Common MIPS Instructions

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Common MIPS instructions.
Notes:op, funct, rd, rs, rt, imm, address, shamt refer to fields in the instruction format. The program counter PC is assumed to
point to the next instruction (usually 4 + the address of the current instruction). M is the byte-addressed main memory.
Instr.
format

op
op/funct

add $rd, $rs, $rt

R

0/32

$rd = $rs + $rt

Add contents of two registers

sub $rd, $rs, $rt

R

0/34

$rd = $rs - $rt

Subtract contents of two registers

addi $rt, $rs, imm

I

8

$rt = $rs + imm

Add signed constant

addu $rd, $rs, $rt

R

0/33

$rd = $rs + $rt

Unsigned, no overflow

subu $rd, $rs, $rt

R

0/35

$rd = $rs - $rt

Unsigned, no overflow

addiu $rt, $rs, imm

I

9

$rt = $rs + imm

Unsigned, no overflow

mfc0 $rt, $rd

R

16

$rt = $rd

rd = coprocessor register (e.g. epc, cause, status)

mult $rs, $rt

R

0/24

Hi, Lo = $rs * $rt

64 bit signed product in Hi and Lo

multu $rs, $rt

R

0/25

Hi, Lo = $rs * $rt

64 bit unsigned product in Hi and Lo

div $rs, $rt

R

0/26

Lo = $rs / $rt, Hi = $rs mod $rt

divu $rs, $rt

R

0/27

Lo = $rs / $rt, Hi = $rs mod $rt (unsigned)

mfhi $rd

R

0/16

$rd = Hi

Get value of Hi

mflo $rd

R

0/18

$rd = Lo

Get value of Lo

and $rd, $rs, $rt

R

0/36

$rd = $rs & $rt

Logical AND

or $rd, $rs, $rt

R

0/37

$rd = $rs | $rt

Logical OR

andi $rt, $rs, imm

I

12

$rt = $rs & imm

Logical AND, unsigned constant

ori $rt, $rs, imm

I

13

$rt = $rs | imm

Logical OR, unsigned constant

sll $rd, $rs, shamt

R

0/0

$rd = $rs << shamt

Shift left logical (shift in zeros)

srl $rd, $rs, shamt

R

0/2

$rd = $rs >> shamt

Shift right logical (shift in zeros)

lw $rt, imm($rs)

I

35

$rt = M[$rs + imm]

Load word from memory

sw $rt, imm($rs)

I

43

M[$rs + imm] = $rt

Store word in memory

lbu $rt, imm($rs)

I

37

$rt = M[$rs + imm]

Load a single byte, set bits 8-31 of $rt to zero

sb $rt, imm($rs)

I

41

M[$rs + imm] = $rt

Store byte (bits 0-7 of $rt) in memory

lui $rt, imm

I

15

$rt = imm * 216

Load constant in bits 16-31 of register $rt

beq $rs, $rt, imm

I

4

if($rs==$rt) PC = PC + imm (PC always points to next instruction)

bne $rs, $rt, imm

I

5

if($rs!=$rt) PC = PC + imm (PC always points to next instruction)

slt $rd, $rs, $rt

R

0/42

if($rs<$rt) $rd = 1; else $rd = 0

slti $rt, $rs, imm

I

10

if($rs
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