NAVAIR 00 80T 104 LSO NATOPS Manual

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NAVAIR 00-80T-104

THE LANDING
SIGNAL OFFICER

THE LSO
WORKSTATION

NATOPS
LANDING SIGNAL OFFICER
MANUAL

NORMAL
PROCEDURES

EMERGENCY
PROCEDURES

EXTREME WEATHER
CONDITION OPERATIONS

THIS PUBLICATION SUPERSEDES NAVAIR 00-80T-104
DATED 1 NOVEMBER 1997 AND CHANGED 15 AUGUST 1998.

COMMUNICATIONS

NATOPS EVAL, PILOT
PERFORMANCE RECS,
A/C MISHAP STATEMENTS

DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT C — Distribution authorized to U.S. Government
Agencies and their contractors to protect publications required for official use or for
administrative or operational purposes only determined on 1 May 1992. Other
requests for this document shall be referred to Commanding Officer, Naval Air
Technical Data and Engineering Service Command, Naval Air Station, North Island,
P.O. Box 357031, Building 90, Distribution, San Diego, CA 92135–7031.
DESTRUCTION NOTICE — For unclassified, limited documents, destroy by any
method that will prevent disclosure of contents or reconstruction of the document.

ISSUED BY AUTHORITY OF THE CHIEF OF NAVAL OPERATIONS AND
UNDER THE DIRECTION OF THE COMMANDER,
NAVAL AIR SYSTEMS COMMAND.

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15 DECEMBER 2001

INDEX

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NAVAIR 00-80T-104

15 December 2001

LETTER OF PROMULGATION
1. The Naval Air Training and Operating Procedures Standardization (NATOPS) Program is a positive approach toward improving combat readiness and achieving a substantial reduction in the
aircraft mishap rate. Standardization, based on professional knowledge and experience, provides
the basis for development of an efficient and sound operational procedure. The standardization
program is not planned to stifle individual initiative, but rather to aid the commanding officer in
increasing the unit’s combat potential without reducing command prestige or responsibility.
2. This manual standardizes ground and flight procedures but does not include tactical doctrine.
Compliance with the stipulated manual requirements and procedures is mandatory except as
authorized herein. In order to remain effective, NATOPS must be dynamic and stimulate rather
than suppress individual thinking. Since aviation is a continuing, progressive profession, it is
both desirable and necessary that new ideas and new techniques be expeditiously evaluated and
incorporated if proven to be sound. To this end, commanding officers of aviation units are authorized to modify procedures contained herein, in accordance with the waiver provisions established by OPNAVINST 3710.7, for the purpose of assessing new ideas prior to initiating recommendations for permanent changes. This manual is prepared and kept current by the users in order
to achieve maximum readiness and safety in the most efficient and economical manner. Should
conflict exist between the training and operating procedures found in this manual and those found
in other publications, this manual will govern.
3. Checklists and other pertinent extracts from this publication necessary to normal operations and
training should be made and carried for use in naval aircraft.

M.J. McCABE
Rear Admiral, U.S. Navy
Director, Air Warfare

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INTERIM CHANGE SUMMARY

The following Interim Changes have been cancelled or previously incorporated into this manual.
INTERIM
CHANGE
NUMBER(S)
1 thru 10

REMARKS/PURPOSE
Previously incorporated.

The following Interim Changes have been incorporated into this Change/Revision.
INTERIM
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NUMBER(S)

REMARKS/PURPOSE

Interim Changes Outstanding — To be maintained by the custodian of this manual.
INTERIM
CHANGE
NUMBER

ORIGINATOR/DATE
(or DATE/TIME GROUP)

PAGES
AFFECTED

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SUMMARY OF APPLICABLE TECHNICAL DIRECTIVES
Information relating to the following recent technical directives has been incorporated into this manual.
CHANGE
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DESCRIPTION

DATE INC.
IN MANUAL

VISUAL IDENTIFICATION

Information relating to the following applicable technical directives will be incorporated in a future change.
CHANGE
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VISUAL IDENTIFICATION

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RECORD OF CHANGES
Change No. and
Date of Change

Date of
Entry

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NAVAIR 00-80T-104

NATOPS Landing Signal Officer Manual
CONTENTS
Page
No.

PART I — THE LANDING SIGNAL OFFICER
CHAPTER 1 — INTRODUCTION
1.1

GENERAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1

1.2

ROLE OF LANDING SIGNAL OFFICER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1

1.3
1.3.1
1.3.2
1.3.3
1.3.4
1.3.5

COMMAND RELATIONSHIPS AND RESPONSIBILITIES
OF THE LANDING SIGNAL OFFICER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Type Commander . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
LSO Training Model Manager . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ship/Air Wing Commanding Officer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Air Wing Commander . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Squadron Commanding Officer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1-1
1-1
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2

1.4
1.4.1
1.4.2
1.4.3

LSO DESIGNATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
LSO Designation Category . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
LSO Trainee Nomination Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Upgrading Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1-3
1-3
1-3
1-3

1.5

LSO SENIORITY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3

1.6

ASSIGNMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4

1.7

FLIGHT DECK HAZARDOUS DUTY INCENTIVE PAY (FDHIDP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4

CHAPTER 2 — INDOCTRINATION
2.1

SELECTION OF LSO TRAINEES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1

2.2
2.2.1
2.2.2
2.2.3
2.2.4

LSO TRAINING PROGRAM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Formal Ground Training . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Field Training . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Shipboard Training . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Aircraft Crosstype Training . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2.3

REQUIREMENTS FOR LSO DESIGNATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2

2.4

MINIMUM CURRENCY REQUIREMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2
11

2-1
2-1
2-1
2-1
2-1

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FACTORS AFFECTING LSO READINESS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2

2.6

TRAINING LSO CARRIER QUALIFICATION (CQ) REQUIREMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2

2.7

LSO TRAINER (DEVICE 2H111) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2

PART II — THE LSO WORKSTATION
CHAPTER 3 — SHORE-BASED WORKSTATION
3.1

GENERAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1

3.2
3.2.1
3.2.2

MINIMUM EQUIPMENT FOR FIELD CARRIER
LANDING PRACTICE (FCLP) OPERATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1
Day FCLP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1
Night FCLP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1

3.3
3.3.1
3.3.2
3.3.3
3.3.4

VISUAL LANDING AIDS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mk 8 Fresnel Lens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
MOVLAS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Operation and Checks of Shore-Based Visual Landing Aids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3.4

LSO GREENHOUSE AND RADIOS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2

3.5

LSO VEHICLE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2

3-1
3-1
3-2
3-2
3-2

CHAPTER 4 — SHIPBOARD WORKSTATION
4.1
4.1.1
4.1.2
4.1.3

MINIMUM EQUIPMENT LIST FOR SHIPBOARD OPERATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Day Carrier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Night Carrier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Miscellaneous LSO Equipment Malfunction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4-1
4-1
4-2
4-2

4.2
4.2.1
4.2.2
4.2.3
4.2.4
4.2.5
4.2.6
4.2.7
4.2.8

FRESNEL LENS OPTICAL LANDING SYSTEM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Optical Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
General Operating Intensities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
System Condition Indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Datum, Waveoff, and Cut Lights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Stabilization Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Effects of Deck Motion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Effective Glideslope Due to Wind and Deck Motion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Roll Angle and Hook-to-Eye . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4-2
4-2
4-3
4-4
4-4
4-5
4-7
4-7
4-8

4.3
4.3.1

MANUALLY OPERATED VISUAL LANDING AID SYSTEM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-10
MOVLAS Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-12

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LSO HEADS-UP DISPLAY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-12

4.5

LSO BASE CONSOLE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-12

PART III — NORMAL PROCEDURES
CHAPTER 5 — SHORE-BASED PROCEDURES
5.1
5.1.1
5.1.2
5.1.3
5.1.4

BRIEFING AND DEBRIEFING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Precarrier Briefing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Simulator Procedures Briefing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Conduct of Field Carrier Landing Practice Briefings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Postsimulator/Postflight Debriefing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5-1
5-1
5-2
5-3
5-3

5.2
5.2.1
5.2.2

SIMULATOR TRAINING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4
CV Approach/Departure Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4
Emergency Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4

5.3
5.3.1
5.3.2
5.3.3
5.3.4

FCLP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Personnel Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Traffic Pattern Control Responsibilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Preflight Briefing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Conduct of FCLP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5-4
5-4
5-4
5-4
5-5

5.4
5.4.1
5.4.2
5.4.3

PILOT PERFORMANCE EVALUATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Minimum Number of FCLP Periods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
FCLP Performance Records . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
LSO Certification of Pilot Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5-5
5-5
5-5
5-5

CHAPTER 6 — SHIPBOARD PROCEDURES
6.1
6.1.1
6.1.2
6.1.3
6.1.4
6.1.5

BRIEFING AND DEBRIEFING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Carrier Qualification/Currency Landing Procedures Briefing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Postflight Debriefing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pilot Landing Trend Debriefs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Recurrent CV Procedures Training . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Special Operations Procedures Briefing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6-1
6-1
6-1
6-1
6-1
6-1

6.2
6.2.1
6.2.2
6.2.3

CARRIER QUALIFICATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Limitations for Initial Carrier Qualifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
LSO Certification of Pilot Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6-1
6-1
6-5
6-6

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6.3.1

CURRENCY CRITERIA FOR CARRIER QUALIFIED PILOTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-6
Limitations for Currency/Refresher Landings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-6

6.4
6.4.1
6.4.2
6.4.3
6.4.4
6.4.5
6.4.6
6.4.7
6.4.8
6.4.9
6.4.10

NORMAL RECOVERY OPERATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-7
Personnel Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-7
LSO Responsibilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-8
Recovery Procedures for Final Approach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-10
Foul Deck Waveoff . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-11
Optical Landing System Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-11
Wind Over Deck (WOD) Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-11
Safety Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-11
MOVLAS Training . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-12
MOVLAS During Carrier Qualifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-12
MOVLAS Operating Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-12

PART IV — EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
CHAPTER 7 — EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
7.1

INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1

7.2
7.2.1

SHORE-BASED EMERGENCIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1
FCLP Pattern Emergencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1

7.3
7.3.1
7.3.2
7.3.3
7.3.4
7.3.5
7.3.6
7.3.7
7.3.8
7.3.9

SHIPBOARD EMERGENCIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Aircraft Emergencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Landing Aid Malfunctions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Communication Emergencies (General) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Communication Emergencies (Day) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Communication Emergencies (Night) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Miscellaneous LSO Equipment Malfunction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Excessive Deck Motion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ship Static Mistrim . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Barricade Engagements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7-1
7-1
7-2
7-3
7-3
7-3
7-4
7-4
7-5
7-5

PART V — EXTREME WEATHER CONDITION OPERATIONS
CHAPTER 8 — EXTREME WEATHER CONDITION OPERATIONS
8.1

ABSENCE OF HORIZON REFERENCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-1

8.2

RESTRICTED VISIBILITY/CEILING OPERATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-1

ORIGINAL

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NAVAIR 00-80T-104
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No.
8.3

EXCESSIVE DECK MOTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-1

8.4

EXCESSIVE WIND-OVER-DECK OPERATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-1

PART VI — COMMUNICATIONS
CHAPTER 9 — COMMUNICATIONS
9.1

GENERAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-1

9.2

RADIO COMMUNICATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-1

9.3

STANDARD LSO PHRASEOLOGY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-1

9.4

RADIO COMMUNICATIONS DURING EMERGENCY SITUATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-1

PART VII — NATOPS EVALUATION, PILOT PERFORMANCE RECORDS AND AIRCRAFT
MISHAP STATEMENTS
CHAPTER 10 — NATOPS EVALUATION
10.1
10.1.1
10.1.2

INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-1
Concepts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-1
Implementation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-1

10.2
10.2.1
10.2.2
10.2.3
10.2.4

FIELD LSO QUALIFICATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Formal Ground Training . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Field Experience . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Field Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Certification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10-1
10-1
10-1
10-1
10-1

10.3
10.3.1
10.3.2
10.3.3
10.3.4

SQUADRON LSO QUALIFICATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Formal Ground Training . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Shipboard Experience . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Written and Practical Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Certification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10-1
10-1
10-2
10-2
10-2

10.4
10.4.1
10.4.2
10.4.3
10.4.4

WING LSO QUALIFICATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Formal Ground Training . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Shipboard LSO Experience . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Written and Practical Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Certification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10-2
10-2
10-2
10-2
10-2

10.5

TRAINING LSO QUALIFICATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-3
15

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NAVAIR 00-80T-104
Page
No.
10.5.1
10.5.2
10.5.3
10.5.4
10.5.5
10.5.6

Prerequisites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Formal Ground Training . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Classroom Training Experience . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Field Experience . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Shipboard Experience . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Certification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10-3
10-3
10-3
10-3
10-3
10-3

10.6
10.6.1
10.6.2
10.6.3

STAFF LSO QUALIFICATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Formal Ground Training . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Shipboard Currency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Certification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10-3
10-3
10-3
10-3

10.7
10.7.1
10.7.2
10.7.3

CARRIER AIR WING PREDEPLOYMENT LSO EVALUATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Formal Ground Training Program Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Shipboard LSO Team Performance Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10-3
10-3
10-3
10-4

10.8

LSO TRAINING STATUS MATRIX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-4

10.9

REMOVAL OF LSO DESIGNATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-4

CHAPTER 11 — PILOT PERFORMANCE RECORDS
11.1

INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-1

11.2

LOG BOOKS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-1

11.3
11.3.1

PILOT PERFORMANCE RECORDS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-1
Automated Performance Assessment and Readiness Training System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-1

11.4
11.4.1
11.4.2
11.4.3

STANDARD LOG SYMBOLS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
General Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Descriptive Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Symbol Suffixes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

11-1
11-4
11-5
11-7

CHAPTER 12 — AIRCRAFT MISHAP STATEMENTS
12.1
12.1.1

GENERAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-1
LSO Mishap Statement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-1

INDEX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Index-1

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16

NAVAIR 00-80T-104

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
Page
No.

CHAPTER 1 — INTRODUCTION
Figure 1-1.

Recommended Minimum LSO Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-5

CHAPTER 4 — SHIPBOARD WORKSTATION
Figure 4-1.
Figure 4-2.
Figure 4-3.
Figure 4-4.
Figure 4-5.
Figure 4-6.
Figure 4-7.
Figure 4-8.
Figure 4-9.
Figure 4-10.
Figure 4-11.
Figure 4-12.
Figure 4-13.
Figure 4-14.
Figure 4-15.
Figure 4-16.

Vertical Field Angle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3
Vertical Field Angle Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3
Azimuthal Range and Angle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4
Source Light Bulb Failure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4
Deck-Edge Assembly (FLOLS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5
Geometry of Line Mode Stabilization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-6
Glideslope Glidepath Relation with RHW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7
Determination of Basic Angle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-8
Effects of Pitch Angle (Basic Angle) Changes on Light Plane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-9
Effects of Hook-to-Eye Changes on Light Plane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-9
Optical Glideslope and Hook-to-Eye Distances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-10
Manually Operated Visual Landing Aid System (MOVLAS)
Mk 1 Mod 2 Shipboard, General Arrangement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-11
Mk 1 Mod 0 LSO Heads-Up Display (HUD) Console . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-13
LSO Base Console . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-14
Stabilization Remote Panel (A230A) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-15
Lighting Remote Control Panel (A730A) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-16

CHAPTER 6 — SHIPBOARD PROCEDURES
Figure 6-1.

Operating Criteria for Qualified Pilots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-2

CHAPTER 9 — COMMUNICATIONS
Figure 9-1.

Standard Radio Phraseology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-2

CHAPTER 10 — NATOPS EVALUATION
Figure 10-1.

LSO Training Status Matrix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-5

CHAPTER 11 — PILOT PERFORMANCE RECORDS
Figure 11-1.
Figure 11-2.

Carrier Landing Trend Analysis Form . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-2
APARTS Trend Analysis Form . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-3
17/(18 blank)

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NAVAIR 01-F14AAP-1

5/(6 blank)

ORIGINAL

NAVAIR 00-80T-104

LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS
A

H

ACLS. Automatic carrier landing system.

H/E. Hook-to-eye.

AFGT.

HUD. Heads-up display.

Advanced formal ground training.

APARTS. Automated performance assessment and
readiness training system.

I

IFF.

Identification friend or foe.

APC. Approach power compensator.
IFGT.

ARBs. Aircraft recovery bulletins.

IFLOLS. Improved Fresnel Lens Optical Landing
System.

C

CAFSUs.

Carrier and field service units.

CARQUAL.
CATCC.

IFR.

Carrier qualification.

Carrier air traffic control center.

ILS.

Instrument landing system.

Cross deck pendant.

L

LSO.

COD. Carrier on-board delivery.
CV.

Instrument flight rules.

ILARTS. Integrated launch and recovery television
system.

CCA. Carrier controlled approach.
CDP.

Initial formal ground training.

Landing signal officer.

Aircraft carrier.

M
E

MOVLAS.
system.

EMCON. Emission control.

Manually operated visual landing aid

N

F

NATOPS. Naval air training and operating procedures standardization.

FCLP. Field carrier landing practice.
FDHDP.
FGT.

Flight deck hazardous duty pay.

NFOs.

Formal ground training.

FLOLS.

Naval flight officers.

NORDO. No-radio.

Fresnel lens optical landing system.
O

FRS/TRACOM. Fleet
training command.

replacement

squadron/
ODCR. Officer data control report.

G

GCA. Ground control approach.
19

OLS.

Optical landing system.

OTC.

Officer in tactical command.
ORIGINAL

NAVAIR 00-80T-104
P

PALS.

Precision Automatic Landing System.

PLAT.

Pilot landing aid television.

SRC. Scheduled removal component.
T

TRAWING. Training wing.

R

RHW.

U

UHF.

Recovery headwind.

Ultrahigh frequency.

S

V

SAR. Search and rescue.

V/STOL.

SATS.

VFR.

Visual flight rules.

VHF.

Very high frequency.

Short airfield tactical support.

SME. Subject matter expert.

ORIGINAL

20

Vertical/short takeoff and landing.

NAVAIR 00-80T-104

PREFACE
SCOPE

Note
The ADRL floppy disk can be used only to
place an activity on the mailing list for
automatic distribution of future issues of the
publication. It cannot be used to make
one-time orders of publications from current
stock. To get publications from current
stock, see One-Time Orders above.

The NATOPS Flight Manual is issued by the
authority of the Chief of Naval Operations and under the
direction of Commander, Naval Air Systems Command
in conjunction with the Naval Air Training and
Operating Procedures Standardization (NATOPS) Program. This manual contains information on all aircraft
systems, performance data, and operating procedures
required for safe and effective operations. However, it
is not a substitute for sound judgment. Compound
emergencies, available facilities, adverse weather or
terrain, or considerations affecting the lives and
property of others may require modification of the
procedures contained herein. Read this manual from
cover to cover. It is your responsibility to have a
complete knowledge of its contents.

Once established on automatic distribution for this
or any other NAVAIR technical publication, an activity
must submit an ADRL report on floppy disk at least
once every 12 months to update or confirm their
automatic distribution requirements.
Note
Activities not submitting an ADRL report
on floppy disk for more than 12 months may
be dropped from distribution of all NAVAIR
technical publications.

HOW TO GET COPIES
One-Time Orders

UPDATING THE MANUAL

If this publication is needed on a one-time basis
(without future updates), order it from stock by sending
an electronic DD 1348 requisition in accordance with
NAVSUP Publication 2002D.

To ensure that the manual contains the latest
procedures and information, NATOPS review conferences are held in accordance with OPNAVINST 3710.7
series.
CHANGE RECOMMENDATIONS

Automatic Distribution (with Updates)

Recommended changes to this manual or other
NATOPS publications may be submitted by anyone in
accordance with OPNAVINST 3710.7 series.

This publication and changes to it are automatically
sent to activities that are established on the Automatic
Distribution Requirements List (ADRL) maintained by
Naval Air Technical Data and Engineering Service
Command, in San Diego, CA. If there is continuing
need for this publication, each activity’s Central
Technical Publication Librarian must send a revised
ADRL report on floppy disk to Naval Air Technical
Data and Engineering Service Command. If an activity
does not have a library, send a letter to the
Commanding Officer, Naval Air Technical Data and
Engineering Service Command, Naval Aviation Depot,
North Island, Bldg. 90, Code 3.3A, P.O. Box 357031,
San Diego, CA 92135-7031, requesting assignments of
a distribution account number (if necessary) and
automatic mailing of future issues of the publications
needed.

Routine change recommendations are submitted
directly to the Model Manager on OPNAV Form 3710/6
(4-90) shown herein. The address of the Model
Manager of this program is:
Officer in Charge
U.S. Navy LSO School
1680 Tomcat Blvd. Suite 100
Virginia Beach, VA 23460-2189
lsoschool@nasoceana.navy.mil
Change recommendations of an URGENT nature
(safety of flight, etc.), should be submitted directly to
the NATOPS Advisory Group Member in the chain of
command by priority message.
21

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NAVAIR 00-80T-104
YOUR RESPONSIBILITY

NATOPS Flight Manuals are kept current through
an active manual change program. Any corrections,
additions, or constructive suggestions for improvement
of its content should be submitted by routine or urgent
change recommendation, as appropriate at once.

An operating procedure, practice, or condition, etc., that may result in injury or death,
if not carefully observed or followed.

NATOPS FLIGHT MANUAL INTERIM CHANGES

CAUTION

Flight Manual Interim Changes are changes or
corrections to the NATOPS Flight Manuals promulgated by CNO or NAVAIRSYSCOM. Interim Changes
are issued either as printed pages, or as a naval message.
The Interim Change Summary page is provided as a
record of all interim changes. Upon receipt of a change
or revision, the custodian of the manual should check
the updated Interim Change Summary to ascertain that
all outstanding interim changes have been either
incorporated or canceled; those not incorporated shall
be recorded as outstanding in the section provided.

An operating procedure, practice, or condition, etc., that may result in damage to
equipment, if not carefully observed or
followed.
Note
An operating procedure, practice, or condition, etc., that is essential to emphasize.
WORDING

The concept of word usage and intended meaning
adhered to in preparing this Manual is as follows:

CHANGE SYMBOLS

Revised text is indicated by a black vertical line in
either margin of the page, like the one printed next to
this paragraph. The change symbol shows where there
has been a change. The change might be material added
or information restated. A change symbol in the margin
by the chapter number and title indicates a new or
completely revised chapter.

1. Shall has been used only when application of a
procedure is mandatory.
2. Should has been used only when application of a
procedure is recommended.
3. May and need not have been used only when
application of a procedure is optional.

WARNINGS, CAUTIONS, AND NOTES

4. Will has been used only to indicate futurity, never
to indicate any degree of requirement for
application of a procedure.

The following definitions apply to WARNINGs,
CAUTIONs, and Notes found throughout the manual.

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NAVAIR 00-80T-104

23/(24 blank)

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NAVAIR 01-F14AAP-1

5/(6 blank)

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NAVAIR 00-80T-104

PART I

The Landing Signal Officer
Chapter 1 — Introduction
Chapter 2 — Indoctrination

25/(26 blank)

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NAVAIR 00-80T-104

CHAPTER 1

Introduction
1.1

GENERAL

f. ARB 63-12 series — Improved Fresnel lens
settings for all aircraft and CVs, required
reading for all pilots.

This manual provides all conventional landing
non-V/STOL LSOs with standardized operating procedures, technical guidance, and a single source of LSO
policy and information to all command levels.

4. Respective type commander instructions.
1.2

Note

ROLE OF LANDING SIGNAL OFFICER

The landing signal officer’s primary responsibility
is the safe and expeditious recovery of non-V/STOL
fixed-wing aircraft aboard ship. The employment of
high-performance aircraft and the necessity for all
weather operations have placed ever increasing demands on the LSO’s skill and judgment. Through
training and experience, he is capable of correlating
factors of wind, weather, aircraft capabilities, ship
configuration, pilot experience, etc., in order to provide
optimum control and assistance in aircraft landings. The
LSO is also directly responsible for training pilots in
carrier landing techniques. In this regard, he must
constantly monitor pilot performance, schedule and
conduct necessary ground training, counsel and debrief
individual pilots, and certify their carrier readiness and
qualification. The pilot and LSO form a professional
and disciplined team, both ashore and afloat. The LSO
strives to develop the pilot’s confidence, judgment,
maximum effort, technical proficiency, and personal
interest. The pilot must rely on the LSO’s experience
and ability to prepare him for optimum effectiveness as
a carrier pilot.

Officers involved in V/STOL aircraft control shall be governed by separate directives.
The LSO shall be thoroughly familiar with the
contents of the following directives in addition to this
manual:
1. CV NATOPS Manual — carrier operations
manual which includes landing patterns and
procedures in Chapter 5.
2. Appropriate aircraft model NATOPS flight
manual sections pertaining to carrier recovery.
3. ARBs
a. ARB 10-10 series — general recovery information that is required reading for all personnel concerned with aircraft recovery
operations.

1.3
b. ARB 0-11 series — current status of all ARBs.
c. ARB 12-12 series — deck configuration for
barricade engagements.

COMMAND RELATIONSHIPS AND
RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE LANDING
SIGNAL OFFICER

1.3.1 Type Commander. The type commander
LSO shall act as a coordinator in all matters concerning
the readiness, training, and qualifications of LSOs
under his cognizance; shall work with the LSO training
model manager in all matters concerning LSO readiness
and training; and shall be responsible for the nomination
of qualified LSOs to the Chief of Naval Personnel or
Commandant of the Marine Corps for future assignment. The senior LSO in each subordinate command is
responsible for informing the type commander or Chief

d. ARB 20 through 39 series as appropriate —
covers various types of arresting gear, engaging speeds/weights, etc.
e. ARB 62-12 series — Fresnel lens settings for
all aircraft and CVs, required reading for all
pilots.
1-1

ORIGINAL

NAVAIR 00-80T-104
of Naval Air Training of the status of LSO training and
qualifications. This report shall be submitted in accordance with Part VII, Chapter 10 of this manual.

1.3.4 Air Wing Commander. The air wing staff
LSO is responsible to the Air Wing Commander for the
following:

1.3.2 LSO Training Model Manager. The officer
in charge of the LSO School shall act as the LSO
training and NATOPS model manager. As such, he will
be responsible for the following major training areas:

1. The operational readiness of all assigned squadrons and detachments pertaining to FCLP and
carrier landing operations.
2. Coordination and supervision of the training and
employment of all LSOs within the air wing. He
will ensure that a high level of proficiency is
maintained by the administration of an LSO
training program. It is incumbent upon the air
wing staff LSO to establish training goals and
pursue their accomplishment through field and
shipboard training.

1. Developing, implementing, monitoring, and updating educational media materials for all LSO
training.
2. Conducting IFGT, FRS/TRACOM FGT, and
AFGT.

3. Provision of trend analysis forms and written
commentary where applicable to the Commanding Officer of a detachment’s parent squadron
following each operating period. It is intended that
all pilot carrier performance be observed, evaluated, and critiqued by the host air wing regardless of
the unit’s tenure aboard ship or the frequency of its
operations.

3. Monitoring training levels of all U.S. Navy and
Marine Corps LSO personnel.
4. Acting as the SME representative to all research
and development projects relating to LSO training
and equipment.
5. Monitoring status of shipboard LSO equipment
stations and providing inputs to appropriate fleet
type commander LSOs.

4. Ensuring that a separate COD log is maintained in
Air Operations, and that all landings to the carrier
by COD aircraft are recorded and debriefed. If
operational tempo does not facilitate a face-toface debrief with the pilot, the pass shall be
recorded in the COD logbook for retrieval and
subsequent debrief by the squadron LSO.

6. Acting as a liaison between pertinent commands
concerning LSO matters.
1.3.3 Ship/Air Wing Commanding Officer.
When embarked, the LSO is responsible to the Captain
and Air Wing Commander for the safe and expeditious
recovery of aircraft. The LSO shall inform the Captain
and Air Wing Commander through the Air Officer of
any conditions that might interfere with recovery such
as malfunctions of equipment, improper deck configuration, adverse weather and wind, or sea conditions. It
is the LSO’s responsibility to make appropriate recommendations to the Captain and Air Wing Commander
based on his evaluation of the operating environment.

1.3.5 Squadron Commanding Officer. The
squadron LSO advises and makes recommendations to
the squadron commander pertaining to:
1. The state of pilot training
2. Any unsafe tendencies of individual pilots
3. The state of assistant LSO assignment and
training

1.3.3.1 Air Officer. When embarked, the LSO
performs his platform duties under the supervision of
the Air Officer. It is incumbent on the LSO to establish
a close working relationship with the Air Officer, to
include periodic discussions regarding mutual expectations and delegation of responsibilities in the recovery
of aircraft.
ORIGINAL

4. The latest technical developments of appropriate
type aircraft, ship configurations, and equipment
which concern the recovery of aircraft.
For CV detachments, the parent squadron LSO shall
ensure that the level of readiness of the detachment to
be assigned meets the requirements outlined in this
1-2

NAVAIR 00-80T-104
manual. Recipient LSOs should, as far as practicable,
observe all detachment performance of FCLP prior to
embarkation.

The recommendation for designation as a training
LSO shall be the responsibility of the senior
training LSO.

It is incumbent on the Commanding Officer to fully
support the LSO training program.

5. Staff LSO reflects the attainment of the highest
level of qualification and experience gained as a
result of performance in subordinate categories.
The responsibility for recommending designation
as a staff LSO rests with the Air Wing Commander
and represents his judgment of the individual’s
preparedness to assume the responsibility of an air
wing staff LSO.

Commanding officers should ensure that LSOs
receive flight time commensurate with other squadron
pilots.
1.4

LSO DESIGNATIONS

1.4.2 LSO Trainee Nomination Procedures.
The decision to recommend initial LSO nomination
rests with the individual’s Commanding Officer,
based upon the recommendation of the senior cognizant LSO. A letter recommending nomination as an
LSO trainee shall be submitted by the Commanding
Officer to the type commander via the Air Wing
Commander, Training Wing Commander, or Marine
Air Wing Commander.

1.4.1 LSO Designation Category
1. Field LSO reflects the individual’s ability to
satisfactorily control one or more specific type
aircraft during FCLP. Further, he is considered
qualified to maintain and interpret LSO logs and
records of FCLP periods conducted for the
purpose of making recommendations to the commanding officer regarding extension or revocation of pilot currency for CV landings.

1.4.3 Upgrading Procedures. When a letter requesting LSO nomination, qualification, or qualification upgrade is forwarded to the first endorser, the LSO
is authorized to control aircraft in that capacity while
approval from the type commander is pending. Copies
of the type commander’s approval letter shall be
forwarded to Bureau of Naval Personnel (PERS 433) or
Commandant of the Marine Corps (Code MMOA2) for
inclusion into the officer’s service record.

2. Squadron LSO reflects the individual’s ability to
satisfactorily control one or more type aircraft at
the field and aboard ship in day and night
conditions and satisfactorily operate the
MOVLAS (day). Further, he is considered qualified to maintain and interpret LSO logs and
records and make recommendations to the commanding officer concerning individual pilot qualifications. It is the responsibility of the air wing
staff LSO to recommend the squadron LSO
designation.

1.5

LSO SENIORITY

LSO seniority will be determined by level of LSO
designation, with LSO School OIC, TYCOM LSOs,
and CNATRA LSO being the highest level of designation, followed by staff LSO, wing LSO, and squadron
LSO in that order. In FRS and training command
squadrons only, the training LSO designation shall be
used to determine LSO seniority, regardless of squadron
or wing designation. In situations involving two or more
individuals with the same level of designation, seniority
of designation date will determine LSO seniority unless
modified by the CNAF, Air Wing Commander, or
Commanding Officer.

3. Wing LSO reflects an individual’s ability to
control a majority of the air wing aircraft at the
field and aboard ship in day/night, all weather and
deck conditions without assistance, as well as an
ability to function as an LSO watch team supervisor and satisfactorily recover aircraft aboard ships
utilizing MOVLAS. Designation as a wing LSO
shall be required prior to assignment to an air wing
staff LSO billet. It is the responsibility of the air
wing staff LSO to recommend the designation as
wing LSO.
4. Training LSO reflects the individual’s ability to
administer, instruct, and supervise initial in-type
carrier qualification for a specific type aircraft.

All LSOs within the air wing are operationally
subordinate to the air wing staff LSO.
1-3

ORIGINAL

NAVAIR 00-80T-104
1.6

ASSIGNMENT

sponding training opportunities. Nomination of LSO
trainees in excess of those indicated could result in
reducing the overall experience level of LSOs in the
future. Staff LSOs shall coordinate and limit the total
number of LSOs per air wing in order to provide
adequate training opportunities at the operational level.

The type commander LSO shall act as coordinator
in all matters concerning the readiness, training, qualification, and assignment of LSOs under their cognizance.
The type commander LSO billet shall be filled by a
current staff qualified LSO. Marine air wing staff LSO
billets should be filled by experienced and current wing
designated LSOs.

1.7

Per CNAL 220935ZAPR99, LSOs are authorized to
exceed the quotas listed in OPNAVINST 7220.4 to
compensate individuals who are “under instruction.”
All LSOs are considered to be “under instruction” until
they become CVW staff qualified LSOs. LSOs that
meet the requirements as set forth in OPNAVINST
7220.4 are entitled to FDHDIP, at no penalty to the
command’s other quotas.

The Officer in Charge LSO School billet shall be
filled by a staff qualified LSO immediately following
his air wing staff LSO tour.
The numbers contained in Figure 1-1 are the
recommended minimum LSO requirements. However,
it should be recognized that practical maximums also
exist because of variable operating tempos and corre-

ORIGINAL

FLIGHT DECK HAZARDOUS DUTY
INCENTIVE PAY (FDHDIP)

1-4

NAVAIR 00-80T-104
STAFF

QUAL

IN TRAINING

TOTAL

1
4
3
1
1
2

—
—
—
—
—
—

1
4
3
1
1
2

OPERATIONAL SQUADRONS
VF/VS/VAW/VFA
VAQ
VMAQ/VMFA/VMFA (AW)
VMFA (CV DEPLOYED)
VR/VRC
VX (AS APPROPRIATE)
VT (INT. STK.)
VT (ADV. STK.)
VT (E-2/C-2)

QUAL
2
2
1
2
1
1
5
4
3

IN TRAINING
2
1
1
2
1
—
—
—
—

TOTAL
4
3
2
4
2
1
5*
4*+
3*

DETACHMENTS (CV DEPLOYED)
VMAQ

QUAL
1

IN TRAINING
1

TOTAL
1

QUAL
6
6
6
6
6
5

IN TRAINING
—
—
—
—
—
—

TOTAL
6
5
5
6
5
5

TYCOM
LSO SCHOOL
CVW
TRAWING
MAW
NATC

REPLACEMENT SQUADRONS
VFA
VMFAT
VF
VAW
VS
VAQ
*NOT LESS THAN 1 LSO/8 STUDENTS
+ VT-7 REQUIREMENT IS 5

Note
The above numbers represent minimum recommended LSO requirements. Operational squadrons will
normally exceed these minimums to maintain a quality LSO training program.

Figure 1-1. Recommended Minimum LSO Requirements

1-5/(1-6 blank)

ORIGINAL

NAVAIR 01-F14AAP-1

5/(6 blank)

ORIGINAL

NAVAIR 00-80T-104

CHAPTER 2

Indoctrination
2.1

SELECTION OF LSO TRAINEES

5. Initial formal ground training and FRS/TRACOM
formal ground training prior to training LSO
designation

Prospective LSOs are first tour pilots nominated by
squadron commanding officers. When selecting candidates for LSO training, consideration should be given to
motivation, aviation ability, and potential as an instructor. Candidates should also be identified early enough
in their first operational tour to be given the opportunity
to progress to wing qualification status before the end
of that tour. Nominees should be sent to the U.S. Navy
LSO School as soon as nominees have enough initial
familiarization with the LSO trade to make the school
a worthwhile experience.

6. Advanced field and shipboard training prior to
training LSO designation
7. AFGT prior to staff LSO designation.
2.2.1 Formal Ground Training. Initial, FRS/
TRACOM, and advanced formal ground training shall
be conducted by the U.S. Navy LSO School. Initial
formal ground training should be completed prior to
designation as a squadron LSO and shall be completed
prior to designation as a wing LSO. FRS/TRACOM
formal ground training should be completed prior to
reporting to an FRS or training command squadron.
Advanced formal ground training shall be completed
prior to reporting to the carrier air wing commander’s
staff.

Squadron commanding officers shall submit a letter
of nomination for LSO training via the chain of
command to their cognizant type commander for
approval. Letters of nomination should include the
following information:
1. Name, rank, SSN, designator, and date of rank

2.2.2 Field Training. Field training prior to designation as a squadron LSO shall be conducted under the
supervision of a squadron, wing, or staff LSO. A
training LSO shall supervise the advanced field training
required for training LSO qualification.

2. Date reporting/reported to squadron and rotation
date as shown on latest ODCR
3. Total flight hours/hours in type

2.2.3 Shipboard Training. Shipboard training
pursuant to squadron, wing, or training LSO qualification shall be conducted under the supervision of a
training or staff LSO. A designated staff LSO shall
supervise the progress of a prospective staff LSO until
the candidate has attained sufficient proficiency in
controlling all assigned air wing aircraft for staff
designation. In all cases, it is the responsibility of the
senior designated LSO to evaluate the capabilities and
progress of the LSO under training and report the same
in accordance with Part VII, Chapter 10 of this manual.

4. Total carrier landings day/night by type aircraft.
2.2

LSO TRAINING PROGRAM

The LSO training and qualification program consists of the following:
1. Ground training for LSO trainees and squadron
LSOs
2. Initial field training prior to squadron LSO
designation

2.2.4 Aircraft Crosstype Training. Designated
squadron LSOs should receive flight indoctrination in
at least one additional type of aircraft assigned to his
respective air wing. LSO cross-training is designed to
improve LSO understanding of aircraft handling and
performance characteristics primarily in the approach

3. IFGT prior to wing LSO designation
4. Shipboard training prior to squadron and wing
LSO designation
2-1

ORIGINAL

NAVAIR 00-80T-104
compliance with OPNAVINST 3710.7 series,
Section 822, concerning personnel readiness and
qualifications. There will be occasions when the
LSO is physically fit for LSO duties but not for
actual flight (e.g., sprained wrist). This requires an
Aeromedical Clearance Notice for LSO Duties
Only.

and landing phases. LSO exposure to the flight characteristics of aircraft other than his own has a positive
effect on overall LSO expertise.
2.3

REQUIREMENTS FOR LSO
DESIGNATION

The requirements for LSO qualification and designation are discussed in Part VII, Chapter 10 (NATOPS
Evaluation) of this manual.
2.4

2. LSOs shall maintain flight proficiency in the
carrier landing environment. Staff LSOs are the
senior air wing subject matter experts in the
fixed-wing recovery environment and therefore
must fly with the air wing to be credible evaluators
as well as to have first-hand knowledge of the
conditions air wing pilots face during recovery
operations. Consequently, staff LSO billets
should be fully afforded adequate flight hours for
proficiency.

MINIMUM CURRENCY REQUIREMENTS

The following criteria apply to qualified LSOs and
are established to ensure minimum LSO proficiency for
safe recovery operations:
PERIOD SINCE
ACTING AS
CONTROLLING
LSO FOR CV
RECOVERY
OPERATIONS

REQUIRED ACTION
PRIOR TO ACTING AS
CONTROLLING OR
BACKUP LSO FOR
CV RECOVERY
OPERATIONS

Up to 12 months

Discretion of senior LSO

Over 12 months

2.6

In order to maintain proficiency in the carrier
landing environment, Training LSO’s shall receive
carrier arrestments whenever possible. CV (N) and
FRS/TRACOM commanding officers should ensure, as
a minimum, Training LSO’s receive six arrested
landings every 6 months or 12 arrested landings per
year.

1. Control 80 field carrier
landing practice
(FCLP) landings or
observe 30 CV
landings; and
2. Control 20 CV landings
under supervision of
senior LSO. Senior
LSO must be current to
supervise currency
training.

2.5

2.7

LSO TRAINER (DEVICE 2H111)

The Landing Signal Officer Trainer, Device 2H111,
is operational at NAS Oceana. It simulates a fully
functional LSO platform on a CVN-68 (Nimitz) or
CVN 76 (Reagan) class CV, and employs models of
virtually all current fleet aircraft. A wide variety of
environmental conditions, operating parameters (including MOVLAS), and normal or emergency scenarios may be simulated to provide realistic individual
LSO or LSO team procedural and proficiency training.
The use of the trainer is highly recommended for LSO
turnaround training on both a squadron and air wing
level, to enhance the overall preparedness of LSO teams
prior to embarked operations.

FACTORS AFFECTING LSO
READINESS

1. The duties of the LSO require the same levels of
mental alertness that are required of a naval
aviator in actual control of aircraft. The LSO shall
be a physically qualified (or waivered) designated
naval aviator with a current Aeromedical Clearance Notice (up-chit, NAVMED 6410/2).
Additionally, LSOs shall remain in full

ORIGINAL

TRAINING LSO CARRIER
QUALIFICATION (CQ) REQUIREMENTS

2-2

NAVAIR 00-80T-104

PART II

The LSO Workstation
Chapter 3 — Shore-Based Workstation
Chapter 4 — Shipboard Workstation

27/(28 blank)

ORIGINAL

NAVAIR 01-F14AAP-1

5/(6 blank)

ORIGINAL

NAVAIR 00-80T-104

CHAPTER 3

Shore-Based Workstation
3.1

GENERAL

2. Aldis lamp for emergency use located at the LSO
station

Certain specific equipment and personnel shall be
provided for both shore and shipboard operations so that
an LSO can safely and efficiently perform his mission.
Responsibility for the provision, maintenance, and
proper functioning of the equipment rests with the air
station’s or ship’s air department, as applicable. It is the
LSO’s responsibility to ascertain, before commencing
operations, that all required equipment is available and
operative.

3. Abeam position marker light located at the LSO
station, visible abeam to the pilot
4. Emergency arresting gear marker light
5. Crew: With more than two aircraft in an LSO
controlled FCLP pattern, an individual to assist
the controlling LSO is required.
3.3

3.2

MINIMUM EQUIPMENT FOR FIELD
CARRIER LANDING PRACTICE (FCLP)
OPERATIONS

VISUAL LANDING AIDS

3.3.1 General. There are presently four optical
landing aids used aboard naval air stations.
1. Mk 8 Fresnel lens

3.2.1 Day FCLP. The minimum equipment and
personnel required for day FCLP are:

a. Mod 0: Equipped with roll angle drive assembly; no cut lights unless change No. 43 is
incorporated

1. Visual landing aid and necessary accessories,
including waveoff pickle switch and press-on and
release-off cut switch

b. Mod 1: Not equipped with roll angle drive
assembly

2. MOVLAS (available for at least one full FCLP
period per pilot)

2. MOVLAS (Mk 2 Mod 2)
3. Mk 14 Mod 0 improved Fresnel lens.

3. Communications: a UHF transceiver with extension speaker and microphone and guard transceiver capability

Note
Visual landing aids which are installed as a
part of an air station’s normal approach
lighting and marking scheme may be configured to activate the runway waveoff light
system (wheels up waveoff lights) whenever
the lens waveoff lights are activated by the
tower, wheels watch, or the LSO’s pickle
switch. Use of this configuration may not be
suitable for conduct of FCLPs. Refer to
NAVAIR 00-80T-114 (ATC Facilities
Manual).

4. Simulated carrier deck markings, adequately
maintained
5. Crew: a qualified LSO shall be on station for all
FCLP operations.
3.2.2 Night FCLP. In addition to the items listed in
the preceding paragraph, the following equipment and
personnel are required for night FCLP:
1. Permanent, flush-deck lighting. Unless this system is installed, a minimum of 24 portable
powered lights with suitable holders will be
provided.

Ship Installations Equipment Handbook, CD-1025,
Naval Air Engineering Center, Lakehurst, NJ, lists
numbers, types, and certification dates of visual landing
aids located at each air station.
3-1

ORIGINAL

NAVAIR 00-80T-104
3.3.2 Mk 8 Fresnel Lens. The Mk 8 Fresnel lens
is nearly identical to the shipboard variant. The datum
arms may be pinned inward against the power control
unit when not in use. On/off and intensity controls are
provided for independent control of source, datum, and
combined cut and waveoff lights. Proper temperature
and unit ready indications are identical to those
described in the FLOLS section. A jackscrew and
hand-crank on the front of the trailer base is used to
adjust desired glideslope. A mirrored pole is provided
with the unit to check glideslope settings (the Mk 8 is the
only unit that comes standard equipped with a pole).
The Mk 8 Mod 0 is equipped with a roll angle assembly
so that the unit may be used for continuous short-field
arrestments with SATS systems. Aircraft Recovery
Bulletin No. 80 series lists operating instructions and
roll angle settings.

conditions. The brightness settings are determined by
the position of the lens with respect to the sun and by the
decision of the LSO.
3.3.4.3 Touchdown Points. The height of the
datum lights above the runway surface is different for
each of the shore-based optical systems. This height
difference results in slightly different approach geometry and aircraft touchdown point when using the various
systems. Touchdown points also vary with each aircraft
because of their differences in hook-to-eye (or main
tires to eye). The Mk 8 Mod 0 with its roll angle drive
assembly is the exception and maintains a constant hook
touchdown point. Most field optical landing systems
use only basic angles; no roll angle adjustments are
made, and each aircraft will have a different touchdown
point based on its H/E value.
Relative wind over the deck needs to be considered
during FCLP to select a reasonable compromise on
glideslope angle used, considering pilot senses, aircraft
power response, LSO sight picture, and aircraft aerodynamics. When selecting a basic angle for FCLP with
relatively light winds at the field, a 2-3/4° or 3°
glideslope may have the pilot and the LSO seeing a low,
flat glideslope. Additionally, the ball will be considerably more difficult to control as the aircraft approaches
touchdown. This may become apparent in an excessive
number of bolters or early touchdowns.

3.3.3 MOVLAS. The Mk 2 Mod 2 land-based
MOVLAS is compatible with the Mk 8 FLOLS, or may
be used independently. Refer to the shipboard
MOVLAS discussion in Chapter 4 for further information concerning the MOVLAS system.
3.3.4 Operation and Checks of Shore-Based
Visual Landing Aids. The following discussion
provides pertinent information regarding the operation
and preoperational checks for shore-based visual
landing aids.

3.4
3.3.4.1 Pole Check. All land-based optical systems are checked for basic angle at a point 150 feet in
front of the unit using a telescoping mirror. The exact
height of the mirror assembly shall be calculated using
site survey data as described in the applicable system
operational manual.

Located at many master jet bases and their outlying
fields are environmentally protected LSO stations.
The greenhouse should house the controls for the
FCLP equipment listed in section 3.2 (i.e., standard
LSO pickle switch, MOVLAS controller, radio, etc.).
Radio equipment configuration may vary, but must
include as a minimum a UHF transceiver with guard
transceiver capability.

3.3.4.2 Intensities. When setting intensities of the
lens, excessive intensity of the lights causes light
spillage, interference with pilot’s vision, reflection of
light into the background, and an afterglow. The
reflection of light into the background hampers proper
identification of the meatball by the pilot on approach
and may cause mistaken identification of light reflection for a nonexistent meatball. The afterglow may
impede the pilot’s vision in the final stages of approach,
prevent him from recognizing a waveoff, and cause the
loss of the glidepath. Light brightness settings must
always be maintained near the minimum required
intensity to compensate for ambient light and weather
ORIGINAL

LSO GREENHOUSE AND RADIOS

3.5

LSO VEHICLE

A variety of vehicles are available for LSO use at
facilities not having a permanent LSO workstation
(greenhouse). Although several radio configurations
are available, a minimum of one UHF transceiver (with
guard capability) and VHF or FM transceiver (for LSO
to tower communication) is required for FCLP
operations.
3-2

NAVAIR 00-80T-104

CHAPTER 4

Shipboard Workstation
4.1

MINIMUM EQUIPMENT LIST FOR
SHIPBOARD OPERATIONS

e. Direct communication access to the Air
Officer.
f. A sound-powered hot line to the air officer.

4.1.1 Day Carrier. The minimum equipment required for day carrier operations includes the following:

4. For ACLS capable ships, during Case III operations, operable LSO HUD SPN-42/46 indicators.

1. Visual landing aid and necessary accessories,
including three portable switch assemblies (waveoff pickles) with a press-on and release-off cut
switch.

5. Accurately calibrated relative wind indicator.
6. Colored deck status light system with intensity
control for day and night use, clearly visible to
PriFly and the LSO. Colored flags or paddles for
use in the event of a deck status light failure.

2. MOVLAS.
3. The following operable communication equipment is required on the LSO platform:

7. 7 X 50 binoculars.
8. Distress equipment:

a. Minimum of 2 Air-to-Ship radio communication devices, one for Back up LSO and
Controlling LSO, with connections for 2
headsets/handsets each. At a minimum, the
communication devices shall provide access
to CATCC Final A and Final B UHF radio
circuit transceivers and 2 dedicated/backup
Air-to-Ship UHF transceivers. The dedicated/backup transceivers shall be capable of
selecting required frequency channels from
the Backup/Controlling LSO operating area.

a. Battery powered marker
b. Life preserver ring
c. Search and rescue sonobuoy.
9. Padded safety net, with an access to the catwalk
and interior of the ship, continually maintained.

CAUTION
b. The communication devices shall provide the
capability for the Back up and Controlling
LSO to override/preempt any Air-to-Ship
radio transmission on the frequency of the
landing aircraft. In addition, the Back up LSO
communication device shall provide the
added capability to override/preempt the Controlling LSO.

The padded safety net is for emergency use
only.
10. A windscreen, constructed of suitable material,
with adequate window area.
11. An operable hook-to-ramp indicator and an operable hook touchdown point indicator.

c. Access to the Ship’s Service Telephone
System (SSTS) for administrative calls.

12. A weatherproof, external radio speaker with
adjustable volume control.

d. Internal Communications (IC) access to Primary Flight Control, CATCC, Arresting Gear
operators and PLAT/Lens operators.

13. An operable PLAT/ILARTS monitor with centerline reference.
4-1

ORIGINAL

NAVAIR 00-80T-104
4.2.1 Optical Characteristics

4.1.2 Night Carrier. All equipment required for
day carrier operations is required at night, with the
following additions:

4.2.1.1 Effects of Temperature. The optical
characteristics of the Fresnel lens vary appreciably with
changes in internal cell temperature. If the lens
temperature is allowed to vary beyond operational
limits (97 ±7 °F), three effects will be observed:

1. Aldis lamp or high intensity spotlight which is
located at the LSO platform for emergency use
2. Colored wands for use in the event of a deck status
light failure.

1. As temperature varies, the size of the bar of light
will appear to change as the image moves from the
lens center to the transition line between cell
assemblies. If the temperature is higher than
operational temperatures, the bar of light at the
center will appear smaller and bloom to a larger
bar of light at the transition line between cells. At
lower temperatures, the opposite will occur.

4.1.3 Miscellaneous LSO Equipment Malfunction. The LSO shall notify the Air Officer of the
malfunction or loss of any required equipment. The
decision to continue recovery operations with any
required LSO equipment inoperative shall rest with the
commanding officer.
4.2

2. At extreme temperatures it is possible to get blank
areas or double bars of light at or near the
transition point between cells.

FRESNEL LENS OPTICAL LANDING
SYSTEM

3. The light bar will be wider (i.e., less well-defined)
at temperatures higher than design temperatures,
and smaller at lower temperatures. Extremes in
temperatures (below 90 °F or above 135 °F) will
cause out of tolerance indications in PriFly and the
FLOLS control room. Overtemperature may be
caused by a failed thermal switch(es) causing the
cell heaters to stay on, outside air temperature, or
aircraft spotted with exhausts pointed near the
lens. Since the actual Fresnel lens inside the cell
assembly is made of plastic (Lucite), a metal
frame (eggcrate) is bolted to the plastic Fresnel
lens to support it and keep the lens from warping.
The plastic Fresnel lens can be damaged resulting
in transition problems if the eggcrate bolts are
over-tightened or the clamps that hold the Fresnel
lens in the cell are overtightened. Bad transition
can usually be detected on deck, but you must be
at least 80 feet away from the lens when viewing
the display. V-2 lens technicians can move the lens
in pitch so all transitions can be viewed. All cells
are interchangeable, so the best cells should be put
in the center and adjacent positions. V-2 lens
technicians can determine the best cells with
visual examination of the cell output and by
performing the MRC for the Flip Test. If it is
necessary to use the lens prior to complete
warmup, pilots should be informed that there may
not be a smooth transition of the ball between cells
and that the ball may disappear as it traverses the

The Mk 6 Mod 3 FLOLS is an electro-optical pilot
landing aid featuring two identical channels of
stabilization complete with gyro/sensor units, electronic
computers, monitoring circuits, built-in maintenance facilities, and automatic trim stabilization units. The FLOLS
automatically corrects lens settings for static mistrim of the
ship to maintain a constant preselected hook touchdown
point. The FLOLS currently has line and inertial (heave)
modes of stabilization available.
The FLOLS includes a deck edge assembly (the
lens), the FLOLS control room, the PriFly area, and
LSO platform.
There is a vast amount of printed information
available on the FLOLS. A thorough understanding of
the following list of publications is a must for an LSO:
1. Technical Manual, Fresnel Lens Optical Landing
System Mk 6 Mod 3, Installation, Service, Operation, and Maintenance Instruction (NAVAIR
51-4OABA-l0)
2. Aircraft Recovery Bulletin No. 62-12 (Mk 6
Mod 3 FLOLS)
3. Aircraft Recovery Bulletin No. 10-10.
ORIGINAL

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NAVAIR 00-80T-104
helps to disburse sun reflection from the lens face.
The slots should be outside. It can be easily Murphyed
(i.e., slots on the inside). Since it is exposed to the
elements, it needs to be kept clean and dry. Salt, water,
dirt, or exhaust smoke may cause spherical aberration
(i.e., poor definition). These lenses are plastic and
will be damaged and need immediate replacement if
they are cleaned improperly.

junction between adjacent cells. No difficulty
should be experienced when the ball is in the
center of the cell.
4.2.1.2 Focal Point and Field of View. The
inherent characteristic of the FLOLS display is a linear
projected glideslope (i.e., the total beam height becomes
wider as distance from the lens is increased, and that width
increase is linear). The further a pilot is from the lens, the
more difficult it is for the pilot to perceive changes in
glideslope. The total glideslope vertical field composed of
all five cells (Figure 4-1) is approximately 1.7° (each cell
accounts for 20.45 minutes of arc or .34°).

4.2.1.3 Circuitry. Source lights are wired in
series-parallel in the four yellow cells. Each cell
contains three lamps. If one lamp fails, the corresponding lamp in the other three cells will go out (see
Figure 4-4). This provides constant, even illumination from cell to cell. When one lamp burns out, a
failure light illuminates in the lens control room.
When one lamp in a string fails, extinguishing the
entire string, the source lamp intensity must be
increased to compensate for the loss of one lamp in
each yellow cell. This increased voltage on the
remaining lamps will age them faster. The source
light series/parallel circuitry provides for all lamps
(yellow cells) to age at the same rate, thus (theoretically) producing even illumination among the yellow
cells.

Figure 4-2 helps illustrate vertical field angle and
also shows why pilot glideslope corrections must
become smaller as the aircraft approaches the touchdown point.
Couple the conditions of Figure 4-2 with too bright
a lens setting (which significantly reduces ball definition the closer the aircraft approaches the lens) or minor
the closer the aircraft approaches the lens) or minor
visual acuity problems (pilot, weather, salt on lens, etc.),
and the result is unperceived glideslope deviations.

4.2.2 General Operating Intensities. Set the
source, low cell, and datum lights to minimum intensity
prior to energizing the lens, then adjust the intensity
after the lens is on. This will prevent the LSO or primary
from blowing out all the source lights. Maximum
recommended intensity settings during daylight are
near 9.0, and are usually required at low sun angles.
Night settings normally range from 2.0 to 3.0.

The lenticular lens is the vertical fluted lens
attached in front of the Fresnel lens. It provides
meatball color and azimuth ($20_) (Figure 4-3) and

Figure 4-1. Vertical Field Angle

DISTANCE FROM
TOUCHDOWN
(230 FT HTDP)

VERTICAL BEAM
HEIGHT OF
ALL 5 CELLS

VERTICAL BEAM
HEIGHT OF
CENTER (OR ANY
OTHER) CELL

0
(Touchdown ramp)

11.8 ft

2.4 ft

230 ft

18.6 ft

3.7 ft

1/4 nm

56.3 ft

11.3 ft

1/2 nm

100.8 ft

20.2 ft

3/4 nm

145.3 ft

30.5 ft

1 nm

189.8 ft

38 ft

2 nm

367.9 ft

73.6 ft

Figure 4-2. Vertical Field Angle Table
4-3

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NAVAIR 00-80T-104

Figure 4-3. Azimuthal Range and Angle
Intensity in the low (red) cell is adjusted independently. It may also be flashed at a 45 times-per-minute
rate. The flasher/steady switch is located in the
FLOLS control room on lighting remote control
panel A720A.
4.2.3 System Condition Indicators. System
condition indicators are located on remote control
panels A710A and A720A (in PriFly and the FLOLS
control room). The LSO platform lighting remote
control panel A730A contains a GO/NO-GO
indicator.
4.2.4 Datum, Waveoff, and Cut Lights. (See
Figure 4-5.) Three fixed datum lights (green) and four
conditional datum lights (green) are mounted horizontally on each side of the lens source lights. The fixed
datums are continuously illuminated, while the conditional datums go out when the waveoff lights are
actuated.

Figure 4-4. Source Light Bulb Failure
ORIGINAL

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NAVAIR 00-80T-104

Figure 4-5. Deck-Edge Assembly (FLOLS)
the horizon under moving deck conditions. The following modes of FLOLS stabilization are employed.

Four waveoff lights (red) and three or four
emergency waveoff lights (red) are mounted vertically
on each side of the lens source lights. When a waveoff
is initiated, the waveoff lights first flash at full intensity,
then dim to the preset brightness. The emergency
waveoff lights are on a separate circuit and act as a
backup system to the normal waveoff lights.

4.2.5.1 Line Stabilization. Used as a backup to
inertial mode, this mode stabilizes the FLOLS display
for pitch and roll motions of the ship maintaining a
predetermined line in space at the intersection of the
FLOLS light plane and the true vertical plane through
the centerline of the angled deck (Figure 4-6). This
provides a completely stabilized glideslope referenced
to the carrier deck, (glideslope moves with deck heave
motion) as long as the pilot is on centerline of angled
deck. Line mode is not stabilized for ship’s heave
(vertical displacement). Pilot perceived ball movement
is because of ship’s heave. Mode I’s should be flown
using line stabilization mode, inertial is acceptable.

Four horizontal cut lights (green) are located above
the source lights (2 on each side). The cut lights are
illuminated by means of a pushbutton on top of the LSO
pickle switch (and by pushbuttons on all remote panels).
The cut lights remain illuminated as long as the
pushbutton is depressed; once released, the cut lights
extinguish.
4.2.5 Stabilization Modes. The FLOLS stabilization computer receives signals from the ship’s stable
element to project a stabilized glideslope with respect to

4.2.5.2 Inertial Mode of Stabilization. The Primary mode of operation for the FLOLS. This Mode is
4-5

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NAVAIR 00-80T-104

Figure 4-6. Geometry of Line Mode Stabilization
4.2.5.3 Stabilization Limits. Lens stabilization
limits for the Mk 6 Mod 3 FLOLS are ±6_ pitch, ±10_
roll. It should be noted that in any discussion of deck
motion and its associated effect on FLOLS, rate of pitch
is just as important as amount of pitch. A moderate or
even a small amount of pitch, normally within the
stabilization capability of the FLOLS, can result in an
unstabilized glideslope if the rate is rapid enough. The
electric motor jackscrews in the FLOLS simply cannot
position the roll and pitch of the lens box stack quickly
enough when the deck excursions are rapid.

line stabilization with additional correction for ship’s
heave motion. It essentially stabilizes the glideslope
regardless of carrier motion. The deck edge roll drive
makes all corrections for heave stabilization. The pilot
must be on the centerline of the angle to see a properly
stabilized display. During heavy sea states (5/6) in
inertial mode, the hook to ramp clearance and touchdown point indicators will occasionally display a
negative or aft touchdown point respectively. The
dynamic touchdown point varies more in inertial mode
than it does in line mode. This is the sacrifice for a more
stable light beam/glideslope for the pilots. A pilot on a
perfect pass may hit any of the four wires, the ramp or
bolter, depending on ramp motion and heave. At the
moment of touchdown, the hook touchdown point will
be displayed by the dynamic hook touchdown point
indicator for a centered ball pass.
ORIGINAL

An additional stabilization feature limits the glideslope to a deck angle of not less than 1_. Thus, with a 4_
basic angle, stabilization is limited to 3_ stern ramp up
(2.5_ on a 3.5_ basic angle). In a typical pitching deck
4-6

NAVAIR 00-80T-104
4.2.7 Effective Glideslope Due to Wind and
Deck Motion. The glideslope angle, referred to as
the basic angle aboard ship, is the fixed pitch angle
around which the lens assembly stabilizes. A basic
angle setting of 3.5_ is most commonly used, with 4_
used for higher wind-over-deck conditions (38+ knots)
or on the small decks when hook-to-ramp clearance is
near the 10-foot minimum. In moderate wind-over-deck
conditions (32 to 37 knots), a 3.75_ basic angle may be
desirable. In Figure 4-7, note that decreased closure rate
of aircraft to ship caused by wind-over-deck reduces the
actual glideslope flown (effective glideslope).

situation, this limitation (vice stabilization limits)
usually results in apparent lens lag.
4.2.6 Effects of Deck Motion. During flight
operations, deck motion seldom exceeds ±1.5_ pitch,
±2.2_ in roll, and 5.5 feet in heave. Using basic
geometry, each 1-foot aircraft vertical deviation from
optimum glideslope moves the hook touchdown point
forward or aft in the landing area by the following
distances:
BASIC
GLIDESLOPE ANGLE

DISTANCE IN FEET

3_

19.1

3.5_

16.4

3.75_
4_

15.3

WIND OVER
DECK
(KNOTS)

BASIC ANGLE
(DEGREES)

EFFECTIVE
GLIDESLOPE*

14.3

35

4

3.2

30

3.5

2.8

Thus, 5.5 feet in heave will move the hook
touchdown point ±90 feet on a 3.5_ glideslope. Note
also that 3_ of pitch (1.5_ up, 1.5_ down), although not
exceeding lens stabilization limits, equates to 24.1 feet
of vertical ramp movement (based on CVN-71’s
461-foot pitch axis to ramp distance).

*Based on a 130-knot approach speed

Aircraft landing stress limits are predicated on
moderate deck conditions. Extreme deck motion may
significantly increase these landing stresses; the ramp

Figure 4-7. Glideslope Glidepath Relation with RHW

4-7

ORIGINAL

NAVAIR 00-80T-104
between the hook path and the pilot’s eye path relative
to the carrier (Figure 4-11). Aircraft Recovery Bulletin
No. 62-12 provides H/E values for all aircraft and
configurations. These H/E values, along with basic
angle, desired hook touchdown point, and ship’s static
pitch/roll mistrim, are used by the FLOLS system to
calculate and set the proper lens roll angle. Roll angles
vary from 0 to 15 units. At 7.5 units of roll, the lens is
vertical (zero tilt); at 15 units, the top of the lens is
canted 7.5_ outboard providing proper ramp clearance
for the largest H/E aircraft. The selected basic angle will
not change when the lens roll angle is increased or
decreased.

coming up at touchdown increases relative sink rate.
Additionally, 1_ of ramp down is the same as adding 1_
to the glideslope as far as aircraft landing stresses are
concerned. These deck motion factors are among the
most critical to consider when landing aircraft on
carriers.
During pitching deck conditions the aircraft hook
may not engage the crossdeck pendant at the optimum
angle. This may result in an apparent increase in the
frequency of hook-skip bolters.
4.2.8 RoIl Angle and Hook-to-Eye. The lens
assembly may be tilted about two horizontal planes, at
right angles to each other, the lens roll axis is parallel to
the angle deck centerline, and the lens pitch axis is
perpendicular to the angle deck centerline. The tilt in
pitch, referred to as the basic angle, is seldom changed
during a recovery (3.5_, 3.75_, or 4.0_) (Figures 4-8
and 4-9). Moving the lens about the roll axis rolls the
light plane, causing the glideslope at the centerline of
the landing area to be raised or lowered. This compensates for the various H/E distances to provide a constant
hook path for all aircraft (Figure 4-10). H/E distance,
which varies between aircraft, is the vertical distance

CAUTION
Because of roll angle, extreme off-center
approaches for aircraft with large H/E values
may provide hazardous ramp clearance.
H/E values for most aircraft are such that the lens is
upright or tilted outboard for normal configurations and
normal hook touchdown points (a positive roll angle,
greater than 7.5 units). No roll angle or basic angle
settings are used for MOVLAS as the LSO manually

Figure 4-8. Determination of Basic Angle

ORIGINAL

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NAVAIR 00-80T-104

Figure 4-9. Effects of Pitch Angle (Basic Angle) Changes on Light Plane

Figure 4-10. Effects of Hook-to-Eye Changes on Light Plane

4-9

ORIGINAL

NAVAIR 00-80T-104

Figure 4-11. Optical Glideslope and Hook-to-Eye Distances
Deck centerline camber (i.e., the centerline is higher
than the deck edge) is for water drainage. On most decks
it is approximately 4 inches. All lens settings in the
Recovery Bulletins compensate for deck camber.

controls the ball to establish the proper glideslope. Most
field optical landing systems use only basic angles; no
roll angle adjustments are made, and each aircraft will
have a different touchdown point based on its H/E
value.

4.3
All published lens settings are intended to provide
optimum hook glidepath, with a hook touchdown point
halfway between the number two and three crossdeck
pendants. Roll angle places the visual glideslope some
distance above the hook glideslope which corresponds
to each aircraft’s H/E distance. H/E (in feet) is
determined for each aircraft while properly configured,
flying on-speed attitude, and with a centered ball. For
many aircraft, a change in configuration will change
H/E distance. H/E values for various configurations are
specified in the Recovery Bulletins. If no preconfigured
H/E pushbutton is available for the aircraft, configuration and adjustment for a nonstandard H/E must be
made for FLOLS to provide the desired glide-path and
hook touchdown point. Failure to maintain optimum
aircraft attitude to touchdown may result in engagement
of other than the targeted wire even with the aircraft on
the visual glideslope (i.e., pilot sees a centered ball) at
touchdown.
ORIGINAL

MANUALLY OPERATED VISUAL
LANDING AID SYSTEM

The Mk 1 Mod 2 MOVLAS is a backup shipboard
visual landing aid system that is used when the primary
optical system (FLOLS) is inoperable, when stabilization limits are exceeded, or for pilot/LSO training. The
system presents glideslope information in the same
visual form presented by the FLOLS system. There are
three installation stations aboard ship (Figure 4-12):
STATION 1: Installation is immediately in front
of the FLOLS and utilizes the FLOLS waveoff,
datum, and cut light displays.
STATION 2: Installation is completely independent of the FLOLS. Because of cable resistance,
it must be located on the port side not less than 75
feet nor more than 100 feet aft of the FLOLS
assembly.
4-10

NAVAIR 00-80T-104

Figure 4-12. Manually Operated Visual Landing Aid System (MOVLAS) Mk 1 Mod 2 Shipboard, General
Arrangement
4-11

ORIGINAL

NAVAIR 00-80T-104
Independent controls are provided for intensity
adjustment of the datum and source lights, with a
combined control for the cut and waveoff lights. When
activated, waveoff lights flash at a rate of 90 times a
minute.

STATION 3: Installation is mounted on a base assembly located on the flight deck on the starboard
side. The approximate position is aft of the island
and outboard of the safe parking line. The exact
location can be determined by the air officer, LSO,
or other cognizant personnel (i.e., CAFSUs).
Utilization of this position may require on-deck
aircraft movement.

Because the controller detents proved inadequate in
use, MOVLAS Service Change No. 13 added a repeater
light box to the system. The repeater monitors every
other light on the light box and allows the LSO to
visually monitor the glideslope he is presenting to the
pilot while facing the approaching aircraft (Service
Change No. 13 also added the disable switch to the
uppermost three lamps). A separate MOVLAS repeater
is also integrated into the left side of the LSO HUD
console. A small panel opens behind which there is a
mirror that reflects the MOVLAS repeater image to the
LSO.

4.3.1 MOVLAS Construction. The light box
contains 23 vertically mounted lights that provide the
meatball display. A set of perforated doors may be
latched open or closed in front of the unit. When closed,
the light intensity is decreased to approximately 3.5
percent of that with the shutters open. This doubles the
range of light intensity control available from the power
controller box and ensures adequate intensity range for
day and night use. The bottom six lamps are red to
provide coloring similar to the FLOLS low cell (they do
not flash). Two toggle switches mounted on the LSO
controller disable the lower and uppermost three lamps.
With either switch in the disabled position, the controlling LSO can indicate to the pilot a glideslope position
beyond the limits of the normal FLOLS system (i.e.,
ball off the top/bottom of the lens).

Additional information about MOVLAS may be
found in NAVAIR 51-40ACA-3 (Mk 2 Mod 2 landbased MOVLAS) or NAVAIR 5l-40ACA-2 (Mk 1
Mod 2 shipboard MOVLAS).
4.4

The Mk 1 Mod 0 LSO HUD console system (Figure
4-13) provides the LSO with real time aircraft, deck
motion, deck status, and trend information in a consolidated display. It provides the LSO a dynamic visual
display of all critical aircraft landing factors including
range, rate of descent, true or closing airspeed, and
lineup and glideslope data, as well as indicators of
wind-over-deck relative to the landing area, clear/foul
deck status, aircraft type, and approach mode. Ramp
motion/ship’s trim information is also available. A
MOVLAS repeater, 21MC intercom, and two UHF
radio barrel switch controls are also located on the
console.

Note
Air wing policy should determine the position of the upper lamp enable switch. The
lower lamp enable switch shall remain in the
Enabled On position at all times.
For MOVLAS stations 2 and 3, a datum box unit is
mounted on each side of the light box and contains five
separate datum lamps, four waveoff lamps, and one cut
lamp. The single perforated door is used to increase the
range of intensity control for the waveoff and cut lights.
Perforated doors are used for all lamps which are not
continuously lighted to ensure sufficient line voltage
across the filaments to light the lamp instantly.

4.5

The LSO controller is located at the LSO workstation. A handle on the controller enables the LSO to
select the position of the meatball. The pickle switch is
attached to the end of the controller handle. As the
handle on the LSO controller is moved up or down, it
lights three or four consecutive lamps in the light box,
thus providing an LSO controlled meatball. Detents are
located at the horizontal or centered ball position and
near the bottom just prior to the red ball going off the
bottom.
ORIGINAL

LSO HEADS-UP DISPLAY

LSO BASE CONSOLE

The LSO Base Console (Figure 4-14), located to the
right of the LSO HUD, consolidates several essential
LSO equipment items. These include: the stabilization
remote panel (A230A), FLOLS lighting remote control
panel (A730A), radio set control panel (WSC-3), deck
status light control panel, 19MC intercom panel or
monitor, phone panel assembly, and a connector panel
assembly with receptacles for sound powered phones,
Aldis lamp, LSO handsets, and portable switch assemblies (pickle switches).
4-12

NAVAIR 00-80T-104

Figure 4-13. Mk 1 Mod 0 LSO Heads-Up Display (HUD) Console

4-13

ORIGINAL

NAVAIR 00-80T-104

Figure 4-14. LSO Base Console

ORIGINAL

4-14

NAVAIR 00-80T-104
The stabilization remote panel (A230A) (Figure
4-15) contains six indicators, including: a basic angle
meter, commanded hook-to-ramp clearance indicator,
commanded hook touchdown point indicator, ship trim
angle meters (pitch/roll), and H/E meter (ship
dependent).

The FLOLS lighting remote control panel (A730A)
(Figure 4-16) provides LSO controls and indicators for
datum, cut, and waveoff light intensity, low cell
intensity, source light intensity, system go/no-go
indicators, and pushbutton cut and waveoff light
switches.

Figure 4-15. Stabilization Remote Panel (A230A)

4-15

ORIGINAL

NAVAIR 00-80T-104

Figure 4-16. Lighting Remote Control Panel (A730A)

ORIGINAL

4-16

NAVAIR 00-80T-104

PART III

Normal Procedures
Chapter 5 — Shore-Based Procedures
Chapter 6 — Shipboard Procedures

29/(30 blank)

ORIGINAL

NAVAIR 01-F14AAP-1

5/(6 blank)

ORIGINAL

NAVAIR 00-80T-104

CHAPTER 5

Shore-Based Procedures
5.1

BRIEFING AND DEBRIEFING

3. Carrier operating procedures
a. Launch and departure procedures

5.1.1 Precarrier Briefing. The LSO shall ascertain that pilots/NFOs are thoroughly prepared in all
respects for carrier landing operations.

(1) Deck
procedures:
considerations

The following subjects shall be covered by the LSO
in briefings for pilots/NFOs prior to and, as deemed
necessary, during carrier landing operations:

Taxi/power

(2) Catapult procedures
(3) Case I/II/III departure procedures

1. Carrier configurations

(4) Voice reports

a. Recovery systems

(5) EMCON

(1) Fresnel lens, MOVLAS, LSO talkdown
approaches, and ACLS procedures (if
applicable)

(6) Launch emergencies: Ship, aircraft (consult aircraft NATOPS flight manual).
b. Check-in and marshal procedures

(a) Systems design
c. Approach procedures
(b) Capabilities
(1) Case I/II/III
(c) Limitations

(2) CV-1/2/3 approaches

(d) Special procedures.

(3) Mode I/IA/II/III ACLS, ASR, selfcontained approaches

(2) Arresting gear and barricade
(a) Design

(4) EMCON/ZIP LIP

(b) Capabilities

(5) Downwind recovery
(6) Voice reports

(c) Limitations.

(7) NORDO aircraft approaches.

b. Deck configuration

d. VFR pattern

c. PLAT/ILARTS

(1) Entry

d. Deck, hull, and mast lighting system and
control

(2) Break (interval)

2. Communications and communications discipline

(3) Downwind

a. Channelization

(4) Abeam position

b. Voice reports.

(5) Approach turn
5-1

ORIGINAL

NAVAIR 00-80T-104
k. Emergency procedures

(6) Spin

(1) LSO equipment malfunction

(7) Delta.

(2) Ship equipment malfunction

e. Glideslope techniques

(3) Aircraft emergencies

(1) Start position
(2) Airspeed/angle-of-attack control

(a) Low fuel state

(3) Lineup

(b) Hook malfunction

(4) Glideslope error corrections

(c) Brake failure

(5) Touchdown

(d) Single engine/compressor stalls
(e) Landing gear malfunctions

(6) Effects of wind

(f) Launch bar/tow link malfunctions

(7) Effects of deck motion

(g) Ditching

(8) LSO calls (standard phraseology and
responses)

(h) Fire

(9) MOVLAS/pitching deck recovery.

(i) Loss of canopy

f. Bolter

(j) Flight control malfunctions

g. Waveoff

(k) Other emergencies from Section V of
aircraft NATOPS flight manual.

(1) Mandatory
(4) Ejection.
(2) Own waveoff
4. Operations and air department briefings. The
following areas should be briefed by cognizant
operations and air department personnel prior to
CV operations. Student naval aviators shall be
briefed by the parent squadron LSO.

(3) Technique.
h. Night operations
(1) Lack of depth perception

a. Deck handling procedures
(2) Radar altimeter
b. Air operations procedures
(3) Instrument scan/scan transition
c. Communications
(4) Aircraft lighting.
d. Catapult launch procedures
i. Bingo procedures
e. CATCC procedures
(1) Fuel state
f. SAR procedures.
(2) Profile.
5.1.2 Simulator Procedures Briefing. The
LSO shall conduct a formal briefing with all pilots prior
to simulator syllabus flights covering the procedures
and training objectives to be accomplished.

j. Barricade procedures
(1) LSO-to-pilot 10-line barricade brief.
ORIGINAL

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NAVAIR 00-80T-104
5.1.3 Conduct of Field Carrier Landing
Practice Briefings. The following subjects shall be
covered by the LSO in lectures prior to and, as
necessary, during FCLP training:

g. Abeam position: “(Modex), abeam, gear,
(fuel state), (pilot’s name)”
Note
If unable to call “Abeam, gear” (e.g., gear in
transition or aircraft on the ball), make the
gear call prior to the ball call on the first pass.

1. Fresnel lens, MOVLAS, LSO talkdown approaches, and ACLS procedures (if applicable)
a. Systems design, capabilities, and limitations

h. Approach turn

b. Special procedures.

i. Voice report (at normal meatball acquisition
position)

2. Communications and communications discipline
(1) Modex number
3. General FCLP procedures
(2) Type aircraft
a. Course rules

(3) Ball or Clara

b. Pattern, turns, and dimensions

(4) Fuel state (nearest 100 pounds)

c. Altitude control

(5) Auto (if applicable).

d. Speed control and angle of attack

j. Glideslope and entry

e. Attitude control

k. Glideslope technique

f. Lineup

l. Landing

g. Landing

m. Waveoff

h. Night procedures

(1) Mandatory
waveoff)

i. APC control (if applicable)

(standard

test/close-in

(2) Own waveoff

j. Emergency procedures
k. LSO calls
responses).

(including

phraseology

(3) Techniques involved.

and

n. Aircraft lighting (determined by local conditions)

4. Specific FCLP procedures

o. Charlie procedures

a. Takeoff/entry

p. Bingo procedures

b. Climbout

q. Loss of LSO radio or two-way communications

c. Break (interval)

r. NORDO aircraft procedures.
5.1.4 Postsimulator/Postflight
Debriefing.
The LSO shall debrief each pilot as soon as practicable
following each simulator or FCLP flight regarding
procedures and landing performance during the period.
The LSO should use this debriefing to discuss any

d. Upwind turn
e. Downwind leg
f. Landing checklist
5-3

ORIGINAL

NAVAIR 00-80T-104
5.3.1 Personnel Requirements. A qualified
LSO shall be on station for all day FCLP operations. For
night operations, the qualified LSO shall have an
assistant (not necessarily an LSO or pilot) present
whenever more than two aircraft are in the FCLP
pattern.

significant trends in landing performance and recommended corrective action.
5.2

SIMULATOR TRAINING

Carrier landing simulators shall be used to the
maximum extent practicable in preparation for shipboard operations. The LSO shall develop a simulator
syllabus to supplement FCLP training and reinforce
precarrier briefing material. Each pilot should complete
the simulator syllabus prior to carrier operations.

5.3.2 Traffic Pattern Control Responsibilities.
Although tower personnel may be responsible for
control of aircraft entering and departing the FCLP
pattern and non-FCLP aircraft during concurrent operations, the LSO shall monitor all aircraft in the pattern to
ensure proper interval and adherence to briefed FCLP
pattern procedures.

5.2.1 CV Approach/Departure Procedures.
The simulator training syllabus should include, at a
minimum, one complete case III departure, marshal,
ACLS approach, and recovery. Loss of radio procedures should be reviewed and executed. Environmental
conditions should be varied and the pilot should be
required to execute both precision and nonprecision
approaches to minimums.

5.3.3 Preflight Briefing. Pilots shall be briefed
prior to each FCLP period in accordance with the
NATOPS flight manual. The following items are to be
included:
1. Takeoff and recovery time

5.2.2 Emergency Procedures. The carrier landing simulator syllabus should include emergency procedures training in the following areas:

2. Weather briefing
3. Alternate Bingo field

1. NORDO (in all phases of flight)

4. Formation procedures

2. Loss of navigation aids

5. Traffic rules and terrain of bounce field
6. Pattern

3. Common aircraft emergencies (peculiar to aircraft
type)

7. Gross weight limitations

4. Aircraft emergencies/abnormal configurations affecting landing performance

8. Radio discipline
9. Lost communication procedures

5. Shipboard casualties (i.e., failure of navigation
aids, drop lights, lens, etc.)

10. Field lighting

6. Pitching deck recovery

11. Alternate approach procedures

7. Computation of Bingo fuel requirements and
execution of Bingo profile.

12. Emergencies

5.3

13. Type of field arresting gear and location

FCLP

14. Waveoff/lineup response

Field carrier landing practice is defined as that phase
of required flight training that precedes carrier landing
operations. It should simulate, as nearly as practicable,
the conditions encountered during carrier landing
operations.
ORIGINAL

15. No acknowledgment of “ball” call
16. Final recovery instructions
17. Debrief arrangements.
5-4

NAVAIR 00-80T-104
5.3.4 Conduct of FCLP. The following equipment checks shall be made by LSOs prior to FCLP
operations:
1. Functional check of visual landing aids (cut and
waveoff lights, pole check, intensity, etc.)
2. All lighting facilities for proper operations
3. Radios
4. Aldis lamp or spotlight (night only).
Each pilot shall have demonstrated proficiency in the
following:
1. Waveoff — at least one waveoff (technique or
test) per FCLP period.
2. Lineup response — at least one test of lineup
response per FCLP period.
3. Simulated shipboard radar controlled approaches
should be practiced during at least one night FCLP
period. Where applicable, FCLP in conjunction
with shore-based SPN-42 is highly desirable to
familiarize pilots with procedures from an ACLS
to visual approach.
4. NORDO approaches — including proper response to cut lights and waveoff lights.
5. MOVLAS approaches.
6. Aircraft simulated emergency approaches.
7. Pilot response to no verbal or visual acknowledgment of the ball call should be frequently tested
during FCLP.
Note
Conduct of FCLP during deployed operations with less than the minimum prescribed
equipment may be conducted at the discretion of the senior cognizant LSO.

5.4

PILOT PERFORMANCE EVALUATION

5.4.1 Minimum Number of FCLP Periods.
Chapter 6 establishes the requirement for FCLP refresher prior to carrier operations when a pilot has not made
a CV landing in over 30 days. The number of FCLP
periods (and total number of FCLP landings) required
to prepare a pilot for CV landings will vary with
individual pilot skills, experience, and currency in
aircraft type. The senior command LSO should submit
to the commanding officer, via the operations officer, a
list of anticipated FCLP requirements for each pilot
prior to commencing precarrier deployment training.
This list should also include simulator requirements.
These requirements should be adjusted as necessary
according to individual performance. The senior command LSO is ultimately responsible for certifying to the
commanding officer that an individual is prepared for
CV flight operations.
5.4.2 FCLP Performance Records. Fleet squadrons shall maintain records of all squadron pilot FCLP
landings from the beginning of shore-based operations
until the end of the next extended deployment.
5.4.3 LSO Certification of Pilot Performance.
FCLP training shall be completed to the satisfaction of
the senior air wing LSO (senior command LSO, if not
assigned to an air wing) prior to carrier qualification.
During this training period, the pilot should demonstrate his ability to operate with appropriate configurations and simulated emergency conditions. When this
has been completed, an oral or written recommendation
shall be submitted by the senior LSO to the pilot’s
commanding officer certifying pilot day/night FCLP
qualification. In the case when 60 days have elapsed
since a pilot’s last CV landing, the senior command
LSO shall submit a memorandum to the appropriate
staff/type LSO certifying day/night readiness of pilot(s)
to include the number of FCLP periods (day/night) and
number of carrier related simulators. Reciprocal acceptance between commands of FCLP qualification and
LSO certification is authorized. The senior LSO shall
recommend revocation of a certification at any time a
pilot’s standard of performance is less than satisfactory.

5-5/(5-6 blank)

ORIGINAL

NAVAIR 01-F14AAP-1

5/(6 blank)

ORIGINAL

NAVAIR 00-80T-104

CHAPTER 6

Shipboard Procedures
6.1

6.2

BRIEFING AND DEBRIEFING

6.1.1 Carrier Qualification/Currency Landing
Procedures Briefing. The carrier configurations,
communications and communications discipline, and
carrier operating procedures outlined in the precarrier
briefing discussed in Chapter 5 shall be completed
within 10 days of carrier qualification/currency carrier
landings.

CARRIER QUALIFICATIONS

6.2.1 Definitions
1. Initial carrier qualifications — Pilot’s first day/
night carrier qualification.
2. Requalification — Pilot’s day/night currency
exceeds 12 months in type/model/series. Initial
carrier qualification requirements apply, unless
otherwise specified in paragraph 6.2.

6.1.2 Postflight Debriefing. The controlling
LSO shall debrief pilots as soon as practicable after all
carrier landings. During carrier qualification and currency carrier landing evolutions, the LSO should
debrief each pilot, if practicable, concerning his day
landing performance prior to night carrier landings.

3. Transition carrier qualification — First day/night
carrier qualification in type/model/series aircraft
for aviators that have previously completed initial
day/night carrier qualification in another type/
model/series aircraft (e.g., F-14 to F/A-18). Initial
carrier qualification requirements apply, unless
otherwise specified in paragraph 6.2. Transition
requirements between various series within a
type/model/series (e.g., F-14A to F-14B) shall be
determined by the cognizant typewing/FRS with
Force LSO concurrence.

6.1.3 Pilot Landing Trend Debriefs. The LSO
shall periodically debrief each pilot concerning his
carrier landing trends. Debriefs should be annotated on
the pilot’s Carrier Landing Trend Analysis sheet
(OPNAV Form 3760/7 1) or APARTS-generated trend
analysis forms. For squadrons or detachments crossdecking, the departing air wing staff LSO shall ensure
the relieving air wing staff LSO receives trend analyses
and written debriefs on all pilots in that squadron or
detachment.

4. Currency — Pilot meets the currency requirements of Figure 6-1.
6.2.1.1 Minimum
Landings
Transition, and Requalification

6.1.4 Recurrent CV Procedures Training. The
LSO should conduct CV procedure training periodically
during extended carrier deployments. The training
should include, at a minimum, the following portions of
the precarrier briefing discussed in Chapter 5.

for

Initial,

6.2.1.1.1 Day Qualification
1. Twelve landings, ten of which shall be arrested.

1. Carrier configurations

6.2.1.1.2 Night Qualification

2. Communications and communications discipline

1. Eight landings, six of which shall be arrested.

3. Carrier operating procedures.
Note
A pilot attempting initial night qualification
shall fulfill all requirements for initial qualification even though he may have previously
completed day qualification only.

6.1.5 Special
Operations
Procedures
Briefing. The LSO is responsible for briefing procedures pertinent to special carrier recovery operations
(day/night EMCON, E-2 controlled approach, etc.).
6-1

ORIGINAL

NAVAIR 00-80T-104
DAY
DAYS SINCE LAST
DAY CURRENT

REQUIREMENTS
PRIOR TO A DAY LANDING

WEATHER

DECK

DIVERT
FIELD

CURRENCY
REQUIREMENT

1-14 days

FCLP not required

Ships mins

ALL conditions

N/R

1 arrested landing

15-29 days

FCLP refresher at the discretion of
the C.O.

TACAN mins

Relatively
steady(1), or

Divert
available

1 arrested landing

30-59 days

FCLP refresher(2)

TACAN mins

Relatively
steady(1), or

Divert
available

1 arrested landing

60 days to 6 months

FCLP refresher(2)

TACAN mins

Relatively
steady(1),
and

Divert
available

4 landings
2 shall be arrested(8)

Dual F/A-18A-D
and F/A-18 E/F
qualification
currency(11)

FCLP refresher(2)

TACAN mins

Relatively
steady(1),
and

Divert
available

4 landings in the least
current series, 2 shall be
arrested. 1 additional
arrested landing in the
other series if not already
current

6-12 months

FCLP refresher(2)

700/3

Relatively
steady(1),
and

Divert
available

4 landings
2 shall be arrested(8)

Dual F/A-18A-D
and F/A-18 E/F
qualification
currency(11)

FCLP refresher(2)

700/3

Relatively
steady(1),
and

Divert
available

4 landings in the least
current series, 2 shall be
arrested. 1 additional
arrested landing in the
other series if not already
current

Greater than 12
months

Refer to initial qualification

Refer to initial
qualification

NIGHT (3)
DAYS SINCE LAST
NIGHT CURRENT

REQUIREMENTS
PRIOR TO A NIGHT LANDING
OR NIGHT CAT SHOT(6, 7, 9)

WEATHER

1-7 days

None

Ships mins

ALL conditions

N/R

1 arrested landing
(T/G or arrested)(10)

TACAN mins

ALL conditions

N/R

1 arrested landing
(T/G or arrested)(10)

8-14 days

1. One day landing that day to
include a day cat shot

DECK

DIVERT
FIELD

OR
2. Two day landings, one of
which shall be arrested, one
day cat shot and not less than
one hour of flight time within a
36 hour period prior to the
night landing
Dual F/A-18A-D
and F/A-18 E/F
qualification
currency(11)

3. None, if the aircrew has had
one night arrested landing in
the other series in the previous
7 days.

N/A

Figure 6-1. Operating Criteria for Qualified Pilots (Sheet 1 of 3)

ORIGINAL

6-2

CURRENCY
REQUIREMENT

NAVAIR 00-80T-104
NIGHT(3) (Cont.)
DAYS SINCE LAST
NIGHT CURRENT

REQUIREMENTS
PRIOR TO A NIGHT LANDING
OR NIGHT CAT SHOT(6, 7, 9)

WEATHER

DECK

DIVERT
FIELD

CURRENCY
REQUIREMENT

15-21 days

1. Two day landings, one of which
shall be arrested, within a 36
hour period prior to the night
landing. This shall include one
cat shot(4) in the day light hours
preceding the night landing, and
not less than 1 hour of flight time
(day or night).

TACAN mins

Relatively
steady(1), or

Divert
available

1 arrested landing

Dual F/A-18A-D
and F/A-18 E/F
qualification
currency(11)

2. Two day landings, in that series,
one of which shall be arrested,
within 36 hour period prior to the
night landing. This shall include
one cat shot(4) in the day light
hours preceding the night landing, and not less than 1 hour of
flight time (day or night).

TACAN mins

Relatively
steady(1), or

Divert
available

1 arrested landing

22-29 days

1. Two day landings, one of which
shall be arrested, within a 36
hour period prior to the night
landing. this shall include one
day cat shot(4) in the day light
hours preceding the night landing, and not less than 1 hour of
flight time (day or night).

TACAN mins

Relatively
steady (1), or

Divert
available

1 arrested landing

Dual F/A-18A-D
and F/A-18 E/F
qualification
currency(11)

2. Once current in one series refer
to the 8-14 days, requirement 1
or 2 for the other series.

30-59 days

1. Four day landings, two of which
shall be arrested, within a 48 hour
period prior to the night arrested
landing. This shall include a cat
shot(4) and arrested landing during
the daylight hours immediately
preceding the night landing, and
not less than 1 hour of flight time
(20 minutes of which should be at
night).

Dual F/A-18A-D
and F/A-18 E/F
qualification
currency(11)

2. Once current in one series refer
to the 8-14 days requirements 1
or 2 for the other series.

N/A

700/3

Relatively
steady(1),
and

Divert
available

1 arrested landing

N/A

60 days to 6 months

Four day landings, two of which shall
700/3
be arrested, within a 48 hour period
prior to the night arrested landing. This
shall include a cat shot(4) and arrested
landing during the daylight hours immediately preceding the night landing,
and not less than 1 hour of flight time
(20 min. of which should be at night).

Relatively
steady(1),
and

Divert
available

2 arrested landings

6 to 12 months

Four day landings, two of which shall
1000/3(5)
be arrested, within a 48 hour period
prior to the night arrested landing. This
shall include a cat shot(4) and arrested
landing during the daylight hours immediately preceding the night landing,
and not less than 1 hour of flight time
(20 min. of which should be at night).

Relatively
steady(1),
and

Divert
available

4 landings
2 shall be
arrested(10)

Figure 6-1. Operating Criteria for Qualified Pilots (Sheet 2)
6-3

ORIGINAL

NAVAIR 00-80T-104
NIGHT(3) (Cont.)
DAYS SINCE LAST
NIGHT
CURRENT
Greater than 12
months

REQUIREMENTS
PRIOR TO A NIGHT LANDING
OR NIGHT CAT SHOT(9)

WEATHER

DECK

DIVERT
FIELD

CURRENCY
REQUIREMENT

Refer to initial qualification.

Subj: NOTES FOR PILOT CURRENCY REQUIREMENTS ICO LSO NATOPS FIGURE 6-1
Note 1 — Relatively steady deck is defined as less than 6 feet of ramp movement at the centerline (i.e., ±3 feet change in hook-to-ramp).
Note 2 — See Pilot Performance Evaluation in paragraph 5.4.
Note 3 — For currency purposes, a landing within 1/2 hour of sunset shall not be counted as a night carrier landing unless it is quite dark
due to cloud coverage.
Note 4 — For multi-piloted aircraft with two aviators qualified in model at the controls, catapult launches may be counted by both pilots for
refresher catapult shot criteria.
Note 5 — May be waived to 700/3 by OTC.
Note 6 — Day requirements are good for 36 hours after first night arrested landing.
Note 7 — A fleet experienced aviator whose intention is not to CQ may take a night cat shot if he has completed one day landing and one
cat shot during the 48 hours preceding the night cat shot, or 4 day landings within 72 hours.
Note 8 — Currency requirements must be completed prior to any landings with passengers.
Note 9 — The requirement for 1 hour of flight time does not apply to the night cat shot.
Note 10 — Night T/G landings are not recommended for currency unless operational necessity dictates.
Note 11 — See Dual F/A-18A-D and F/A-18E/F qualification requirements on page 6-6, paragraph 6.3.1, Step 10.

Figure 6-1. Operating Criteria for Qualified Pilots (Sheet 3)

Note
D Night touch-and-go’s are for CAT I
initial carrier qualification and not
intended for pilots who have night
carrier qualified before, nor are they to
be utilized for refresher/currency
where not specifically authorized in
Figure 6-1. Any touch-and-go is required to be a satisfactory pass in which
an arrestment would normally occur.
For aviators that have previously been
night carrier qualified in any type/
model/series aircraft, qualification requirements shall be reduced from eight
landings to six arrested landings.

by the type commander to utilize a
designated staff LSO. Requalification
of a fleet-experienced aviator may be
conducted by a designated staff LSO.
D Wing-qualified LSOs assigned to the
Naval Strike Test Squadron, Patuxent
River, are authorized to conduct day-only
transition carrier qualification and/or requalification of test pilots in lieu of a
training qualified LSO.
6.2.1.2 Waiver Criteria. The minimum requirements listed above may be waived by the type commander or his designated representative to not less than
four day and four night arrested landings for fleetexperienced aviators.* This waiver will be judiciously
granted, contingent upon pilot experience, demonstrated performance, and only upon recommendation of
the squadron LSO.

D Initial and transition qualification shall
be conducted by a designated training
LSO for that type/model/series aircraft. This requirement may be waived

______________________
*The term fleet-experienced aviators applies to individuals who have been carrier qualified and operationally current in the
same model aircraft within the last 4 years.

ORIGINAL

6-4

NAVAIR 00-80T-104
6.2.1.3 Training Command Instructors and
Students. As prescribed by Chief of Naval Air
Training.
6.2.2 Limitations
Qualifications

for

Initial

4. A minimum of eight day landings, six of which
shall be arrested, shall be completed prior to a pilot
participating in night carrier qualification. Following completion of the required minimum day
landings, the LSO may recommend to the carrier
commanding officer that the pilot participate in
night qualification landings. Participation in night
qualification landings in no way represents pilot
day qualification. The minimum arrested landings
for initial qualification remain 10 day and 6 night.
If the controlling LSO considers that a pilot’s
performance warrants additional landings, such
recommendation shall be made to the carrier
commanding officer.

Carrier

1. A qualifying pilot shall not exceed in any period
of continuous flight duty (crew day), as defined by
OPNAVINST 3710.7 series:
a. Ten arrested landings
b. Four night arrested landings

5. A minimum of two carrier landings, at least one of
which shall be arrested, the other a successful
touch and go (no bolters), and one catapult launch
shall be completed during the daylight hours
preceding night qualification landings. After
completing the first night qualification landing,
fleet experienced aviators* will be considered to
have satisfied this requirement for a period not to
exceed 36 hours for subsequent night carrier
qualification. The 36-hour rule does not apply to
CAT I pilots.

c. Six and one-half hours in the cockpit
Note
For E-2 and C-2 aircraft, the 6.5-hour rule
shall apply to left-seat time (pilot at the
controls) only.
d. Three flights.
Note
A flight begins with the first field takeoff or
carrier catapult launch and ends when (1) the
pilot makes his last arrested landing on the
carrier in that aircraft, or (2) makes a full stop
landing at a field facility. A CQ period that
ends with a divert or bingo shall be counted
as one flight.

6. Carrier qualification should be completed within
a 30-day period.
7. During the first night of initial night qualification,
qualifying pilots shall have a minimum of 20
minutes of flight time prior to their first night
landing of that night. This requirement is optional
on subsequent nights.

2. No longer than 5 days should elapse between the
last FCLP period and the first carrier landing.
When qualification will occur on board a carrier
with IFLOS installed, a minimum of three
IFLOLS FCLP periods shall be flown prior to any
carrier landing.

8. Carrier qualification for fixed-wing aircraft shall
be conducted within divert range of a suitable
shore facility airfield with not less than circling
minimums. If any part of the descent is IFR,
sufficient fuel must be included for a standard
instrument penetration and approach. It is the
responsibility of each participating unit to guarantee that valid Bingo information for their particular aircraft is available and in use aboard the
carrier.

3. Provided other operational limitations have not
been exceeded and upon the recommendation of
the controlling LSO, the carrier commanding
officer may waive daily landing limitations for
pilots who have been previously night qualified in
any T/M/S to the following:

9. All night carrier aircraft operations shall be
CATCC controlled.

a. Total arrested landings: 12

10. Multiplace carrier aircraft shall carry only a
minimum flightcrew aboard during carrier qualification landings. Qualification landings shall not

b. Total night arrested landings: maximum of 6.
6-5

ORIGINAL

NAVAIR 00-80T-104
delivered to the appropriate squadron commanding
officer or wing commander who will certify the pilot as
day/night carrier qualified. Copies shall be provided for
pilot training jackets and LSO files. Reciprocal acceptance between commands of carrier qualification and
LSO certification is authorized. The senior cognizant
LSO may recommend revocation of a qualification
anytime a pilot’s standard of performance is less than
satisfactory.

be conducted with qualifying pilots aboard other
than the pilot and/or copilot, unless dictated by
operational necessity, except for necessary transportation to/from the ship.
11. For qualification purposes, a landing within
one-half hour of sunrise or sunset shall not be
counted as a night carrier landing unless it is quite
dark (e.g., because of cloud coverage). The senior
cognizant LSO shall make this determination.

6.3
12. Carrier qualifications shall normally be conducted with a minimum ceiling of 1,000 feet and
3 statute miles visibility. When authorized by the
OTC, carrier qualification landings may be conducted with a ceiling of not less than 700 feet and
not less than 3 statute miles visibility.

CURRENCY CRITERIA FOR CARRIER
QUALIFIED PILOTS

6.3.1 Limitations
for
Currency/Refresher
Landings. In addition to the criteria established in
Figure 6-1, the following is applicable:
1. Minimum currency requirements established
by Figure 6-1 do not imply adequate pilot
proficiency. Completion of additional landings
required for pilot qualifications, pilot proficiency, and operational readiness of embarked
units is the responsibility of the carrier commanding officer and air wing commander.

13. Carrier qualification should not be conducted with
recovery headwinds less than 20 knots or greater
than 40 knots.
14. Deck movement shall not exceed ±3 feet of ramp
motion. The decision to continue qualification
landings when deck motion exceeds ±3 feet rests
with the carrier commanding officer and senior
LSO recommendations.

16. During night CARQUAL, CCA shall utilize a
single frequency to control all aircraft in the
CARQUAL pattern.

2. Operating criteria of Figure 6-1 for multipiloted
aircraft shall apply to the pilot at the controls.
However, a divert field is not required if the
qualifying pilot has been night current within 59
days, both pilots are NATOPS qualified in model,
and one pilot is night current. Prior to a pilot’s first
exposure to IFLOLS, a minimum of one IFLOLS
FCLP period shall be flown before any attempted
carrier landing. This requirement is waiverable
only by the carrier commanding officer and CAG.

17. The LSO shall make timely divert recommendations to the air officer based on unsatisfactory pilot
performance or unsatisfactory CARQUAL conditions around the ship.

3. When FCLP refresher is required, unless unusual
operating circumstances dictate, no longer than 10
days should elapse between the last FCLP period
and the first carrier landing.

18. Aircraft or equipment parked forward of the LSO
platform shall not obstruct the LSO’s ability to
observe any part of the landing area.

4. In maintaining night currency, Mode I ACLS
approaches shall be closely monitored to ensure
that consecutive Mode I approaches do not
adversely affect pilot proficiency. Mode I ACLS
approaches shall not be used to regain night
currency once such currency has lapsed.

15. The number of aircraft in the pattern should be
limited to six.

19. The carrier commanding officer shall have the
authority to approve waivers or deviations from
the procedures contained herein.

5. Flightcrew composition for any currency landing
shall be at the discretion of the squadron commanding officer.

6.2.3 LSO Certification of Pilot Performance.
The cognizant LSO shall report orally and in writing
when individual pilots have completed day/night carrier
qualification. The originals of such reports shall be
ORIGINAL

6. Multiplace carrier aircraft should carry only a
minimum flightcrew aboard during carrier
6-6

NAVAIR 00-80T-104
(2) Full initial F-18E/F Carrier Qualification
completed

qualification landings. Qualification landings
should not be conducted with qualifying pilots
aboard other than the pilot and/or copilot, unless
dictated by operational necessity, except for
necessary transportation to/from the ship.

(3) F-18A-D CAT 4 with full initial Carrier
Qualification completed
(4) 30 hours PIC in the F-18A-D, waiverable
to 10 hours with AIRPAC/AIRLANT
approval

7. For currency purposes, a landing within one-half
hour of sunrise or sunset shall not be counted as a
night carrier landing unless it is quite dark (e.g.,
because of cloud coverage). The senior cognizant
LSO shall make this determination.

(5) Current NATOPS Qualifications in both
F-18A-D and F-18E/F
(6) One flight in both aircraft in the previous
14 days.

8. Night landings while at anchor shall not be used
to meet the currency requirements in Figure 6-1
without the specific approval of the carrier
commanding officer.

Once all of the above requirements are met an
aircrew can operate both the F-18A-D and the F-18E/F
in the carrier environment. Flight in either aircraft will
satisfy the 1 night trap in previous 7-day requirement.

9. For day or night currency landings, MOVLAS
may be utilized to recover aircraft if deck movement or stabilization limits preclude normal use of
the FLOLS within the limits of Figure 6-1. Use of
the MOVLAS in such circumstances shall be
predicated on LSO currency/proficiency in
MOVLAS control, as determined by the senior
cognizant LSO.

11. The carrier commanding officer shall have the
authority to approve waivers or deviations from
the procedures contained herein.
6.4

NORMAL RECOVERY OPERATIONS

The primary responsibility for determining acceptable pilot performance during the final approach to the
carrier rests with the LSO.

10. OPERATIONAL CURRENCY BETWEEN
F-18A-D AND F-18E/F. In order to be simultaneously current in both the F-18A-D and the
F–18E/F, the following conditions must be met.
A particular “background” is defined as one
complete fleet tour.

6.4.1 Personnel Requirements. The following
personnel are required on the LSO platform for day
Case I/II operations:

a. F-18A-D background
(1) Have greater than 30 F-18E/F hours PIC

1. A wing- or training-qualified LSO

(2) Full initial F-18E/F Carrier Qualification
completed

2. An assistant LSO (whenever available)

(3) Have completed full initial F-18A-D
Carrier Qualification or be in compliance
with F-18A-D Carrier Qualification currency requirements

4. A qualified enlisted hook spotter.

3. A qualified enlisted phone talker

The following personnel are required for night/Case
III recovery operations:

(4) Current NATOPS Qualifications in both
F-18A-D and F-18E/F

1. A wing-qualified LSO
2. An assistant LSO

(5) One flight in both aircraft in the previous
14 days.

3. A bookwriter (whenever available)

b. F-14A-D background

4. A qualified enlisted phone talker
5. A qualified enlisted hook spotter.

(1) Have greater than 250 F-18E/F hours PIC
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NAVAIR 00-80T-104
6.4.2 LSO Responsibilities. These responsibilities include:

The following personnel are optional for all recovery operations:

1. While embarked aboard the carrier, duty LSOs
shall keep the air officer informed of their
whereabouts during flight quarters.

1. The deck caller
When the CV (N) CO, CAG and CAG LSO desire
to use the deck caller position, it is to be manned
by a qualified LSO team member that has undergone proper training by the air wing staff LSO.
Specific responsibilities of the deck caller are:

2. Upon reporting aboard a carrier for carrier operations, the LSO should meet with the air officer and
CATCC officer to discuss the conduct of air
operations in the LSO’s area of responsibility.

a. Stand in a position visually in front of the
controlling LSOs with an unobstructed view
of the angle deck and signal if men or
equipment are in the landing area.

3. The senior embarked LSO is responsible for the
proper indoctrination and training of the LSO
phone talkers and hook spotters. Specific job
responsibilities for phone talkers and hook
spotters shall be defined by the senior LSO.

b. Signal an obstruction in the landing area (LA)
by raising his hand over his head

Additionally, the senior LSO on the platform shall
ensure the proper training and procedures of the
required enlisted watchstanders.

c. When all obstructions are clear of the LA, he
lowers his hand and moves behind the controlling and backup LSOs.

a. Enlisted PHONE TALKER — Has the primary responsibility for informing LSO’s of
the status of the arresting gear, weight setting,
wire run-out and wire number and shall be tied
into the arresting gear sound powered (6JG)
phone circuit. It is their responsibility to call
“foul deck” when gear is not in battery and any
aircraft is in the groove. The tone and volume
of these calls shall increase as the aircraft
nears the waveoff window. These calls shall
only cease when the deck becomes clear or the
aircraft is waved off.

The presence or absence of the deck status
caller is not an indication of clear/foul deck.
Clear/Foul deck status is signaled to the
LSOs by the AGO and handled per paragraph 6.4.4.
Used in this way, it is a direct indication to the
controlling and backup LSOs that the waveoff window
is either one hundred feet (obstructions in the LA) or ten
feet (no obstructions in the LA). If the landing area is
obstructed in any manner at the 100-foot waveoff point,
the controlling or backup LSO shall wave the aircraft
off. The deck caller shall not be used as an indicator
of clear or foul deck. The arresting gear officer is the
sole person designated to indicate clear/foul deck status
(LA clear, arresting gear in battery and set for the correct
aircraft), and signals this to all parties via the deck status
lights. When the deck is foul due to obstructions in the
landing area, the deck caller is only indicating that the
100-foot clearance waveoff window shall be used. If
the deck is not obstructed, the deck caller has no
function and moves out of sight. With no deck
obstruction, waveoffs are predicated on the conditional
factors of the approaching aircraft, but in no case will
the clearance be less than 10 feet if the deck is foul.
ORIGINAL

b. Enlisted HOOK SPOTTER — Responsible to
check aircraft at the 180 (Case I/II) or prior to
1 NM (Case III) position for proper configuration and call: “aircraft type, gear down, hook
up/down and good/flashing approach light.”
They shall be tied to PriFly, CCA, FLOLS and
ILARTS control rooms via sound powered
(11JG) phone circuit. The Hook Spotter shall
call “Lens set, aircraft type” for each
approach. They shall also notify the LSOs of
any FLOLS or ILARTS degrade or failure.
4. The senior LSO on the platform is responsible for
the conduct of all platform operations and ensuring all team members are thoroughly briefed
regarding platform procedures.
5. The senior cognizant LSO on the platform shall at all
times ensure that the assigned controlling and
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NAVAIR 00-80T-104
backup LSOs are of sufficient experience and
qualification level given the present operational
situation. Factors that should be considered in
determining controlling and backup LSO assignments include, but are not limited to, the following:

b. All lighting facilities for proper operation
(centerline, landing area lights and deck status
lights)
c. Radio check prior to each recovery (EMCON
permitting)

a. Day/night recovery operations

d. Relative wind indicator

b. Weather and environmental conditions (ceiling, visibility, winds)

e. Sound-powered phones
f. Windscreen operation

c. Deck motion
g. Escape net condition and evacuation route
d. MOVLAS proficiency (if MOVLAS in use)

h. Platform safety equipment

e. LSO platform equipment malfunctions (e.g.,
PLAT, HUD, radio)

i. Aldis lamp or spotlight (night only)
j. LSO HUD

f. Pilot proficiency/currency

k. PLAT/ILARTS on and adjusted.
g. Aircraft fuel state, aircraft with multiple
approaches

7. The air officer/LSO shall keep each other informed concerning conditions that affect the
recovery of aircraft, including malfunctioning or
inoperative equipment, aircraft emergencies,
wind and weather conditions, and ship’s trim and
list.

h. Aircraft malfunctions
i. LSO currency in controlling type aircraft
recovering

8. During recovery operations, LSO responsibilities
include the following:

j. Shipboard equipment malfunction (e.g., missing CDP)

a. Controlling all fixed-wing aircraft approaches
after the 180° position

k. Deck conditions (e.g., obscured lineup reference, static mistrim)

b. Ensuring that approaching aircraft are properly configured

l. Type of recovery operations (e.g., CARQUAL,
CARQUAL refresher, normal embarked operations, EMCON operations).

c. Monitoring the operation of the FLOLS and
crosschecking the approach radar/ILS glidepath angle setting

The senior cognizant LSO on the platform is ultimately responsible for balancing the need to conduct
LSO training with the operational realities of the current
situation. When conducting LSO training, close supervision by a wing- or staff-qualified LSO is required. The
supervising LSO, if not specifically functioning as the
controlling or backup LSO, may consider utilizing a
third UHF handset and/or pickle while conducting
training of junior LSOs.

d. Assisting in controlling aircraft that have
radio failure by flashing the cut or waveoff
lights in accordance with standard NATOPS
visual signals

6. The LSO shall make the following equipment
checks prior to recovery operations:

f. Monitoring wind-over-deck and deck motion

e. Whenever possible, maintaining visual contact with all aircraft in the Case I/II/III pattern

g. Assisting pilots through informative, advisory, and imperative communications to

a. Functional check of visual landing aids
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NAVAIR 00-80T-104
maintain approach
acceptable limits

parameters

until the completion of the approach, or at such
time the LSO elects to return the aircraft to
CATCC control.

within

h. Monitoring arresting gear settings, lens settings, and deck status

3. In the Case I/II pattern, the LSO shall monitor
each aircraft’s approach turn from the 180°
position. He shall immediately wave off any
aircraft that will fly too short a groove length. For
Case III approaches, the LSO should monitor each
aircraft’s CCA and be prepared to initiate
“Paddles contact” control.

i. Evaluating aircraft approach performance and
recording deviations for postflight pilot
debriefs
j. Determining acceptable aircraft performance
during the final approach, and waving off
aircraft that exceed or will exceed acceptable
approach parameter limits.

4. At the normal “Ball” call position (i.e., rolling
wings level in the groove for Case I/II, or at
approach minimums for Case III), when the pilot
has usable FLOLS or MOVLAS, lineup, and
angle of attack reference, the following shall be
transmitted (if not EMCON or ZIP LIP): Modex
number, type aircraft, “Ball,” fuel state to the
nearest hundreds pounds, “Auto”/“Coupled” (if
applicable). If the pilot does not have glideslope
reference (e.g., no ball, sun glare, or poor
visibility), then the call “Clara” shall replace the
ball call. If the pilot does not have usable lineup
information (e.g., wet landing area, sun glare, or
poor visibility), then the call “Clara lineup” shall
be transmitted.

9. The LSO should be familiar with the landing
characteristics of each aircraft under his control as
described in the individual aircraft’s NATOPS
flight manual. Additionally, he should have a
working knowledge of the effects of aircraft
malfunctions upon approach configuration and
speed, pilot workload, and flight characteristics.
10. It is the LSO’s responsibility to wave off aircraft
in sufficient time for the pilot to effect a safe
maneuver utilizing standard procedures. Waveoffs necessitated by poor pilot technique that
could result in an in-flight engagement shall only
be initiated by the LSO.

5. If the pilot is experiencing any aircraft difficulty
that may significantly affect his ability to fly a safe
approach and landing, he shall make every effort
to notify the ship (through CATCC, Marshal,
Tower, etc.) prior to final approach. In any case, he
shall inform the LSO of the difficulty at the “Ball”
call. Such difficulties are not limited to aircraft
configuration problems alone; loss of primary
attitude reference, angle of attack malfunction,
controllability problems, pilot vertigo, or other
difficulties that may necessitate additional LSO
assistance should be conveyed.

6.4.3 Recovery
Procedures
for
Final
Approach. The pilot shall be familiar with procedures pertaining to the carrier landing pattern and
approaches delineated in Chapter 5 of the CV NATOPS
Manual.
6.4.3.1 Specific LSO and Pilot Recovery
Procedures
1. Transition to LSO control occurs at the 180°
position in the Case I/II pattern, at 3/4 nm for a
Case III precision approach (1-1/4 nm for a jet/
1 nm for a turboprop nonprecision approach), or
upon transmission of “Paddles contact.”

6. The pilot shall report loss of meatball (i.e.,
“Clara”); if no timely amplifying verbal information is received from the LSO, he shall initiate his
own waveoff.

2. The LSO radio transmission “Paddles contact”
may occur any time during an approach when the
LSO visually determines that an aircraft requires
additional control to arrive within acceptable start
parameters. Once “Paddles contact” has been
transmitted, the LSO assumes control and
CATCC should refrain from further transmissions
ORIGINAL

7. If APC is disengaged or a Mode I approach is
downgraded, “Manual” or “Downgrading”
should be reported.
8. During ZIP LIP or EMCON conditions, or for a
NORDO aircraft, the LSO shall acknowledge
control of the aircraft on final approach with a
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NAVAIR 00-80T-104
steady (3-second) flash of the cut lights. In doing
so, the LSO is also acknowledging that the pilot
has meatball acquisition, lineup reference, and
angle of attack. Subsequent flashes of the cut
lights by the LSO command a pilot response of
adding power, the degree of which is indicated by
the duration of the cut light signal.

If at any time doubt exists as to the condition
causing a Foul Deck, in the interest of safety,
100 feet window SHALL be the default.
6.4.5 Optical Landing System Limits. The
LSO must be cognizant of the stabilization limitations
of the FLOLS. Stabilization limits vary with individual
FLOLs, pitch severity, pitch rate, and associated roll
and heave. The LSO shall consider utilizing MOVLAS
when FLOLS stabilization has, in the LSO’s estimation,
been exceeded. The recommendation to utilize
MOVLAS must take into account air wing MOVLAS
currency and response, LSO MOVLAS proficiency,
and all environmental conditions.

6.4.4 Foul Deck Waveoff. The waveoff point is
defined as a moving window through which the aircraft
passes and is the latest point where normal pilot
technique will result in a safe waveoff. Many factors
must be considered in determining this point, including
aircraft/engine performance, approach dynamics, and
environmental conditions (i.e., sink rate, angle of bank,
deck movement, visibility).
Foul deck waveoff responsibility rests equally with
the controlling and backup LSOs. Additionally, when in
the opinion of the air officer, the deck will remain foul
throughout an aircraft’s approach (i.e., arresting gear
malfunctions, personnel or equipment in the landing
area, etc.), he should advise the LSO via the 5MC, “No
chance, foul/closed deck.” The LSO shall immediately
initiate the waveoff using the FLOLS/ MOVLAS waveoff lights and a UHF radio transmission (EMCON
permitting).

6.4.6 Wind Over Deck (WOD) Requirements.
Optimum and minimum RHW information is contained
in Aircraft Recovery Bulletin Nos. 10-10, 26-, and
29-series. RHW should be maintained as close as
possible to the optimum velocity and the centerline of
the landing area.
CAUTION
The LSO shall immediately inform the air
officer of any adverse wind conditions
unsafe to aircraft recovery, and the air officer
shall inform the LSO of downwind recovery
situations. EMCON conditions permitting,
pilots shall be advised of adverse wind
conditions or downwind recoveries.

With an aircraft crossing the ship’s wake during
Case I/II operations, or with an aircraft approaching
3/4 nm during Case III operations, the controlling and
backup LSOs shall each raise their pickle switch arm
above their heads as a visual signal and reminder
anytime the deck status is foul (except for MOVLAS,
when the backup LSO is the only LSO to raise his arm).
The LSOs shall lower their arms only upon receipt of a
clear deck signal, or upon waving off the approaching
aircraft for a foul deck.

6.4.7 Safety Precautions. The LSO platform
shall be manned when directed by the air officer, and at
all times when he broadcasts, “Man all recovery
stations.” If access to the LSO platform is obstructed
(e.g., by turning aircraft spotted for launch), the LSO
team shall be readily available to man their recovery
station as soon as the area becomes clear. Once the LSO
platform is manned with the required personnel of
paragraph 6.4.1, the LSO shall report “manned and
ready” to the air officer. The LSO platform shall be
manned and ready prior to activation of the OLS for

During normal recovery operations, the LSO shall
initiate a foul deck waveoff such that normal waveoff
response will allow the aircraft to pass no closer than 10
feet to the landing area. If aircraft, personnel, or
equipment are in the landing area, the waveoff shall
prevent the aircraft from passing within 100 feet of the
highest obstacle in the landing area.

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NAVAIR 00-80T-104
Note

fixed-wing recoveries. Operation of the OLS for use as
a reference for V/STOL aircraft will not normally
require the presence of a fixed-wing LSO.

MOVLAS recoveries under EMCON conditions may result in mandatory LSO radio
transmissions because of safety-of-flight
considerations.

If, during launch or recovery operations, any part of
the aircraft strikes the ramp, aircraft, or equipment on
deck or ship’s structure other than normal flight deck
protrusions (crossdeck pendants, flight deck light
covers, ILARTS centerline cameras, PLAT heads, or
waist catapult ramp), no further effort shall be made to
effect a normal carrier arrestment. A divert or barricade
is required in this case.

2. When the MOVLAS is installed at station 1, turn
off the FLOLS source light to preclude double
images.
3. Monitor subsequent aircraft on final (especially
during Case III operations) to preclude multiple
aircraft from flying the same ball.

6.4.8 MOVLAS Training. LSOs shall acquaint
themselves and receive adequate training with the
MOVLAS ashore prior to using it aboard ship. To
maintain proficiency with the MOVLAS, air wing staff
LSOs should train air wing pilots and LSOs frequently.

4. After aircraft touchdown or when not under
positive control, the control handle should be
lowered to the full-down position, displaying a
low red ball, until the next aircraft is under LSO
control.

6.4.9 MOVLAS During Carrier Qualifications.
Use of MOVLAS for carrier qualifications, during
initial, transition, and refresher CQ is not prohibited.

The upper and lower MOVLAS power lamp on/off
switches enable/disable power to the upper and lower
three MOVLAS lamps, respectively. Placement of the
MOVLAS control handle to the full-up or full-down
position will display an amber ball or red ball,
respectively, if that power lamp switch is in the
ENABLED ON position. Conversely, placement of the
MOVLAS control handle to the full-up or full-down
position will not display a ball if that respective power
lamp switch is in the OFF position.

6.4.10 MOVLAS Operating Procedures. Positioning the MOVLAS ball to indicate proper glidepath
tasks the LSO’s ability to monitor all required safety
parameters concurrently (i.e., landing area, deck status
light, wind, aircraft glideslope, lineup, airspeed, PLAT,
MOVLAS repeater, pitching deck, etc.). LSO scan
breakdown can occur even under ideal conditions.
Added difficulty occurs when attempting to lead
pilot-induced excessive sink rates or when accentuating
ball movement. To optimize the safe recovery of aircraft
utilizing the MOVLAS the following procedures shall
be used:
1. EMCON conditions permitting, pilots shall be
advised when unplanned MOVLAS recoveries,
whether practice or actual, are in progress and
station location of the MOVLAS.

The lack of visual glideslope information for
aircraft not under positive LSO control (as
with the MOVLAS controller handle in the
full-up or full-down position and the respective lamp switch disabled) may result in an
unsafe deviation below glidepath if the pilot
attempts to correct for a perceived “Clara”
high condition.

During night/Case III recovery operations,
failure to notify pilots of MOVLAS recovery
may result in dangerous situations if pilots
respond to glideslope indications intended
for other aircraft.
ORIGINAL

5. Upon initiating a technique waveoff with the
pickle switch, the LSO shall immediately transmit
a “waveoff” over UHF and lower the MOVLAS
control handle to the full-down position.
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NAVAIR 00-80T-104
6. Caution shall be exercised when using station 3
(starboard side) because of scan breakdown
(especially with left-seat-piloted aircraft).
7. During night/no-horizon pitching deck operations, the only source of information concerning
deck movement or ship’s trim is the HUD ramp

motion indicator. The LSO’s ability to accurately
determine and present glideslope information via
MOVLAS is significantly reduced. Under this
circumstance, timely placement of plane guard
ship/helicopter or flares/light sonobuoys to give
an artificial horizon reference for the LSO is
recommended.

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NAVAIR 00-80T-104

PART IV

Emergency Procedures
Chapter 7 — Emergency Procedures

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NAVAIR 00-80T-104

CHAPTER 7

Emergency Procedures
7.1

INTRODUCTION

2. Loss of aircraft radio
a. Aircraft experiencing loss of radio in the
FCLP pattern shall discontinue FCLP and
land. The LSO shall signal clearance to land
with cut lights.

This chapter outlines the procedures to be followed
in the event of an emergency situation or an equipment
malfunction during FCLP or carrier landing operations.
It supplements the doctrine set forth in other NATOPS
manuals. Aboard ship, the LSO shall immediately
advise the air officer whenever a malfunction is
suspected or known so that corrective action can be
initiated. Shore-based equipment malfunctions shall be
reported to the commander fleet air detachment or
station operations officer, as appropriate.

b. For outlying field operations, bingo signal
shall be given if the controlling LSO wishes
the NORDO aircraft to proceed to the primary
field as briefed.
c. LSOs shall notify tower of the NORDO
aircraft.

The LSO (field) and air officer (at sea) should delta
aircraft in the landing pattern when an emergency
aircraft is within 3 miles of landing so that the
emergency aircraft has a clear landing area.

3. No approach lights — Aircraft without approach
lights shall be waved off, visually checked for
proper landing configuration, and directed to
make a full stop landing at night.
4. Aircraft at night with loss of exterior lights —
Aircraft without exterior lights shall be directed to
make a full stop landing. Other pattern aircraft
shall be advised of the position of the darkened
aircraft.

Note
Procedures described herein are intended for
use to safely recover aircraft already airborne. Every effort should be made to
correct existing malfunctions. Continued
operations under such conditions or with
malfunctioning
equipment
is
not
recommended.
7.2

7.3

SHIPBOARD EMERGENCIES

Whenever normal operating procedures are modified because of emergencies or malfunctions such as
those discussed in the following paragraphs, the pilot
shall be informed of existing circumstances and procedures being employed.

SHORE-BASED EMERGENCIES

7.2.1 FCLP Pattern Emergencies

7.3.1 Aircraft Emergencies

1. Loss of LSO radio

1. No approach lights — During night operations,
aircraft without approach lights shall be waved off
for a visual check of landing gear, launch bar/tow
link (if applicable), and hook status. The following exceptions apply:

a. If FCLP aircraft can continue in the landing
pattern under tower control, FCLP landings
may continue at the discretion of the controlling LSO.

a. For F-14 aircraft, simultaneous illumination
of at least one wingtip and at least one glove
position light may be substituted for an
approach light.

b. The bingo signal, when necessary, shall be
given by alternating waveoff and cut lights.
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NAVAIR 00-80T-104
light as an approach light; inability to confirm
aircraft configuration; degradation of depth or
range perception, associated with loss of normal
visual cues; and effects of autokinesis from a
singular aircraft light source. The LSO should be
aware of these potential problems and how they
may complicate his ability to provide proper
control of aircraft. The LSO shall positively
confirm aircraft type and configuration if any
doubt exists.

For F-14 aircraft, with nose wheel door
closed (e.g., gear up) the lower fuselage
forward anti-collision light can be mistaken
for a flashing approach light.
b. For all multicrew aircraft, except the EA-6B
aircraft, where cockpit configuration permits
at least two aircrewmembers to visually
confirm landing gear indications, verbal confirmation of “gear down and locked” may be
substituted for an approach light.

For aircraft without any external lights at night, the
LSO’s ability to provide timely control is severely limited.
The decision to recover an aircraft under these circumstances rests solely with the commanding officer.
7.3.2 Landing Aid Malfunctions

c. Verbal confirmation of “gear down and
locked” may be substituted for an approach
light for aircraft in extremis. Prior liaison with
the ship’s commanding officer shall be accomplished to identify what constitutes an
extremis situation.

1. Complete landing aids failure/damage
a. CARQUALS — Discontinue landings.
b. Deployed/refresher — The use of a divert
field, if available, should be considered. If
none are available and aircraft fuel state does
not permit delay:

2. Abnormal aircraft configurations — The LSO
shall verify with the pilot the exact configuration,
gross weight, and final approach speed of any
aircraft approaching in an abnormal configuration. He shall verify the lens setting and the
wind-over-deck requirement for the aircraft configuration/approach speed combination. He
should also rebrief the pilot concerning any
procedures peculiar to the aircraft in its abnormal
configuration (i.e., afterburner on touchdown, use
of DLC, etc.).

(1) Establish positive radio contact with each
aircraft that is commencing approach
(2) Primary control is by radio talkdown
(PRC-90 if necessary)
(3) Radio transmission shall be the primary
means of waveoff
2. Partial OLS failure/damage

When consulting the ARBs to determine the required head wind, the LSO and Air Officer should not
as a general rule add 6 knots as recommended as a note
in the beginning of each ARB without considering
adverse effects of higher wind conditions. Some aircraft
in certain abnormal landing configurations have better
flight characteristics under lower wind conditions.
Higher WOD could be detrimental.

a. CARQUALS — Discontinue landings.
b. Deployed/refresher — Rig MOVLAS and
continue recovery, with radio as backup.
3. When consecutive aircraft approaches result in
above or below glidepath conditions:

3. Aircraft lighting malfunctions (night) — At night,
abnormal aircraft lighting configurations because
of lighting or other aircraft malfunctions pose
many potential problems for the LSO. These
problems may include the following: misidentification or late identification of aircraft type;
misidentification of a navigation or other aircraft
ORIGINAL

a. CARQUALS — Discontinue landing until a
thorough check of OLS settings and monitoring equipment is made.
b. Deployed/refresher — Rig MOVLAS and
continue recovery, with radio as backup. A
complete check of the OLS settings and
7-2

NAVAIR 00-80T-104
monitoring equipment shall be made immediately upon completion of the recovery.

b. Deployed/refresher — Continue landings at
the discretion of the OTC.
3. Loss of aircraft radios

4. Malfunctioning landing aid stabilization under
steady deck conditions

a. CARQUALS with receiver

a. CARQUALS — Discontinue landings.

(1) Pilot shall be given landing instructions
and aircraft shall remain aboard when
arrested.

b. Deployed/refresher — Rig MOVLAS and
continue recovery, with radio as backup.

(2) PriFly shall transmit bingo fuel states
each time the aircraft approaches abeam.
The pilot shall acknowledge with a
wingrock.

5. Waveoff lights inoperative
a. CARQUALS — Discontinue landings.
b. Deployed/refresher — Continue landings
with radio transmission as primary means of
waveoff.

(3) If unable to get aboard, pilot shall initiate
own bingo when fuel state dictates.
Another aircraft should be designated as
an escort.

7.3.3 Communication Emergencies (General).
Visual communications to be used in the event of radio
failure or during EMCON shall be in accordance with
the CV NATOPS Manual.

b. CARQUALS with no receiver — Aircraft
should be diverted.
c. Deployed/refresher — With or without receiver, make normal approach and landing.

Note
The LSO shall acknowledge control of the
approaching aircraft by illuminating the cut
lights for 3 seconds at the normal meatball
acquisition point. Subsequent illumination
of the cut lights indicates to jet/turboprop
aircraft that a power addition is required.
Immediate power response is mandatory.

7.3.5 Communication Emergencies (Night)
1. Loss of LSO radios
a. CARQUALS — Discontinue landings. Give
delta or bingo instructions, as appropriate.
b. Deployed/refresher — The LSO shall inform
CCA via sound-powered phone of the radio
failure. The LSO shall accept control of each
aircraft from CCA via sound-powered phone
as the aircraft reaches approximate meatball
acquisition position. At this time, CCA shall
transmit to the pilot of each aircraft that the
LSO has assumed control of the approach and
the LSO shall use standard visual signals as
necessary.

7.3.4 Communication Emergencies (Day)
1. Loss of LSO radios
a. CARQUALS — Discontinue landings. Advise air officer to initiate delta or bingo
instructions, as appropriate.
b. Deployed/refresher — PriFly shall notify
aircraft in pattern that LSO radio is out and
transmit “Waveoff” if LSO uses waveoff
lights.

2. Loss of all ship’s radios
a. CARQUALS — Discontinue landings. The
senior officer of each unit airborne should
organize a flight of his unit members and
proceed to divert field.

2. Loss of all ship’s radios
a. CARQUALS — Discontinue landings. Use
visual signals with OLS or from LSO platform
to delta or bingo, as appropriate.

b. Deployed/refresher — Continue landings or
bingo at the discretion of the OTC. Use standard
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NAVAIR 00-80T-104
d. Deployed/refresher — NORDO aircraft without external lights and without a flight leader

visual signals on the OLS, or from the LSO
platform, or from PriFly, as appropriate.

(1) The pilot shall squawk the appropriate
code in IFF and commence a normal
approach, but shall not land without visual
acknowledgment by the LSO.

3. Loss of aircraft radios
a. CARQUALS
(1) Without receiver, pilot should be diverted.

(2) If visual acknowledgment is not received,
the pilot shall execute a normal waveoff
into the bolter pattern and expect pattern
priority and acknowledgment on the next
approach.

(2) With receiver, pilot shall be given landing
instructions and aircraft shall remain
aboard when arrested. CATCC shall
transmit bingo fuel state each time the
aircraft commences approach. If unable to
get aboard, pilot shall bingo when fuel
state dictates. Another aircraft should be
designated as an escort.

(3) After determining the aircraft will not
have any external lights, the senior LSO
shall recommend recovery/divert to the
air officer.

b. Deployed/refresher — NORDO aircraft with
flight leader
(1) The lead pilot calls “Ball” and receives
normal reply from the LSO.

Under these conditions, the LSO’s ability to
determine aircraft configuration and provide
assistance to the approaching aircraft is
severely limited. The decision to recover
aircraft under these circumstances rests
solely with the commanding officer.

(2) After receiving acknowledgment, the lead
pilot makes the appropriate light signal,
breaks off to the left, then parallels final
bearing, allowing the NORDO aircraft to
continue the approach visually. The
NORDO aircraft shall receive cut lights
from the LSO following breakaway.

(4) The cut lights, when used as an
acknowledgment signal, shall be given as
near the normal meatball reporting
position as possible.

(3) The lead pilot shall position his aircraft to
be rejoined by the NORDO aircraft in the
event of a bolter or waveoff.

7.3.6 Miscellaneous
LSO
Equipment
Malfunction. The LSO shall notify the air officer of
the malfunction or loss of any required equipment listed
in Part II, Chapter 4. The decision to continue recovery
operations with any required LSO equipment inoperative shall rest with the commanding officer.

c. Deployed/refresher — NORDO aircraft without a flight leader
(1) The pilot makes the approach with lights
as indicated in the CV NATOPS Manual.

7.3.7 Excessive Deck Motion. The decision to
continue flight operations during periods of excessive
deck motion must be made after considering many
factors. These factors include but are not limited to the
following: amount and rate of pitch, associated heave
and roll, day or night, visibility and horizon, air wing
and LSO proficiency, tanker and divert availability.
Although there are no hard and fast numbers to define
excessive motion, as a general rule, deck motion in
excess of 20 feet of pitch in anything less than 5 seconds

(2) The pilot squawks the appropriate code on
IFF.
(3) The LSO shall acknowledge positive
control of the NORDO aircraft by the cut
light signal. An aircraft with transmitter
only receives the same acknowledgment
as the NORDO aircraft. Without acknowledgment, the pilot shall execute his
own waveoff.
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NAVAIR 00-80T-104
of periodicity should be viewed as an emergency
situation. MOVLAS is the primary method of recovering aircraft during excessive deck motion, depending on
other factors previously mentioned. LSO workload will
be very high in these conditions. The LSO will most
likely be required to make nearly continuous voice
transmissions during pitching deck operations regardless of whether MOVLAS or FLOLS is utilized. The
LSO will most likely be required to utilize a steeper than
normal glideslope as well as to ensure adequate
hook-to-ramp clearance during extreme pitch cycles.

Recovery of fixed-wing aircraft during
pitching deck operations has a higher risk of
hard landings, ramp strikes, off-center engagements, and in-extremis low fuel states
airborne because of inability to get aboard
and lower overall boarding rate.
7.3.8 Ship Static Mistrim. Recovery operations
shall not be conducted under static mistrim conditions
which would result in hook-to-ramp clearances of less
than 10 feet for a normal pendant recovery or 8 feet for
a barricade recovery. For a pendant recovery, a change
in commanded hook touchdown point or, wind permitting, a higher FLOLS basic angle setting should be
considered to correct the low hook to ramp. MOVLAS
may also be utilized.

Note
A barricade recovery using FLOLS glideslope information under mistrim conditions
which preclude targeting of the optimum hook
touchdown point reduces the probability of
successful engagement. Under these
conditions, MOVLAS should be used.
7.3.9 Barricade Engagements. The LSO shall
verify with the pilot the exact configuration, gross
weight, and final approach speed of the aircraft to
engage the barricade. Based upon environmental conditions, he shall recommend to the air officer whether the
FLOLS or MOVLAS should be used for the approach.
If the FLOLS is to be utilized, the LSO shall verify
setting of a 4_ basic angle, the proper hook touchdown
point, and ensure hook-to-ramp clearance is at or above
the minimum of 8 feet. Additionally, he shall verify
wind-over-deck requirements for the planned gross
weight/approach speed combination.
The controlling LSO should brief the pilot concerning the following procedures:
1. Deck motion
2. Wind over deck
3. Importance of lineup/drift control
4. Importance of airspeed control/maximum engaging speed
5. Importance of glideslope control to touchdown
6. Loss of OLS in close (because of barricade
stanchions)

Under conditions of significant static roll
mistrim, without a defined horizon (night or
Case III), pilots may be prone to level their
wings with the listing deck and establish an
insidious lineup drift during the latter stages
of an approach. A lineup drift upon rollout
may also be aggravated.

7. LSO voice calls
8. Cut
9. Inability to execute late waveoff
10. Four-degree glideslope
appropriate).

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or

MOVLAS

(as

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PART V

Extreme Weather Condition Operations
Chapter 8 — Extreme Weather Condition Operations

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CHAPTER 8

Extreme Weather Condition Operations
8.1

ABSENCE OF HORIZON REFERENCE

When environmental conditions at night are such
that no visible horizon exists, consideration should be
given to utilizing a plane guard destroyer or helicopter
aft of the ship to provide a reference point for the LSO.
A series of Mk 58 marine markers placed astern of the
ship can also provide a useful reference.
Note

8.3

RESTRICTED VISIBILITY/CEILING
OPERATIONS

Recovery operations with ceilings as low as 200 feet
and visibility as low as one-half mile severely limit the
time available for the LSO to acquire the approaching
aircraft, evaluate aircraft type and configuration, and
provide assistance to the pilot. Under extreme low
ceiling/visibility conditions, the LSO should use all
available means to track and determine aircraft position
to facilitate LSO visual acquisition at greater ranges.
This may include use of LSO HUD SPN-42/46
information, close attention to CATCC CCA calls for
approaching aircraft, and aircraft illumination of landing/taxi lights. The LSO will frequently visually acquire
the approaching aircraft prior to the pilot having
positive reference to the landing environment (meatball
and lineup). Late acquisition of aircraft necessitates that

EXCESSIVE DECK MOTION

Recovery operations under conditions of excessive
deck motion are discussed in Chapter 7 of this manual.
8.4

Reflection of light from low ceilings may
induce pilot vertigo because of the perception of constantly changing horizons.
8.2

the LSO be prepared to provide immediate, concise,
meaningful voice calls to assist the pilot in getting to
stabilized approach parameters for recovery.

EXCESSIVE WIND-OVER-DECK
OPERATIONS

Turbulence and ramp burble increase significantly
with RHW values in excess of optimum, resulting in an
increased frequency of high landing gear loading.
Winds starboard of the angle also adversely affect
recovery conditions. The burble, aft of the ramp,
becomes stronger and moves closer to the ship as the
magnitude of recovery crosswind is increased. The
airflow disturbance requires corrective pilot technique
if the recovery crosswind exceeds 7 knots for all
carriers. Even with corrective pilot technique, sinking
speeds 3 to 6 feet per second in excess of those
experienced during normal (no recovery crosswind)
operations can be expected. For these reasons, recovery
headwind should be maintained as closely as possible to
the optimum velocity and the centerline of the landing
area. Shipboard aircraft recovery operations with recovery crosswinds in excess of those specified should
be avoided. Refer to Aircraft Recovery Bulletin
No. 10-10.

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PART VI

Communications
Chapter 9 — Communications

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CHAPTER 9

Communications
9.1

9.3

GENERAL

STANDARD LSO PHRASEOLOGY

The LSO shall possess a thorough knowledge of
visual and radio communication procedures as well as
complete familiarity with the operation of all available
communication equipment, including ACLS data link
if applicable. In addition, he should ensure that all pilots
under his cognizance are periodically examined on their
knowledge of visual communication procedures.

The LSO must on occasion use radio transmissions
to effect safe aircraft recovery. Calls that are too
frequent or verbose actually degrade pilot training and
performance. Safety of flight requires that pilots receive
short meaningful transmissions that can be instantly
understood. Figure 9-1 contains a listing of standard
LSO informative, advisory, and imperative phrases.

9.2

LSOs shall train pilots on these standard LSO voice
calls, their meanings, and the correct response to them.
LSOs shall adopt a voice call strategy that is primarily
limited, under normal conditions, to the calls listed
herein. Such a strategy will reduce pilot confusion or
misinterpretation of any nonstandard calls.

RADIO COMMUNICATIONS

Under normal recovery conditions, the LSO should
restrict his radio transmissions to the minimum
necessary to provide positive corrective signals to the
pilot during the actual approach. It must be realized,
however, that at some times (i.e., initial stages of FCLP,
excessive deck motion, restricted ceiling/visibility, etc.)
the number of LSO radio transmissions will be greater
than normal. Radio communications may be used for
airborne brief/debrief at the discretion of the controlling
LSO whenever the situation requires it. This includes
the pattern and final approach.

9.4

RADIO COMMUNICATIONS DURING
EMERGENCY SITUATIONS

During emergency situations such as loss of visual
landing aids, reduced cockpit visibility, excessive deck
motion, etc., the LSO will often be required to give
pilots a complete radio talkdown, providing lineup,
glideslope, and corrective information. The LSO should
brief the pilots as time permits on format for the
talkdown as well as expected pilot responses to calls.

The LSO should not permit perceived pressure to
maintain total radio silence during EMCON training or
ZIP LIP conditions to override his absolute responsibility for the safe recovery of aircraft.

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NAVAIR 00-80T-104
INFORMATIVE CALLS
Used to inform pilots of existing situations.
TRANSMISSION

MEANING

RESPONSE (Aircraft in
Manual Mode)

RESPONSE (Aircraft in
APC Mode)

“You’re (a little) high.”

Aircraft is (slightly) above
optimum glide-slope.

Adjust sink rate with power/
nose attitude to establish
center ball.

Adjust sink rate with nose
attitude to establish center
ball. (Avoid using in close.)

You’re (a little) low.”

Aircraft is (slightly) below
optimum glide-slope.

Adjust glide slope
immediately.

Adjust glide slope
immediately.

“You’re going high
(low).”

Unless corrected, aircraft
will go above (below) optimum glide-slope.

Adjust sink rate with power/
nose attitude to maintain
center ball.

Adjust sink rate with nose
attitude to maintain center
ball.

“You’re on centerline.”

Self-explanatory.

N/A

N/A

“You’re on glideslope/
glidepath.”

Self-explanatory.

N/A

N/A

“You’re on speed.”

Self-explanatory.

N/A

N/A

“You’re lined up left/
right.”

Aircraft has undershot/over- Reestablish centered lineshot centerline.
up.

“You’re drifting left/
right.”

Aircraft is drifting left/right of Correct lineup to centerline. Correct lineup to centerline.
center-line.

Reestablish centered
lineup.

“You’re (a little fast/
Self-explanatory.
slow).” (To be followed
by “Go manual” if
auto.)

Adjust nose attitude/power
to establish optimum AOA.

APC is not maintaining aircraft at optimum AOA. Disengage APC and adjust
power/attitude to maintain
optimum AOA.

“Roger Ball”
(“Auto”/“Coupled” as
appropriate).

LSO acknowledges pilot
has meatball acquisition,
lineup reference, and angle
of attack.

N/A

N/A

“Paddles contact.”

LSO assuming control from
CCA.

N/A

N/A

“The deck is moving/
down/up (a little).”

OLS information may be in- Adjust power and attitude
valid (to be followed by ad- under LSO guidance.
visory/imperative calls).

Adjust attitude under LSO
guidance.

“The deck is steady.”

OLS information is valid

Fly normal approach.

Fly normal approach.

“Winds are (slightly)
starboard/port/axial.”

Self-explanatory.

Monitor lineup to maintain
centerline.

Monitor lineup to maintain
centerline.

“You’re underpowered/
overpowered.”

Self-explanatory.

Adjust attitude and power
as required.

Not used.

“Ship’s in a starboard/
port turn.”

Self-explanatory.

Adjust lineup as necessary.

Adjust lineup as necessary.

“MOVLAS
recovery.”

MOVLAS is in use.

Fly published pattern altitude until “Roger ball”
received.

Fly published pattern altitude until “Roger ball”
received.

Figure 9-1. Standard Radio Phraseology (Sheet 1 of 4)

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NAVAIR 00-80T-104
ADVISORY CALLS
Used to direct pilot’s attention to potential difficulties and prevent possible control errors.
TRANSMISSION

MEANING

RESPONSE (Aircraft in
Manual Mode)

RESPONSE (Aircraft in
APC Mode)

“Keep your turn in.”

If angle of bank is not adjusted, the aircraft will overshoot the centerline.

Adjust angle of bank,

Adjust angle of bank.

“Check your lineup.”
(Start only.)

Aircraft lineup is not
optimum.

Correct lineup drift or position to maintain aircraft on
centerline.

Correct lineup drift or position to maintain aircraft on
centerline.

“Back to the right/left.”

Aircraft is drifting such that Correct lineup drift to reif drift is not corrected, it will main on centerline.
overshoot the centerline.

Correct lineup drift to remain on centerline.

“Don’t settle.”
“Don’t go low.”

Aircraft will settle below optimum glideslope if not
corrected.

Check sink rate and meatball to avoid settling below
glideslope.

“Don’t climb.”
“Don’t go high.”

Aircraft is on or above opti- Adjust power/attitude to
mum glideslope with insuffi- stop the ball from rising.
cient rate of descent to
maintain constant
glideslope.

“Don’t go any lower
(higher).”

Aircraft is maintaining posi- Adjust power/attitude to
Adjust attitude to make postion well below (above) opti- make positive correction to- itive correction toward optimum glideslope with insuffi- ward optimum glideslope.
mum glideslope.
cient or no correction.

“Hold what you’ve
got.”

OLS information is invalid.
Present rate-of-descent is
correct to maintain proper
glideslope.

Adjust power/attitude. Hold Adjust attitude. Hold
present rate-of-descent and present (optimum) rate-ofoptimum airspeed.
descent.

“Fly the ball.”

OLS information is valid.

Scan the lens and adjust
power/attitude to maintain
optimum glideslope.

Scan the lens and adjust attitude to maintain optimum
glideslope.

“Easy with it.”

Magnitude of power correction immediately preceding
this transmission is
excessive.

Reduce magnitude of
power correction to intercept and reestablish optimum glideslope and airspeed.

Reduce magnitude of nose
attitude correction to intercept and reestablish optimum glideslope and
airspeed.

“Easy with your nose.” Magnitude of nose attitude
correction immediately preceding this transmission is
excessive.

Reduce magnitude of nose
attitude correction to establish optimum aircraft
attitude.

Not used.

“Easy with your
wings.”

Reduce magnitude of
lineup correction to intercept and reestablish
centerline.

Reduce magnitude of
lineup correction to
intercept and reestablish
centerline.

Magnitude of lineup correction immediately preceding
this transmission is
excessive.

Check sink rate and meatball to avoid settling below
glideslope.

Adjust power/attitude to
stop the ball from rising.

Figure9-1. Standard Radio Phraseology (Sheet 2)

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NAVAIR 00-80T-104
IMPERATIVE CALLS
Used to direct the pilot to execute a specific control action. MANDATORY IMMEDIATE RESPONSE
TRANSMISSION

MEANING

RESPONSE (Aircraft in
Manual Mode)

RESPONSE (Aircraft in
APC Mode)

“A little power.”

Aircraft is decelerating or
settling.

Correct with power.

Not used.

“Power back on.”

Pilot has made an excessive power reduction.

Add power to maintain optimum glideslope/AOA.

Disengage APC. Add power to maintain optimum
glideslope/AOA.

“Power.”

Aircraft is low/slow.

Add power.

Disengage APC. Refer to
Note.

“Burner.”

Aircraft is extremely underpowered or in extremis.

Select afterburner power.

Select afterburner power.

“Go manual.”

Disengage APC.

Not used.

Disengage APC. Refer to
Note.

Increase nose attitude
(slightly) to establish landing attitude.

Increase nose attitude
(slightly) to reduce sink rate
or to establish landing
attitude.
Note applicable.

“Attitude.” (“A little atti- Manual: Aircraft nose is
tude.”)
low.
Auto: Aircraft is low/setting
or nose is low.
“(A little) right/left rudder.”

Aircraft does not have
enough right or left rudder
and will land yawed right or
left if not corrected.

Adjust rudder to return aircraft to balanced flight.

“(A little) right for lineup.” “(A little) come
left.”

Aircraft will land left/right if
not corrected.

Correct lineup to centerline, Correct lineup to centerthen level wings.
line, then level wings.

“Bolter.”

Self-explanatory.

Add 100 percent power and
execute bolter in accordance with model NATOPS
manual.

Add 100 percent power and
execute bolter in accordance with model NATOPS
manual.

“Waveoff” or “Waveoff, Self-explanatory.
foul deck.”

Execute waveoff in accordance with model NATOPS
manual.

Execute waveoff in accordance with model NATOPS
manual.

“Waveoff up the starboard side.”

Discontinue turning attempt to overfly the landing
area.

Execute waveoff in accordance with model
NATOPS manual starboard
of the landing area (island).

Execute waveoff in accordance with model
NATOPS manual starboard
of the landing area (island).

“Cut.”

Aircraft is in a position to
land.

For barricade recovery, retard throttle(s) to idle and
secure engine(s) once
safely on deck.

For barricade recovery, retard throttle(s) to idle and
secure engine(s) once
safely on deck.

“Speedbrakes.”

Speedbrakes are extended. Retract speedbrakes.

Retract speedbrakes.

“Extend speedbrakes.”

Self-explanatory.

Comply.

Comply.

Figure 9-1. Standard Radio Phraseology (Sheet 3)

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NAVAIR 00-80T-104
IMPERATIVE CALLS (Cont.)
TRANSMISSION

RESPONSE (Aircraft in
Manual Mode)

MEANING

RESPONSE (Aircraft in
APC Mode)

“Drop your hook.”

Self-explanatory.

Comply.

Comply.

“Drop your gear.”

Self-explanatory.

Comply.

Comply.

“Drop your flaps.”

Self-explanatory.

Comply.

Comply.

“Level your wings.”

Aircraft is in angle of bank.

Comply.

Comply.

“Downgrade.”

Disengage ACLS.

Disengage ACLS.

Disengage ACLS.

“DLC.”

Self-explanatory.

Activate DLC (down).

Activate DLC (down).

“Climb.”

Aircraft has boltered/waved
off but has not established
proper attitude/power for
positive rate of climb.

Adjust nose attitude to optimum, level wings, and maintain MRT (burner if required)
to establish positive rate of
climb.

Note
Aircraft is considered to be in manual mode
immediately after this call. Manual calls/
responses are subsequently applicable.

Figure 9-1. Standard Radio Phraseology (Sheet 4)

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PART VII

NATOPS Evaluation, Pilot Performance
Records and Aircraft Mishap Statements
Chapter 10 — NATOPS Evaluation
Chapter 11 — Pilot Performance Records
Chapter 12 — Aircraft Mishap Statements

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CHAPTER 10

NATOPS Evaluation
10.1 INTRODUCTION

3. Operation of MOVLAS and MOVLAS technique
(if installed at the command’s primary FCLP
facilities)

10.1.1 Concepts. The standard operating procedures prescribed in this manual optimize the safety and
efficiency of LSO operations. The NATOPS evaluation
is intended to evaluate compliance with NATOPS
procedures by observing and grading individuals and
units. This evaluation is tailored for compatibility with
various operational commitments and missions of both
Navy and Marine Corps units. The primary objective of
the NATOPS evaluation program is to assist the type
commander LSO in improving LSO readiness and
safety through constructive comment. Maximum benefit from the NATOPS evaluation program will only be
achieved through the active, vigorous support of all
LSOs.

4. Glideslope geometry/hook touchdown point calculations for field equipment, and FLOLS pole
check procedures.
5. Operation of UHF communications equipment at
command’s primary FCLP facilities
6. Shore-based arresting gear
7. Aircraft shore-based emergency landing characteristics/procedures (for each type/model aircraft
operated by command)
8. Course rules/FCLP procedures for command’s
primary FCLP facilities.

10.1.2 Implementation. The type commander
LSO shall supervise the implementation of the NATOPS qualification and evaluation program. Individual
evaluations are a prerequisite to certification for each
level of LSO qualification. Unit evaluations shall be
conducted by the type commander LSO during the
normal carrier workup cycle prior to extended deployment. Instruction in, and adherence to, NATOPS
procedures is the responsibility of the senior cognizant
LSO, and should be on a routine basis within each unit
to obtain maximum benefits from the program.

10.2.2 Field Experience. The LSO under training
shall receive sufficient field training under the supervision of a designated LSO to ensure the LSO under
training can safely control day/night FCLP operations.
He should also receive training in control of aircraft
using MOVLAS (if available).

10.2 FIELD LSO QUALIFICATION

10.2.4 Certification. Based upon a favorable evaluation from the senior squadron LSO and concurrence
from the air wing LSO/Marine air wing LSO, the air
wing commander/Marine air wing commander may
grant field LSO qualifications. A copy of the approval
letter shall be forwarded to the type commander. The
letter shall include a statement that the LSO has
completed initial formal ground training or has received
instruction in the required subject areas specified in
paragraph 10.2.1.

10.2.3 Field Evaluation. A designated LSO shall
evaluate the LSO under training’s ability to safely
control day/night FCLP operations (using both the
normal lens/mirror, LSO talkdowns, and MOVLAS if
available) prior to certification.

10.2.1 Formal Ground Training. Prior to certification for field qualification, the LSO trainee should
complete initial formal ground training at the U.S. Navy
LSO School. The trainee shall receive instruction in the
following subject areas from a designated LSO:
1. Operation of the Mk 8 Mod 1 Fresnel lens

10.3 SQUADRON LSO QUALIFICATION
2. Operation of Mk 8 Mod 0 Fresnel lens or Mk 9/10
mirror systems (if installed at the command’s
primary FCLP facilities)

10.3.1 Formal Ground Training. The LSO
should complete initial formal ground training at the
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NAVAIR 00-80T-104
U.S. Navy LSO School prior to qualification as a
squadron LSO. The LSO shall receive instruction in the
following subject areas from a designated LSO prior to
certification as a squadron LSO:

certification. Additionally, the senior staff LSO shall
evaluate the LSO’s ability to safely control day/night
FCLP and day/night shipboard recovery of aircraft
using both the Fresnel lens and MOVLAS (daylight).
Night shipboard recovery operations are not required
for squadron qualification in C-2 type aircraft.

1. Required formal ground training for field
qualification

8. Barricade

10.3.4 Certification. Once the above training requirements have been successfully completed, and
based upon a favorable evaluation from the senior staff
LSO, the air wing commander shall submit a letter
recommending squadron qualification to the type
commander. The letter shall include a statement indicating that the LSO has completed initial formal ground
training or has received instruction in the required
subject areas specified in paragraph 10.3.1. The type
commander shall forward a copy of the approval letter
to the Bureau of Naval Personnel (PERS 433) or
Commandant of the Marine Corps (Code MMOA2) for
entry into the individual’s permanent record.

9. MOVLAS technique

10.4 WING LSO QUALIFICATION

2. CV and LSO NATOPS Manuals
3. Aircraft launch procedures and recovery bulletins
4. LSO shipboard workstation and equipment
5. AN/SPN-41 and AN/SPN-42/46
6. PLAT/ILARTS
7. Catapults and arresting gear

10. Glideslope geometry/hook touchdown point
calculations

10.4.1 Formal Ground Training. The LSO shall
complete the initial formal ground training syllabus of
the U.S. Navy LSO School prior to wing LSO
qualification.

11. Received training in LSO trainer (device 2H111)
(as available)

10.4.2 Shipboard LSO Experience. The LSO
under training shall receive sufficient training under the
supervision of the senior air wing staff LSO to ensure
that individual’s ability to control a majority of the air
wing aircraft aboard ship in day/night and all weather
and deck conditions, without assistance, using the
Fresnel lens, MOVLAS, and LSO talkdowns.

12. Pilot debriefing techniques
13. APARTS computer program
14. LSO recordkeeping and trend analysis.
10.3.2 Shipboard Experience. The LSO under
training shall receive sufficient training under the
supervision of a wing-designated LSO to ensure the
LSO under training can safely control shipboard
recovery of one or more type aircraft under the
following conditions:

10.4.3 Written and Practical Evaluation. The
LSO shall complete a written evaluation covering the
subject areas discussed in the initial formal ground
training syllabus and administered by the senior air
wing staff LSO prior to certification. The senior staff
LSO shall evaluate the LSO’s ability to safely control
FCLP and shipboard recovery of air wing aircraft and
function as a watch team leader instructing proper
control techniques and platform strategy.

1. Day and night operations
2. Relatively steady deck
3. Fresnel lens and MOVLAS (daylight operations).

10.4.4 Certification. Once the above training requirements have been successfully completed, and
based upon a favorable evaluation from the senior staff
LSO, the air wing commander shall submit a letter
recommending wing qualification to the type

10.3.3 Written and Practical Evaluation. The
LSO shall complete a written evaluation covering all
areas of formal ground training listed in this chapter and
administered by the senior air wing staff LSO prior to
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NAVAIR 00-80T-104
10.5.6 Certification. Upon satisfactory evaluation
and recommendation by the senior training LSO, the
squadron commanding officer shall recommend training qualification via letter to the type commander
(training command squadron commanding officers
shall forward letters to the type commander, via the
training wing commander). The type commander shall
forward a copy of the approval letter to the Bureau of
Naval Personnel (PERS 433) or Commandant of the
Marine Corps (Code MMOA2) for entry into the
individual’s permanent record.

commander. The letter shall include a statement indicating that the LSO has completed initial formal ground
training. The type commander shall forward a copy of
the approval letter to the Bureau of Naval Personnel
(PERS 433) or Commandant of the Marine Corps (Code
MMOA2) for entry into the individual’s permanent
record.
10.5 TRAINING LSO QUALIFICATION
10.5.1 Prerequisites. The LSO shall have, as a
minimum, a Wing LSO Designation prior to commencing training for a FRS Training LSO qualification.

10.6 STAFF LSO QUALIFICATION
10.6.1 Formal Ground Training. The LSO shall
complete the advanced formal ground training syllabus
of the U.S. Navy LSO School prior to staff LSO
qualification.

Note
A Squadron LSO designation will suffice for
commencing training for a CNATRA Training LSO qualification.

10.6.2 Shipboard Currency. Prior to certification of staff LSO qualification, the LSO shall demonstrate, under the supervision of a staff LSO, proficiency
in safely controlling all air wing aircraft aboard ship in
day/night and all weather and deck conditions, without
assistance, using the Fresnel lens, MOVLAS, and LSO
talkdowns.

10.5.2 Formal Ground Training. The LSO shall
complete the initial formal ground training and FRS/
TRACOM formal ground training courses of the U.S.
Navy LSO School prior to training LSO qualification.
10.5.3 Classroom Training Experience. Prior
to certification of training LSO qualification, the LSO
shall demonstrate the ability to present the precarrier
briefing syllabus to pilots undergoing initial in-type
carrier qualification.

10.6.3 Certification. Upon satisfactory evaluation
and recommendation by the senior staff LSO, the air
wing commander shall recommend staff qualification
via letter to the type commander. The type commander
shall forward a copy of the approval letter to the Bureau
of Naval Personnel (PERS 433) for entry to the
individual’s permanent record.

10.5.4 Field Experience. Prior to certification of
training LSO qualification, the LSO shall demonstrate
the ability to safely control day/night FCLP operations
and conduct effective postflight debriefs with pilots
preparing for initial in-type carrier qualification.

10.7 CARRIER AIR WING PREDEPLOYMENT
LSO EVALUATION

10.5.5 Shipboard Experience. Prior to certification of training LSO qualification, the LSO shall
demonstrate, under the supervision of a training LSO,
the ability to safely control day/night initial in-type
carrier qualification landings and conduct effective
postflight debriefs.

10.7.1 General. In supervising the implementation
of the NATOPS qualification and evaluation program,
the cognizant type commander LSO shall evaluate the
LSO training program and team performance of each
carrier air wing prior to extended deployment. Training
air wings, reserve air wings, and fleet readiness
squadrons shall be evaluated at least every 18 months.

Note

10.7.2 Formal Ground Training Program
Evaluation. The type commander LSO shall administer a written examination to all trainee, squadron,
wing, training, and staff LSOs covering appropriate
material from the initial and advanced formal ground

Control of night carrier landings is not
required for training LSO qualification for
aircraft types whose mission does not require night carrier operations.
10-3

ORIGINAL

NAVAIR 00-80T-104
training syllabi and aircraft recovery bulletins appropriate to the specific ship and aircraft of the embarked air
wing. Designated LSOs shall demonstrate a working
knowledge of the examination material commensurate
with their level of designation. Failure to do so may
result in revocation of LSO designation at the discretion
of the type commander LSO.

liaison officer, U.S. Navy LSO School for Marine
LSOs); CNATRA (Code N333); and OIC, LSO School,
on the 15th of January, April, July, and October. The
remarks/recommendations column is used to identify
LSOs that are particularly qualified to advance in the
LSO pipeline. Comments should include estimation of
further qualification, identification of problem areas,
and recommendation for future assignment. The senior
LSO should debrief individual LSOs on their progress
toward further qualification at least on a quarterly basis.
Refer to Figure 10-1.

10.7.3 Shipboard LSO Team Performance
Evaluation. The type commander LSO shall evaluate the ability of the air wing’s LSOs to safely and
expeditiously control shipboard recovery of aircraft in
day/night and all weather and deck conditions using the
Fresnel lens, MOVLAS, and LSO talkdowns.

10.9 REMOVAL OF LSO DESIGNATION
When it is necessary to remove an LSO’s designation, the senior cognizant LSO shall make a recommendation to the LSO’s commanding officer. If the LSO’s
commanding officer concurs in the recommendation, a
letter shall be forwarded via the chain of command to
the Bureau of Naval Personnel (PERS 1651) or
Commandant Marine Corps (Code MMOA2) requesting such action. Commanding officers shall cite the
reasons for removing the LSO’s designation.

10.8 LSO TRAINING STATUS MATRIX
The LSO training status matrix shall be completed
by the senior air wing LSO, TRAWING LSO, FRS
LSO, or Marine air wing LSO on a quarterly basis. The
matrix is due to the type commander LSO with a copy
to Bureau of Naval Personnel (PERS 433) (or Marine

ORIGINAL

10-4

NAVAIR 00-80T-104

Figure 10-1. LSO Training Status Matrix (Sheet 1 of 2)

10-5

ORIGINAL

NAVAIR 00-80T-104

Figure 10-1. LSO Training Status Matrix (Sheet 2)

ORIGINAL

10-6

NAVAIR 00-80T-104

CHAPTER 11

Pilot Performance Records
11.1 INTRODUCTION

for which his command is reporting custodian, using
OPNAV Form 3760/7 1 (Figure 11-1) or by using the
APARTS (Figure 11-2). The pilot performance record
should be updated daily, reviewed and debriefed
routinely, and the pilot and his commanding officer
notified of any unsatisfactory trends. LSO logbooks and
pilot performance records are privileged and personal
documents. Extracts from them are authorized for
official use provided they are interpreted and compiled
by the LSO concerned.

The effectiveness and combat readiness of the
aircraft carrier depends on the overall efficiency of
carrier landing operations. To effectively carry out
assigned missions, each aviator must be able to perform
a carrier approach and landing within the standards set
for this evolution. The cognizant commanding officer
and air wing commander shall be immediately informed
about those pilots who display unsafe practices or
unsatisfactory progress. The LSO shall recommend to
the commanding officer or air wing commander either
additional field/carrier work or immediate grounding
and evaluation of those individual pilots concerned.

11.3.1 Automated Performance Assessment
and Readiness Training System. APARTS is a
computer software program designed to assist the LSO
in recording and analyzing pilot and LSO carrier
landing performance information. The system provides
various summaries for individual pilots, squadrons, or
an entire air wing. The results may be displayed on the
computer screen or printed out for a hard copy record
(Figure 11-2). Copies of fleet and FRS APARTS
programs, including operating manuals, may be obtained from the U.S. Navy LSO School.

11.2 LOG BOOKS
The controlling LSO shall maintain a field and
carrier logbook. Comments should be sufficiently
detailed to enable the LSO to give a comprehensive
debrief to the pilots concerned. The Landing Signal
Officer’s Log, OPNAV 3760/76 (5-87) (S/N
0107-LF-037-6390), may be used for documentation.
The Senior Air Wing Staff LSO shall ensure that all
COD shipboard approaches are logged in a separate
COD log maintained in the Air Operations office on
board the ship.

11.4 STANDARD LOG SYMBOLS
The following symbols are in common use for
recording comments concerning approaches/landings
during FCLP and carrier operations. The symbols used
in APARTS are also listed. If there is no corresponding
APARTS symbol, the space is left blank.

11.3 PILOT PERFORMANCE RECORDS
The LSO shall keep a smooth carrier landing trend
analysis for all pilots making carrier landings in aircraft

11-1

ORIGINAL

NAVAIR 00-80T-104

Figure 11-1. Carrier Landing Trend Analysis Form

ORIGINAL

11-2

NAVAIR 00-80T-104
SQUADRON: ALL

TREND ANALYSIS

AIRCRAFT: ALL

RECOVERY PERIOD: 9006021200 - 9006201200

DAY/NITE/ALL: ALL

PILOTS SELECTED: BALL, ROGER

MOVLAS: ALL RECOVERIES
CONTROL
ERRORS

GLIDE SLOPE AND SPEED ERRORS
DATE

GRADE

AW

X

IM

H

(H)

IC

AR

06/02D

(OK)

06/02N

WO

DEC

CD

06/02N

(OK)

SRD

B

06/04D

OK

06/06D

(OK)

06/07D

OK

06/07D

(OK)

06/08D

C

06/08N

M1

06/09D

—

06/15D

WO

06/15D

OK

06/16D

(OK)

06/16N

POWER

ATT
(NDTL)

LINEUP
WIRE
& WING OTHER
#
2

NEPIC

WO
DNTL

H

4
(DLIC)

3

RUFWIC

4

(B)
(SLO)
OC(H)

CD

(LO)

4

(/)

OCCOIC

CD

_EGIC_
EGAR

4
.

T1

(LO)
(B)

2

H
F

LULX
LULIM

4

LIG

WO
(S)

S

LO

LO

B

OCS

H

^

06/16N

—

SRD

H

\

06/18D

(OK)

F

F

06/18N

—

06/20D

(OK)

OCSLO

(OSX)

2

NEPAW

B

1
^AR
NDIC

B
1
3

TMPIC

ACC

DRWAR
LRWDIW

4

AA

2

TOTAL # OF APPROACHES – 18

Figure 11-2. APARTS Trend Analysis Form

11-3

ORIGINAL

NAVAIR 00-80T-104
11.4.1 General Symbols

SYMBOL
WO

APARTS
SYMBOL
WO

MEANING

WOP

Waveoff Pattern

OWO

OWO

Own Waveoff

TWO

TWO

Test Waveoff

TLU

TLU

Test Lineup

OK

_OK_

Perfect pass

OK

OK

Reasonable deviations
with good corrections

(OK)

Fair.
Reasonable deviations

—

––

C

B

_______

Waveoff

WOP

(OK)

SYMBOL

PATT

|

•

—

()

Parentheses around any
symbol signifies “a little”
(e.g., (F) means “a little
fast”)

ORIGINAL

APC/Auto

M1

Mode I ACLS (record in
grade column)

•

–

A dot between two
symbols indicates
(e.g., S• LUIC)

“on”

A dash between two symbols indicates “to” (e.g.,
HIM-IC)

SQUARE Comment [ ] A square around any
symbol indicates that a
signal was not answered
CIRCLE

()

Pattern

Mode I ACLS, uncoupled
after the ball call

Bolter

No count (used in grade
column)

PATT

APC/Auto downgraded to
manual

Cut. Unsafe, gross deviations inside waveoff
window

NC

MEANING

_Comment_ Underline.
For emphasis

(A)

No-grade. Below average
but safe pass

NC

APARTS
SYMBOL

Comment ( ) A circle around any
symbol indicates that a
signal was answered too
slowly
OC

11-4

When used as a prefix to
any symbol, “ ” indicates
“over controlled”

NAVAIR 00-80T-104
11.4.2 Descriptive Symbols

SYMBOL
AA

APARTS
SYMBOL
AA

MEANING

SYMBOL

APARTS
SYMBOL

MEANING

Angling approach

HO

HO

Hold off

ACC

ACC

Accelerate

LIG

LIG

Long in the groove

AFU

AFU

All “fouled” up

LL

LL

Landed left

B

Flat glideslope

LLU

LLU

Late lineup

C

Climbing

LO

LO

Low

B

CB

CB

Coming back to lineup

LR

LR

Landed right

CD

CD

Coming down

LTR

LTR

Left to right

CH

CH

Chased

LU

LU

Lineup

CO

CO

Come-on

LUL

LUL

Lined up left

CU

CU

Cocked up

LUR

LUR

Lined up right

DD

DD

Deck down

LWD

DLW

Left wing down

DEC

Decelerate

N

DL

DL

Drifted left

NC

NC

Nice correction

DN

DN

Dropped nose

ND

ND

Nose down

DR

DR

Drifted right

NEA

NEA

Not enough attitude

DU

DU

Deck up

NEP

NEP

Not enough power

EG

EG

Eased gun

NERD

NERD

Not enough rate of descent

Fast

NERR

NERR

Not enough right rudder

NESA

Not enough straight away

DEC

F

F

FD

FD

Fouled deck

NESA

GLI

GLI

Gliding approach

NH

High

NSU

H

H

11-5

N

NH
NSU

Nose

No hook
Not set up

ORIGINAL

NAVAIR 00-80T-104

SYMBOL

APARTS
SYMBOL

SYMBOL

MEANING

APARTS
SYMBOL

MEANING

OR

OR

Overrotate

TMA

TMA

Too much attitude

OS

OS

Overshoot

TMP

TMP

Too much power

Overshot coming back

TMRD

TMRD

Too much rate of descent

Power

TMRR

TMRR

Too much right rudder

Pitching deck

TTL

TTL

Turned too late

OSCB
P
PD

OSCB
P
PD

PNU

PNU

Pulled nose up

TTS

TTS

Turned too soon

ROT

ROT

Rotate

TWA

TWA

Too wide abeam

RUD

RUD

Rudder

W

RUF or

RUF

Rough

WU

RWD

DRW

Right wing down

XCTL

RR

RR

Right rudder

RTL

RTL

Right to left

S
SD

S
SD

W
WU

Wrapped up

XCTL

Cross control

^

Over the top

LLWD

Landed left wing down

LRWD

Landed right wing down

Settle
Spotted deck

SHT

SHT

Ship’s turn

SKD

SKD

Skid

SLO

SLO

Slow

SRD

SRD

Stopped rate of descent

LNF

3PTS

ST
TCA

ORIGINAL

ST
TCA

Wings

Landed nose

Landed 3 points

Fly through the glideslope
(going up)

Steep turn
Fly through the glideslope
(going down)

Too close abeam

11-6

NAVAIR 00-80T-104
11.4.3 Symbol Suffixes
APARTS
SYMBOL

MEANING

CCA

Carrier controlled approach

IM

IM

In the middle (middle onethird of the glideslope)

OT

OT

Out of turn (as aircraft rolls
wings level)

IC

IC

In close (last one-third of
glideslope)

AR

AR

At the ramp

BC

BC

Ball call

TL

TL

To land

IW

IW

In the wires

AW

AW

All the way

SYMBOL
CCA

X

X

SYMBOL

At the start (first one-third
of glideslope)

11-7/(11-8 blank)

APARTS
SYMBOL

MEANING

ORIGINAL

NAVAIR 01-F14AAP-1

5/(6 blank)

ORIGINAL

NAVAIR 00-80T-104

CHAPTER 12

Aircraft Mishap Statements
12.1 GENERAL

f. OLS — Intensity setting, lens settings, and
status of deck and drop lights.

It is incumbent upon the LSO to prepare detailed and
complete statements regarding aircraft mishaps. It is
recognized that the LSO is usually in the best position
to evaluate incidents culminating in carrier landing
mishaps. The following is an outline of items that are
pertinent to most CV landing mishaps. These items
should be used, when applicable, in the preparation of
LSO statements to aircraft mishap investigation boards.
Controlling LSOs shall be afforded access to the
PLAT/ILARTS tape (with sound) prior to preparing
their statements.
12.1.1 LSO Mishap Statement

3. Air Operations
a. Had the LSO advised to cancel flight operations prior to the mishap?
b. Were air operations canceled after the
mishap?
4. LSO Data
a. Type qualification, date received, aircraft
qualified to wave at the field or ship, and day,
night, and MOVLAS experience.
b. Date of last formal training.

1. Narrative
a. State, as you saw them, the events as they
occurred.

c. Time in LSO duty status for that day, physical
condition, and fatigue factor.

b. Include an explanation of your actions.

d. Warfare specialty, type aircraft qualified in as
a pilot.

2. Environmental Factors
a. Weather — Include both observed and LSOcalled.

e. Any other aircraft qualified in as a pilot,
cross-trained in, or received familiarization/
orientation flights in.
5. Pilot Performance

b. Deck conditions — Include list, dutch roll,
deck movement in feet, periodicity, and
heave.

a. Updated trend analysis from squadron LSO.
b. Narrative of the pilot’s specific trends.

c. Wind — Both direction and velocity, gusts,
wind shifts, shears, sink holes, turbulence in
the groove, and crosswind component.
d. LSO equipment — State what was working or
inoperative, and if all problems were passed to
the air officer. State if any of the inoperative
gear could have had an effect on the recovery.
e. LSO horizon — State what was being used as
a horizon reference (destroyer position, flares,
helo, nothing, etc.).

c. Comparison of pilot’s performance to that of
his experience-level peers.
Note
An Embarked Landing Hazard Report shall
be submitted utilizing the format contained
in OPNAVINST 3750.6 anytime any part of
the landing aircraft impacts on or below the
round down, personnel, or equipment in the
landing area, or for any other occurrences
considered appropriate.

12-1/(12-2 blank)

ORIGINAL

NAVAIR 01-F14AAP-1

5/(6 blank)

ORIGINAL

NAVAIR 00-80T-104

INDEX
A
Absence of horizon reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-1
Air Officer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2
Aircraft
crosstype training . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1
emergencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1
mishap statements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-1
Assignment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4
Automated performance assessment and
readiness training system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-1

B
Barricade engagements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-5
Briefing and debriefing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1, 6-1
carrier qualification/currency landing
procedures briefing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1
conduct of field carrier landing practice
briefings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3
pilot landing trend debriefs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1
postflight debriefing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1
postsimulator/postflight debriefing . . . . . . . . . 5-3
precarrier briefing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1
recurrent CV procedures training . . . . . . . . . . 6-1
simulator procedures briefing . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2
special operations procedures briefing . . . . . . 6-1

C
Carrier air wing predeployment LSO
evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-3
formal ground training program
evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-3
general . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-3
shipboard LSO team performance
evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-4
Carrier qualification/currency landing
procedures briefing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1
Carrier qualifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1
day qualification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1
definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1
limitations for initial carrier qualifications . . . 6-5
LSO certification of pilot performance . . . . . . 6-6

minimum landings for initial, transition,
and requalification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1
night qualification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1
training command instructors and students . . . 6-5
waiver criteria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-4
Circuitry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3
Classroom training experience . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-3
Command relationships and responsibilities of the
Landing Signal Officer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
air officer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2
air wing commander . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2
LSO training model manager . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2
ship/air wing commanding officer . . . . . . . . . . 1-2
squadron commanding officer . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2
type commander . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
Communication emergencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-3
Conduct of FCLP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5
Conduct of Field Carrier Landing Practice
briefings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3
Currency criteria for carrier qualified pilots . . . . 6-6
limitations for currency/refresher landings . . . 6-6
CV approach/departure procedures . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4

D
Datum, waveoff, and cut lights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4
Day
carrier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1
FCLP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1
qualification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1
Descriptive symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-5

E
Effective glideslope due to wind and deck
motion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Effects of
deck motion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
effects of temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Emergency procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Excessive deck motion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Excessive deck motion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4-7
4-7
4-2
5-4
8-1
7-4

F
Factors affecting LSO readiness . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2

Index-1
1

ORIGINAL

NAVAIR 00-80T-104

L

FCLP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4
conduct of FCLP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5
pattern emergencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1
performance records . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5
personnel requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4
preflight briefing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4
traffic pattern control responsibilities . . . . . . . 5-4
Field evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-1
Field experience . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-1, 10-3
Field LSO qualification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-1
certification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-1
field evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-1
field experience . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-1
formal ground training . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-1
Field training . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1
Flight Deck Hazardous Duty Incentive
Pay (FDHIDP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4
Focal point and field of view . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3
Formal ground training . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1, 10-1
Foul deck waveoff . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-11
Fresnel lens optical landing system . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2
circuitry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3
datum, waveoff, and cut lights . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4
effective glideslope due to wind and deck
motion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7
effects of deck motion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7
effects of temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2
focal point and field of view . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3
general operating intensities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3
inertial mode of stabilization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5
line stabilization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4
optical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2
roll angle and hook-to-eye . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-8
stabilization limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-6
stabilization modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5
system condition indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4

Landing aid malfunctions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-2
Landing Signal Officer
command relationships and
responsibilities of the . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
role of . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
Limitations
for currency/refresher landings . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-6
for initial carrier qualifications . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5
Line stabilization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5
Log books . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-1
LSO
base console . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-12
certification of pilot performance . . . . . . 5-5, 6-6
designation category . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
designations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
greenhouse and radios . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2
heads-up display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-12
LSO training model manager . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2
mishap statement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-1
recommended minimum LSO requirements . . 1-5
responsibilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-8
seniority . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
trainee nomination procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
training status matrix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-4
vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2
LSO Designations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
LSO designation category . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
LSO trainee nomination procedures . . . . . . . . 1-3
upgrading procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
LSO trainer (device 2H111) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2
LSO Training Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1
aircraft crosstype training . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1
field training . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1
formal ground training . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1
shipboard training . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1

G

M

General operating intensities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3
General symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-4

Manually operated visual landing aid system . . 4-10
MOVLAS construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-12
Minimum currency requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2
Minimum equipment for field carrier
landing practice (FCLP) operations . . . . . . . . . . 3-1
day FCLP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1
night FCLP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1

I
Inertial mode of stabilization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5
Intensities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2
ORIGINAL

Index-2
2

NAVAIR 00-80T-104
Minimum equipment list for
shipboard operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1
day carrier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1
miscellaneous LSO equipment malfunction . . 4-2
night carrier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2
Minimum landings for initial transition and
requalification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1
Minimum number of FCLP periods . . . . . . . . . . 5-5
Miscellaneous LSO equipment
malfunction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2, 7-4
Mk 8 fresnel lens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2
MOVLAS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2
construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-12
during carrier qualifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-12
operating procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-12
training . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-12

N
NATOPS Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-1
concepts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-1
implementation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-1
Night carrier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2
Night FCLP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1
Night qualification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1
Normal recovery operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-7
foul deck waveoff . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-11
LSO responsibilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-8
MOVLAS during carrier qualifications . . . . . 6-12
MOVLAS operating procedures . . . . . . . . . . 6-12
MOVLAS training . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-12
optical landing system limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-11
personnel requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-7
recovery procedures for final approach . . . . . 6-10
safety precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-11
specific LSO and pilot recovery
procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-10
wind over deck (WOD) requirements . . . . . . 6-11

O
Operation and checks of shore-based
visual landing aids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2
Optical
characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2
landing system limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-11

P
Personnel requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4, 6-7
Pilot
landing trend debriefs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1
performance evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5
performance records . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-1
Pilot Performance evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5
FCLP performance records . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5
LSO certification of pilot performance . . . . . . 5-5
minimum number of FCLP periods . . . . . . . . 5-5
Pilot performance records . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-1
automated performance assessment and
readiness training system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-1
Pole check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2
Postflight debriefing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1
Postsimulator/postflight debriefing . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3
Precarrier briefing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1
Preflight briefing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4

R
Radio communications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-1
during emergency situations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-1
Recovery procedures for final approach . . . . . . 6-10
Recurrent CV procedures training . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1
Removal of LSO designation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-4
Requirements for LSO designation . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2
Restricted visibility/ceiling operations . . . . . . . . 8-1
Roll angle and hook-to-eye . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-8
Role of landing signal officer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1

S
Safety Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-11
Selection of LSO trainees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1
Ship static mistrim . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-5
Ship/Air Wing Commanding Officer . . . . . . . . . . 1-2
Shipboard
currency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-3
emergencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1
experience . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-2
LSO experience . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-2
training . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1
Shipboard emergencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1
aircraft emergencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1
barricade engagements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-5
communication emergencies (day) . . . . . . . . . 7-3
communication emergencies (general) . . . . . . 7-3

Index-3
3

ORIGINAL

NAVAIR 00-80T-104
communication emergencies (night) . . . . . . . . 7-3
excessive deck motion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-4
landing aid malfunctions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-2
miscellaneous LSO equipment malfunction . . 7-4
ship static mistrim . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-5
Shore-based emergencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1
FCLP pattern emergencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1
Simulator procedures briefing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2
Simulator training . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4
CV approach/departure procedures . . . . . . . . . 5-4
emergency procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4
Special operations procedures briefing . . . . . . . . 6-1
Specific LSO and pilot recovery procedures . . . 6-10
Squadron commanding officer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2
Squadron LSO qualification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-1
certification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-2
formal ground training . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-1
shipboard experience . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-2
written and practical evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . 10-2
Stabilization
limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-6
modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5
Staff LSO qualification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-3
certification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-3
formal ground training . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-3
shipboard currency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-3
Standard log symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-1
descriptive symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-5
general symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-4
symbol suffixes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-7
Standard LSO phraseology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-1
Symbol suffixes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-7
System condition indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4

T
Touchdown points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2

ORIGINAL

Traffic pattern control responsibilities . . . . . . . . . 5-4
Training command instructors and students . . . . 6-5
Training LSO carrier qualification (CQ)
requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2
Training LSO qualification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-3
certification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-3
classroom training experience . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-3
field experience . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-3
formal ground training . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-3
prerequisites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-3
shipboard experience . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-3
Type commander . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1

U
Upgrading procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3

V
Visual landing aids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
general . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mk 8 fresnel lens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
MOVLAS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Operation and checks of shore-based visual
landing aids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3-1
3-1
3-2
3-2
3-2

W
Waiver criteria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-4
Wind Over Deck (WOD) requirements . . . . . . . 6-11
Wing LSO qualification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-2
certification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-2
formal ground training . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-2
shipboard LSO experience . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-2
written and practical evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . 10-2
Written and practical evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-2

Index-4
4

NAVAIR 00-80T-104
LIST OF EFFECTIVE PAGES
Effective Pages
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Page Numbers
1 (Reverse Blank)
3 (Reverse Blank)
5 (Reverse Blank)
7 (Reverse Blank)
9 (Reverse Blank)
11 thru 16
17 (Reverse Blank)

Effective Pages

19 thru 23 (Reverse Blank)
25 (Reverse Blank)
1-1 thru 1-5 (Reverse Blank)
2-1 thru 2-2
27 (Reverse Blank)
3-1 thru 3-2
4-1 thru 4-16
29 (Reverse Blank)

Page Numbers

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5-1 thru 5-5 (Reverse Blank)

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6-1 thru 6-13 (Reverse Blank)

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31 (Reverse Blank)

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7-1 thru 7-5 (Reverse Blank)

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33 (Reverse Blank)

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8-1 (Reverse Blank)

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35 (Reverse Blank)

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9-1 thru 9-5 (Reverse Blank)

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37 (Reverse Blank)

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10-1 thru 10-6

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11-1 thru 11-7 (Reverse Blank)

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12-1 (Reverse Blank)

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Index-1 thru Index-4

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LEP-1 (Reverse Blank)

LEP-1(LEP-2
blank)
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ORIGINAL

NAVAIR 01-F14AAP-1

5/(6 blank)

ORIGINAL



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Source Exif Data:

File Type                       : PDF
File Type Extension             : pdf
MIME Type                       : application/pdf
PDF Version                     : 1.3
Linearized                      : No
Create Date                     : 2002:05:28 16:12:20
Producer                        : Acrobat Distiller 4.05 for Windows
Modify Date                     : 2002:06:20 11:17:48-04:00
Title                           : NAVAIR 00-80T-104
Subject                         : NATOPS LANDING SIGNAL OFFICER MANUAL
Author                          : ASI
Page Count                      : 120
Page Mode                       : UseOutlines
Page Layout                     : OneColumn

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