Halon Replacement For Airplane Portable Fire Extinguishers D6668 Madden 0511 BTP

User Manual: D6668

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Copyright © 2009 - 2011 Boeing. All rights reserved.
Halon Replacement
for Airplane
Portable Fire
Extinguishers -
Progress Report
International Aircraft Systems Fire
Protection Working Group Conference
Köln, Germany
May 11-12, 2011
Mike Madden
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2
Objective
Provide a progress report on development of BTP (2-bromo-3, 3, 3-
trifluropropene), a promising new environmentally safe Halon
replacement fire extinguishing agent
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Agenda
Halon Replacement Dates
Steps to Commercialization
BTP Performance
Agent Summary
Fire Extinguisher Installation
BTP Risks
BTP Near-term Steps
Summary
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Halon Replacement Dates
Proposed Requirement Lavatory Handheld Propulsion/
APU Cargo
New Design
(New TC Application)
EC Cutoff Date
ICAO
UL Standard
2011
2011
NA
2014
2016
2014
2014
2014
NA
2018
NA
NA
Current Production
EC End Date (incl. retrofit)
ICAO
UL Standard
2020
2011
NA
2025
2016
2014
2040
NA
NA
2040
NA
NA
Notes:
EC dates were adopted in March 2010 and published August 18, 2010; to be effective December 31 of the
stated year.
ICAO proposed halon replacement “resolution” adopted at ICAO General Assembly Meeting on October 6,
2010. Amendments to Annexes 6 & 8 in-work.
Underwriters’ Laboratory Standard 1093 to be withdrawn September 2014.
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Steps to Commercialization
Cup burner testing - 2002
Initial toxicity tests (Ames, cardiotox…) - 2002
2D ODP, GWP and atmospheric lifetime - 2004
Prototype extinguisher, near drop-in replacement for Boeing 1211 extinguisher - 2009
UL 711 5B pan fire tests - 2009
UL 711 cold temperature pan fire test - 2009
FAA MPS AR-01/37 hidden fire tests - 2009
3D model analysis of ODP and GWP - 2010
FAA MPS AR-01/37 seat fire toxicity tests - 2011
ASTM flammability tests (per NFPA 704) - 2011
Airplane material compatibility tests - 2011
Synthesis of BTP for toxicology testing - 2011
Publication of 3D ODP scientific paper
Complete toxicology testing
PBPK testing and modeling
Provide PBPK data to FAA for inclusion in AC 20-42D and FAA/AR-08/3
Additional BTP properties testing
US EPA TSCA inventory listing
US EPA SNAP approval
EU REACH approval
3.25” diameter bottle
UL 2129 fire extinguisher bottle tests and UL listing
ASTM standard for BTP
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BTP Performance
Initial BTP toxicity test results
Data from J Grigg & A Chattaway, “The Evaluation of Bromotriflouropropene
as a Halon 1211 Replacement”, NIST SP 984, June 2002
http://www.fire.nist.gov/bfrlpubs/fire02/PDF/f02114.pdf
Item Comments
Ames (mutagenic test) No effects noted
Human Lymphocyte
(chromosomal aberration) No effects noted
Cardiotoxic Dog Inhalation NOAEL .5%
LOAEL 1.0%
Preliminary Limit Test
(5% for 30 minutes) Some potential
anesthetic effects noted
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BTP Performance
Passed UL 711 5B and UL 2B cold temperature fire tests, December 2009
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BTP Performance
Passed FAA MPS AR-01/37 hidden fire tests at UL, December 2009
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BTP Performance
Passed FAA MPS AR-01/37 seat fire toxicity tests, February 2011
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BTP Performance
FAA MPS seat fire toxicity test results:
Agent Test Number HF 1-Minute
Average
(200 ppm limit)
HF 4.5-Minute
Average
(100 ppm limit)
Agent Used
(pounds) Discharge Time
(seconds)
BTP
1 47.8 23.9 1.85 3.2
2 65.7 34.5 1.76 3.8
3 88.2 47.7 1.55 2.9
Halon 1211
2011 tests
1 20.5 11.7 .64 2.1
2 20.4 11.0 .64 2.4
3 25.8 14.6 .57 2.0
Halon 1211
1999 tests
1 9.28 6.01 1.2 6
2 21.04 13.87 .8 4.5
3 19.83 12.92 .96 4.7
Data from FAA test data sheets
BTP HF levels below the MPS requirements,
and FE-36 and FM-200 levels
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BTP Performance
Test Results
ASTM D92 Flash point
(Cleveland open cup) None, vapor
extinguished flame
ASTM E659 Auto ignition
Temperature No ignition
ASTM E681 Upper and
lower flammability limits Non-flammable
ASTM D6668 Flammability
rating F=0
Passed NFPA 704 required flammability tests, March 2011
NFPA 704 flammability rating of zero
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BTP Performance
Non-corrosive to standard aircraft metals
No effect on standard aircraft plastics
No effect on standard seals or sealants
No effect on standard aircraft interior materials
BTP is compatible with typical aircraft materials
Passed Boeing aircraft materials compatibility testing, March 2011
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BTP Performance
3-D Modeling of BTP by Dr Wuebbles and Ken Patten of
University of Illinois (UIUC) completed Dec 22, 2010
Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model (WACCM) version 3.5.48.
Based on BTP emissions over land areas between 30N and 60N latitude:
Very short lived compound - 7 days.
Oxidizes in troposphere, where bromine is rained out.
0.0028 ODP.
0.005 GWP (100 year).
“BTP should be environmentally safer
than other likely choices of agents” Dr. Wuebbles
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Agent Summary
Agent UL 711
Rating Agent Weight (#) Total Weight
(#) Dimensions
(H x W x D) ODP GWP
(100 year)
Halon 1211 5 BC 2.5 3.93 17 x 4.8 x 3.25 7.911890 1
BTP 5 BC 3.75 5.6 15.75 x 5 x 3.5 0.00282
(3D -model) 0.0052
Halotron 1
(HCFC Blend B) 35 BC 5.5 9.3 15 x 5 x 4.25 0.01 177 1
FE-36
(HFC-236fa) 5 BC 4.75 9.5 15.9 x 8 x 4.5 0 9820 1
FM-200
(HFC-227ea) 5 BC 5.75 9.8 16.6 x 6.5 x 4.4 03580 1
1. World Meteorological Organization Report No. 52 – “Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion: 2010.” (Note that
Halotron ODP was rounded up from 0.0098).
http://ozone.unep.org/Assessment_Panels/SAP/Scientific_Assessment_2010/index.shtml
2. University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Report “2-Bromo-3,3,3-Triflouropropylene Ozone Depletion Potentials
and Global Warming Potentials” dated December 22, 2010, author Kenneth Patten and Donald Wuebbles. (Note
that ODP/GWP values vary depending on the assumed geographical distribution of BTP release. The latitudes
considered include the U.S. and EU).
3. HCFC -123 (primary constituent of Halotron 1) is subject to US production phase-out in 2015. Supply will be
limited to recycling after 2015 unless HCFC-123 is removed from the Montreal Protocol, or the Clean Air Act is
amended.
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Global Warming Potential (GWP) of Agents
1890
0.005 77
9820
3580
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
Halon 1211 BTP Halotron 1 FE-36 FM-200
GWP (100 year)
Agent Summary
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Agent Summary
Seat Fire Toxicology Test Results
HF 1 Minute Average
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Halon
1211
BTP
Halotron
1
FE-36
FM-200
HF (ppm)
Test #1
Test #2
Test #3
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Agent Summary
Seat Fire Toxicology Test Results
HF 4-1/2 Minute Average
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Halon
1211
BTP
Halotron 1
FE-36
FM-200
HF (ppm)
Test #1
Test #2
Test #3
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Agent Summary
LOAEL & NOAEL of Agents
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Halon 1211
BTP
Halotron 1
FE-36
FM-200
% V / V
LOAEL
NOAEL
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Agent Summary
Size and Weight Comparison of Handheld Fire
Extinguishers
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
Halon 1211 BTP Halotron 1 FE-36 FM-200
Size/Weight
Relative to Halon 1211
Size
Weight
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Fire Extinguisher Installation
Validation fit-check of 3.5” diameter BTP fire extinguisher was
conducted on Boeing production models
Diameter of existing production bottle used for BTP prototype
caused Interference on 737 models
Boeing is developing
a 3.25” diameter bottle
of the same volume BTP Halon
Halotron
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Example of a 737 installation (bracket is removed)
Fire Extinguisher Installation
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Example of a 737 installation
Fire Extinguisher Installation
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Example of a 777 installation
Fire Extinguisher Installation
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BTP Near-term Steps
Submit paper on 3D atmospheric modeling (ECD 3Q11)
Toxicology testing (ECD 2Q13)
Primarily subchronic, reproductive toxicity, PBPK, irritation
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Must pass all toxicity tests prior to SNAP/REACH approval.
Low volume production cost of BTP is high compared to Halon
and alternatives. Expanding BTP market beyond airplane use
will lower cost.
BTP Risks
Boeing considers the higher price acceptable for the following
reasons:
Allows retrofit of existing airplanes with minimal impact to airlines
Allows production incorporation with minimal cost and impact
Provides a long term industry solution that is safe for the environment
It is airplane safety equipment
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Per AC20-42D - Halon 1211, Halotron 1, and BTP are unsafe for use in
Boeing airplane flight decks and other small volumes.
AC 20-42D, Chapter 4.4b(3), (4) states that concentrations may be
adjusted to account for stratification…a report will be published at the
FAA Technical Center with method to adjust safe-use concentrations.
The report providing necessary guidance to show compliance has not
been developed or released.
BTP Risks
Need to reconvene the Handheld Working Group and
develop guidance material based on stratification
testing
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Summary
BTP does not have the environmental, size, or weight issues of existing
FAA approved halon replacement fire extinguishers/agents.
BTP is a promising, environmentally safe, drop-in replacement.
3D model validated near zero ODP and GWP.
Passed UL 711 5B, 2B cold temperature, and FAA MPS tests.
Passed Boeing aircraft material compatibility tests.
Boeing has funded toxicology testing and is working toward
commercialization of BTP.
Boeing’s goal is to replace Halon portable fire
extinguishers just one time, and with an
environmentally acceptable agent.
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Questions?
Contact:
Mike Madden
The Boeing Company
Mike.r.madden@boeing.com
425-342-2517

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