00816 0200 3061
User Manual: 00816-0200-3061
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00816-0200-3061 English Rev. BA Common Reference Information, Conversions, and Tables Table of Contents SECTION 1 Preface Units and Conversion Factors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1 Notes about Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2 SECTION 2 Thermocouples T/C Type B - Thermoelectric Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1 as a Function of Temperature (°C) Reference Junctions at 0 °C Reference Standard: NBS Monograph 125 and BS 4937 parts 1-7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1 T/C Type B - Thermoelectric Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5 as a Function of Temperature (°F) Reference Junctions at 32 °F Reference Standard: NBS Monograph 125 and BS 4937 parts 1-7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5 T/C Type E - Thermoelectric Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-11 as a Function of Temperature (°C) Reference Junctions at 0 °C Reference Standard: NBS Monograph 125 and BS 4937 parts 1-7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-11 T/C Type E - Thermoelectric Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-14 as a Function of Temperature (°F) Reference Junctions at 32 °F Reference Standard: NBS Monograph 125 and BS 4937 parts 1-7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-14 T/C Type J- Thermoelectric Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-18 as a Function of Temperature (°C) Reference Junctions at 0 °C Reference Standard: NBS Monograph 125 and BS 4937 parts 1-7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-18 T/C Type J - Thermoelectric Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-21 as a Function of Temperature (°F) Reference Junctions at 32 °F Reference Standard: NBS Monograph 125 and BS 4937 parts 1-7221 T/C Type K - Thermoelectric Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-24 as a Function of Temperature (°C) Reference Junctions at 0 °C Reference Standard: NBS Monograph 125 and BS 4937 parts 1-7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-24 T/C Type K - Thermoelectric Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-28 as a Function of Temperature (°F) Reference Junctions at 0 °F Reference Standard: NBS Monograph 125 and BS 4937 parts 1-7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-28 1 Common Reference Information, Conversions, and Tables T/C Type N - Thermoelectric Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-34 as a Function of Temperature (°C) Reference Junctions at 0 °C Reference Standard: BS 4937 part 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-34 T/C Type N - Thermoelectric Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-37 as a Function of Temperature (°F) Reference Junctions at 32 °F Reference Standard: BS 4937 part 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-37 T/C Type R - Thermoelectric Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-43 as a Function of Temperature (°C) Reference Junctions at 0 °C Reference Standard: NBS Monograph 125 and BS 4937 parts 1-7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-43 T/C Type R - Thermoelectric Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-46 as a Function of Temperature (°F) Reference Junctions at 32 °F Reference Standard: NBS Monograph 125 and BS 4937 parts 1-7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-46 T/C Type S - Thermoelectric Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-53 as a Function of Temperature (°C) Reference Junctions at 0 °C Reference Standard: NBS Monograph 125 and BS 4937 parts 1-7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-53 T/C Type S - Thermoelectric Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-57 as a Function of Temperature (°F) Reference Junctions at 32 °F Reference Standard: NBS Monograph 125 and BS 4937 parts 1-7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-57 T/C Type T - Thermoelectric Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-63 as a Function of Temperature (°C) Reference Junctions at 0 °C Reference Standard: NBS Monograph 125 and BS 4937 parts 1-7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-63 T/C Type T - Thermoelectric Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-65 as a Function of Temperature (°F) Reference Junctions at 32 °F Reference Standard: NBS Monograph 125 and BS 4937 parts 1-7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-65 SECTION 3 Wire 2 Rosemount Inc. SECTION 4 RTD’s Platinum 100, Alpha = 0.00385. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1 Resistance as a Function of Temperature (°C) Reference Standard: IEC 751. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1 Platinum 100, Alpha = 0.00385. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3 Resistance as a Function of Temperature (°F) Reference Standard: IEC 751. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3 Platinum 100, Alpha = 0.00392. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7 Resistance as a Function of Temperature (°C) Reference Standard: JIS C 1604 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7 Platinum 100, Alpha = 0.00392. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-9 Resistance as a Function of Temperature (°F) Reference Standard: JIS C 1604 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-9 Platinum 200, Alpha = 0.00385. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-12 Resistance as a Function of Temperature (°C) Reference Standard: IEC 751. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-12 Platinum 200, Alpha = 0.00385. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-14 Resistance as a Function of Temperature (°F) Reference Standard: IEC 751. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-14 Platinum 500, Alpha = 0.00385. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-18 Resistance as a Function of Temperature (°C) Reference Standard: IEC 751. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-18 Platinum 500, Alpha = 0.00385. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-20 Resistance as a Function of Temperature (°F) Reference Standard: IEC 751. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-20 Nickel 120. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-24 Resistance as a Function of Temperature (°C) Reference Standard: Edison Curve 7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-24 Nickel 120. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-25 Resistance as a Function of Temperature (°F) Reference Standard: Edison Curve 7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-25 Copper 10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-26 Resistance as a Function of Temperature (°C) Reference Standard: SAMA RC21-4-1996. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-26 Copper 10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-27 Resistance as a Function of Temperature (°F) Reference Standard: SAMA RC21-4-1996. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-27 SECTION 5 Conversion Data 3 Common Reference Information, Conversions, and Tables 4 1 Units and Conversion Factors Preface Rapidly becoming the most commonly used units system in the world, the International System of Units (SI, for Systeme International d’Unites) derives nearly all quantities needed in all technologies from only seven base units: the Meter (m), for length; the kilogram (kg), for mass (what is usually called weight); the second (s), for time; the ampere (A), for electric current; the Kelvin (K), for thermodynamic temperature; the mole (mol), for amount of substance; and the candela (cd), for luminous intensity. There are also two supplementary units, the radian (rad), for plane angle, and the steradian (sr), for solid angle. More information on the properties of these units and their conversion factors can be found in documents published by the International Standards Organization. To take maximum advantage of the SI system, only base supplementary, or derived SI units should be used. The appropriate units for quantities commonly used in process control are listed in Table 1-1, along with the base or supplementary units from which they are derived. SI units are terms and symbols to abbreviate numbers and show relationships between any number and its unit. For example, 1 000 000 (one million) meters is expressed as one megameter or one Mm. The most common terms and symbols are listed in the Multiplication Factors Table 5-8 on page 5-5 To assist in preserving the advantage of SI as a coherent system, it is advisable to minimize the use of units from other systems. It is also desirable not to mix unit symbols with unit names or abbreviations (including the name “per” and its symbol, “/”). Some examples of proper and improper usage are listed below. Proper Usage joules per kilogram J/kg kilometers per second km/s liters per minute L/min Improper Usage joules/kilogram joules/kg kilometers/second km/second liters/minute L/m (because “m” alone means “meter”) All units in the following table are listed in alphabetical order and are cross-referenced to commonly used units in both the U.S. customary and metric systems. In some units, the preferred form may pose too great a magnitude for all applications. For examples, while kilogram is the proper term for mass, a very small amount is more easily expressed in terms of grams. Similarly, kilowatts are usually used instead of watts and kilopascals instead of pascals. The expression of speed (which in an aspect of velocity) takes this concept a little further; the proper term is meter per second, but common usage expresses traffic speeds as kilometers per hour in SI countries. 1-1 Common Reference Information, Conversions, and Tables Pressure and mass are two particularly appropriate examples, since each is affected (at least very slightly) by gravity. For example, many pressure and differential pressure instruments use forms of springs as measuring elements, which measure force directly; these are called “gravity-independent.” However, the pressure standards used to calibrate the springs, such as dead-weight testers which measure the force of gravity on a column of mercury or other substance of fixed mass, are often “gravity-dependent.” Pneumatic systems cancel the effect of gravity when the same type of pressure standard is used for both input and output (current or voltage). They must have either a gravity-independent input or be calibrated in a way that accommodates the local gravitational force (either by incorporating a correction factor or by calibrating the pressure instrument at the location where it will be used). Complicating the problem is the fact that force units (which more closely reflect weight) often incorporate mass terminology (for example, pounds-force or kilograms-force). Even pressure units sometimes use mass terminology (e.g., pounds per square inch). The SI system provides the means to incorporate the effect of gravity, establish a common terminology, and distinguish pure mass from force (mass accelerated over a distance), pressure (force per unit area), density (mass per unit volume), and flow (mass per unit time). Even energy, power, and torque units are partially derived from mass, but mass is not a significant enough factor for the mass vs. force issue to be of concern. Refer to the table of proper SI units to see how they all relate. NOTES ABOUT UNITS The following is general information about the unit categories and helpful hints for working with individual units. ABSOLUTE VISCOSITY: Also called “dynamic viscosity” or just “viscosity.” ACCELERATION: 1. “Meter per second squared” (the term preferred in SI guidelines) is also called “meters per second per second.” 2. The acceleration of gravity is about 10 m/s2. ANGULAR VELOCITY: 1. The SI unit for this is defined in terms of a supplemental unit, the radian; rad/s. 2. The terms “revolutions per minute” and “revolutions per second” are properly abbreviated “r/min” and “r/s,” respectively, rather then “rpm” and “rps”. 3. This category is also called rotational frequency, primarily in specifications on rotating machinery, when the revolution per second and revolution per minute are widely used as units. 1-2 Rosemount Inc. AREA: 1. The term “hectare” (abbreviated “ha”) is used as an alternative name for square hectometer and is restricted to the measurement of large land areas. Agricultural engineers use the term to relate machines to field sizes. 2. The square meter is also called “centare.” 3. Although the centimeter (cm) is rarely used to indicate length (meter or millimeter is preferred), the square centimeter (cm2) is often used to indicate area because the interval between the square meter (m2) and square millimeter (mm2) is so great (1 000 000 to 1). ENERGY: 1. This unit category includes “quantity of heat” and “work.” 2. The use of the calorie was discontinued by SI on January 1, 1978. 3. The kilowatt-hour and variations thereon (e.g., MW-h, GW-h), although not proper SI units (the joule is the proper one), are in widespread use for measurement of electric energy. 4. The units based on the electronvolt (eV, keV, MeV, and GeV) are also improperly but widely used in atomic and nuclear physics and in accelerator technology (the joule should be used). 5. The joule is equivalent to one watt-second. FORCE: 1. The use of the kilogram-force (once widely used in Europe) was discontinued by SI on January 1, 1978. 2. The kilogram-force is also called “kilopond.” KINEMATIC VISCOSITY: The SI unit, the square meter per second (m2/s) is equivalent to the English unit Stoke (St) and the SI unit square millimeter per second (mm2/s) is equivalent to the English unit centiStoke (cSt). 1-3 Common Reference Information, Conversions, and Tables LENGTH: 1. The smaller units in this category (like the meter and millimeter) are easy to learn because they can be related to items contacted every day. For example, a U.S. dime is about one millimeter thick, a U.S quarter is about 25 millimeters wide, and the height of most home doorways is about two meters. However, the kilometer is harder to visualize and is therefore easier to learn by memorization. Following is a list of common values. miles or mph km or km/h 10 25 50 55 62 75 100 16 40 80 90 100 120 160 2. The millimeter is used all over the world on industrial engineering drawings. 3. The use of centimeter is generally restricted to body measurements, clothing sizes, and textile weights. 4. The micrometer (sometimes called “micron”) is the preferred unit to express surface finish. MASS: 1. The kilogram and gram will generally replace the use of the pound and ounce, respectively. 2. Two aspirins, an American dollar bill, and one paper clip each weight about one gram. 3. A kilogram is the weight of one liter or water. 4. The alternate name of “tonne” is “metric ton.” A tonne is equal to one megagram. 5. A load-supporting rating (e.g., floor load) should be expressed in kilograms. 6. This unit category is also called “weight.” MASS PER UNIT VOLUME: This unit category is also called “flow” and “mass density.” MASS PER UNIT VOLUME: 1. This unit category is also called “density,” “mass density,” and “mass capacity.” 2. One part per million is equal to one milligram per liter or one gram per cubic meter, referenced as “by weight in water” at a specified temperature. 1-4 Rosemount Inc. PLANE ANGLES: 1. The radian, a supplementary SI unit, is the proper unit for this category. The decimalized degree (defined as [pi divided by 180] rad) is not proper but is widely used. Although the minute and the second are still widely accepted, their use is discouraged because they require an extra conversion step. 2. The plane angle is also called “angle.” POWER: 1. There are several types of horsepower. The one usually assumed is electric horsepower (unless otherwise stated.) 2. Boiler horsepower is primarily used to rate the size of small industrial boilers. 3. The use of the calorie was discontinued by SI on January 1, 1978. 4. Power is also called “heat flow rate” and “radiant flux.” PRESSURE: 1. Although the pascal is the proper SI unit for pressure, the kilopascal (kPa) is recognized for use in all fields except high vacuum measurement of absolute pressure, for which the pascal may be more convenient. 2. The kPa is used for measurement of both gauge and absolute pressure (gauge pressure is absolute pressure minus ambient pressure [ambient pressure is usually atmospheric pressure]). However, when absolute pressure is intended, the unit kPa should be followed by the word “absolute.” 3. The bar is a convenient multiple of the pascal, the proper SI term for pressure (1 bar = 105 Pa), but its use is discouraged. The millibar is and will continue to be widely used in meteorology; however, the kilopascal should be used in most cases. 4. The mmHg is also called “torr.” (The torr was once widely used in Europe but its use, as well as use of the kilogram-force per square centimeter, was discontinued by SI on January 1, 1978. 5. This unit category is also called “stress” and “force per unit area.” SOLID ANGLE: The steradian is a supplementary SI unit. 1-5 Common Reference Information, Conversions, and Tables TEMPERATURE: 1. Technically, this unit is called “thermodynamic temperature.” 2. The proper SI unit for this category is the Kelvin, not the degree Kelvin. For example, a temperature would be correctly expressed as 283K or, less properly but more commonly, as 10°C (though not 10C). But be careful not to confuse the abbreviation for Kelvin with the designation for 1000, as in a 10K ohm resistor. 3. Degrees Celsius was called Degrees Centigrade and it is the most commonly encountered form of temperature measurement. 4. One degree Celsius as a temperature interval is equal to one Kelvin unit. 5. Kelvin is the absolute temperature scale in the metric (Celsius) system. 6. Degrees Rankine is the absolute temperature scale in the English (Fahrenheit) system. TIME: 1. The second is the proper SI unit of time. However, a coherent system of time measurement is not practical (e.g., a solar day cannot be conveniently divided into kilo- seconds). Therefore, the noncoherent system now in use with minutes, hours, days, and years will continue to be used indefinitely. 2. Time units can be defined as mean or sidereal: mean time closely approximates actual star movement but is modified slightly to provide regularity of measurement; sidereal units are based on actual movement of stars but do not break down into neat units (e.g., a sidereal day is 23 hours, 56 minutes, and 4.09 seconds long - expressed in mean time). 3. Note that the SI symbol for “year” is “a.” TORQUE: 1. The units in this category are mathematically the same as those in the category “bending movement,” although the application of the units is different. 2. Torque is also called “moment of force.” 3. The preferred unit for this category, the N.m, is the same as the definition for the energy unit joule (J = N.m), but the two should not be used interchangeably since they have different applications. 4. The use of the unit kilogram-force times meter was discontinued by SI on January 1, 1978. VELOCITY: 1. The best way to learn the commonly used velocity measurement, kilometers per hour (although meters per second is the proper unit) is by memorizing comparable values. (Refer to the kilometers-to-miles list under “length.”) 2. This unit category includes “speed.” (Velocity, a vector, is magnitude plus direction while speed, a scalar, is magnitude only.) 1-6 Rosemount Inc. VOLUME: 1. Although liters are frequently used as a substitute for quarts, at least in the U.S., it is not technically correct to do so. According to SI guidelines, the cubic meter should be used instead. However, the liter will probably continue to be used for measurement of displacement of an internal combustion engine and for the volume of space in a refrigerator or the trunk of a car. 2. A liter is equivalent to a cube 10 cm on each side (a cubic decimeter). 3. A milliliter is equivalent to a cubic centimeter. 4. The symbol for liter has been a lower case I, but is changing to upper case L to avoid confusion with the number one (1). 5. Water and gas supplies for homes and factories - in fact, almost anything now measured in cubic feet - will be measured in cubic meters, the proper SI unit. 6. Automotive fuel consumption is expressed in countries using the metric system as liters per 100 kilometers or kilometers per liter rather than miles per gallon. A conversion estimate from mpg to L/100 km is achieved by dividing 235 by the mpg (e.g., if 20 mpg is normal, approximately 12 L/100 km); to go from mpg to km/L, divide the mpg by 2.35 (e.g., 20 mpg = 8.5 km/L). 7. This unit category is also called “capacity.” VOLUME PER UNIT TIME: This unit category is also called “instantaneous volume velocity” or where is “volume velocity.” The unit category “mass per unit time” also includes flow. NOTE: In some cases, a prefix symbol is the same as a unit symbol, so it is important to look at the position of each symbol in the term to determine its meaning. For example, in ms the “m” means “milli” (millisecond), but in km the “m” means “meter” (kilometer). Also to avoid confusion, it is important that no more than one prefix be used when forming the decimal multiple or submultiple of a derived unit. For example, mµm should be expressed as nm. Refer to Table I - Proper SI Units for appropriate abbreviations. 1-7 Common Reference Information, Conversions, and Tables Another general rule is to use SI prefixes to indicate order of magnitude and eliminate nonsignificant digits and leading zeroes. This also provides a convenient conversational alternative to the powers-of-ten notation preferred in computation. For example, 12300 mm becomes 12.3m 12.3 x 103m becomes 12.3km 0.001230 µA becomes 1.23nA Another point illustrated by the numbers above is the place-holding value of the comma. Outside the United States the comma is sometimes used instead of the decimal point (e.g., the American 0.00123 would be written 0,00123). To avoid confusion, recommended international practice uses a space instead of a comma when dividing numbers into groups of three digits (a decimal point is still used to indicate a break between numbers greater than one and numbers less than one). This applies to groupings of numbers on either side of zero. For example, 12,300.001230 could be written as 12 300.001 230. Table 1-1. Proper SI Units Quantity Name of Unit Absolute Viscosity Pascal Second Acceleration Angular Velocity Area Energy Meter per Second Squared Radian per Second Square Meter Joule Symbol of Derived Unit Pa ¼ s Unit Expressed as Base or Supplementary Units Pa x s m/s2 rad/s m2 J N ¼ m ( kg m 2 Force Newton N Kinematic Viscosity Length Mass Mass per Unit Time Mass per Unit Volume Plane Angle Square Meters per Second Meter Kilogram Kilogram per Second Kilograms per Cubic Meter Radians kg m m2/s m kg kg/s kg/m3 rad mm Power Watt W Pressure Pascal Pa Solid Angle Steradian sr Temperature Time Torque Kelvin Celsius Second Newton-Meter Velocity Volume Volume per Unit Time Meters per Second Cubic Meters Cubic Meters per Second 1-8 °C N¼m s 2 –2 m m K K -273.15 s 2 –2 ( kg 2 Ks m/s m3 m3/s s –2 ) –1 J s ( kg m Nm 2 –2 m m s –1 –3 ) s –2 ) Section 2 Thermocouples T/C Type B - Thermoelectric Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 2-1 T/C Type E - Thermoelectric Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 2-11 T/C Type J- Thermoelectric Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 2-18 T/C Type K - Thermoelectric Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 2-24 T/C Type N - Thermoelectric Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 2-34 T/C Type R - Thermoelectric Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 2-43 T/C Type S - Thermoelectric Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 2-53 T/C Type T - Thermoelectric Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 2-63 T/C TYPE B THERMOELECTRIC VOLTAGE as a Function of Temperature (°C) Reference Junctions at 0 °C Reference Standard: NBS Monograph 125 and BS 4937 parts 1-7 Table 2-1. Thermoelectric Voltage in Absolute Millivolts °C 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °C 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 0.000 -0.002 -0.003 -0.002 -0.000 0.002 0.006 0.011 0.017 0.025 0.033 0.043 0.053 0.065 0.078 0.092 0.107 0.123 0.140 0.159 0.178 0.199 0.220 0.243 0.266 0.291 0.317 0.344 0.372 -0.000 -0.002 -0.003 -0.002 -0.000 0.003 0.007 0.012 0.018 0.026 0.034 0.044 0.055 0.066 0.079 0.093 0.109 0.125 0.142 0.161 0.180 0.201 0.222 0.245 0.269 0.294 0.320 0.347 0.375 -0.000 -0.002 -0.003 -0.002 -0.000 0.003 0.007 0.012 0.019 0.026 0.035 0.045 0.056 0.068 0.081 0.095 0.110 0.127 0.144 0.163 0.182 0.203 0.225 0.247 0.271 0.296 0.322 0.349 0.377 -0.001 -0.002 -0.003 -0.002 0.000 0.003 0.008 0.013 0.020 0.027 0.036 0.046 0.057 0.069 0.082 0.096 0.112 0.128 0.146 0.164 0.184 0.205 0.227 0.250 0.274 0.299 0.325 0.352 0.380 -0.001 -0.002 -0.003 -0.002 0.000 0.004 0.008 0.014 0.020 0.028 0.037 0.047 0.058 0.070 0.083 0.098 0.113 0.130 0.148 0.166 0.186 0.207 0.229 0.252 0.276 0.301 0.328 0.355 0.383 -0.001 -0.002 -0.002 -0.001 0.001 0.004 0.009 0.014 0.021 0.029 0.038 0.048 0.059 0.071 0.085 0.099 0.115 0.132 0.149 0.168 0.188 0.209 0.231 0.254 0.279 0.304 0.330 0.358 0.386 -0.001 -0.002 -0.002 -0.001 0.001 0.004 0.009 0.015 0.022 0.030 0.039 0.049 0.060 0.073 0.086 0.101 0.117 0.133 0.151 0.170 0.190 0.211 0.234 0.257 0.281 0.307 0.333 0.360 0.389 -0.001 -0.002 -0.002 -0.001 0.001 0.005 0.010 0.015 0.022 0.031 0.040 0.050 0.062 0.074 0.088 0.102 0.118 0.135 0.153 0.172 0.192 0.214 0.236 0.259 0.284 0.309 0.336 0.363 0.392 -0.002 -0.003 -0.002 -0.001 0.002 0.005 0.010 0.016 0.023 0.031 0.041 0.051 0.063 0.075 0.089 0.104 0.120 0.137 0.155 0.174 0.194 0.216 0.238 0.262 0.286 0.312 0.338 0.366 0.395 -0.002 -0.003 -0.002 -0.001 0.002 0.006 0.011 0.017 0.024 0.032 0.042 0.052 0.064 0.077 0.091 0.106 0.122 0.139 0.157 0.176 0.197 0.218 0.240 0.264 0.289 0.314 0.341 0.369 0.398 -0.002 -0.003 -0.002 -0.000 0.002 0.006 0.011 0.017 0.025 0.033 0.043 0.053 0.065 0.078 0.092 0.107 0.123 0.140 0.159 0.178 0.199 0.220 0.243 0.266 0.291 0.317 0.344 0.372 0.401 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 2-1 Common Reference Information, Conversions, and Tables Table 2-1. Thermoelectric Voltage in Absolute Millivolts °C 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °C 290 300 310 320 330 340 350 360 370 380 390 400 410 420 430 440 450 460 470 480 490 500 510 520 530 540 550 560 570 580 590 600 610 620 630 640 650 660 670 680 690 700 710 720 730 740 750 760 770 780 790 800 0.401 0.431 0.462 0.494 0.527 0.561 0.596 0.632 0.669 0.707 0.746 0.786 0.827 0.870 0.913 0.957 1.002 1.048 1.095 1.143 1.192 1.241 1.292 1.344 1.397 1.450 1.505 1.560 1.617 1.674 1.732 1.791 1.851 1.912 1.974 2.036 2.100 2.164 2.230 2.296 2.363 2.430 2.499 2.569 2.639 2.710 2.782 2.855 2.928 3.003 3.078 3.154 0.404 0.434 0.465 0.497 0.530 0.564 0.599 0.636 0.673 0.711 0.750 0.790 0.832 0.874 0.917 0.961 1.006 1.052 1.100 1.148 1.197 1.246 1.297 1.349 1.402 1.456 1.510 1.566 1.622 1.680 1.738 1.797 1.857 1.918 1.980 2.043 2.106 2.171 2.236 2.302 2.369 2.437 2.506 2.576 2.646 2.717 2.789 2.862 2.936 3.010 3.086 3.162 0.406 0.437 0.468 0.500 0.533 0.568 0.603 0.639 0.677 0.715 0.754 0.794 0.836 0.878 0.921 0.966 1.011 1.057 1.104 1.152 1.202 1.252 1.303 1.354 1.407 1.461 1.516 1.571 1.628 1.685 1.744 1.803 1.863 1.924 1.986 2.049 2.113 2.177 2.243 2.309 2.376 2.444 2.513 2.583 2.653 2.724 2.797 2.869 2.943 3.018 3.093 3.169 0.409 0.440 0.471 0.503 0.537 0.571 0.606 0.643 0.680 0.719 0.758 0.799 0.840 0.882 0.926 0.970 1.015 1.062 1.109 1.157 1.206 1.257 1.308 1.360 1.413 1.467 1.521 1.577 1.634 1.691 1.750 1.809 1.869 1.931 1.993 2.055 2.119 2.184 2.249 2.316 2.383 2.451 2.520 2.590 2.660 2.732 2.804 2.877 2.951 3.025 3.101 3.177 0.412 0.443 0.474 0.507 0.540 0.575 0.610 0.647 0.684 0.723 0.762 0.803 0.844 0.887 0.930 0.975 1.020 1.066 1.114 1.162 1.211 1.262 1.313 1.365 1.418 1.472 1.527 1.583 1.639 1.697 1.756 1.815 1.875 1.937 1.999 2.062 2.126 2.190 2.256 2.322 2.390 2.458 2.527 2.597 2.667 2.739 2.811 2.884 2.958 3.033 3.108 3.185 0.415 0.446 0.477 0.510 0.544 0.578 0.614 0.650 0.688 0.727 0.766 0.807 0.848 0.891 0.935 0.979 1.025 1.071 1.119 1.167 1.216 1.267 1.318 1.370 1.423 1.477 1.532 1.588 1.645 1.703 1.762 1.821 1.882 1.943 2.005 2.068 2.132 2.197 2.263 2.329 2.396 2.465 2.534 2.604 2.674 2.746 2.818 2.892 2.966 3.040 3.116 3.192 0.418 0.449 0.481 0.513 0.547 0.582 0.617 0.654 0.692 0.730 0.770 0.811 0.853 0.895 0.939 0.984 1.029 1.076 1.123 1.172 1.221 1.272 1.323 1.375 1.429 1.483 1.538 1.594 1.651 1.709 1.767 1.827 1.888 1.949 2.011 2.074 2.139 2.203 2.269 2.336 2.403 2.472 2.541 2.611 2.682 2.753 2.826 2.899 2.973 3.048 3.124 3.200 0.421 0.452 0.484 0.517 0.550 0.585 0.621 0.658 0.696 0.734 0.774 0.815 0.857 0.900 0.943 0.988 1.034 1.081 1.128 1.177 1.226 1.277 1.328 1.381 1.434 1.488 1.544 1.600 1.657 1.715 1.773 1.833 1.894 1.955 2.018 2.081 2.145 2.210 2.276 2.343 2.410 2.478 2.548 2.618 2.689 2.760 2.833 2.906 2.980 3.055 3.131 3.208 0.424 0.455 0.487 0.520 0.554 0.589 0.625 0.661 0.699 0.738 0.778 0.819 0.861 0.904 0.948 0.993 1.039 1.085 1.133 1.182 1.231 1.282 1.334 1.386 1.439 1.494 1.549 1.605 1.662 1.720 1.779 1.839 1.900 1.961 2.024 2.087 2.151 2.216 2.282 2.349 2.417 2.485 2.555 2.625 2.696 2.768 2.840 2.914 2.988 3.063 3.139 3.215 0.427 0.458 0.490 0.523 0.557 0.592 0.628 0.665 0.703 0.742 0.782 0.823 0.865 0.908 0.952 0.997 1.043 1.090 1.138 1.187 1.236 1.287 1.339 1.391 1.445 1.499 1.555 1.611 1.668 1.726 1.785 1.845 1.906 1.968 2.030 2.094 2.158 2.223 2.289 2.356 2.424 2.492 2.562 2.632 2.703 2.775 2.848 2.921 2.995 3.070 3.146 3.223 0.431 0.462 0.494 0.527 0.561 0.596 0.632 0.669 0.707 0.746 0.786 0.827 0.870 0.913 0.957 1.002 1.048 1.095 1.143 1.192 1.241 1.292 1.344 1.397 1.450 1.505 1.560 1.617 1.674 1.732 1.791 1.851 1.912 1.974 2.036 2.100 2.164 2.230 2.296 2.363 2.430 2.499 2.569 2.639 2.710 2.782 2.855 2.928 3.003 3.078 3.154 3.231 290 300 310 320 330 340 350 360 370 380 390 400 410 420 430 440 450 460 470 480 490 500 510 520 530 540 550 560 570 580 590 600 610 620 630 640 650 660 670 680 690 700 710 720 730 740 750 760 770 780 790 800 2-2 Rosemount Inc. Table 2-1. Thermoelectric Voltage in Absolute Millivolts °C 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °C 810 820 830 840 850 860 870 880 890 900 910 920 930 940 950 960 970 980 990 1000 1010 1020 1030 1040 1050 1060 1070 1080 1090 1100 1110 1120 1130 1140 1150 1160 1170 1180 1190 1200 1210 1220 1230 1240 1250 1260 1270 1280 1290 1300 1310 1320 3.231 3.308 3.387 3.466 3.546 3.626 3.708 3.790 3.873 3.957 4.041 4.126 4.212 4.298 4.386 4.474 4.562 4.652 4.742 4.833 4.924 5.016 5.109 5.202 5.297 5.391 5.487 5.583 5.680 5.777 5.875 5.973 6.073 6.172 6.273 6.374 6.475 6.577 6.680 6.783 6.887 6.991 7.096 7.202 7.308 7.414 7.521 7.628 7.736 7.845 7.953 8.063 3.239 3.316 3.395 3.474 3.554 3.634 3.716 3.798 3.881 3.965 4.049 4.135 4.220 4.307 4.394 4.483 4.571 4.661 4.751 4.842 4.933 5.025 5.118 5.212 5.306 5.401 5.496 5.593 5.689 5.787 5.885 5.983 6.083 6.182 6.283 6.384 6.485 6.588 6.690 6.794 6.898 7.002 7.107 7.212 7.318 7.425 7.532 7.639 7.747 7.855 7.964 8.074 3.246 3.324 3.402 3.482 3.562 3.643 3.724 3.806 3.890 3.973 4.058 4.143 4.229 4.316 4.403 4.491 4.580 4.670 4.760 4.851 4.942 5.035 5.128 5.221 5.316 5.410 5.506 5.602 5.699 5.796 5.895 5.993 6.093 6.192 6.293 6.394 6.496 6.598 6.701 6.804 6.908 7.012 7.117 7.223 7.329 7.435 7.542 7.650 7.758 7.866 7.975 8.085 3.254 3.332 3.410 3.490 3.570 3.651 3.732 3.815 3.898 3.982 4.066 4.152 4.238 4.325 4.412 4.500 4.589 4.679 4.769 4.860 4.952 5.044 5.137 5.231 5.325 5.420 5.516 5.612 5.709 5.806 5.904 6.003 6.102 6.202 6.303 6.404 6.506 6.608 6.711 6.814 6.918 7.023 7.128 7.233 7.339 7.446 7.553 7.661 7.769 7.877 7.986 8.096 3.262 3.340 3.418 3.498 3.578 3.659 3.741 3.823 3.906 3.990 4.075 4.160 4.246 4.333 4.421 4.509 4.598 4.688 4.778 4.869 4.961 5.053 5.146 5.240 5.334 5.429 5.525 5.621 5.718 5.816 5.914 6.013 6.112 6.212 6.313 6.414 6.516 6.618 6.721 6.825 6.929 7.033 7.138 7.244 7.350 7.457 7.564 7.671 7.780 7.888 7.997 8.107 3.269 3.347 3.426 3.506 3.586 3.667 3.749 3.831 3.915 3.999 4.083 4.169 4.255 4.342 4.430 4.518 4.607 4.697 4.787 4.878 4.970 5.063 5.156 5.249 5.344 5.439 5.535 5.631 5.728 5.826 5.924 6.023 6.122 6.223 6.323 6.424 6.526 6.629 6.732 6.835 6.939 7.044 7.149 7.255 7.361 7.467 7.575 7.682 7.790 7.899 8.008 8.118 3.277 3.355 3.434 3.514 3.594 3.675 3.757 3.840 3.923 4.007 4.092 4.177 4.264 4.351 4.438 4.527 4.616 4.706 4.796 4.887 4.979 5.072 5.165 5.259 5.353 5.449 5.544 5.641 5.738 5.836 5.934 6.033 6.132 6.233 6.333 6.435 6.536 6.639 6.742 6.846 6.950 7.054 7.159 7.265 7.371 7.478 7.585 7.693 7.801 7.910 8.019 8.128 3.285 3.363 3.442 3.522 3.602 3.683 3.765 3.848 3.931 4.016 4.100 4.186 4.272 4.359 4.447 4.536 4.625 4.715 4.805 4.897 4.989 5.081 5.174 5.268 5.363 5.458 5.554 5.651 5.748 5.845 5.944 6.043 6.142 6.243 6.343 6.445 6.547 6.649 6.752 6.856 6.960 7.065 7.170 7.276 7.382 7.489 7.596 7.704 7.812 7.921 8.030 8.139 3.293 3.371 3.450 3.530 3.610 3.691 3.773 3.856 3.940 4.024 4.109 4.195 4.281 4.368 4.456 4.545 4.634 4.724 4.814 4.906 4.998 5.090 5.184 5.278 5.372 5.468 5.564 5.660 5.757 5.855 5.954 6.053 6.152 6.253 6.353 6.455 6.557 6.659 6.763 6.866 6.971 7.075 7.181 7.286 7.393 7.500 7.607 7.715 7.823 7.932 8.041 8.150 3.301 3.379 3.458 3.538 3.618 3.700 3.782 3.865 3.948 4.032 4.117 4.203 4.290 4.377 4.465 4.553 4.643 4.733 4.824 4.915 5.007 5.100 5.193 5.287 5.382 5.477 5.573 5.670 5.767 5.865 5.964 6.063 6.162 6.263 6.364 6.465 6.567 6.670 6.773 6.877 6.981 7.086 7.191 7.297 7.403 7.510 7.618 7.725 7.834 7.943 8.052 8.161 3.308 3.387 3.466 3.546 3.626 3.708 3.790 3.873 3.957 4.041 4.126 4.212 4.298 4.386 4.474 4.562 4.652 4.742 4.833 4.924 5.016 5.109 5.202 5.297 5.391 5.487 5.583 5.680 5.777 5.875 5.973 6.073 6.172 6.273 6.374 6.475 6.577 6.680 6.783 6.887 6.991 7.096 7.202 7.308 7.414 7.521 7.628 7.736 7.845 7.953 8.063 8.172 810 820 830 840 850 860 870 880 890 900 910 920 930 940 950 960 970 980 990 1000 1010 1020 1030 1040 1050 1060 1070 1080 1090 1100 1110 1120 1130 1140 1150 1160 1170 1180 1190 1200 1210 1220 1230 1240 1250 1260 1270 1280 1290 1300 1310 1320 2-3 Common Reference Information, Conversions, and Tables Table 2-1. Thermoelectric Voltage in Absolute Millivolts °C 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °C 1330 1340 1350 1360 1370 1380 1390 1400 1410 1420 1430 1440 1450 1460 1470 1480 1490 1500 1510 1520 1530 1540 1550 1560 1570 1580 1590 1600 1610 1620 1630 1640 1650 1660 1670 1680 1690 1700 1710 1720 1730 1740 1750 1760 1770 1780 1790 1800 1810 8.172 8.283 8.393 8.504 8.616 8.727 8.839 8.952 9.065 9.178 9.291 9.405 9.519 9.634 9.748 9.863 9.979 10.094 10.210 10.325 10.441 10.558 10.674 10.790 10.907 11.024 11.141 11.257 11.374 11.491 11.608 11.725 11.842 11.959 12.076 12.193 12.310 12.426 12.543 12.659 12.776 12.892 13.008 13.124 13.239 13.354 13.470 13.585 13.699 8.183 8.294 8.404 8.515 8.627 8.738 8.851 8.963 9.076 9.189 9.303 9.417 9.531 9.645 9.760 9.875 9.990 10.106 10.221 10.337 10.453 10.569 10.686 10.802 10.919 11.035 11.152 11.269 11.386 11.503 11.620 11.737 11.854 11.971 12.088 12.205 12.321 12.438 12.555 12.671 12.787 12.903 13.019 13.135 13.251 13.366 13.481 13.596 13.711 8.194 8.305 8.415 8.526 8.638 8.750 8.862 8.974 9.087 9.201 9.314 9.428 9.542 9.657 9.771 9.886 10.002 10.117 10.233 10.349 10.465 10.581 10.697 10.814 10.930 11.047 11.164 11.281 11.398 11.515 11.632 11.749 11.866 11.983 12.099 12.216 12.333 12.450 12.566 12.683 12.799 12.915 13.031 13.147 13.262 13.378 13.493 13.607 13.722 8.205 8.316 8.426 8.538 8.649 8.761 8.873 8.986 9.099 9.212 9.326 9.439 9.554 9.668 9.783 9.898 10.013 10.129 10.244 10.360 10.476 10.593 10.709 10.825 10.942 11.059 11.176 11.292 11.409 11.526 11.643 11.760 11.877 11.994 12.111 12.228 12.345 12.461 12.578 12.694 12.811 12.927 13.043 13.158 13.274 13.389 13.504 13.619 13.733 8.216 8.327 8.437 8.549 8.660 8.772 8.884 8.997 9.110 9.223 9.337 9.451 9.565 9.680 9.794 9.909 10.025 10.140 10.256 10.372 10.488 10.604 10.721 10.837 10.954 11.070 11.187 11.304 11.421 11.538 11.655 11.772 11.889 12.006 12.123 12.240 12.356 12.473 12.590 12.706 12.822 12.938 13.054 13.170 13.285 13.401 13.516 13.630 13.745 8.227 8.338 8.449 8.560 8.671 8.783 8.896 9.008 9.121 9.235 9.348 9.462 9.577 9.691 9.806 9.921 10.036 10.152 10.268 10.383 10.500 10.616 10.732 10.849 10.965 11.082 11.199 11.316 11.433 11.550 11.667 11.784 11.901 12.018 12.134 12.251 12.368 12.485 12.601 12.718 12.834 12.950 13.066 13.181 13.297 13.412 13.527 13.642 13.756 8.238 8.349 8.460 8.571 8.683 8.795 8.907 9.020 9.133 9.246 9.360 9.474 9.588 9.703 9.817 9.933 10.048 10.163 10.279 10.395 10.511 10.627 10.744 10.860 10.977 11.094 11.211 11.328 11.444 11.561 11.678 11.795 11.912 12.029 12.146 12.263 12.380 12.496 12.613 12.729 12.845 12.961 13.077 13.193 13.308 13.424 13.539 13.653 13.768 8.249 8.360 8.471 8.582 8.694 8.806 8.918 9.031 9.144 9.257 9.371 9.485 9.599 9.714 9.829 9.944 10.059 10.175 10.291 10.407 10.523 10.639 10.756 10.872 10.989 11.105 11.222 11.339 11.456 11.573 11.690 11.807 11.924 12.041 12.158 12.275 12.391 12.508 12.624 12.741 12.857 12.973 13.089 13.204 13.320 13.435 13.550 13.665 13.779 8.261 8.371 8.482 8.593 8.705 8.817 8.929 9.042 9.155 9.269 9.382 9.497 9.611 9.726 9.840 9.956 10.071 10.187 10.302 10.418 10.534 10.651 10.767 10.884 11.000 11.117 11.234 11.351 11.468 11.585 11.702 11.819 11.936 12.053 12.170 12.286 12.403 12.520 12.636 12.752 12.869 12.985 13.100 13.216 13.331 13.447 13.562 13.676 13.791 8.272 8.382 8.493 8.604 8.716 8.828 8.941 9.053 9.167 9.280 9.394 9.508 9.622 9.737 9.852 9.967 10.082 10.198 10.314 10.430 10.546 10.662 10.779 10.895 11.012 11.129 11.246 11.363 11.480 11.597 11.714 11.830 11.947 12.064 12.181 12.298 12.415 12.531 12.648 12.764 12.880 12.996 13.112 13.228 13.343 13.458 13.573 13.688 13.802 8.283 8.393 8.504 8.616 8.727 8.839 8.952 9.065 9.178 9.291 9.405 9.519 9.634 9.748 9.863 9.979 10.094 10.210 10.325 10.441 10.558 10.674 10.790 10.907 11.024 11.141 11.257 11.374 11.491 11.608 11.725 11.842 11.959 12.076 12.193 12.310 12.426 12.543 12.659 12.776 12.892 13.008 13.124 13.239 13.354 13.470 13.585 13.699 13.814 1330 1340 1350 1360 1370 1380 1390 1400 1410 1420 1430 1440 1450 1460 1470 1480 1490 1500 1510 1520 1530 1540 1550 1560 1570 1580 1590 1600 1610 1620 1630 1640 1650 1660 1670 1680 1690 1700 1710 1720 1730 1740 1750 1760 1770 1780 1790 1800 1810 2-4 Rosemount Inc. T/C TYPE B THERMOELECTRIC VOLTAGE as a Function of Temperature (°F) Reference Junctions at 32 °F Reference Standard: NBS Monograph 125 and BS 4937 parts 1-7 Table 2-2. Thermoelectric Voltage in Absolute Millivolts °F 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300 310 320 330 340 350 360 370 380 390 400 410 420 430 440 450 460 470 0 -0.001 -0.002 -0.002 -0.003 -0.002 -0.002 -0.001 0.000 0.002 0.004 0.006 0.009 0.012 0.015 0.019 0.023 0.027 0.032 0.037 0.043 0.049 0.055 0.061 0.068 0.075 0.083 0.090 0.099 0.107 0.116 0.125 0.135 0.144 0.155 0.165 0.176 0.187 0.199 0.210 0.223 0.235 0.248 0.261 0.275 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °F -0.001 -0.002 -0.002 -0.003 -0.002 -0.002 -0.001 0.000 0.002 0.004 0.006 0.009 0.012 0.016 0.019 0.023 0.028 0.033 0.038 0.043 0.049 0.055 0.062 0.069 0.076 0.083 0.091 0.099 0.108 0.117 0.126 0.136 0.145 0.156 0.166 0.177 0.188 0.200 0.212 0.224 0.236 0.249 0.262 0.276 -0.000 -0.001 -0.002 -0.002 -0.003 -0.002 -0.002 -0.001 0.001 0.002 0.004 0.007 0.009 0.013 0.016 0.020 0.024 0.028 0.033 0.038 0.044 0.050 0.056 0.062 0.069 0.077 0.084 0.092 0.100 0.109 0.118 0.127 0.137 0.146 0.157 0.167 0.178 0.189 0.201 0.213 0.225 0.238 0.251 0.264 0.277 -0.000 -0.001 -0.002 -0.003 -0.003 -0.002 -0.002 -0.001 0.001 0.002 0.005 0.007 0.010 0.013 0.016 0.020 0.024 0.029 0.034 0.039 0.044 0.050 0.057 0.063 0.070 0.077 0.085 0.093 0.101 0.110 0.119 0.128 0.138 0.147 0.158 0.168 0.179 0.191 0.202 0.214 0.226 0.239 0.252 0.265 0.279 -0.000 -0.001 -0.002 -0.003 -0.003 -0.002 -0.002 -0.000 0.001 0.003 0.005 0.007 0.010 0.013 0.017 0.021 0.025 0.029 0.034 0.039 0.045 0.051 0.057 0.064 0.071 0.078 0.086 0.094 0.102 0.111 0.120 0.129 0.138 0.148 0.159 0.169 0.180 0.192 0.203 0.215 0.228 0.240 0.253 0.266 0.280 -0.000 -0.001 -0.002 -0.003 -0.003 -0.002 -0.001 -0.000 0.001 0.003 0.005 0.007 0.010 0.014 0.017 0.021 0.025 0.030 0.035 0.040 0.046 0.052 0.058 0.064 0.071 0.079 0.086 0.094 0.103 0.111 0.120 0.130 0.139 0.149 0.160 0.171 0.182 0.193 0.205 0.217 0.229 0.242 0.254 0.268 0.281 -0.001 -0.002 -0.002 -0.003 -0.003 -0.002 -0.001 -0.000 0.001 0.003 0.005 0.008 0.011 0.014 0.017 0.021 0.026 0.030 0.035 0.041 0.046 0.052 0.058 0.065 0.072 0.080 0.087 0.095 0.104 0.112 0.121 0.131 0.140 0.151 0.161 0.172 0.183 0.194 0.206 0.218 0.230 0.243 0.256 0.269 0.283 -0.001 -0.002 -0.002 -0.003 -0.002 -0.002 -0.001 -0.000 0.001 0.003 0.005 0.008 0.011 0.014 0.018 0.022 0.026 0.031 0.036 0.041 0.047 0.053 0.059 0.066 0.073 0.080 0.088 0.096 0.104 0.113 0.122 0.132 0.141 0.152 0.162 0.173 0.184 0.195 0.207 0.219 0.231 0.244 0.257 0.271 0.284 -0.001 -0.002 -0.002 -0.003 -0.002 -0.002 -0.001 0.000 0.002 0.003 0.006 0.008 0.011 0.015 0.018 0.022 0.027 0.031 0.036 0.042 0.047 0.053 0.060 0.067 0.074 0.081 0.089 0.097 0.105 0.114 0.123 0.133 0.142 0.153 0.163 0.174 0.185 0.196 0.208 0.220 0.233 0.245 0.258 0.272 0.286 -0.001 -0.002 -0.002 -0.003 -0.002 -0.002 -0.001 0.000 0.002 0.004 0.006 0.009 0.012 0.015 0.019 0.023 0.027 0.032 0.037 0.042 0.048 0.054 0.060 0.067 0.074 0.082 0.090 0.098 0.106 0.115 0.124 0.134 0.143 0.154 0.164 0.175 0.186 0.197 0.209 0.221 0.234 0.247 0.260 0.273 0.287 -0.001 -0.002 -0.002 -0.003 -0.002 -0.002 -0.001 0.000 0.002 0.004 0.006 0.009 0.012 0.015 0.019 0.023 0.027 0.032 0.037 0.043 0.049 0.055 0.061 0.068 0.075 0.083 0.090 0.099 0.107 0.116 0.125 0.135 0.144 0.155 0.165 0.176 0.187 0.199 0.210 0.223 0.235 0.248 0.261 0.275 0.288 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300 310 320 330 340 350 360 370 380 390 400 410 420 430 440 450 460 470 2-5 Common Reference Information, Conversions, and Tables Table 2-2. Thermoelectric Voltage in Absolute Millivolts °F 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °F 480 490 500 510 520 530 540 550 560 570 580 590 600 610 620 630 640 650 660 670 680 690 700 710 720 730 740 750 760 770 780 790 800 810 820 830 840 850 860 870 880 890 900 910 920 930 940 950 960 970 980 990 0.288 0.303 0.317 0.332 0.347 0.362 0.378 0.394 0.410 0.427 0.444 0.462 0.479 0.497 0.515 0.534 0.553 0.572 0.592 0.612 0.632 0.652 0.673 0.694 0.716 0.737 0.759 0.782 0.804 0.827 0.851 0.874 0.898 0.922 0.947 0.972 0.997 1.022 1.048 1.074 1.100 1.127 1.153 1.181 1.208 1.236 1.264 1.292 1.321 1.350 1.379 1.409 0.290 0.304 0.318 0.333 0.348 0.364 0.380 0.396 0.412 0.429 0.446 0.463 0.481 0.499 0.517 0.536 0.555 0.574 0.594 0.614 0.634 0.654 0.675 0.696 0.718 0.740 0.762 0.784 0.807 0.830 0.853 0.877 0.901 0.925 0.949 0.974 0.999 1.025 1.050 1.076 1.103 1.129 1.156 1.183 1.211 1.239 1.267 1.295 1.324 1.353 1.382 1.411 0.291 0.305 0.320 0.335 0.350 0.365 0.381 0.397 0.414 0.431 0.448 0.465 0.483 0.501 0.519 0.538 0.557 0.576 0.596 0.616 0.636 0.656 0.677 0.699 0.720 0.742 0.764 0.786 0.809 0.832 0.855 0.879 0.903 0.927 0.952 0.977 1.002 1.027 1.053 1.079 1.105 1.132 1.159 1.186 1.214 1.241 1.270 1.298 1.327 1.356 1.385 1.414 0.293 0.307 0.321 0.336 0.351 0.367 0.383 0.399 0.415 0.432 0.449 0.467 0.485 0.503 0.521 0.540 0.559 0.578 0.598 0.618 0.638 0.659 0.679 0.701 0.722 0.744 0.766 0.789 0.811 0.834 0.858 0.881 0.905 0.930 0.954 0.979 1.004 1.030 1.056 1.082 1.108 1.135 1.162 1.189 1.216 1.244 1.272 1.301 1.330 1.359 1.388 1.417 0.294 0.308 0.323 0.338 0.353 0.369 0.384 0.401 0.417 0.434 0.451 0.469 0.486 0.504 0.523 0.542 0.561 0.580 0.600 0.620 0.640 0.661 0.682 0.703 0.724 0.746 0.768 0.791 0.814 0.837 0.860 0.884 0.908 0.932 0.957 0.982 1.007 1.032 1.058 1.084 1.111 1.137 1.164 1.192 1.219 1.247 1.275 1.304 1.332 1.361 1.391 1.420 0.295 0.310 0.324 0.339 0.355 0.370 0.386 0.402 0.419 0.436 0.453 0.470 0.488 0.506 0.525 0.544 0.563 0.582 0.602 0.622 0.642 0.663 0.684 0.705 0.727 0.748 0.771 0.793 0.816 0.839 0.862 0.886 0.910 0.935 0.959 0.984 1.009 1.035 1.061 1.087 1.113 1.140 1.167 1.194 1.222 1.250 1.278 1.307 1.335 1.364 1.394 1.423 0.297 0.311 0.326 0.341 0.356 0.372 0.388 0.404 0.420 0.437 0.455 0.472 0.490 0.508 0.527 0.545 0.565 0.584 0.604 0.624 0.644 0.665 0.686 0.707 0.729 0.751 0.773 0.795 0.818 0.841 0.865 0.889 0.913 0.937 0.962 0.987 1.012 1.037 1.063 1.090 1.116 1.143 1.170 1.197 1.225 1.253 1.281 1.309 1.338 1.367 1.397 1.426 0.298 0.313 0.327 0.342 0.358 0.373 0.389 0.405 0.422 0.439 0.456 0.474 0.492 0.510 0.528 0.547 0.566 0.586 0.606 0.626 0.646 0.667 0.688 0.709 0.731 0.753 0.775 0.798 0.821 0.844 0.867 0.891 0.915 0.939 0.964 0.989 1.014 1.040 1.066 1.092 1.119 1.145 1.172 1.200 1.228 1.255 1.284 1.312 1.341 1.370 1.400 1.429 0.300 0.314 0.329 0.344 0.359 0.375 0.391 0.407 0.424 0.441 0.458 0.476 0.494 0.512 0.530 0.549 0.568 0.588 0.608 0.628 0.648 0.669 0.690 0.711 0.733 0.755 0.777 0.800 0.823 0.846 0.870 0.893 0.918 0.942 0.967 0.992 1.017 1.043 1.069 1.095 1.121 1.148 1.175 1.203 1.230 1.258 1.287 1.315 1.344 1.373 1.403 1.432 0.301 0.315 0.330 0.345 0.361 0.376 0.392 0.409 0.425 0.442 0.460 0.477 0.495 0.514 0.532 0.551 0.570 0.590 0.610 0.630 0.650 0.671 0.692 0.714 0.735 0.757 0.780 0.802 0.825 0.848 0.872 0.896 0.920 0.944 0.969 0.994 1.020 1.045 1.071 1.097 1.124 1.151 1.178 1.205 1.233 1.261 1.289 1.318 1.347 1.376 1.406 1.435 0.303 0.317 0.332 0.347 0.362 0.378 0.394 0.410 0.427 0.444 0.462 0.479 0.497 0.515 0.534 0.553 0.572 0.592 0.612 0.632 0.652 0.673 0.694 0.716 0.737 0.759 0.782 0.804 0.827 0.851 0.874 0.898 0.922 0.947 0.972 0.997 1.022 1.048 1.074 1.100 1.127 1.153 1.181 1.208 1.236 1.264 1.292 1.321 1.350 1.379 1.409 1.438 480 490 500 510 520 530 540 550 560 570 580 590 600 610 620 630 640 650 660 670 680 690 700 710 720 730 740 750 760 770 780 790 800 810 820 830 840 850 860 870 880 890 900 910 920 930 940 950 960 970 980 990 2-6 Rosemount Inc. Table 2-2. Thermoelectric Voltage in Absolute Millivolts °F 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °F 1000 1010 1020 1030 1040 1050 1060 1070 1080 1090 1100 1110 1120 1130 1140 1150 1160 1170 1180 1190 1200 1210 1220 1230 1240 1250 1260 1270 1280 1290 1300 1310 1320 1340 1350 1360 1370 1380 1390 1400 1410 1420 1430 1450 1460 1470 1480 1490 1500 1510 1520 1530 1.438 1.468 1.499 1.529 1.560 1.591 1.623 1.655 1.687 1.719 1.752 1.785 1.818 1.851 1.885 1.919 1.953 1.988 2.022 2.058 2.093 2.128 2.164 2.201 2.237 2.274 2.311 2.348 2.385 2.423 2.461 2.499 2.538 2.576 2.615 2.655 2.694 2.734 2.774 2.814 2.855 2.896 2.937 2.978 3.019 3.061 3.103 3.231 3.274 3.317 3.361 3.404 1.441 1.471 1.502 1.532 1.563 1.595 1.262 1.658 1.690 1.722 1.755 1.788 1.821 1.855 1.888 1.922 1.957 1.991 2.026 2.061 2.096 2.132 2.168 2.204 2.241 2.277 2.314 2.351 2.389 2.427 2.465 2.503 2.542 2.580 2.619 2.659 2.698 2.738 2.778 2.818 2.859 2.900 2.941 2.982 3.024 3.065 3.107 3.235 3.278 3.321 3.365 3.409 1.444 1.474 1.505 1.536 1.566 1.598 1.629 1.661 1.693 1.726 1.758 1.791 1.824 1.858 1.892 1.926 1.960 1.995 2.029 2.065 2.100 2.136 2.172 2.208 2.244 2.281 2.318 2.355 2.393 2.430 2.469 2.507 2.545 2.584 2.623 2.663 2.702 2.742 2.782 2.822 2.863 2.904 2.945 2.986 3.028 3.070 3.112 3.239 3.282 3.326 3.369 3.413 1.447 1.477 1.508 1.539 1.570 1.601 1.632 1.664 1.696 1.729 1.762 1.795 1.828 1.861 1.895 1.929 1.963 1.998 2.033 2.068 2.104 2.139 2.175 2.211 2.248 2.285 2.322 2.359 2.396 2.434 2.472 2.511 2.549 2.588 2.627 2.667 2.706 2.746 2.786 2.826 2.867 2.908 2.949 2.990 3.032 3.074 3.116 3.244 3.287 3.330 3.374 3.417 1.450 1.480 1.511 1.542 1.573 1.604 1.636 1.668 1.700 1.732 1.765 1.798 1.831 1.865 1.898 1.933 1.967 2.002 2.036 2.072 2.107 2.143 2.179 2.215 2.252 2.288 2.325 2.363 2.400 2.438 2.476 2.515 2.553 2.592 2.631 2.670 2.710 2.750 2.790 2.830 2.871 2.912 2.953 2.995 3.036 3.078 3.120 3.248 3.291 3.334 3.378 3.422 1.453 1.483 1.514 1.545 1.576 1.607 1.639 1.671 1.703 1.735 1.768 1.801 1.834 1.868 1.902 1.936 1.970 2.005 2.040 2.075 2.111 2.146 2.182 2.219 2.255 2.292 2.329 2.366 2.404 2.442 2.480 2.518 2.557 2.596 2.635 2.674 2.714 2.754 2.794 2.835 2.875 2.916 2.957 2.999 3.040 3.082 3.124 3.252 3.295 3.339 3.382 3.426 1.456 1.487 1.517 1.548 1.579 1.610 1.642 1.674 1.706 1.739 1.771 1.804 1.838 1.871 1.905 1.939 1.974 2.009 2.043 2.079 2.114 2.150 2.186 2.222 2.259 2.296 2.333 2.70 2.408 2.446 2.484 2.522 2.561 2.600 2.639 2.678 2.718 2.758 2.798 2.839 2.879 2.920 2.961 3.003 3.045 3.086 3.129 3.257 3.300 3.343 3.387 3.431 1.459 1.490 1.520 1.551 1.582 1.613 1.645 1.677 1.709 1.742 1.775 1.808 1.841 1.875 1.909 1.943 1.977 2.012 2.047 2.082 2.118 2.154 2.190 2.226 2.263 2.299 2.337 2.374 2.412 2.449 2.488 2.526 2.565 2.604 2.643 2.682 2.722 2.762 2.802 2.843 2.883 2.924 2.966 3.007 3.049 3.091 3.133 3.261 3.304 3.347 3.391 3.435 1.462 1.493 1.523 1.554 1.585 1.617 1.648 1.680 1.713 1.745 1.778 1.811 1.844 1.878 1.912 1.946 1.981 2.015 2.051 2.086 2.121 2.157 2.193 2.230 2.266 2.303 2.340 2.378 2.415 2.453 2.491 2.30 2.569 2.608 2.647 2.686 2.726 2.766 2.806 2.847 2.887 2.928 2.970 3.011 3.053 3.095 3.137 3.265 3.308 3.352 3.395 3.439 1.465 1.496 1.526 1.557 1.588 1.620 1.652 1.684 1.716 1.748 1.781 1.814 1.848 1.882 1.915 1.950 1.984 2.019 2.054 2.089 2.125 2.161 2.197 2.233 2.270 2.307 2.344 2.381 2.419 2.457 2.495 2.534 2.573 2.612 2.651 2.690 2.730 2.770 2.810 2.851 2.892 2.933 2.974 3.015 3.057 3.099 3.141 3.269 3.313 3.356 3.400 3.444 1.468 1.499 1.529 1.560 1.591 1.623 1.655 1.687 1.719 1.752 1.785 1.818 1.851 1.885 1.919 1.953 1.988 2.022 2.058 2.093 2.128 2.164 2.201 2.237 2.274 2.311 2.348 2.385 2.423 2.461 2.499 2.538 2.576 2.615 2.655 2.694 2.734 2.774 2.814 2.855 2.896 2.937 2.978 3.019 3.061 3.103 3.146 3.274 3.317 3.361 3.404 3.448 1000 1010 1020 1030 1040 1050 1060 1070 1080 1090 1100 1110 1120 1130 1140 1150 1160 1170 1180 1190 1200 1210 1220 1230 1240 1250 1260 1270 1280 1290 1300 1310 1320 1340 1350 1360 1370 1380 1390 1400 1410 1420 1430 1450 1460 1470 1480 1490 1500 1510 1520 1530 2-7 Common Reference Information, Conversions, and Tables Table 2-2. Thermoelectric Voltage in Absolute Millivolts °F 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °F 1540 1550 1560 1570 1580 1590 1600 1610 1620 1630 1640 1650 1660 1670 1680 1690 1700 1710 1720 1730 1740 1750 1760 1770 1780 1790 1800 1810 1820 1830 1840 1850 1860 1870 1880 1890 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050 3.448 3.492 3.537 3.581 3.626 3.672 3.717 3.762 3.808 3.854 3.901 3.947 3.994 4.041 4.088 4.136 4.183 4.231 4.279 4.327 4.376 4.425 4.474 4.523 4.572 4.622 4.672 4.722 4.772 4.823 4.873 4.924 4.975 5.027 5.078 5.130 5.182 5.234 5.286 5.339 5.391 5.444 5.497 5.551 5.604 5.658 5.712 5.766 5.820 5.875 5.930 5.984 3.453 3.497 3.541 3.586 3.631 3.676 3.721 3.767 3.813 3.859 3.905 3.952 3.999 4.046 4.093 4.140 4.188 4.236 4.284 4.332 4.381 4.430 4.479 4.528 4.577 4.627 4.677 4.727 4.777 4.828 4.878 4.929 4.980 5.032 5.083 5.135 5.187 5.239 5.291 5.344 5.397 5.450 5.503 5.556 5.610 5.663 5.717 5.771 5.826 5.880 5.935 5.990 3.457 3.501 3.546 3.590 3.635 3.681 3.726 3.772 3.818 3.864 3.910 3.957 4.003 4.050 4.098 4.145 4.193 4.241 4.289 4.337 4.386 4.435 4.484 4.533 4.582 4.632 4.682 4.732 4.782 4.833 4.883 4.934 4.985 5.037 5.088 5.140 5.192 5.244 5.297 5.349 5.402 5.455 5.508 5.561 5.615 5.669 5.723 5.777 5.831 5.886 5.941 5.995 3.461 3.506 3.550 3.595 3.640 3.685 3.731 3.776 3.822 3.868 3.915 3.961 4.008 4.055 4.102 4.150 4.198 4.245 4.294 4.342 4.391 4.439 4.488 4.538 4.587 4.637 4.687 4.737 4.787 4.838 4.888 4.939 4.991 5.042 5.094 5.145 5.197 5.249 5.302 5.354 5.407 5.460 5.513 5.567 5.620 5.674 5.728 5.782 5.837 5.891 5.946 6.001 3.466 3.510 3.555 3.599 3.644 3.690 3.735 3.781 3.827 3.873 3.919 3.966 4.013 4.060 4.107 4.155 4.202 4.250 4.298 4.347 4.395 4.444 4.493 4.543 4.592 4.642 4.692 4.742 4.792 4.843 4.894 4.945 4.996 5.047 5.099 5.150 5.202 5.255 5.307 5.360 5.413 5.466 5.519 5.572 5.626 5.680 5.734 5.788 5.842 5.897 5.951 6.006 3.470 3.515 3.559 3.604 3.649 3.694 3.740 3.785 3.831 3.877 3.924 3.971 4.017 4.064 4.112 4.159 4.207 4.255 4.303 4.352 4.400 4.449 4.498 4.548 4.597 4.647 4.697 4.747 4.797 4.848 4.899 4.950 5.001 5.052 5.104 5.156 5.208 5.260 5.312 5.365 5.418 5.471 5.524 5.578 5.631 5.685 5.739 5.793 5.848 5.902 5.957 6.012 3.475 3.519 3.564 3.608 3.653 3.699 3.744 3.790 3.836 3.882 3.929 3.975 4.022 4.069 4.117 4.164 4.212 4.260 4.308 4.357 4.405 4.454 4.503 4.552 4.602 4.652 4.702 4.752 4.802 4.853 4.904 4.955 5.006 5.057 5.109 5.161 5.213 5.265 5.318 5.370 5.423 5.476 5.529 5.583 5.637 5.690 5.744 5.799 5.853 5.908 5.962 6.017 3.479 3.523 3.568 3.613 3.658 3.703 3.749 3.795 3.841 3.887 3.933 3.980 4.027 4.074 4.121 4.169 4.217 4.265 4.313 4.361 4.410 4.459 4.508 4.557 4.607 4.657 4.707 4.757 4.807 4.858 4.909 4.960 5.011 5.063 5.114 5.166 5.218 5.270 5.323 5.376 5.428 5.482 5.535 5.588 5.642 5.696 5.750 5.804 5.859 5.913 5.968 6.023 3.484 3.528 3.573 3.617 3.662 3.708 3.753 3.799 3.845 3.891 3.938 3.985 4.031 4.079 4.126 4.174 4.221 4.269 4.318 4.366 4.415 4.464 4.513 4.562 4.612 4.662 4.712 4.762 4.812 4.863 4.914 4.965 5.016 5.068 5.119 5.171 5.223 5.276 5.328 5.381 5.434 5.487 5.540 5.594 5.647 5.701 5.755 5.810 5.864 5.919 5.973 6.028 3.488 3.532 3.577 3.622 3.667 3.712 3.758 3.804 3.850 3.896 3.943 3.989 4.036 4.083 4.131 4.178 4.226 4.274 4.323 4.371 4.420 4.469 4.518 4.567 4.617 4.667 4.717 4.767 4.817 4.868 4.919 4.970 5.021 5.073 5.125 5.176 5.229 5.281 5.333 5.386 5.439 5.492 5.545 5.599 5.653 5.707 5.761 5.815 5.869 5.924 5.979 6.034 3.492 3.537 3.581 3.626 3.672 3.717 3.762 3.808 3.854 3.901 3.947 3.994 4.041 4.088 4.136 4.183 4.231 4.279 4.327 4.376 4.425 4.474 4.523 4.572 4.622 4.672 4.722 4.772 4.823 4.873 4.924 4.975 5.027 5.078 5.130 5.182 5.234 5.286 5.339 5.391 5.444 5.497 5.551 5.604 5.658 5.712 5.766 5.820 5.875 5.930 5.984 6.039 1540 1550 1560 1570 1580 1590 1600 1610 1620 1630 1640 1650 1660 1670 1680 1690 1700 1710 1720 1730 1740 1750 1760 1770 1780 1790 1800 1810 1820 1830 1840 1850 1860 1870 1880 1890 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050 2-8 Rosemount Inc. Table 2-2. Thermoelectric Voltage in Absolute Millivolts °F 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °F 2060 2070 2080 2090 2100 2110 2120 2130 2140 2150 2160 2170 2180 2190 2200 2210 2220 2230 2240 2250 2260 2270 2280 2290 2300 2310 2320 2330 2340 2350 2360 2370 2380 2390 2400 2410 2420 2430 2440 2450 2460 2470 2480 2490 2500 2510 2520 2530 2540 2550 2560 2570 6.039 6.095 6.150 6.206 6.262 6.318 6.374 6.430 6.487 6.543 6.600 6.657 6.714 6.772 6.829 6.887 6.945 7.003 7.061 7.120 7.178 7.237 7.296 7.355 7.414 7.473 7.533 7.592 7.652 7.712 7.772 7.833 7.893 7.953 8.014 8.075 8.136 8.197 8.258 8.319 8.381 8.442 8.504 8.566 8.628 8.690 8.752 8.814 8.877 8.939 9.002 9.065 6.045 6.100 6.156 6.211 6.267 6.323 6.379 6.436 6.492 6.549 6.606 6.663 6.720 6.778 6.835 6.893 6.951 7.009 7.067 7.126 7.184 7.243 7.302 7.361 7.420 7.479 7.539 7.598 7.658 7.718 7.778 7.839 7.899 7.959 8.020 8.081 8.142 8.203 8.264 8.326 8.387 8.449 8.510 8.572 8.634 8.696 8.758 8.821 8.883 8.946 9.008 9.071 6.051 6.106 6.161 6.217 6.273 6.329 6.385 6.441 6.498 6.555 6.612 6.669 6.726 6.783 6.841 6.899 6.957 7.015 7.073 7.131 7.190 7.249 7.308 7.367 7.426 7.485 7.545 7.604 7.664 7.724 7.784 7.845 7.905 7.966 8.026 8.087 8.148 8.209 8.270 8.332 8.393 8.455 8.516 8.578 8.640 8.702 8.765 8.827 8.889 8.952 9.015 9.077 6.056 6.111 6.167 6.223 6.278 6.334 6.391 6.447 6.504 6.560 6.617 6.674 6.732 6.789 6.847 6.904 6.962 7.021 7.079 7.137 7.196 7.255 7.314 7.373 7.432 7.491 7.551 7.610 7.670 7.730 7.790 7.851 7.911 7.972 8.032 8.093 8.154 8.215 8.276 8.338 8.399 8.461 8.523 8.585 8.647 8.709 8.771 8.833 8.896 8.958 9.021 9.084 6.062 6.117 6.172 6.228 6.284 6.340 6.396 6.453 6.509 6.566 6.623 6.680 6.737 6.795 6.852 6.910 6.968 7.026 7.085 7.143 7.202 7.260 7.319 7.378 7.438 7.497 7.557 7.616 7.676 7.736 7.796 7.857 7.917 7.978 8.038 8.099 8.160 8.221 8.283 8.344 8.405 8.467 8.529 8.591 8.653 8.715 8.777 8.839 8.902 8.964 9.027 9.090 6.067 6.122 6.178 6.234 6.290 6.346 6.402 6.458 6.515 6.572 6.629 6.686 6.743 6.801 6.858 6.916 6.974 7.032 7.090 7.149 7.208 7.266 7.325 7.384 7.444 7.503 7.563 7.622 7.682 7.742 7.802 7.863 7.923 7.984 8.044 8.105 8.166 8.227 8.289 8.350 8.412 8.473 8.535 8.597 8.659 8.721 8.783 8.846 8.908 8.971 9.033 9.096 6.073 6.128 6.184 6.239 6.295 6.351 6.408 6.464 6.521 6.577 6.634 6.692 6.749 6.806 6.864 6.922 6.980 7.038 7.096 7.155 7.213 7.272 7.331 7.390 7.450 7.509 7.569 7.628 7.688 7.748 7.808 7.869 7.929 7.990 8.051 8.111 8.172 8.234 8.295 8.356 8.418 8.479 8.541 8.603 8.665 8.727 8.790 8.852 8.914 8.977 9.040 9.102 6.078 6.134 6.189 6.245 6.301 6.357 6.413 6.470 6.526 6.583 6.640 6.697 6.755 6.812 6.870 6.928 6.986 7.044 7.102 7.161 7.219 7.278 7.337 7.396 7.456 7.515 7.575 7.634 7.694 7.754 7.814 7.875 7.935 7.996 8.057 8.118 8.179 8.240 8.301 8.362 8.424 8.486 8.547 8.609 8.671 8.733 8.796 8.858 8.921 8.983 9.046 9.109 6.084 6.139 6.195 6.250 6.306 6.362 6.419 6.475 6.532 6.589 6.646 6.703 6.760 6.818 6.876 6.933 6.991 7.050 7.108 7.167 7.225 7.284 7.343 7.402 7.461 7.521 7.581 7.640 7.700 7.760 7.820 7.881 7.941 8.002 8.063 8.124 8.185 8.246 8.307 8.369 8.430 8.492 8.554 8.616 8.678 8.740 8.802 8.864 8.927 8.989 9.052 9.115 6.089 6.145 6.200 6.256 6.312 6.368 6.424 6.481 6.538 6.594 6.651 6.709 6.766 6.824 6.881 6.939 6.997 7.055 7.114 7.172 7.231 7.290 7.349 7.408 7.467 7.527 7.587 7.646 7.706 7.766 7.827 7.887 7.947 8.008 8.069 8.130 8.191 8.252 8.313 8.375 8.436 8.498 8.560 8.622 8.684 8.746 8.808 8.871 8.933 8.996 9.058 9.121 6.095 6.150 6.206 6.262 6.318 6.374 6.430 6.487 6.543 6.600 6.657 6.714 6.772 6.829 6.887 6.945 7.003 7.061 7.120 7.178 7.237 7.296 7.355 7.414 7.473 7.533 7.592 7.652 7.712 7.772 7.833 7.893 7.953 8.014 8.075 8.136 8.197 8.258 8.319 8.381 8.442 8.504 8.566 8.628 8.690 8.752 8.814 8.877 8.939 9.002 9.065 9.128 2060 2070 2080 2090 2100 2110 2120 2130 2140 2150 2160 2170 2180 2190 2200 2210 2220 2230 2240 2250 2260 2270 2280 2290 2300 2310 2320 2330 2340 2350 2360 2370 2380 2390 2400 2410 2420 2430 2440 2450 2460 2470 2480 2490 2500 2510 2520 2530 2540 2550 2560 2570 2-9 Common Reference Information, Conversions, and Tables Table 2-2. Thermoelectric Voltage in Absolute Millivolts °F 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °F 2580 2590 2600 2610 2620 2630 2640 2650 2660 2670 2680 2690 2700 2710 2720 2730 2740 2750 2760 2770 2780 2790 2800 2810 2820 2830 2840 2850 2860 2870 2880 2890 2900 2910 2920 2930 2940 2950 2960 2970 2980 2990 3000 3010 3020 3030 3040 3050 3060 3070 3080 3090 9.128 9.191 9.254 9.317 9.380 9.443 9.507 9.570 9.634 9.697 9.761 9.825 9.889 9.953 10.017 10.081 10.145 10.210 10.274 10.338 10.403 10.467 10.532 10.596 10.661 10.726 10.790 10.855 10.920 10.985 11.050 11.115 11.179 11.244 11.309 11.374 11.439 11.504 11.569 11.634 11.699 11.764 11.829 11.894 11.959 12.024 12.089 12.154 12.219 12.284 12.349 12.413 9.134 9.197 9.260 9.323 9.386 9.450 9.513 9.577 9.640 9.704 9.768 9.831 9.895 9.959 10.023 10.088 10.152 10.216 10.280 10.345 10.409 10.474 10.538 10.603 10.668 10.732 10.797 10.862 10.926 10.991 11.056 11.121 11.186 11.251 11.316 11.381 11.446 11.511 11.576 11.641 11.706 11.771 11.836 11.901 11.966 12.031 12.096 12.160 12.225 12.290 12.355 12.420 9.140 9.203 9.266 9.329 9.393 9.456 9.519 9.583 9.647 9.710 9.774 9.838 9.902 9.966 10.030 10.094 10.158 10.223 10.287 10.351 10.416 10.480 10.545 10.609 10.674 10.739 10.803 10.868 10.933 10.998 11.063 11.128 11.192 11.257 11.322 11.387 11.452 11.517 11.582 11.647 11.712 11.777 11.842 11.907 11.972 12.037 12.102 12.167 12.232 12.297 12.362 12.426 9.146 9.209 9.273 9.336 9.399 9.462 9.526 9.589 9.653 9.717 9.780 9.844 9.908 9.972 10.036 10.100 10.165 10.229 10.293 10.358 10.422 10.487 10.551 10.616 10.680 10.745 10.810 10.875 10.939 11.004 11.069 11.134 11.199 11.264 11.329 11.394 11.459 11.524 11.589 11.654 11.719 11.784 11.849 11.914 11.979 12.044 12.109 12.173 12.238 12.303 12.368 12.433 9.153 9.216 9.279 9.342 9.405 9.469 9.532 9.596 9.659 9.723 9.787 9.851 9.915 9.979 10.043 10.107 10.171 10.235 10.300 10.364 10.429 10.493 10.558 10.622 10.687 10.752 10.816 10.881 10.946 11.011 11.076 11.141 11.205 11.270 11.335 11.400 11.465 11.530 11.595 11.660 11.725 11.790 11.855 11.920 11.985 12.050 12.115 12.180 12.245 12.310 12.374 12.439 9.159 9.222 9.285 9.348 9.412 9.475 9.538 9.602 9.666 9.729 9.793 9.857 9.921 9.985 10.049 10.113 10.178 10.242 10.306 10.371 10.435 10.500 10.564 10.629 10.693 10.758 10.823 10.888 10.952 11.017 11.082 11.147 11.212 11.277 11.342 11.407 11.472 11.537 11.602 11.667 11.732 11.797 11.862 11.927 11.992 12.057 12.121 12.186 12.251 12.316 12.381 12.446 9.165 9.228 9.291 9.355 9.418 9.481 9.545 9.608 9.672 9.736 9.800 9.863 9.927 9.991 10.056 10.120 10.184 10.248 10.313 10.377 10.441 10.506 10.571 10.635 10.700 10.765 10.829 10.894 10.959 11.024 11.089 11.154 11.218 11.283 11.348 11.413 11.478 11.543 11.608 11.673 11.738 11.803 11.868 11.933 11.998 12.063 12.128 12.193 12.258 12.323 12.387 12.452 9.172 9.235 9.298 9.361 9.424 9.488 9.551 9.615 9.678 9.742 9.806 9.870 9.934 9.998 10.062 10.126 10.190 10.255 10.319 10.383 10.448 10.512 10.577 10.642 10.706 10.771 10.836 10.901 10.965 11.030 11.095 11.160 11.225 11.290 11.355 11.420 11.485 11.550 11.615 11.680 11.745 11.810 11.875 11.940 12.005 12.070 12.134 12.199 12.264 12.329 12.394 12.459 9.178 9.241 9.304 9.367 9.431 9.494 9.558 9.621 9.685 9.748 9.812 9.876 9.940 10.004 10.068 10.133 10.197 10.261 10.325 10.390 10.454 10.519 10.584 10.648 10.713 10.778 10.842 10.907 10.972 11.037 11.102 11.166 11.231 11.296 11.361 11.426 11.491 11.556 11.621 11.686 11.751 11.816 11.881 11.946 12.011 12.076 12.141 12.206 12.271 12.336 12.400 12.465 9.184 9.247 9.310 9.374 9.437 9.500 9.564 9.627 9.691 9.755 9.819 9.883 9.947 10.011 10.075 10.139 10.203 10.268 10.332 10.396 10.461 10.525 10.590 10.655 10.719 10.784 10.849 10.914 10.978 11.043 11.108 11.173 11.238 11.303 11.368 11.433 11.498 11.563 11.628 11.693 11.758 11.823 11.888 11.953 12.018 12.083 12.147 12.212 12.277 12.342 12.407 12.472 9.191 9.254 9.317 9.380 9.443 9.507 9.570 9.634 9.697 9.761 9.825 9.889 9.953 10.017 10.081 10.145 10.210 10.274 10.338 10.403 10.467 10.532 10.596 10.661 10.726 10.790 10.855 10.920 10.985 11.050 11.115 11.179 11.244 11.309 11.374 11.439 11.504 11.569 11.634 11.699 11.764 11.829 11.894 11.959 12.024 12.089 12.154 12.219 12.284 12.349 12.413 12.478 2580 2590 2600 2610 2620 2630 2640 2650 2660 2670 2680 2690 2700 2710 2720 2730 2740 2750 2760 2770 2780 2790 2800 2810 2820 2830 2840 2850 2860 2870 2880 2890 2900 2910 2920 2930 2940 2950 2960 2970 2980 2990 3000 3010 3020 3030 3040 3050 3060 3070 3080 3090 2-10 Rosemount Inc. Table 2-2. Thermoelectric Voltage in Absolute Millivolts °F 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °F 3100 3110 3120 3130 3140 3150 3160 3170 3180 3190 3200 3210 3220 3230 3240 3250 3260 3270 3280 3290 3300 12.478 12.543 12.608 12.672 12.737 12.801 12.866 12.930 12.995 13.059 13.124 13.188 13.252 13.316 13.380 13.444 13.508 13.572 13.635 13.699 13.763 12.485 12.549 12.614 12.679 12.743 12.808 12.872 12.937 13.001 13.066 13.130 13.194 13.258 13.322 13.387 13.450 13.514 13.578 13.642 13.706 13.769 12.491 12.556 12.621 12.685 12.750 12.814 12.879 12.943 13.008 13.072 13.136 13.201 13.265 13.329 13.393 13.457 13.521 13.585 13.648 13.712 13.775 12.498 12.562 12.627 12.692 12.756 12.821 12.885 12.950 13.014 13.079 13.143 13.207 13.271 13.335 13.399 13.463 13.527 13.591 13.655 13.718 13.782 12.504 12.569 12.633 12.698 12.763 12.827 12.892 12.956 13.021 13.085 13.149 13.213 13.278 13.342 13.406 13.470 13.533 13.597 13.661 13.725 13.788 12.511 12.575 12.640 12.705 12.769 12.834 12.898 12.963 13.027 13.091 13.156 13.220 13.284 13.348 13.412 13.476 13.540 13.604 13.667 13.731 13.794 12.517 12.582 12.646 12.711 12.776 12.840 12.905 12.969 13.034 13.098 13.162 13.226 13.290 13.354 13.418 13.482 13.546 13.610 13.674 13.737 13.801 12.523 12.588 12.653 12.718 12.782 12.847 12.911 12.976 13.040 13.104 13.169 13.233 13.297 13.361 13.425 13.489 13.553 13.616 13.680 13.744 13.807 12.530 12.595 12.659 12.724 12.789 12.853 12.918 12.982 13.046 13.111 13.175 13.239 13.303 13.367 13.431 13.495 13.559 13.623 13.686 13.750 13.814 12.536 12.601 12.666 12.730 12.795 12.860 12.924 12.988 13.053 13.117 13.181 13.246 13.310 13.374 13.438 13.502 13.565 13.629 13.693 13.756 12.543 12.608 12.672 12.737 12.801 12.866 12.930 12.995 13.059 13.124 13.188 13.252 13.316 13.380 13.444 13.508 13.572 13.635 13.699 13.763 3100 3110 3120 3130 3140 3150 3160 3170 3180 3190 3200 3210 3220 3230 3240 3250 3260 3270 3280 3290 3300 T/C TYPE E THERMOELECTRIC VOLTAGE as a Function of Temperature (°C) Reference Junctions at 0 °C Reference Standard: NBS Monograph 125 and BS 4937 parts 1-7 Table 2-3. Thermoelectric Voltage in Absolute Millivolts °C 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °C -270 -260 -250 -240 -230 -220 -210 -200 -190 -180 -170 -160 -150 -140 -130 -120 -110 -100 -90 -80 -9.825 -9.797 -9.719 -9.604 -9.455 -9.274 -9.063 -8.824 -8.561 -8.273 -7.963 -7.631 -7.279 -6.907 -6.516 -6.107 -5.680 -5.237 -4.777 -4.301 -9.833 -9.791 -9.709 -9.591 -9.438 -9.254 -9.040 -8.977 -8.533 -8.243 -7.931 -7.597 -7.243 -6.869 -6.476 -6.065 -5.637 -5.191 -4.730 -4.253 -9.831 -9.784 -9.699 -9.577 -9.421 -9.234 -9.017 -8.774 -8.505 -8.213 -7.898 -7.562 -7.206 -6.830 -6.436 -6.023 -5.593 -5.146 -4.683 -4.204 -9.828 -9.777 -9.688 -9.563 -9.404 -9.214 -8.994 -8.748 -8.477 -8.183 -7.866 -7.528 -7.169 -6.792 -6.395 -5.981 -5.549 -5.100 -4.636 -4.156 -9.825 -9.770 -9.677 -9.549 -9.386 -9.193 -8.971 -8.722 -8.449 -8.152 -7.833 -7.493 -7.132 -6.753 -6.354 -5.938 -5.505 -5.055 -4.588 -4.107 -9.821 -9.762 -9.666 -9.534 -9.368 -9.172 -8.947 -8.696 -8.420 -8.121 -7.800 -7.458 -7.095 -6.714 -6.314 -5.896 -5.460 -5.009 -4.541 -4.058 -9.817 -9.754 -9.654 -9.519 -9.350 -9.151 -8.923 -8.669 -8.391 -8.090 -7.767 -7.422 -7.058 -6.675 -6.273 -5.853 -5.416 -4.963 -4.493 -4.009 -9.813 -9.746 -9.642 -9.503 -9.332 -9.129 -8.899 -8.642 -8.362 -8.058 -7.733 -7.387 -7.020 -6.635 -6.231 -5.810 -5.371 -4.916 -4.446 -3.959 -9.808 -9.737 -9.630 -9.488 -9.313 -9.107 -8.874 -8.615 -8.333 -8.027 -7.699 -7.351 -6.983 -6.596 -6.190 -5.767 -5.327 -4.870 -4.398 -3.910 -9.802 -9.728 -9.617 -9.472 -9.293 -9.085 -8.850 -8.588 -8.303 -7.995 -7.665 -7.315 -6.945 -6.556 -6.149 -5.724 -5.282 -4.824 -4.350 -3.860 -9.797 -9.719 -9.604 -9.455 -9.274 -9.063 -8.824 -8.561 -8.273 -7.963 -7.631 -7.279 -6.907 -6.516 -6.107 -5.680 -5.237 -4.777 -4.301 -3.811 -270 -260 -250 -240 -230 -220 -210 -200 -190 -180 -170 -160 -150 -140 -130 -120 -110 -100 -90 -80 2-11 Common Reference Information, Conversions, and Tables Table 2-3. Thermoelectric Voltage in Absolute Millivolts °C 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °C -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300 310 320 330 340 350 360 370 380 390 400 410 420 430 440 -3.811 -3.306 -2.787 -2.254 -1.709 -1.151 -0.581 0.000 0.591 1.192 1.801 2.419 3.047 3.683 4.329 4.983 5.646 6.317 6.996 7.683 8.377 9.078 9.787 10.501 11.222 11.949 12.681 13.419 14.161 14.909 15.661 16.417 17.178 17.942 18.710 19.481 20.256 21.033 21.814 22.597 23.383 24.171 24.961 25.754 26.549 27.345 28.143 28.943 29.744 30.546 31.350 32.155 -3.761 -3.254 -2.734 -2.200 -1.654 -1.095 -0.524 0.059 0.651 1.252 1.862 2.482 3.110 3.748 4.394 5.049 5.713 6.385 7.064 7.752 8.447 9.149 9.858 10.573 11.294 12.022 12.755 13.493 14.236 14.984 15.736 16.493 17.254 18.018 18.787 19.558 20.333 21.111 21.892 22.675 23.461 24.250 25.041 25.833 26.628 27.425 28.223 29.023 29.824 30.627 31.430 32.235 -3.711 -3.203 -2.681 -2.146 -1.599 -1.038 -0.466 0.118 0.711 1.313 1.924 2.544 3.173 3.812 4.459 5.115 5.780 6.452 7.133 7.821 8.517 9.220 9.929 10.645 11.367 12.095 12.828 13.567 14.310 15.059 15.812 16.569 17.330 18.095 18.864 19.636 20.411 21.189 21.970 22.754 23.540 24.329 25.120 25.913 26.708 27.504 28.303 29.103 29.904 30.707 31.511 32.316 -3.661 -3.152 -2.628 -2.092 -1.543 -0.982 -0.408 0.176 0.770 1.373 1.985 2.607 3.237 3.876 4.524 5.181 5.846 6.520 7.201 7.890 8.587 9.290 10.000 10.717 11.439 12.168 12.902 13.641 14.385 15.134 15.887 16.645 17.406 18.172 18.941 19.713 20.488 21.267 22.048 22.832 23.619 24.408 25.199 25.992 26.787 27.584 28.383 29.183 29.984 30.787 31.591 32.396 -3.610 -3.100 -2.575 -2.038 -1.487 -0.925 -0.350 0.235 0.830 1.434 2.047 2.669 3.300 3.941 4.590 5.247 5.913 6.588 7.270 7.960 8.657 9.361 10.072 10.789 11.512 12.241 12.975 13.715 14.460 15.209 15.963 16.721 17.483 18.248 19.018 19.790 20.566 21.345 22.127 22.911 23.698 24.487 25.278 26.072 26.867 27.664 28.463 29.263 30.065 30.868 31.672 32.477 -3.560 -3.048 -2.522 -1.983 -1.432 -0.868 -0.292 0.295 0.890 1.495 2.109 2.732 3.364 4.005 4.655 5.314 5.981 6.656 7.339 8.029 8.727 9.432 10.143 10.861 11.585 12.314 13.049 13.789 14.534 15.284 16.038 16.797 17.559 18.325 19.095 19.868 20.644 21.423 22.205 22.989 23.777 24.566 25.357 26.151 26.947 27.744 28.543 29.343 30.145 30.948 31.752 32.557 -3.509 -2.996 -2.469 -1.929 -1.376 -0.811 -0.234 0.354 0.950 1.556 2.171 2.795 3.428 4.070 4.720 5.380 6.048 6.724 7.407 8.099 8.797 9.503 10.215 10.933 11.657 12.387 13.123 13.864 14.609 15.359 16.114 16.873 17.636 18.402 19.172 19.945 20.722 21.501 22.283 23.068 23.855 24.645 25.437 26.230 27.026 27.824 28.623 29.423 30.225 31.028 31.833 32.638 -3.459 -2.944 -2.416 -1.874 -1.320 -0.754 -0.176 0.413 1.011 1.617 2.233 2.858 3.491 4.134 4.786 5.446 6.115 6.792 7.476 8.168 8.867 9.573 10.286 11.005 11.730 12.461 13.197 13.938 14.684 15.435 16.190 16.949 17.712 18.479 19.249 20.023 20.800 21.579 22.362 23.147 23.934 24.724 25.516 26.310 27.106 27.903 28.703 29.503 30.305 31.109 31.913 32.719 -3.408 -2.892 -2.362 -1.819 -1.264 -0.696 -0.117 0.472 1.071 1.678 2.295 2.921 3.555 4.199 4.852 5.513 6.182 6.860 7.545 8.238 8.938 9.644 10.358 11.077 11.803 12.534 13.271 14.012 14.759 15.510 16.266 17.025 17.789 18.556 19.326 20.100 20.877 21.657 22.440 23.225 24.013 24.803 25.595 26.389 27.186 27.983 28.783 29.584 30.386 31.189 31.994 32.799 -3.357 -2.839 -2.308 -1.764 -1.208 -0.639 -0.059 0.532 1.131 1.739 2.357 2.984 3.619 4.264 4.917 5.579 6.250 6.928 7.614 8.307 9.008 9.715 10.429 11.150 11.876 12.608 13.345 14.087 14.834 15.585 16.341 17.101 17.865 18.633 19.404 20.178 20.955 21.735 22.518 23.304 24.092 24.882 25.675 26.469 27.265 28.063 28.863 29.664 30.466 31.270 32.074 32.880 -3.306 -2.787 -2.254 -1.709 -1.151 -0.581 0.000 0.591 1.192 1.801 2.419 3.047 3.683 4.329 4.983 5.646 6.317 6.996 7.683 8.377 9.078 9.787 10.501 11.222 11.949 12.681 13.419 14.161 14.909 15.661 16.417 17.178 17.942 18.710 19.481 20.256 21.033 21.814 22.597 23.383 24.171 24.961 25.754 26.549 27.345 28.143 28.943 29.744 30.546 31.350 32.155 32.960 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300 310 320 330 340 350 360 370 380 390 400 410 420 430 440 2-12 Rosemount Inc. Table 2-3. Thermoelectric Voltage in Absolute Millivolts °C 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °C 450 460 470 480 490 500 510 520 530 540 550 560 570 580 590 600 610 620 630 640 650 660 670 680 690 700 710 720 730 740 750 760 770 780 790 800 810 820 830 840 850 860 870 880 890 900 910 920 930 940 950 960 32.960 33.767 34.574 35.382 36.190 36.999 37.808 38.617 39.426 40.236 41.045 41.853 42.662 43.470 44.278 45.085 45.891 46.697 47.502 48.306 49.109 49.911 50.713 51.513 52.312 53.110 53.907 54.703 55.498 56.291 57.083 57.873 58.663 59.451 60.237 61.022 61.806 62.588 63.368 64.147 64.924 65.700 66.473 67.245 68.015 68.783 69.549 70.313 71.075 71.835 72.593 73.350 33.041 33.848 34.655 35.463 36.271 37.080 37.889 38.698 39.507 40.316 41.125 41.934 42.743 43.551 44.358 45.165 45.972 46.777 47.582 48.386 49.189 49.992 50.793 51.593 52.392 53.190 53.987 54.782 55.577 56.370 57.162 57.952 58.742 59.529 60.316 61.101 61.884 62.666 63.446 64.225 65.002 65.777 66.551 67.322 68.092 68.860 69.626 70.390 71.151 71.911 72.669 73.425 33.122 33.928 34.736 35.544 36.352 37.161 37.970 38.779 39.588 40.397 41.206 42.015 42.824 43.632 44.439 45.246 46.052 46.858 47.663 48.467 49.270 50.072 50.873 51.673 52.472 53.270 54.066 54.862 55.656 56.449 57.241 58.031 58.820 59.608 60.394 61.179 61.962 62.744 63.524 64.303 65.080 65.855 66.628 67.399 68.169 68.936 69.702 70.466 71.227 71.987 72.745 73.501 33.202 34.009 34.816 35.624 36.433 37.242 38.051 38.860 39.669 40.478 41.287 42.096 42.904 43.712 44.520 45.327 46.133 46.938 47.743 48.547 49.350 50.152 50.953 51.753 52.552 53.350 54.146 54.941 55.736 56.529 57.320 58.110 58.899 59.687 60.473 61.258 62.041 62.822 63.602 64.380 65.157 65.932 66.705 67.476 68.246 69.013 69.779 70.542 71.304 72.063 72.820 73.576 33.283 34.090 34.897 35.705 36.514 37.323 38.132 38.941 39.750 40.559 41.368 42.177 42.985 43.793 44.601 45.407 46.213 47.019 47.824 48.627 49.430 50.232 51.033 51.833 52.632 53.429 54.226 55.021 55.815 56.608 57.399 58.189 58.978 59.765 60.551 61.336 62.119 62.900 63.680 64.458 65.235 66.009 66.782 67.553 68.323 69.090 69.855 70.618 71.380 72.139 72.896 73.652 33.364 34.170 34.978 35.786 36.595 37.403 38.213 39.022 39.831 40.640 41.449 42.258 43.066 43.874 44.681 45.488 46.294 47.099 47.904 48.708 49.510 50.312 51.113 51.913 52.711 53.509 54.305 55.100 55.894 56.687 57.478 58.268 59.057 59.844 60.630 61.414 62.197 62.978 63.758 64.536 65.312 66.087 66.859 67.630 68.399 69.166 69.931 70.694 71.456 72.215 72.972 73.727 33.444 34.251 35.059 35.867 36.675 37.484 38.293 39.103 39.912 40.721 41.530 42.339 43.147 43.955 44.762 45.569 46.375 47.180 47.984 48.788 49.591 50.392 51.193 51.993 52.791 53.589 54.385 55.180 55.974 56.766 57.557 58.347 59.136 59.923 60.708 61.493 62.275 63.056 63.836 64.614 65.390 66.164 66.937 67.707 68.476 69.243 70.008 70.771 71.532 72.290 73.047 73.802 33.525 34.332 35.140 35.948 36.756 37.565 38.374 39.184 39.993 40.802 41.611 42.419 43.228 44.035 44.843 45.649 46.455 47.260 48.065 48.868 49.671 50.472 51.273 52.073 52.871 53.668 54.464 55.259 56.053 56.845 57.636 58.426 59.214 60.001 60.787 61.571 62.353 63.134 63.914 64.691 65.467 66.241 67.014 67.784 68.553 69.320 70.084 70.847 71.608 72.366 73.123 73.878 33.605 34.413 35.220 36.029 36.837 37.646 38.455 39.264 40.074 40.883 41.692 42.500 43.308 44.116 44.923 45.730 46.536 47.341 48.145 48.949 49.751 50.553 51.353 52.152 52.951 53.748 54.544 55.339 56.132 56.924 57.715 58.505 59.293 60.080 60.865 61.649 62.432 63.212 63.992 64.769 65.545 66.319 67.091 67.861 68.630 69.396 70.161 70.923 71.683 72.442 73.199 73.953 33.686 34.493 35.301 36.109 36.918 37.727 38.536 39.345 40.155 40.964 41.773 42.581 43.389 44.197 45.004 45.811 46.616 47.421 48.226 49.029 49.831 50.633 51.433 52.232 53.031 53.828 54.623 55.418 56.212 57.004 57.794 58.584 59.372 60.159 60.944 61.728 62.510 63.290 64.069 64.847 65.622 66.396 67.168 67.938 68.706 69.473 70.237 70.999 71.759 72.518 73.274 74.029 33.767 34.574 35.382 36.190 36.999 37.808 38.617 39.426 40.236 41.045 41.853 42.662 43.470 44.278 45.085 45.891 46.697 47.502 48.306 49.109 49.911 50.713 51.513 52.312 53.110 53.907 54.703 55.498 56.291 57.083 57.873 58.663 59.451 60.237 61.022 61.806 62.588 63.368 64.147 64.924 65.700 66.473 67.245 68.015 68.783 69.549 70.313 71.075 71.835 72.593 73.350 74.104 450 460 470 480 490 500 510 520 530 540 550 560 570 580 590 600 610 620 630 640 650 660 670 680 690 700 710 720 730 740 750 760 770 780 790 800 810 820 830 840 850 860 870 880 890 900 910 920 930 940 950 960 2-13 Common Reference Information, Conversions, and Tables Table 2-3. Thermoelectric Voltage in Absolute Millivolts °C 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °C 970 980 990 74.104 74.857 75.608 74.179 74.932 75.683 74.255 75.007 75.758 74.330 75.082 75.833 74.405 75.157 75.908 74.480 75.232 75.983 74.556 75.307 76.058 74.631 75.382 76.133 74.706 75.458 76.208 74.781 75.533 76.283 74.857 75.608 76.358 970 980 990 T/C TYPE E THERMOELECTRIC VOLTAGE as a Function of Temperature (°F) Reference Junctions at 32 °F Reference Standard: NBS Monograph 125 and BS 4937 parts 1-7 Table 2-4. Thermoelectric Voltage in Absolute Millivolts °F -460 -450 -440 -430 -420 -410 -400 -390 -380 -370 -360 -350 -340 -330 -320 -310 -300 -29 -280 -270 -260 -250 -240 -230 -220 -210 -200 -190 -180 -170 -160 -150 -140 -130 -120 -110 -100 -90 2-14 0 -9.830 -9.809 -9.778 -9.729 -9.672 -9.604 -9.526 -9.437 -9.338 -9.229 -9.112 -8.986 -8.852 -8.710 -8.561 -8.404 -8.240 -8.069 -7.891 -7.707 -7.516 -7.319 -7.116 -6.907 -6.692 -6.471 -6.245 -6.013 -5.776 -5.534 -5.287 -5.034 -4.777 -4.515 -4.248 -3.976 -3.700 1 -9.829 -9.806 -9.771 -9.724 -9.666 -9.597 -9.517 -9.427 -9.327 -9.218 -9.100 -8.973 -8.838 -8.696 -8.545 -8.388 -8.223 -8.051 -7.873 -7.688 -7.497 -7.299 -7.095 -6.886 -6.670 -6.449 -6.222 -5.990 -5.752 -5.540 -5.262 -5.009 -4.751 -4.488 -4.221 -3.949 -3.672 2 -9.827 -9.803 -9.767 -9.719 -9.659 -9.589 -9.509 -9.418 -9.317 -9.207 -9.088 -8.960 -8.824 -8.681 -8.530 -8.372 -8.206 -8.034 -7.855 -7.669 -7.477 -7.279 -7.075 -6.864 -6.648 -6.427 -6.199 -5.967 -5.728 -5.485 -5.237 -4.983 -4.725 -4.462 -4.194 -3.921 -3.644 3 -9.825 -9.800 -9.762 -9.713 -9.653 -9.582 -9.500 -9.408 -9.306 -9.195 -9.075 -8.947 -8.810 -8.666 -8.514 -8.355 -8.189 -8.016 -7.837 -7.650 -7.458 -7.259 -7.054 -6.843 -6.626 -6.404 -6.176 -5.943 -5.704 -5.460 -5.212 -4.958 -4.699 -4.435 -4.167 -3.894 -3.616 4 -9.823 -9.797 -9.758 -9.708 -9.646 -9.574 -9.491 -9.398 -9.296 -9.184 -9.063 -8.934 -8.796 -8.651 -8.499 -8.339 -8.172 -7.999 -7.818 -7.631 -7.438 -7.239 -7.033 -6.822 -6.604 -6.382 -6.153 -5.919 -5.680 -5.436 -5.186 -4.932 -4.672 -4.408 -4.139 -3.866 -3.588 5 6 7 8 9 10 °F -9.821 -9.793 -9.753 -9.702 -9.639 -9.566 -9.482 -9.388 -9.285 -9.172 -9.050 -8.920 -8.782 -8.636 -8.483 -8.323 -8.155 -7.981 -7.800 -7.612 -7.418 -7.218 -7.012 -6.800 -6.582 -6.359 -6.130 -5.896 -5.656 -5.411 -5.161 -4.906 -4.646 -4.382 -4.112 -3.838 -3.560 -9.835 -9.819 -9.790 -9.749 -9.696 -9.633 -9.558 -9.473 -9.378 -9.274 -9.130 -9.038 -8.907 -8.768 -8.621 -8.468 -8.306 -8.138 -7.963 -7.781 -7.593 -7.399 -7.198 -6.991 -6.779 -6.560 -6.336 -6.107 -5.872 -5.632 -5.386 -5.136 -4.880 -4.620 -4.355 -4.085 -3.811 -3.532 -9.834 -9.817 -9.786 -9.744 -9.690 -9.626 -9.550 -9.464 -9.368 -9.263 -9.148 -9.025 -8.893 -8.754 -8.606 -8.452 -8.290 -8.121 -7.945 -7.763 -7.574 -7.379 -7.178 -6.970 -6.757 -6.538 -6.314 -6.084 -5.848 -5.607 -5.362 -5.111 -4.855 -4.594 -4.328 -4.058 -3.783 -3.504 -9.833 -9.814 -9.783 -9.739 -9.684 -9.619 -9.542 -9.455 -9.358 -9.252 -9.136 -9.012 -8.880 -8.739 -8.591 -8.436 -8.273 -8.104 -7.927 -7.744 -7.555 -7.359 -7.157 -6.949 -6.735 -6.516 -6.291 -6.060 -5.824 -5.583 -5.337 -5.085 -4.829 -4.567 -4.301 -4.031 -3.755 -3.476 -9.832 -9.812 -9.779 -9.734 -9.678 -9.611 -9.534 -9.446 -9.348 -9.241 -9.124 -8.999 -8.866 -8.725 -8.576 -8.420 -8.257 -8.086 -7.909 -7.726 -7.535 -7.339 -7.137 -6.928 -6.714 -6.494 -6.268 -6.037 -5.800 -5.559 -5.312 -5.060 -4.803 -4.541 -4.274 -4.003 -3.728 -3.447 -9.830 -9.809 -9.775 -9.729 -9.672 -9.604 -9.526 -9.437 -9.338 -9.229 -9.112 -8.986 -8.852 -8.710 -8.561 -8.404 -8.240 -8.069 -7.891 -7.707 -7.516 -7.319 -7.116 -6.907 -6.692 -6.471 -6.245 -6.013 -5.776 -5.534 -5.287 -5.034 -4.777 -4.515 -4.248 -3.976 -3.700 -3.419 -460 -450 -440 -430 -420 -410 -400 -390 -380 -370 -360 -350 -340 -330 -320 -310 -300 -290 -280 -270 -260 -250 -240 -230 -220 -210 -200 -190 -180 -170 -160 -150 -140 -130 -120 -110 -100 -90 Rosemount Inc. Table 2-4. Thermoelectric Voltage in Absolute Millivolts °F 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °F -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300 310 320 330 340 350 360 370 380 390 400 410 420 430 -3.419 -3.134 -2.845 -2.552 -2.254 -1.953 -1.648 -1.339 -1.026 -0.709 -0.389 -0.065 0.262 0.591 0.924 1.259 1.597 1.937 2.281 2.627 2.977 3.329 3.683 4.041 4.401 4.764 5.130 5.498 5.869 6.242 6.618 6.996 7.377 7.760 8.145 8.532 8.922 9.314 9.708 10.103 10.501 10.901 11.302 11.706 12.111 12.518 12.926 13.336 13.748 14.161 14.576 14.992 -3.391 -3.106 -2.816 -2.522 -2.224 -1.923 -1.617 -1.308 -0.994 -0.677 -0.357 -0.033 0.295 0.624 0.957 1.292 1.631 1.972 2.316 2.662 3.012 3.364 3.719 4.077 4.437 4.801 5.166 5.535 5.906 6.280 6.656 7.034 7.415 7.798 8.184 8.571 8.961 9.353 9.747 10.143 10.541 10.941 11.343 11.746 12.152 12.559 12.967 13.378 13.789 14.203 14.618 15.034 -3.363 -3.077 -2.787 -2.493 -2.194 -1.892 -1.586 -1.276 -0.963 -0.645 -0.324 0.000 0.327 0.658 0.990 1.326 1.665 2.006 2.350 2.697 3.047 3.399 3.755 4.113 4.474 4.837 5.203 5.572 5.943 6.317 6.693 7.072 7.453 7.837 8.222 8.610 9.000 9.392 9.787 10.183 10.581 10.981 11.383 11.787 12.192 12.599 13.008 13.419 13.831 14.244 14.659 15.076 -3.334 -3.048 -2.758 -2.463 -2.164 -1.862 -1.555 -1.245 -0.931 -0.613 -0.292 0.033 0.360 0.691 1.024 1.360 1.699 2.040 2.385 2.732 3.082 3.435 3.790 4.149 4.510 4.874 5.240 5.609 5.981 6.355 6.731 7.110 7.491 7.875 8.261 8.649 9.039 9.432 9.826 10.223 10.621 11.021 11.423 11.827 12.233 12.640 13.049 13.460 13.872 14.286 14.701 15.117 -3.306 -3.019 -2.728 -2.433 -2.134 -1.831 -1.525 -1.214 -0.900 -0.581 -0.260 0.065 0.393 0.724 1.057 1.394 1.733 2.075 2.419 2.767 3.117 3.470 3.826 4.185 4.546 4.910 5.277 5.646 6.018 6.392 6.769 7.148 7.530 7.914 8.300 8.688 9.078 9.471 9.866 10.262 10.661 11.061 11.464 11.868 12.273 12.681 13.090 13.501 13.913 14.327 14.742 15.159 -3.277 -2.990 -2.699 -2.404 -2.104 -1.801 -1.494 -1.183 -0.868 -0.549 -0.227 0.098 0.426 0.757 1.091 1.427 1.767 2.109 2.454 2.802 3.152 3.506 3.862 4.221 4.582 4.947 5.314 5.683 6.055 6.430 6.807 7.186 7.568 7.952 8.338 8.727 9.118 9.510 9.905 10.302 10.701 11.101 11.504 11.908 12.314 12.722 13.131 13.542 13.955 14.368 14.784 15.201 -3.249 -2.961 -2.670 -2.374 -2.074 -1.770 -1.463 -1.151 -0.836 -0.517 -0.195 0.131 0.459 0.790 1.124 1.461 1.801 2.143 2.489 2.837 3.187 3.541 3.898 4.257 4.619 4.983 5.350 5.720 6.092 6.467 6.845 7.224 7.606 7.991 8.377 8.766 9.157 9.550 9.945 10.342 10.741 11.142 11.544 11.949 12.355 12.763 13.172 13.583 13.996 14.410 14.826 15.243 -3.220 -2.932 -2.640 -2.344 -2.044 -1.740 -1.432 -1.120 -0.805 -0.485 -0.163 0.163 0.492 0.824 1.158 1.495 1.835 2.178 2.523 2.872 3.223 3.577 3.933 4.293 4.655 5.020 5.387 5.757 6.130 6.505 6.882 7.262 7.645 8.029 8.416 8.805 9.196 9.589 9.984 10.382 10.781 11.182 11.585 11.989 12.396 12.804 13.213 13.624 14.037 14.451 14.867 15.284 -3.192 -2.903 -2.611 -2.314 -2.014 -1.709 -1.401 -1.089 -0.773 -0.453 -0.130 0.196 0.525 0.857 1.192 1.529 1.869 2.212 2.558 2.907 3.258 3.612 3.969 4.329 4.691 5.056 5.424 5.794 6.167 6.543 6.920 7.300 7.683 8.068 8.455 8.844 9.235 9.629 10.024 10.421 10.821 11.222 11.625 12.030 12.436 12.844 13.254 13.666 14.079 14.493 14.909 15.326 -3.163 -2.874 -2.581 -2.284 -1.983 -1.678 -1.370 -1.057 -0.741 -0.421 -0.098 0.229 0.558 0.890 1.225 1.563 1.903 2.247 2.593 2.942 3.293 3.648 4.005 4.365 4.728 5.093 5.461 5.832 6.205 6.580 6.958 7.339 7.721 8.106 8.494 8.883 9.274 9.668 10.064 10.461 10.861 11.262 11.665 12.070 12.477 12.885 13.295 13.707 14.120 14.534 14.950 15.368 -3.134 -2.845 -2.552 -2.254 -1.953 -1.648 -1.339 -1.026 -0.709 -0.389 -0.065 0.262 0.591 0.924 1.259 1.597 1.937 2.281 2.627 2.977 3.329 3.683 4.041 4.401 4.764 5.130 5.498 5.869 6.242 6.618 6.996 7.377 7.760 8.145 8.532 8.922 9.314 9.708 10.103 10.501 10.901 11.302 11.706 12.111 12.518 12.926 13.336 13.748 14.161 14.576 14.992 15.410 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300 310 320 330 340 350 360 370 380 390 400 410 420 430 2-15 Common Reference Information, Conversions, and Tables Table 2-4. Thermoelectric Voltage in Absolute Millivolts °F 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °F 440 450 460 470 480 490 500 510 520 530 540 550 560 570 580 590 600 610 620 630 640 650 660 670 680 690 700 710 720 730 740 750 760 770 780 790 800 810 820 830 840 850 860 870 880 890 900 910 920 930 940 950 15.410 15.829 16.249 16.670 17.093 17.517 17.942 18.368 18.795 19.223 19.653 20.083 20.514 20.947 21.380 21.814 22.248 22.684 23.120 23.558 23.996 24.434 24.873 25.313 25.754 26.195 26.637 27.079 27.522 27.966 28.409 28.854 29.299 29.744 30.190 30.636 31.082 31.529 31.976 32.423 32.871 33.319 33.767 34.215 34.664 35.113 35.562 36.011 36.460 36.909 37.358 37.808 15.451 15.871 16.291 16.712 17.135 17.559 17.984 18.411 18.838 19.266 19.696 20.126 20.558 20.990 21.423 21.857 22.292 22.728 23.164 23.601 24.039 24.478 24.917 25.357 25.798 26.239 26.681 27.124 27.566 28.010 28.454 28.898 29.343 29.788 30.234 30.680 31.127 31.573 32.020 32.468 32.916 33.364 33.812 34.260 34.709 35.157 35.606 36.056 36.505 36.954 37.403 37.853 15.493 15.912 16.333 16.755 17.178 17.602 18.027 18.453 18.881 19.309 19.739 20.169 20.601 21.033 21.466 21.901 22.336 22.771 23.208 23.645 24.083 24.522 24.961 25.401 25.842 26.283 26.725 27.168 27.611 28.054 28.498 28.943 29.388 29.833 30.279 30.725 31.171 31.618 32.065 32.513 32.960 33.408 33.857 34.305 34.754 35.202 35.651 36.100 36.550 36.999 37.448 37.898 15.535 15.954 16.375 16.797 17.220 17.644 18.070 18.496 18.924 19.352 19.782 20.212 20.644 21.076 21.510 21.944 22.379 22.815 23.252 23.689 24.127 24.566 25.005 25.445 25.886 26.328 26.770 27.212 27.655 28.099 28.543 28.987 29.432 29.878 30.323 30.769 31.216 31.663 32.110 32.557 33.005 33.453 33.901 34.350 34.798 35.247 35.696 36.145 36.595 37.044 37.493 37.943 15.577 15.996 16.417 16.839 17.262 17.687 18.112 18.539 18.966 19.395 19.825 20.256 20.687 21.120 21.553 21.987 22.423 22.859 23.295 23.733 24.171 24.610 25.049 25.490 25.930 26.372 26.814 27.256 27.699 28.143 28.587 29.032 29.477 29.922 30.368 30.814 31.261 31.707 32.155 32.602 33.050 33.498 33.946 34.395 34.843 35.292 35.741 36.190 36.640 37.089 37.538 37.988 15.619 16.038 16.459 16.881 17.305 17.729 18.155 18.581 19.009 19.438 19.868 20.299 20.730 21.163 21.597 22.031 22.466 22.902 23.339 23.777 24.15 24.6554 25.093 25.534 25.74 26.416 26.858 27.301 27.744 28.187 28.632 29.076 29.521 29.967 30.412 30.859 31.305 31.752 32.199 32.647 33.095 33.543 33.991 34.440 34.888 35.337 35.786 36.235 36.684 37.134 37.583 38.033 15.661 16.080 16.501 16.924 17.347 17.772 18.197 18.624 19.052 19.481 19.911 20.342 20.774 21.206 21.640 22.074 22.510 22.946 23.383 23.820 24.259 24.698 25.137 25.578 26.019 26.460 26.902 27.345 27.788 28.232 28.676 29.121 29.566 30.011 30.457 30.903 31.350 31.797 32.244 32.692 33.140 33.588 34.036 34.484 34.933 35.382 35.831 36.280 36.729 37.179 37.628 38.078 15.703 16.123 16.544 16.966 17.389 17.814 18.240 18.667 19.095 19.524 19.954 20.385 20.817 21.250 21.683 22.118 22.553 22.989 23.426 23.864 24.302 24.742 25.181 25.622 26.063 26.504 26.947 27.389 27.832 28.276 28.720 29.165 29.610 30.056 30.502 30.948 31.395 31.842 32.289 32.736 33.184 33.632 34.081 34.529 34.978 35.427 35.876 36.325 36.774 37.224 37.673 38.123 15.745 16.165 16.586 17.008 17.432 17.857 18.283 18.710 19.138 19.567 19.997 20.428 20.860 21.293 21.727 22.161 22.597 23.033 23.470 23.908 24.346 24.786 25.225 25.666 26.107 26.549 26.991 27.434 27.877 28.321 28.765 29.210 29.655 30.100 30.546 30.993 31.439 31.886 32.334 32.781 33.229 33.677 34.126 34.574 35.023 35.472 35.921 36.370 36.819 37.269 37.718 38.168 15.787 16.207 16.628 17.051 17.474 17.899 18.325 18.752 19.181 19.610 20.040 20.471 20.903 21.336 21.770 22.205 22.640 23.077 23.514 23.952 24.390 24.829 25.269 25.710 26.151 26.593 27.035 27.478 27.921 28.365 28.809 29.254 29.699 30.145 30.591 31.037 31.484 31.931 32.378 32.826 33.274 33.722 34.170 34.619 35.068 35.517 35.966 36.415 36.864 37.314 37.763 38.213 15.829 16.249 16.670 17.093 17.517 17.942 18.368 18.795 19.223 19.653 20.083 20.514 20.947 21.380 21.814 22.248 22.684 23.120 23.558 23.996 24.434 24.873 25.313 25.754 26.195 26.637 27.079 27.522 27.966 28.409 28.854 29.299 29.744 30.190 30.636 31.082 31.529 31.976 32.423 32.871 33.319 33.767 34.215 34.664 35.113 35.562 36.011 36.460 36.909 37.358 37.808 38.257 440 450 460 470 480 490 500 510 520 530 540 550 560 570 580 590 600 610 620 630 640 650 660 670 680 690 700 710 720 730 740 750 760 770 780 790 800 810 820 830 840 850 860 870 880 890 900 910 920 930 940 950 2-16 Rosemount Inc. Table 2-4. Thermoelectric Voltage in Absolute Millivolts °F 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °F 960 970 980 990 1000 1010 1020 1030 1040 1050 1060 1070 1080 1090 1100 1110 1120 1130 1140 1150 1160 1170 1180 1190 1200 1210 1220 1230 1240 1250 1260 1270 1280 1290 1300 1310 1320 1330 1340 1350 1360 1370 1380 1390 1400 1410 1420 1430 1440 1450 1460 1470 38.257 38.707 39.157 39.606 40.056 40.505 40.955 41.404 41.853 42.303 42.752 43.201 43.650 44.098 44.547 44.995 45.443 45.891 46.339 46.786 47.234 47.681 48.127 48.574 49.020 49.466 49.911 50.357 50.802 51.246 51.691 52.135 52.578 53.022 53.465 53.907 54.349 54.791 55.233 55.674 56.115 56.555 56.995 57.434 57.873 58.312 58.750 59.188 59.626 60.063 60.499 60.935 38.302 38.752 39.202 39.651 40.101 40.550 41.000 41.449 41.898 42.348 42.797 43.246 43.694 44.143 44.592 45.040 45.488 45.936 46.384 46.831 47.278 47.725 48.172 48.618 49.065 49.510 49.956 50.401 50.846 51.291 51.735 52.179 52.623 53.066 53.509 53.951 54.394 54.835 55.277 55.718 56.159 56.599 57.039 57.478 57.917 58.356 58.794 59.232 59.669 60.106 60.543 60.979 38.347 38.797 39.247 39.696 40.146 40.595 41.045 41.494 41.943 42.392 42.842 43.290 43.739 44.188 44.636 45.085 45.533 45.981 46.428 46.876 47.323 47.770 48.217 48.663 49.109 49.555 50.001 50.446 50.891 51.335 51.780 52.223 52.667 53.110 53.553 53.996 54.438 54.880 55.321 55.762 56.203 56.643 57.083 57.522 57.961 58.400 58.838 59.276 59.713 60.150 60.586 61.022 38.392 38.842 39.291 39.741 40.191 40.640 41.090 41.539 41.988 42.437 42.886 43.335 43.784 44.233 44.681 45.130 45.578 46.025 46.473 46.921 47.368 47.815 48.261 48.708 49.154 49.600 50.045 50.490 50.935 51.380 51.824 52.268 52.711 53.155 53.597 54.040 54.482 54.924 55.365 55.806 56.247 56.687 57.127 57.566 58.005 58.444 58.882 59.319 59.757 60.194 60.630 61.066 38.437 38.887 39.336 39.786 40.236 40.685 41.134 41.584 42.033 42.482 42.931 43.380 43.829 44.278 44.726 45.174 45.622 46.070 46.518 46.965 47.412 47.859 48.306 48.752 49.198 49.644 50.090 50.535 50.980 51.424 51.868 52.312 52.756 53.199 53.642 54.084 54.526 54.968 55.409 55.850 56.291 56.731 57.171 57.610 58.049 58.487 58.926 59.363 59.800 60.237 60.674 61.109 38.482 38.932 39.381 39.831 40.280 40.730 41.179 41.629 42.078 42.527 42.976 43.425 43.874 44.322 44.771 45.219 45.667 46.115 46.563 47.010 47.457 47.904 48.351 48.797 49.243 49.689 50.134 50.579 51.024 51.469 51.913 52.357 52.800 53.243 53.686 54.128 54.570 55.012 55.453 55.894 56.335 56.775 57.215 57.654 58.093 58.531 58.969 59.407 59.844 60.281 60.717 61.153 38.527 38.977 39.426 39.876 40.325 40.775 41.224 41.674 42.123 42.572 43.021 43.470 43.919 44.367 44.816 45.264 45.712 46.160 46.607 47.055 47.502 47.949 48.395 48.842 49.288 49.733 50.179 50.624 51.069 51.513 51.957 52.401 52.844 53.288 53.730 54.173 54.615 55.056 55.498 55.938 56.379 56.819 57.259 57.698 58.137 58.575 59.013 59.451 59.888 60.325 60.761 61.197 38.572 39.022 39.471 39.921 40.370 40.820 41.269 41.719 42.168 42.617 43.066 43.515 43.964 44.412 44.861 45.309 45.757 46.205 46.652 47.099 47.546 47.993 48.440 48.886 49.332 49.778 50.223 50.668 51.113 51.557 52.002 52.445 52.889 53.332 53.774 54.217 54.659 55.100 55.542 55.982 56.423 56.863 57.303 57.742 58.181 58.619 59.057 59.494 59.932 60.368 60.804 61.240 38.617 39.067 39.516 39.966 40.415 40.865 41.314 41.764 42.213 42.662 43.111 43.560 44.008 44.457 44.905 45.354 45.802 46.249 46.697 47.144 47.591 48.038 48.484 48.931 49.377 49.822 50.268 50.713 51.157 51.602 52.046 52.490 52.933 53.376 53.819 54.261 54.703 55.145 55.586 56.026 56.467 56.907 57.346 57.786 58.224 58.663 59.101 59.538 59.975 60.412 60.848 61.284 38.662 39.112 39.561 40.011 40.460 40.910 41.359 41.808 42.258 42.707 43.156 43.605 44.053 44.502 44.950 45.398 45.846 46.294 46.742 47.189 47.636 48.083 48.529 48.975 49.421 49.867 50.312 50.757 51.202 51.646 52.090 52.534 52.977 53.420 53.863 54.305 54.747 55.189 55.630 56.071 56.511 56.951 57.390 57.830 58.268 58.707 59.144 59.582 60.019 60.455 60.892 61.327 38.707 39.157 39.606 40.056 40.505 40.955 41.404 41.853 42.303 42.752 43.201 43.650 44.098 44.547 44.995 45.443 45.891 46.339 46.786 47.234 47.681 48.127 48.574 49.020 49.466 49.911 50.357 50.802 51.246 51.691 52.135 52.578 53.022 53.465 53.907 54.349 54.791 55.233 55.674 56.115 56.555 56.995 57.434 57.873 58.312 58.750 59.188 59.626 60.063 60.499 60.935 61.371 960 970 980 990 1000 1010 1020 1030 1040 1050 1060 1070 1080 1090 1100 1110 1120 1130 1140 1150 1160 1170 1180 1190 1200 1210 1220 1230 1240 1250 1260 1270 1280 1290 1300 1310 1320 1330 1340 1350 1360 1370 1380 1390 1400 1410 1420 1430 1440 1450 1460 1470 2-17 Common Reference Information, Conversions, and Tables Table 2-4. Thermoelectric Voltage in Absolute Millivolts °F 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °F 1480 1490 1500 1510 1520 1530 1540 1550 1560 1570 1580 1590 1600 1610 1620 1630 1640 1650 1660 1670 1680 1690 1700 1710 1720 1730 1740 1750 1760 1770 1780 1790 1800 1810 1820 1830 61.371 61.806 62.240 62.675 63.108 63.542 63.974 64.406 64.838 65.269 65.700 66.130 66.559 66.988 67.416 67.844 68.271 68.698 69.124 69.549 69.974 70.398 70.821 71.244 71.667 72.088 72.509 72.930 73.350 73.769 74.188 74.606 75.024 75.441 75.858 76.274 61.414 61.849 62.284 62.718 63.152 63.585 64.017 64.450 64.881 65.312 65.743 66.173 66.602 67.031 67.459 67.887 68.314 68.740 69.166 69.592 70.016 70.440 70.864 71.287 71.709 72.130 72.551 72.972 73.392 73.811 74.229 74.648 75.065 75.483 75.899 76.316 61.458 61.893 62.327 62.761 63.195 63.658 64.061 64.493 64.924 65.355 65.786 66.216 66.645 67.074 67.502 67.930 68.357 68.783 69.209 69.634 70.059 70.483 70.906 71.329 71.751 72.173 72.593 73.014 73.434 73.853 74.271 74.689 75.107 75.524 75.941 76.358 61.501 61.936 62.371 62.805 63.238 63.671 64.104 64.536 64.967 65.398 65.829 66.259 66.688 67.117 67.545 67.972 68.399 68.826 69.251 69.677 70.101 70.525 70.948 71.371 71.793 72.215 72.635 73.056 73.475 73.895 74.313 74.731 75.149 75.566 75.983 61.545 61.980 62.414 62.848 63.282 63.715 64.147 64.579 65.011 65.441 65.872 66.302 66.731 67.159 67.588 68.015 68.442 68.868 69.294 69.719 70.144 70.567 70.991 71.413 71.835 72.257 72.678 73.098 73.517 73.936 74.355 74.773 75.191 75.608 76.024 61.588 62.023 62.458 62.892 63.325 63.758 64.190 64.622 65.054 65.484 65.915 66.345 66.774 67.202 67.630 68.058 68.485 68.911 69.337 69.762 70.186 70.610 71.033 71.456 71.878 72.299 72.720 73.140 73.559 73.978 74.397 74.815 75.232 75.649 76.066 61.632 62.067 62.501 62.935 63.368 63.801 64.234 64.665 65.097 65.528 65.958 66.387 66.817 67.245 67.673 68.101 68.527 68.953 69.379 69.804 70.228 70.652 71.075 71.498 71.920 72.341 72.762 73.182 73.601 74.020 74.439 74.857 75.274 75.691 76.108 61.675 62.110 62.44 62.978 63.412 63.844 64.277 64.709 65.140 65.571 66.001 66.430 66.859 67.288 67.716 68.143 68.570 68.996 69.422 69.847 70.271 70.694 71.118 71.540 71.962 72.383 72.804 73.224 73.643 74.062 74.480 74.898 75.316 75.733 76.149 61.719 62.154 62.588 63.022 63.455 63.888 64.320 64.752 65.183 65.614 66.044 66.473 66.902 67.331 67.759 68.186 68.613 69.039 69.464 69.889 70.313 70.737 71.160 71.582 72.004 72.425 72.846 73.266 73.685 74.104 74.522 74.940 75.357 75.774 76.191 61.762 62.197 62.631 63.065 63.498 63.931 64.363 64.795 65.226 65.657 66.087 66.516 66.945 67.374 67.801 68.229 68.655 69.081 69.507 69.931 70.356 70.779 71.202 71.624 72.046 72.467 72.888 73.308 73.727 74.146 74.564 74.982 75.399 75.816 76.233 61.806 62.240 62.675 63.108 63.542 63.974 64.406 64.838 65.269 65.700 66.130 66.559 66.988 67.416 67.844 68.271 68.698 69.124 69.549 69.974 70.398 70.821 71.244 71.667 72.088 72.509 72.930 73.350 73.769 74.188 74.606 75.024 75.441 75.858 76.274 1480 1490 1500 1510 1520 1530 1540 1550 1560 1570 1580 1590 1600 1610 1620 1630 1640 1650 1660 1670 1680 1690 1700 1710 1720 1730 1740 1750 1760 1770 1780 1790 1800 1810 1820 1830 T/C TYPE JTHERMOELECTRIC VOLTAGE as a Function of Temperature (°C) Reference Junctions at 0 °C Reference Standard: NBS Monograph 125 and BS 4937 parts 1-7 Table 2-5. Thermoelectric Voltage in Absolute Millivolts °C 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °C -210 -200 -190 -180 -170 -8.096 -7.890 -7.659 -7.402 -7.122 -8.076 -7.868 -7.634 -7.375 -7.093 -8.057 -7.846 -7.609 -7.348 -7.064 -8.037 -7.824 -7.584 -7.321 -7.034 -8.017 -7.801 -7.559 -7.293 -7.004 -7.996 -7.778 -7.533 -7.265 -6.974 -7.976 -7.755 -7.508 -7.237 -6.944 -7.955 -7.731 -7.482 -7.209 -6.914 -7.934 -7.707 -7.455 -7.180 -6.883 -7.912 -7.683 -7.429 -7.151 -6.852 -7.890 -7.659 -7.402 -7.122 -6.821 -210 -200 -190 -180 -170 2-18 Rosemount Inc. Table 2-5. Thermoelectric Voltage in Absolute Millivolts °C 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °C -160 -150 -140 -130 -120 -110 -100 -90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300 310 320 330 340 350 -6.821 -6.499 -6.159 -5.801 -5.426 -5.036 -4.632 -4.215 -3.785 -3.344 -2.892 -2.431 -1.960 -1.481 -0.995 -0.501 0.000 0.507 1.019 1.536 2.058 2.585 3.115 3.649 4.186 4.725 5.268 5.812 6.359 6.907 7.457 8.008 8.560 9.113 9.667 10.222 10.777 11.332 11.887 12.442 12.998 13.553 14.108 14.663 15.217 15.771 16.325 16.879 17.432 17.984 18.537 19.089 -6.790 -6.466 -6.124 -5.764 -5.388 -4.996 -4.591 -4.172 -3.742 -3.299 -2.847 -2.384 -1.913 -1.433 -0.945 -0.451 0.050 0.558 1.070 1.588 2.111 2.638 3.168 3.702 4.239 4.780 5.322 5.867 6.414 6.962 7.512 8.063 8.616 9.169 9.723 10.277 10.832 11.387 11.943 12.498 13.053 13.608 14.163 14.718 15.273 15.827 16.380 16.934 17.487 18.039 18.592 19.144 -6.758 -6.433 -6.089 -5.727 -5.349 -4.956 -4.550 -4.130 -3.698 -3.255 -2.801 -2.338 -1.865 -1.385 -0.896 -0.401 0.101 0.609 1.122 1.640 2.163 2.691 3.221 3.756 4.293 4.834 5.376 5.921 6.468 7.017 7.567 8.118 8.671 9.224 9.778 10.333 10.888 11.443 11.998 12.553 13.109 13.664 14.219 14.774 15.328 15.882 16.436 16.989 17.542 18.095 18.647 19.199 -6.727 -6.399 -6.053 -5.690 -5.311 -4.916 -4.508 -4.087 -3.654 -3.210 -2.755 -2.291 -1.818 -1.336 -0.847 -0.351 0.151 0.660 1.174 1.693 2.216 2.743 3.275 3.809 4.347 4.888 5.431 5.976 6.523 7.072 7.622 8.174 8.726 9.279 9.834 10.388 10.943 11.498 12.054 12.609 13.164 13.719 14.274 14.829 15.383 15.938 16.491 17.044 17.597 18.150 18.702 19.254 -6.695 -6.365 -6.018 -5.653 -5.272 -4.876 -4.467 -4.044 -3.610 -3.165 -2.709 -2.244 -1.770 -1.288 -0.798 -0.301 0.202 0.711 1.225 1.745 2.268 2.796 3.328 3.863 4.401 4.942 5.485 6.031 6.578 7.127 7.677 8.229 8.781 9.335 9.889 10.444 10.999 11.554 12.109 12.664 13.220 13.775 14.330 14.885 15.439 15.993 16.547 17.100 17.653 18.205 18.757 19.309 -6.663 -6.331 -5.982 -5.615 -5.233 -4.836 -4.425 -4.001 -3.566 -3.120 -2.663 -2.197 -1.722 -1.239 -0.748 -0.251 0.153 0.762 1.277 1.797 2.321 2.849 3.381 3.917 4.455 4.996 5.540 6.085 6.633 7.182 7.732 8.284 8.837 9.390 9.944 10.499 11.054 11.609 12.165 12.720 13.275 13.830 14.385 14.940 15.494 16.048 16.602 17.155 17.708 18.260 18.813 19.364 -6.630 -6.297 -5.946 -5.578 -5.194 -4.795 -4.383 -3.958 -3.522 -3.074 -2.617 -2.150 -1.674 -1.190 -0.699 -0.201 0.303 0.813 1.329 1.849 2.374 2.902 3.435 3.971 4.509 5.050 5.594 6.140 6.688 7.237 7.787 8.339 8.892 9.446 10.000 10.555 11.110 11.665 12.220 12.776 13.331 13.886 14.441 14.995 15.550 16.104 16.657 17.210 17.763 18.316 18.868 19.420 -6.598 -6.263 -5.910 -5.540 -5.155 -4.755 -4.341 -3.915 -3.478 -3.029 -2.570 -2.102 -1.626 -1.141 -0.650 -0.151 0.354 0.865 1.381 1.901 2.426 2.956 3.488 4.024 4.563 5.105 5.649 6.195 6.742 7.292 7.843 8.394 8.947 9.501 10.055 10.610 11.165 11.720 12.276 12.831 13.386 13.941 14.496 15.051 15.605 16.159 16.713 17.266 17.818 18.371 18.923 19.475 -6.565 -6.228 -5.874 -5.502 -5.115 -4.714 -4.299 -3.872 -3.433 -2.984 -2.524 -2.055 -1.578 -1.093 -0.600 -0.101 0.405 0.916 1.432 1.954 2.479 3.009 3.542 4.078 4.617 5.159 5.703 6.249 6.797 7.347 7.898 8.450 9.003 9.556 10.111 10.666 11.221 11.776 12.331 12.887 13.442 13.997 14.552 15.106 15.661 16.214 16.768 17.321 17.874 18.426 18.978 19.530 -6.532 -6.194 -5.837 -5.464 -5.076 -4.673 -4.257 -3.829 -3.389 -2.938 -2.478 -2.008 -1.530 -1.044 -0.550 -0.050 0.456 0.867 1.484 2.006 2.532 3.062 3.595 4.132 4.671 5.213 5.758 6.304 6.852 7.402 7.953 8.505 9.058 9.612 10.166 10.721 11.276 11.831 12.387 12.942 13.497 14.052 14.607 15.162 15.716 16.270 16.823 17.376 17.929 18.481 19.033 19.585 -6.499 -6.159 -5.801 -5.426 -5.036 -4.632 -4.215 -3.785 -3.344 -2.892 -2.431 -1.960 -1.481 -0.995 -0.501 0.000 0.507 1.019 1.536 2.058 2.585 3.115 3.649 4.186 4.725 5.268 5.812 6.359 6.907 7.457 8.008 8.560 9.113 9.667 10.222 10.777 11.332 11.887 12.442 12.998 13.553 14.108 14.663 15.217 15.771 16.325 16.879 17.432 17.984 18.537 19.089 19.640 -160 -150 -140 -130 -120 -110 -100 -90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300 310 320 330 340 350 2-19 Common Reference Information, Conversions, and Tables Table 2-5. Thermoelectric Voltage in Absolute Millivolts °C 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °C 360 370 380 390 400 410 420 430 440 450 460 470 480 490 500 510 520 530 540 550 560 570 580 590 600 610 620 630 640 650 660 670 680 690 700 710 720 730 740 750 19.640 20.192 20.743 21.295 21.846 22.397 22.949 23.501 24.054 24.607 25.161 25.716 26.272 26.829 27.388 27.949 28.511 29.075 29.642 30.210 30.782 31.356 31.933 32.513 33.096 33.683 34.273 34.867 35.464 36.066 36.671 37.280 37.893 38.510 39.130 39.754 40.382 41.013 41.647 42.283 19.695 20.247 20.798 21.350 21.901 22.453 23.004 23.556 24.109 24.662 25.217 25.772 26.328 26.885 27.444 28.005 28.567 29.132 29.698 30.267 30.839 31.413 31.991 32.571 33.155 33.742 34.332 34.926 35.524 36.126 36.732 37.341 37.954 38.572 39.192 39.817 40.445 41.076 41.710 42.347 19.751 20.302 20.853 21.405 21.956 22.508 23.060 23.612 24.164 24.718 25.272 25.827 26.383 26.941 27.500 28.061 28.624 29.188 29.755 30.324 30.896 31.471 32.048 32.629 33.213 33.800 34.391 34.986 35.584 36.186 36.792 37.402 38.016 38.633 39.255 39.880 40.508 41.139 41.774 42.411 19.806 20.357 20.909 21.460 22.011 22.863 23.115 23.667 24.220 24.773 25.327 25.883 26.439 26.997 27.556 28.117 28.680 29.245 29.812 30.381 30.954 31.528 32.106 32.687 33.272 33.859 34.451 35.046 35.644 36.247 36.853 37.463 38.078 38.695 39.317 39.942 40.571 41.203 41.837 42.475 19.861 20.412 20.964 21.515 22.066 22.618 23.170 23.722 24.275 24.829 25.383 25.938 26.495 27.053 27.612 28.173 28.736 29.301 29.869 30.439 31.011 31.586 32.164 32.746 33.330 33.918 34.510 35.105 35.704 36.307 36.914 37.525 38.139 38.757 39.379 40.005 40.634 41.266 41.901 42.538 19.916 20.467 21.019 21.570 22.122 22.673 23.225 23.777 24.330 24.884 25.438 25.994 26.551 27.109 27.668 28.230 28.793 29.358 29.926 30.496 31.068 31.644 32.222 32.804 33.389 33.977 34.569 35.165 35.764 36.368 36.975 37.586 38.201 38.819 39.442 40.068 40.697 41.329 41.965 42.602 19.971 20.523 21.074 21.625 22.177 22.728 23.280 23.833 24.386 24.939 25.494 26.050 26.606 27.165 27.724 28.286 28.849 29.415 29.983 30.553 31.126 31.702 32.280 32.862 33.448 34.036 34.629 35.225 35.825 36.428 37.036 37.647 38.262 38.882 39.504 40.131 40.760 41.393 42.028 42.666 20.026 20.578 21.129 21.680 22.232 22.784 23.336 23.888 24.441 24.995 25.549 26.105 26.662 27.220 27.780 28.342 28.906 29.471 30.039 30.610 31.183 31.759 32.338 32.921 33.506 34.095 34.688 35.285 35.885 36.489 37.097 37.709 38.324 38.944 39.567 40.193 40.823 41.456 42.092 42.730 20.081 20.633 21.184 21.736 22.287 22.839 23.391 23.943 24.496 25.050 25.605 26.161 26.718 27.276 27.836 28.398 28.962 29.528 30.096 30.667 31.241 31.817 32.396 32.979 33.565 34.155 34.748 35.344 35.945 36.549 37.158 37.770 38.386 39.006 39.629 40.256 40.886 41.520 42.156 42.794 20.137 20.688 21.239 21.791 22.342 22.894 23.446 23.999 24.552 25.106 25.661 26.216 26.774 27.332 27.893 28.455 29.019 29.585 30.153 30.724 31.298 31.875 32.455 33.038 33.624 34.214 34.807 35.404 36.005 36.610 37.219 37.831 38.448 39.068 39.692 40.319 40.950 41.583 42.219 42.858 20.192 20.743 21.295 21.846 22.397 22.949 23.501 24.054 24.607 25.161 25.716 26.272 26.829 27.388 27.949 28.511 29.075 29.642 30.210 30.782 31.356 31.933 32.513 33.096 33.683 34.273 34.867 35.464 36.066 36.671 37.280 37.893 38.510 39.130 39.754 40.382 41.013 41.647 42.283 42.922 360 370 380 390 400 410 420 430 440 450 460 470 480 490 500 510 520 530 540 550 560 570 580 590 600 610 620 630 640 650 660 670 680 690 700 710 720 730 740 750 2-20 Rosemount Inc. T/C TYPE J THERMOELECTRIC VOLTAGE as a Function of Temperature (°F) Reference Junctions at 32 °F Reference Standard: NBS Monograph 125 and BS 4937 parts 1-7 Table 2-6. Thermoelectric Voltage in Absolute Millivolts °F -350 -340 -330 -320 -310 -300 -290 -280 -270 -260 -250 -240 -230 -220 -210 -200 -190 -180 -170 -160 -150 -140 -130 -120 -110 -100 -90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 0 -8.030 -7.915 -7.791 -7.659 -7.519 -7.372 -7.218 -7.057 -6.890 -6.716 -6.536 -6.350 -6.159 -5.962 -5.760 -5.553 -5.341 -5.124 -4.903 -4.678 -4.448 -4.215 -3.978 -3.737 -3.492 -3.245 -2.994 -2.740 -2.483 -2.223 -1.960 -1.695 -1.428 -1.158 -0.885 -0.611 -0.334 -0.056 0.224 0.507 0.791 1.076 1.363 1.652 1 -8.019 -7.903 -7.778 -7.645 -7.505 -7.357 -7.202 -7.041 -6.873 -6.698 -6.518 -6.331 -6.139 -5.942 -5.739 -5.532 -5.319 -5.102 -4.881 -4.655 -4.425 -4.191 -3.954 -3.712 -3.468 -3.220 -2.968 -2.714 -2.457 -2.197 -1.934 -1.669 -1.401 -1.131 -0.858 -0.583 -0.307 -0.028 0.253 0.535 0.819 1.105 1.392 1.681 2 -8.008 -7.890 -7.765 -7.631 -7.490 -7.342 -7.187 -7.024 -6.856 -6.680 -6.499 -6.312 -6.120 -5.922 -5.719 -5.511 -5.298 -5.080 -4.858 -4.632 -4.402 -4.168 -3.930 -3.688 -3.443 -3.195 -2.943 -2.689 -2.431 -2.171 -1.908 -1.642 -1.374 -1.103 -0.831 -0.556 -0.279 0.000 0.281 0.563 0.848 1.134 1.421 1.710 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °F -7.996 -7.878 -7.752 -7.618 -7.476 -7.327 -7.171 -7.008 -6.838 -6.663 -6.481 -6.293 -6.100 -5.902 -5.698 -5.490 -5.276 -5.058 -4.836 -4.609 -4.379 -4.144 -3.906 -3.664 -3.418 -3.170 -2.918 -2.663 -2.405 -2.144 -1.881 -1.615 -1.347 -1.076 -0.803 -0.528 -0.251 0.028 0.309 0.592 0.876 1.162 1.450 1.739 -8.096 -7.985 -7.866 -7.739 -7.604 -7.461 -7.311 -7.155 -6.991 -6.821 -6.645 -6.462 -6.274 -6.081 -5.882 -5.678 -5.468 -5.255 -5.036 -4.813 -4.586 -4.355 -4.120 -3.882 -3.639 -3.394 -3.145 -2.892 -2.637 -2.379 -2.118 -1.855 -1.589 -1.320 -1.049 -0.776 -0.501 -0.223 0.056 0.337 0.620 0.905 1.191 1.479 1.768 -8.085 -7.973 -7.854 -7.726 -7.590 -7.447 -7.296 -7.139 -6.974 -6.804 -6.627 -6.444 -6.255 -6.061 -5.861 -5.657 -5.447 -5.233 -5.014 -4.791 -4.563 -4.332 -4.097 -3.858 -3.615 -3.369 -3.120 -2.867 -2.612 -2.353 -2.092 -1.828 -1.562 -1.293 -1.022 -0.748 -0.473 -0.195 0.084 0.365 0.648 0.933 1.220 1.507 1.797 -8.074 -7.962 -7.841 -7.712 -7.576 -7.432 -7.281 -7.122 -6.958 -6.786 -6.609 -6.425 -6.236 -6.041 -5.841 -5.636 -5.426 -5.211 -4.992 -4.768 -4.540 -4.309 -4.073 -3.833 -3.590 -3.344 -3.094 -2.842 -2.586 -2.327 -2.066 -1.802 -1.535 -1.266 -0.995 -0.721 -0.445 -0.168 0.112 0.394 0.677 0.962 1.248 1.536 1.826 -8.063 -7.950 -7.829 -7.699 -7.562 -7.417 -7.265 -7.106 -6.941 -6.769 -6.591 -6.407 -6.217 -6.022 -5.821 -5.615 -5.405 -5.190 -4.970 -4.746 -4.517 -4.285 -4.049 -3.809 -3.566 -3.319 -3.069 -2.816 -2.560 -2.301 -2.039 -1.775 -1.508 -1.239 -0.967 -0.694 -0.418 -0.140 0.140 0.422 0.705 0.990 1.277 1.565 1.855 -8.052 -7.938 -7.816 -7.686 -7.548 -7.402 -7.250 -7.090 -6.924 -6.751 -6.572 -6.388 -6.198 -6.002 -5.801 -5.594 -5.383 -5.168 -4.948 -4.723 -4.494 -4.262 -4.025 -3.785 -3.541 -3.294 -3.044 -2.791 -2.534 -2.275 -2.013 -1.748 -1.481 -1.212 -0.940 -0.666 -0.390 -0.112 0.168 0.450 0.734 1.019 1.306 1.594 1.884 -8.041 -7.927 -7.803 -7.672 -7.533 -7.387 -7.234 -7.074 -6.907 -6.734 -6.554 -6.369 -6.178 -5.982 -5.780 -5.574 -5.362 -5.146 -4.925 -4.700 -4.471 -4.238 -4.001 -3.761 -3.517 -3.270 -3.019 -2.765 -2.509 -2.249 -1.987 -1.722 -1.455 -1.185 -0.913 -0.639 -0.362 -0.084 0.196 0.478 0.762 1.048 1.335 1.623 1.913 -8.030 -7.915 -7.791 -7.659 -7.519 -7.372 -7.218 -7.057 -6.890 -6.716 -6.536 -6.350 -6.159 -5.962 -5.760 -5.553 -5.341 -5.124 -4.903 -4.678 -4.448 -4.215 -3.978 -3.737 -3.492 -3.245 -2.994 -2.740 -2.483 -2.223 -1.960 -1.695 -1.428 -1.158 -0.885 -0.611 -0.334 -0.056 0.224 0.507 0.791 1.076 1.363 1.652 1.942 -350 -340 -330 -320 -310 -300 -290 -280 -270 -260 -250 -240 -230 -220 -210 -200 -190 -180 -170 -160 -150 -140 -130 -120 -110 -100 -90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 2-21 Common Reference Information, Conversions, and Tables Table 2-6. Thermoelectric Voltage in Absolute Millivolts °F 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °F 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300 310 320 330 340 350 360 370 380 390 400 410 420 430 440 450 460 470 480 490 500 510 520 530 540 550 560 570 580 590 600 610 1.942 2.233 2.526 2.820 3.115 3.411 3.708 4.006 4.305 4.605 4.906 5.207 5.509 5.812 6.116 6.420 6.724 7.029 7.335 7.641 7.947 8.253 8.560 8.867 9.175 9.483 9.790 10.098 10.407 10.715 11.023 11.332 11.640 11.949 12.257 12.566 12.874 13.183 13.491 13.800 14.108 14.416 14.724 15.032 15.340 15.648 15.956 16.264 16.571 16.879 17.186 17.493 1.971 2.263 2.555 2.849 3.145 3.441 3.738 4.036 4.335 4.635 4.936 5.238 5.540 5.843 6.146 6.450 6.755 7.060 7.365 7.671 7.977 8.284 8.591 8.898 9.206 9.513 9.821 10.129 10.437 10.746 11.054 11.363 11.671 11.980 12.288 12.597 12.905 13.214 13.522 13.830 14.139 14.447 14.755 15.063 15.371 15.679 15.987 16.294 16.602 16.909 17.217 17.524 2.000 2.292 2.585 2.879 3.174 3.470 3.768 4.066 4.365 4.665 4.966 5.268 5.570 5.873 6.176 6.481 6.785 7.090 7.396 7.702 8.008 8.315 8.622 8.929 9.236 9.544 9.852 10.160 10.468 10.777 11.085 11.393 11.702 12.010 12.319 12.627 12.936 13.244 13.553 13.861 14.170 14.478 14.786 15.094 15.402 15.710 16.018 16.325 16.633 16.940 17.247 17.554 2.029 2.321 2.614 2.908 3.204 3.500 3.798 4.096 4.395 4.695 4.996 5.298 5.600 5.903 6.207 6.511 6.816 7.121 7.426 7.732 8.039 8.345 8.652 8.960 9.267 9.575 9.883 10.191 10.499 10.807 11.116 11.424 11.733 12.041 12.350 12.658 12.967 13.275 13.584 13.892 14.200 14.509 14.817 15.125 15.433 15.741 16.048 16.356 16.663 16.971 17.278 17.585 2.058 2.350 2.644 2.938 3.233 3.530 3.827 4.126 4.425 4.725 5.026 5.328 5.630 5.934 6.237 6.541 6.846 7.151 7.457 7.763 8.069 8.376 8.683 8.990 9.298 9.606 9.914 10.222 10.530 10.838 11.147 11.455 11.764 12.072 12.381 12.689 12.998 13.306 13.615 13.923 14.231 14.539 14.848 15.156 15.464 15.771 16.079 16.387 16.694 17.001 17.309 17.616 2.088 2.380 2.673 2.967 3.263 3.560 3.857 4.156 4.455 4.755 5.057 5.358 5.661 5.964 6.268 6.572 6.877 7.182 7.488 7.794 8.100 8.407 8.714 9.021 9.329 9.636 9.944 10.252 10.561 10.869 11.177 11.486 11.794 12.103 12.411 12.720 13.029 13.337 13.645 13.954 14.262 14.570 14.878 15.186 15.494 15.802 16.110 16.417 16.725 17.032 17.339 17.646 2.117 2.409 2.702 2.997 3.293 3.589 3.887 4.186 4.485 4.786 5.087 5.389 5.691 5.994 6.298 6.602 6.907 7.212 7.518 7.824 8.131 8.437 8.745 9.052 9.359 9.667 9.975 10.283 10.592 10.900 11.208 11.517 11.825 12.134 12.442 12.751 13.059 13.368 13.676 13.985 14.293 14.601 14.909 15.217 15.525 15.833 16.141 16.448 16.756 17.063 17.370 17.677 2.146 2.438 2.732 3.026 3.322 3.619 3.917 4.216 4.515 4.816 5.117 5.419 5.721 6.025 6.328 6.633 6.938 7.243 7.549 7.855 8.161 8.468 8.775 9.083 9.390 9.698 10.006 10.314 10.622 10.931 11.239 11.548 11.856 12.165 12.473 12.782 13.090 13.399 13.707 14.015 14.324 14.632 14.940 15.248 15.556 15.864 16.171 16.479 16.786 17.094 17.401 17.708 2.175 2.467 2.761 3.056 3.352 3.649 3.947 4.245 4.545 4.846 5.147 5.449 5.752 6.055 6.359 6.663 6.968 7.274 7.579 7.885 8.192 8.499 8.806 9.113 9.421 9.729 10.037 10.345 10.653 10.962 11.270 11.578 11.887 12.196 12.504 12.813 13.121 13.430 13.738 14.046 14.355 14.663 14.971 15.279 15.587 15.894 16.202 16.510 16.817 17.124 17.432 17.739 2.204 2.497 2.791 3.085 3.381 3.678 3.976 4.275 4.575 4.876 5.177 5.479 5.782 6.085 6.389 6.694 6.999 7.304 7.610 7.916 8.223 8.530 8.837 9.144 9.452 9.760 10.068 10.376 10.684 10.992 11.301 11.609 11.918 12.226 12.535 12.843 13.152 13.460 13.769 14.077 14.385 14.694 15.002 15.310 15.617 15.925 16.233 16.540 16.848 17.155 17.462 17.769 2.233 2.526 2.820 3.115 3.411 3.708 4.006 4.305 4.605 4.906 5.207 5.509 5.812 6.116 6.420 6.724 7.029 7.335 7.641 7.947 8.253 8.560 8.867 9.175 9.483 9.790 10.098 10.407 10.715 11.023 11.332 11.640 11.949 12.257 12.566 12.874 13.183 13.491 13.800 14.108 14.416 14.724 15.032 15.340 15.648 15.956 16.264 16.571 16.879 17.186 17.493 17.800 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300 310 320 330 340 350 360 370 380 390 400 410 420 430 440 450 460 470 480 490 500 510 520 530 540 550 560 570 580 590 600 610 2-22 Rosemount Inc. Table 2-6. Thermoelectric Voltage in Absolute Millivolts °F 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °F 620 630 640 650 660 670 680 690 700 710 720 730 740 750 760 770 780 790 800 810 820 830 840 850 860 870 880 890 900 910 920 930 940 950 960 970 980 990 1000 1010 1020 1030 1040 1050 1060 1070 1080 1090 1100 1110 1120 1130 17.800 18.107 18.414 18.721 19.027 19.334 19.640 19.947 20.253 20.559 20.866 21.172 21.478 21.785 22.091 22.397 22.704 23.010 23.317 23.624 23.931 24.238 24.546 24.853 25.161 25.469 25.778 26.087 26.396 26.705 27.016 27.326 27.637 27.949 28.261 28.573 28.887 29.201 29.515 29.831 30.147 30.464 30.782 31.100 31.420 31.740 32.061 32.384 32.707 33.031 33.356 33.683 17.831 18.138 18.444 18.751 19.058 19.364 19.671 19.977 20.284 20.590 20.896 21.203 21.509 21.815 22.122 22.428 22.735 23.041 23.348 23.655 23.962 24.269 24.576 24.884 25.192 25.500 25.809 26.118 26.427 26.736 27.047 27.357 27.668 27.980 28.292 28.605 28.918 29.232 29.547 29.862 30.179 30.496 30.813 31.132 31.452 31.772 32.094 32.416 32.739 33.064 33.389 33.715 17.861 18.168 18.475 18.782 19.089 19.395 19.702 20.008 20.314 20.621 20.927 21.233 21.540 21.846 22.152 22.459 22.765 23.072 23.378 23.685 23.992 24.300 24.607 24.915 25.223 25.531 25.840 26.148 26.458 26.767 27.078 27.388 27.699 28.011 28.323 28.636 28.950 29.264 29.578 29.894 30.210 30.527 30.845 31.164 31.484 31.804 32.126 32.448 32.772 33.096 33.422 33.748 17.892 18.199 18.506 18.813 19.119 19.426 19.732 20.039 20.345 20.651 20.958 21.264 21.570 21.877 22.183 22.489 22.796 23.102 23.409 23.716 24.023 24.330 24.638 24.946 25.254 25.562 25.870 26.179 26.489 26.798 27.109 27.419 27.731 28.042 28.355 28.667 28.981 29.295 29.610 29.926 30.242 30.559 30.877 31.196 31.516 31.836 32.158 32.480 32.804 33.129 33.454 33.781 17.923 18.230 18.537 18.843 19.150 19.456 19.763 20.069 20.376 20.682 20.988 21.295 21.601 21.907 22.214 22.520 22.826 23.133 23.440 23.747 24.054 24.361 24.669 24.976 25.284 25.593 25.901 26.210 26.520 26.829 27.140 27.450 27.762 28.073 28.386 28.699 29.012 29.327 29.642 29.957 30.274 30.591 30.909 31.228 31.548 31.868 32.190 32.513 32.836 33.161 33.487 33.814 17.953 18.260 18.567 18.874 19.180 19.487 19.793 20.100 20.406 20.713 21.019 21.325 21.631 21.938 22.244 22.551 22.857 23.164 23.471 23.777 24.085 24.392 24.699 25.007 25.315 25.623 25.932 26.241 26.551 26.860 27.171 27.482 27.793 28.105 28.417 28.730 29.044 29.358 29.673 29.989 30.305 30.623 30.941 31.260 31.580 31.901 32.222 32.545 32.869 33.194 33.519 33.846 17.984 18.291 18.598 18.905 19.211 19.518 19.824 20.131 20.437 20.743 21.049 21.356 21.662 21.968 22.275 22.581 22.888 23.194 23.501 23.808 24.115 24.423 24.730 25.038 25.346 25.654 25.963 26.272 26.582 26.891 27.202 27.513 27.824 28.136 28.448 28.761 29.075 29.390 29.705 30.020 30.337 30.654 30.973 31.292 31.612 31.933 32.255 32.577 32.901 33.226 33.552 33.879 18.015 18.322 18.629 18.935 19.242 19.548 19.855 20.161 20.467 20.774 21.080 21.386 21.693 21.999 22.305 22.612 22.918 23.225 23.532 23.839 24.146 24.453 24.761 25.069 25.377 25.685 25.994 26.303 26.613 26.922 27.233 27.544 27.855 28.167 28.480 28.793 29.107 29.421 29.736 30.052 30.369 30.686 31.005 31.324 31.644 31.965 32.287 32.610 32.934 33.259 33.585 33.912 18.046 18.352 18.659 18.966 19.272 19.579 19.885 20.192 20.498 20.804 21.111 21.417 21.723 22.030 22.336 22.643 22.949 23.256 23.563 23.870 24.177 24.484 24.792 25.099 25.408 25.716 26.025 26.334 26.644 26.954 27.264 27.575 27.886 28.198 28.511 28.824 29.138 29.452 29.768 30.084 30.400 30.718 31.036 31.356 31.676 31.997 32.319 32.642 32.966 33.291 33.617 33.945 18.076 18.383 18.690 18.997 19.303 19.610 19.916 20.222 20.529 20.835 21.141 21.448 21.754 22.060 22.367 22.673 22.980 23.286 23.593 23.900 24.207 24.515 24.822 25.130 25.438 25.747 26.056 26.365 26.675 26.985 27.295 27.606 27.917 28.230 28.542 28.855 29.169 29.484 29.799 30.115 30.432 30.750 31.068 31.388 31.708 32.029 32.351 32.674 32.999 33.324 33.650 33.977 18.107 18.414 18.721 19.027 19.334 19.640 19.947 20.253 20.559 20.866 21.172 21.478 21.785 22.091 22.397 22.704 23.010 23.317 23.624 23.931 24.238 24.546 24.853 25.161 25.469 25.778 26.087 26.396 26.705 27.016 27.326 27.637 27.949 28.261 28.573 28.887 29.201 29.515 29.831 30.147 30.464 30.782 31.100 31.420 31.740 32.061 32.384 32.707 33.031 33.356 33.683 34.010 620 630 640 650 660 670 680 690 700 710 720 730 740 750 760 770 780 790 800 810 820 830 840 850 860 870 880 890 900 910 920 930 940 950 960 970 980 990 1000 1010 1020 1030 1040 1050 1060 1070 1080 1090 1100 1110 1120 1130 2-23 Common Reference Information, Conversions, and Tables Table 2-6. Thermoelectric Voltage in Absolute Millivolts °F 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °F 1140 1150 1160 1170 1180 1190 1200 1210 1220 1230 1240 1250 1260 1270 1280 1290 1300 1310 1320 1330 1340 1350 1360 1370 1380 1390 34.010 34.339 34.668 34.999 35.331 35.664 35.999 36.334 36.671 37.009 37.348 37.688 38.030 38.372 38.716 39.061 39.407 39.754 40.103 40.452 40.802 41.154 41.506 41.859 42.212 42.567 34.043 34.372 34.701 35.032 35.364 35.698 36.032 36.368 36.705 37.043 37.382 37.722 38.064 38.407 38.751 39.096 39.442 39.789 40.138 40.487 40.837 41.189 41.541 41.894 42.248 42.602 34.076 34.405 34.734 35.065 35.398 35.731 36.066 36.401 36.738 37.076 37.416 37.756 38.098 38.441 38.785 39.130 39.477 39.824 40.172 40.522 40.872 41.224 41.576 41.929 42.283 42.638 34.109 34.437 34.767 35.099 35.431 35.764 36.099 36.435 36.772 37.110 37.450 37.790 38.132 38.475 38.819 39.165 39.511 39.859 40.207 40.557 40.908 41.259 41.611 41.965 42.319 42.673 34.141 34.470 34.801 35.132 35.464 35.798 36.133 36.469 36.806 37.144 37.484 37.825 38.167 38.510 38.854 39.199 39.546 39.894 40.242 40.592 40.943 41.294 41.647 42.000 42.354 42.709 34.174 34.503 34.834 35.165 35.498 35.831 36.166 36.502 36.840 37.178 37.518 37.859 38.201 38.544 38.888 39.234 39.581 39.928 40.277 40.627 40.978 41.329 41.682 42.035 42.390 42.744 34.207 34.536 34.867 35.198 35.531 35.865 36.200 36.536 36.873 37.212 37.552 37.893 38.235 38.578 38.923 39.269 39.615 39.963 40.312 40.662 41.013 41.365 41.717 42.071 42.425 42.780 34.240 34.569 34.900 35.231 35.564 35.898 36.233 36.570 36.907 37.246 37.586 37.927 38.269 38.613 38.957 39.303 39.650 39.998 40.347 40.697 41.048 41.400 41.753 42.106 42.460 42.815 34.273 34.602 34.933 35.265 35.598 35.932 36.267 36.603 36.941 37.280 37.620 37.961 38.304 38.647 38.992 39.338 39.685 40.033 40.382 40.732 41.083 41.435 41.788 42.142 42.496 42.851 34.306 34.635 34.966 35.298 35.631 35.965 36.301 36.637 36.975 37.314 37.654 37.995 38.338 38.682 39.027 39.373 39.720 40.068 40.417 40.767 41.118 41.470 41.823 42.177 42.531 42.886 34.339 34.668 34.999 35.331 35.664 35.999 36.334 36.671 37.009 37.348 37.688 38.030 38.372 38.716 39.061 39.407 39.754 40.103 40.452 40.802 41.154 41.506 41.859 42.212 42.567 42.922 1140 1150 1160 1170 1180 1190 1200 1210 1220 1230 1240 1250 1260 1270 1280 1290 1300 1310 1320 1330 1340 1350 1360 1370 1380 1390 T/C TYPE K THERMOELECTRIC VOLTAGE as a Function of Temperature (°C) Reference Junctions at 0 °C Reference Standard: NBS Monograph 125 and BS 4937 parts 1-7 Table 2-7. Thermoelectric Voltage in Absolute Millivolts °C 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °C -270 -260 -250 -240 -230 -220 -210 -200 -190 -180 -170 -160 -150 -140 -130 -6.458 -6.441 -6.404 -6.344 -6.262 -6.158 -6.035 -5.891 -5.730 -5.550 -5.354 -5.141 -4.912 -4.669 -4.410 -6.457 -6.438 -6.399 -6.337 -6.253 -6.147 -6.021 -5.876 -5.712 -5.531 -5.333 -5.119 -4.889 -4.644 -4.384 -6.456 -6.435 -6.394 -6.329 -6.243 -6.135 -6.007 -5.860 -5.695 -5.512 -5.313 -5.097 -4.865 -4.618 -4.357 -6.455 -6.432 -6.388 -6.322 -6.233 -6.123 -5.994 -5.845 -5.678 -5.493 -5.292 -5.074 -4.841 -4.593 -4.330 -6.453 -6.429 -6.382 -6.314 -6.223 -6.111 -5.980 -5.829 -5.660 -5.474 -5.271 -5.051 -4.817 -4.567 -4.303 -6.452 -6.425 -6.377 -6.306 -6.213 -6.099 -5.965 -5.813 -5.642 -5.454 -5.249 -5.029 -4.792 -4.541 -4.276 -6.450 -6.421 -6.371 -6.297 -6.202 -6.087 -5.951 -5.796 -5.624 -5.434 -5.228 -5.006 -4.768 -4.515 -4.248 -6.448 -6.417 -6.364 -6.289 -6.192 -6.074 -5.936 -5.780 -5.606 -5.414 -5.207 -4.983 -4.743 -4.489 -4.221 -6.446 -6.413 -6.358 -6.280 -6.181 -6.061 -5.922 -5.763 -5.587 -5.394 -5.185 -4.959 -4.719 -4.463 -4.193 -6.444 -6.408 -6.351 -6.271 -6.170 -6.048 -5.907 -5.747 -5.569 -5.374 -5.163 -4.936 -4.694 -4.437 -4.166 -6.441 -6.404 -6.344 -6.262 -6.158 -6.035 -5.891 -5.730 -5.550 -5.354 -5.141 -4.912 -4.669 -4.410 -4.138 -270 -260 -250 -240 -230 -220 -210 -200 -190 -180 -170 -160 -150 -140 -130 2-24 Rosemount Inc. Table 2-7. Thermoelectric Voltage in Absolute Millivolts °C 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °C -120 -110 -100 -90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300 310 320 330 340 350 360 370 380 390 -4.138 -3.852 -3.553 -3.242 -2.920 -2.586 -2.243 -1.889 -1.527 -1.156 -0.777 -0.392 0.000 0.397 0.798 1.203 1.611 2.022 2.436 2.850 3.266 3.681 4.095 4.508 4.919 5.327 5.733 6.137 6.539 6.939 7.338 7.737 8.137 8.537 8.938 9.341 9.745 10.151 10.560 10.969 11.381 11.793 12.207 12.623 13.039 13.456 13.874 14.292 14.712 15.132 15.552 15.974 -4.110 -3.823 -3.523 -3.211 -2.887 -2.552 -2.208 -1.853 -1.490 -1.118 -0.739 -0.353 0.039 0.437 0.838 1.244 1.652 2.064 2.477 2.892 3.307 3.722 4.137 4.549 4.960 5.368 5.774 6.177 6.579 6.979 7.378 7.777 8.177 8.577 8.978 9.381 9.786 10.192 10.600 11.010 11.422 11.835 12.249 12.664 13.080 13.497 13.915 14.334 14.754 15.174 15.594 16.016 -4.082 -3.793 -3.492 -3.179 -2.854 -2.518 -2.173 -1.817 -1.453 -1.081 -0.701 -0.314 0.079 0.477 0.879 1.285 1.693 2.105 2.519 2.933 3.349 3.764 4.178 4.590 5.001 5.409 5.814 6.218 6.619 7.019 7.418 7.817 8.216 8.617 9.018 9.421 9.826 10.233 10.641 11.051 11.463 11.876 12.290 12.706 13.122 13.539 13.957 14.376 14.796 15.216 15.636 16.058 -4.053 -3.764 -3.461 -3.147 -2.821 -2.484 -2.137 -1.781 -1.416 -1.043 -0.662 -0.275 0.119 0.517 0.919 1.325 1.734 2.146 2.560 2.975 3.390 3.805 4.219 4.632 5.042 5.450 5.855 6.258 6.659 7.059 7.458 7.857 8.256 8.657 9.058 9.462 9.867 10.274 10.682 11.093 11.504 11.918 12.332 12.747 13.164 13.581 13.999 14.418 14.838 15.258 15.679 16.100 -4.025 -3.734 -3.430 -3.115 -2.788 -2.450 -2.102 -1.745 -1.379 -1.005 -0.624 -0.236 0.158 0.557 0.960 1.366 1.776 2.188 2.601 3.016 3.432 3.847 4.261 4.673 5.083 5.490 5.895 6.298 6.699 7.099 7.498 7.897 8.296 8.697 9.099 9.502 9.907 10.315 10.723 11.134 11.546 11.959 12.373 12.789 13.205 13.623 14.041 14.460 14.880 15.300 15.721 16.142 -3.997 -3.704 -3.399 -3.082 -2.754 -2.416 -2.067 -1.709 -1.342 -0.968 -0.585 -0.197 0.198 0.597 1.000 1.407 1.817 2.229 2.643 3.058 3.473 3.888 4.302 4.714 5.124 5.531 5.936 6.338 6.739 7.139 7.538 7.937 8.336 8.737 9.139 9.543 9.948 10.355 10.764 11.175 11.587 12.000 12.415 12.831 13.247 13.665 14.083 14.502 14.922 15.342 15.763 16.184 -3.968 -3.674 -3.368 -3.050 -2.721 -2.381 -2.032 -1.673 -1.305 -0.930 -0.547 -0.157 0.238 0.637 1.041 1.448 1.858 2.270 2.684 3.100 3.515 3.930 4.343 4.755 5.164 5.571 5.976 6.378 6.779 7.179 7.578 7.977 8.376 8.777 9.179 9.583 9.989 10.396 10.805 11.216 11.628 12.042 12.456 12.872 13.289 13.706 14.125 14.544 14.964 15.384 15.805 16.227 -3.939 -3.644 -3.337 -3.018 -2.687 -2.347 -1.996 -1.636 -1.268 -0.892 -0.508 -0.118 0.277 0.677 1.081 1.489 1.899 2.312 2.726 3.141 3.556 3.971 4.384 4.796 5.205 5.612 6.016 6.419 6.819 7.219 7.618 8.017 8.416 8.817 9.220 9.624 10.029 10.437 10.846 11.257 11.669 12.083 12.498 12.914 13.331 13.748 14.167 14.586 15.006 15.426 15.847 16.269 -3.910 -3.614 -3.305 -2.985 -2.654 -2.312 -1.961 -1.600 -1.231 -0.854 -0.469 -0.079 0.317 0.718 1.122 1.529 1.940 2.353 2.767 3.183 3.598 4.012 4.426 4.837 5.246 5.652 6.057 6.459 6.859 7.259 7.658 8.057 8.456 8.857 9.260 9.664 10.070 10.478 10.887 11.298 11.711 12.125 12.539 12.955 13.372 13.790 14.208 14.628 15.048 15.468 15.889 16.311 -3.881 -3.584 -3.274 -2.953 -2.620 -2.277 -1.925 -1.563 -1.193 -0.816 -0.431 -0.039 0.357 0.758 1.162 1.570 1.981 2.394 2.809 3.224 3.639 4.054 4.467 4.878 5.287 5.693 6.097 6.499 6.899 7.299 7.697 8.097 8.497 8.898 9.300 9.705 10.111 10.519 10.928 11.339 11.752 12.166 12.581 12.997 13.414 13.832 14.250 14.670 15.090 15.510 15.931 16.353 -3.852 -3.553 -3.242 -2.920 -2.586 -2.243 -1.889 -1.527 -1.156 -0.777 -0.392 0.000 0.397 0.798 1.203 1.611 2.022 2.436 2.850 3.266 3.681 4.095 4.508 4.919 5.327 5.733 6.137 6.539 6.939 7.338 7.737 8.137 8.537 8.938 9.341 9.745 10.151 10.560 10.969 11.381 11.793 12.207 12.623 13.039 13.456 13.874 14.292 14.712 15.132 15.552 15.974 16.395 -120 -110 -100 -90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300 310 320 330 340 350 360 370 380 390 2-25 Common Reference Information, Conversions, and Tables Table 2-7. Thermoelectric Voltage in Absolute Millivolts °C 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °C 400 410 420 430 440 450 460 470 480 490 500 510 520 530 540 550 560 570 580 590 600 610 620 630 640 650 660 670 680 690 700 710 720 730 740 750 760 770 780 790 800 810 820 830 840 850 860 870 880 890 900 910 16.395 16.818 17.241 17.664 18.088 18.513 18.938 19.363 19.788 20.214 20.640 21.066 21.493 21.919 22.346 22.772 23.198 23.624 24.050 24.476 24.902 25.327 25.751 26.176 26.599 27.022 27.445 27.867 28.288 28.709 29.128 29.547 29.965 30.383 30.799 31.214 31.629 32.042 32.455 32.866 33.277 33.686 34.095 34.502 34.909 35.314 35.718 36.121 36.524 36.925 37.325 37.724 16.438 16.860 17.283 17.707 18.131 18.555 18.980 19.405 19.831 20.257 20.683 21.109 21.535 21.962 22.388 22.815 23.241 23.667 24.093 24.519 24.944 25.369 25.794 26.218 26.642 27.065 27.487 27.909 28.330 28.751 29.170 29.589 30.007 30.424 30.840 31.256 31.670 32.084 32.496 32.907 33.318 33.727 34.136 34.543 34.949 35.354 35.758 36.162 36.564 36.965 37.365 37.764 16.480 16.902 17.326 17.749 18.173 18.598 19.023 19.448 19.873 20.299 20.725 21.152 21.578 22.004 22.431 22.857 23.284 23.710 24.136 24.561 24.987 25.412 25.836 26.260 26.684 27.107 27.529 27.951 28.372 28.793 29.212 29.631 30.049 30.466 30.882 31.297 31.712 32.125 32.537 32.948 33.359 33.768 34.176 34.583 34.990 35.395 35.799 36.202 36.604 37.005 37.405 37.803 16.522 16.945 17.368 17.792 18.216 18.640 19.065 19.490 19.916 20.342 20.768 21.194 21.621 22.047 22.473 22.900 23.326 23.752 24.178 24.604 25.029 25.454 25.879 26.303 26.726 27.149 27.572 27.993 28.414 28.835 29.254 29.673 30.091 30.508 30.924 31.339 31.753 32.166 32.578 32.990 33.400 33.809 34.217 34.624 35.030 35.435 35.839 36.242 36.644 37.045 37.445 37.843 16.564 16.987 17.410 17.834 18.258 18.683 19.108 19.533 19.959 20.385 20.811 21.237 21.663 22.090 22.516 22.942 23.369 23.795 24.221 24.646 25.072 25.497 25.921 26.345 26.769 27.192 27.614 28.035 28.456 28.877 29.296 29.715 30.132 30.549 30.965 31.380 31.794 32.207 32.619 33.031 33.441 33.850 34.258 34.665 35.071 35.476 35.880 36.282 36.684 37.085 37.484 37.883 16.607 17.029 17.453 17.876 18.301 18.725 19.150 19.576 20.001 20.427 20.853 21.280 21.706 22.132 22.559 22.985 23.411 23.837 24.263 24.689 25.114 25.539 25.964 26.387 26.811 27.234 27.656 28.078 28.498 28.919 29.338 29.756 30.174 30.591 31.007 31.422 31.836 32.249 32.661 33.072 33.482 33.891 34.299 34.705 35.111 35.516 35.920 36.323 36.724 37.125 37.524 37.923 16.649 17.072 17.495 17.919 18.343 18.768 19.193 19.618 20.044 20.470 20.896 21.322 21.749 22.175 22.601 23.028 23.454 23.880 24.306 24.731 25.157 25.582 26.006 26.430 26.853 27.276 27.698 28.120 28.540 28.961 29.380 29.798 30.216 30.632 31.048 31.463 31.877 32.290 32.702 33.113 33.523 33.931 34.339 34.746 35.152 35.557 35.960 36.363 36.764 37.165 37.564 37.963 16.691 17.114 17.537 17.964 18.385 18.810 19.235 19.661 20.086 20.512 20.938 21.365 21.791 22.218 22.644 23.070 23.497 23.923 24.348 24.774 25.199 25.624 26.048 26.472 26.896 27.318 27.740 28.162 28.583 29.002 29.422 29.840 30.257 30.674 31.090 31.504 31.918 32.331 32.743 33.154 33.564 33.972 34.380 34.787 35.192 35.597 36.000 36.403 36.804 37.205 37.604 38.002 16.733 17.156 17.580 18.004 18.428 18.853 19.278 19.703 20.129 20.555 20.981 21.407 21.834 22.260 22.687 23.113 23.539 23.965 24.391 24.817 25.242 25.666 26.091 26.515 26.938 27.361 27.783 28.204 28.625 29.044 29.464 29.882 30.299 30.716 31.131 31.546 31.960 32.372 32.784 33.195 33.604 34.013 34.421 34.827 35.233 35.637 36.041 36.443 36.844 37.245 37.644 38.042 16.776 17.199 17.622 18.046 18.470 18.895 19.320 19.746 20.172 20.98 21.024 21.450 21.876 22.303 22.729 23.156 23.582 24.008 24.434 24.859 25.284 25.709 26.133 26.557 26.980 27.403 27.825 28.246 28.667 29.086 29.505 29.924 30.341 30.757 31.173 31.587 32.001 32.414 32.825 33.236 33.645 34.054 34.461 34.868 35.273 35.678 36.081 36.483 36.885 37.285 37.684 38.082 16.818 17.241 17.664 18.088 18.513 18.938 19.363 19.788 20.214 20.640 21.066 21.493 21.919 22.346 22.772 23.198 23.624 24.050 24.476 24.902 25.327 25.751 26.176 26.599 27.022 27.445 27.867 28.288 28.709 29.128 29.547 29.965 30.383 30.799 31.214 31.629 32.042 32.455 32.866 33.277 33.686 34.095 34.502 34.909 35.314 35.718 36.121 36.524 36.925 37.325 37.724 38.122 400 410 420 430 440 450 460 470 480 490 500 510 520 530 540 550 560 570 580 590 600 610 620 630 640 650 660 670 680 690 700 710 720 730 740 750 760 770 780 790 800 810 820 830 840 850 860 870 880 890 900 910 2-26 Rosemount Inc. Table 2-7. Thermoelectric Voltage in Absolute Millivolts °C 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °C 920 930 940 950 960 970 980 990 1000 1010 1020 1030 1040 1050 1060 1070 1080 1090 1100 1110 1120 1130 1140 1150 1160 1170 1180 1190 1200 1210 1220 1230 1240 1250 1260 1270 1280 1290 1300 1310 1320 1330 1340 1350 1360 1370 38.122 38.519 38.915 39.310 39.703 40.096 40.488 40.879 41.269 41.657 42.045 42.432 42.817 43.202 43.585 43.968 44.349 44.729 45.108 45.486 45.863 46.238 46.612 46.985 47.356 47.726 48.095 48.462 48.828 49.192 49.555 49.916 50.276 50.633 50.990 51.344 51.697 52.049 52.398 52.747 53.093 53.439 53.782 54.125 54.466 54.807 38.162 38.558 38.954 39.349 39.743 40.136 40.527 40.918 41.308 41.696 42.084 42.470 42.856 43.240 43.624 44.006 44.387 44.767 45.146 45.524 45.900 46.275 46.649 47.022 47.393 47.763 48.132 48.499 48.865 49.229 49.591 49.952 50.311 50.669 51.025 51.380 51.733 52.084 52.433 52.781 53.128 53.473 53.817 54.159 54.501 54.841 38.201 38.598 38.994 39.388 39.782 40.175 40.566 40.957 41.347 41.735 42.123 42.509 42.894 43.279 43.662 44.044 44.425 44.805 45.184 45.561 45.938 46.313 46.687 47.059 47.430 47.800 48.169 48.536 48.901 49.265 49.627 49.988 50.347 50.705 51.061 51.415 51.768 52.119 52.468 52.816 53.162 53.507 53.851 54.193 54.535 54.875 38.241 38.638 39.033 39.428 39.821 40.214 40.605 40.996 41.385 41.774 42.161 42.548 42.933 43.317 43.700 44.082 44.463 44.843 45.222 45.599 45.975 46.350 46.724 47.096 47.468 47.837 48.205 48.572 48.937 49.301 49.663 50.024 50.383 50.741 51.096 51.450 51.803 52.154 52.503 52.851 53.197 53.542 53.885 54.228 54.569 38.281 38.677 39.073 39.467 39.861 40.253 40.645 41.035 41.424 41.813 42.200 42.586 42.971 43.356 43.739 44.121 44.501 44.881 45.260 45.637 46.013 46.388 46.761 47.134 47.505 47.874 48.242 48.609 48.974 49.338 49.700 50.060 50.419 50.776 51.132 51.486 51.838 52.189 52.538 52.886 53.232 53.576 53.920 54.262 54.603 38.320 38.717 39.112 39.507 39.900 40.292 40.684 41.074 41.463 41.851 42.239 42.625 43.010 43.394 43.777 44.159 44.539 44.919 45.297 45.675 46.051 46.425 46.799 47.171 47.542 47.911 48.279 48.645 49.010 49.374 49.736 50.096 50.455 50.812 51.167 51.521 51.873 52.224 52.573 52.920 53.266 53.611 53.954 54.296 54.637 38.360 38.756 39.152 39.546 39.939 40.332 40.723 41.113 41.502 41.890 42.277 42.663 43.048 43.432 43.815 44.197 44.577 44.957 45.335 45.712 46.088 46.463 46.836 47.208 47.579 47.948 48.316 48.682 49.047 49.410 49.772 50.132 50.491 50.847 51.203 51.556 51.908 52.259 52.608 52.955 53.301 53.645 53.988 54.330 54.671 38.400 38.796 39.191 39.585 39.979 40.371 40.762 41.152 41.541 41.929 42.316 42.702 43.087 43.471 43.853 44.235 44.615 44.995 45.373 45.750 46.126 46.500 46.873 47.245 47.616 47.985 48.352 48.718 49.083 49.446 49.808 50.168 50.526 50.883 51.238 51.592 51.943 52.294 52.642 52.989 53.335 53.679 54.022 54.364 54.705 38.439 38.836 39.231 39.625 40.018 40.410 40.801 41.191 41.580 41.968 42.355 42.740 43.125 43.509 43.891 44.273 44.653 45.033 45.411 45.787 46.163 46.537 46.910 47.282 47.653 48.021 48.389 48.755 49.120 49.483 49.844 50.204 50.562 50.919 51.274 51.627 51.979 52.329 52.677 53.024 53.370 53.714 54.057 54.398 54.739 38.479 38.875 39.270 39.664 40.057 40.449 40.840 41.230 41.619 42.006 42.393 42.779 43.164 43.547 43.930 44.311 44.691 45.070 45.448 45.825 46.201 46.575 46.948 47.319 47.689 48.058 48.426 48.792 49.156 49.519 49.880 50.240 50.598 50.954 51.309 51.662 52.014 52.364 52.712 53.059 53.404 53.748 54.091 54.432 54.773 38.519 38.915 39.310 39.703 40.096 40.488 40.879 41.269 41.657 42.045 42.432 42.817 43.202 43.585 43.968 44.349 44.729 45.108 45.486 45.863 46.238 46.612 46.985 47.356 47.726 48.095 48.462 48.828 49.192 49.555 49.916 50.276 50.633 50.990 51.344 51.697 52.049 52.398 52.747 53.093 53.439 53.782 54.125 54.466 54.807 920 930 940 950 960 970 980 990 1000 1010 1020 1030 1040 1050 1060 1070 1080 1090 1100 1110 1120 1130 1140 1150 1160 1170 1180 1190 1200 1210 1220 1230 1240 1250 1260 1270 1280 1290 1300 1310 1320 1330 1340 1350 1360 1370 2-27 Common Reference Information, Conversions, and Tables T/C TYPE K THERMOELECTRIC VOLTAGE as a Function of Temperature (°F) Reference Junctions at 0 °F Reference Standard: NBS Monograph 125 and BS 4937 parts 1-7 Table 2-8. Thermoelectric Voltage in Absolute Millivolts °F -460 -450 -440 -430 -420 -410 -400 -390 -380 -370 -360 -350 -340 -330 -320 -310 -300 -290 -280 -270 -260 -250 -240 -230 -220 -210 -200 -190 -180 -170 -160 -150 -140 -130 -120 -110 -100 -90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 2-28 0 -6.456 -6.447 -6.431 -6.409 -6.380 -6.344 -6.301 -6.251 -6.195 -6.133 -6.064 -5.989 -5.908 -5.822 -5.730 -5.632 -5.529 -5.421 -5.308 -5.190 -5.067 -4.939 -4.806 -4.669 -4.527 -4.381 -4.230 -4.075 -3.917 -3.754 -3.587 -3.417 -3.242 -3.065 -2.883 -2.699 -2.511 -2.320 -2.126 -1.929 -1.729 -1.527 -1.322 -1.114 1 -6.455 -6.445 -6.429 -6.406 -6.377 -6.340 -6.296 -6.246 -6.189 -6.126 -6.057 -5.981 -5.900 -5.813 -5.720 -5.622 -5.519 -5.410 -5.296 -5.178 -5.054 -4.926 -4.792 -4.655 -4.512 -4.366 -4.215 -4.060 -3.901 -3.737 -3.570 -3.399 -3.225 -3.047 -2.865 -2.680 -2.492 -2.300 -2.106 -1.909 -1.709 -1.506 -1.301 -1.093 2 -6.454 -6.444 -6.427 -6.404 -6.373 -6.336 -6.292 -6.241 -6.183 -6.119 -6.049 -5.973 -5.891 -5.804 -5.711 -5.612 -5.508 -5.399 -5.285 -5.165 -5.041 -4.912 -4.779 -4.641 -4.498 -4.351 -4.200 -4.044 -3.884 -3.721 -3.553 -3.382 -3.207 -3.029 -2.847 -2.661 -2.473 -2.281 -2.087 -1.889 -1.689 -1.486 -1.280 -1.072 3 -6.454 -6.443 -6.425 -6.401 -6.370 -6.332 -6.287 -6.235 -6.177 -6.113 -6.042 -5.965 -5.883 -5.795 -5.701 -5.602 -5.497 -5.388 -5.273 -5.153 -5.029 -4.899 -4.765 -4.627 -4.484 -4.336 -4.184 -4.028 -3.868 -3.704 -3.536 -3.365 -3.189 -3.010 -2.828 -2.643 -2.454 -2.262 -2.067 -1.869 -1.669 -1.465 -1.260 -1.051 4 -6.453 -6.441 -6.423 -6.398 -6.366 -6.328 -6.282 -6.230 -6.171 -6.106 -6.035 -5.957 -5.874 -5.786 -5.691 -5.592 -5.487 -5.376 -5.261 -5.141 -5.016 -4.886 -4.752 -4.613 -4.469 -4.321 -4.169 -4.012 -3.852 -3.688 -3.519 -3.347 -3.172 -2.992 -2.810 -2.624 -2.435 -2.243 -2.047 -1.849 -1.648 -1.445 -1.239 -1.031 5 6 7 8 9 10 °F -6.452 -6.440 -6.421 -6.395 -6.363 -6.323 -6.277 -6.224 -6.165 -6.099 -6.027 -5.949 -5.866 -5.776 -5.682 -5.581 -5.476 -5.365 -5.249 -5.129 -5.003 -4.873 -4.738 -4.598 -4.454 -4.306 -4.153 -3.997 -3.836 -3.671 -3.502 -3.330 -3.154 -2.974 -2.791 -2.605 -2.416 -2.223 -2.028 -1.829 -1.628 -1.424 -1.218 -1.010 -6.458 -6.451 -6.438 -6.419 -6.392 -6.359 -6.319 -6.272 -6.219 -6.158 -6.092 -6.020 -5.941 -5.857 -5.767 -5.672 -5.571 -5.465 -5.354 -5.238 -5.116 -4.990 -4.860 -4.724 -4.584 -4.440 -4.291 -4.138 -3.981 -3.819 -3.654 -3.485 -3.312 -3.136 -2.956 -2.773 -2.586 -2.397 -2.204 -2.008 -1.809 -1.608 -1.404 -1.197 -0.989 -6.457 -6.450 -6.436 -6.416 -6.389 -6.355 -6.15 -6.267 -6.213 -6.152 -6.085 -6.012 -5.933 -5.848 -5.758 -5.662 -5.561 -5.454 -5.342 -5.226 -5.104 -4.978 -4.846 -4.710 -4.570 -4.425 -4.276 -4.122 -3.965 -3.803 -3.637 -3.468 -3.295 -3.118 -2.938 -2.754 -2.567 -2.377 -2.184 -1.988 -1.789 -1.588 -1.383 -1.177 -0.968 -6.457 -6.449 -6.435 -6.414 -6.386 -6.352 -6.310 -6.262 -6.207 -6.146 -6.078 -6.004 -5.925 -5.839 -5.748 -5.652 -5.550 -5.443 -5.331 -5.214 -5.092 -4.965 -4.833 -4.697 -4.556 -4.410 -4.261 -4.107 -3.949 -3.787 -3.621 -3.451 -3.277 -3.100 -2.920 -2.736 -2.549 -2.358 -2.165 -1.968 -1.769 -1.567 -1.363 -1.156 -0.946 -6.456 -6.448 -6.433 -6.411 -6.383 -6.348 -6.306 -6.257 -6.201 -6.139 -6.071 -5.997 -5.917 -5.831 -5.739 -5.642 -5.540 -5.432 -5.319 -5.202 -5.079 -4.952 -4.819 -4.683 -4.541 -4.396 -4.245 -4.091 -3.933 -3.770 -3.604 -3.434 -3.260 -3.082 -2.902 -2.717 -2.530 -2.339 -2.145 -1.949 -1.749 -1.547 -1.342 -1.135 -0.925 -6.456 -6.447 -6.431 -6.409 -6.380 -6.344 -6.301 -6.251 -6.195 -6.133 -6.064 -5.989 -5.908 -5.822 -5.730 -5.632 -5.529 -5.421 -5.308 -5.190 -5.067 -4.939 -4.806 -4.669 -4.527 -4.381 -4.230 -4.075 -3.917 -3.754 -3.587 -3.417 -3.242 -3.065 -2.883 -2.699 -2.511 -2.320 -2.126 -1.929 -1.729 -1.527 -1.322 -1.114 -0.904 -460 -450 -440 -430 -420 -410 -400 -390 -380 -370 -360 -350 -340 -330 -320 -310 -300 -290 -280 -270 -260 -250 -240 -230 -220 -210 -200 -190 -180 -170 -160 -150 -140 -130 -120 -110 -100 -90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 Rosemount Inc. Table 2-8. Thermoelectric Voltage in Absolute Millivolts °F 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °F -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300 310 320 330 340 350 360 370 380 390 400 410 420 430 440 450 460 470 480 490 500 -0.904 -0.692 -0.478 -0.262 -0.044 0.176 0.397 0.619 0.843 1.068 1.294 1.520 1.748 1.977 2.206 2.436 2.666 2.896 3.127 3.358 3.589 3.819 4.049 4.279 4.508 4.737 4.964 5.192 5.418 5.643 5.868 6.092 6.316 6.539 6.761 6.984 7.205 7.427 7.649 7.870 8.092 8.314 8.537 8.759 8.983 9.206 9.430 9.655 9.880 10.106 10.333 10.560 -0.883 -0.671 -0.457 -0.240 -0.022 0.198 0.419 0.642 0.865 1.090 1.316 1.543 1.771 2.000 2.229 2.459 2.689 2.920 3.150 3.381 3.612 3.842 4.072 4.302 4.531 4.759 4.987 5.214 5.440 5.666 5.891 6.115 6.338 6.561 6.784 7.006 7.228 7.449 7.671 7.893 8.114 8.336 8.559 8.782 9.005 9.229 9.453 9.678 9.903 10.129 10.355 10.582 -0.862 -0.650 -0.435 -0.218 0.000 0.220 0.441 0.664 0.888 1.113 1.339 1.566 1.794 2.022 2.252 2.482 2.712 2.943 3.173 3.404 3.635 3.865 4.095 4.325 4.554 4.782 5.010 5.237 5.463 5.688 5.913 6.137 6.361 6.583 6.806 7.028 7.250 7.471 7.693 7.915 8.137 8.359 8.581 8.804 9.027 9.251 9.475 9.700 9.926 10.151 10.378 10.605 -0.841 -0.628 -0.413 -0.197 0.022 0.242 0.464 0.686 0.910 1.135 1.362 1.589 1.817 2.045 2.275 2.505 2.735 2.966 3.196 3.427 3.658 3.888 4.118 4.348 4.577 4.805 5.033 5.260 5.486 5.711 5.936 6.160 6.383 6.606 6.828 7.050 7.272 7.494 7.715 7.937 8.159 8.381 8.603 8.826 9.050 9.273 9.498 9.723 9.948 10.174 10.401 10.628 -0.820 -0.607 -0.392 -0.175 0.044 0.264 0.486 0.709 0.933 1.158 1.384 1.611 1.839 2.068 2.298 2.528 2.758 2.989 3.220 3.450 3.681 3.911 4.141 4.371 4.600 4.828 5.055 5.282 5.508 5.733 5.958 6.182 6.405 6.628 6.850 7.072 7.294 7.516 7.737 7.959 8.181 8.403 8.626 8.849 9.072 9.296 9.520 9.745 9.971 10.197 10.423 10.650 -0.799 -0.585 -0.370 -0.153 0.066 0.286 0.508 0.731 0.955 1.181 1.407 1.634 1.862 2.091 2.321 2.551 2.781 3.012 3.243 3.473 3.704 3.934 4.164 4.394 4.622 4.851 5.078 5.305 5.531 5.756 5.980 6.204 6.428 6.650 6.873 7.094 7.316 7.538 7.760 7.981 8.203 8.425 8.648 8.871 9.094 9.318 9.543 9.768 9.993 10.219 10.446 10.673 -0.777 -0.564 -0.349 -0.131 0.088 0.308 0.530 0.753 0.978 1.203 1.430 1.657 1.885 2.114 2.344 2.574 2.804 3.035 3.266 3.496 3.727 3.957 4.187 4.417 4.645 4.873 5.101 5.327 5.553 5.778 6.003 6.227 6.450 6.672 6.895 7.117 7.338 7.560 7.782 8.003 8.225 8.448 8.670 8.893 9.117 9.341 9.565 9.790 10.016 10.242 10.469 10.696 -0.756 -0.543 -0.327 -0.109 0.110 0.331 0.553 0.776 1.000 1.226 1.452 1.680 1.908 2.137 2.367 2.597 2.827 3.058 3.289 3.519 3.750 3.980 4.210 4.439 4.668 4.896 5.124 5.350 5.576 5.801 6.025 6.249 6.472 6.695 6.917 7.139 7.361 7.582 7.804 8.026 8.248 8.470 8.692 8.916 9.139 9.363 9.588 9.813 10.038 10.265 10.491 10.719 -0.735 -0.521 -0.305 -0.088 0.132 0.353 0.575 0.798 1.023 1.248 1.475 1.703 1.931 2.160 2.390 2.620 2.850 3.081 3.312 3.543 3.773 4.003 4.233 4.462 4.691 4.919 5.146 5.373 5.598 5.823 6.048 6.271 6.494 6.717 6.939 7.161 7.383 7.604 7.826 8.048 8.270 8.492 8.715 8.938 9.161 9.385 9.610 9.835 10.061 10.287 10.514 10.741 -0.714 -0.500 -0.284 -0.066 0.154 0.375 0.597 0.821 1.045 1.271 1.498 1.725 1.954 2.183 2.413 2.643 2.873 3.104 3.335 3.566 3.796 4.026 4.256 4.485 4.714 4.942 5.169 5.395 5.621 5.846 6.070 6.294 6.517 6.739 6.961 7.183 7.405 7.627 7.848 8.070 8.292 8.514 8.737 8.960 9.184 9.408 9.633 9.858 10.084 10.310 10.537 10.764 -0.692 -0.478 -0.262 -0.044 0.176 0.397 0.619 0.843 1.068 1.294 1.520 1.748 1.977 2.206 2.436 2.666 2.896 3.127 3.358 3.589 3.819 4.049 4.279 4.508 4.737 4.964 5.192 5.418 5.643 5.868 6.092 6.316 6.539 6.761 6.984 7.205 7.427 7.649 7.870 8.092 8.314 8.537 8.759 8.983 9.206 9.430 9.655 9.880 10.106 10.333 10.560 10.787 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300 310 320 330 340 350 360 370 380 390 400 410 420 430 440 450 460 470 480 490 500 2-29 Common Reference Information, Conversions, and Tables Table 2-8. Thermoelectric Voltage in Absolute Millivolts °F 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °F 510 520 530 540 550 560 570 580 590 600 610 620 630 640 650 660 670 680 690 700 710 720 730 740 750 760 770 780 790 800 810 820 830 840 850 860 870 880 890 900 910 920 930 940 950 960 970 980 990 1000 1010 1020 10.787 11.015 11.243 11.472 11.702 11.931 12.161 12.392 12.623 12.854 13.085 13.317 13.549 13.781 14.013 14.246 14.479 14.712 14.945 15.178 15.412 15.646 15.880 16.114 16.349 16.583 16.818 17.053 17.288 17.523 17.759 17.994 18.230 18.466 18.702 18.938 19.174 19.410 19.646 19.883 20.120 20.356 20.593 20.830 21.066 21.303 21.540 21.777 22.014 22.251 22.488 22.725 10.810 11.038 11.266 11.495 11.725 11.954 12.184 12.415 12.646 12.877 13.108 13.340 13.572 13.804 14.036 14.269 14.502 14.735 14.968 15.202 15.435 15.669 15.903 16.138 16.372 16.607 16.841 17.076 17.311 17.547 17.782 18.018 18.253 18.489 18.725 18.961 19.197 19.434 19.670 19.907 20.143 20.380 20.616 20.853 21.090 21.327 21.564 21.801 22.038 22.274 22.511 22.748 10.833 11.061 11.289 11.518 11.748 11.977 12.207 12.438 12.669 12.900 13.131 13.363 13.595 13.827 14.060 14.292 14.525 14.758 14.992 15.225 15.459 15.693 15.927 16.161 16.395 16.630 16.865 17.100 17.335 17.570 17.806 18.041 18.277 18.513 18.749 18.985 19.221 19.457 19.694 19.930 20.167 20.403 20.640 20.877 21.114 21.351 21.587 21.824 22.061 22.298 22.535 22.772 10.855 11.083 11.312 11.541 11.770 12.000 12.230 12.461 12.692 12.923 13.154 13.386 13.618 13.850 14.083 14.316 14.548 14.782 15.015 15.248 15.482 15.716 15.950 16.184 16.419 16.654 16.888 17.123 17.358 17.594 17.829 18.065 18.301 18.536 18.772 19.008 19.245 19.481 19.717 19.954 20.190 20.427 20.664 20.901 21.137 21.374 21.611 21.848 22.085 22.322 22.559 22.796 10.878 11.106 11.335 11.564 11.793 12.023 12.254 12.484 12.715 12.946 13.178 13.409 13.641 13.874 14.106 14.339 14.572 14.805 15.038 15.272 15.505 15.739 15.974 16.208 16.442 16.677 16.912 17.147 17.382 17.617 17.853 18.088 18.324 18.560 18.796 19.032 19.268 19.505 19.741 19.978 20.214 20.451 20.688 20.924 21.161 21.398 21.635 21.872 22.109 22.346 22.582 22.819 10.901 11.129 11.358 11.587 11.816 12.046 12.277 12.507 12.738 12.969 13.201 13.433 13.665 13.897 14.129 14.362 14.595 14.828 15.062 15.295 15.529 15.763 15.997 16.231 16.466 16.700 16.935 17.170 17.406 17.641 17.876 18.112 18.348 18.584 18.820 19.056 19.292 19.528 19.765 20.001 20.238 20.474 20.711 20.948 21.185 21.422 21.659 21.895 22.132 22.369 22.606 22.843 10.924 11.152 11.381 11.610 11.839 12.069 12.300 12.530 12.761 12.992 13.224 13.456 13.688 13.920 14.153 14.385 14.618 14.852 15.085 15.318 15.552 15.786 16.020 16.255 16.489 16.724 16.959 17.194 17.429 17.664 17.900 18.136 18.371 18.607 18.843 19.079 19.316 19.552 19.788 20.025 20.261 20.498 20.735 20.972 21.208 21.445 21.682 21.919 22.156 22.393 22.630 22.867 10.947 11.175 11.404 11.633 11.862 12.092 12.323 12.553 12.784 13.016 13.247 13.479 13.711 13.943 14.176 14.409 14.642 14.875 15.108 15.342 15.576 15.810 16.044 16.278 16.513 16.747 16.982 17.217 17.453 17.688 17.923 18.159 18.395 18.631 18.867 19.103 19.339 19.576 19.812 20.049 20.285 20.522 20.759 20.995 21.232 21.469 21.706 21.943 22.180 22.417 22.654 22.890 10.969 11.198 11.426 11.656 11.885 12.115 12.346 12.576 12.807 13.039 13.270 13.502 13.734 13.967 14.199 14.432 14.665 14.898 15.132 15.365 15.599 15.833 16.067 16.302 16.536 16.771 17.006 17.241 17.476 17.711 17.947 18.183 18.418 18.654 18.890 19.127 19.363 19.599 19.836 20.072 20.309 20.545 20.782 21.019 21.256 21.493 21.730 21.966 22.203 22.440 22.677 22.914 10.992 11.221 11.449 11.679 11.908 12.138 12.369 12.599 12.831 13.062 13.93 13.525 13.757 13.990 14.222 14.455 14.688 14.922 15.155 15.389 15.622 15.856 16.091 16.325 16.560 16.794 17.029 17.264 17.500 17.735 17.971 18.206 18.442 18.678 18.914 19.150 19.386 19.623 19.859 20.096 20.332 20.569 20.806 21.043 21.280 21.516 21.753 21.990 22.227 22.464 22.701 22.938 11.015 11.243 11.472 11.702 11.931 12.161 12.392 12.623 12.854 13.085 13.317 13.549 13.781 14.013 14.246 14.479 14.712 14.945 15.178 15.412 15.646 15.880 16.114 16.349 16.583 16.818 17.053 17.288 17.523 17.759 17.994 18.230 18.466 18.702 18.938 19.174 19.410 19.646 19.883 20.120 20.356 20.593 20.830 21.066 21.303 21.540 21.777 22.014 22.251 22.488 22.725 22.961 510 520 530 540 550 560 570 580 590 600 610 620 630 640 650 660 670 680 690 700 710 720 730 740 750 760 770 780 790 800 810 820 830 840 850 860 870 880 890 900 910 920 930 940 950 960 970 980 990 1000 1010 1020 2-30 Rosemount Inc. Table 2-8. Thermoelectric Voltage in Absolute Millivolts °F 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °F 1030 1040 1050 1060 1070 1080 1090 1100 1110 1120 1130 1140 1150 1160 1170 1180 1190 1200 1210 1220 1230 1240 1250 1260 1270 1280 1290 1300 1310 1320 1330 1340 1350 1360 1370 1380 1390 1400 1410 1420 1430 1440 1450 1460 1470 1480 1490 1500 1510 1520 1530 1540 22.961 23.198 23.435 23.672 23.908 24.145 24.382 24.618 24.854 25.091 25.327 25.563 25.799 26.034 26.270 26.505 26.740 26.975 27.210 27.445 27.679 27.914 28.148 28.382 28.615 28.849 29.082 29.315 29.547 29.780 30.012 30.244 30.475 30.706 30.937 31.168 31.399 31.629 31.859 32.088 32.317 32.546 32.775 33.003 33.231 33.459 33.686 33.913 34.140 34.366 34.593 34.818 22.985 23.222 23.459 23.695 23.932 24.169 24.405 24.642 24.878 25.114 25.350 25.586 25.822 26.058 26.293 26.529 26.764 26.999 27.234 27.468 27.703 27.937 28.171 28.405 28.639 28.872 29.105 29.338 29.570 29.803 30.035 30.267 30.498 30.730 30.961 31.191 31.422 31.652 31.882 32.111 32.340 32.569 32.798 33.026 33.254 33.482 33.709 33.936 34.163 34.389 34.615 34.841 23.009 23.246 23.482 23.719 23.956 24.192 24.429 24.665 24.902 25.138 25.374 25.610 25.846 26.081 26.317 26.552 26.787 27.022 27.257 27.492 27.726 27.961 28.195 28.428 28.662 28.895 29.128 29.361 29.594 29.826 30.058 30.290 30.521 30.753 30.984 31.214 31.445 31.675 31.905 32.134 32.363 32.592 32.821 33.049 33.277 33.504 33.732 33.959 34.185 34.412 34.638 34.863 23.032 23.269 23.506 23.743 23.979 24.216 24.453 24.689 24.925 25.161 25.397 25.633 25.869 26.105 26.340 26.576 26.811 27.046 27.281 27.515 27.750 27.984 28.218 28.452 28.685 28.919 29.152 29.384 29.617 29.849 30.081 30.313 30.545 30.776 31.007 31.237 31.468 31.698 31.927 32.157 32.386 32.615 32.843 33.072 33.300 33.527 33.754 33.981 34.208 34.434 34.660 34.886 23.056 23.293 23.530 23.766 24.003 24.240 24.476 24.713 24.949 25.185 25.421 25.657 25.893 26.128 26.364 26.599 26.834 27.069 27.304 27.539 27.773 28.007 28.241 28.475 28.709 28.942 29.175 29.408 29.640 29.872 30.104 30.336 30.568 30.799 31.030 31.260 31.491 31.721 31.950 32.180 32.409 32.638 32.866 33.094 33.322 33.550 33.777 34.004 34.231 34.457 34.683 34.909 23.080 23.317 23.553 23.790 24.027 24.263 24.500 24.736 24.972 25.209 25.445 25.681 25.916 26.152 26.387 26.623 26.858 27.093 27.328 27.562 27.797 28.031 28.265 28.498 28.732 28.965 29.198 29.431 29.663 29.896 30.128 30.359 30.591 30.822 31.053 31.283 31.514 31.744 31.973 32.203 32.432 32.661 32.889 33.117 33.345 33.573 33.800 34.027 34.253 34.480 34.705 34.931 23.104 23.340 23.577 23.814 24.050 24.287 24.523 24.760 24.996 25.232 25.468 25.704 25.940 26.176 26.411 26.646 26.881 27.116 27.351 27.586 27.820 28.054 28.288 28.522 28.755 28.988 29.221 29.454 29.687 29.919 30.151 30.383 30.614 30.845 31.076 31.306 31.537 31.767 31.996 32.226 32.455 32.683 32.912 33.140 33.368 33.595 33.823 34.049 34.276 34.502 34.728 34.954 23.127 23.364 23.601 23.837 24.074 24.311 24.547 24.783 25.020 25.256 25.492 25.728 25.964 26.199 26.435 26.670 26.905 27.140 27.375 27.609 27.843 28.078 28.311 28.545 28.779 29.012 29.245 29.477 29.710 29.942 30.174 30.406 30.637 30.868 31.099 31.329 31.560 31.790 32.019 32.249 32.478 32.706 32.935 33.163 33.391 33.618 33.845 34.072 34.299 34.525 34.751 34.976 23.151 23.388 23.624 23.861 24.098 24.334 24.571 24.807 25.043 25.279 25.515 25.751 25.987 26.223 26.458 26.693 26.928 27.163 27.398 27.633 27.867 28.101 28.335 28.569 28.802 29.035 29.268 29.501 29.733 29.965 30.197 30.429 30.660 30.891 31.122 31.353 31.583 31.813 32.042 32.272 32.501 32.729 32.958 33.186 33.413 33.641 33.868 34.095 34.321 34.547 34.773 34.999 23.175 23.411 23.648 23.885 24.121 24.358 24.594 24.831 25.067 25.303 25.539 25.775 26.011 26.246 26.482 26.717 26.952 27.187 27.422 27.656 27.890 28.124 28.358 28.592 28.825 29.058 29.291 29.524 29.756 29.989 30.220 30.452 30.683 30.914 31.145 31.376 31.606 31.836 32.065 32.294 32.523 32.752 32.980 33.208 33.436 33.664 33.891 34.117 34.344 34.570 34.796 35.021 23.198 23.435 23.672 23.908 24.145 24.382 24.618 24.854 25.091 25.327 25.563 25.799 26.034 26.270 26.505 26.740 26.975 27.210 27.445 27.679 27.914 28.148 28.382 28.615 28.849 29.082 29.315 29.547 29.780 30.012 30.244 30.475 30.706 30.937 31.168 31.399 31.629 31.859 32.088 32.317 32.546 32.775 33.003 33.231 33.459 33.686 33.913 34.140 34.366 34.593 34.818 35.044 1030 1040 1050 1060 1070 1080 1090 1100 1110 1120 1130 1140 1150 1160 1170 1180 1190 1200 1210 1220 1230 1240 1250 1260 1270 1280 1290 1300 1310 1320 1330 1340 1350 1360 1370 1380 1390 1400 1410 1420 1430 1440 1450 1460 1470 1480 1490 1500 1510 1520 1530 1540 2-31 Common Reference Information, Conversions, and Tables Table 2-8. Thermoelectric Voltage in Absolute Millivolts °F 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °F 1550 1560 1570 1580 1590 1600 1610 1620 1630 1640 1650 1660 1670 1680 1690 1700 1710 1720 1730 1740 1750 1760 1770 1780 1790 1800 1810 1820 1830 1840 1850 1860 1870 1880 1890 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050 2060 35.044 35.269 35.494 35.718 35.942 36.166 36.390 36.613 36.836 37.058 37.280 37.502 37.724 37.945 38.166 38.387 38.607 38.827 39.046 39.266 39.485 39.703 39.922 40.140 40.358 40.575 40.792 41.009 41.225 41.442 41.657 41.873 42.088 42.303 42.518 42.732 42.946 43.159 43.373 43.585 43.798 44.010 44.222 44.434 44.645 44.856 45.066 45.276 45.486 45.695 45.904 46.113 35.066 35.291 35.516 35.741 35.965 36.188 36.412 36.635 36.858 37.080 37.303 37.524 37.746 37.967 38.188 38.409 38.629 38.849 39.068 39.288 39.507 39.725 39.944 40.162 40.379 40.597 40.814 41.031 41.247 41.463 41.679 41.895 42.110 42.325 42.539 42.753 42.967 43.181 43.394 43.607 43.819 44.031 44.243 44.455 44.666 44.877 45.087 45.297 45.507 45.716 45.925 46.134 35.089 35.314 35.539 35.763 35.987 36.211 36.434 36.657 36.880 37.103 37.325 37.547 37.768 37.989 38.210 38.431 38.651 38.871 39.090 39.310 39.529 39.747 39.965 40.183 40.401 40.619 40.836 41.052 41.269 41.485 41.701 41.916 42.131 42.346 42.560 42.775 42.989 43.202 43.415 43.628 43.841 44.053 44.265 44.476 44.687 44.898 45.108 45.318 45.528 45.737 45.946 46.155 35.111 35.336 35.561 35.785 36.009 36.233 36.457 36.680 36.902 37.125 37.347 37.569 37.790 38.011 38.232 38.453 38.673 38.893 39.112 39.331 39.550 39.769 39.987 40.205 40.423 40.640 40.857 41.074 41.290 41.506 41.722 41.938 42.153 42.367 42.582 42.796 43.010 43.223 43.436 43.649 43.862 44.074 44.286 44.497 44.708 44.919 45.129 45.339 45.549 45.758 45.967 46.176 35.134 35.359 35.583 35.808 36.032 36.256 36.479 36.702 36.925 37.147 37.369 37.591 37.812 38.033 38.254 38.475 38.695 38.915 39.134 39.353 39.572 39.791 40.009 40.227 40.445 40.662 40.879 41.096 41.312 41.528 41.744 41.959 42.174 42.389 42.603 42.817 43.031 43.245 43.458 43.671 43.883 44.095 44.307 44.518 44.729 44.940 45.150 45.360 45.570 45.779 45.988 46.196 35.156 35.381 35.606 35.830 36.054 36.278 36.501 36.724 36.947 37.169 37.391 37.613 37.834 38.055 38.276 38.497 38.717 38.937 39.156 39.375 39.594 39.813 40.031 40.249 40.466 40.684 40.901 41.117 41.334 41.550 41.765 41.981 42.196 42.410 42.625 42.839 43.053 43.266 43.479 43.692 43.904 44.116 44.328 44.539 44.750 44.961 45.171 45.381 45.591 45.800 46.009 46.217 35.179 35.404 35.628 35.853 36.077 36.300 36.524 36.746 36.969 37.191 37.413 37.635 37.857 38.078 38.298 38.519 38.739 38.959 39.178 39.397 39.616 39.835 40.053 40.271 40.488 40.705 40.922 41.139 41.355 41.571 41.787 42.002 42.217 42.432 42.646 42.860 43.074 43.287 43.500 43.713 43.925 44.137 44.349 44.560 44.771 44.982 45.192 45.402 45.612 45.821 46.030 46.238 35.201 35.426 35.651 35.875 36.099 36.323 36.546 36.769 36.991 37.214 37.436 37.657 37.879 38.100 38.320 38.541 38.761 38.981 39.200 39.419 39.638 39.856 40.075 40.292 40.510 40.727 40.944 41.161 41.377 41.593 41.808 42.024 42.239 42.453 42.668 42.882 43.095 43.309 43.522 43.734 43.947 44.159 44.370 44.582 44.793 45.003 45.213 45.423 45.633 45.842 46.051 46.259 35.224 35.449 35.673 35.897 36.121 36.345 36.568 36.791 37.014 37.236 37.458 37.679 37.901 38.122 38.342 38.563 38.783 39.003 39.222 39.441 39.660 39.878 40.096 40.314 40.532 40.749 40.966 41.182 41.398 41.614 41.830 42.045 42.260 42.475 42.689 42.903 43.117 43.330 43.543 43.756 43.968 44.180 44.391 44.603 44.814 45.024 45.234 45.444 45.654 45.863 46.071 46.280 35.246 35.471 35.696 35.920 36.144 36.367 36.590 36.813 37.036 37.258 37.480 37.702 37.923 38.144 38.364 38.585 38.805 39.024 39.244 39.463 39.682 39.900 40.118 40.336 40.553 40.770 40.987 41.204 41.420 41.636 41.851 42.067 42.282 42.496 42.710 42.924 43.138 43.351 43.564 43.777 43.989 44.201 44.413 44.624 44.835 45.045 45.255 45.465 45.675 45.884 46.092 46.300 35.269 35.494 35.718 35.942 36.166 36.390 36.613 36.836 37.058 37.280 37.502 37.724 37.945 38.166 38.387 38.607 38.827 39.046 39.266 39.485 39.703 39.922 40.140 40.358 40.575 40.792 41.009 41.225 41.442 41.657 41.873 42.088 42.303 42.518 42.732 42.946 43.159 43.373 43.585 43.798 44.010 44.222 44.434 44.645 44.856 45.066 45.276 45.486 45.695 45.904 46.113 46.321 1550 1560 1570 1580 1590 1600 1610 1620 1630 1640 1650 1660 1670 1680 1690 1700 1710 1720 1730 1740 1750 1760 1770 1780 1790 1800 1810 1820 1830 1840 1850 1860 1870 1880 1890 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050 2060 2-32 Rosemount Inc. Table 2-8. Thermoelectric Voltage in Absolute Millivolts °F 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °F 2070 2080 2090 2100 2110 2120 2130 2140 2150 2160 2170 2180 2190 2200 2210 2220 2230 2240 2250 2260 2270 2280 2290 2300 2310 2320 2330 2340 2350 2360 2370 2380 2390 2400 2410 2420 2430 2440 2450 2460 2470 2480 2490 2500 46.321 46.529 46.737 46.944 47.150 47.356 47.562 47.767 47.972 48.177 48.381 48.584 48.787 48.990 49.192 49.394 49.595 49.796 49.996 50.196 50.395 50.594 50.792 50.990 51.187 51.384 51.580 51.776 51.971 52.165 52.360 52.553 52.747 52.939 53.132 53.324 53.515 53.706 53.897 54.087 54.277 54.466 54.656 54.845 46.342 46.550 46.757 46.964 47.171 47.377 47.583 47.788 47.993 48.197 48.401 48.605 48.808 49.010 49.212 49.414 49.615 49.816 50.016 50.216 50.415 50.614 50.812 51.009 51.207 51.403 51.599 51.795 51.990 52.185 52.379 52.573 52.766 52.959 53.151 53.343 53.534 53.725 53.916 54.106 54.296 54.485 54.675 54.864 46.363 46.571 46.778 46.985 47.191 47.398 47.603 47.808 48.013 48.218 48.422 48.625 48.828 49.031 49.233 49.434 49.635 49.836 50.036 50.236 50.435 50.633 50.832 51.029 51.226 51.423 51.619 51.815 52.010 52.204 52.398 52.592 52.785 52.978 53.170 53.362 53.553 53.744 53.935 54.125 54.315 54.504 54.694 54.882 46.384 46.591 46.799 47.006 47.212 47.418 47.624 47.829 48.034 48.238 48.442 48.645 48.848 49.051 49.253 49.454 49.655 49.856 50.056 50.256 50.455 50.653 50.851 51.049 51.246 51.443 51.639 51.834 52.029 52.224 52.418 52.611 52.805 52.997 53.189 53.381 53.572 53.763 53.954 54.144 54.334 54.523 54.712 46.404 46.612 46.819 47.026 47.233 47.439 47.644 47.849 48.054 48.258 48.462 48.666 48.869 49.071 49.273 49.474 49.675 49.876 50.076 50.276 50.475 50.673 50.871 51.069 51.266 51.462 51.658 51.854 52.049 52.243 52.437 52.631 52.824 53.016 53.209 53.400 53.592 53.782 53.973 54.163 54.353 54.542 54.731 46.425 46.633 46.840 47.047 47.253 47.459 47.665 47.870 48.075 48.279 48.483 48.686 48.889 49.091 49.293 49.495 49.696 49.896 50.096 50.296 50.494 50.693 50.891 51.088 51.285 51.482 51.678 51.873 52.068 52.263 52.457 52.650 52.843 53.136 53.228 53.419 53.611 53.801 53.992 54.182 54.372 54.561 54.750 46.446 46.654 46.861 47.068 47.274 47.480 47.685 47.890 48.095 48.299 48.503 48.706 48.909 49.111 49.313 49.515 49.716 49.916 50.116 50.315 50.514 50.713 50.911 51.108 51.305 51.501 51.697 51.893 52.088 52.282 52.476 52.669 52.862 53.055 53.247 53.439 53.630 53.821 54.011 54.201 54.391 54.580 54.769 46.467 46.674 46.881 47.088 47.295 47.500 47.706 47.911 48.116 48.320 48.523 48.727 48.929 49.132 49.333 49.535 49.736 49.936 50.136 50.335 50.534 50.733 50.930 51.128 51.325 51.521 51.717 51.912 52.107 52.301 52.495 52.689 52.882 53.074 53.266 53.458 53.649 53.840 54.030 54.220 54.410 54.599 54.788 46.488 46.695 46.902 47.109 47.315 47.521 47.726 47.931 48.136 48.340 48.544 48.747 48.950 49.152 49.354 49.555 49.756 49.956 50.156 50.355 50.554 50.752 50.950 51.148 51.344 51.541 51.736 51.932 52.127 52.321 52.515 52.708 52.901 53.093 53.285 53.477 53.668 53.859 54.049 54.239 54.429 54.618 54.807 46.508 46.716 46.923 47.130 47.336 47.542 47.747 47.952 48.156 48.360 48.564 48.767 48.970 49.172 49.374 49.575 49.776 49.976 50.176 50.375 50.574 50.772 50.970 51.167 51.364 51.560 51.756 51.951 52.146 52.340 52.534 52.727 52.920 53.113 53.304 53.496 53.687 53.878 54.068 54.258 54.447 54.637 54.826 46.529 46.737 46.944 47.150 47.356 47.562 47.767 47.972 48.177 48.381 48.584 48.787 48.990 49.192 49.394 49.595 49.796 49.996 50.196 50.395 50.594 50.792 50.990 51.187 51.384 51.580 51.776 51.971 52.165 52.360 52.553 52.747 52.939 53.132 53.324 53.515 53.706 53.897 54.087 54.277 54.466 54.656 54.845 2070 2080 2090 2100 2110 2120 2130 2140 2150 2160 2170 2180 2190 2200 2210 2220 2230 2240 2250 2260 2270 2280 2290 2300 2310 2320 2330 2340 2350 2360 2370 2380 2390 2400 2410 2420 2430 2440 2450 2460 2470 2480 2490 2500 2-33 Common Reference Information, Conversions, and Tables T/C TYPE N THERMOELECTRIC VOLTAGE as a Function of Temperature (°C) Reference Junctions at 0 °C Reference Standard: BS 4937 part 8 Table 2-9. Thermoelectric Voltage in Absolute Millivolts °C 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °C -270 -260 -250 -240 -230 -220 -210 -200 -190 -180 -170 -160 -150 -140 -130 -120 -110 -100 -90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 -4.345 -4.336 -4.313 -4.277 -4.277 -4.162 -4.083 -3.990 -3.884 -3.766 -3.634 -3.491 -3.336 -3.170 -2.994 -2.807 -2.612 -2.407 -2.193 -1.972 -1.744 -1.509 -1.268 -1.023 -0.772 -0.518 -0.260 0.000 0.261 0.525 0.793 1.064 1.339 1.619 1.902 2.188 2.479 2.774 3.072 3.374 3.679 3.988 4.301 4.617 4.936 -4.345 -4.334 -4.310 -4.273 -4.221 -4.155 -4.074 -3.980 -3.873 -3.753 -3.620 -3.476 -3.320 -3.153 -2.976 -2.788 -2.591 -2.386 -2.171 -1.950 -1.721 -1.485 -1.244 -0.998 -0.747 -0.492 -0.234 0.026 0.287 0.551 0.820 1.092 1.367 1.647 1.930 2.217 2.508 2.803 3.102 3.404 3.710 4.019 4.332 4.648 4.968 -4.344 -4.332 -4.307 -4.268 -4.215 -4.147 -4.066 -3.970 -3.862 -3.740 -3.607 -3.461 -3.304 -3.136 -2.957 -2.769 -2.571 -2.365 -2.150 -1.927 -1.697 -1.461 -1.220 -0.973 -0.722 -0.467 -0.208 0.052 0.313 0.578 0.847 1.119 1.395 1.675 1.959 2.246 2.538 2.833 3.132 3.434 3.741 4.050 4.364 4.680 5.000 -4.344 -4.330 -4.304 -4.263 -4.209 -4.140 -4.057 -3.960 -3.850 -3.727 -3.592 -3.446 -3.288 -3.118 -2.939 -2.750 -2.551 -2.343 -2.128 -1.904 -1.674 -1.437 -1.195 -0.948 -0.696 -0.441 -0.183 0.078 0.340 0.605 0.874 1.146 1.423 1.703 1.987 2.275 2.567 2.863 3.162 3.465 3.772 4.082 4.395 4.712 5.032 -4.343 -4.328 -4.300 -4.259 -4.202 -4.132 -4.048 -3.950 -3.838 -3.715 -3.578 -3.430 -3.271 -3.101 -2.921 -2.730 -2.531 -2.322 -2.106 -1.882 -1.651 -1.413 -1.171 -0.923 -0.671 -0.415 -0.157 0.104 0.366 0.632 0.901 1.174 1.451 1.731 2.016 2.304 2.596 2.892 3.192 3.495 3.802 4.113 4.427 4.744 5.064 -4.342 -4.326 -4.297 -4.254 -4.196 -4.124 -4.038 -3.939 -3.827 -3.701 -3.564 -3.415 -3.255 -3.083 -2.902 -2.711 -2.510 -2.301 -2.084 -1.859 -1.627 -1.389 -1.146 -0.898 -0.646 -0.390 -0.130 0.130 0.392 0.658 0.928 1.201 1.479 1.760 2.045 2.333 2.626 2.922 3.222 3.526 3.833 4.144 4.458 4.776 5.097 -4.341 -4.324 -4.293 -4.248 -4.189 -4.116 -4.029 -3.928 -3.815 -3.688 -3.550 -3.399 -3.238 -3.066 -2.883 -2.691 -2.490 -2.280 -2.061 -1.836 -1.604 -1.365 -1.121 -0.873 -0.620 -0.364 -0.104 0.156 0.419 0.685 0.955 1.229 1.506 1.788 2.073 2.362 2.655 2.952 3.252 3.557 3.864 4.175 4.490 4.808 5.129 -4.340 -4.321 -4.289 -4.243 -4.183 -4.108 -4.020 -3.918 -3.803 -3.675 -3.535 -3.384 -3.221 -3.048 -2.864 -2.671 -2.469 -2.258 -2.039 -1.813 -1.580 -1.341 -1.097 -0.848 -0.595 -0.338 -0.078 0.182 0.445 0.712 0.982 1.256 1.534 1.816 2.102 2.392 2.685 2.982 3.283 3.587 3.895 4.207 4.521 4.840 5.161 -4.339 -4.319 -4.285 -4.238 -4.176 -4.100 -4.010 -3.907 -3.790 -3.661 -3.521 -3.368 -3.204 -3.030 -2.846 -2.651 -2.448 -2.237 -2.017 -1.790 -1.556 -1.317 -1.072 -0.823 -0.569 -0.312 -0.052 0.208 0.472 0.739 1.010 1.284 1.562 1.845 2.131 2.421 2.714 3.012 3.313 3.618 3.926 4.238 4.553 4.872 5.193 -4.337 -4.316 -4.281 -4.232 -4.169 -4.091 -4.000 -3.896 -3.778 -3.648 -3.506 -3.352 -3.187 -3.012 -2.827 -2.632 -2.427 -2.215 -1.995 -1.767 -1.533 -1.293 -1.047 -0.797 -0.544 -0.286 -0.026 0.234 0.498 0.766 1.037 1.312 1.591 1.873 2.160 2.450 2.744 3.042 3.343 3.648 3.957 4.269 4.585 4.904 5.226 -4.336 -4.313 -4.277 -4.227 -4.162 -4.083 -3.990 -3.884 -3.766 -3.634 -3.491 -3.336 -3.170 -2.994 -2.807 -2.612 -2.407 -2.193 -1.972 -1.744 -1.509 -1.268 -1.023 -0.772 -0.518 -0.260 0.000 0.261 0.525 0.793 1.064 1.339 1.619 1.902 2.188 2.479 2.774 3.072 3.374 3.679 3.988 4.301 4.617 4.936 5.258 -270 -260 -250 -240 -230 -220 -210 -200 -190 -180 -170 -160 -150 -140 -130 -120 -110 -100 -90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 2-34 Rosemount Inc. Table 2-9. Thermoelectric Voltage in Absolute Millivolts °C 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °C 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300 310 320 330 340 350 360 370 380 390 400 410 420 430 440 450 460 470 480 490 500 510 520 530 540 550 560 570 580 590 600 610 620 630 640 650 660 670 680 690 5.258 5.584 5.912 6.243 6.577 6.914 7.254 7.596 7.940 8.287 8.636 8.987 9.340 9.695 10.053 10.412 10.772 11.135 11.499 11.865 12.233 12.602 12.972 13.344 13.717 14.091 14.467 14.844 15.222 15.601 15.981 16.362 16.744 17.127 17.511 17.896 18.282 18.668 19.055 19.443 19.831 20.220 20.609 20.999 21.390 21.781 22.172 22.564 22.956 23.348 23.740 24.133 5.290 5.616 5.945 6.277 6.611 6.948 7.288 7.630 7.975 8.321 8.671 9.022 9.375 9.731 10.088 10.448 10.809 11.171 11.536 11.902 12.270 12.639 13.009 13.381 13.754 14.129 14.505 14.882 15.260 15.639 16.019 16.400 16.783 17.166 17.550 17.935 18.320 18.707 19.094 19.481 19.870 20.259 20.648 21.038 21.429 21.820 22.211 22.603 22.995 23.387 23.780 24.172 5.323 5.649 5.978 6.310 6.645 6.982 7.322 7.664 8.009 8.356 8.706 9.057 9.411 9.767 10.124 10.484 10.845 11.208 11.572 11.939 12.306 12.676 13.046 13.418 13.792 14.167 14.542 14.919 15.298 15.677 16.057 16.439 16.821 17.204 17.588 17.973 18.359 18.745 19.132 19.520 19.909 20.298 20.687 21.077 21.468 21.859 22.250 22.642 23.034 23.426 23.819 24.212 5.355 5.682 6.011 6.343 6.678 7.016 7.356 7.699 8.044 8.391 8.741 9.093 9.446 9.802 10.160 10.520 10.881 11.244 11.609 11.975 12.343 12.713 13.084 13.456 13.829 14.204 14.580 14.957 15.336 15.715 16.095 16.477 16.859 17.243 17.627 18.012 18.397 18.784 19.171 19.559 19.948 20.337 20.726 21.116 21.507 21.898 22.289 22.681 23.073 23.466 23.858 24.251 5.388 5.715 6.044 6.377 6.712 7.050 7.390 7.733 8.078 8.426 8.776 9.128 9.482 9.838 10.196 10.556 10.917 11.281 11.646 12.012 12.380 12.750 13.121 13.493 13.867 14.242 14.618 14.995 15.373 15.753 16.133 16.515 16.897 17.281 17.665 18.050 18.436 18.823 19.210 19.598 19.986 20.376 20.765 21.155 21.546 21.937 22.329 22.720 23.112 23.505 23.897 24.290 5.420 5.747 6.077 6.410 6.745 7.084 7.424 7.767 8.113 8.461 8.811 9.163 9.517 9.874 10.232 10.592 10.954 11.317 11.682 12.049 12.417 12.787 13.158 13.530 13.904 14.279 14.655 15.033 15.411 15.791 16.172 16.553 16.936 17.319 17.704 18.089 18.475 18.861 19.249 19.637 20.025 20.415 20.804 21.195 21.585 21.976 22.368 22.760 23.152 23.544 23.937 24.329 5.453 5.780 6.110 6.443 6.779 7.118 7.458 7.802 8.148 8.496 8.846 9.198 9.553 9.909 10.268 10.628 10.990 11.354 11.719 12.086 12.454 12.824 13.195 13.568 13.942 14.317 14.693 15.071 15.449 15.829 16.210 16.591 16.974 17.358 17.742 18.127 18.513 18.900 19.287 19.676 20.064 20.453 20.843 21.234 21.624 22.015 22.407 22.799 23.191 23.583 23.976 24.369 5.486 5.813 6.144 6.477 6.813 7.152 7.493 7.836 8.182 8.531 8.881 9.234 9.589 9.945 10.304 10.664 11.026 11.390 11.755 12.122 12.491 12.861 13.232 13.605 13.979 14.354 14.731 15.108 15.487 15.867 16.248 16.630 17.012 17.396 17.781 18.166 18.552 18.939 19.326 19.714 20.103 20.492 20.882 21.273 21.663 22.055 22.446 22.838 23.230 23.623 24.015 24.408 5.518 5.846 6.177 6.510 6.847 7.186 7.527 7.871 8.217 8.566 8.916 9.269 9.624 9.981 10.340 10.700 11.062 11.426 11.792 12.159 12.528 12.898 13.269 13.642 14.017 14.392 14.769 15.146 15.525 15.905 16.286 16.668 17.051 17.434 17.819 18.204 18.591 18.977 19.365 19.753 20.142 20.531 20.921 21.312 21.702 22.094 22.485 22.877 23.269 23.662 24.054 24.447 5.551 5.879 6.210 6.544 6.880 7.220 7.561 7.905 8.252 8.601 8.952 9.305 9.660 10.017 10.376 10.736 11.099 11.463 11.829 12.196 12.565 12.935 13.307 13.680 14.054 14.430 14.806 15.184 15.563 15.943 16.324 16.706 17.089 17.473 17.858 18.243 18.629 19.016 19.404 19.792 20.181 20.570 20.960 21.351 21.742 22.133 22.524 22.916 23.309 23.701 24.094 24.487 5.584 5.912 6.243 6.577 6.914 7.254 7.596 7.940 8.287 8.636 8.987 9.340 9.695 10.053 10.412 10.772 11.135 11.499 11.865 12.233 12.602 12.972 13.344 13.717 14.091 14.467 14.844 15.222 15.601 15.981 16.362 16.744 17.127 17.511 17.896 18.282 18.668 19.055 19.443 19.831 20.220 20.609 20.999 21.390 21.781 22.172 22.564 22.956 23.348 23.740 24.133 24.526 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300 310 320 330 340 350 360 370 380 390 400 410 420 430 440 450 460 470 480 490 500 510 520 530 540 550 560 570 580 590 600 610 620 630 640 650 660 670 680 690 2-35 Common Reference Information, Conversions, and Tables Table 2-9. Thermoelectric Voltage in Absolute Millivolts °C 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °C 700 710 720 730 740 750 760 770 780 790 800 810 820 830 840 850 860 870 880 890 900 910 920 930 940 950 960 970 980 990 1000 1010 1020 1030 1040 1050 1060 1070 1080 1090 1100 1110 1120 1130 1140 1150 1160 1170 1180 1190 1200 1210 24.526 24.919 25.312 25.705 26.098 26.491 26.885 27.278 27.671 28.063 28.456 28.849 29.241 29.633 30.025 30.417 30.808 31.199 31.590 31.980 32.370 32.760 33.149 33.538 33.926 34.315 34.702 35.089 35.476 35.862 36.248 36.633 37.018 37.402 37.786 38.169 38.552 38.934 39.315 39.696 40.076 40.456 40.835 41.213 41.590 41.966 42.342 42.717 43.091 43.464 43.836 44.207 24.565 24.958 25.351 25.744 26.138 26.531 26.924 27.317 27.710 28.103 28.495 28.888 29.280 29.672 30.064 30.456 30.847 31.238 31.629 32.019 32.409 32.799 33.188 33.577 33.965 34.353 34.741 35.128 35.515 35.901 36.287 36.672 37.057 37.441 37.825 38.208 38.590 38.972 39.354 39.734 40.114 40.494 40.872 41.250 41.628 42.004 42.380 42.754 43.128 43.501 43.873 44.244 24.604 24.997 25.391 25.784 26.177 26.570 26.963 27.356 27.749 28.142 28.535 28.927 29.319 29.712 30.103 30.495 30.886 31.277 31.668 32.058 32.448 32.838 33.227 33.616 34.004 34.392 34.780 35.167 35.553 35.940 36.325 36.710 37.095 37.479 37.863 38.246 38.628 39.010 39.392 39.772 40.152 40.532 40.910 41.288 41.665 42.042 42.417 42.792 43.166 43.538 43.910 44.281 24.644 25.037 25.430 25.823 26.216 26.609 27.002 27.396 27.788 28.181 28.574 28.966 29.359 29.751 30.143 30.534 30.925 31.316 31.707 32.097 32.487 32.877 33.266 33.655 34.043 34.431 34.818 35.205 35.592 35.978 36.364 36.749 37.134 37.518 37.901 38.284 38.667 39.049 39.430 39.810 40.190 40.570 40.948 41.326 41.703 42.079 42.455 42.829 43.203 43.576 43.948 44.318 24.683 25.076 25.469 25.862 26.255 26.649 27.042 27.435 27.828 28.221 28.613 29.006 29.398 29.790 30.182 30.573 30.964 31.355 31.746 32.136 32.526 32.916 33.305 33.693 34.082 34.470 34.857 35.244 35.631 36.017 36.402 36.787 37.172 37.556 37.940 38.323 38.705 39.087 39.468 39.848 40.228 40.607 40.986 41.364 41.741 42.117 42.492 42.867 43.240 43.613 43.985 44.355 24.722 25.115 25.508 25.902 26.295 26.688 27.081 27.474 27.867 28.260 28.652 29.045 29.437 29.829 30.221 30.612 31.004 31.394 31.785 32.175 32.565 32.955 33.344 33.732 34.121 34.508 34.896 35.283 35.669 36.055 36.441 36.826 37.210 37.594 37.978 38.361 38.743 39.125 39.506 39.886 40.266 40.645 41.024 41.401 41.778 42.154 42.530 42.904 43.278 43.650 44.022 44.393 24.762 25.155 25.548 25.941 26.334 26.727 27.120 27.513 27.906 28.299 28.692 29.084 29.476 29.868 30.260 30.652 31.043 31.434 31.824 32.214 32.604 32.993 33.382 33.771 34.159 34.547 34.935 35.321 35.708 36.094 36.479 36.864 37.249 37.633 38.016 38.399 38.781 39.163 39.544 39.924 40.304 40.683 41.062 41.439 41.816 42.192 42.567 42.941 43.315 43.687 44.059 44.430 24.801 25.194 25.587 25.980 26.373 26.767 27.160 27.553 27.946 28.338 28.731 29.123 29.516 29.908 30.299 30.691 31.082 31.473 31.863 32.253 32.643 33.032 33.421 33.810 34.198 34.586 34.973 35.360 35.747 36.132 36.518 36.903 37.287 37.671 38.055 38.437 38.819 39.201 39.582 39.962 40.342 40.721 41.099 41.477 41.854 42.229 42.605 42.979 43.352 43.725 44.096 44.467 24.840 25.233 25.626 26.020 26.413 26.806 27.199 27.592 27.985 28.378 28.770 29.163 29.555 29.947 30.338 30.730 31.121 31.512 31.902 32.292 32.682 33.071 33.460 33.849 34.237 34.625 35.012 35.399 35.785 36.171 36.556 36.941 37.326 37.710 38.093 38.476 38.858 39.239 39.620 40.000 40.380 40.759 41.137 41.515 41.891 42.267 42.642 43.016 43.389 43.762 44.133 44.504 24.879 25.273 25.666 26.059 26.452 26.845 27.238 27.631 28.024 28.417 28.809 29.202 29.594 29.986 30.378 30.769 31.160 31.551 31.941 32.331 32.721 33.110 33.499 33.888 34.276 34.663 35.051 35.437 35.824 36.210 36.595 36.980 37.364 37.748 38.131 38.514 38.896 39.277 39.658 40.038 40.418 40.797 41.175 41.552 41.929 42.305 42.680 43.054 43.427 43.799 44.170 44.541 24.919 25.312 25.705 26.098 26.491 26.885 27.278 27.671 28.063 28.456 28.849 29.241 29.633 30.025 30.417 30.808 31.199 31.590 31.980 32.370 32.760 33.149 33.538 33.926 34.315 34.702 35.089 35.476 35.862 36.248 36.633 37.018 37.402 37.786 38.169 38.552 38.934 39.315 39.696 40.076 40.456 40.835 41.213 41.590 41.966 42.342 42.717 43.091 43.464 43.836 44.207 44.577 700 710 720 730 740 750 760 770 780 790 800 810 820 830 840 850 860 870 880 890 900 910 920 930 940 950 960 970 980 990 1000 1010 1020 1030 1040 1050 1060 1070 1080 1090 1100 1110 1120 1130 1140 1150 1160 1170 1180 1190 1200 1210 2-36 Rosemount Inc. Table 2-9. Thermoelectric Voltage in Absolute Millivolts °C 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °C 1220 1230 1240 1250 1260 1270 1280 1290 44.577 44.947 45.315 45.682 46.048 46.413 46.777 47.140 44.614 44.984 45.352 45.719 46.085 46.449 46.813 47.176 44.651 45.020 45.388 45.755 46.121 46.486 46.850 47.212 44.688 45.057 45.425 45.792 46.158 46.522 46.886 47.249 44.725 45.094 45.462 45.828 46.194 46.559 46.922 47.285 44.762 45.131 45.498 45.865 46.231 46.595 46.959 47.321 44.799 45.168 45.535 45.902 46.267 46.631 46.995 47.357 44.836 45.204 45.572 45.938 46.304 46.668 47.031 47.393 44.873 45.241 45.609 45.975 46.340 46.704 47.067 47.430 44.910 45.278 45.645 46.011 46.377 46.741 47.104 47.466 44.947 45.315 45.682 46.048 46.413 46.777 47.140 47.502 1220 1230 1240 1250 1260 1270 1280 1290 T/C TYPE N THERMOELECTRIC VOLTAGE as a Function of Temperature (°F) Reference Junctions at 32 °F Reference Standard: BS 4937 part 8 Table 2-10. Thermoelectric Voltage in Absolute Millivolts °F -460 -450 -440 -430 -420 -410 -400 -390 -380 370 -360 -350 -340 -330 -320 -310 -300 -290 -280 -270 -260 -250 -3.354 -230 -220 -210 -200 -190 -180 -170 -160 -150 -140 0 -4.344 -4.339 -4.330 -4.316 -4.299 -4.277 -4.251 -4.220 4.185 4.145 4.102 4.054 4.001 -3.945 -3.884 -3.820 -3.752 -3.679 -3.603 -3.524 -3.441 -3.354 -3.264 -3.170 -3.074 -2.974 -2.871 -2.765 -2.656 -2.544 -2.430 -2.313 1 -4.344 -4.338 -4.329 -4.315 -4.297 -4.275 -4.248 -4.217 4.181 4.141 4.097 4.049 -3.996 -3.939 -3.878 -3.813 -3.745 -3.672 -3.596 -3.516 -3.432 -3.345 -3.255 -3.161 -3.064 -2.964 -2.860 -2.754 -2.645 -2.533 -2.418 -2.301 2 -4.343 -4.337 -4.327 -4.313 -4.295 -4.272 -4.245 -4.213 4.177 4.137 4.092 4.043 -3.990 -3.933 -3.872 -3.807 -3.737 -3.664 -3.588 -3.507 -3.424 -3.336 -3.245 -3.151 -3.054 -2.953 -2.850 -2.743 -2.634 -2.521 -2.407 -2.289 3 -4.343 -4.337 -4.326 -4.312 -4.293 -4.270 -4.242 -4.210 4.174 4.133 4.088 4.038 -3.985 -3.927 -3.865 -3.800 -3.730 -3.657 -3.580 -3.499 -3.415 -3.327 -3.236 -3.142 -3.044 -2.943 -2.839 -2.732 -2.623 -2.510 -2.395 -2.277 4 -4.343 -4.336 -4.325 -4.310 -4.291 -4.267 -4.239 -4.207 4.170 4.128 4.083 4.033 -3.979 -3.921 -3.859 -3.793 -3.723 -3.649 -3.572 -3.491 -3.406 -3.318 -3.227 -3.132 -3.034 -2.933 -2.829 -2.722 -2.612 -2.499 -2.383 -2.265 5 6 7 8 9 10 °F -4.342 -4.335 -4.324 -4.308 -4.289 -4.264 -4.236 -4.203 4.166 4.124 4.078 4.028 -3.974 -3.915 -3.853 -3.786 -3.716 -3.642 -3.564 -3.483 -3.398 -3.309 -3.217 -3.122 -3.024 -2.923 -2.818 -2.711 -2.600 -2.487 -2.372 -2.253 -4.345 -4.341 -4.334 -4.322 -4.306 -4.286 -4.262 -4.233 4.200 4.162 4.120 4.073 4.023 -3.968 -3.909 -3.846 -3.779 -3.709 -3.634 -3.556 -3.474 -3.389 -3.300 -3.208 -3.113 -3.014 -2.912 -2.807 -2.700 -2.589 -2.476 -2.360 -2.241 -4.345 -4.341 -4.333 -4.321 -4.305 -4.284 -4.259 -4.230 4.196 4.158 4.115 4.058 4.017 -3.962 -3.903 -3.840 -3.772 -3.701 -3.627 -3.548 -3.466 -3.380 -3.291 -3.199 -3.103 -3.004 -2.902 -2.797 -2.689 -2.578 -2.464 -2.348 -2.229 -4.345 -4.340 -4.332 -4.319 -4.303 -4.282 -4.256 -4.227 4.192 4.154 4.111 4.064 4.012 -3.957 -3.897 -3.833 -3.766 -3.694 -3.619 -3.540 -3.458 -3.372 -3.282 -3.189 -3.093 -2.994 -2.892 -2.786 -2.678 -2.567 -2.453 -2.336 -2.217 -4.344 -4.340 -4.332 -4.318 -4.301 -4.279 -4.254 -4.223 4.189 4.150 4.106 4.059 4.007 -3.951 -3.891 -3.827 -3.759 -3.687 -3.611 -3.532 -3.449 -3.363 -3.273 -3.180 -3.083 -2.984 -2.881 -2.775 -2.667 -2.555 -2.441 -2.325 -2.205 -4.344 -4.339 -4.330 -4.316 -4.299 -4.277 -4.251 -4.220 4.185 4.145 4.102 4.054 4.001 -3.945 -3.884 -3.820 -3.752 -3.679 -3.603 -3.524 -3.441 -3.354 -3.264 -3.170 -3.074 -2.974 -2.871 -2.765 -2.656 -2.544 -2.430 -2.313 -2.193 -460 -450 -440 -430 -420 -410 -400 -390 -380 370 -360 -350 -340 -330 -320 -310 -300 -290 -280 -270 -260 -250 -240 -230 -220 -210 -200 -190 -180 -170 -160 -150 -140 2-37 Common Reference Information, Conversions, and Tables Table 2-10. Thermoelectric Voltage in Absolute Millivolts °F 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °F -130 -120 -110 -100 -90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300 310 320 330 340 350 360 370 380 -2.193 -2.071 -1.947 -1.821 -1.692 -1.562 -1.429 -1.295 -1.160 -1.023 -0.884 -0.744 -0.603 -0.461 -0.318 -0.174 -0.029 0.115 0.261 0.407 0.554 0.703 0.853 1.003 1.156 1.309 1.463 1.619 1.775 1.933 2.092 2.253 2.414 2.577 2.741 2.906 3.072 3.239 3.407 3.577 3.748 3.919 4.092 4.266 4.441 4.617 4.794 4.971 5.150 5.330 5.511 5.693 -2.181 -2.059 -1.935 -1.808 -1.679 -1.549 -1.416 -1.282 -1.146 -1.009 -0.870 -0.730 -0.589 -0.447 -0.303 -0.159 -0.015 0.130 0.275 0.422 0.569 0.718 0.868 1.019 1.171 1.324 1.479 1.634 1.791 1.949 2.108 2.269 2.430 2.593 2.757 2.922 3.088 3.256 3.424 3.594 3.765 3.936 4.109 4.283 4.458 4.634 4.811 4.989 5.168 5.348 5.529 5.711 -2.169 -2.047 -1.922 -1.795 -1.666 -1.535 -1.403 -1.268 -1.132 -0.995 -0.856 -0.716 -0.575 -0.432 -0.289 -0.145 0.000 0.144 0.290 0.436 0.584 0.733 0.883 1.034 1.186 1.339 1.494 1.650 1.807 1.965 2.124 2.285 2.447 2.610 2.774 2.939 3.105 3.273 3.441 3.611 3.782 3.954 4.127 4.301 4.476 4.652 4.829 5.007 5.186 5.366 5.547 5.729 -2.157 -2.034 -1.909 -1.782 -1.653 -1.522 -1.389 -1.255 -1.119 -0.981 -0.842 -0.702 -0.561 -0.418 -0.275 -0.130 0.014 0.159 0.304 0.451 0.599 0.748 0.898 1.049 1.201 1.355 1.510 1.666 1.823 1.981 2.140 2.301 2.463 2.626 2.790 2.955 3.122 3.289 3.458 3.628 3.799 3.971 4.144 4.318 4.493 4.670 4.847 5.025 5.204 5.384 5.565 5.747 -2.145 -2.022 -1.897 -1.770 -1.640 -1.509 -1.376 -1.241 -1.105 -0.967 -0.828 -0.688 -0.546 -0.404 -0.260 -0.116 0.029 0.173 0.319 0.466 0.614 0.763 0.913 1.064 1.217 1.370 1.525 1.681 1.838 1.997 2.156 2.317 2.479 2.642 2.807 2.972 3.139 3.306 3.475 3.645 3.816 3.988 4.161 4.336 4.511 4.687 4.865 5.043 5.222 5.402 5.584 5.766 -2.133 -2.009 -1.884 -1.757 -1.627 -1.496 -1.363 -1.228 -1.091 -0.953 -0.814 -0.674 -0.532 -0.390 -0.246 -0.102 0.043 0.188 0.334 0.481 0.629 0.778 0.928 1.079 1.232 1.386 1.541 1.697 1.854 2.013 2.172 2.333 2.495 2.659 2.823 2.989 3.155 3.323 3.492 3.662 3.833 4.005 4.179 4.353 4.529 4.705 4.882 5.061 5.240 5.420 5.602 5.784 -2.120 -1.997 -1.871 -1.744 -1.614 -1.483 -1.349 -1.214 -1.078 -0.940 -0.800 -0.660 -0.518 -0.375 -0.232 -0.087 0.058 0.202 0.348 0.495 0.643 0.793 0.943 1.095 1.247 1.401 1.556 1.713 1.870 2.029 2.188 2.349 2.512 2.675 2.840 3.005 3.172 3.340 3.509 3.679 3.850 4.023 4.196 4.371 4.546 4.723 4.900 5.079 5.258 5.439 5.620 5.802 -2.108 -1.985 -1.859 -1.731 -1.601 -1.469 -1.336 -1.201 -1.064 -0.926 -0.786 -0.646 -0.504 -0.361 -0.217 -0.073 0.072 0.217 0.363 0.510 0.658 0.808 0.958 1.110 1.263 1.417 1.572 1.728 1.886 2.045 2.204 2.366 2.528 2.691 2.856 3.022 3.189 3.357 3.526 3.696 3.868 4.040 4.214 4.388 4.564 4.740 4.918 5.097 5.276 5.457 5.638 5.820 -2.096 -1.972 -1.846 -1.718 -1.588 -1.456 -1.322 -1.187 -1.050 -0.912 -0.772 -0.631 -0.489 -0.347 -0.203 -0.058 0.087 0.232 0.378 0.525 0.673 0.823 0.973 1.125 1.278 1.432 1.587 1.744 1.902 2.060 2.221 2.382 2.544 2.708 2.873 3.038 3.205 3.374 3.543 3.713 3.885 4.057 4.231 4.406 4.581 4.758 4.936 5.114 5.294 5.475 5.656 5.839 -2.084 -1.960 -1.833 -1.705 -1.575 -1.443 -1.309 -1.173 -1.036 -0.898 -0.758 -0.617 -0.475 -0.332 -0.188 -0.044 0.101 0.246 0.392 0.540 0.688 0.838 0.988 1.140 1.293 1.448 1.603 1.760 1.917 2.076 2.237 2.398 2.561 2.724 2.889 3.055 3.222 3.391 3.560 3.730 3.902 4.075 4.248 4.423 4.599 4.776 4.954 5.132 5.312 5.493 5.674 5.857 -2.071 -1.947 -1.821 -1.692 -1.562 -1.429 -1.295 -1.160 -1.023 -0.884 -0.744 -0.603 -0.461 -0.318 -0.174 -0.029 0.115 0.261 0.407 0.554 0.703 0.853 1.003 1.156 1.309 1.463 1.619 1.775 1.933 2.092 2.253 2.414 2.577 2.741 2.906 3.072 3.239 3.407 3.577 3.748 3.919 4.092 4.266 4.441 4.617 4.794 4.971 5.150 5.330 5.511 5.693 5.875 -130 -120 -110 -100 -90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300 310 320 330 340 350 360 370 380 2-38 Rosemount Inc. Table 2-10. Thermoelectric Voltage in Absolute Millivolts °F 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °F 390 400 410 420 430 440 450 460 470 480 490 500 510 520 530 540 550 560 570 580 590 600 610 620 630 640 650 660 670 680 690 700 710 720 730 740 750 760 770 780 790 800 810 820 830 840 850 860 870 880 890 900 5.875 6.059 6.243 6.429 6.615 6.802 6.989 7.178 7.367 7.557 7.748 7.940 8.132 8.325 8.519 8.713 8.909 9.104 9.301 9.498 9.695 9.894 10.092 10.292 10.492 10.692 10.893 11.095 11.297 11.499 11.703 11.906 12.110 12.315 12.520 12.725 12.931 13.137 13.344 13.551 13.759 13.967 14.175 14.384 14.593 14.802 15.012 15.222 15.432 15.643 15.854 16.066 5.894 6.077 6.262 6.447 6.633 6.820 7.008 7.197 7.386 7.576 7.767 7.959 8.152 8.345 8.538 8.733 8.928 9.124 9.320 9.517 9.715 9.913 10.112 10.312 10.512 10.712 10.913 11.115 11.317 11.520 11.723 11.926 12.131 12.335 12.540 12.746 12.952 13.158 13.365 13.572 13.779 13.987 14.196 14.404 14.614 14.823 15.033 15.243 15.453 15.664 15.875 16.087 5.912 6.096 6.280 6.466 6.652 6.839 7.027 7.216 7.405 7.596 7.787 7.978 8.171 8.364 8.558 8.3752 8.948 9.144 9.340 9.537 9.735 9.933 10.132 10.332 10.532 10.732 10.933 11.135 11.337 11.540 11.743 11.947 12.151 12.356 12.561 12.766 12.972 13.179 13.385 13.593 13.800 14.008 14.217 14.425 14.634 14.844 15.054 15.264 15.475 15.685 15.897 16.108 5.930 6.114 6.299 6.484 6.671 6.858 7.046 7.235 7.424 7.615 7.806 7.998 8.190 8.383 8.577 8.772 8.967 9.163 9.360 9.557 9.755 9.953 10.152 10.352 10.552 10.752 10.954 11.155 11.358 11560 11.764 11.967 12.171 12.376 12.581 12.787 12.993 13.199 13.406 13.613 13.821 14.029 14.237 14.446 14.655 14.865 15.075 15.285 15.496 15.707 15.918 16.129 5.949 6.132 6.317 6.503 6.689 6.877 7.065 7.254 7.443 7.634 7.825 8.017 8.209 8.403 8.597 8.791 8.987 9.183 9.379 9.577 9.775 9.973 10.172 10.372 10.572 10.772 10.974 11.176 11.378 11.581 11.784 11.988 12.192 12.397 12.602 12.807 13.013 13.220 13.427 13.634 13.842 14.050 14.258 14.467 14.676 14.886 15.096 15.306 15.517 15.728 15.939 16.150 5.967 6.151 6.336 6.521 6.708 6.895 7.084 7.273 7.462 7.653 7.844 8.036 8.229 8.422 8.616 8.811 9.006 9.202 9.399 9.596 9.794 9.993 10.192 10.392 10.592 10.793 10.994 11.196 11.398 11.601 11.804 12.008 12.212 12.417 12.622 12.828 13.034 13.241 13.447 13.655 13.863 14.071 14.279 14.488 14.697 14.907 15.117 15.327 15.538 15.749 15.960 16.172 5.985 6.169 6.354 6.540 6.727 6.914 7.102 7.291 7.481 7.672 7.863 8.055 8.248 8.441 8.636 8.830 9.026 9.2222 9.419 9.616 9.814 10.013 10.212 10.412 10.612 10.813 11.014 11.216 11.418 11.621 11.825 12.028 12.233 12.438 12.643 12.849 13.055 13.261 13.468 13.676 13.883 14.091 14.300 14.509 14.718 14.928 15.138 15.348 15.559 15.770 15.981 16.193 6.004 6.188 6.373 6.559 6.745 6.933 7.121 7.310 7.500 7.691 7.882 8.075 8.267 8.461 8.655 8.850 9.046 9.242 9.439 9.636 9.834 10.033 10.232 10.432 10.632 10.833 11.034 11.236 11.439 11.642 11.845 12.049 12.253 12.458 12.663 12.869 13.075 13.282 13.489 13.696 13.904 14.112 14.321 14.530 14.739 14.949 15.159 15.369 15.580 15.791 16.002 16.214 6.022 6.206 6.391 6.577 6.764 6.952 7.140 7.329 7.519 7.710 7.902 8.094 8.287 8.480 8.675 8.870 9.065 9.261 9.458 9.656 9.854 10.053 10.252 10.452 10.652 10.853 11.054 11.256 11.459 11.662 11.865 12.069 12.274 12.479 12.684 12.890 13.096 13.303 13.510 13.717 13.925 14.133 14.342 14.551 14.760 14.970 15.180 15.390 15.601 15.812 16.023 16.235 6.040 6.225 6.410 6.596 6.783 6.971 7.159 7.348 7.538 7.729 7.921 8.113 8.305 8.500 8.694 8.889 9.085 9.281 9.478 9.676 9.874 10.072 10.272 10.472 10.672 10.873 11.075 11.277 11.479 11.682 11.886 12.090 12.294 12.499 12.705 12.910 13.117 13.323 13.530 13.738 13.946 14.154 14.363 14.572 14.781 14.991 15.201 15.411 15.622 15.833 16.045 16.256 6.059 6.243 6.429 6.615 6.802 6.989 7.178 7.367 7.557 7.748 7.940 8.132 8.325 8.519 8.713 8.909 9.104 9.301 9.498 9.695 9.894 70.092 10.292 10.492 10.692 10.893 11.095 11.297 11.499 11.703 11.906 12.110 12.315 12.520 12.725 12.931 13.137 13.344 13.551 13.759 13.967 14.175 14.384 14.593 14.802 15.012 15.222 15.432 15.643 15.854 16.066 16.278 390 400 410 420 430 440 450 460 470 480 490 500 510 520 530 540 550 560 570 580 590 600 610 620 630 640 650 660 670 680 690 700 710 720 730 740 750 760 770 780 790 800 810 820 830 840 850 860 870 880 890 900 2-39 Common Reference Information, Conversions, and Tables Table 2-10. Thermoelectric Voltage in Absolute Millivolts °F 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °F 910 920 930 940 950 960 970 980 990 1000 1010 1020 1030 1040 1050 1060 1070 1080 1090 1100 1110 1120 1130 1140 1150 1160 1170 1180 1190 1200 1210 1220 1230 1240 1250 1260 1270 1280 1290 1300 1310 1320 1330 1340 1350 1360 1370 1380 1390 1400 1410 1420 16.278 16.490 16.702 16.915 17.127 17.341 17.554 17.768 17.982 18.196 18.410 18.625 18.840 19.055 19.270 19.486 19.701 19.917 20.133 20.350 20.566 20.783 20.999 21.216 21.433 21.650 21.868 22.085 22.302 22.520 22.738 22.956 23.173 23.391 23.609 23.828 24.046 24.264 24.482 24.700 24.919 25.137 25.356 25.574 25.792 26.011 26.229 26.448 26.666 26.885 27.103 27.321 16.299 16.511 16.723 16.936 17.149 17.362 17.575 17.789 18.003 18.217 18.432 18.646 18.861 19.076 19.292 19.507 19.723 19.939 20.155 20.371 20.588 20.804 21.021 21.238 21.455 21.672 21.889 22.107 22.324 22.542 22.760 22.977 23.195 23.413 23.631 23.849 24.068 24.286 24.504 24.722 24.941 25.159 25.377 25.596 25.814 26.033 26.251 26.470 26.688 26.906 27.125 27.343 16.320 16.532 16.744 16.957 17.170 17.383 17.597 17.811 18.025 18.239 18.453 18.668 18.883 19.098 19.313 19.529 19.745 19.961 20.177 20.393 20.609 20.826 21.043 21.260 21.477 21.694 21.911 22.128 22.346 22.564 22.781 22.999 23.217 23.435 23.653 23.871 24.089 24.308 24.526 24.744 24.962 25.181 25.399 25.618 25.836 26.055 26.273 26.491 26.710 26.928 27.147 27.365 16.341 16.553 16.766 16.978 17.191 17.405 17.618 17.832 18.046 18.260 18.475 18.689 18.904 19.120 19.335 19.550 19.766 19.982 20.198 20.415 20.631 20.848 21.064 21.281 21.498 21.716 21.933 22.150 22.368 22.585 22.803 23.021 23.239 23.457 23.675 23.893 24.111 24.329 24.548 24.766 24.984 25.203 25.421 25.640 25.858 26.076 26.295 26.513 26.732 26.950 27.168 27.387 16.362 16.574 16.787 17.000 17.213 17.426 17.639 17.853 18.067 18.282 18.496 18.711 18.926 19.141 19.356 19.572 19.788 20.004 20.220 20.436 20.653 20.869 21.086 21.303 21.520 21.737 21.955 22.172 22.390 22.607 22.825 23.043 23.261 23.479 23.697 23.915 24.133 24.351 24.569 24.788 25.006 25.225 25.443 25.661 25.880 26.098 26.317 26.535 26.753 26.972 27.190 27.409 16.383 16.596 16.808 17.021 17.234 17.447 17.661 17.875 18.089 18.303 18.518 18.732 18.947 19.163 19.378 19.594 19.809 20.025 20.241 20.458 20.674 20.891 21.108 21.325 21.542 21.759 21.976 22.194 22.411 22.629 22.847 23.064 23.282 23.500 23.718 23.937 24.155 24.373 24.591 24.810 25.028 25.246 25.465 25.683 25.902 26.120 26.338 26.557 26.775 26.994 27.212 27.430 16.405 16.617 16.829 17.042 17.255 17.469 17.682 17.896 18.110 18.325 18.539 18.754 18.969 19.184 19.400 19.615 19.831 20.047 20.263 20.479 20.696 20.913 21.129 21.346 21.563 21.781 21.998 22.215 22.433 22.651 22.868 23.086 23.304 23.522 23.740 23.958 24.177 24.395 24.613 24.831 25.050 25.268 25.487 25.705 25.923 26.142 26.360 26.579 26.797 27.016 27.234 27.452 16.426 16.638 16.851 17.064 17.277 17.490 17.704 17.917 18.132 18.346 18.561 18.775 18.990 19.206 19.421 19.637 19.853 20.069 20.285 20.501 20.718 20.934 21.151 21.368 21.585 21.802 22.020 22.237 22.455 22.672 22.890 23.108 23.326 23.544 23.762 23.980 24.198 24.417 24.635 24.853 25.072 25.290 25.508 25.727 25.945 26.164 26.382 26.601 26.819 27.037 27.256 27.474 16.447 16.659 16.872 17.085 17.298 17.511 17.725 17.939 18.153 18.367 18.582 18.797 19.012 19.227 19.443 19.658 19.874 20.090 20.306 20.523 20.739 20.956 21.173 21.390 21.607 21.824 22.041 22.259 22.477 22.694 22.912 23.130 23.348 23.566 23.784 24.002 24.220 24.439 24.657 24.875 25.093 25.312 25.530 25.749 25.967 26.186 26.404 26.622 26.841 27.059 27.278 27.496 16.468 16.681 16.893 17.106 17.319 17.533 17.746 17.960 18.174 18.389 18.603 18.818 19.033 19.249 19.464 19.680 19.896 20.112 20.328 20.544 20.761 20.978 21.195 21.411 21.629 21.846 22.063 22.281 22.498 22.716 22.934 23.152 23.370 23.588 23.806 24.024 24.242 24.460 24.679 24.897 25.115 25.334 25.552 25.771 25.989 26.207 26.426 26.644 26.863 27.081 27.299 27.518 16.490 16.702 16.915 17.127 17.341 17.554 17.768 17.982 18.196 18.410 18.625 18.840 19.055 19.270 19.486 19.701 19.917 20.133 20.350 20.566 20.783 20.999 21.216 21.433 21.650 21.868 22.085 22.302 22.520 22.738 22.956 23.173 23.391 23.609 23.828 24.046 24.264 24.482 24.700 24.919 25.137 25.356 25.574 25.792 26.011 26.229 26.448 26.666 26.885 27.103 27.321 27.540 910 920 930 940 950 960 970 980 990 1000 1010 1020 1030 1040 1050 1060 1070 1080 1090 1100 1110 1120 1130 1140 1150 1160 1170 1180 1190 1200 1210 1220 1230 1240 1250 1260 1270 1280 1290 1300 1310 1320 1330 1340 1350 1360 1370 1380 1390 1400 1410 1420 2-40 Rosemount Inc. Table 2-10. Thermoelectric Voltage in Absolute Millivolts °F 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °F 1430 1440 1450 1460 1470 1480 1490 1500 1510 1520 1530 1540 1550 1560 1570 1580 1590 1600 1610 1620 1630 1640 1650 1660 1670 1680 1690 1700 1710 1720 1730 1740 1750 1760 1770 1780 1790 1800 1810 1820 1830 1840 1850 1860 1870 1880 1890 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 27.540 27.758 27.976 28.194 28.413 28.631 28.849 29.067 29.285 29.502 29.720 29.938 30.156 30.373 30.591 30.808 31.025 31.242 31.460 31.677 31.893 32.110 32.327 32.543 32.760 32.976 33.192 33.408 33.624 33.840 34.056 34.271 34.487 34.702 34.917 35.132 35.347 35.562 35.777 35.991 36.205 36.419 36.633 36.847 37.061 37.274 37.488 37.701 37.914 38.127 38.340 38.552 27.561 27.780 27.998 28.216 28.434 28.652 28.871 29.088 29.306 29.524 29.742 29.960 30.177 30.395 30.612 30.830 31.047 31.264 31.481 31.698 31.915 32.13 32.349 32.565 32.781 32.998 33.214 33.430 33.646 33.862 34.077 34.293 34.508 34.724 34.939 35.154 35.369 35.583 35.798 36.012 36.227 36.441 36.655 36.869 37.082 37.296 37.509 37.722 37.935 38.148 38.361 38.573 27.583 27.802 28.020 28.238 28.456 28.674 28.892 29.110 29.328 29.546 29.764 29.982 30.199 30.417 30.634 30.851 31.069 31.286 31.503 31.720 31.937 32.154 32.370 32.587 32.803 33.019 33.236 33.452 33.668 33.883 34.099 34.315 34.530 34.745 34.960 35.175 35.390 35.605 35.819 36.034 36.248 36.462 36.676 36.890 37.104 37.317 37.530 37.744 37.957 38.169 38.382 38.594 27.605 27.823 28.042 28.260 28.478 28.696 28.914 29.132 29.350 29.568 29.786 30.003 30.221 30.438 30.656 30.873 31.090 31.308 31.525 31.742 31.958 32.175 32.392 32.608 32.825 33.041 33.257 33.473 33.689 33.905 34.121 34.336 34.551 34.767 34.982 35.197 35.412 35.626 35.841 36.055 36.270 36.484 36.698 36.911 37.125 37.338 37.552 37.765 37.978 38.191 38.403 38.616 27.627 27.845 28.063 28.282 28.500 28.718 28.936 29.154 29.372 29.590 29.807 30.025 30.243 30.460 30.678 30.895 31.112 31.329 31.546 31.763 31.980 32.197 32.413 32.630 32.846 33.063 33.279 33.495 33.711 33.926 34.142 34.358 34.573 34.788 35.003 35.218 35.433 35.648 35.862 36.077 36.291 36.505 36.719 36.933 37.146 37.360 37.573 37.786 37.999 38.212 38.425 38.637 27.649 27.867 28.085 28.303 28.522 28.740 28.958 29.176 29.394 29.611 29.829 30.047 30.264 30.482 30.699 30.917 31.134 31.351 31.568 31.785 32.002 32.219 32.435 32.652 32.868 33.084 33.300 33.516 33.732 33.948 34.164 34.379 34.595 34.810 35.025 35.240 35.455 35.669 35.884 36.098 36.312 36.526 36.740 36.954 37.168 37.381 37.594 37.808 38.020 38.233 38.446 38.658 27.671 27.889 28.107 28.325 28.543 28.761 28.980 28.197 29.415 59.633 29.851 30.069 30.286 30.504 30.721 30.938 31.156 31.373 31.590 31.807 32.023 32.240 32.457 32.673 32.890 33.106 33.322 33.538 33.754 33.970 34.185 34.401 34.616 34.831 35.046 35.261 35.476 35.691 35.905 36.120 36.334 36.548 36.762 36.975 37.189 37.402 37.616 37.829 38.042 38.254 38.467 38.679 27.692 27.911 28.129 28.347 28.565 28.783 29.001 29.219 29.437 29.655 29.873 30.090 30.308 30.525 30.743 30.960 31.177 31.394 31.611 31.828 32.045 32.262 32.478 32.695 32.911 33.127 33.344 33.560 33.775 33.991 34.207 34.422 34.638 34.853 35.068 35.283 35.498 35.712 35.927 36.141 36.355 36.569 36.783 36.997 37.210 37.424 37.637 37.850 38.063 38.276 38.488 38.701 27.714 27.933 28.151 28.369 28.587 28.805 29.023 29.241 29.459 29.677 29.894 30.112 30.330 30.547 30.765 30.982 31.199 31.416 31.633 31.850 32.067 32.284 32.500 32.717 32.933 33.149 33.365 33.581 33.797 34.013 34.228 34.444 34.659 34.874 35.089 35.304 35.519 35.734 35.948 36.162 36.377 36.591 36.805 37.018 37.232 37.445 37.658 37.871 38.084 38.297 38.510 38.722 27.736 27.954 28.173 28.391 28.609 28.827 29.045 29.263 29.481 29.699 29.916 30.134 30.351 30.569 30.786 31.004 31.221 31.438 31.655 31.872 32.089 32.305 32.522 32.738 32.955 33.171 33.387 33.603 33.819 34.034 34.250 34.465 34.681 34.896 35.111 35.326 35.540 35.755 35.970 36.184 36.398 36.612 36.826 37.040 37.253 37.466 37.680 37.893 38.106 38.318 38.531 38.743 27.758 27.976 28.194 28.413 28.631 28.849 29.067 29.285 29.502 29.720 29.938 30.156 30.373 30.591 30.808 31.025 31.242 31.460 31.677 31.893 32.110 32.327 32.543 32.760 32.976 33.192 33.408 33.624 33.840 34.056 34.271 34.487 34.702 34.917 35.132 35.347 35.562 35.777 35.991 36.205 36.419 36.633 36.847 37.061 37.274 37.488 37.701 37.914 38.127 38.340 38.552 38.764 1430 1440 1450 1460 1470 1480 1490 1500 1510 1520 1530 1540 1550 1560 1570 1580 1590 1600 1610 1620 1630 1640 1650 1660 1670 1680 1690 1700 1710 1720 1730 1740 1750 1760 1770 1780 1790 1800 1810 1820 1830 1840 1850 1860 1870 1880 1890 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 2-41 Common Reference Information, Conversions, and Tables Table 2-10. Thermoelectric Voltage in Absolute Millivolts °F 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °F 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050 2060 2070 2080 2090 2100 2110 2120 2130 2140 2150 2160 2170 2180 2190 2200 2210 2220 2230 2240 2250 2260 2270 2280 2290 2300 2310 2320 2330 2340 2350 2360 2370 38.764 38.976 39.188 39.400 39.612 39.823 40.034 40.245 40.456 40.666 40.877 41.087 41.297 41.506 41.716 41.925 42.134 42.342 42.550 42.759 42.966 43.174 43.381 43.588 43.795 44.001 44.207 44.413 44.619 44.824 45.029 45.233 45.437 45.641 45.845 46.048 46.251 46.453 46.656 46.858 47.059 47.261 47.462 38.786 38.998 39.210 39.421 39.633 39.844 40.055 40.266 40.477 40.687 40.898 41.108 41.318 41.527 41.736 41.946 42.154 42.363 42.571 42.779 42.987 43.195 43.402 43.609 43.815 44.022 44.228 44.434 44.639 44.844 45.049 45.254 45.458 45.662 45.865 46.068 46.271 46.474 46.676 46.878 47.079 47.281 47.482 38.807 39.019 39.231 39.442 39.654 39.865 40.076 40.287 40.498 40.708 40.919 41.129 41.338 41.548 41.757 41.966 42.175 42.384 42.592 42.800 43.008 43.215 43.423 43.629 43.836 44.042 44.248 44.454 44.660 44.865 45.069 45.274 45.478 45.682 45.885 46.089 46.291 46.494 46.696 46.898 47.100 47.301 47.502 38.828 39.040 39.252 39.464 39.675 39.886 40.097 40.308 40.519 40.729 40.940 41.150 41.359 41.569 41.778 41.987 42.196 42.405 42.613 42.821 43.029 43.236 43.443 43.650 43.857 44.063 44.269 44.475 44.680 44.885 45.090 45.294 45.498 45.702 45.906 46.109 46.312 46.514 46.716 46.918 47.120 47.321 38.849 39.061 39.273 39.485 39.696 39.908 40.119 40.329 40.540 40.750 40.961 41.171 41.380 41.590 41.799 42.008 42.217 42.425 42.634 42.842 43.049 43.257 43.464 43.671 43.877 44.084 44.290 44.495 44.701 44.906 45.110 45.315 45.519 45.723 45.926 46.129 46.332 46.534 46.737 46.938 47.140 47.341 38.870 39.082 39.294 39.506 39.717 39.929 40.140 40.351 40.561 40.772 40.982 41.192 41.401 41.611 41.820 42.029 42.238 42.446 42.655 42.862 43.070 43.278 43.485 43.692 43.898 44.104 44.310 44.516 44.721 44.926 45.131 45.335 45.539 45.743 45.946 46.149 46.352 46.555 46.757 46.959 47.160 47.361 38.892 39.104 39.315 39.527 39.739 39.950 40.161 40.372 40.582 40.793 41.003 41.213 41.422 41.632 41.841 42.050 42.259 42.467 42.675 42.883 43.091 43.298 43.505 43.712 43.919 44.125 44.331 44.536 44.742 44.947 45.151 45.356 45.560 45.763 45.967 46.170 46.372 46.575 46.777 46.979 47.180 47.381 38.913 39.125 39.337 39.548 39.760 39.971 40.182 40.393 40.603 40.814 41.024 41.234 41.443 41.653 41.862 42.071 42.280 42.488 42.696 42.904 43.112 43.319 43.526 43.733 43.939 44.146 44.351 44.557 44.762 44.967 45.172 45.376 45.580 45.784 45.987 46.190 46.393 46.595 46.797 46.999 47.200 47.401 38.934 39.146 39.358 39.569 39.781 39.992 40.203 40.414 40.624 40.835 41.045 41.255 41.464 41.674 41.883 42.092 42.300 42.509 42.717 42.925 43.132 43.340 43.547 43.754 43.960 44.166 44.372 44.577 44.783 44.988 45.192 45.396 45.600 45.804 46.007 46.210 46.413 46.615 46.817 47.019 47.220 47.421 38.955 39.167 39.379 39.591 39.802 40.013 40.224 40.435 40.645 40.856 41.066 41.276 41.485 41.695 41.904 42.113 42.321 42.530 42.738 42.946 43.153 43.360 43.567 43.774 43.981 44.187 44.393 44.598 44.803 45.008 45.213 45.417 45.621 45.824 46.028 46.231 46.433 46.636 46.838 47.039 47.241 47.442 38.976 39.188 39.400 39.612 39.823 40.034 40.245 40.456 40.666 40.877 41.087 41.297 41.506 41.716 41.925 42.134 42.342 42.550 42.759 42.966 43.174 43.381 43.588 43.795 44.001 44.207 44.413 44.619 44.824 45.029 45.233 45.437 45.641 45.845 46.048 46.251 46.453 46.656 46.858 47.059 47.261 47.462 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050 2060 2070 2080 2090 2100 2110 2120 2130 2140 2150 2160 2170 2180 2190 2200 2210 2220 2230 2240 2250 2260 2270 2280 2290 2300 2310 2320 2330 2340 2350 2360 2370 2-42 Rosemount Inc. T/C TYPE R THERMOELECTRIC VOLTAGE as a Function of Temperature (°C) Reference Junctions at 0 °C Reference Standard: NBS Monograph 125 and BS 4937 parts 1-7 Table 2-11. Thermoelectric Voltage in Absolute Millivolts °C 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °C -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300 310 320 330 340 350 360 370 380 390 -0.226 -0.188 -0.145 -0.100 -0.051 0.000 0.054 0.111 0.171 0.232 0.296 0.363 0.431 0.501 0.573 0.647 0.723 0.800 0.879 0.959 1.041 1.124 1.208 1.294 1.380 1.468 1.557 1.647 1.738 1.830 1.923 2.017 2.111 2.207 2.303 2.400 2.498 2.596 2.695 2.795 2.896 2.997 3.099 3.201 3.304 -0.223 -0.184 -0.141 -0.095 -0.046 0.005 0.060 0.117 0.177 0.239 0.303 0.369 0.438 0.508 0.581 0.655 0.730 0.808 0.887 0.967 1.049 1.132 1.217 1.302 1.389 1.477 1.566 1.656 1.747 1.839 1.932 2.026 2.121 2.216 2.313 2.410 2.508 2.606 2.705 2.805 2.906 3.007 3.109 3.211 3.314 -0.219 -0.180 -0.137 -0.091 -0.041 0.011 0.065 0.123 0.183 0.245 0.310 0.376 0.445 0.515 0.588 0.662 0.738 0.816 0.895 0.975 1.057 1.140 1.225 1.311 1.398 1.486 1.575 1.665 1.756 1.849 1.942 2.036 2.130 2.226 2.322 2.420 2.517 2.616 2.715 2.815 2.916 3.017 3.119 3.221 3.324 -0.215 -0.175 -0.132 -0.086 -0.036 0.016 0.071 0.129 0.189 0.251 0.316 0.383 0.452 0.523 0.595 0.670 0.746 0.824 0.903 0.983 1.065 1.149 1.234 1.319 1.407 1.495 1.584 1.674 1.766 1.858 1.951 2.045 2.140 2.236 2.332 2.429 2.527 2.626 2.725 2.825 2.926 3.027 3.129 3.232 3.335 -0.211 -0.171 -0.128 -0.081 -0.031 0.021 0.077 0.135 0.195 0.258 0.323 0.390 0.459 0.530 0.603 0.677 0.754 0.831 0.911 0.992 1.074 1.157 1.242 1.328 1.415 1.504 1.593 1.683 1.775 1.867 1.960 2.054 2.149 2.245 2.342 2.439 2.37 2.636 2.735 2.835 2.936 3.037 3.139 3.242 3.345 -0.207 -0.167 -0.123 -0.076 -0.026 0.027 0.082 0.141 0.201 0.264 0.329 0.397 0.466 0.537 0.610 0.685 0.761 0.839 0.919 1.000 1.082 1.166 1.251 1.337 1.424 1.512 1.602 1.692 1.784 1.876 1.970 2.064 2.159 2.255 2.351 2.449 2.547 2.646 2.745 2.845 2.946 3.048 3.150 3.252 3.355 -0.204 -0.163 -0.119 -0.071 -0.021 0.032 0.088 0.147 0.207 0.271 0.336 0.403 0.473 0.544 0.617 0.692 0.769 0.847 0.927 1.008 1.090 1.174 1.259 1.345 1.433 1.521 1.611 1.702 1.793 1.886 1.979 2.073 2.169 2.264 2.361 2.459 2.557 2.656 2.755 2.855 2.956 3.058 3.160 3.263 3.366 -0.200 -0.158 -0.114 -0.066 -0.016 0.038 0.094 0.152 0.214 0.277 0.343 0.410 0.480 0.552 0.625 0.700 0.777 0.855 0.935 1.016 1.099 1.183 1.268 1.354 1.442 1.530 1.620 1.711 1.802 1.895 1.988 2.083 2.178 2.274 2.371 2.468 2.567 2.666 2.765 2.866 2.966 3.068 3.170 3.273 3.376 -0.196 -0.154 -0.109 -0.061 -0.011 0.043 0.100 0.158 0.220 0.283 0.349 0.417 0.487 0.559 0.632 0.08 0.784 0.863 0.943 1.024 1.107 1.191 1.276 1.363 1.450 1.539 1.629 1.720 1.812 1.904 1.998 2.092 2.188 2.284 2.381 2.478 2.577 2.676 2.775 2.876 2.977 3.078 3.180 3.283 3.386 -0.192 -0.150 -0.105 -0.056 -0.005 0.049 0.105 0.165 0.226 0.290 0.356 0.424 0.494 0.566 0.640 0.715 0.792 0.871 0.951 1.032 1.115 1.200 1.285 1.372 1.459 1.548 1.638 1.729 1.821 1.914 2.007 2.102 2.197 2.293 2.390 2.488 2.586 2.685 2.785 2.886 2.987 3.088 3.191 3.293 3.397 -0.188 -0.145 -0.100 -0.051 0.000 0.054 0.111 0.171 0.232 0.296 0.363 0.431 0.501 0.573 0.647 0.723 0.800 0.879 0.959 1.041 1.124 1.208 1.294 1.380 1.468 1.557 1.647 1.738 1.830 1.923 2.017 2.111 2.207 2.303 2.400 2.498 2.596 2.695 2.795 2.896 2.997 3.099 3.201 3.304 3.407 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300 310 320 330 340 350 360 370 380 390 2-43 Common Reference Information, Conversions, and Tables Table 2-11. Thermoelectric Voltage in Absolute Millivolts °C 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °C 400 410 420 430 440 450 460 470 480 490 500 510 520 530 540 550 560 570 580 590 600 610 620 630 640 650 660 670 680 690 700 710 720 730 740 750 760 770 780 790 800 810 820 830 840 850 860 870 880 890 900 910 3.407 3.511 3.616 3.721 3.826 3.933 4.039 4.146 4.254 4.362 4.471 4.580 4.689 4.799 4.910 5.021 5.132 5.244 5.356 5.469 5.582 5.696 5.810 5.925 6.040 6.155 6.272 6.388 6.505 6.623 6.741 6.860 6.979 7.098 7.218 7.339 7.460 7.582 7.703 7.826 7.949 8.072 8.196 8.320 8.445 8.570 8.696 8.822 8.949 9.076 9.203 9.331 3.418 3.522 3.626 3.731 3.837 3.943 4.050 4.157 4.265 4.373 4.481 4.591 4.700 4.810 4.921 5.032 5.143 5.255 5.368 5.480 5.594 5.707 5.821 5.936 6.051 6.167 6.283 6.400 6.517 6.635 6.753 6.872 6.991 7.110 7.231 7.351 7.472 7.594 7.716 7.838 7.961 8.085 8.208 8.333 8.458 8.583 8.709 8.835 8.961 9.089 9.216 9.344 3.428 3.532 3.637 3.742 3.848 3.954 4.061 4.168 4.275 4.384 4.492 4.601 4.711 4.821 4.932 5.043 5.154 5.266 5.379 5.492 5.605 5.719 5.833 5.948 6.063 6.179 6.295 6.412 6.529 6.647 6.765 6.884 7.003 7.122 7.243 7.363 7.484 7.606 7.728 7.850 7.973 8.097 8.221 8.345 8.470 8.595 8.721 8.847 8.974 9.101 9.229 9.357 3.438 3.543 3.647 3.752 3.858 3.964 4.071 4.178 4.286 4.394 4.503 4.612 4.722 4.832 4.943 5.054 5.166 5.276 5.390 5.503 5.616 5.730 5.844 5.959 6.074 6.190 6.307 6.423 6.541 6.658 6.777 6.895 7.015 7.134 7.255 7.375 7.496 7.618 7.740 7.863 7.986 8.109 8.233 8.358 8.483 8.608 8.734 8.860 8.987 9.114 9.242 9.370 3.449 3.553 3.658 3.763 3.869 3.975 4.082 4.189 4.297 4.405 4.514 4.623 4.733 4.843 4.954 5.065 5.177 5.289 5.401 5.514 5.628 5.742 5.856 5.971 6.086 6.202 6.318 6.435 6.552 6.670 6.789 6.907 7.027 7.146 7.267 7.387 7.509 7.630 7.752 7.875 7.998 8.122 8.246 8.370 8.495 8.621 8.746 8.873 9.000 9.127 9.254 9.383 3.459 3.563 3.668 3.774 3.879 3.986 4.093 4.200 4.308 4.416 4.525 4.634 4.744 4.854 4.965 5.076 5.188 5.300 5.413 5.526 5.639 5.753 5.867 5.982 6.098 6.213 6.330 6.447 6.564 6.682 6.800 6.919 7.039 7.158 7.279 7.399 7.521 7.642 7.765 7.887 8.010 8.134 8.258 8.383 8.508 8.633 8.759 8.885 9.012 9.140 9.267 9.395 3.470 3.574 3.679 3.784 3.890 3.996 4.103 5.211 4.319 4.427 4.536 4.645 4.755 4.865 4.976 5.087 5.199 5.311 5.424 5.537 5.650 5.764 5.879 5.994 6.109 6.225 6.342 6.458 6.576 6.694 6.812 6.931 7.051 7.170 7.291 7.412 7.533 7.655 7.777 7.900 8.023 8.146 8.271 8.395 8.520 8.646 8.772 8.898 9.025 9.152 9.280 9.408 3.480 3.584 3.689 3.795 3.901 4.007 4.114 5.222 4.329 4.438 4.547 4.656 4.766 4.876 4.987 5.099 5.210 5.322 5.435 5.548 5.662 5.776 5.890 6.005 6.121 6.237 6.353 6.470 6.588 6.706 6.824 6.943 7.063 7.182 7.303 7.424 7.545 7.667 7.789 7.912 8.035 8.159 8.283 8.408 8.533 8.658 8.784 8.911 9.038 9.165 9.293 9.421 3.490 3.595 3.700 3.805 3.911 4.018 4.125 4.232 4.340 4.449 4.558 4.667 4.777 4.888 4.998 5.110 5.221 5.334 5.446 5.560 5.673 5.787 5.902 6.017 6.132 6.248 6.365 6.482 6.599 6.718 6.836 6.955 7.074 7.194 7.315 7.436 7.557 7.679 7.801 7.924 8.047 8.171 8.295 8.420 8.545 8.671 8.797 8.923 9.050 9.178 9.306 9.434 3.501 3.605 3.710 3.816 3.922 4.028 4.136 4.243 4.351 4.460 4.569 4.678 4.788 4.899 5.009 5.121 5.233 5.345 5.458 5.571 5.685 5.799 5.913 6.028 6.144 6.260 6.377 6.494 6.611 6.729 6.848 6.967 7.086 7.206 7.327 7.448 7.569 7.691 7.814 7.937 8.060 8.184 8.308 8.433 8.558 8.683 8.810 8.936 9.063 9.191 9.319 9.447 3.511 3.616 3.721 3.826 3.933 4.039 4.146 4.254 4.362 4.471 4.580 4.689 4.799 4.910 5.021 5.132 5.244 5.356 5.469 5.582 5.696 5.810 5.925 6.040 6.155 6.272 6.388 6.505 6.623 6.741 6.860 6.979 7.098 7.218 7.339 7.460 7.582 7.703 7.826 7.949 8.072 8.196 8.320 8.445 8.570 8.696 8.822 8.949 9.076 9.203 9.331 9.460 400 410 420 430 440 450 460 470 480 490 500 510 520 530 540 550 560 570 580 590 600 610 620 630 640 650 660 670 680 690 700 710 720 730 740 750 760 770 780 790 800 810 820 830 840 850 860 870 880 890 900 910 2-44 Rosemount Inc. Table 2-11. Thermoelectric Voltage in Absolute Millivolts °C 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °C 920 930 940 950 960 970 980 990 1000 1010 1020 1030 1040 1050 1060 1070 1080 1090 1100 1110 1120 1130 1140 1150 1160 1170 1180 1190 1200 1210 1220 1230 1240 1250 1260 1270 1280 1290 1300 1310 1320 1330 1340 1350 1360 1370 1380 1390 1400 1410 1420 1430 9.460 9.589 9.718 9.848 9.978 10.109 10.240 10.371 10.503 10.636 10.768 10.902 11.035 11.170 11.304 11.439 11.574 11.710 11.846 11.983 12.119 12.257 12.394 12.532 12.669 12.808 12.946 13.085 13.224 13.363 13.502 13.642 13.782 13.922 14.062 14.202 14.343 14.483 14.624 14.765 14.906 15.047 15.188 15.329 15.470 15.611 15.752 15.893 16.035 16.176 16.317 16.458 9.473 9.602 9.731 9.861 9.991 10.122 10.253 10.384 10.516 10.649 10.782 10.915 11.049 11.183 11.318 11.453 11.588 11.724 11.860 11.996 12.133 12.270 12.408 12.545 12.683 12.822 12.960 13.099 13.238 13.377 13.516 13.656 13.796 13.936 14.076 14.216 14.357 14.497 14.638 14.779 14.920 15.061 15.202 15.343 15.484 15.625 15.766 15.908 16.049 16.190 16.331 16.472 9.485 9.614 9.744 9.874 10.004 10.135 10.266 10.398 10.530 10.662 10.795 10.928 11.062 11.196 11.331 11.466 11.602 11.737 11.874 12.010 12.147 12.284 12.421 12.559 12.697 12.835 12.974 13.113 13.252 13.391 13.530 13.670 13.810 13.950 14.090 14.230 14.371 14.511 14.652 14.793 14.934 15.075 15.216 15.357 15.498 15.639 15.780 15.922 16.063 16.204 16.345 16.487 9.498 9.627 9.757 9.887 10.017 10.148 10.279 10.411 10.543 10.675 10.808 10.942 11.076 11.210 11.345 11.480 11.615 11.751 11.887 12.024 12.161 12.298 12.435 12.573 12.711 12.849 12.988 13.127 13.266 13.405 13.544 13.684 13.824 13.964 14.104 14.244 14.385 14.525 14.666 14.807 14.948 15.089 15.230 15.371 15.512 15.653 15.795 15.936 16.077 16.218 16.360 16.501 9.511 9.640 9.770 9.900 10.030 10.161 10.292 10.424 10.556 10.689 10.822 10.955 11.089 11.223 11.358 11.493 11.629 11.765 11.901 12.037 12.174 12.311 12.449 12.587 12.725 12.863 13.002 13.140 13.280 13.419 13.558 13.698 13.838 13.978 14.118 14.258 14.399 14.539 14.680 14.821 14.962 15.103 15.244 15.385 15.526 15.667 15.809 15.950 16.091 16.232 16.374 16.515 9.524 9.653 9.783 9.913 10.043 10.174 10.305 10.437 10.569 10.702 10.835 10.968 11.102 11.237 11.372 11.507 11.642 11.778 11.914 12.051 12.188 12.325 12.463 12.600 12.739 12.877 13.016 13.154 13.293 13.433 13.572 13.712 13.852 13.992 14.132 14.272 14.413 14.554 14.694 14.835 14.976 15.117 15.258 15.399 15.540 15.682 15.823 15.964 16.105 16.247 16.388 16.529 9.537 9.666 9.796 9.926 10.056 10.187 10.319 10.450 10.583 10.715 10.848 10.982 11.116 11.250 11.385 11.520 11.656 11.792 11.928 12.065 12.202 12.339 12.476 12.614 12.752 12.891 13.029 13.168 13.307 13.447 13.586 13.726 13.866 14.006 14.146 14.286 14.427 14.568 14.708 14.849 14.990 15.131 15.272 15.413 15.555 15.696 15.837 15.978 16.119 16.261 16.402 16.543 9.550 9.679 9.809 9.939 10.069 10.200 10.332 10.464 10.596 10.729 10.862 10.995 11.129 11.264 11.399 11.534 11.669 11.805 11.942 12.078 12.215 12.353 12.490 12.628 12.766 12.905 13.043 13.182 13.321 13.461 13.600 13.740 13.880 14.020 14.160 14.301 14.441 14.582 14.722 14.863 15.004 15.145 15.286 15.427 15.569 15.710 15.851 15.992 16.134 16.275 16.416 16.557 9.563 9.692 9.822 9.952 10.082 10.213 10.345 10.477 10.609 10.742 10.875 11.009 11.143 11.277 11.412 11.547 11.683 11.819 11.955 12.092 12.229 12.366 12.504 12.642 12.780 12.918 13.057 13.196 13.335 13.475 13.614 13.754 13.894 14.034 14.174 14.315 14.455 14.596 14.737 14.877 15.018 15.159 15.300 15.442 15.583 15.724 15.865 16.006 16.148 16.289 16.430 16.571 9.576 9.705 9.835 9.965 10.095 10.227 10.358 10.490 10.622 10.755 10.888 11.022 11.156 11.291 11.426 11.561 11.697 11.833 11.969 12.106 12.243 12.380 12.518 12.656 12.794 12.932 13.071 13.210 13.349 13.489 13.628 13.768 13.908 14.048 14.188 14.329 14.469 14.610 14.751 14.891 15.032 15.173 15.315 15.456 15.597 15.738 15.879 16.021 16.162 16.303 16.444 16.585 9.589 9.718 9.848 9.978 10.109 10.240 10.371 10.503 10.636 10.768 10.902 11.035 11.170 11.304 11.439 11.574 11.710 11.846 11.983 12.119 12.257 12.394 12.532 12.669 12.808 12.946 13.085 13.224 13.363 13.502 13.642 13.782 13.922 14.062 14.202 14.343 14.483 14.624 14.765 14.906 15.047 15.188 15.329 15.470 15.611 15.752 15.893 16.035 16.176 16.317 16.458 16.599 920 930 940 950 960 970 980 990 1000 1010 1020 1030 1040 1050 1060 1070 1080 1090 1100 1110 1120 1130 1140 1150 1160 1170 1180 1190 1200 1210 1220 1230 1240 1250 1260 1270 1280 1290 1300 1310 1320 1330 1340 1350 1360 1370 1380 1390 1400 1410 1420 1430 2-45 Common Reference Information, Conversions, and Tables Table 2-11. Thermoelectric Voltage in Absolute Millivolts °C 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °C 1440 1450 1460 1470 1480 1490 1500 1510 1520 1530 1540 1550 1560 1570 1580 1590 1600 1610 1620 1630 1640 1650 1660 1670 1680 1690 1700 1710 1720 1730 1740 1750 1760 16.599 16.741 16.882 17.022 17.163 17.304 17.445 17.585 17.726 17.866 18.006 18.146 18.286 18.425 18.564 18.703 18.842 18.981 19.119 19.257 19.395 19.533 19.670 19.807 19.944 20.080 20.215 20.350 20.483 20.616 20.748 20.878 21.006 16.614 16.755 16.896 17.037 17.177 17.318 17.459 17.599 17.740 17.880 18.020 18.160 18.299 18.439 18.578 18.717 18.856 18.995 19.133 19.271 19.409 19.547 19.684 19.821 19.957 20.093 20.229 20.363 20.497 20.629 20.761 20.891 21.019 16.628 16.769 16.910 17.051 17.192 17.332 17.473 17.613 17.754 17.894 18.034 18.174 18.313 18.453 18.592 18.731 18.870 19.009 19.147 19.285 19.423 19.560 19.698 19.834 19.971 20.107 20.242 20.377 20.510 20.642 20.774 20.904 21.032 16.642 16.783 16.924 17.065 17.206 17.346 17.487 17.627 17.768 17.908 18.048 18.188 18.327 18.467 18.606 18.745 18.884 19.023 19.161 19.299 19.437 19.574 19.711 19.848 19.985 20.120 20.256 20.390 20.523 20.656 20.787 20.916 21.045 16.656 16.797 16.938 17.079 17.220 17.360 17.501 17.641 17.782 17.922 18.062 18.202 18.341 18.481 18.620 18.759 18.898 19.036 19.175 19.313 19.450 19.588 19.725 19.862 19.998 20.134 20.269 20.403 20.537 20.669 20.800 20.929 21.057 16.670 16.811 16.952 17.093 17.234 17.374 17.515 17.655 17.796 17.936 18.076 18.216 18.355 18.495 18.634 18.773 18.912 19.050 19.188 19.326 19.464 19.602 19.739 19.875 20.012 20.148 20.283 20.417 20.550 20.682 20.813 20.942 21.070 16.684 16.825 16.966 17.107 17.248 17.388 17.529 17.669 17.810 17.950 18.090 18.230 18.369 18.509 18.648 18.787 18.926 19.064 19.202 19.340 19.478 19.615 19.752 19.889 20.025 20.161 20.296 20.430 20.563 20.695 20.826 20.955 21.083 16.698 16.839 16.980 17.121 17.262 17.403 17.543 17.684 17.824 17.964 18.104 18.244 18.383 18.523 18.662 18.801 18.939 19.078 19.216 19.354 19.492 19.629 19.766 19.903 20.039 20.175 20.309 20.443 20.576 20.708 20.839 20.968 21.096 16.712 16.853 16.994 17.135 17.276 17.417 17.557 17.698 17.838 17.978 18.118 18.258 18.397 18.537 18.676 18.815 18.953 19.092 19.230 19.368 19.505 19.643 19.780 19.916 20.053 20.188 20.323 20.457 20.590 20.721 20.852 20.981 21.108 16.726 16.867 17.008 17.149 17.290 17.431 17.571 17.712 17.852 17.992 18.132 18.272 18.411 18.550 18.690 18.828 18.967 19.106 19.244 19.382 19.519 19.656 19.793 19.930 20.066 20.202 20.336 20.470 20.603 20.734 20.865 20.994 16.741 16.882 17.022 17.163 17.304 17.445 17.585 17.726 17.866 18.006 18.146 18.286 18.425 18.564 18.703 18.842 18.981 19.119 19.257 19.395 19.533 19.670 19.807 19.944 20.080 20.215 20.350 20.483 20.616 20.748 20.878 21.006 1440 1450 1460 1470 1480 1490 1500 1510 1520 1530 1540 1550 1560 1570 1580 1590 1600 1610 1620 1630 1640 1650 1660 1670 1680 1690 1700 1710 1720 1730 1740 1750 1760 T/C TYPE R THERMOELECTRIC VOLTAGE as a Function of Temperature (°F) Reference Junctions at 32 °F Reference Standard: NBS Monograph 125 and BS 4937 parts 1-7 Table 2-12. Thermoelectric Voltage in Absolute Millivolts °F -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 2-46 0 -0.210 -0.188 -0.165 -0.141 -0.116 -0.089 -0.063 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °F -0.207 -0.185 -0.162 -0.138 -0.113 -0.087 -0.060 -0.226 -0.205 -0.183 -0.160 -0.136 -0.110 -0.084 -0.057 -0.224 -0.203 -0.181 -0.158 -0.133 -0.108 -0.082 -0.054 -0.222 -0.201 -0.179 -0.155 -0.131 -0.105 -0.079 -0.051 -0.220 -0.199 -0.176 -0.153 -0.128 -0.103 -0.076 -0.049 -0.218 -0.197 -0.174 -0.150 -0.126 -0.100 -0.073 -0.046 -0.216 -0.194 -0.172 -0.148 -0.123 -0.097 -0.071 -0.043 -0.214 -0.192 -0.169 -0.145 -0.121 -0.095 -0.068 -0.040 -0.212 -0.190 -0.167 -0.143 -0.118 -0.092 -0.065 -0.037 -0.210 -0.188 -0.165 -0.141 -0.116 -0.089 -0.063 -0.035 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 Rosemount Inc. Table 2-12. Thermoelectric Voltage in Absolute Millivolts °F 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °F 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300 310 320 330 340 350 360 370 380 390 400 410 420 430 440 450 460 470 480 490 500 510 520 530 -0.035 -0.006 0.024 0.054 0.086 0.118 0.150 0.184 0.218 0.253 0.289 0.326 0.363 0.400 0.439 0.478 0.517 0.557 0.598 0.639 0.681 0.723 0.766 0.809 0.852 0.897 0.941 0.986 1.032 1.077 1.124 1.170 1.217 1.265 1.313 1.361 1.409 1.458 1.508 1.557 1.607 1.657 1.708 1.758 1.810 1.861 1.913 1.964 2.017 2.069 2.122 2.175 -0.032 -0.003 0.027 0.057 0.089 0.121 0.154 0.188 0.222 0.257 0.293 0.329 0.366 0.404 0.443 0.482 0.521 0.561 0.602 0.643 0.685 0.727 0.770 0.813 0.857 0.901 0.946 0.991 1.036 1.082 1.128 1.175 1.222 1.270 1.318 1.366 1.414 1.463 1.512 1.562 1.612 1.662 1.713 1.764 1.815 1.866 1.918 1.970 2.022 2.074 2.127 2.180 -0.029 0.000 0.030 0.060 0.092 0.124 0.157 0.191 0.225 0.261 0.296 0.333 0.370 0.408 0.446 0.475 0.525 0.565 0.606 0.647 0.689 0.731 0.774 0.817 0.861 0.905 0.950 0.995 1.041 1.087 1.133 1.180 1.227 1.274 1.322 1.371 1.419 1.468 1.517 1.567 1.617 1.667 1.718 1.769 1.820 1.871 1.923 1.975 2.027 2.080 2.132 2.186 -0.026 0.003 0.033 0.064 0.095 0.127 0.161 0.194 0.229 0.264 0.300 0.337 0.374 0.412 0.450 0.489 0.529 0.569 0.610 0.651 0.693 0.736 0.778 0.822 0.866 0.910 0.955 1.000 1.045 1.091 1.138 1.184 1.232 1.279 1.327 1.375 1.424 1.473 1.522 1.572 1.622 1.672 1.723 1.774 1.825 1.876 1.928 1.980 2.032 2.085 2.138 2.191 -0.023 0.006 0.036 0.067 0.098 0.131 0.164 0.198 0.232 0.268 0.304 0.340 0.378 0.416 0.454 0.493 0.533 0.573 0.614 0.656 0.697 0.740 0.783 0.826 0.870 0.914 0.959 1.004 1.050 1.096 1.142 1.189 1.236 1.284 1.332 1.380 1.429 1.478 1.527 1.577 1.627 1.677 1.728 1.779 1.830 1.882 1.933 1.985 2.038 2.090 2.143 2.196 -0.020 0.009 0.039 0.070 0.101 0.134 0.167 0.201 0.236 0.271 0.307 0.344 0.381 0.419 0.458 0.497 0.537 0.577 0.618 0.660 0.702 0.744 0.787 0.830 0.874 0.919 0.964 1.009 1.054 1.101 1.147 1.194 1.241 1.289 1.337 1.385 1.434 1.483 1.532 1.582 1.632 1.682 1.733 1.784 1.835 1.887 1.938 1.991 2.043 2.095 2.148 2.201 -0.017 0.012 0.042 0.073 0.105 0.137 0.171 0.205 0.239 0.275 0.311 0.348 0.385 0.423 0.462 0.501 0.541 0.581 0.622 0.664 0.706 0.748 0.791 0.835 0.879 0.923 0.968 1.013 1.059 1.105 1.152 1.199 1.246 1.294 1.342 1.390 1.439 1.488 1.537 1.587 1.637 1.687 1.738 1.789 1.840 1.892 1.944 1.996 2.048 2.101 2.154 2.207 -0.015 0.015 0.045 0.076 0.108 0.141 0.174 0.208 0.243 0.278 0.315 0.351 0.389 0.427 0.466 0.505 0.545 0.586 0.627 0.668 0.710 0.753 0.796 0.839 0.883 0.928 0.973 1.018 1.064 1.110 1.156 1.203 1.251 1.298 1.346 1.395 1.444 1.493 1.542 1.592 1.642 1.692 1.743 1.794 1.845 1.897 1.949 2.001 2.053 2.106 2.159 2.212 -0.012 0.018 0.048 0.079 0.111 0.144 0.177 0.212 0.246 0.282 0.318 0.355 0.393 0.431 0.470 0.509 0.549 0.590 0.631 0.672 0.714 0.757 0.800 0.844 0.888 0.932 0.977 1.022 1.068 1.114 1.161 1.208 1.255 1.303 1.351 1.400 1.449 1.498 1.547 1.597 1.647 1.698 1.748 1.799 1.851 1.902 1.954 2.006 2.059 2.111 2.164 2.217 -0.009 0.021 0.051 0.082 0.114 0.147 0.181 0.215 0.250 0.286 0.322 0.359 0.397 0.435 0.474 0.513 0.553 0.594 0.635 0.676 0.719 0.761 0.804 0.848 0.892 0.937 0.982 1.027 1.073 1.119 1.166 1.213 1.260 1.308 1.356 1.405 1.453 1.503 1.552 1.602 1.652 1.703 1.753 1.804 1.856 1.907 1.959 2.011 2.064 2.117 2.170 2.223 -0.006 0.024 0.054 0.086 0.118 0.150 0.184 0.218 0.253 0.289 0.326 0.363 0.400 0.439 0.478 0.517 0.557 0.598 0.639 0.681 0.723 0.766 0.809 0.852 0.897 0.941 0.986 1.032 1.077 1.124 1.170 1.217 1.265 1.313 1.361 1.409 1.458 1.508 1.557 1.607 1.657 1.708 1.758 1.810 1.861 1.913 1.964 2.017 2.069 2.122 2.175 2.228 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300 310 320 330 340 350 360 370 380 390 400 410 420 430 440 450 460 470 480 490 500 510 520 530 2-47 Common Reference Information, Conversions, and Tables Table 2-12. Thermoelectric Voltage in Absolute Millivolts °F 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °F 540 550 560 570 580 590 600 610 620 630 640 650 660 670 680 690 700 710 720 730 740 750 760 770 780 790 800 810 820 830 840 850 860 870 880 890 900 910 920 930 940 950 960 970 980 990 1000 1010 1020 1030 1040 1050 2.228 2.282 2.335 2.389 2.443 2.498 2.552 2.607 2.662 2.718 2.773 2.829 2.885 2.941 2.997 3.053 3.110 3.167 3.224 3.281 3.338 3.396 3.453 3.511 3.569 3.627 3.686 3.744 3.803 3.862 3.921 3.980 4.039 4.099 4.158 4.218 4.278 4.338 4.398 4.458 4.519 4.580 4.640 4.701 4.762 4.824 4.885 4.947 5.008 5.070 5.132 5.194 2.233 2.287 2.341 2.395 2.449 2.503 2.558 2.613 2.668 2.723 2.779 2.834 2.890 2.946 3.002 3.059 3.116 3.172 3.229 3.287 3.344 3.401 3.459 3.517 3.575 3.633 3.692 3.750 3.809 3.868 3.927 3.986 4.045 4.105 4.164 4.224 4.284 4.344 4.404 4.465 4.525 4.586 4.647 4.707 4.769 4.830 4.891 4.953 5.014 5.076 5.138 5.200 2.239 2.292 2.346 2.400 2.454 2.509 2.563 2.618 2.673 2.729 2.784 2.840 2.896 2.952 3.008 3.065 3.121 3.178 3.235 3.292 3.350 3.407 3.465 3.523 3.581 3.639 3.697 3.756 3.815 3.874 3.933 3.992 4.051 4.110 4.170 4.230 4.290 4.350 4.410 4.471 4.531 4.592 4.653 4.714 4.775 4.836 4.897 4.959 5.021 5.082 5.144 5.207 2.244 2.298 2.351 2.405 2.460 2.514 2.569 2.624 2.679 2.734 2.790 2.845 2.901 2.957 3.014 3.070 3.127 3.184 3.241 3.298 3.355 3.413 3.471 3.529 3.587 3.645 3.703 3.762 3.821 3.879 3.938 3.998 4.057 4.116 4.176 4.236 4.296 4.356 4.416 4.477 4.537 4.598 4.659 4.720 4.781 4.842 4.904 4.965 5.027 5.089 5.151 5.213 2.249 2.303 2.357 2.411 2.465 2.520 2.574 2.629 2.684 2.740 2.795 2.851 2.907 2.963 3.019 3.076 3.133 3.189 3.247 3.304 3.361 3.419 3.476 3.534 3.592 3.651 3.709 3.768 3.826 3.885 3.944 4.004 4.063 4.122 4.182 4.242 4.302 4.362 4.422 4.483 4.543 4.604 4.665 4.726 4.787 4.848 4.910 4.971 5.033 5.095 5.157 5.219 2.255 2.308 2.362 2.416 2.471 2.525 2.580 2.635 2.690 2.745 2.801 2.857 2.913 2.969 3.025 3.082 3.138 3.195 3.252 3.309 3.367 3.424 3.482 3.540 3.598 3.657 3.715 3.774 3.832 3.891 3.950 4.009 4.069 4.128 4.188 4.248 4.308 4.368 4.428 4.489 4.549 4.610 4.671 4.732 4.793 4.854 4.916 4.977 5.039 5.101 5.163 5.225 2.260 2.314 2.368 2.422 2.476 2.531 2.585 2.640 2.695 2.751 2.806 2.862 2.918 2.974 3.031 3.087 3.144 3.201 3.258 3.315 3.373 3.430 3.488 3.546 3.604 3.662 3.721 3.779 3.838 3.897 3.956 4.015 4.075 4.134 4.194 4.254 4.314 4.374 4.434 4.495 4.555 4.616 4.677 4.738 4.799 4.860 4.922 4.984 5.045 5.107 5.169 5.231 2.266 2.319 2.373 2.427 2.481 2.536 2.591 2.646 2.701 2.756 2.812 2.868 2.924 2.980 3.036 3.093 3.150 3.207 3.264 3.321 3.378 3.436 3.494 3.552 3.610 3.668 3.727 3.785 3.844 3.903 3.962 4.021 4.081 4.140 4.200 4.260 4.320 4.380 4.440 4.501 4.561 4.622 4.683 4.744 4.805 4.867 4.928 4.990 5.052 5.113 5.175 5.238 2.271 2.325 2.378 2.433 2.487 2.541 2.596 2.651 2.706 2.762 2.818 2.873 2.929 2.986 3.042 3.099 3.155 3.212 3.269 3.327 3.384 3.442 3.500 3.558 3.616 3.674 3.733 3.791 3.850 3.909 3.968 4.027 4.087 4.146 4.206 4.266 4.326 4.386 4.446 4.507 4.567 4.628 4.689 4.750 4.811 4.873 4.934 4.996 5.058 5.120 5.182 5.244 2.276 2.330 2.384 2.438 2.492 2.547 2.602 2.657 2.712 2.767 2.823 2.879 2.935 2.991 3.048 3.104 3.161 3.218 3.275 3.332 3.390 3.448 3.505 3.563 3.622 3.680 3.738 3.797 3.856 3.915 3.974 4.033 4.093 4.152 4.212 4.272 4.332 4.392 4.452 4.513 4.574 4.634 4.695 4.756 4.818 4.879 4.940 5.002 5.064 5.126 5.188 5.250 2.282 2.335 2.389 2.443 2.498 2.552 2.607 2.662 2.718 2.773 2.829 2.885 2.941 2.997 3.053 3.110 3.167 3.224 3.281 3.338 3.396 3.453 3.511 3.569 3.627 3.686 3.744 3.803 3.862 3.921 3.980 4.039 4.099 4.158 4.218 4.278 4.338 4.398 4.458 4.519 4.580 4.640 4.701 4.762 4.824 4.885 4.947 5.008 5.070 5.132 5.194 5.256 540 550 560 570 580 590 600 610 620 630 640 650 660 670 680 690 700 710 720 730 740 750 760 770 780 790 800 810 820 830 840 850 860 870 880 890 900 910 920 930 940 950 960 970 980 990 1000 1010 1020 1030 1040 1050 2-48 Rosemount Inc. Table 2-12. Thermoelectric Voltage in Absolute Millivolts °F 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °F 1060 1070 1080 1090 1100 1110 1120 1130 1140 1150 1160 1170 1180 1190 1200 1210 1220 1230 1240 1250 1260 1270 1280 1290 1300 1310 1320 1330 1340 1350 1360 1370 1380 1390 1400 1410 1420 1430 1440 1450 1460 1470 1480 1490 1500 1510 1520 1530 1540 1550 1560 1570 5.256 5.319 5.381 5.444 5.507 5.570 5.633 5.696 5.759 5.823 5.886 5.950 6.014 6.078 6.143 6.207 6.272 6.336 6.401 6.466 6.532 6.597 6.662 6.728 6.794 6.860 6.926 6.992 7.059 7.125 7.192 7.259 7.326 7.393 7.460 7.527 7.595 7.663 7.731 7.799 7.867 7.935 8.004 8.072 8.141 8.210 8.279 8.348 8.417 8.487 8.556 8.626 5.263 5.325 5.388 5.450 5.513 5.576 5.639 5.702 5.766 5.829 5.893 5.957 6.021 6.085 6.149 6.213 6.278 6.343 6.408 6.473 6.538 6.603 6.669 6.735 6.800 6.866 6.932 6.999 7.065 7.132 7.198 7.265 7.332 7.399 7.467 7.534 7.602 7.670 7.737 7.805 7.874 7.942 8.010 8.079 8.148 8.217 8.286 8.355 8.424 8.494 8.563 8.633 5.269 5.331 5.394 5.456 5.519 5.582 5.645 5.709 5.772 5.835 5.899 5.963 6.027 6.091 6.155 6.220 6.285 6.349 6.414 6.479 6.545 6.610 6.675 6.741 6.807 6.873 6.939 7.005 7.072 7.138 7.205 7.272 7.339 7.406 7.474 7.541 7.609 7.676 7.744 7.812 7.880 7.949 8.017 8.086 8.155 8.224 8.293 8.362 8.431 8.501 8.570 8.640 5.275 5.337 5.400 5.463 5.526 5.589 5.652 5.715 5.778 5.842 5.905 5.969 6.033 6.098 6.162 6.226 6.291 6.356 6.421 6.486 6.551 6.616 6.682 6.748 6.814 6.880 6.946 7.012 7.078 7.145 7.212 7.279 7.346 7.413 7.480 7.548 7.615 7.683 7.751 7.819 7.887 7.956 8.024 8.093 8.162 8.231 8.300 8.369 8.438 8.508 8.577 8.647 5.281 5.344 5.406 5.469 5.532 5.595 5.658 5.721 5.785 5.848 5.912 5.976 6.040 6.104 6.168 6.233 6.297 6.362 6.427 6.492 6.558 6.623 6.689 6.754 6.820 6.886 6.952 7.019 7.085 7.152 7.218 7.285 7.352 7.420 7.487 7.554 7.622 7.690 7.758 7.826 7.894 7.963 8.031 8.100 8.168 8.237 8.306 8.376 8.445 8.515 8.584 8.654 5.288 5.350 5.413 5.475 5.538 5.601 5.664 5.728 5.791 5.855 5.918 5.982 6.046 6.110 6.175 6.239 6.304 6.369 6.434 6.499 6.564 6.630 6.695 6.761 6.827 6.893 6.959 7.025 7.092 7.158 7.225 7.292 7.359 7.426 7.494 7.561 7.629 7.697 7.765 7.833 7.901 7.969 8.038 8.107 8.175 8.244 8.313 8.383 8.452 8.522 8.591 8.661 5.294 5.356 5.419 5.482 5.544 5.607 5.671 5.734 5.797 5.861 5.925 5.988 6.053 6.117 6.181 6.246 6.310 6.375 6.440 6.505 6.571 6.636 6.702 6.767 6.833 6.899 6.966 7.032 7.098 7.165 7.232 7.299 7.366 7.433 7.500 7.568 7.636 7.703 7.771 7.840 7.908 7.976 8.045 8.113 8.182 8.251 8.320 8.390 8.459 8.529 8.598 8.668 5.300 5.362 5.425 5.488 5.551 5.614 5.677 5.740 5.804 5.867 5.931 5.995 6.059 6.123 6.188 6.252 6.317 6.382 6.447 6.512 6.577 6.643 6.708 6.774 6.840 6.906 6.972 7.039 7.105 7.172 7.239 7.305 7.373 7.440 7.507 7.575 7.642 7.710 7.778 7.846 7.915 7.983 8.052 8.120 8.189 8.258 8.327 8.397 8.466 8.535 8.605 8.675 5.306 5.369 5.431 5.494 5.557 5.620 5.683 5.747 5.810 5.874 5.937 6.001 6.065 6.130 6.194 6.259 6.323 6.388 6.453 6.518 6.584 6.649 6.715 6.781 6.847 6.913 6.979 7.045 7.112 7.178 7.245 7.312 7.379 7.447 7.514 7.582 7.649 7.717 7.785 7.853 7.921 7.990 8.058 8.127 8.196 8.265 8.334 8.403 8.473 8.542 8.612 8.682 5.313 5.375 5.438 5.500 5.563 5.626 5.690 5.753 5.816 5.880 5.944 6.008 6.072 6.136 6.201 6.265 6.330 6.395 6.460 6.525 6.590 6.656 6.721 6.787 6.853 6.919 6.985 7.052 7.118 7.185 7.252 7.319 7.386 7.453 7.521 7.588 7.656 7.724 7.792 7.860 7.928 7.997 8.065 8.134 8.203 8.272 8.341 8.410 8.480 8.549 8.619 8.689 5.319 5.381 5.444 5.507 5.570 5.633 5.696 5.759 5.823 5.886 5.950 6.014 6.078 6.143 6.207 6.272 6.336 6.401 6.466 6.532 6.597 6.662 6.728 6.794 6.860 6.926 6.992 7.059 7.125 7.192 7.259 7.326 7.393 7.460 7.527 7.595 7.663 7.731 7.799 7.867 7.935 8.004 8.072 8.141 8.210 8.279 8.348 8.417 8.487 8.556 8.626 8.696 1060 1070 1080 1090 1100 1110 1120 1130 1140 1150 1160 1170 1180 1190 1200 1210 1220 1230 1240 1250 1260 1270 1280 1290 1300 1310 1320 1330 1340 1350 1360 1370 1380 1390 1400 1410 1420 1430 1440 1450 1460 1470 1480 1490 1500 1510 1520 1530 1540 1550 1560 1570 2-49 Common Reference Information, Conversions, and Tables Table 2-12. Thermoelectric Voltage in Absolute Millivolts °F 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °F 1580 1590 1600 1610 1620 1630 1640 1650 1660 1670 1680 1690 1700 1710 1720 1730 1740 1750 1760 1770 1780 1790 1800 1810 1820 1830 1840 1850 1860 1870 1880 1890 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050 2060 2070 2080 2090 8.696 8.766 8.836 8.907 8.977 9.048 9.118 9.189 9.260 9.331 9.403 9.474 9.546 9.617 9.689 9.761 9.833 9.906 9.978 10.050 10.123 10.196 10.269 10.342 10.415 10.488 10.562 10.636 10.709 10.783 10.857 10.931 11.006 11.080 11.155 11.229 11.304 11.379 11.454 11.529 11.605 11.680 11.756 11.831 11.907 11.983 12.059 12.135 12.211 12.287 12.363 12.440 8.703 8.773 8.843 8.914 8.984 9.055 9.125 9.196 9.267 9.338 9.410 9.481 9.553 9.624 9.696 9.768 9.840 9.913 9.985 10.058 10.130 10.203 10.276 10.349 10.422 10.496 10.569 10.643 10.717 10.791 10.865 10.939 11.013 11.088 11.162 11.237 11.312 11.387 11.462 11.537 11.612 11.688 11.763 11.839 11.914 11.990 12.066 12.142 12.218 12.295 12.371 12.447 8.710 8.780 8.850 8.921 8.991 9.062 9.132 9.203 9.274 9.346 9.417 9.488 9.560 9.632 9.704 9.776 9.848 9.920 9.992 10.065 10.138 10.210 10.283 10.357 10.430 10.503 10.577 10.650 10.724 10.798 10.872 10.946 11.021 11.095 11.170 11.244 11.319 11.394 11.469 11.544 11.620 11.695 11.771 11.846 11.922 11.998 12.074 12.150 12.226 12.302 12.379 12.455 8.717 8.787 8.857 8.928 8.998 9.069 9.140 9.210 9.282 9.353 9.424 9.495 9.567 9.639 9.711 9.783 9.855 9.927 10.000 10.072 10.145 10.218 10.291 10.364 10.437 10.511 10.584 10.658 10.731 10.805 10.879 10.954 11.028 11.102 11.177 11.252 11.327 11.402 11.477 11.552 11.627 11.703 11.778 11.854 11.930 12.005 12.081 12.157 12.234 12.310 12.386 12.463 8.724 8.794 8.864 8.935 9.005 9.076 9.147 9.218 9.289 9.360 9.431 9.503 9.574 9.646 9.718 9.790 9.862 9.934 10.007 10.079 10.152 10.225 10.298 10.371 10.444 10.518 10.591 10.665 10.739 10.813 10.887 10.961 11.035 11.110 11.184 11.259 11.334 11.409 11.484 11.559 11.635 11.710 11.786 11.861 11.37 12.013 12.089 12.165 12.241 12.318 12.394 12.470 8.731 8.801 8.871 8.942 9.012 9.083 9.154 9.225 9.296 9.367 9.438 9.510 9.581 9.653 9.725 9.797 9.869 9.942 10.014 10.087 10.159 10.232 10.305 10.379 10.452 10.525 10.599 10.672 10.746 10.820 10.894 10.968 11.043 11.117 11.192 11.267 11.342 11.417 11.492 11.567 11.642 11.718 11.793 11.869 11.945 12.021 12.097 12.173 12.249 12.325 12.402 12.478 8.738 8.808 8.878 8.949 9.019 9.090 9.161 9.232 9.303 9.374 9.445 9.517 9.589 9.660 9.732 9.804 9.877 9.949 10.021 10.094 10.167 10.240 10.313 10.386 10.459 10.533 10.606 10.680 10.754 10.828 10.902 10.976 11.050 11.125 11.199 11.274 11.349 11.424 11.499 11.574 11.650 11.725 11.801 11.877 11.952 12.028 12.104 12.180 12.257 12.333 12.409 12.486 8.745 8.815 8.885 8.956 9.026 9.097 9.168 9.239 9.310 9.381 9.453 9.524 9.596 9.668 9.740 9.812 9.884 9.956 10.029 10.101 10.174 10.247 10.320 10.393 10.466 10.540 10.613 10.687 10.761 10.835 10.909 10.983 11.058 11.132 11.207 11.282 11.357 11.432 11.507 11.582 11.657 11.733 11.808 11.884 11.960 12.036 12.112 12.188 12.264 12.340 12.417 12.193 8.752 8.822 8.892 8.963 9.033 9.104 9.175 9.246 9.317 9.388 9.460 9.531 9.603 9.675 9.747 9.819 9.891 9.963 10.036 10.109 10.181 10.254 10.327 10.400 10.474 10.547 10.621 10.695 10.768 10.842 10.917 10.991 11.065 11.140 11.214 11.289 11.364 11.439 11.514 11.590 11.665 11.740 11.816 11.892 11.968 12.043 12.119 12.196 12.272 12.348 12.424 12.501 8.759 8.829 8.899 8.970 9.040 9.111 9.182 9.253 9.324 9.395 9.467 9.538 9.610 9.682 9.754 9.826 9.898 9.971 10.043 10.116 10.189 10.262 10.335 10.408 10.481 10.555 10.628 10.702 10.776 10.850 10.924 10.998 11.073 11.147 11.222 11.297 11.372 11.447 11.522 11.597 11.672 11.748 11.824 11.899 11.975 12.051 12.127 12.203 12.279 12.356 12.432 12.509 8.766 8.836 8.907 8.977 9.048 9.118 9.189 9.260 9.331 9.403 9.474 9.546 9.617 9.689 9.761 9.833 9.906 9.978 10.050 10.123 10.196 10.269 10.342 10.415 10.488 10.562 10.636 10.709 10.783 10.857 10.931 11.006 11.080 11.155 11.229 11.304 11.379 11.454 11.529 11.605 11.680 11.756 11.831 11.907 11.983 12.059 12.135 12.211 12.287 12.363 12.440 12.516 1580 1590 1600 1610 1620 1630 1640 1650 1660 1670 1680 1690 1700 1710 1720 1730 1740 1750 1760 1770 1780 1790 1800 1810 1820 1830 1840 1850 1860 1870 1880 1890 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050 2060 2070 2080 2090 2-50 Rosemount Inc. Table 2-12. Thermoelectric Voltage in Absolute Millivolts °F 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °F 2100 2110 2120 2130 2140 2150 2160 2170 2180 2190 2200 2210 2220 2230 2240 2250 2260 2270 2280 2290 2300 2310 2320 2330 2340 2350 2360 2370 2380 2390 2400 2410 2420 2430 2440 2450 2460 2470 2480 2490 2500 2510 2520 2530 2540 2550 2560 2570 2580 2590 2600 2610 12.516 12.593 12.669 12.746 12.823 12.900 12.977 13.054 13.131 13.208 13.286 13.363 13.440 13.518 13.595 13.673 13.751 13.828 13.906 13.984 14.062 14.140 14.218 14.296 14.374 14.452 14.530 14.608 14.686 14.765 14.843 14.921 15.000 15.078 15.156 15.235 15.313 15.391 15.470 15.548 15.627 15.705 15.784 15.862 15.941 16.019 16.097 16.176 16.254 16.333 16.411 16.490 12.524 12.600 12.677 12.754 12.831 12.908 12.985 13.062 13.139 13.216 13.293 13.371 13.448 13.526 13.603 13.681 13.759 13.836 13.914 13.992 14.070 14.148 14.226 14.304 14.382 14.460 14.538 14.616 14.694 14.772 14.851 14.929 15.007 15.086 15.164 15.242 15.321 15.399 15.478 15.556 15.635 15.713 15.791 15.870 15.948 16.027 16.105 16.184 16.262 16.341 16.419 16.498 12.532 12.608 12.685 12.762 12.838 12.915 12.992 13.069 13.147 13.224 13.301 13.379 13.456 13.533 13.611 13.689 13.766 13.844 13.922 14.000 14.078 14.155 14.233 14.311 14.389 14.468 14.546 14.624 14.702 14.780 14.859 14.937 15.015 15.094 15.172 15.250 15.329 15.407 15.486 15.564 15.642 15.721 15.799 15.878 15.956 16.035 16.113 16.192 16.270 16.349 16.427 16.505 12.539 12.616 12.693 12.769 12.846 12.923 13.000 13.077 13.154 13.232 13.309 13.386 13.464 13.541 13.619 13.696 13.774 13.852 13.930 14.007 14.085 14.163 14.241 14.319 14.397 14.475 14.554 14.632 14.710 14.788 14.866 14.945 15.023 15.101 15.180 15.258 15.337 15.415 15.493 15.572 15.650 15.729 15.807 15.886 15.964 16.043 16.121 16.199 16.278 16.356 16.435 16.513 12.547 12.623 12.700 12.777 12.854 12.931 13.008 13.085 13.162 13.239 13.317 13.394 13.471 13.549 13.627 13.704 13.782 13.860 13.937 14.015 14.093 14.171 14.249 14.327 14.405 14.483 14.561 14.640 14.718 14.796 14.874 14.953 15.031 15.109 15.188 15.266 15.344 15.423 15.501 15.580 15.658 15.737 15.815 15.893 15.972 16.050 16.129 16.207 16.286 16.364 16.443 16.521 12.555 12.631 12.708 12.785 12.862 12.938 13.016 13.093 13.170 13.247 13.324 13.402 13.479 13.557 13.634 13.712 13.790 13.867 13.945 14.023 14.101 14.179 14.257 14.335 14.413 14.491 14.569 14.647 14.726 14.804 14.882 14.960 15.039 15.117 15.195 15.274 15.352 15.431 15.509 15.587 15.666 15.744 15.823 15.901 15.980 16.058 16.137 16.215 16.294 16.372 16.450 16.529 12.562 12.639 12.716 12.792 12.869 12.946 13.023 13.100 13.178 13.255 13.332 13.409 13.487 13.564 13.642 13.720 13.797 13.875 13.953 14.031 14.109 14.187 14.265 14.343 14.421 14.499 14.577 14.655 14.733 14.812 14.890 14.968 15.047 15.125 15.203 15.282 15.360 15.438 15.517 15.595 15.674 15.752 15.831 15.909 15.988 16.066 16.145 16.223 16.301 16.380 16.458 16.537 12.570 12.646 12.723 12.800 12.877 12.954 13.031 13.108 13.185 13.263 13.340 13.417 13.495 13.572 13.650 13.727 13.805 13.883 13.961 14.039 14.116 14.194 14.272 14.350 14.429 14.507 14.585 14.663 14.741 14.819 14.898 14.976 15.054 15.133 15.211 15.289 15.368 15.446 15.525 15.603 15.682 15.760 15.839 15.917 15.995 16.074 16.152 16.231 16.309 16.388 16.466 16.545 12.577 12.654 12.731 12.808 12.885 12.962 13.039 13.116 13.193 13.270 13.348 13.425 13.502 13.580 13.658 13.735 13.813 13.891 13.968 14.046 14.124 14.202 14.280 14.358 14.436 14.514 14.593 14.671 14.749 14.827 14.906 14.984 15.062 15.141 15.219 15.297 15.376 15.454 15.533 15.611 15.689 15.768 15.846 15.925 16.003 16.082 16.160 16.239 16.317 16.396 16.474 16.552 12.585 12.662 12.739 12.815 12.892 12.969 13.046 13.123 13.201 13.278 13.355 13.433 13.510 13.588 13.665 13.743 13.821 13.898 13.976 14.054 14.132 14.210 14.288 14.366 14.444 14.522 14.600 14.679 14.757 14.835 14.913 14.992 15.070 15.148 15.227 15.305 15.384 15.462 15.540 15.619 15.697 15.776 15.854 15.933 16.011 16.090 16.168 16.247 16.325 16.403 16.482 16.560 12.593 12.669 12.746 12.823 12.900 12.977 13.054 13.131 13.208 13.286 13.363 13.440 13.518 13.595 13.673 13.751 13.828 13.906 13.984 14.062 14.140 14.218 14.296 14.374 14.452 14.530 14.608 14.686 14.765 14.843 14.921 15.000 15.078 15.156 15.235 15.313 15.391 15.470 15.548 15.627 15.705 15.784 15.862 15.941 16.019 16.097 16.176 16.254 16.333 16.411 16.490 16.568 2100 2110 2120 2130 2140 2150 2160 2170 2180 2190 2200 2210 2220 2230 2240 2250 2260 2270 2280 2290 2300 2310 2320 2330 2340 2350 2360 2370 2380 2390 2400 2410 2420 2430 2440 2450 2460 2470 2480 2490 2500 2510 2520 2530 2540 2550 2560 2570 2580 2590 2600 2610 2-51 Common Reference Information, Conversions, and Tables Table 2-12. Thermoelectric Voltage in Absolute Millivolts °F 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °F 2620 2630 2640 2650 2660 2670 2680 2690 2700 2710 2720 2730 2740 2750 2760 2770 2780 2790 2800 2810 2820 2830 2840 2850 2860 2870 2880 2890 2900 2910 2920 2930 2940 2950 2960 2970 2980 2990 3000 3010 3020 3030 3040 3050 3060 3070 3080 3090 3100 3110 3120 3130 16.568 16.646 16.725 16.803 16.882 16.960 17.038 17.116 17.195 17.273 17.351 17.429 17.507 17.585 17.663 17.741 17.819 17.897 17.975 18.053 18.130 18.208 18.286 18.363 18.441 18.518 18.595 18.673 18.750 18.827 18.904 18.981 19.058 19.135 19.211 19.288 19.365 19.441 19.518 19.594 19.670 19.746 19.822 19.898 19.974 20.050 20.125 20.200 20.275 20.350 20.424 20.498 16.576 16.654 16.733 16.811 16.889 16.968 17.046 17.124 17.202 17.281 17.359 17.437 17.515 17.593 17.671 17.749 17.827 17.905 17.983 18.060 18.138 18.216 18.293 18.371 18.448 18.526 18.603 18.680 18.758 18.835 18.912 18.989 19.066 19.143 19.219 19.296 19.372 19.449 19.525 19.602 19.678 19.754 19.830 19.906 19.982 20.057 20.132 20.208 20.283 20.357 20.432 20.506 16.584 16.662 16.741 16.819 16.897 16.976 17.054 17.132 17.210 17.288 17.367 17.445 17.523 17.601 17.679 17.757 17.835 17.913 17.990 18.068 18.146 18.223 18.301 18.379 18.456 18.533 18.611 18.688 18.765 18.842 18.919 18.996 19.073 19.150 19.227 19.303 19.380 19.457 19.533 19.609 19.685 19.761 19.837 19.913 19.989 20.065 20.140 20.215 20.290 20.365 20.439 20.513 16.592 16.670 16.748 16.827 16.905 16.983 17.062 17.140 17.218 17.296 17.374 17.453 17.531 17.609 17.687 17.765 17.842 17.920 17.998 18.076 18.154 18.231 18.309 18.386 18.464 18.541 18.619 18.696 18.773 18.850 18.927 19.004 19.081 19.158 19.234 19.311 19.388 19.464 19.541 19.617 19.693 19.769 19.845 19.921 19.997 20.072 20.148 20.223 20.297 20.372 20.446 20.520 16.599 16.678 16.756 16.835 16.913 16.991 17.069 17.148 17.226 17.304 17.382 17.460 17.538 17.616 17.694 17.772 17.850 17.928 18.006 18.084 18.161 18.239 18.317 18.394 18.472 18.549 18.626 18.703 18.781 18.858 18.935 19.012 19.089 19.165 19.242 19.319 19.395 19.472 19.548 19.624 19.701 19.777 19.853 19.929 20.004 20.080 20.155 20.230 20.305 20.380 20.454 20.528 16.607 16.686 16.764 16.842 16.921 16.999 17.077 17.156 17.234 17.312 17.390 17.468 17.546 17.624 17.702 17.780 17.858 17.936 18.014 18.091 18.169 18.247 18.324 18.402 18.479 18.557 18.634 18.711 18.788 18.865 18.943 19.019 19.096 19.173 19.250 19.326 19.403 19.479 19.556 19.632 19.708 19.784 19.860 19.936 20.012 20.087 20.163 20.238 20.312 20.387 20.461 20.535 16.615 16.694 16.772 16.850 16.929 17.007 17.085 17.163 17.242 17.320 17.398 17.476 17.554 17.632 17.710 17.788 17.866 17.944 18.021 18.099 18.177 18.255 18.332 18.410 18.487 18.564 18.642 18.719 18.796 18.873 18.950 19.027 19.104 19.181 19.257 19.334 19.411 19.487 19.563 19.640 19.716 19.792 19.868 19.944 20.019 20.095 20.170 20.245 20.320 20.394 20.469 20.543 16.623 16.701 16.780 16.858 16.936 17.015 17.093 17.171 17.249 17.328 17.406 17.484 17.562 17.640 17.718 17.796 17.874 17.951 18.029 18.107 18.185 18.262 18.340 18.417 18.495 18.572 18.649 18.727 18.804 18.881 18.958 19.035 19.112 19.188 19.265 19.342 19.418 19.495 19.571 19.647 19.723 19.800 19.875 19.951 20.027 20.102 20.178 20.253 20.327 20.402 20.476 20.550 16.631 16.709 16.788 16.866 16.944 17.022 17.101 17.179 17.257 17.335 17.413 17.492 17.570 17.648 17.726 17.804 17.881 17.959 18.037 18.115 18.192 18.270 18.348 18.425 18.502 18.580 18.657 18.734 18.812 18.889 18.966 19.043 19.119 19.196 19.273 19.349 19.426 19.502 19.579 19.655 19.731 19.807 19.883 19.959 20.034 20.110 20.185 20.260 20.335 20.409 20.483 20.557 16.639 16.717 16.795 16.874 16.952 17.030 17.109 17.187 17.265 17.343 17.421 17.499 17.577 17.655 17.733 17.811 17.889 17.967 18.045 18.123 18.200 18.278 18.355 18.433 18.510 18.588 18.665 18.742 18.819 18.896 18.973 19.050 19.127 19.204 19.280 19.357 19.434 19.510 19.586 19.663 19.739 19.815 19.891 19.966 20.042 20.117 20.193 20.268 20.342 20.417 20.491 20.565 16.646 16.725 16.803 16.882 16.960 17.038 17.116 17.195 17.273 17.351 17.429 17.507 17.585 17.663 17.741 17.819 17.897 17.975 18.053 18.130 18.208 18.286 18.363 18.441 18.518 18.595 18.673 18.750 18.827 18.904 18.981 19.058 19.135 19.211 19.288 19.365 19.441 19.518 19.594 19.670 19.746 19.822 19.898 19.974 20.050 20.125 20.200 20.275 20.350 20.424 20.498 20.572 2620 2630 2640 2650 2660 2670 2680 2690 2700 2710 2720 2730 2740 2750 2760 2770 2780 2790 2800 2810 2820 2830 2840 2850 2860 2870 2880 2890 2900 2910 2920 2930 2940 2950 2960 2970 2980 2990 3000 3010 3020 3030 3040 3050 3060 3070 3080 3090 3100 3110 3120 3130 2-52 Rosemount Inc. Table 2-12. Thermoelectric Voltage in Absolute Millivolts °F 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °F 3140 3150 3160 3170 3180 3190 3200 3210 20.572 20.645 20.718 20.791 20.863 20.935 21.006 21.077 20.579 20.653 20.726 20.798 20.870 20.942 21.013 21.084 20.587 20.660 20.733 20.806 20.878 20.949 21.021 21.091 20.594 20.667 20.740 20.813 20.885 20.956 21.028 21.098 20.601 20.675 20.748 20.820 20.892 20.964 21.035 21.105 20.609 20.682 20.755 20.827 20.899 20.971 21.042 20.616 20.689 20.762 20.834 20.906 20.978 21.049 20.623 20.697 20.769 20.842 20.914 20.985 21.056 20.631 20.704 20.777 20.849 20.921 20.992 21.063 20.638 20.711 20.784 20.856 20.928 20.999 21.070 20.645 20.718 20.791 20.863 20.935 21.006 21.077 3140 3150 3160 3170 3180 3190 3200 3210 T/C TYPE S THERMOELECTRIC VOLTAGE as a Function of Temperature (°C) Reference Junctions at 0 °C Reference Standard: NBS Monograph 125 and BS 4937 parts 1-7 Table 2-13. Thermoelectric Voltage in Absolute Millivolts °C 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °C -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 -0.236 -0.194 -0.150 -0.103 -0.053 0.000 0.055 0.113 0.173 0.235 0.299 0.365 0.432 0.502 0.573 0.645 0.719 0.795 0.872 0.950 1.029 1.109 1.190 1.273 1.356 1.440 1.525 1.611 1.698 1.785 1.873 1.962 2.051 -0.232 -0.190 -0.145 -0.098 -0.048 0.005 0.061 0.119 0.179 0.241 0.305 0.371 0.439 0.509 0.580 0.653 0.727 0.802 0.879 0.957 1.037 1.117 1.198 1.281 1.364 1.448 1.534 1.620 1.706 1.794 1.882 1.971 2.060 -0.228 -0.186 -0.141 -0.093 -0.042 0.011 0.067 0.125 0.185 0.247 0.312 0.378 0.446 0.516 0.587 0.660 0.734 0.810 0.887 0.965 1.045 1.125 1.207 1.289 1.373 1.457 1.542 1.628 1.715 1.802 1.891 1.979 2.069 -0.224 -0.181 -0.136 -0.088 -0.037 0.016 0.072 0.131 0.191 0.254 0.318 0.385 0.453 0.523 0.594 0.667 0.742 0.818 0.895 0.973 1.053 1.133 1.215 1.297 1.381 1.465 1.551 1.637 1.724 1.811 1.899 1.988 2.078 -0.220 -0.177 -0.132 -0.083 -0.032 0.022 0.078 0.137 0.197 0.260 0.325 0.391 0.460 0.530 0.602 0.675 0.749 0.825 0.903 0.981 1.061 1.141 1.223 1.306 1.389 1.474 1.559 1.645 1.732 1.820 1.908 1.997 2.087 -0.215 -0.173 -0.127 -0.078 -0.027 0.027 0.084 0.142 0.203 0.266 0.331 0.398 0.467 0.537 0.609 0.682 0.754 0.833 0.910 0.989 1.069 1.149 1.231 1.314 1.398 1.482 1.568 1.654 1.741 1.829 1.917 2.006 2.096 -0.211 -0.168 -0.122 -0.073 -0.021 0.033 0.090 0.148 0.210 0.273 0.338 0.405 0.474 0.544 0.616 0.690 0.764 0.841 0.918 0.997 1.077 1.158 1.240 1.322 1.406 1.491 1.576 1.663 1.750 1.838 1.926 2.015 2.105 -0.207 -0.164 -0.117 -0.068 -0.016 0.038 0.095 0.154 0.216 0.279 0.345 0.412 0.481 0.551 0.623 0.697 0.772 0.848 0.926 1.005 1.085 1.166 1.248 1.331 1.415 1.499 1.595 1.671 1.759 1.846 1.935 2.024 2.114 -0.203 -0.159 -0.112 -0.063 -0.011 0.044 0.101 0.161 0.222 0.286 0.351 0.419 0.488 0.558 0.631 0.704 0.780 0.856 0.934 1.013 1.093 1.174 1.256 1.339 1.423 1.508 1.594 1.680 1.767 1.855 1.944 2.033 2.123 -0.199 -0.155 -0.108 -0.058 -0.005 0.050 0.107 0.167 0.228 0.292 0.358 0.425 0.495 0.566 0.638 0.712 0.787 0.864 0.942 1.021 1.101 1.182 1.264 1.347 1.432 1.516 1.602 1.689 1.776 1.864 1.953 2.042 2.132 -0.194 -0.150 -0.103 -0.053 -0.000 0.055 0.113 0.173 0.235 0.299 0.365 0.432 0.502 0.573 0.645 0.719 0.795 0.872 0.950 1.029 1.109 1.190 1.273 1.356 1.440 1.525 1.611 1.698 1.785 1.873 1.962 2.051 2.141 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 2-53 Common Reference Information, Conversions, and Tables Table 2-13. Thermoelectric Voltage in Absolute Millivolts °C 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °C 280 290 300 310 320 330 340 350 360 370 380 390 400 410 420 430 440 450 460 470 480 490 500 510 520 530 540 550 560 570 580 590 600 610 620 630 640 650 660 670 680 690 700 710 720 730 740 750 760 770 780 790 2.141 2.232 2.323 2.414 2.506 2.599 2.692 2.786 2.880 2.974 3.069 3.164 3.260 3.356 3.452 3.549 3.645 3.743 3.840 3.938 4.036 4.135 4.234 4.333 4.432 4.532 4.632 4.732 4.832 4.933 5.034 5.136 5.237 5.339 5.442 5.544 5.648 5.751 5.855 5.960 6.064 6.169 6.274 6.380 6.486 6.592 6.699 6.805 6.913 7.020 7.128 7.236 2.150 2.241 2.332 2.424 2.516 2.608 2.702 2.795 2.889 2.984 3.078 3.174 3.269 3.365 3.462 3.558 3.655 3.752 3.850 3.948 4.046 4.145 4.243 4.343 4.442 4.542 4.642 4.742 4.842 4.943 5.044 5.146 5.247 5.350 5.452 5.555 5.658 5.762 5.866 5.970 6.075 6.180 6.285 6.390 6.496 6.603 6.709 6.816 6.923 7.031 7.139 7.247 2.159 2.250 2.341 2.433 2.525 2.618 2.711 2.805 2.899 2.993 3.088 3.183 3.279 3.375 3.471 3.568 3.665 3.762 3.860 3.958 4.056 4.155 4.253 4.352 4.452 4.552 4.652 4.752 4.852 4.953 5.054 5.156 5.258 5.360 5.462 5.565 5.668 5.772 5.876 5.980 6.085 6.190 6.265 6.401 6.507 6.613 6.720 6.827 6.934 7.042 7.150 7.258 2.168 2.259 2.350 2.442 2.534 2.627 2.720 2.814 2.908 3.003 3.097 3.193 3.288 3.384 3.481 3.578 3.675 3.772 3.870 3.968 4.066 4.164 4.263 4.362 4.462 4.562 4.662 4.762 4.862 4.963 5.065 5.166 5.268 5.370 5.473 5.575 5.679 5.782 5.887 5.991 6.096 6.201 6.306 6.412 6.518 6.624 6.731 6.838 6.945 7.053 7.161 7.269 2.177 2.268 2.359 2.451 2.543 2.636 2.730 2.823 2.917 3.012 3.107 3.202 3.298 3.394 3.491 3.587 3.684 3.782 3.879 3.977 4.076 4.174 4.273 4.372 4.472 4.572 4.672 4.772 4.873 4.973 5.075 5.176 5.278 5.380 5.483 5.586 5.689 5.793 5.897 6.001 6.106 6.211 6.316 6.422 6.528 6.635 6.741 6.848 6.956 7.063 7.171 7.280 2.186 2.277 2.368 2.460 2.553 2.646 2.739 2.833 2.927 3.022 3.117 3.212 3.308 3.404 3.500 3.597 3.694 3.791 3.889 3.987 4.086 4.184 4.283 4.382 4.482 4.582 4.682 4.782 4.883 4.984 5.085 5.186 5.288 5.391 5.493 5.596 5.700 5.803 5.907 6.012 6.117 6.222 6.327 6.433 6.539 6.645 6.752 6.859 6.966 7.074 7.182 7.291 2.195 2.286 2.378 2.470 2.562 2.655 2.748 2.842 2.936 3.031 3.126 3.221 3.317 3.413 3.510 3.607 3.704 3.801 3.899 3.997 4.095 4.194 4.293 4.392 4.492 4.592 4.692 4.792 4.893 4.994 5.095 5.197 5.298 5.401 5.503 5.606 5.710 5.814 5.918 6.022 6.127 6.232 6.338 6.443 6.549 6.656 6.763 6.870 6.977 7.085 7.193 7.301 2.204 2.295 2.387 2.479 2.571 2.664 2.758 2.852 2.946 3.041 3.136 3.231 3.327 3.423 3.520 3.616 3.714 3.811 3.909 4.007 4.105 4.204 4.303 4.402 4.502 4.602 4.702 4.802 4.903 5.004 5.105 5.207 5.309 5.411 5.514 5.617 5.720 5.824 5.928 6.033 6.138 6.243 6.348 6.454 6.560 6.667 6.773 6.880 6.988 7.096 7.204 7.312 2.213 2.304 2.396 2.488 2.581 2.674 2.767 2.861 2.955 3.050 3.145 3.241 3.336 3.433 3.529 3.626 3.723 3.821 3.919 4.017 4.115 4.214 4.313 4.412 4.512 4.612 4.712 4.812 4.913 5.014 5.115 5.217 5.319 5.421 5.524 5.627 5.731 5.834 5.939 6.043 6.148 6.253 6.359 6.465 6.571 6.677 6.784 6.891 6.999 7.107 7.215 7.323 2.222 2.314 2.405 2.497 2.590 2.683 2.776 2.870 2.965 3.059 3.155 3.250 3.346 3.442 3.539 3.636 3.733 3.831 3.928 4.027 4.125 4.224 4.323 4.422 4.522 4.622 4.722 4.822 4.923 5.024 5.125 5.227 5.329 5.431 5.534 5.637 5.741 5.845 5.949 6.054 6.159 6.264 6.369 6.475 6.581 6.688 6.795 6.902 7.009 7.117 7.225 7.334 2.232 2.323 2.414 2.506 2.599 2.692 2.786 2.880 2.974 3.069 3.164 3.260 3.356 3.452 3.549 3.645 3.743 3.840 3.938 4.036 4.135 4.234 4.333 4.432 4.532 4.632 4.732 4.832 4.933 5.034 5.136 5.237 5.339 5.442 5.544 5.648 5.751 5.855 5.960 6.064 6.169 6.274 6.380 6.486 6.592 6.699 6.805 6.913 7.020 7.128 7.236 7.345 280 290 300 310 320 330 340 350 360 370 380 390 400 410 420 430 440 450 460 470 480 490 500 510 520 530 540 550 560 570 580 590 600 610 620 630 640 650 660 670 680 690 700 710 720 730 740 750 760 770 780 790 2-54 Rosemount Inc. Table 2-13. Thermoelectric Voltage in Absolute Millivolts °C 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °C 800 810 820 830 840 850 860 870 880 890 900 910 920 930 940 950 960 970 980 990 1000 1010 1020 1030 1040 1050 1060 1070 1080 1090 1100 1120 1130 1140 1150 1160 1170 1180 1190 1200 1210 1220 1230 1240 1250 1260 1270 1280 1290 1300 1310 1320 7.345 7.454 7.563 7.672 7.782 7.892 8.003 8.114 8.225 8.336 8.448 8.560 8.673 8.786 8.899 9.012 9.126 9.240 9.355 9.470 9.585 9.700 9.816 9.932 10.048 10.165 10.282 10.400 10.517 10.635 10.754 10.991 11.110 11.229 11.348 11.467 11.587 11.707 11.827 11.947 12.067 12.188 12.308 12.429 12.550 12.671 12.792 12.913 13.034 13.155 13.276 13.397 7.356 7.465 7.574 7.683 7.793 7.904 8.014 8.125 8.236 8.348 8.460 8.572 8.684 8.797 8.910 9.024 9.138 9.252 9.366 9.481 9.596 9.712 9.828 9.944 10.060 10.177 10.294 10.411 10.529 10.647 10.765 11.003 11.121 11.241 11.360 11.479 11.599 11.719 11.839 11.959 12.079 12.200 12.320 12.441 12.562 12.683 12.804 12.925 13.046 13.167 13.288 13.410 7.367 7.476 7.585 7.694 7.804 7.915 8.025 8.136 8.247 8.359 8.471 8.583 8.695 8.808 8.922 9.035 9.149 9.263 9.378 9.493 9.608 9.723 9.839 9.955 10.072 10.189 10.306 10.423 10.541 10.659 10.777 11.014 11.133 11.252 11.372 11.491 11.611 11.731 11.851 11.971 12.091 12.212 12.332 12.453 12.574 12.695 12.816 12.937 13.058 13.179 13.300 13.422 7.377 7.486 7.596 7.705 7.815 7.926 8.036 8.147 8.258 8.370 8.482 8.594 8.707 8.820 8.933 9.047 9.160 9.275 9.389 9.504 9.619 9.735 9.851 9.967 10.083 10.200 10.318 10.435 10.553 10.671 10.789 11.026 11.145 11.264 11.384 11.503 11.623 11.743 11.863 11.983 12.103 12.224 12.345 12.465 12.586 12.707 12.828 12.949 13.070 13.191 13.313 13.434 7.388 7.497 7.607 7.716 7.826 7.937 8.047 8.158 8.270 8.381 8.493 8.605 8.718 8.831 8.944 9.058 9.172 9.286 9.401 9.516 9.631 9.746 9.862 9.979 10.095 10.212 10.329 10.447 10.565 10.683 10.801 11.038 11.157 11.276 11.408 11.515 11.635 11.755 11.875 11.995 12.116 12.236 12.357 12.477 12.598 12.719 12.840 12.961 13.082 13.203 13.325 13.446 7.399 7.508 7.618 7.727 7.837 7.948 8.058 8.169 8.281 8.392 8.504 8.617 8.729 8.842 8.956 9.069 9.183 9.298 9.412 9.527 9.642 9.758 9.874 9.990 10.107 10.224 10.341 10.459 10.576 10.694 10.813 11.050 11.169 11.288 11.420 11.527 11.647 11.767 11.887 12.007 12.128 12.248 12.369 12.489 12.610 12.731 12.852 12.973 13.094 13.216 13.337 13.458 7.410 7.519 7.629 7.738 7.848 7.959 8.069 8.180 8.292 8.404 8.516 8.628 8.741 8.854 8.967 9.081 9.195 9.309 9.424 9.539 9.654 9.770 9.886 10.002 10.118 10.235 10.353 10.470 10.588 10.706 10.825 11.062 11.181 11.300 11.432 11.539 11.659 11.779 11.899 12.019 12.140 12.260 12.381 12.501 12.622 12.743 12.864 12.985 13.107 13.228 13.349 13.470 7.421 7.530 7.640 7.749 7.859 7.970 8.081 8.192 8.303 8.415 8.527 8.639 8.752 8.865 8.978 9.092 9.206 9.320 9.435 9.550 9.665 9.781 9.897 10.013 10.130 10.247 10.364 10.482 10.600 10.718 10.836 11.074 11.193 11.312 11.443 11.551 11.671 11.791 11.911 12.031 12.152 12.272 12.393 12.514 12.634 12.755 12.876 12.997 13.119 13.240 13.361 13.482 7.432 7.541 7.651 7.760 7.870 7.981 8.092 8.203 8.314 8.426 8.538 8.650 8.763 8.876 8.990 9.103 9.217 9.332 9.447 9.562 9.677 9.793 9.909 10.025 10.142 10.259 10.376 10.494 10.612 10.730 10.848 11.086 11.205 11.324 11.455 11.563 11.683 11.803 11.923 12.043 12.164 12.284 12.405 12.526 12.647 12.767 12.888 13.010 13.131 13.252 13.373 13.495 7.443 7.552 7.661 7.771 7.881 7.992 8.103 8.214 8.325 8.437 8.549 8.662 8.774 8.888 9.001 9.115 9.229 9.343 9.458 9.573 9.689 9.804 9.920 10.037 10.154 10.271 10.388 10.506 10.624 10.742 10.860 11.098 11.217 11.336 11.467 11.575 11.695 11.815 11.935 12.055 12.176 12.296 12.417 12.538 12.659 12.780 12.901 13.022 13.143 13.264 13.385 13.507 7.454 7.563 7.672 7.782 7.892 8.003 8.114 8.225 8.336 8.448 8.560 8.673 8.786 8.899 9.012 9.126 9.240 9.355 9.470 9.585 9.700 9.816 9.932 10.048 10.165 10.282 10.400 10.517 10.635 10.754 10.872 11.110 11.229 11.348 11.467 11.587 11.707 11.827 11.947 12.067 12.188 12.308 12.429 12.550 12.671 12.792 12.913 13.034 13.155 13.276 13.397 13.519 800 810 820 830 840 850 860 870 880 890 900 910 920 930 940 950 960 970 980 990 1000 1010 1020 1030 1040 1050 1060 1070 1080 1090 1100 1120 1130 1140 1150 1160 1170 1180 1190 1200 1210 1220 1230 1240 1250 1260 1270 1280 1290 1300 1310 1320 2-55 Common Reference Information, Conversions, and Tables Table 2-13. Thermoelectric Voltage in Absolute Millivolts °C 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °C 1330 1340 1350 1360 1370 1380 1390 1400 1410 1420 1430 1440 1450 1460 1470 1480 1490 1500 1510 1520 1530 1540 1550 1560 1570 1580 1590 1600 1610 1620 1630 1640 1650 1660 1670 1680 1690 1700 1710 1720 1730 1740 1750 1760 13.519 13.640 13.761 13.883 14.004 14.125 14.247 14.368 14.489 14.610 14.731 14.852 14.973 15.094 15.215 15.336 15.456 15.576 15.697 15.817 15.937 16.057 16.176 16.296 16.415 16.534 16.653 16.771 16.890 17.008 17.125 17.243 17.360 17.477 17.594 17.711 17.826 17.942 18.056 18.170 18.282 18.394 18.504 18.612 13.531 13.652 13.774 13.895 14.016 14.138 14.259 14.380 14.501 14.622 14.744 14.865 14.985 15.106 15.227 15.348 15.468 15.589 15.709 15.829 15.949 16.069 16.188 16.308 16.427 16.546 16.664 16.783 16.901 17.019 17.137 17.255 17.372 17.489 17.606 17.722 17.838 17.953 18.068 18.181 18.293 18.405 18.515 18.623 13.543 13.664 13.786 13.907 14.028 14.150 14.271 14.392 14.513 14.635 14.756 14.877 14.998 15.118 15.239 15.360 15.480 15.601 15.721 15.841 15.961 16.080 16.200 16.319 16.439 16.558 16.676 16.795 16.913 17.031 17.149 17.267 17.384 17.501 17.617 17.734 17.850 17.965 18.079 18.192 18.305 18.416 18.526 18.634 13.555 13.677 13.798 13.919 14.040 14.162 14.283 14.404 14.526 14.647 14.768 14.889 15.010 15.130 15.251 15.372 15.492 15.613 15.733 15.853 15.973 16.092 16.212 16.331 16.451 16.569 16.688 16.807 16.925 17.043 17.161 17.278 17.396 17.512 17.629 17.745 17.861 17.976 18.090 18.204 18.316 18.427 18.536 18.645 13.567 13.689 13.810 13.931 14.053 14.174 14.295 14.416 14.538 14.659 14.780 14.901 15.022 15.143 15.263 15.384 15.504 15.625 15.745 15.865 15.985 16.104 16.224 16.343 16.462 16.581 16.700 16.819 16.937 17.055 17.173 17.290 17.407 17.524 17.641 17.757 17.873 17.988 18.102 18.215 18.327 18.438 18.547 18.655 13.579 13.701 13.822 13.943 14.065 14.186 14.307 14.429 14.550 14.671 14.792 14.913 15.034 15.155 15.275 15.396 15.516 15.637 15.757 15.877 15.997 16.116 16.236 16.355 16.474 16.593 16.712 16.830 16.949 17.067 17.184 17.302 17.419 17.536 17.652 17.769 17.884 17.999 18.113 18.226 18.338 18.449 18.558 18.666 13.592 13.713 13.834 13.956 14.077 14.198 14.319 14.441 14.562 14.683 14.804 14.925 15.046 15.167 15.287 15.408 15.528 15.649 15.769 15.889 16.009 16.128 16.248 16.367 16.486 16.605 16.724 16.842 16.960 17.078 17.196 17.313 17.431 17.548 17.664 17.780 17.896 18.010 18.124 18.237 18.349 18.460 18.569 18.677 13.604 13.725 13.846 13.968 14.089 14.210 14.332 14.453 14.574 14.695 14.816 14.937 15.058 15.179 15.299 15.420 15.540 15.661 15.781 15.901 16.021 16.140 16.260 16.379 16.498 16.617 16.736 16.854 16.972 17.090 17.208 17.325 17.442 17.559 17.676 17.792 17.907 18.022 18.136 18.249 18.360 18.471 18.580 18.687 13.616 13.737 13.859 13.980 14.101 14.222 14.344 14.465 14.586 14.707 14.828 14.949 15.070 15.191 15.311 15.432 15.552 15.673 15.793 15.913 16.033 16.152 16.272 16.391 16.510 16.629 16.747 16.866 16.984 17.102 17.220 17.337 17.454 17.571 17.687 17.803 17.919 18.033 18.147 18.260 18.372 18.482 18.591 18.698 13.628 13.749 13.871 13.992 14.113 14.235 14.356 14.477 14.598 14.719 14.840 14.961 15.082 15.203 15.324 15.444 15.564 15.685 15.805 15.925 16.045 16.164 16.284 16.403 16.522 16.641 16.759 16.878 16.996 17.114 17.231 17.349 17.466 17.583 17.699 17.815 17.930 18.045 18.158 18.271 18.383 18.493 18.602 13.640 13.761 13.883 14.004 14.125 14.247 14.368 14.489 14.610 14.731 14.852 14.973 15.094 15.215 15.336 15.456 15.576 15.697 15.817 15.937 16.057 16.176 16.296 16.415 16.534 16.653 16.771 16.890 17.008 17.125 17.243 17.360 17.477 17.594 17.711 17.826 17.942 18.056 18.170 18.282 18.394 18.504 18.612 1330 1340 1350 1360 1370 1380 1390 1400 1410 1420 1430 1440 1450 1460 1470 1480 1490 1500 1510 1520 1530 1540 1550 1560 1570 1580 1590 1600 1610 1620 1630 1640 1650 1660 1670 1680 1690 1700 1710 1720 1730 1740 1750 1760 2-56 Rosemount Inc. T/C TYPE S THERMOELECTRIC VOLTAGE as a Function of Temperature (°F) Reference Junctions at 32 °F Reference Standard: NBS Monograph 125 and BS 4937 parts 1-7 Table 2-14. Thermoelectric Voltage in Absolute Millivolts °F -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300 310 320 330 340 350 360 370 380 0 -0.218 -0.194 -0.170 -0.145 -0.119 -0.092 -0.064 -0.035 -0.006 0.024 0.055 0.087 0.119 0.152 0.186 0.221 0.256 0.291 0.328 0.365 0.402 0.440 0.478 0.517 0.557 0.597 0.637 0.678 0.719 0.761 0.803 0.846 0.889 0.932 0.976 1.020 1.064 1.109 1.154 1.199 1.245 1.291 1.337 1.384 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °F -0.215 -0.192 -0.168 -0.142 -0.116 -0.089 -0.061 -0.033 -0.003 0.027 0.058 0.090 0.123 0.156 0.190 0.224 0.259 0.295 0.331 0.368 0.406 0.444 0.482 0.521 0.561 0.601 0.641 0.682 0.724 0.765 0.808 0.850 0.893 0.936 0.980 1.024 1.069 1.113 1.158 1.204 1.250 1.296 1.342 1.388 -0.236 -0.213 -0.190 -0.165 -0.140 -0.114 -0.086 -0.058 -0.030 0.000 0.030 0.062 0.093 0.126 0.159 0.193 0.228 0.263 0.299 0.335 0.372 0.409 0.448 0.486 0.525 0.565 0.605 0.645 0.686 0.728 0.770 0.812 0.854 0.897 0.941 0.985 1.029 1.073 1.118 1.163 1.208 1.254 1.300 1.347 1.393 -0.233 -0.211 -0.187 -0.163 -0.137 -0.111 -0.084 -0.056 -0.027 0.003 0.033 0.065 0.097 0.129 0.163 0.197 0.231 0.266 0.302 0.339 0.376 0.413 0.451 0.490 0.529 0.569 0.609 0.649 0.690 0.732 0.774 0.816 0.859 0.902 0.945 0.989 1.033 1.078 1.122 1.168 1.213 1.259 1.305 1.351 1.398 -0.231 -0.209 -0.185 -0.160 -0.135 -0.108 -0.081 -0.053 -0.024 0.006 0.037 0.068 0.100 0.133 0.166 0.200 0.235 0.270 0.306 0.342 0.379 0.417 0.455 0.494 0.533 0.573 0.613 0.653 0.695 0.736 0.778 0.820 0.863 0.906 0.950 0.993 1.038 1.082 1.127 1.172 1.218 1.263 1.309 1.356 1.402 -0.229 -0.206 -0.182 -0.158 -0.132 -0.106 -0.078 -0.050 -0.021 0.009 0.040 0.071 0.103 0.136 0.169 0.203 0.238 0.274 0.309 0.346 0.383 0.421 0.459 0.498 0.537 0.577 0.617 0.658 0.699 0.740 0.782 0.824 0.867 0.910 0.954 0.998 1.042 1.087 1.131 1.177 1.222 1.268 1.314 1.360 1.407 -0.227 -0.204 -0.180 -0.155 -0.129 -0.103 -0.075 -0.047 -0.018 0.012 0.043 0.074 0.106 0.139 0.173 0.207 0.242 0.277 0.313 0.350 0.387 0.425 0.463 0.502 0.541 0.581 0.621 0.662 0.703 0.744 0.786 0.829 0.872 0.915 0.958 1.002 1.046 1.091 1.136 1.181 1.227 1.273 1.319 1.365 1.412 -0.225 -0.202 -0.178 -0.153 -0.127 -0.100 -0.073 -0.044 -0.015 0.015 0.046 0.077 0.110 0.142 0.176 0.210 0.245 0.281 0.317 0.353 0.391 0.428 0.467 0.506 0.545 0.585 0.625 0.666 0.707 0.749 0.791 0.833 0.876 0.919 0.963 1.007 1.051 1.095 1.140 1.186 1.231 1.277 1.323 1.370 1.417 -0.222 -0.199 -0.175 -0.150 -0.124 -0.097 -0.070 -0.041 -0.012 0.018 0.049 0.081 0.113 0.146 0.179 0.214 0.249 0.284 0.320 0.357 0.394 0.432 0.471 0.510 0.549 0.589 0.629 0.670 0.711 0.753 0.795 0.837 0.880 0.923 0.967 1.011 1.055 1.100 1.145 1.190 1.236 1.282 1.328 1.374 1.421 -0.220 -0.197 -0.173 -0.148 -0.122 -0.095 -0.067 -0.038 -0.009 0.021 0.052 0.084 0.116 0.149 0.183 0.217 0.252 0.288 0.324 0.361 0.398 0.436 0.474 0.513 0.553 0.593 0.633 0.674 0.715 0.757 0.799 0.842 0.884 0.928 0.971 1.015 1.060 1.104 1.149 1.195 1.240 1.286 1.333 1.379 1.426 -0.218 -0.194 -0.170 -0.145 -0.119 -0.092 -0.064 -0.035 -0.006 0.024 0.055 0.087 0.119 0.152 0.186 0.221 0.256 0.291 0.328 0.365 0.402 0.440 0.478 0.517 0.557 0.597 0.637 0.678 0.719 0.761 0.803 0.846 0.889 0.932 0.976 1.020 1.064 1.109 1.154 1.199 1.245 1.291 1.337 1.384 1.431 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300 310 320 330 340 350 360 370 380 2-57 Common Reference Information, Conversions, and Tables Table 2-14. Thermoelectric Voltage in Absolute Millivolts °F 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °F 390 400 410 420 430 440 450 460 470 480 490 500 510 520 530 540 550 560 570 580 590 600 610 620 630 640 650 660 670 680 690 700 710 720 730 740 750 760 770 780 790 800 810 820 830 840 850 860 870 880 890 900 1.431 1.478 1.525 1.573 1.620 1.669 1.717 1.765 1.814 1.863 1.912 1.962 2.011 2.061 2.111 2.161 2.211 2.262 2.313 2.363 2.414 2.465 2.517 2.568 2.620 2.672 2.723 2.775 2.828 2.880 2.932 2.985 3.037 3.090 3.143 3.196 3.249 3.302 3.356 3.409 3.463 3.516 3.570 3.624 3.678 3.732 3.786 3.840 3.895 3.949 4.004 4.058 1.435 1.482 1.530 1.577 1.625 1.673 1.722 1.770 1.819 1.868 1.917 1.967 2.016 2.066 2.116 2.166 2.216 2.267 2.318 2.368 2.419 2.471 2.522 2.573 2.625 2.677 2.729 2.781 2.833 2.885 2.937 2.990 3.043 3.095 3.148 3.201 3.254 3.308 3.361 3.414 3.468 3.522 3.575 3.629 3.683 3.737 3.791 3.846 3.900 3.955 4.009 4.064 1.440 1.487 1.535 1.582 1.630 1.678 1.727 1.775 1.824 1.873 1.922 1.972 2.021 2.071 2.121 2.171 2.221 2.272 2.323 2.374 2.425 2.476 2.527 2.578 2.630 2.682 2.734 2.786 2.838 2.890 2.943 2.995 3.048 3.101 3.154 3.207 3.260 3.313 3.366 3.420 3.473 3.527 3.581 3.635 3.689 3.743 3.797 3.851 3.906 3.960 4.015 4.069 1.445 1.492 1.539 1.587 1.635 1.683 1.731 1.780 1.829 1.878 1.927 1.977 2.026 2.076 2.126 2.176 2.227 2.277 2.328 2.379 2.430 2.481 2.532 2.584 2.635 2.687 2.739 2.791 2.843 2.895 2.948 3.000 3.053 3.106 3.159 3.212 3.265 3.318 3.372 3.425 3.479 3.532 3.586 3.640 3.694 3.748 3.802 3.857 3.911 3.965 4.020 4.075 1.449 1.497 1.544 1.592 1.640 1.688 1.736 1.785 1.834 1.883 1.932 1.981 2.031 2.081 2.131 2.181 2.232 2.282 2.333 2.384 2.435 2.486 2.537 2.589 2.640 2.692 2.744 2.796 2.848 2.901 2.953 3.006 3.058 3.111 3.164 3.217 3.270 3.324 3.377 3.430 3.484 3.538 3.592 3.645 3.699 3.754 3.808 3.862 3.916 3.971 4.025 4.080 1.454 1.501 1.549 1.597 1.644 1.693 1.741 1.790 1.839 1.888 1.937 1.986 2.036 2.086 2.136 2.186 2.237 2.287 2.338 2.389 2.440 2.491 2.542 2.594 2.646 2.697 2.749 2.801 2.854 2.906 2.958 3.011 3.064 3.117 3.169 3.223 3.276 3.329 3.382 3.436 3.489 3.543 3.597 3.651 3.705 3.759 3.813 3.867 3.922 3.976 4.031 4.086 1.459 1.506 1.554 1.601 1.649 1.698 1.746 1.795 1.843 1.893 1.942 1.991 2.041 2.091 2.141 2.191 2.242 2.292 2.343 2.394 2.445 2.496 2.548 2.599 2.651 2.703 2.755 2.807 2.859 2.911 2.964 3.016 3.069 3.122 3.175 3.228 3.281 3.334 3.388 3.441 3.495 3.549 3.602 3.656 3.710 3.764 3.819 3.873 3.927 3.982 4.036 4.091 1.464 1.511 1.558 1.606 1.654 1.702 1.751 1.799 1.848 1.898 1.947 1.996 2.046 2.096 2.146 2.196 2.247 2.297 2.348 2.399 2.450 2.501 2.553 2.604 2.656 2.708 2.760 2.812 2.864 2.916 2.969 3.022 3.074 3.127 3.180 3.233 3.286 3.340 3.393 3.447 3.500 3.554 3.608 3.662 3.716 3.770 3.824 3.878 3.933 3.987 4.042 4.096 1.468 1.516 1.563 1.611 1.659 1.707 1.756 1.804 1.853 1.902 1.952 2.001 2.051 2.101 2.151 2.201 2.252 2.302 2.353 2.404 2.455 2.506 2.558 2.609 2.661 2.713 2.765 2.817 2.869 2.922 2.974 3.027 3.080 3.132 3.185 3.238 3.292 3.345 3.398 3.452 3.506 3.559 3.613 3.667 3.721 3.775 3.829 3.884 3.938 3.993 4.047 4.102 1.473 1.520 1.568 1.616 1.664 1.712 1.761 1.809 1.858 1.907 1.957 2.006 2.056 2.106 2.156 2.206 2.257 2.307 2.358 2.409 2.460 2.512 2.563 2.615 2.666 2.718 2.770 2.822 2.875 2.927 2.979 3.032 3.085 3.138 3.191 3.244 3.297 3.350 3.404 3.457 3.511 3.565 3.619 3.672 3.726 3.781 3.835 3.889 3.944 3.998 4.053 4.107 1.478 1.525 1.573 1.620 1.669 1.717 1.765 1.814 1.863 1.912 1.962 2.011 2.061 2.111 2.161 2.211 2.262 2.313 2.363 2.414 2.465 2.517 2.568 2.620 2.672 2.723 2.775 2.828 2.880 2.932 2.985 3.037 3.090 3.143 3.196 3.249 3.302 3.356 3.409 3.463 3.516 3.570 3.624 3.678 3.732 3.786 3.840 3.895 3.949 4.004 4.058 4.113 390 400 410 420 430 440 450 460 470 480 490 500 510 520 530 540 550 560 570 580 590 600 610 620 630 640 650 660 670 680 690 700 710 720 730 740 750 760 770 780 790 800 810 820 830 840 850 860 870 880 890 900 2-58 Rosemount Inc. Table 2-14. Thermoelectric Voltage in Absolute Millivolts °F 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °F 910 920 930 940 950 960 970 980 990 1000 1010 1020 1030 1040 1050 1060 1070 1080 1090 1100 1110 1120 1130 1140 1150 1160 1170 1180 1190 1200 1210 1220 1230 1240 1250 1260 1270 1280 1290 1300 1310 1320 1330 1340 1350 1360 1370 1380 1390 1400 1410 1420 4.113 4.168 4.223 4.278 4.333 4.388 4.443 4.498 4.554 4.609 4.665 4.721 4.776 4.832 4.888 4.944 5.000 5.057 5.113 5.169 5.226 5.283 5.339 5.396 5.453 5.510 5.567 5.625 5.682 5.740 5.797 5.855 5.913 5.971 6.029 6.087 6.146 6.204 6.263 6.321 6.380 6.439 6.498 6.557 6.616 6.675 6.734 6.794 6.853 6.913 6.972 7.032 4.118 4.173 4.228 4.283 4.338 4.393 4.449 4.504 4.559 4.615 4.670 4.726 4.782 4.838 4.894 4.950 5.006 5.062 5.119 5.175 5.232 5.288 5.345 5.402 5.459 5.516 5.573 5.631 5.688 5.746 5.803 5.861 5.919 5.977 6.035 6.093 6.152 6.210 6.268 6.327 6.386 6.445 6.503 6.562 6.622 6.681 6.740 6.800 6.859 6.919 6.978 7.038 4.124 4.179 4.234 4.289 4.344 4.399 4.454 4.509 4.565 4.620 4.676 4.732 4.788 4.843 4.899 4.956 5.012 5.068 5.124 5.181 5.237 5.294 5.351 5.408 5.465 5.522 5.579 5.636 5.694 5.751 5.809 5.867 5.925 5.983 6.041 6.099 6.157 6.216 6.274 6.333 6.392 6.450 6.509 6.568 6.627 6.687 6.746 6.805 6.865 6.925 6.984 7.044 4.129 4.184 4.239 4.294 4.349 4.404 4.460 4.515 4.570 4.626 4.682 4.737 4.793 4.849 4.905 4.961 5.017 5.074 5.130 5.186 5.243 5.300 5.356 5.413 5.470 5.527 5.585 5.642 5.700 5.757 5.815 5.873 5.931 5.989 6.047 6.105 6.163 6.222 6.280 6.339 6.397 6.456 6.515 6.574 6.633 6.693 6.752 6.811 6.871 6.931 6.990 7.050 4.135 4.190 4.245 4.300 4.355 4.410 4.465 4.521 4.576 4.632 4.687 4.743 4.799 4.855 4.911 4.967 5.023 5.079 5.136 5.192 5.249 5.305 5.362 5.419 5.476 5.533 5.590 5.648 5.705 5.763 5.821 5.878 5.936 5.994 6.052 6.111 6.169 6.227 6.286 6.345 6.403 6.462 6.521 6.580 6.639 6.699 6.758 6.817 6.877 6.937 6.996 7.056 4.140 4.195 4.250 4.305 4.360 4.415 4.471 4.526 4.582 4.637 4.693 4.748 4.804 4.860 4.916 4.972 5.029 5.085 5.141 5.198 5.254 5.311 5.368 5.425 5.482 5.539 5.596 5.653 5.711 5.769 5.826 5.884 5.942 6.000 6.058 6.117 6.175 6.233 6.292 6.350 6.409 6.468 6.527 6.586 6.645 6.704 6.764 6.823 6.883 6.943 7.002 7.062 4.146 4.201 4.256 4.311 4.366 4.421 4.476 4.532 4.587 4.643 4.698 4.754 4.810 4.866 4.922 4.978 5.034 5.090 5.147 5.203 5.260 5.317 5.373 5.430 5.487 5.544 5.602 5.659 5.717 5.774 5.832 5.890 5.948 6.006 6.064 6.122 6.181 6.239 6.298 6.356 6.415 6.474 6.533 6.592 6.651 6.710 6.770 6.829 6.889 6.948 7.008 7.068 4.151 4.206 4.261 4.316 4.371 4.426 4.482 4.537 4.593 4.648 4.704 4.760 4.815 4.871 4.927 4.984 5.040 5.096 5.153 5.209 5.266 5.322 5.379 5.436 5.493 5.550 5.608 5.665 5.723 5.780 5.838 5.896 5.954 6.012 6.070 6.128 6.187 6.245 6.304 6.362 6.421 6.480 6.539 6.598 6.657 6.716 6.776 6.835 6.895 6.954 7.014 7.074 4.157 4.212 4.267 4.322 4.377 4.432 4.487 4.543 4.598 4.654 4.709 4.765 4.821 4.877 4.933 4.989 5.045 5.102 5.158 5.215 5.271 5.328 5.385 5.442 5.499 5.556 5.613 5.671 5.728 5.786 5.844 5.902 5.960 6.018 6.076 6.134 6.192 6.251 6.309 6.368 6.427 6.486 6.545 6.604 6.663 6.722 6.782 6.841 6.901 6.960 7.020 7.080 4.162 4.217 4.272 4.327 4.382 4.438 4.493 4.548 4.604 4.659 4.715 4.771 4.827 4.883 4.939 4.995 5.051 5.107 5.164 5.220 5.277 5.334 5.391 5.447 5.504 5.562 5.619 5.676 5.734 5.792 5.849 5.907 5.965 6.023 6.082 6.140 6.198 6.257 6.315 6.374 6.433 6.492 6.551 6.610 6.669 6.728 6.788 6.847 6.907 6.966 7.026 7.086 4.168 4.223 4.278 4.333 4.388 4.443 4.498 4.554 4.609 4.665 4.721 4.776 4.832 4.888 4.944 5.000 5.057 5.113 5.169 5.226 5.283 5.339 5.396 5.453 5.510 5.567 5.625 5.682 5.740 5.797 5.855 5.913 5.971 6.029 6.087 6.146 6.204 6.263 6.321 6.380 6.439 6.498 6.557 6.616 6.675 6.734 6.794 6.853 6.913 6.972 7.032 7.092 910 920 930 940 950 960 970 980 990 1000 1010 1020 1030 1040 1050 1060 1070 1080 1090 1100 1110 1120 1130 1140 1150 1160 1170 1180 1190 1200 1210 1220 1230 1240 1250 1260 1270 1280 1290 1300 1310 1320 1330 1340 1350 1360 1370 1380 1390 1400 1410 1420 2-59 Common Reference Information, Conversions, and Tables Table 2-14. Thermoelectric Voltage in Absolute Millivolts °F 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °F 1430 1440 1450 1460 1470 1480 1490 1500 1510 1520 1530 1540 1550 1560 1570 1580 1590 1600 1610 1620 1630 1640 1650 1660 1670 1680 1690 1700 1710 1720 1730 1740 1750 1760 1770 1780 1790 1800 1810 1820 1830 1840 1850 1860 1870 1880 1890 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 7.092 7.152 7.212 7.272 7.333 7.393 7.454 7.514 7.575 7.636 7.697 7.758 7.819 7.880 7.942 8.003 8.065 8.126 8.188 8.250 8.312 8.374 8.436 8.498 8.560 8.623 8.685 8.748 8.811 8.874 8.937 9.000 9.063 9.126 9.190 9.253 9.317 9.380 9.444 9.508 9.572 9.636 9.700 9.764 9.829 9.893 9.958 10.023 10.087 10.152 10.217 10.282 7.098 7.158 7.218 7.278 7.339 7.399 7.460 7.520 7.581 7.642 7.703 7.764 7.825 7.886 7.948 8.009 8.071 8.132 8.194 8.256 8.318 8.380 8.442 8.504 8.567 8.629 8.692 8.754 8.817 8.880 8.943 9.006 9.069 9.133 9.196 9.259 9.323 9.387 9.450 9.514 9.578 9.642 9.707 9.771 9.835 9.900 9.964 10.029 10.094 10.159 10.224 10.289 7.104 7.164 7.224 7.285 7.345 7.405 7.466 7.526 7.587 7.648 7.709 7.770 7.831 7.892 7.954 8.015 8.077 8.138 8.200 8.262 8.324 8.386 8.448 8.511 8.573 8.635 8.698 8.761 8.823 8.886 8.949 9.012 9.076 9.139 9.202 9.266 9.329 9.393 9.457 9.521 9.585 9.649 9.713 9.777 9.842 9.906 9.971 10.036 10.100 10.165 10.230 10.295 7.110 7.170 7.230 7.291 7.351 7.411 7.472 7.533 7.593 7.654 7.715 7.776 7.837 7.899 7.960 8.021 8.083 8.145 8.206 8.268 8.330 8.392 8.455 8.517 8.579 8.642 8.704 8.767 8.830 8.893 8.956 9.019 9.082 9.145 9.209 9.272 9.336 9.399 9.463 9.527 9.591 9.655 9.719 9.784 9.848 9.913 9.977 10.042 10.107 10.172 10.237 10.302 7.116 7.176 7.236 7.297 7.357 7.417 7.478 7.539 7.599 7.660 7.721 7.782 7.843 7.905 7.966 8.028 8.089 8.151 8.213 8.275 8.336 8.399 8.461 8.523 8.585 8.648 8.711 8.773 8.836 8.899 8.962 9.025 9.088 9.152 9.215 9.278 9.342 9.406 9.470 9.533 9.598 9.662 9.726 9.790 9.855 9.919 9.984 10.048 10.113 10.178 10.243 10.308 7.122 7.182 7.242 7.303 7.363 7.423 7.484 7.545 7.605 7.666 7.727 7.788 7.850 7.911 7.972 8.034 8.095 8.157 8.219 8.281 8.343 8.405 8.467 8.529 8.592 8.654 8.717 8.780 8.842 8.905 8.968 9.031 9.095 9.158 9.221 9.285 9.348 9.412 9.476 9.540 9.604 9.668 9.732 9.797 9.861 9.926 9.990 10.055 10.120 10.185 10.250 10.315 7.128 7.188 7.248 7.309 7.369 7.429 7.490 7.551 7.612 7.672 7.733 7.795 7.856 7.917 7.978 8.040 8.101 8.163 8.225 8.287 8.349 8.411 8.473 8.536 8.598 8.660 8.723 8.786 8.849 8.912 8.975 9.038 9.101 9.164 9.228 9.291 9.355 9.419 9.482 9.546 9.610 9.674 9.739 9.803 9.867 9.932 9.997 10.061 10.126 10.191 10.256 10.321 7.134 7.194 7.254 7.315 7.375 7.436 7.496 7.557 7.618 7.679 7.740 7.801 7.862 7.923 7.985 8.046 8.108 8.169 8.231 8.293 8.355 8.417 8.479 8.542 8.604 8.667 8.729 8.792 8.855 8.918 8.981 9.044 9.107 9.171 9.234 9.298 9.361 9.425 9.489 9.553 9.617 9.681 9.745 9.809 9.874 9.938 10.003 10.068 10.133 10.198 10.263 10.328 7.140 7.200 7.260 7.321 7.381 7.442 7.502 7.563 7.624 7.685 7.746 7.807 7.868 7.929 7.991 8.052 8.114 8.176 8.237 8.299 8.361 8.423 8.486 8.548 8.610 8.673 8.736 8.798 8.861 8.924 8.987 9.050 9.114 9.177 9.240 9.304 9.368 9.431 9.495 9.559 9.623 9.687 9.752 9.816 9.880 9.945 10.010 10.074 10.139 10.204 10.269 10.334 7.146 7.206 7.266 7.327 7.387 7.448 7.508 7.569 7.630 7.691 7.752 7.813 7.874 7.935 7.997 8.058 8.120 8.182 8.244 8.305 8.368 8.430 8.492 8.554 8.617 8.679 8.742 8.805 8.867 8.930 8.993 9.057 9.120 9.183 9.247 9.310 9.374 9.438 9.502 9.565 9.630 9.694 9.758 9.822 9.887 9.951 10.016 10.081 10.146 10.211 10.276 10.341 7.152 7.212 7.272 7.333 7.393 7.454 7.514 7.575 7.636 7.697 7.758 7.819 7.880 7.942 8.003 8.065 8.126 8.188 8.250 8.312 8.374 8.436 8.498 8.560 8.623 8.685 8.748 8.811 8.874 8.937 9.000 9.063 9.126 9.190 9.253 9.317 9.380 9.444 9.508 9.572 9.636 9.700 9.764 9.829 9.893 9.958 10.023 10.087 10.152 10.217 10.282 10.348 1430 1440 1450 1460 1470 1480 1490 1500 1510 1520 1530 1540 1550 1560 1570 1580 1590 1600 1610 1620 1630 1640 1650 1660 1670 1680 1690 1700 1710 1720 1730 1740 1750 1760 1770 1780 1790 1800 1810 1820 1830 1840 1850 1860 1870 1880 1890 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 2-60 Rosemount Inc. Table 2-14. Thermoelectric Voltage in Absolute Millivolts °F 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °F 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050 2060 2070 2080 2090 32100 2110 2120 2130 2140 2150 2160 2170 2180 2190 2200 2210 2220 2230 2240 2250 2260 2270 2280 2290 2300 2310 2320 2330 2340 2350 2360 2370 2380 2390 2400 2410 2420 2430 2440 2450 2460 10.348 10.413 10.478 10.544 10.609 10.675 10.740 10.806 10.872 10.938 11.004 11.070 11.136 11.202 11.268 11.335 11.401 11.467 11.534 11.600 11.667 11.734 11.800 11.867 11.934 12.001 12.067 12.134 12.201 12.268 12.335 12.402 12.469 12.536 12.604 12.671 12.738 12.805 12.872 12.940 13.007 13.074 13.142 13.209 13.276 13.344 13.411 13.478 13.546 13.613 13.681 13.748 10.354 10.419 10.485 10.550 10.616 10.681 10.747 10.813 10.879 10.944 11.010 11.076 11.143 11.209 11.275 11.341 11.408 11.474 11.541 11.607 11.674 11.740 11.807 11.874 11.940 12.007 12.074 12.141 12.208 12.275 12.342 12.409 12.476 12.543 12.610 12.677 12.745 12.812 12.879 12.946 13.014 13.081 13.148 13.216 13.283 13.350 13.418 13.485 13.552 13.620 13.687 13.755 10.361 10.426 10.491 10.557 10.622 10.688 10.754 10.819 10.885 10.951 11.017 11.083 11.149 11.215 11.282 11.348 11.414 11.481 11.547 11.614 11.680 11.747 11.814 11.880 11.947 12.014 12.081 12.148 12.215 12.282 12.349 12.416 12.483 12.550 12.617 12.684 12.751 12.819 12.886 12.953 13.020 13.088 13.155 13.222 13.290 13.357 13.424 13.492 13.559 13.627 13.694 13.761 10.367 10.432 10.498 10.563 10.629 10.694 10.760 10.826 10.892 10.958 11.024 11.090 11.156 11.222 11.288 11.355 11.421 11.487 11.554 11.620 11.687 11.754 11.820 11.887 11.954 12.021 12.087 12.154 12.221 12.288 12.355 12.422 12.489 12.557 12.624 12.691 12.758 12.825 12.893 12.960 13.027 13.094 13.162 13.229 13.296 13.364 13.431 13.499 13.566 13.633 13.701 13.768 10.374 10.439 10.504 10.570 10.635 10.701 10.767 10.832 10.898 10.964 11.030 11.096 11.162 11.229 11.295 11.361 11.428 11.494 11.560 11.627 11.694 11.760 11.827 11.894 11.960 12.027 12.094 12.161 12.228 12.295 12.362 12.429 12.496 12.563 12.630 12.698 12.765 12.832 12.899 12.967 13.034 13.101 13.168 13.236 13.303 13.371 13.438 13.505 13.573 13.640 13.708 13.775 10.380 10.445 10.511 10.576 10.642 10.708 10.773 10.839 10.905 10.971 11.037 11.103 11.169 11.235 11.301 11.368 11.434 11.501 11.567 11.634 11.700 11.767 11.834 11.900 11.967 12.034 12.101 12.168 12.235 12.302 12.369 12.436 12.503 12.570 12.637 12.704 12.771 12.839 12.906 12.973 13.041 13.108 13.175 13.243 13.310 13.377 13.445 13.512 13.579 13.647 13.714 13.782 10.387 10.452 10.517 10.583 10.648 10.714 10.780 10.846 10.912 10.977 11.043 11.110 11.176 11.242 11.308 11.374 11.441 11.507 11.574 11.640 11.707 11.774 11.840 11.907 11.974 12.041 12.107 12.174 12.241 12.308 12.375 12.442 12.510 12.577 12.644 12.711 12.778 12.845 12.913 12.980 13.047 13.115 13.182 13.249 13.317 13.384 13.451 13.519 13.586 13.654 13.721 13.788 10.393 10.459 10.524 10.589 10.655 10.721 10.786 10.852 10.918 10.984 11.050 11.116 11.182 11.248 11.315 11.381 11.447 11.514 11.580 11.647 11.714 11.780 11.847 11.914 11.980 12.047 12.114 12.181 12.248 12.315 12.382 12.449 12.516 12.583 12.651 12.718 12.785 12.852 12.919 12.987 13.054 13.121 13.189 13.256 13.323 13.391 13.458 13.526 13.593 13.660 13.728 13.795 10.400 10.465 10.531 10.596 10.662 10.727 10.793 10.859 10.925 10.991 11.057 11.123 11.189 11.255 11.321 11.388 11.454 11.521 11.587 11.654 11.720 11.787 11.854 11.920 11.987 12.054 12.121 12.188 12.255 12.322 12.389 12.456 12.523 12.590 12.657 12.724 12.792 12.859 12.926 12.993 13.061 13.128 13.195 13.263 13.330 13.397 13.465 13.532 13.600 13.667 13.734 13.802 10.406 10.472 10.537 10.603 10.668 10.734 10.800 10.865 10.931 10.997 11.063 11.129 11.196 11.262 11.328 11.394 11.461 11.527 11.594 11.660 11.727 11.794 11.860 11.927 11.994 12.061 12.128 12.194 12.261 12.328 12.395 12.463 12.530 12.597 12.664 12.731 12.798 12.866 12.933 13.000 13.067 13.135 13.202 13.269 13.337 13.404 13.472 13.539 13.606 13.674 13.741 13.809 10.413 10.478 10.544 10.609 10.675 10.740 10.806 10.872 10.938 11.004 11.070 11.136 11.202 11.268 11.335 11.401 11.467 11.534 11.600 11.667 11.734 11.800 11.867 11.934 12.001 12.067 12.134 12.201 12.268 12.335 12.402 12.469 12.536 12.604 12.671 12.738 12.805 12.872 12.940 13.007 13.074 13.142 13.209 13.276 13.344 13.411 13.478 13.546 13.613 13.681 13.748 13.815 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050 2060 2070 2080 2090 32100 2110 2120 2130 2140 2150 2160 2170 2180 2190 2200 2210 2220 2230 2240 2250 2260 2270 2280 2290 2300 2310 2320 2330 2340 2350 2360 2370 2380 2390 2400 2410 2420 2430 2440 2450 2460 2-61 Common Reference Information, Conversions, and Tables Table 2-14. Thermoelectric Voltage in Absolute Millivolts °F 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °F 2470 2480 2490 2500 2510 2520 2530 2540 2550 2560 2570 2580 2590 2600 2610 2620 2630 2640 2650 2660 2670 2680 2690 2700 2710 2720 2730 2740 2750 2760 2770 2780 2790 2800 2810 2820 2830 2840 2850 2860 2870 2880 2890 2900 2910 2920 2930 2940 2950 2960 2970 2980 13.815 13.883 13.950 14.018 14.085 14.152 14.220 14.287 14.354 14.422 14.489 14.556 14.624 14.691 14.758 14.826 14.893 14.960 15.027 15.094 15.161 15.228 15.295 15.362 15.429 15.496 15.563 15.630 15.697 15.763 15.830 15.897 15.963 16.030 16.096 16.163 16.229 16.296 16.362 16.428 16.494 16.560 16.626 16.692 16.758 16.824 16.890 16.955 17.021 17.086 17.152 17.217 13.822 13.890 13.957 14.024 14.092 14.159 14.226 14.294 14.361 14.429 14.496 14.563 14.631 14.698 14.765 14.832 14.899 14.967 15.034 15.101 15.168 15.235 15.302 15.369 15.436 15.503 15.570 15.637 15.703 15.770 15.837 15.903 15.970 16.037 16.103 16.170 16.236 16.302 16.368 16.435 16.501 16.567 16.633 16.699 16.765 16.830 16.896 16.962 17.027 17.093 17.158 17.223 13.829 13.896 13.964 14.031 14.098 14.166 14.233 14.301 14.368 14.435 14.503 14.570 14.637 14.705 14.772 14.839 14.906 14.973 15.041 15.108 15.175 15.242 15.309 15.376 15.443 15.510 15.576 15.643 15.710 15.777 15.844 15.910 15.977 16.043 16.110 16.176 16.243 16.309 16.375 16.441 16.507 16.573 16.639 16.705 16.771 16.837 16.903 16.968 17.034 17.099 17.165 17.230 13.836 13.903 13.970 14.038 14.105 14.173 14.240 14.307 14.375 14.442 14.509 14.577 14.644 14.711 14.778 14.846 14.913 14.980 15.047 15.114 15.181 15.248 15.315 15.382 15.449 15.516 15.583 15.650 15.717 15.783 15.850 15.917 15.983 16.050 16.116 16.183 16.249 16.315 16.382 16.448 16.514 16.580 16.646 16.712 16.778 16.844 16.909 16.975 17.040 17.106 17.171 17.237 13.842 13.910 13.977 14.045 14.112 14.179 14.247 14.314 14.381 14.449 14.516 14.583 14.651 14.718 14.785 14.852 14.920 14.987 15.054 15.121 15.188 15.255 15.322 15.389 15.456 15.523 15.590 15.657 15.723 15.790 15.857 15.923 15.990 16.057 16.123 16.189 16.256 16.322 16.388 16.454 16.521 16.587 16.653 16.719 16.784 16.850 16.916 16.981 17.047 17.112 17.178 17.243 13.849 13.916 13.984 14.051 14.119 14.186 14.253 14.321 14.388 14.455 14.523 14.590 14.657 14.725 14.792 14.859 14.926 14.994 15.061 15.128 15.195 15.262 15.329 15.396 15.463 15.530 15.597 15.663 15.730 15.797 15.864 15.930 15.997 16.063 16.130 16.196 16.262 16.329 16.395 16.461 16.527 16.593 16.659 16.725 16.791 16.857 16.922 16.988 17.053 17.119 17.184 17.250 13.856 13.923 13.991 14.058 14.125 14.193 14.260 14.328 14.395 14.462 14.530 14.597 14.664 14.731 14.799 14.866 14.933 15.000 15.067 15.134 15.202 15.269 15.336 15.403 15.469 15.536 15.603 15.670 15.737 15.804 15.870 15.937 16.003 16.070 16.136 16.203 16.269 16.335 16.402 16.468 16.534 16.600 16.666 16.732 16.797 16.863 16.929 16.995 17.060 17.125 17.191 17.256 13.863 13.930 13.997 14.065 14.132 14.200 14.267 14.334 14.402 14.469 14.536 14.604 14.671 14.738 14.805 14.873 14.940 15.007 15.074 15.141 15.208 15.275 15.342 15.409 15.476 15.543 15.610 15.677 15.743 15.810 15.877 15.943 16.010 16.077 16.143 16.209 16.276 16.342 16.408 16.474 16.540 16.606 16.672 16.738 16.804 16.870 16.935 17.001 17.067 17.132 17.197 17.263 13.869 13.937 14.004 14.072 14.139 14.206 14.274 14.341 14.408 14.476 14.543 14.610 14.678 14.745 14.812 14.879 14.946 15.014 15.081 15.148 15.215 15.282 15.349 15.416 15.483 15.550 15.617 15.683 15.750 15.817 15.883 15.950 16.017 16.083 16.150 16.216 16.282 16.349 16.415 16.481 16.547 16.613 16.679 16.745 16.811 16.876 16.942 17.008 17.073 17.139 17.204 17.269 13.876 13.943 14.011 14.078 14.146 14.213 14.280 14.348 14.415 14.482 14.550 14.617 14.684 14.752 14.819 14.886 14.953 15.020 15.088 15.155 15.222 15.289 15.356 15.423 15.490 15.556 15.623 15.690 15.757 15.824 15.890 15.957 16.023 16.090 16.156 16.223 16.289 16.355 16.421 16.488 16.554 16.620 16.686 16.751 16.817 16.883 16.949 17.014 17.080 17.145 17.210 17.276 13.883 13.950 14.018 14.085 14.152 14.220 14.287 14.354 14.422 14.489 14.556 14.624 14.691 14.758 14.826 14.893 14.960 15.027 15.094 15.161 15.228 15.295 15.362 15.429 15.496 15.563 15.630 15.697 15.763 15.830 15.897 15.963 16.030 16.096 16.163 16.229 16.296 16.362 16.428 16.494 16.560 16.626 16.692 16.758 16.824 16.890 16.955 17.021 17.086 17.152 17.217 17.282 2470 2480 2490 2500 2510 2520 2530 2540 2550 2560 2570 2580 2590 2600 2610 2620 2630 2640 2650 2660 2670 2680 2690 2700 2710 2720 2730 2740 2750 2760 2770 2780 2790 2800 2810 2820 2830 2840 2850 2860 2870 2880 2890 2900 2910 2920 2930 2940 2950 2960 2970 2980 2-62 Rosemount Inc. Table 2-14. Thermoelectric Voltage in Absolute Millivolts °F 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °F 2990 3000 3010 3020 3030 3040 3050 3060 3070 3080 3090 3100 3110 3120 3130 3140 3150 3160 3170 3180 3190 3200 3210 17.282 17.347 17.412 17.477 17.542 17.607 17.672 17.736 17.801 17.865 17.929 17.993 18.056 18.119 18.182 18.245 18.307 18.369 18.431 18.492 18.552 18.612 18.672 17.289 17.354 17.419 17.484 17.549 17.614 17.678 17.743 17.807 17.871 17.935 17.999 18.063 18.126 18.189 18.251 18.313 18.375 18.437 18.498 18.558 18.618 18.678 17.295 17.360 17.425 17.490 17.555 17.620 17.685 17.749 17.814 17.878 17.942 18.005 18.069 18.132 18.195 18.257 18.320 18.381 18.443 18.504 18.564 18.624 18.684 17.302 17.367 17.432 17.497 17.562 17.627 17.691 17.756 17.820 17.884 17.948 18.012 18.075 18.138 18.201 18.264 18.326 18.388 18.449 18.510 18.570 18.630 18.690 17.308 17.373 17.438 17.503 17.568 17.633 17.698 17.762 17.826 17.891 17.954 18.018 18.081 18.145 18.207 18.270 18.332 18.394 18.455 18.516 18.576 18.636 18.696 17.315 17.380 17.445 17.510 17.575 17.639 17.704 17.769 17.833 17.897 17.961 18.024 18.088 18.151 18.214 18.276 18.338 18.400 18.461 18.522 18.582 18.642 17.321 17.386 17.451 17.516 17.581 17.646 17.711 17.775 17.839 17.903 17.967 18.031 18.094 18.157 18.220 18.282 18.344 18.406 18.467 18.528 18.588 18.648 17.328 17.393 17.458 17.523 17.588 17.652 17.717 17.781 17.846 17.910 17.974 18.037 18.100 18.163 18.226 18.289 18.351 18.412 18.473 18.534 18.594 18.654 17.334 17.399 17.464 17.529 17.594 17.659 17.723 17.788 17.852 17.916 17.980 18.043 18.107 18.170 18.232 18.295 18.357 18.418 18.479 18.540 18.600 18.660 17.341 17.406 17.471 17.536 17.601 17.665 17.730 17.794 17.859 17.923 17.986 18.050 18.113 18.176 18.239 18.301 18.363 18.424 18.486 18.546 18.606 18.666 17.347 17.412 17.477 17.542 17.607 17.672 17.736 17.801 17.865 17.929 17.993 18.056 18.119 18.182 18.245 18.307 18.369 18.431 18.492 18.552 18.612 18.672 2990 3000 3010 3020 3030 3040 3050 3060 3070 3080 3090 3100 3110 3120 3130 3140 3150 3160 3170 3180 3190 3200 3210 T/C TYPE T THERMOELECTRIC VOLTAGE as a Function of Temperature (°C) Reference Junctions at 0 °C Reference Standard: NBS Monograph 125 and BS 4937 parts 1-7 Table 2-15. Thermoelectric Voltage in Absolute Millivolts °C 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °C -270 -260 -250 -240 -230 -220 -210 -200 -190 -180 -170 -160 -150 -140 -130 -120 -110 -100 -6.258 -6.232 -6.181 -6.105 -6.007 -5.889 -5.753 -5.603 -5.439 -5.261 -5.069 -4.865 -4.648 -4.419 -4.177 -3.923 -3.656 -3.378 -6.256 -6.228 -6.174 -6.096 -5.996 -5.876 -5.739 -5.587 -5.421 -5.242 -5.050 -4.844 -4.626 -4.395 -4.152 -3.897 -3.629 -3.350 -6.255 -6.224 -6.167 -6.087 -5.985 -5.863 -5.724 -5.571 -5.404 -5.223 -5.030 -4.823 -4.603 -4.371 -4.127 -3.870 -3.602 -3.321 -6.253 -6.219 -6.160 -6.078 -5.973 -5.850 -5.710 -5.555 -5.387 -5.205 -5.010 -4.801 -4.581 -4.347 -4.102 -3.844 -3.574 -3.293 -6.251 -6.214 -6.153 -6.068 -5.962 -5.836 -5.695 -5.539 -5.369 -5.186 -4.989 -4.780 -4.558 -4.323 -4.077 -3.818 -3.547 -3.264 -6.248 -6.209 -6.146 -6.059 -5.950 -5.823 -5.680 -5.522 -5.351 -5.167 -4.969 -4.758 -4.535 -4.299 -4.051 -3.791 -3.519 -3.235 -6.245 -6.204 -6.138 -6.049 -5.938 -5.509 -5.665 -5.506 -5.333 -5.147 -4.948 -4.737 -4.512 -4.275 -4.026 -3.764 -3.491 -3.206 -6.242 -6.198 -6.130 -6.039 -5.926 -5.795 -5.650 -5.489 -5.315 -5.128 -4.928 -4.715 -4.489 -4.251 -4.000 -3.737 -3.463 -3.177 -6.239 -6.193 -6.122 -6.028 -5.914 -5.782 -5.634 -5.473 -5.297 -5.109 -4.907 -4.693 -4.466 -4.226 -3.974 -3.711 -3.435 -3.147 -6.236 -6.187 -6.114 -6.018 -5.901 -5.767 -5.619 -5.456 -5.279 -5.089 -4.886 -4.670 -4.442 -4.202 -3.949 -3.684 -3.407 -3.118 -6.232 -6.181 -6.105 -6.007 -5.889 -5.753 -5.603 -5.439 -5.261 -5.069 -4.865 -4.648 -4.419 -4.177 -3.923 -3.656 -3.378 -3.089 -270 -260 -250 -240 -230 -220 -210 -200 -190 -180 -170 -160 -150 -140 -130 -120 -110 -100 2-63 Common Reference Information, Conversions, and Tables Table 2-15. Thermoelectric Voltage in Absolute Millivolts °C 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °C -90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300 310 320 330 340 350 360 370 380 390 -3.089 -2.788 -2.475 -2.152 -1.819 -1.475 -1.121 -0.757 -0.383 0.000 0.391 0.789 1.196 1.611 2.035 2.467 2.908 3.357 3.813 4.277 4.749 5.227 5.712 6.204 6.702 7.207 7.718 8.235 8.757 9.286 9.820 10.360 10.905 11.456 12.011 12.572 13.137 13.707 14.281 14.860 15.443 16.030 16.621 17.217 17.816 18.420 19.027 19.638 20.252 -3.059 -2.757 -2.444 -2.120 -1.785 -1.440 -1.085 -0.720 -0.345 0.039 0.430 0.830 1.237 1.653 2.078 2.511 2.953 3.402 3.859 4.324 4.796 5.275 5.761 6.254 6.753 7.258 7.769 8.287 8.810 9.339 9.874 10.414 10.960 11.511 12.067 12.628 13.194 13.764 14.339 14.918 15.501 16.089 16.681 17.277 17.877 18.480 19.088 19.699 20.314 -3.029 -2.726 -2.412 -2.087 -1.751 -1.405 -1.049 -0.683 -0.307 0.078 0.470 0.870 1.279 1.695 2.121 2.555 2.997 3.447 3.906 4.371 4.844 5.324 5.810 6.303 6.803 7.309 7.821 8.339 8.863 9.392 9.928 10.469 11.015 11.566 12.123 12.684 13.251 13.821 14.396 14.976 15.560 16.148 16.740 17.336 17.937 18.541 19.149 19.761 20.376 -2.999 -2.695 -2.380 -2.053 -1.717 -1.370 -1.013 -0.646 -0.269 0.117 0.510 0.911 1.320 1.738 2.164 2.599 3.042 3.493 3.952 4.418 4.891 5.372 5.859 6.353 6.853 7.360 7.872 8.391 8.915 9.446 9.982 10.523 11.070 11.622 12.179 12.741 13.307 13.879 14.454 15.034 15.619 16.207 16.800 17.396 17.997 18.602 19.210 19.822 20.437 -2.970 -2.664 -2.348 -2.020 -1.682 -1.334 -0.976 -0.608 -0.231 0.156 0.549 0.951 1.361 1.780 2.207 2.643 3.087 3.538 3.998 4.465 4.939 5.420 5.908 6.403 6.903 7.411 7.924 8.443 8.968 9.499 10.036 10.578 11.125 11.677 12.235 12.797 13.364 13.936 14.512 15.092 15.677 16.266 16.859 17.456 18.057 18.662 19.271 19.883 20.499 -2.939 -2.633 -2.315 -1.987 -1.648 -1.299 -0.940 -0.571 -0.193 0.195 0.589 0.992 1.403 1.822 2.250 2.687 3.131 3.584 4.044 4.512 4.987 5.469 5.957 6.452 6.954 7.462 7.975 8.495 9.021 9.553 10.090 10.632 11.180 11.733 12.291 12.854 13.421 13.993 14.570 15.151 15.736 16.325 16.919 17.516 18.118 18.723 19.332 19.945 20.560 -2.909 -2.602 -2.283 -1.953 -1.614 -1.263 -0.903 -0.534 -0.154 0.234 0.629 1.032 1.444 1.865 2.294 2.731 3.176 3.630 4.091 4.559 5.035 5.517 6.007 6.502 7.004 7.513 8.027 8.548 9.074 9.606 10.144 10.687 11.235 11.788 12.347 12.910 13.478 14.051 14.628 15.209 15.795 16.384 16.978 17.576 18.178 18.784 19.393 20.006 20.622 -2.879 -2.570 -2.250 -1.920 -1.579 -1.228 -0.867 -0.496 -0.116 0.273 0.669 1.073 1.486 1.907 2.337 2.775 3.221 3.676 4.137 4.607 5.083 5.566 6.056 6.552 7.055 7.564 8.079 8.600 9.127 9.659 10.198 10.741 11.290 11.844 12.403 12.967 13.535 14.108 14.686 15.267 15.853 16.444 17.038 17.636 18.238 18.845 19.455 20.068 20.684 -2.849 -2.539 -2.218 -1.886 -1.544 -1.192 -0.830 -0.458 -0.077 0.312 0.709 1.114 1.528 1.950 2.380 2.819 3.266 3.721 4.184 4.654 5.131 5.615 6.105 6.602 7.106 7.615 8.131 8.652 9.180 9.713 10.252 10.796 11.345 11.900 12.459 13.024 13.592 14.166 14.744 15.326 15.912 16.503 17.097 17.696 18.299 18.905 19.516 20.129 20.746 -2.818 -2.507 -2.185 -1.853 -1.510 -1.157 -0.794 -0.421 -0.039 0.351 0.749 1.155 1.569 1.992 2.424 2.864 3.312 3.767 4.231 4.701 5.179 5.663 6.155 6.652 7.156 7.666 8.183 8.705 9.233 9.767 10.306 10.851 11.401 11.956 12.515 13.080 13.650 14.223 14.802 15.384 15.971 16.562 17.157 17.756 18.359 18.966 19.577 20.191 20.807 -2.788 -2.475 -2.152 -1.819 -1.475 -1.121 -0.757 -0.383 0.000 0.391 0.789 1.196 1.611 2.035 2.467 2.908 3.357 3.813 4.277 4.749 5.227 5.712 6.204 6.702 7.207 7.718 8.235 8.757 9.286 9.820 10.360 10.905 11.456 12.011 12.572 13.137 13.707 14.281 14.860 15.443 16.030 16.621 17.217 17.816 18.420 19.027 19.638 20.252 20.869 -90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300 310 320 330 340 350 360 370 380 390 2-64 Rosemount Inc. T/C TYPE T THERMOELECTRIC VOLTAGE as a Function of Temperature (°F) Reference Junctions at 32 °F Reference Standard: NBS Monograph 125 and BS 4937 parts 1-7 Table 2-16. Thermoelectric Voltage in Absolute Millivolts °F -460 -450 -440 -430 -420 -410 -400 -390 -380 -370 -360 -350 -340 -330 -320 -310 -300 -290 -280 -270 -260 -250 -240 -230 -220 -210 -200 -190 -180 -170 -160 -150 -140 -130 -120 -110 -100 -90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 0 -6.254 -6.240 -6.217 -6.187 -6.150 -6.105 -6.053 -5.995 -5.930 -5.860 -5.785 -5.705 -5.620 -5.532 -5.439 -5.341 -5.240 -5.135 -5.025 -4.912 -4.794 -4.673 -4.548 -4.419 -4.286 -4.149 -4.009 -3.864 -3.717 -3.565 -3.410 -3.251 -3.089 -2.923 -2.753 -2.581 -2.405 -2.225 -2.042 -1.856 -1.667 -1.475 -1.279 -1.081 1 -6.253 -6.238 -6.215 -6.184 -6.146 -6.100 -6.048 -5.988 -5.923 -5.853 -5.777 -5.697 -5.612 -5.522 -5.429 -5.331 -5.230 -5.124 -5.014 -4.900 -4.782 -4.661 -4.535 -4.406 -4.272 -4.135 -3.994 -3.850 -3.702 -3.550 -3.394 -3.235 -3.072 -2.906 -2.736 -2.563 -2.387 -2.207 -2.024 -1.838 -1.648 -1.455 -1.260 -1.061 2 -6.252 -6.236 -6.212 -6.181 -6.142 -6.095 -6.042 -5.982 -5.916 -5.845 -5.769 -5.688 -5.603 -5.513 -5.419 -5.321 -5.219 -5.113 -5.003 -4.889 -4.770 -4.648 -4.522 -4.392 -4.259 -4.121 -3.980 -3.835 -3.687 -3.534 -3.378 -3.219 -3.056 -2.889 -2.719 -2.546 -2.369 -2.189 -2.005 -1.819 -1.629 -1.436 -1.240 -1.041 3 -6.251 -6.234 -6.209 -6.177 -6.137 -6.090 -6.036 -5.976 -5.910 -5.838 -5.761 -5.680 -5.594 -5.504 -5.410 -5.311 -5.209 -5.102 -4.992 -4.877 -4.758 -4.636 -4.509 -4.379 -4.245 -4.107 -3.966 -3.820 -3.671 -3.519 -3.362 -3.203 -3.039 -2.872 -2.702 -2.528 -2.351 -2.171 -1.987 -1.800 -1.610 -1.416 -1.220 -1.021 4 -6.250 -6.232 -6.206 -6.173 -6.133 -6.085 -6.030 -5.969 -5.903 -5.830 -5.753 -5.672 -5.585 -5.495 -5.400 -5.301 -5.198 -5.091 -4.980 -4.865 -4.746 -4.623 -4.497 -4.366 -4.232 -4.093 -3.951 -3.806 -3.656 -3.503 -3.647 -3.186 -3.023 -2.855 -2.685 -2.511 -2.333 -2.152 -1.968 -1.781 -1.591 -1.397 -1.200 -1.000 5 6 7 8 9 10 °F -6.248 -6.230 -6.203 -6.170 -6.128 -6.080 -6.025 -5.963 -5.896 -5.823 -5.745 -5.663 -5.576 -5.486 -5.390 -5.291 -5.188 -5.080 -4.969 -4.853 -4.734 -4.611 -4.484 -4.353 -4.218 -4.079 -3.937 -3.791 -3.641 -3.488 -3.661 -3.170 -3.006 -2.838 -2.667 -2.493 -2.315 -2.134 -1.950 -1.762 -1.571 -1.377 -1.180 -0.980 -6.258 -6.247 -6.227 -6.200 -6.166 -6.124 -6.075 -6.019 -5.957 -5.889 -5.815 -5.737 -5.655 -5.568 -5.476 -5.381 -5.281 -5.177 -5.069 -4.958 -4.842 -4.722 -4.598 -4.471 -4.339 -4.204 -4.065 -3.923 -3.776 -3.626 -3.472 -3.615 -3.154 -2.989 -2.822 -2.650 -2.475 -2.297 -2.116 -1.931 -1.743 -1.552 -1.358 -1.160 -0.960 -6.257 -6.245 -6.225 -6.197 -6.162 -6.119 -6.069 -6.013 -5.950 -5.881 -5.808 -5.729 -5.646 -5.559 -5.457 -5.371 -5.271 -5.167 -5.058 -4.946 -4.830 -4.710 -4.586 -4.458 -4.326 -4.191 -4.051 -3.908 -3.761 -3.611 -3.457 -3.299 -3.138 -2.973 -2.805 -2.633 -2.458 -2.279 -2.098 -1.912 -1.724 -1.533 -1.338 -1.141 -0.940 -6.256 -6.243 -6.223 -6.194 -6.158 -6.115 -6.064 -6.007 -5.943 -5.874 -5.800 -5.721 -5.638 -5.550 -5.457 -5.361 -5.261 -5.156 -5.047 -4.935 -4.818 -4.698 -4.573 -4.445 -4.313 -4.177 -4.037 -3.894 -3.746 -3.596 -3.441 -3.283 -3.121 -2.956 -2.788 -2.616 -2.440 -2.261 -2.079 -1.894 -1.705 -1.513 -1.319 -1.121 -0.920 -6.255 -6.242 -6.220 -6.191 -6.154 -6.110 -6.059 -6.001 -5.937 -5.867 -5.792 -5.713 -5.629 -5.541 -5.448 -5.351 -5.250 -5.145 -5.036 -4.923 -4.806 -4.685 -4.560 -4.432 -4.299 -4.163 -4.023 -3.879 -3.732 -3.580 -3.425 -3.267 -3.105 -2.939 -2.771 -2.598 -2.422 -2.243 -2.061 -1.875 -1.686 -1.494 -1.299 -1.101 -0.899 -6.254 -6.240 -6.217 -6.187 -6.150 -6.105 -6.053 -5.995 -5.930 -5.860 -5.785 -5.705 -5.620 -5.532 -5.439 -5.341 -5.240 -5.135 -5.025 -4.912 -4.794 -4.673 -4.548 -4.419 -4.286 -4.149 -4.009 -3.864 -3.717 -3.565 -3.410 -3.251 -3.089 -2.923 -2.753 -2.581 -2.405 -2.225 -2.042 -1.856 -1.667 -1.475 -1.279 -1.081 -0.879 -460 -450 -440 -430 -420 -410 -400 -390 -380 -370 -360 -350 -340 -330 -320 -310 -300 -290 -280 -270 -260 -250 -240 -230 -220 -210 -200 -190 -180 -170 -160 -150 -140 -130 -120 -110 -100 -90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 2-65 Common Reference Information, Conversions, and Tables Table 2-16. Thermoelectric Voltage in Absolute Millivolts °F 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °F -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300 310 320 330 340 350 360 370 380 390 400 410 420 430 440 450 460 470 480 490 500 -0.879 -0.674 -0.467 -0.256 -0.043 0.173 0.391 0.611 0.834 1.060 1.288 1.518 1.752 1.988 2.226 2.467 2.711 2.958 3.206 3.458 3.711 3.967 4.225 4.486 4.749 5.014 5.281 5.550 5.821 6.094 6.369 6.647 6.926 7.207 7.490 7.775 8.062 8.350 8.641 8.933 9.227 9.523 9.820 10.120 10.420 10.723 11.027 11.333 11.640 11.949 12.260 12.572 -0.859 -0.654 -0.446 -0.235 -0.022 0.195 0.413 0.634 0.857 1.082 1.311 1.542 1.775 2.011 2.250 2.492 2.736 2.982 3.231 3.483 3.737 3.993 4.251 4.512 4.775 5.040 5.307 5.577 5.848 6.122 6.397 6.675 6.954 7.235 7.518 7.804 8.090 8.379 8.670 8.962 9.257 9.553 9.850 10.150 10.451 10.753 11.058 11.364 11.671 11.980 12.291 12.603 -0.838 -0.633 -0.425 -0.214 0.000 0.216 0.435 0.656 0.879 1.105 1.334 1.565 1.799 2.035 2.274 2.516 2.760 3.007 3.256 3.508 3.762 4.019 4.277 4.538 4.801 5.067 5.334 5.604 5.875 6.149 6.425 6.702 6.982 7.263 7.547 7.832 8.119 8.408 8.699 8.992 9.286 9.582 9.880 10.180 10.481 10.784 11.088 11.394 11.702 12.011 12.322 12.634 -0.818 -0.613 -0.404 -0.193 0.022 0.238 0.457 0.678 0.902 1.128 1.357 1.588 1.822 2.059 2.298 2.540 2.785 3.032 3.281 3.533 3.788 4.044 4.303 4.565 4.828 5.093 5.361 5.631 5.903 6.177 6.452 6.730 7.010 7.292 7.575 7.861 8.148 8.437 8.728 9.021 9.316 9.612 9.910 10.210 10.511 10.814 11.119 11.425 11.733 12.042 12.353 12.666 -0.798 -0.592 -0.383 -0.171 0.043 0.260 0.479 0.700 0.924 1.151 1.380 1.611 1.846 2.083 2.322 2.565 2.809 3.057 3.307 3.559 3.813 4.070 4.329 4.591 4.854 5.120 5.388 5.658 5.930 6.204 6.480 6.758 7.038 7.320 7.604 7.889 8.177 8.466 8.757 9.050 9.345 9.642 9.940 10.240 10.541 10.845 11.149 11.456 11.764 12.073 12.384 12.697 -0.777 -0.571 -0.362 -0.150 0.065 0.282 0.501 0.722 0.947 1.173 1.403 1.635 1.869 2.107 2.347 2.589 2.834 3.082 3.332 3.584 3.839 4.096 4.355 4.617 4.881 5.147 5.415 5.685 5.957 6.232 6.508 6.786 7.066 7.348 7.632 7.918 8.206 8.495 8.787 9.080 9.375 9.671 9.970 10.270 10.572 10.875 11.180 11.487 11.795 12.104 12.416 12.728 -0.757 -0.550 -0.341 -0.129 0.086 0.303 0.523 0.745 0.969 1.196 1.426 1.658 1.893 2.131 2.371 2.613 2.859 3.107 3.357 3.609 3.864 4.122 4.381 4.643 4.907 5.174 5.442 5.712 5.985 6.259 6.536 6.814 7.094 7.377 7.661 7.947 8.235 8.524 8.816 9.109 9.404 9.701 10.000 10.300 10.602 10.905 11.211 11.517 11.826 12.135 12.447 12.760 -0.736 -0.529 -0.320 -0.107 0.108 0.325 0.545 0.767 0.992 1.219 1.449 1.681 1.917 2.154 2.395 2.638 2.883 3.131 3.382 3.635 3.890 4.148 4.408 4.670 4.934 5.200 5.469 5.739 6.012 6.287 6.563 6.842 7.122 7.405 7.689 7.975 8.264 8.553 8.845 9.139 9.434 9.731 10.030 10.330 10.632 10.936 11.241 11.548 11.856 12.166 12.478 12.791 -0.716 -0.509 -0.299 -0.086 0.130 0.347 0.567 0.789 1.014 1.242 1.472 1.705 1.940 2.178 2.419 2.662 2.908 3.156 3.407 3.660 3.916 4.174 4.434 4.696 4.960 5.227 5.496 5.767 6.039 6.314 6.591 6.870 7.151 7.433 7.718 8.004 8.292 8.583 8.874 9.168 9.464 9.761 10.060 10.360 10.662 10.966 11.272 11.579 11.887 12.198 12.509 12.822 -0.695 -0.488 -0.277 -0.064 0.151 0.369 0.589 0.812 1.037 1.265 1.495 1.728 1.964 2.202 2.443 2.687 2.933 3.181 3.432 3.686 3.941 4.199 4.460 4.722 4.987 5.254 5.523 5.794 6.067 6.342 6.619 6.898 7.179 7.462 7.746 8.033 8.321 8.612 8.904 9.198 9.493 9.791 10.090 10.390 10.693 10.997 11.302 11.610 11.918 12.229 12.540 12.854 -0.674 -0.467 -0.256 -0.043 0.173 0.391 0.611 0.834 1.060 1.288 1.518 1.752 1.988 2.226 2.467 2.711 2.958 3.206 3.458 3.711 3.967 4.225 4.486 4.749 5.014 5.281 5.550 5.821 6.094 6.369 6.647 6.926 7.207 7.490 7.775 8.062 8.350 8.641 8.933 9.227 9.523 9.820 10.120 10.420 10.723 11.027 11.333 11.640 11.949 12.260 12.572 12.885 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300 310 320 330 340 350 360 370 380 390 400 410 420 430 440 450 460 470 480 490 500 2-66 Rosemount Inc. Table 2-16. Thermoelectric Voltage in Absolute Millivolts °F 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °F 510 520 530 540 550 560 570 580 590 600 610 620 630 640 650 660 670 680 690 700 710 720 730 740 750 12.885 13.200 13.516 13.834 14.153 14.474 14.795 15.118 15.443 15.769 16.096 16.424 16.753 17.084 17.416 17.750 18.084 18.420 18.757 19.095 19.434 19.774 20.116 20.458 20.801 12.917 13.232 13.548 13.866 14.185 14.506 14.828 15.151 15.475 15.801 16.128 16.457 16.786 17.117 17.450 17.783 18.118 18.454 18.791 19.129 19.468 19.808 20.150 20.492 20.835 12.948 13.263 13.580 13.898 14.217 14.538 14.860 15.183 15.508 15.834 16.161 16.490 16.819 17.150 17.483 17.816 18.151 18.487 18.824 19.163 19.502 19.843 20.184 20.526 20.869 12.979 13.295 13.611 13.930 14.249 14.570 14.892 15.216 15.540 15.866 16.194 16.523 16.852 17.184 17.516 17.850 18.185 18.521 18.858 19.197 19.536 19.877 20.218 20.560 13.011 13.326 13.643 13.961 14.281 14.602 14.924 15.248 15.573 15.899 16.227 16.555 16.886 17.217 17.549 17.883 18.218 18.555 18.892 19.230 19.570 19.911 20.252 20.595 13.042 13.358 13.675 13.993 14.313 14.634 14.957 15.280 15.605 15.932 16.259 16.588 16.919 17.250 17.583 17.917 18.252 18.588 18.926 19.264 19.604 19.945 20.287 20.629 13.074 13.390 13.707 14.025 14.345 14.666 14.989 15.313 15.638 15.965 16.292 16.621 16.952 17.283 17.616 17.950 18.285 18.622 18.960 19.298 19.638 19.979 20.321 20.663 13.105 13.421 13.739 14.057 14.377 14.699 15.021 15.345 15.871 15.997 16.325 16.654 16.985 17.316 17.649 17.984 18.319 18.656 18.993 19.332 19.672 20.013 20.355 20.698 13.137 13.453 13.770 14.089 14.409 14.731 15.054 15.378 15.703 16.030 16.358 16.687 17.018 17.350 17.683 18.017 18.353 18.689 19.027 19.366 19.706 20.047 20.389 20.732 13.168 13.485 13.802 14.121 14.441 14.763 15.086 15.410 15.736 16.063 16.391 16.720 17.051 17.383 17.716 18.051 18.386 18.723 19.061 19.400 19.740 20.081 20.423 20.766 13.200 13.516 13.834 14.153 14.474 14.795 15.118 15.443 15.769 16.096 16.424 16.753 17.084 17.416 17.750 18.084 18.420 18.757 19.095 19.434 19.774 20.116 20.458 20.801 510 520 530 540 550 560 570 580 590 600 610 620 630 640 650 660 670 680 690 700 710 720 730 740 750 2-67 Common Reference Information, Conversions, and Tables 2-68 Section 3 Wire Table 3-1. Thermocouple Wire Identification Alloy Combination ANSI Code +Lead -Lead Color Coding B Platinum-30% Rhodium Pt-30% Rh Platinum-6% Rhodium Pt-6% Rh None Established E Chromel Nickel-Chromium Ni-Cr +Purple -Red J Iron Fe K Chromel Nickel-Chromium Ni-Cr Omega-P™ Nicrosil Ni-Cr-Si Platinum-13% Rhodium Pt-13% Rh Platinum-10% Rhodium Pt-10% Rh Copper Cu Constantan Copper-Nickel Cu-Ni Constantan Copper-Nickel Cu-Ni Alumel Nickel-Alumel Ni-Al N(1) R S T DIN 4 +White -Red +Red -Blue +Yellow -Red +Red -Green Omega-N™ NISIL Ni-Si-Mg Platinum Pt +Orange -Red Platinum Pt None Established Constantan Copper-Nickel Cu-Ni +Blue -Red None Established +Red(2) -White(2) +Red -Brown (1) Not Official Symbol or Standard (2) Extension Grade 3-1 Common Reference Information, Conversions, and Tables Table 3-2. Resistance vs. Wire Diameter Resistance in Ohms per Double Foot at 68 °F AWG No. Diameter (Inches) Type K Chromel/ Alumel 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 24 26 30 32 34 36 38 40 44 50 56 0.162 0.128 0.102 0.081 0.064 0.051 0.040 0.032 0.0201 0.0159 0.0100 0.0080 0.0063 0.0050 0.0039 0.00315 0.0020 0.0010 0.00049 0.023 0.037 0.058 0.091 0.146 0.230 0.374 0.586 1.490 2.381 5.984 9.524 15.17 24.08 38.20 60.88 149.6 598.4 2408 3-2 Type J Iron/ Constantan 0.014 0.022 0.034 0.054 0.087 0.137 0.222 0.357 0.878 1.405 3.551 5.599 8.946 14.20 23.35 37.01 88.78 355.1 1420 Type T Copper/ Type E Chromel/ Constantan Constantan 0.012 0.019 0.029 0.046 0.074 0.117 0.190 0.298 0.7526 1.204 3.043 4.758 7.66 12.17 19.99 31.64 76.09 304.3 1217 0.027 0.044 0.069 0.109 0.175 0.276 0.448 0.707 1.78 2.836 7.169 11.31 18.09 28.76 45.41 73.57 179.2 716.9 2816 Type S Pt/Pt10% Rh Type R Pt/Pt13% Rh 0.007 0.011 0.018 0.028 0.045 0.071 0.116 0.185 0.464 0.740 1.85 1.96 4.66 7.40 11.6 18.6 74.0 185 740 0.007 0.011 0.018 0.029 0.047 0.073 0.119 0.190 0.478 0.760 1.91 3.04 4.82 7.64 11.95 19.3 76.5 191 764 Rosemount Inc. Table 3-3. Wire Table, Standard Annealed Copper American Wire Gage English Units Gage No. A.W.G. Diameter in Mils at 20°C 0000 000 00 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 460.0 409.6 364.8 324.9 289.3 257.6 229.4 204.3 181.9 162.0 144.3 128.5 114.4 101.9 90.74 80.81 71.96 64.08 57.07 50.82 45.26 40.30 35.89 31.96 28.46 25.35 22.57 20.10 17.90 15.94 14.20 12.64 11.26 10.03 8.928 7.950 7.080 6.305 5.615 5.000 4.453 3.965 3.531 3.145 Ohms per 1000 ft(1) at 20°C (68°F) Feet per Ohm(2) at 20°C (68°F) 0.04901 0.06180 0.07793 0.09827 0.1239 0.1563 0.1970 0.2485 0.3133 0.3951 0.4982 0.6282 0.7921 0.9989 1.260 1.588 2.003 2.525 3.184 4.016 5.064 6.385 8.051 10.15 12.80 16.14 20.36 25.67 32.37 40.81 51.47 64.90 81.83 103.2 130.1 164.1 206.9 260.9 329.0 414.8 523.1 659.6 831.8 1049.0 20,400.0 16,180.0 12,830.0 10,180.0 8,070.0 6,400.0 5,075.0 4,025.0 3,192.0 2,531.0 2,007.0 1,592.0 1,262.0 1,001.0 794.0 629.6 499.3 396.0 314.0 249.0 197.5 156.6 124.2 98.50 78.11 61.95 49.13 38.96 30.90 24.50 19.43 15.41 12.22 9.691 7.685 6.095 4.833 3.833 3.040 2.411 1.912 1.516 1.202 0.9534 (1) Resistance at the stated temperatures of a wire whose length is 1000 ft at 20°C. (2) Length at 20°C of a wire whose resistance is 1 ohm at the stated temperatures. 3-3 Common Reference Information, Conversions, and Tables 3-4 Section 4 RTD’s Platinum 100, Alpha = 0.00385 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 4-1 Platinum 100, Alpha = 0.00392 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 4-7 Platinum 200, Alpha = 0.00385 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 4-12 Platinum 500, Alpha = 0.00385 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 4-18 Nickel 120 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 4-24 Copper 10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 4-26 PLATINUM 100, ALPHA = 0.00385 Resistance as a Function of Temperature (°C) Reference Standard: IEC 751 Table 4-1. Resistance in Ohms °C 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °C -200 -190 -180 -170 -160 -150 -140 -130 -120 -110 -100 -90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 18.49 22.80 27.08 31.32 35.53 39.71 43.87 48.00 52.11 56.19 30.25 64.30 68.33 72.33 76.33 80.31 84.27 88.22 92.16 96.09 100.00 103.90 107.79 111.67 115.54 119.40 123.24 127.07 130.89 134.70 138.50 142.29 146.06 18.93 23.23 27.50 31.74 35.95 40.13 44.28 48.41 52.52 56.60 60.66 64.70 68.73 72.73 76.73 80.70 84.67 88.62 92.55 96.48 100.39 104.29 108.18 112.06 115.93 119.78 123.62 127.45 131.27 135.08 138.88 142.66 146.44 19.36 23.66 27.93 32.16 36.37 40.55 44.70 48.82 52.92 57.00 61.06 65.11 69.13 73.13 77.13 81.10 85.06 89.01 92.95 96.87 100.78 104.68 108.57 112.45 116.31 120.16 124.01 127.84 131.66 135.46 139.26 143.04 146.81 19.79 24.09 28.35 32.59 36.79 40.96 45.11 49.23 53.33 57.41 61.47 65.51 69.53 73.53 77.52 81.50 85.46 89.40 93.34 97.26 101.17 105.07 108.96 112.83 116.70 120.55 124.39 128.22 132.04 135.84 139.64 143.42 147.19 20.22 24.53 28.78 33.01 37.21 41.38 45.52 49.64 53.74 57.82 61.87 65.91 69.93 73.93 77.92 81.89 85.85 89.80 93.73 97.65 101.56 105.46 109.35 113.22 117.08 120.93 124.77 128.60 132.42 136.22 140.02 143.80 147.57 20.65 24.94 28.20 33.43 37.63 41.79 45.94 50.06 54.15 58.22 62.28 66.31 70.33 74.33 78.32 82.29 86.25 90.19 94.12 98.04 101.95 105.85 109.73 113.61 117.47 121.32 125.16 128.98 132.80 136.60 140.39 144.17 147.94 21.08 25.37 28.63 33.85 38.04 42.21 46.35 50.47 54.56 58.63 62.68 66.72 70.73 74.73 78.72 82.69 86.64 90.59 94.52 98.44 102.34 106.24 110.12 113.99 117.85 121.70 125.54 129.37 133.18 136.98 140.77 144.55 148.32 21.51 25.80 30.05 34.27 38.46 42.63 46.76 50.88 54.97 59.04 63.09 67.12 74.13 75.13 79.11 83.08 87.04 90.98 94.91 98.83 102.73 106.63 110.51 114.38 118.24 122.09 125.92 129.75 133.56 137.36 141.15 144.93 148.70 21.94 26.23 30.47 34.69 38.88 43.04 47.18 51.29 55.38 59.44 63.49 67.52 71.53 75.53 79.51 83.48 87.43 91.37 95.30 99.22 103.12 107.02 110.90 114.77 118.62 122.47 126.31 130.13 133.94 137.74 141.53 145.31 149.07 22.37 26.65 30.90 35.11 39.30 43.45 47.59 51.70 55.78 59.85 63.90 67.91 71.93 75.93 79.91 83.88 87.83 91.77 95.69 99.61 103.51 107.40 111.28 115.15 119.01 122.86 126.69 130.51 134.32 138.12 141.91 145.68 149.45 22.80 27.08 31.32 35.53 39.71 43.87 48.00 52.11 56.19 60.25 64.30 68.33 72.33 76.33 80.31 84.27 88.22 92.16 96.09 100.00 103.90 107.79 111.67 115.54 119.40 123.24 127.07 130.89 134.70 138.50 142.29 146.06 149.82 -200 -190 -180 -170 -160 -150 -140 -130 -120 -110 -100 -90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 4-1 Common Reference Information, Conversions, and Tables Table 4-1. Resistance in Ohms °C 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °C 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300 310 320 330 340 350 360 370 380 390 400 410 420 430 440 450 460 470 480 490 500 510 520 530 540 550 560 570 580 590 600 610 620 630 640 149.82 153.58 157.31 161.04 164.76 168.46 172.16 175.84 179.51 183.17 186.82 190.45 194.07 197.69 201.29 204.88 208.45 212.02 215.57 219.12 222.65 226.17 229.67 233.17 236.65 240.13 243.59 247.04 250.48 253.90 257.32 260.72 264.11 267.49 270.86 274.22 277.56 280.90 284.22 287.53 290.83 294.11 297.39 300.65 303.91 307.15 310.38 313.59 316.80 319.99 323.18 326.35 150.20 153.95 157.69 161.42 165.13 168.83 172.53 176.21 179.88 183.53 187.18 190.81 194.44 198.05 201.65 205.23 208.81 212.37 215.93 219.47 223.00 226.52 230.02 233.52 237.00 240.47 243.93 247.38 250.82 254.24 257.66 261.06 264.45 267.83 271.20 274.55 277.90 281.23 284.55 287.86 291.16 294.44 297.72 300.98 304.23 307.47 310.70 313.92 317.12 320.31 323.49 326.66 150.57 154.32 158.06 161.79 165.50 169.20 172.90 176.57 180.24 183.90 187.54 191.18 194.80 198.41 202.01 205.59 209.17 212.73 216.28 219.82 223.35 226.87 230.37 233.87 237.35 240.82 244.28 247.73 251.16 254.59 258.00 261.40 264.79 268.17 271.53 274.89 278.23 281.56 284.88 288.19 291.49 294.77 298.04 301.31 304.56 307.79 311.02 314.24 317.44 320.63 323.81 326.98 150.95 154.70 158.43 162.16 165.87 169.57 173.26 176.94 180.61 184.26 187.91 191.54 195.16 198.77 202.36 205.95 209.52 213.09 216.64 220.18 223.70 227.22 230.72 234.22 237.70 241.17 244.62 248.07 251.50 254.93 258.34 261.74 265.13 268.50 271.87 275.22 278.56 281.89 285.21 288.52 291.81 295.10 298.37 301.63 304.88 308.12 311.34 314.56 317.76 320.95 324.13 327.30 151.33 155.07 158.81 162.53 166.24 169.94 173.63 177.31 180.97 184.63 188.27 191.90 195.52 199.13 202.72 206.31 209.88 213.44 216.99 220.53 224.06 227.57 231.07 234.56 238.04 241.51 244.97 248.41 251.85 255.27 258.68 262.08 265.47 268.84 272.20 275.56 278.90 282.23 285.54 288.85 292.14 295.43 298.70 301.96 305.20 308.44 311.66 314.88 318.08 321.27 324.45 327.61 151.70 155.45 159.18 162.90 166.61 170.31 174.00 177.68 181.34 184.99 188.63 192.26 195.88 199.49 203.08 206.67 210.24 213.80 217.35 220.88 224.41 227.92 231.42 234.91 238.39 241.86 245.31 248.76 252.19 255.61 259.02 262.42 265.80 269.18 272.54 275.89 279.23 282.56 285.87 289.18 292.47 295.75 299.02 302.28 305.53 308.76 311.99 315.20 318.40 321.59 324.76 327.93 152.08 155.82 159.55 163.27 166.98 170.68 174.37 178.04 181.71 185.36 189.00 192.63 196.24 199.85 203.44 207.02 210.59 214.15 217.70 221.24 224.76 228.27 231.77 235.26 238.74 242.20 245.66 249.10 252.53 255.95 259.36 262.76 266.14 269.51 272.88 276.23 279.56 282.89 286.21 289.51 292.80 296.08 299.35 302.61 305.85 309.09 312.31 315.52 318.72 321.91 325.08 328.25 152.45 156.19 159.93 163.65 167.35 171.05 174.74 178.41 182.07 185.72 189.36 192.99 196.60 200.21 203.80 207.38 210.95 214.51 218.05 221.59 225.11 228.62 232.12 235.61 239.09 242.55 246.00 249.45 252.88 256.29 259.70 263.10 266.48 269.85 273.21 276.56 279.90 283.22 286.54 289.84 293.13 296.41 299.68 302.93 306.18 309.41 312.63 315.84 319.04 322.22 325.40 328.56 152.83 156.57 160.30 164.02 167.72 171.42 175.10 178.78 182.44 186.09 189.72 193.35 196.96 200.57 204.16 207.74 211.31 214.86 218.41 221.94 225.46 228.97 232.47 235.96 239.43 242.90 246.35 249.79 253.22 256.63 260.04 263.43 266.82 270.19 273.55 276.89 280.23 283.55 286.87 290.17 293.46 296.74 300.00 303.26 306.50 309.73 312.95 316.16 319.36 322.54 325.72 328.88 153.20 156.94 160.67 164.39 168.09 171.79 175.47 179.14 182.80 186.45 190.09 193.71 197.33 200.93 204.52 208.10 211.66 215.22 218.76 222.29 225.81 229.32 232.82 236.31 239.78 243.24 246.69 250.13 253.56 256.98 260.38 263.77 267.15 270.52 273.88 277.23 280.56 283.89 287.20 290.50 293.79 297.06 300.33 303.58 306.82 310.05 313.27 316.48 319.68 322.86 326.03 329.19 153.58 157.31 161.04 164.76 168.46 172.16 175.84 179.51 183.17 186.82 190.45 194.07 197.69 201.29 204.88 208.45 212.02 215.57 219.12 222.65 226.17 229.67 233.17 236.65 240.13 243.59 247.04 250.48 253.90 257.32 260.72 264.11 267.49 270.86 274.22 277.56 280.90 284.22 287.53 290.83 294.11 297.39 300.65 303.91 307.15 310.38 313.59 316.80 319.99 323.18 326.35 329.51 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300 310 320 330 340 350 360 370 380 390 400 410 420 430 440 450 460 470 480 490 500 510 520 530 540 550 560 570 580 590 600 610 620 630 640 4-2 Rosemount Inc. Table 4-1. Resistance in Ohms °C 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °C 650 660 670 680 690 700 710 720 730 740 750 760 770 780 790 800 810 820 830 840 329.51 332.66 335.79 338.92 342.03 345.13 348.22 351.30 354.37 357.42 360.47 363.50 366.52 369.53 372.52 375.51 378.48 381.45 384.40 387.33 329.82 332.97 336.11 339.23 342.34 345.44 348.53 351.61 354.67 357.73 360.77 363.80 366.82 369.83 372.82 375.81 378.78 381.74 384.69 387.63 330.14 333.28 336.42 339.54 342.65 345.75 348.84 351.91 354.98 358.03 361.07 364.10 367.12 370.13 373.12 376.10 379.08 382.04 384.98 387.92 330.45 333.60 336.73 339.85 342.96 346.06 349.15 352.22 355.28 358.34 361.38 364.40 367.42 370.43 373.42 376.40 379.37 382.33 385.28 388.21 330.77 333.91 337.04 340.16 343.27 346.37 349.45 352.53 355.59 358.64 361.68 364.71 367.72 370.73 373.72 376.70 379.67 382.63 385.57 388.51 331.08 334.23 337.36 340.47 343.58 346.68 349.76 352.83 355.90 358.94 361.98 365.01 368.02 371.03 374.02 377.00 379.97 382.92 385.87 388.80 331.40 334.54 337.67 340.79 343.89 346.99 350.07 353.14 356.20 359.25 362.29 365.31 368.32 371.33 374.32 377.29 380.26 383.22 386.16 389.09 331.71 334.85 337.98 341.10 344.20 347.30 350.38 353.45 356.51 359.55 362.59 365.61 368.62 371.63 374.61 377.59 380.56 383.51 386.45 389.39 332.03 335.17 338.29 341.41 344.51 347.60 350.69 353.75 356.81 359.86 362.89 365.91 368.93 371.92 374.92 377.89 380.85 383.81 386.75 389.68 332.34 335.48 338.61 341.72 344.82 347.91 350.99 354.06 357.12 360.16 363.19 366.22 369.23 372.22 375.21 378.19 381.15 384.10 387.04 389.97 332.66 335.79 338.92 342.03 345.13 348.22 351.30 354.37 357.42 360.47 363.50 366.52 369.53 372.52 375.51 378.48 381.45 384.40 387.33 390.26 650 660 670 680 690 700 710 720 730 740 750 760 770 780 790 800 810 820 830 840 PLATINUM 100, ALPHA = 0.00385 Resistance as a Function of Temperature (°F) Reference Standard: IEC 751 Table 4-2. Resistance in Ohms °F 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °F -330 -320 -310 -300 -290 -280 -270 -260 -250 -240 -230 -220 -210 -200 -190 -180 -170 -160 -150 -140 -130 -120 -110 18.01 20.41 22.80 25.18 27.55 29.91 32.26 34.60 36.93 39.25 41.56 43.87 46.17 48.46 50.74 53.02 55.28 57.55 59.80 62.05 64.30 66.54 68.77 18.25 20.65 23.04 25.43 27.79 30.14 32.49 34.83 37.16 39.48 41.79 44.10 46.40 48.69 50.97 53.24 55.51 57.77 60.03 62.28 64.52 66.76 68.99 18.49 20.89 23.28 25.66 28.02 30.38 32.73 35.06 37.39 39.71 42.03 44.33 46.63 48.91 51.20 53.47 55.74 58.00 60.25 62.50 64.75 66.98 69.22 18.73 21.13 23.52 25.89 28.26 30.62 32.96 35.30 37.63 39.95 42.26 44.56 46.85 49.14 51.42 53.70 55.96 58.22 60.48 62.73 64.97 67.21 69.44 18.97 21.37 23.76 26.13 28.50 30.85 33.20 35.53 37.86 40.18 42.49 44.79 47.08 49.37 51.65 53.92 56.19 58.45 60.70 62.95 65.19 67.43 69.66 19.21 21.61 23.99 26.37 28.73 31.09 33.43 35.76 38.09 40.41 42.72 45.02 47.31 49.60 51.88 54.15 56.42 58.68 60.93 6318 65.42 67.66 69.89 19.45 21.85 24.23 26.60 28.97 31.32 33.66 36.00 38.32 40.64 42.95 45.25 47.54 49.83 52.11 54.38 56.64 58.90 61.15 63.40 65.64 67.88 70.11 19.69 22.09 24.47 26.84 29.20 31.55 33.90 36.23 38.55 40.87 43.18 45.48 47.77 50.06 52.33 54.60 56.87 59.13 61.38 63.63 65.87 68.10 70.33 19.93 22.33 24.71 27.08 29.44 31.79 34.13 36.46 38.79 41.10 43.41 45.71 48.00 50.28 52.56 54.83 57.10 59.35 61.60 63.85 66.09 68.33 70.55 20.17 22.56 24.94 27.31 29.67 32.02 34.36 36.70 39.02 41.33 43.64 45.94 48.23 50.51 52.79 55.06 57.32 59.58 61.83 64.07 66.31 68.55 70.78 20.41 22.80 25.18 27.55 29.91 32.26 34.60 36.93 39.25 41.56 43.87 46.17 48.46 50.74 53.02 55.28 57.55 59.80 62.05 64.30 66.54 68.77 71.00 -330 -320 -310 -300 -290 -280 -270 -260 -250 -240 -230 -220 -210 -200 -190 -180 -170 -160 -150 -140 -130 -120 -110 4-3 Common Reference Information, Conversions, and Tables Table 4-2. Resistance in Ohms °F 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °F -100 -90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300 310 320 330 340 350 360 370 380 390 400 410 71.00 73.22 75.44 77.66 79.87 82.07 84.27 86.47 88.66 90.85 93.03 95.21 97.39 99.57 101.74 103.90 106.07 108.22 110.38 112.53 114.68 116.83 118.97 121.11 123.24 125.37 127.50 129.62 131.74 133.86 135.97 138.08 140.18 142.29 144.38 146.48 148.57 150.66 152.74 154.82 156.90 158.97 161.04 163.11 165.17 167.23 169.29 171.34 173.39 175.43 177.47 179.51 71.22 73.45 75.66 77.88 80.09 82.29 84.49 86.69 88.88 91.07 93.25 95.43 97.61 99.78 101.95 104.12 106.28 108.44 110.60 112.75 114.90 117.04 119.18 121.32 123.45 125.58 127.71 129.83 131.95 134.07 136.18 138.29 140.39 142.50 144.59 146.69 148.78 150.87 152.95 155.03 157.11 159.18 161.25 163.32 165.38 167.44 169.49 171.54 173.59 175.64 177.68 179.71 71.45 73.67 75.89 78.10 80.31 82.51 84.71 86.91 89.10 91.29 93.47 95.65 97.83 100.00 102.17 104.34 106.50 108.66 110.81 112.96 115.11 117.25 119.40 121.53 123.67 125.80 127.92 130.04 132.16 134.28 136.39 138.50 140.60 142.71 144.80 146.90 148.99 151.08 153.16 155.24 157.31 159.39 161.46 163.52 165.58 167.64 169.70 171.75 173.80 175.84 177.88 179.92 71.67 73.89 76.11 78.32 80.53 82.73 84.93 87.13 89.32 91.50 93.69 95.87 98.04 100.22 102.39 104.55 106.71 108.87 111.03 113.18 115.32 117.47 119.61 121.75 123.88 126.01 128.13 130.26 132.38 134.49 136.60 138.71 140.82 142.92 145.01 147.11 149.20 151.28 153.37 155.45 157.52 159.59 161.66 163.73 165.79 167.85 169.90 171.95 174.00 176.04 178.08 180.12 71.89 74.11 76.33 78.54 80.75 82.95 85.15 87.35 89.54 91.72 93.91 96.09 98.26 100.43 102.60 104.77 106.93 109.09 111.24 113.39 115.54 117.68 119.82 121.96 124.09 126.22 128.35 130.47 132.59 134.70 136.81 138.92 141.03 143.13 145.22 147.32 149.41 151.49 153.58 155.65 157.73 159.80 161.87 163.93 166.00 168.05 170.11 172.16 174.20 176.25 178.29 180.32 72.11 74.33 76.55 78.76 80.97 83.17 85.37 87.56 89.76 91.94 94.12 96.30 98.48 100.65 102.82 104.98 107.15 109.30 111.46 113.61 115.75 117.90 120.04 122.17 124.31 126.43 128.56 130.68 132.80 134.91 137.02 139.13 141.24 143.34 145.43 147.53 149.61 151.70 153.78 155.86 157.94 160.01 162.08 164.14 166.20 168.26 170.31 172.36 174.41 176.45 178.49 180.53 72.33 74.56 76.77 78.98 81.19 83.39 85.59 87.78 89.97 92.16 94.34 96.52 98.70 100.87 103.04 105.20 107.36 109.52 111.67 113.82 115.97 118.11 120.25 122.39 124.52 126.65 128.77 130.89 133.01 135.12 137.24 139.34 141.45 143.55 145.64 147.73 149.82 151.91 153.99 156.07 158.14 160.22 162.28 164.35 166.41 168.46 170.52 172.57 174.61 176.66 178.70 180.73 72.56 74.78 76.99 79.20 81.41 83.61 85.81 88.00 90.19 92.38 94.56 96.74 98.91 101.09 103.25 105.42 107.58 109.73 111.89 114.04 116.18 118.33 120.46 122.60 124.73 126.86 128.98 131.10 133.22 135.34 137.45 139.55 141.66 143.76 145.85 147.94 150.03 152.12 154.20 156.28 158.35 160.42 162.49 164.55 166.61 168.67 170.72 172.77 174.82 176.86 178.90 180.93 72.78 75.00 77.21 79.42 81.63 83.83 86.03 88.22 90.41 92.60 94.78 96.96 99.13 101.30 103.47 105.63 107.79 109.95 112.10 114.25 116.40 118.54 120.68 122.81 124.94 127.07 129.20 131.32 133.43 135.55 137.66 139.76 141.87 143.97 146.06 148.15 150.24 152.33 154.41 156.48 158.56 160.63 162.70 164.76 166.82 168.88 170.93 172.98 175.02 177.06 179.10 181.14 73.00 75.22 77.43 79.64 81.85 84.05 86.25 88.44 90.63 92.82 95.00 97.17 99.35 101.52 103.69 105.85 108.01 110.16 112.32 114.47 116.61 118.75 120.89 123.03 125.16 127.28 129.41 131.53 133.65 135.76 137.87 139.97 142.08 144.17 146.27 148.36 150.45 152.53 154.62 156.69 158.77 160.84 162.90 164.97 167.03 169.08 171.13 173.18 175.23 177.27 179.31 181.34 73.22 75.44 77.66 79.87 82.07 84.27 86.47 88.66 90.85 93.03 95.21 97.39 99.57 101.74 103.90 106.07 108.22 110.38 112.53 114.68 116.83 118.97 121.11 123.24 125.37 127.50 129.62 131.74 133.86 135.97 138.08 140.18 142.29 144.38 146.48 148.57 150.66 152.74 154.82 156.90 158.97 161.04 163.11 165.17 167.23 169.29 171.34 173.39 175.43 177.47 179.51 181.54 -100 -90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300 310 320 330 340 350 360 370 380 390 400 410 4-4 Rosemount Inc. Table 4-2. Resistance in Ohms °F 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °F 420 430 440 450 460 470 480 490 500 510 520 530 540 550 560 570 580 590 600 610 620 630 640 650 660 670 680 690 700 710 720 730 740 750 760 770 780 790 800 810 820 830 840 850 860 870 880 890 900 910 920 930 181.54 183.57 185.60 187.62 189.64 191.66 193.67 195.68 197.69 199.69 201.69 203.68 205.67 207.66 209.64 211.62 213.60 215.57 217.54 219.51 221.47 223.43 225.38 227.34 229.28 231.23 233.17 235.11 237.04 238.97 240.90 242.82 244.74 246.65 248.57 250.48 252.38 254.28 256.18 258.07 259.96 261.85 263.74 265.62 267.49 269.36 271.23 273.10 274.96 276.82 278.67 280.53 181.75 183.78 185.80 187.83 189.85 191.86 193.87 195.88 197.89 199.89 201.89 203.88 205.87 207.86 209.84 211.82 213.80 215.77 217.74 219.70 221.67 223.63 225.58 227.53 229.48 231.42 233.36 235.30 237.23 239.16 241.09 243.01 244.93 246.85 248.76 250.67 252.57 254.47 256.37 258.26 260.15 262.04 263.92 265.80 267.68 269.55 271.42 273.29 275.15 277.01 278.86 280.71 181.95 183.98 186.01 188.03 190.05 192.06 194.07 196.08 198.09 200.09 202.09 204.08 206.07 208.06 210.04 212.02 213.99 215.97 217.94 219.90 221.86 223.82 225.78 227.73 229.67 231.62 233.56 235.49 237.43 239.36 241.28 243.20 245.12 247.04 248.95 250.86 252.76 254.66 256.56 258.45 260.34 262.23 264.11 265.99 267.87 269.74 271.61 273.47 275.33 277.19 279.05 280.90 182.15 184.18 186.21 188.23 190.25 192.26 194.28 196.28 198.29 200.29 202.28 204.28 206.27 208.25 210.24 212.22 214.19 216.16 218.13 220.10 22.06 224.02 225.97 227.92 229.87 231.81 233.75 235.69 237.62 239.55 241.47 243.40 245.31 247.23 249.14 251.05 252.95 254.85 256.75 258.64 260.53 262.42 264.30 266.18 268.05 269.93 271.79 273.66 275.52 277.38 279.23 281.08 182.36 184.39 186.41 188.43 190.45 192.47 194.48 196.48 198.49 200.49 202.48 204.48 206.47 208.45 210.44 212.41 214.39 216.36 218.33 220.29 222.25 224.21 226.17 228.12 230.06 232.01 233.94 235.88 237.81 239.74 241.67 243.59 245.51 247.42 249.33 251.24 253.14 255.04 256.94 258.83 260.72 262.61 264.49 266.37 268.24 270.11 271.98 273.84 275.71 277.56 279.42 281.27 182.56 184.59 186.61 188.63 190.65 192.67 194.68 196.68 198.69 200.69 202.68 204.68 206.67 208.65 210.63 212.61 214.59 216.56 218.53 220.49 222.45 224.41 226.36 228.31 230.26 232.20 234.14 236.07 238.01 239.93 241.86 243.78 245.70 247.61 249.52 251.43 253.33 255.23 257.13 259.02 260.91 262.79 264.68 266.55 268.43 270.30 272.17 274.03 275.89 277.75 279.60 281.45 182.76 184.79 186.82 188.84 190.85 192.87 194.88 196.88 198.89 200.89 202.88 204.88 206.86 208.85 210.83 212.81 214.78 216.76 218.72 220.69 222.65 224.60 226.56 228.51 230.45 232.39 234.33 236.27 238.20 240.13 242.05 243.97 245.89 247.80 249.71 251.62 253.52 255.42 257.32 259.21 261.10 262.98 264.86 266.74 268.62 270.49 272.35 274.22 276.08 277.93 279.79 281.64 182.97 184.99 187.02 189.04 191.06 193.07 195.08 197.09 199.09 201.09 203.08 205.07 207.06 209.05 211.03 213.01 214.98 216.95 218.92 220.88 222.84 224.80 226.75 228.70 230.65 232.59 234.53 236.46 238.39 240.32 242.24 244.16 246.08 247.99 249.90 251.81 253.71 255.61 257.51 259.40 261.29 263.17 265.05 266.93 268.80 270.67 272.54 274.40 276.26 278.12 279.97 281.82 183.17 185.20 187.22 189.24 191.26 193.27 195.28 197.29 199.29 201.29 203.28 205.27 207.26 209.25 211.23 213.20 215.18 217.15 219.12 221.08 223.04 224.99 226.95 228.89 230.84 232.78 234.72 236.65 238.58 240.51 242.44 244.36 246.27 248.18 250.09 252.00 253.90 255.80 257.70 259.59 261.47 263.36 265.24 267.12 268.99 270.86 272.73 274.59 276.45 278.30 280.16 282.00 183.37 185.40 187.42 189.44 191.46 193.47 195.48 197.49 199.49 201.49 203.48 205.47 207.46 209.44 211.43 213.40 215.38 217.35 219.31 221.27 223.23 225.19 227.14 229.09 231.03 232.98 234.91 236.85 238.78 240.70 242.63 244.55 246.46 248.38 250.28 252.19 254.09 255.99 257.88 259.78 261.66 263.55 265.43 267.30 269.18 271.05 272.91 274.78 276.63 278.49 280.34 282.19 183.57 185.60 187.62 189.64 191.66 193.67 195.68 197.69 199.69 201.69 203.68 205.67 207.66 209.64 211.62 213.60 215.57 217.54 219.51 221.47 223.43 225.38 227.34 229.28 231.23 233.17 235.11 237.04 238.97 240.90 242.82 244.74 246.65 248.57 250.48 252.38 254.28 256.18 258.07 259.96 261.85 263.74 265.62 267.49 269.36 271.23 273.10 274.96 276.82 278.67 280.53 282.37 420 430 440 450 460 470 480 490 500 510 520 530 540 550 560 570 580 590 600 610 620 630 640 650 660 670 680 690 700 710 720 730 740 750 760 770 780 790 800 810 820 830 840 850 860 870 880 890 900 910 920 930 4-5 Common Reference Information, Conversions, and Tables Table 4-2. Resistance in Ohms °F 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °F 940 950 960 970 980 990 1000 1010 1020 1030 1040 1050 1060 1070 1080 1090 1100 1110 1120 1130 1140 1150 1160 1170 1180 1190 1200 1210 1220 1230 1240 1250 1260 1270 1280 1290 1300 1310 1320 1330 1340 1350 1360 1370 1380 1390 1400 1410 1420 1430 1440 1450 282.37 284.22 286.06 287.90 289.73 291.56 293.38 295.21 297.03 298.84 300.65 302.46 304.27 306.07 307.87 309.66 311.45 313.24 315.02 316.80 318.58 320.35 322.12 323.88 325.64 327.40 329.16 330.91 332.66 334.40 336.14 337.88 339.61 341.34 343.07 344.79 346.51 348.22 349.93 351.64 353.35 355.05 356.74 358.44 360.13 361.81 363.50 365.18 366.85 368.52 370.19 371.86 282.56 284.40 286.24 288.08 289.91 291.74 293.57 295.39 297.21 299.02 300.84 302.64 304.45 306.25 308.05 309.84 311.63 313.42 315.20 316.98 318.75 320.53 322.29 324.06 325.82 327.58 329.33 331.08 332.83 334.57 336.31 338.05 339.78 341.51 343.24 344.96 346.68 348.39 350.10 351.81 353.52 355.22 356.91 358.61 360.30 361.98 363.67 365.34 367.02 368.69 370.36 372.02 282.74 284.59 286.43 288.26 290.10 291.92 293.75 295.57 297.39 299.20 301.02 302.82 304.63 306.43 308.22 310.02 311.81 313.59 315.38 317.16 318.93 320.70 322.47 324.24 326.00 327.75 329.51 331.26 333.00 334.75 336.49 338.22 339.96 341.68 343.41 345.13 346.85 348.56 350.28 351.98 353.69 355.39 357.08 358.78 360.47 362.15 363.83 365.51 367.19 368.86 370.53 372.19 282.93 284.77 286.61 288.45 290.28 292.11 293.93 295.75 297.57 299.39 301.20 303.00 304.81 306.61 308.40 310.20 311.99 313.77 315.55 317.33 319.11 320.88 322.65 324.41 326.17 327.93 329.68 331.43 333.18 334.92 336.66 338.40 340.13 341.86 343.58 345.30 347.02 348.74 350.45 352.15 353.86 355.56 357.25 358.94 360.63 362.32 364.00 365.68 367.35 369.03 370.69 372.36 283.11 284.95 286.79 288.63 290.46 292.29 294.11 295.94 297.75 299.57 301.38 303.18 304.99 306.79 308.58 310.38 312.17 313.95 315.73 317.51 319.29 321.06 322.82 324.59 326.35 328.11 329.86 331.61 333.35 335.10 336.84 338.57 340.30 342.03 343.75 345.48 347.19 348.91 350.62 352.32 354.03 355.73 357.42 359.11 360.80 362.49 364.17 365.85 367.52 369.19 370.86 372.52 283.30 285.14 286.98 288.81 290.64 292.47 294.30 296.12 297.93 299.75 301.56 303.37 305.17 306.97 308.76 310.56 312.34 314.13 315.91 317.69 319.46 321.23 323.00 324.76 326.52 328.28 330.03 331.78 333.53 335.27 337.01 338.74 340.47 342.20 343.93 345.65 347.36 349.08 350.79 352.49 354.20 355.90 357.59 359.28 360.97 362.66 364.34 366.01 367.69 369.36 371.03 372.69 283.48 285.32 287.16 289.00 290.83 292.65 294.48 296.30 298.12 299.93 301.74 303.55 305.35 307.15 308.94 310.73 312.52 314.31 316.09 317.87 319.64 321.41 323.18 324.94 326.70 328.46 330.21 331.96 333.70 335.44 337.18 338.92 340.65 342.38 344.10 345.82 347.54 349.25 350.96 352.66 354.37 356.07 357.76 359.45 361.14 362.82 364.51 366.18 367.86 369.53 371.19 372.86 283.67 285.51 287.34 289.18 291.01 292.84 294.66 296.48 298.30 300.11 301.92 303.73 305.53 307.33 309.12 310.91 312.70 314.49 316.27 318.04 319.82 321.59 323.35 325.12 326.88 328.63 330.38 332.13 333.88 335.62 337.36 339.09 340.82 342.55 344.27 345.99 347.71 349.42 351.13 352.83 354.54 356.24 357.93 359.62 361.31 362.99 364.67 366.35 368.02 369.69 371.36 373.02 283.85 285.69 287.53 289.36 291.19 293.02 294.84 296.66 298.48 300.29 302.10 303.91 305.71 307.51 309.30 311.09 312.88 314.66 316.44 318.22 319.99 321.76 323.53 325.29 327.05 328.81 330.56 332.31 334.05 335.79 337.53 339.26 340.99 342.72 344.44 346.16 347.88 349.59 351.30 353.01 354.71 356.40 358.10 359.79 361.48 363.16 364.84 366.52 368.19 369.86 371.53 373.19 284.03 285.87 287.71 289.55 291.38 293.20 295.03 296.84 298.66 300.47 302.28 304.09 305.89 307.69 309.48 311.27 313.06 314.84 316.62 318.40 320.17 321.94 323.71 325.47 327.23 328.98 330.73 332.48 334.23 335.97 337.70 339.44 341.17 342.89 344.62 346.33 348.05 349.76 351.47 353.18 354.88 356.57 358.27 359.96 361.65 363.33 365.01 366.68 368.36 370.03 371.69 373.35 284.22 286.06 287.90 289.73 291.56 293.38 295.21 297.03 298.84 300.65 302.46 304.27 306.07 307.87 309.66 311.45 313.24 315.02 316.80 318.58 320.35 322.12 323.88 325.64 327.40 329.16 330.91 332.66 334.40 336.14 337.88 339.61 341.34 343.07 344.79 346.51 348.22 349.93 351.64 353.35 355.05 356.74 358.44 360.13 361.81 363.50 365.18 366.85 368.52 370.19 371.86 373.52 940 950 960 970 980 990 1000 1010 1020 1030 1040 1050 1060 1070 1080 1090 1100 1110 1120 1130 1140 1150 1160 1170 1180 1190 1200 1210 1220 1230 1240 1250 1260 1270 1280 1290 1300 1310 1320 1330 1340 1350 1360 1370 1380 1390 1400 1410 1420 1430 1440 1450 4-6 Rosemount Inc. Table 4-2. Resistance in Ohms °F 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °F 1460 1470 1480 1490 1500 1510 1520 1530 1540 1550 1560 373.52 375.18 376.83 378.48 380.13 381.77 383.41 385.05 386.68 388.31 389.94 373.69 375.34 377.00 378.65 380.29 381.94 383.58 385.21 386.85 388.47 390.10 373.85 375.51 377.16 378.81 380.46 382.10 383.74 385.38 387.01 388.64 390.26 374.02 375.67 377.33 378.98 380.62 382.27 383.90 385.54 387.17 388.80 374.18 375.84 377.49 379.14 380.79 382.43 384.07 385.70 387.33 388.96 374.35 376.01 377.66 379.31 380.95 382.59 384.23 385.87 387.50 389.13 374.51 376.17 377.82 379.47 381.12 382.76 384.40 386.03 387.66 389.29 374.68 376.34 377.99 379.64 381.28 382.92 384.56 386.19 387.82 389.45 374.85 376.50 378.15 379.80 381.45 383.09 384.72 386.36 387.99 389.61 375.01 376.67 378.32 379.97 381.61 383.25 384.89 386.52 388.15 389.78 375.18 376.83 378.48 380.13 381.77 383.41 385.05 386.68 388.31 389.94 1460 1470 1480 1490 1500 1510 1520 1530 1540 1550 1560 PLATINUM 100, ALPHA = 0.00392 Resistance as a Function of Temperature (°C) Reference Standard: JIS C 1604 Table 4-3. Resistance in Ohms °C 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °C -200 -190 -180 -170 -160 -150 -140 -130 -120 -110 -100 -90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 17.14 21.47 25.80 30.12 34.41 38.68 42.91 47.12 51.29 55.44 59.57 63.68 67.77 71.85 75.91 79.96 83.99 88.01 92.02 96.02 100.00 103.97 107.93 111.88 115.81 119.73 123.64 127.54 131.42 135.30 139.16 143.01 17.57 21.90 26.23 30.55 34.84 39.11 43.34 47.53 51.70 55.85 59.98 64.09 68.18 72.26 76.32 80.36 84.39 88.41 92.42 96.42 100.40 104.37 108.33 112.27 116.20 120.12 124.03 127.93 131.81 135.68 139.55 143.39 18.00 22.33 26.66 30.98 35.27 39.53 43.76 47.95 52.12 56.26 60.39 64.50 68.59 72.66 76.72 80.77 84.80 88.81 92.82 96.81 100.79 104.76 108.72 112.66 116.60 120.51 124.42 128.32 132.20 136.07 139.93 143.78 18.43 22.77 27.10 31.41 35.70 39.95 44.18 48.37 52.53 56.68 60.80 64.91 69.00 73.07 77.13 81.17 85.20 89.22 93.22 97.21 101.19 105.16 109.12 113.06 116.99 120.91 124.81 128.70 132.59 136.46 140.32 144.16 18.87 23.20 27.53 31.84 36.12 40.38 44.60 48.79 52.95 57.09 61.22 65.32 69.40 73.48 77.53 81.57 85.60 89.62 93.62 97.61 101.59 105.56 109.51 113.45 117.38 121.30 125.20 129.09 132.97 136.84 140.70 144.55 19.30 23.63 27.96 32.27 36.55 40.80 45.02 49.20 53.36 57.50 61.63 65.73 69.81 73.88 77.94 81.98 86.00 90.02 94.02 98.01 101.99 105.95 109.91 113.85 117.77 121.69 125.59 129.48 133.36 137.23 141.09 144.93 19.73 24.07 28.39 32.70 36.98 41.22 45.44 49.62 53.78 57.92 62.04 66.14 70.22 74.29 78.34 82.38 86.41 90.42 94.42 98.41 102.38 106.35 110.30 114.24 118.16 122.08 125.98 129.87 133.75 137.62 141.47 145.31 20.17 24.50 28.82 33.13 37.40 41.65 45.86 50.04 54.19 58.33 62.45 66.55 70.63 74.69 78.74 82.78 86.81 90.82 94.82 98.81 102.78 106.74 110.69 114.63 118.56 122.47 126.37 130.26 134.14 138.00 141.86 145.70 20.60 24.93 29.26 33.56 37.83 42.07 46.28 50.45 54.61 58.75 62.86 66.95 71.03 75.10 79.15 83.19 87.21 91.22 95.22 99.21 103.18 107.14 111.09 115.02 118.95 122.86 126.76 130.65 134.52 138.39 142.24 146.08 21.03 25.37 29.69 33.99 38.26 42.49 46.70 50.87 55.02 59.16 63.27 67.36 71.44 75.50 79.55 83.59 87.61 91.62 95.62 99.60 103.57 107.54 111.48 115.42 119.34 123.25 127.15 131.04 134.91 138.77 142.63 146.46 21.47 25.80 30.12 34.41 38.68 42.91 47.12 51.29 55.44 59.57 63.68 67.77 71.85 75.91 79.96 83.99 88.01 92.02 96.02 100.00 103.97 107.93 111.88 115.81 119.73 123.64 127.54 131.42 135.30 139.16 143.01 146.85 -200 -190 -180 -170 -160 -150 -140 -130 -120 -110 -100 -90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 4-7 Common Reference Information, Conversions, and Tables Table 4-3. Resistance in Ohms °C 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °C 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300 310 320 330 340 350 360 370 380 390 400 410 420 430 440 450 460 470 480 490 500 510 520 530 540 550 560 570 580 590 600 610 146.85 150.67 154.49 158.29 162.08 165.86 169.63 173.38 177.13 180.86 184.58 188.29 191.99 195.67 199.35 203.01 206.66 210.30 213.93 217.54 221.15 224.74 228.32 231.89 235.45 238.99 242.53 246.05 249.56 253.06 256.55 260.02 263.49 266.94 270.38 273.81 277.22 280.63 284.02 287.40 290.77 294.12 297.47 300.80 304.12 307.43 310.72 314.01 317.28 320.54 147.23 151.06 154.87 158.67 162.46 166.24 170.00 173.76 177.50 181.23 184.95 188.66 192.36 196.04 199.71 203.38 207.03 210.66 214.29 217.90 221.51 225.10 228.68 232.25 235.80 239.35 242.88 246.40 249.91 253.41 256.90 260.37 263.83 267.28 270.72 274.15 277.56 280.97 284.36 287.74 291.10 294.46 297.80 301.13 304.45 307.76 311.05 314.34 317.61 320.86 147.61 151.44 155.25 159.05 162.84 166.61 170.38 174.13 177.88 181.61 185.32 189.03 192.72 196.41 200.08 203.74 207.39 211.03 214.65 218.27 221.87 225.46 229.04 232.60 236.16 239.70 243.23 246.75 250.26 253.76 257.24 260.72 264.18 267.63 271.06 274.49 277.90 281.31 284.70 288.07 291.44 294.79 298.14 301.47 304.78 308.09 311.38 314.66 317.93 321.19 148.00 151.82 155.63 159.43 163.22 166.99 170.76 174.51 178.25 181.98 185.70 189.40 193.09 196.78 200.45 204.11 207.75 211.39 215.01 218.63 222.23 225.82 229.39 232.96 236.51 240.06 243.59 247.10 250.61 254.11 257.59 261.06 264.52 267.97 271.41 274.83 278.25 281.65 285.04 288.41 291.78 295.13 298.47 301.80 305.11 308.42 311.71 314.99 318.26 321.51 148.38 152.20 156.01 159.81 163.59 167.37 171.13 174.88 178.62 182.35 186.07 189.77 193.46 197.14 200.81 204.47 208.12 211.75 215.38 218.99 222.59 226.17 229.75 233.31 236.87 240.41 243.94 247.46 250.96 254.46 257.94 261.41 264.87 268.32 271.75 275.17 278.59 281.99 285.37 288.75 292.11 295.46 298.80 302.13 305.44 308.75 312.04 315.32 318.58 321.84 148.76 152.58 156.39 160.19 163.97 167.75 171.51 175.26 179.00 182.72 186.44 190.14 193.83 197.51 201.18 204.84 208.48 212.12 215.74 219.35 222.95 226.53 230.11 233.67 237.22 240.76 244.29 247.81 251.31 254.81 258.29 261.76 265.21 268.66 272.09 275.52 278.93 282.32 285.71 289.09 292.45 295.80 299.14 302.46 305.78 309.08 312.37 315.64 318.91 322.16 149.14 152.96 156.77 160.57 164.35 168.12 171.88 175.63 179.37 183.09 186.81 190.51 194.20 197.88 201.55 205.20 208.85 212.48 216.10 219.71 223.30 226.89 230.46 234.03 237.58 241.12 244.64 248.16 251.66 255.15 258.63 262.10 265.56 269.00 272.44 275.86 279.27 282.66 286.05 289.42 292.78 296.13 299.47 302.79 306.11 309.41 312.70 315.97 319.24 322.49 149.53 153.34 157.15 160.94 164.73 168.50 172.26 176.01 179.74 183.47 187.18 190.88 194.57 198.25 201.91 205.57 209.21 212.84 216.46 220.07 223.66 227.25 230.82 234.38 237.93 241.47 244.99 248.51 252.01 255.50 258.98 262.45 265.90 269.35 272.78 276.20 279.61 283.00 286.39 289.76 293.12 296.47 299.80 303.13 306.44 309.74 313.02 316.30 319.56 322.81 149.91 153.73 157.53 161.32 165.10 168.87 172.63 176.38 180.11 183.84 187.55 191.25 194.94 198.61 202.28 205.93 209.57 213.20 216.82 220.43 224.02 227.61 231.18 234.74 238.29 241.82 245.35 248.86 252.36 255.85 259.33 262.79 266.25 269.69 273.12 276.54 279.95 283.34 286.72 290.10 293.45 296.80 300.13 303.46 306.77 310.07 313.35 316.63 319.89 323.14 150.29 154.11 157.91 161.70 165.48 169.25 173.01 176.75 180.49 184.21 187.92 191.62 195.30 198.98 202.64 206.30 209.94 213.57 217.18 220.79 224.38 227.96 231.53 235.09 238.64 242.18 245.70 249.21 252.71 256.20 259.68 263.14 266.59 270.03 273.46 276.88 280.29 283.68 287.06 290.43 293.79 297.13 300.47 303.79 307.10 310.39 313.68 316.95 320.21 323.46 150.67 154.49 158.29 162.08 165.86 169.63 173.38 177.13 180.86 184.58 188.29 191.99 195.67 199.35 203.01 206.66 210.30 213.93 217.54 221.15 224.74 228.32 231.89 235.45 238.99 242.53 246.05 249.56 253.06 256.55 260.02 263.49 266.94 270.38 273.81 277.22 280.63 284.02 287.40 290.77 294.12 297.47 300.80 304.12 307.43 310.72 314.01 317.28 320.54 323.78 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300 310 320 330 340 350 360 370 380 390 400 410 420 430 440 450 460 470 480 490 500 510 520 530 540 550 560 570 580 590 600 610 4-8 Rosemount Inc. Table 4-3. Resistance in Ohms °C 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °C 620 630 640 323.78 327.02 330.24 324.11 327.34 330.56 324.43 327.66 330.88 324.76 327.99 331.20 325.08 328.31 331.53 325.40 328.63 331.85 325.73 328.95 332.17 326.05 329.28 332.49 326.37 329.60 332.81 326.70 329.92 333.13 327.02 330.24 620 630 640 PLATINUM 100, ALPHA = 0.00392 Resistance as a Function of Temperature (°F) Reference Standard: JIS C 1604 Table 4-4. Resistance in Ohms °F -330 -320 -310 -300 -290 -280 -270 -260 -250 -240 -230 -220 -210 -200 -190 -180 -170 -160 -150 -140 -130 -120 -110 -100 -90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 0 19.06 21.47 23.87 26.28 28.68 31.07 33.46 35.84 38.21 40.57 42.91 45.25 47.58 49.90 52.21 54.52 56.82 59.11 61.40 63.68 65.96 68.23 70.49 72.75 75.01 77.26 79.51 81.75 83.99 86.23 88.46 90.69 92.91 95.13 97.35 99.56 101.77 103.97 106.17 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °F 19.30 21.71 24.12 26.52 28.92 31.31 33.70 36.08 38.44 40.80 43.15 45.49 47.81 50.13 52.44 54.75 57.05 59.64 61.63 63.91 66.18 68.45 70.72 72.98 75.23 77.49 79.73 81.98 84.21 86.45 88.68 90.91 93.13 95.35 97.57 99.78 101.99 104.19 106.39 17.14 19.54 21.95 24.36 26.75 29.16 31.55 33.94 36.31 38.68 41.04 43.38 45.72 48.04 50.36 52.67 54.98 57.28 59.57 61.86 64.14 66.41 68.68 70.94 73.20 75.46 77.71 79.96 82.20 84.44 86.67 88.90 91.13 93.35 95.57 97.79 100.00 102.31 101.41 106.61 17.38 19.78 22.19 24.60 27.00 29.40 31.79 34.18 36.55 38.92 41.27 43.62 45.95 48.28 50.59 52.90 55.21 57.50 59.80 62.08 64.36 66.64 68.91 71.17 73.43 75.68 77.94 80.18 82.42 84.66 86.90 89.13 91.35 93.58 95.80 98.01 100.22 102.43 104.63 106.83 17.62 20.02 22.43 24.84 27.24 29.64 32.03 34.41 36.79 39.15 41.51 43.85 46.18 48.51 50.82 53.13 55.44 57.73 60.03 62.31 64.59 66.86 69.13 71.40 73.66 75.91 78.16 80.41 82.65 84.89 87.12 89.35 91.58 93.80 96.02 98.23 100.44 102.65 104.85 107.05 17.86 20.26 22.67 25.08 27.48 29.88 32.27 34.65 37.03 39.39 41.74 44.08 46.42 48.74 51.06 53.36 55.67 57.96 60.26 62.54 64.82 67.09 69.36 71.62 73.88 76.14 78.39 80.63 82.87 85.11 87.34 89.57 91.80 94.02 96.24 98.45 100.66 102.87 105.07 107.27 18.10 20.50 22.91 25.32 27.72 30.12 32.51 34.89 37.26 39.62 41.98 44.32 46.65 48.97 51.29 53.59 55.90 58.19 60.48 62.77 65.05 67.32 69.59 71.85 74.11 76.36 78.61 80.85 83.10 85.33 87.57 89.80 92.02 94.24 96.46 98.67 100.88 103.09 105.29 107.49 18.34 20.75 23.15 25.56 27.96 30.36 32.75 35.13 37.50 39.86 42.21 44.55 46.88 49.20 51.52 53.82 56.13 58.42 60.71 63.00 65.27 67.55 69.81 72.07 74.33 76.59 78.83 81.08 83.32 85.56 87.79 90.02 92.24 94.46 96.68 98.90 101.10 103.31 105.51 107.71 18.58 20.99 23.39 25.80 28.20 30.60 32.99 35.37 37.74 40.10 42.45 44.79 47.12 49.44 51.75 54.05 56.36 58.65 60.94 63.22 65.50 67.77 70.04 72.30 74.56 76.81 79.06 81.30 83.54 85.78 88.01 90.24 92.47 94.69 96.90 99.12 101.32 103.53 105.73 107.93 18.82 21.23 23.63 26.04 28.44 30.84 33.22 35.60 37.97 40.33 42.68 45.02 47.35 49.67 51.98 54.28 56.59 58.88 61.17 63.45 65.73 68.00 70.27 72.53 74.78 77.04 79.28 81.53 83.77 86.00 88.24 90.46 92.69 94.91 97.12 99.34 101.55 103.75 105.95 108.15 19.06 21.47 23.87 26.28 28.68 31.07 33.46 35.84 38.21 40.57 42.91 45.25 47.58 49.90 52.21 54.52 56.82 59.11 61.40 63.68 65.96 68.23 70.49 72.75 75.01 77.26 79.51 81.75 83.99 86.23 88.46 90.69 92.91 95.13 97.35 99.56 101.77 103.97 106.17 108.37 -330 -320 -310 -300 -290 -280 -270 -260 -250 -240 -230 -220 -210 -200 -190 -180 -170 -160 -150 -140 -130 -120 -110 -100 -90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 4-9 Common Reference Information, Conversions, and Tables Table 4-4. Resistance in Ohms °F 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °F 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300 310 320 330 340 350 360 370 380 390 400 410 420 430 440 450 460 470 480 490 500 510 520 530 540 550 560 570 580 108.37 110.56 112.75 114.94 117.12 119.30 121.47 123.64 125.81 127.97 130.13 132.29 134.44 136.59 138.73 140.87 143.01 145.14 147.27 149.40 151.52 153.64 155.76 157.87 159.98 162.08 164.18 166.28 168.37 170.46 172.55 174.63 176.71 178.79 180.86 182.93 184.99 187.06 189.11 191.17 193.22 195.26 197.31 199.35 201.38 203.42 205.45 207.47 209.49 211.51 213.53 215.54 108.59 110.78 112.97 115.16 117.34 119.51 121.69 123.86 126.02 128.19 130.35 132.50 134.65 136.80 138.95 141.09 143.22 145.36 147.49 149.61 151.73 153.85 155.97 158.08 160.19 162.29 164.39 166.49 168.58 170.67 172.76 174.84 176.92 179.00 181.07 183.14 185.20 187.26 189.32 191.37 193.42 196.47 197.51 199.55 201.59 203.63 205.65 207.67 209.69 211.71 21.73 215.74 108.81 111.00 113.19 115.37 117.55 119.73 121.90 124.08 126.24 128.40 130.56 132.72 134.87 137.02 139.16 141.30 143.44 145.57 147.70 149.82 151.95 154.06 156.18 158.29 160.40 162.50 164.60 166.70 168.79 170.88 172.97 175.05 177.13 179.20 181.27 183.34 185.41 187.47 189.52 191.58 193.63 195.67 197.72 199.75 201.79 203.82 205.85 207.88 209.90 211.91 213.93 215.94 109.03 111.22 113.41 115.59 117.77 119.95 122.12 124.29 126.46 128.62 130.78 132.93 135.08 137.23 139.37 141.51 143.65 145.78 147.91 150.04 152.16 154.28 156.37 158.50 160.61 162.71 164.81 166.91 169.00 171.09 173.18 175.26 177.34 179.41 181.48 183.55 185.61 187.67 189.73 191.78 193.83 195.88 197.92 199.96 201.99 204.03 206.05 208.08 210.10 212.12 214.13 216.14 109.25 111.44 113.63 115.81 117.99 120.17 122.34 124.51 126.67 128.83 130.99 133.15 135.30 137.45 139.59 141.73 143.86 146.00 148.12 150.25 152.37 154.49 156.60 158.71 160.82 162.92 165.02 167.12 169.21 171.30 173.38 175.47 177.54 179.62 181.69 183.76 185.82 187.88 189.93 191.99 194.04 196.08 198.12 200.16 202.20 204.23 206.26 208.28 210.30 212.32 214.33 216.34 109.47 111.66 113.85 116.03 118.21 120.38 122.56 124.72 126.89 129.05 131.21 133.36 135.51 137.66 139.80 141.94 144.08 146.21 148.34 150.46 152.58 154.70 156.81 158.92 161.03 163.13 165.23 167.33 169.42 171.51 173.59 175.67 177.75 179.82 181.90 183.96 186.03 188.08 190.14 192.19 194.24 196.29 198.33 200.37 202.40 204.43 206.46 208.48 210.50 212.52 214.53 216.54 109.69 111.88 114.06 116.25 118.43 120.60 122.88 124.94 127.11 129.27 131.42 133.58 135.73 137.87 140.02 142.16 144.29 146.42 148.55 150.67 152.79 154.91 157.02 159.13 161.24 163.34 165.44 167.54 169.63 171.72 173.80 175.88 177.96 180.03 182.10 184.17 186.23 188.29 190.35 192.40 194.44 196.49 198.53 200.57 202.60 204.63 206.66 208.68 210.70 212.72 214.73 216.74 109.91 112.10 114.28 116.46 118.64 120.82 122.99 125.16 127.32 129.48 131.64 133.79 135.94 138.09 140.23 142.37 144.50 146.64 148.76 150.89 153.01 155.12 157.24 159.34 161.45 163.55 165.65 167.75 169.84 171.92 174.01 176.09 178.17 180.24 182.31 184.38 186.44 188.50 190.55 192.60 194.65 196.69 198.74 200.77 202.81 204.84 206.86 208.89 210.91 212.92 217.93 216.94 110.12 112.31 114.50 116.68 118.86 121.04 123.21 125.37 127.54 129.70 131.85 134.01 136.16 138.30 140.44 142.58 144.72 146.85 148.97 151.10 153.22 155.33 157.45 159.55 161.66 163.76 165.86 167.95 170.05 172.13 174.22 176.30 178.37 180.45 182.52 184.58 186.64 188.70 190.76 192.81 194.85 196.90 198.94 200.98 203.01 205.04 207.07 209.09 211.11 213.12 215.13 217.14 110.34 112.53 114.72 116.90 119.08 121.25 123.42 125.59 127.75 129.91 132.07 134.22 136.37 138.52 140.66 142.80 144.93 147.06 149.19 151.31 153.43 155.55 157.66 159.77 161.87 163.97 166.07 168.16 170.25 172.34 174.42 176.50 178.58 180.65 182.72 184.79 186.85 188.91 190.96 193.01 195.06 197.10 199.14 201.18 203.21 205.24 207.27 209.29 211.31 213.32 215.34 217.34 110.56 112.75 114.94 117.12 119.30 121.47 123.64 125.81 127.97 130.13 132.29 134.44 136.59 138.73 140.87 143.01 145.14 147.27 149.40 151.52 153.64 155.76 157.87 159.98 162.08 164.18 166.28 168.37 170.46 172.55 174.63 176.71 178.79 180.86 182.93 184.99 187.06 189.11 191.17 193.22 195.26 197.31 199.35 201.38 203.42 205.45 207.47 209.49 211.51 213.53 215.54 217.54 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300 310 320 330 340 350 360 370 380 390 400 410 420 430 440 450 460 470 480 490 500 510 520 530 540 550 560 570 580 4-10 Rosemount Inc. Table 4-4. Resistance in Ohms °F 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °F 590 600 610 620 630 640 650 660 670 680 690 700 710 720 730 740 750 760 770 780 790 800 810 820 30 40 50 860 870 880 890 900 910 920 930 940 950 960 970 980 990 1000 1010 1020 1030 1040 1050 1060 1070 1080 1090 1100 217.54 219.55 221.55 223.54 225.54 227.53 229.51 231.49 233.47 235.45 237.42 239.39 241.35 243.31 245.27 247.22 249.17 251.12 253.06 255.00 256.93 258.87 260.79 262.72 264.64 266.56 268.47 270.38 272.28 274.19 276.09 277.98 279.87 281.76 283.64 285.52 287.40 289.27 291.14 293.01 294.87 296.73 298.58 300.43 302.28 304.12 305.96 307.79 309.63 311.45 313.28 315.10 217.74 219.75 221.75 223.74 225.74 227.73 229.71 231.69 233.67 235.65 237.62 239.58 241.55 243.51 245.46 247.42 249.37 251.31 253.25 255.19 257.13 259.06 260.99 262.91 264.83 266.75 268.66 270.57 272.47 274.38 276.27 278.17 280.06 281.95 283.83 285.71 287.59 289.46 291.33 293.19 295.05 296.91 298.77 300.62 302.46 304.30 306.14 307.98 309.81 311.64 313.46 315.28 217.94 219.95 221.95 223.94 225.94 227.92 229.91 231.89 233.87 235.84 237.81 239.78 241.74 243.70 245.66 247.61 249.56 251.51 253.45 255.39 257.32 259.25 261.18 263.10 265.02 266.94 268.85 270.76 272.67 274.57 276.46 278.36 280.25 282.14 284.02 285.90 287.77 289.65 291.51 293.38 295.24 297.10 298.95 600.80 302.65 304.49 306.33 308.16 309.99 311.82 313.64 315.46 218.15 220.15 222.15 224.14 226.13 228.12 230.11 232.09 234.07 236.04 238.01 239.98 241.94 243.90 245.85 247.81 249.76 251.70 253.64 255.58 257.52 259.44 261.37 263.29 265.21 267.13 269.04 270.95 272.86 274.76 276.65 278.55 280.44 282.32 284.21 286.09 287.96 289.83 291.70 293.57 295.43 297.28 299.14 300.98 302.83 304.67 306.51 308.34 310.18 312.00 313.83 315.64 218.35 220.35 222.35 224.34 226.33 228.32 230.31 232.29 234.26 236.24 238.21 240.17 242.14 244.09 246.05 248.00 249.95 251.89 253.84 255.77 257.71 259.64 261.56 263.49 265.41 267.32 269.23 271.14 273.05 274.95 276.84 278.74 280.63 282.51 284.40 286.27 288.15 290.02 291.89 293.75 295.61 297.47 299.32 301.17 303.01 304.86 306.69 308.53 310.36 312.18 314.01 315.83 218.55 220.55 222.55 224.54 226.53 228.52 230.50 232.48 234.46 236.43 238.40 240.37 242.33 244.29 246.25 248.20 250.15 252.09 254.03 255.94 257.90 259.83 261.76 263.68 265.60 267.51 269.42 271.33 273.24 275.14 277.03 278.93 280.82 282.70 284.58 286.46 288.34 290.21 292.07 293.94 295.80 297.65 299.51 301.35 303.20 305.04 306.88 308.71 310.54 312.37 314.19 316.01 218.75 220.75 222.75 224.74 226.73 228.72 230.70 232.68 234.66 236.63 238.60 240.57 242.53 244.49 246.44 248.39 250.34 252.28 254.22 256.16 258.09 260.02 61.95 263.87 265.79 267.70 269.61 271.52 273.43 275.33 277.22 279.12 281.00 282.89 284.77 286.65 288.52 290.39 292.26 294.12 295.98 297.84 299.69 301.54 303.38 305.22 307.06 308.89 310.72 312.55 314.37 316.19 218.95 220.95 222.95 224.94 226.93 228.92 230.90 232.88 234.86 236.83 238.80 240.76 242.72 244.68 246.64 248.59 250.53 252.48 254.42 256.35 258.29 260.22 262.15 264.06 265.98 267.89 269.81 271.71 273.62 275.52 277.41 279.30 281.19 283.08 284.96 286.84 288.71 290.58 292.45 294.31 296.17 298.02 299.88 301.72 303.57 305.41 307.24 309.08 310.91 312.73 314.55 316.37 219.15 221.15 223.15 225.14 227.13 229.12 231.10 233.08 235.05 237.03 238.99 240.96 242.92 244.88 246.83 248.78 250.73 252.67 254.61 256.55 258.48 260.41 262.33 264.25 266.17 268.09 270.00 271.90 273.81 275.71 277.60 279.49 281.38 283.27 285.15 287.02 288.90 290.77 292.63 294.50 296.35 298.21 300.06 301.91 303.75 305.59 307.43 309.26 311.09 312.91 314.74 316.55 219.35 221.35 223.34 225.34 227.33 229.31 231.30 233.28 235.25 237.22 239.19 241.15 243.12 245.07 247.03 248.98 250.92 252.87 254.81 256.74 258.67 260.60 262.53 264.45 266.36 268.28 270.19 272.09 274.00 275.90 277.79 279.68 281.57 283.45 285.34 287.21 289.09 290.95 292.82 294.68 296.54 298.39 300.25 302.09 303.94 305.78 307.61 309.44 311.27 313.10 314.92 316.73 219.55 221.55 223.54 225.54 227.53 229.51 231.49 233.47 235.45 237.42 239.39 241.35 243.31 245.27 247.22 249.17 251.12 253.06 255.00 256.93 258.87 260.79 262.72 264.64 266.56 268.47 270.38 272.28 274.19 276.09 277.98 279.87 281.76 283.64 285.52 287.40 289.27 291.14 293.01 294.87 296.73 298.58 300.43 302.28 304.12 305.96 307.79 309.63 311.45 313.28 315.10 316.92 590 600 610 620 630 640 650 660 670 680 690 700 710 720 730 740 750 760 770 780 790 800 810 820 30 40 50 860 870 880 890 900 910 920 930 940 950 960 970 980 990 1000 1010 1020 1030 1040 1050 1060 1070 1080 1090 1100 4-11 Common Reference Information, Conversions, and Tables Table 4-4. Resistance in Ohms °F 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °F 1110 1120 1130 1140 1150 1160 1170 1180 1190 1200 316.92 318.73 320.54 322.34 324.14 325.94 327.74 329.53 331.31 333.09 317.10 318.91 320.72 322.52 324.32 326.12 327.91 329.70 331.49 317.28 319.09 320.90 322.70 324.50 326.30 328.09 329.88 331.67 317.46 319.27 321.08 322.88 324.68 326.48 328.27 330.06 331.85 317.64 319.45 321.26 323.06 324.86 326.66 328.45 330.24 332.02 317.82 319.63 321.44 323.24 325.04 326.84 328.63 330.42 332.20 318.00 319.81 321.62 323.42 325.22 327.02 328.81 330.60 332.38 318.19 320.00 321.80 323.60 325.40 327.20 328.99 330.78 332.56 318.37 320.18 321.98 323.78 325.58 327.38 329.17 330.95 332.74 318.55 320.36 322.16 323.96 325.76 327.56 329.35 331.13 332.92 318.73 320.54 322.34 324.14 325.94 327.74 329.53 331.31 333.09 1110 1120 1130 1140 1150 1160 1170 1180 1190 1200 PLATINUM 200, ALPHA = 0.00385 Resistance as a Function of Temperature (°C) Reference Standard: IEC 751 Table 4-5. Resistance in Ohms °C 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °C -200 -190 -180 -170 -160 -150 -140 -130 -120 -110 -100 -90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 36.99 45.61 54.16 62.64 71.06 79.43 87.74 96.00 104.21 112.38 120.51 128.60 136.65 144.67 152.66 160.61 168.54 176.44 184.32 192.17 200.00 207.80 215.59 223.34 231.08 238.79 246.48 254.14 261.79 269.40 277.00 284.57 292.12 37.85 46.46 55.01 63.48 71.90 80.26 88.57 96.82 105.03 113.20 121.32 129.40 137.45 145.47 153.45 161.41 169.33 177.23 185.11 192.96 200.78 208.58 216.36 224.12 231.85 239.56 247.25 254.91 262.55 270.17 277.76 285.33 292.88 38.72 47.32 55.86 64.33 72.74 81.09 89.39 97.64 105.85 114.01 122.13 130.21 138.26 146.27 154.25 162.20 170.13 178.02 185.89 193.74 201.56 209.36 217.14 224.89 232.62 240.33 248.01 255.67 263.31 270.93 278.52 286.08 293.63 39.58 48.18 56.71 65.17 73.58 81.93 90.22 98.47 106.67 114.82 122.94 131.02 139.06 147.07 155.05 163.00 170.92 178.81 186.68 194.52 202.34 210.14 217.92 225.67 233.39 241.10 248.78 256.44 264.07 271.69 279.27 286.84 294.38 40.44 49.03 57.56 66.02 74.42 82.76 91.05 99.29 107.48 115.64 123.75 131.82 139.86 147.87 155.84 163.79 171.71 179.60 187.46 195.31 203.12 210.92 218.69 226.44 234.17 241.87 249.55 257.20 264.84 272.45 280.03 287.59 295.13 41.31 49.89 58.41 66.86 75.25 83.59 91.87 100.11 108.30 116.45 124.56 132.63 140.66 148.67 156.64 164.58 172.50 180.39 188.25 196.09 203.91 211.70 219.47 227.21 234.94 242.64 250.31 257.97 265.60 273.21 280.79 288.35 295.89 42.17 50.74 59.25 67.70 76.09 84.42 92.70 100.93 109.12 117.26 125.37 133.43 141.47 149.47 157.43 165.37 173.29 181.17 189.03 196.87 204.69 212.48 220.24 227.99 235.71 243.41 251.08 258.73 266.36 273.96 281.55 289.10 296.64 43.03 51.60 60.10 68.54 76.92 85.25 93.53 101.75 109.93 118.07 126.17 134.24 142.27 150.26 158.23 166.17 174.08 181.96 189.82 197.65 205.47 213.25 221.02 228.76 236.48 244.17 251.85 259.50 267.12 274.72 282.30 289.86 297.39 43.89 52.45 60.95 69.38 77.76 86.08 94.35 102.57 110.75 118.89 126.98 135.04 143.07 151.06 159.02 166.96 174.87 182.75 190.60 198.44 206.25 214.03 221.79 229.53 237.25 244.94 252.61 260.26 267.88 275.48 283.06 290.61 298.14 44.75 53.30 61.79 70.22 78.59 86.91 95.17 103.39 111.57 119.70 127.79 135.85 143.87 151.86 159.82 167.75 175.66 183.53 191.39 199.22 207.03 214.81 222.57 230.31 238.02 245.71 253.38 261.02 268.64 276.24 283.82 291.37 298.90 45.61 54.16 62.64 71.06 79.43 87.74 96.00 104.21 112.38 120.51 128.60 136.65 144.67 152.66 160.61 168.54 176.44 184.32 192.17 200.00 207.80 215.59 223.34 231.08 238.79 246.48 254.14 261.79 269.40 277.00 284.57 292.12 299.65 -200 -190 -180 -170 -160 -150 -140 -130 -120 -110 -100 -90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 4-12 Rosemount Inc. Table 4-5. Resistance in Ohms °C 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °C 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300 310 320 330 340 350 360 370 380 390 400 410 420 430 440 450 460 470 480 490 500 510 520 530 540 550 560 570 580 590 600 610 620 630 640 299.65 307.15 314.63 322.09 329.52 336.93 344.32 351.68 359.02 366.34 373.63 380.90 388.15 395.37 402.57 409.75 416.91 424.04 431.15 438.23 445.29 452.33 459.35 466.34 473.31 480.25 487.18 494.08 500.95 507.80 514.63 521.44 528.22 534.98 541.72 548.43 555.12 561.79 568.44 575.06 581.65 588.23 594.78 601.31 607.81 614.29 620.75 627.19 633.60 639.99 646.35 652.70 300.40 307.90 315.38 322.83 330.26 337.67 345.05 352.41 359.75 367.07 374.36 381.63 388.87 396.09 403.29 410.47 417.62 424.75 431.86 438.94 446.00 453.03 460.05 467.04 474.00 480.95 487.87 494.76 501.64 508.49 515.32 522.12 528.90 535.66 542.39 549.10 555.79 562.46 569.10 575.72 582.31 588.89 595.43 601.96 608.46 614.94 621.40 627.83 634.24 640.63 646.99 653.33 301.15 308.65 316.12 323.57 331.00 338.41 345.79 353.15 360.48 367.80 375.09 382.35 389.60 396.81 404.01 411.18 418.33 425.46 432.56 439.65 446.70 453.74 460.75 467.73 474.70 481.64 488.56 495.45 502.32 509.17 516.00 522.80 529.58 536.33 543.07 549.77 556.46 563.12 569.76 576.38 582.97 589.54 596.09 602.61 609.11 615.59 622.04 628.47 634.88 641.26 647.62 653.96 301.90 309.40 316.87 324.32 331.74 339.15 346.53 353.88 361.22 368.53 375.81 383.08 390.32 397.54 404.73 411.90 419.05 426.17 433.27 440.35 447.41 454.44 461.45 468.43 475.39 482.33 489.25 496.14 503.01 509.86 516.68 523.48 530.25 537.01 543.74 550.44 557.13 563.79 570.42 577.04 583.63 590.20 596.74 603.26 609.76 616.23 622.69 629.11 635.52 641.90 648.26 654.59 302.65 310.14 317.62 325.06 332.49 339.89 347.26 354.62 361.95 369.26 376.54 383.80 391.04 398.26 405.45 412.62 419.76 426.88 433.98 441.06 448.11 455.14 462.15 469.13 476.09 483.03 489.94 496.83 503.70 510.54 517.36 524.16 530.93 537.68 544.41 551.11 557.79 564.45 571.09 577.70 584.29 590.85 597.39 603.91 610.41 616.88 623.33 629.76 636.16 642.54 648.89 655.23 303.40 310.89 318.36 325.81 333.23 340.63 348.00 355.35 362.68 369.99 377.27 384.53 391.76 398.98 406.17 413.33 420.47 427.59 434.69 441.76 448.81 455.84 462.85 469.83 476.78 483.72 490.63 497.52 504.38 511.22 518.04 524.83 531.61 538.36 545.08 551.78 558.46 565.12 571.75 578.36 584.94 591.51 598.05 604.56 611.06 617.53 623.97 630.40 636.80 643.17 649.53 655.86 304.15 311.64 319.11 326.55 333.97 341.36 348.74 356.09 363.41 370.72 378.00 385.25 392.49 399.70 406.88 414.05 421.19 428.31 435.40 442.47 449.52 456.54 463.54 470.52 477.48 484.41 491.32 498.20 505.07 511.90 518.72 525.51 532.28 539.03 545.75 552.45 559.13 565.78 572.41 579.02 585.60 592.16 598.70 605.21 611.70 618.17 624.62 631.04 637.44 643.81 650.16 656.49 304.90 312.39 319.85 327.29 334.71 342.10 349.47 356.82 364.14 371.44 378.72 385.98 393.21 400.42 407.60 414.76 421.90 429.02 436.11 443.18 450.22 457.24 464.24 471.22 478.17 485.10 492.01 498.89 505.75 512.59 519.40 526.19 532.96 539.70 546.42 553.12 559.79 566.45 573.07 579.68 586.26 592.82 599.35 605.86 612.35 618.82 625.26 631.68 638.07 644.45 650.80 657.12 305.65 313.14 320.60 328.03 335.45 342.84 350.21 357.55 364.87 372.17 379.45 386.70 393.93 401.14 408.32 415.48 422.61 429.73 436.82 443.88 450.93 457.95 464.94 471.92 478.87 485.79 492.70 499.58 506.44 513.27 520.08 526.87 533.63 540.38 547.09 553.79 560.46 567.11 573.73 580.34 586.92 593.47 600.00 606.51 613.00 619.46 625.90 632.32 638.71 645.08 651.43 657.75 306.40 313.88 321.34 328.78 336.19 343.58 350.94 358.29 365.61 372.90 380.18 387.42 394.65 401.85 409.03 416.19 423.33 430.44 437.52 444.59 451.63 458.65 465.64 472.61 479.56 486.48 493.39 500.26 507.12 513.95 520.76 527.55 534.31 541.05 547.76 554.46 561.13 567.77 574.40 581.00 587.57 594.13 600.66 607.16 613.65 620.11 626.55 632.96 639.35 645.72 652.06 658.38 307.15 314.63 322.09 329.52 336.93 344.32 351.68 359.02 366.34 373.63 380.90 388.15 395.37 402.57 409.75 416.91 424.04 431.15 438.23 445.29 452.33 459.35 466.34 473.31 480.25 487.18 494.08 500.95 507.80 514.63 521.44 528.22 534.98 541.72 548.43 555.12 561.79 568.44 575.06 581.65 588.23 594.78 601.31 607.81 614.29 620.75 627.19 633.60 639.99 646.35 652.70 659.02 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300 310 320 330 340 350 360 370 380 390 400 410 420 430 440 450 460 470 480 490 500 510 520 530 540 550 560 570 580 590 600 610 620 630 640 4-13 Common Reference Information, Conversions, and Tables Table 4-5. Resistance in Ohms °C 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °C 650 660 670 680 690 700 710 720 730 740 750 760 770 780 790 800 810 820 830 840 659.02 665.31 671.58 677.83 684.06 690.26 696.44 702.60 708.73 714.84 720.93 726.99 733.04 739.05 745.05 751.02 756.97 762.89 768.79 774.67 659.65 665.94 672.21 678.46 684.68 690.88 697.06 703.21 709.35 715.45 721.54 727.60 733.64 739.65 745.64 751.61 757.56 763.48 769.38 775.67 660.28 666.57 672.84 679.08 685.30 691.50 697.68 703.83 709.96 716.06 722.15 728.20 734.24 740.25 746.24 752.21 758.15 764.07 769.97 775.26 660.91 667.20 673.46 679.70 685.92 692.12 698.29 704.44 710.57 716.67 722.75 728.81 734.84 740.85 746.84 752.80 758.75 764.66 770.56 775.84 661.54 667.82 674.09 680.33 686.54 692.74 698.91 705.06 711.18 717.28 723.36 729.41 735.44 741.45 747.44 753.40 759.34 765.25 771.15 776.43 662.17 668.45 674.71 680.95 687.16 693.36 699.52 705.67 711.79 717.89 723.97 730.02 736.05 742.05 748.04 753.59 759.93 765.84 771.73 777.01 662.80 669.08 675.34 681.57 687.78 693.97 700.14 706.28 712.40 718.50 724.57 730.62 736.65 742.65 748.63 754.59 760.52 766.43 772.32 777.60 663.43 669.71 675.96 682.19 688.40 694.59 700.76 706.90 713.01 719.11 725.18 731.23 737.25 743.25 749.23 755.18 761.12 767.02 772.91 778.19 664.05 670.33 676.59 682.82 689.02 695.21 701.37 707.51 713.62 719.72 725.78 731.83 737.85 743.85 749.83 755.78 761.71 767.61 773.50 778.77 664.68 670.96 677.21 683.44 689.64 695.83 701.99 708.12 714.23 720.32 726.39 732.43 738.45 744.45 750.42 756.37 762.30 768.20 774.08 779.94 665.31 671.58 677.83 684.06 690.26 696.44 702.60 708.73 714.84 720.93 726.99 733.04 739.05 745.05 751.02 756.97 762.89 768.79 774.67 780.52 650 660 670 680 690 700 710 720 730 740 750 760 770 780 790 800 810 820 830 840 PLATINUM 200, ALPHA = 0.00385 Resistance as a Function of Temperature (°F) Reference Standard: IEC 751 Table 4-6. Resistance in Ohms °F 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °F -330 -320 -310 -300 -290 -280 -270 -260 -250 -240 -230 -220 -210 -200 -190 -180 -170 -160 -150 -140 -130 -120 -110 36.02 40.83 45.61 50.36 55.10 59.82 64.52 69.20 73.86 78.50 83.13 87.74 92.33 96.91 101.48 106.03 110.57 115.09 119.61 124.11 128.60 133.08 137.54 36.51 41.31 46.08 50.84 55.57 60.29 64.99 69.66 74.32 78.96 83.59 88.20 92.79 97.37 101.93 106.49 111.02 115.55 120.06 124.56 129.05 133.52 137.99 36.99 41.78 46.56 51.31 56.05 60.76 65.45 70.13 74.79 79.43 84.05 88.66 93.25 97.83 102.39 106.94 111.48 116.00 120.51 125.01 129.49 133.97 138.44 37.47 42.26 47.04 51.79 56.52 61.23 65.92 70.60 75.25 79.89 84.51 89.12 93.71 98.28 102.85 107.39 111.93 116.45 120.96 125.46 129.94 134.42 138.88 37.95 42.74 47.51 52.26 56.99 61.70 66.39 71.06 75.72 80.35 84.97 89.58 94.17 98.74 103.30 107.85 112.38 116.90 121.41 125.91 130.39 134.86 139.33 38.43 43.22 47.99 52.74 57.46 62.17 66.86 71.53 76.18 80.82 85.43 90.04 94.63 99.20 103.76 108.30 112.83 117.35 121.86 126.35 130.84 135.31 139.77 38.91 43.70 48.46 53.21 57.93 62.64 67.33 71.99 76.65 81.28 85.90 90.50 95.08 99.65 104.21 108.76 113.29 117.80 122.31 126.80 131.29 135.76 140.22 39.39 44.17 48.94 53.68 58.41 63.11 67.79 72.46 77.11 81.74 86.36 90.96 95.54 100.11 104.67 109.21 113.74 118.25 122.76 127.25 131.73 136.20 140.66 39.87 44.65 49.41 54.16 58.88 63.58 68.26 72.93 77.57 82.20 86.82 91.42 96.00 100.57 105.12 109.66 114.19 118.71 123.21 127.70 132.18 136.65 141.11 40.35 45.13 49.89 54.63 59.35 64.05 68.73 73.39 78.04 82.67 87.28 91.87 96.46 101.02 105.58 110.12 114.64 119.16 123.66 128.15 132.63 137.10 141.55 40.83 45.61 50.36 55.10 59.82 64.52 69.20 73.86 78.50 83.13 87.74 92.33 96.91 101.48 106.03 110.57 115.09 119.61 124.11 128.60 133.08 137.54 142.00 -330 -320 -310 -300 -290 -280 -270 -260 -250 -240 -230 -220 -210 -200 -190 -180 -170 -160 -150 -140 -130 -120 -110 4-14 Rosemount Inc. Table 4-6. Resistance in Ohms °F 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °F -100 -90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300 310 320 330 340 350 360 370 380 390 400 410 142.00 146.45 150.88 155.31 159.73 164.14 168.54 172.94 177.32 181.70 186.07 190.43 194.78 199.13 203.47 207.80 212.13 216.45 220.76 225.06 229.36 233.65 237.93 242.21 246.48 250.74 254.99 259.24 263.48 267.71 271.94 276.16 280.37 284.57 288.77 292.96 297.14 301.32 305.48 309.65 313.80 317.95 322.09 326.22 330.34 334.46 338.57 342.68 346.77 350.86 354.94 359.02 142.45 146.89 151.33 155.75 160.17 164.58 168.98 173.37 177.76 182.14 186.50 190.87 195.22 199.57 203.91 208.24 212.56 216.88 221.19 225.49 229.79 234.08 238.36 242.64 246.90 251.17 255.42 259.67 263.90 268.14 272.36 276.58 280.79 284.99 289.19 293.38 297.56 301.73 305.90 310.06 314.21 318.36 322.50 326.63 330.76 334.87 338.98 343.09 347.18 351.27 355.35 359.43 142.89 147.34 151.77 156.20 160.61 165.02 169.42 173.81 178.20 182.57 186.94 191.30 195.65 200.00 204.34 208.67 212.99 217.31 221.62 225.92 230.22 234.51 238.79 243.06 247.33 251.59 255.84 260.09 264.33 268.56 272.78 277.00 281.21 285.41 289.61 293.80 297.98 302.15 306.32 310.48 314.63 318.77 322.91 327.04 331.17 335.28 339.39 343.50 347.59 351.68 355.76 359.83 143.34 147.78 152.21 156.64 161.05 165.46 169.86 174.25 178.63 183.01 187.38 191.74 196.09 200.43 204.77 209.10 213.43 217.74 222.05 226.35 230.65 234.94 239.22 243.49 247.76 252.02 256.27 260.51 264.75 268.98 273.21 277.42 281.63 285.83 290.03 294.21 298.39 302.57 306.73 310.89 315.04 319.19 323.33 327.46 331.58 335.70 339.80 343.91 348.00 352.09 356.17 360.24 143.78 148.22 152.66 157.08 161.50 165.90 170.30 174.69 179.07 183.45 187.81 192.17 196.52 200.87 205.21 209.54 213.86 218.17 222.48 226.78 231.08 235.37 239.65 243.92 248.18 252.44 256.69 260.94 265.17 269.40 273.63 277.84 282.05 286.25 290.45 294.63 298.81 302.98 307.15 311.31 315.46 319.60 323.74 327.87 331.99 336.11 340.21 344.32 348.41 352.50 356.58 360.65 144.22 148.67 153.10 157.52 161.94 166.34 170.74 175.13 179.51 183.88 188.25 192.61 196.96 201.30 205.64 209.97 214.29 218.61 222.91 227.21 231.51 235.79 240.07 244.35 248.61 252.87 257.12 261.36 265.60 269.83 274.05 278.26 282.47 286.67 290.86 295.05 299.23 303.40 307.57 311.72 315.87 320.02 324.15 328.28 332.40 336.52 340.63 344.73 348.82 352.90 356.98 361.05 144.67 149.11 153.54 157.96 162.38 166.78 171.18 175.57 179.95 184.32 188.69 193.04 197.39 201.74 206.07 210.40 214.72 219.04 223.34 227.64 231.94 236.22 240.50 244.77 249.04 253.29 257.54 261.79 266.02 270.25 274.47 278.68 282.89 287.09 291.28 295.47 299.65 303.82 307.98 312.14 316.29 320.43 324.57 328.69 332.82 336.93 341.04 345.14 349.23 353.31 357.39 361.46 145.11 149.55 153.98 158.41 162.82 167.22 171.62 176.01 180.39 184.76 189.12 193.48 197.83 202.17 206.51 210.83 215.15 219.47 223.77 228.07 232.37 236.65 240.93 245.20 249.46 253.72 257.97 262.21 266.44 270.67 274.89 279.11 283.31 287.51 291.70 295.89 300.06 304.24 308.40 312.55 316.70 320.84 324.98 329.11 333.23 337.34 341.45 345.54 349.64 353.72 357.80 361.87 145.56 150.00 154.45 158.85 163.26 167.66 172.06 176.44 180.82 185.19 189.56 193.91 198.26 202.60 206.94 211.27 215.59 219.90 224.20 228.50 232.79 237.08 241.36 245.63 249.89 254.14 258.39 262.63 266.87 271.09 275.31 279.53 283.73 287.93 292.12 296.31 300.48 304.65 308.81 312.97 317.12 321.26 325.39 329.52 333.64 337.75 341.86 345.95 350.04 354.13 358.21 362.27 146.00 150.44 154.87 159.29 163.70 168.10 172.50 176.88 181.26 185.63 189.99 194.35 198.70 203.04 207.37 211.70 216.02 220.33 224.63 228.93 233.22 237.51 241.78 246.05 250.31 254.57 258.82 263.06 267.29 271.52 275.74 279.95 284.15 288.35 292.54 296.72 300.90 305.07 309.23 313.38 317.53 321.67 325.81 329.93 334.05 338.16 342.27 346.36 350.45 354.54 358.61 362.68 146.45 150.88 155.31 159.73 164.14 168.54 172.94 177.32 181.70 186.07 190.43 194.78 199.13 203.47 207.80 212.13 216.45 220.76 225.06 229.36 233.65 237.93 242.21 246.48 250.74 254.99 259.24 263.48 267.71 271.94 276.16 280.37 284.57 288.77 292.96 297.14 301.32 305.48 309.65 313.80 317.95 322.09 326.22 330.34 334.46 338.57 342.68 346.77 350.86 354.94 359.02 363.09 -100 -90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300 310 320 330 340 350 360 370 380 390 400 410 4-15 Common Reference Information, Conversions, and Tables Table 4-6. Resistance in Ohms °F 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °F 420 430 440 450 460 470 480 490 500 510 520 530 540 550 560 570 580 590 600 610 620 630 640 650 660 670 680 690 700 710 720 730 740 750 760 770 780 790 800 810 820 830 840 850 860 870 880 890 900 910 920 930 363.09 367.15 371.20 375.25 379.29 383.32 387.34 391.36 395.37 399.38 403.37 407.36 411.34 415.32 419.29 423.25 427.20 431.15 435.08 439.02 442.94 446.86 450.77 454.67 458.57 462.46 466.34 470.21 474.08 477.94 481.79 485.64 489.48 493.31 497.13 500.95 504.76 508.56 512.36 516.15 519.93 523.70 527.47 531.23 534.98 538.73 542.47 546.20 549.92 553.64 557.35 561.05 363.49 367.55 371.61 375.65 379.69 383.72 387.75 391.76 395.77 399.78 403.77 407.76 411.74 415.72 419.68 423.64 427.59 431.54 435.48 439.41 443.33 447.25 451.16 455.06 458.96 462.85 466.73 470.60 474.47 478.33 482.18 486.02 489.86 493.69 497.52 501.33 505.14 508.94 512.74 516.53 520.31 524.08 527.85 531.61 535.36 539.10 542.84 546.57 550.30 554.01 557.72 561.42 363.90 367.96 372.01 376.06 380.09 384.13 388.15 392.16 396.17 400.18 404.17 408.16 412.14 416.11 420.08 424.04 427.99 431.93 435.87 439.80 443.73 447.64 451.55 455.45 459.35 463.23 467.11 470.99 474.85 478.71 482.56 486.41 490.25 494.08 497.90 501.71 505.52 509.32 513.12 516.91 520.69 524.46 528.22 531.98 535.73 539.48 543.21 546.94 550.67 554.38 558.09 561.79 364.31 368.36 372.42 376.46 380.50 384.53 388.55 392.57 396.57 400.58 404.57 408.56 412.54 416.51 420.47 424.43 428.38 432.33 436.27 440.19 444.12 448.03 451.94 455.84 459.74 463.62 467.50 471.37 485.24 479.10 482.95 486.79 490.63 494.46 498.28 502.10 505.90 509.70 513.50 517.28 521.06 524.83 528.60 532.36 536.11 539.85 543.59 547.32 551.04 554.75 558.46 562.16 364.71 368.77 372.82 376.86 380.90 384.93 388.95 392.97 396.97 400.98 404.97 408.96 412.93 416.91 420.87 424.83 428.78 432.72 436.66 440.59 444351 448.42 452.33 456.23 460.12 464.01 467.89 417.76 475.63 479.48 483.33 487.18 491.01 494.84 498.66 502.48 506.28 510.08 513.88 517.66 521.44 525.21 528.98 532.73 536.48 540.23 543.96 547.69 551.41 555.12 558.83 562.53 365.12 369.18 373.23 377.27 381.30 385.33 389.35 393.37 397.38 401.38 405.37 409.35 413.33 417.30 421.27 425.22 429.17 433.12 437.05 440.98 444.90 448.81 456.72 456.62 460.51 464.40 468.28 472.15 476.01 479.87 483.72 487.56 491.39 495.22 499.04 502.86 506.66 510.46 514.26 518.04 521.82 525.59 529.35 533.11 536.86 540.60 544.33 548.06 551.78 555.50 559.20 562.90 365.52 369.58 373.63 377.67 381.71 385.74 389.76 393.77 397.78 401.77 405.77 409.75 413.73 417.70 421.66 425.62 429.57 433.51 437.44 441.37 445.29 449.21 453.11 457.01 460.90 464.79 468.66 472.53 476.40 480.25 484.10 487.94 491.78 495.61 499.43 503.24 507.04 510.84 514.63 518.42 522.20 525.97 529.73 533.48 537.23 540.97 544.71 548.43 552.15 555.87 559.57 563.27 365.93 369.99 374.03 378.08 382.11 386.14 390.16 394.17 398.18 402.17 406.17 410.15 414.13 418.10 422.06 426.01 429.96 433.90 437.84 441.76 445.68 449.60 453.50 457.40 461.29 465.17 469.05 472.92 476.78 480.64 484.49 488.33 492.16 495.99 499.81 503.62 507.42 511.22 515.01 518.80 522.57 526.34 530.10 533.86 537.61 541.35 545.08 548.81 552.53 556.24 559.94 563.64 366.34 370.39 374.44 378.48 382.51 386.54 390.56 394.57 398.58 402.57 406.56 410.55 414.52 418.49 422.45 426.41 430.36 434.30 438.23 442.16 446.08 449.99 453.89 457.79 461.68 465.56 469.44 473.31 477.17 481.02 484.87 488.71 492.54 496.37 500.19 504.00 507.80 511.60 515.39 519.17 522.95 526.72 530.48 534.23 537.98 541.72 545.45 549.18 552.90 556.61 560.31 564.01 366.74 370.80 374.84 378.88 382.92 386.94 390.96 394.97 398.98 402.97 406.96 410.95 414.92 418.89 422.85 426.80 430.75 434.69 438.62 442.55 446.47 450.38 454.28 458.18 462.07 465.95 469.83 473.69 477.56 481.41 485.26 489.09 492.93 496.75 500.57 504.38 508.18 511.98 515.77 519.55 523.33 527.09 530.86 534.61 538.36 542.09 545.83 549.55 553.27 556.98 560.68 564.38 367.15 371.20 375.25 379.29 383.32 387.34 391.36 395.37 399.38 403.37 407.36 411.34 415.32 419.29 423.25 427.20 431.15 435.08 439.02 442.94 446.86 450.77 454.67 458.57 462.46 466.34 470.21 474.08 477.94 481.79 485.64 489.48 493.31 497.13 500.95 504.76 508.56 512.36 516.15 519.93 523.70 527.47 531.23 534.98 538.73 542.47 546.20 549.92 553.64 557.35 561.05 564.75 420 430 440 450 460 470 480 490 500 510 520 530 540 550 560 570 580 590 600 610 620 630 640 650 660 670 680 690 700 710 720 730 740 750 760 770 780 790 800 810 820 830 840 850 860 870 880 890 900 910 920 930 4-16 Rosemount Inc. Table 4-6. Resistance in Ohms °F 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °F 940 950 960 970 980 990 1000 1010 1020 1030 1040 1050 1060 1070 1080 1090 1100 1110 1120 1130 1140 1150 1160 1170 1180 1190 1200 1210 1220 1230 1240 1250 1260 1270 1280 1290 1300 1310 1320 1330 1340 1350 1360 1370 1380 1390 1400 1410 1420 1430 1440 1450 564.75 568.44 572.12 575.79 579.46 583.12 586.77 590.42 594.05 597.68 601.31 604.92 608.53 612.14 615.73 619.32 622.90 626.47 630.04 633.60 637.15 640.70 644.24 647.77 651.29 654.81 658.31 661.82 665.31 668.80 672.28 675.75 679.22 682.68 686.13 689.58 693.01 696.44 699.87 703.28 706.69 710.09 713.49 716.88 720.26 723.63 726.99 730.35 733.70 737.05 740.39 743.72 565.12 568.80 572.48 576.16 579.82 583.48 587.13 590.78 594.42 598.05 601.67 605.29 608.89 612.50 616.09 619.68 623.26 626.83 630.40 633.96 637.51 641.05 644.59 648.12 651.64 655.16 658.67 662.17 665.66 669.15 672.63 676.10 679.57 683.02 686.48 689.92 693.36 696.79 700.21 703.62 707.03 710.43 713.83 717.21 720.59 723.97 727.33 730.69 734.04 737.38 740.72 744.05 565.49 569.17 572.85 576.53 580.19 583.85 587.50 591.14 594.78 598.41 602.03 605.65 609.26 612.86 616.45 620.04 623.62 627.19 630.75 634.31 637.86 641.41 644.94 648.47 651.99 655.51 659.02 662.52 666.01 669.50 672.98 676.45 679.91 683.37 686.82 690.26 693.70 697.13 700.55 703.96 707.37 710.77 714.17 717.55 720.93 724.30 727.67 731.02 734.37 737.72 741.05 744.38 565.86 569.54 573.22 576.89 580.56 584.21 587.86 591.51 595.14 598.77 602.39 606.01 609.62 613.22 616.81 620.39 623.97 627.54 631.11 634.67 638.22 641.76 645.30 648.82 652.34 655.86 659.37 662.87 666.36 669.84 673.32 676.79 680.26 683.71 687.16 690.61 694.04 697.47 700.89 704.31 707.71 711.11 714.50 717.89 721.27 724.64 728.00 731.36 734.71 738.05 741.39 744.71 566.22 569.91 573.59 577.26 580.92 584.58 588.23 591.87 595.51 599.13 602.76 606.37 609.98 613.58 617.17 620.75 624.33 627.90 631.47 635.02 638.57 642.11 645.65 649.18 652.70 656.21 659.72 663.22 666.71 670.19 673.67 677.14 680.60 684.06 687.51 690.95 694.39 697.81 701.23 704.65 708.05 711.45 714.84 718.23 721.61 724.98 728.34 731.69 735.04 738.39 741.72 745.05 566.59 570.28 573.96 577.63 581.29 584.94 588.59 592.24 595.87 599.50 603.12 606.73 610.34 613.94 617.53 621.11 624.69 628.26 631.82 635.38 638.93 642.47 646.00 649.53 653.05 656.56 660.07 663.57 667.06 670.54 674.02 677.49 680.95 684.41 687.85 691.29 694.73 698.16 701.58 704.99 708.39 711.79 715.18 718.57 721.94 725.31 728.67 732.03 735.38 738.72 742.05 745.38 566.96 570.65 574.32 577.99 581.65 585.31 588.96 592.60 596.23 599.86 603.48 607.09 610.70 614.29 617.89 621.47 625.05 628.61 632.18 635.73 639.28 642.82 646.35 649.88 653.40 656.91 660.42 663.91 667.41 670.89 674.36 677.83 681.30 684.75 688.20 691.64 695.07 698.50 701.92 705.33 708.73 712.13 715.52 718.90 722.28 725.65 729.01 732.37 735.71 739.05 742.39 745.71 567.33 571.01 574.69 578.36 582.02 585.67 589.32 592.96 596.60 600.22 603.84 607.45 611.06 614.65 618.24 621.83 625.40 628.97 632.53 636.09 639.63 643.17 646.71 650.23 653.75 657.26 660.77 664.26 667.75 671.24 674.71 678.18 681.64 685.10 688.54 691.98 695.41 698.84 702.26 705.67 709.07 712.47 715.86 719.24 722.62 725.99 729.35 732.70 736.05 739.39 742.72 746.04 567.70 571.38 575.06 578.73 582.39 586.04 589.69 593.33 596.96 600.58 604.20 607.81 611.42 615.01 618.60 622.18 625.76 629.33 632.89 636.44 639.99 643.53 647.06 650.59 654.10 657.61 661.12 664.61 668.10 671.58 675.06 678.53 681.99 685.44 688.89 692.33 695.76 699.18 702.60 706.01 709.41 712.81 716.20 719.58 722.95 726.32 729.68 733.04 736.38 739.72 743.05 746.38 568.07 571.75 575.42 579.09 582.75 586.41 590.05 593.69 597.32 600.95 604.56 608.17 611.78 615.37 618.96 622.54 626.12 629.68 633.24 636.80 640.34 643.88 647.41 650.94 654.45 657.96 661.47 664.96 668.45 671.93 675.41 678.87 682.33 685.79 689.23 692.67 696.10 699.52 702.94 706.35 709.75 713.15 716.54 719.92 723.29 726.66 730.02 733.37 736.72 740.05 743.38 746.71 568.44 572.12 575.79 579.46 583.12 586.77 590.42 594.05 597.68 601.31 604.92 608.53 612.14 615.73 619.32 622.90 626.47 630.04 633.60 637.15 640.70 644.24 647.77 651.29 654.81 658.31 661.82 665.31 668.80 672.28 675.75 679.22 682.68 686.13 689.58 693.01 696.44 699.87 703.28 706.69 710.09 713.49 716.88 720.26 723.63 726.99 730.35 733.70 737.05 740.39 743.72 747.04 940 950 960 970 980 990 1000 1010 1020 1030 1040 1050 1060 1070 1080 1090 1100 1110 1120 1130 1140 1150 1160 1170 1180 1190 1200 1210 1220 1230 1240 1250 1260 1270 1280 1290 1300 1310 1320 1330 1340 1350 1360 1370 1380 1390 1400 1410 1420 1430 1440 1450 4-17 Common Reference Information, Conversions, and Tables Table 4-6. Resistance in Ohms °F 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °F 1460 1470 1480 1490 1500 1510 1520 1530 1540 1550 1560 747.04 750.36 753.66 756.97 760.26 763.55 766.83 770.10 773.37 776.62 779.88 747.37 750.69 753.99 757.30 760.59 763.88 767.15 770.43 773.69 776.95 780.20 747.70 751.02 754.32 757.62 760.92 764.20 767.48 770.75 774.02 777.27 780.52 748.04 751.35 754.66 757.95 761.25 764.53 767.81 771.08 774.34 777.60 748.37 751.68 754.99 758.28 761.58 764.86 768.14 771.41 774.67 777.93 748.70 752.01 755.32 758.61 761.90 765.19 768.46 771.73 775.00 778.25 749.03 752.34 755.65 758.94 762.23 765.52 768.79 772.06 775.32 778.58 749.36 752.67 755.98 759.27 762.56 765.84 769.12 772.39 775.65 778.90 749.69 753.00 756.31 759.60 762.89 766.17 769.45 772.71 775.97 779.23 750.02 753.33 756.64 759.93 763.22 766.50 769.77 773.04 776.30 779.55 750.36 753.66 756.97 760.26 763.55 766.83 770.10 773.37 776.62 779.88 1460 1470 1480 1490 1500 1501 1520 1530 1540 1550 1560 PLATINUM 500, ALPHA = 0.00385 Resistance as a Function of Temperature (°C) Reference Standard: IEC 751 Table 4-7. Resistance in Ohms °C 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °C -200 -190 -180 -170 -160 -150 -140 -130 -120 -110 -100 -90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 92.47 114.02 135.39 156.60 177.66 198.57 219.35 240.00 260.53 280.95 301.27 321.49 341.63 361.67 381.64 401.53 421.36 441.11 460.80 480.43 500.00 519.51 538.96 558.36 577.70 596.98 616.20 635.36 654.46 673.51 692.50 711.43 94.63 116.16 137.52 158.71 179.75 200.65 221.42 242.05 262.58 282.99 303.30 323.51 343.63 363.67 383.63 403.52 423.33 443.08 462.77 482.39 501.95 521.46 540.91 560.30 579.63 598.90 618.12 637.27 656.37 675.41 694.40 713.32 96.79 118.30 139.64 160.82 181.85 202.73 223.49 244.11 264.62 285.02 305.32 325.53 345.64 365.67 385.63 405.50 425.31 445.05 464.73 484.35 503.91 523.41 542.85 562.23 581.56 600.82 620.03 639.18 658.28 677.31 696.29 715.21 98.95 120.45 141.77 162.93 183.94 204.82 225.55 246.17 266.67 287.06 307.35 327.54 347.65 367.67 387.62 407.49 427.29 447.02 466.70 486.31 505.86 525.35 544.79 564.17 583.49 602.75 621.95 641.10 660.18 679.21 698.19 717.10 101.11 122.59 143.89 165.04 186.04 206.89 227.62 248.22 268.71 289.09 309.37 329.56 349.65 369.67 389.61 409.47 429.27 448.99 468.66 488.27 507.81 527.30 546.73 566.10 585.41 604.67 623.87 643.01 662.09 681.11 700.08 718.99 103.26 124.72 146.01 167.15 188.13 208.97 229.69 250.28 270.75 291.12 311.39 331.57 351.66 371.67 391.60 411.45 431.24 450.96 470.62 490.22 509.76 529.24 548.67 568.03 587.34 606.59 625.78 644.92 663.99 683.01 701.97 720.87 105.42 126.86 148.13 169.25 190.22 211.05 231.75 252.33 272.80 293.15 313.42 333.58 353.66 373.66 393.59 413.44 433.22 452.93 472.59 492.18 511.71 531.19 550.61 569.97 589.27 608.51 627.70 646.83 665.90 684.91 703.87 722.76 107.57 129.00 150.25 171.35 192.31 213.13 233.81 254.38 274.84 295.19 315.44 335.60 355.67 375.66 395.57 415.42 435.19 454.90 474.55 494.14 513.66 533.13 552.55 571.90 591.20 610.44 629.62 648.74 667.80 686.81 705.76 724.65 109.72 131.13 152.37 173.46 194.40 215.20 235.88 256.43 276.88 297.21 317.46 337.61 357.67 377.65 397.56 417.40 437.17 456.87 476.51 496.09 515.61 535.08 554.48 573.83 593.12 612.36 631.53 650.65 669.71 688.71 707.65 726.53 111.87 133.26 154.49 175.56 196.48 217.27 237.94 258.48 278.91 299.24 319.48 339.62 359.67 379.65 399.55 419.38 439.14 458.84 478.47 498.05 517.56 537.02 556.42 575.77 595.05 614.28 633.45 652.56 671.61 690.60 709.54 728.42 114.02 135.39 156.60 177.66 198.57 219.35 240.00 260.53 280.95 301.27 321.49 341.63 361.67 381.64 401.53 421.36 441.11 460.80 480.43 500.00 519.51 538.96 558.36 577.70 596.98 616.20 635.36 654.46 673.51 692.50 711.43 730.30 -200 -190 -180 -170 -160 -150 -140 -130 -120 -110 -100 -90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 4-18 Rosemount Inc. Table 4-7. Resistance in Ohms °C 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °C 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300 310 320 330 340 350 360 370 380 390 400 410 420 430 440 450 460 470 480 490 500 510 520 530 540 550 560 570 580 590 600 610 620 630 730.30 749.12 767.88 786.57 805.22 823.80 842.32 860.79 879.20 897.55 915.84 934.08 952.25 970.37 988.43 1006.43 1024.38 1042.27 1060.09 1077.86 1095.58 1113.23 1130.83 1148.37 1165.85 1183.27 1200.63 1217.94 1235.19 1252.38 1269.51 1286.58 1303.60 1320.56 1337.46 1354.30 1371.09 1387.81 1404.48 1421.09 1437.64 1454.14 1470.57 1486.95 1503.27 1519.53 1535.74 1551.88 1567.97 1584.00 1599.97 1615.89 732.19 751.00 769.75 788.44 807.08 825.65 844.17 862.63 881.04 899.38 917.67 935.90 954.07 972.18 990.23 1008.23 1026.17 1044.05 1061.87 1079.64 1097.35 1114.99 1132.58 1150.12 1167.59 1185.01 1202.37 1219.67 1236.91 1254.09 1271.22 1288.29 1305.30 1322.25 1339.15 1355.98 1372.76 1389.48 1406.14 1422.75 1439.29 1455.78 1472.21 1488.59 1504.90 1521.16 1537.35 1553.49 1569.58 1585.60 1601.57 1617.47 734.07 752.87 771.62 790.31 808.94 827.51 846.02 864.48 882.87 901.21 919.49 937.72 955.88 973.99 992.04 1010.03 1027.96 1045.84 1063.65 1081.41 1099.11 1116.76 1134.34 1151.87 1169.34 1186.75 1204.10 1221.39 1238.63 1255.81 1272.93 1289.99 1307.00 1323.94 1340.83 1357.66 1374.44 1391.15 1407.81 1424.41 1440.95 1457.43 1473.85 1490.22 1506.53 1522.78 1538.97 1555.10 1571.18 1587.20 1603.16 1619.06 735.95 754.75 773.49 792.17 810.80 829.36 847.87 866.32 884.71 903.04 921.32 939.54 957.69 975.80 993.84 1011.82 1029.75 1047.62 1065.43 1083.18 1100.88 1118.52 1136.10 1153.62 1171.08 1188.48 1205.83 1223.12 1240.35 1257.52 1274.64 1291.70 1308.69 1325.64 1342.52 1359.34 1376.11 1392.82 1409.47 1426.06 1442.60 1459.07 1475.49 1491.85 1508.16 1524.40 1540.59 1556.71 1572.79 1588.80 1604.75 1620.65 737.84 756.63 775.36 794.04 812.66 831.21 849.72 868.16 886.55 904.87 923.14 941.35 959.51 977.60 995.64 1013.62 1031.54 1049.40 1067.21 1084.96 1102.65 1120.28 1137.85 1155.37 1172.82 1190.22 1207.56 1224.85 1242.07 1259.24 1276.35 1293.40 1310.39 1327.33 1344.20 1361.02 1377.78 1394.49 1411.13 1427.72 1444.25 1460.72 1477.13 1493.49 1509.78 1526.02 1542.20 1558.32 1574.39 1590.40 1606.34 1622.24 739.72 758.50 777.23 795.90 814.51 833.07 851.56 870.00 888.38 906.70 924.97 943.17 961.32 979.41 997.44 1015.41 1033.33 1051.19 1068.99 1086.73 1104.41 1122.04 1139.60 1157.11 1174.57 1191.96 1209.29 1226.57 1243.79 1260.95 1278.06 1295.10 1312.09 1329.02 1345.89 1362.70 1379.46 1396.15 1412.79 1429.37 1445.90 1462.36 1478.77 1495.12 1511.41 1527.64 1543.82 1559.93 1575.99 1591.99 1607.94 1623.82 741.60 760.38 779.10 797.77 816.37 834.92 853.41 871.84 890.22 908.53 926.79 944.99 963.13 981.21 999.24 1017.21 1035.12 1052.97 1070.76 1088.50 1106.18 1123.80 1141.36 1158.86 1176.31 1193.69 1211.02 1228.30 1245.51 1262.66 1279.76 1296.80 1313.78 1330.71 1347.57 1364.38 1381.13 1397.82 1414.45 1431.03 1447.55 1464.00 1480.41 1496.75 1513.03 1529.26 1545.43 1561.54 1577.60 1593.59 1609.53 1625.41 743.48 762.25 780.97 799.63 818.23 836.77 855.26 873.68 892.05 910.36 928.61 946.81 964.94 983.02 1001.04 1019.00 1036.91 1054.75 1072.54 1090.27 1107.94 1125.56 1143.11 1160.61 1178.05 1195.43 1212.75 1230.02 1247.23 1264.38 1281.47 1298.50 1315.48 1332.40 1349.26 1366.06 1382.80 1399.49 1416.11 1432.68 1449.19 1465.65 1482.04 1498.38 1514.66 1530.88 1547.04 1563.15 1579.20 1595.19 1611.12 1626.99 745.36 764.13 782.84 801.49 820.09 838.62 857.10 875.52 893.88 912.19 930.43 948.62 966.75 984.82 1002.84 1020.79 1038.69 1056.53 1074.32 1092.04 1109.71 1127.31 1144.86 1162.36 1179.79 1197.17 1214.48 1231.74 1248.94 1266.09 1283.17 1300.20 1317.17 1334.08 1350.94 1367.73 1384.47 1401.15 1417.77 1434.34 1450.84 1467.29 1483.68 1500.01 1516.28 1532.50 1548.66 1564.76 1580.80 1596.78 1612.71 1628.58 747.24 766.00 784.71 803.35 821.94 840.47 858.95 877.36 895.72 914.01 932.26 950.44 968.56 986.63 1004.64 1022.59 1040.48 1058.31 1076.09 1093.81 1111.47 1129.07 1146.62 1164.10 1181.53 1198.90 1216.21 1233.47 1250.66 1267.80 1284.88 1301.90 1318.87 1335.77 1352.62 1369.41 1386.14 1402.82 1419.43 1435.99 1452.49 1468.93 1485.32 1501.64 1517.91 1534.12 1550.27 1566.36 1582.40 1598.38 1614.30 1630.16 749.12 767.88 786.57 805.22 823.80 842.32 860.79 879.20 897.55 915.84 934.08 952.25 970.37 988.43 1006.43 1024.38 1042.27 1060.09 1077.86 1095.58 1113.23 1130.83 1148.37 1165.85 1183.27 1200.63 1217.94 1235.19 1252.38 1269.51 1286.58 1303.60 1320.56 1337.46 1354.30 1371.09 1387.81 1404.48 1421.09 1437.64 1454.14 1470.57 1486.95 1503.27 1519.53 1535.74 1551.88 1567.97 1584.00 1599.97 1615.89 1631.74 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300 310 320 330 340 350 360 370 380 390 400 410 420 430 440 450 460 470 480 490 500 510 520 530 540 550 560 570 580 590 600 610 620 630 4-19 Common Reference Information, Conversions, and Tables Table 4-7. Resistance in Ohms °C 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °C 640 650 660 670 680 690 700 710 720 730 740 750 760 770 780 790 800 810 820 830 840 1631.74 1647.54 1663.28 1678.96 1694.58 1710.15 1725.66 1741.11 1756.50 1771.83 1787.11 1802.33 1817.49 1832.59 1847.63 1862.62 1877.54 1892.41 1907.23 1921.98 1936.67 1633.32 1649.12 1664.85 1680.53 1696.14 1711.70 1727.21 1742.65 1758.04 1773.36 1788.63 1803.85 1819.00 1834.09 1849.13 1864.11 1879.03 1893.90 1908.70 1923.45 1938.14 1634.91 1650.69 1666.42 1682.09 1697.70 1713.26 1728.75 1744.19 1759.57 1774.89 1790.16 1805.36 1820.51 1835.60 1850.63 1865.61 1880.52 1895.38 1910.18 1924.92 1939.61 1636.49 1652.27 1667.99 1683.65 1699.26 1714.81 1730.30 1756.73 1761.11 1776.42 1791.68 1806.99 1822.02 1837.11 1852.13 1867.10 1882.01 1896.86 1911.66 1926.39 1941.07 1638.07 1653.84 1669.56 1685.22 1700.82 1716.36 1731.85 1747.27 1762.64 1777.95 1793.20 1808.40 1823.53 1838.61 1853.63 1868.59 1883.50 1898.35 1913.13 1927.86 1942.54 1639.65 1655.42 1671.13 1686.78 1702.37 1717.91 1733.39 1748.81 1764.17 1779.48 1794.72 1809.91 1825.04 1840.12 1855.13 1870.09 1884.99 1899.83 1914.61 1929.33 1944.00 1641.23 1656.99 1672.70 1688.34 1703.93 1719.46 1734.94 1750.35 1765.71 1781.01 1796.25 1811.43 1826.55 1841.62 1856.63 1871.58 1886.47 1901.31 1916.08 1930.80 1945.46 1642.81 1658.56 1674.26 1689.90 1705.49 1721.01 1736.48 1751.89 1767.24 1782.53 1797.77 1812.94 1828.06 1843.12 1858.13 1873.07 1887.96 1902.79 1917.56 1932.27 1946.93 1644.38 1660.14 1675.83 1691.46 1707.04 1722.56 1738.02 1753.43 1768.77 1784.06 1799.29 1841.46 1829.57 1844.63 1859.62 1874.56 1889.44 1904.27 1919.03 1933.74 1948.39 1645.96 1661.71 1677.40 1693.03 1708.60 1724.11 1739.57 1754.96 1770.30 1785.58 1800.81 1815.97 1831.08 1846.13 1861.12 1876.05 1890.93 1905.75 1920.51 1935.21 1949.85 1647.54 1663.28 1678.96 1694.58 1710.15 1725.66 1741.11 1756.50 1771.83 1787.11 1802.33 1817.49 1832.59 1847.63 1862.62 1877.54 1892.41 1907.23 1921.98 1936.67 1951.31 640 650 660 670 680 690 700 710 720 730 740 750 760 770 780 790 800 810 820 830 840 PLATINUM 500, ALPHA = 0.00385 Resistance as a Function of Temperature (°F) Reference Standard: IEC 751 Table 4-8. Resistance in Ohms °F 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °F -330 -320 -310 -300 -290 -280 -270 -260 -250 -240 -230 -220 -210 -200 -190 -180 -170 -160 -150 -140 -130 -120 90.06 102.07 114.02 125.91 137.75 149.55 161.29 172.99 184.64 196.25 207.82 219.35 230.83 242.28 253.70 265.08 276.42 287.74 299.02 310.27 321.49 332.69 91.26 103.26 115.21 127.10 138.94 150.72 162.46 174.16 185.81 197.41 208.97 220.50 231.98 243.43 254.84 266.21 277.56 288.87 300.14 311.39 322.61 333.81 92.47 104.46 116.40 128.28 140.12 151.90 163.64 175.32 186.97 198.57 210.13 221.65 233.13 244.57 255.98 267.35 278.69 289.99 301.27 312.52 323.73 334.92 93.67 105.66 117.59 129.47 141.30 153.08 164.81 176.49 188.13 199.73 211.28 222.80 234.27 245.71 257.11 268.48 279.82 291.12 302.40 313.64 324.85 336.04 94.87 106.85 118.78 130.65 142.48 154.25 165.98 177.66 189.29 200.88 212.43 223.95 235.42 246.85 258.25 269.62 280.95 292.25 303.52 314.76 325.97 337.16 96.07 108.05 119.97 131.84 143.66 155.43 167.15 178.82 190.45 202.04 213.59 225.09 236.56 247.99 259.39 270.75 282.08 293.38 304.65 315.89 327.09 338.28 97.27 109.24 121.16 133.02 144.84 156.60 167.32 179.99 191.61 203.20 214.74 226.24 237.71 249.14 260.53 271.89 283.21 294.51 305.77 317.01 328.21 339.39 98.47 110.44 122.35 134.21 146.01 157.77 169.49 181.15 192.77 204.35 215.89 227.39 238.85 250.28 261.67 273.02 284.34 295.64 306.90 318.13 329.33 340.51 99.67 111.63 123.54 135.39 147.19 158.95 170.65 182.32 193.93 205.51 217.04 228.54 240.00 251.42 262.80 274.16 285.48 296.76 308.02 319.25 330.45 341.63 100.87 112.82 124.72 136.57 148.37 160.12 171.82 183.48 195.09 206.66 218.19 229.69 241.14 252.56 263.94 275.29 286.61 297.89 309.15 320.37 331.57 342.74 102.07 114.02 125.91 137.75 149.55 161.29 172.99 184.64 196.25 207.82 219.35 230.83 242.28 253.70 265.08 276.42 287.74 299.02 310.27 321.49 332.69 343.86 -330 -320 -310 -300 -290 -280 -270 -260 -250 -240 -230 -220 -210 -200 -190 -180 -170 -160 -150 -140 -130 -120 4-20 Rosemount Inc. Table 4-8. Resistance in Ohms °F 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °F -110 -100 -90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300 310 320 330 340 350 360 370 380 390 400 343.86 355.00 366.12 377.21 388.28 399.33 410.35 421.36 432.34 443.30 454.25 465.17 476.07 486.96 497.83 508.68 519.51 530.33 541.12 551.90 562.66 573.40 584.13 594.84 605.53 616.20 626.85 637.48 648.10 658.70 669.28 679.85 690.39 700.92 711.43 721.92 732.40 742.85 753.29 763.71 774.11 784.50 794.87 805.22 815.55 825.86 836.15 846.43 856.69 866.93 877.16 887.36 344.97 356.11 367.23 378.32 389.39 400.43 411.45 422.46 433.44 444.40 455.34 466.26 477.16 488.05 498.91 509.76 520.59 531.41 542.20 552.98 563.74 574.48 585.20 595.91 606.59 617.26 627.91 638.55 649.16 659.76 670.34 680.90 691.45 701.97 712.48 722.97 733.44 743.90 754.33 764.75 775.15 785.54 795.90 806.25 816.58 826.89 837.18 847.46 857.72 867.96 878.18 888.38 346.09 357.23 368.34 379.43 390.49 401.53 412.55 423.55 434.53 445.49 456.43 467.35 478.25 489.14 500.00 510.85 521.68 532.49 543.28 554.05 564.81 575.55 586.27 596.98 607.66 618.33 628.98 639.61 650.22 660.82 671.40 681.96 692.50 703.02 713.53 724.02 734.49 744.94 755.38 765.79 776.19 786.57 796.94 807.28 817.61 827.92 838.21 848.48 858.74 868.98 879.20 889.40 347.20 358.34 369.45 380.53 391.60 402.64 413.66 424.65 435.63 446.59 457.52 468.44 479.34 490.22 501.09 511.93 522.76 533.57 544.36 555.13 565.89 576.62 587.34 598.04 608.73 619.39 630.04 640.67 651.28 661.88 672.45 683.01 693.55 704.08 714.58 725.07 735.54 745.99 756.42 766.83 777.23 787.61 797.97 808.32 818.64 828.95 839.24 849.51 859.76 870.00 880.22 890.42 348.32 359.45 370.56 381.64 392.70 403.74 414.76 425.75 436.73 447.68 458.62 469.53 480.43 491.31 502.17 513.01 523.84 534.65 545.44 556.21 566.96 577.70 588.41 599.11 609.80 620.46 631.11 641.73 652.34 662.94 673.51 684.07 694.61 705.13 715.63 726.11 736.58 747.03 757.46 767.88 778.27 788.65 799.01 809.35 819.67 829.98 840.27 850.54 860.79 871.02 881.24 891.44 349.43 360.56 371.67 382.75 393.81 404.84 415.86 426.85 437.82 448.78 459.71 470.62 481.52 492.40 503.26 514.10 524.92 535.73 546.51 557.28 568.03 578.77 589.48 600.18 610.86 621.53 632.17 642.80 653.40 663.99 674.57 685.12 695.66 706.18 716.68 727.16 737.63 748.07 758.50 768.92 779.31 789.69 800.04 810.38 820.70 831.01 841.29 851.56 861.81 872.05 882.26 892.46 350.55 361.67 372.78 383.86 394.91 405.95 416.96 427.95 438.92 449.87 460.80 471.71 482.61 493.48 504.34 515.18 526.00 536.81 547.59 558.36 569.11 579.84 590.56 601.25 611.93 622.59 633.23 643.86 654.46 665.05 675.62 686.18 696.71 707.23 717.73 728.21 738.67 749.12 759.55 769.96 780.35 790.72 801.08 811.42 821.74 832.04 842.32 852.59 862.84 873.07 883.28 893.48 351.66 362.78 373.89 384.96 396.02 407.05 418.06 429.05 440.02 450.96 461.89 472.80 483.70 494.57 505.43 516.26 527.08 537.88 548.67 559.44 570.18 580.91 591.63 602.32 613.00 623.66 634.30 644.92 655.52 666.11 676.68 687.23 697.76 708.28 718.78 729.26 739.72 750.16 760.59 771.00 781.39 791.76 802.11 812.45 822.77 833.07 843.35 853.61 863.86 874.09 884.30 894.49 352.77 363.90 374.99 386.07 397.12 408.15 419.16 430.14 441.11 452.06 462.99 473.89 484.78 495.66 506.51 517.35 528.16 538.96 549.75 560.51 571.26 581.99 592.70 603.39 614.06 624.72 635.36 645.98 656.58 667.17 677.74 688.29 698.82 709.33 719.83 730.30 740.76 751.21 761.63 772.04 782.42 792.79 803.15 813.48 823.80 834.10 844.38 854.64 864.89 875.11 885.32 895.51 353.89 365.01 376.10 387.17 398.22 409.25 420.26 431.24 442.21 453.15 464.08 474.98 485.87 496.74 507.59 518.43 529.24 540.04 550.82 561.59 572.33 583.06 593.77 604.46 615.13 625.78 636.42 647.04 657.64 668.23 678.79 689.34 699.87 710.38 720.87 731.35 741.81 752.25 762.67 773.08 783.46 793.83 804.18 814.51 824.83 835.13 845.40 855.67 865.91 876.13 886.34 896.53 355.00 366.12 377.21 388.28 399.33 410.35 421.36 432.34 443.30 454.25 465.17 476.07 486.96 497.83 508.68 519.51 530.33 541.12 551.90 562.66 573.40 584.13 594.84 605.53 616.20 626.85 637.48 648.10 658.70 669.28 679.85 690.39 700.92 711.43 721.92 732.40 742.85 753.29 763.71 774.11 784.50 794.87 805.22 815.55 825.86 836.15 846.43 856.69 866.93 877.16 887.36 897.55 -110 -100 -90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300 310 320 330 340 350 360 370 380 390 400 4-21 Common Reference Information, Conversions, and Tables Table 4-8. Resistance in Ohms °F 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °F 410 420 430 440 450 460 470 480 490 500 510 520 530 540 550 560 570 580 590 600 610 620 630 640 650 660 670 680 690 700 710 720 730 740 750 760 770 780 790 800 810 820 830 840 850 860 870 880 890 900 910 920 897.55 907.72 917.87 928.00 938.12 948.22 958.30 968.36 978.41 988.43 998.44 1008.43 1018.40 1028.36 1038.30 1048.21 1058.12 1068.00 1077.86 1087.71 1097.54 1107.35 1117.15 1136.68 1146.42 1156.14 1165.85 1165.85 1175.53 1185.20 1194.85 1204.48 1214.10 1223.70 1233.27 1242.84 1252.38 1261.90 1271.41 1280.90 1290.37 1299.82 1309.26 1318.68 1328.08 1337.46 1346.82 1356.17 1365.50 1374.81 1384.10 1393.37 898.57 908.73 918.88 929.02 939.13 949.23 959.31 969.37 979.41 989.43 999.44 1009.43 1019.40 1029.35 1039.29 1049.21 1059.11 1068.99 1078.85 1088.70 1098.52 1108.33 1118.13 1137.66 1147.39 1157.11 1166.82 1166.82 1176.50 1186.17 1195.82 1205.45 1215.06 1224.65 1234.23 1243.79 1253.33 1262.85 1272.36 1281.85 1291.32 1300.77 1310.20 1319.62 1329.02 1338.40 1347.76 1357.10 1366.43 1375.74 1385.03 1394.30 899.58 909.75 919.90 930.03 940.14 950.24 960.31 970.37 980.41 990.44 1000.44 1010.43 1020.40 1030.35 1040.28 1050.20 1060.09 1069.97 1079.84 1089.68 1099.51 1109.31 1119.10 1138.63 1148.37 1158.08 1167.79 1167.79 1177.47 1187.13 1196.78 1206.41 1216.02 1225.61 1235.19 1244.75 1254.28 1263.81 1273.31 1282.80 1292.26 1301.71 1311.15 1320.56 1329.96 1339.33 1348.69 1358.04 1367.36 1376.67 1385.96 1395.23 900.60 910.77 920.91 931.04 941.15 951.24 961.32 971.38 981.42 991.44 1001.44 1011.42 1021.39 1031.34 1041.27 1051.19 1061.08 1070.96 1080.82 1090.66 1100.49 1110.29 1120.08 1139.60 1149.34 1159.06 1168.75 1168.75 1178.44 1188.10 1197.74 1207.37 1216.98 1226.57 1236.14 1245.70 1255.24 1264.76 1274.26 1283.74 1293.21 1302.66 1312.09 1321.50 1330.89 1340.27 1349.63 1358.97 1368.29 1377.60 1386.88 1396.15 901.62 911.78 921.93 932.05 942.16 952.25 962.33 972.38 982.42 992.44 1002.44 1012.42 1022.39 1032.34 1042.27 1052.18 1062.07 1071.95 1081.81 1091.65 1101.47 1111.27 1121.06 1140.58 1150.31 1160.03 1169.72 1169.72 1179.40 1189.06 1198.71 1208.33 1217.94 1227.53 1237.10 1246.65 1256.19 1265.71 1275.21 1284.69 1294.15 1303.60 1313.03 1322.44 1331.83 1341.21 1350.56 1359.90 1369.22 1378.53 1387.81 1397.08 902.64 912.80 922.94 933.06 943.17 953.26 963.33 973.39 983.42 993.44 1003.44 1013.42 1023.38 1033.33 1043.26 1053.17 1063.06 1072.93 1082.79 1092.63 1102.45 1112.25 1122.04 1141.55 1151.28 1161.00 1170.69 1170.69 1180.37 1190.03 1199.67 1209.29 1218.90 1228.49 1238.06 1247.61 1257.14 1266.66 1276.16 1285.64 1295.10 1304.54 1313.97 1323.38 1332.77 1342.14 1351.50 1360.84 1370.15 1379.46 1388.74 1398.00 903.65 913.81 923.95 934.08 944.18 954.27 964.34 974.39 984.42 994.44 1004.44 1014.42 1024.38 1034.32 1044.25 1054.16 1064.05 1073.92 1083.78 1093.61 1103.43 1113.23 1123.01 1142.53 1152.26 1161.97 1171.55 1171.66 1181.34 1190.99 1200.63 1210.26 1219.86 1229.45 1239.01 1248.56 1258.10 1267.61 1277.11 1286.58 1296.05 1305.49 1314.91 1324.32 1333.71 1343.08 1352.43 1361.77 1371.09 1380.39 1389.67 1398.93 904.67 914.83 924.97 935.09 945.19 955.28 965.34 975.39 985.43 995.44 1005.44 1015.41 1025.37 1035.32 1045.24 1055.15 1065.04 1074.91 1084.76 1094.59 1104.41 1114.21 1123.99 1143.50 1153.23 1162.94 1172.63 1172.63 1182.30 1191.96 1201.60 1211.22 1220.82 1230.40 1239.97 1249.52 1259.05 1268.56 1278.06 1287.53 1296.99 1306.43 1315.85 1325.26 1334.65 1344.02 1353.37 1362.70 1372.02 1381.31 1390.59 1399.86 905.69 915.84 925.98 936.10 946.20 956.28 966.35 976.40 986.43 996.44 1006.43 1016.41 1026.37 1036.31 1046.23 1056.14 1066.02 1075.89 1085.74 1095.58 1105.39 1115.19 1134.73 1144.47 1154.20 1163.91 1173.60 1173.60 1183.27 1192.92 1202.56 1212.18 1221.78 1231.36 1240.92 1250.47 1260.00 1269.51 1279.00 1288.48 1297.94 1307.37 1316.80 1326.20 1335.58 1344.95 1354.30 1363.63 1372.95 1382.24 1391.52 1400.78 906.70 916.86 926.99 937.11 947.21 957.29 967.36 977.40 987.43 997.44 1007.43 1017.41 1027.36 1037.30 1047.22 1057.13 1067.01 1076.88 1086.73 1096.56 1106.37 1116.17 1135.71 1145.45 1155.17 1164.88 1174.57 1174.57 1184.24 1193.89 1203.52 1213.14 1222.74 1232.32 1241.88 1251.42 1260.95 1270.46 1279.95 1289.42 1298.88 1308.32 1317.74 1327.14 1336.52 1345.89 1355.24 1364.57 1373.88 1383.17 1392.45 1401.71 907.72 917.87 928.00 938.12 948.22 958.30 968.36 978.41 988.43 998.44 1008.43 1018.40 1028.36 1038.30 1048.21 1058.12 1068.00 1077.86 1087.71 1097.54 1107.35 1117.15 1136.68 1146.42 1156.14 1165.85 1175.53 1175.53 1185.20 1194.85 1204.48 1214.10 1223.70 1233.27 1242.84 1252.38 1261.90 1271.41 1280.90 1290.37 1299.82 1309.26 1318.68 1328.08 1337.46 1346.82 1356.17 1365.50 1374.81 1384.10 1393.37 1402.63 410 420 430 440 450 460 470 480 490 500 510 520 530 540 550 560 570 580 590 600 610 620 630 640 650 660 670 680 690 700 710 720 730 740 750 760 770 780 790 800 810 820 830 840 850 860 870 880 890 900 910 920 4-22 Rosemount Inc. Table 4-8. Resistance in Ohms °F 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °F 930 940 950 960 970 980 990 1000 1010 1020 1030 1040 1050 1060 1070 1080 1090 1100 1110 1120 1130 1140 1150 1160 1170 1180 1190 1200 1210 1220 1230 1240 1250 1260 1270 1280 1290 1300 1310 1320 1330 1340 1350 1360 1370 1380 1390 1400 1410 1420 1430 1440 1402.63 1411.87 1421.09 1430.29 1439.48 1448.64 1457.79 1466.92 1476.04 1485.13 1494.21 1503.27 1512.31 1521.34 1530.34 1539.33 1548.30 1557.25 1566.19 1575.10 1584.00 1592.88 1601.74 1610.59 1619.41 1628.22 1637.01 1645.79 1654.54 1663.28 1672.00 1680.70 1689.38 1698.05 1706.70 1715.33 1723.94 1732.53 1741.11 1749.67 1758.21 1766.73 1775.23 1783.72 1792.19 1800.64 1809.07 1817.49 1825.88 1834.26 1842.62 1850.97 1403.56 1412.79 1422.01 1431.21 1440.40 1449.56 1458.71 1467.84 1476.95 1486.04 1495.12 1504.18 1513.22 1522.24 1531.24 1540.23 1549.20 1558.15 1567.08 1575.99 1584.89 1593.77 1602.63 1611.47 1620.30 1629.10 1637.89 1646.66 1655.42 1664.15 1672.87 1681.57 1690.25 1698.91 1707.56 1716.19 1724.80 1733.39 1741.96 1750.52 1759.06 1767.58 1776.08 1784.57 1793.03 1801.48 1809.91 1818.33 1826.72 1835.10 1843.46 1851.80 1404.48 1413.72 1422.93 1432.13 1441.31 1450.48 1459.62 1468.75 1477.86 1486.95 1496.02 1505.08 1514.12 1523.14 1532.14 1541.12 1550.09 1559.04 1567.97 1576.88 1585.78 1594.65 1603.51 1612.35 1621.18 1629.98 1638.77 1647.54 1656.29 1665.02 1673.74 1682.44 1691.12 1699.78 1708.42 1717.05 1725.66 1734.25 1742.82 1751.38 1759.91 1768.43 1776.93 1785.41 1793.88 1802.33 1810.76 1819.17 1827.56 1835.94 1844.29 1852.63 1405.40 1414.64 1423.85 1433.05 1442.23 1451.39 1460.54 1469.66 1478.77 1487.86 1496.93 1505.98 1515.02 1524.04 1533.04 1542.02 1550.99 1559.93 1568.86 1577.77 1586.67 1595.54 1604.40 1613.24 1622.06 1630.86 1639.65 1648.42 1657.17 1665.90 1674.61 1683.31 1691.98 1700.65 1709.29 1717.91 1726.52 1735.11 1743.68 1752.23 1760.76 1769.28 1777.78 1786.26 1794.72 1803.17 1811.60 1820.01 1828.40 1836.77 1845.13 1853.47 1406.33 1415.56 1424.77 1433.97 1443.15 1452.31 1461.45 1470.57 1479.68 1488.77 1497.84 1506.89 1515.92 1524.94 1533.94 1542.92 1551.88 1560.83 1569.75 1578.66 1587.55 1596.43 1605.28 1614.12 1622.94 1631.74 1640.53 1649.29 1658.04 1666.77 1675.48 1684.18 1692.85 1701.51 1710.15 1718.77 1727.38 1735.96 1744.53 1753.08 1761.62 1770.13 1778.63 1787.11 1795.57 1804.01 1812.44 1820.85 1829.24 1837.61 1845.96 1854.30 1407.25 1416.48 1425.69 1434.89 1444.06 1453.22 1462.36 1471.48 1480.59 1489.67 1498.74 1507.79 1516.83 1525.84 1534.84 1543.82 1552.78 1561.72 1570.65 1579.55 1588.44 1597.31 1606.17 1615.00 1623.82 1632.62 1641.40 1650.17 1658.91 1667.64 1676.35 1685.04 1693.72 1702.37 1711.01 1719.63 1728.24 1736.82 1745.39 1753.94 1762.47 1770.98 1779.48 1787.96 1796.42 1804.86 1813.28 1821.69 1830.07 1838.44 1846.80 1855.13 1408.18 1417.40 1426.61 1435.81 1444.98 1454.14 1463.27 1472.40 1481.50 1490.58 1499.65 1508.70 1517.73 1526.74 1535.74 1544.71 1553.67 1562.61 1571.54 1580.44 1589.33 1598.20 1607.05 1615.89 1624.70 1633.50 1642.28 1651.04 1659.79 1668.51 1677.22 1685.91 1694.58 1703.24 1711.88 1720.50 1729.10 1737.68 1746.24 1754.79 1763.32 1771.83 1780.33 1788.80 1797.26 1805.70 1814.12 1822.53 1830.91 1839.28 1847.63 1855.96 1409.10 1418.33 1427.53 1436.72 1445.90 1455.05 1464.19 1473.31 1482.41 1491.49 1500.55 1509.60 1518.63 1527.64 1536.63 1545.61 1554.57 1563.51 1572.43 1581.33 1590.22 1599.09 1607.94 1616.77 1625.58 1634.38 1643.16 1651.92 1660.66 1669.38 1678.09 1686.78 1695.45 1704.10 1712.74 1721.36 1729.96 1738.54 1747.10 1755.65 1764.17 1772.68 1781.18 1789.65 1798.11 1806.54 1814.96 1823.37 1831.75 1840.12 1848.47 1856.80 1410.02 1419.25 1428.45 1437.64 1446.81 1455.97 1465.10 1474.22 1483.32 1492.40 1501.46 1510.51 1519.53 1528.54 1537.53 1546.51 1555.46 1564.40 1573.32 1582.22 1591.11 1599.97 1608.82 1617.65 1626.46 1635.26 1644.03 1652.79 1661.53 1670.26 1678.96 1687.65 1696.32 1704.97 1713.60 1722.22 1730.81 1739.39 1747.96 1756.50 1765.03 1773.53 1782.02 1790.50 1798.95 1807.39 1815.80 1824.21 1832.59 1840.95 1849.30 1857.63 1410.95 1420.17 1429.37 1438.56 1447.73 1456.88 1466.01 1475.13 1484.22 1493.30 1502.37 1511.41 1520.43 1529.44 1538.43 1547.40 1556.36 1565.29 1574.21 1583.11 1591.99 1600.86 1609.70 1618.53 1627.34 1636.14 1644.91 1653.67 1662.41 1671.13 1679.83 1688.52 1697.18 1705.83 1714.46 1723.08 1731.67 1740.25 1748.81 1757.35 1765.88 1774.38 1782.87 1791.34 1799.79 1808.23 1816.65 1825.04 1833.42 1841.79 1850.13 1858.46 1411.87 1421.09 1430.29 1439.48 1448.64 1457.79 1466.92 1476.04 1485.13 1494.21 1503.27 1512.31 1521.34 1530.34 1539.33 1548.30 1557.25 1566.19 1575.10 1584.00 1592.88 1601.74 1610.59 1619.41 1628.22 1637.01 1645.79 1654.54 1663.28 1672.00 1680.70 1689.38 1698.05 1706.70 1715.33 1723.94 1732.53 1741.11 1749.67 1758.21 1766.73 1775.23 1783.72 1792.19 1800.64 1809.07 1817.49 1825.88 1834.26 1842.62 1850.97 1859.29 930 940 950 960 970 980 990 1000 1010 1020 1030 1040 1050 1060 1070 1080 1090 1100 1110 1120 1130 1140 1150 1160 1170 1180 1190 1200 1210 1220 1230 1240 1250 1260 1270 1280 1290 1300 1310 1320 1330 1340 1350 1360 1370 1380 1390 1400 1410 1420 1430 1440 4-23 Common Reference Information, Conversions, and Tables Table 4-8. Resistance in Ohms °F 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °F 1450 1460 1470 1480 1490 1500 1510 1520 1530 1540 1550 1560 1859.29 1867.60 1875.89 1884.16 1892.41 1900.65 1908.87 1917.07 1925.25 1933.41 1941.56 1949.69 1860.12 1868.43 1876.72 1884.99 1893.24 1901.47 1909.69 1917.89 1926.07 1934.23 1942.37 1950.50 1860.95 1869.26 1877.54 1885.81 1894.06 1902.29 1910.51 1918.71 1926.88 1935.04 1943.19 1951.31 1861.79 1870.09 1878.37 1886.64 1894.89 1903.12 1911.33 1919.52 1927.70 1935.86 1944.00 1862.62 1870.92 1879.20 1887.46 1895.71 1903.94 1912.15 1920.34 1928.52 1936.67 1944.81 1863.45 1871.75 1880.03 1888.29 1896.53 1904.76 1912.97 1921.16 1929.33 1937.49 1945.63 1864.28 1872.57 1880.85 1889.11 1897.36 1905.58 1913.79 1921.98 1930.15 1938.30 1946.44 1865.11 1873.40 1881.68 1889.94 1898.18 1906.40 1914.61 1922.80 1930.97 1939.12 1947.25 1865.94 1874.23 1882.51 1890.76 1899.00 1907.23 1915.43 1923.61 1931.78 1939.93 1948.06 1866.77 1875.06 1883.33 1891.59 1899.83 1908.05 1916.25 1924.43 1932.60 1940.75 1948.88 1867.60 1875.89 1884.16 1892.41 1900.65 1908.87 1917.07 1925.25 1933.41 1941.56 1949.69 1450 1460 1470 1480 1490 1500 1510 1520 1530 1540 1550 1560 NICKEL 120 Resistance as a Function of Temperature (°C) Reference Standard: Edison Curve 7 Table 4-9. Resistance in Ohms °C 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °C -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 73.10 79.62 86.17 92.76 99.41 106.15 113.00 120.00 127.17 134.52 142.06 149.80 157.74 165.90 174.27 182.85 191.64 200.64 209.86 219.30 228.96 238.85 248.97 259.37 269.93 280.78 291.96 303.46 315.30 327.53 340.14 73.75 80.27 86.83 93.42 100.08 106.83 113.69 120.71 127.90 135.24 142.82 150.58 158.55 166.73 175.11 183.72 192.53 201.56 210.80 220.26 229.94 239.85 250.01 260.41 271.00 281.88 293.10 304.63 316.51 328.77 341.43 74.40 80.93 87.48 94.08 100.75 107.51 114.39 121.42 128.62 134.01 143.59 151.37 159.36 167.56 175.97 184.59 193.42 202.47 211.73 221.21 230.92 240.85 251.04 261.46 272.07 282.99 294.24 305.80 317.72 330.02 342.71 75.05 81.58 88.14 94.75 101.42 108.19 115.08 122.13 129.35 134.76 144.36 152.16 160.17 168.39 176.82 185.46 194.32 203.39 212.67 222.17 231.90 241.86 252.08 262.51 273.15 284.10 295.38 306.97 318.93 331.27 344.00 75.71 82.24 88.80 95.41 102.09 108.87 115.78 122.85 130.09 137.51 145.13 152.95 160.98 169.22 177.67 186.34 195.21 204.31 213.61 223.14 232.89 242.87 253.12 263.56 274.23 285.21 296.53 308.15 320.15 332.53 345.30 76.36 82.89 89.46 96.08 102.77 109.56 116.48 123.56 130.82 138.26 145.90 153.74 161.79 170.06 178.53 187.22 196.11 205.23 214.55 224.10 233.87 243.88 254.16 264.62 275.31 286.33 297.68 309.34 321.37 333.79 346.59 77.01 83.55 90.12 96.74 103.44 110.24 117.18 124.28 131.56 139.02 146.68 154.54 162.61 170.89 179.39 188.10 197.02 206.15 215.50 225.07 234.86 244.89 255.20 265.67 276.40 287.45 298.83 310.52 322.59 335.05 347.90 77.66 84.20 90.78 97.41 104.12 110.93 117.88 125.00 132.29 139.77 147.45 155.34 163.43 171.73 180.25 188.98 197.92 207.08 216.45 226.04 235.86 245.91 256.24 266.73 277.49 288.57 299.98 311.71 323.82 336.32 349.20 78.31 84.86 91.44 98.08 104.79 111.62 118.59 125.72 133.03 140.53 148.23 156.14 164.25 172.58 181.11 189.86 198.83 208.00 217.40 227.01 236.85 246.93 257.28 267.80 278.58 289.70 301.14 312.90 325.05 337.59 350.51 78.97 85.51 92.10 98.74 105.47 112.31 119.29 126.44 133.77 141.29 149.01 156.94 165.07 173.42 181.98 190.75 199.73 208.93 218.35 227.98 237.85 247.95 258.32 268.86 279.68 290.83 302.30 314.10 326.29 338.86 351.82 79.62 86.17 92.76 99.41 106.15 113.00 120.00 127.17 134.52 142.06 149.80 157.74 165.90 174.27 182.85 191.64 200.64 209.86 219.30 228.96 238.85 248.97 259.37 269.93 280.78 291.96 303.46 315.30 327.53 340.14 353.14 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 4-24 Rosemount Inc. Table 4-9. Resistance in Ohms °C 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °C 240 250 260 270 280 290 353.14 366.53 380.31 394.49 409.07 424.05 354.46 367.89 381.71 395.93 410.55 425.57 355.79 369.25 383.11 397.37 412.03 427.09 357.12 370.62 384.52 398.82 413.52 428.62 358.45 371.99 385.93 400.27 415.01 430.15 359.79 373.37 387.35 401.73 416.51 431.69 361.13 374.75 388.77 403.19 418.01 433.23 362.47 376.13 390.19 404.65 419.51 434.77 363.82 377.52 391.62 406.12 421.02 436.32 365.17 378.91 393.05 407.59 422.53 437.87 366.53 380.31 394.49 409.07 424.05 439.43 240 250 260 270 280 290 NICKEL 120 Resistance as a Function of Temperature (°F) Reference Standard: Edison Curve 7 Table 4-10. Resistance in Ohms °F 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °F -90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 74.55 78.17 81.80 85.44 89.09 92.76 96.45 100.16 103.89 107.66 111.47 115.32 119.21 123.17 127.17 131.23 135.35 139.52 143.76 148.06 152.42 156.85 161.34 165.90 170.52 175.21 179.96 184.78 189.67 194.62 199.63 204.71 209.86 215.08 220.36 225.71 231.41 74.91 78.53 82.16 85.80 89.46 93.13 96.82 100.53 104.27 108.44 111.85 115.70 119.61 123.56 127.57 131.64 135.76 139.94 144.19 148.49 152.86 157.30 161.9 166.36 170.99 175.68 180.44 185.27 190.16 195.12 200.12 205.23 210.38 215.60 220.89 226.25 231.68 75.27 78.90 82.53 86.17 89.82 93.50 97.19 100.90 104.64 108.42 112.23 116.09 120.00 123.96 127.98 132.05 136.18 140.36 144.61 148.93 153.30 157.74 162.25 166.82 171.45 176.15 180.92 185.75 190.65 195.61 200.64 205.74 210.93 216.13 221.43 226.79 232.23 75.63 79.26 82.89 86.53 90.19 93.86 97.56 101.27 105.02 108.80 112.62 116.48 120.39 124.36 128.38 132.46 136.59 140.79 145.04 149.36 153.74 158.19 162.70 167.28 171.92 176.63 181.40 186.24 191.14 196.11 201.15 206.25 211.42 216.66 221.96 227.33 232.78 76.00 79.62 83.25 86.90 90.56 94.23 97.93 101.65 105.40 109.18 113.00 116.87 120.79 124.76 128.79 132.87 137.01 141.21 145.47 149.80 154.19 158.64 163.16 167.74 172.39 177.10 181.88 186.73 191.64 196.62 201.66 206.77 211.94 217.18 222.50 227.87 233.32 76.36 79.98 83.62 87.26 90.92 94.60 98.30 102.02 105.77 109.56 113.39 117.26 121.18 125.16 129.19 133.28 137.43 141.63 145.90 150.23 154.63 159.09 163.61 168.20 172.86 177.58 182.36 187.22 192.13 197.12 202.17 207.28 212.46 217.71 223.03 228.42 233.87 76.72 80.35 83.98 87.63 91.29 94.97 98.67 102.39 106.15 109.94 113.77 117.65 121.58 125.56 129.60 133.69 137.84 142.06 146.33 150.67 155.07 159.54 164.07 168.66 173.33 178.05 182.85 187.70 192.63 197.62 202.67 207.80 212.98 218.24 223.57 228.96 234.42 77.08 80.71 84.35 87.99 91.66 95.34 99.04 102.77 106.53 110.32 114.16 118.04 121.98 125.96 130.0 134.10 138.26 142.48 146.76 151.11 155.52 159.99 164.53 169.13 173.80 178.53 183.33 188.19 193.12 198.12 203.18 208.31 213.51 218.77 224.10 229.50 234.97 77.44 81.07 84.71 88.36 92.02 95.71 99.41 103.14 1096.90 110.70 114.54 118.43 122.37 126.36 130.41 134.52 138.68 142.91 147.19 151.54 155.96 160.44 164.98 169.59 174.27 179.01 183.81 188.68 193.62 198.62 203.69 208.83 214.03 219.30 224.64 230.05 235.52 77.81 81.44 85.08 88.73 92.39 96.08 99.78 103.52 107.28 111.08 114.93 118.82 122.77 126.77 130.82 134.93 139.10 143.33 147.63 151.98 156.40 160.89 165.44 170.06 174.74 179.48 184.30 189.17 194.12 199.13 204.20 209.35 214.55 219.83 225.18 230.59 236.08 78.17 81.80 85.44 89.09 92.76 96.45 100.16 103.89 107.66 111.47 115.32 119.21 123.17 127.17 131.23 135.35 139.52 143.76 148.06 152.42 156.85 161.34 165.90 170.52 175.21 179.96 184.78 189.67 194.62 199.63 204.71 209.86 215.08 220.36 225.71 231.14 236.63 -90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 4-25 Common Reference Information, Conversions, and Tables Table 4-10. Resistance in Ohms °F 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °F 280 290 300 310 320 330 340 350 360 370 380 390 400 410 420 430 440 450 460 470 480 490 500 510 520 530 540 550 560 570 236.63 242.19 247.83 253.58 259.37 265.20 271.12 277.13 283.24 289.45 295.76 302.17 308.68 315.30 322.05 328.91 335.90 343.00 350.22 357.56 365.02 372.61 380.31 388.14 396.09 404.17 412.36 420.69 429.13 437.70 237.18 242.75 248.40 254.16 259.95 265.79 271.72 277.73 283.85 290.08 296.40 302.81 309.34 315.97 322.73 329.61 336.60 343.72 350.95 358.30 365.77 373.37 381.09 388.93 396.89 404.98 413.19 421.53 429.98 438.57 237.74 243.32 248.97 254.73 260.53 266.38 272.31 278.34 284.47 290.71 297.04 303.46 309.99 316.64 323.41 330.30 337.31 344.43 351.68 359.04 366.53 374.14 381.87 389.72 397.70 405.80 414.02 422.37 430.84 439.43 238.29 243.88 249.55 255.31 261.11 266.97 272.91 278.95 285.09 291.33 297.68 304.11 310.65 317.31 324.10 330.99 338.01 345.15 352.41 359.79 367.29 374.90 382.65 390.51 398.50 406.61 414.85 423.21 431.69 238.85 244.44 250.12 255.89 261.69 267.56 273.51 279.56 285.71 291.96 298.32 304.76 311.31 317.99 324.78 331.69 338.72 345.87 353.14 360.53 368.04 375.67 383.43 391.30 399.31 407.43 415.68 424.05 432.55 239.40 245.01 250.70 256.47 262.28 268.15 274.11 280.17 286.33 292.60 298.96 305.41 311.98 318.66 325.47 332.39 339.43 346.59 353.88 361.28 368.80 376.44 384.21 392.10 400.11 408.25 416.51 424.89 433.40 239.96 245.57 251.27 257.05 262.86 268.74 274.71 280.78 286.95 293.23 299.60 306.06 312.64 319.34 326.15 333.09 340.14 347.32 354.61 362.02 369.56 377.21 384.99 392.89 400.92 409.07 417.34 425.74 434.26 240.52 246.13 251.85 257.63 263.45 269.34 275.31 281.39 287.58 293.86 300.24 306.71 313.30 320.01 326.84 333.79 340.85 348.04 355.35 362.77 370.32 377.99 385.78 393.69 401.73 409.89 418.18 426.59 435.12 241.08 246.70 252.43 258.20 264.03 269.93 275.92 282.01 288.20 294.49 300.88 307.37 313.97 320.69 327.53 334.49 341.57 348.77 356.08 363.52 371.08 378.76 386.56 394.49 402.54 410.71 419.01 427.43 435.98 241.63 247.27 253.00 258.78 264.62 270.52 276.52 282.62 288.82 295.13 301.52 308.02 314.64 321.37 328.22 335.19 342.28 349.49 356.82 364.27 371.84 379.53 387.35 395.29 403.35 411.54 419.85 428.28 436.84 242.19 247.83 253.58 259.37 265.20 271.12 277.13 283.24 289.45 295.76 302.17 308.68 315.30 322.05 328.91 335.90 343.00 350.22 357.56 365.02 372.61 380.31 388.14 396.09 404.17 412.36 420.69 429.13 437.70 280 290 300 310 320 330 340 350 360 370 380 390 400 410 420 430 440 450 460 470 480 490 500 510 520 530 540 550 560 570 COPPER 10 Resistance as a Function of Temperature (°C) Reference Standard: SAMA RC21-4-1996 Table 4-11. Resistance in Ohms °C 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °C -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 6.33 6.72 7.11 7.50 7.89 8.27 8.66 9.04 9.43 9.81 10.20 10.58 10.97 6.37 6.76 7.15 7.54 7.92 8.31 8.70 9.08 9.47 9.85 10.24 10.62 11.01 6.41 6.80 7.19 7.58 7.96 8.35 8.73 9.12 9.50 9.89 10.27 10.66 11.05 6.45 6.84 7.23 7.62 8.00 8.39 8.77 9.16 9.54 9.93 10.31 10.70 11.08 6.49 6.88 7.27 7.65 8.04 8.43 8.81 9.20 9.58 9.97 10.35 10.74 11.12 6.53 6.92 7.31 7.69 8.08 8.46 8.85 9.23 9.62 10.01 10.39 10.78 11.16 6.57 6.96 7.34 7.73 8.12 8.50 8.89 9.27 9.66 10.04 10.43 10.81 11.20 6.60 6.99 7.38 7.77 8.16 8.54 8.93 9.31 9.70 10.08 10.47 10.85 11.24 6.64 7.03 7.42 7.81 8.19 8.58 8.97 9.35 9.74 10.12 10.51 10.89 11.28 6.68 7.07 7.46 7.85 8.23 8.62 9.00 9.39 9.77 10.16 10.54 10.93 11.31 6.72 7.11 7.50 7.89 8.27 8.66 9.04 9.43 9.81 10.20 10.58 10.97 11.35 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 4-26 Rosemount Inc. Table 4-11. Resistance in Ohms °C 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °C 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 11.35 11.74 12.12 12.51 12.89 13.28 13.66 14.05 14.43 14.82 15.21 15.59 15.98 16.36 16.75 1713 17.52 17.90 18.29 11.39 11.78 12.16 12.55 12.93 13.32 13.70 14.09 14.47 14.86 15.24 15.63 16.01 16.40 16.78 17.17 17.55 17.94 18.33 11.43 11.82 12.20 12.59 12.97 13.36 13.74 14.13 14.51 14.90 15.28 15.67 16.05 16.44 16.82 17.21 17.59 17.98 18.36 11.47 11.85 12.24 12.62 13.01 13.39 13.78 14.17 14.55 14.94 15.32 15.71 16.09 16.48 16.86 17.25 17.63 18.02 18.40 11.51 11.89 12.28 12.66 13.05 13.43 13.82 14.20 14.59 14.97 15.36 15.74 16.13 16.51 16.90 17.29 17.67 18.06 18.44 11.55 11.93 12.32 12.70 13.09 13.47 13.86 14.24 14.63 15.01 15.40 15.78 16.17 16.55 16.94 17.32 17.71 18.09 18.48 11.58 11.97 12.35 12.74 13.13 13.51 13.90 14.28 14.67 15.05 15.44 15.82 16.21 16.59 16.98 17.36 17.75 18.13 18.52 11.62 12.01 12.39 12.78 13.16 13.55 13.93 14.32 14.70 15.09 15.47 15.86 16.25 16.63 17.02 17.40 17.79 18.17 18.56 11.66 12.05 12.43 12.82 13.20 13.59 13.97 14.36 14.74 15.13 15.51 15.90 16.28 16.67 17.05 17.44 17.82 18.21 18.59 11.70 12.09 12.47 12.86 13.24 13.63 14.01 14.40 14.78 15.17 15.55 15.94 16.32 16.71 17.09 17.48 17.86 18.25 18.63 11.74 12.12 12.51 12.89 13.28 13.66 14.05 14.43 14.82 15.21 15.59 15.98 16.36 16.75 17.13 17.52 17.90 18.29 18.67 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 COPPER 10 Resistance as a Function of Temperature (°F) Reference Standard: SAMA RC21-4-1996 Table 4-12. Resistance in Ohms °F 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °F -90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 6.42 6.64 6.85 7.07 7.28 7.50 7.71 7.93 8.14 8.36 8.57 8.79 9.00 9.21 9.43 9.64 9.86 10.07 10.28 10.50 10.71 10.93 11.14 11.35 6.44 6.66 6.87 7.09 7.31 7.52 7.74 7.95 8.16 8.38 8.59 8.81 9.02 9.23 9.45 9.66 9.88 10.09 10.30 10.52 10.73 10.95 11.16 11.37 6.46 6.68 6.89 7.11 7.33 7.54 7.76 7.97 8.19 8.40 8.61 8.83 9.04 9.26 9.47 9.68 9.90 10.11 10.33 10.54 10.75 10.97 11.18 11.40 6.48 6.70 6.92 7.13 7.35 7.56 7.78 7.99 8.21 8.42 8.64 8.85 9.06 9.28 9.49 9.71 9.92 10.13 10.35 10.56 10.78 10.99 11.20 11.42 6.51 6.72 6.94 7.15 7.37 7.59 7.80 8.01 8.23 8.44 8.66 8.87 9.08 9.30 9.51 9.73 9.94 10.15 10.37 10.58 10.80 11.01 11.22 11.44 6.53 6.74 6.96 7.18 7.39 7.61 7.82 8.04 8.25 8.46 8.68 8.89 9.11 9.32 9.53 9.75 9.96 10.18 10.39 10.60 10.82 11.03 11.25 11.46 6.55 6.77 6.98 7.20 7.41 7.63 7.84 8.06 8.27 8.49 8.70 8.91 9.13 9.34 9.56 9.77 9.98 10.20 10.41 10.63 10.84 11.05 11.27 11.48 6.57 6.79 7.00 7.22 7.43 7.65 7.86 8.08 8.29 8.51 8.72 8.94 9.15 9.36 9.58 9.79 10.01 10.22 10.43 10.65 10.86 11.08 11.29 11.50 6.59 6.81 7.02 7.24 7.46 7.67 7.89 8.10 8.31 8.53 8.74 8.96 9.17 9.38 9.60 9.81 10.03 10.24 10.45 10.67 10.88 11.10 11.31 11.52 6.61 6.83 7.05 7.26 7.48 7.69 7.91 8.12 8.34 8.55 8.76 8.98 9.19 9.41 9.62 9.83 10.05 10.26 10.48 10.69 10.90 11.12 11.33 11.55 6.64 6.85 7.07 7.28 7.50 7.71 7.93 8.14 8.36 8.57 8.79 9.00 9.21 9.43 9.64 9.86 10.07 10.28 10.50 10.71 10.93 11.14 11.35 11.57 -90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 4-27 Common Reference Information, Conversions, and Tables Table 4-12. Resistance in Ohms °F 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 °F 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300 310 320 330 340 350 360 370 380 390 400 410 420 430 440 450 460 470 480 11.57 11.78 12.00 12.21 12.42 12.64 12.85 13.07 13.28 13.49 13.71 13.92 14.14 14.35 14.56 14.78 14.99 15.21 15.42 15.63 15.85 16.06 16.28 16.49 16.70 16.92 17.13 17.35 17.56 17.77 17.99 18.20 18.42 18.63 11.59 11.80 12.02 12.23 12.44 12.66 12.87 13.09 13.30 13.51 13.73 13.94 14.16 14.37 14.58 14.80 15.01 15.23 15.44 15.65 15.87 16.08 16.30 16.51 16.72 16.94 17.15 17.37 17.58 17.79 18.01 18.22 18.44 18.65 11.61 11.82 12.04 12.25 12.47 12.68 12.89 13.11 13.32 13.54 13.75 13.96 14.18 14.39 14.61 14.82 15.03 15.25 15.46 15.68 15.89 16.10 16.32 16.53 16.75 16.96 17.17 17.39 17.60 17.82 18.03 18.24 18.46 18.67 11.63 11.85 12.06 12.27 12.49 12.70 12.92 13.13 13.34 13.56 13.77 13.99 14.20 14.41 14.63 14.84 15.06 15.28 15.48 15.70 15.91 16.13 16.34 16.55 16.77 16.98 17.20 17.41 17.62 17.84 18.05 18.27 18.48 11.65 11.87 12.08 12.29 12.51 12.72 12.94 13.15 13.36 13.58 13.79 14.01 14.22 14.43 14.65 14.86 15.08 15.29 15.50 15.72 15.93 16.15 16.36 16.57 16.79 17.00 17.22 17.43 17.64 17.86 18.07 18.29 18.50 11.67 11.89 12.10 12.32 12.53 12.74 12.96 13.17 13.39 13.60 13.81 14.03 14.24 14.46 14.67 14.88 15.10 15.31 15.53 15.74 15.95 16.17 16.38 16.60 16.81 17.02 17.24 17.45 17.67 17.88 18.09 18.31 18.52 11.70 11.91 12.12 12.34 12.55 12.77 12.98 13.19 13.41 13.62 13.84 14.05 14.26 14.48 14.69 14.91 15.12 15.33 15.55 15.76 15.98 16.19 16.40 16.62 16.83 17.05 17.26 17.47 17.69 17.90 18.12 18.33 18.54 11.72 11.93 12.15 12.36 12.57 12.79 13.00 13.22 13.43 13.64 13.86 14.07 14.29 14.50 14.71 14.93 15.14 15.36 15.57 15.78 16.00 16.21 16.43 16.64 16.85 17.07 17.28 17.50 17.71 17.92 18.14 18.35 18.57 11.74 11.95 12.17 12.38 12.59 12.81 13.02 13.24 13.45 13.66 13.88 14.09 14.31 14.52 14.73 14.95 15.16 15.38 15.59 15.80 16.02 16.23 16.45 16.66 16.87 17.09 17.30 17.52 17.73 17.94 18.16 18.37 18.59 11.76 11.97 12.19 12.40 12.62 12.83 13.04 13.26 13.47 13.69 13.90 14.11 14.33 14.54 14.76 14.97 15.18 15.40 15.61 15.83 16.04 16.25 16.47 16.68 16.90 17.11 17.32 17.54 17.75 17.97 18.18 18.39 18.61 11.78 12.00 12.21 12.42 12.64 12.85 13.07 13.28 13.49 13.71 13.92 14.14 14.35 14.56 14.78 14.99 15.21 15.42 15.63 15.85 16.06 16.28 16.49 16.70 16.92 17.13 17.35 17.56 17.77 17.99 18.20 18.42 18.63 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300 310 320 330 340 350 360 370 380 390 400 410 420 430 440 450 460 470 480 4-28 Section 5 Conversion Data Table 5-1. Temperature Conversion(1) -459.4° to 0° C FC -273 1° to 60° F 61° to 290° 300° to 890° 900° to 3000° C FC F C FC F C FC F C FC F -459.4 -17.2 1 33.8 16.1 61 141.8 149 300 572 482 900 1652 -268 -450 -16.7 2 35.6 16.7 62 143.6 154 310 590 488 910 1670 -262 -440 -16.1 3 37.4 17.2 63 145.4 160 320 608 493 920 1688 -257 -430 -15.6 4 39.2 17.8 64 147.2 166 330 626 499 930 1706 -251 -420 -15.0 5 41.0 18.3 65 149.0 171 340 644 504 940 1724 -246 -410 -14.4 6 42.8 18.9 66 150.8 177 350 662 510 950 1742 -240 -400 -13.9 7 44.6 19.4 67 152.6 182 360 680 516 960 1760 -234 -390 -13.3 8 46.4 20.0 68 154.4 188 370 698 521 970 1778 -229 -380 -12.8 9 48.2 20.6 69 156.2 193 380 716 527 980 1796 -223 -370 -12.2 10 50.0 21.1 70 158.0 199 390 734 532 990 1814 -218 -360 -11.7 11 51.8 21.7 71 159.8 204 400 752 538 1000 1832 -212 -350 -11.1 12 53.6 22.2 72 161.6 210 410 770 549 1020 1868 -207 -340 -10.6 13 55.4 22.8 73 163.4 216 420 788 560 1040 1904 -201 -330 -10.0 14 57.2 23.3 74 165.2 221 430 806 571 1060 1940 -196 -320 -9.4 15 59.0 23.9 75 167.0 227 440 824 582 1080 1976 -190 -310 -8.9 16 60.8 24.4 76 168.8 232 450 842 593 1100 2012 -184 -300 -8.3 17 62.6 25.0 77 170.6 238 460 860 604 1120 2048 -179 -290 -7.8 18 64.4 25.6 78 172.4 243 470 878 616 1140 2084 -173 -280 -169 -273 -459.4 -7.2 19 66.2 26.1 79 174.2 249 480 896 627 1160 2120 -6.7 20 68.0 26.7 80 176.0 254 490 914 638 1180 2156 -168 -270 -454 -6.1 21 69.8 27.2 81 177.8 260 500 932 649 1200 2192 -162 -260 -436 -5.6 22 71.6 27.8 82 179.6 266 510 950 660 1220 2228 -157 -250 -418 -5.0 23 73.4 28.3 83 181.4 271 520 968 671 1240 2264 -151 -240 -400 -4.4 24 75.2 28.9 84 183.2 277 530 986 682 1260 2300 -146 -230 -382 -3.9 25 77.0 29.4 85 185.0 282 540 1004 693 1280 2336 -140 -220 -364 -3.3 26 78.8 30.0 86 186.8 288 550 1022 704 1300 2372 -134 -210 -346 -2.8 27 80.6 30.6 87 188.6 293 560 1040 732 1350 2462 -129 -200 -328 -2.2 28 82.4 31.1 88 190.4 299 570 1058 760 1400 2552 -123 -190 -310 -1.7 29 84.2 31.7 89 192.2 304 580 1076 788 1450 2642 -118 -180 -292 -1.1 30 86.0 32.2 90 194.0 310 590 1094 816 1500 2732 -112 -170 -274 -0.6 31 87.8 32.8 91 195.8 316 600 1112 843 1550 2822 -107 -160 -256 0.0 32 89.6 33.3 92 197.6 321 610 1130 871 1600 2912 -101 -150 -238 0.6 33 91.4 33.9 93 199.4 327 620 1148 899 1650 3002 -96 -140 -220 1.1 34 93.2 34.4 94 201.2 332 630 1166 927 1700 3092 -90 -130 -202 1.7 35 95.0 35.0 95 203.0 338 640 1184 954 1750 3182 -84 -120 -184 2.2 36 96.8 35.6 96 204.8 343 650 1202 982 1800 3272 -79 -110 -166 2.8 37 98.6 36.1 97 206.6 349 660 1220 1010 1850 3362 -73 -100 -148 3.3 38 100.4 36.7 98 208.4 354 670 1238 1038 1900 3452 -68 -90 -130 3.9 39 102.2 37.2 99 210.2 360 680 1256 1066 1950 3542 -62 -80 -112 4.4 40 104.0 37.8 100 212.0 366 690 1274 1093 2000 3632 -57 -70 -94 5.0 41 105.8 43 110 230 371 700 1292 1121 2050 3722 -51 -60 -76 5.6 42 107.6 49 120 248 377 710 1310 1149 2100 3812 -46 -50 -58 6.1 43 109.4 54 130 266 382 720 1328 1177 2150 3902 -40 -40 -40 6.7 44 111.2 60 140 284 388 730 1346 1204 2200 3992 -34 -30 -22 7.2 45 113.0 66 150 302 393 740 1364 1232 2250 4082 -29 -20 -4 7.8 46 114.8 71 160 320 399 750 1382 1260 2300 4172 -23 -10 14 8.3 47 116.6 77 170 338 404 760 1400 1288 2350 4262 -17.8 0 32 8.9 48 118.4 82 180 356 410 770 1418 1316 2400 4352 9.4 49 120.2 88 190 374 416 780 1436 1343 2450 4442 10.0 50 122.0 93 200 392 421 790 1454 1371 2500 4532 10.6 51 123.8 99 210 410 427 800 1472 1399 2550 4622 11.1 52 125.6 100 212 413.6 432 810 1490 1427 2600 4712 11.7 53 127.4 104 220 428 438 820 1508 1454 2650 4802 12.2 54 129.2 110 230 446 443 830 1526 1482 2700 4892 12.8 55 131.0 116 240 464 449 840 1544 1510 2750 4982 13.3 56 132.8 121 250 482 454 850 1562 1538 2800 5072 13.9 57 134.6 127 260 500 460 860 1580 1566 2850 5162 5-1 Common Reference Information, Conversions, and Tables Table 5-1. Temperature Conversion(1) -459.4° to 0° 1° to 60° 61° to 290° 300° to 890° 900° to 3000° 14.4 58 136.4 132 270 518 466 870 1598 1593 2900 15.0 59 138.2 138 280 536 471 880 1616 1621 2950 5252 5342 15.6 60 140.0 143 290 554 477 890 1634 1649 3000 5432 (1) Locate temperature in middle column. If in degrees Celsius, read Fahrenheit equivalent in right hand column; if in degrees Fahrenheit, read Celsius equivalent in left hand column. Table 5-2. Pressure Conversion(1) PSI KPA Inches(2) H2 O mmH2O Inches(3) Hg mm Hg Bars m Bars Kg/cm2 gm/cm2 PSI 1 6.8948 27.7620 705.1500 2.0360 51.7149 0.0689 68.9470 0.0703 70.3070 KPA 0.1450 1 4.0266 102.2742 0.2953 7.5006 0.0100 10.0000 0.0102 10.197 inH2O* 0.0361 0.2483 1 25.4210 0.0734 1.8650 0.0025 2.4864 0.0025 2.5355 mmH2O 0.0014 0.0098 0.0394 1 0.0028 0.0734 0.0001 0.0979 0.00001 0.0982 from/to inHg** 0.4912 3.3867 13.6195 345.936 1 25.4000 0.0339 33.8639 0.0345 34.532 mm Hg 0.0193 0.1331 0.5362 13.6195 0.0394 1 0.0013 1.3332 0.0014 1.3595 Bars 14.5040 100.000 402.180 10215.0 29.5300 750.060 1 1000 1.0197 1019.72 0.0145 0.1000 0.4022 10.2150 0.0295 0.7501 0.001 1 0.0010 1.0197 2 14.2233 97.9047 394.408 10018.0 28.9590 735.559 0.9000 980.700 1 1000 2 0.0142 0.0979 0.3944 10.0180 0.0290 0.7356 0.0009 0.9807 0.001 1 m Bars Kg/cm gm/cm (1) EXAMPLE 1 mm Hg = 0.5362 inH2O = 1.3332 mBars 97 mm Hg = 97(0.5362) = 52.0114 inH 2O 97 mm Hg = 97(1.332) = 129.3204 mBars (2) at 60 °F (3) at 32 °F Table 5-3. Volume Conversion(1) from\to cm3 liter m 3 in 3 cm3 m3 liter 1 0.001 in3 -6 1⫻10 0.06102 yd3 fl oz fl pt fl qt gal gal(lmp.) bbl(oil) bbl(liq) 1.31⫻10-4 0.03381 0.00211 0.00106 2.64⫻10-4 2.20⫻10-4 6.29⫻10-6 8.39⫻10-6 1000 1 0.001 61.02 0.03532 0.00131 33.81 2.113 1.057 0.2642 0.2200 0.00629 0.00839 1000 1 6.10⫻104 35.31 1.308 3.38⫻104 2113 1057 264.2 220.0 6.290 8.386 16.39 -5 0.01639 1.64⫻10 2.83⫻10 28.32 0.02832 yd 7.65⫻105 764.5 0.7646 fl oz 29.57 0.02957 2.96⫻10-6 fl pt 473.2 0.4732 0.0463 9.46⫻10 3 3.53⫻10 -5 1⫻106 4 ft3 ft3 0.5541 0.03463 0.01732 0.00433 0.00360 1.03⫻10 1.37⫻10-4 0.03704 957.5 59.84 29.92 7.481 6.229 0.1781 0.2375 1 2.59⫻104 1616 807.9 202.0 168.2 4.809 6.412 0.00104 3.87⫻10-5 1 0.06250 0.03125 0.00781 0.00651 1.86⫻10-4 2.48⫻10-4 28.88 0.01671 6.19⫻10-4 16 1 0.5000 0.1250 0.1041 0.00298 0.00397 57.75 0.03342 0.00124 32 2 1 0.2500 0.2082 0.00595 0.00794 1 -4 -5 5.79⫻10 2.14⫻10 1728 1 4.67⫻104 27 1.805 4.73⫻10-4 -4 -4 fl qt 946.4 gal 3785 3.785 0.00379 231.0 0.1337 0.00495 128 8 4 1 0.8327 0.02381 0.03175 gal(lmp) 4546 4.546 0.00455 277.4 0.1605 0.00595 153.7 9.608 4.804 1.201 1 0.02859 0.03813 bbl(oil) 1.59⫻105 159.0 0.1590 9702 5.615 0.2079 5376 336 168 42 34.97 1 1.333 (1) 1 cord = 128 ft3 = 3.625 m 3 5-2 Rosemount Inc. Table 5-4. Flow Rate Conversion(1) from\to lit/sec gal/min ft3/sec ft3/min bbl/hr bbl/day lit/sec 1 15.85 0.03532 2.119 22.66 543.8 gal/min 0.06309 1 0.00223 0.1337 1.429 34.30 ft /sec 28.32 448.8 1 60 641.1 1.54 ⫻104 ft3/min 0.4719 7.481 0.01667 1 10.69 256.5 bbl/hr 0.04415 0.6997 0.00156 0.09359 1 24 bbl/day 0.00184 0.02917 6.50 ⫻10-5 0.00390 0.04167 1 3 (1) bbl refers to bbl oil = 42 gallons Table 5-5. Equivalents Linear Measure 1 micron _______________________________ 0.000001 meter 1 mm______________________________________ 0.03937 in. 1mm _______________________________________ 0.00328 ft 1 centimeter _________________________________ 0.3937 in. 1 inch _________________________________ 2.54 centimeters 1 inch _______________________________________ 25.4 mm 1 decimeter ___________________________________ 3.937 in. 1 decimeter __________________________________ 0.328 foot 1 foot _________________________________ 3.048 decimeters 1 foot ________________________________________ 30.48 cm 1 foot _______________________________________ 304.8 mm 1 meter ______________________________________ 39.37 in. 1 meter ____________________________________ 1.0936 yds 1 yard ___________________________________ 0.9144 meter 1 dekameter ________________________________1.9884 rods 1 rod _________________________________0.5029 dekameter 1 kilometer ________________________________ 0.62137 mile 1 mile ________________________________ 1.6093 kilometers Measure of Volume 1 cu centimeter ______________________________0.061 cu in. 1 cu inch __________________________________ 16.39 cu cm 1 cu decimeter______________________________ 0.0353 cu ft 1 cu foot____________________________28.317 cu decimeters 1 cu yard ______________________________ 0.7646 cu meters 1 stere ____________________________________ 0.2759 cord 1 cord ____________________________________ 3.264 steres 1 liter _____________________________________ 0.908 qt dry 1 liter ____________________________________ 1.0567 qts liq 1 quart dry__________________________________ 1.101 liters 1 quart liquid _______________________________ 0.9463 liters 1 dekaliter __________________________________2.6417 gals 1 dekaliter _________________________________ 1.135 pecks 1 gallon ________________________________ 0.3785 dekaliter 1 peck __________________________________ 0.881 dekaliter 1 hectoliter_______________________________ 2.8375 bushels 1 bushel________________________________0.3524 hectoliter Weights Square Measure 1 sq centimeter _____________________________ 0.1550 sq in. 1 sq centimeter _____________________________0.00108 sq ft 1 sq inch __________________________ 6.4516 sq centimeters 1 sq decimeter ______________________________ 0.1076 sq ft 1 sq ft ___________________________________ 929.03 sq cm 1 sq ft ___________________________________ 9.2903 sq dec 1 sq meter_________________________________ 1.196 sq yds 1 sq yard _______________________________ 0.8361 sq meter 1 acre _____________________________________160 sq rods 1 sq rod___________________________________0.00625 acre 1 hectare____________________________________ 2.47 acres 1 acre __________________________________ 0.4047 hectare 1 sq kilometer _____________________________ 0.386 sq mile 1 sq mile _____________________________ 2.59 sq kilometers Circumference of a circle ____________________________ 2 r Circumference of a circle ____________________________ d Area of a circle ____________________________________ r2 Area of a circle __________________________________ d2/4 1 gram __________________________________ 0.03527 ounce 1 ounce ___________________________________ 28.35 grams 1 kilogram _______________________________ 2.2046 pounds 1 pound ________________________________ 0.4536 kilogram 1 metric ton __________________________ 0.98421 English ton 1 English ton ____________________________ 1.016 metric ton 1 kg _____________________________________ 2.205 pounds 1 cu in. of water (60 °F)_____ 0.073551 cu in. of mercury (32 °F) 1 cu in. of mercury (32 °F) _______ 13.596 cu in. of water (60 °F) 1 cu in. of mercury (32 °F) __________________ 0.4905 pounds Velocity 1 ft/sec___________________________________ 0.3048 m/sec 1 m/sec ___________________________________3.2808 ft/sec Density 1 lb/cu in._____________________________ 27.68 gram/cu cm 1 gr/cu cm ______________________________0.03613 lb/cu in. 1 lb/cu ft________________________________16.0184 kg/cu m 1 kg/cu m________________________________0.06243 lb/cu ft 5-3 Common Reference Information, Conversions, and Tables Table 5-6. English to Metric System Conversion 1 To Convert from: 2 To: 3 Multiply by: To Convert Column 2 to Column 1 Multiply by: acre-feet cubic feet (cu ft) (US) cubic feet (cu ft) (US) cubic feet (cu ft) (US) cu ft/min cu ft/min cu ft/sec cubic inches (US) cubic inches (US) cubic inches (US) feet (US) feet (US) feet/min feet/min feet/min ft/sec2 gallons (US) gallons (US) gallons/min US gal/min US gal/sq ft/min grains (troy) grains (troy) grains/gal (US) grains/gal (US) inches (US) inches (US) miles (US) miles (US) miles/hr miles/hr miles/min ounces (avoirdupois) ounces (US fluid) ounces (US fluid) pounds (av) pounds (av)/sq in pounds (av) pounds (av) pounds/cu ft pounds/ft pounds/gal (US) pounds/gal (US) quart (US liq) quart (US liq) square feet (US) square feet (US) square inches (US) cubic meters cubic centimeters cubic meters liters cu cm/sec liters/sec liters/min cubic meters liters milliliters (ml) meters millimeters (mm) cm/sec kilometers/hr meters/min km/hr/sec cu cm (ml) liters liters/sec cu meters/hr cu meters/hr/sq meters grams milligrams (mg) grams/liter ppm centimeters (cm) millimeters (mm) kilometers (km) meters cm/sec meters/min kilometers/hr grams ml liters grams kgr/cm2 kilograms grains grams/l grams/cm grams/ml grams/liter ml liters sq cm sq meters sq cm 1233 28,317 0.0283 28.32 472 0.472 1699 1.64 ⫻ 10-5 0.0164 16.387 0.3048 304.8 0.508 1.829 ⫻ 10-2 0.305 1.0973 3785 3.785 0.063 0.227 2.45 0.0648 64.8 0.0171 17.1 2.54 25.4 1.609 1609 44.7 26.82 96.6 28.35 29.6 0.0296 453.6 0.071 0.4536 7000 16.02 14.88 0.12 119.8 946.4 0.946 929 0.0929 6.452 8.11 ⫻ 10-4 3.53 ⫻ 10-5 35.33 0.035 0.0021 2.119 5.886 ⫻ 10-4 61,024 61.024 0.0610 3.281 3.28 ⫻ 10-3 1.97 54.68 3.28 0.911 2.64 ⫻ 10-4 0.264 15.87 4.4 0.408 15.432 0.01543 58.417 0.0584 0.3937 0.0394 0.6215 6.214⫻ 10-4 0.0224 0.0373 1.03⫻ 10-2 0.0353 0.0338 33.81 0.0022 14.223 2.205 14.2⫻ 10-5 0.0624 0.067 8.345 8.34⫻ 10-3 0.001057 1.057 1.08⫻ 10-3 10.76 0.155 5-4 Rosemount Inc. Table 5-7. Decimal Equivalents 8ths 16ths 32nds 1/8 = 0.125 1/4 = 0.250 3/8 = 0.375 1/2 = 0.500 5/8 = 0.625 3/4 = 0.750 7/8 = 0.875 1/16 = 0.0625 3/16 = 0.1875 5/16 = 0.3125 7/16 = 0.4375 9/16 = 0.5625 11/16 = 0.6875 13/16 = 0.8125 15/16 = 0.9375 1/32 = 0.03125 3/32 = 0.09375 5/32 = 0.15625 7/32 = 0.21875 9/32 = 0.28125 11/32 = 0.34375 13/32 = 0.40625 15/32 = 0.46875 17/32 = 0.53125 19/32 = 0.59375 21/32 = 0.65625 23/32 = 0.71875 25/32 = 0.78125 27/32 = 0.84375 29/32 = 0.90625 31/32 = 0.96875 64ths 1/64 = 0.015625 3/64 = 0.046875 5/64 = 0.078125 7/64 = 0.109375 9/64 = 0.140625 11/64 = 0.171875 13/64 = 0.203125 15/64 = 0.234375 17/64 = 0.265625 19/64 = 0.296875 21/64 = 0.328125 23/64 = 0.359375 25/64 = 0.390625 27/32 = 0.421875 29/32 = 0.453125 31/64 = 0.484375 33/64 = 0.515625 35/64 = 0.546875 37/64 = 0.578125 39/64 = 0.609375 41/64 = 0.640625 43/64 = 0.671875 45/64 = 0.703125 47/64 = 0.734375 49/64 = 0.765625 51/64 = 0.796875 53/64 = 0.828125 55/64 = 0.859375 57/64 = 0.890625 59/64 = 0.921875 61/64 = 0.953125 63/64 = 0.984375 Table 5-8. Multiplications Factors Prefix Symbol Name Multiplication Factor atto femto pico nano micro milli centi deci uni deka hecto kilo mega giga tera a f p n m m c d one-quintillionth one-quadrillionth one-trillionth one-billionth one-millionth one-thousandth one-hundreth one-tenth one ten one hundred one thousand one million one billion one trillion 0.000 000 000 000 000 001 0.000 000 000 000 001 0.000 000 000 001 0.000 000 001 0.000 001 0.001 0.01 0.1 1.0 10.0 100.0 1 000.0 1 000 000.0 1 000 000 000.0 1 000 000 000 000.0 da h k M G T 10-18 10-15 10-12 10-9 10-6 10-3 10-2 10-1 100 101 102 103 106 109 1012 Table 5-9. Saturated Steam Table TOTAL HEAT IN B.T.U. PER LB. Pressure inches Hg at 32 °F Absolute Pressure Lbs./Sq. In. Temperature °F Cu. Ft./Lb. Sat. Vapor Sat. Liquid Evap. Sat. Vapor 1.02 2.03 4.06 6.09 10.15 15.3 20.3 28.5 29.92 0.5 1 2 3 5 7.5 10 14 14.696 80 101 126 142 162 180 193 209 212 642 334 174 119 74.0 50.3 38.4 28.0 26.8 47.60 69.69 93.97 109.33 130.10 147.81 161.13 177.55 180.00 1047.5 1035.3 1021.6 1012.7 1000.4 989.9 981.8 971.8 970.2 1095.1 1105.0 1115.6 1120.0 1130.6 1137.7 1143.0 1149.3 1150.2 5-5 Common Reference Information, Conversions, and Tables Table 5-10. Saturated Steam Table Gage Pressure Lbs. \ Sq. Inch 0.0 1.3 2.3 3.3 4.3 5.3 7.3 10.3 15.3 20.3 25.3 30.3 35.3 40.3 45.3 50.3 55.3 60.3 65.3 70.3 75.3 80.3 85.3 90.3 95.3 100.3 105.3 110.3 115.3 120.3 125.3 130.3 135.3 140.3 145.3 150.3 155.3 160.3 165.3 170.3 175.3 180.3 185.3 210.3 235.3 260.3 285.3 335.3 385.3 435.3 485.3 585.3 685.3 785.3 885.3 985.3 1235.3 1485.3 1985.3 5-6 TOTAL HEAT IN B.T.U. PER LB. Absolute Pressure Lbs./Sq. In. Temperature °F Cu. Ft./Lb. Sat. Vapor Sat. Liquid Evap. Sat. Vapor 14.696 16 17 18 19 20 22 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120 125 130 135 140 145 150 155 160 165 170 175 180 185 190 195 200 225 250 275 300 350 400 450 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1250 1500 2000 212 216 219 222 225 228 233 240 250 259 267 274 281 287 293 298 303 307 312 316 320 324 328 331 335 338 341 344 347 350 353 356 358 361 363 366 368 370 373 375 377 380 382 392 401 409 417 432 444 456 467 486 503 518 532 544 572 596 635 26.8 24.8 23.4 22.2 21.1 20.1 18.4 16.3 13.7 11.9 10.5 9.40 8.51 7.78 7.17 6.65 6.20 5.81 5.47 5.16 4.89 4.65 4.42 4.22 4.04 3.88 3.72 3.60 3.45 3.33 3.22 3.20 3.01 2.92 2.83 2.75 2.67 2.60 2.53 2.46 2.40 2.34 2.28 2.039 1.841 1.678 1.541 1.324 1.160 1.030 0.926 0.767 0.653 0.565 0.496 0.442 0.341 0.274 0.187 180.0 184.35 187.48 190.48 193.34 196.09 201.25 208.33 218.73 227.82 235.93 243.28 249.98 256.19 261.98 267.39 272.49 277.32 281.90 286.90 290.45 294.47 298.33 302.03 305.61 309.04 312.37 315.60 318.73 321.77 324.74 327.63 330.44 333.18 335.86 338.47 341.03 343.54 345.99 348.42 350.77 353.07 355.33 366.10 376.02 385.24 393.90 409.81 424.2 437.4 449.7 472.3 492.9 511.8 529.5 546.0 583.6 617.5 679.0 970.2 967.4 965.4 963.5 961.7 959.9 956.6 951.9 945.0 938.9 933.3 928.2 923.5 919.1 915.0 911.1 907.4 903.9 900.5 897.3 894.2 891.2 888.2 885.4 882.7 880.0 877.4 874.9 872.4 870.0 867.7 865.3 863.1 860.8 858.7 856.5 854.5 852.3 850.3 848.2 846.3 844.3 842.4 833.2 824.5 816.3 808.5 793.7 779.8 766.7 754.0 729.8 706.8 684.9 663.8 643.5 595.6 550.2 460.0 1150.2 1151.8 1152.9 1154.0 1155.0 1156.0 1157.8 1160.2 1163.7 1166.7 1169.2 1171.5 1173.5 1175.3 1177.0 1178.5 1179.9 1181.2 1182.4 1183.6 1184.6 1185.6 1186.6 1187.5 1188.3 1189.1 1189.8 1190.5 1191.2 1191.8 1192.4 1193.0 1193.5 1194.0 1194.5 1195.0 1195.4 1195.9 1196.3 1196.7 1197.0 1197.4 1197.8 1199.3 1200.5 1201.6 1202.4 1203.6 1204.1 1204.1 1203.7 1202.1 1199.7 1196.7 1193.3 1189.6 1179.2 1167.6 1139.0 Rosemount Inc. Table 5-10. Saturated Steam Table Gage Pressure Lbs. \ Sq. Inch TOTAL HEAT IN B.T.U. PER LB. Absolute Pressure Lbs./Sq. In. Temperature °F Cu. Ft./Lb. Sat. Vapor Sat. Liquid Evap. Sat. Vapor 2500 3000 3226 668 695 706 0.130 0.084 0.0522 742.8 823.1 925.0 352.8 202.5 0 1095.6 1025.6 925.0 2485.3 2985.3 3211.3 Table 5-11. Maximum Permissible ID and Minimum Wall in Accordance with ASTM A106 Pipe(1) Nominal Wall Thickness and Inside Diameters Outside Nominal Diam. Wall Pipe Size Max. I.D. Schedule 10 Schedule Schedule Standard 20 30 Weight Schedule 40 Schedule 60 Extra Strong Schedule 80 Schedule 100 Schedule 120 Schedule 140 Schedule 160 Dbl. Ext. Strong 1/8 0.421 Wall I.D. 0.060 0.302 0.060 0.302 0.083 0.254 0.083 0.254 1/4 0.556 Wall I.D. 0.077 0.402 0.077 0.402 0.110 0.335 0.110 0.335 3/8 0.691 Wall I.D. 0.080 0.531 0.080 0.531 0.110 0.470 0.110 0.470 1/2 0.856 Wall I.D. 0.095 0.665 0.095 0.665 0.129 0.598 0.129 0.598 0.164 0.528 0.257 0.341 3/4 1.066 Wall I.D. 0.099 0.868 0.099 0.868 0.135 0.796 0.135 0.796 0.191 0.684 0.270 0.527 1 1.331 Wall I.D. 0.116 1.098 0.116 1.098 0.157 1.017 0.157 1.017 0.219 0.893 0.313 0.704 11/4 1.676 Wall I.D. 0.123 1.431 0.123 1.431 0.167 1.341 0.167 1.341 0.219 1.238 0.334 1.007 1 1 /2 1.916 Wall I.D. 0.127 1.662 0.127 1.662 0.175 1.566 0.175 1.566 0.246 1.424 0.350 1.216 2 2.406 Wall I.D. 0.135 2.137 0.135 2.137 0.191 2.025 0.191 2.025 0.300 1.806 0.382 1.643 21/2 2.906 Wall I.D. 0.178 2.551 0.178 2.551 0.242 2.423 0.242 2.423 0.328 2.250 0.483 1.940 3 3.531 Wall I.D. 0.189 3.153 0.189 3.153 0.263 3.006 0.263 3.006 0.383 2.765 0.525 2.481 31/2 4.031 Wall I.D. 0.198 3.636 0.198 0.3636 0.278 3.475 0.278 0.3475 4 4.531 Wall I.D. 0.207 4.117 0.207 4.117 0.295 3.942 0.295 3.942 0.383 3.765 0.465 3.602 0.590 3.352 5 5.626 Wall I.D. 0.226 5.174 0.226 5.174 0.328 4.969 0.328 4.969 0.438 4.751 0.547 4.532 0.656 4.313 6 6.688 Wall I.D. 0.245 6.198 0.245 6.198 0.378 5.932 0.378 5.932 0.492 5.704 0.628 5.431 0.756 5.176 8 Wall I.D. 0.219 8.250 0.242 8.203 0.282 8.124 0.282 8.124 0.355 7.977 0.438 7.813 0.438 7.813 0.519 7.650 0.628 7.431 0.711 7.267 0.793 7.102 0.766 7.156 10 10.844 Wall I.D. 0.219 10.406 0.269 10.307 0.319 10.205 0.319 10.205 0.438 9.969 0.438 9.969 0.519 9.806 0.628 9.587 0.738 9.369 0.875 9.094 0.984 8.875 12 12.844 Wall I.D. 0.219 12.406 0.289 12.266 0.328 12.188 0.355 12.133 0.492 11.860 0.438 11.969 0.601 11.642 0.738 11.369 0.875 11.094 0.984 10.875 1.148 10.548 14 14.094 Wall I.D. 0.219 13.656 0.273 13.548 0.328 13.438 0.328 13.438 0.383 13.327 0.519 13.056 0.438 13.219 0.656 12.781 0.820 12.454 0.956 12.181 1.094 11.906 1.230 11.633 16 16.094 Wall I.D. 0.219 15.656 0.273 15.548 0.328 15.438 0.328 15.438 0.438 15.219 0.574 14.946 0.438 15.219 0.738 14.619 0.902 14.290 1.066 13.962 1.258 13.577 1.394 13.306 18 18.094 Wall I.D. 0.219 17.656 0.273 17.548 0.383 17.327 0.328 17.438 0.492 17.110 0.656 16.781 0.438 17.219 0.820 16.454 1.012 16.071 1.203 15.688 1.367 15.360 1.558 14.977 20 20.125 Wall I.D. 0.219 19.688 0.328 19.469 0.438 19.250 0.328 19.469 0.519 19.087 0.711 18.704 0.438 19.250 0.902 18.321 1.121 17.883 1.313 17.500 1.531 17.063 1.722 16.681 24 24.125 Wall I.D. 0.219 23.688 0.328 23.469 0.492 23.142 0.328 23.469 0.601 22.923 0.847 22.431 0.438 23.250 1.066 21.994 1.340 21.446 1.586 20.954 1.804 20.517 2.050 20.025 30 30.125 Wall I.D. 0.273 29.579 0.438 29.250 0.547 29.031 0.328 29.469 (1) O.D.—MAX. I.D.—MAX. 0.557 2.918 0.438 29.250 WALL—MIN. 5-7 Common Reference Information, Conversions, and Tables Table 5-12. Dimensions Of Welded And Seamless Pipe Carbon And Alloy Steel Nominal Wall Thickness And Inside Diameter Nominal Pipe Size Outside Diameter Wall Thickness Inside Diameter Schedule 5S* Schedule 10S* Schedule 40S Schedule 80S 1/8 0.405 1/4 0.540 3/8 0.675 1/2 0.840 3/4 1.050 1 1.315 11/4 1.660 11/2 1.900 2 2.375 21/2 2.875 3 3.500 31/2 4.000 4 4.500 5 5.563 6 6.625 8 8.625 10 10.750 12 12.750 14† 14.000 16† 16.000 18† 18.000 20† 20.000 24† 24.000 30† 30.000 Wall I.D. Wall I.D. Wall I.D. Wall I.D. Wall I.D. Wall I.D. Wall I.D. Wall I.D. Wall I.D. Wall I.D. Wall I.D. Wall I.D. Wall I.D. Wall I.D. Wall I.D. Wall I.D. Wall I.D. Wall I.D. Wall I.D. Wall I.D. Wall I.D. Wall I.D. Wall I.D. Wall I.D. – – – – – – 0.065 0.710 0.065 0.920 0.065 1.185 0.065 1.530 0.065 1.770 0.065 2.245 0.083 2.709 0.083 3.334 0.083 3.834 0.083 4.334 0.109 5.345 0.109 6.407 0.109 8.407 0.134 10.482 0.156 12.438 0.156 13.688 0.165 15.670 0.165 17.670 0.188 19.624 0.218 23.564 0.250 29.500 0.049 0.307 0.065 0.410 0.065 0.545 0.083 0.674 0.083 0.884 0.109 1.097 0.109 1.442 0.109 1.682 0.109 2.157 0.120 2.635 0.120 3.260 0.120 3.760 0.120 4.260 0.134 5.295 0.134 6.357 0.148 8.329 0.165 10.420 0.180 12.390 0.188 13.624 0.188 15.624 0.188 17.624 0.218 19.564 0.250 23.500 0.312 29.376 0.068 0.269 0.088 0.364 0.091 0.493 0.109 0.622 0.113 0.824 0.133 1.049 0.140 1.380 0.145 1.610 0.154 2.067 0.203 2.469 0.216 3.068 0.226 3.548 0.237 4.026 0.258 5.047 0.280 6.065 0.322 7.981 0.365 10.020 0.375** 12.000** – – – – – – – – – – – – 0.095 0.215 0.119 0.302 0.126 0.423 0.147 0.546 0.154 0.742 0.179 0.957 0.191 1.278 0.200 1.500 0.218 1.939 0.276 2.323 0.300 2.900 0.318 3.364 0.337 3.826 0.375 4.813 0.432 5.761 0.500 7.625 0.500** 9.750** 0.500** 11.750** – – – – – – – – – – – – 5-8 Rosemount Inc. NOTE All dimensions given for inches. The wall thicknesses shown represent nominal or average wall dimensions which are subject to 12.5% mill tolerance. Sizes 14” through 30” show dimensions commonly used in the industry. *Schedule 5S and 10S wall thicknesses do not permit threading in accordance with ASA B2.1. **Schedule 40S and schedule 80S in these sizes do not agree with schedule 40 and schedule 80 of ASA B36.10 and that they are identical to standard weight and extra strong respectively of ASA B36.10. † 5-9 Common Reference Information, Conversions, and Tables 5-10 Rosemount Inc. 8200 Market Boulevard Chanhassen, MN 55317 USA Tel 1-800-999-9307 Fax (952) 949-7001 © 2001 Rosemount, Inc. www.rosemount.com PR INT IN U. S. A. ED ¢00816-0200-30613¤ Product documentation available at... 00816-0200-3061, Rev. BA, 7/01 Fisher-Rosemount satisfies all obligations coming from legislation to harmonise product requirements in the European Union.
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