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FIRST® TECH CHALLENGE

2009/2010 GAME MANUAL

2009-10 FIRST® Tech Challenge Game Manual

Document Revision History
Revision Date

Changes

09/10/09

Initial Release

9/11/09

2.2 changed “one special Bonus Balls” to "Bonus Ball"
2.3. Clarified definition of the Bonus Ball.
9.4 Added R5C line to Inspection sheet: "Robot contains no more than 24"x24"x 0.080" thick
PETG
Added revision history page

9/15/09

Section 4, , second paragraph: Change FMS to FCS.
Section 6.3, First sentence: Change FMS to FCS.

9/30/09

Section 2.3 under “Scored” Low Goal area definition revised from “extending upward
infinitely” to “extending upward to the bottom of the Spin Bar”
Section 2.4.6, Penalty Summary: revised: Spinning the bar during autonomous will incur
a 40 point penalty.

10/05/09

Section 2.4 Definition of Revised.
Section 2.4.6, Penalty Summary Revised: Robots contacting the Spin Bar during
autonomous will incur a 40 point penalty
Section 2.4.6, Robot contacting the High Goal at any time during the Match will incur a 40 point
penalty.
Section 4.2 , c.4 and c.6, added “sheet” to definitions.
Section 2.3 Revised definition of “penalty”
Section 4.3 Revised version 2.0 of ROBOTC to version 1.93 (or later)

11/20/09

Section 6.2 Added language regarding use of Bluetooth device other than the recommended
Dongle supplied with the kit.
Removed sections 6.3 and 6.4, regarding functions and use of the FCS and made reference to
find this information in the FCS Manual.
Competition Inspection Checklist: Correct r R5c to the proper “not to exceed 11"
Section 2.4 a. Added clarification: Balls blocked during Autonomous Period will be
counted twice.
Page 34: Clarification on accepted version of ROBOTC.
Section 4.2 , c.1, c.2, c.3, c.5, c.6 and c.9 added “not more than 1” to definitions.

01/04/10

Rev 7 01/04/10

Section 4.2 c.1, c.2, c.3, c.5, c.6, and c.9 Removed “not more than 1”; not to exceed 576
sq. inches total area, 24” maximum dimension, and not . . .

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CONTENTS
Section 1 – Introduction ....................................................................................................................................................... 7
1.1 – Overview ........................................................................................................................................................ 7
1.2 – About FIRST .................................................................................................................................................... 7
1.3 – What is the FIRST Tech Challenge? ................................................................................................................ 8
1.4 – Gracious Professionalism – A FIRST Credo ..................................................................................................... 8
1.5 – The FIRST Tech Challenge – 2009 Season....................................................................................................... 8
Section 2 – The Game ........................................................................................................................................................... 10
2.1 – Overview ........................................................................................................................................................ 10
2.2 – Game Description ........................................................................................................................................... 10
2.3 – Game Definitions ............................................................................................................................................ 11
2.4 – Game Rules .................................................................................................................................................... 13
2.4.1 – Scoring ............................................................................................................................................. 14
2.4.2 – Scoring in Autonomous Mode ......................................................................................................... 14
2.4.3 – Safety Rules...................................................................................................................................... 14
2.4.4 – General Game Rules ........................................................................................................................ 14
2.4.5 – Hot Shot! Specific Game Rules ......................................................................................................... 15
2.4.6 – Hot Shot! Penalty Summary ............................................................................................................. 17
Section 3 – The Tournament ................................................................................................................................................ 19
3.1 – Overview ........................................................................................................................................................ 19
3.2 – Tournament Definitions ................................................................................................................................. 19
3.3 – Tournament Event Agendas ........................................................................................................................... 19
3.4 – Courtesies and Rules ...................................................................................................................................... 20
3.5 – Eye Protection and Safety .............................................................................................................................. 21
3.6 – Event Day Overview ....................................................................................................................................... 21
3.6.1 – Team Registration ............................................................................................................................ 21
3.6.2 – Robot and Software Inspection ....................................................................................................... 21
3.6.3 – Judge’s Interviews............................................................................................................................ 22
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3.6.4 – Practice Matches ............................................................................................................................. 22
3.6.5 – Opening Ceremony .......................................................................................................................... 22
3.6.6 – Qualifying Matches .......................................................................................................................... 22
3.6.7 – Alliance Selection ............................................................................................................................. 23
3.6.8 – Elimination Matches ........................................................................................................................ 24
3.6.9 – Awards and Closing Ceremony ........................................................................................................ 25
3.7 – Tournament Rules .......................................................................................................................................... 25
3.8 – Team Spirit ..................................................................................................................................................... 26
3.8.1 – Team Styling..................................................................................................................................... 26
3.8.2 – Banners and Flags ............................................................................................................................ 26
3.8.3 – Spectators and Etiquette ................................................................................................................. 26
3.8.4 – Scouting ........................................................................................................................................... 26
Section 4 - The Robot ........................................................................................................................................................... 28
4.1 – Overview ........................................................................................................................................................ 28
4.2 – Robot Rules .................................................................................................................................................... 28
4.3 – Programming Guidelines ................................................................................................................................ 34
Section 5 – Engineering Notebooks ...................................................................................................................................... 35
5.1 – Overview ........................................................................................................................................................ 35
5.2 – What is an Engineering Notebook? ................................................................................................................ 35
5.3 – The Notebook ................................................................................................................................................. 35
5.4 – Guidelines/Format ......................................................................................................................................... 35
5.5 – Judge’s Tips .................................................................................................................................................... 36
5.6 – Virtual Help .................................................................................................................................................... 37
5.7 – Notebook Examples ....................................................................................................................................... 37
Section 6 – Field Control System .......................................................................................................................................... 38
6.1 – Overview ........................................................................................................................................................ 38
6.2 – The Field Control System (FCS) ...................................................................................................................... 38
Section 7 – Judging & Awards Criteria .................................................................................................................................. 39

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7.1 – Overview ........................................................................................................................................................ 39
7.2 – FIRST Tech Challenge Awards Eligibility ......................................................................................................... 39
7.2.1 - Local Events ...................................................................................................................................... 39
7.2.2 - Qualifiers .......................................................................................................................................... 39
7.2.3 - Championship Tournaments ............................................................................................................ 39
7.3 – FIRST Tech Challenge Award Categories ........................................................................................................ 40
7.3.1 – FIRST Tech Challenge Inspire Award ................................................................................................ 40
7.3.2 – Rockwell Collins Innovate Award ..................................................................................................... 40
7.3.3 – FIRST Tech Challenge PTC Design Award ......................................................................................... 41
7.3.4 – FIRST Tech Challenge Connect Award ............................................................................................. 41
7.3.5 – FIRST Tech Challenge Motivate Award ............................................................................................ 42
7.3.6 – FIRST Tech Challenge Think Award .................................................................................................. 42
7.3.7 – FIRST Tech Challenge Winning Alliance Award ................................................................................ 42
7.3.8 – FIRST Tech Challenge Finalist Alliance Award .................................................................................. 42
7.4 – Judging Process, Schedule, and Team Preparation ........................................................................................ 43
7.4.1 – Judging Process ................................................................................................................................ 43
7.4.2 – Judging Schedule ............................................................................................................................. 43
7.4.3 – Team Preparation ............................................................................................................................ 43
7.5 – FIRST Tech Challenge Championship Event Eligibility .................................................................................... 44
Section 8 – Team Resources ................................................................................................................................................. 45
8.1 – Overview ........................................................................................................................................................ 45
8.2 – FIRST Contact Information ............................................................................................................................. 45
8.3 – Getting Answers to Your Questions ............................................................................................................... 45
8.4 – Technical Support ........................................................................................................................................... 45
8.5 – Team Development Support .......................................................................................................................... 46
8.6 – Using the FIRST, FTC, and game Logos ........................................................................................................... 46
Section 9 – Robot Inspection ................................................................................................................................................ 47
9.1 – Overview ........................................................................................................................................................ 47

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9.2 – Description ..................................................................................................................................................... 47
9.3 – Definitions ...................................................................................................................................................... 47
9.4 – Inspection Rules ............................................................................................................................................. 47
Competition Inspection Checklist ......................................................................................................................................... 49

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SECTION 1 – INTRODUCTION
1.1 – OVERVIEW

This section provides an introduction to FIRST and the FIRST Tech Challenge program.
1.2 – ABOUT FIRST

“…to create a world where science and technology are celebrated… where young people dream of
becoming science and technology heroes.”
FIRST Founder, Dean Kamen

FIRST
FIRST (For Inspiration and Recognition of Science and Technology) was founded by inventor Dean Kamen to
inspire young people’s interest and participation in science and technology. Based in Manchester, New
Hampshire, FIRST is a 501(c)(3) not-for-profit public charity.
As a volunteer-driven organization, FIRST is built on partnerships with individuals as well as businesses,
educational institutions, and government. Some of the world’s most respected companies provide funding,
mentorship time and talent, and equipment to make FIRST’s mission a reality. As a team coach, you join over
80,000 committed and effective volunteers who are key to introducing close to 200,000 young people to the
joy of problem solving through engineering.
FIRST provides four programs: the FIRST Robotics Competition (FRC) and the FIRST Tech Challenge (FTC) for
grades 9-12; ages 14-18*, FIRST LEGO® League (FLL) for 9 to 14 year-olds, and Junior FIRST LEGO League for 6
to 9 year-olds. Also located at FIRST headquarters is the research and development facility called FIRST Place.
FIRST Place is integral to game design, new program development, evaluation, and professional development
of FIRST mentors.
“We want to change the culture
by celebrating the mind. We
need to show kids that it’s more
fun to design and create a video
game than it is to play one.”
Dean Kamen,
Founder, FIRST
Dean Kamen is President of DEKA Research & Development Corporation; a dynamic company focused on the
development of revolutionary new technologies that span a diverse set of applications. As an inventor,
physicist, and entrepreneur, Dean has dedicated his life to developing technologies that help people lead
better lives. Dean’s proudest accomplishment is founding FIRST.
*May include 8th grade students 13 and older who are prepared to enter a high-school program.

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1.3 – WHAT IS THE FIRST TECH CHALLENGE?

FIRST Tech Challenge (FTC) is the newest addition to the family of FIRST programs. FTC grew out of a need for
a mid-level robotics program to transition teams from FIRST LEGO League to FIRST Robotics Competition.
Piloted for two years as the FIRST Vex Challenge, FTC became an official FIRST program and was renamed
FIRST Tech Challenge in 2007.
The FTC Competition Kit challenges students’ creative problem-solving skills by enabling them to build robots
that do amazing things. Students design and construct robotic devices that can be autonomously
programmed or operator-controlled to perform various tasks that expand the boundaries of experimental
intelligence.
FIRST Tech Challenge teams receive each year’s game during a September Kickoff. The game’s rules and
regulations are provided on the www.usfirst.org website. When you bring dedicated, enthusiastic students
and a mentor together, the results can be phenomenal!
1.4 – GRACIOUS PROFESSIONALISM – A FIRST CREDO

Dr. Woodie Flowers, National Advisor for FIRST, speaks about gracious professionalism in this way: “The
FIRST spirit encourages doing high-quality, well informed work in a manner that leaves everyone feeling
valued. Gracious professionalism seems to be a good descriptor for part of the ethos of FIRST. It is part of
what makes FIRST different and wonderful.”
Gracious professionalism can and should mean different things to each of us. It is possible however, to
outline some of its meanings:
Gracious attitudes and behaviors are ‘win-win.’
Gracious folks respect others and let that respect show in their actions.
Gracious professionals make a valued contribution in a manner pleasing to others and to themselves as
they possess special knowledge and are trusted by society to use that knowledge responsibly.
As Woodie says, “In the long run, gracious professionalism is part of pursuing a meaningful life. One can add
to society and enjoy the satisfaction of knowing that you have acted with integrity and sensitivity. That’s
good stuff!”
The FIRST Tech Challenge is a student-centered activity and is about giving students a unique and stimulating
experience. We want students to learn the value of teamwork and to respect everyone’s ideas and
contributions to the team. FIRST values are about appreciating our differences and learning what those
differences add to our lives. FIRST programs succeed most fully when team members bring the FIRST values
they learn back to their communities.
1.5 – THE FIRST TECH CHALLENGE – 2009 SEASON

FIRST Tech Challenge teams will participate in the Hot Shot! Challenge for the 2009 season. Each game match
is made up of two distinct types of play – operator-controlled and autonomous. Each tournament features

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alliances of two teams playing side-by-side on the Playing Field. Teams will compete to score the most
points by completing various tasks, including emptying Ball Chutes with plastic baseball-size balls and scoring
them in high, low, and Off-field Goals. Teams will be challenged by completing tasks during autonomous and
Driver-Controlled Periods and will be scoring special Bonus Balls for double points at the end of a match.
During an exciting build period, teams work as a group to overcome obstacles and meet challenges while
learning from and interacting with their peers and adult mentors. Teams work together to build a Robot that
will be able to successfully complete the challenge set forth at Kickoff. Students come away with a greater
appreciation of science and technology and how they might use it to positively impact the world around
them. In addition, they cultivate life skills such as planning, brainstorming, collaboration, teamwork,
leadership as well as research and technical skills.
Teams are allowed to compete in as many Qualifying Tournaments as they would like but can only qualify to
advance to the FTC World Championship at their first three events. The FIRST Championship Event in Atlanta,
GA is an exciting event where teams from FTC, FRC, and FLL celebrate their accomplishments with other
teams, family, and friends. Eligibility requirements for the FTC World Championship will be released after
Kickoff on the www.usfirst.org website.

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SECTION 2 – THE GAME
2.1 – OVERVIEW

This section describes the FIRST Tech Challenge game for the 2009 season, called Hot Shot! It also lists the
game definitions and game rules.
2.2 – GAME DESCRIPTION

Matches are played on a Playing Field initially set up as illustrated in the figures below. Two alliances – one
“red” and one “blue” – composed of two teams each, compete in each match. The object of the game is to
attain a higher score than your opposing alliance by shooting 9-inch (circumference) plastic balls into the
goals in the center of the Playing Field (high or low) or in the Off-field Goals during the last 30 seconds of the
match. The High Goal freely spins 360-degrees on a pivot.
In the Autonomous Period, balls Scored in the center of the Playing Field (high or low) goals will be counted
and Scored at the end of the period. There will also be bonus points awarded to alliances for releasing balls
from their color-corresponding Ball Chutes during the Autonomous Period. Robots may only make contact
with the color-taped portion of the Ball Chute Trigger to release the balls on the Playing Field.
There are a total of 80 balls available to both teams as scoring objects in the game. Eight balls are given to
each alliance to pre-load onto the Robots in any way they want and 60 will be placed in Ball Chutes located
on each corner of the Playing Field – 15 per chute. One special Bonus Ball (with a Yellow color) will be given
to each team but may only be introduced onto the Playing Field in the last 30 seconds of the match.

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Note: The illustrations in this section of the manual are only provided to give a general visual understanding of the game.
Teams should refer to the official field drawings available at www.usfirst.org under FTC Team Resources for exact field dimensions, a full field BOM
and the exact details for field construction. Items listed in the full field BOM are recommended for an official Field Kit. Suitable substitutions are
acceptable. Lower cost field options are also provided at www.usfirst.org

2.3 – GAME DEFINITIONS

Alliance – A pre-assigned grouping of two teams that work together for a given match.
Alliance Station – The designated region where the Drivers and Coach stand or move within during any
match.
Autonomous Period – A 30-second period in which the Robots operate and react only to sensor inputs
and to commands pre-programmed by the team into the onboard robot control system. Human control
of the Robot is not permitted during this time.
Ball – A scoring element for the 2009 FIRST Tech Challenge game, Hot Shot! The ball is a plastic baseball
training ball with holes in it. It is made from hard durable plastic and measures 9-inches in circumference
(approx. 2.86 inches diameter) and weighs approximately 0.9 ounces. 76 game balls will be white. 4
special Bonus Balls will be yellow. Bonus Balls will double the total score of all the white balls in the goal
it lands in. Bonus Balls have no value on their own so if the bonus ball is the only ball in the goal, no points
are given.
Ball Chute – A tube standing at each corner of the Playing Field to hold Balls that will be released onto the
Playing Field by the Robot. The Ball Chute will also be used by a Coach to introduce the Bonus Ball onto
the Playing Field during the End Game. There are two kinds of Ball Chutes on the Playing Field:

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Near Ball Chute – is immediately next to the corresponding Drive Teams’ Alliance station.
Far Ball Chute – is across the Playing Field from the corresponding Drive Teams’ Alliance station.
Ball Chute Trigger – The blue or red taped portion of the Ball Chute mechanism that enables Robots to
release the balls onto the Playing Field. The PVC coupling between the two taped portions is considered
to be part of the Ball Chute Trigger.
Center Field Structure – The portion of the Playing Field that includes the High Goal, Low Goal and the 3’x
3’ borders and board that enclose those Goals.
Coach – A student or adult mentor designated as the team advisor during the match and identified as the
person wearing a “coach” badge or identifying marker.
Competition Area – The area where all the Playing Fields, scoring tables, and other event official tables
are located.
Drive Team – Up to three representatives (two Drivers and one Coach) from a legally registered entity
with FIRST that is composed of up to 10 students and supported by any number of coaches or mentors.
Driver – A pre-college student team member responsible for operating and controlling the Robot and
wearing a “Driver” badge or identifying marker.
Driver-Controlled Period – The two-minute time period in which the Drivers operate the Robots after the
Autonomous Period.
End Game – The last thirty (30) seconds of the Driver-Controlled Period at the end of the match. During
the End Game, teams can shoot balls into the Off-field Goals. Coaches may also introduce the four Bonus
Balls onto the Playing Field during this time period by placing them into the top of the Ball Chutes.
Field Control System (FCS) – The Field Control System is the computer program that will serve as the
communications system between the Drivers and the Robot during each Match. Each Drive Team will
supply and operate their own FCS for each Match.
Match – A Match consists of an Autonomous Period followed by a Driver-Controlled Period for a total
time of two minutes and thirty seconds (2:30).
Penalty – A decrement in the alliance score assigned when a deserving violation of the game rules has
been identified by a Referee.
Pin / Pinning – One Robot preventing the movement in all directions of an opposing Robot while in
contact with the Playing Field, one or more field elements, or another Robot. Pinning during the
Autonomous Period will be determined as if the opposing Robot were operated under Driver control (e.g.
Driver-Controlled Period) and was not able to move.
Playing Field – The part of the Competition Area that includes the 12’x12’ field, the Off-field Goals, the
Alliance stations, and optional scoring table.

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Robot – Any mechanism which has passed inspection that a team places in their corresponding Starting
Location prior to the start of a Match. A more detailed definition of Robot also appears in the Robot Rules
and Inspection sections.
Scored – A ball is Scored if the entire ball is a) for the Low Goal: in the space extending above the
corresponding scoring areas up to the bottom of the spin bar; b) for the High Goal: if the ball is supported
by the High Goal (i.e. it may be partially outside the hole); c) for the Off-field Goal: in the space extending
infinitely above the corresponding Scoring Area. In all cases, the ball will be Scored if it is not touching a
Robot of the same alliance color as the goal.
Scoring Areas – There are three (3) Scoring Areas where balls may be Scored – two within the 12’x12’
Playing Field and one outside the Playing Field. Balls will be counted for the corresponding alliance color
based on where they are Scored.
Low Goal – Sits in the base of the center of the Playing Field and is divided into a red side and blue
side. Each side of the Low Goal measures 33”w x 15”d. The Low Goal does not include the neutralcolored borders of the goal.
High Goal – A basket-like structure with a 9-inch hole for balls to be Scored. Each basket is identified
by a red or blue goal face. The bottom of the hole is located 30 inches from the mat of the Playing
Field (hole center is 34.5 inches from the mat). The hole is located in a 12”w x 24”h sheet of
polycarbonate and mounted on a free spinning frame constructed with PVC piping. There is an
Infrared Beacon and a 3” wide alliance-colored panel at the bottom of the polycarbonate that can be
used by the Robots for targeting.
Off-field Goal – Two baskets that measure 15”w x 23”d x 15”h and are placed 4 feet away from the
front side of the Playing Field. Balls can be shot into these goals only during the last 30 seconds of
the Match. Behind the Off-field Goal will be a netted Backstop that will be used to contain balls in the
Competition Area. The netting is not intended to be a reliable Backstop to bounce balls off to score in
the Off-field Goal. Teams should expect a large variability in the tautness of the netting.
Spin Bar – A red and blue-taped horizontal PVC pipe that sits between the floor and the bottom of the
High Goal to allow Robots to rotate the High Goal (see Field Drawings for details). The Spin Bar does not
include the PVC cross connector. The color of the Spin Bar does not mean that only that alliance can
touch that side.
Spin Time – The time of the Match where it is legal for Robots to make contact with the Spin Bar. This
time is defined as the 2 minute Driver-Controlled portion. Teams may NOT touch the Spin Bar during the
Autonomous Period.
Starting Location – The location where teams place their Robots before the start of the Match. There are
two Starting Locations per alliance on the Playing Field located in front of the corresponding alliance
station. The Robot may start in any orientation anywhere within and including the taped boundary.
2.4 – GAME RULES

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2.4.1 – S CORING
A white ball that is Scored in the Low Goal is worth one (1) point for the corresponding alliance.
A white ball that is Scored in the High Goal is worth five (5) points for the corresponding alliance.
A white ball that is Scored in the Off-field Goal is worth ten (10) points for the corresponding alliance only
if Scored in the End Game.
A yellow Bonus Ball will double the total points in the goal into which it is scored. The yellow ball itself
has no point value, therefore if is the only ball in the goal at the end of the game, no points will be
awarded for that goal.
2.4.2 – S CORING IN A UTONOMOUS M ODE
1. Any balls that are Scored during the Autonomous Period will be counted at the end of the
Autonomous Period. If those balls stay in the goal throughout the rest of the Match, they will be
Scored a second time.
2. Balls may only score in the High Goal or the Low Goal during the Autonomous Period.
3. If a Robot successfully opens a Ball Chute releasing all 15 balls onto the Playing Field during the
Autonomous Period, the corresponding alliance (based on color of the Ball Chute) will score 5 points
for the Near Ball Chute and 10 points for the Far Ball Chute.
2.4.3 – S AFETY R ULES
If at any time the Robot operation is deemed unsafe or has damaged the Playing Field, field
elements, surface, or barriers, by the determination of the referees, the offending team may be
disqualified. The Robot will require re-inspection before it may again compete.
Note: Teams should pay close attention to other Robot Specific Safety Rules outlined
elsewhere in other sections of the Game Manual.
If a Robot goes completely out-of-bounds (outside the 12’x12’ portion of the Playing Field), it will be
disabled for the remainder of the Match.
Note: The intent is NOT to penalize Robots for having mechanisms that inadvertently cross
the 12’x12’ border walls during normal game play.
2.4.4 – G ENERAL G AME R ULES
At the beginning of a Match, each Robot must not exceed a volume of 18“ wide by 18” long by 18”
tall. An offending Robot will be removed from the Match at the Head Referee’s discretion.
Alignment devices (templates, tape measures, lasers, etc.) that are not part of the Robot may NOT be
used to assist with the positioning of the Robot.
Each Drive Team shall include up to two Drivers and one Coach.
During a Match, the Drivers and Coach must remain in their Alliance station and cannot make any
contact with the Playing Field with the exception of contact described in . The first instance of
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leaving the Alliance station will result in a warning, with any following instances resulting in a Penalty or
disqualification.
Drivers and coaches are prohibited from making intentional contact with any game or field object
with the exception of the contact described in . The first instance of intentional contact will result
in a warning, with any following instances resulting in a Penalty or disqualification.
During a Match, Robots must be remotely operated only by the Drivers and/or by software running
in the on-board control system. If a Coach touches his/her team’s Robot controls anytime during a
Match, the Robot will be disabled and the team disqualified.
Scores will be calculated for all matches when all objects on the Playing Field have come to rest.
Robots may not intentionally detach parts during any Match, or leave mechanisms on the Playing
Field. If a detached component or mechanism is attached to the scoring area and prevents additional
scoring of balls, the team will be disqualified. Multiple infractions may result in disqualification for the
entire competition.
Strategies and mechanisms aimed solely at the destruction, damage, tipping over, or entanglement
of Robots or Scoring Areas are not in the spirit of the FIRST Tech Challenge and are not allowed. However,
Hot Shot! is a highly interactive contact game. Some tipping, entanglement, and damage may occur as a
part of normal game play. If the tipping, entanglement, or damage is ruled to be intentional, the
offending team may be disqualified for that Match. Repeated offenses could result in a team being
disqualified from the remainder of the competition.
A Robot cannot Pin another Robot for more than five seconds. If a referee determines this rule to
be violated, the offending alliance will receive a Penalty and the offending Robot may be disabled for the
Match. A Robot cannot incur a Pinning Penalty during Autonomous Mode. If a Pinning occurrence
happens during Autonomous Mode, the first action done by the offending Robot during the DriverControlled Period must be to back away from the pinned Robot or a Penalty will be assessed.
The actions of an alliance or their Robots shall not cause an opposing alliance or Robot to break a
rule and thus incur penalties. Any rule violations committed by the affected alliance shall be excused, and
no penalties will be assigned.
Robots must be designed to permit easy removal of balls from any grasping, containing, or holding
mechanism without requiring that the Robot have power after the Match.
Field tolerances may vary by as much as +/-1.0” and ball tolerances may vary as much as +/0.125” and +/- 0.25 ounces. Teams must design their Robots accordingly.
2.4.5 – H OT S HOT ! S PECIFIC G AME R ULES
At the beginning of each Match, each alliance Robot must be placed onto the Playing Field in the
Starting Location.

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a. During the Qualifying Matches, the red alliance Robots must be placed on the Playing Field first.
b. During the Elimination Matches, the lower seeded (i.e. 3rd seed is lower than 2nd seed) alliance
Robots must be placed on the Playing Field first.
Prior to the start of each Match, each alliance will have eight (8) balls available to preload into
their Robots.
a. A ball is considered to be legally preloaded if it is touching the Robot and not touching any part of
the field mat, other field elements, or border wall.
b. The preloaded balls can be loaded onto the Robots in any number not to exceed eight (8).
c. Balls not preloaded will remain out of play for the duration of the Match.
There are 15 Balls set in each of the Ball Chutes before the beginning of the Match. Teams are not
allowed to touch or reposition the balls or the Ball Chute Trigger in any way prior to the start of a Match.
Repeated violation of this rule may result in team disqualification.
During the End Game portion of the Match, the Coach for each team may introduce the Bonus Ball
onto the Playing Field. The only means of doing this is through the top of either of the two Ball Chutes
closest to the team’s Alliance station (regardless of ownership of the Ball Chute). Only one Bonus Ball
may be introduced per Ball Chute. Violations of this rule will result in a Penalty for the team and any
points Scored by the penalized team with the corresponding Bonus Ball will be negated.
Scoring in the Off-field Goals may only occur during the End Game portion of the Match, Violations
of this rule will result in a Penalty for the team and any points Scored will be negated.
Balls that leave the 12’x12’ area of the Playing Field will be placed back in play at the earliest safe
opportunity by a designated game official unless it has left play during the End Game. Balls will be placed
onto the Playing Field at the approximate location where it exited. Drive Teams are not allowed to return
balls onto the Playing Field. Violation of this rule will result in a Penalty for the team and may result in a
team disqualification.
Robots may make intentional contact with the Spin Bar only during the Spin Time portion of the
Match. Touching the Spin Bar during the 30 second autonomous period will result in a penalty. At all
times, touching any portion of the High Goal (other than the Spin Bar) will result in a penalty.
Robots may only make intentional contact with the taped portion of the Ball Chute Trigger and not
any other portion of the Ball Chute. Touching the non-taped portion of the Ball Chute Trigger or other
parts of the Ball Chute will result in a Penalty for the team. However, it is legal for a Robot to touch the
PVC elbow that is between the two taped portions of the trigger.
In the event a single ball meets the definition of Scored in more than one goal at the conclusion of
either period, that ball will count only once for the highest point value possible.
Removing (de-scoring) balls from only the Low Goal will be allowed. Intentional de-scoring of
balls from any other goal will result in a team disqualification.
Ball and Goal Blocking Rules:
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a. A ball that has been fully released from a Robot and is above 18” from the Playing Field (i.e. the
ball is not in contact with any part of the Robot that released it) with the intention of scoring into
any of the Goals may NOT be blocked by an opposing alliance’s Robot. Each blocked ball will be
awarded the points it would have received had it Scored. Balls blocked during Autonomous
Period will be counted twice.
b. Blocking any Goal by a mechanism of a Robot that is located within the Center Field Structure is
not allowed. Each blocked ball will be awarded the points it would have received had it Scored
and repeated offenses of this rule will result in a team disqualification.
c. Mechanisms designed for the sole purpose of blocking balls is prohibited (i.e. square panels that
block the High Goal) even if the Robot is located outside of the Center Field Structure are illegal.
Robots that violate this rule will not pass inspection (see Rule d).
2.4.6 – H OT S HOT ! P ENALTY S UMMARY
The following table shows the possible rule violations and their ramifications:
Violation
Drive Team outside of Alliance
station
Drive Team contacts field or
game object
Coach touches controls
Robot intentionally detaches
parts in scoring area
Intentional tipping,
entanglement, or damage
Pinning
Bonus Ball introduced too early
or not through Ball Chute
Scoring in Off-field Goals too
early
Drive Team returning balls to
Playing Field
Robots contacting the Spin Bar
during 30 second autonomous
period.
Robots contacting the High Goal
at any time during the match.
Robots contacting the non-taped
portion of the Ball Chute Trigger
or mechanism
Intentional de-scoring of balls
from the High Goal

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Ramification
Warning; followed by 5 points per offense
May lead to disqualification for Match
Warning; followed by 5 points per offense
May lead to disqualification for Match
Robot disabled and team disqualified for Match
Robot disabled and team disqualified for Match.
Multiple infractions may result in disqualification
for the entire competition.
Robot disabled and team disqualified
5 points per offense
May lead to disqualification for the Match
5 point Penalty and any score with that Bonus Ball
negated
5 point Penalty per occurrence and any score with
the offending ball(s) negated
5 points per offense
May lead to disqualification for the Match

Rule

40 points per offense

5 points per offense

Disqualification for the Match

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Violation
Blocking a ball that has been
released from a Robot or the
High Goal

Ramification

Rule

Each blocked ball will be awarded the points it
would have received had it Scored.

Blocking the High Goal while on
the Center Field Structure

Each blocked ball will be awarded the points it
would have received had it Scored.
May lead to disqualification for the Match

Blocking Mechanisms

Disqualification

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SECTION 3 – THE TOURNAMENT
3.1 – OVERVIEW

The FIRST Tech Challenge will be played in a tournament format. Each tournament will include practice,
qualifying, and Elimination Matches. After the Qualifying Matches, teams will be ranked based on their
performance. The top teams will then participate in the Elimination Matches to determine the event
champions.
This section provides a general summary regarding a FIRST credo, mascots/uniforms, recommended items
and equipment for teams to bring, pit rules, event schedules, registration, practice rules/time slots, and
Robot inspections. Please read the following to get a "feel" for competition schedules, registration
procedures, practice times, and matches.
3.2 – TOURNAMENT DEFINITIONS

Alliance Captain – A student chosen to represent their team during Alliance Selection for the final
Elimination Matches.
Alliance Selection – The process of choosing the permanent alliances for the Elimination Matches.
Elimination Match – A match used to determine the Winning Alliance. Alliances of two or three teams
face off in a series of matches, with two teams per alliance playing in each match. The first alliance to
win two matches will proceed to the next round.
Practice Match – A match used to provide time for teams to get acquainted to the official Playing Field.
Qualifying Match – A match used to determine the rankings for the Alliance Selection. Alliances compete
to earn Qualifying Points and Ranking Points.
Qualifying Points (QPs) – The first basis of ranking teams. Qualifying Points are awarded for winning (two
points) and tying (one point) a Qualifying Match.
Ranking Points (RPs) – The second basis of ranking teams. Ranking Points are awarded in the amount of
the final score of the losing alliance in a Qualifying Match. Ranking Points are used as the tiebreakers
when teams have equal Qualifying Points.
Surrogate Match – An additional Qualifying Match for some teams depending on the number of teams in
the tournament. A Surrogate Match will not count in the standings for Qualifying Points or Ranking
Points to the teams that are marked as playing as surrogates. However, these matches are very
important in the entire standings and should be played by all as if they were regular Qualifying Matches.

3.3 – TOURNAMENT EVENT AGENDAS

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Schedules will be available through your local FTC Affiliate Partner prior to or at your tournament.
3.4 – COURTESIES AND RULES

You will hear the expression Gracious Professionalism often throughout your involvement in the FIRST Tech
Challenge. One of our main goals is to encourage all team members to conduct themselves with kindness,
consideration, and sharing.
We hear heartwarming stories of teams sharing parts, helping to build and/or repair competing Robots, and
helping rookie teams avoid preventable pitfalls. These are examples of some side benefits of being involved
with this organization.
The pit is where the behind-the-scenes action takes place. The FIRST staff and volunteers want you to enjoy
the competition. Please read the rules below so everyone can work and compete in a safe, sportsmanlike,
friendly, and orderly manner. Please follow courtesy rules while in the pit as well as in the audience. Please
help to make the audience comfortable.

Bands:
Battery Safety:
Fire Extinguishers:

No live bands in the audience or pit.
Charge in an open, well-ventilated area.
Located at the pit administration station and in the Competition
Area.

Food:

You should check with the event organizer before bringing food to
an event, as some venues will not allow outside food on-site due to
contracts and agreements.

Music/Noise:

No loud music, audio systems, whistles, banging sticks, blow horns,
etc. They prevent teams from hearing important announcements.
Power may be shut off and/or noise makers confiscated.

Internet/Wireless
Network Access:

Teams may not set up a wireless network for communication
between themselves or amongst the teams. Internet access for the
teams will be at the discretion of the Tournament Director.

Team Safety
Captain:
Safety Glasses:

All team members and onlookers must wear safety glasses in the
pit and near the Competition Area. If you wear prescription glasses,
you must wear safety goggles over them or attach safety side
shields to them. Teams are required to bring enough safety
glasses/goggles to supply its team members and its guests.

Running:

There will be no running in the pit.

Painting:

There will be no painting in the pit.

Sales:
Seat Saving:

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Each team appoints a safety captain who will help maintain safety
at events, especially in the pit. He or she will remind attendees
about safety rules listed below.

Because of site regulations/contracts, FIRST cannot allow teams or
individuals to sell items, such as T-shirts, pins, etc., at any events.
Not allowed, we need seats to get the public comfortable and
interested.
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Soldering, Gluing,
Brazing, or other
Large Power Tools:

These actions and items may not be permitted in the pit areas or at
the competitions. Please check with the Tournament Director and if
necessary, contact your Affiliate Partner for alternatives.

3.5 – EYE PROTECTION AND SAFETY

FIRST requires all teams to bring and supply safety glasses for its members and guests for each competition.
Students and adult team members and guests must wear them to protect their eyes while working on the
Robot, when observing Robot building/repair work, and while competing.
Operators, players, and coaches will not be allowed in the Competition Area without them. Regular glasses
and sunglasses do not qualify as safety glasses. If you wear prescription glasses, you must wear safety
goggles over them or attach safety side shields.
3.6 – EVENT DAY OVERVIEW

An overview of the event and tournament will generally follow the following agenda:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.

Team Registration
Robot and Software Inspection
Judge’s Interviews
Practice Matches
Opening Ceremony
Qualifying Matches
Alliance Selection
Elimination Matches
Awards and Closing Ceremony
3.6.1 – T EAM R EGISTRATION

As a team arrives at the venue, the Coach or other adult mentor should register the team with the
tournament officials. During registration, the Coach will receive a packet of information for the team that
may include team badges, a judging schedule, a map of the facilities and pits, and other information that is
very important to the teams. The Coach should review all the material to make sure the packet is complete.
At this time, the team should set up their Pit area and get familiar with the venue such as where the practice
and Playing Fields are, where judging will take place, and understand the schedule.
3.6.2 – R OBOT AND S OFTWARE I NSPECTION
FTC Robots will be required to pass hardware and software inspections before being cleared to compete.
This inspection will ensure that all FTC Robot rules and regulations are met. Initial inspections will take place
during team registration/practice time. A copy of the official FTC “Robot Inspection Sheet” is located in
another section. The “Robot Inspection Sheet” should be used as a guide to pre-inspect the Robot.
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3.6.3 – J UDGE ’ S I NTERVIEWS
At FIRST Tech Challenge events, there are generally three parts to the judging process: 1) interview with
judges, 2) evaluation of performances, and 3) evaluation of the Engineering Notebook. Each team will have a
ten to fifteen minute “fact finding” discussion/interview with a panel of two or three judges. The Judge’s
Interviews generally take place before any Qualifying Matches take place so that the entire team may be
interviewed. When teams arrive at the event, the interview schedule should be included in the registration
materials. Make sure you know when your team will be interviewed and arrive to the interview room early.
Please have at least two student team representatives available; the entire team/robot is encouraged to
participate.
3.6.4 – P RACTICE M ATCHES
At the event, Practice Matches may be played in the morning during the team registration time until the
Drivers’ meeting begins. Every effort will be made to equalize practice time for all teams, but may also be
conducted on a first-come, first-served basis. These matches may be Scored, but the scores do not affect
team ranking.
3.6.5 – O PENING C EREMONY
The Opening Ceremony is the official kickoff of the event’s activities for the teams, the fans, and the public.
During the Opening Ceremony, a tournament official or the emcee will welcome the teams and the public,
introduce dignitaries and other special guests, and introduce the judges and the referees. Then the game will
be described (usually with a video) and the national anthems of all the teams’ countries will be played.
Immediately after, the first Qualifying Match takes place.
If your team is in any of the first four matches on the day of your event, volunteers will ask you to line up
before the opening ceremonies. Matches begin right after its conclusion. Please, make sure your team is on
time in case you have an early match.
3.6.6 – Q UALIFYING M ATCHES
The Qualifying Match schedule will be available prior to opening ceremonies on the day of the event. This
schedule will indicate alliance partners and match pairings. It will also indicate the alliance’s color – red or
blue – for the matches. These matches will start immediately after the Opening Ceremonies in accordance
with the Qualifying Match schedule. The queue team will work together throughout the day to line up teams
for the matches and maintain the schedules. It is very important to pay attention to the match schedule and
listen for announcements throughout the day. You will need to know when you will compete, find out the
number of the ending match before lunch, and which match is the last match of the tournament day.
Teams will be randomly assigned an alliance partner to compete with against two other randomly assigned
opponents for each Qualifying Match. All teams will be Scored based on the same number of Qualifying
Matches. In some cases, a team will be asked to play a Surrogate Match that will not count towards their

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standings during the event. This additional match will be denoted on the match schedule and/or announced
to the teams prior to the start of the Qualifying Matches.
At the conclusion of each match, Qualifying Points (QP) will be awarded:
Winning teams of a Qualifying Match receive two (2) QP.
Losing teams of a Qualifying Match receive zero (0) QP.
If a Qualifying Match ends in a tie, all four teams receive one (1) QP.
If a team is disqualified they receive zero (0) QP.
Teams will also receive Ranking Points (RP) based on the following:
The number of Ranking Points assigned for each match, is that of the losing alliance’s score.
In the event of a tie, both alliances will receive the same RP (equal to the tie score).
If a team is disqualified they receive zero (0) RP.
If both teams on an alliance are disqualified, the teams on the winning Alliance will be awarded their own
score as their RP for that match.
For a Qualifying Match, if no member of a team is present in the Alliance Station at the start of a match, that
team is declared a “no show” and will receive zero (0) QP and zero (0) RP.
At the conclusion of all Qualifying Matches, the teams will be ranked from first through last on the basis of
their total Qualifying Points (QPs). If multiple teams have the same QP total, then teams will be ranked on
the basis of their total Ranking Points (RPs). If multiple teams have the same RP total as well, then teams will
be ranked on the basis of their highest match score. If still tied, the next highest match score will be used
until the tie is broken. In the unlikely event that there is still a tie based on identical match scores, then the
teams will be ranked by a random electronic draw.
3.6.7 – A LLIANCE S ELECTION
The number of teams in the Elimination Matches will be based on the number of teams in the tournament
and the schedule of the day determined by the tournament director. If there are 21 or more teams in the
tournament, the Elimination Matches will consist of alliances of 3 teams each. If there are 20 teams or less,
then the alliances will consist of 2 teams each. There will be a total of four (4) alliances that will compete in
the Elimination Bracket.
The Alliance Selection process will consist of a number of rounds of selections, such that all Alliance Captains
will form Elimination Match alliances consisting of the requisite number of teams. These alliances will
participate in a ladder-type tournament to determine the event’s Champion Alliance. The Alliance Selection
process is as follows:
Each team will choose one student to act as the team’s representative. These representatives will
proceed to the Competition Area at the designated time to represent their teams in the Alliance
Selection.

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In order of tournament ranking, the student representative of the highest ranked team not already in an
alliance will be asked to step forward as the Alliance Captain to invite another available team to join
their alliance.
A team is available if they are not already part of an alliance, or have not already declined an alliance
invitation. If the team accepts, it is moved into that alliance. If a team declines, the CANNOT be
invited into another alliance, but are still available to select their own alliance if the opportunity
arises. If a team declines, the Alliance Captain from the inviting team must then extend an invitation
to another team.
The process continues until all Alliance Captains have been designated and chosen one alliance partner.
If there are more than 20 teams, the same method is used for each Alliance Captain’s second choice (the
third member of the alliance) from highest seed to lowest seed. Any teams remaining after the
lowest seeded captain makes their choice will not compete in the Elimination Matches.
3.6.8 – E LIMINATION M ATCHES
The Elimination Matches are very exciting in where the alliances determine who will be the Champion of the
event. The matches are played in a seeded ladder format where the top seed goes up against the lowest
seed, 2nd best seed vs. the 2nd lowest seed, and
so on.
Semi Finals

In the Elimination Matches, teams do not get
Qualifying Points; they get a win, loss or tie.
Within each bracket of the Elimination Match
Ladder, matches will be played to determine
which alliance advances. The advancing alliance
is the first one to win two matches. Any tied
matches will be replayed until one alliance has
two wins, and advances. The winners of each of
the Elimination Matches continue to play until
the champion is determined. An example
tournament bracket appears here:

Finals

Champion

#1 Seed
SF1

Winner of SF1
#4 Seed
Winner of Finals
#2 Seed

SF2

Winner of SF2
#3 Seed

During each round of the Elimination Matches, two teams from an alliance will compete on the Playing Field.
If the alliance has three teams on it, the team that sits out the first match in an elimination series must play in
the second match, with no exceptions. If the teams play more than two matches, any combination of two
alliance Robots may be used. Teams should consider the robustness of the Robots when picking alliance
partners.
If a team is disqualified during an Elimination Match, then their entire alliance is disqualified, and the match
will be recorded as a loss. Prior to each Elimination Match, the Alliance Captain must let the referee know
which two teams will be playing in the upcoming match.

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3.6.9 – A WARDS AND C LOSING C EREMONY
The Awards and Closing Ceremony celebrates the accomplishments of the teams and how they all did during
the event. The ceremony will begin as soon as the last match is played, however some awards may be given
out earlier in the event day (depending on the tournament officials). During the ceremony, all teams will be
recognized for their accomplishments as the awards are handed out. The Winning Alliance teams and the
Finalist Alliance teams will also be recognized. Finally, the Inspire Award winner will also be announced.
Depending on whether the event is a scrimmage, a qualifying tournament, or a championship, the
tournament officials will determine the advancement criteria. Generally, the Inspire Award winner and the
Winning Alliance Captain will advance to the next round of competitions. Other teams may be chosen to
advance to the next round. The advancement criteria will be announced to the teams prior to the start of the
event.
3.7 – TOURNAMENT RULES

Referees have ultimate authority during the competition. Their rulings are final.
a. The referees will not review any recorded replays.
b. Any questions for the referees must be brought forward by one student Drive Team member
within the time period of two (2) matches following the disputed match.
c. Team members are not allowed onto the Playing Field for any reason other than to place or
retrieve their Robots. Inspection of the Playing Field elements by team members for the express
purpose of determining scoring is prohibited.
d. Individuals and Teams that violate this rule will be subject to possible team punishments
including anywhere from match disqualification up to and including removal from the
tournament.
The only people permitted on the Playing Field are the three Drive Team members who are
identified by the Drive Team badges. These badges are interchangeable within a team.
There are no time outs in the qualifying rounds. In the elimination rounds, each alliance will be
allotted ONE time out of no more than three minutes. The matches must progress according to schedule.
a. If a Robot cannot report for a match, at least one member of the team should report to the
Playing Field for the match.
Teams will be guaranteed a minimum of five minutes between matches.
All team members and their guests, including coaches, must wear safety glasses or prescription
glasses with side shields while in the pits or alliance stations during matches.
NOTE: FIRST requires all teams to bring and supply, for each competition, ANSI-approved
non-shaded safety glasses for its team members, mentors, and guests. For our purposes,
amber lenses that allow for better/brighter vision are considered tinted, not shaded, and
their use is allowed at FIRST events. Sunglasses or deeply shaded safety glasses used in our
indoor event environment are not acceptable.

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3.8 – TEAM SPIRIT

Competing as a team is fun as well as rewarding. Part of the pleasure and reward of being a team member is
the way the team stylizes itself with team T-shirts, trading buttons, hats, cheers, cheerleaders, and costumes.
3.8.1 – T EAM S TYLING
When deciding on a team name or acronym, consider how you can work a theme around it to make your
team more fun and recognizable. Refer to Section 8: Team Resources for information.
3.8.2 – B ANNERS AND F LAGS
Sponsors provide FIRST with banners so we can display them in specified areas as a way of thanking them for
their generosity. We encourage teams to bring team flags and/or sponsor banners, but we ask that you
adhere to the following:
Do not use them to section off seating. Saving group seats is not permitted.
Hang banners in your pit station only, not on the pit walls.
You may bring banners to the Competition Area, but please do not hang them there. This area is
designated for official FIRST sponsors' banners.
3.8.3 – S PECTATORS AND E TIQUETTE
Teams are permitted to have 2 Drivers and 1 Coach (the Drive Team) at the Playing Field during their
scheduled matches. Spectators are not allowed on the Playing Field at any time and must remain outside of
the designated Competition Area. Some events may provide media passes for one additional team member
to gain access to a designated “media area”. Access to this area is only permitted with a media pass and only
while the media representative’s team is on the Playing Field. Spectators blocking the sidelines or accessing
the media area without a pass will be asked to move. Repeated violations of this rule may cause the
associated team to be disqualified.
3.8.4 – S COUTING
This information has been provided by the 2007 FRC Chairman’s Award winners, FRC Team #365, the Miracle
Workerz:
Teams use all different methods to record information about other teams – paper, computer, hand-held
PDAs, etc. Use whatever method is most comfortable for your team. Scouting is important to determine
how you complement other teams in your alliance and how you match up against your opponents. No
matter how you record it, focus on information, which will be useful to your team when you meet your
alliance partners to discuss strategy.
Some possible areas to gather information include:
CAPABILITIES – what can the robot/team do and what can’t it do?
STRATEGIES – what does the robot / team do during the match? How do they play the game?
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PERFORMANCE – how well does the robot / team do what it attempts? What are the robot’s strengths
and weaknesses?
AUTONOMOUS – what does the robot do in autonomous mode? Does the team have multiple program
options?
The more data points you can collect on strategies and performance, the better understanding you will have
of a given team. Many teams use a paper system to record this information. Information on Capabilities can
be obtained by visiting the team / robot in the pit area.

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SECTION 4 - THE ROBOT
4.1 – OVERVIEW

This section provides rules and requirements for the design and construction of your Robot. A FIRST Tech
Challenge Robot is a remotely operated vehicle designed and built by a registered FIRST Tech Challenge team
to perform specific tasks when competing in Hot Shot! Prior to competing at each event, all Robots will have
to pass an inspection. Refer to Section 9 for the Robot Inspection Guidelines and Inspection Checklist.
4.2 – ROBOT RULES

There are specific rules and limitations that apply to the design and construction of your Robot. Please
ensure that you are familiar with each of these Robot rules before proceeding with Robot design.
Only ONE Robot will be allowed to compete per team in the FIRST Tech Challenge. Though it is
expected that teams will make changes to their Robot at the competition, a team is limited to only ONE
Robot.
a. It is against the intent of this rule to compete with one Robot while a second is being modified or
assembled.
b. It is against the intent of this rule to switch back and forth between multiple Robots during a
competition.
Every Robot will be required to pass a full inspection before being cleared to compete. This
inspection will ensure that all FTC Robot rules and regulations are met. Initial inspections will take place
during team registration/practice time.
a. If significant changes are made to a Robot, it must be re-inspected before it will be allowed to
compete.
b. All Robot configurations must be inspected before being used in competition.
c. Teams may be requested to submit to random spot-inspections by event personnel. Refusal to
submit will result in disqualification.
d. Referees or inspectors may decide that a Robot is in violation of the rules. In this event, the team
in violation will be disqualified and the Robot will be barred from the Playing Field until it passes
re-inspection.
For further information on the inspection process please refer to Section 9, Robot Inspection Guidelines
The following types of mechanisms and components are NOT allowed:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.

Those that could potentially damage Playing Field components.
Those that could potentially damage other competing Robots.
Those that contain hazardous materials (e.g. mercury switches).
Those that pose an unnecessary risk of entanglement.
Those that are designed to flip or tip over goals or other Robots.
Those that contain sharp edges.

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At the beginning of any match, the maximum allowed size of a Robot is 18” x 18” x 18”.
a. During inspections, Robots will be placed into a “sizing box” which has interior dimensions
matching the above size constraints. To pass inspection, a Robot must fit within the box as
defined in the Robot Inspection Section.
b. Robots may expand beyond their starting size constraints after the start of a match but this year
there are limitations to how far a Robot can extend. The purpose of this rule is to prevent a Robot
from becoming a safety hazard to off-field personnel or causing damage to the field elements.
Therefore, beginning at 10" above the tile surface, Robots may not extend more than 10"
horizontally from the starting size of the Robot (see drawing below). There is no limit as to how
far a Robot may extend vertically.

c. Any restraints used to maintain starting size (i.e. zip ties, rubber bands, string, etc.) MUST remain
attached to the Robot for the duration of the match.
Robot construction is constrained to the following:
a. Any part from the TETRIX system with the following constraints:
No more than eight (8) TETRIX 12V DC drive Motors
No more than twelve (12) TETRIX Servos
Exactly one (1) 12V Rechargeable NiMH Battery Pack. This battery pack may only be used to
power the Robot through the HiTechnic DC Motor and Servo Controllers. This battery
pack must be identical to those supplied in the kit of parts. (Note: the TETRIX™ battery
pack is custom designed with an internal 20 amp protection circuit. Use of any other
battery could result in permanent damage to the NXT components and is not allowed).
Battery packs are NOT allowed to be used as ballast.
A total of no more than four (4) HiTechnic DC Motor or Servo Controllers (in any
combination)
The TETRIX R/C Controller (Product Id W34243), the Infrared Electronic Ball (Product Id
W991458) and the TETRIX Speed Controller (Product Id W34244) are NOT allowed.
The TETRIX AA Battery Holder is not allowed.
The Permatex Super Lube provided by the TETRIX system may be used only to reduce friction
with the Robot. Lubricants shall not be allowed to contaminate the Playing Field or other
Robots.
b. Any LEGO building element with the following constraints:
1. Exactly one (1) NXT Controller must be used

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2. The NXT controller must be powered either by the NXT rechargeable battery pack or six
(6) AA batteries.
3. No more than three (3) NXT Motors may be used.
4. Non-NXT electrical elements are not allowed, with the exception of RCX sensors.
5. LEGO pneumatic elements are allowed. Teams may not modify LEGO pneumatic
elements to attempt to change the working pressure limits of the elements.
6. Any LEGO Approved NXT sensor (as indicated by the LEGO Mindstorms NXT Certified –
Hardware label)
7. Any NXT compatible sensor from HiTechnic, including the NXT Touch Sensor Multiplexer,
NXT Sensor Multiplexer and the NXT prototype boards (both solderable and solderless)
8. No more than one (1) LEGO Power Function Battery Box may be used. It may be used
only in conjunction with and to power the NXT Sensor Multiplexer(s).
9. LEGO-Approved NXT extension cables. Approved cables are currently only available from
LEGO and HiTechnic.
c. The following additional components may also be used:
1. Polycarbonate plastic sheet (e.g. Lexan), not to exceed 576 sq. inches total area, 24”
maximum dimension, and not greater than 0.10" thick.
2. Kydex plastic sheet, not to exceed 576 sq. inches total area, 24” maximum dimension,
and not greater than 0.040” thick (1 mm).
3. ABS plastic sheet, not to exceed 576 sq. inches total area, 24” maximum dimension, and
not greater than 0.0625” thick.
4. PETG sheet (aka Vivak® Copolyester Sheet) not to exceed 576 sq. inches total area, 24”
maximum dimension, and not greater than 0.080” thick.
5. Polycarbonate glue/cement is allowed, only for the joining of polycarbonate pieces. Use
of polycarbonate glues/cements may or may not be allowed in the pits at tournaments
based on site-specific rules or requirements.
6. Aluminum sheet, not to exceed 576 sq. inches total area, 24” maximum dimension, and
not greater than 0.0625” thick
7. Rope or cord any length, not to exceed 0.125” in diameter
8. Plastic-coated wire rope 0.03125” diameter or smaller. Compatible compression sleeves,
clamps and hardware may also be used only in conjunction with the plastic-coated wire
rope.
9. Non-Slip Pad, not to exceed 576 sq. inches total area, 24” maximum dimension (e.g.
McMaster Carr Part #69275T54 or Home Depot SKU #134555)
10. PVC piping (of any schedule) 3” inside diameter or smaller, not to exceed 36” in total
length
11. Commercial PVC couplings are not allowed.
12. PVC cement and cleaner (only for gluing PVC). Use of PVC cements and cleaners may or
may not be allowed in the pits at tournaments based on site-specific rules or
requirements.
13. Compatible mechanical fasteners (nuts, bolts, screws, etc.)
14. Mechanical fasteners may be secured using Loctite® or a similar thread-locking product. .
15. Rubber bands (size #32 or smaller, i.e. 0.125” thick & 3” in circumference)
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e.
f.

g.
h.

16. Surgical Tubing 0.25" OD or smaller not to exceed 24” total length
17. Electrical tape and/or heat shrink tubing used only for insulation of electrical
connections.
18. Universal Security Clips to hold PWM connections together, such as #2870 found at
http://www.maxxprod.com/mpi/mpi-3.html
19. PWM extension cables. These cables may either be purchased from a vendor or
fabricated by the team.
20. Any material strictly used as a color filter for a Light Sensor.
21. Hook and loop (e.g. Velcro, 3M Dual Lock) fastener may be used. The fastener may not be
used as tape.
22. Non-Metallic Cable ties (also known as Zip Ties) up to 11” in length may be used.
23. The packaging, manual binders, Styrofoam, cardboard, plastic bags, etc. from the TETRIX
and/or LEGO kits are NOT included and CANNOT be used for Robot construction. Only
the TETRIX and LEGO parts themselves are allowed.
For the HiTechnic NXT Prototype Board the following constraints apply:
1. All power used in the circuits connected to the NXT Prototype Board must be derived
from the power connections provided within the board. No batteries or external power
sources are allowed.
2. Circuits may connect only to the named connections provided by the NXT Prototype
Board (i.e. A4-A0, B5-B0, 3V, 4V, 9V, 5V, GND)
3. Communication to the NXT Controller may only occur through the included NXT
connector.
4. Sensors connected via the NXT Prototype Board may be distributed throughout the
Robot, they do not need to be physically attached to the NXT Prototype Board.
5. Additional circuit boards may be connected to the NXT Prototype Board as needed.
6. The processor included in the NXT Prototype Board may not be reprogrammed
7. Circuits included as part of the HiTechnic NXT Prototype Board may not cause
interference with any Robot on the Playing Field, any part of the field management
system or any game element.
8. Only visible light LEDs may be connected to the Prototype Board. These visible LEDs may
only be used as a cueing signal for the team or for decoration. If used, the purpose must
be demonstrated during inspection.
The Robot must be designed to be controlled by no more than two (2) Logitech Gaming
Controllers
Teams may add non-functional decorations from parts not on the above list, provided that these
parts are non-functional, do not affect the outcome of the match, are not hazardous to
themselves or other teams, and are in the spirit of “Gracious Professionalism”.
Vex parts of any type are not allowed.
No additional components may be used.

All parts that are used must be tracked through a Bill of Materials (BOM). This list can be included in
your Engineering Notebook. The BOM should be detailed enough to allow a copy of the Robot to be built
using only the listed parts.

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During inspections if there is a question about whether something is an official TETRIX or LEGO
component, a team will be required to provide documentation to an inspector, which proves the
component’s source. Such types of documentation include receipts, part numbers, or other printed
documentation.
No more than one NXT Controller may be used to control a single Robot during the tournament.
Each team will be required to "name" their NXT with their official FTC Team number expanded to four
digits (e.g. FTC Team #123 would name their NXT "0123"). Should you come to the tournament with a
spare NXT, then you should name that spare with your team number followed by a hyphen then a letter
designation beginning with "B" (e.g. "0123-B", "0123-C").
Should a spare NXT be "loaned" to another team, the receiving team should rename the NXT with their
corresponding team number along with the hyphenated letter designation showing the FCS that it is a
spare.
Parts may NOT be modified as follows:
a. Motors, sensors, controllers, battery packs, and any other electrical components may NOT be
altered from their original state in ANY way.
Motor wires and power wires may be extended by splicing additional lengths of wire:
1. Motor wires are 22 AWG or larger
2. Battery wires are 16 AWG or larger
Welding, soldering (except as listed below), brazing, gluing, melting or attaching in any way that is
not provided within the TETRIX System will NOT be allowed.
Soldering is allowed only:
1. As needed for electrical connections on the HiTechnic NXT Sensor Proto Board
2. As needed for splicing wires (all splices should be insulated with electrical tape or heatshrink tubing)
3. As needed for 12V DC Motor connections. As needed for tinning ends of replacement
power wires
4. Soldering may or may not be allowed in the pits at tournaments based on site-specific
rules and requirements.
Robots must display their team number (numerals only, e.g. “106”).
a. The judges, referees, and announcers must be able to easily identify Robots by team number.
b. Team number must be visible from at least two sides of the Robot (180 degrees apart).
c. The numerals must each be at least three inches high, at least in 0.5” stroke width and in a
contrasting color from their background.
The NXT controller must be accessible by competition personnel including inspectors, referees,
and field control operators.
a. The NXT battery must be easily removed with minimal disassembly of the Robot.

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b. The USB port on the NXT must be easily accessible to allow for rapid registration at the match.
c. The NXT Controller LCD display must be readily visible.
Robots must include a mounting device to securely hold
one FTC Robot Identification Flag throughout an entire match.
a. The flags will be provided at the event
b. The flag tube dimensions are 0.250” OD x 0.200” ID x
8.250” length with a triangular flag 4.000” high x 6.000”
wide.
Robot TETRIX power switch must be mounted/positioned
to be readily visible to competition personnel. The power switch
must be installed according to the TETRIX system documentation
(i.e. between the battery and the first HiTechnic DC Motor or
Servo Controller)
Programming for FIRST Tech Challenges must be done with
an approved programming language, using FTC Competition
Templates. Approved programming languages are:
a. NXT-G
b. ROBOTC
c. LabVIEW
Templates for all three programming choices are available at http://www.ftctraining.com
Energy used by FIRST Tech Challenge Robots, (i.e., stored at the start of a MATCH), shall come only
from the following sources:
a. Electrical energy derived from the onboard 12V battery, LEGO Power Function Battery Box, or the
NXT batteries.
b. Compressed air stored in the LEGO pneumatic system.
c. A change in the position of the Robot center of gravity.
d. Storage achieved by deformation of Robot parts. Teams must be very careful when incorporating
surgical tubing or other items to store energy on their Robot by means of part or material
deformation. A Robot may be rejected at inspection if, in the judgment of the inspector, such
items are unsafe.
Game elements launched by Robots should not be launched with velocity greater than that
required to reach a maximum of four (4) feet above the Playing Field surface, nor travel a horizontal
distance greater than ten (10) feet.
Teams must provide their own computer for running the Field Control System software for each
match. The FCS version should be latest version that is available from the FTC website before the
tournament. Teams must demonstrate that their Robot switches between Autonomous mode and TeleOp mode correctly using their version of the FCS.
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4.3 – PROGRAMMING GUIDELINES

Teams will have access to www.ftctraining.com as a resource to learn how to program with NXT-G, LabVIEW,
or ROBOTC. The bulletin boards at the site will be managed daily by Robotics Academy staff. Information on
the most current versions of the programming software can be found at
www.usfirst.org/roboticsprograms/ftc/content.aspx?6650
NOTE TO TEAMS:
For NXT-G or LabVIEW:
You MUST download the most current version (1.28) of the NXT device firmware to your NXT device in order
to compete in the FIRST Tech Challenge (FTC) competition.
The field control system (FCS) at the FTC competition cannot communicate with your Robot unless you use
the most current version of the firmware on the NXT device. The FTC software provides the correct version of
this firmware.
Refer to the FIRST Tech Challenge Software Installation Instructions printed document, available as part of
the FTC kit, for information about installing the FTC software.
Refer to Chapter 4, Controlling the Robot with the FTC Controller Station, of the Getting Started with the
FIRST Tech Challenge Software manual for information about downloading the firmware from either LabVIEW
or LEGO® MINDSTORMS® to the NXT device. Access the Getting Started with the FIRST Tech Challenge
Software manual by navigating to the National Instruments\LabVIEW 8.5\manuals directory or the LEGO
Software\LEGO MINDSTORMS Edu NXT directory and opening FTC_Getting_Started.pdf.

For ROBOTC:
The field management system at the FTC competition cannot communicate with your Robot unless you use
ROBOTC firmware version 8.00 or higher on the NXT device. Version 2.X is the official release for this season,
however teams may use v1.46 (or later) version. Version 1.93 (or later) of ROBOTC provides the correct
version of this firmware.
Users of ROBOTC can refer to the instruction on the CD packaging for help on installing ROBOTC, or to the
built-in help documentation in ROBOTC under "Help - Getting Started - Downloading Firmware (NXT)" for a
step by step guide on how to download the latest firmware.

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SECTION 5 – ENGINEERING NOTEBOOKS
5.1 – OVERVIEW

This section describes the requirements for creating the Engineering Notebook, including formatting
guidelines, Judge’s tips, and the use of various forms of engineering support. It also provides sample pages
from an award winning FIRST Tech Challenge Engineering Notebook.
5.2 – WHAT IS AN ENGINEERING NOTEBOOK?

One of the goals of FIRST and the FIRST Tech Challenge is to recognize the engineering design process and
“the journey” that a team makes during the phases of the problem definition, concept design, system-level
design, detailed design, test and verification, and production.
Throughout the building of your Robot you will come across some obstacles, lessons learned, and the need to
draw things out on paper. This is where you and your team will use an engineering notebook. These
notebooks will follow your team from kickoff throughout the competitions. Judges will review your
Engineering Notebook to better understand your journey, design, and team.
Note: Refer to the judging criteria section of Section 7: Awards & Judging Criteria for more details on how
your Engineering Notebook will be judged.
5.3 – THE NOTEBOOK

Electronic/Online: Teams may choose to use electronic or online programs to create their Engineering
Notebook. For the purposes of judging, teams must print out their Engineering Notebooks and place them in
a binder, no larger than 1”. All pages must be numbered and in order. Only one copy is required per team.
Online videos or demonstrations cannot be considered this year.
Written: Laboratory or documentation notebooks are available through your school or local stationary
supply store. There are many different types to choose from, using the following criteria:
1. Use a notebook with a stitched binding.
2. Do not use a loose leaf or spiral bound notebook.
3. Numbered pages are recommended (but not necessary) so that pages cannot be substituted or
deleted.
4. Only one Engineering Notebook will be required per team.
5.4 – GUIDELINES/FORMAT

The FIRST Tech Challenge Engineering Notebook is a complete documentation of your team’s Robot design.
This documentation should include sketches, discussions and team meetings, design evolution, processes, the
“Aha’s!”, obstacles, and each team member’s thoughts throughout the journey for the entire season. A new
notebook should be created for each new season. So here are the guidelines:

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1. Document EVERYTHING!!
2. Engineering Notebooks should be organized enough to have an outsider understand your team and
your journey.
3. Written entries should be in Permanent Ink – Not Pencil.
4. Start your notebook by introducing each team member and mentor with a brief biography of their
name, age (or school year), interests, and reasons for joining your FIRST Tech Challenge team.
Tip: Pictures along with the bios would serve as a great visual for the judges to get to know
each member of your team.
5. Start a fresh page at every meeting. Your team number, date, and start/stop times should be
recorded when starting a new page. Each day should start with two columns:
6. Task Column – What your team is doing and discovering?
7. Reflections Column – Where your team records thoughts on what is happening and any questions
that need to be answered.
8. Entries should be made by every team member, initialed, and dated.
9. All designs and changes to your Robot should be recorded directly into your notebook. The inclusion
of all elaborate details and sketches are preferable. Notes and calculations should be done in your
notebook, NOT on loose paper.
Tip: A judging panel is always interested to see a unique design or playing strategy. On the
other hand, a design without the substance to support its reasoning will not be viewed as
highly.
In the case of an error, draw a single line through the incorrect data. Do NOT erase or use correction
fluid. All corrections should be initialed and dated.
Use both sides of a page. Never leave any white space: “X” out or Crosshatch all unused space, and don’t
forget to initial and date.
To insert pictures or outside information into your notebook, tape the picture into your notebook and
outline with permanent ink, to note that it was there in case it falls out. Put the corresponding page
number on that inserted page.
Tip: Pictures or sketches of your Robot designs are recommended as part of a thorough
documentation.
Insert your Robot’s Bill of Materials (BOM) as part of your Engineering Notebook as required by rules
elsewhere in this manual.
The Engineering Notebook is also a good place to discuss and show team activities that are done
throughout the team’s season. These activities can be placed in a separate section of the Engineering
Notebook or chronologically within the design pages.
Don’t forget to put your team number in your Engineering Notebook and on your cover, so we know who
to return it to after the judges have seen it!

5.5 – JUDGE’S TIPS
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1. Every notebook is a work in progress, forever changing and developing. Judges do not want to see a
“final” copy notebook; they want the real thing complete with misspellings, stains, worn edges and
wrinkled pages. Just remember to keep it real!
2. When turning notebooks into the judges at your event, place sticky tabs at the top of the page on
your top 6-12 best moments as a team. Judges will use these pages as their preliminary review of
your notebook.
3. Don’t be afraid to customize your Engineering Notebook to reflect your team’s personality! At the
end of the season, this notebook will be a great piece of memorabilia for your team.
5.6 – VIRTUAL HELP

It is in the spirit of FIRST to bring the technical knowledge of an engineer to high school students to broaden
their awareness and knowledge of the engineering world. Please ask any questions you have about the
Engineering Notebook in the Official FTC Q&A system.
5.7 – NOTEBOOK EXAMPL ES

Scanned copies of award-winning Engineering Notebook examples are posted on the FIRST Tech Challenge
website. It is strongly encouraged for teams to look over these as great examples of what the judges will be
looking for when reading through your Engineering Notebooks.

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SECTION 6 – FIELD CONTROL SYSTEM
6.1 – OVERVIEW

This section provides a general summary regarding the Field Control System (FCS) and how to use it for
practicing with your Robot and for the competitions. Each team will be required to provide a computer at the
event to run the FCS for their Robot.
The FCS is the software program that will be loaded on each team’s computer for the purpose of running
autonomous and Driver control modes both in competition and individually by teams to test their Robots and
programming. This program is a very important part of the competition and members of the team need to
understand how the program is used throughout the build season and during the events.
6.2 – THE FIELD CONTROL SYSTEM (FCS)

Matches at all tournaments will be run using the Field Control System (FCS) running directly on each teams’
own computer. Teams will bring to the Playing Field their own computer running the FCS, Logitech Dual
Action game controllers, Bluetooth dongle and USB A-B cable. The main advantages for teams controlling
their own Robots are improved cycle times between matches and the near elimination of match re-plays
caused by a shared FCS.
It is recommended that teams use the ABE22 Bluetooth dongle that is supplied with the kit, as it has been
thoroughly tested and vetted with the FCS. Teams will establish the Bluetooth connection between their
Robot and their FCS while waiting in the queuing area before the match. Robots will arrive at the Playing
Field ready to start their match. Match cycle times will improve because the delay for all four Robots to
connect, one at a time, to the shared FCS is eliminated.
Match re-plays will be significantly reduced because teams will have total control over their Robot,
eliminating match re-plays caused by a failure of a shared FCS.
For detailed instruction on the use and operation of the FCS, please refer to the FCS Manual provided on the
programming tab of the FTC website: www.usfirst.org/ftc

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SECTION 7 – JUDGING & AWARDS CRITERIA
7.1 – OVERVIEW

This chapter provides a complete description of all of the FIRST Tech Challenge Awards; the judging process,
criteria and philosophy that teams will need to be aware of in preparation for participating at a FIRST Tech
Challenge Tournament.
In addition to winning points during the regional competition, the awards represent another positive way for
mentors to instill important values like teamwork, creativity, innovation, and the value of the engineering
design processes. These judging guidelines are a part of the road map to success.
7.2 – FIRST TECH CHALLENGE AWARDS ELIGIBILITY

To ensure fairness to all teams and to provide equal opportunity for all teams to win an award at a FIRST Tech
Challenge Championship Tournament, teams are only eligible to win an award at the first three
Championship Tournaments that they attend. Those teams who compete in more than three Championship
Tournaments do so for the purpose of being involved in the fun and excitement of the tournament and not
with the intention of winning multiple awards.
Teams have spent several weeks designing, building, programming their Robot, and learning what it takes to
be a part of a team. For many FTC teams, the event is the reward for all their hard work throughout the
season. While there are several types of events, they all offer a fun and exciting way for teams to
demonstrate the result of their efforts.
7.2.1 - L OCAL E VENTS
Anyone can host a local event, also known as a scrimmage, to prepare for a Championship or Qualifier, or as
an alternative to attending other events. If you choose to create and host a local event, you will be
responsible for finding a location, organizing the format for the day, and inviting other teams to participate.
7.2.2 - Q UALIFIERS
Hosted and managed by FTC Affiliate Partners or Partner-appointed hosts. Qualifiers, sometimes called
Regionals, follow the same judging guidelines and format of Championship tournaments, but with a bit more
flexibility. Qualifiers are usually held prior to Championship tournaments in regions where there are a
plethora of FTC teams. The FTC Affiliate Partner will help determine the advancement criteria as to which
teams move on to the Championship Tournament based on their performance at a Qualifier. The number of
teams advancing to the state championship depends on the capacity of the state championship, the number
of qualifying competitions and the number of teams attending the qualifying competition. Generally, the
winner of the Inspire Award and the Winning Alliance will advance.
7.2.3 - C HAMPIONSHIP T OURNAMENTS

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Hosted and managed by an FTC Affiliate Partner, Championship tournaments abide by certain standards in
format, judging, awards, and overall quality. Some Championship tournaments require that teams win at a
qualifying or regional tournament in order to advance to the Championship. Championships may include
teams from a geographic region, province, state, country, or several countries. In past seasons, the winner of
the Inspire Award and the Captain of the Winning Alliance at each Championship event received an
automatic invitation to the FTC World Championship Event. Advance eligibility for the World Championship
will be announced soon after this season’s kickoff.
7.3 – FIRST TECH CHALLENGE AWARD CATEGORIES

7.3.1 – FIRST T ECH C HALLENGE I NSPIRE A WARD
This formally judged award is given to the team that truly embodied the ‘challenge’ of the FTC program. The
team that receives this award is chosen by the judges as having best represented a ‘role model’ FIRST Tech
Challenge Team. This team is a top contender for all other judging categories and is a strong competitor on
the field. The Inspire Award Winner is an inspiration to other teams, acting with gracious professionalism
both on and off the Playing Field. This team understands how to communicate their experiences and
knowledge to other teams, sponsors, and the judges.
In past seasons, the winner of the Inspire Award at each Championship event received an automatic
invitation to the FTC World Championship Event.
Guidelines for the Inspire Award
Team must demonstrate respect and Gracious Professionalism both for team members and fellow teams
Engineering Notebook must be submitted, and must impress the judges
Team must work beyond their Robot to help spread awareness of the team within the community
Team displays good communication and teamwork skills within the team as well as with their alliances
Team communicates clearly about their Robot design to the judges
Team presents themselves well in the judges interview
Robot effectively competes in the game challenge and impresses the judges
Team and Robot consistently performs well during matches
Team is a strong contender for all other judged awards
7.3.2 – R OCKWELL C OLLINS I NNOVATE A WARD
The Rockwell Collins Innovate Award celebrates a team that not only thinks outside the box, but also has the
ingenuity and inventiveness to make their designs come to life. This judged award is given to the team that
has the most innovative and creative Robot design solution to any or all specific field elements or
components in the FIRST Tech Challenge game. Elements of this award include elegant design, robustness,
and ‘out of the box’ thinking related to design. This award may address the design of the whole Robot, or of
a sub-assembly attached to the Robot. The creative component must work consistently, but a Robot does
not have to work all the time during matches to be considered for this award. The team’s Engineering
Notebook should be marked with journal entries to show the design of the component(s) and the team’s
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Robot in order to be eligible for this award, and entries should describe succinctly how the team arrived at
that solution.
Guidelines for the Innovate Award
Robot or Robot sub-assembly must be elegant and unique in its design
Creative component must work reliably
Team must submit an Engineering Notebook
Robot is stable, robust and controllable
Robot design is efficient and consistent with team plan and strategy

7.3.3 – FIRST T ECH C HALLENGE PTC D ESIGN A WARD
This judged award recognizes design elements of the Robot that are both functional and aesthetic. All
successful Robots have innovative design aspects; however, the PTC Design Award is presented to teams that
incorporate industrial design elements into their solution. These design elements could simplify the Robot’s
appearance by giving it a clean look, be decorative in nature, or otherwise express the creativity of the team.
The winning design should not compromise the practical operation of the Robots but compliment its purpose.
This award is sponsored by Parametric Technology Corporation (PTC), developers of the CAD tools,
Pro/ENGINEER and Mathcad. PTC gives licenses to the FTC student teams for these software products to help
them with their designs.
Guidelines for the Design Award
Team must submit an Engineering Notebook with detailed Robot design drawings
Robot differentiates itself from others
Design is both aesthetic and functional
Well thought out basis for the design (why i.e. inspiration, function, etc.)
7.3.4 – FIRST T ECH C HALLENGE C ONNECT A WARD
This judged award is given to the team that most connected with their local community and the engineering
community. A true FIRST team is more than a sum of its parts, and recognizes that their schools and
communities play an essential part to their success. The recipient of this award is recognized for helping the
community understand FIRST, the FIRST Tech Challenge, and the team itself. The team that wins this award is
aggressively seeking engineers and exploring the opportunities available in the world of engineering, science
and technology. In addition, this team has a clear fundraising goal and plan to achieve that goal.
Guidelines for the Connect Award
Team provides clear examples of outreach to community
Team has worked to develop an in-person or a virtual connection with the engineering, science or
technology community
Team has a business plan or other way of determining their fundraising needs and a plan to achieve their
fundraising goal
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Team has a plan to give back to their community
7.3.5 – FIRST T ECH C HALLENGE M OTIVATE A WARD
This judged award celebrates the team that exemplifies the essence of the FIRST Tech Challenge competition
through team spirit and enthusiasm. They show their spirit through costumes and fun outfits, a team cheer
or outstanding spirit. This team has also made a collective effort to make FIRST known throughout their
school and community.
Guidelines for the Motivate Award
Team spirit is consistent throughout the team and the competition.
Team is enthusiastic
The team functions well as a team
Team enthusiasm is evident in their community outreach
7.3.6 – FIRST T ECH C HALLENGE T HINK A WARD
This judged award is given to the team that best reflects the “journey” the team took as they experienced the
engineering design process during the build season. The Engineering Notebook is the key reference for
judges to help identify the most deserving team. The team’s Engineering Notebook should focus on the
design and build stage of the team’s Robot. Journal entries of interest to judges for this award will include
those describing the steps, brainstorms, designs, re-designs, successes, and those ‘interesting moments’
when things weren’t going as planned. A team will not be a candidate for this award if they have not
completed the section of the Engineering Notebook describing the team’s experience.
Guidelines for the Think Award
Team must submit an Engineering Notebook
Engineering Notebook must demonstrate that the team has a clear understanding of the engineering
design process, with pictures or drawings and details documenting all stages of Robot design
Engineering Notebook must be organized and follow the formatting guidelines provided by FIRST
Collaboration and co-ownership are dominant themes in the Engineering Notebook or in the judges
interview
Note: Teams should review Chapter 5: Engineering Notebooks for a complete description and format
specifications.
7.3.7 – FIRST T ECH C HALLENGE W INNING A LLIANCE A WARD
This award will be given to the winning alliance represented in the final match.
7.3.8 – FIRST T ECH C HALLENGE F INALIST A LLIANCE A WARD
This award will be given to the finalist alliance represented in the final match.

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7.4 – JUDGING PROCESS, SCHEDULE, AND TEA M PREPARATION

The schedules at the FIRST Tech Challenge tournaments may vary from site to site. Exact times for both the
matches and meeting with judges cannot be given within this manual. All teams will either receive this
schedule prior to or during check-in at the competition.
7.4.1 – J UDGING P ROCESS
At the FIRST Tech Challenge Championship Tournament events, there will be three parts to the judging
process: 1) interview with judges, 2) evaluation of performance, and 3) evaluation of the Engineering
Notebook. Each team will have a “fact finding” discussion/interview with a panel of two or three judges. No
awards will be determined on the basis of this interview alone. Judges will use the guidelines provided in this
chapter to assess each team.
Teams should present their Engineering Notebooks at the Pit Administration Table during check-in but may
be directed otherwise by the tournament officials. The Engineering Notebooks will be provided to the judges
prior to the team interviews.
After the judges review the submitted Engineering Notebooks, complete the initial team interviews and
evaluate the team and Robot performances during matches, they will convene to review their assessments
and create a list of top candidates for the various judged awards. Judges may require additional impromptu
discussions with teams if necessary. Deliberations are usually completed during the Elimination Matches.
When the judges have finished their deliberations, the Engineering Notebooks will be returned to teams.
Teams are asked to bring their Robot to the judge interview. This is the best chance for teams to explain and
demonstrate their Robot design to the judges in a quiet and relaxed environment.
7.4.2 – J UDGING S CHEDULE
The judging generally will take place in a separate area(s) away from the noise of the competition and pit.
Teams will follow the schedule that outlines team interview times and locations. In some cases, teams may
receive this information in advance, but more often, teams will receive this information when they check-in
on the morning of the event.
Upon arrival please familiarize yourself with where the judging will occur and budget enough time to get
there. To keep this process on time throughout the event, we require that all teams arrive at an adjacent
queuing area five minutes before their scheduled interview.
7.4.3 – T EAM P REPARATION
Teams are encouraged to use the award guidelines to self assess where they are within an award category
and help them establish higher goals. These guidelines will be the same ones used by the judges during each
FIRST Tech Challenge event, and at the FIRST Tech Challenge World Championship.

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Remember, this is the team’s opportunity to highlight how they rallied as a team around the Robot; the
technical knowledge they gained along the way; and how this experience has affected the members and
mentors individually and as a team. Judges will want to hear from team member representatives and
mentors. Since there are several awards with different criteria, teams may want to consider appointing
different team members to speak with judges on the specific topics.
The mentors’ contribution during the judging process will be kept to a minimum, however, the judges will like
to know the highlights about the team; its history and make up; what the team achieved during the
competition season; and the experiences that were gained. Team representatives’ abilities to answer the
questions or elaborate on Robot design functions or attributes with minimum direct assistance from the
mentors will be evaluated during the team interview.
7.5 – FIRST TECH CHALLENGE CHAMPIONSHIP EVENT ELIGIBILITY

The culmination of the FIRST event season is the FIRST World Championship Event held at the Georgia Dome
in Atlanta, GA. This event represents the conclusion of the season for FIRST LEGO League (FLL), the FIRST
Tech Challenge (FTC), and the FIRST Robotics Competition (FRC). This is a fun and exciting experience for
teams in all programs to participate.
For this season, FIRST Tech Challenge teams will need to earn their way to the FIRST World Championship.
Eligibility is earned by your performance on and off the field. The criteria for eligibility to the event will be
announced later in the season. Teams will still be responsible for their own entry fees, lodging, and travel
costs to the FIRST World Championship.

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SECTION 8 – TEAM RESOURCES
8.1 – OVERVIEW

This chapter provides teams with necessary information for contacting FIRST Tech Challenge staff, accessing
technical support, using the FTC Q&A system, and using the FIRST and FIRST Tech Challenge logos.
8.2 – FIRST CONTACT INFORMATION

You can reach the FIRST Tech Challenge staff by phone at (603) 666-3906 or e-mail at FTCteams@usfirst.org.
The office is open Monday through Friday from 9:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m., EST. Be sure to provide your team
number in your message and leave contact information. Refer to the information below for the appropriate
resource.
8.3 – GETTING ANSWERS TO YOUR QUESTIONS

For general information and questions regarding the FIRST Tech Challenge, please send an e-mail request to
FTCteams@usfirst.org.
For questions regarding the FIRST Tech Challenge Hot Shot! game, please have your team leader log into the
TIMS (Team Information Management System) to see your FTC team forum login under the ‘What’s New’
information once your team has registered and paid with the FIRST Tech Challenge.
** Please note that accounts are updated weekly by our IT Department. If you have trouble accessing the
forums, please feel free to contact FIRST at the information above.**
The free forum account needs to be registered and activated in order to ask official game questions. The FTC
Interactive Manual and Game Q&A are accessed directly at http://forums.usfirst.org/forumdisplay.php?f=26
or by browsing to forums.usfirst.org and following the “FIRST Tech Challenge” link found under the “FIRST
Programs” heading. Please do not use the FRC Game Q&A for FTC Questions.
For detailed information on the FIRST Tech Challenge program, robot kit and accessories, Playing Field, etc.,
visit the following websites:
Website

Description

www.usfirst.org/roboticsprorams/ftc/default.aspx

FTC information, FAQs, and team resources

http://forums.usfirst.org/forumdisplay.php?f=26

FTC Game Q&A

www.ftctraining.com

NXT-G, LabVIEW and ROBOTC tutorials

8.4 – TECHNICAL SUPPORT

It is in the spirit of FIRST to bring the technical knowledge of an engineer to high school students to broaden
their awareness and knowledge of the engineering world. There are many online resources to find help with
the TETRIX™ Robotics Design System as well as many examples of the versatility of the kit. Should you have
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questions or need technical help or information about TETRIX or the software, please refer to
www.ftctraining.com.
8.5 – TEAM DEVELOPMENT SUPPORT

In addition to the staff at FIRST Headquarters, an additional regional level of support is available through the
FIRST Tech Challenge Affiliate Partners, FIRST Regional Directors, FIRST Senior Mentors, and VISTA
Volunteers. The FTC Affiliate Partners coordinate all FTC activities within a state, province, or region, and
should be your foremost resource for help with the program. To find an Affiliate Partner, Regional Director,
Senior Mentor, or VISTA volunteer available in your area, please contact FIRST at FTCteams@usfirst.org.
8.6 – USING THE FIRST, FTC, AND GAME LOGOS

We encourage teams to develop and promote team identity. It is a great way to help FIRST judges,
announcers, and audiences recognize your team at the competition, and it is also a way to help you create a
“buzz” about your team in your community.
You have incredibly creative opportunities in terms of designing your own identity. There are many examples
of how teams “brand” their efforts with websites, incredible team logos on Robots, t-shirts, hats, banners,
fliers, and giveaways.
You can download the FIRST and FTC logos and Logo Standards information from the FIRST Tech Challenge
web site at http://www.usfirst.org/roboticsprograms/resourcecenter.aspx?id=746. Keep in mind the
following when working with the FIRST and FTC logos:
Positive Promotion: Use the FIRST and FTC logos in a manner that is positive and promotes FIRST.
Unmodified: Use the FIRST and FTC logos without modification. This means that you will use our name and
the circle, square, and triangle as you see it on our website or letterhead. You can use it in red, blue, and
white, or in black and white.
Modification Permission: If you have an interest in modifying the FIRST and FTC logos, you must first contact
FIRST. Please submit a written request letting us know why you want to modify the logo, how you plan to do
it, and where you plan to apply it. Send an e-mail request to the FIRST Marketing Department,
marketing@usfirst.org.
Advertising Use Approval: All teams and sponsors must obtain approval from FIRST prior to incorporating
our logo in any advertising. Send an e-mail request for advertising approval to marketing@usfirst.org.

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SECTION 9 – ROBOT INSPECTION
9.1 – OVERVIEW

This section describes Robot Inspection for the FIRST Tech Challenge 2009-2010 competition, Hot Shot! It
also lists the inspection definitions and inspection rules.
9.2 – DESCRIPTION

The FTC Robot will be required to pass hardware and software inspections before being cleared to compete.
These inspections will ensure that all FTC Robot rules and regulations are met. Initial inspections will take
place during team registration/practice time. A copy of the official FTC “Robot Inspection Sheet” is located in
this section. The “Robot Inspection Sheet” should be used by the teams as a guide to pre-inspect the Robot
prior to arriving at the event.
9.3 – DEFINITIONS

Robot – An operator controlled and/or autonomous programmed vehicle designed and built by a FIRST
Tech Challenge team to perform specific tasks while competing in this year’s competition. The Robot
may only be constructed from materials and components outlined in Section 4.2.
Robot Initialization Routine – A set of programming instructions inserted immediately prior to the match
control loop of the Autonomous Mode program that serves to ready the Robot for a match.
Robot Sizing Box – A sturdily constructed cube with the interior dimensions; 18 inch (45.72cm) by 18 inch
(45.72cm) by 18 inch (45.72cm) that has one open side with an interior opening size of 18 inch (45.72cm)
by 18 inch (45.72cm). The Sizing Box is used for Robot Inspection as outlined in Section 9.4.
9.4 – INSPECTION RULES

FTC teams must submit their Robot for inspection prior to participating in practice rounds. At the
discretion of the FTC Lead Inspector, the Robot may be allowed to participate in practice rounds before
passing inspection.
The team’s Robot must pass all inspections before being allowed to compete in Qualification
Rounds. Noncompliance with any Robot design, construction rule, or programming requirements may
result in disqualification of the Robot at a FTC event.
The FTC Official Team Number must be displayed on the Robot prior to inspection as defined in
Section 4.2 .
Robot construction is constrained by the number of Official FTC Competition components a team
may use as defined in Section 4.2. There is not a specified FTC Robot weight constraint.

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The maximum size of the Robot for starting a Qualifying or Elimination Match is 18 inches (45.72cm)
wide by 18 inches (45.72cm) long by 18 inches (45.72cm) high. The Robot Sizing Box will be used as the
official gauge in determining conformance to this rule as follows:
The Robot must be self-supporting while in the Robot Sizing Box either:
a. by mechanical means with the Robot in a power-OFF condition
b. by a Robot Initialization Routine in the Autonomous mode program that may pre-position the
servo motors, with the Robot in a power-ON condition, to the desired position by means of a
single instruction to the HiTechnic Servo controller for each servo motor effected. If the Robot
Initialization Routine does move the servos prior to the official start of the match, there must be
an indicator on the Robot of this fact. A warning label such as the following will suffice:

All Robots placed on the field will maintain the size constraints outlined in until the beginning
of match play.
When an FTC team makes a modification to improve performance or reliability of their Robot, the
team may request a re-inspection of their Robot by an FTC Inspector.
It is the FTC Inspectors responsibility to evaluate Robots to insure each Robot has been designed to
operate and function safely. Section 2.4.3 and Section 4 specify the safety rules and limitations that
apply to the design and construction of all Robots.
Robot inspection is a Pass / Fail process. A Robot has passed inspection when ALL requirements
listed on the official FTC “Robot Inspection Sheet” have been successfully met and recorded as passed by
an FTC Inspector.

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COMPETITION INSPECTI ON CHECKLIST
Team Number:
Time of Inspection: _______________
Inspection Type:

____ Initial

Pass/Fail:
____ Mandated

____Random

Size Inspection
Robot fits within the Sizing Box (18" x 18" x 18") without exerting force on box sides or top

R4a

Beginning at 10” above the tile surface, Robot may not extend more than 10” horizontally.

R4b

Overall Inspection
Team Number is visible from 2 sides, is written in 3" tall, 1/2" stroke on a contrasting background

R10

Robot does NOT contain any components which will be intentionally detached on the playing field

R3/G7

Robot does NOT contain any components that could damage the playing field or other robots

Robot does NOT contain any sharp edges or corners

Robot poses NO obvious unnecessary risk of entanglement

NXT battery can be easily removed without disassembly

R11a

USB port is easily accessible for rapid registration

R11b

NXT Controller LCD display is readily visible

R11c

Robot Flag Holder is present and adequately holds the flag during normal robot operation

R12

TETRIX Power Switch is positioned to be readily visible to competition personnel and installed properly

R13

ALL Decorating Components on the Robot NOT meeting FTC Inspection Criteria are NON FUNCTIONAL

R5f

Game elements launched by Robots do not reach a maximum of four (4) feet above the field surface, nor travel a
horizontal distance greater than ten (10) feet

R16

Parts Inspection - Official TETRIX and LEGO Components
ALL Robot components are OFFICIAL TETRIX or LEGO Products

FTC Robot does not utilize any of the Packaging materials

R5c

Robot has only (1) NXT controller

R5b

Robot uses maximum of three (3) NXT Motors

R5b

Robot uses maximum of eight (8) 12V DC drive motors

R5a

Robot uses a maximum of twelve (12) servos (Hi Tec, HS-475HB)

R5a

Robot uses a maximum of four (4) HiTechnic DC Motor or Servo Controllers (in any combination)

R5a

Robot uses one (1) official NXT rechargeable battery pack or six (6) AA batteries (not both)

R5b

Robot uses one (1) official FTC 12 V DC NiMH battery

R5a

Additional Parts Inspection
Robot contains no more than 24"x24"x0.10" thick polycarbonate

R5c

Robot contains no more than 24"x24"x0.0625" thick aluminum

R5c

Robot contains no more than 24"x24"x0.040" thick Kydex

R5c

Robot contains no more than 24"x24"x0.0625" thick ABS plastic

R5c

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Robot contains no more than 24"x24" of Non-Slip Pad

R5c

Robot contains rope or cord not thicker than 0.125” diameter

R5c

Robot contains plastic coated wire rope not thicker than 0.03125” diameter

R5c

Robot contains no more than 36” length of PVC piping not thicker than 3” inside diameter

R5c

Robot contains any number of rubber bands not larger than #32 (0.125” thick & 3” in circumference)

R5c

Robot contains no more than 24” length of surgical tubing 0.25" outside diameter or smaller

R5c

Robot contains electrical tape or heat shrink tubing only if used as electrical insulation

R5c

Robot contains any number of cable ties not to exceed 11” in length

R5c

LEDs (if used) must be visible light and only used as a signaling device or for decoration

R5c

Robot contains no more than 24"x24"x 0.080" thick PETG

R5c

Construction Inspection
NO electrical components have been modified from their original state except the HiTechnic Prototype Board

NO method of attachment NOT provided by the Tetrix except as specified as allowable per rule R5 and R9 (i.e. PVC
cement on PVC, etc.)

R5/R9

If thread locker is used, it is used for securing screws & fasteners ONLY

R5c

Software Functionality Check
Robot has passed Software Inspection

R14

Robot has the correct name based on the team’s FTC number

If Robot uses an Initialization Routine to move servos prior to start of match, a warning sticker is in plain sight on
the robot.

Team is using the latest published version of the Field Control System (FCS) on their own computer

R17

Team has demonstrated that they are using the correct version of the programming template

R14

Reason for Failure (if any):

I hereby state that all of the above is true, and to the best of my knowledge all rules and regulations of the 2009-2010
FIRST Tech Challenge have been abided by.

___________________________

________________________________

Inspector

Team Student Representative

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