Deltanode Solutions DDL001 Low Power Indoor Cellular Remote Unit User Manual 9570S1 2

Deltanode Solutions AB Low Power Indoor Cellular Remote Unit 9570S1 2

User Manual

Bird Technologies Manual 7-9570-1-1(Rough Draft) 08/19/16 Page 18625 Industrial Parkway, Angola, NY 14006 Tel: 716-549-4700 Fax: 716-549-4772 sales@birdrf.com www.bird-technologies.com Installation and Operation Manual forthe DDL Series Remote Radio HeadModel Numbers DDL100/DDL200/DDL300/DDL400Manual Part Number7-9570-1-1 (Rough Draft)WARNING: This is NOT a consumer device. It is designed for installation byFCC Licensees and Qualified Installers. You must have an FCC license orexpress consent of an FCC Licensee to operate this device. You must regis-ter Class B signal boosters (as defined in 47 CFR 90.219) online atwww.fcc.gov/signal-boosters/registration. Unauthorized use may result in sig-nificant forfeiture penalties, including penalties in excess of $100,000 for eachcontinuing violation.
Bird Technologies Manual 7-9570-1-1(Rough Draft) 08/19/16 Page 2WarrantyThis warranty applies for one year from shipping date.TX RX Systems Inc. warrants its products to be free from defect in material and workmanship at the time of shipment.Our obligation under warranty is limited to replacement or repair, at our option, of any such products that shall havebeen defective at the time of manufacture. TX RX Systems Inc. reserves the right to replace with merchandise ofequal performance although not identical in every way to that originally sold. TX RX Systems Inc. is not liable for dam-age caused by lightning or other natural disasters. No product will be accepted for repair or replacement without ourprior written approval. The purchaser must prepay all shipping charges on returned products. TX RX Systems Inc.shall in no event be liable for consequential damages, installation costs or expense of any nature resulting from thepurchase or use of products, whether or not they are used in accordance with instructions. This warranty is in lieu of allother warranties, either expressed or implied, including any implied warranty or merchantability of fitness. No repre-sentative is authorized to assume for TX RX Systems Inc. any other liability or warranty than set forth above in con-nection with our products or services.TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF SALE PRICES AND TERMS:Prices are FOB seller’s plant in Angola, NY domestic packaging only, and are subject to change without notice. Fed-eral, State and local sales or excise taxes are not included in prices. When Net 30 terms are applicable, payment isdue within 30 days of invoice date. All orders are subject to a $100.00 net minimum.QUOTATIONS:Only written quotations are valid.ACCEPTANCE OF ORDERS:Acceptance of orders is valid only when so acknowledged in writing by the seller.SHIPPING:Unless otherwise agreed at the time the order is placed, seller reserves the right to make partial shipments for whichpayment shall be made in accordance with seller’s stated terms. Shipments are made with transportation charges col-lect unless otherwise specified by the buyer. Seller’s best judgement will be used in routing, except that buyer’s routingis used where practicable. The seller is not responsible for selection of most economical or timeliest routing.CLAIMS:All claims for damage or loss in transit must be made promptly by the buyer against the carrier. All claims for shortagesmust be made within 30 days after date of shipment of material from the seller’s plant.SPECIFICATION CHANGES OR MODIFICATIONS:All designs and specifications of seller’s products are subject to change without notice provided the changes or modifi-cations do not affect performance.RETURN MATERIAL:Product or material may be returned for credit only after written authorization from the seller, as to which seller shallhave sole discretion. In the event of such authorization, credit given shall not exceed 80 percent of the original pur-chase. In no case will Seller authorize return of material more than 90 days after shipment from Seller’s plant. Creditfor returned material is issued by the Seller only to the original purchaser.ORDER CANCELLATION OR ALTERATION:Cancellation or alteration of acknowledged orders by the buyer will be accepted only on terms that protect the selleragainst loss.NON WARRANTY REPAIRS AND RETURN WORK:Consult seller’s plant for pricing. Buyer must prepay all transportation charges to seller’s plant. Standard shipping pol-icy set forth above shall apply with respect to return shipment from TX RX Systems Inc. to buyer.DISCLAIMER Product part numbering in photographs and drawings is accurate at time of printing. Part number labels on TX RXproducts supersede part numbers given within this manual. Information is subject to change without notice. Bird Technologies
Bird Technologies Manual 7-9570-1-1(Rough Draft) 08/19/16 Page 3Symbols Commonly UsedNOTEVIDEOWARNING !!!CAUTION or ATTENTIONImportant InformationTraining Video AvailableHeavy LiftingHigh VoltageHot SurfaceESD Electrostatic DischargeElectrial Shock HazardSafety Glasses RequiredManual Part Number 7-9570Copyright © 2016 Bird TechnologiesFirst Printing: August 2016Version Number Version Date1.0 08/10/161.1 08/19/16
Bird Technologies Manual 7-9570-1-1(Rough Draft) 08/19/16 Page 4Table of ContentsOverview .............................................................................................................. 7Unpacking............................................................................................................ 8Remote Unit ......................................................................................................... 8Installation ........................................................................................................... 8 Location ............................................................................................................ 8 Mounting ............................................................................................................ 8 Connections ....................................................................................................... 8RF Exposure (Exposition RF) ......................................................................... 10Functional Block Diagram ............................................................................... 10Operation ........................................................................................................... 11Web Based GUI Interface ................................................................................. 12Master Unit......................................................................................................... 14 Master Frame Unit ............................................................................................ 15 BUI (Base Station Interface Module)................................................................. 15 Functional Description..................................................................................... 16 LED Behavior.................................................................................................. 17 POI Module (Point of Interconnect Module) ...................................................... 18 FOI Module (Fiber Optic Interface Module)....................................................... 18 Functional Description..................................................................................... 18Central Gateway Computer.............................................................................. 19Figures and TablesFigure 1: Typical Fiber DAS System ................................................................... 7Figure 2: Front view of the DDL Remote Radio Head ......................................... 9Figure 3: Chassis mounting dimensions ............................................................ 10Figure 4: DDL functional block diagram............................................................. 11Figure 5: DDL system layout screen.................................................................. 13Figure 6: Typical overview screen ..................................................................... 13Figure 7: RF Status drop-down menu selection................................................. 14Figure 8: RF Config drop-down menu selection ................................................ 15Figure 9: Typical master unit.............................................................................. 16Figure 10: BIU module ....................................................................................... 17Figure 11: POI module ....................................................................................... 18Figure 12: FOI module ....................................................................................... 19Table 1: Operating Bands..................................................................................... 8Table 2: DDL Specifications ................................................................................. 9Table 3: DDL front panel LED behavior.............................................................. 12
Bird Technologies Manual 7-9570-1-1(Rough Draft) 08/19/16 Page 5For Class A or Class B Unintentional RadiatorsThis equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A or Class B digital device, pursuant toPart 15 of the FCC rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference whenthe equipment is operated in a commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio fre-quency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual, may cause harmful interferenceto radio communications. Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference inwhich the user will be required to correct the interference at his own expense.Pour Classe-A ou Classe-B Radiateurs InvolontairesCet équipement a été testé et jugé conforme avec les limites de la Classe-A ou Classe-B des appareils numériques,suivants à la Partie 15 des règlements de la FCC. Ces limites sont conçues pour fournir une protection raisonnablecontre les interférences dangereuses lorsque l'équipement est utilisé dans un environnement commercial. Cet équipe-ment génère, utilise et peut émettre des fréquences radio et, s'il n'est pas installé et utilisé conformément aux instruc-tions du manuel, ceci peut causer des interférences dangereuses aux communications radio. Le fonctionnement de cetéquipement dans une zone résidentielle est susceptible de causer des interférences mauvaises dans lequel l'utilisateursera tenu pour responsable de corriger l'interférence à sa propre discrétion.WARNING: Changes or modifications which are not expressly approved by Bird Technologiescould void the user’s authority to operate the equipment.AVERTISSEMENT: Les changements ou modifications qui ne sont pas approuvés par BirdTechnologies pourrait annuler l'autorité de l'utilisateur de faire fonctionner l'équipement.ATTENTION: This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC rules. Operation is subject to the following twoconditions: (1) this device may not cause harmful interference and (2) this device must accept any interfer-ence received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.ATTENTION: Cet appareil est conforme à la Partie 15 des règlements de la FCC. L'opération doit se con-former aux deux conditions suivantes: (1) cet appareil ne peut causer d'interférences nuisibles et (2) cetappareil doit accepter toute interférence reçue, y compris les interférences qui peuvent provoquer un fonc-tionnement indésirable.
Bird Technologies Manual 7-9570-1-1(Rough Draft) 08/19/16 Page 6
Bird Technologies Manual 7-9570-1-1(Rough Draft) 08/19/16 Page 7OVERVIEWThis manual details the Installation and Operationof the Bird Technologies Remote Radio Head Sys-tem models DDL100/DDL200/DDL300/DDL400.The system is designed to distribute wireless ser-vice for voice and data to/from a Master Unitlocated at the BTS site and to/from the RemoteRadio Heads (Remote Units) which are indoormounted throughout the coverage area. Figure 1 shows an overall layout of a typical instal-lation. The DDL Remote Unit transmits into a dis-tributed antenna system (DAS) for downlink outputsignals and a fiber optic cable for uplink output sig-nals. The DDL Remote Unit is designed as theperipheral part of the overall DAS network/systemand performs as a downlink transmitter and anuplink receiver. A Fiber DAS uses fiber optic cablesto distribute RF signals from a base station toremotely located antenna when coaxial cablelosses would be to high or it is impractical to installcoaxial cables. Fiber DAS can be used indoors tocover large buildings where outside penetration ofRF signals is insufficient. It can also be used toprovide coverage in areas such as road tunnels,rail tunnels, airports, metro lines, etc.The system uses a common optical cable for itssignal paths (uplink and downlink) between theremote units and master unit. Either WDM orCDWM is used as the optical transmission tech-nique. In addition, the fiber optic cable carries anoptical sub carrier which allows control signals topass between the maser unit and the remote units.The system is managed by a central gateway com-puter (CGW) that is the overall interface point forsystem management functions. The CGW com-puter is connected to the master unit and has rout-ing, firewall functionality, alarm logging, and accesscontrol for the complete DAS system. The remoteunit has a WEB based GUI interface that isaccessed via the CGW computer.The Bird Technologies Fiber-DAS system consistsof two major parts including a Master Unit (MU)which functions as the head-end and at least oneor more Remote Units which function as remote-ends. Connection between the customers BTS andthe Master Unit (or head-end) is through coaxialcable while the connection between the MasterUnit and Remote Units is through fiber optic cable.Figure 1: Typical Fiber DAS system.
Bird Technologies Manual 7-9570-1-1(Rough Draft) 08/19/16 Page 8UNPACKINGEach major component of the Fiber DAS system isindividually packaged and shipped via motor freightor UPS. It is important to report any visible damageto the carrier immediately. It is the customer'sresponsibility to file damage claims with the carrierwithin a short period of time after delivery (1 to 5days).REMOTE UNITThe DDL Remote Unit is a high performing wide-band remote radio head equipped with linear vari-able gain amplifiers supporting 4 operating bandsas listed in Table 1. The lightweight, convectioncooled IP42 chassis ensures high performance inany indoor environment. The DDL Remote Unit isdesigned for indoor mounting only. One chassiscan house from one to four different operatingbands. Product model numbers reflect the numberof installed bands. DDL100 has 1 band, DDL200has 2 bands, DDL300 has 3 bands, and DDL400has 4 bands installed. Labels are placed on thefront panel next to the DAS RF connectors to des-ignate the operating bands used and where tomake the proper antenna line connections. TheRemote Unit is shown in Figure 2 and specifica-tions are listed in Table 2.INSTALLATIONThe following sub-sections of the manual discussgeneral considerations for installing the RemoteUnit. All work should be performed by qualified per-sonnel and in accordance with local codes.LocationThe layout of the antenna distribution system willbe the prime factor in determining the mountinglocation of this unit. However, safety and service-ability are also key considerations. The unit shouldbe located where it can not be tampered with bythe general public, yet is easily accessible to ser-vice personnel. Also, consider the weight of theunit and the possibility for injury if it should becomedetached from its mounting for any reason.The unit needs to be installed such that there canbe unobstructed air flow around the back of thechassis. Insure that the heat sink fins are unob-structed. The various subassemblies within theequipment cabinet will stay warm during normaloperation so in the interest of equipment longevity,avoid installation locations that carry hot exhaustair or are continually hot.MountingFigure 3 shows the mounting hole layout for thechassis. Mount the cabinet using 3/16” (5 MM)diameter steel bolts (not supplied). We recommendflat washers on both ends and a lock washer underthe nut. Nut and bolt mounting is preferred to theuse of lag bolts. Use backer blocks where neces-sary to spread the force over a larger area. Inareas of known seismic activity, additional devicessuch as tether lines may be necessary.Because Bird Technologies cannot anticipate all ofthe possible mounting locations and the structuretypes where these devices will be located, we rec-ommend consulting local building inspectors, engi-neering consultants or architects for advice on howto properly mount objects of this type, size andweight in your particular situation. It is the custom-ers responsibility to make sure that these devicesare mounted safely and in compliance with buildingcodes.ConnectionsAll RF cabling connections to the booster shouldbe made and checked for correctness prior to pow-ering up the system. N(f) bulkhead connectors areBand Uplink (MHz) Downlink (MHz) Pout (DL)dBm/Composite700 (LTE) 698 - 716776 - 787 728 - 756 23850 (CELL) 824 - 849 869 - 894 231900 (PCS) 1850 - 1915 1930 - 1995 232100 (AWS) 1710 - 1780 2110 - 2180 23Table 1: Operating Bands.
Bird Technologies Manual 7-9570-1-1(Rough Draft) 08/19/16 Page 9LANPortFiber Optic linkto Master UnitPower On andAlarm indicatorsAC Cordconnects hereDAS RF PortsFigure 2: Front view of the DDL Remote Radio Head.Specification ValueNoise Figure 4.5 dBDelay Excluding Optical Fiber < 0.5 Power Requirement 90 - 264 VACOperating Temperature Range -20 to +50DFB Laser Output Wavelength 1270 - 1610 nmOptical Output Power 3 mWMaximum Optical Input Power 10 mWOptical Return Loss <-40 dBCasing IP42Dimensions (WxDxH) 15” x 3.6” x 15”Weight 26.4 lbs.Table 2: DDL Specifications.
Bird Technologies Manual 7-9570-1-1(Rough Draft) 08/19/16 Page 10available at the front of the unit for connection tothe system antennas. Make sure the correctbranches of the antenna system are connected tothe correct front panel connectors or the systemwill not work properly. Using high quality connec-tors with gold center pins is advised.RF EXPOSURETo comply with FCC RF exposure compliancerequirements, a separation distance of at least 20cm must be maintained between the DAS antennaof this device and all persons. This device must notbe co-located or operating in conjunction with anyother antenna or transmitter.EXPOSITION RFPour conformer aux exigences d'exposition deFCC RF, une distance de séparation d'au moins 20cm doit être maintenue entre les DAS antenne decet appareil et toutes les personnes. Cet appareilne doit pas être co-localisé ou exploités en con-jonction avec toute autre antenne ou transmetteur.FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAMSignal flow through the DDL Remote Unit is illus-trated with the functional block diagram shown inFigure 4. This diagram shows the DDL400 modelwhich has four operating bands. The DDL100through DDL300 models are similar but have lessoperating bands and therefore fewer boards andassemblies mounted in the chassis.14 “12 10/16”Figure 3: Chassis mounting dimensions.
Bird Technologies Manual 7-9570-1-1(Rough Draft) 08/19/16 Page 11RF downlink and uplink signals are found at thefour individual RF ports (N-type connector) shownon the right side of the drawing. These are RF sig-nals traveling to and from the users handheld unitsvia the DAS antennas. Uplink signals from thehandhelds are passed through the filter assemblyand are fed into the uplink side of the respectiveVGA board. The signals are amplified by the VGAboard and combined as needed, with uplink signalsfrom other operating bands, using the 2-ways or 3-way. After the signals are combined they are fed tothe input of the FOR board for conversion to opticalsignals and sent to the master unit.Downlink signals going to the handhelds enter theDLL Remote Unit as optical signals from the mas-ter unit at the FOR board. The FOR board convertsthe optical signals into RF signals and outputsthem to the downlink 2-ways. The 2-ways split thesignals and apply them to the downlink amplifierson the VGA boards. The signals are amplified bythe VGA board, passed to the filter board, and out-put through the RF connectors to the DAS antennaelements.OPERATIONPower is applied to the unit by plugging in the ACpower cord. There is no power on/off switch so theunit will begin to boot-up immediately. The status ofthe unit is indicated by the ON and ALM front panelLED’s. Refer to Table 3 for a detailed explanationof the LED behavior.The remote unit is software directed so control ofthe unit is accomplished via a web based GUIinterface. The GUI interface is handled by the cen-tral gateway computer connected to the masterunit. For convenience, access to the GUI interfacecan be gained using the front panel LAN port onthe remote unit. However using this method forinterfacing is slower due to the speed of the opticalFigure 4: DDL Functional block diagram.
Bird Technologies Manual 7-9570-1-1(Rough Draft) 08/19/16 Page 12sub carrier that links the remote unit to the masterunit.Users have the ability to set the following parame-ters in the remote unit via the web based GUI appli-cation:- Gain Values (UL & DL)- ALC threshold (UL & DL)- UL Test toneUsers cannot adjust/align any fre-quency response, linearity responseor detector calibration levels.The remote unit has a built in ALC (Automatic LevelControl) with preset levels, to make sure that thelinearity or spectral spreading does not exceed theregulatory limits. The ALC threshold is a setablevalue that defines what output power is allowedfrom the remote unit. If an inserted signal plus theset gain in the remote unit exceeds the set ALCthreshold the remote unit will automatically reducethe gain so that the output signal level alwaysmatches the set ALC threshold. The device cannotend up in saturation due to the ALC feature. Satu-ration or over-modulation is even prevented forpulsed signal inputs. There are also configurablesignal threshold parameters in the remaining com-ponents of the DAS system located in the masterunit. UL Test Tone is a help feature tool used only whencommissioning the DAS network.DL ALC threshold for the remote unit is 23 dBmand cannot be exceeded.WEB BASED GUI INTERFACEWhen first connecting to the remote unit via theweb based GUI interface a system layout screenwill be presented as shown in Figure 5. Thescreen will show all of the addressable boards con-nected into the system. Master unit boards areshown under the column titled Fiber optic Interfaceand remote unit boards are shown under the col-umn titled Remote. In this example there are fourFOI (Fiber Optic Interface) boards installed in themaster unit and one FOR (Fiber Optic Remote)board installed in a remote unit. Sub carrier linksbetween the boards are shown as lines on thescreen display. To ease location and identificationeach box shown presents the user defined systemname for the individual boards. Clicking on any ofthe boxes will call up the GUI Interface screen forthat particular board.Using the mouse to click on the FOR board shownin the example will call up an overview screen forthat particular board as shown in Figure 6. Thisscreen provides a convenient summary of theboards active alarms and RF status. A descriptionof any alarm events are listed as well as when thealarm occurred. The RF status for all RF bandsbuilt into the remote unit, in this example there are4 bands.NOTEState On LED Alarm LED NoteBooting 2 Hz Off Normal BootBooting standalone mode 2 Hz 2 Hz Not attached to rackBooting read of MAC address failed 2 Hz On ErrorStarting 0.1 Hz 90% 0.1 Hz 90% Kernal startupOperation 0.5 Hz 10% Off Normal operationOperation 0.5 Hz 10% 1 Hz 10% Minor alarm stateOperation 0.5 Hz 10% 2 Hz 25% Major alarm stateOperation 0.5 Hz 10% On Critical alarm stateTable 3: DDL front panel LED behavior.
Bird Technologies Manual 7-9570-1-1(Rough Draft) 08/19/16 Page 13Figure 6: Typical overview screen. FOR board shown as an example.Figure 5: DDL system layout screen.
Bird Technologies Manual 7-9570-1-1(Rough Draft) 08/19/16 Page 14At the bottom of the page is a button labeled“Locate Me”. When this button is clicked the remoteunits ON LED, located on the font panel, will blinkrapidly for about 1 minute. This is a conveniencefeature that helps to physically identify units in alarge installation.On the right side of the overview screen area isgroup of drop-down style menu items which allowfor detailed interaction with the board. Each band(referred to as an RF Strip) that is found on theboard will have a menu item. In addition there aremenu items for Opto, Alarms, and Advanced. TheOpto selection allows the user to set the gain andcheck the status of the optical link between theremote unit and the master unit. Alarms provides alisting of all current alarms and provides access toan alarm log file which can hold up to 95 currentand past alarm events. The Advanced selectionallows the user to adjust network settings as wellas verify things like IP addresses and MACaddresses.When an RF Strip is selected for interaction a drop-down list will be presented as shown in Figure 7. Inthis example the RF Status menu item has beenselected and RF status information is presented onthe screen. This screen presents the current statusof all uplink and downlink signal paths in the band.In this example there is a downlink and 1 uplinkpath. The values presented are a static snap shottaken at the time the screen was presented. Toupdate the information press the reload button atthe bottom of the screen. In addition, for conve-nience the periodic button can be pressed whichwill update the screen automatically at a periodicrate.When the RF Config menu item is selected a pageshowing user configurable parameters is presentedas shown in Figure 8. User configurable parame-ters include uplink and downlink gain value, uplinkand downlink ALC threshold setting, and turningon/off an uplink test tone. Changes are made byclicking on the radio buttons and entering new val-ues into the highlighted boxes. To initiate changespress the Submit button at the bottom of thescreen.MASTER UNITThe Master Unit consists of a 19 inch frame rack(called a Master Frame Unit) with signal processingFigure 7: RF Status drop-down menu selection.
Bird Technologies Manual 7-9570-1-1(Rough Draft) 08/19/16 Page 15modules that are inserted into the rack framedepending on the specific system design. Gener-ally all Master Units will contain a master frameunit, a power supply, at least one Base StationInterface Unit (BIU), an RF splitter/combiner unitcalled the Point of Interconnect (POI) and a mini-mum of one Fiber Optic Interface card (FOI). Ablock diagram of the typical Master Unit is shown inFigure 9.The Master Frame UnitThe master frame unit houses some of the mod-ules in a master unit including the power supplymodules, fiber optic interface modules, and basestation interface modules. Modules can be placedanywhere in the master frame unit and any combi-nation of modules can be mixed. There are 16 slotpositions for modules in the master frame. Eachtype of module placed into the master frame uses adifferent amount of slot positions. Power supplymodules use 4 slot positions, BIU’s use 2 slot posi-tions, and FOI’s use one slot position. In very largesystems multiple master frame units can be usedto house a multitude of modules as required. In theexample shown in figure 1 the Master Frame Unitcontains 3 BIU’s, 6 FOI’s, and a power supply mod-ule.Each master frame in a system needs to be pow-ered by a power supply module. The backplane inthe master frame will distribute the supply voltageto all of the modules in the frame. The frame hastwo molex plugs for accepting power from a powersupply module. Two dual plugs allow a primary andredundant power supply to be connected to themaster frame. This connection scheme will ensureoperation even if one supply should fail. The framealso contains a pair of fans used to ventilate themodules housed in the frame. These are qualityfans with a high MTBF.A power supply module that is connected to a mas-ter frame does not necessarily have to be housedin the frame. Quite often a system will have morethan one power supply module which will be placedtogether in one frame for easy access.BUI Module (Base Station Interface Module)The BIU is the interface between the operator'sbase station and the Fiber-DAS system. This mod-Figure 8: RF Config drop-down menu selection.
Bird Technologies Manual 7-9570-1-1(Rough Draft) 08/19/16 Page 16ule has several RF connectors on the front paneland contains either duplex filters and combined DL/UL ports or separate uplink/downlink paths whichcan be chosen for connection to the base stationdepending on system requirements. In most casesthe duplexed version with a combined DL/UL portis used. Refer to Figure 10.FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTIONIn the duplexed version there are UL test connec-tors present (SMA) that can be used to monitor thesignal out from the BIU. The version without duplexfilters has the test connectors replaced by UL con-nectors and the normally combined DL/UL connec-tors are replaced by DL only connectors.There are two separate RF channels and associ-ated RF ports in a BIU (channel 1 and channel 2).Each channel contains a downlink and an uplinkpath. The two RF paths in the BIU cannot have dif-ferent frequency bands. As an example a GSM 900BIU will have two GSM 900 paths. If you wanted an1800 path in the system it would require adding asecond BIU module to the master frame unit. Note:BIU Modules need to be ordered for the specificfrequency bands that they will serve.The BIU has four QMA type (female) ports that arenormally used to connect it to the Point of Intercon-nect (POI) Module. There are two uplink (input)ports and two downlink (output) ports. The isolationbetween DL1 and DL2 as well as between UL1 andSlot 1Slot 2Slot 3Slot 4Slot 5Slot 6Slot 7Slot 8Slot 9Slot 10Slot 11Slot 12Slot 13Slot 14Slot 15Slot 16LANLANLANLANLANLANLANLANLANLANLANLANLANLANLANLAN BIUModule BIUModuleFOI ModulePowerSupplyModuleFOI ModuleDC OutAC In 120VAC(Back plane)Master Frame UnitPOI ModuleFigure 9: Typical Master Unit. In this example 2 BIU’s, 2 FOI’s and a Power Supply are each pluggedinto the backplane of a master frame unit. A single POI is not plugged into the backplane but isinstalled into the rack as part of the Master Unit.
Bird Technologies Manual 7-9570-1-1(Rough Draft) 08/19/16 Page 17UL2 is > 50 dB. The ports that interface to the BaseStation are SMA type (female). RF patch cablesare used to patch the BIU ports to the customersBase Station and the POI Module.Each downlink signal path in the module containsattenuation and filtering. One of the attenuationstages is adjustable and is used to adjust the sig-nal strength to proper levels before feeding the sig-nals into the POI module. In the uplink directionthere is also filtering and attenuation as well as anamplifier stage. The adjustable attenuation stage isused to adjust the signal and the noise level intothe base station uplink.All connections necessary are made from the frontof the BIU module itself. The maximum recom-mended input power to the BIU is 30 dBm. Themodule has high power alarms which activate atinput signal levels > 30 dBm and low power alarmswhich activate at signal levels < 10 dBm. Signalswith an input power higher than the recommendedmaximum can cause permanent damage to themodule. It is therefore recommended that when-ever connecting to high power base stations thecustomer place an inline attenuator between thebase station and BIU module to ensure that theinput power to the BIU can never exceed the speci-fied maximum.There is also an alarm port (DB9 connector) on theBIU module which in the future can be used to con-nect external alarms. This connector is currentlynot in use.LED BEHAVIORThe unit has two LEDs located on the front panel.One is the power on LED (green) and the other isthe alarm LED (red). Both LEDs can indicate anumber of states by different flashing behaviors.Refer to table 3. In an alarm state the web interfaceshould be used to check the actual condition of theBIU module. The front panel alarm LED isdesigned to give a quick indication that an alarmcondition exists and is also useful for locating analarming BIU module when you are dealing with arack that contains several BIU modules in it.Channel 1PortsChannel 2PortsFigure 10: BIU Module. Front plate close-up also shown.
Bird Technologies Manual 7-9570-1-1(Rough Draft) 08/19/16 Page 18POI Module (Point of Interconnect Module)The POI module contains four independent 1-to-8splitter/combiners. The module is used in the FiberDAS system to tie together signals between BIUmodules and FOI modules in a multi-band or multi-operator system. Each of the 4 independent split-ter/combiners has a COMMON port and 8 in/outports (labeled 1-8). If you are using it as a com-biner then you should connect the signals you wantto combine to the ports 1-8 and you will receive thesum of the signals (minus insertion loss) on theCOMMON port. Using it as a splitter then youshould connect the signal you want to split/distrib-ute to the common port. Each of the 8 output portswill then output the signal with equal signalstrength at each port (minus insertion loss).The POI module is a stand alone module designedto use 1 RU of rack space as shown in Figure 11.The module is not designed to plug into the masterframe unit so it can be installed anywhere in therack that is convenient for the customer. It is typi-cally installed just below the master frame unit inmost installations. This keeps the interconnectcables (QMA style connectors) reasonably short.The four independent splitter/combiner assembliesthat make up the POI module are labeled as Athrough D.FOI Module (Fiber Optic Interface Module)The FOI module is responsible for converting RFsignals in the downlink direction (from the base sta-tion) into optical signals that can be transmitted ona fiber cable to the remote unit. It is also responsi-ble for receiving optical signals in the uplink direc-tion from the Remote Unit and converting themback into RF signals which can be passed along tothe base station. The FOI module is shown in Fig-ure 12.The fiber-optic interface can either be a single fiberinterface (with WDM) or a dual fiber interface withseparate RX and TX connectors. The type of FOIis ordered as needed when the Master Unit isspecified. Each FOI can serve up to 4 RemoteUnits on a single fiber cable. The Remote Unitsmust have different optical wavelengths in theuplinks to avoid interference. They can however,share the same optical wavelength in the downlink.FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTIONThe FOI is powered from the master frame back-plane and communicates via Ethernet with theother modules in the Master Unit. The FOI containsseveral adjustable attenuators which can be usedto compensate for losses that occur before the FOI(e.g. in the POI) and for losses that occur on thefiber in the uplink. There are two sets of RF portson the FOI that can be used to connect signalsfrom two different strips in the POI. The FOI has adual fiber interface style with separate uplink anddownlink fiber optic connections.There are two attenuators that can be set in the DLpath, this allows for balancing the input signalsfrom two different signal sources so that they canshare the dynamics of the laser properly. The RFdrive levels are measured and accessible in theweb interface so that they can be checked. In thefuture alarm levels may be added to these testpoints.This interface is designed to work with SC-APCconnectors (7° angled physical connector) and sin-Figure 11: POI Module.
Bird Technologies Manual 7-9570-1-1(Rough Draft) 08/19/16 Page 19gle mode fibers only. All connectors between themaster unit and the remote unit should be ofangled type, otherwise problems with reflectionswill arise which may cause severe problems in thesystem.The FOI has a nominal gain of 35 dB. The lasertransmitter should see a maximum compositepower in of approximately 0 dBm. This means thatfor 0 dB attenuation in the DL direction a maximuminput of -35 dBm composite power is recom-mended (when attenuators are set to 0 dBm). If theDL attenuator is set to a higher value the maximumrecommended input is adjusted accordingly. Theoutput power of the laser is calibrated to 3000 µW.This can be used to check the loss over fiber in theremote because the remote reports the receivedoptical levels. The loss may be different in the ULcompared to the DL because of different wave-lengths on the laser.Safety and care for fibersThe laser is a Class 3b laser thatproduces invisible infra-red coherentlight. Avoid looking into connectedfibers and receptacles. Not safe toview with optical instruments. Alwaysput the protection caps on unusedfibers and receptacles.Every time a fiber is disconnected and re-con-nected care should be taken to avoid dust to settleon the connector or in the receptacle. Clean with adry fiber cleaning tool before reconnecting the fiberat all times. A single speck of dust can impact thetransmission severely. Do not touch the fiber endswith your fingers. That will leave grease on the con-nectors and may cause severe problems.CENTRAL GATEWAY COMPUTERThe central gateway computer (CGW) is the overallinterface point for system management functions.The CGW computer is connected to the masterunit and has routing, firewall functionality, alarmlogging, and access control for the complete DASsystem. Two types of CGW’s are used, either theRemote Gateway Unit (RGW) or the Base StationGateway Unit (BGW). The RGW is a smaller com-pact embedded solution while the BGW is a fullfeatured Linux server that can be set up in manydifferent ways. The gateway computer will assignIP addresses to all the subunits in the master unitand also for remote units when they are connectedto the system. This will create a protected sub-netfor the DAS system itself that should not be con-nected directly to a LAN. Connections to a LANshould only be made via the gateway computer.2 DLPaths2 ULPathsFigure 12: FOI Module. Front plate close-up also shown.
Bird Technologies Manual 7-9570-1-1(Rough Draft) 08/19/16 Page 208625 Industrial Parkway, Angola, NY 14006 Tel: 716-549-4700 Fax: 716-549-4772 sales@birdrf.com www.bird-technologies.com

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