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Draft version February 28, 2019
Typeset using LATEX twocolumn style in AASTeX62
An Example Article using AASTEXv6.2∗
Greg J. Schwarz1 and August Muench1
(AAS Journals Data Scientists collaboration)
Butler Burton2, 3
—
Amy Hendrickson4, †
(LaTeX collaboration)
Julie Steffen5, 1 and Jeff Lewandowski6, 7
1 American
Astronomical Society
2000 Florida Ave., NW, Suite 300
Washington, DC 20009-1231, USA
2 National Radio Astronomy Observatory
3 AAS Journals Associate Editor-in-Chief
4 TeXnology Inc.
5 AAS Director of Publishing
6 IOP Senior Publisher for the AAS Journals
7 IOP Publishing, Washington, DC 20005
(Revised February 28, 2019)
ABSTRACT
This example manuscript is intended to serve as a tutorial and template for authors to use when
writing their own AAS Journal articles. The manuscript includes a history of AASTEX and documents
the new features in the previous versions as well as the new features in version 6.2. This manuscript
includes many figure and table examples to illustrate these new features. Information on features
not explicitly mentioned in the article can be viewed in the manuscript comments or more extensive
online documentation. Authors are welcome replace the text, tables, figures, and bibliography with
their own and submit the resulting manuscript to the AAS Journals peer review system. The first
lesson in the tutorial is to remind authors that the AAS Journals, the Astrophysical Journal (ApJ),
the Astrophysical Journal Letters (ApJL), and Astronomical Journal (AJ), all have a 250 word limit
for the abstract. If you exceed this length the Editorial office will ask you to shorten it.
Keywords: editorials, notices — miscellaneous — catalogs — surveys
1. INTRODUCTION
1
LaTEX is a document markup language that is particularly well suited for the publication of mathematical and scientific articles (Lamport 1994). LaTEX was
written in 1985 by Leslie Lamport who based it on the
TEX typesetting language which itself was created by
Donald E. Knuth in 1978. In 1988 a suite of LaTEX
Corresponding author: August Muench
greg.schwarz@aas.org, gus.muench@aas.org
∗
†
Released on January, 8th, 2018
Creator of AASTeX v6.2
1 http://www.latex-project.org/
macros were developed to investigate electronic submission and publication of AAS Journal articles (Hanisch &
Biemesderfer 1989). Shortly afterwards, Chris Biemesdefer merged these macros and more into a LaTEX 2.08
style file called AASTEX. These early AASTEX versions
introduced many common commands and practices that
authors take for granted today. Substantial revisions
were made by Lee Brotzman and Pierre Landau when
the package was updated to v4.0. AASTeX v5.0, written
in 1995 by Arthur Ogawa, upgraded to LaTEX 2e which
uses the document class in lieu of a style file. Other
improvements to version 5 included hypertext support,
landscape deluxetables and improved figure support to
facilitate electronic submission. AASTEX v5.2 was re-
2
Schwarz et al.
leased in 2005 and introduced additional graphics support plus new mark up to identifier astronomical objects,
datasets and facilities.
In 1996 Maxim Markevitch modified the AAS preprint
style file, aaspp4.sty, to closely emulate the very tight,
two column style of a typeset Astrophysical Journal article. The result was emulateapj.sty. A year later Alexey
Vikhlinin took over development and maintenance. In
2001 he converted emulateapj into a class file in LaTEX
2e and in 2003 Vikhlinin completely rewrote emulateapj
based on the APS Journal’s RevTEX class.
During this time emulateapj gained growing acceptance in the astronomical community as it filled
an author need to obtain an approximate number of
manuscript pages prior to submission for cost and length
estimates. The tighter typeset also had the added advantage of saving paper when printing out hard copies.
Even though author publication charges are no longer
based on print pages 2 the emulateapj class file has
proven to be extremely popular with AAS Journal
authors. An informal analysis of submitted LaTEX
manuscripts in 2015 revealed that ∼65% either called
emulateapj or have a commented emulateapj classfile call indicating it was used at some stage of the
manuscript construction. Clearly authors want to have
access to a tightly typeset version of the article when
corresponding with co-authors and for preprint submissions.
When planning the next AASTEX release the popularity of emulateapj played an important roll in the decision
to drop the old base code and adopt and modify emulateapj for AASTEX v6.+ instead. The change brings
AASTEX inline with what the majority of authors are
already using while still delivering new and improved
features. AASTEX v6.0 through v6.2 were written by
Amy Hendrickson and released in January 2016 (v6.0),
October 2016 (v6.1), and January 2018 (v6.2), respectively. Some of the new features in v6.0 included:
1. improved citations for third party data repositories and software,
2. easier construction of matrix figures consisting
of multiple encapsulated postscript (EPS) or
portable document format (PDF) files,
3. figure set mark up for large collections of similar
figures,
4. color mark up to easily enable/disable revised text
highlighting,
2 see Section B in the Appendix for more details about how
current article costs are calculated.
5. improved url support, and
6. numerous table options such as the ability to hide
columns, column decimal alignment, automatic
column math mode and numbering, plus splitting
of wide tables.
The features in v6.1 were:
1. ORCID support for preprints,
2. improved author, affiliation and collaboration
mark up,
3. reintroduced the old AASTeX v5.2 \received,
\revised, \accepted, and \published commands plus added the new \submitjournal
command to document which AAS Journal the
manuscript was submitted to, plus
4. new typeset style options.
The new features in v6.2 are:
1. A new RNAAS style option for Research Note
manuscripts,
2. Titles no longer put in all caps,
3. No page skip between the title page and article
body,
4. re-introduce RevTeX’s widetext environment for
long lines in two column style formats, and
5. upgrade to the \doi command.
The rest of this article provides information and examples on how to create your own AAS Journal manuscript
with v6.2. Special emphasis is placed on how to use the
full potential of AASTEX v6+. The next section describes the different manuscript styles available and how
they differ from past releases. Section 3 describes how
tables and figures are placed in a LaTEX document. Specific examples of tables, Section 3.1, and figures, Section
3.2, are also provided. Section 4 discusses how to display math and incorporate equations in a manuscript
while Section 5 discuss how to use the new revision
mark up. The last section, 6, shows how recognize software and external data as first class references in the
manuscript bibliography. An appendix is included to
show how to construct one and provide some information on how article charges are calculated. Additional
information is available both embedded in the comments
of this LaTEX file and in the online documentation at
http://journals.aas.org/authors/aastex.html.
3
Sample article
2. MANUSCRIPT STYLES
The default style in AASTEX v6.2 is a tight single column style, e.g. 10 point font, single spaced. The single
column style is very useful for article with wide equations. It is also the easiest to style to work with since
figures and tables, see Section 3, will span the entire
page, reducing the need for address float sizing.
To invoke a two column style similar to the what is
produced in the published PDF copy use
\documentclass[twocolumn]{aastex62}.
Note that in the two column style figures and tables will
only span one column unless specifically ordered across
both with the “*” flag, e.g.
of referees find it much easier to read a manuscript with
embedded figures and tables.
Depending on the number of floats and the particular
amount of text and equations present in a manuscript
the ultimate location of any specific float can be hard
to predict prior to compilation. It is recommended that
authors textbfnot spend significant time trying to get
float placement perfect for peer review. The AAS Journal’s publisher has sophisticated typesetting software
that will produce the optimal layout during production.
Note that authors of Research Notes are only allowed
one float, either one table or one figure.
Table 1. ApJ costs from 1991 to 2013a
Year
Subscription
Publication
cost
chargesb
($)
($/page)
(1)
(2)
(3)
1991
600
100
1992
650
105
1993
550
103
1994
450
110
1995
410
112
1996
400
114
1997
525
115
1998
590
116
1999
575
115
2000
450
103
2001
490
90
2002
500
88
2003
450
90
2004
460
88
2005
440
79
2006
350
77
2007
325
70
2008
320
65
2009
190
68
2010
280
70
2011
275
68
2012
150
56
2013
140
55
\begin{figure*} ... \end{figure*},
\begin{table*} ... \end{table*}, and
\begin{deluxetable*} ... \end{deluxetable*}.
This option is ignored in the onecolumn style.
Some other style options are outlined in the commented sections of this article. Any combination of style
options can be used.
Two style options that are needed to fully use the new
revision tracking feature, see Section 5, are linenumbers
which uses the lineno style file to number each article line
in the left margin and trackchanges which controls the
revision and commenting highlight output.
There is also a new modern option that uses a Daniel
Foreman-Mackey and David Hogg design to produce
stylish, single column output that has wider left and
right margins. It is designed to have fewer words per
line to improve reader retention. It also looks better on
devices with smaller displays such as smart phones.
For a Research Note use the RNAAS option which
will produce a manuscript with no abstract and in the
modern style.
3. FLOATS
Floats are non-text items that generally can not be
split over a page. They also have captions and can be
numbered for reference. Primarily these are figures and
tables but authors can define their own. LaTEX tries
to place a float where indicated in the manuscript but
will move it later if there is not enough room at that
location, hence the term “float”.
Authors are encouraged to embed their tables and figures within the text as they are mentioned. Please do
not place the figures and text at the end of the article
as was the old practice. Editors and the vast majority
Table 1 continued
4
Schwarz et al.
Table 1 (continued)
Year
(1)
Subscription
3.1. Tables
Publication
b
cost
charges
($)
($/page)
(2)
(3)
a Adjusted for inflation
b Accounts for the change from page
charges to digital quanta in April, 2011
Note—Note that \colnumbers does not
work with the vertical line alignment token. If you want vertical lines in the
headers you can not use this command
at this time.
For authors that do want to take the time to optimize the locations of their floats there are some techniques that can be used. The simplest solution is to
placing a float earlier in the text to get the position right
but this option will break down if the manuscript is altered, see Table 1. A better method is to force LaTEX
to place a float in a general area with the use of the
optional [placement specifier] parameter for figures
and tables. This parameter goes after \begin{figure},
\begin{table}, and \begin{deluxetable}. The main
arguments the specifier takes are “h”, “t”, “b”, and “!”.
These tell LaTEX to place the float here (or as close as
possible to this location as possible), at the top of the
page, and at the bottom of the page. The last argument, “!”, tells LaTEX to override its internal method
of calculating the float position. A sequence of rules can
be created by using multiple arguments. For example,
\begin{figure}[htb!] tells LaTEX to try the current
location first, then the top of the page and finally the
bottom of the page without regard to what it thinks the
proper position should be. Many of the tables and figures in this article use a placement specifier to set their
positions.
Note that the LaTEX tabular environment is not
a float. Only when a tabular is surrounded by
\begin{table} ... \end{table} is it a true float and
the rules and suggestions above apply.
In AASTeX v6.2 all deluxetables are float tables
and thus if they are longer than a page will spill off
the bottom. Long deluxetables should begin with the
\startlongtable command. This initiates a longtable
environment. Authors might have to use \clearpage
to isolate a long table or optimally place it within the
surrounding text.
Tables can be constructed with LaTEX’s standard table environment or the AASTEX’s deluxetable environment. The deluxetable construct handles long tables
better but has a larger overhead due to the greater
amount of defined mark up used set up and manipulate the table structure. The choice of which to use is
up to the author. Examples of both environments are
used in this manuscript. Table 1 is a simple deluxetable
example that gives the approximate changes in the subscription costs and author publication charges from 1991
to 2013.
Tables longer than 200 data lines and complex tables should only have a short example table with the
full data set available in the machine readable format.
The machine readable table will be available in the
HTML version of the article with just a short example in the PDF. Authors are required to indicate to
the reader where the data can be obtained in the table comments. Suggested text is given in the comments
of Table 2. Authors are encouraged to create their
own machine readable tables using the online tool at
http://authortools.aas.org/MRT/upload.html.
AASTEX v6 introduces five new table features that
are designed to make table construction easier and the
resulting display better for AAS Journal authors. The
items are:
1. Declaring math mode in specific columns,
2. Column decimal alignment,
3. Automatic column header numbering,
4. Hiding columns, and
5. Splitting wide tables into two or three parts.
Each of these new features are illustrated in following
Table examples. All five features work with the regular
LaTEX tabular environment and in AASTEX’s deluxetable environment. The examples in this manuscript
also show where the two process differ.
3.1.1. Column math mode
Both the LaTEX tabular and AASTEX deluxetable require an argument to define the alignment and number
of columns. The most common values are “c”, “l” and
“r” for center, left, and right justification. If these values
are capitalized, e.g. “C”, “L”, or “R”, then that specific
column will automatically be in math mode meaning
that $s are not required. Note that having embedded
dollar signs in the table does not affect the output. The
third and forth columns of Table 2 shows how this math
mode works.
5
Sample article
Table 2. Column math mode in an observation log
UT start timea
MJD start timea
Seeing
(YYYY-mm-dd)
(d)
(arcsec)
2012-03-26
2012-03-27
2012-03-28
2012-03-30
56012.997
56013.944
56014.984
56016.978
∼ 0.00 5
1.00 5
···
00
1. 5 ± 0.25
Filter
Inst.
Hα
grism
F814M
B&C
NOT
SMARTS
HST
Bok
a At exposure start.
Note—The “C” command column identifier in the 3 column turns on math mode for that specific column. One could do the
same for the next column so that dollar signs would not be needed for Hα but then all the other text would also be in math
mode and thus typeset in Latin Modern math and you will need to put it back to Roman by hand. Note that if you do change
this column to math mode the dollar signs already present will not cause a problem. Table 2 is published in its entirety in the
machine readable format. A portion is shown here for guidance regarding its form and content.
6
Schwarz et al.
3.1.2. Decimal alignment
Aligning a column by the decimal point can be difficult
with only center, left, and right justification options. It
is possible to use phantom calls in the data, e.g. \phn,
to align columns by hand but this can be tedious in long
or complex tables. To address this AASTEX introduces
the \decimals command and a new column justification option, “D”, to align data in that column on the
decimal. In deluxetable the \decimals command is invoked before the \startdata call but can be anywhere
in LaTEX’s tabular environment.
Two other important thing to note when using decimal
alignment is that each decimal column must end with a
space before the ampersand, e.g. “&&” is not allowed.
Empty decimal columns are indicated with a decimal,
e.g. “.”. Do not use deluxetable’s \nodata command.
The “D” alignment token works by splitting the column into two parts on the decimal. While this is invisible to the user one must be aware of how it works so
that the headers are accounted for correctly. All decimal column headers need to span two columns to get the
alignment correct. This can be done with a multicolumn
call, e.g \multicolumn2c{} or \multicolumn{2}{c}{},
or use the new \twocolhead{} command in deluxetable.
Since LaTEX is splitting these columns into two it is important to get the table width right so that they appear joined on the page. You may have to run the
LaTEX compiler twice to get it right. Table 3 illustrates
how decimal alignment works in the tabular environment with a ± symbol embedded between the last two
columns.
Table 3. Decimal alignment made easy
Column
Value
Uncertainty
A
1234
± 100.0
B
123.4
± 10.1
C
12.34 ±
1.01
D
1.234 ±
0.101
E
.1234±
0.01001
F
1.0
±
NOTE. - Two decimal aligned columns
3.1.3. Automatic column header numbering
The command \colnumbers can be included to automatically number each column as the last row in
the header. Per the AAS Journal table format standards, each column index numbers will be surrounded
by parentheses. In a LaTEX tabular environment the
\colnumbers should be invoked at the location where
the author wants the numbers to appear, e.g. after
the last line of specified table header rows. In deluxetable this command has to come before \startdata.
\colnumbers will not increment for columns hidden by
the “h” command, see Section 3.1.4. Table 1 uses this
command to automatically generate column index numbers.
Note that when using decimal alignment in a table the
command \decimalcolnumbers must be used instead
of \colnumbers and \decimals. Table 4 illustrates this
specific functionality.
3.1.4. Hiding columns
Entire columns can be hidden from display simply by
changing the specified column identifier to “h”. In the
LaTEX tabular environment this column identifier conceals the entire column including the header columns.
In AASTEX’s deluxetables the header row is specifically
declared with the \tablehead call and each header column is marked with \colhead call. In order to make a
specific header disappear with the “h” column identifier
in deluxetable use \nocolhead instead to suppress that
particular column header.
Authors can use this option in many different ways.
Since column data can be easily suppressed authors can
include extra information and hid it based on the comments of co-authors or referees. For wide tables that will
have a machine readable version, authors could put all
the information in the LaTEX table but use this option
to hid as many columns as needed until it fits on a page.
This concealed column table would serve as the example
table for the full machine readable version. Regardless
of how columns are obscured, authors are responsible
for removing any unneeded column data or alerting the
editorial office about how to treat these columns during
production for the final typeset article.
Table 4 provides some basic information about the
first ten Messier Objects and illustrates how many of
these new features can be used together. It has automatic column numbering, decimal alignment of the distances, and one concealed column. The Common name
column is the third in the LaTEX deluxetable but does
not appear when the article is compiled. This hidden
column can be shown simply by changing the “h” in the
column identifier preamble to another valid value. This
table also uses \tablenum to renumber the table because
a LaTEX tabular table was inserted before it.
3.1.5. Splitting a table into multiple horizontal components
Since the AAS Journals are now all electronic with no
print version there is no reason why tables can not be
as wide as authors need them to be. However, there are
some artificial limitations based on the width of a print
page. The old way around this limitation was to rotate
7
Sample article
Table 4. Fun facts about the first 10 messier objects
Messier
NGC/IC
Object
Distance
Number
Number
Type
(kpc)
(1)
M1
M2
M3
M4
M5
M6
M7
M8
M9
M10
(2)
NGC
NGC
NGC
NGC
NGC
NGC
NGC
NGC
NGC
NGC
1952
7089
5272
6121
5904
6405
6475
6523
6333
6254
V
Constellation
(mag)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
Supernova remnant
Cluster, globular
Cluster, globular
Cluster, globular
Cluster, globular
Cluster, open
Cluster, open
Nebula with cluster
Cluster, globular
Cluster, globular
2
11.5
10.4
2.2
24.5
0.31
0.3
1.25
7.91
4.42
Taurus
Aquarius
Canes Venatici
Scorpius
Serpens
Scorpius
Scorpius
Sagittarius
Ophiuchus
Ophiuchus
8.4
6.3
6.2
5.9
5.9
4.2
3.3
6.0
8.4
6.4
Note—This table “hides” the third column in the LaTEX when compiled. The
Distance is also centered on the decimals. Note that when using decimal alignment
you need to include the \decimals command before \startdata and all of the
values in that column have to have a space before the next ampersand.
into landscape mode and use the smallest available table
font sizes, e.g. \tablewidth, to get the table to fit.
Unfortunately, this was not alway enough but now along
with the hide column option outlined in Section 3.1.4
there is a new way to break a table into two or three
components so that it flows down a page by invoking a
new table type, splittabular or splitdeluxetable. Within
these tables a new “B” column separator is introduced.
Much like the vertical bar option, “|”, that produces a
vertical table lines, e.g. Table 1, the new “B” separator
indicates where to Break a table. Up to two “B”s may
be included.
Table 5 shows how to split a wide deluxetable into
three parts with the \splitdeluxetable command.
The \colnumbers option is on to show how the automatic column numbering carries through the second table component, see Section 3.1.3.
The last example, Table 6, shows how to split the
same table but with a regular LaTEX tabular call and
into two parts. Decimal alignment is included in the
third column and the “Component” column is hidden
to illustrate the new features working together.
3.2. Figures
Authors can include a wide number of different graphics with their articles in encapsulated postscript (EPS)
or portable document format (PDF). These range from
general figures all authors are familiar with to new enhanced graphics that can only be fully experienced in
HTML. The later include animations, figure sets and
Figure 1. The subscription and author publication costs
from 1991 to 2013. The data comes from Table 1.
interactive figures. This portion of the article provides
examples for setting up all these graphics in with the
latest version of AASTEX.
3.3. General figures
AASTEX has a \plotone command to display a figure
consisting of one EPS/PDF file. Figure 1 is an example
which uses the data from Table 1. For a general figure
consisting of two EPS/PDF files the \plottwo command
can be used to position the two image files side by side.
Figure 2 shows the Swift/XRT X-ray light curves of two
recurrent novae. The data from Figures 2 through 4 are
taken from Table 2 of Schwarz et al. (2011).
Both \plotone and \plottwo take a \caption and
an optional \figurenum command to specify the fig-
8
Schwarz et al.
Table 5. Measurements of Emission Lines: two breaks
Model
Component
Shift
FWHM
Flux
(km s−1 )
(km s−1 )
(10−17 erg s−1 cm−2 )
(3)
-97.13
-4049.123
···
-85
-51000
52
(4)
9117±38
1974±22
641±4
8991±41
2025±26
637±10
Lyα
(1)
Model 1
Model 2
(2)
BELs
IELs
NELs
BELs
IELs
NELs
(5)
1033±33
2495±30
449±23
988±29
2494±32
477±17
NV
Si IV
C IV
Mg II
Hγ
(6)
< 35
< 42
<6
< 24
< 37
<4
(7)
< 166
< 109
<9
< 173
< 124
<8
(8)
637±31
995±186
–
623±28
1005±190
–
(9)
1951±26
83±30
275±18
1945±29
72±28
278±17
(10)
991±30
75±23
150±11
989±27
72±21
153±10
Hβ
Hα
He I
Paγ
(11)
3502±42
130±25
313±12
3498±37
113±18
317±15
(12)
20285±80
357±94
958±43
20288±73
271±85
969±40
(13)
2025±116
194±64
318±34
2047±143
205±72
325±37
(14)
1289±107
36±23
151±17
1376±167
34±21
147±22
Note—This is an example of how to split a deluxetable. You can split any table with this command into two or three parts. The location of the
split is given by the author based on the placement of the “B” indicators in the column identifier preamble. For more information please look at
the new AASTEX instructions.
Figure 2. Swift/XRT X-ray light curves of RS Oph and U
Sco which represent the two canonical recurrent types, a long
period system with a red giant secondary and a short period
system with a dwarf/sub-dwarf secondary, respectively.
ure number3 . Each is based on the graphicx package
3 It is better to not use \figurenum and let LaTeX autoincrement all the figures. If you do use this command you need to
mark all of them accordingly.
command, \includegraphics. Authors are welcome
to use \includegraphics along with its optional arguments that control the height, width, scale, and position
angle of a file within the figure. More information on
the full usage of \includegraphics can be found at
https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/LaTeX/Importing Graphics#
Including graphics.
3.4. Grid figures
Including more than two EPS/PDF files in a single figure call can be tricky easily format. To make the process
easier for authors AASTEX v6 offers \gridline which
allows any number of individual EPS/PDF file calls
within a single figure. Each file cited in a \gridline
will be displayed in a row. By adding more \gridline
calls an author can easily construct a matrix X by Y
individual files as a single general figure.
9
Sample article
Table 6. Measurements of Emission Lines: one break
Model
Shift
(km s−1 )
(1)
(2)
−97.13
−4049.123
Model 1
Model 2
−85
−51000
52
FWHM
(km s−1 )
(3)
9117±38
1974±22
641±4
8991±41
2025±26
637±10
Flux
(10
erg s−1 cm−2 )
Lyα
NV
Si IV
(4)
(5)
(6)
−17
1033±33
2495±30
449±23
988±29
2494±32
477±17
< 35
< 42
<6
< 24
< 37
<4
< 166
< 109
<9
< 173
< 124
<8
C IV
Mg II
Hγ
Hβ
Hα
He I
Paγ
(7)
637±31
995±186
–
623±28
1005±190
–
(8)
1951±26
83±30
275±18
1945±29
72±28
278±17
(9)
991±30
75±23
150±11
989±27
72±21
153±10
(10)
3502±42
130±25
313±12
3498±37
113±18
317±15
(11)
20285±80
357±94
958±43
20288±73
271±85
969±40
(12)
2025±116
194±64
318±34
2047±143
205±72
325±37
(13)
1289±107
36±23
151±17
1376±167
34±21
147±22
10
Schwarz et al.
For each \gridline command a EPS/PDF file is
called by one of four different commands. These are
\fig, \rightfig, \leftfig, and \boxedfig. The first
file call specifies no image position justification while the
next two will right and left justify the image, respectively. The \boxedfig is similar to \fig except that
a box is drawn around the figure file when displayed.
Each of these commands takes three arguments. The
first is the file name. The second is the width that file
should be displayed at. While any natural LaTEX unit
is allowed, it is recommended that author use fractional
units with the \textwidth. The last argument is text
for a subcaption.
Figure 3 shows an inverted pyramid of individual figure constructed with six individual EPS files using the
\gridline option.
These figures consist of two parts, the figure file in a
specific format and a javascript and html frame work
that provides the interactive control. An example of an
interactive figure is a 3D model. The underlying figure is a X3D file while x3dom.js is the javascript driver
that displays it. An author created interface is added
via a html wrapper. The first 3D model published by
the AAS Journals using this technique was Vogt et al.
(2014). Authors should consult the online tutorials for
more information on how to construct their own interactive figures.
As with animations authors should include a noninteractive regular figure to use as an example. The
example figure should also indicate to the reader that
the enhanced figure is interactive and can be accessed
online.
3.5. Figure sets
4. DISPLAYING MATHEMATICS
A large collection of similar style figures should be
grouped together as a figure set. The derived PDF article will only shows an example figure while the enhanced
content is available in the figure set in the electronic
edition. The advantage of a figure set gives the reader
the ability to easily sort through the figure collection to
find individual component figures. All of the figure set
components, along with their html framework, are also
available for download in a .tar.gz package.
Special LaTEX mark up is required to create a figure
set. Prior to AASTEX v6 the underlying mark up commands had to be inserted by hand but is now included.
Note that when an article with figure set is compiled in
LaTEX none of the component figures are shown and a
floating Figure Set caption will appear in the resulting
PDF.
Fig. Set 4. Swift X-ray light curves
Authors are encouraged to use an online tool at
http://authortools.aas.org/FIGSETS/make-figset.html
to generate their own specific figure set mark up to
incorporate into their LaTEX articles.
The most common mathematical symbols and formulas are in the amsmath package. AASTEX requires this
package so there is no need to specifically call for it in
the document preamble. Most modern LaTEX distributions already contain this package. If you do not have
this package or the other required packages, revtex4-1,
latexsym, graphicx, amssymb, longtable, and epsf, they
can be obtained from http://www.ctan.org
Mathematics can be displayed either within the text,
e.g. E = mc2 , or separate from in an equation. In order
to be properly rendered, all inline math text has to be
declared by surrounding the math by dollar signs ($).
A complex equation example with inline math as part
of the explanation follows.
3.6. Animations
Authors may include animations in their articles. A
single still frame from the animation should be included
as a regular figure to serve as an example. The associated figure caption should indicate to the reader exactly
what the animation shows and that the animation is
available online.
v̄(p2 , σ2 )P−τ â1 â2 · · · ân u(p1 , σ1 ),
where p and σ label the initial e four-momenta and
helicities (σ = ±1), âi = aµi γν and Pτ = 21 (1 + τ γ5 ) is
a chirality projection operator (τ = ±1). This produces
a single line formula. LaTEX will auto-number this and
any subsequent equations. If no number is desired then
the equation call should be replaced with displaymath.
LaTEX can also handle a a multi-line equation. Use
eqnarray for more than one line and end each line with
a \\. Each line will be numbered unless the \\ is preceded by a \nonumber command. Alignment points can
be added with ampersands (&). There should be two
ampersands per line. In the examples they are centered
on the equal symbol.
3.7. Interactive figures
Interactive figures give the reader the ability to manipulate the information contained in an image which
can add clarity or help further the author’s narrative.
(1)
±
γµ =
µ
0 σ+
µ
σ−
0
µ
σ±
= (1, ±σ),
!
, γ5 =
−1 0
0 1
!
,
(2)
(3)
11
Sample article
(a)
(b)
(d)
(c)
(e)
(f)
Figure 3. Inverted pyramid figure of six individual files. The nova are (a) V2491 Cyg, (b) HV Cet, (c) LMC 2009, (d) RS
Oph, (e) U Sco, and (f) KT Eri.
option must be used in the \documentclass call.
When compiled this will produce the marked text in
0 (â)+
red. The \explain{} can be used to add text
â =
,
(â)− 0
to provide information to the reader describing the
µ
change. Its output is purple italic font. To see how
(4)
(â)± = aµ σ±
\added{}, \deleted{}, \replaced{}{},
and
Authors sometimes use color to highlight changes to
\explain{} commands
their manuscript in response to editor and referee comwill produce important added information and replaced
ments. In AASTEX new commands have been introdata, toggle between versions compiled with and withduced to make this easier and formalize the process.
out the trackchanges option.
The first method is through a new set of editing
A summary list of all these tracking commands can
mark up commands that specifically identify what has
be produced at the end of the article by adding the
been changed. These commands are \added{},
\listofchanges just before the \end{document} call.
\deleted{}, and \replaced{}{}. To activate these commands the trackchanges
!
12
Schwarz et al.
Figure 4. The Swift/XRT X-ray light curve for the first year
after outburst of the suspected recurrent nova KT Eri. At a
maximum count rate of 328 ct/s, KT Eri was the brightest
nova in X-rays observed to date. All the component figures
are available in the Figure Set.
purple, respectively. Authors should use the first command to indicated which text has been changed
from the first revision. The second command is
to highlight new or modified text from a second revision. If a third revision is needed then the last
command should be used to show this changed text.
Since over 90% of all manuscripts are accepted after the 3rd revision these commands make it easy to
identify what text has been added and when. Once
the article is accepted all the highlight color can be
turned off simply by adding the \turnoffediting
command in the preamble. Likewise, the new commands \turnoffeditone, \turnoffedittwo, and
\turnoffeditthree can be used to only turn off the
\edit1{}, \edit2{} and \edit3{},
respectively.
Similar to marking editing changes with the \edit
options there are also the \authorcomments1{},
\authorcomments2{} and \authorcomments3{}
commands. These produce the same bold red, italic blue
and underlined purple text but when the \turnoffediting
command is present the material does not appear in the manuscript. Authors can use these commands to mark up text that they are not sure should
appear in the final manuscript or as a way to communicate comments between co-authors when writing the
article.
6. SOFTWARE AND THIRD PARTY DATA
REPOSITORY CITATIONS
Figure 5. Example image from the animation which is available in the electronic edition.
the linenumbers option is also included in the documentcall call then not only will all the lines in the article
be numbered for handy reference but the summary list
will also include the line number for each change.
The second method does not have the ability to highlight the specific nature of the changes but does allow
the author to document changes over multiple revisions.
The commands are \edit1{}, \edit2{}
and \edit3{} and they produce that
is highlighted in bold red, italic blue and underlined
The AAS Journals would like to encourage authors to
change software and third party data repository references from the current standard of a footnote to a first
class citation in the bibliography. As a bibliographic
citation these important references will be more easily
captured and credit will be given to the appropriate people.
The first step to making this happen is to have the
data or software in a long term repository that has made
these items available via a persistent identifier like a Digital Object Identifier (DOI). A list of repositories that
satisfy this criteria plus each one’s pros and cons are
given
at
https://github.com/AASJournals/Tutorials/tree/master/
Repositories.
In the bibliography the format for data or code follows
this format:
author year, title, version, publisher, prefix:identifier
Corrales (2015) provides a example of how the citation in the article references the external code at
Sample article
13
Vikhlinin and Amy Hendrickson. Also special thanks
to David Hogg and Daniel Foreman-Mackey for the
new ”modern” style design. Considerable help was provided via bug reports and hacks from numerous people
including Patricio Cubillos, Alex Drlica-Wagner, Sean
Lake, Michele Bannister, Peter Williams, and Jonathan
Gagne.
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15991. Unfortunately,
bibtex does not have specific bibtex entries for these
types of references so the “@misc” type should be
used. The Repository tutorial explains how to code
the “@misc” type correctly. The most recent aasjournal.bst file, available with AASTEX v6, will output bibtex “@misc” type properly.
Facilities: HST(STIS), Swift(XRT and UVOT),
AAVSO, CTIO:1.3m, CTIO:1.5m,CXO
We thank all the people that have made this AASTeX what it is today. This includes but not limited to
Bob Hanisch, Chris Biemesderfer, Lee Brotzman, Pierre
Landau, Arthur Ogawa, Maxim Markevitch, Alexey
Software: astropy (Astropy Collaboration et al. 2013),
Cloudy(Ferlandetal.2013),SExtractor(Bertin&Arnouts
1996)
APPENDIX
A. APPENDIX INFORMATION
Appendices can be broken into separate sections just like in the main text. The only difference is that each appendix
section is indexed by a letter (A, B, C, etc.) instead of a number. Likewise numbered equations have the section letter
appended. Here is an equation as an example.
1
I=
1+
P (1+d2 )
d1
(A1)
Appendix tables and figures should not be numbered like equations. Instead they should continue the sequence from
the main article body.
B. AUTHOR PUBLICATION CHARGES
Finally some information about the AAS Journal’s publication charges. In April 2011 the traditional way of calculating author charges based on the number of printed pages was changed. The reason for the change was due to
a recognition of the growing number of article items that could not be represented in print. Now author charges are
determined by a number of digital “quanta”. A single quantum is 350 words, one figure, one table, and one enhanced
digital item. For the latter this includes machine readable tables, figure sets, animations, and interactive figures. The
current cost is $27 per word quantum and $30 for all other quantum type.
C. ROTATING TABLES
The process of rotating tables into landscape mode is slightly different in AASTEXv6.2. Instead of the \rotate
command, a new environment has been created to handle this task. To place a single page table in a landscape mode
start the table portion with \begin{rotatetable} and end with \end{rotatetable}.
Tables that exceed a print page take a slightly different environment since both rotation and long table printing are
required. In these cases start with \begin{longrotatetable} and end with \end{longrotatetable}. Table 7 is an
example of a multi-page, rotated table.
8.2 (41)
7.4 (44)
8.7 (46)
8.53 (48)
3.79 (51)
8.8 (55)
7.1 (58)
V1065 Cen
V1187 Sco
V1188 Sco
V1213 Cen
V1280 Sco
V1281 Sco
V1309 Sco
6.7 (82)
7.4 (88)
7.54 (91)
9.5 (97)
8.5 (102)
11.1 (104)
9.2 (106)
8.52 (108)
9.9 (111)
11.1 (115)
10.0 (118)
V2467 Cyg
V2468 Cyg
V2491 Cyg
V2487 Oph
V2540 Oph
V2575 Oph
V2576 Oph
V2615 Oph
V2670 Oph
V2671 Oph
V2672 Oph
7.8 (76)
8.5 (38)
V1047 Cen
V2362 Cyg
8.05 (35)
9.3 (73)
4.5 (31)
RS Oph
U Sco
V2361 Cyg
8.1 (29)
4.3 (70)
10.4 (27)
SMC 2005
QY Mus
V1974 Cyg
10.6 (25)
LMC 2009a
3.8 (61)
11.5 (21)
LMC 2005
10.5 (65)
11.45 (18)
LMC 2000
V1494 Aql
10.7 (16)
LMC 1995
V1663 Aql
7.84 (11)
5.42 (14)
KT Eri
7.2 (7)
GQ Mus
IM Nor
···
2455060.02 (118)
2454617.5 (115)
2454613.11 (111)
2454187.5 (108)
2453832.5 (106)
2453778.8 (104)
2452295.5 (102)
2450979.5 (97)
2454567.86 (91)
2454534.2 (88)
2454176.27 (82)
2453831.5 (76)
2453412.5 (73)
2448654.5 (70)
2453531.5 (65)
2451515.5 (61)
2454714.5 (58)
2454152.21 (55)
2454147.65 (14)
2454959.5 (48)
2453577.5 (46)
2453220.5 (44)
2454123.5 (41)
2453614.5 (39)
2455224.94 (35)
2453779.44 (14)
2454739.90 (29)
2453588.5 (27)
2454867.5 (25)
2453700.5 (21)
2451737.5 (18)
2449778.5 (16)
2455150.17 (14)
2452289 (2)
2445352.5 (7)
2451665.5 (1)
2454596.5
8.83 (1)
(JD)
(mag)
CSS081007
Date
Vmax
CI Aql
Name
2.3 (119)
8:
15:
26.5 (108)
8:
1.6±0.1 (119)
2.0 (117)
1.3: (113)
0.9 (108)
0.25 (107)
1.4 (105)
···
0.38±0.08 (98)
0.43 (94)
0.77 (89)
1.5 (84)
0.575±0.015 (79)
1.2: (75)
0.36±0.04 (71)
2: (68)
0.6 (63)
1.2 (30)
0.7 (57)
0.36 (54)
4.0e+21
3.3e+21
2.9e+21
3.1e+21
2.6e+21
3.3e+21
2.3e+21
2.0e+21
4.7e+21
1.0e+22
1.4e+22
4.4e+21
7.0e+21
2.7e+21
1.6e+22
3.6e+21
4.0e+21
3.2e+21
1.6e+21
1.0e+22
5.0e+21
···
2.07 (30)
8.0e+21
1.56 (44)
3.75e+21
1.4e+22
···
0.5±0.1 (42)
1.2e+21
2.25e+21
4.2e+21
5e+20
5.7e+20
1e+21
7.8e+20
7.8e+20
5.5e+20
8e+21
3.8e+21
1.1e+21
1.2e+22
(cm−2 )
NH
0.2±0.1 (4)
Table 7 continued
8000 (118)
1210 (116)
600 (112)
800 (109)
1470 (106)
560 (104)
···
20:
10000 (98)
···
4860 (93)
1000 (88)
950 (82)
1850 (78)
3200 (74)
2000 (19)
1900 (67)
1200 (62)
670 (60)
1800 (56)
640 (53)
2300 (50)
1730 (47)
3000 (44)
2700 (43)
840 (38)
7600 (37)
6.3 (98)
4.6 (92)
10:
7 (83)
9 (77)
6 (40)
17 (71)
17 (66)
6.6±0.5 (61)
23±2 (59)
15:
21 (52)
11±2 (49)
7 (40)
7: (45)
11 (42)
6 (40)
1.2 (36)
7.9 (14)
0.73 (32)
···
3930 (31)
···
0.71 (30)
3200 (28)
···
60:
0.15 (203)
0.15 (203)
3900 (25)
900 (23)
0.15 (203)
0.15 (203)
···
1700 (20)
0.08 (15)
0.8±0.2 (4)
0.45 (9)
0.146
3000 (15)
1150 (12)
1000 (8)
···
0.8±0.2 (4)
(mag)
(km s−1 )
2300 (3)
E(B-V)
FWHM
4±1
63 (22)
9±2 (19)
15±2 (17)
6.6 (14)
50 (2)
18 (7)
···
32 (2)
(d)
t2
50
···
61
0.159 (85)
···
···
3.7±0.2 (108)
···
···
19±2 (119)
···
···
···
···
···
···
27.5±3 (99)
5.2±0.8 (103)
···
0.284781 (103)
10.5 (96)
···
3.1±0.5 (86)
0.09580: (95)
0.242 (90)
7.75±3 (77)
···
···
0.06577 (80)
1.8±0.1 (72)
0.081263 (70)
1.6±0.1 (63)
···
···
8.9±3.6 (69)
···
···
···
1.6±0.4 (54)
···
0.13467 (64)
···
···
4.9±0.5 (44)
···
7.5 (39)
9.05±2.8 (42)
···
···
···
12±2 (4)
1.6±0.3 (33)
···
···
1.23056 (36)
456 (33)
···
···
50
50
···
1.19 (26)
50
6.5 (15)
···
4.25±3.4 (4)
···
4.8±1 (9)
4.45±1.95 (6)
6.25±5 (4)
(kpc)
D
0.102 (13)
0.059375 (10)
1.77 (5)
0.62 (4)
(d)
Period
Table 7. Observable Characteristics of Galactic/Magellanic Cloud novae with X-ray observations
···
M (117)
N (114)
Y (110)
N
N (105)
N
N (100)
N
N
M (87)
Y (81)
Y (40)
N
N
N
···
N
Y (54)
···
···
N
Y (42)
···
N
N (34)
M
···
N
M (24)
···
···
N
N
N (7)
···
N
Dust?
M
···
···
···
···
···
···
Y (101)
M
···
···
···
···
···
···
···
···
···
···
···
···
···
···
···
Y
Y
···
···
Y
···
···
···
M
Y
···
···
Y
RN?
14
Schwarz et al.
9.8 (160)
8.38 (164)
7.7 (167)
8.15 (170)
6.53 (175)
5.56 (180)
7.43 (182)
6.93 (183)
7.0 (186)
3.46 (14)
7.55 (191)
V477 Sct
V5114 Sgr
V5115 Sgr
V5116 Sgr
V5558 Sgr
V5579 Sgr
V5583 Sgr
V574 Pup
V597 Pup
V598 Pup
V679 Car
12 (201)
10.3 (157)
V476 Sct
XMMSL1 J06
7.41 (153)
V4745 Sgr
7.1 (192)
5.0 (149)
V4743 Sgr
5 (197)
8.07 (145)
V4643 Sgr
V838 Her
7.8 (141)
V4633 Sgr
V723 Cas
8.24 (132)
7.57 (137)
6.8 (128)
V407 Cyg
V458 Vul
2.85 (125)
V382 Vel
V459 Vul
8.9 (124)
V382 Nor
2453643.5 (202)
2448340.5 (197)
2450069.0 (192)
2454797.77 (191)
2454257.79 (14)
2454418.75 (186)
2453332.22 (183)
2455051.07 (182)
2454579.62 (180)
2454291.5 (175)
2453556.91 (170)
2453459.5 (167)
2453081.5 (164)
2453655.5 (160)
2453643.5 (157)
2452747.5 (153)
2452537.5 (149)
2451965.867 (145)
2450895.5 (141)
2454461.5 (137)
2454322.39 (132)
2455266.314 (128)
2451320.5 (125)
2453447.5 (124)
2448617.5 (120)
(JD)
(mag)
6.5 (120)
Date
Vmax
V351 Pup
Name
8±2 (202)
2 (198)
263 (2)
20:
9±1 (190)
3:
13 (184)
5:
7:
125 (176)
6.5 (171)
7 (40)
11 (165)
3 (160)
15 (158)
8.6 (154)
9 (150)
4.8 (146)
19±3 (142)
18 (138)
7 (133)
5.9 (129)
4.5 (126)
12 (40)
16 (121)
(d)
t2
0.5 (194)
0.5±0.1 (198)
0.15 (203)
···
···
···
···
600 (193)
0.3 (188)
0.16 (190)
···
0.5±0.1
0.39 (30)
1.2 (181)
0.80 (178)
0.25 (173)
0.53 (169)
8.7e+20
2.6e+21
2.35e+21
1.3e+22
1.4e+21
5.0e+21
6.2e+21
2.0e+21
3.3e+21
1.6e+22
1.5e+21
2.3e+21
4e+21
1.5e+21
···
1800 (187)
2800 (184)
2300 (182)
1500 (23)
1000 (177)
970 (172)
1300 (168)
2000 (23)
1.2e+22
9.0e+20
1.2e+21
1.4e+22
1.4e+21
5.5e+21
3.6e+21
8.8e+21
3.4e+21
1.2: (162)
1.9 (158)
···
2900 (161)
0.1 (154)
0.25 (151)
1.67 (148)
0.21 (142)
1.0 (140)
0.6 (135)
0.5±0.05 (130)
0.05: (126)
1.7e+22
···
1600 (155)
2400 (149)
4700 (147)
1700 (143)
910 (139)
1750 (134)
2760 (129)
2400 (126)
1850 (23)
6.2e+21
(cm−2 )
NH
0.72±0.1 (122)
(mag)
(km s−1 )
···
E(B-V)
FWHM
Table 7 (continued)
M (163)
N (188)
6.5±1
···
···
···
0.2975 (199)
0.69 (195)
···
···
50
3±1 (198)
3.86±0.23 (196)
···
2.95±0.8 (190)
10.5
···
0.11119 (189)
M (185)
···
···
···
Y (200)
N
···
···
···
Y (181)
N (179)
1.3±0.3 (176)
···
N (174)
11±3 (173)
N (169)
N (166)
···
···
···
···
···
···
···
···
···
···
···
···
···
···
···
···
M (159)
···
···
···
···
···
···
N
N
N
Y (140)
N (135)
···
Y
···
···
···
RN?
N
···
N
Dust?
0.1238 (171)
···
···
···
7.7±0.7 (165)
···
···
4±1 (158)
14±5 (154)
···
0.20782 (156)
3.9±0.3 (151)
3 (148)
···
0.281 (152)
8.9±2.5 (142)
0.125576 (144)
8.5±1.8 (133)
3.65±1.35 (138)
···
2.7 (131)
1.68±0.3 (126)
···
2.7±0.7 (122)
(kpc)
D
0.06812255 (136)
15595 (131)
0.146126 (127)
···
0.1182 (123)
(d)
Period
Sample article
15
16
Schwarz et al.
A handy ”cheat sheat” that provides the necessary LaTeX to produce 17 different types of tables
is available at http://journals.aas.org/authors/aastex/
aasguide.html#table cheat sheet.
REFERENCES
Astropy Collaboration, Robitaille, T. P., Tollerud, E. J., et
al. 2013, A&A, 558, A33
Bertin, E., & Arnouts, S. 1996, A&AS, 117, 393
Corrales, L. 2015, ApJ, 805, 23
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