Dell Networking N2000 Series Users Manual User's Guide

2015-01-05

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Dell Networking
N2000, N3000, and N4000
Series Switches
User’s Configuration
Guide
Regulatory Models: N2024, N2024P,
N2038,N2048P, N3024, N3024F, N3024P,
N3048, N3048P, N4032, N4032F, N4064,
N4064F
Notes and Cautions
NOTE: A NOTE indicates important information that helps you make better use of
your computer.
CAUTION: A CAUTION indicates potential damage to hardware or loss of data if
instructions are not followed.
____________
Information in this publication is subject to change without notice.
© 2014 Dell Inc. All rights reserved.
Reproduction of these materials in any manner whatsoever without the written permission of Dell Inc.
is strictly forbidden.
Trademarks used in this text: Dell™, the DELL logo, EqualLogic™, and OpenManage™ are
trademarks of Dell Inc. Microsoft®, Windows®, Windows Server®, MS-DOS®, and Windows Vista®
are either trademarks or registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or
other countries. sFlow® is a registered trademark of InMon Corporation. Cisco® is a registered
trademark of Cisco Systems. Mozilla® and Firefox® are registered trademarks of the Mozilla
Foundation.
Other trademarks and trade names may be used in this publication to refer to either the entities claiming
the marks and names or their products. Dell Inc. disclaims any proprietary interest in trademarks and
trade names other than its own.
Regulatory Models: N2024, N2024P, N2038,N2048P, N3024, N3024F, N3024P, N3048, N3048P, N4032, N4032F, N4064, N4064F
January 2014 Rev. A01
Contents 3
Contents
1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
About This Document . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Audience . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Document Conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Additional Documentation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
2 Switch Feature Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
System Management Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
Multiple Management Options . . . . . . . . . . . 56
System Time Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
Log Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Integrated DHCP Server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Management of Basic Network Information. . . . 57
IPv6 Management Features . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Dual Software Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
File Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Switch Database Management Templates. . . . . 58
Automatic Installation of Firmware and
Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
sFlow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
SNMP Alarms and Trap Logs . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
CDP Interoperability through ISDP . . . . . . . . . 60
Remote Monitoring (RMON) . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Stacking Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
High Stack Count . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
4Contents
Single IP Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Master Failover with Transparent Transition . . . . 62
Nonstop Forwarding on the Stack . . . . . . . . . 62
Hot Add/Delete and Firmware
Synchronization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Security Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Configurable Access and Authentication
Profiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Password-Protected Management Access . . . . 63
Strong Password Enforcement . . . . . . . . . . . 63
TACACS+ Client . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
RADIUS Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
SSH/SSL. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
Inbound Telnet Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
Denial of Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
Port Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
Captive Portal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Dot1x Authentication (IEEE 802.1X) . . . . . . . . . 66
MAC-Based 802.1X Authentication . . . . . . . . . 66
Dot1x Monitor Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
MAC-Based Port Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Access Control Lists (ACL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
Time-Based ACLs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
IP Source Guard (IPSG). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
DHCP Snooping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Dynamic ARP Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Protected Ports (Private VLAN Edge). . . . . . . . 68
Green Technology Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Energy Detect Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Energy Efficient Ethernet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Power Utilization Reporting. . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Contents 5
Power over Ethernet (PoE) Plus Features . . . . . . . . 70
Power Over Ethernet (PoE) Plus
Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
PoE Plus Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
Switching Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Flow Control Support (IEEE 802.3x) . . . . . . . . . 71
Head of Line Blocking Prevention . . . . . . . . . 71
Alternate Store and Forward (ASF). . . . . . . . . 71
Jumbo Frames Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Auto-MDI/MDIX Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
VLAN-Aware MAC-based Switching. . . . . . . . 72
Back Pressure Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
Auto Negotiation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
Broadcast Storm Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Port Mirroring. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Static and Dynamic MAC Address Tables . . . . . 73
Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP) . . . . . . . 74
Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP) for
Media Endpoint Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Connectivity Fault Management
(IEEE 802.1ag) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Priority-based Flow Control (PFC) . . . . . . . . . 74
Data Center Bridging Exchange (DBCx)
Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Enhanced Transmission Selection . . . . . . . . . 75
Cisco Protocol Filtering. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
DHCP Layer 2 Relay. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Virtual Local Area Network Supported Features . . . . 77
VLAN Support. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
Port-Based VLANs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
IP Subnet-based VLAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
MAC-based VLAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
IEEE 802.1v Protocol-Based VLANs . . . . . . . . 77
6Contents
GARP and GVRP Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
Voice VLAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
Guest VLAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
Double VLANs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
Spanning Tree Protocol Features . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Spanning Tree Port Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Rapid Spanning Tree . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Multiple Spanning Tree . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Bridge Protocol Data Unit (BPDU) Guard. . . . . . 80
BPDU Filtering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
RSTP-PV and STP-PV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
Link Aggregation Features. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Link Aggregation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Link Aggregate Control Protocol (LACP) . . . . . . 81
Multi-Switch LAG (MLAG) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Routing Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) Table
Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
VLAN Routing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
IP Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) . . . . . . . . . . 82
BOOTP/DHCP Relay Agent . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
IP Helper and UDP Relay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Routing Information Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Router Discovery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Routing Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) . . . . 84
Tunnel and Loopback Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . 84
IPv6 Routing Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
IPv6 Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Contents 7
IPv6 Routes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
OSPFv3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
DHCPv6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Quality of Service (QoS) Features . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Differentiated Services (DiffServ) . . . . . . . . . 86
Class Of Service (CoS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Auto Voice over IP (VoIP). . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Internet Small Computer System Interface
(iSCSI) Optimization. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Layer 2 Multicast Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
MAC Multicast Support. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
IGMP Snooping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
IGMP Snooping Querier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
MLD Snooping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Multicast VLAN Registration . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Layer 3 Multicast Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Distance Vector Multicast Routing Protocol . . . . 89
Internet Group Management Protocol . . . . . . . 89
IGMP Proxy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Protocol Independent Multicast—
Dense Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Protocol Independent Multicast—
Sparse Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
Protocol Independent Multicast—
Source Specific Multicast . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
Protocol Independent Multicast IPv6 Support . . . 90
MLD/MLDv2 (RFC2710/RFC3810) . . . . . . . . . . 90
3 Hardware Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Dell Networking N2000 Series Switch Hardware . . . 91
N2000 Series Front Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
8Contents
N2000 Series Back Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
N2000 LED Definitions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
Power Consumption for N2000 Series PoE
Switches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
Dell Networking N3000 Series Switch
Hardware. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
N3000 Series Front Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
N3000 Series Back Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
LED Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
Power Consumption for N3000 Series PoE
Switches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Dell Networking N4000 Series Switch
Hardware. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
Front Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
N4000 Back Panel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
LED Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
Switch MAC Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
4 Using Dell OpenManage Switch
Administrator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
About Dell OpenManage Switch Administrator. . . . 127
Starting the Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
Understanding the Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
Using the Switch Administrator Buttons and
Links . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
Defining Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132
Understanding the Device View . . . . . . . . . . . . 132
Using the Device View Port Features. . . . . . . 132
Contents 9
Using the Device View Switch Locator
Feature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
5 Using the Command-Line Interface. . . . 135
Accessing the Switch Through the CLI . . . . . . . . . 135
Console Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
Telnet Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
Understanding Command Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
Entering CLI Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
Using the Question Mark to Get Help . . . . . . . 139
Using Command Completion . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
Entering Abbreviated Commands . . . . . . . . . 140
Negating Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
Command Output Paging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
Understanding Error Messages . . . . . . . . . . 141
Recalling Commands from the History Buffer . . . 141
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
6 Default Settings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
7 Setting the IP Address and Other
Basic Network Information . . . . . . . . . . 147
IP Address and Network Information Overview . . . . 147
What Is the Basic Network Information? . . . . . 147
Why Is Basic Network Information
Needed? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
How Is Basic Network Information
Configured? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
10 Contents
What Is Out-of-Band Management and
In-Band Management? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
Default Network Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
Configuring Basic Network Information (Web) . . . . 152
Out-of-Band Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152
IP Interface Configuration (Default VLAN IP
Address). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153
Route Entry Configuration (Switch Default
Gateway) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155
Domain Name Server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
Default Domain Name . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158
Host Name Mapping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
Dynamic Host Name Mapping . . . . . . . . . . 160
Configuring Basic Network Information (CLI). . . . . 161
Enabling the DHCP Client on the OOB Port . . . . 161
Enabling the DHCP Client on the Default
VLAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161
Managing DHCP Leases . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162
Configuring Static Network Information on
the OOB Port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163
Configuring Static Network Information on
the Default VLAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163
Configuring and Viewing Additional Network
Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164
Contents 11
Basic Network Information Configuration
Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166
8 Managing QSFP Ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
9 Managing a Switch Stack . . . . . . . . . . . 171
Stacking Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
Dell Networking N2000, N3000, and N4000
Stacking Compatibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174
How is the Stack Master Selected? . . . . . . . . 175
Adding a Switch to the Stack. . . . . . . . . . . . 176
Removing a Switch from the Stack. . . . . . . . . 177
How is the Firmware Updated on the Stack? . . . 177
What is Stacking Standby? . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178
What is Nonstop Forwarding? . . . . . . . . . . . 178
Switch Stack MAC Addressing and Stack
Design Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181
NSF Network Design Considerations . . . . . . . 181
Why is Stacking Needed? . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182
Default Stacking Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182
Managing and Monitoring the Stack (Web). . . . . . . 184
Unit Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184
Stack Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185
Stack Firmware Synchronization . . . . . . . . . . 186
Supported Switches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187
Stack Port Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188
Stack Port Counters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189
Stack Port Diagnostics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189
NSF Summary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190
Checkpoint Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
12 Contents
Managing the Stack (CLI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192
Configuring Stack Member, Stack Port, and
NSF Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192
Viewing and Clearing Stacking and NSF
Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194
Stacking and NSF Usage Scenarios . . . . . . . . . . 195
Basic Failover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195
Preconfiguring a Stack Member . . . . . . . . . 197
NSF in the Data Center . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199
NSF and VoIP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200
NSF and DHCP Snooping . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201
NSF and the Storage Access Network . . . . . . 202
NSF and Routed Access . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204
10 Configuring Authentication,
Authorization, and Accounting . . . . . . . 207
AAA Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207
Methods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208
Access Lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209
Authentication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211
Authentication Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211
Authorization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212
Exec Authorization Capabilities. . . . . . . . . . 212
Accounting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214
Authentication Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215
Local Authentication Example . . . . . . . . . . 215
TACACS+ Authentication Example . . . . . . . . 217
Public Key SSH Authentication Example . . . . . 218
RADIUS Authentication Example . . . . . . . . . 225
Contents 13
Authorization Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227
Local Authorization Example—Direct
Login to Privileged EXEC Mode. . . . . . . . . . . 227
TACACS+ Authorization Example—Direct
Login to Privileged EXEC Mode. . . . . . . . . . . 227
TACACS+ Authorization Example—
Administrative Profiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228
TACACS+ Authorization Example—Custom
Administrative Profile. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229
TACACS+ Authorization Example—
Per-command Authorization . . . . . . . . . . . . 230
RADIUS Authorization Example—Direct
Login to Privileged EXEC Mode. . . . . . . . . . . 231
RADIUS Authorization Example—
Administrative Profiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232
Using RADIUS Servers to Control Management
Access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232
How Does RADIUS Control Management
Access?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232
Which RADIUS Attributes Does the Switch
Support? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234
How Are RADIUS Attributes Processed on
the Switch? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236
Using TACACS+ Servers to Control Management
Access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237
Which TACACS+ Attributes Does the Switch
Support? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238
Default Configurations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239
Method Lists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239
Access Lines (AAA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239
Access Lines (Non-AAA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240
Administrative Profiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240
14 Contents
11 Monitoring and Logging System
Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243
System Monitoring Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243
What System Information Is Monitored? . . . . . 243
Why Is System Information Needed?. . . . . . . 244
Where Are Log Messages Sent? . . . . . . . . . 244
What Are the Severity Levels? . . . . . . . . . . 245
What Are the System Startup and Operation
Logs? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245
What Is the Log Message Format? . . . . . . . . 246
What Factors Should Be Considered When
Configuring Logging? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247
Default Log Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 248
Monitoring System Information and Configuring
Logging (Web) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249
Device Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249
System Health. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251
System Resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 252
Unit Power Usage History . . . . . . . . . . . . 253
Integrated Cable Test for Copper Cables . . . . . 254
Optical Transceiver Diagnostics . . . . . . . . . 255
Log Global Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257
RAM Log . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258
Log File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259
Syslog Server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259
Email Alert Global Configuration . . . . . . . . . 262
Email Alert Mail Server Configuration . . . . . . 262
Email Alert Subject Configuration . . . . . . . . 264
Email Alert To Address Configuration. . . . . . . 265
Email Alert Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 266
Contents 15
Monitoring System Information and Configuring
Logging (CLI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267
Viewing System Information and Enabling
the Locator LED. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267
Running Cable Diagnostics . . . . . . . . . . . . . 268
Configuring Local Logging . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269
Configuring Remote Logging . . . . . . . . . . . . 270
Configuring Mail Server Settings. . . . . . . . . . 271
Configuring Email Alerts for Log Messages . . . . 272
Logging Configuration Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . 274
Configuring Local and Remote Logging . . . . . . 274
Configuring Email Alerting . . . . . . . . . . . . . 276
12 Managing General System Settings . . . 279
System Settings Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 279
Why Does System Information Need to
Be Configured? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281
What Are SDM Templates?. . . . . . . . . . . . . 281
Why is the System Time Needed? . . . . . . . . . 283
How Does SNTP Work? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 283
What Configuration Is Required for Plug-In
Modules? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284
What Are the Key PoE Plus Features for the
N2024P/N2048P and N3024P/N3048P
Switches?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285
Default General System Information . . . . . . . . . . 286
Configuring General System Settings (Web) . . . . 287
System Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 287
CLI Banner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 290
SDM Template Preference . . . . . . . . . . . . . 291
Clock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 292
SNTP Global Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 293
16 Contents
SNTP Authentication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 294
SNTP Server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 296
Summer Time Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . 299
Time Zone Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300
Card Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 301
Slot Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 302
Supported Cards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 303
Power Over Ethernet Global Configuration
(N2024P/N2048P and N3024P/N3048P Only) . . . 304
Power Over Ethernet Interface Configuration
(N2024P/N2048P and N3024P/N3048P Only) . . . 305
Configuring System Settings (CLI) . . . . . . . . . . . 307
Configuring System Information . . . . . . . . . 307
Configuring the Banner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 308
Managing the SDM Template. . . . . . . . . . . 309
Configuring SNTP Authentication and an
SNTP Server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 309
Setting the System Time and Date Manually . . . 311
Configuring the Expansion Slots (N3000
Series Only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 312
Viewing Slot Information (N4000 Series
Only). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 313
Configuring PoE Settings (N2024P/N2048P
and N3024P/N3048P Only) . . . . . . . . . . . . 313
General System Settings Configuration
Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 315
Configuring System and Banner Information. . . 315
Configuring SNTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 319
Configuring the Time Manually . . . . . . . . . . 321
13 Configuring SNMP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 323
SNMP Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 323
What Is SNMP? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 323
Contents 17
What Are SNMP Traps? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 324
Why Is SNMP Needed? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 325
Default SNMP Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 325
Configuring SNMP (Web) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 327
SNMP Global Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . 327
SNMP View Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 328
Access Control Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 330
SNMPv3 User Security Model (USM) . . . . . . . 332
Communities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 335
Notification Filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 337
Notification Recipients . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 338
Trap Flags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 340
OSPFv2 Trap Flags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 341
OSPFv3 Trap Flags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 342
Trap Log . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 343
Configuring SNMP (CLI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 345
Configuring the SNMPv3 Engine ID . . . . . . . . 345
Configuring SNMP Views, Groups, and Users . . . 346
Configuring Communities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 349
Configuring SNMP Notifications (Traps and
Informs) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 351
SNMP Configuration Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . 354
Configuring SNMPv1 and SNMPv2. . . . . . . . . 354
Configuring SNMPv3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355
14 Managing Images and Files . . . . . . . . . 359
Image and File Management Overview . . . . . . . . . 359
What Files Can Be Managed? . . . . . . . . . . . 359
Why Is File Management Needed?. . . . . . . . . 361
18 Contents
What Methods Are Supported for File
Management?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 363
What Factors Should Be Considered When
Managing Files?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 364
How Is the Running Configuration Saved? . . . . 366
Managing Images and Files (Web) . . . . . . . . . . 367
File System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 367
Active Images. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 368
USB Flash Drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 369
File Download . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 370
File Upload . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 372
Copy Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 374
Managing Images and Files (CLI) . . . . . . . . . . . 375
Downloading and Activating a New Image
(TFTP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 375
Managing Files in Internal Flash . . . . . . . . . 377
Managing Files on a USB Flash Device . . . . . 379
Uploading a Configuration File (SCP) . . . . . . . 379
Managing Configuration Scripts (SFTP) . . . . . 380
File and Image Management Configuration
Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 381
Upgrading the Firmware . . . . . . . . . . . . . 381
Managing Configuration Scripts . . . . . . . . . 384
Managing Files by Using the USB Flash
Drive. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 386
15 Automatically Updating the Image
and Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 389
Auto Configuration Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . 389
What Is USB Auto Configuration? . . . . . . . . 390
What Files Does USB Auto Configuration
Use? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 390
Contents 19
How Does USB Auto Configuration Use the
Files on the USB Device?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 391
What Is the Setup File Format?. . . . . . . . . . . 392
What Is the DHCP Auto Configuration
Process? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 393
Monitoring and Completing the DHCP Auto
Configuration Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 398
What Are the Dependencies for DHCP Auto
Configuration? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 399
Default Auto Configuration Values . . . . . . . . . . . 400
Managing Auto Configuration (Web) . . . . . . . . . . 401
Auto-Install Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . 401
Managing Auto Configuration (CLI) . . . . . . . . . . . 402
Managing Auto Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . 402
Auto Configuration Example. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 403
Enabling USB Auto Configuration and Auto
Image Download . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 403
Enabling DHCP Auto Configuration and Auto
Image Download . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 405
Easy Image Upgrade via USB . . . . . . . . . . . 406
16 Monitoring Switch Traffic . . . . . . . . . . . 407
Traffic Monitoring Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 407
What is sFlow Technology?. . . . . . . . . . . . . 407
What is RMON?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 410
What is Port Mirroring?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 411
Port Mirroring Behaviors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 412
Remote Capture. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 413
Why is Traffic Monitoring Needed? . . . . . . . . 413
20 Contents
Default Traffic Monitoring Values . . . . . . . . . . . 414
Monitoring Switch Traffic (Web) . . . . . . . . . . . 414
sFlow Agent Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 414
sFlow Receiver Configuration . . . . . . . . . . 416
sFlow Sampler Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . 417
sFlow Poll Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . 418
Interface Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 419
Etherlike Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 420
GVRP Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 421
EAP Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 422
Utilization Summary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 423
Counter Summary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 424
Switchport Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 425
RMON Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 426
RMON History Control Statistics . . . . . . . . . 427
RMON History Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 429
RMON Event Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 430
RMON Event Log . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 432
RMON Alarms. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 433
Port Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 435
LAG Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 436
Port Mirroring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 437
Monitoring Switch Traffic (CLI) . . . . . . . . . . . . 439
Configuring sFlow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 439
Configuring RMON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 441
Viewing Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 443
Configuring Port Mirroring . . . . . . . . . . . . 444
Configuring RSPAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 445
Traffic Monitoring Configuration Examples . . . . . . 447
Configuring sFlow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 447
Configuring RMON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 449
Configuring Remote Capture . . . . . . . . . . . 450
Configuring RSPAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 455
Contents 21
17 Configuring iSCSI Optimization . . . . . . . 459
iSCSI Optimization Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 459
What Does iSCSI Optimization Do?. . . . . . . . . 460
How Does the Switch Detect iSCSI
Traffic Flows? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 460
How Is Quality of Service Applied to iSCSI
Traffic Flows? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 460
How Does iSCSI Optimization Use ACLs? . . . . . 461
What Information Does the Switch Track in
iSCSI Traffic Flows?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 462
How Does iSCSI Optimization Interact With
Dell EqualLogic Arrays? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 463
What Occurs When iSCSI Optimization Is
Enabled or Disabled? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 463
How Does iSCSI Optimization Interact with
DCBx?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 464
How Does iSCSI Optimization Interact with
Dell Compellent Arrays? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 464
iSCSI CoS and Priority Flow Control/Enhanced
Transmission Selection Interactions . . . . . . . . 465
Default iSCSI Optimization Values . . . . . . . . . . . 466
Configuring iSCSI Optimization (Web) . . . . . . . . . 467
iSCSI Global Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . 467
iSCSI Targets Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 468
iSCSI Sessions Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 469
iSCSI Sessions Detailed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 470
Configuring iSCSI Optimization (CLI) . . . . . . . . . . 471
iSCSI Optimization Configuration Examples . . . . . . 473
Configuring iSCSI Optimization Between
Servers and a Disk Array . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 473
22 Contents
18 Configuring Port Characteristics. . . . . . 477
Port Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 477
What Physical Port Characteristics Can
Be Configured? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 477
What is Link Dependency? . . . . . . . . . . . . 479
What Interface Types are Supported? . . . . . . 481
What is Interface Configuration Mode? . . . . . 481
What Are the Green Ethernet Features? . . . . . 483
Default Port Values. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 485
Configuring Port Characteristics (Web) . . . . . . . . 486
Port Configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 486
Link Dependency Configuration . . . . . . . . . 489
Link Dependency Summary. . . . . . . . . . . . 491
Port Green Ethernet Configuration . . . . . . . . 492
Port Green Ethernet Statistics . . . . . . . . . . 493
Port Green Ethernet LPI History . . . . . . . . . 495
Configuring Port Characteristics (CLI). . . . . . . . . 496
Configuring Port Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . 496
Configuring Link Dependencies . . . . . . . . . 497
Configuring Green Features . . . . . . . . . . . 498
Port Configuration Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . 500
Configuring Port Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . 500
Configuring a Link Dependency Groups . . . . . 501
19 Configuring Port and System
Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 503
Port-based Security—IEEE 802.1X and Port
MAC Locking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 503
IEEE 802.1X . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 504
Contents 23
Port Security (Port-MAC Locking) . . . . . . . . . 539
Captive Portal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 543
Captive Portal Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 543
Default Captive Portal Behavior and Settings . . . 548
Configuring the Captive Portal (Web) . . . . . . . 550
Configuring Captive Portal (CLI) . . . . . . . . . . 568
Captive Portal Configuration Example . . . . . . . 574
Authentication Manager. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 578
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 578
Authentication Restart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 579
802.1X Interaction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 579
Authentication Priority . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 579
Configuration Example—802.1X and MAB . . . . . 580
Denial of Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 582
20 Configuring Access Control Lists . . . . . 583
ACL Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 583
What Are MAC ACLs? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 584
What Are IP ACLs? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 585
What Is the ACL Redirect Function? . . . . . . . . 585
What Is the ACL Mirror Function? . . . . . . . . . 585
What Is ACL Logging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 586
What Are Time-Based ACLs?. . . . . . . . . . . . 586
What Are the ACL Limitations? . . . . . . . . . . . 587
ACL Configuration Details . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 591
How Are ACLs Configured?. . . . . . . . . . . . . 591
Editing Access Lists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 591
Preventing False ACL Matches. . . . . . . . . . . 591
Using IP and MAC Address Masks. . . . . . . . . 593
24 Contents
Policy Based Routing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 594
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 594
Limitations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 596
Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 598
Configuring ACLs (Web) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 599
IP ACL Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 599
IP ACL Rule Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . 601
MAC ACL Configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 603
MAC ACL Rule Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . 605
IPv6 ACL Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 606
IPv6 ACL Rule Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . 607
ACL Binding Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . 609
Time Range Entry Configuration . . . . . . . . . 610
Configuring ACLs (CLI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 612
Configuring an IPv4 ACL . . . . . . . . . . . . . 612
Configuring a MAC ACL. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 618
Configuring an IPv6 ACL . . . . . . . . . . . . . 623
Configuring a Time Range. . . . . . . . . . . . . 626
ACL Configuration Examples. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 628
Basic Rules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 628
Internal System ACLs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 629
Complete ACL Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 629
Advanced Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 633
Policy Based Routing Examples . . . . . . . . . 640
21 Configuring VLANs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 645
VLAN Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 645
Switchport Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 648
VLAN Tagging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 649
GVRP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 650
Contents 25
Double-VLAN Tagging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 651
Voice VLAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 652
Private VLANs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 654
Additional VLAN Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . 660
Default VLAN Behavior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 661
Configuring VLANs (Web) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 663
VLAN Membership . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 663
VLAN Port Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 668
VLAN LAG Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 669
Bind MAC to VLAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 671
Bind IP Subnet to VLAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 672
GVRP Parameters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 673
Protocol Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 675
Adding a Protocol Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 676
Double VLAN Global Configuration. . . . . . . . . 678
Double VLAN Interface Configuration . . . . . . . 679
Voice VLAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 681
Configuring VLANs (CLI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 682
Creating a VLAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 682
Configuring a Port in Access Mode . . . . . . . . 682
Configuring a Port in Trunk Mode . . . . . . . . . 683
Configuring a Port in General Mode . . . . . . . . 686
Configuring VLAN Settings for a LAG . . . . . . . 688
Configuring Double VLAN Tagging . . . . . . . . . 689
Configuring MAC-Based VLANs . . . . . . . . . . 691
Configuring IP-Based VLANs. . . . . . . . . . . . 692
Configuring a Protocol-Based VLAN . . . . . . . . 693
Configuring GVRP. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 695
Configuring Voice VLANs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 697
VLAN Configuration Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . 698
Configuring VLANs Using Dell OpenManage
Administrator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 701
26 Contents
Configure the VLANs and Ports on Switch 2 . . . 705
Configuring VLANs Using the CLI . . . . . . . . . 706
Configuring a Voice VLAN . . . . . . . . . . . . 710
22 Configuring the Spanning Tree
Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 715
STP Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 715
What Are Classic STP, Multiple STP, and
Rapid STP? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 715
How Does STP Work?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 716
How Does MSTP Operate in the Network?. . . . 717
MSTP with Multiple Forwarding Paths . . . . . . 721
What are the Optional STP Features? . . . . . . 722
RSTP-PV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 724
DirectLink Rapid Convergence . . . . . . . . . . 725
IndirectLink Rapid Convergence Feature. . . . . 727
Interoperability Between STP-PV and
RSTP-PV Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 729
Interoperability With IEEE Spanning Tree
Protocols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 729
Configuration Examples. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 734
Default STP Values. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 735
Configuring Spanning Tree (Web) . . . . . . . . . . . 736
STP Global Settings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 736
STP Port Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 738
STP LAG Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 740
Rapid Spanning Tree . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 741
MSTP Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 743
MSTP Interface Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . 745
Contents 27
Configuring Spanning Tree (CLI). . . . . . . . . . . . . 746
Configuring Global STP Bridge Settings . . . . . . 746
Configuring Optional STP Features. . . . . . . . . 747
Configuring STP Interface Settings . . . . . . . . 748
Configuring MSTP Switch Settings. . . . . . . . . 749
Configuring MSTP Interface Settings . . . . . . . 750
STP Configuration Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 751
STP Configuration Example. . . . . . . . . . . . . 751
MSTP Configuration Example . . . . . . . . . . . 753
RSTP-PV Access Switch Configuration
Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 756
23 Discovering Network Devices. . . . . . . . 761
Device Discovery Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 761
What Is ISDP? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 761
What is LLDP? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 761
What is LLDP-MED? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 762
Why are Device Discovery Protocols
Needed? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 762
Default IDSP and LLDP Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . 763
Configuring ISDP and LLDP (Web). . . . . . . . . . . . 765
ISDP Global Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . 765
ISDP Cache Table. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 766
ISDP Interface Configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . 767
ISDP Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 768
LLDP Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 769
LLDP Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 771
LLDP Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 772
LLDP-MED Global Configuration . . . . . . . . . . 774
LLDP-MED Interface Configuration . . . . . . . . 775
LLDP-MED Local Device Information . . . . . . . 776
28 Contents
LLDP-MED Remote Device Information . . . . . 776
Configuring ISDP and LLDP (CLI) . . . . . . . . . . . 777
Configuring Global ISDP Settings. . . . . . . . . 777
Enabling ISDP on a Port . . . . . . . . . . . . . 778
Viewing and Clearing ISDP Information . . . . . 778
Configuring Global LLDP Settings. . . . . . . . . 779
Configuring Port-based LLDP Settings . . . . . . 779
Viewing and Clearing LLDP Information . . . . . 780
Configuring LLDP-MED Settings . . . . . . . . . 781
Viewing LLDP-MED Information . . . . . . . . . 782
Device Discovery Configuration Examples . . . . . . 782
Configuring ISDP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 782
Configuring LLDP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 783
24 Configuring Port-Based Traffic
Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 787
Port-Based Traffic Control Overview . . . . . . . . . 787
What is Flow Control?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 788
What is Storm Control? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 788
What are Protected Ports? . . . . . . . . . . . . 789
What is Link Local Protocol Filtering? . . . . . . 789
Default Port-Based Traffic Control Values . . . . . . 790
Configuring Port-Based Traffic Control (Web) . . . . 791
Flow Control (Global Port Parameters) . . . . . . 791
Storm Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 792
Protected Port Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . 794
LLPF Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 796
Configuring Port-Based Traffic Control (CLI) . . . . . 798
Configuring Flow Control and Storm Control . . . 798
Contents 29
Configuring Protected Ports . . . . . . . . . . . . 799
Configuring LLPF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 800
Port-Based Traffic Control Configuration Example . . . 801
25 Configuring L2 Multicast Features . . . . 803
L2 Multicast Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 803
Multicast Flooding and Forwarding . . . . . . . . 803
What Are the Multicast Bridging Features? . . . . 804
What Is L2 Multicast Traffic? . . . . . . . . . . . . 804
What Is IGMP Snooping?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 805
What Is MLD Snooping? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 807
What Is Multicast VLAN Registration? . . . . . . . 808
When Are L3 Multicast Features Required? . . . . 809
What Are GARP and GMRP? . . . . . . . . . . . . 810
Snooping Switch Restrictions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 812
Partial IGMPv3 and MLDv2 Support . . . . . . . . 812
MAC Address-Based Multicast Group . . . . . . . 812
IGMP/MLD Snooping in a Multicast Router . . . . 812
Topologies Where the Multicast Source Is
Not Directly Connected to the Querier . . . . . . . 813
Using Static Multicast MAC Configuration. . . . . 813
IGMP Snooping and GMRP. . . . . . . . . . . . . 813
Default L2 Multicast Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 814
Configuring L2 Multicast Features (Web) . . . . . . . . 816
Multicast Global Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . 816
Bridge Multicast Group. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 817
MRouter Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 820
General IGMP Snooping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 821
Global Querier Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . 824
VLAN Querier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 825
30 Contents
VLAN Querier Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 827
MFDB IGMP Snooping Table . . . . . . . . . . . 828
MLD Snooping General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 829
MLD Snooping Global Querier Configuration. . . 831
MLD Snooping VLAN Querier. . . . . . . . . . . 832
MLD Snooping VLAN Querier Status . . . . . . . 834
MFDB MLD Snooping Table . . . . . . . . . . . 835
MVR Global Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . 836
MVR Members . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 837
MVR Interface Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . 838
MVR Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 840
GARP Timers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 841
GMRP Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 843
MFDB GMRP Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 845
Configuring L2 Multicast Features (CLI) . . . . . . . . 846
Configuring Layer 2 Multicasting . . . . . . . . . 846
Configuring IGMP Snooping on VLANs. . . . . . 847
Configuring IGMP Snooping Querier . . . . . . . 848
Configuring MLD Snooping on VLANs . . . . . . 849
Configuring MLD Snooping Querier . . . . . . . 850
Configuring MVR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 851
Configuring GARP Timers and GMRP. . . . . . . 853
Case Study on a Real-World Network Topology . . . 854
Multicast Snooping Case Study . . . . . . . . . 854
26 Configuring Connectivity Fault
Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 859
Dot1ag Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 859
How Does Dot1ag Work Across a Carrier
Network? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 860
What Entities Make Up a Maintenance
Domain? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 861
Contents 31
What is the Administrators Role? . . . . . . . . . 863
Default Dot1ag Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 864
Configuring Dot1ag (Web) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 865
Dot1ag Global Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . 865
Dot1ag MD Configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 865
Dot1ag MA Configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 866
Dot1ag MEP Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . 867
Dot1ag MIP Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . 868
Dot1ag RMEP Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 869
Dot1ag L2 Ping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 870
Dot1ag L2 Traceroute . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 870
Dot1ag L2 Traceroute Cache . . . . . . . . . . . . 871
Dot1ag Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 872
Configuring Dot1ag (CLI). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 873
Configuring Dot1ag Global Settings and
Creating Domains. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 873
Configuring MEP Information. . . . . . . . . . . . 874
Dot1ag Ping and Traceroute . . . . . . . . . . . . 875
Dot1ag Configuration Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . 876
27 Snooping and Inspecting Traffic . . . . . . 879
Traffic Snooping and Inspection Overview . . . . . . . 879
What Is DHCP Snooping?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 880
How Is the DHCP Snooping Bindings
Database Populated?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 881
What Is IP Source Guard? . . . . . . . . . . . . . 883
What is Dynamic ARP Inspection? . . . . . . . . . 884
Why Is Traffic Snooping and Inspection
Necessary? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 885
32 Contents
Default Traffic Snooping and Inspection Values . . . 885
Configuring Traffic Snooping and
Inspection (Web) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 887
DHCP Snooping Configuration . . . . . . . . . . 887
DHCP Snooping Interface Configuration . . . . . 888
DHCP Snooping VLAN Configuration . . . . . . . 890
DHCP Snooping Persistent Configuration . . . . 891
DHCP Snooping Static Bindings
Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 892
DHCP Snooping Dynamic Bindings
Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 893
DHCP Snooping Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . 894
IPSG Interface Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . 895
IPSG Binding Configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . 895
IPSG Binding Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 896
DAI Global Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . 897
DAI Interface Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . 898
DAI VLAN Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . 900
DAI ACL Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 901
DAI ACL Rule Configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . 901
DAI Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 902
Configuring Traffic Snooping and
Inspection (CLI). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 904
Configuring DHCP Snooping . . . . . . . . . . . 904
Configuring IP Source Guard . . . . . . . . . . . 906
Configuring Dynamic ARP Inspection . . . . . . 907
Traffic Snooping and Inspection Configuration
Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 910
Configuring DHCP Snooping . . . . . . . . . . . 910
Configuring IPSG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 912
Contents 33
28 Configuring Link Aggregation . . . . . . . . 913
Link Aggregation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 913
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 913
Default Link Aggregation Values . . . . . . . . . . 917
Configuring Link Aggregation (Web) . . . . . . . . 918
Configuring Link Aggregation (CLI) . . . . . . . . . 925
Link Aggregation Configuration Examples . . . . . 929
Multi-Switch LAG (MLAG). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 932
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 932
Deployment Scenarios . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 933
Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 935
Configuration Consistency . . . . . . . . . . . . . 936
Operation in the Network. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 939
L2 Configuration Steps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 942
Switch Firmware Upgrade Procedure . . . . . . . 945
Static Routing on MLAG Interfaces . . . . . . . . 946
Caveats and Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 953
Basic Configuration Example. . . . . . . . . . . . 959
A Complete Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 966
29 Configuring Data Center Bridging
Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 983
Data Center Bridging Technology Overview . . . . . . 983
Default DCB Values. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 984
Priority Flow Control. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 985
PFC Operation and Behavior . . . . . . . . . . . . 985
Configuring PFC Using the Web Interface . . . . . 986
Configuring PFC Using the CLI . . . . . . . . . . . 988
PFC Configuration Example. . . . . . . . . . . . . 990
34 Contents
DCB Capability Exchange . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 992
Interoperability with IEEE DCBx . . . . . . . . . 993
DCBx and Port Roles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 993
Configuration Source Port Selection
Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 995
Disabling DCBX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 996
Configuring DCBx . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 997
Enhanced Transmission Selection. . . . . . . . . . . 999
ETS Operation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 999
Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1002
ETS Configuration Example . . . . . . . . . . . . 1003
ETS Theory of Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1009
30 Managing the MAC Address Table . . . 1015
MAC Address Table Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1015
How Is the Address Table Populated? . . . . . . 1015
What Information Is in the MAC Address
Table? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1016
How Is the MAC Address Table Maintained
Across a Stack?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1016
Default MAC Address Table Values . . . . . . . . . . 1016
Managing the MAC Address Table (Web) . . . . . . . 1017
Static Address Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1017
Global Address Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1019
Managing the MAC Address Table (CLI). . . . . . . . 1020
Managing the MAC Address Table . . . . . . . . 1020
Contents 35
31 Configuring Routing Interfaces . . . . . . 1021
Routing Interface Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1021
What Are VLAN Routing Interfaces? . . . . . . . 1021
What Are Loopback Interfaces? . . . . . . . . . 1022
What Are Tunnel Interfaces?. . . . . . . . . . . 1023
Why Are Routing Interfaces Needed? . . . . . . 1024
Default Routing Interface Values . . . . . . . . . . . 1026
Configuring Routing Interfaces (Web). . . . . . . . . 1027
IP Interface Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . 1027
DHCP Lease Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1028
VLAN Routing Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1028
Tunnel Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1029
Tunnels Summary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1030
Loopbacks Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1031
Loopbacks Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1032
Configuring Routing Interfaces (CLI) . . . . . . . . . 1033
Configuring VLAN Routing Interfaces (IPv4) . . . 1033
Configuring Loopback Interfaces. . . . . . . . . 1035
Configuring Tunnels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1036
32 Configuring DHCP Server and Relay
Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1037
DHCP Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1037
How Does DHCP Work? . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1038
What are DHCP Options?. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1038
How is DHCP Option 82 Used? . . . . . . . . . . 1039
What Additional DHCP Features Does the
Switch Support? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1041
36 Contents
Default DHCP Server Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1042
Configuring the DHCP Server (Web) . . . . . . . . . . 1043
DHCP Server Network Properties . . . . . . . . 1043
Address Pool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1045
Address Pool Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1049
DHCP Bindings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1051
DHCP Server Reset Configuration . . . . . . . . 1052
DHCP Server Conflicts Information . . . . . . . . 1052
DHCP Server Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1053
Configuring the DHCP Server (CLI) . . . . . . . . . . 1054
Configuring Global DHCP Server Settings . . . . 1054
Configuring a Dynamic Address Pool. . . . . . . 1055
Configuring a Static Address Pool . . . . . . . . 1056
Monitoring DHCP Server Information . . . . . . 1057
DHCP Server Configuration Examples. . . . . . . . . 1058
Configuring a Dynamic Address Pool. . . . . . . 1058
Configuring a Static Address Pool . . . . . . . . 1060
33 Configuring IP Routing. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1063
IP Routing Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1063
Default IP Routing Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1065
ARP Table. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1066
Configuring IP Routing Features (Web) . . . . . . . . 1067
IP Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1067
IP Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1068
ARP Create . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1069
ARP Table Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1070
Router Discovery Configuration . . . . . . . . . 1071
Contents 37
Router Discovery Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1072
Route Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1073
Best Routes Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1074
Route Entry Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . 1075
Configured Routes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1077
Route Preferences Configuration . . . . . . . . 1078
Configuring IP Routing Features (CLI) . . . . . . . . . 1079
Configuring Global IP Routing Settings. . . . . . 1079
Adding Static ARP Entries and Configuring
ARP Table Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1080
Configuring Router Discovery (IRDP). . . . . . . 1081
Configuring Route Table Entries and Route
Preferences. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1082
IP Routing Configuration Example . . . . . . . . . . 1084
Configuring Dell Networking Switch A . . . . . . 1085
Configuring Dell Networking Switch B . . . . . . 1086
34 Configuring L2 and L3 Relay
Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1087
L2 and L3 Relay Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1087
What Is L3 DHCP Relay? . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1087
What Is L2 DHCP Relay? . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1088
What Is the IP Helper Feature?. . . . . . . . . . 1089
Default L2/L3 Relay Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1093
Configuring L2 and L3 Relay Features (Web) . . . . . 1094
DHCP Relay Global Configuration . . . . . . . . 1094
DHCP Relay Interface Configuration . . . . . . . 1095
DHCP Relay Interface Statistics . . . . . . . . . 1097
DHCP Relay VLAN Configuration . . . . . . . . . 1098
DHCP Relay Agent Configuration. . . . . . . . . 1098
IP Helper Global Configuration . . . . . . . . . . 1100
38 Contents
IP Helper Interface Configuration . . . . . . . . 1102
IP Helper Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1104
Configuring L2 and L3 Relay Features (CLI) . . . . . . 1105
Configuring L2 DHCP Relay . . . . . . . . . . . . 1105
Configuring L3 Relay (IP Helper) Settings . . . . 1107
Relay Agent Configuration Example. . . . . . . . . . 1109
35 Configuring OSPF and OSPFv3. . . . . . . 1111
OSPF Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1112
What Are OSPF Areas and Other OSPF
Topology Features? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1112
What Are OSPF Routers and LSAs? . . . . . . . 1113
How Are Routes Selected? . . . . . . . . . . . . 1113
How Are OSPF and OSPFv3 Different? . . . . . . 1113
OSPF Feature Details. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1114
Max Metric . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1114
Static Area Range Cost . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1116
LSA Pacing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1117
Flood Blocking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1118
Default OSPF Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1120
Configuring OSPF Features (Web) . . . . . . . . . . . 1122
OSPF Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1122
OSPF Area Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1123
OSPF Stub Area Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . 1126
OSPF Area Range Configuration . . . . . . . . . 1127
OSPF Interface Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1128
OSPF Interface Configuration. . . . . . . . . . . 1129
OSPF Neighbor Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1130
OSPF Neighbor Configuration . . . . . . . . . . 1131
OSPF Link State Database . . . . . . . . . . . . 1132
Contents 39
OSPF Virtual Link Configuration . . . . . . . . . 1132
OSPF Virtual Link Summary. . . . . . . . . . . . 1134
OSPF Route Redistribution Configuration . . . . 1135
OSPF Route Redistribution Summary. . . . . . . 1136
NSF OSPF Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1137
Configuring OSPFv3 Features (Web) . . . . . . . . . 1138
OSPFv3 Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1138
OSPFv3 Area Configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . 1139
OSPFv3 Stub Area Summary . . . . . . . . . . . 1142
OSPFv3 Area Range Configuration . . . . . . . . 1143
OSPFv3 Interface Configuration . . . . . . . . . 1144
OSPFv3 Interface Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . 1145
OSPFv3 Neighbors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1146
OSPFv3 Neighbor Table. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1147
OSPFv3 Link State Database . . . . . . . . . . . 1148
OSPFv3 Virtual Link Configuration . . . . . . . . 1149
OSPFv3 Virtual Link Summary . . . . . . . . . . 1151
OSPFv3 Route Redistribution Configuration . . . 1152
OSPFv3 Route Redistribution Summary . . . . . 1153
NSF OSPFv3 Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . 1154
Configuring OSPF Features (CLI) . . . . . . . . . . . 1155
Configuring Global OSPF Settings . . . . . . . . 1155
Configuring OSPF Interface Settings. . . . . . . 1158
Configuring Stub Areas and NSSAs . . . . . . . 1160
Configuring Virtual Links . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1162
Configuring OSPF Area Range Settings . . . . . 1164
Configuring NSF Settings for OSPF. . . . . . . . 1166
Configuring OSPFv3 Features (CLI) . . . . . . . . . . 1167
Configuring Global OSPFv3 Settings . . . . . . . 1167
Configuring OSPFv3 Interface Settings . . . . . 1169
Configuring Stub Areas and NSSAs . . . . . . . 1171
Configuring Virtual Links . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1173
Configuring an OSPFv3 Area Range . . . . . . . 1174
40 Contents
Configuring OSPFv3 Route Redistribution
Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1175
Configuring NSF Settings for OSPFv3. . . . . . . 1176
OSPF Configuration Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1177
Configuring an OSPF Border Router and
Setting Interface Costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1177
Configuring Stub and NSSA Areas for
OSPF and OSPFv3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1180
Configuring a Virtual Link for OSPF and
OSPFv3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1184
Interconnecting an IPv4 Backbone and
Local IPv6 Network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1187
Configuring the Static Area Range Cost . . . . . 1190
Configuring Flood Blocking . . . . . . . . . . . . 1195
36 Configuring RIP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1201
RIP Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1201
How Does RIP Determine Route
Information?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1201
What Is Split Horizon? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1202
What RIP Versions Are Supported? . . . . . . . 1202
Default RIP Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1203
Configuring RIP Features (Web) . . . . . . . . . . . . 1204
RIP Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1204
RIP Interface Configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . 1205
RIP Interface Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1206
RIP Route Redistribution Configuration. . . . . . 1207
RIP Route Redistribution Summary . . . . . . . . 1208
Configuring RIP Features (CLI). . . . . . . . . . . . . 1209
Configuring Global RIP Settings . . . . . . . . . 1209
Configuring RIP Interface Settings . . . . . . . . 1210
Contents 41
Configuring Route Redistribution Settings . . . . 1211
RIP Configuration Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1213
37 Configuring VRRP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1217
VRRP Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1217
How Does VRRP Work?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1217
What Is the VRRP Router Priority? . . . . . . . . 1218
What Is VRRP Preemption?. . . . . . . . . . . . 1218
What Is VRRP Accept Mode? . . . . . . . . . . 1219
What Are VRRP Route and Interface
Tracking? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1219
Default VRRP Values. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1221
Configuring VRRP Features (Web). . . . . . . . . . . 1222
VRRP Configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1222
VRRP Virtual Router Status . . . . . . . . . . . . 1223
VRRP Virtual Router Statistics . . . . . . . . . . 1224
VRRP Router Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . 1225
VRRP Route Tracking Configuration . . . . . . . 1226
VRRP Interface Tracking Configuration . . . . . 1228
Configuring VRRP Features (CLI) . . . . . . . . . . . 1230
Configuring VRRP Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . 1230
VRRP Configuration Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1232
VRRP with Load Sharing . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1232
Troubleshooting VRRP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1235
VRRP with Route and Interface Tracking. . . . . 1236
42 Contents
38 Configuring IPv6 Routing . . . . . . . . . . . 1241
IPv6 Routing Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1241
How Does IPv6 Compare with IPv4? . . . . . . . 1242
How Are IPv6 Interfaces Configured? . . . . . . 1242
Default IPv6 Routing Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1243
Configuring IPv6 Routing Features (Web) . . . . . . . 1245
Global Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1245
Interface Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1246
Interface Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1247
IPv6 Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1248
IPv6 Neighbor Table. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1249
DHCPv6 Client Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . 1250
DHCPv6 Client Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1251
IPv6 Router Entry Configuration . . . . . . . . . 1252
IPv6 Route Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1253
IPv6 Route Preferences. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1254
Configured IPv6 Routes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1255
Configuring IPv6 Routing Features (CLI) . . . . . . . . 1256
Configuring Global IP Routing Settings . . . . . . 1256
Configuring IPv6 Interface Settings . . . . . . . 1257
Configuring IPv6 Neighbor Discovery . . . . . . 1258
Configuring IPv6 Route Table Entries and
Route Preferences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1260
IPv6 Show Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1262
Contents 43
IPv6 Static Reject and Discard Routes . . . . . . . . 1263
39 Configuring DHCPv6 Server and
Relay Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1265
DHCPv6 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1265
What Is a DHCPv6 Pool? . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1266
What Is a Stateless Server? . . . . . . . . . . . 1266
What Is the DHCPv6 Relay Agent
Information Option?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1266
What Is a Prefix Delegation? . . . . . . . . . . . 1266
Default DHCPv6 Server and Relay Values. . . . . . . 1267
Configuring the DHCPv6 Server and Relay (Web). . . 1268
DHCPv6 Global Configuration . . . . . . . . . . 1268
DHCPv6 Pool Configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . 1269
Prefix Delegation Configuration . . . . . . . . . 1271
DHCPv6 Pool Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1272
DHCPv6 Interface Configuration . . . . . . . . . 1273
DHCPv6 Server Bindings Summary . . . . . . . 1275
DHCPv6 Statistics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1276
Configuring the DHCPv6 Server and Relay (CLI) . . . 1277
Configuring Global DHCP Server and
Relay Agent Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1277
Configuring a DHCPv6 Pool for Stateless
Server Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1277
Configuring a DHCPv6 Pool for Specific
Hosts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1278
Configuring DHCPv6 Interface Information . . . 1279
Monitoring DHCPv6 Information . . . . . . . . . 1280
DHCPv6 Configuration Examples . . . . . . . . . . . 1281
Configuring a DHCPv6 Stateless Server . . . . . 1281
44 Contents
Configuring the DHCPv6 Server for Prefix
Delegation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1282
Configuring an Interface as a DHCPv6
Relay Agent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1283
40 Configuring Differentiated Services . . 1285
DiffServ Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1285
How Does DiffServ Functionality Vary Based
on the Role of the Switch? . . . . . . . . . . . . 1286
What Are the Elements of DiffServ
Configuration? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1286
Default DiffServ Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1287
Configuring DiffServ (Web) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1288
DiffServ Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1288
Class Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1289
Class Criteria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1290
Policy Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1292
Policy Class Definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1294
Service Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1297
Service Detailed Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . 1298
Flow-Based Mirroring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1299
Configuring DiffServ (CLI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1300
DiffServ Configuration (Global) . . . . . . . . . . 1300
DiffServ Class Configuration for IPv4 . . . . . . . 1300
DiffServ Class Configuration for IPv6 . . . . . . . 1302
DiffServ Policy Creation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1303
DiffServ Policy Attributes Configuration . . . . . 1304
DiffServ Service Configuration . . . . . . . . . . 1306
DiffServ Configuration Examples . . . . . . . . . . . 1307
Providing Subnets Equal Access to
External Network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1307
Contents 45
DiffServ for VoIP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1310
41 Configuring Class-of-Service . . . . . . . 1313
CoS Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1313
What Are Trusted and Untrusted Port
Modes? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1314
How Is Traffic Shaping Used on Egress
Traffic? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1314
How Are Traffic Queues Defined? . . . . . . . . 1315
Which Queue Management Methods Are
Supported? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1315
CoS Queue Usage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1316
Default CoS Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1316
Configuring CoS (Web) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1318
Mapping Table Configuration. . . . . . . . . . . 1318
Interface Configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1320
Interface Queue Configuration . . . . . . . . . . 1321
Interface Queue Drop Precedence
Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1322
Configuring CoS (CLI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1324
Mapping Table Configuration. . . . . . . . . . . 1324
CoS Interface Configuration Commands . . . . . 1325
Interface Queue Configuration . . . . . . . . . . 1325
Configuring Interface Queue Drop
Probability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1327
46 Contents
CoS Configuration Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1328
42 Configuring Auto VoIP . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1331
Auto VoIP Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1331
How Does Auto-VoIP Use ACLs? . . . . . . . . . 1332
Default Auto VoIP Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1332
Configuring Auto VoIP (Web) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1333
Auto VoIP Global Configuration. . . . . . . . . . 1333
Auto VoIP Interface Configuration . . . . . . . . 1333
Configuring Auto VoIP (CLI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1335
43 Managing IPv4 and IPv6 Multicast . . . 1337
L3 Multicast Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1337
What Is IP Multicast Traffic? . . . . . . . . . . . 1338
What Multicast Protocols Does the Switch
Support?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1339
What Are the Multicast Protocol Roles? . . . . . 1339
When Is L3 Multicast Required on the
Switch? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1340
What Is the Multicast Routing Table? . . . . . . 1341
What Is IGMP? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1341
What Is MLD? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1342
What Is PIM? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1343
What Is DVMRP? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1353
Default L3 Multicast Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1355
Configuring General IPv4 Multicast
Features (Web) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1357
Multicast Global Configuration . . . . . . . . . . 1357
Contents 47
Multicast Interface Configuration . . . . . . . . 1358
Multicast Route Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1359
Multicast Admin Boundary Configuration . . . . 1360
Multicast Admin Boundary Summary . . . . . . 1361
Multicast Static MRoute Configuration . . . . . 1361
Multicast Static MRoute Summary. . . . . . . . 1362
Configuring IPv6 Multicast Features (Web) . . . . . . 1363
IPv6 Multicast Route Table . . . . . . . . . . . . 1363
Configuring IGMP and IGMP Proxy (Web) . . . . . . 1364
IGMP Global Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . 1364
IGMP Interface Configuration . . . . . . . . . . 1365
IGMP Interface Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . 1366
IGMP Cache Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1366
IGMP Interface Source List Information . . . . . 1368
IGMP Proxy Interface Configuration . . . . . . . 1369
IGMP Proxy Configuration Summary . . . . . . . 1370
IGMP Proxy Interface Membership Info . . . . . 1371
Detailed IGMP Proxy Interface
Membership Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1372
Configuring MLD and MLD Proxy (Web) . . . . . . . 1373
MLD Global Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . 1373
MLD Routing Interface Configuration . . . . . . 1374
MLD Routing Interface Summary. . . . . . . . . 1375
MLD Routing Interface Cache Information. . . . 1375
MLD Routing Interface Source List Information . 1376
MLD Traffic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1377
MLD Proxy Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1378
MLD Proxy Configuration Summary . . . . . . . 1379
MLD Proxy Interface Membership
Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1380
Detailed MLD Proxy Interface
Membership Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1381
48 Contents
Configuring PIM for IPv4 and IPv6 (Web) . . . . . . . 1382
PIM Global Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1382
PIM Global Status. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1383
PIM Interface Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . 1384
PIM Interface Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1385
Candidate RP Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . 1386
Static RP Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1388
SSM Range Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . 1390
BSR Candidate Configuration. . . . . . . . . . . 1392
BSR Candidate Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1393
Configuring DVMRP (Web). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1394
DVMRP Global Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . 1394
DVMRP Interface Configuration . . . . . . . . . 1395
DVMRP Configuration Summary . . . . . . . . . 1396
DVMRP Next Hop Summary . . . . . . . . . . . 1397
DVMRP Prune Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1398
DVMRP Route Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1398
Configuring L3 Multicast Features (CLI) . . . . . . . . 1399
Configuring and Viewing IPv4 Multicast
Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1399
Configuring and Viewing IPv6 Multicast
Route Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1401
Configuring and Viewing IGMP . . . . . . . . . . 1402
Configuring and Viewing IGMP Proxy . . . . . . 1404
Configuring and Viewing MLD . . . . . . . . . . 1405
Configuring and Viewing MLD Proxy . . . . . . . 1406
Configuring and Viewing PIM-DM for
IPv4 Multicast Routing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1407
Configuring and Viewing PIM-DM for IPv6
Multicast Routing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1408
Configuring and Viewing PIM-SM for IPv4
Multicast Routing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1410
Configuring and Viewing PIM-SM for IPv6
Multicast Routing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1412
Contents 49
Configuring and Viewing DVMRP
Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1416
L3 Multicast Configuration Examples . . . . . . . . . 1417
Configuring Multicast VLAN Routing With
IGMP and PIM-SM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1417
Configuring DVMRP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1421
A Feature Limitations and Platform
Constants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1423
B System Process Definitions . . . . . . . . 1433
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1441
50 Contents
Introduction 51
1
Introduction
The switches in the Dell Networking N2000/N3000/N4000 series are stackable
Layer 2 and 3 switches that extend the Dell Networking LAN switching
product range. These switches include the following features:
1U form factor, rack-mountable chassis design.
Support for all data-communication requirements for a multi-layer switch,
including layer 2 switching, IPv4 routing, IPv6 routing, IP multicast,
quality of service, security, and system management features.
High availability with hot swappable stack members.
The Dell Networking N2000/N3000/N4000 includes 13 switch models:
N2024, N2024P, N2038,N2048P, N3024, N3024F, N3024P, N3048, N3048P,
N4032, N4032F, N4064, N4064F.
About This Document
This guide describes how to configure, monitor, and maintain Dell
Networking N2000/N3000/N4000 switches by using web-based Dell
OpenManage Switch Administrator utility or the command-line interface
(CLI).
NOTE: Switch administrators are strongly advised to maintain Dell Networking
switches on the latest version of the Dell Networking Operating System (DNOS).
Dell Networking continually improves the features and functions of DNOS based
on feedback from you, the customer. For critical infrastructure, prestaging of the
new release into a non-critical portion of the network is recommended to verify
network configuration and operation with any new version of DNOS switch
firmware.
52 Introduction
Audience
This guide is for network administrators in charge of managing one or more
Dell Networking series switches. To obtain the greatest benefit from this
guide, you should have a basic understanding of Ethernet networks and local
area network (LAN) concepts.
Document Conventions
Table 1-1 describes the typographical conventions this document uses.
Table 1-1. Document Conventions
Convention Description
Bold Page names, field names, menu options, button names, and
CLI commands and keywords.
courier font Command-line text (CLI output) and file names
[ ] In a command line, square brackets indicate an optional
entry.
{ } In a command line, inclusive brackets indicate a selection of
compulsory parameters separated by the | character. One
option must be selected. For example: spanning-tree mode
{stp|rstp|mstp} means that for the spanning-tree mode
command you must enter either stp, rstp, or mstp
Italic
In a command line, indicates a variable.
<Enter> Any individual key on the keyboard.
CTRL + Z A keyboard combination that involves pressing the Z key
while holding the CTRL key.
Introduction 53
Additional Documentation
The following documents for the Dell Networking series switches are
available at support.dell.com/manuals:
Getting Started Guide—
provides information about the switch models in
the series, including front and back panel features. It also describes the
installation and initial configuration procedures.
CLI Reference Guide—
provides information about the command-line
interface (CLI) commands used to configure and manage the switch. The
document provides in-depth CLI descriptions, syntax, default values, and
usage guidelines.
54 Introduction
Switch Feature Overview 55
2
Switch Feature Overview
This section describes the switch user-configurable software features.
The topics covered in this section include:
NOTE: Before proceeding, read the release notes for this product. The release
notes are part of the firmware download.
System Management
Features
•Stacking Features
Security Features
Green Technology Features
Power over Ethernet (PoE)
Plus Features
Switching Features
Virtual Local Area Network
Supported Features
Spanning Tree Protocol
Features
Link Aggregation Features
•Routing Features
IPv6 Routing Features
Quality of Service (QoS)
Features
Layer 2 Multicast Features
Layer 3 Multicast Features
56 Switch Feature Overview
System Management Features
Multiple Management Options
You can use any of the following methods to manage the switch:
Use a web browser to access the Dell OpenManage Switch Administrator
interface. The switch contains an embedded Web server that serves
HTML pages.
Use a Telnet client, SSH client, or a direct console connection to access
the CLI. The CLI
syntax and semantics conform as much as possible to
common industry practice.
Use a network management system (NMS), like the Dell OpenManage
Network Manager, to manage and monitor the system through SNMP. The
switch supports
SNMP v1/v2c/v3 over the UDP/IP transport protocol.
Nearly all switch features support a preconfiguration capability, even when
the feature is not enabled or the required hardware is not present.
Preconfigured capabilities become active only when enabled (typically via an
admin mode control) or when the required hardware is present (or both). For
example, a port can be preconfigured with both trunk and access mode
information. The trunk mode information is applied only when the port is
placed into trunk mode and the access mode information is only applied
when the port is placed into access mode. Likewise, OSPF routing can be
configured in the switch without being enabled on any port. This capability is
present in all of the management options.
System Time Management
You can configure the switch to obtain the system time and date through a
remote Simple Network Time Protocol (SNTP) server, or you can set the time
and date locally on the switch. You can also configure the time zone and
information about time shifts that might occur during summer months. If
you use SNTP to obtain the time, you can require communications between
the switch and the SNTP server to be encrypted.
For information about configuring system time settings, see "Managing
General System Settings" on page 279.
Switch Feature Overview 57
Log Messages
The switch maintains in-memory log messages as well as persistent logs. You
can configure remote logging so that the switch sends log messages to a
remote SYSLOG server. You can also configure the switch to email log
messages to a configured SMTP server. This allows you to receive the log
message in an e-mail account of your choice. Switch auditing messages, CLI
command logging, Web logging, and SNMP logging can be enabled or
disabled.
For information about configuring system logging, see "Monitoring and
Logging System Information" on page 243.
Integrated DHCP Server
Dell Networking series switches include an integrated DHCP server that can
deliver host-specific configuration information to hosts on the network. The
switch DHCP server allows you to configure IPv4 address pools (scopes), and
when a host’s DHCP client requests an address, the switch DHCP server
automatically assigns the host an address from the pool.
For information about configuring the DHCP server settings, see
"Configuring DHCP Server and Relay Settings" on page 1037.
Management of Basic Network Information
The DHCP client on the switch allows the switch to acquire information such
as the IPv4 or IPv6 address and default gateway from a network DHCP server.
You can also disable the DHCP client and configure static network
information. Other configurable network information includes a Domain
Name Server (DNS), hostname to IP address mapping, and a default domain
name.
If the switch detects an IP address conflict on the management interface, it
generates a trap and sends a log message.
For information about configuring basic network information, see "Setting
the IP Address and Other Basic Network Information" on page 147.
58 Switch Feature Overview
IPv6 Management Features
Dell Networking series switches provide IPv6 support for many standard
management features including HTTP, HTTPS/SSL, Telnet, SSH, SNMP,
SNTP, TFTP, and traceroute on both the in-band and out-of-band
management ports.
Dual Software Images
Dell Networking series switches can store up to two software images. The dual
image feature allows you to upgrade the switch without deleting the older
software image. You designate one image as the active image and the other
image as the backup image.
For information about managing the switch image, see "Managing Images
and Files" on page 359.
File Management
You can upload and download files such as configuration files and system
images by using HTTP (web only), TFTP, Secure FTP (SFTP), or Secure
Copy (SCP). Configuration file uploads from the switch to a server are a good
way to back up the switch configuration. You can also download a
configuration file from a server to the switch to restore the switch to the
configuration in the downloaded file.
You can also copy files to and from a USB Flash drive that is plugged into the
USB port on the front panel of the switch or automatically upgrade a switch
by booting it with a newer firmware image on a USB drive plugged in to the
switch.
For information about uploading, downloading, and copying files, see
"Managing Images and Files" on page 359.
Switch Database Management Templates
Switch Database Management (SDM) templates enable you to reallocate
system resources to support a different mix of features based on your network
requirements. Dell Networking series switches support the following three
templates:
Dual IPv4 and IPv6 (default)
•IPv4 Routing
Switch Feature Overview 59
•IPv4 Data Center
For information about setting the SDM template, see "Managing General
System Settings" on page 279.
Automatic Installation of Firmware and Configuration
The Auto Install feature allows the switch to upgrade or downgrade to a
newer software image and update the configuration file automatically during
device initialization with limited administrative configuration on the device.
If a USB device is connected to the switch and contains a firmware image
and/or configuration file, the Auto Install feature installs the image or
configuration file from USB device. Otherwise, the switch can obtain the
necessary information from a DHCP server on the network.
For information about Auto Install, see "Automatically Updating the Image
and Configuration" on page 389.
sFlow
sFlow is the standard for monitoring high-speed switched and routed
networks. sFlow technology is built into network equipment and gives
complete visibility into network activity, enabling effective management and
control of network resources. The Dell Networking series switches support
sFlow version 5.
For information about configuring managing sFlow settings, see "Monitoring
Switch Traffic" on page 407.
NOTE: Automatic migration of the startup configuration to the next version of
firmware from the current and previous versions of firmware is supported; the
syntax is automatically updated when it is read into the running-config. Check
the release notes to determine if any parts of the configuration cannot be
migrated. Save the running-config to maintain the updated syntax. Migration of
configuration is not assured on a firmware downgrade. When upgrading or
downgrading firmware, check your configuration to ensure that it implements the
desired configuration. Meta-configuration data (stack-port and slot
configuration) is always reset to the defaults on a downgrade on each stack unit.
As an example, Ethernet ports configured as stacking ports default back to
Ethernet mode on a downgrade.
60 Switch Feature Overview
SNMP Alarms and Trap Logs
The system logs events with severity codes and timestamps. The events are
sent as SNMP traps to a trap recipient list.
For information about configuring SNMP traps and alarms, see "Configuring
SNMP" on page 323.
CDP Interoperability through ISDP
Industry Standard Discovery Protocol (ISDP) allows the Dell Networking
switch to interoperate with Cisco devices running the Cisco Discovery
Protocol (CDP). ISDP is a proprietary Layer 2 network protocol which inter-
operates with Cisco network equipment and is used to share information
between neighboring devices (routers, bridges, access servers, and switches).
For information about configuring ISDP settings, see "Discovering Network
Devices" on page 761.
Remote Monitoring (RMON)
RMON is a standard Management Information Base (MIB) that defines
current and historical MAC-layer statistics and control objects, allowing real-
time information to be captured across the entire network.
For information about configuring managing RMON settings, see
"Monitoring Switch Traffic" on page 407.
Switch Feature Overview 61
Stacking Features
For information about creating and maintaining a stack of switches, see
"Managing a Switch Stack" on page 171.
High Stack Count
The Dell Networking N2000, N3000, and N4000 series switches include a
stacking feature that allows up to 12 switches to operate as a single unit. The
N2000 and N3000 series switches have two fixed mini-SAS stacking
connectors at the rear. N2000 series switches will stack with other N2000
series switches and Dell Networking N3000 series switches stack with other
N3000 series switches.
Dell Networking N4000 series switches stack with other Dell Networking
N4000 series switches over front panel ports configured for stacking.
Single IP Management
When multiple switches are connected together through the stack ports, they
operate as a single unit with a larger port count. The stack operates and is
managed as a single entity. One switch acts as the master, and the entire stack
is managed through the management interface (Web, CLI, or SNMP) of the
stack master.
62 Switch Feature Overview
Master Failover with Transparent Transition
The stacking feature supports a
standby
or backup unit that assumes the
stack master role if the stack master fails. As soon as a stack master failure is
detected, the standby unit initializes the control plane and enables all other
stack units with the current configuration. The standby unit maintains a
synchronized copy of the running configuration for the stack.
Nonstop Forwarding on the Stack
The Nonstop Forwarding (NSF) feature allows the forwarding plane of stack
units to continue to forward packets while the control and management
planes restart as a result of a power failure, hardware failure, or software fault
on the stack master and allows the standby switch to quickly takeover as the
master.
Hot Add/Delete and Firmware Synchronization
You can add and remove units to and from the stack without cycling the
power. When you add a unit, the Stack Firmware Synchronization feature, if
enabled, automatically synchronizes the firmware version with the version
running on the stack master. The synchronization operation may result in
either an upgrade or a downgrade of firmware on the mismatched stack
member. Once the firmware is synchronized on a member unit, the running-
config on the member is updated to match the master switch. The startup-
config on the standby and member switches is not updated to match the
master switch due to configuration changes on the master switch. Saving the
startup config on the maste