General Electric Range 1908 36 78003138
User Manual: General Electric Range 1908 - 36
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ormNo
10-300
REV.
19
771
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT 01-THE INTERIOR
FOR NPS USE ONLY
NATIONAL PARK SERVICE
RECEIVED
NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES
DATE ENTERED
INVENTORY - NOMINATION FORM
SEE INSTRUCTIONS IN HOWTO COMPLETE NATIONAL REGISTER FORMS
TYPE ALL ENTRIES -- COMPLETE APPLICABLE SECTIONS_____
DNAME
Jiarretts Tunnels
AND/OR COMMON
0 LOCATION
STREET & NUMBER
3015 Barrett Station Road
_NOT FOR PUBLICATION
CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT
CITY. TOWN
Kirkwood
X
#2 - Hon.
VICINITY OF
Missouri
63122
Robert Younq
CODE
COUNTY
CODE
STATE
St.
29
Louis
189
[CLASSIFICATION
CATEGORY
—PUBLIC
_ BUILDING(S)
^.PRIVATE
-^STRUCTURE
—BOTH
—SITE
—OBJECT
STATUS
OWNERSHIP
JfolSTRICT
PRESENTUSE
X-OCCUPIED
—AGRICULTURE
X..MUSEUM
—UNOCCUPIED
—COMMERCIAL
_ PARK
—WORK IN PROGRESS
—EDUCATIONAL
__PHIVATE RESIDENCE
—ENTERTAINMENT
—RELIGIOUS
PUBLIC ACQUISITION
ACCESSIBLE
_ IN PROCESS
-XYES: RESTRICTED
_ GOVERNMENT
—SCIENTIFIC
_ BEING CONSIDERED
_ YES
—INDUSTRIAL
—TRANSPORTATION
_ MILITARY
—OTHER
UNRESTRICTED
_NO
I OWNER OF PROPERTY
NAME
National
Museum of Transport
STREET & NUMBER
_3015__Banrett .Statlonjtoad
________________
STATE
CITY. TOWN
St.
Louis____— VICINITY OF________Missouri
63103
LOCATION OF LEGAL DESCRIPTION
COURTHOUSE
REGISTRY OF I
iTC Recorder of Deeds, St.
Louis County Government Center
STREETS NUMBER
7900 Forsyth
CITY. TOWN
STATE
Clavton
Missouri
63105
REPRESENTATION IN EXISTING SURVEYS
Missouri State Historical Survey
1976
—FEDERAL
-X.STATE
_COUNTY
_LOCAL
DEPOSITORY FOR
SURVEY RECORDS
Department of Natural Resources
CITY, TOWN
STATE
Jefferson City
Missouri
65101
[DESCRIPTION
CONDITION
CHECK ONE.
EXCELLENT
_DETERIORATED
_GOOD
_RUINS
_XFAIR
_UNEXPOSED
_UNALTERED
ALTERED
CHECK ONE
_XoRIGlNAL SITE
_MOVED
DATE_____
DESCRIBE THE PRESENT AND ORIGINAL (IF KNOWN) PHYSICAL APPEARANCE
Barretts Railroad Tunnels Historic District encompasses 30 acres.
The Pacific
Railroad bed originally followed a ridge punctuated by narrow valleys. Be
ginning in 1853, these valleys have been filled in by developers, utilizing
spoil from the tunnels, resulting in the creation of a series of terraces. The
two railroad tunnels are approximately 1/4 mile apart and roughly face each other;
the east tunnel is oriented east-west, the west tunnel southwest-northeast. The
area between the tunnels is occupied by rolling stock, two frame buildings, and
three prefabricated pole barns.
The frame buildings have been there since the
1940's; the pole barns were, recently erected to shelter rolling stock.
None of
these buildings are being nominated to the National Register.
Barretts Station
Road roughly bisects the district along a southeast-northwest axis.
North of
the district is commercial development; west and south, the present day Missouri
Pacific tracks and a forested area that conceals a residential district.
The area
being nominated is presently under lease by the National Museum of Transport,
which hopes to become formally associated with the St. Louis parks and recreation
system and to eventually acquire more land to serve as a buffer zone.
The two tunnels are distributed along a one-half mile stretch of the original
Pacific Railroad track approximately fifteen miles west of the eastern terminus
of that railroad. They are cut through solid limestone and shale hills. The
overlay above the tunnels varies, being 50 feet at the deepest point.
It con
sists of limestone and soil covered with mixed scrub timber of the oak-hickory
forest. 1
The West Tunnel ', the shorter of the twg, was originally 440 feet long but has
eroded to its present 410 foot length/ The steep slope on either side of the
east portal has been faced with a stepped cut stone retaining wall. The east and
west ends of the west tunnel are reinforced with concrete portals. The rail bed
rests on a rock ballast floor flanked by guttering. On either wall, cut stone
wainscoting rises approximately five feet.
Because of the occurrence of shale
deposits in the walls, engaged piers line either side of the tunnel to provide
additional stability. These piers are constructed of cut stone, brick, or con
crete.
They rest either on the wainscoting or on pedestals and are spaced ap
proximately 12 feet apart. The tunnel is about 15 feet wide and 16 1/2 feet tall
in the center. The ceiling is limestone caprock and slightly arched.
The East Tunnel penetrates solid limestone and has not required the elaborate
reinforcement and portals of the west tunnel.
Its appearance is more that of a
mine shaft than a railroad tunnel. The track has been removed and there is
standing water inside. The tunnel is bell shaped--18' wide at the bottom, 14'
at the top, and 18' in height from floor to ceiling.
It has eroded from its
original 630 feet to its present length of 587 1/2 feet. 4
The 1400 foot stretch between the tunnels was brought to grade by spoil from the
tunnels, creating a fill up to 53 feet deep in places. The roadbed through the
tunnels and across the fill dividing them, maintains a grade of.just under 1%,
varying from 0.81% to 0.87% running from west to east.^
Form No. 10-300a
(Rev. 10-74)
UNITbD STATES DEPARTMENT Ol; THE INTERIOR
FOR NFS USE ONLY
NATIONAL PARK SERVICE
NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES
DATE ENTERED
INVENTORY -- NOMINATION FORM
BARRETTS TUNNELS
CONTINUATION SHEET
ITEM NUMBER
7
PAGE
1
ALTERATIONS
Major alterations to Barretts Tunnels include:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
1856-1857:
Stone piers erected in west tunnel for roof support
1857-?:
More stone piers, then brick piers and finally concrete piers
erected
1860:
Original pear-shaped 56 pound imported Welsh iron rails set at
5'6 1/2" gauge replaced by more conventional "T" shaped rails
1869:
Original 5'6 1/2" gauge reduced to what is now standard gauge
of 4'8 1/2"
1915:
90 Ib. ASCE rail laid
1929: west tunnel reamed out and concrete portals and piers constructed
and east tunnel also reamed out
1930:
110 Ib. RE rails laid
1944:
Missouri Pacific Railroad tracks removed from east tunnel (tracks
in west tunnel remain).6
CONDITION
There are no present threats to the soundness of the tunnels.
SITE
The area between the two tunnels is occupied by the National Museum of Transport.
Its large collection of train engines, motor vehicles, and other modes of trans
portation are distributed throughout the grounds or housed in three pole barns
and two frame buildings.
No buildings in the area are being nominated.
The
rolling stock is, however, being nominated and a list keyed to the site map
follows.
FOOTNOTES
1.
Personal correspondence from Edward K.
28, 1976.
Fehlig to Orval L. Henderson, April
2.
Data excerpted from a draft National Register Inventory-Nomination Form
prepared by John P. Roberts, M.D. (Secretary, National Museum of Transport).
3.
Personal correspondence, Fehlig to Henderson.
GPO
692
455
Form No
10-3003
(Rev. 10-74)
UN1TLDSTATLS DEPARTMENT Or THE INTERIOR
FORNPSUSE ONLY
NATIONAL PARK SERVICE
RECEIVED
NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES
DATE ENTERED
INVENTORY -- NOMINATION FORM
BARRETTS TUNNELS
CONTI NUATION SHEET_________________ITEM NUMBER
7
PAGE
2____________________
4.
Data excerpted from a draft National Register Inventory-Nomination Form
prepared by John P. Roberts, M.D.
5.
Missouri Pacific Railroad Survey, File No. S-1367, December 6, 1943 (with
later revisions).
6.
Personal correspondence, Fehlig to Henderson; data excerpted from a draft
National Register Inventory-Nomination Form prepared by John P. Roberts, M.D.
GPO
892
455
Form No
10-300a
(Rev. 10-74)
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
FOR NPS USE ONLY
NATIONAL PARK SERVICE
RECEIVED
NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES
INVENTORY -- NOMINATION FORM
°~- ENTEREC1
BARRETTS TUNNELS
CONTINUATION SHEET_________________ITEM NUMBER
7
PAGE
3______________
KEY TO MAJOR EXHIBITS FOR LOCATOR MAP
1.
1905 Brooklyn Elevated electric car #1365
2.
1893 Locomotive, Forney-Chicago Lake Street Elevated #9
3.
1889 Locomotive - Missouri
4.
1920 Nickel
5.
1936 Dynamometer Test Car - University of Illinois
6.
1900 Locomotive, Chicago & Northwestern #1015
7.
1930 Locomotive, Electric, Pennsylvania #4700
8.
Monsanto Library Car
9.
Private Car - CB&Q
Pacific #635
Plate Caboose #1143
10.
1908 Hudson & Manhattan Subway Car #256
11.
Illinois Terminal City electric car #410
12.
1893 General
13.
1908 Ferrovie dello Stato Locomotive E.550.025
14.
1896 St. Louis Public Service Street Sprinkler #60
15.
1894 St. Louis Public Service wrecker car #165
16.
1904 St. Louis Public Service Line maintenance car 77
17.
Lincolnshire (England) double deck "country bus"
18.
1932 Indianapolis Railways Trolley Bus
19.
1939 Southern Railway diesel-electric locomotive #6100
20.
1935 Baltimore & Ohio Diesel-Electric #50
21.
1937 Sabine River & Northern Diesel-Electric #408
Electric Locomotive #1
GPO
892
455
Form No
10-300a
[Rev. 10-74)
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
FOR MRS USE ONLY
NATIONAL PARK SERVICE
RECEIVED
NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES
INVENTORY -- NOMINATION FORM
DATE ENTERED
BARRETTS TUNNELS
ITEM NUMBER
CONTINUATION SHEET
PAGE
22.
1965 GATX Tank car
23.
1950 Missouri Pacific Railbus #604
24.
1869 Missouri
25.
1942 Norfolk & Western locomotive #2156
26.
1943 Chesapeake & Ohio locomotive #2727
27.
1905 Illinois Central
28.
1905 Canadian National locomotive #5529
29.
1926 Frisco locomotive #1522
30.
1927 Nickel
31.
1943 Southern Pacific locomotive #4460
32.
1905 Georgia Northern Combination car
33.
Post Office - baggage car, CB&Q #1942
34.
Baggage car CB&Q #1582
35.
Chair car CB&Q #6117 (exhibit car)
36.
1918 Frisco locomotive #1621
37.
1926 Terminal Railroad Association locomotive #318
38.
1918 Milwaukee Electric locomotive #E-2
39.
1910 electric streetcar St. Louis Water Division #10
40.
1889 Inspection locomotive, Reading "Black Diamond"
41.
1873 Baltimore & Ohio locomotive #173
42.
1873 Chicago & Northwestern locomotive #274
43.
1876 Boston & Albany locomotive #39 "Eddy Clock"
Pacific Derrick Wrecker X-136
locomotive #764
Plate locomotive #170
("Bolshevik")
GPO
892
455
Form No
10-300a
(Rev. 10-74)
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF Tl IE INTERIOR
FOR NFS USE ONLY
NATIONAL PARK SERVICE
RECEIVED
NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES
INVENTORY -- NOMINATION FORM
.DATE ENTERED
BARRETTS TUNNELS
CONTINUATION SHEET______
ITEM NUMBER
7
PAGE
44.
MKT boxcar #106
45.
1893 MKT locomotive #311
46.
1924 Illinois Terminal Interurban Car #104
47.
1928 Illinois Terminal electric locomotive #1595
48.
1918 Illinois Terminal electric locomotive #1575
49.
1916 Great Northern Vanderbilt tender
50.
1936 Joplin-Pittsburgh locomotive #1
51.
1896 Georgia Railroad locomotive #724
52.
1928 Alton & Southern locomotive #12
53.
1923 Chicago & Illinois Midland locomotive #551
54.
1941 Great Lakes Carbon locomotive #7
55.
Terminal Railroad locomotive #146 cf. also 89
56.
1902 St. Louis Waterworks electric car #17
57.
1904 Wabash Railroad caboose #2229
58.
1921 St. Louis Public Service trailer #426
59.
1902 St. Louis St. Charles & Western streetcar #3009
60.
1895 Southern Electric car #855
61.
1903 St. Louis & Suburban car #615
62.
1910 St. Louis Public Service car #1065
63.
1908 Laclede-Christy locomotive #2
64.
1880 St. Louis Car Co. horse car
GPO
B92
455
Form No. 10-300a
(Rev
10-74)
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OE THE INTERIOR
FOR NPS USE ONLY
NATIONAL PARK SERVICE
RECEIVED
NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES
INVENTORY -- NOMINATION FORM
DATE ENTERED
BARRETTS TUNNELS
ITEM NUMBER
CONTINUATION SHEET
65.
Bellefontaine Railway horse car 133
66.
Buffalo-Springfield road roller
67.
Case farm traction engine
68.
1943 Santa Fe locomotive #5011
69.
1941 Union Pacific locomotive #4006
70.
1927 New York Central
71.
Duluth, Hissabe & Iron Range locomotive #502
72.
1911
73.
1925 Pullman "St. Carvan" sleeper
74.
1926 Chesapeake & Ohio "City Tavern" diner
75.
1905 Chesapeake & Ohio Vanderbilt Private Car
76.
1911
77.
1924 Baltimore & Ohio diesel
78.
1910 private car "Colonial"
79.
1940 Missouri Pacific parlor car #750
80.
1948 Burlington diner "Silverspoon"
81.
1948 Northern Pacific sleeper #482
82.
1947 Frisco mail-baggage car #251
83.
1906 New York Central electric locomotive #113
84.
1955 General Motors Aero train (3 units)
85.
1939 Burlington "General
86.
1903 St. Louis Public Service Car #2250
PAGE
6
locomotive #2933
Delaware & Hudson #400 private car
Soo Line Business Car 49
locomotive #1
Pershing Zephyr" locomotive
GPO
B92
455
Form No. 10-300a
(Rev
10-74)
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OE THE INTERIOR
FOR NPS USE ONLY
NATIONAL PARK SERVICE
RECEIVED
NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES
INVENTORY -- NOMINATION FORM
DATE ENTERED
BARRETTS TUNNELS
ITEM NUMBER
CONTINUATION SHEET
PAGE
87.
1921 St. Louis Public Service Car #742
88.
1910 Union Tank Car cf. also 55
89.
TRRA tender
90.
1891 Wabash locomotive #573
91.
1900 St.
92.
1904 Anheuser Bush refrigerator car
93.
1920 ART refrigerator car
94.
1906 Frisco locomotive #3695
95.
1925 Delaware, Lackawanna & Western locomotive #952
96.
1908 C&EI coach #405
97.
1867 (?) Monon business car #90
98.
1891 Frisco business car #200
99.
1905 Cotton Belt mail-baggage car #71
L.
7
IM&S boxcar
100.
1921 Missouri Pacific commuter car #6210
101.
1905 Mississippi Central
102.
1941 Monsanto acid tank car
103.
1926 Boston & Maine gas-electric car
104.
1908 Illinois Terminal
105.
1926 Union Electric locomotive #1
106.
Vinegar tank trailer
107.
1924 Fruin-Colnon White Crane truck
108.
1950 Omaha Transit articulated bus #1315
coach #A-250
Interurban #241
GPO
892
455
Form No. 10-300a
(Rev. 10-74)
UNITED STATLS DEPARTMENT Or 1 111: INTERIOR
FOR NPS USE ONLY
NATIONAL PARK SERVICE
RECEIVED
NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES
DATE ENTERED
INVENTORY -- NOMINATION FORM
BARRETTS TUNNELS
CONTINUATION SHEET
ITEM NUMBER
109.
Roman Aqueduct (1st century A.D.)
110.
1925 Autocar truck
111.
1925 Pevely milkwagon
112.
1920 Bemis Bag dray wagon
113.
GMC vegetable vendor truck
114.
1924 GMC dump truck
115.
Forest Park Highlands roller coaster
116.
United Service Car (Dodge) 1950
117.
1963 Corvan
118.
Covered farm wagon
119.
chuck wagon
120.
1901 St. Louis automobile
121.
1914 Model T Ford
122.
1921 Cadillac
123.
1941 Cadillac
124.
1935 LaSalle
125.
1929 Rolls Royce
126.
1910 Buick Bus
127.
1906 Chase truck
128.
1904 Galloway express truck
129.
1915 International
130.
1926 International furniture van
7
PAGE
8
Stoke Truck
GPO
692
455
Form No
10-300a
(Rev. 10-74)
UN1TLD STATLS DEPARTMENT Ol ; Tilt INI LRIOR
FOR NPS USE ONLY
NATIONAL PARK SERVICE
RECEIVED
NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES
INVENTORY -- NOMINATION FORM
'DATE ENTERED
BARRETTS TUNNELS
CONTINUATION SHEET_________________ITEM NUMBER
7
PAGE
9__________________
131.
1935 Jaguar SS-1
132.
1925 Mack AC winch-flatbed truck
133.
1933 Mack-Mrazek moving van
134.
1920 Chicago truck
135.
1924 White truck cutaway chassis
136.
1901 Mobile steam truck
137.
1927 Studebaker - General
138.
State Hospital #2 fire wagons (4) hose set, 2 tank carts and ladder wagon
139.
1935 Austin taxi
(British)
140.
1949 Austin taxi
(British)
141.
1934 Lambert 145 Monocoupe airplane (Lindbergh)
142.
1930 bus, double deck, Fifth Avenue open top, yellow coach
143.
1936 bus, double deck, Fifth Avenue closed top, "Queen Mary," yellow coach
144.
1925 Autocar moving van with Fageol body of 1940's.
145.
1929 Elgin street sweeper
146.
Jinrickisha, Japanese
147.
Jinrickisha, Indian
148.
1909 Pierce Arrow motorcycle
149.
1952 James motorcycle
150.
1937 BSA military motorcycle
151.
1867 Otto and Langen gas engine
152.
1934 Chevrolet stake truck
153.
1932 bus, Renault (Paris)
fire truck
GPO
892
455
Form No
10-300a
(Rev. 10-741
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OE THE INTERIOR
FOR NFS USE ONLY
NATIONAL PARK SERVICE
RECEIVED
NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES
INVENTORY -- NOMINATION FORM
DATE ENTERED
BARRETTS TUNNELS
ITEM NUMBER
CONTINUATION SHEET
PAGE
10
154.
1931 Anheuser Bush private coach "Adolphus"
155.
1924 Toronto Transit Model Y yellow coach
156.
1926 GMC stake truck
157.
1920 electric fork lift - Municipal Opera
158.
1964 DiDia/Darin "Dream Car"
159.
1927 Falcon-Knight roadster
160.
1964 Chrysler turbine auto
161.
1960 Corvan sedan
162.
Horsedrawn hearse ca.
163.
1895 hansom cab
164.
Open Charbanc-type omnibus - St. Louis World's Fair 1904
165.
Two-seated cutter (sleigh) ca. 1890
166.
OX-5 aircraft engine ca. 1919
167.
1959 Ford gas turbine truck
168.
1935 Sentinel steam lorry
169.
1909 glider aircraft
170.
1924 American LaFrance Pumper fire engine
171.
1925 Mack AC construction truck
172.
1961
173.
"Valhalla" road grader
174.
St. Joe Minerals mining train
175.
1911 Jumbo farm traction engine
1900
Strick Re'alco van trailer
GPO
892
455
Form No
10-300a
(Rev. 10-74)
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENTS THE INTERIOR
FOR NFS USE ONLY
NATIONAL PARK SERVICE
RECEIVED
NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES
INVENTORY- NOMINATION FORM
DATE ENTERED
BARRETTS TUNNELS
ITEM NUMBER
CONTINUATION SHEET
11
176.
1930 Fifth Avenue double deck bus
177.
1940 London double deck bus A.E.G.
178.
1930 Plymouth locomotive, gas mechanical
179.
1930 Whitcomb diesel-mechanical
180.
Five U.S. Army freight cars
181.
1943 C-47 USAF airplane
182.
1887 Baltimore & Ohio Drawbridge engine
183.
1949 International
184.
1937 St.
185.
1929 Yellow Coach transit bus
186.
1929 Twin Coach transit bus
187.
1940 Yellow Coach diesel-hydraulic bus
188.
1936 Connecticut Company Yellow Coach Model 716
189.
1937 Greyhound Yellow Coach Model 743
190.
1935 New York Omnibus, Yellow Coach gas-electric
191.
1936 New York Omnibus - Yellow Coach
192.
1938 Public Service Coordinated New Jersey diesel-electric bus
193.
1925 Seidel Mack AC dump truck
194.
1924 Mack AB dump truck
195.
1953 Ford Stake truck
196.
1936 International farm state truck
197.
1929 Federal Wrecker
locomotive
armored truck
Louis County Transit bus
GPO
692
455
Form No
10-300a
(Rev. 10-74)
UNITED STATHS DLPARTMtNT Ol THE INTliRlOR
FOR NPS USE ONLY
NATIONAL PARK SERVICE
RECEIVED
NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES
INVENTORY -- NOMINATION FORM
DATE ENTERED
BARRETTS TUNNELS
CONTINUATION SHEET
ITEM NUMBER
198.
1941 St. Louis Public Service PCC streetcar
199.
1914 Panama Canal Locks towing locomotive
200.
1910 Lima - National Cash Register fireless steam locomotive
201.
1946 Street Railway Rail Grinder #215
202.
1893 Street Railway mail car
203.
1926 Mack AC truck tractor
204.
1923 Amerlcan-LaFrance ladder wagon
205.
1926 Seagraves ladder wagon
206.
CB&Q chair car #7200
207.
General American milk tank car #1057
208.
Standard Brands vinegar tank car #1634
209.
MKT Caboose #1
210.
MKT flat car #211
211.
MKT gondola #326
212.
MKT passenger coach #10
213.
Pedicab Vietnamese, tricycle
214.
1901 Studebaker phaeton carriage
SIGNIFICANCE
AREAS OF SIGNIFICANCE - CHECK AND JUSTIFY BELOW
PERIOD
—PREHISTORIC
_ARCHEOLOGY-PREHISTORIC
—.COMMUNITY PLANNING
—.LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE
—1400-1499
_ARCHEOLOGY-HISTORIC
--CONSERVATION
_LAW
__SCIENCE
_1 500- 1599
_AGRICULTURE-
JLECONOM1CS
—LITERATURE
^SCULPTURE
—SOCIAL/HUMANITARIAN
_ 1600-1699
—ARCHITECTURE
—EDUCATION
_ MILITARY
—1700 1799
__ART
^.ENGINEERING
_ MUSIC
X_1 800- 1899
^.COMMERCE
—.EXPLORATION/SETTLEMENT
—PHILOSOPHY
X_1900-
—COMMUNICATIONS
—.INDUSTRY
—POLITICS/GOVERNMENT
__RELIGION
—THEATER
X-TRANSPORTATION
—OTHER (SPECIFY)
—.INVENTION
SPECIFIC DATES
1851-1853
BUILDER/ARCHITECT
James
P.
Kirkwood
STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE
Barretts railroad tunnels are historically significant as the first railroad
tunnels west of the Mississippi River and as the only structural reminder of the
original Pacific Railroad left in Missouri. The tunnels represent not only the
technological development of American civil engineering of the 19th century, but
more importantly the railroad which expressed American expansionistic and im
perialistic policies of American politics and economics of the mid-1800's. As
one of Missouri's first three railroads, it acquainted the state's citizens with
state-sponsored, large scale industrial capitalism, working class discipline, and
time efficiency. The whole debate accompanying the financing of the railroad
and the series of construction problems mirrored the national debate over internal
improvements and the problems of railroad development.
The seeds of railroad fever were planted when Missourians considered their first
railroad in 1830.
In August of that year, the Missouri Republican called upon
St. Louis' 5,852 people to look at the miniature railroad locomotive which, on
a larger scale, would work miracles on the economy. 1
Investors and dreamers
came together to promote railroads.
Between December, 1836 and February, 1837,
seventeen railroads were incorporated by Missouri's General Assembly.
With few
exceptions, each extended from the Missouri or Mississippi rivers to an inland
town.
As yet, the river and the new age of steamboats held the attention of
investors and businessmen; it did not seem possible that anything would replace
rivers as primary transportation avenues.
But there was a movement for a transcontinental railroad, and competition arose
among cities to be the eastern terminus.
Chicago, New Orleans, Memphis and St.
Louis vied for this distinction. 3 It was this competition which prompted the
burst of railroad talk and planning for the Pacific Railroad Company.
This was
not just a provincial, commercial enterprise.
Its promoters spoke of national
and international use and need. The Pacific Railroad was to connect the East
with the Far East. The West with its rumored gold, minerals and free land, and
Asia with its own rumored trade goods and beckoning markets were to be linked
with St. Louis, Chicago, New Orleans and New York. This railroad was to close
the gaps and become the principal tool of American expansionism. Men such as
Thomas Hart Benton and William Gil pin saw the railroad as a crucial factor in
the fulfillment of Manifest Destiny wherein American influence spread into Asia
and dominated markets of economy and morality.
In an attempt to obtain grassroots political and financial support for the pro
ject, William Gilpin spoke to Jackson Countians. On November 5, 1849, Gilpin
begged them to know:
Form No
(Rev
10-300a
10-74)
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OI THE INTERIOR
FOR NPS USE ONLY
NATIONAL PARK SERVICE
RECEIVED
NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES
DATE ENTERED
INVENTORY -- NOMINATION FORM
BARRETTS TUNNELS
CONTINUATION SHEET
ITEM NUMBER
8
PAGE
1
This central railroad is an essential domestic institution:
more powerful and permanent than law, or popular consent...
(it would) bind the two seaboards to this one nation, like
ears to the human head., .(and)...our_ diplomacy shall receive
a wise direction...when men of sense...shall sail over from
Astoria to Pekin(g), and there converse, with the Oriental Court.
On the Pacific, in front of us, are 400,000,000 people of the
tropics Polynesians, South Americans, Southern Asiatics among
whom wheat is not cultivated, and animal food, other than fish
and poultry, very scarce....
Here, then, will be the market....
It is not ambition that impels us_, citizens of Missouri, to
advance to the advocacy of this great work with our whole un
shackled energies it is high religious duty. 4
On March 12, 1849 the rhetoric and dreams began to be realized when the Governor
signed the bill creating the Pacific Railroad Company. 5 The charter called for
the construction of a railroad westward from St. Louis via Jefferson City to the
western boundary of the state, "...with a view to being continued to the Pacific
Ocean." 0 The exuberance over the charter soon diminished as a cholera epidemic
broke out and claimed ten per cent of St. Louis' population.7 As if the epidemic
were not devastation enough, a fire broke out on the steamboat White Cloud, and
spread from the boat throughout the waterfront and into the townT5 With the
town's attention absorbed by these catastrophes, the railroad was pushed aside
and not reconsidered until late January, 1850 when a board of directors was
named.
John 0'Fall on became president while Thomas Alien served as secretary
and Daniel D. Page as treasurer. 9 O'Fallon and Alien were advantageously con
nected with the federal and state governments--0'Fallon as a colonel and Alien
as a senator in the state legislature.
The directors pledged $154,000, petitioned
Congress for a land grant, and presented the state legislative body with re
quests for aid.10 The promoters urged St. Louisians to shake their lethargy and
promised that, with a railroad, their city would be lively throughout the winter
with an alternative to the natural restrictions of an ice-bound river. 11
The
promoters promised to open up new avenues of trade; farmers heard:
"Let the
farmers build the road, and the road will build the farmers." 12
The company selected James P. Kirkwood as chief engineer and asked him to survey
for the best possible route.
Born in Scotland, Kirkwood had worked in Massachu
setts in 1832 on three railroads and acquired a reputation for skill and innova
tion. IJ As a founder of the American Society of Civil Engineers, Kirkwood was
qualified for the job of chief engineer.
Form No
10-300a
(Rev. 10-74)
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT Oh THE INTERIOR
FOR NPS USE ONLY
NATIONAL PARK SERVICE
RECEIVED
NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES
INVENTORY -- NOMINATION FORM
DATE ENTERED
BARRETTS TUNNELS
CONTINUATION SHEET
ITEM NUMBER
8
PAGE
2
He surveyed three routes from St. Louis to Jefferson City.
The first ran along
the ridge between the Meramec River and River des Peres valleys; it would run
149.03 miles and cost $3.8 million.
The second followed the Missouri River as
closely as possible; it ran 121.87 miles and cost $2.9 million.
The third ex
tended from Carondolet and Gravois creeks along the Meramec divide; it would run
130.58 miles and cost $3.2 million.
Kirkwood preferred the route following the
ridge between the Meramec and River des Peres because "The interests which it
assists and develops are so important, and promise such results, as to make it...
the safest return as an investment...."^ The interests it served seem to have
been opening up markets in southern Missouri and diverting the trade of lead and
agricultural products from the lower Mississippi to St. Louis.
By this route,
the railroad did not have to compete, initially, with river traffic.
Kirkwood
hoped to locate the western terminus at Kansas City where the railroad could
more favorably compete with river trafficj^ j ne Board consciously supported
policies and a route which drew trade off the rivers.17 However, the route was
not the easiest and not the cheapest; by 1855 and with the experience of tunnel
construction behind them, the stockholders realized their first error.18
On Ouly 4, 1851 a crowd gathered around Chouteau's Pond, in St. Louis, and
.:
cheered as the ground opened to the spade and as Alien exhorted, "The railroad
saves time, and time is money."!" Notice went out to contractors to place bids
for the first sections of construct!on.20 Actual work commenced on August 1,
1851.
Each mile was let to a separate contractor and his personal crew.
Unlike
Alien, the contractors were not driven by the need to save time or money.
Their
deadlines were set on November 1, 1852; all but one was late.^1
A few departed,
leaving their sections incomplete and leaving the Company with the additional
expense of letting new contracts.
The immediate source of the delays was two
fold:
scarcity of labor and cost increases for materials." The directors
recognized that the major delay came from Sections 16 and 17 which were in charge
of the tunnel construction, and they admitted to not having foreseen the complex
ity of such construction.23
"Few other physical undertakings are approached with anything like the uncertain
ty of tunnel work."24 This generalization held in 1851 when workers first faced
the hills to cut Barretts Tunnels, just as it did when Robert M. Vogel of the
Smithsonian Institution made it in 1964.
While soft tunnelling, as through earthen
hills or under rivers, has advanced with the flow of new theoretical concepts, new,
improved, and strengthened materials, the technology of hard rock tunnelling, like
that employed in building Barretts Tunnels, has only advanced through differing
combinations of the same elements employed in constructing Barretts Tunnels.
Many
of the chances attendant on building Barretts Tunnels would be present were the
tunnels built today.
Form No
10 300a
(Rev. 10-74)
UNITED STATUS DhPARTMENI Ol THE INTERIOR
FOR NFS USE ONLY
NATIONAL PARK SERVICE
RECEIVED
NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES
INVENTORY -- NOMINATION FORM
^TE ENTEREO————————————
BARRETTS TUNNELS
CONTINUATION SHEET_________________ITEM NUMBER
8
PAGE
3__________________
The Barretts Tunnels are monuments to a technology that has not changed so much
as it has been replaced.
Hard rock tunnelling "...remains largely independent
of the realm of mathematical analysis long after the time when all but the most
insignificant engineering works were designed by that means." 25 To construct
hard rock tunnels like Barretts Tunnels, excavation proceeded by:
1) mechanical
drilling and cutting; 2) blasting; 3) drilling and blasting. 25 Brute force
transcended engineering and the Pacific Railroad Company hired dozens of Irish
men to do the work. 27
The best tunnel engineer in the 1850's hired the strongest backs and worked them
the_hardest.
Tunnelling in hard rock was a brutal business and "in tunnelling
as in no other branch of civil engineering did empiricism so long resist the
advance of scientific theory; in no other did the 'practical engineer 1 remain to
such an extent the key figure in establishing the success or failure of a pro
ject."" The more impressive civil engineering feats, graceful bridges and
giant skyscrapers, often inspire artists and poets; tunnels generally do not.
Construction of the 1850's hard rock tunnel began at the ceiling.
Workmen did
not begin at the base of the hills to build Barretts Tunnels, but cut into the
sides of the hills, using the spoil as fill to raise the surrounding ground to
the level of the tunnel floor.
Beginning at the ceiling level, men proceeded,
with picks, chisels and shovels, to carve out a low tunnel or "adit," about five
feet high, just big enough to accommodate a work crew of Irishmen.
These men
kept driving the adit through the hill using muscles applied to mechanical tools.
Other men, using hand driven augers, drilled holes in the floor of the adit.
These holes were then charged with black powder.
Blasting force thus did the
work of loosening most of the solid material in the construction process. 29 The
loosened rock was then loaded into mule-drawn dump carts and hauled to the 1400
foot long fill area between the two tunnels.
This fill area is up to 53 feet
deep.
Barretts Station, between the two tunnels, and Barretts Station Road,
crossing the railroad track near the depot, both stand partly on the spoil hauled
from inside the tunnels.
With over 1,000 men working on the railroad in 1851, the company wanted a dis
ciplined working force loyal to its own drive for efficiency of time and money. 30
The directors complained of strikes, riots and resistance of landowners.
However,
they believed the chief obstacle came from experiencing "...the inconvenience in
regard to procuring and controlling labor, of being upon the frontier. 31
Most
of the porkers were Irish immigrants who built shanties on the edge of the con
struction line and moved as the work progressed.
The company rejected their
attempts to obtain a recognized labor agent in the form of the Irish Immigrant
Association.
The major fringe benefit came from the Company's willingness to
Form No
10 300a
(Rev. 10-74)
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OE THE INTERIOR
FOR NFS USE ONLY
NATIONAL PARK SERVICE
RECEIVED
NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES
INVENTORY -- NOMINATION FORM
DATE ENTERED
BARRETTS TUNNELS
CONTINU ATION SHEET _______
ITEM NUMBER
8
PAGE
4____________________
provide medical services to employees who were ill or injured on the job.32
This became important when Asiatic cholera once again struck St. Louis in 1851.
Believing that alcohol was a deterrent to cholera, the company supplied the
beverage to its employees.
The cholera remained and many employees not only
fell ill but also drunk and disorderly.
The cholera epidemic was especially
severe around Barretts and those who did not fall ill were frightened away."
Several hundred men worked on Sections 16 and 17 which was the hard rock excava
tion of Barretts Tunnels one 630 feet and the other 440 feet long and 50 feet
in depth.
The close work underground, in a damp, cold, and dark environment
lent justification to their suspicion that they were more susceptible to the
disease.
Coupling this fear with bad management and poor working conditions
resulted in lengthy delays on this section and periodic abandonment of work by
both contractors and laborers. 34 On New Year's Day of 1853 rioting broke out
between Sections 18 and 17.
Sixty armed men attacked each other; two were
killed and several injured.
The chief engineer insisted on having the St. Louis
Grays and the Missouri Artillery called out to restore order.
By the time the
military arrived most of the rioters had passed out from drinking and fighting
or were recovering from hangovers.
Some St. Louis newspapers urged the railroad
and the military to keep the workers in line while others mocked the over-reaction
and exaggeration which the riots had generated.
Accounts offered reasons for
the riots ranging from bad management, the cholera, religious differences, to
drunkenness.
The police succeeded in breaking up "six liquor shanties" and
dumped gallons of whiskey into ditches.
The company finally decided to control
the amount of whiskey dispensed to ward off cholera.
By the summer of 1853, about 40 miles of the 5'6" gauge rail-bed with its
white oak ties and the first two railroad tunnels west of the Mississippi were
completed to the Franklin County line and opened to traffic.
Passengers could
travel from Kirkwood to St. Louis for 50 cents round trip and newspapers began
reporting the arrival of wheat by rail into the city.3
Land values doubled
and tripled. 3 '
The Missouri Intelligencer reported:
Towns shoot up and sprinkle themselves along the route of a railroad as
naturally as buds, blossoms and fruit issue out of the sap and cluster
round the bank of the fruitful bough.
...already on the line of the
Pacific Railroad including only its first division we have the nuclei
of no less than six towns....38
The railroad and its promoters lent names to the new commercial centers-Chittenham, Kirkwood, Allenton, Webster College, Sulphur Spring Village and
Franklin.
Hopes were high; the railroad had thus far overcome many obstacles
and a return in the form of increased land values and the development of new
trade centers seemed to warrant the exuberance expressed in the railroad songs
Form No
(Rev
10-300a
10-74)
UNITtD STATES DtPARTMLNT Ol-' THL INTERIOR
FOR NFS USE ONLY
NATIONAL PARK SERVICE
RECEIVED
NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES
INVENTORY -- NOMINATION FORM
.DATE ENTERED
BARRETTS TUNNELS
CONTINUATION SHEET
ITEM NUMBER
being sung in St. Louis theatres. 39
Among the Board of Directors, the optimism assumed a more cautious note.
Con
tinually, they confronted the problem of undercapitalization and the need to
find new sources of capital.
At the start, the St. Louis promoters determined to
raise their capital locally and not go to New York, Boston or Europe. 40 They
planned to rely on individual and corporate subscriptions which would be supple
mented by state appropriations and federal land grants.
Subscriptions from the
private sector were insufficient to support the construction; thus, railroad
promoters worked at tying business to government and securing funds from state
and federal sources.
The Missouri General Assembly finally agreed to take first
mortgage on the railroad in the amount of two million dollars in 1851. 4T
It was
not until 1852 that Congress passed the land grant bill to aid the Pacific Rail
road.
From 1850 to 1865 the company was capital deficient.
By the time it
realized the necessity for outside capital, most of the outside sources had al
ready gone to the Chicago railroad system. 43
The Civil War delayed the railroad in its attempts to reach Kansas City.
By
1859, the Company saw 163 miles completed, but stockholders waited until Sep
!Ptember 20, 1865.to witness the arrival of the first train in Kansas City. 44 The
time lapse between 1830, when St. Louisians first saw a locomotive, and 1865,
bore heavily upon the railroad promoters' first dreams and visions.
The Missouri
Pacific failed to become the "head which united the two ears" as William Gil pin
had so fervently hoped.
Omaha and the Union Pacific Railroad would assume that
distinction.
Still, the Missouri Pacific boldly stretched itself across the
State connecting not only Kansas City and St. Louis, but also sending branch
lines into Springfield and the whole southwest.
The Museum of Transport, which presently occupies the area between the tunnels,
is a non-profit educational organization supported by more than 700 members and
operated by a board of directors elected by the membership.
It was incorporated
in May, 1946 for the purposes of permanent preservation and exhibition of his
toric transportation devices and equipment, establishment of a library of trans
portation literature, and to provide facilities for technical and academic re
search into various problems of transportation.
The survey of Missouri's historic sites is based on the selection of sites as
they relate to theme studies in Missouri history as outlined in "Missouri's
State Historic Preservation Plan."
Barretts Tunnels Historic District is,
therefore, being nominated to the National Register of Historic Places as an ex
ample of the theme of "Technology."
Form No
10-300a
(Rev. 10-741
UNITED STATUS DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
FOR NPS USE ONLY
NATIONAL PARK SERVICE
RECEIVED
NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES
DATE ENTERED
INVENTORY -- NOMINATION FORM
BARRETTS TUNNELS
CONTINUATION SHEET
ITEM NUMBER
PAGE
FOOTNOTES
1.
Missouri Republican, August 24, 1830.
2.
Dorothy Jennings, "Railroad Development in Missouri Before the Civil War"
(unpublished Master's thesis, Washington University, 1930), p. 6.
3.
W.J. Burton, "History of the Missouri Pacific Railroad" (St. Louis:
Pacific Railroad, 1956), pp. 50-53.
(mimeographed)
4.
William Gil pin, Mission of the North American People, Geographical, Social
and Political (Philadelphia:J.B. Lippincott & Co., 1873)7 pp. 135-167.
5.
Missouri, House Journal, p. 574 (1849).
6.
Ibid.
7.
Burton, pp. 44-45.
8.
Ibid.
9.
Pacific Railroad Commenced (St. Louis:
1850) unpaginated.
Missouri
Republican Book and Job Office,
10.
Ibid.
11.
Burton, p. 59.
12.
Collection of bound pamphlets on Pacific Railroad (Reference in Missouri
Historical Society, St. Louis), Pamphlet No. 16, p. 8.
13.
Burton, p. 71.
14.
Ibid., p. 94.
15.
Ibid., p. 77.
16.
First Annual Report of the Board of Directors of the Pacific Railroad: and
the Report of the ChlQf Engineer Upon the Preliminary Surveys (St. Louis:
Republican Book and Job Office, 1851), January 10, 1851, pp. 53-54.
17.
Ibid., March 31, 1851, p. 13.
Form No
IRev
10-300a
10-74)
UNlTCDSTATLSDIil'ARTML.NTOITHE INTERIOR
FOR NPS USE ONLY
NATIONAL PARK SERVICE
RECEIVED
NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES
INVENTORY -- NOMINATION FORM
BARRETTS TUNNELS
CONTINUATION SHEET_________________ITEM NUMBER
8
PAGE
7___________________
18.
Burton, p. 72.
19.
Missouri Republican, July 6, 1851.
20.
St.
21.
Third Annual Report of the Board of Directors of the Pacific Railroad (St.
Louis:
Republican Book and Job Office, 1853), March 28, 1853, p. 7.
22.
Ibid.
23.
Ibid.
24.
Robert M. Vogel, Tunnel Engineering, A Museum Treatment (Washington:
Smithsonian Institution, 1964), passim.
25.
Ibid.
26.
Karoly Szechy, The Art of Tunnelling (Budapest:
pp. 614-615.
27.
Missouri Republican, January 3, 1853; St. Louis Intelligencer, September 22,
1851, December 15, 1851.
28.
Vogel, Tunnel
29.
Ibid., p. 209.
"The top-heading plan was followed so that the bulk of the
rock could be removed in the form of a bottom bench, and the majority of
drilling would be downward, obviously the most effective direction.
Blasting
was with black powder and its commercial variants."
30.
St. Louis Intelligencer, December 15, 1851.
31.
Third Annual
32.
Papers on Railroads (MSS in Missouri Historical Society, St. Louis), see
account records with James M. Ward, May 12 through July 11, 1853 and with
R. and J. Adams, June 1, 1850.
33.
Burton, p. 105.
34.
Ibid.
Louis Intelligencer (Missouri), July 7, 1851.
Akademiai Kiado, 1973),
Engineering, p. 204.
Report of the Board of Directors of the Pacific Railroad.
Form No
10 300a
(Rev. 10 74)
UNITED STATES DEI'ARI'MI-NT OE THE INTERIOR
FOR NPS USE ONLY
NATIONAL PARK SERVICE
RECEIVED
NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES
INVENTORY -- NOMINATION FORM
IDATE ENTERED___________
BARRETTS TUNNELS
CONTINUATION SHEET________
___
ITEM NUMBER
8
PAGE
8_________________
35.
For riot accounts see:
Missouri Republican, January 3, 4, 5, 1853 and
Daily Horning Herald, January 4, 5, 6, 1853.
36.
Missouri
37.
Collection of bound pamphlets of Pacific Railroad, Pamphlet No. 16, p. 8
and Second Annual Report of the Board of Directors of the Pacific Railroad
(St. Louis:
Republican Book and Job Office, 1852), March 29, 1852, p. 8.
38.
St. Louis Intelligencer, January 25, 1853.
39.
Daily Horning Herald (Missouri), January 10, 1853.
40.
Burton, p. 35.
41.
John W. Million, State Aid to Railways in Missouri
Chicago Press, 1896), p. 65.
42.
Burton, p. 35.
43.
Report of the Transportation Bureau of the St. Louis Merchants Exchange,
April, 1876.
44.
George W. Hugh, S. P. Vannoy and H. Overstolz, "Missouri Public Works Board
Railroad Report," January 10, 1859, and John Kerr, The Missouri Pacific
(New York:
Railway Research Society, 1928), pp. 14-15.
Republican, May 26, 1853.
(Chicago:
University of
HfMAJOR BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REFERENCES
1.
Abbott,
Ephraim
Horticulture,
Cultivators
E.
2.
K.
Oohn
62,
The
of the Soil
Woodward and
Abel,
______Vol.
(ed.)
Education,
F.
No.
2
Valley
and
Farmer:
Domestic
A Monthly Journal
Economy,
Adapted
in Valley of the Mississippi,
Ephraim Abbott,
of Agriculture,
to the Wants
1850-1853.
of the
St.
Louis:
1850-1853.
"Tunnel
Mechanics,"
(April,
1967).________
Quarterly of the
Colorado School
of Mines,
————
EJGEOGRAPHICAL DATA
ACREAGE OF NOMINATED PROPERTY
BPPrOX;
30
aCTgS
UTM REFERENCES
A|U5|
ZONE
___cQjjJ
I 7| 2, 1| 7, 5, 0|
I 4, 2t. 7t.2t 4, 3, 0)
EASTING
NORTHING
I ?l 2, 0| 8, 0, 0|
| 4, 2| 7, 1|_8, 0, 0|
all, 5|
ZONE
pj 1, 5|
I 7| 2, ll 8, 4, 0[
EASTING
I 4, 2l 7, 2l 2, 1, Q|
NORTHING
| 7| 2, 0| 7, 0, 0[
| 4, 2| 7, 2| Q6 ,0 |
VERBAL BOUNDARY DESCRIPTION
Barretts Tunnels Historic District is bounded on the south by the present day
Missouri Pacific Railroad tracks, on the east and west by the east and west ends
of the two respective tunnels, and on the north by an irregular boundary that
includes the tunnels and the National Museum of Transport but excludes all other
intrusions
(refer to U.S.G.S. map).
LIST ALL STATES AND COUNTIES FOR PROPERTIES OVERLAPPING STATE OR COUNTY BOUNDARIES
STATE
CODE
COUNTY
CODE
STATE
CODE
COUNTY
CODE
HlFORM PREPARED BY
NAME/TITLE
1.
Priscilla A.
Evans
ORGANIZATION
DATE
Missouri Valley Research Consultants
STREETS NUMBER
December 3, 1976
'
_______________P.O.
TELEPHONE
Box
1773_________________________314/449-Q389
CITY OR TOWN
STATE
Columbia____________________________Missouri 65201
HISTORIC PRESERVATION OFFICER CERTIFICATION
THE EVALUATED SIGNIFICANCE OF THIS PROPERTY WITHIN THE STATE IS:
NATIONAL _A.
STATE___
'
LOCAL___
As the designated State Historic Preservation Offic'er for the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966 (Public Law 89-665), I
hereby nominate this property for inclusion in the National Register and certify that it has been evaluated according to the
criteria and procedures set forth by the National Park Service.
STATE HISTORIC PRESERVATION OFFICER SIGNATURE
T , TLE
__
__
____
___
__
_____
_____
_____ ______
___
Director, Department of Natural Resources,
DATE
and State Historic Preservation Offirer___________________
FORNPS USE ONLY
I HEREBY CERTIFY THAT THIS PROPERTY IS INCLUDED IN THE NATIONAL REGISTER
DATE
DIRECTOR, OFFICE OF ARCHEOLOGY AND HISTORIC PRESERVATION
ATTEST:
KEEPER OF THE NATIONAL REGISTER
Form No
{Rev
10-300a
10-74)
:
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OI; THE INTERIOR
FOR NFS USE ONLY
NATIONAL PARK SERVICE
RECEIVED
NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES
INVENTORY -- NOMINATION FORM
[DATE ENTERED-———-————-—
BARRETTS TUNNELS
CONTINUATION SHEET
3.
Address
August
4.
of the
20,
Directors
1859.
Alien, Thomas.
September 6,
5.
_________ITEM NUMBER
Annual
St.
of the
Louis:
Speech of Mr.
1852.
Vols.
1-22
City,
PAGE
& Company,
Louis
Missouri:
of Directors
(1850-1872).
1_____________________
Railroad to the
Knapp
Alien of St.
Jefferson
Report of the Board
Stockholders.
Pacific
George
9
"1859.
in the State Senate on
n.p.,
of the
St.
People of Missouri,
Printers,
1852.
Pacific
Railroad
to
the
Louis:Pacific Railroad Company,
1850-1872.
6.
Benton,
Bill
7.
Berger,
Vol.
8.
Thomas
H.
Speech
on January 16,
Oohn Torrey.
Ill,
No.
4
Charter and Acts
Chomeau,
St.
"Centennial
Relating
Church,
10.
ca.
Parish,
State.
12.
Dahl,
June Wilkinson.
Mo.:
The
Howard
L.
16.
the
in
Pacific
Missouri,
Reference
City,
Railroad.
1832-1957.
Ellen Meara.
Church,
1967.
Gilpin,
William.
Political.
to Such
Mo.:
G.
St.
Louis
Review,
Daily Times
A History of
Kirkwood,
Railroads
W.
Cheeney,
A History of Kirkwood,
(St.
Society,
Louis,
Mo.:
St.
Peter's
as
Have
Public
Received Aid
Printers,
Roberts, M.D.
The Saint
Mission of the
Philadelphia:
Register
Irish.
Inventory-Nomination
National
St.
North American
J.B.
1851-1965.
Vol.
III.
Kirkwood,
1850-1853.
(Secretary,
Louis
Missouri,
1859.
1965.
Missouri),
Data excerpted from a draft National
and
1855.
Kirkwood Historical
Encyclopedia of the History of Missouri.
Kirkwood Historical
Daily Morning Herald
Dolan,
Note,"
Pacific Railroad
One Hundred and Twenty-five Years:
(ed.)
prepared by John P.
15.
to
Jefferson
Conrad,
14.
Historical
the
Globe Office,
1957.
11.
13.
on
Congressional
1964).
Kirkwood,
Compilation of the Laws
From the
of Missouri
1870.
Mary Broderick.
Peter's
Benton
Washington:
(December,
Steam Printing House,
9.
of Mr.
1855.
Form
Museum of Transport).
Louis:
Old St.
People,
Geographical,
Lippincott & Company,
1873.
Patrick's
Social
Form No
10-300a
IRev. 10-74)
UNITbD STATtS DEPARTMENT Ol THE INTERIOR
FOR NPS USE ONLY
NATIONAL PARK SERVICE
RECEIVED
NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES
INVENTORY -- NOMINATION FORM
LDATE ENTERED „
BARRETTS TUNNELS
CONTI NUATION SHEET_________________ITEM NUMBER
9
PAGE
2__________________
17.
Greeley, Andrew M.
That Host Distressful Nation:
Irish.
Chicago:
Quadrangle Books, 1972.
18.
Hadley, Carleton S.
The Missouri Pacific Railroad:
Its Construction and
Expansion.
St. Louis:
Missouri Pacific Railroad Office, 1925.
19.
Hammond, Rolt.
20.
Heege, George F.
"The Naming of Kirkwood," Kirkwood Historical
Vol. I, No. 1 (March, 1962).
21.
History of the Pacific Railroad of Missouri.
Company, 1865.
22.
Tunnel
Engineering.
New York:
The Taming of the American
HacMillan, 1959.
St. Louis:
Review, .
.- : '
Pacific Railroad
Hogan, John.
Thoughts About the City of St. Louis, Her Commerce and
Manufactures, Railroad, &c.
St. Louis:
Republican Steam Press Print,
1854.
23.
Jennings, Dorothy.
"The Pacific Railroad Company," Missouri Historical
Society Collections, Vol. VI (1928-31).
24.
____________.
"Railroad Development in Missouri Before the Civil
War."
Unpublished M.A. thesis, Washington University, 1930.
25.
Journal of the Senate of the State of Missouri, 18th General Assembly.
26.
Kerr, John Leeds.
The Missouri Pacific:
Railway Research Society, 1928.
27.
Kirkwood, James P.
Report on Gauge of Track to Board of Directors of
Pacific Railroad, Missouri St. Louis, June 27, 1851.
St. Louis:
In
telligencer Office, 1854.
28.
Lopata, Edwin L.
Press, 1937.
New York:
Parnassus
29.
Laws of the State of Missouri.
1848-1849, 1850-1851, 1852-1853.
City:
James Lusk, 1849, 1851, 1853.
Jefferson
30.
Million, John W.
State Aid to Railways in Missouri.
of Chicago Press, 1896.
31.
Missouri
An Outline History.
Local Aid to Railroads in Missouri.
Chicago:
New York:
University
Pacific Railroad Survey, File No. S-1367, December 6, 1943 (with
later revisions).
Form No
10-300a
(Rev. 10-74)
UNITliD STATES DtPARTMLNT Ol-' THK INTHRIOR
FOR NPS USE ONLY
NATIONAL PARK SERVICE
RECEIVED
NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES
INVENTORY -- NOMINATION FORM
BARRETTS TUNNELS
CONTINUATION SHEET
ITEM NUMBER
g
PAGE
3
32.
Missouri Republican (St. Louis, Missouri), 1850-1853.
33.
Pacific Railroad Commenced.
34.
Pacific Railroad of Missouri:
Statement Relating to Southwest Branch,
Lands, &c.
New York:
George F. Nesbitt & Company, 1857.
35.
Pitzman's New Atlas of the City and County of St.
A. B. Holcome & Company, 1878.
36.
Porter, V. M.
"A History of Battery 'A' of St. Louis," Missouri Historical
Society Collections, Vol. II, No. 4 (1905).
37.
Proceedings of the National Railroad Convention Which Assembled in the City
of St. Louis, October 15, 1849.
St. Louis:
Chambers and Knapp, 1850.
38.
Report of the Board of Public Works and^State Engineer, Upon the Condition
of the Various Railroad Companies of this State, to the Governor.
Jefferson
City, Mo.:
James Lusk, 1857.
39.
Report of the Joint Committee to Investigate Books and Accounts of Pacific
Railroad Company.
Jefferson City, Mo.:
Ellwood Kirby, 1868.
40.
St. Louis Intelligencer (St. Louis, Missouri), 1850-1853.
41.
Saxton, Cliff (compiler).
National Museum of Transport, St. Louis:
Catalog
of the Collections.
St. Louis:
National Museum of Transport, 1975.
42.
Sectional Maps Showing the Location of One Million Acres of Choice Agricultural
and Mineral Lands on the Line of the South Pacific Railroad.
St. Louis:
Land Department South Pacific Railroad Company, 1868.
43.
The Sunday Republican (St. Louis, Missouri), July, 1851.
44.
Szechy, Karoly.
45.
Taylor, George Rogers.
Harper & Row, 1968.
46.
Taylor, J. N. and M. 0. Crooks.
Series of Sketches.
St. Louis:
47.
Vogel, Robert M.
Tunnel Engineering, A Museum Treatment.
Smithsonian Institution, 1964.
St. Louis:
The Art of Tunnelling.
Republican Office, 1850.
Budapest:
Louis, Missouri.
Akademiai
Phila-
Kiado, 1973.
The Transportation Revolution, 1815-1860.
New York:
Sketchbook of St. Louis:
Containing a
George Knapp & Company, 1858.
Washington, D.C.:
Form No
10-300a
IRev. 10-74)
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
FOR NFS USE ONLY
NATIONAL PARK SERVICE
RECEIVED
NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES
DATE ENTERED
INVENTORY -- NOMINATION FORM
BARRETTS TUNNELS
ITEM NUMBER
CONTINUATION SHEET
9
48.
Western Journal and Civilian.
St. Louis, September, 1853.
49.
Whitney, Asa.
A Project for a Railroad to the Pacific.
W. Wood, 1849.
50.
Wittke, Carl.
Press, 1956.
51.
The Wonderful City of Kirkwood:
TOO Years Young, 1865-1965.
Kirkwood Centennial Association, ca. 1965.
The Irish in America.
Baton Rouge:
New York:
George
Louisiana State University
Kirkwood, Mo.:
Form No
{Rev
10-300a
10-74)
UNITCD STATES DLPARTMtNT OH HI; INTERIOR
FOR NFS USE ONLY
NATIONAL PARK SERVICE
RECEIVED
NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES
'DATE ENTERED
INVENTORY -- NOMINATION FORM
BARRETTS TUNNELS
ITEM NUMBER
CONTINUATION SHEET.
9
PAGE
5
MANUSCRIPTS
1.
Alien, Thomas.
Papers.
7-17-1851 and 1837-1897 (account books); Journal and
Diary.
Missouri Historical Society, St. Louis.
2.
Almstedt, Henry.
Papers.
6-25-1846; 4-13-1939 and 1860 Notebook.
Historical Society, St. Louis.
3.
Broadhead, Oames 0.
Society, St. Louis.
4.
Burton, W. J.
Mimeographed manuscript.
"History of the Missouri Pacific
Railroad." St. Louis:
Missouri Pacific Railroad, 1956.
Copy available
at the State Historical Society of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri.
5.
Campbell, Hugh.
Papers.
Society, St. Louis.
6.
Carvill, George W.
Papers.
No. 2697, f. 4.
Collection, Columbia, Missouri.
7.
Collier, George.
8.
Curtis, Samuel R.
9.
Missouri Public Works Board, Railroad Report, 1859.
No. 2850.
Historical Manuscripts Collection, Columbia, Missouri.
Papers, 1853 correspondence.
Journal, Case No. 1.
Railroad Papers.
Papers.
Missouri
Missouri Historical
Missouri Historical
Western Historical Manuscripts
Missouri Historical
Society, St. Louis.
Missouri Historical Society, St. Louis.
Western
10.
Missouri State Historic Preservation Office.
Personal correspondence between
Edward K. Fehlig and Orval L. Henderson, April 28, 1976.
11.
Pacific Railroad Lands Book.
No. 1177.
Collection, Columbia, Missouri.
12.
Pacific Railroad Papers.
4-29-1849; 1-31-1850; 6-1-1850; 2-18-1852; 5-311852; 7-2-1852; and 1853-1861.
Missouri Historical Society, St. Louis.
13.
Smith, General George R.
Papers.
11-26-1850; 1-1-1853; 8-8-1853; 1-20-1853;
1-20-1853; 2-10-1854.
Missouri Historical Society, St. Louis.
14.
Taylor, George R.
St. Louis.
Collection.
Western Historical Manuscripts
4-18-1868.
Missouri Historical Society,
Kotm No
iHev
10-3003
10-74)
UNITED STATUS DEPARTMENT Oh THE INTERIOR
FOR NFS USE ONLY
NATIONAL PARK SERVICE
RECEIVED
NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES
INVENTORY -- NOMINATION FORM
DATE ENTERED
BARRETTS TUNNELS
CONTINUATION SHEET
ITEM NUMBER
10
PAGE
1
There are no intrusions within this boundary.
Tunnel B is oriented east-west on its long axis and its boundary encloses the
tunnel and the ground above it, being a rectangle 600 feet east-west by 20 feet
north-south, centered on UTM coordinate 15/721720/4272215.
There are no
intrusions within this boundary.
Fofm No
(Rev
10-300a
10-741
UNITLD STATUS DEPARTMENT Ol
THE INTERIOR
FOR NPS USE ONLY
NATIONAL PARK SERVICE
RECEIVED
NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES
INVENTORY -- NOMINATION FORM
DATE ENTERED
_BARRETTS TUNNELS
CONTINUATION SHEET
ITEM NUMBER
2.
Curtis H. Synhorst
Missouri Valley Research Consultants
P.O. Box 1773
Columbia, Missouri 65201
3.
James M. Denny, Historian
Department of Natural Resources
Office of Historic Preservation
P.O. Box 176
Jefferson City, Missouri 65101
11
PAGE
1
7,5'
B
C
D
15/721750/4272430
15/721840/4272210
15/720800/4271800
15/720700/4272060
UTM References:
Scale:
1:24,000
Barretts Tunnels
U.S.G.S.
"Kirkwood"
,
v ^,.-,.^,,
,,~... ; .,,.,.
.
.. , M
,.. ,,
.^"'••'^' '' ]' ^(^v''':-^;^!^ tgi'l1
fc|||j^Sif;?'^
BARRETS TUNNELS
U.S.G.S. 7.5' Quadrangle
"Kirkwood" 1954 (Photo revised 1968 and 1974]
Scale : 1:24,000
UTM REFERENCES
Tunnel A:
15/720875/4271890
Tunnel
15/721720/4272215
AND
LOCATOR
MAP
BARRETTS
RAILROAD
TUNNELS
BARRETTS TUNNELS
#1
St. Louis, Missouri
photographer:
William L. Hoss
February 4, 1972
National Museum of Transport, 3015 Barretts
Station Road, St. Louis, Mo. 63122
View looking west:
tunnel.
east portal of west
BARRETTS TUNNELS
#2
St. Louis, Missouri
photographer:
William L. Hoss
February 4, 1972
National Museum of Transport, 3015 Barretts
Station Road, St.
View looking east:
tunnel.
Louis, Mo.
63122
west portal of west
BARRETTS TUNNELS
#3
St. Louis, Missouri
photographer:
William L. Hoss
February 4, 1972
National Museum of Transport, 3015 Barretts
Station Road, St. Louis, Mo. 63122
View looking east:
tunnel.
west portal of east
W
BARRETTS TUNNELS
#4
St. Louis, Missouri
photographer:
William L. Hoss
February 4, 1972
National Museum of Transport, 3015 Barretts
Station Road, St. Louis, Mo. 63122
View looking west:
tunnel.
east portal of west
BARRETTS TUNNELS
#5
St. Louis, Missouri
photographer:
unknown
October 30, 1954
National Museum of Transport, 3015 Barretts
Station Road, St. Louis, Mo. 63122
View looking west:
repair work in west tun
nel while still actively in use; masonry and
brick engaged piers are shown on either side.
BARRETTS TUNNELS
#6
St. Louis, Missouri
photographer:
Ralph W. Walker
ca. 1970
National Museum of Transport, 3015 Barretts
Station Road, St. Louis, Mo. 63122
View of National Museum of Transport outdoor
exhitits looking west.
BARRETTS TUNNELS
#7
St. Louis, Missouri
photographer:
John Tandarich
June 14, 1977
Department of Natural Resources, P.O.
Jefferson City, Missouri 65101
176,
View looking north at a portion of National
Museum of Transport outdoor exhibits.
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