1 Dividerpgs CSG 552 2014 07 CDR CORRECTIONS

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ADULT CORRECTIONAL SYSTEMS

A Report Submitted to the

FISCAL AFFAIRS AND GOVERNMENT OPERATIONS COMMITTEE

Southern Legislative Conference Council of State Governments

2013

John D. Carpenter

Legislative Fiscal Officer

Prepared by:

Stephanie Blanchard, Fiscal Analyst

Louisiana Legislative Fiscal Office

John A. Alario, Jr., President

Louisiana Senate

Charles E. Kleckley, Speaker

Louisiana House of Representatives

This public document was published at a total cost of $369 ($3.69 per copy). 100 copies of this public document were published in this first

printing. This document was published for the Louisiana Legislative Fiscal Office, Post Office Box 44097, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70804 by the

Louisiana House of Representatives, Post Office Box 94062, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70804 in an effort to provide legislators, staff and the general

public with an accurate summary of Adult Correctional Systems Comparative Data for FY 13. This material was printed in accordance with the

standard for printing by state agencies established pursuant to R.S. 43.31.

ADULT CORRECTIONAL SYSTEMS

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PREFACE PAGES

INTRODUCTION AND METHODOLOGY

I. INMATE POPULATION TRENDS AND INCARCERATION RATES .............................................................. 1 - 7

II. PRISON AND JAIL CAPACITIES ............................................................................................................ 8 – 14

III. BUDGETARY ISSUES .......................................................................................................................... 15 - 19

IV. STAFFING PATTERNS AND SELECT INMATE CHARACTERISTICS ........................................................... 20 - 26

V. PROJECTED COSTS OF NEW PRISONS ................................................................................................... 27 - 29

VI. PROBATION AND PAROLE .................................................................................................................. 30 - 34

VII. REHABILITATION ............................................................................................................................... 35 – 36

VIII. PRISON INDUSTRIES ........................................................................................................................... 37 - 39

IX. PRIVATIZATION ................................................................................................................................. 40 - 42

TABLE OF CONTENTS

(CONTINUED)

PAGES

X. STATE PROFILES

ALABAMA ......................................................................................................................................... 43 - 48

ARKANSAS ........................................................................................................................................ 49 - 54

FLORIDA ........................................................................................................................................... 55 - 60

GEORGIA ........................................................................................................................................... 61 - 64

KENTUCKY ........................................................................................................................................ 65 - 69

LOUISIANA ........................................................................................................................................ 70 - 75

MISSISSIPPI ........................................................................................................................................ 76 - 79

MISSOURI ......................................................................................................................................... 80 - 84

NORTH CAROLINA ............................................................................................................................. 85 - 89

OKLAHOMA ....................................................................................................................................... 90 - 94

SOUTH CAROLINA .............................................................................................................................. 95 - 99

TENNESSEE ....................................................................................................................................... 100 - 104

TEXAS ............................................................................................................................................... 105 - 111

VIRGINIA .......................................................................................................................................... 112 - 116

WEST VIRGINIA ................................................................................................................................ 117 - 120

INTRODUCTION AND METHODOLOGY

INTRODUCTION

This report is part of a series of annual comparative data reports presented to the Fiscal

Affairs and Government Operations Committee of the Southern Legislative Conference.

The report includes a summary of key findings and statistical tables based upon a

questionnaire distributed to each member state in October 2013.

Many thanks to the legislative staff and correctional agency staff who provided the

requested information. Thanks also to several co-workers who assisted with the

preparation of this report: John Carpenter, Evan Brasseaux, Travis McIlwain and Willie

Scott.

Stephanie Blanchard

Fiscal Analyst

Louisiana Legislative Fiscal Office

P. O. Box 44097

Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70804

Phone (225) 342-7233

Fax (225) 342-7243

METHODOLOGY

The purpose of this report is to provide legislators and staff in each state with a

reference document that can be used to compare Corrections Programs in a particular

state to others throughout the southern region.

A questionnaire was sent to each of the 15 states in the Southern Legislative Conference.

The information reported in this survey is taken directly from the returned surveys, unless

noted. In addition to group reporting of like data, selected data from the states has been

compiled into a “Corrections State Profile” for each state. These include, but are not

limited to, selected characteristics of adult inmates and major state initiatives.

It should be noted that although identical surveys were sent to each state, there might

be certain inconsistencies due to differences in interpretation of corrections data. We

have attempted to adjust these inconsistencies when making comparisons among states.

To the best of our ability this has been done with each state’s prior approval.

All fifteen SLC states responded to the survey.

NOTE: For purposes of this report “N/A” denotes that the requested information was not

provided or was not available for reporting.

INMATE POPULATION TRENDS AND

INCARCERATION RATES

The inmate population housed in state correctional facilities throughout the Southern Legislative

Conference region decreased by 3,842 or approximately 0.7% from July 1, 2012 to July 1, 2013. The

rate of change for each state varied widely; from a 3.4% increase in Louisiana to a 5.5% decrease in

Georgia. A region-wide yearly trend summary of the change of inmates housed in state correctional

systems as of July 1 of each year is presented below. (The significant increase in this table in 1994

reflects the addition of Missouri to the Southern Legislative Conference and a decrease in 2009 reflects

the departure of Maryland from the Southern Legislative Conference.) Note: These numbers have been

revised where noted based on adjustments provided by the member states.

Table 1

Year

Number of Inmates (in

state facilities)

% Increase/

Decrease

1-Jul-93 325,232

1-Jul-94 352,768 8.5%

1-Jul-95 411,746 16.7%

1-Jul-96 444,952 8.1%

1-Jul-97 465,879 4.7%

1-Jul-98 485,399 4.2%

1-Jul-99 508,043 4.7%

1-Jul-00 518,361 2.0%

1-Jul-01 523,683 1.0%

1-Jul-02 534,909 2.1%

1-Jul-03 549,493 2.7%

1-Jul-04 561,007 2.1%

1-Jul-05 569,747 1.6%

1-Jul-06 580,757 1.9%

1-Jul-07 591,261 1.8%

1-Jul-08 606,223 2.5%

1-Jul-09 586,388 0.5%

1-Jul-10 582,961 -0.6%

1-Jul-11 585,804 0.6%

1-Jul-12 580,909 -0.8%

1-Jul-13 577,067 -0.7%

Between 2003 and 2013 the resident population of the 15 state Southern Legislative Conference region

increased from 108.9 million to 116.9 million, a 7.4% increase. During the same time period, the

number of SLC state inmates (including state inmates housed in local jails) increased by 6.4% from

591,928 to 629,955. The incarceration rate in the SLC region, which is the number of inmates per

100,000 inhabitants, decreased from 549.9 in 2003 to 538.8 in 2013 and was above the U.S.

incarceration rate, which decreased from 499.6 in 2003 to 496.8 in 2013. The SLC states’

incarceration rate remains above the U.S.

Table 2

YEAR

SLC Total Population

(thousands)

U.S.

Population*

(thousands)

SLC Total

State

Inmates

(incl. jails)

U.S.

Inmates**

in Prisons

SLC State

Inmates/

100,000

Pop.

U.S.

Inmates/

100,000

Pop.

2003 108,862 290,810 591,928 1,440,655 549.9 499.6

2013 116,925 316,129 629,955 1,570,400 538.8 496.8

% Increase 7.4% 8.7% 6.4% 9.0% -2.0% -0.6%

*Population figures as of July 1, 2013. Source: Population Division, U.S. Census Bureau

**U.S. figures as of December 31, 2012. Source: Bureau of Justice Statistics, Prison Inmates at Midyear

2003 figures are those used in the 2004 SLC Report

The number of state inmates housed in local jails in the SLC accounts for 6.4% of the total inmate

population of 629,955 housed in both state facilities and local jails. As of July 1, 2013, there were

52,888 state inmates housed in local jails. Thirteen states surveyed provided projections of the growth

of their inmate populations housed in state facilities to the year 2018. These states expect varying

increases from 2013 to 2018 in the number of inmates with an expected SLC decrease of 3.0% in the

adult inmate population. Seven states projected inmate populations to the year 2023. Predicted

changes during the ten-year period range from an 11.7% decrease in Louisiana to a 71.1% increase in

Kentucky.

Table 3

Rank

Inmate Population (a) Inmates per in Inmate Population Change

STATE 1-Jul-12 1-Jul-13 100,000 Pop. (b) SLC 09 to 10 10 to 11 11 to 12 12 to 13

ALABAMA 26,738 26,618 550.7 5 1.0% -0.4% 0.6% -0.4%

ARKANSAS 14,076 14,089 476.1 8 5.0% 2.0% -0.7% 0.1%

FLORIDA 100,527 100,884 516.0 7 1.3% 0.1% -1.7% 0.4%

GEORGIA 58,466 55,245 552.9 4 -3.3% 2.0% 9.6% -5.5%

KENTUCKY 12,738 12,663 288.1 15 -8.0% 4.1% -7.9% -0.6%

LOUISIANA 19,582 20,241 437.6 10 -2.2% -4.2% 2.2% 3.4%

MISSISSIPPI 23,147 23,550 787.3 1 -2.9% 0.4% 3.0% 1.7%

MISSOURI 31,028 31,408 519.6 6 -0.2% 1.2% 0.9% 1.2%

NORTH CAROLINA 38,385 37,469 380.5 11 -1.8% 2.3% -6.4% -2.4%

OKLAHOMA 25,388 25,904 672.7 2 2.9% -1.6% 1.4% 2.0%

SOUTH CAROLINA 22,161 22,168 464.3 9 -0.3% -4.5% -4.9% 0.0%

TENNESSEE 19,898 20,455 314.9 13 4.0% 1.1% -1.2% 2.8%

TEXAS 153,641 150,931 570.7 3 -0.5% 1.3% -1.8% -1.8%

VIRGINIA 29,935 30,087 364.2 12 -6.7% 0.9% -6.8% 0.5%

WEST VIRGINIA 5,199 5,355 288.8 14 1.6% 1.2% 1.0% 3.0%

TOTAL 580,909 577,067 493.5 -0.7% 0.6% -0.8% -0.7%

(a) Incarceration rates shown are for inmates in state facilities only.

For total incarceration rates see table "State Inmates in State and Local Jails."

(b) Population data from U.S. Census Bureau, Population Division.

ADULT INMATE POPULATION HOUSED IN STATE CORRECTIONAL FACILITIES

Table 4

GROWTH OF ADULT

INMATE POPULATION HOUSED IN STATE FACILITIES

2003 to 2013

Inmate Population Total Increase Percent

STATE 1-Jul-03 (a) 1-Jul-13 2003-2013 Increase

ALABAMA 26,603 26,618 15 0.1%

ARKANSAS 11,730 14,089 2,359 20.1%

FLORIDA 77,272 100,884 23,612 30.6%

GEORGIA 47,111 55,245 8,134 17.3%

KENTUCKY 12,286 12,663 377 3.1%

LOUISIANA 19,770 20,241 471 2.4%

MISSISSIPPI 17,743 23,550 5,807 32.7%

MISSOURI 30,283 31,408 1,125 3.7%

NORTH CAROLINA 33,583 37,469 3,886 11.6%

OKLAHOMA 22,583 25,904 3,321 14.7%

SOUTH CAROLINA 23,279 22,168 -1,111 -4.8%

TENNESSEE 19,146 20,455 1,309 6.8%

TEXAS 148,701 150,931 2,230 1.5%

VIRGINIA 31,867 30,087 -1,780 -5.6%

WEST VIRGINIA 3,748 5,355 1,607 42.9%

TOTAL 525,705 577,067 51,362 9.8%

(a) As reported in 2003 survey and revised according to updated figures from the SLC states.

Table 5

20,000

40,000

60,000

80,000

100,000

120,000

140,000

160,000

WV AR KY MS TN LA SC OK AL MO NC VA GA FL TX

GROWTH OF INMATE POPULATION

(STATE FACILITIES ONLY, 2003-2013)

1-Jul-03

1-Jul-13

Table 6

-10.0%

-5.0%

0.0%

5.0%

10.0%

15.0%

20.0%

25.0%

30.0%

35.0%

40.0%

45.0%

VASCALTXLAKYMOTNSLC

AVG

NCOKGAARFLMSWV

PERCENT INCREASE IN INMATE POPULATION

(STATE FACILITIES ONLY, 2003-2013)

9.8%

Table 7

PROJECTED ADULT INMATE POPULATION (State Facilities)

Projected Percent of Increase

STATE 1-Jul-13 2018 2023 2013 to 2018 2013 to 2023

ALABAMA 26,618 38,000 42,558 42.8% 59.9%

ARKANSAS 14,089 16,391 17,070 16.3% 21.2%

FLORIDA 100,884 105,623 N/A 4.7% N/A

GEORGIA (b) 55,245 N/A N/A N/A N/A

KENTUCKY 12,663 21,722 21,670 71.5% 71.1%

LOUISIANA (c) 41,464 37,282 36,625 -10.1% -11.7%

MISSISSIPPI 23,550 24,550 24,846 4.2% 5.5%

MISSOURI 31,408 32,826 33,921 4.5% 8.0%

NORTH CAROLINA 37,469 39,291 N/A 4.9% N/A

OKLAHOMA 25,904 27,862 29,250 7.6% 12.9%

SOUTH CAROLINA (b) 22,168 N/A N/A N/A N/A

TENNESSEE 20,455 32,723 N/A 60.0% N/A

TEXAS 150,931 156,877 N/A 3.9% N/A

VIRGINIA 30,087 38,318 N/A 27.4% N/A

WEST VIRGINIA 5,355 8,893 N/A 66.1% N/A

TOTAL (a) 598,290 580,358 205,940 -3.0% -65.6%

(a) These figures only reflect reporting states and do not reflect the SLC total.

(b) Georgia and South Carolina do not do projections on populations.

(c) Louisiana's population includes state prisoners in local jails and projected figures are for 2018 and 2023, respectively.

PRISON AND JAIL CAPACITIES

On July 1, 2013, the inmate population exceeded or equaled the maximum design

capacity of the state correctional facilities in five of the fifteen states reporting. The

percent of capacity ranged from 86% in North Carolina to 199% in Alabama, with the

capacity for the region at 95%.

States were asked to report the percentage of inmates housed in various levels of

security. The levels ranged from one to three and consist of the following:

• A Level One institution is an institution with maximum-security inmates (extended

lockdown and working cell blocks).

• A Level Two institution consists of medium-security inmates (working cell blocks).

• A Level Three institution contains minimum-security inmates only.

Of the inmates in state prisons, 22.4% are in Level One institutions, 44.7% are in Level

Two institutions, 17.5% are in Level Three institutions, 2.9% are in Community Based

Centers, and 12.5% are in other settings (excluding local jails).

Of the fifteen states surveyed, ten confined inmates in local jails. The shifting of inmates

to the local level has caused some jails to house inmates in excess of designed capacities.

Table 8

Total State

STATE INMATES Inmates Per Rank

Total 100,000 in

STATE State Facilities Local Jails State Inmates Pop.* SLC

ALABAMA 26,618 2,151 28,769 595.2 4

ARKANSAS 14,089 667 14,756 498.6 9

FLORIDA 100,884 0 100,884 516.0 8

GEORGIA 55,245 0 55,245 552.9 6

KENTUCKY 12,663 6,948 19,611 446.2 13

LOUISIANA 20,241 21,223 41,464 896.4 1

MISSISSIPPI 23,550 1,922 25,472 851.6 2

MISSOURI 31,408 0 31,408 519.6 7

NORTH CAROLINA 37,469 0 37,469 380.5 15

OKLAHOMA 25,904 634 26,538 689.2 3

SOUTH CAROLINA 22,168 342 22,510 471.4 10

TENNESSEE 20,455 9,895 30,350 467.2 11

TEXAS 150,931 0 150,931 570.7 5

VIRGINIA 30,087 7,365 37,452 453.4 12

WEST VIRGINIA 5,355 1,741 7,096 382.7 14

TOTAL 577,067 52,888 629,955 538.8

* Population data from U.S. Census Bureau, Population Division.

STATE INMATES HOUSED IN STATE AND LOCAL JAILS

(As of July 1, 2013)

Table 9

050,000100,000150,000200,000

TX

FL

GA

LA

NC

VA

MO

TN

AL

OK

MS

SC

KY

AR

WV

150,931

100,884

55,245

41,464

37,469

37,452

31,408

30,350

28,769

26,538

25,472

22,510

19,611

14,756

7,096

TOTAL STATE INMATES

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Table 10

POPULATION AND CAPACITY OF STATE CORRECTIONAL FACILITIES

(As of July 1, 2013)

Maximum

Inmate Design Percent of

STATE Population Capacity Capacity

ALABAMA 26,618 13,403 199%

ARKANSAS 14,089 13,472 105%

FLORIDA 100,884 114,722 88%

GEORGIA 55,245 60,658 91%

KENTUCKY 12,663 12,167 104%

LOUISIANA (a) 20,241 20,451 99%

MISSISSIPPI 23,550 25,861 91%

MISSOURI 31,408 31,156 101%

NORTH CAROLINA 37,469 43,417 86%

OKLAHOMA 25,904 25,846 100%

SOUTH CAROLINA 22,168 23,874 93%

TENNESSEE 20,455 22,058 93%

TEXAS 150,931 161,168 94%

VIRGINIA (b) 30,087 31,184 96%

WEST VIRGINIA 5,355 5,390 99%

TOTAL 577,067 604,827 95%

(a) Louisiana includes 2,960 private prison beds

(b) Virginia includes 1,561 private prison beds

Table 11

DISTRIBUTION OF ADULT INMATE POPULATION BY TYPE OF INSTITUTION

(As of July 1, 2013)

Level One Level Two Level Three Community Based Other

STATE* Inmates % Inmates % Inmates % Inmates % Inmates % Total

ALABAMA 8,152 30.6% 12,595 47.3% 396 1.5% 4,232 15.9% 1,243 4.7% 26,618

ARKANSAS 5,791 41.1% 7,653 54.3% 0 0.0% 645 4.6% 0 0.0% 14,089

FLORIDA 4,449 4.4% 92,978 92.2% 0 0.0% 3,457 3.4% 0 0.0% 100,884

GEORGIA N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 55,245 100.0% 55,245

KENTUCKY 1,584 12.5% 7,296 57.6% 2,160 17.1% 1,509 11.9% 114 0.9% 12,663

LOUISIANA 10,189 50.3% 7,690 38.0% 522 2.6% 1,538 7.6% 302 1.5% 20,241

MISSISSIPPI 4,126 17.5%11,037 46.9% 3,610 15.3% 1,495 6.3% 3,282 13.9% 23,550

MISSOURI 14,899 47.4% 10,661 33.9% 5,848 18.6% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 31,408

NORTH CAROLINA 7,260 19.4% 17,533 46.8% 10,644 28.4% 30 0.1% 2,002 5.3% 37,469

OKLAHOMA 1,779 6.9% 10,908 42.1% 8,287 32.0% 3,582 13.8% 1,348 5.2% 25,904

SOUTH CAROLINA 7,417 33.5% 9,904 44.7% 2,989 13.5% 0 0.0% 1,858 8.4% 22,168

TENNESSEE 8,557 41.8% 11,898 58.2% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 20,455

TEXAS 48,573 32.2% 44,449 29.4% 57,909 38.4% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 150,931

VIRGINIA 5,156 17.1% 10,812 35.9% 7,791 25.9% 0 0.0% 6,328 21.0% 30,087

WEST VIRGINIA 1,477 27.6% 2,674 49.9% 587 11.0% 494 9.2% 123 2.3% 5,355

TOTAL/Average % 129,409 22.4% 258,088 44.7% 100,743 17.5% 16,982 2.9% 71,845 12.5% 577,067

*NOTES:

Alabama "other" includes in-transient, records monitor, and leased beds.

Georgia levels are combined at each facility.

Kentucky "other" represents those not yet classified.

Louisiana "other" represents Adult Reception & Diagnostic Center Inmates.

Mississippi "other" represents house arrest and earned release supervision

North Carolina "other" includes safe keepers, unassigned custody, or missing data.

Oklahoma "other" represents those inmates who are not considered in custody but under jurisdiction (jail, court, hospital, escapees, interstate compacts, and GPS).

South Carolina "other" includes psychiatric hospital, infirmary, R&E and authorizes absences.

Virginia's Dept. of Corrections has a six level classification system. Levels 4, 5, and 6 were placed in Other, which also includes protective custody, death row, hearing impaired, and

unassigned.

West Virginia "other" includes receiving/intake inmates.

Table 12

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Total

Local Jail Max. Design Percent of No. of State

STATE Population Capacity Capacity Inmates Inmate Day Inmate Year

ALABAMA (a) unknown unknown N/A 2,151 $1.75 $639

ARKANSAS (b) unknown unknown N/A 667 $20.00 $7,300

FLORIDA (c) 54,932 N/A N/A 0 $0 $0

GEORGIA 0 0 0 0 $0 $0

KENTUCKY 17,144 19,695 87.0% 6,948 $31.34 $11,439

LOUISIANA (d) 37,471 45,118 83.1% 21,223 $24.39 $8,902

MISSISSIPPI (e) 1,922 1,872 102.7% 1,922 $20.50 $7,483

MISSOURI 0 N/A N/A 0 $0 $0

NORTH CAROLINA 0 N/A N/A 0 $0 $0

OKLAHOMA (f) unknown N/A N/A 634 $41.20 $15,038

SOUTH CAROLINA 12,494 12,134 103.0% 342 $0 $0

TENNESSEE (g) 28,562 32,530 87.8% 9,895 $50.54 $18,447

TEXAS 67,543 94,931 71.1% 0 $0 $0

VIRGINIA (h) 28,967 21,850 132.6% 7,365 $12.00 $4,380

WEST VIRGINIA N/A N/A N/A 1,741 $48.50 $17,703

Total 249,035 228,130 52,888

Average $27.80 $10,148

(a) Capacities are determined by local authorities. State Finance Department (not AL DOC) pays the flat rate reimbursement set by the legislature.

(b) Flat rate of $28 for county jail backup and $12 per day on contracted jail beds.

(d) All facilities are reimbursed at a flat rate of $24.39 per day except for Work Release Facilities which are reimbursed at $16.39 for non-contract

programs and $12.25 for contract programs, and 2 parishes who earn an additional $7 per inmate per day through approved cooperative

endeavors to provide and capitalize additional beds for the state. All parishes are also eligible to have approved extraordinary medical expenses

reimbursed. Orleans Parish is also reimbursed an additional per diem of $2 for medical expenses for state inmates, $7 for all inmates served by their

mental health unit and $3 per day for the Intensive Incarceration and Parole Supervision Program.

(e) Population and capacity of approved jails represents the allotment of beds for state inmates.

(f) Oklahoma has 634 offenders in their jurisdiction and 1,845 waiting in county jails that have not been taken into custody but are under DOC jurisdiction.

(g) TN counties that contract with TDOC receive a contract fixed rate, fixed rate, contract reasonable allowable, or resolution allowable.

(h) The Commonwealth of Virginia does not designate a "maximum designed bed capacity for local jails." All jails have a certified rated operating capacity

as determined by square foot measurements of cell, dayroom and dormitory housing areas. Per 2013 Virginia Acts of Assembly, "The Compensation Board

shall provide payment to any locality with an average daily jail population of under ten in FY 95 an inmate per diem rate of $22 per day for local responsible

inmates and $28 per day for state responsible inmates held in these jails in lieu of personal service costs for correctional officers."

STATE PAYMENT PER

Table 13

UTILIZATION OF LOCAL JAILS

(as of July 1, 2013)

BUDGETARY ISSUES

Over the last 10 years expenditures in the region have increased 32.57%. With all 15

states reporting, the system wide average annual operating cost of housing an inmate in

an institution was $19,439. Expenditures varied by type of confinement unit. The annual

average cost of housing an inmate in a local jail was $10,148 (see previous Utilization of

Local Jails table) as compared to $21,757 in a state-operated Level One institution,

$19,503 in a Level Two type institution, $19,116 in a Level Three type institution,

$17,955 in Community Based type programs, and $15,386 in other institutional settings.

Note: These costs reflect only those services budgeted for and provided by the

respective corrections agencies.

Additionally, the system wide average cost per inmate per day for the southern states

was $54.92 per inmate per day with North Carolina spending the most at $75.54 per

inmate per day and Louisiana spending the least at $36.59 per inmate per day. North

Carolina spent the most on adult corrections per capita ($140.14), while Kentucky spent

the least ($65.29).

Table 14

Actual Projected

Actual Corrections Corrections Percent Increase

Corrections Expenditures Expenditures Expenditures FY 03 to FY 08 to

STATE FY 03 (a) FY 08 (a) FY 13 FY 14 FY 13 FY 13

ALABAMA $274,300 $417,600 $432,500 $476,800 57.67% 3.57%

ARKANSAS $201,949 $285,665 $320,227 $325,892 58.57% 12.10%

FLORIDA $1,726,497 $2,328,296 $2,056,683 $2,133,415 19.12% -11.67%

GEORGIA $978,835 $1,161,929 $1,190,138 $1,145,892 21.59% 2.43%

KENTUCKY $192,604 $285,533 $286,967 $278,769 48.99% 0.50%

LOUISIANA $438,759 $547,789 $543,746 $500,812 23.93% -0.74%

MISSISSIPPI $276,714 $348,089 $360,303 $383,165 30.21% 3.51%

MISSOURI $489,989 (b) $877,780 (b) $712,987 $742,880 45.51% -18.77%

NORTH CAROLINA $906,148 $1,311,472 $1,380,087 $1,343,900 52.30% 5.23%

OKLAHOMA $434,506 $535,263 $523,438 $520,875 20.47% -2.21%

SOUTH CAROLINA $282,200 $341,586 $377,142 $389,818 33.64% 10.41%

TENNESSEE $475,607 $623,064 $835,712 $948,442 75.71% 34.13%

TEXAS $2,489,504 $2,897,350 $3,105,856 $3,187,938 24.76% 7.20%

VIRGINIA $831,499 $1,025,080 $1,026,839 $1,057,512 23.49% 0.17%

WEST VIRGINIA $63,223 $139,540 $187,065 $192,677 195.88% 34.06%

TOTAL $10,062,334 $13,126,036 $13,339,690 $13,628,787 32.57% 1.63%

(a) As reported in the 2013 survey.

(b) Years prior to 2011 do not include fringe benefits.

ADULT CORRECTIONS OPERATING BUDGETS

(in thousands of dollars)

Table 15

System Wide Annual System Wide

Level Level Level Community Operating Cost Average Cost

STATE One Two Three Based Other Per Inmate Per inmate Day

ALABAMA N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A $15,803 $41.46

ARKANSAS $22,027 $20,718 $20,357 N/A N/A $22,969 $62.93

FLORIDA N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A $17,338 $47.50

GEORGIA N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

KENTUCKY $16,673 $18,856 $27,820 $12,406 $1,110 $18,940 $59.31

LOUISIANA $21,388 $16,619 $416 $0 $8,466 $13,354 $36.59

MISSISSIPPI $12,501 $13,122 $18,765 $0 $0 $15,381 $42.14

MISSOURI $21,177 $20,575 $21,590 $0 $24,258 $20,736 $56.81

NORTH CAROLINA $33,317 $27,674 $24,042 N/A N/A $27,572 $75.54

OKLAHOMA $31,758 $14,662 $13,960 $14,846 $14,128 $15,213 $41.68

SOUTH CAROLINA $15,098 $13,546 $14,821 $12,600 N/A $14,219 $45.32

TENNESSEE $32,176 $22,121 N/A N/A N/A N/A $64.72

TEXAS $16,539 $17,184 $18,946 N/A N/A $17,624 $48.15

VIRGINIA $19,239 $24,798 $27,603 $32,137 $0 $27,112 $74.28

WEST VIRGINIA $19,188 $24,164 $21,961 $17,784 $28,967 $26,448 $72.50

AVERAGE (b) $21,757 $19,503 $19,116 $17,955 $15,386 $19,439 $54.92

(a) Annual operating costs include those attributed to each corrections department. Expenditures associated with non-corrections

budget units for inmate support are not included (i.e. headquarters, capital outlay, or probation and parole).

(b) Average calculation includes only those states that provided cost data.

Note: A Level One Institution is an institution with maximum security inmates (extended lockdown and working cell blocks), medium and minimum security inmates.

A Level Two Institution consists of maximum security inmates (working cell blocks), medium and minimum security inmates or an institution with medium and

minimum security inmates. A Level Three Institution contains minimum security inmates only.

ANNUAL OPERATING COST PER INMATE BY TYPE OF INSTITUTION (a)

(FY 13 Actual)

Table 16

$75.54

$74.28

$72.50

$64.72

$62.93

$59.31

$56.81

$54.92

$48.15

$47.50

$45.32

$42.14

$41.68

$41.46

$36.59

0.00 10.00 20.00 30.00 40.00 50.00 60.00 70.00 80.00

NC

VA

WV

TN

AR

KY

MO

SLC

TX

FL

SC

MS

OK

AL

LA

SYSTEM WIDE AVERAGE OPERATING COST PER INMATE DAY

Table 17

Adult Corrections

Expenditures Total State Expenditures Expenditures

FY 13 Inmates Per Inmate Population Per Capita

STATE (in thousands of dollars) FY 13* FY 13 Rank Est. 7/1/13 FY 13 Rank

ALABAMA $432,500 28,769 $15,034 12 4,833,722 $89.48 13

ARKANSAS $320,227 14,756 $21,701 6 2,959,373 $108.21 10

FLORIDA $2,056,683 100,884 $20,387 9 19,552,860 $105.19 11

GEORGIA $1,190,138 55,245 $21,543 7 9,992,167 $119.11 6

KENTUCKY $286,967 19,611 $14,633 13 4,395,295 $65.29 15

LOUISIANA $543,746 41,464 $13,114 15 4,625,470 $117.55 8

MISSISSIPPI $360,303 25,472 $14,145 14 2,991,207 $120.45 5

MISSOURI $712,987 31,408 $22,701 5 6,044,171 $117.96 7

NORTH CAROLINA $1,380,087 37,469 $36,833 1 9,848,060 $140.14 1

OKLAHOMA $523,438 26,538 $19,724 10 3,850,568 $135.94 2

SOUTH CAROLINA $377,142 22,510 $16,754 11 4,774,839 $78.99 14

TENNESSEE $835,712 30,350 $27,536 2 6,495,978 $128.65 3

TEXAS $3,105,856 150,931 $20,578 8 26,448,193 $117.43 9

VIRGINIA $1,026,839 37,452 $27,417 3 8,260,405 $124.31 4

WEST VIRGINIA $187,065 7,096 $26,362 4 1,854,304 $100.88 12

TOTAL/AVERAGE $13,339,690 629,955 $21,176 116,926,612 $114.09

*State and Local Jail Inmates as of July 1, 2013.

Note: Expenditures are total operating expenditures for adult corrections.

ADULT CORRECTIONS EXPENDITURES FOR SLC STATES

STAFFING PATTERNS AND SELECTED

INMATE CHARACTERISTICS

The states in the region were authorized employment of 107,530 security officers as of

July 1, 2013. Approximately 88.7% of those positions were filled. There was an average

of 6.0 inmates per filled security officer position in the region. State staffing patterns

varied from 3.3 inmates per filled security officer position in North Carolina to 16.2

inmates per filled officer position in Oklahoma. The average starting salary of a security

officer was $26,438, not including related benefits. Average training requirements were

228 hours of classroom work in the first year followed by 168 hours of on-the-job

training. States require an average of 37 hours of in-service training each year

thereafter.

For the year ending July 1, 2013, the states reported a total of 8,494 assaults on

inmates by other inmates and 4,133 assaults on staff. There were 45 inmate deaths and

0 staff deaths. A total of 112 inmates attempted escape from prison grounds and 6 of

those inmates remained at-large.

In addition, this section of the report includes a table for the violent incidents per 1,000

inmates and selected characteristics of adult inmates.

7DEOH 18

Correctional Officer State Inmate Average

Positions Percent Inmate to Filled Ratio Starting Salary

STATE Authorized Filled Filled Population Officer Rank Salaries Rank

2013 Ratio

ALABAMA 4,892 2,978 60.9% 26,618 8.9 13 $28,517 6

ARKANSAS 3,263 3,048 93.4% 14,089 4.6 4 $30,135 2

FLORIDA 16,743 14,992 89.5% 100,884 6.7 11 $31,045 1

GEORGIA 8,282 7,489 90.4% 55,245 7.4 12 $24,322 12

KENTUCKY 2,399 2,276 94.9% 12,663 5.6 5 $23,346 13

LOUISIANA (a) 3,127 3,031 96.9% 17,281 5.7 7 $24,357 11

MISSISSIPPI 2,374 2,015 84.9% 23,550 11.7 14 $22,006 15

MISSOURI 5,792 5,588 96.5% 31,408 5.6 6 $28,746 5

NORTH CAROLINA 12,320 11,334 92.0% 37,469 3.3 1 $28,826 4

OKLAHOMA 2,586 1,595 61.7% 25,904 16.2 15 $24,605 10

SOUTH CAROLINA 4,137 3,601 87.0% 22,168 6.2 9 $25,060 9

TENNESSEE 3,510 3,277 93.4% 20,455 6.2 10 $25,776 8

TEXAS 29,154 26,017 89.2% 150,931 5.8 8 $29,760 3

VIRGINIA 7,637 6,934 90.8% 30,087 4.3 2 $27,485 7

WEST VIRGINIA 1,314 1,159 88.2% 5,355 4.6 3 $22,584 14

TOTAL/AVERAGE 107,530 95,334 88.7% 574,107 6.0 $26,438

* Salary data is based on base annual salary and does not include retirement and other related benefits.

(a) Louisiana's Correctional Officer positions are for state run facilities; therefore, the inmate population was reduced by

2,960 inmates to reflect the inmates in 2 private institutions.

POSITIONS, STAFFING RATIOS, AND STARTING SALARIES *



(as of July 1, 2013)

Table 19

$31,045 

$30,135 

$29,760 

$28,826 

$28,746 

$28,517 

$27,485 

26,438

$25,776 

$25,060 

$24,605 

$24,357 

$24,322 

$23,346 

$22,584 

$22,006 

$0 $5,000 $10,000 $15,000 $20,000 $25,000 $30,000 $35,000 

FL

AR

TX

NC

MO

AL

VA

SLC AVG

TN

SC

OK

LA

GA

KY

WV

MS

CORRECTIONAL OFFICER STARTING SALARIES 



Hours of 1st Year of Employment In Service Average

STATE Classroom On-the-Job Total Each Year Turnover

Training Training Hours Thereafter Rate (%)

ALABAMA 480 96 576 32 16.0%

ARKANSAS 160 80 240 40 23.8%

FLORIDA 420 280 700 40 14.6%

GEORGIA 200 N/A 200 20 27.0%

KENTUCKY 120 N/A 120 40 29.0%

LOUISIANA 120 40 160 40 25.0%

MISSISSIPPI 200 160 360 40 49.8%

MISSOURI 160 80 240 30 16.2%

NORTH CAROLINA 200 80 280 44 14.4%*

OKLAHOMA 240 960 1200 40 22.8%

SOUTH CAROLINA 200 20 220 20 21.5%

TENNESSEE 160 160 320 40 32.0%

TEXAS 200 104 304 40 24.4%

VIRGINIA 440 80 520 44 16.6%

WEST VIRGINIA 120 40 160 40 20.0%

AVERAGE 228 168 373 37 22.6%

* Voluntary 12.02%, Involuntary 2.42%

Table 20

ADULT CORRECTIONAL OFFICER STATISTICS

(AS OF JULY 1, 2013)

Table 21

Assaults on Deaths of Escapes (a)

STATE* Inmates Staff Inmates Staff Attempted At-Large

No. Per 1,000 No. Per 1,000 No. Per 1,000 No. Per 1,000 No. Per 1,000 No. Per 1,000

ALABAMA 43 1.62 9 0.34 4 0.15 0 0.00 35 1.31 3 0.11

ARKANSAS 750 53.23 439 31.16 1 0.07 0 0.00 5 0.35 0 0.00

FLORIDA 1,175 11.65 268 2.66 14 0.14 0 0.00 4 0.04 0 0.00

GEORGIA 2,316 41.92 718 13.00 7 0.13 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00

KENTUCKY 218 17.22 132 10.42 1 0.08 0 0.00 5 0.39 0 0.00

LOUISIANA 22 1.09 4 0.20 0 0.00 0 0.00 3 0.15 0 0.00

MISSISSIPPI 602 25.56 372 15.80 0 0.00 0 0.00 1 0.04 0 0.00

MISSOURI 169 5.38 202 6.43 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00

NORTH CAROLINA 832 22.21 736 19.64 1 0.03 0 0.00 8 0.21 0 0.00

OKLAHOMA 297 11.47 83 3.20 2 0.08 0 0.00 20 0.77 0 0.00

SOUTH CAROLINA 326 14.71 368 16.60 1 0.05 0 0.00 13 0.59 0 0.00

TENNESSEE 443 21.66 704 34.42 2 0.10 0 0.00 4 0.20 0 0.00

TEXAS (b) 1,242 8.23 96 0.64 12 0.08 0 0.00 2 0.01 0 0.00

VIRGINIA 41 1.36 1 0.03 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00

WEST VIRGINIA 18 3.36 1 0.19 0 0.00 0 0.00 12 8.00 3 0.56

TOTAL 8,494 14.72 4,133 7.16 45 0.08 0 0.00 112 0.19 6 0.01

(a) Escapes from prison grounds.

(b) This is for calendar year 2012.

* State's definition of assault, when provided:

Arkansas defines assault as an attack that results in physical injury ranging from minor bruises or cuts needing no first aid to death or serious harm requiring

immediate hospitalization.

Louisiana defines assault as "with a weapon or with serious injury with or without a weapon."

Missouri defines assault as causing serious physical injury to another either with or without a weapon or through the use of any substance, instrument or

device which can cause physical injury, causing a person to come into contact with or throwing/projecting feces or bodily fluids, or subjecting an employee to

physical contact by kissing or touching the sexual parts.

North Carolina defines assault as with weapon, assault of inmate/another with sexual intent, assault inmate with throwing liquids, fight involving weapons.

South Carolina's assault is defined as an unlawful attempt or offer to commit a violent injury to another.

Texas defines serious assault as assault on staff or an offender that requires treatment beyond first aid.

West Virginia defines assault as resulting in serious injury.

VIOLENT INCIDENTS PER 1,000 INMATES 

(FY 2012-13)

Table 22

Avg. Age Avg. Avg. Time Race and Sex Distribution (b) # of Drug % of Drug

at Sentence Served % % % % % % Offenders Offenders

STATE Commitment (Yrs.) (Yrs.) White Black Hispanic Other Male Female

ALABAMA * 33.0 6.0 3.0 50.1% 49.3% -- 0.5% 86.0% 14.0% 3,067 10.7%

ARKANSAS 34.0 9.1 4.0 52.2% 44.2% 2.9% 0.7% 92.4% 7.6% 2,342 15.9%

FLORIDA 34.1 5.1 4.3 47.9% 47.9% 3.6% 0.4% 93.0% 7.0% 17,035 16.9%

GEORGIA 34.0 4.5 4.0 38.1% 57.8% 3.6% 10.0% 89.6% 10.4% 4,360 7.9%

KENTUCKY 33.0 6.4 2.7 71.3% 26.1% 1.4% 1.2% 90.2% 9.8% 12,980 66.2%

LOUISIANA * 32.7 5.6 2.4 31.3% 68.3% 0.2% 0.2% 94.4% 5.6% 9,802 23.6%

MISSISSIPPI 33.8 6.3 2.8 33.7% 65.3% 0.7% 0.3% 87.2% 12.8% 6,298 24.7%

MISSOURI 33.9 12.1 2.2 60.3% 37.2% 1.9% 0.6% 91.3% 8.7% 7,991 25.4%

NORTH CAROLINA 33.0 2.5 1.8 36.6% 55.6% -- 7.8% 93.3% 6.7% 4,887 13.0%

OKLAHOMA 34.2 7.0 2.5 53.9% 28.1% 7.7% 10.3% 89.8% 10.2% 9,727 36.7%

SOUTH CAROLINA 33.0 4.0 2.1 33.2% 63.9% 2.0% 0.9% 93.7% 6.3% 3,812 16.9%

TENNESSEE 33.8 5.4 5.3 52.4% 45.1% 2.1% 0.4% 91.4% 8.6% 3,011 9.9%

TEXAS 34.0 6.5 4.3 31.5% 35.1% 32.9% 0.5% 92.0% 8.0% 24,439 16.2%

VIRGINIA (a) 34.4 4.2 3.0 37.0% 60.0% 2.0% 1.0% 93.0% 7.0% 9,865 26.3%

WEST VIRGINIA N/A N/A N/A 86.8% 11.7% 0.6% 1.0% 90.0% 10.0% 739 10.4%

SLC AVERAGE (b) 33.6 6.0 3.2 47.8% 46.4% 4.1% 2.4% 91.1% 8.9% 8,024 21.4%

* Alabama and Louisiana's drug offenders include state inmates in state prisons and local jails.

(a) This information is for FY 12.

(b) Race and sex distribution percentages may not total 100% due to rounding.

per State Population

SELECTED CHARACTERISTICS OF ADULT INMATES

(as of July 1, 2013)

PROJECTED COSTS OF NEW PRISONS

Data was requested from each state on the projected cost of constructing and operating

a new medium security prison. According to the information received, the average size of

a planned facility is 1,480 beds and the average cost is $124.9 M. This equates to a

weighted average construction cost per bed of approximately $82,452. Costs per bed

range from $25,000 in Mississippi to $143,290 in Tennessee.

In addition, according to information received, the average annual operating costs of

these new security prisons is projected to be approximately $22.2 M or $15,099 per bed.

Table 24

Total Cost per Method of

Capcy. Construction Design Supervision Contingencies Equipment Land Other Costs Bed Financing

AL * 1,800 $100,000,000 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A $100,000,000 $55,556 N/A

AR 2,000 $184,971,428 $14,750,700 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $199,722,128 $99,861 Bonds

FL 1,335 $48,766,951 $2,558,577 $0 $3,443,094 $3,408,700 $0 $19,822,678 $78,000,000 $58,427 N/A

GA 1,500 $93,457,900 $3,598,130 $1,542,056 $9,859,808 $2,000,000 $500,000 $0 $110,957,894 $73,972 Bonds

KY 1,000 $99,225,000 $6,950,000 $500,000 $9,923,000 $2,500,000 $0 $0 $119,098,000 $119,098 Bonds

LA 500 $23,624,640 $1,417,477 $167,749 $1,374,953 $2,563,575 $812,462 $0 $29,960,856 $59,922 Bonds

MS 1,000 $25,000,000 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A $25,000,000 $25,000 Bonds

MO * 1,636 $113,660,500 $9,100,000 $3,410,000 $9,100,000 $10,230,000 N/A $4,265,000 $149,765,500 $91,544 Bonds

NC 1,512 $108,648,600 $12,310,000 N/A $3,260,000 N/A N/A $8,304,000 $132,522,600 $87,647 Cash

OK 2,400 $205,000,000 in construction in construction in construction in construction in construction in construction $205,000,000 $85,417 Bonds

SC 1,500 $105,900,000 $10,500,000 $600,000 $5,000,000 $4,500,000 $1,200,000 $4,000,000 $131,700,000 $87,800 Bonds

TN 1,540 $177,839,325 $14,306,130 in design $5,637,977 $4,774,050 $0 $18,109,718 $220,667,200 $143,290 Bonds/Cash

TX 1,000 $67,100,000 $4,100,000 $6,800,000 $3,700,000 $4,700,000 $0 $400,000 $86,800,000 $86,800 Bonds

VA N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

WV (a) 2,000 $160,000,000 in construction in construction in construction in construction in construction in construction $160,000,000 $80,000 Bonds

AVG 1,480 $124,942,441 $82,452

* Women's prison design

(a) West Virginia listed construction costs between $120 M and $200 M.

SELECTED NEW MEDIUM SECURITY PRISONS: PROJECTED CONSTRUCTION COSTS

(as of July 1, 2013) 

Table 25

SELECTED NEW MEDIUM SECURITY PRISONS: PROJECTED OPERATING COSTS

(as of July 1, 2013)

Inmates Annual Average

Maximum Design # Positions Per Operating Op. Cost

STATE Capacity Security Non-Security Total Security Cost Per Bed

Guard

ALABAMA 1,800 300 75 375 6.0 $12,600,000 $7,000

ARKANSAS 2,000 440 48 488 4.5 $15,431,178 $7,716

FLORIDA 1,335 225 42 267 5.9 $23,145,563 $17,338

GEORGIA 1,500 219 86 305 6.8 $14,986,916 $9,991

KENTUCKY 1,000 178 70 248 5.6 $14,895,000 $14,895

LOUISIANA 500 138 33 171 3.6 $8,690,650 $17,381

MISSISSIPPI 1,000 167 53 220 6.0 $12,000,000 $12,000

MISSOURI 1,636 343 217 560 4.8 $35,079,019 $21,442

NORTH CAROLINA 1,512 359 165 524 4.2 N/R N/A

OKLAHOMA 2,400 301 199 500 8.0 $35,632,397 $14,847

SOUTH CAROLINA 1,500 274 94 368 5.5 $23,664,500 $15,776

TENNESSEE 1,540 288 154 442 5.3 $30,907,900 $20,070

TEXAS 1,000 190 81 271 5.3 $15,326,350 $15,326

VIRGINIA N/A 225 106 331 N/A $23,100,000 N/A

WEST VIRGINIA 2,000 N/R N/R N/R N/A $45,000,000 $22,500

AVERAGE 1,480 261 102 362 5.5 $22,175,677 $15,099

PROBATION AND PAROLE

Four states reported that the probation and/or parole functions are handled by agencies

other than the corrections departments. There are 1.1 million persons assigned to

supervised probation in the region. Based on information provided by those agencies

reporting, there are 14,578 probation and parole agents supervising the 1,085,953 total

probationers and parolees reported in the region.

Table 26

Number Offenders Caseload

Total of Per per

Offenders Agents Agent Agent

ALABAMA (a) 54,288 9,873 64,161 252 254.6 192.0

ARKANSAS (a) 31,523 24,658 56,181 434 129.4 108.0

FLORIDA 145,802 5,518 151,320 1,981 76.4 95.9

GEORGIA (b) 164,051 25,020 189,071 840 225.1 235.0

KENTUCKY 31,036 14,628 45,664 552 82.7 82.2

LOUISIANA 42,946 26,646 69,592 510 136.5 137.0

MISSISSIPPI 29,853 6,508 36,361 301 120.8 125.0

MISSOURI 50,937 18,113 69,050 1,085 63.6 178.3

NORTH CAROLINA 98,320 1,612 99,932 1,659 60.2 N/A

OKLAHOMA 21,096 3,057 24,153 281 86.0 86.0

SOUTH CAROLINA (a) 29,040 465 29,505 321 91.9 N/A

TENNESSEE 58,022 13,115 71,137 759 93.7 94.0

TEXAS 278,616 87,662 366,278 4,740 77.3 107.5

VIRGINIA 49,530 1,781 51,311 809 63.4 N/A

WEST VIRGINIA 893 1,996 2,889 54 53.5 54.0

TOTAL 1,085,953 240,652 1,326,605 14,578 107.7 124.6

(a) Probation and parole services are provided by a separate agency.

(b) Georgia Department of Corrections supervises only felony probationers. Parole is administered by a separate state

agency, Board of Pardons and Paroles.

Number of Offenders

PROBATION AND PAROLE POPULATION

Probationers Parolees

Table 27

0.00

50.00

100.00

150.00

200.00

250.00

GAALMOLAMSSLC AVGARTXFLTNOKKYWV

235.0

192.0

178.3

137.0

125.0

124.6

108.0107.595.9

94.0

86.082.2

54.0

CASELOAD PER PROBATION/PAROLE AGENT

Table 28

State Probationers Total

Inmates Per Rank Total & Parolees Rank Inmates, Per Rank

Total 100,000 in Probationers Per 100,000 in Probationers, 100,000 in

STATE State Inmates Pop. SLC & Parolees Pop. SLC & Parolees Pop. SLC

ALABAMA 28,769 595 4 64,161 1,327 5 92,930 1,923 6

ARKANSAS 14,756 499 9 56,181 1,898 1 70,937 2,397 3

FLORIDA 100,884 516 8 151,320 774 11 252,204 1,290 12

GEORGIA 55,245 553 6 189,071 1,892 2 244,316 2,445 1

KENTUCKY 19,611 446 13 45,664 1,039 9 65,275 1,485 9

LOUISIANA 41,464 896 1 69,592 1,505 3 111,056 2,401 2

MISSISSIPPI 25,472 852 2 36,361 1,216 6 61,833 2,067 4

MISSOURI 31,408 520 7 69,050 1,142 7 100,458 1,662 7

NORTH CAROLINA 37,469 380 15 99,932 1,015 10 137,401 1,395 10

OKLAHOMA 26,538 689 3 24,153 627 12 50,691 1,316 11

SOUTH CAROLINA 22,510 471 10 29,505 618 14 22,510 1,089 13

TENNESSEE 30,350 467 11 71,137 1,095 8 30,350 1,562 8

TEXAS 150,931 571 5 366,278 1,385 4 517,209 1,956 5

VIRGINIA 37,452 453 12 51,311 621 13 88,763 1,075 14

WEST VIRGINIA 7,096 383 14 2,889 156 15 9,985 538 15

TOTAL 629,955 539 1,326,605 1,135 1,855,918 1,587

TOTAL STATE INMATES, PROBATIONERS, AND PAROLEES PER

100,000 POPULATION

(As of July 1, 2013)

Table 29

State Supervision Other Exp. SLC

STATE Funds Fees Funds Total Per Offender Rank

ALABAMA (a) $24,635,105 $12,445,317 $3,040,855 $40,121,277 $804 3

ARKANSAS (a) $35,008,282 $9,331,977 $587 $44,340,846 $931 5

FLORIDA $212,181,578 $0 $0 $212,181,578 $1,404 10

GEORGIA $97,888,146 $0 $7,825,743 $105,713,889 $649 2

KENTUCKY $43,378,000 $0 (b) $44,900 $43,422,900 $1,020 6

LOUISIANA $43,093,167 $18,689,329 $149,691 $61,932,187 $885 4

MISSISSIPPI $8,322,500 $9,356,634 $180,280 $17,859,414 $505 1

MISSOURI (c) $106,999,510 $16,612,524 $0 $123,612,034 $1,677 14

NORTH CAROLINA $171,679,141 $0 $0 $171,679,141 $1,656 13

OKLAHOMA $21,607,102 $4,300,000 $0 $25,907,102 $1,085 7

SOUTH CAROLINA (a) $3,175,814 N/A N/A $3,175,814 N/A N/A

TENNESSEE (a) $80,716,300 $557,700 $511,800 $81,785,800 $1,171 8

TEXAS $449,014,058 $7,855,240 $0 $456,869,298 $1,318 9

VIRGINIA $71,764,951 $0 $2,370,241 $74,135,192 $1,452 11

WEST VIRGINIA $3,011,017 $891,809 $0 $3,902,826 $1,528 12

TOTAL $1,372,474,671 $80,040,530 $14,124,097 $1,466,639,298

Average $91,498,311 $5,717,181 $1,008,864 $97,775,953 $1,149

(a) Probation and parole services are provided by a separate agency.

(b) Supervision fees are collected by Kentucky's Administrative Office of Courts

PROBATION AND PAROLE FUNDING



REHABILITATION

Fourteen states reported that they have Adult Basic Education and/or Literacy programs

and provide some form of Vocational Education to inmates within their system. The

number of inmates receiving their GED ranged from 181 in West Virginia to 5,230 in

Texas; though, the percentage of inmates (in state facilities) receiving their GED ranged

from 2.09% in Mississippi to 6.25% in Missouri.

Table 30

INMATE REHABILITATION

Average Monthly Number % of Budget % of inmates

Enrollment Receiving Allocated to (state facilities)

Adult Basic Literacy Vocational Religious On-The-Job GED Rehab receiving

State Education Programs Education Guidance Training FY 13 Programs GED

ALABAMA 25 15 51 268 22 646 N/A 2.43%

ARKANSAS 2,467 0 297 793 892 665 2.50% 4.72%

FLORIDA 4,535 679 3,730 56,355 279 2,862 1.90% 2.84%

GEORGIA 1,719 724 787 1,704 1,121 1,276 0.79% 2.31%

KENTUCKY 418 246 637 N/A 637 434 1.30% 3.43%

LOUISIANA 1,516 366 1,187 102 10,692 692 1.30% 3.42%

MISSISSIPPI 360 65 342 21,353 N/A 493 1.26% 2.09%

MISSOURI 4,452 1,130 405 35,868 0 1,962 5.92% 6.25%

NORTH CAROLINA 1,781 (a) 2,625 576 N/A 2,232 4.14% 5.96%

OKLAHOMA 740 693 402 5,763 402 1,017 1.00% 3.93%

SOUTH CAROLINA 2,606 237 411 18,352 163 863 2.76% 3.89%

TENNESSEE 2,471 189 1,966 8,031 N/A 615 1.64% 3.01%

TEXAS 16,023 (a) 2,740 326,872 (b) 5,448 5,230 3.20% 3.47%

VIRGINIA 2,649 2,021 3,145 10,712 400 1,035 3.55% 3.44%

WEST VIRGINIA N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 181 N/A 3.38%

AVERAGE 2,983 530 1,338 37,442 1,823 1,347 2.40%

(a) Adult Basic Education and Literacy program figures are combined.

(b) Many offenders involved in more than one program.

PRISON INDUSTRIES

All fifteen states reported maintaining a prison industries program. Total sales in all

product lines reported by corrections departments were approximately $487.6 M. The

operations employed 23,114 inmates, who worked an average of 7 hours per day.

Table 31

# Inmates Inmate Hrs./Day/ Largest Product Lines State Use Law

State Total Sales Net Profit Employed Pay/Hr. Inmate Line Gross Sales Yes No

ALABAMA $14,630,000 $644,000 536 $0.38 7 License Plates $4,140,000 x

Printing $2,150,000

Fleet Services $1,900,000

Construction/Remodeling $1,400,000

Garments/Clothing $1,250,000

ARKANSAS $7,171,076 $1,172,173 500 $7.25 6 Bus Barn * $1,749,899 x

Garment $1,701,375

Janitorial $990,311

Furniture $919,172

Duplicating $840,752

* includes chairs, athletic

equipment, matrresses and

metal fabrication

FLORIDA * ** $64,392,122 $4,076,027 3,723 $0.20 6.6 General Manufacturing $24,081,498 x

*Prison Industries are operated by a private not-for-profit corporation to Graphics and Digital $12,407,529

(PRIDE Enterprises), which was authorized by the Florida Legislature to $0.55 Services $11,962,166

operate and manage the prison industries for the state in 1981. Agriculture $8,527,708

**Results are from calendar year 2012. Sewn Products $7,413,221

GEORGIA $30,188,745 $1,317,103 900 N/A 7 Garments $6,236,745 x

Metal $5,664,811

Signs $3,253,586

Printing $3,053,037

Chemical $2,989,587

KENTUCKY $9,822,316 $483,890 700 $0.60 6.5 Print $2,208,447 x

Tags $2,058,650

Clothing $1,378,813

Soap $937,299

Furniture $582,263

LOUISIANA $18,553,690 $1,218,479 863 $0.20 8 Canteen Sales $10,091,176 x

Garments $3,102,186

License Plates $1,645,459

Cleaning Supplies $1,284,330

Mattress, Broom, Mop $796,017

MISSISSIPPI $6,503,320 $1,770 339 $0.28 7 Textiles $2,997,491 x

to Metal Fabrication $1,290,211

$7.25 Furniture & Service $886,015

Warehouse Distribution $724,830

Printing $604,773

PRISON INDUSTRIES

(FY 2012-13)

Table 31

# Inmates Inmate Hrs./Day/ Largest Product Lines State Use Law

State Total Sales Net Profit Employed Pay/Hr. Inmate Line Gross Sales Yes No

MISSOURI $28,078,843 ($2,331,549) 1,350 $0.60 7 Consumables $5,358,688 x

Furniture $5,256,974

Laundry $4,954,362

License & Engraving $3,975,822

Clothing $3,831,518

N. CAROLINA $90,316,511 ($2,545,800) 4,350 $0.21 8 Meat Processing $18,873,013 x

Sewing $11,822,054

Laundries $9,266,015

Highway Signage $7,131,546

Janitorial $6,241,388

OKLAHOMA $15,862,962 $1,886,127 1,133 $0.38 7.5 Modular Furniture $1,941,273 x

Tags $1,697,305

Metal Fabrication $1,637,571

Upholstry $1,412,736

Office Furniture $1,174,469

S. CAROLINA $20,938,721 ($412,467) 1,400 $0.57 7.82 Modular Furniture/Seating $2,629,350 x

Printing $1,711,018

Apparel $1,247,597

Signs $1,213,120

Retread $879,368

TENNESSEE

$39,075,657 $515,172 937 $4.36 5 Food Products $14,453,029 x

*Prison Industries are operated by an independent state agency, Wood Flooring $5,804,203

TRICOR (TN Rehabilitative Initiative in Correction), which receives no Textiles $5,756,594

state-appropriated funds for the management of this program. License Plates $3,531,759

Farm Products $2,215,982

TEXAS

$80,200,000 $2,900,000 4,881 N/A N/A Garment $25,000,000 x

The State of Texas does not pay offenders. License Plate & Sticker $20,500,000

Metal $14,200,000

Graphics $9,100,000

Furniture $9,000,000

VIRGINIA $53,601,429 $834,648 1,252 $0.70 5.49 Wood Furniture $19,050,470 X

Office Systems $6,760,915

License Tags $6,647,010

Clothing $5,942,984

Metal Furniture $4,833,731

W. VIRGINIA $8,294,991 $814,788 250 $0.74 7 Printing $1,892,475 X

License Plates $1,247,173

Furniture $750,403

Inmate Clothing $971,545

Seating $586,553

TOTAL/AVG. $487,630,383 $10,574,361 23,114 $1.62 6.85

PRISON INDUSTRIES

PRIVATIZATION

Privatization of services for thirteen SLC states encompasses a wide array of services.

They include, but are not limited to the following: (1) Medical & Drug Treatment Services;

(2) Halfway Houses, Community Rehabilitation Centers, and Work Release Centers; (3)

Food Services; and (4) Management of Prison Facilities. The total value of these services

by those states reporting is $1.76 B for approximately 362,057 inmates.

Also reported in the case of privatization of prison facilities is the cost per day per

offender (SLC average - $38.37).

Table 32

State Type of Services Annual Number of Cost per day % of state

Value of Service Inmates/Beds per offender inmates

Alabama Inmate Health Services $89,200,000 26,605

Contract Beds $90,000,000 952 $32.00 3.6%

Arkansas Medical Services $58,819,112 14,388

Florida Private Prisons

162,786,684 10,113

43.86 11.2%

Contract Work Release

19,343,839 1,571

Health Services Contract*

12,371,877 4,557

* Health Services Contract includes the

comprehensive health care contract only,

which was phased-in the latter part of FY 13.

Georgia Facility Operations

(

private prisons

134,900,000 7,900

52.75 12.0%

Kentucky Halfway House Beds 551

Male $31.61 per inmate day

Female $32.64 per inmate day

Private Prisons: 4.0%

Marion Adjustment Center - Minimum $37.99 per inmate day 551

Marion Adjustment Center - Medium $47.98 per inmate day 276

Food Services $12,398,873 12,095

Medical Services $55,778,319 21,785

Louisiana Private Prisons

34,695,471 2,960

32.11 16.5%

Mississippi Private Prisons

67,201,366 4,258 $38.16 23.0%

County Regional Facilities

47,236,350 4,354

Medical Services

61,413,996

19,987

Missouri Medical/Mental Health

146,644,098 31,246

Substance Abuse

5,119,387 7,984

North Carolina No services provided by private sector

Oklahoma Halfway Houses (Male and Female) $18,091,178 1,162 $47.56 24.1%

Private Prisons (Medium) $73,735,956 4,767

Private Prisons

(

Maximum

7,832,512 368

Medical $3,173,688 6,297

Private Prison Facilities

Table 32

PRIVATIZATION OF SERVICES

(

FY 2012-13

)



Table 32

Number of

State Type of Services Value of Service Inmates/Beds Cost per day % of state

per offender inmates

South Carolina No services provided by private sector

Tennessee Facility Operation

94,349,100 5,104

51.68 25.7%

Medical

67,894,300 19,895

Mental Health

9,999,000 14,791

Food Service $6,104,600 14,791

Texas Private Non-Secure Facilities

Halfway House $26,800,000 1,880 $39.06 8.8%

Substance Abuse * $28,300,000 1,874 $41.40

* Includes Residential and Relapse Beds

Private Secure Facilities

Correctional Centers ** $55,600,000 4,118 $36.97

Lockhart Work Program ** $6,300,000 500 $34.63

State Jails ** $79,900,000 7,345 $29.79

Pre-Parole Transfer ** $28,800,000 2,300 $34.34

Intermediate Sanction Facilities $32,400,000 2,125 $41.83

Contracted SAFP $6,300,000 336 $51.52

Driving While Intoxicated Facility $8,600,000 500 $46.95

** Figures include health care services

(approximately $5.13 per day)

Virginia Medical Services $74,300,000 12,000

Pharmacy Services $7,200,000 16,700

Renal Dialysis Services $2,100,000 50

Third Party Administrator $63,500,000 30,000

Food Operations $2,770,000 2,350

Commissary Operations $2,200,000 30,000

Correctional Center $23,500,000 1,553 $41.50 4.9%

West Virginia Medical Services $24,912,809 4,460

Food Services $6,726,401 4,658

Total/Average $1,759,298,916 362,057 $38.37 13.4%

Private Facilities

PRIVATIZATION OF SERVICES

(FY 2012-13)

STATE PROFILES

The data collected from the individual survey responses was compiled into a “Corrections

State Profile” for each state. These profiles include inmate demographics, the most

frequently committed crimes in each state, HIV/AIDS and Hepatitis C, court order

requirements in each state, and state initiatives. The initiatives discussed for 2013

include “The Elderly and Infirmed Population in the Corrections System,” “Prison Based

Substance Abuse Treatment Programs,” and “Pre-Release/Post-Release (Reentry)

Programs.”

ALABAMA CORRECTIONS PROFILE

COMPARATIVE DATA REPORT ON CORRECTIONS

Southern Legislative Conference:

LA Legislative Fiscal Office

PROFILE QUESTION STATE RESPONSE:

Average Age At Commitment: 33 years

Total Number of Inmates 50 Years or Older: 1,482 inmates

Average Sentence for New Commitments: 6.00 years

(excluding life sentences)

Average Time Served By Those Released: 3 years

(excluding life sentences)

The Three (3) Most Frequently Committed Crimes For Which

Inmates are Currently Serving Time: A. Drugs

B. Personal

C. Property

Race and Sex Distribution:

Percentage White 50.10%

Percentage Black 49.30%

Percentage Hispanic N/A

Percentage Other 0.60%

Percentage Male 86.00%

Percentage Female 14.00%

Number of Inmates Serving Life 3,003 inmates

Number of Inmates Serving Life (Without Parole) 1,224 inmates

New Commitments to Life Sentences: 111 inmates

Percentage of inmates that are considered to have mental

and/or emotional health conditions: 11.27%

SELECTED CHARACTERISTICS OF ADULT INMATES

(as of July 1, 2013)

ALABAMA CORRECTIONS PROFILE

COMPARATIVE DATA REPORT ON CORRECTIONS

Southern Legislative Conference:

LA Legislative Fiscal Office

PROFILE QUESTION STATE RESPONSE:

Inmates Serving Death Sentences: 193 inmates

Inmates Executed in FY 13 0 inmates

Inmates Serving Twenty (20) Years or More: 10,956 inmates

Inmates That Have Already Served Twenty (20)

Years of Their Current Sentence: 1,431 inmates

Inmates Admitted Who Were Parole Violators: 476 inmates

Number of technical parole violators: 100 inmates

Number of new crime parole violators: 173 inmates

Inmates Released from Custody in FY 13 for the following:

Expiration of Sentence 3,781 inmates

Parole 2,716 inmates

Goodtime N/A

Probation 4,782 inmates

Death 104 inmates

Other (transfer, court order, bond/appeal) 820 inmates

Total 12,203 inmates

Method In Which "Goodtime" is Calculated: N/A

Is Medical-Early or Compassionate Release Allowed: Yes

e Alabama Medical Furloug

Act became a law on September 1, 2008 and provides t

Commissioner of DOC discretionary aut

ority to grant medical furloug

s for terminally ill,

permanently incapacitated, and geriatric inmates w

o suffer from a c

ronic infirmity, illness,

or disease related to aging, and w

o do not constitute a danger to t

emselves or society.

Number of inmates released in FY 13 based on the above: 0 inmates

Inmates between the ages of 17 and 20: 375 inmates

Recidivism rate for total population base 3 years after release: 32.64%

SELECTED CHARACTERISTICS OF ADULT INMATES

(as of July 1, 2013)

ALABAMA CORRECTIONS PROFILE

COMPARATIVE DATA REPORT ON CORRECTIONS

Southern Legislative Conference:

LA Legislative Fiscal Office

PROFILE QUESTION STATE RESPONSE:

Number of AIDS Cases: 13 inmates

Number of Inmates Tested for HIV Antibodies 14,409 inmates

Testing of Inmates By Category:

Admission

Random N/A

Incident N/A

High Risk Group N/A

Systems Frequency of Testing:

Inmates Testing Positive for HIV Antibodies: 45 inmates

Alabama currently does not segregate or isolate AIDS/HIV inmates.

Number of known Hepatitis C Cases: 2,303 inmates

Number of Inmates being treated for Hepatitis C: 4 inmates

Testing of Inmates By Category:

Admission N/A

Random N/A

Incident N/A

High Risk Group

Systems Frequency of Testing:

Alabama currently does not segregate or isolate Hepatitis C inmates.

SELECTED CHARACTERISTICS OF ADULT INMATES

(as of July 1, 2013)

Yes

Intake/Discharge

Yes

As Needed

ALABAMA CORRECTIONS PROFILE

COMPARATIVE DATA REPORT ON CORRECTIONS

Southern Legislative Conference:

LA Legislative Fiscal Office

The Alabama Department of Corrections is currently under a state court order for the year

ending June 30, 2013. They have been under state court order since 1999. The court order

requirements include: removal of state ready inmates from county jails, creation of a

secular substance abuse program and elimination of separate housing units for HIV

positive inmates.

Elderly or Infirmed Inmates

The Alabama Department of Corrections (ADOC) operates a 300-bed facility for aged and

infirmed inmates. Compassionate release recommendations are submitted to the parole board

on a case by case basis.

Prison Based Substance Abuse Treatment Programs

The ADOC established drug treatment programs in 1988. Currently the ADOC offers 73 drug

treatment programs within 23 facilities. At intake, approximately 75% of inmates have a

documented or self-reported history of illicit drug use. At any given time, 20% of the inmate

population participates in substance abuse programs. Inmates needing substance abuse

treatment are assigned to one of the following programs:

1. Pre-Treatment

2. 8-Week Substance Abuse Program

3. 8-Week Secular Substance Abuse Program

4. 8-Week APRI SAP

5. 15-Week Co-occurring Disorders Program

6. 6-Month Crime Bill Program (RSAT)

7. 6-Month Secular SAP Program

8. Relapse Treatment Program

9. Aftercare

10. Therapeutic Community

11. Restart Program

12. Aftercare Secular SAP

COURT ORDER REQUIREMENTS

STATE INITIATIVES

ALABAMA CORRECTIONS PROFILE

COMPARATIVE DATA REPORT ON CORRECTIONS

Southern Legislative Conference:

LA Legislative Fiscal Office

Prison Based Substance Abuse Treatment Programs (continued)

13. Pre-Treatment Secular SAP

14. MATRIX Program

Pre-release/Post-release ("reentry") Programs

The ADOC utilizes a group therapy approach as an integral part of drug treatment

programming to promote cohesiveness, interpersonal learning, and self-understanding.

Group processes instill hope and acceptance allowing the inmate to have a better

understanding of the various factors associated with substance abuse.

STATE INITIATIVES (continued)

ARKANSAS CORRECTIONS PROFILE

COMPARATIVE DATA REPORT ON CORRECTIONS 49

Southern Legislative Conference:

Louisiana Legislative Fiscal Office

PROFILE QUESTION STATE RESPONSE:

Average Age At Commitment: 34 years

Total Number of Inmates 50 Years or Older: 622 inmates

Average Sentence for New Commitments: 9.1 years

(excluding life sentences)

Average Time Served By Those Released: 3.9 years

(excluding life sentences)

The Three (3) Most Frequently Committed Crimes For Which

Inmates are Currently Serving Time: A. Manufacture/

Delivery/Possession

Controlled Substance

B. Rape

C. Aggravated Robbery

Race and Sex Distribution:

Percentage White 52.20%

Percentage Black 44.20%

Percentage Hispanic 2.90%

Percentage Other 0.70%

Percentage Male 92.40%

Percentage Female 7.60%

Number of Inmates Serving Life 887 inmates

Number of Inmates Serving Life (Without Parole) 596 inmates

New Commitments to Life Sentences: 25 inmates

Percentage of inmates that are considered to have mental

10.10%and/or emotional health conditions:

SELECTED CHARACTERISTICS OF ADULT INMATES

(as of July 1, 2013)

ARKANSAS CORRECTIONS PROFILE

COMPARATIVE DATA REPORT ON CORRECTIONS 50

Southern Legislative Conference:

Louisiana Legislative Fiscal Office

PROFILE QUESTION STATE RESPONSE:

Inmates Serving Death Sentences: 37 inmates

Inmates Executed in FY 13: 0 inmates

Inmates Serving Twenty (20) Years or More: 5,417 inmates

Inmates That Have Already Served Twenty (20)

Years of Their Current Sentence: 984 inmates

Inmates Admitted Who Were Parole Violators: 1,328 inmates

Number of technical parole violators: 670 inmates

Number of new crime parole violators: 658 inmates

Inmates Released from Custody in FY 13 for the following:

Expiration of Sentence 277 inmates

Parole 5,911 inmates

Goodtime 0 inmates

Probation 0 inmates

Death 47 inmates

Other (Boot Camp and Released to Interstate Compact) 244 inmates

Total 6,479 inmates

Method In Which "Goodtime" is Calculated: N/A

Is Medical-Early or Compassionate Release Allowed: Yes

Request is initiated, either by inmate, family member, medical staff, or other.

Evaluation conducted and submitted to the Parole Board for approval.

Number of inmates released in FY 13 based on the above: 1 inmate

Inmates between the ages of 17 and 20: 335 inmates

Recidivism rate for total population base 3 years after release: 41.60%

SELECTED CHARACTERISTICS OF ADULT INMATES

(as of July 1, 2013)

ARKANSAS CORRECTIONS PROFILE

COMPARATIVE DATA REPORT ON CORRECTIONS 51

Southern Legislative Conference:

Louisiana Legislative Fiscal Office

PROFILE QUESTION STATE RESPONSE:

Number of AIDS Cases: 32 inmates

Number of Inmates Tested for HIV Antibodies 14,873 inmates

Testing of Inmates By Category:

Admission Yes

Random N/A

Incident Yes

High Risk Group N/A

Systems Frequency of Testing: Intake, Incident

Inmates Testing Positive for HIV Antibodies: 7 inmates

The Arkansas Department of Corrections does segregate AIDS or HIV infected inmates.

Number of known Hepatitis C Cases: 1,576 inmates

Number of Inmates being treated for Hepatitis C: 12 inmates

Testing of Inmates By Category:

Admission Yes

Random N/A

Incident Yes

High Risk Group Yes

Systems Frequency of Testing: High risk groups,

Ordered by physician

Arkansas currently does not segregate or isolate Hepatitis C inmates.

SELECTED CHARACTERISTICS OF ADULT INMATES

(as of July 1, 2013)

ARKANSAS CORRECTIONS PROFILE

COMPARATIVE DATA REPORT ON CORRECTIONS 52

Southern Legislative Conference:

Louisiana Legislative Fiscal Office

The Arkansas Department of Corrections is not currently under a federal or state court order.

Elderly or Infirmed Inmates

The Arkansas Department of Corrections does not house elderly inmates based upon their age

any differently than all other inmates. Some inmates require housing in medical barracks;

however, that is not based upon their age, but upon their health. There is legislation that

allows for early release based upon medical reasons that cannot be addressed within the

Department, but age is not a factor. A Special Needs Unit was constructed by the Department

at the Ouachita Unit in Malvern, Arkansas, which expanded the number of beds for all

medical and mental health related issues for male inmates of all ages. There has been a Special

Needs Unit constructed at the female facility in Newport, Arkansas as well.

Prison-Based Substance Abuse Treatment Programs

The Arkansas Department of Corrections provides alcohol and drug treatment services under

licensure from the DHHS Alcohol and Drug Abuse Prevention (OADAP) division. Substance

Abuse Treatment Programming (SATP) expenses for FY 10 are approximately $1,844,689 (this

amount includes Federal funding of approx. 5%). Arkansas has SATP, which is a minimum of

6 months residential treatment with a total of 418 beds at 7 units. It is funded by general state

revenues. There is also a 9-12 month Therapeutic Community treatment program that has 226

beds at 3 units, which is funded by a grant. Programs are evaluated daily through clinical

supervision, with quarterly and annual audits by OADAP. Grantor requires a quarterly

report, which includes a 3-year recidivism study based upon any arrest on new charges.

Pre-release/Post-Release ("Reentry") Programs

The Arkansas Department of Corrections provides Pre-Release Programs at several facilities.

In these programs inmates attend class 1/2 day for approximately 100 class days, not

including weekends and holidays. The purpose of this program is to educate inmates on the

importance of setting socially acceptable goals and developing healthy ways of achieving

these goals. Modules in this program include such topic areas as: Community Resources,

Character Traits, Anger Management, Living Skills, Values and Responsibility, Parenting,

STATE INITIATIVES

COURT ORDER REQUIREMENTS

ARKANSAS CORRECTIONS PROFILE

COMPARATIVE DATA REPORT ON CORRECTIONS 53

Southern Legislative Conference:

Louisiana Legislative Fiscal Office

Pre-release/Post-Release ("Reentry") Programs (continued)

Relapse Prevention, Job Skills, Budget and Finances, Job Skills, Search and Retention and

Parole Education. Funding for the program comes from general state revenues for positions

and operating costs.

Arkansas' newest faith based program, Pathway to Freedom, modeled after InnerChange

Freedom Initiative (IFI) that was operated by Prison Fellowship for several years but was cut

in Arkansas over a year ago due to funding issues. Currently, Pathway to Freedom is

available for male inmates, and the state has a program available for the female inmates called

Advanced Principal Application for Life Skills (APALs). These programs are voluntary

pre-release programs that promote transformation from the inside out.

In addition to the adult inmate population incarcerated and reported by the Arkansas

Department of Corrections, Arkansas currently has in operation five residential based facilities

which house minimum-security inmates with felony sentences not exceeding two years.

Community Corrections also operates a 60-day Technical Violator Program. In an effort to

include this population in the survey, the following data has been submitted for

information purposes only:

This population totaled 1,461 as of July 1, 2012 and 1,518 as of July 1, 2013. The projected

inmate population is 1,603 in year 2018 and 1,603 in 2023. The maximum designed capacity

was 1,603 on July 1, 2012 and 1,603 on July 1, 2013. The actual operating budget for FY 13 is

$83 M with an average cost per day per inmate of $67.07. These figures reflect only the

Department of Community Corrections. On July 1, 2013 there were 304 filled correctional

officer positions out of 324 established correctional officer positions. The entry-level base

annual salary of a correctional officer on July 1, 2013 was $25,268. Classroom training totaling

160 hours is required with an additional 40 hours of on-the-job training and 40 hours of

in-service training per year. The turnover rate for correctional officers is 18.44%.

The average age at commitment of inmates is 33 years with 276 inmates being 50 years or

older. The three most frequently committed crimes for which inmates are currently serving are

STATE INITIATIVES (continued)

ARKANSAS DEPARTMENT OF COMMUNITY CORRECTIONS

ARKANSAS CORRECTIONS PROFILE

COMPARATIVE DATA REPORT ON CORRECTIONS 54

Southern Legislative Conference:

Louisiana Legislative Fiscal Office

1. Manufacture, Delivery, Possession of Controlled Substance, 2. Forgery and 3.

Theft of Property. The Race and Sex distribution is 67% White, 32% Black, 0.6%

Hispanic, and 0.4% Other, of which 73% are males and 27% are females.

The number of inmates released from custody in FY 13 for Expiration of Sentence was 1,

Parole 2,467, Probation 713, Goodtime 485, Deaths 1, and Other (releases to Arkansas

Department of Corrections) 161, for a total of 3,828.

The number of inmates between the age of 17 and 20 years old is 157. The recidivism

rate for the total population base 3 years after release is 22.5%.

Pre-release/Post-Release ("Reentry") Programs

The Arkansas Department of Community Corrections (DCC) has a pre-release program that

starts 3 months before an offender is released to the community. A parole officer, counselor

and other DCC staff agree on an after-care plan for the offender. Program participants receive

substance abuse, mental health, transitional living, educational determinations, and other

services identified in the after-care plan.

Other Initiatives:

Arkansas Career Education awarded funding to DCC for the continuance of the welding

programs implemented. The appropriate staff has been hired and the inaugural classes for

the funding cycle began during the first week of September. The current schedule will allow

for 3 classes, each spanning a period of 8 weeks, permitting 60 residents to receive welding

certificates.

DCC is partnering with the Arkansas Department of Corrections and the Arkansas Parole Board

to initiate the 2010 Offender Reentry Project (ORP) with the goal of reducing recidivism and

ensuring public safety. The target population is offenders that are past their parole eligibility

date because of housing that is not approved, not completed APB stipulated programming, or

do not have an approved parole plan. The group of offenders could include sex offenders,

offenders with mental health issues, and offenders with substance abuse problems. Once

release is approved, a reentry plan will be the focus for programs and services that address the

risks and needs of the inmate. The U.S. Department of Justice provided $1,337,614 ($668,807

Federal and $668,807 state) to initiate the project.

ARKANSAS DEPARTMENT OF COMMUNITY CORRECTIONS (continued)

FLORIDA CORRECTIONS PROFILE

COMPARATIVE DATA REPORT ON CORRECTIONS 55

Southern Legislative Conference:

LA Legislative Fiscal Office

PROFILE QUESTION STATE RESPONSE:

Average Age At Commitment: 34.1 years

Total Number of Inmates 50 Years or Older: 3,613 inmates

Average Sentence for New Commitments: 5.1 years

(

excluding life sentences

)

Average Time Served By T

ose Released: 4.3 years

(

excluding life sentences

)

e T

ree

(

)

Most Frequently Committed Crimes For W

Inmates are Currently Serving Time: A. Robbery wit

weapon

B. Burglary, dwelling

C. Drugs, manufacture

sale

purc

ase

Race and Sex Distribution:

Percentage W

ite 48.00%

Percentage Black 48.00%

Percentage Hispanic 3.60%

Percentage Ot

er 0.40%

Percentage Male 93.00%

Percentage Female 7.00%

Number of Inmates Serving Life 3,714 inmates

Number of Inmates Serving Life

(

Wit

out Parole

)

8,815 inmates

New Commitments to Life Sentences: 492 inmates

SELECTED CHARACTERISTICS OF ADULT INMATES

(as of July 1, 2013)

FLORIDA CORRECTIONS PROFILE

COMPARATIVE DATA REPORT ON CORRECTIONS 56

Southern Legislative Conference:

LA Legislative Fiscal Office

PROFILE QUESTION STATE RESPONSE:

Inmates Serving Deat

Sentences: 405 inmates

Inmates Executed in FY 13 4 inmates

Inmates Serving Twenty

(

)

Years or More: 29,235 inmates

Inmates T

at Have Already Served Twenty

(

)

Years of T

eir Current Sentence: 6,091 inmates

Inmates Admitted W

o Were Parole Violators: N

Number of tec

nical parole violators: N

Number of new crime parole violators: N

Inmates Released from Custody in FY 13 for t

e following:

Expiration of Sentence 20,984 inmates

Parole 32 inmates

Goodtime N

Probation 5,085 inmates

Deat

327 inmates

er (Conditional release, executions, and other release mechanisms) 6,709 inmates

Total 33,137 inmates

Met

od In W

"Goodtime" is Calculated: N

Is Medical-Early or Compassionate Release Allowed: Yes

The Florida Parole Commission in conjunction with the Dept. of Corrections

will consider an inmate eligible for release under the conditional medical

release program when the inmate, because of an existing medical or physical

condition, is determined to be permanently incapacitated or terminally ill.

Number of inmates released in FY 13 based on t

e above: 8 inmates

Inmates between t

e ages of 17 and 20: 3,034 inmates

Recidivism rate for total population base 3 years after release: 27.60%

17.01%

Percentage of inmates that are considered to have mental

and/or emotional health conditions:

(as of July 1, 2013)

SELECTED CHARACTERISTICS OF ADULT INMATES

FLORIDA CORRECTIONS PROFILE

COMPARATIVE DATA REPORT ON CORRECTIONS 57

Southern Legislative Conference:

LA Legislative Fiscal Office

PROFILE QUESTION STATE RESPONSE:

Number of AIDS Cases: N

Number of Inmates Tested for HIV Antibodies N

Testing of Inmates By Category:

Admission N

Random N

Incident N

Hig

Risk Group N

Systems Frequency of Testing: N

Inmates Testing Positive for HIV Antibodies: N

e Florida Department of Corrections does not segregate or isolate HIV-infected inmates.

Number of known Hepatitis C Cases: N

Number of Inmates being treated for Hepatitis C: N

Testing of Inmates By Category:

Admission N

Random N

Incident N

Hig

Risk Group N

Systems Frequency of Testing: N

SELECTED CHARACTERISTICS OF ADULT INMATES

(as of July 1, 2013)

FLORIDA CORRECTIONS PROFILE

COMPARATIVE DATA REPORT ON CORRECTIONS 58

Southern Legislative Conference:

LA Legislative Fiscal Office

e Florida Department of Corrections is currently under a federal court order for

e year ending June 30, 2013. Florida DOC

as been under federal court order since

2010. T

e court order requires t

e department to not use c

emical agents on

specific inmates.

Elderly or Infirmed Inmates

e Florida Department of Corrections does not

ouse or treat inmates based solely on age.

Elderly inmates are

oused in most of t

e department's major institutions consistent wit

eir custody level and medical needs. Reception and Medical Center

as a 100-bed

licensed

ospital on-site in Lake Butler, Florida, and also cares for c

ronically ill and elderly

inmates. T

e department is able to care for inmates on ventilators at t

ospital as well.

e F-dorm at Sout

Florida Reception Center features 84 beds designated for palliative and

long-term care. T

e facility also provides a step down care for inmates w

o can be disc

arged

from

ospitals but are not ready for an infirmary level of care at an institution. T

e Sout

Unit of t

e Central Florida Reception Center is specifically designated for special needs

inmates, including t

e elderly, as well as palliative care inmates. At Zep

ills, 2 dorms are

specifically designed for elderly inmates as well as inmates wit

complex medical needs.

Lowell Correctional Institution

as a dorm specifically designated for female inmates wit

complex medical needs, including t

e elderly.

Prison Based Substance Abuse Treatment Programs

On July 1, 2000, t

e Florida Department of Corrections implemented mandatory substance

abuse program participation for inmates meeting select criteria. An automated screening

and priority placement system was implemented to identify inmates meeting t

e criteria for

e program and to prioritize t

em based on risk to public safety and severity of addiction.

Florida's In-Prison Substance Abuse Programs Offers:

-Intensive Outpatient Programming: 4-6 mont

outpatient

(

wit

in prison setting

)

program

at designated institutions for 1

2 day at least 4 days a week wit

a minimum of 12

ours of

counselor-supervised activities.

-Residential T

erapeutic Community: 9-12 mont

program

oused wit

in institution or a

designated community-based facility.

-Program Centers: 16-24 mont

program model designed to assist inmates nearing release

to make successful transition to t

e community. Inmates w

o successfully complete t

COURT ORDER REQUIREMENTS

STATE INITIATIVES

FLORIDA CORRECTIONS PROFILE

COMPARATIVE DATA REPORT ON CORRECTIONS 59

Southern Legislative Conference:

LA Legislative Fiscal Office

Prison Based Substance Abuse Treatment Programs

(

continued

)

initial intensive programming component

(

9-12 mont

)

are eligible to participate in t

work release component.

-Work Release Centers: contracted substance abuse counselors operate in 19 department-

operated work release centers to provide outpatient services

(

4 mont

s in lengt

and

aftercare services to inmates based on t

eir identified needs.

Total funding for all 4 programs is $26,763,503

(

$24,805,019 state funds and $1,958,484

trust

grant funds

)

Pre-release

Post-Release

(

"Reentry"

)

Programs

e Florida DOC does

ave pre-release programs and provides post-release assistance for

inmates to facilitate a smoot

transition from prison to t

e community. T

e Bureau of

Substance Abuse Program Services contracts wit

fait

-based organizations in t

community for t

e provision of t

e programs. Transitional

ousing programs exist to assist

newly released inmates in t

eir transition from institution to t

e community by offering a

structured and supportive environment.

1. 100-

our transition program is a statutorily mandated compre

ensive transition program

at covers job readiness and life management skills. T

is training is provided to all

inmates wit

in t

e 18 mont

period prior to t

eir release from a Florida prison.

2. T

e Florida DOC operates four re-entry facilities. One of t

e main differences between a

re-entry facility and ot

er facilities is t

e involvement in t

e community. By locating inmates

closer to t

eir county of release t

e department

as been able to foster stronger connections

wit

eir families and community service providers.

3. T

e department

as launc

ed t

e T

inking for a C

ange

(

T4C

)

program statewide. T4C is

offered to select inmates w

o will be released wit

in 36 mont

4. In an effort to facilitate a smoot

transition for returning offenders to t

e community a

Transition Passport

(

TAP

)

was developed. T

e pocket-sized booklet is a resource tool and is

meant to be used as a guide to assist during t

e inmates' transition period.

5. T

e Re-Entry Resource Directory is a user-friendly tool t

at enables a person looking for

resources suc

as career counseling, debt management, substance abuse counseling, dental

services, free clinics, s

elters and many ot

er services to find available resources wit

STATE INITIATIVES (continued)

FLORIDA CORRECTIONS PROFILE

COMPARATIVE DATA REPORT ON CORRECTIONS 60

Southern Legislative Conference:

LA Legislative Fiscal Office

Pre-release

Post-Release

(

"Reentry"

)

Programs

(

continued

)

zip code, city, county or circuit.

6. T

e Florida Department of Corrections is one of ten states to partner wit

Sesame

Street's Little C

ildren, Big C

allenges: Incarceration series. As part of t

e Family

Reunification Initiative, t

e Bureau of Transition and Substance Abuse Treatment

Services recently launc

ed a partners

ip wit

Sesame Street to provide resources

to families wit

an incarcerated parent.

7. Substance Abuse Treatment Services contracts wit

post-release transitional

ousing organizations to assist recently released inmates in t

eir transition from

institution to community.

STATE INITIATIVES (continued)

GEORGIA CORRECTIONS PROFILE

COMPARATIVE DATA REPORT ON CORRECTIONS 61

Southern Legislative Conference:

LA Legislative Fiscal Office

PROFILE QUESTION STATE RESPONSE:

Average Age At Commitment: 34 years

Total Number of Inmates 50 Years or Older: 1,885 inmates

Average Sentence for New Commitments: 4.5 years

(

excluding life sentences

)

Average Time Served By T

ose Released: 4.0 years

(

excluding life sentences

)

e T

ree

(

)

Most Frequently Committed Crimes For W

Inmates are Currently Serving Time: A. Murder

B. Armed Robbery

C. Burglary

Race and Sex Distribution:

Percentage W

ite 38.11%

Percentage Black 57.77%

Percentage Hispanic 3.62%

Percentage Ot

er 0.10%

Percentage Male 89.58%

Percentage Female 10.42%

Number of Inmates Serving Life 7,257 inmates

Number of Inmates Serving Life

(

Wit

out Parole

)

850 inmates

New Commitments to Life Sentences: 308 inmates

SELECTED CHARACTERISTICS OF ADULT INMATES

(as of July 1, 2013)

GEORGIA CORRECTIONS PROFILE

COMPARATIVE DATA REPORT ON CORRECTIONS 62

Southern Legislative Conference:

LA Legislative Fiscal Office

PROFILE QUESTION STATE RESPONSE:

Inmates Serving Deat

Sentences: 91 inmates

Inmates Executed in FY 13: 1 inmate

Inmates Serving Twenty

(

)

Years or More: 3,547 inmates

Inmates T

at Have Already Served Twenty

(

)

Years of T

eir Current Sentence: 2,598 inmates

Inmates Admitted W

o Were Parole Violators: 2,059 inmates

Number of tec

nical parole violators: 771 inmates

Number of new crime parole violators: 1,288 inmates

Inmates Released from Custody in FY 13 for t

e following:

Expiration of Sentence 6,899 inmates

Parole 10,772 inmates

Goodtime N

A inmates

Probation N

A inmates

Deat

154 inmates

er 3,490 inmates

Total 21,315 inmates

Met

od In W

"Goodtime" is Calculated: N

Is Medical-Early or Compassionate Release Allowed: Yes

(Only the Board of Parole may grant medical reprieves.)

Number of inmates released in FY 13 based on t

e above: 0

Inmates between t

e ages of 17 and 20: 1,699 inmates

Recidivism rate for total population base 3 years after release: 27.34%

16.66%

SELECTED CHARACTERISTICS OF ADULT INMATES

(as of July 1, 2013)

Percentage of inmates that are considered to have mental

and/or emotional health conditions:

GEORGIA CORRECTIONS PROFILE

COMPARATIVE DATA REPORT ON CORRECTIONS 63

Southern Legislative Conference:

LA Legislative Fiscal Office

PROFILE QUESTION STATE RESPONSE:

Number of AIDS Cases: N

Number of Inmates Tested for HIV Antibodies 20,375 inmates

Testing of Inmates By Category:

Admission Yes

Random N

Incident Unknown

Hig

Risk Group N

Systems Frequency of Testing: Initial intake, exit,

clinical decision

Inmates Testing Positive for HIV Antibodies: 322 inmates

e Georgia Department of Corrections does not isolate HIV-infected inmates.

Number of known Hepatitis C Cases: unknown

Number of Inmates being treated for Hepatitis C: 15 inmates

Testing of Inmates By Category:

Admission Yes

Random N

Incident N

Hig

Risk Group N

Systems Frequency of Testing: Initial intake, exit,

clinical decision

e Georgia Department of Corrections does not isolate Hepatitis C inmates.

SELECTED CHARACTERISTICS OF ADULT INMATES

(as of July 1, 2013)

GEORGIA CORRECTIONS PROFILE

COMPARATIVE DATA REPORT ON CORRECTIONS 64

Southern Legislative Conference:

LA Legislative Fiscal Office

e Georgia Department of Corrections is not currently under a federal or state court order.

Elderly or Infirmed Inmates

e Georgia Department of Corrections

(

GDC

)

operates several "special needs" facilities to

accommodate inmates t

at are frail, aging or t

ose wit

disabilities. T

ere are 3 facilities for

males and one for females. T

ey are Autry State Prison, Coastal State Prison, Augusta State

Medical Prison and Pulaski State Prison.

Prison Based Substance Abuse Treatment Programs

e Georgia Department of Corrections

as 6 substance abuse treatment programs. GDC

offers: Residential Substance Abuse Treatment Programs, Substance Abuse Aftercare Services,

Central Georgia Tec

nical College Customer Service, Matrix Early Recovery Skills, Model,

Matrix Relapse Prevention Skills, and Motivation for C

ange. GDC evaluates by measuring

ree-year felony reconviction rates. Recidivism rates for t

ose in t

e substance abuse

programs are compared wit

ose in t

e general population.

Pre-release

Post-Release

(

"Reentry"

)

Programs

Georgia partners and collaborates wit

several Community-Based Organizations and

Fait

-Based Organizations t

at provide pre-release and post-release services. Pre-release

programming includes reentry skills building, life skills, job readiness, civics, et

ics, parenting,

financial literacy, GED, substance abuse, and cognitive restructuring. In general, GDC refers

ex-offenders to community-based service providers and partnering state agencies for

post-release services.

COURT ORDER REQUIREMENTS

STATE INITIATIVES

KENTUCKY CORRECTIONS PROFILE

COMPARATIVE DATA REPORT ON CORRECTIONS 65

Southern Legislative Conference:

LA Legislative Fiscal Office

PROFILE QUESTION STATE RESPONSE:

Average Age At Commitment: 33 years

Total Number of Inmates 50 Years or Older: 1,134 inmates

Average Sentence for New Commitments: 6.4 years

(

excluding life sentences

)

Average Time Served By T

ose Released: 2.7 years

(

excluding life sentences

)

e T

ree

(

)

Most Frequently Committed Crimes For W

Inmates are Currently Serving Time: A. Trafficking of a Controlled Substance

B. Possession of a Controlled Substance

C. Burglary

Race and Sex Distribution:

Percentage W

ite 71.30%

Percentage Black 26.10%

Percentage Hispanic 1.40%

Percentage Ot

er 1.20%

Percentage Male 90.20%

Percentage Female 9.80%

Number of Inmates Serving Life 806 inmates

Number of Inmates Serving Life

(

Wit

out Parole

)

98 inmates

New Commitments to Life Sentences: 33 inmates

23.00%

Percentage of inmates that are considered to have mental

and/or emotional health conditions:

SELECTED CHARACTERISTICS OF ADULT INMATES

(as of July 1, 2013)

KENTUCKY CORRECTIONS PROFILE

COMPARATIVE DATA REPORT ON CORRECTIONS 66

Southern Legislative Conference:

LA Legislative Fiscal Office

SELECTED CHARACTERISTICS OF ADULT INMATES

PROFILE QUESTION STATE RESPONSE:

Inmates Serving Deat

Sentences: 33 inmates

Inmates Executed in FY 13: 0 inmates

Inmates Serving Twenty

(

)

Years or More: 3,774 inmates

Inmates T

at Have Already Served Twenty

(

)

Years of T

eir Current Sentence: 702 inmates

Inmates Admitted W

o Were Parole Violators: 6,996 inmates

Number of tec

nical parole violators: 3,974 inmates

Number of new crime parole violators: 3,022 inmates

Inmates Released from Custody in FY 13 for t

e following:

Expiration of Sentence 130 inmates

Parole 12,309 inmates

Goodtime 4,695 inmates

Probation 1,713 inmates

Deat

50 inmates

er (sex offender discharge, active release, court, escape, home incarceration) 126 inmates

Total 19,023 inmates

Met

od In W

"Goodtime" is Calculated:

Inmates are eligible for received meritorious good time (7 days per month served),

educational good time/program credit (90 days per program or degree) and work

for time credit (1 day for every 40 hour worked).

Is Medical-Early or Compassionate Release Allowed: Yes

Number of inmates released in FY 13 based on t

e above: 3 inmates

Inmates Between t

e ages of 17 and 20: 346 inmates

Recidivism rate for total population base 3 years after release: 37.90%

(as of July 1, 2013)

KENTUCKY CORRECTIONS PROFILE

COMPARATIVE DATA REPORT ON CORRECTIONS 67

Southern Legislative Conference:

LA Legislative Fiscal Office

SELECTED CHARACTERISTICS OF ADULT INMATES

PROFILE QUESTION STATE RESPONSE:

Number of AIDS Cases: 8 inmates

Number of Inmates Tested for HIV Antibodies 352 inmates

Testing of Inmates By Category:

Admission N

Random N

Incident N

Hig

Risk Group N

Systems Frequency of Testing: Symptomatic & Upon Request

Inmates Testing Positive for HIV Antibodies: 85 inmates

Kentucky does not segregate HIV-infected inmates.

Number of known Hepatitis C Cases: 1,002 inmates

Number of Inmates being treated for Hepatitis C: 17 inmates

Testing of Inmates By Category:

Admission N

Random N

Incident N

Hig

Risk Group N

Systems Frequency of Testing: Symptomatic & Upon Request

Kentucky does not segregate Hepatitis C inmates, but does

ave a Hepatitis Management

Plan to address, prevent, and control

epatitis viruses in t

e correctional setting.

(as of July 1, 2013)

KENTUCKY CORRECTIONS PROFILE

COMPARATIVE DATA REPORT ON CORRECTIONS 68

Southern Legislative Conference:

LA Legislative Fiscal Office

e Kentucky Department of Corrections is not currently under a federal or state court order.

Elderly or Infirmed Inmates

At t

is time, t

e elderly and infirmed are

oused wit

KY State Reformatory amongst 3

different dorms; DAL, Dorm 10, and Nursing Care Facility. KY does not currently

ave a

separate facility for t

ese special needs inmates, but t

ere

as been discussion about a facility

in t

e future as elderly inmates continue to become a larger percentage of our overall

population.

Prison Based Substance Abuse Treatment Programs

The KY DOC

rovides substance abuse treatment within a Thera

eutic Communit

model

for prison based substance abuse programming for male and female prisoners. T

e cost to

provide t

ese programs is $10,513,329

(

$9,831,921 state funds and $681,408 grant funds

)

e evaluation process is in conjunction wit

e University of Kentucky Center for Alco

ol &

Dru

Research. The contract re

uires random sam

le trackin

of inmates one

ear

ost-release.

The state com

ares the recidivism rates for those in treatment and in the

eneral

ulation.

Pre-release

Post-Release

(

"Reentry"

)

Programs

e Department of Corrections operates several pre-release and post-release services related

to reentry. If incarcerated in one of t

e prison facilities, t

e offender may complete t

e New

Direction program w

seeks to address reentry barriers t

at offenders may face upon

release. T

is program

as 19 modules wit

over 26 contact

ours required to complete t

coursework.

KY DOC offers literacy classes, vocational training, substance abuse programs, GED courses,

college courses, fait

based assistance and mentoring to assist wit

e transition back

into t

e community. In addition, evidence-based programming to include t

e sex offender

treatment program, Moral Reconation T

erapy, Pat

finders, T

inking for a C

ange and

Seeking Safety, a trauma-informed care group are provided.

STATE INITIATIVES

COURT ORDER REQUIREMENTS

KENTUCKY CORRECTIONS PROFILE

COMPARATIVE DATA REPORT ON CORRECTIONS 69

Southern Legislative Conference:

LA Legislative Fiscal Office

Pre-release

Post-Release

(

"Reentry"

)

Programs

(

Continued

)

Parolee Orientation Re

abilitation Training Assimilation Lesson Plan

(

PORTAL

)

is available

in 10 of t

e 19 District Probation and Parole offices. It addresses 12 areas: t

e Mec

anics of

Community Supervision, Employment Works

op, Financial Issues, GED

Adult Education,

Healt

and Wellness, Nutrition, Relations

ip Issues, Stress and Anger Management,

Smoking Cessation, Addiction, Effective Parenting Skills, and Decision Making.

For all offenders, family members, and t

e community at large, t

ere is a 24

7 reentry

otline

manned by offenders at one of t

e state institutions. T

otline provides resources for

ousing, employment, counseling, clot

ing banks, etc. for all areas of Kentucky.

House Bill 463, enacted on June 8, 2011, requires t

e department to release a significant

number of offenders on mandatory reentry supervision. T

e number of releases, as compared

to previous years, will increase dramatically. After t

e initial releases in January 2012, t

number will decrease because t

ere will be fewer individuals eligible for mandatory

reentry supervision. HB 463 also expanded t

e Home Incarceration Program, w

influences a number of releases.

STATE INITIATIVES (continued)

LOUISIANA CORRECTIONS PROFILE

COMPARATIVE DATA REPORT ON CORRECTIONS 70

Southern Legislative Conference:

LA Legislative Fiscal Office

PROFILE QUESTION STATE RESPONSE:

Average Age At Commitment: 32.7 years

Total Number of Inmates 50 Years or Older: 3,344 inmates

Average Sentence for New Commitments: 5.6 years

(

excluding life sentences

)

Average Time Served By T

ose Released: 2.4 years

(

excluding life sentences

)

e T

ree

(

)

Most Frequently Committed Crimes For W

Inmates are Currently Serving Time: A. Drug Offenses

B. Homicides

C. Robbery

Race and Sex Distribution:

Percentage W

ite 31.30%

Percentage Black 68.30%

Percentage Hispanic 0.20%

Percentage Ot

er 0.20%

Percentage Male 94.40%

Percentage Female 5.60%

Number of Inmates Serving Life 86 inmates

Number of Inmates Serving Life

(

Wit

out Parole

)

4,674 inmates

New Commitments to Life Sentences: 129 inmates

17.00%

(as of July 1, 2013)

SELECTED CHARACTERISTICS OF ADULT INMATES

Percentage of inmates that are considered to have mental

and/or emotional health conditions:

LOUISIANA CORRECTIONS PROFILE

COMPARATIVE DATA REPORT ON CORRECTIONS 71

Southern Legislative Conference:

LA Legislative Fiscal Office

PROFILE QUESTION STATE RESPONSE:

Inmates Serving Deat

Sentences: 83 inmates

Inmates Executed in FY 13: 0 inmates

Inmates Serving Twenty

(

)

Years or More: 5,496 inmates

Inmates T

at Have Already Served Twenty

(

)

Years of T

eir Current Sentence: 2,213 inmates

Inmates Admitted W

o Were Parole Violators: 5,070 inmates

Number of tec

nical parole violators: 1,169 inmates

Number of new crime parole violators: 402 inmates

Number wit

Waiver Pending: 3,499 inmates

Inmates Released from Custody in FY 13 for t

e following:

Expiration of Sentence 1,391 inmates

Parole 822 inmates

Goodtime 14,406 inmates

Probation 267 inmates

Deat

138 inmates

(

released to I.N.S., court order, conviction overturn

)

67 inmates

Total 17,091 inmates

Met

od In W

"Goodtime" is Calculated:

ease o

any inmate convicte

a crime

(

ess vio

ent or sexua

committe

ter Ju

y 1992 an

genera

y ca

ate

as earning 35

ays

or every

ays serve

Is Medical-Early or Compassionate Release Allowed: Yes

Number of inmates released in FY 13 based on t

e above: 10 inmates

Inmates Between t

e ages of 17 and 20: 1,114 inmates

Recidivism rate for total population base 3 years after release: 35.10%

(as of July 1, 2013)

SELECTED CHARACTERISTICS OF ADULT INMATES

LOUISIANA CORRECTIONS PROFILE

COMPARATIVE DATA REPORT ON CORRECTIONS 72

Southern Legislative Conference:

LA Legislative Fiscal Office

PROFILE QUESTION STATE RESPONSE:

Number of AIDS cases: 162 inmates

Number of inmates testing positive for AIDS antibodies: 6,465 inmates

Admission Yes

Random N

Incident N

Release, Clinically indicated

533 inmates

e Louisiana Department of Corrections does not segregate or isolate HIV-infected

inmates.

Number of known Hepatitis C Cases: 1,886 inmates

Number of inmates being treated for Hepatitis C: 1,886 inmates

Admission N

Random N

Incident N

Systems Frequency of Testing: Clinically Indicated

e Louisiana Department of Corrections does not segregate or isolate Hepatitis C

inmates.

SELECTED CHARACTERISTICS OF ADULT INMATES

Admission, Prior to

As Needed, Upon

Inmates Testing Positive for HIV Antibodies:

Testing of Inmates By Category:

High Risk Group

Testing of Inmates By Category:

High Risk Group

Systems Frequency of Testing:

(as of July 1, 2013)

LOUISIANA CORRECTIONS PROFILE

COMPARATIVE DATA REPORT ON CORRECTIONS 73

Southern Legislative Conference:

LA Legislative Fiscal Office

e Louisiana Department of Corrections is not currently under a federal or state court order.

Elderly or Infirmed Inmates

Reception centers for t

e Louisiana DOC are responsible for t

e initial medical and mental

ealt

screenings of offenders upon arrival. T

ere are 2 facilities wit

in t

e department t

are considered to be a Level of Care 1 facility t

at provide extensive medical and mental

ealt

services. In addition to routine medical and mental

ealt

services, eac

facility also

provides specialty clinic visits and diagnostic services, including basic radiology.

Laboratory is also available.

Elayn Hunt Correction Center

(

EHCC

)

is a male facility wit

a capacity of 2,125 offenders.

e facility is t

e reception center for all state facilities and conducts t

e initial medical and

mental

ealt

screenings of offenders. T

e intake facility, called t

e Adult Reception and

Diagnostic Center

(

ARDC

)

ouses approximately 452 offenders. T

e medical and mental

ealt

screenings along wit

classification screenings are key elements in determining t

permanent

ousing for eac

offender. EHCC is also t

e mental

ealt

treatment center for

e department and consists of 48 beds to provide acute and long term psyc

iatric services.

Also wit

in EHCC is t

e Skilled Nursing Unit

(

SNU

)

provides extensive inpatient

medical services. It began operating in 1976 wit

28 beds. T

e unit began expanding in 1998

wit

funding from state and federal programs. T

e new SNU opened in January 2011 wit

a 64 bed capacity.

In addition, t

e R.E. Barrow, Jr. Treatment center, located at LA State Penitentiary at Angola,

LA, is a fully staffed medical facility wit

a total of 623 skilled nursing beds divided

between 2 units.

ese units also provide an End of Life Care program, Hospice, and Palliative Care for t

patients t

at are terminally ill.

Eac

institution

as a C

ronic Disease management plan.

e Keep on Person Medication Program is available to offenders for self administration

of approved medications.

STATE INITIATIVES

COURT ORDER REQUIREMENTS

LOUISIANA CORRECTIONS PROFILE

COMPARATIVE DATA REPORT ON CORRECTIONS 74

Southern Legislative Conference:

LA Legislative Fiscal Office

Prison Based Substance Abuse Treatment Programs

Every institution

as substance abuse treatment and education programs. Eac

institution

also provides pre-release counseling services. In addition, t

e residential pre-release "Blue

Walters" drug treatment program is operating in cooperation wit

Ric

wood Correctional

Center.

LA Correctional Institute for Women uses t

e Living in Balance Curriculum for t

eir

substance abuse program, w

lasts 8 1

2 weeks wit

a pre- and post-test. T

e program

is open only to offenders t

at are in general population. LCIW does not track recidivism

rates for participants once t

ey are released. T

e actual cost of t

e program was $1,214.

e LA DOC offers a nine-mont

intensive substance abuse program located in a paris

facility. T

e Steve Hoyle Intensive Substance Abuse Program at Bossier Paris

eriff's

Medium Security Facility provides t

erapy for addiction and its underlying causes. T

treatment curriculum for t

e program is modeled after t

e IMPACT Program previously

oused at Forc

t Wade Correctional Center. T

e program is supported t

roug

state funds

wit

a budget focused on t

e salaries of approximately $250,000 for t

e substance abuse

providers. T

e program is also supported by 2 federal grants

(

Residential Substance Abuse

Treatment Grant and Second C

ance Act Grant

)

e Concordia Correctional Treatment Program in Ferriday, LA, is a 40-bed facility for male,

adult offenders. Funded t

roug

grants from LA Commission on Law Enforcement

received from t

e federal Residential Substance Abuse Treatment for State Prisoners

(

RSAT

)

and Office of Addictive Disorders, t

e facility

as been in operation since May 1997 and

treated upwards of 800 inmates wit

substance abuse problems. T

e program lasts for 150

days and inmates are placed in t

e program at t

e beginning of t

eir last 150 days of

incarceration. T

e ratio of clients to counselors in t

e program is 14:1, based on grant

requirements from t

e Office of Be

avioral Healt

Pre-release

Post-Release

(

"Reentry"

)

Programs

Reentry begins at reception for offenders entering state prisons wit

a variety of

assessments. An individual reentry plan is developed, monitored, and adjusted based on

progress and conduct. T

e department began using a validated criminogenic risk and needs

assessment and screening tool from Texas C

ristian University in FY 13 for intake into state

prisons. A post-test version of t

is tool offered prior to an offender's release would provide

specific feedback on c

anges in t

e offender's criminogenic risks and needs since intake.

STATE INITIATIVES (continued)

LOUISIANA CORRECTIONS PROFILE

COMPARATIVE DATA REPORT ON CORRECTIONS 75

Southern Legislative Conference:

LA Legislative Fiscal Office

Prison Based Substance Abuse Treatment Programs

(

continued

)

en an offender is wit

in 6 mont

s of release t

ey are required to participate in a 100

our

pre-release curriculum t

at instructs offenders in t

e areas of: substance abuse, money

management, communications, values development, victim awareness, abiding by

conditions of probation and parole,

ousing, employment, and resources in t

e community.

Additionally all institutions offer a variety of programs wit

in t

e t

erapeutic community

aimed at improving t

e offender's transition back into t

e community. T

e department

provides formal educational programming in t

e areas of basic literacy, Adult Basic

Education

(

ABE

)

, General Education Development

(

GED

)

, Job

Life Skills, and vocational

training. All institutions

ave annual Community Resource Fairs, w

target offenders

o are wit

in a year of release. Day Reporting Centers were created for probation and

parole violators w

o are at t

e point of being re-incarcerated for tec

nical violations. T

remain in t

e community receiving treatment or services in needed areas. During FY 11

ree local reentry programs opened in cooperation wit

eriffs in eac

region.

STATE INITIATIVES (continued)

MISSISSIPPI CORRECTIONS PROFILE

COMPARATIVE DATA REPORT ON CORRECTIONS 76

Southern Legislative Conference:

LA Legislative Fiscal Office

PROFILE QUESTION STATE RESPONSE:

Average Age At Commitment: 33.81 years

Total Number of Inmates 50 Years or Older: 706 inmates

Average Sentence for New Commitments: 6.28 years

(

excluding life sentences

)

Average Time Served By T

ose Released: 2.83 years

(

excluding life sentences

)

e T

ree

(

)

Most Frequently Committed Crimes For W

Inmates are Currently Serving Time: A. Drug Possession

B. Burglary

C. Property

Race and Sex Distribution:

Percentage W

ite 33.70%

Percentage Black 65.30%

Percentage Hispanic 0.70%

Percentage Ot

er 0.30%

Percentage Male 87.19%

Percentage Female 12.81%

Number of Inmates Serving Life 568 inmates

Number of Inmates Serving Life

(

Wit

out Parole

)

1,520 inmates

New Commitments to Life Sentences: 70 inmates

14.14%

Percentage of inmates that are considered to have mental

and/or emotional health conditions:

SELECTED CHARACTERISTICS OF ADULT INMATES

(as of July 1, 2013)

MISSISSIPPI CORRECTIONS PROFILE

COMPARATIVE DATA REPORT ON CORRECTIONS 77

Southern Legislative Conference:

LA Legislative Fiscal Office

PROFILE QUESTION STATE RESPONSE:

Inmates Serving Deat

Sentences: 49 inmates

Inmates Executed in FY 13: 0 inmates

Inmates Serving Twenty

(

)

Years or More: 1,706 inmates

Inmates T

at Have Already Served Twenty

(

)

Years of T

eir Current Sentence: 697 inmates

Inmates Admitted W

o Were Parole Violators: 1,208 inmates

Number of tec

nical parole violators: 0 inmates

Number of new crime parole violators: 1,208 inmates

Inmates Released from Custody in FY 13 for t

e following:

Expiration of Sentence 1,894 inmates

Parole 2,015 inmates

Goodtime 0 inmates

Probation 2,341 inmates

Deat

71 inmates

er (house arrest, earned release supervision, medical release) 3,175 inmates

Total 9,496 inmates

Met

od In W

"Goodtime" is Calculated: N

Is Medical-Early or Compassionate Release Allowed: Yes

Number of inmates released in FY 13 based on t

e above: 8

Inmates Between t

e ages of 17 and 20: 1,485 inmates

32.98%Recidivism rate for total population base 3 years after release:

SELECTED CHARACTERISTICS OF ADULT INMATES

(as of July 1, 2013)

MISSISSIPPI CORRECTIONS PROFILE

COMPARATIVE DATA REPORT ON CORRECTIONS 78

Southern Legislative Conference:

LA Legislative Fiscal Office

PROFILE QUESTION STATE RESPONSE:

Number of AIDS Cases: 63 inmates

Number of Inmates Tested for HIV Antibodies All at Intake

Testing of Inmates By Category:

Admission N

Random N

Incident Yes

Hig

Risk Group Yes

Systems Frequency of Testing:

Inmates Testing Positive for HIV Antibodies: 217 inmates

Mississippi does not segregate or isolate HIV-infected inmates.

Number of known Hepatitis C Cases: 356 inmates

Number of Inmates being treated for Hepatitis C: 0 inmates

Testing of Inmates By Category:

Admission N

Random N

Incident Yes

High Risk Group Yes

Systems Frequency of Testing: N

e Mississippi Department of Corrections

(

MDOC

)

indicated t

ey do not segregate or

isolate inmates wit

Hepatitis C.

Intake, Clinically Indicated

SELECTED CHARACTERISTICS OF ADULT INMATES

(as of July 1, 2013)

MISSOURI CORRECTIONS PROFILE

COMPARATIVE DATA REPORT ON CORRECTIONS 80

Southern Legislative Conference:

LA Legislative Fiscal Office

PROFILE QUESTION STATE RESPONSE:

Average Age At Commitment: 33.86 years

Total Number of Inmates 50 Years or Older: 1,025 inmates

Average Sentence for New Commitments: 12.12 years

(

excluding life sentences

)

Average Time Served By T

ose Released: 2.22 years

(

excluding life sentences

)

e T

ree

(

)

Most Frequently Committed Crimes For W

Inmates are Currently Serving Time: A. Robbery 1st Degree

B. Distribution

Delivery Controlled Substance

C. Burglary 2nd Degree

Race and Sex Distribution:

Percentage W

ite 60.25%

Percentage Black 37.17%

Percentage Hispanic 1.92%

Percentage Ot

er 0.66%

Percentage Male 91.27%

Percentage Female 8.73%

Number of Inmates Serving Life 1,750 inmates

Number of Inmates Serving Life

(

Wit

out Parole

)

1,087 inmates

New Commitments to Life Sentences: 66 inmates

15.91%

SELECTED CHARACTERISTICS OF ADULT INMATES

(as of July 1, 2013)

Percentage of inmates that are considered to have mental

and/or emotional health conditions:

MISSOURI CORRECTIONS PROFILE

COMPARATIVE DATA REPORT ON CORRECTIONS 81

Southern Legislative Conference:

LA Legislative Fiscal Office

PROFILE QUESTION STATE RESPONSE:

Inmates Serving Deat

Sentences: 47 inmates

Inmates Executed in FY 13: 0 inmates

Inmates Serving Twenty

(

)

Years or More: 7,405 inmates

Inmates T

at Have Already Served Twenty

(

)

Years of T

eir Current Sentence: 695 inmates

Inmates Admitted W

o Were Parole Violators: 6,358 inmates

Number of tec

nical parole violators: 3,380 inmates

Number of new crime parole violators: 2,978 inmates

Inmates Released from Custody in FY 13 for t

e following:

Expiration of Sentence 1,585 inmates

Parole 12,087 inmates

Goodtime N

A inmates

Probation 4,535 inmates

Deat

76 inmates

er 42 inmates

Total 18,325 inmates

Met

od In W

"Goodtime" is Calculated: N

Is Medical-Early or Compassionate Release Allowed: Yes

Number of inmates released in FY 13 based on t

e above: 3 inmates

Inmates Between t

e ages of 17 and 20: 841 inmates

Recidivism rate for total population base 3 years after release: 48.40%

SELECTED CHARACTERISTICS OF ADULT INMATES

(as of July 1, 2013)

MISSOURI CORRECTIONS PROFILE

COMPARATIVE DATA REPORT ON CORRECTIONS 82

Southern Legislative Conference:

LA Legislative Fiscal Office

PROFILE QUESTION STATE RESPONSE:

Number of AIDS Cases: 96 inmates

Number of Inmates Tested for HIV Antibodies 39,010 inmates

Testing of Inmates By Category:

Admission Yes

Random Yes

Incident Yes

Hig

Risk Group Yes

Systems Frequency of Testing: Admission, Exit, Exposure,

Offender Request

Inmates Testing Positive for HIV Antibodies: 35 inmates

e Missouri Department of Corrections does not segregate or isolate HIV-infected inmates.

Number of known Hepatitis C Cases: 4,211 inmates

Number of Inmates being treated for Hepatitis C: 22 inmates

Testing of Inmates By Category:

Admission N

Random N

Incident N

Hig

Risk Group N

Systems Frequency of Testing: Discretion of Physician,

High Risk Behavior

e Missouri Department of Corrections does not segregate or isolate Hepatitis C inmates.

Education and counseling are provided on intake and request.

SELECTED CHARACTERISTICS OF ADULT INMATES

(as of July 1, 2013)

MISSOURI CORRECTIONS PROFILE

COMPARATIVE DATA REPORT ON CORRECTIONS 83

Southern Legislative Conference:

LA Legislative Fiscal Office

e Missouri Department of Corrections is not currently under federal or state court orders.

Missouri was under Federal order between 1983 and 1992 and

as not been under a state

court order wit

in t

e last 15 years.

Elderly or Infirmed Inmates

In general, Missouri

as its elderly inmates mainstreamed in t

e regular population. T

Department of Corrections operates one 30-bed

ousing area w

ere inmates of t

is type live

toget

er, but t

ey continue to participate in most general activities. Medical services are

contracted on a per diem basis for t

e entire population, so no specific medical costs are

experienced. T

ere is also no specific funding or legislation t

at addresses t

e elderly inmates.

Missouri allows inmates wit

serious medical problems to be considered for parole.

Prison Based Substance Abuse Treatment Programs

*Women's Eastern Assessment and Compre

ensive Substance Abuse Treatment Center -

substance abuse programming for women: $49.23 per assessment, $14.00 per offender per day,

to include all ot

er substance abuse services

*Western Reception Compre

ensive Substance Abuse Services - 325 beds contracted

$49.80 per assessment, all ot

er services to include s

ort term program services $8.07 per

offender per day, intermediate program services $7.96 per offender per day and partial day

treatment services $9.60 per offender per day

*Maryville Treatment Center - 525 beds, 300 of t

em contracted, substance abuse for men $9.19

per day per offender, intermediate and long-term treatment programs

*Ozark Correctional Center T

erapeutic Community Services - 650 beds, 12 mont

s program

$7.56 per offender per day for long-term t

erapeutic community programs

illicot

e Women's Treatment Center -

(

256 beds

)

$14 per per offender, per day includes

ort-Term Program, Intermediate Program, Long-term Program, Partial Day Treatment

*Nort

east Correctional Center - Intermediate program for 6 mont

s and long term for 12

mont

s, 31 beds, $19.47 per offender per day

Missouri Department of Corrections

as a number of substance abuse treatment programs wit

services provides by t

e department substance abuse treatment staff. Currently, t

e department

estimates an approximate cost of $12 per offender per day and includes Boonville Treatment

Center, Cremer T

erapeutic Community Center, Fulton Reception Diagnostic Correctional

Center, Farmington Treatment Program, and Western Regional Treatment Center.

COURT ORDER REQUIREMENTS

STATE INITIATIVES

MISSOURI CORRECTIONS PROFILE

COMPARATIVE DATA REPORT ON CORRECTIONS 84

Southern Legislative Conference:

LA Legislative Fiscal Office

Pre-release

Post-Release

(

"Reentry"

)

Programs

Missouri was c

osen as t

e first state to implement a model created by t

e National Institute of

Corrections in 2002. In October 2009, t

e Governor signed an Executive Order directing t

e Department of Corrections to continue to lead a permanent interagency steering team for

e Missouri Reentry Process. Various federal, state and community agencies

ave partnered

to strengt

en t

e reentry process. T

e Missouri Department of Corrections offers more t

200 programs wit

in t

eir institutions t

at, if an offender qualifies for and participates in

can assist t

em in gaining and en

ancing skills

tools t

at can aid in becoming more successful,

productive community members.

STATE INITIATIVES (continued)

NORTH CAROLINA CORRECTIONS PROFILE

COMPARATIVE DATA REPORT ON CORRECTIONS 85

Southern Legislative Conference:

LA Legislative Fiscal Office

PROFILE QUESTION STATE RESPONSE:

Average Age At Commitment: 33 years

Total Number of Inmates 50 Years or Older: 1,843 inmates

Average Sentence for New Commitments: 2.50 years

(excluding life sentences)

Average Time Served By Those Released: 1.80 years

(excluding life sentences)

The Three (3) Most Frequently Committed Crimes For Which

Inmates are Currently Serving Time: A. Habitual Felon

B. Robbery with a dangerous weapon

C. Murder - second degree

Race and Sex Distribution:

Percentage White 36.64%

Percentage Black 55.59%

Percentage Hispanic N/A

Percentage Other 7.77%

Percentage Male 93.26%

Percentage Female 6.74%

Number of Inmates Serving Life 1,865 inmates

Number of Inmates Serving Life (Without Parole) 1,255 inmates

New Commitments to Life Sentences: 79 inmates

38.34%

Percentage of inmates that are considered to have mental

and/or emotional health conditions:

SELECTED CHARACTERISTICS OF ADULT INMATES

(as of July 1, 2013)

NORTH CAROLINA CORRECTIONS PROFILE

COMPARATIVE DATA REPORT ON CORRECTIONS 86

Southern Legislative Conference:

LA Legislative Fiscal Office

PROFILE QUESTION STATE RESPONSE:

Inmates Serving Death Sentences: 151 inmates

Inmates Executed in FY 13: 0 inmates

Inmates Serving Twenty (20) Years or More: 8,248 inmates

Inmates That Have Already Served Twenty (20)

Years of Their Current Sentence: 1,726 inmates

Inmates Admitted Who Were Parole Violators: 141 inmates

Number of technical parole violators: 14 inmates

Number of new crime parole violators: 127 inmates

Inmates Released from Custody in FY 13 for the following:

Expiration of Sentence 15,555 inmates

Parole 5,749 inmates

Goodtime N/A

Probation N/A

Death 80 inmates

Other (commutation, safe keepers release, court order) 1,071 inmates

Total 22,455 inmates

Method In Which "Goodtime" is Calculated: N/A

Is Medical-Early or Compassionate Release Allowed: Yes

Number of inmates released in FY 13 based on the above: 10 inmates

Inmates Between the ages of 17 and 20: 1,317 inmates

Recidivism rate for total population base 3 years after release: 24.10%

SELECTED CHARACTERISTICS OF ADULT INMATES

(as of July 1, 2013)

NORTH CAROLINA CORRECTIONS PROFILE

COMPARATIVE DATA REPORT ON CORRECTIONS 87

Southern Legislative Conference:

LA Legislative Fiscal Office

PROFILE QUESTION STATE RESPONSE:

Number of AIDS Cases: 221 inmates

Number of Inmates Tested for HIV Antibodies 21,498 inmates

Testing of Inmates By Category:

Admission N/A

Random N/A

Incident Yes

High Risk Group Yes

Systems Frequency of Testing: Incident, High Risk

Inmates Testing Positive for HIV Antibodies: 381 inmates

The North Carolina Department of Corrections does not segregate or isolate HIV-infected inmates.

Number of known Hepatitis C Cases: 328 inmates

Number of Inmates being treated for Hepatitis C: 75 inmates

Testing of Inmates By Category:

Admission N/A

Random N/A

Incident N/A

High Risk Group Yes

Systems Frequency of Testing: N/A

The North Carolina Department of Corrections does not segregate or isolate Hepatitis C inmates.

(as of July 1, 2013)

SELECTED CHARACTERISTICS OF ADULT INMATES

NORTH CAROLINA CORRECTIONS PROFILE

COMPARATIVE DATA REPORT ON CORRECTIONS 88

Southern Legislative Conference:

LA Legislative Fiscal Office

The North Carolina Department of Corrections is not currently under a federal or state

court order.

Elderly or Infirmed Inmates

An Aging Inmate Study was completed that made recommendations for addressing the issue of

elderly or infirmed inmates. The data on aging inmates is revised annually in order to track

changes in the aging population. Randolph Correctional Center can accommodate up to 100

inmates in a long-term care facility.

The NC Legislature passed legislation allowing for the parole of geriatric inmates projected to be

within six months of death; or permanently and totally disabled inmates, except those convicted of

class A and B crimes (primarily first and second degree murder) or those who have to register as

sex offenders at release.

Substance Abuse Treatment Programs

The North Carolina Department of Corrections has the following substance abuse treatment

programs:

Prison-based programs within the Division of Alcoholism and Chemical Dependency Programs (DACDP)

are operated within selected minimum and medium custody prison units. Eligibility for DACDP

prison-based treatment programs is established during diagnostic processing and utilizes the

Substance Abuse Subtle Screening Inventory as a severity indicator for substance abuse problems.

Programs are based on Cognitive-Behavioral Interventions and encompass two service levels:

intermediate and long-term treatment services. Intermediate treatment programs provide

intensive outpatient services for 90 days in 10 prison facilities across the state. Long-term

intensive treatment programs in 6 prison facilities range in length from 120 - 365 days and are

designed to treat the seriously addicted inmates who are in need of intensive treatment.

The effectiveness of substance abuse programs are measured by assessing if: substance abuse

services are provided to the inmates who are identified as needing treatment; a sufficient number

of inmates who enter the programs actually complete the program; the completers are continuing

COURT ORDER REQUIREMENTS

STATE INITIATIVES

NORTH CAROLINA CORRECTIONS PROFILE

COMPARATIVE DATA REPORT ON CORRECTIONS 89

Southern Legislative Conference:

LA Legislative Fiscal Office

Substance Abuse Treatment Programs (continued)

their recovery through group meetings and other activities; and the inmates who complete the

pre-release community transition programs are still active in the recovery process upon release

from the Department.

Additionally, participants are tracked in the programs through a separate treatment substance

abuse module, ACD, which interfaces with the inmate tracking system used by prisons, OPUS.

The North Carolina Sentencing Commission is comparing the recidivism rates for those in

substance abuse programs to those inmates in the general population to see if there is a difference.

Pre-release/Post-Release ("Reentry") Programs

North Carolina does not have a specific statewide pre-release program but is currently in the

process of enhancing procedures by implementing components of evidence based practices.

Additionally, North Carolina is working with a number of community based organizations to

provide reentry services in the community. Offenders are provided with 2 pieces of

identification upon their release and each offender receives a Transition Document upon release.

North Carolina offers a variety of programs to help prepare offenders for the transition:

*Community Volunteer Program

*Community Leave Program

*Work Release Program

*Home Leave Program

*Vocational Programming

*Post Release Referrals

*Correction Enterprises

*Inmate Construction Program

*Office of Reentry and Transition Services

STATE INITIATIVES (continued)

OKLAHOMA CORRECTIONS PROFILE

COMPARATIVE DATA REPORT ON CORRECTIONS 90

Southern Legislative Conference:

LA Legislative Fiscal Office

PROFILE QUESTION STATE RESPONSE:

Average Age At Commitment: 34.2 years

Total Number of Inmates 50 Years or Older: 963 inmates

Average Sentence for New Commitments: 7.00 years

(

excluding life sentences

)

Average Time Served By T

ose Released: 2.50 years

(

excluding life sentences

)

e T

ree

(

)

Most Frequently Committed Crimes For W

Inmates are Currently Serving Time: A. Possession of Controlled Substance

B. Distribution of CDS

Possession wit

Intent

C. Burglary - Second Degree

Race and Sex Distribution:

Percentage W

ite 53.91%

Percentage Black 28.08%

Percentage Hispanic 7.72%

Percentage Ot

er 10.29%

Percentage Male 89.82%

Percentage Female 10.18%

Number of Inmates Serving Life 1,926 inmates

Number of Inmates Serving Life

(

Wit

out Parole

)

793 inmates

New Commitments to Life Sentences: 122 inmates

55.11%

Percentage of inmates that are considered to have mental

and/or emotional health conditions:

SELECTED CHARACTERISTICS OF ADULT INMATES

(as of July 1, 2013)

OKLAHOMA CORRECTIONS PROFILE

COMPARATIVE DATA REPORT ON CORRECTIONS 91

Southern Legislative Conference:

LA Legislative Fiscal Office

PROFILE QUESTION STATE RESPONSE:

Inmates Serving Deat

Sentences: 55 inmates

Inmates Executed in FY 13 6 inmates

Inmates Serving Twenty

(

)

Years or More: 8,175 inmates

Inmates T

at Have Already Served Twenty

(

)

Years of T

eir Current Sentence: 1,322 inmates

Inmates Admitted W

o Were Parole Violators: 94 inmates

Number of tec

nical parole violators: 34 inmates

Number of new crime parole violators: 60 inmates

Inmates Released from Custody in FY 13 for t

e following:

Expiration of Sentence 4,026 inmates

Parole 576 inmates

Goodtime N

A inmates

Probation 3,039 inmates

Deat

92 inmates

er 0 inmates

Total 7,733 inmates

Met

od In W

"Goodtime" is Calculated: N

Is Medical, Early or Compassionate Release Allowed: Yes

Medical, early release is implemented through a parole process algorithm.

Number of inmates released in FY 13 based on t

e above: 0 inmates

Inmates Between t

e ages of 17 and 20: 519 inmates

Recidivism rate for total population base 3 years after release: 21.18%

SELECTED CHARACTERISTICS OF ADULT INMATES

(as of July 1, 2013)

OKLAHOMA CORRECTIONS PROFILE

COMPARATIVE DATA REPORT ON CORRECTIONS 92

Southern Legislative Conference:

LA Legislative Fiscal Office

PROFILE QUESTION STATE RESPONSE:

Number of AIDS Cases: 136 inmates

Number of Inmates Tested for HIV Antibodies 9,102 inmates

Testing of Inmates By Category:

Admission Yes

Random N

Incident Yes

Hig

Risk Group Yes

Systems Frequency of Testing: Offenders Request, High Risk,

Physician's Discretion, Admission

Inmates Testing Positive for HIV Antibodies: 56 inmates

e Okla

oma Department of Corrections does not segregate or isolate HIV-infected inmates.

Number of known Hepatitis C Cases: 1,479 inmates

Number of Inmates being treated for Hepatitis C: 16 inmates

Testing of Inmates By Category:

Admission N

Random N

Incident Yes

Hig

Risk Group Yes

Systems Frequency of Testing: Offenders Request, High Risk,

Physician's Discretion, Admission

Okla

oma currently does not segregate or isolate Hepatitis C inmates. However, treatment is

limited to 4 ODOC facilities, w

ave specific expertise in t

e treatment of Hepatitis C.

SELECTED CHARACTERISTICS OF ADULT INMATES

(as of July 1, 2013)

OKLAHOMA CORRECTIONS PROFILE

COMPARATIVE DATA REPORT ON CORRECTIONS 93

Southern Legislative Conference:

LA Legislative Fiscal Office

e Okla

oma Department of Corrections is not currently under a federal or state court order.

Elderly or Infirmed Inmates

Elderly offenders are

oused in various units across t

e DOC. T

ose offenders w

o cannot

function in t

e general population are

oused in an infirmary bed

(

48 infirmary beds are

available and distributed among 4 facilities

)

, or are

oused in t

e "J unit" at Josep

Harp

Correctional Center, a

andicapped accessible facility t

at serves approximately 200

ronically ill offenders, including approximately 60 offenders confined to a w

eelc

air or

walker. It is estimated t

at t

e cost of care for elderly offenders is approximately t

ree times

at of younger offenders.

Prison Based Substance Abuse Treatment Programs

e Okla

oma Department of Corrections utilizes evidence-based researc

in t

e design and

delivery of substance abuse treatment to offenders. All substance abuse treatment

(

SAT

)

programs currently utilize a cognitive be

avioral model of treatment. Placement into SAT

programs is based on an assessed need. SAT programs vary in lengt

from 4 mont

s to 1 year.

DOC spends a total of $1.2 M in federal and state funds on SAT, excluding personnel and

operating expenses

(

DOC funds total $503,052

)

. Okla

oma DOC

as 8 treatment programs

statewide. Okla

oma Department of Mental Healt

& Substance Abuse funds anot

er four

substance abuse treatment programs. OK DOC contracts wit

1 private prison t

at provides

treatment and also funds 3 public facility programs.

Pre-release

Post-release

(

"reentry"

)

Programs

e Okla

oma Department of Corrections does not consider reentry to be a program but a

process t

at encompasses various met

ods of addressing t

e needs of t

e offender. At

reception, an offender's needs are assessed to identify criminogenic be

aviors and referrals

to meet t

e basic needs upon release. T

e met

od by w

an offender receives reentry

services is dependent upon t

e individual offender. Eac

offender will

ave participated in at

least one of t

e following prior to release:

)

Community Corrections - O

ers e

igi

or community corrections prior to re

ease wi

receive reentry services at t

ose facilities. T

ese services include work programs, substance

STATE INITIATIVES

COURT ORDER REQUIREMENTS

OKLAHOMA CORRECTIONS PROFILE

COMPARATIVE DATA REPORT ON CORRECTIONS 94

Southern Legislative Conference:

LA Legislative Fiscal Office

Pre-release

Post-release

(

"reentry"

)

Programs

(

continued

)

abuse aftercare, continuing education, transportation resources, and reestablis

ment of

family and community ties.

)

Institutiona

Pre-Re

ease - T

aci

ity case managers ensure t

e o

as t

e support an

necessary contact information to access community resources based on t

eir individual needs.

Case managers assist in securing t

e appropriate identification necessary to access benefits,

services, and employment in t

e community.

)

In Reac

- Any group t

at comes into a

aci

ity in or

er to wor

wit

an o

er in creating

a pre-release plan prior to release. Examples of In Reac

organizations are: fait

based groups,

tribal groups, ot

er state agencies, and staff of non-profit organizations designed to assist

offenders wit

basic reentry services.

)

Menta

Hea

Reentry Program - DOC an

e O

oma Department o

Menta

Hea

partner to better transition offenders wit

serious mental illness into appropriate community

based mental

ealt

services in t

e community following disc

arge from prison. DOC also

partners wit

e Okla

oma Department of Social Services to

elp obtain federal benefits for

offenders wit

disabling serious mental illness.

e Okla

oma DOC was a successful applicant for Second C

ance Act funding and

developed a program located at t

e Okla

oma City Community Corrections Center. T

program

as been operational since April 2010, and

as served approximately 272 offenders.

e program is designed to remove barriers to reentry and reduce offender recidivism.

STATE INITIATIVES (continued)

SOUTH CAROLINA CORRECTIONS PROFILE

COMPARATIVE DATA REPORT ON CORRECTIONS 95

Southern Legislative Conference:

LA Legislative Fiscal Office

PROFILE QUESTION STATE RESPONSE:

Average Age At Commitment: 33 years

Total Number of Inmates 50 Years or Older: 904 inmates

Average Sentence for New Commitments: 4 years

(

excluding life sentences

)

Average Time Served By T

ose Released: 2.1 years

(

excluding life sentences

)

e T

ree

(

)

Most Frequently Committed Crimes For W

Inmates are Currently Serving Time: A. Drugs

B. Homicide

C. Burglary

Race and Sex Distribution:

Percentage W

ite 33.20%

Percentage Black 63.90%

Percentage Hispanic 2.00%

Percentage Ot

er 0.90%

Percentage Male 93.70%

Percentage Female 6.30%

Number of Inmates Serving Life 1,173 inmates

Number of Inmates Serving Life

(

Wit

out Parole

)

1,023 inmates

New Commitments to Life Sentences: 50 inmates

13.72%

Percentage of inmates that are considered to have mental

and/or emotional health conditions:

SELECTED CHARACTERISTICS OF ADULT INMATES

(as of July 1, 2013)

SOUTH CAROLINA CORRECTIONS PROFILE

COMPARATIVE DATA REPORT ON CORRECTIONS 96

Southern Legislative Conference:

LA Legislative Fiscal Office

PROFILE QUESTION STATE RESPONSE:

Inmates Serving Deat

Sentences: 47 inmates

Inmates Executed in FY 13: 0 inmates

Inmates Serving Twenty

(

)

Years or More: 3,203 inmates

Inmates T

at Have Already Served Twenty

(

)

Years of T

eir Current Sentence: 1,049 inmates

Inmates Admitted W

o Were Parole Violators: 645 inmates

Number of tec

nical parole violators: 297 inmates

Number of new crime parole violators: 348 inmates

Inmates Released from Custody in FY 13 for t

e following:

Expiration of Sentence 4,842 inmates

Parole 1,123 inmates

Goodtime N

A inmates

Probation 2,132 inmates

Deat

61 inmates

(

Appeal, Community, Remanded, Repentance

)

1,465 inmates

Total 9,623 inmates

Met

od In W

"Goodtime" is Calculated: N

Is Medical-Early or Compassionate Release Allowed: Yes

The South Carolina Department of Corrections institutes a policy known as the

"Medical Furlough Program for Terminally Ill Inmates".

Number of inmates released in FY13 based on t

e above: 2 inmates

Inmates Between t

e ages of 17 and 20: 840 inmates

Recidivism rate for total population base 3 years after release: 27.50%

SELECTED CHARACTERISTICS OF ADULT INMATES

(as of July 1, 2013)

SOUTH CAROLINA CORRECTIONS PROFILE

COMPARATIVE DATA REPORT ON CORRECTIONS 97

Southern Legislative Conference:

LA Legislative Fiscal Office

PROFILE QUESTION STATE RESPONSE:

Number of AIDS Cases: 171 inmates

Number of Inmates Tested for HIV Antibodies 9,569 inmates

Testing of Inmates By Category:

Admission Yes

Random N

Incident N

Hig

Risk Group N

Systems Frequency of Testing: Admission, Exposure, Indication

Inmates Testing Positive for HIV Antibodies: 188 inmates

e Sout

Carolina Department of Corrections does not segregate or isolate HIV-infected

inmates.

Number of known Hepatitis C Cases: 669 inmates

Number of Inmates being treated for Hepatitis C: 669 inmates

Testing of Inmates By Category:

Admission N

Random N

Incident N

Hig

Risk Group N

Systems Frequency of Testing: Physicians' Request or

Presence of Risk Factors

e Sout

Carolina Department of Corrections does not segregate or isolate Hepatitis C inmates.

An infection control coordinator monitors Hepatitis C inmates wit

elp of medical staff

to distribute information along wit

mont

ly c

ronic care clinics at institutions.

SELECTED CHARACTERISTICS OF ADULT INMATES

(as of July 1, 2013)

SOUTH CAROLINA CORRECTIONS PROFILE

COMPARATIVE DATA REPORT ON CORRECTIONS 98

Southern Legislative Conference:

LA Legislative Fiscal Office

e Sout

Carolina Dept. of Corrections is currently under a federal court order and

as been

since 1999. T

e court requires Sout

Carolina to allow certain inmates to

ave access to literature

(

but only in Administrative Segregation

)

, limits t

e use of drug dogs to searc

visitors and places

limitations on inmate labor for certain construction projects, HIV positive inmates will be

oused

in general population and eligible for all programs.

Elderly or Infirmed Inmates

All elderly and infirmary inmates committed to t

e Sout

Carolina Department of Corrections

are given a medical and mental

ealt

assessment upon admission. A treatment plan is

developed and t

e inmate is assigned to an institution according to

is medical or mental

ealt

needs. Sout

Carolina

as two

andicapped units for inmates t

ave ambulating,

earing, or

sig

t problems, and assisted living unit for inmates t

at need assistance. T

ere are 3 infirmaries

for any inpatient care needed w

includes a c

ronic care infirmary for t

e inmates t

at can no

longer care for t

emselves. If t

e Sout

Carolina Dept. of Corrections infirmaries cannot provide

e services, t

e inmates are admitted to a community

ospital for more intensive care. No

legislation

as been enacted to address t

is issue and individual inmate costs are not tracked.

Prison Based Substance Abuse Treatment Programs

e Sout

Carolina Department of Corrections

as t

e following substance abuse treatment

programs:

Goodman Addiction Treatment Unit: 45-bed residential program for female and youthful offenders with

6-9 mont

s of treatment using t

e T

erapeutic Community Model

(

$176,823 State Funds

)

Horizon Addiction Treatment Unit (at Lee Correctional): 256-bed residential program for male adult

offenders wit

6-12 mont

s of treatment using T

erapeutic Community Model

(

$619,113 State

Funds

)

Correctional Recovery Academy (at Turberville Correctional): 188-bed residential program for young

male offenders

(

ages 17-25

)

wit

6-9 mont

s of treatment using t

e T

erapeutic Community

Model

(

$489,271 RSAT

State Funds

)

Cami

e Gri

in Gra

am A

iction Treatment Unit: 48-

resi

entia

program

ema

e o

ers

wit

6-9 mont

s of treatment using t

e T

erapeutic Community model

(

$176,823 RSAT Funds

)

COURT ORDER REQUIREMENTS

STATE INITIATIVES

SOUTH CAROLINA CORRECTIONS PROFILE

COMPARATIVE DATA REPORT ON CORRECTIONS 99

Southern Legislative Conference:

LA Legislative Fiscal Office

STATE INITIATIVES (continued)

Pre-release

Post-Release

(

"Reentry"

)

Programs

Sout

Carolina's Department of Corrections operated a formal reentry program using federal

funds between 2002 and 2006. Subsequent to t

e termination of t

e program in June of 2006,

Sout

Carolina does not operate a formal re-entry as suc

;

owever, it continued to deliver

re-entry support functions t

roug

its 30-day pre-release and work program at Watkins

Pre-Release Center. In 2012, t

e Manning Correctional Institution became t

e new site for a

statewide pre-release program w

dedicated 600 beds to t

e project and expanded t

e 30-day

concept to 180-days of programming, training, and release assistance for departing offenders.

TENNESSEE CORRECTIONS PRO

FILE

COMPARATIVE DATA REPORT ON CORRECTIONS 100

Southern Legislative Conference:

LA Legislative Fiscal Office

PROFILE QUESTION STATE RESPONSE:

Average Age At Commitment: 33.8 years

Total Number of Inmates 50 Years or Older: 1,298 inmates

Average Sentence for New Commitments: 5.4 years

(excluding life sentences)

Average Time Served By Those Released: 5.3 years

(excluding life sentences)

The Three (3) Most Frequently Committed Crimes For Which

Inmates are Currently Serving Time: A. Homicide

B. Drugs

C. Robbery

Race and Sex Distribution:

Percentage White 52.43%

Percentage Black 45.11%

Percentage Hispanic 2.10%

Percentage Other 0.36%

Percentage Male 91.36%

Percentage Female 8.64%

Number of Inmates Serving Life 2,020 inmates

Number of Inmates Serving Life (Without Parole) 324 inmates

New Commitments to Life Sentences: 98 inmates

14.72%

SELECTED CHARACTERISTICS OF ADULT INMATES

(as of July 1, 2013)

Percentage of inmates that are considered to have mental

and/or emotional health conditions:

TENNESSEE CORRECTIONS PRO

FILE

COMPARATIVE DATA REPORT ON CORRECTIONS 101

Southern Legislative Conference:

LA Legislative Fiscal Office

PROFILE QUESTION STATE RESPONSE:

Inmates Serving Death Sentences: 80 inmates

Inmates Executed in FY 13: 0 inmates

Inmates Serving Twenty (20) Years or More: 3,600 inmates

Inmates That Have Already Served Twenty (20)

Years of Their Current Sentence: 1,698 inmates

Inmates Admitted Who Were Parole Violators: 2,070 inmates

Number of technical parole violators: 979 inmates

Number of new crime parole violators: 1,091 inmates

Inmates Released from Custody in FY 13 for the following:

Expiration of Sentence 4,995 inmates

Parole 5,224 inmates

Goodtime N/A inmates

Probation 4,886 inmates

Death 72 inmates

Other 1,556 inmates

Total 16,733 inmates

Method In Which "Goodtime" is Calculated: N/A

Is Medical-Early or Compassionate Release Allowed: Yes

By statute, the commissioner may grant furloughs for medical reasons to

inmates who meet very strict criteria. This furlough may be revoked at any

time. A furlough is not the same as a release.

3 inmates

Inmates between the ages of 17 and 20: 735 inmates

Recidivism rate for total population base 3 years after release: 46.40%

(as of July 1, 2013)

Number of inmates released in FY 13 based on the above:

SELECTED CHARACTERISTICS OF ADULT INMATES

TENNESSEE CORRECTIONS PRO

FILE

COMPARATIVE DATA REPORT ON CORRECTIONS 102

Southern Legislative Conference:

LA Legislative Fiscal Office

PROFILE QUESTION STATE RESPONSE:

Number of HIV/AIDS Cases: 221 inmates

Number of Inmates Tested for HIV Antibodies 493

Testing of Inmates By Category:

Admission N/A

Random N/A

Incident N/A

High Risk Group N/A

Systems Frequency of Testing: Intake (< 21), As clinically indicated (> 21)

Inmates Testing Positive for HIV Antibodies: 29 inmates

The Tennessee Department of Corrections (TDOC) does not segregate or isolate

HIV-infected inmates.

Number of known Hepatitis C Cases: 2,301 inmates

Number of Inmates being treated for Hepatitis C: 2 inmates

Testing of Inmates By Category:

Admission N/A

Random N/A

Incident N/A

High Risk Group N/A

Systems Frequency of Testing: Intake, As Needed

The Tennessee Department of Corrections does not segregate or isolate Hepatitis C inmates.

(as of July 1, 2013)

SELECTED CHARACTERISTICS OF ADULT INMATES

TENNESSEE CORRECTIONS PRO

FILE

COMPARATIVE DATA REPORT ON CORRECTIONS 103

Southern Legislative Conference:

LA Legislative Fiscal Office

The Tennessee Department of Corrections is not currently under a federal or state

court order.

Elderly or Infirmed Inmates

Elderly or infirmed inmates are placed in housing settings according to their needs and the

resources of the facility where they are housed. The residents of this unit are ambulatory

and do not require daily skilled care. Inmates requiring daily skilled care or who have

conditions that require close monitoring (may or may not be elderly) are placed at the

DeBerry Special Needs Facility (for males) or Tennessee Prison for Women (for females).

There is no special funding or separate facilities for elderly or infirmed inmates. There is no

state legislation addressing the care of the elderly or infirmed who are incarcerated.

Prison Based Substance Abuse Treatment Programs

The Tennessee Department of Corrections has a number of substance abuse treatment

programs:

* Intensive Group Therapy is a 4-month program designed to treat offenders with a medium need

for substance abuse programming. The program is performed in addition to daily duties.

* Therapeutic Community is offered for both men and women at multiple institutions across

the state and is a 9 to 12-month program. The program is the most intensive form of substance

abuse treatment available. Participants are assigned a full time job and expected to

participate on a daily basis.

TDOC tracks all substance abuse program participants. Program assignments, terminations,

completions, and attendance are tracked through the Tennessee Offender Management

System (TOMIS). TDOC can identify program participants who return to state custody.

Pre-release/Post-Release ("Reentry") Programs

Career Management for Success is a 12-week course to teach offenders subjects that are

critical for offender success and a safer community. Offenders within 24 months of release

are eligible and all services are state funded. Topics include:

STATE INITIATIVES

COURT ORDER REQUIREMENTS

TENNESSEE CORRECTIONS PRO

FILE

COMPARATIVE DATA REPORT ON CORRECTIONS 104

Southern Legislative Conference:

LA Legislative Fiscal Office

Pre-release/Post-Release ("Reentry") Programs (continued)

- Job search

- Housing

- Parole hearings and success while on parole

- Conflict management

- Victim impact

- Thinking for a Change

Transition Centers for males and females are run in a therapeutic community setting

and address substance abuse issues while adding in community service and work

release. The programs also helps participants with services like employment,

transportation, and identification before being released. Services are state funded.

Chattanooga Female Release Center is a 42-bed partnership between TDOC, Board

of Probation and Parole, and a non-profit service provider. The services provided

are life skills, victim impact, and short term reentry services.

A Parole Technical Violator Diversion Program (PTVDP) has been established

for male offenders. The Probation & Parole Board will determine eligibility and

selection of participants for the PTVDP with release on parole supervision

contingent upon successful completion of the anticipated 6-month program.

STATE INITIATIVES (continued)

TEXAS CORRECTIONS PROFILE

COMPARATIVE DATA REPORT ON CORRECTIONS 105

Southern Legislative Conference:

LA Legislative Fiscal Office

PROFILE QUESTION STATE RESPONSE:

Average Age At Commitment: 34 years

Total Number of Inmates 50 Years or Older: 7,071 inmates

Average Sentence for New Commitments: 6.5 years in Prison

(

excluding life sentences

)

0.8 years in State Jail

Average Time Served By T

ose Released: 4.3 years in Prison

(

excluding life sentences

)

0.8 years in State Jail

e T

ree

(

)

Most Frequently Committed Crimes For W

Inmates are Currently Serving Time as of June 30, 3013: A. Drugs

B. Robbery

C. Assault

Race and Sex Distribution:

Percentage W

ite 31.50%

Percentage Black 35.10%

Percentage Hispanic 32.90%

Percentage Ot

er 0.50%

Percentage Male 92.00%

Percentage Female 8.00%

Number of Inmates Serving Life 8,466 inmates

Number of Inmates Serving Life

(

Wit

out Parole

)

565 inmates

New Commitments to Life Sentences: 294 inmates

Percentage of inmates that are considered to have mental

and/or emotional health conditions: 16.01%

SELECTED CHARACTERISTICS OF ADULT INMATES

(as of July 1, 2013)

TEXAS CORRECTIONS PROFILE

COMPARATIVE DATA REPORT ON CORRECTIONS 106

Southern Legislative Conference:

LA Legislative Fiscal Office

PROFILE QUESTION STATE RESPONSE:

Inmates Serving Deat

Sentences

(

as of June 2013

)

: 281 inmates

Inmates Executed in FY 13: 19 inmates

Inmates Serving Twenty

(

)

Years or More: 50,710 inmates

Inmates T

at Have Already Served Twenty

(

)

Years of T

eir Current Sentence

(

as of June 2013

)

: 8,016 inmates

Inmates Admitted W

o Were Parole Violators: 5,770 inmates

Number of tec

nical parole violators: 998 inmates

Number of new crime parole violators: 4,772 inmates

Inmates Released from Custody in FY 13 for t

e following:

Expiration of Sentence 28,936 inmates

Parole 24,258 inmates

Goodtime 11,869 inmates

Probation 642 inmates

Deat

445 inmates

(

Substance Abuse & Felony Prevention Program

)

6,366 inmates

Total 72,516 inmates

Met

od In W

"Goodtime" is Calculated:

Inmates are approved by the Board of Pardons and Paroles and released from

prison to the supervision of the Parole Division. Eligibility requires prison time

plus good conduct time to equal total sentence.

Is Medical-Early or Compassionate Release Allowed: Yes

The Medically Recommended Intensive Supervision (HB 1670 - 78th Legislative

Session) program provides for early parole and release of certain offenders.

The purpose of this program is to release inmates who pose no or minimal

public safety risk.

Number of inmates released in FY 13 based on the above: 69 inmates

Inmates Between t

e ages of 17 and 20: 4,307 inmates

Recidivism rate for total population base 3 years after release: 22.60%

SELECTED CHARACTERISTICS OF ADULT INMATES

(as of July 1, 2013)

TEXAS CORRECTIONS PROFILE

COMPARATIVE DATA REPORT ON CORRECTIONS 107

Southern Legislative Conference:

LA Legislative Fiscal Office

PROFILE QUESTION STATE RESPONSE:

Number of AIDS Cases: 810 inmates

Number of Inmates Tested for HIV Antibodies 134,346 inmates

Testing of Inmates By Category:

Admission Yes

Random N

Incident Yes

Hig

Risk Group Yes

Systems Frequency of Testing: Intake, Pre-Release, Offender/Provider Request

Inmates Testing Positive for HIV Antibodies: 2,236 inmates

e Texas Department of Corrections does not segregate or isolate HIV-infected inmates.

Number of known Hepatitis C Cases: 17,614 inmates

Number of Inmates being treated for Hepatitis C: 234 inmates

Testing of Inmates By Category:

Admission N

Random N

Incident N

Hig

Risk Group Yes

Systems Frequency of Testing: High Risk, Offender Request

e Texas Department of Corrections does not segregate or isolate Hepatitis C inmates, but

educational materials are available to inmates, as well as peer education for prevention.

SELECTED CHARACTERISTICS OF ADULT INMATES

(as of July 1, 2013)

TEXAS CORRECTIONS PROFILE

COMPARATIVE DATA REPORT ON CORRECTIONS 108

Southern Legislative Conference:

LA Legislative Fiscal Office

The Texas Department of Corrections is not currently under a federal or state order.

Elderly or Infirmed Inmates

Certain units have been designated housing areas for geriatric offenders with less severe medical

issues, one facility has been designated for geriatric offenders with moderate medical issues, and

one 60-bed sheltered housing unit serves geriatric offenders with more significant medical issues.

State legislation, which established the Medically Recommended Intensive Supervision Program,

provides an alternative to continued incarceration for some offenders with significant medical

issues.

Prison Based Substance Abuse Treatment Programs

The Texas Department of Criminal Justice has established the following forms of Substance

Abuse Treatment Programs:

(1) Substance Abuse Felony Punishment Facilities (SAFPF): An intensive 6-month Therapeutic

Community program sentenced by a judge as a condition of probation or as a modification of

parole/probation. The program consists of orientation, main treatment, and reentry. Offenders

may also participate in peer support groups. FY 13 expenditures for this program were $44,468,026.

(2) In-Prison Therapeutic Community (IPTC): 6-month intensive therapeutic community

treatment program for offenders approved for parole contingent upon completion of the

program. FY 13 expenditures for this program were $17,130,073.

(3) Pre-Release Substance Abuse Program (PRSAP): An intensive 6-month treatment program

for offenders with serious substance abuse/dependency and antisocial characteristics from

Institutional Division Units. These offenders are within 6 months of release as identified by the

Texas Department of Criminal Justice Classification, Department and Parole Division. Treatment

modality is similar to Substance Abuse Felony Punishment Facilities, but is much more

condensed. Offenders may participate in peer support groups. FY 13 expenditures for this

program were $1,084,093.

COURT ORDER REQUIREMENTS

STATE INITIATIVES

TEXAS CORRECTIONS PROFILE

COMPARATIVE DATA REPORT ON CORRECTIONS 109

Southern Legislative Conference:

LA Legislative Fiscal Office

Prison Based Substance Abuse Treatment Programs (continued)

(4) Pre-release Therapeutic Community (PRTC): An intensive 6-month program for offenders in

a therapeutic community setting which provides pre-release services. The PRTC is comprised of

3 primary components: substance abuse treatment, cognitive restructuring, educational and

vocational training. FY 13 expenditures for this program were $749,454.

(5) In-Prison Driving While Intoxicated (DWI) Recovery Program: A program to adequately

address the scope of needs within the In-Prison DWI Recovery program. The best practice

approach utilizes a multimodal design that will accommodate the diversity of needs presented

in the population to maximize the potential of success for each offender. FY 13 expenditures for

this program were $3,024,253.

(6) State Jail Substance Abuse Program (SJSAP): This program was instituted to provide

rehabilitation services for those offenders who are confined in a State Jail Facility. To be eligible

an individual must be confined in a state jail, within 4 months of release, and in general population.

Offenders are placed in one of two tiers: 90 or 120 days based on offender's state of readiness and

progress. The FY 13 expenditures for this program were $2,480,829.

Pre-release/Post-Release ("Reentry") Programs

The Texas Department of Criminal Justice has a variety of pre-release and post-release programs

for offenders. For offenders being released on supervision, a residential placement is approved

by parole officers. This placement may be a private residence or a halfway house under contract

with the department.

InnerChange Freedom Initiative:

This program is offered by the Prison Fellowship Ministries at no expense to the offenders.

Male offenders who are within 18 to 30 months of release volunteer for this program.

The program uses biblical principles to assist offenders in making good moral decisions and

applying biblical values to life situations. Six months of aftercare is provided by the Parole

Division and the Program's Aftercare Office.

Faith Based Dorms:

Faith based dorms were implemented in January 2003 and have expanded to 70 facilities. The

dorms offer support and accountability, along with an intensive faith based curriculum and

STATE INITIATIVES (continued)

TEXAS CORRECTIONS PROFILE

COMPARATIVE DATA REPORT ON CORRECTIONS 110

Southern Legislative Conference:

LA Legislative Fiscal Office

Pre-release/Post-Release ("Reentry") Programs (continued)

mentoring program. The programming is conducted by local faith based community

volunteers whose activities are directed by the unit chaplain and unit administration.

Bible College:

In conjunction with the Texas Department of Criminal Justice, the Darrington Southwestern

Baptist Theological Seminary College offers a four year accredited bachelor's degree at no expense

to offenders. The first class will complete in May 2015 and the program is available to offenders

of all faith preferences or no faith preferences.

Serious and Violent Offender Reentry Initiative Program:

The SVORI program is offered to offenders that will be released to parole, mandatory

supervision, and flat time administrative segregation offenders. The program is designed to

reduce recidivism by better preparing and assisting offenders confined to administrative

segregation to successfully reenter their communities.

Sex Offender Education Program:

Offenders who are within 2 years of release are selected to participate in this program. Priority

is given to offenders who are assessed as low-risk to re-offend. Offenders participate in didactic

education programming for 3 to 4 months.

Sex Offender Treatment Program:

Offenders who are within 18 months of release are selected to participate in the Sex Offender

Treatment Program. Priority is given to offenders with two or more convictions for a sex offense,

who are being discharged and will be released without supervision. The program operates in a

therapeutic community and uses a cognitive based treatment modality. Priority is given to

offenders who are assessed as high risk to re-offend.

Wraparound:

For offenders who are not being released to supervision, community service providers are

recruited to meet with offenders and develop community resource plans to assist in meeting

their needs at the time of their release. Offenders are interviewed by staff to determine their

needs prior to their release.

STATE INITIATIVES (continued)

TEXAS CORRECTIONS PROFILE

COMPARATIVE DATA REPORT ON CORRECTIONS 111

Southern Legislative Conference:

LA Legislative Fiscal Office

Pre-release/Post-Release ("Reentry") Programs (continued)

Baby and Mother Bonding Initiative (BAMBI):

This program provides residential settings for state jail confinees and their newborn infants. The

initiative allows time to form a healthy attachment in a secure setting with a strong training and

education program for the mother. The mother also receives substance abuse education, life

skills, infant first aid and CPR, nutrition, anger, and time management, and if appropriate GED

classes and test-preparation. The program is in a residential facility for up to 15 new mothers.

During FY 13, 28 women completed the program.

Texas Correctional Office on Offenders with Medical or Mental Impairments (TCOOMMI):

The TCOOMMI Continuity of Care Program provides pre-release screening and referral to

aftercare treatment services for special needs offenders. The referral process begins up to 6

months prior to the offender's release into the community.

Administrative Segregation Pre-Release Program (ASPP):

The ASPP program is a 90-day program curriculum include a variety of topics including

anger/stress management, social skills, healthy relationships, etc. The program currently has

a capacity of 197 offenders that meet the eligibility requirements.

STATE INITIATIVES (continued)

VIRGINIA CORRECTIONS PROFILE

COMPARATIVE DATA REPORT ON CORRECTIONS 112

Southern Legislative Conference:

LA Legislative Fiscal Office

(

Fiscal Year 2012

)

PROFILE QUESTION STATE RESPONSE:

Average Age At Commitment: 34.4 years

Total Number of Inmates 50 Years or Older: 1,254 inmates

Average Sentence for New Commitments: 4.2 years

(

excluding life sentences

)

Average Time Served By T

ose Released: 3 years

(

excluding life sentences

)

e T

ree

(

)

Most Frequently Committed Crimes For W

Inmates are Currently Serving Time: A. Robbery

B. Larceny

Fraud

C. Assault

Race and Sex Distribution:

Percentage W

ite 37.00%

Percentage Black 60.00%

Percentage Hispanic 2.00%

Percentage Ot

er 1.00%

Percentage Male 93.00%

Percentage Female 7.00%

Number of Inmates Serving Life 1,279 inmates

Number of Inmates Serving Life

(

Wit

out Parole

)

1,178 inmates

New Commitments to Life Sentences: 36 inmates

22.80%

Percentage of inmates that are considered to have mental

and/or emotional health conditions:

SELECTED CHARACTERISTICS OF ADULT INMATES

VIRGINIA CORRECTIONS PROFILE

COMPARATIVE DATA REPORT ON CORRECTIONS 113

Southern Legislative Conference:

LA Legislative Fiscal Office

(

Fiscal Year 2012

)

PROFILE QUESTION STATE RESPONSE:

Inmates Serving Deat

Sentences: 9 inmates

Inmates Executed in FY 12: 1 inmate

Inmates Serving Twenty

(

)

Years or More: 7,972 inmates

Inmates T

at Have Already Served Twenty

(

)

Years of T

eir Current Sentence: 1,720 inmates

Inmates Admitted W

o Were Parole Violators: 116 inmates

Number of tec

nical parole violators: 24 inmates

Number of new crime parole violators: 92 inmates

Inmates Released from Custody in FY 12 for t

e following:

Expiration 0 inmates

Parole 625 inmates

Goodtime 1,081 inmates

Probation 9,826 inmates

Deat

63 inmates

(

Court order, Misc.

)

44 inmates

Total 11,639 inmates

Met

od In W

"Goodtime" is Calculated:

Every state responsible confined offender is eligible to receive sentence

credits through good conduct, program participation, etc.

Is Medical, Early or Compassionate Release Allowed: Yes

If parole eligible, offender may be reviewed for medical clemency or apply to

governor's office for clemency.

Number of inmates released in FY 12 based on t

e above: 0 inmates

Inmates Between t

e ages of 17 and 20: 67 inmates

Recidivism rate for total population base 3 years after release: 23.4% inmates

SELECTED CHARACTERISTICS OF ADULT INMATES

VIRGINIA CORRECTIONS PROFILE

COMPARATIVE DATA REPORT ON CORRECTIONS 114

Southern Legislative Conference:

LA Legislative Fiscal Office

PROFILE QUESTION STATE RESPONSE:

Number of HIV Cases: 1,202 inmates

Number of Inmates Tested for HIV Antibodies N

Testing of Inmates By Category:

Admission N

Random N

Incident N

Hig

Risk Group N

Systems Frequency of Testing: Clinically indicated or request

Inmates Testing Positive for HIV Antibodies: N

e Virginia Department of Corrections does not segregate or isolate HIV-infected inmates.

Number of known Hepatitis C Cases: 1,517 inmates

Number of Inmates being treated for Hepatitis C: 23 inmates

Testing of Inmates By Category:

Admission N

Random N

Incident N

Hig

Risk Group N

Systems Frequency of Testing: Clinically Indicated

e Virginia Department of Corrections does not segregate or isolate Hepatitis C inmates.

SELECTED CHARACTERISTICS OF ADULT INMATES

(as of July 1, 2012)

VIRGINIA CORRECTIONS PROFILE

COMPARATIVE DATA REPORT ON CORRECTIONS 115

Southern Legislative Conference:

LA Legislative Fiscal Office

e Virginia Department of Corrections was not currently under a federal or state court order.

Elderly or Infirmed Inmates

e Virginia Department of Corrections manages a 1,200-bed correctional continuing care

institution for independent living, assisted living, and skilled nursing care called Deerfield

Correctional Center. T

e total annual per capita cost is about $33,265.

Prison Based Substance Abuse Treatment Programs

e Matrix Mo

- T

is program is an evi

ence-

ase

intensive outpatient treatment mo

ity.

e treatment model consists of four components: early recovery, relapse, prevention, family

education and support groups.

Cognitive T

erapeutic Communities

(

CTCs

)

- T

e CTC program is an intensive resi

entia

treatment

model designed to address substance addiction, criminal t

inking and anti-social be

aviors.

ing

or a C

ange - T

is curricu

um uses, as its core, a pro

em so

ving program integrating

bot

cognitive restructuring and social skills interventions.

HIDTA

STAND - T

is program is a sentencing a

ternative

rug a

using o

ers an

tec

nica

violators under supervision.

aviora

Correction Program - T

ese program participants are a su

set o

e CTC program. T

program is a sentencing option for offenders wit

substance abuse needs. Judges are able to place

offenders directly into t

e CTC. Judges impose full sentence wit

a minimum of 3 years to serve.

Peer Support Groups - In

institutions an

Community Corrections, peer support groups

suc

as Narcotics Anonymous and Alco

olics Anonymous are provided by volunteers.

Treatment services expenditures totaled $5,230,468 for FY 11.

Pre-release

Post-Release

(

"Reentry"

)

Programs

Virginia's Department of Corrections provides several institution-based programming and

community-based programming to prepare offenders for release.

STATE INITIATIVES

COURT ORDER REQUIREMENTS

VIRGINIA CORRECTIONS PROFILE

COMPARATIVE DATA REPORT ON CORRECTIONS 116

Southern Legislative Conference:

LA Legislative Fiscal Office

Pre-release

Post-Release

(

"Reentry"

)

Programs

(

continued

)

1. T

e Reentry Services Unit is assigned to establis

communication and partners

ips between

institutions and probation and parole staff wit

in DOC as it relates to releasing offenders.

2. Community Placement Coordinators are assigned to t

e DOC's Community Release Unit,

and work on t

e development of

ome plans for inmates wit

serious medical and mental

ealt

issues.

3. T

e Offender Reentry Program initiates pre-release partners

ips wit

local jails and

community resources. Transition services are provided to offenders to reestablis

community

ties. Offenders participate in daily life skills and job readiness works

ops for 6 weeks.

4. T

e Virginia Serious and Violent Offender Reentry

(

VASAVOR

)

Initiative identifies services

and supervision needed by serious and violent offenders to en

ance t

eir c

ances for successful

reentry into t

e community.

5. T

e DOC contracts wit

6 Community Residential Programs t

roug

out t

e state and

include t

e following services: food and s

elter, urinalysis, basic life skills, substance abuse

education

treatment, individual

group counseling, and job placement.

STATE INITIATIVES (continued)

WEST VIRGINIA CORRECTIONS PROFILE

COMPARATIVE DATA REPORT ON CORRECTIONS 117

Southern Legislative Conference:

LA Legislative Fiscal Office

PROFILE QUESTION STATE RESPONSE:

Average Age At Commitment: N/A

Total Number of Inmates 50 Years or Older: N/A

Average Sentence for New Commitments: N/A

(excluding life sentences)

Average Time Served By Those Released: N/A

(excluding life sentences)

The Three (3) Most Serious Crimes For Which A. Sex Offense-Forcible

Inmates are Currently Serving Time: B. Burglary/Breaking & Entering

C. Homicide

Race and Sex Distribution:

Percentage White 86.79%

Percentage Black 11.69%

Percentage Hispanic 0.56%

Percentage Other 0.95%

Percentage Male 90.00%

Percentage Female 10.00%

Number of Inmates Serving Life 362 inmates

Number of Inmates Serving Life (Without Parole) 279 inmates

New Commitments to Life Sentences: N/A

15.20%

Percentage of inmates that are considered to have mental

and/or emotional health conditions:

SELECTED CHARACTERISTICS OF ADULT INMATES

(as of July 1, 2013)

WEST VIRGINIA CORRECTIONS PROFILE

COMPARATIVE DATA REPORT ON CORRECTIONS 118

Southern Legislative Conference:

LA Legislative Fiscal Office

PROFILE QUESTION STATE RESPONSE:

Inmates Serving Death Sentences: 0 inmates

(WV abolished the death

penalty in 1965)

Inmates Serving Twenty (20) Years or More: N/A

Inmates That Have Already Served Twenty (20)

Years of Their Current Sentence: N/A

Inmates Admitted Who Were Parole Violators: 552 inmates

Number of technical parole violators: 537 inmates

Number of new crime parole violators: 15 inmates

Inmates Released from Custody in FY 13 for the following:

Expiration of Sentence 850 inmates

Parole 1,654 inmates

Goodtime 0 inmates

Probation 46 inmates

Death 23 inmates

Other (Diagnostic Releases, Escapes, Court Ordered Releases, Anthony

Correctional Center for Young Adults Successful/Unsuccessful Completions) 458 inmates

Total 3,031 inmates

Method In Which "Goodtime" is Calculated: N/A

Is Medical-Early or Compassionate Release Allowed: Yes

The process is based policy. Application sent to warden of the facility, if

recommended goes to Commissioner of WVDOC, and if recommended

sent to Governor's Office for final approval.

Number of inmates released in FY 13 based on the above: 0 inmates

Inmates Between the ages of 17 and 20: 49 inmates

Recidivism rate for total population base 3 years after release: 26.3%

SELECTED CHARACTERISTICS OF ADULT INMATES

(as of July 1, 2013)

WEST VIRGINIA CORRECTIONS PROFILE

COMPARATIVE DATA REPORT ON CORRECTIONS 119

Southern Legislative Conference:

LA Legislative Fiscal Office

24 inmates

15 inmates

Admission N/A

Random N/A

Incident N/A

N/A

Clinically indicated or request

0 inmates

The West Virginia Department of Corrections does not segregate or isolate HIV-infected inmates.

526 inmates

0 inmates

Admission N/A

Random N/A

Incident N/A

N/A

Clinically indicated or request

The West Virginia Department of Corrections does not segregate or isolate Hepatitis C inmates.

STATE RESPONSE:

Number of AIDS Cases:

Number of Inmates Tested for HIV Antibodies

Inmates Testing Positive for HIV Antibodies:

Number of known Hepatitis C Cases:

High Risk Group

Systems Frequency of Testing:

PROFILE QUESTION

(as of July 1, 2013)

SELECTED CHARACTERISTICS OF ADULT INMATES

Number of Inmates being treated for Hepatitis C:

Testing of Inmates By Category:

High Risk Group

Systems Frequency of Testing:

Testing of Inmates By Category:

WEST VIRGINIA CORRECTIONS PROFILE

COMPARATIVE DATA REPORT ON CORRECTIONS 120

Southern Legislative Conference:

LA Legislative Fiscal Office

The West Virginia Department of Corrections is not currently under a federal or state court

order.

Elderly or Infirmed Inmates

The West Virginia Division of Corrections (WV DOC) has no specific strategy for elderly

inmates and no legislation has been enacted to address the issue. There are no programs

available specific to the elderly. Some facilities in West Virginia do have units where an

attempt is made to house the elderly together.

Prison-Based Substance Abuse Treatment Programs

The WV DOC has the programs ALADRUE, Helping Women Recover and Therapeutic Recover,

and Therapeutic Communities.

*Alcohol & Drug Education, Treatment, & Relapse Prevention (ALADRUE) was developed to

address the needs of incarcerated offenders who have used, abused, or are addicted to

drugs and alcohol. The premise of this program is to teach the participants the components

of physical effects of drugs and alcohol on the body, disease of addiction and effective

recovery programming.

*Helping Women Recover is a treatment program for women who are recovering from

substance abuse and psychological trauma in correctional settings. It is based on guidelines

for comprehensive treatment for women established by the federal government's Center of

Substance Abused Treatment (CSAT).

*Therapeutic Community (TC) program model is based on correctional programs operating

nationally that have achieved success in producing safer, more secure living units and lower

recidivism rates. The TC's were created in all designated facilities treatment units. These

identified TC's will guide and direct the power of social learning as the means to re-socialize

a substance abusing criminal population.

Pre-release/Post-Release ("Reentry") Programs

All WV DOC programs are focused on improving the offender's chances at successful

reentry. Examples of the programs offered in West Virginia that help an inmate transition

back into society include ALADRUE classes along with Women's Classes, Crime Victim

Awareness, DUI/DWI Flex Modules. Inmates also attend outside Alcoholics Anonymous

and Narcotics Anonymous meetings at various community locations.

STATE INITIATIVES

COURT ORDER REQUIREMENTS

1 Dividerpgs CSG 552 2014 07 CDR CORRECTIONS

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