWpaPskKey object to abcdefthijk.
Some MIB browsers require that the value be entered in HEX values rather than ASCII values.
8. Perform the same configuration steps on MyAP2.
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Clustering Access Points
Clustering Access Points
This example shows how to configure a cluster with two APs and to enable automatic channel re‐
assigment.The location of the local AP is Room 214, and the cluster name is MyCluster.
Clustering APs by Using the Web Interface
1. Log onto the AP and navigate to the Cluster > Access Points page.
2. If clustering has started, click Stop Clustering so you can change the Clustering Options.
3. Enter the AP location and the name of the cluster for it to join.
4. Click Apply.
5. Click Start Clustering to enable the clustering feature.
After you refresh the page, other APs that are on the same bridged segment, have radios in the same
operating mode, are enabled for clustering, and have the same cluster name appear in the Access Points
table.
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Clustering Access Points
6. Go to the Channel Management page to view the channel assignments.
A table on the page displays the current channel assignments and the proposed channel assignments. The
interval setting in the Advanced section determine how often proposed changes are applied.
Clustering APs by Using the CLI
1. Connect to the AP by using Telnet, SSH, or a serial connection.
2. Stop clustering so you can change the location and cluster name.
set cluster clustered 0
3. Set the AP Location.
set cluster cluster‐name “Room 214"
Note: If the cluster name or cluster location has spaces, you must enclose the text in quotation
marks when you enter the text in the CLI, as the command example shows. You do not need to use
quotation marks when you enter text by using the Web UI.
4. Set the cluster name.
set cluster location MyCluster
5. Start clustering.
set cluster clustered 1
6. View information about the cluster settings on the AP.
get cluster detail
7. Start the automatic channel planner.
set channel‐planner status up
8. View the settings for the automatic channel planner.
get channel‐planner detail
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Clustering APs by Using SNMP
Cluster configuration by using SNMP is not supported.
Configuring Client QoS
This example shows how to enable client QoS, configure an ACL and a DiffServ policy on the AP, and to apply
the ACL and the Policy to traffic transmitted from clients associated with VAP 2 and received by the AP.
The IPv4 ACL is named acl1 and contains two rules. The first rule allows HTTP traffic from the 192.168.1.0
subnet. The second rule allows all IP traffic from the management station (192.168.1.23). All other traffic is
denied due to the implicit deny all rule at the end of the ACL. The ACL is applied to the inbound interface on
the AP so that packets are checked when the AP receives traffic from associated clients.
The DiffServ policy in this example shows how to establish default DiffServ behavior for clients associating with
the VAP that do not obtain a DiffServ policy name through the RADIUS server. Voice traffic (UDP packets)
received from clients in the 192.168.1.0 subnet that has the VoIP server as its destination address
(192.168.2.200), is marked with the IP DSCP value for expedited forwarding so that it takes priority over other
traffic.
Configuring QoS by Using the Web Interface
ACL Configuration
1. Log onto the AP and navigate to the Client QoS > Client QoS ACL page.
2. Enter acl1in the ACL Name field, and click Add ACL.
The screen refreshes, and additional fields appear.
3. From the Action menu, select Permit.
4. Clear the Match Every option.
5. Verify that the Protocol option is selected and IP is selected from the Select From List menu.
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6. Configure the remaining settings:
• Source IP Address: 192.168.1.0
• Wild Card Mask: 0.0.0.255
• Source Port: Select the option
• Select From List (Source Port): www
7. Click Apply to save the rule.
8. Select New Rule from the Rule menu and create another rule with the following settings:
• Action: Permit
• Match Every: Clear the option
• Protocol: IP
• Address: 192.168.1.23
• Wild Card Mask: 0.0.0.0
9. Click Apply to save the rule.
10. Navigate to the Client QoS > VAP QoS Parameters page.
11. For the Client QoS Global Admin Mode option, select Enabled.
12. From the VAP menu, select VAP 2.
13. Select the Enabled option for Client QoS Mode.
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14. From the ACL Type Up menu, select IPv4.
15. From the ACL Name Up menu, select acl1.
16. Click Apply to update the AP with the QoS settings.
DiffServ Configuration
1. Log onto the AP and navigate to the Client QoS > Class Map page.
2. Enter class_voip in the Class Map Name field and click Add Class Map.
The page refreshes and additional fields appear.
3. Select the Match Every option to indicate that all match criteria defined for the class must be satisfied in
order for a packet to be considered a match.
4. Select Protocol, and then select UDP from the Select From List field to define UDP as a match criteria.
5. Select Source IP Address and enter the following information:
• Address: 192.168.1.0
• Source IP Mask: 255.255.255.0
6. Select the Destination IP Address option and enter the following information for the VoIP server:
• Address: 192.168.2.200
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• Destination IP Mask: 255.255.255.255
7. Click Apply to save the match criteria.
8. Navigate to the Client QoS > Policy Map page.
9. To create a policy, enter pol_voip into the Policy Map Name field, and then click Add Policy Map.
The page refreshes and additional fields appear.
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10. For the class_voip class map, select the IP DSCP option, and then select ef from the Select From List menu.
11. Traffic that meets the criteria defined in the class_voip class is marked with a DSCP value of EF (expedited
forwarding).
12. Click Apply to save the policy.
13. Navigate to the Client QoS > VAP QoS Parameters page.
14. Select VAP 2 from the VAP menu.
15. Make sure that the Client QoS Global Admin Mode and the QoS Mode are both enabled.
16. From the DiffServ Policy Up menu, select pol_voip.
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17. Click Apply to update the AP with the QoS settings.
Configuring QoS by Using the CLI
ACL Configuration
1. Connect to the AP.
2. Create an ACL named acl1.
add acl acl1 acl‐type ipv4
3. Add a rule to acl1 that allows HTTP traffic from the 192.168.1.0 subnet.
add rule acl‐name acl2 acl‐type ipv4 action permit protocol ip src‐ip 192.168.1.0 src‐ip‐mask
0.0.0.255 src‐port http
4. Add another rule to acl1 that allows all traffic from the host with an IP address of 192.168.1.23.
add rule acl‐name acl2 acl‐type ipv4 action permit protocol ip src‐ip 192.168.1.23 src‐ip‐mask
0.0.0.0
5. Enable Client QoS on the AP.
set client‐qos mode up
6. Enable Client QoS on VAP2
set vap wlan0vap2 qos‐mode up
7. Apply acl1 to VAP2 in the inbound direction (from the client to the AP).
set vap wlan0vap2 def‐acl‐up acl1
DiffServ Configuration
1. Log onto the AP CLI.
2. Create a class map named class_voip and configure it to match all UDP packets from the 192.168.1.0
network that have a destination IP address of 192.168.2.200 (the VoIP server).
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add class‐map class_voip every yes protocol udp src‐ip 192.168.1.0 src‐ip‐mask 255.255.255.0 dst‐
ip 192.168.2.200 dst‐ip‐mask 255.255.255.255
3. Add a policy map named pol_voip.
add policy‐map pol_voip
4. Define the pol_voip policy map by adding the class_voip class map and specifying that packets that match
the class_voip criteria will be marked with a DSCP value of EF (expedited forwarding).
add policy‐attr policy‐map‐name pol_voip class‐map‐name class_voip mark‐ip‐dscp ef
5. Enable Client QoS on the AP.
set client‐qos mode up
6. Enable Client QoS on VAP2
set vap wlan0vap2 qos‐mode up
7. Apply pol_voip to VAP2 in the inbound direction (from the client to the AP).
set vap wlan0vap2 def‐policy‐up pol_voip
Configuring QoS by Using SNMP
ACL Configuration
1. Load the DLINK‐WLAN‐ACCESS‐POINT‐MIB module.
2. From the MIB tree, navigate to the objects in the apQos > apAclTable.
3. Use the apQosAclStatus object to create a row entry with apQosAclName and apQosAclType as the indexes
for apQosAclEntry.
The new apQosAclEntry value includes the apQosAclType (1) followed by the number of characters in the
name (4), and then the ASCII code for the name. In this example, acl1 is 97.99.108.49. The value to set is 4,
which is Create and Go.
4. Add a rule to acl1 that allows HTTP traffic from the 192.168.1.0 subnet.
• Use 1.3.6.1.4.1.6132.1.1.28.10.3.1.14.1.4.97.99.108.49.1 to set the apQosAclRuleStatus of Rule 1 to
active (1)
In the OID, the 14 (bold) is the sequence identifier for the apQosAclRuleStatuss object, 1 is the ACL type,
4.97.99.108.49 is the ACL name (the number of characters followed by the ASCII code), and the final 1
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is the ACL rule number.
• Use 1.3.6.1.4.1.6132.1.1.28.10.3.1.4.1.4.97.99.108.49.1 to set the apQosAclRuleSrcIpAddress to a
value of 192.168.1.0.
• Use 1.3.6.1.4.1.6132.1.1.28.10.3.1.5.1.4.97.99.108.49.1 to set the apQosAclRuleSrcIpMask to a value
of 0.0.0.255.
• Use 1.3.6.1.4.1.6132.1.1.28.10.3.1.6.1.4.97.99.108.49.1 to set apQosAclRuleSrcProtocol to a value of
80 (HTTP).
• Use 1.3.6.1.4.1.6132.1.1.28.10.3.1.16.1.4.97.99.108.49.1 to set apQosAclRuleCommit to a value of 1
(true), which saves the rule.
5. Add another rule to acl1 that allows all traffic from the host with an IP address of 192.168.1.23.
• Use 1.3.6.1.4.1.6132.1.1.28.10.3.1.14.1.4.97.99.108.49.2 to set the apQosAclRuleStatus of Rule 2 to
active (1)
• Use 1.3.6.1.4.1.6132.1.1.28.10.3.1.4.1.4.97.99.108.49.2 to set the apQosAclRuleSrcIpAddress to a
value of 192.168.1.23.
• Use 1.3.6.1.4.1.6132.1.1.28.10.3.1.5.1.4.97.99.108.49.2 to set the apQosAclRuleSrcIpMask to a value
of 0.0.0.0.
• Use 1.3.6.1.4.1.6132.1.1.28.10.3.1.16.1.4.97.99.108.49.2 to set apQosAclRuleCommit to a value of 1
(true), which saves the rule.
6. Use the apQosGlobalMode object to set the status to up (1), which enables Client QoS on the AP.
7. Walk the apVapDescription object to view the instance ID for VAP 2 (wlan0vap2).
VAP 2 on Radio 1 is instance 5.
8. Use the apVapQosMode object to set the status of VAP 2 to up (1).
9. Use the apVapAclUp object to apply acl1 to VAP2 in the inbound direction (from the client to the AP).
The ACL name is the text string, and not the ASCII code.
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DiffServ Configuration
1. Load the DLINK‐WLAN‐ACCESS‐POINT‐MIB module.
2. From the MIB tree, navigate to the objects in the apQos > apAclTable.
3. Use the apQosDsClassMapStatus object to set the status of the class map named class_voip to Create and
Go (4).
The OID to set is 1.3.6.1.4.1.6132.1.1.28.10.4.1.2.10.99.108.97.115.115.95.118.111.105.112, where 10 is
the number of characters, and 99.108.97.115.115.95.118.111.105.112 is class_voip in ASCII code.
4. Configure class_voip to match all UDP packets from the 192.168.1.0 network that have a destination IP
address of 192.168.2.200 (the VoIP server).
• Set apQosDsClassMapMatchEvery to true (1).
• Set apQosDsClassMapMatchProtocol to UDP (17).
• Set apQosDsClassMapMatchSrcIpAddress to 192.168.1.0.
• Set apQosDsClassMapMatchSrcIpMask to 255.255.255.0.
• Set apQosDsClassMapMatchDestIpAddress to 192.168.2.200.
• Set apQosDsClassMapMatchDestIpMask to 255.255.255.255
• Set apQosDsClassMapMatchCommit to true (1).
5. Create a policy map named pol_voip (which is 112.111.108.95.118.111.105.112 in ASCII) by setting the
value of the OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.6132.1.1.28.10.5.1.2.8.112.111.108.95.118.111.105.112 to Create and Go (4).
6. Define the pol_voip policy map by adding the class_voip class map and specifying that packets that match
the class_voip criteria will be marked with a DSCP value of EF (expedited forwarding).
• Set
apQosDsPolicyMapAttrStatus.8.112.111.108.95.118.111.105.112.10.99.108.97.115.115.95.118.111.1
05.112.1 to a value of 4 (Create and Go)
• Set
apQosDsPolicyMapAttrMarkIpDscp.8.112.111.108.95.118.111.105.112.10.99.108.97.115.115.95.118.
111.105. 112.1 to 46 (which is the equivalent of ef).
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7. Enable Client QoS on the AP.
set client‐qos mode up
8. Use the apQosGlobalMode object to set the status to up (1), which enables Client QoS on the AP.
9. Walk the apVapDescription object to view the instance ID for VAP 2 (wlan0vap2).
VAP 2 on Radio 1 is instance 5.
10. Use the apVapQosMode object to set the status of VAP 2 to up (1).
11. Use the apVapPolUp object to apply pol_voip to VAP2 in the inbound direction (from the client to the AP).
The policy name is the text string, and not the ASCII code.
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Federal Communication Commission Interference Statement
This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to
the following two conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful
interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference received,
including interference that may cause undesired operation.
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a
Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits
are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a
residential installation. This equipment generates, uses and can radiate radio
frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the
instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications.
However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular
installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or
television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off
and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one of the
following measures:
- Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.
- Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.
- Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that
to which the receiver is connected.
- Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.
FCC Caution: Any changes or modifications not expressly approved by the
party responsible for compliance could void the user's authority to operate this
equipment.
This transmitter must not be co-located or operating in conjunction with any
other antenna or transmitter.
Radiation Exposure Statement:
This equipment complies with FCC radiation exposure limits set forth for an
uncontrolled environment. This equipment should be installed and operated
with minimum distance 20cm between the radiator & your body.
Industry Canada statement:
This device complies with RSS-210 of the Industry Canada Rules. Operation is
subject to the following two conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful
interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference received,
including interference that may cause undesired operation.
Ce dispositif est conforme la norme CNR-210 d'Industrie Canada applicable
aux appareils radio exempts de licence. Son fonctionnement est sujet aux deux
conditions suivantes: (1) le dispositif ne doit pas produire de brouillage
pr judiciable, et (2) ce dispositif doit accepter tout brouillage re u, y compris
un brouillage susceptible de provoquer un fonctionnement ind sirable.
Radiation Exposure Statement:
This equipment complies with IC radiation exposure limits set forth for an
uncontrolled environment. This equipment should be installed and operated
with minimum distance 20cm between the radiator & your body.
D claration d'exposition aux radiations:
Cet quipement est conforme aux limites d'exposition aux rayonnements IC
tablies pour un environnement non contr l . Cet quipement doit tre install
et utilis avec un minimum de 20 cm de distance entre la source de
rayonnement et votre corps.


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