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IMT-2020 Channel Model (CM) Software
User Manual

Editors: Zhang Jianhua
Tian Lei
Mansoor Shafi

jhzhang@bupt.edu.cn
tianlbupt@bupt.edu.cn
mansoor.shafi@spark.co.nz

Document Version: V2.0
May 30, 2018

IMT-2020 CM_BUPT—— User License
Copyright(c) 2018 Zhang Jianhua Lab, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications.
The software platform is open and any person or group is allowed, free of charge, to obtain a
copy of this simulation software and associated help documentation files. Users are permitted
to use the platform without restriction. But users should subject the following conditions:
1. The above copyright notice and this permission notice should be admitted and retained in
any copy of the software.
2. The software platform is developed for research of radio channel. If any person or group
wants to apply the platform in industry or any other fields, Zhang Jianhua Lab of BUPT
cannot give any guarantee of the accuracy about the result.
3. The software platform is developed by Zhang Jianhua Lab of BUPT. We reserve all the
rights for the final explanation.

Contents
1 Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 1
2 Installation ........................................................................................................................... 2
3 Model Framework ............................................................................................................... 3
3.1

Data Flow ..................................................................................................................... 3

3.2 Graphical User Interface description ............................................................................... 4
3.2.1 Antenna parameter Input ....................................................................................... 4
3.2.2 System parameter Input ......................................................................................... 5
3.2.3 Parameters Input for advanced modelling components ......................................... 5
3.3 Antenna Configuration ................................................................................................. 6
3.3.1

Antenna Array Geometry ...................................................................................... 6

3.3.2

Antenna Response ................................................................................................. 8

3.4

Scenario and Layout ..................................................................................................... 8

3.4.1

Network Layout ..................................................................................................... 8

3.4.2

Description of supported propagation scenarios.................................................... 9

3.5

Path loss...................................................................................................................... 10

3.6

Large Scale Parameter ................................................................................................ 11

3.7

Small Scale Parameter ................................................................................................ 12

3.8

Channel Impulse Response......................................................................................... 13

4 Description of Output results ............................................................................................. 14
5 Running example ............................................................................................................... 15
6 Reference ........................................................................................................................... 16

1 Introduction
The Zhang Jianhua Lab of BUPT provides the MATLAB implementation of the ITU-R
M.2412-0[1] channel document. The channel modeling method and principle are explained in
[JSAC][2] and detailed parameters and scenarios are described in [ITU-R M. 2412-0].The
software is named as IMT-2020 CM_BUPT. It is a multi-link simulation platform which can
generate a radio channel information between multiple Base Stations and multiple User
Terminals. This document will describe the framework of the simulation software in detail and
give some instruction about the function applied in the model. The more specific scenarios of
channel model and parameters can be found in the ITU-R M.2412-0.
In IMT-2020 CM_BUPT, users can choose the model A or model B provided in ITU-R M.24120. All the scenario parameters are loaded in the platform. And users can set the number of
antennas and choose the type of them. Channel matrices can be generated for multiple BS-UT
links. And the path loss component is also included.
It should be noticed that the output of platform is the channel matrices. If users want the middle
variable, other operations may need, which are beyond the scope of the implemented channel
model.

2 Installation
IMT-2020 CM_BUPT simulation platform is based on the MATLAB software. The users have
to install a MATLAB software in their computers. In our test in fact, the test system is Windows
7 x64 and the MATLAB version is R2016b. The main function is “IMT-2020_CM_BUPTv2.p”.
Users can run the platform by “IMT-2020_CM_BUPTv2.p” or “IMT-2020_CM_BUPTv2.fig”.
The function includes the following modules:
%% IMT-2020 Channel Model Software
%% Copyright:Zhang Jianhua Lab, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications
(BUPT)
%% Editor:Zhang Jianhua (ZJH), Tian Lei (TL)
%% Version: 2.0 Date: May. 30, 2018
%% Antenna Configuration
%
AntennaModelBs
- Bs antenna pattern and calculate the antenna
%
AntennaModelUt
- Ut antenna pattern and calculate the antenna
%
AntennaArray
- Antenna type and how to place the antenna element
%
%% Scenario and Layout
%
Scenario
- Set the ITU-R M.2412-0 test environment parameters
%
Layout
- Generate the network information about BS and UT
%
UtPosdistribution - User's distribution
%
WrapAround
- Link information after wrapping
%
%% Path loss
%
GeneratePathloss
- Generate the path loss of links
%
LOSprobability
- Determine whether the LOS link
%
%% Channel Parameters
%
GenerateLSP
- Generate the large scale parameters
%
GenerateSSP
- Generate the small scale parameters
%
RayAngleOffset
- Set the fixed offset of cluster angle to ray angle
%
%% Channel impulse response
%
GenerateCIR
- Generate the channel impulse response
%
%% Utility functions
%
RMSDelaySpread
- Calculate the delay spread
%
AngleSpread
- Calculate the angle spread
%
prin_value_azimuth - Limit the azimuth angle to -180:180 degrees
%
prin_value_zenith - Limit the zenith angle to 0:180 degrees
%
%% Advanced functions
2

%
Blockage
%
GenerateCIR_SC
%
GenerateSSP_SC
%
%% Test Example
% test

3
3.1

-add blockage loss for per link according to blockage model B
- Generate the channel impulse response using spatial consistency
- Generate the small scale parameters using spatial consistency

- An example about how to create a simulation

Model Framework
Data Flow

The CM implementation structure is shown in the block diagram given in Figure 1. The core of
the platform is to generate channel impulse response which contains three main modules. And
the three main modules are antenna module, layout and scenario module and path loss module
respectively. The antenna module aims to give the antenna locations and antenna responses.
Different network layout which contains information of BSs and UTs, as well as parameters
configuration in different scenarios, such as UMa, UMi and O2I is determined in the layout and
scenario module. The path loss module can be modeled as a separate user-supplied function
which aims to give the path loss and standard deviation of shadow fading per link.
The main data flow of the CM platform can be seen in the Figure 1. Input and output arguments
are defined in more detail in the following section.

Antenna
Module

Layout
and
Scenario
Module

INPUT

Number and type of
antenna,
carrier wavelength

Antenna direction
angle

fixpar
layoutpar

AntennaArray.m

AntennaModel.m

GeneratePathloss.m

OUTPUT

Position
information per
antenna element

Antenna gain
in different
direction

INPUT

OUTPUT

Frequcency,Scenario,
model type,user
numbers,etc

fixpar

Layout.m

Scenario.m
(UMA/UMI/RMA
INH/O2I)

OUTPUT

GenerateCIR.m

GenerateLSP.m

sigmas

Pathloss
SF_sigma

GenerateSSP.m

OUTPUT

layoutpar

Figure 1 The structure and data flow of CM platform

Path Loss
Module

3.2 Graphical User Interface description
The file “IMT-2020_CM_BUPTv2.fig” is the interface of the platform. Users can directly open
this file to configure the simulation parameters and run the platform. The Graphical User
Interface (GUI) of IMT-2020_CM_BUPT v2.0 is shown in Figure. 2.

Figure 2 GUI of IMT-2020_CM_BUPT v2.0

3.2.1

Antenna parameter Input

The Ut antenna is set to be a single vertical-polarized omnidirectional antenna. The Bs antenna
can be configured according to the specific requirement. For the description of specific
parameters, you can refer to ITU-R M.2412 Page31.
Table 1 Antenna parameter configuration
Parameter name
ULA/UPA
Mg
Ng

Description

Note

Choice of
ULA/UPA
Number of antenna
panel rows
Number of antenna
panel columns

When ULA selected, Mg, Ng, N will be
automatically set to 1
-

Number of antenna
element rows

Number of antenna
element columns

dgH

The horizontal
distance between the
antenna panel

dgH should be greater than dH*(N-1)
the unit is the length of wavelength.

dgV

The vertical distance
between the antenna
panel

dgV should be greater than dV*(M-1)
the unit is the length of wavelength.
the unit is the length of wavelength.

The horizontal
distance between the
antenna unit

the unit is the length of wavelength.

The vertical distance
between the antenna
unit

Choice of
polarization
Antenna downtilt
angle

Single and dual polarization options

Polarization
Downtilt Angle

3.2.2 System parameter Input
The system parameters which are needed to be configured by users, are listed in Table 2.
Table 2 System parameter configuration
Parameter name

Description

Scenario

Choice of scenario

Number of Bs
Number of Ut
Center frequency
Simulation times
Bandwidth
Number of sample
points

Note
According to ITU-R M.2412, the optional
scenarios are included in the popup menu
According to the actual situation, the
common used numbers of base stations
are included in the popup menu
-

Number of base
stations within the
base station
Number of user
terminal
Center frequency
Simulation times
Bandwidth
Number of
sampling points

3.2.3 Parameters Input for advanced modelling components
5

Three advanced modelling components are implemented in the platform, which are “Spatial
Consistency” and “Blockage”.
Spatial Consistency Simulation Configuration
The spatial consistency part of this program is only applicable to the case of a single link.
When spatial consistency is selected, the ‘Number of Bs’ and ‘Number of Ut’ will be
automatically set to 1.
Table 3 Parameter description for spatial consistency
Parameter name

Number of points

Delta d

Velocity vector

Description

Note

Set the number of
inflection points
in the Ut moving
route.
Set distance
resolution

Vector of velocity

Should be less than 1 meter
Each inflection point contains 3 parameters.
The speed, horizontal moving direction, and
vertical moving direction are respectively.
The unit of speed is m/s.
The unit of horizontal moving direction is deg.
The unit of vertical moving direction is deg.
The length of input should be equal to point*3.
e.g. 10 45 90 10 45 0
Just enter the value in order is OK.

Blockage Simulation Configuration
The blockage part of this program is realized according to the blockage model II in ITU-R
M.2412.
Table 4 Parameter description for blockage
Parameter name

Description

Note

Number of total blockers
Max blockers per user
Vehicle percentage

Set the total number of blockers within the base station
Set the maximum number of blockers for a user
The percentage of vehicle blockers in all blockers

3.3 Antenna Configuration
3.3.1

Antenna Array Geometry

The BS antenna is modelled by a uniform rectangular panel array, comprising Mg Ng panels,
as illustrated in Figure 3 [1] with Mg being the number of panels in a column and Ng being the
number of panels in a row. Furthermore, the following properties apply:
Antenna panels are uniformly spaced in the horizontal direction with a spacing of dg,H
6

and in the vertical direction with a spacing of dg,V.
On each antenna panel, antenna elements are placed in the vertical and horizontal direction,
where N is the number of columns, M is the number of antenna elements with the same
polarization in each column.
Antenna numbering on the panel illustrated in Figure 3 assumes observation of the antenna
array from the front (with x-axis pointing towards broad-side and increasing y-coordinate for
increasing column number).
The antenna elements are uniformly spaced in the horizontal direction with a spacing of
dH and in the vertical direction with a spacing of dV.
The antenna panel is either single polarized (P =1) or dual polarized (P =2).
The rectangular panel array antenna can be described by the following tuple

M

, N g , M , N , P

NOTE: The user antenna defaults to an omnidirectional antenna element.

dg,H
……
(M-1,N-1)

……

dg,V

……

(M-1,0) (M-1,1)

……
(1,0)

(1,1)

(1,N-1)

……
(0,0)

(0,1)

(0,N-1)

Figure 3 Bs antenna model [1]
More details about the function AntennaArray.m can be seen in Table 5.
The full syntax for AntennaArray function is:
AA=AntennaArray (Mg,Ng,M,N,dgH,dgV,dH,dV,lambda)
Table 5 Short overview of input and output arguments for AntennaArray.m
Argument
Default
Type
Description
Note
name
value
the number of panels in a
Mg
column
Ng
the number of panels in a row
the number of antenna rows in
M
a panel
input
the number of columns in a
N
panel
Antenna panel spacing in
dgH
horizontal direction
Antenna panel spacing in
dgV
vertical direction
7

Antenna spacing of one panel
in horizontal direction
Antenna spacing of one panel
in vertical direction

dH
dV

lambda

3.3.2

output

Wavelength of used carrier

Information of antenna array

The default
space between
adjacent
elements is
half
wavelength
-

Antenna Response

Antenna Response can be expressed by elevation angle  and azimuth angle  . The detailed
formulas can be seen from TABLE 9-11 in Report ITU-R M.2412-0. More details about the
function AntennaModel.m can be seen in Table 6.
The full syntax for AntennaModelBs function is:
AntennaGain=AntennaModelBs(phi, theta).
NOTE: User antenna gain defaults to 0 dB.
Table 6 Short overview of input and output arguments for AntennaModelBs.m
Argument
Default
Type
Description
Note
name
value
Azimuth angle of arrival
phi
or departure refer to each
-180:1:180
element
input
Elevation angle of arrival
theta
or departure refer to each
0:1:180
element
3D antenna element
AntennaGain
output
pattern

3.4

Scenario and Layout

3.4.1 Network Layout
CM implementation currently support system simulations for mutilple UT-BS links. So the
network layout includes information about: the height of the BS and the UT, the distance
between the BS and the UT, the LOS probability of the link, the frequency used in the
simulation, etc. Layout.m function almost defines all the parameters decided by users. After
8

implementing the function, all information required to generate LSP and SSP of each link can
be obtained. More details about Layout.m can be seen in Table 7.
The full syntax for Layout function is:
layoutpar=Layout(Input.Sce,Input.C, Input.N-user,Input.fc,Input.AA).
Table 7 Short overview of input and output arguments for Layout.m
Argument
Default
Type
Description
Note
name
value
Simulation scenario that
Sce
users choose
Elevation angle of arrival or
Currently support one
C
departure refer to each
1
BS
element
input
Number of subscribers for
N_user
all BS
The range of
fc
Carrier frequency in GHz
frequency is 0.5-100
GHz
Configuration of antenna
AA
array
Information of the network
layoutpar
output
layout

3.4.2 Description of supported propagation scenarios
The function scenario.m defines the necessary parameters of different propagation scenarios.
The supported scenarios of the platform are listed in Table 8. For details about the scenarios
definitions see Report ITU-R M.2412-0. The scenario-dependent parameter is currently
supported at center frequency of 0.5-100 GHz. More details about scenario.m can be seen in
Table 9.
The full syntax for path scenario function is:
fixpar=Scenario(Input.fc, layoutpar).

Scenario

InH
UMa

Table 8 Supported scenarios of the current platform
Frequency
Type
LOS/NLOS/O2I
Note
(GHz)
InH 28G(Optional)
LOS/NLOS
0.5-100
is provided
A/B
LOS/NLOS/O2I
9

0.5-100

UMi

LOS/NLOS/O2I

0.5-100

RMa

LOS/NLOS/O2I

0.5-100

Note: For model A, when 0.5 GHz  fc  6 GHz , the type of channel model is A1; when
6 GHzfc100 GHz , the type of channel model is A2.

Table 9 Short overview of input and output arguments for Scenario.m
Argument
Default
Type
Description
Note
name
value
fc
Carrier frequency in GHz
input
Information of network
More details can be
layoutpar
layout
seen from Layout.m
A structure contains
fixpar
output parameters of different
scenarios

3.5

Path loss

The path loss modelling is based on ITU-R M.2412-0. The path loss models and their
applicability, including frequency ranges, are summarized in Tables A1-2 to A1-5 and the
distance definitions are indicated in Figure 4.

hBS

hUT
d2D

Figure 4 Definition of d2D and d3D for outdoor UTs
The full syntax for path loss function is:
[Pathloss, SF_sigma]=GeneratePathloss(layoutpar).
The detailed description of parameters is shown in Table 10.
Table 10 Short overview of input and output arguments for GeneratePathloss function
10

Argument
name

layoutpar

Note

Define positions of
BS and UT, their
assigned antenna
arrays and gives links
of interest for
simulation.

layout.m

The function layout
parameters should be
defined by user. For
example, the range of
radius of cells and
street width should be
set.

Multiple-link path loss
is supported currently.

Putting SF sigma here
is convenient for
adding shadow fading
to the CIR later.

Description

input

Pathloss
output
SF_sigma

Helper
function

Type

The number is the
same as that in
Scenario.m

Note: The application for scenarios are supported in InH_x, UMa_x, UMi_x, RMa_x.

3.6

Large Scale Parameter

In the channel modeling, it is usually assumed that statistical parameters on the same link or
different links have certain relevance. Usually these parameters include shadow fading, delay
spread and angle spread. There are two different link correlations in the GBSM, one is the
correlation between communication links formed by the same BS and different UT and the
other is the link formed between different BSs serving the same UT. In the actual channel
modeling process, the former is usually referred to as intra-site correlation, and the latter as
inter-site correlation. In the standard GBSM channel model, it is common to measure, analyze,
and model intra-station correlations, without regard for inter-station correlation.
The parameters are shown in Table 11.

Table 11 Descriptions of Large-scale parameters
Type
Parameter symbol
Description
Shadow Fading, Log-normal Distribution
SF[dB]
Random Variable.
The Rice factor ,defined as the ratio of LOS
power to all NLOS power; if the link is
K[dB]
NLOS transmission, the value is ignored or
Statistical
assigned as 0 [  dB].
LSP
correlaton

parameers
Root-mean-square (RMS) delay spread.

 ASA  ESA
 ASD  ESD

UT angle spread, root-mean-square (RMS)
angle spread.
BS angle spread, root-mean-square (RMS)
angle expansion.

The full syntax for large scale parameter function is:
sigmas=GenerateLSP(layoutpar, fixpar).
The detailed description of parameters is shown in Table 12.
Table 12 Short overview of input and output arguments for GenerateLSP
Argument
Helper
Type
Description
Note
name
function
Define positions of BS
The scenario
and UT.
information
layoutpar
Layout.m
should be set by
users.
input
Extract the scenario
fixpar
information from fixpar
Scenario.m
for computing LSP.
sigmas
output Large-scale parameters
-

3.7

Small Scale Parameter

The small-scale fading parameters reflect the main characteristics of multipath clusters in a link,
including delay, power and spatial information. It directly establishes the connection with the
traditional GBSM channel modeling because all the delay and spatial information directly
reflect the scatters distribution information of the traditional GBSM. In addition, it should be
noted that these SSPs are also the key factors that reflect the characteristics of the entire wireless
channel. For example, the delay information determines the channel bandwidth of the entire
simulated channel, and the angle information determines the spatial spread information of the
entire channel.
The small scale parameters are shown in Table 13.

Type

SSP

Table 13 Descriptions of Small-scale parameters
Parameters symbol
Description
Cluster relative delay, generally obeying the
Τ N 1  [ 1  2  3 ]T
exponential distribution or uniform distribution
The average fading power of a cluster from the PDS,
PN 1  [ P1 P2  P3 ]T
is usually an exponential decay model.
Horizontal dimension AOA and AOD angle of ray
path from PAS, is generally Gaussian or Laplace
AOA
AOD
distribution; Each ray path in the cluster has the
Φ N M , Φ N M
same fading power and the ray angle is
symmetrically offset from the mean.
vertical dimension EOA and EOD angle of ray path
EOA
EOD
from the PAS, is generally Gaussian or Laplace
Θ N M , Θ N M
distribution.

HV
K VH
N M , K N M

The XPR of the ray path, is valid only for dual
polarized antennas, obeyed
log-normal distribution.

The full syntax for Small-scale parameters function is:
GenerateSSP(layoutpar, fixpar, Input.sim)
The detailed description of parameters is shown in Table 14.
Table14 Short overview of input and output arguments for GenerateSSP
Argument
Helper
Type
Description
Note
name
function
Define positions of BS
and UT, their assigned
layoutpar
antenna arrays and
Layout.m
gives links of interest
for simulation.
input
Extract the scenario
fixpar
information from fixpar
Scenario.m
for computing LSP.
sim
Number of simulations
Defined by users

3.8

Channel Impulse Response

Generate channel coefficients for each cluster n and each receiver and transmitter element pair
u, s and the channel coefficients are given by:
H

NLOS
u ,s,n

(t ) 

Pn
M

 Frx ,u ,  n, m, ZOA ,  n, m, AOA  



m 1  Frx , u ,  n , m , ZOA ,  n , m , AOA  



 Ftx , s ,  n , m , ZOD , n , m , AOD  

rˆrxT , n, m .d rx ,u

 exp  j 2

0
 Ftx , s ,  n , m , ZOD , n , m , AOD  



exp  j
n,m 

  1 exp j
 n, m 
 n,m


rˆtxT, n, m .d tx , s
 exp  j 2
0




 n , m 1 exp  j
n, m 





exp  j n , m 




rˆrxT , n, m .v
 exp  j 2
0




t



Note: The current version is up to the user to decide whether to add path loss and shadow fading. The
function of path loss is supported but it does not be added in the CIR. For LOS condition, see Report
ITU-R M.2412-0.

Considering that H uNLOS
, s , n (t ) is a constant function of the variable t, computers cannot represent
constant variable. So the platform samples CIR in the time domain according to Nyquist
sampling theorem. The number of sampling points is set by users. During a coherent time, the
sampling points of CIR are highly relevant. The number of sampling points during the coherent
time is 2. Besides, the coherent time is decided by Doppler shift.
The full syntax for channel impulse response function is:
GenerateCIR(fixpar,layoutpar,Input.sim,Input.BW, Input.T).
13

The detailed description of parameters is shown in Table 15.
Table 15 Short overview of input and output arguments for GenerateCIR
Argument
Helper
Type
Description
Note
name
function
Define positions of
The scenario
BS and UT.
information
layoutpar
Layout.m
should be set by
users.
Extract the scenario
information from
fixpar for
fixpar
Scenario.m
computing LSP.
input
sim
BW

Number of
simulations
Bandwidth of
simulations
Number of sampling
points of CIR in
time domain

4 Description of Output results
Outputs of the CM platform are saved in pre-established folder. The example of output is shown
in Figure 5:



Figure 5 Example of outputs of CM platform
Channel impulse response are saved in ‘H’ folder, CIR data consists of results of LOS link,
NLOS link and O2I link. The index of each link can be seen when load Channel impulse
reponse.The form of H is shown:
H=(S, U, N_cluster, T, link);
H is a Multidimensional matrix, S represent the number of transmit antennas, U represent
the number of receive antennas, N_cluter represent the number of clusters, T represent
14






sampling points, linkindex represent the number of links.
Layout parameters are saved in ‘LayoutParameters’ folder. Link information, such as
propagation condition of each link can be seen in ‘LinkArray’ matrix. ‘Bs_sector_index’
matrix represents information about each Ut belonging to which BS and which sector.
For ‘LinkArray’ matrix, the first row represents the link index, the second row represents
the Propagation condition. For example, 0 represents NLOS, 1 represents LOS, 2
represents O2I.
For ‘Bs_sector_index’ matrix, the first row represents link index, the second row represents
Bs index, the third row represent sector index.
The path loss information and correlated LSP parameters are saved in ‘LSP’ folder. Each
row of ‘sigmas’ matrix stores ASD,ASA,DS,SF,KF,ESD,ESA. Each column represents
each link. ‘Pathloss’ matrix stores path loss information.
Scenario parameters are saved in ‘ScenarioParameters’ folder. It is a structure consists of
some parameters defined in [1].
Small scale parameters of each link are saved in ‘SSP’ folder.

5 Running example
Here provides an example of the main procedure on generating coefficients of channel and
channel impulse response. In this example, the simulation frequency is at 6 GHz and UMi_A
is selected as the simulation scenario. The running results of CIR are stored in the folder ‘H’.
%% Channel coefficient generation for link with default settings.
%Create folder to store data
cd ./SSP;
delete *.mat;
cd ../;
cd ./H;
delete *.mat;
cd ../;
Input=struct('Sce','UMi_B',... %Set the scenario (InH_x, UMi_x, UMa_x, RMa_x)
'C',19,...
%Set the number of Bs
'N_user',570,...
%Set the total number of subscribers
'fc',6,...
%Set the center frequency (GHz)
'AA',[1,1,10,1,1,2.5,2.5,0.5,0.5,102],... %AA=(Mg,Ng,M,N,P,dgH,dgV,dH,dV,downtilt)
BS antenna panel configuration,unit of d and dg is wave length.
'sim',1,...
%Set the number of simulations
'BW',200,...
%Set the bandwidth of the simulation(MHz)
'T',10 );
%Set the number of sampling points of CIR in time domain
layoutpar=Layout(Input.Sce,Input.C,Input.N_user,Input.fc,Input.AA);
[Pathloss,SF_sigma]=GeneratePathloss(layoutpar);%Generate path loss and shadow fading.
fixpar=Scenario(Input.fc,layoutpar);%Generate scenario information.
sigmas= GenerateLSP(layoutpar,fixpar);
GenerateSSP(layoutpar,fixpar,Input.sim,sigmas);%Generate small-scale parameters.
15

GenerateCIR(fixpar,layoutpar,Input.sim,Input.BW,Input.T);%Generate the channel coefficient.

6 Reference
[1] Series M. Guidelines for evaluation of radio interface technologies for IMT-2020.
REPORT ITU-R M.2412-0, 2017.
[2] Jianhua Zhang, Yuxiang Zhang, Yawei Yu, Ruijie Xu, Qingfang Zheng, Ping Zhang, “3D
MIMO: How Much Does It Meet Our Expectation Observed from Antenna Channel
Measurements?”, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, vol. 35, no. 8, pp.
1887 – 1903, 2017.

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