Processor Tech Access, Vol One, Num Two Access_v1n2 Access V1n2

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Published by Wible/Rampton Advertising, San Francisco, Volume One, Number Two, April 1977

A Letter from the Editor
"Everyone should believe in something. I believe I'll have another drink." —
Steele's Plagiarism of Somebody's Philosophy
Welcome to issue #2 of ACCESS. I hope the first one was able to provide you with something
useful, after waiting so patiently for delivery. Wasn't entirely our fault this time, honest; we now
know from personal experience that mailing services have their gremlins too. Anyway, issue #2 is
now here and filled with goodies we hope you can use on your pet project.
One thing issue #2 isn't filled with is feedback from you. No way it could be, since it went to
press before most of you ever got your hands on #2. We really do want to facilitate an exchange
of ideas, comments, gripes, what have you, so please get those cards and letters into us. Are you
more interested in hardware stuff than software stuff? Vice versa? What bugs bug you? What
do you do with your Sol anyway? Got any hot tips on interfacing with exotic equipment? Just
want to sound off about something? Or maybe even say something nice about us? We definitely
want issue #3 to have more of you in it, instead of just us talking to the walls.
Speaking of us, you'll be reading this just about the time of the 1st West Coast Computer
Faire. Come give us some feedback in person; we'll be there along with all the competition, and
we'll have some good stuff to show you. You might even get to see me if you look closely; I'm the
one wearing the red suspenders. For those of you who can't make it to San Francisco, we'll have
a report in ACCESS #3.
Got to sign off now and fix that Sol PCB that just came in for warranty repair. Probably
sabotage — whoever heard of a SOL not working?)
Aram Attarian II

Subscription Information
ACCESS is published every six weeks. If you like what you see, we hope you'll send us $4.00
for a year's subscription so we can keep the info coming. Write to us at Processor Technology,
6200 Hollis Street, Emeryville, CA 94608.

Inside Emeryville!

One to One Communication
We're going to make this column a regular feature, under the peerless direction o f our Customer
Service Manager, the world renowned Ralph I. Palsson (applause). He'll keep you informed on what's
happening in the world of availability, delivery dates, and other such precious tidbits, and do his best
to keep the lines of communication open. Good luck, Ralph. (A.A. II, Editor)
A Customer Service Department has only one reason for its existence: to fix the responsibility on
someone for keeping the communication lines open, so the company doesn't become just another
faceless entity, vaguely malevolent to your attempts to pursue the love and lore of computing. The
someone's me, Ralph Palsson; I'm here to welcome your telephone and letter inquiries and provide you
with immediate, personal service. Whether it be pre-sales information, placing an order, finding the
nearest Processor Technology dealer, checking on the availability of existing or forthcoming
products-we'll do our best to help.
Are you interested in more information about a product than you could glean from the catalog
description? How about the VDM-1 kit you ordered way back when and still haven't received? Even
the best of us make occasional errors, and letting us know about your problems is the first step towards
their solution. Letters are now being sent regularly to advise you, our customers, of anticipated
production and delivery schedules. PTC dealers are being kept informed too, so you can call them for
on-going status reports. We're trying continually to expand and improve the Customer Service
Department with the aim of giving even more efficient, reliable service. Some of the ways we're doing
it:
Teletroubleshooting. Having a problem with a PTC kit? Is your Sol-20 displaying 0's and 9's and
nothing else? Need technical advice on interfacing? One of our applications engineers is available

daily for phone consultation and technical assistance. Call (415) 652-8080 between 9:30 am and noon
or 1:30 and 4:00 pm Pacific Time. Technically oriented software questions should go to our new
division, Software Technology, at (415) 349-8080. (That's right, 8080!)
When you make a technical call about a malfunctioning kit, it helps if you take time to think out
your questions first, maybe make a few notes. It's also a good idea to have your kit manual handy, and
if possible, the recalcitrant piece of equipment. All calls are taken on a first come, first serve basis, so
if you do have to hold for a few minutes, please be assured that you're not running up your bill for the
benefit of someone who called in later. If you do run into a wait, you can also ask us to call you back
collect. We will.
Again, let us remind you that if you purchased your PTC product through a dealer, try him/her first.
They're all authorized to service the equipment they sell, precisely because they can give you more
personalized, faster service than anyone can by mail or phone.
Need a defective part replaced? Again, the best way to handle this is through your dealer. If he's
out of stock, or if you purchased directly from us, send us the defective part for replacement. Similarly,
if you're missing a part from a kit, call your dealer or write to us, giving as complete a description as
you can of what's missing.
Finally. We are always interested in improving our one-to-one communication, and we're open to
your comments, criticisms, and suggestions. Please feel free to contact us if we can be of service in any
way.

Error, Error, Does Not Compute
Errors do appear from time to time in all high class publications. ACCESS is no exception — our
score for the first issue was three unfortunate oversights.
1. The instructions for wiring the 3P+S for a keyboard interface (page 3). At Step 5, we told you to
connect pin 7 to a point on 3P+S leading to J2 pin 12. Pin 12 is a ground point, and you don't really
want to do that. Pin 7 should be connected to a point on the 3P+S leading to IC 14 pin 13.
2. The article on interfacing PT 4KRA memory boards with the Motorola M6800 (page 2). It's all
right as far as it goes, but we neglected to give proper credit to the contributor. Our apologies and
thanks to J. W. Schook, P O. Box 185, Rocky Point, N.Y.
3. Last, but not least, those ever-present gremlins managed to alter our mailing address to 6800
Hollis St. Now, that's really adding insult to injury. Our correct address is 6200 Hollis St., Emeryville,
CA 94608.

Introducing Software Technology Corporation
We've pulled a protozoan trip and split in two: Software Technology Corp. is a separate new
company formed to take over software development from Processor Technology. The idea is to give
you more and better software support by not scattering our energies about, randomly.
Software Technology is three people with an impressively vast reservoir of experience in operating
systems, time sharing, real time systems, compilers, interpreters, simulators, business systems, and
software development. Did we leave anything out? During this transitional period, they'll be
maintaining, supporting and producing all the current PTC software, plus developing some of their
own. Later (not too much later), they'll be coming out with lots of good stuff designed to get the most
out of Sol.
You should have your first chance to see the caliber of Software Technology developments at the
Computer Faire in San Francisco. But we're not going to tell you what, because one fundamental
policy of Software Technology is not to announce anything that isn't ready. Nobody likes a tease.
Meanwhile, Software is in business and even has a phone. If you have any problems with Processor
Technology software you're using now, you can call their 24-hour phone line. When nobody's there,
there's an answering machine to take your message, and they will get back to you promptly. The

number is (415) 349-8080. You're also welcome to write your questions: PO. Box 5260, San Mateo,
CA 94402.
For the time being, orders, questions about delivery and of course hardware questions should still be
directed to Processor Technology. (See One to One Communication)
Read on for your first example of Software Technology software.

Announcing the SOL USERS GROUP!
The Sol Users Group was recently organized by members of the Homebrew Computer Club in Palo
Alto; SUG is not affiliated in any way with Processor Tech-Technology. The purposes of SUG are to
exchange software and other applications, and to create standards. If plenty of interest is shown, a Sol
Newsletter will be published and sent to members.
If you own or have ordered a Sol, send your name, address, phone number and ideas to:
Bill Burns
4190 Maybell Way
Palo Alto, CA 94306
(Please don't call.)

Attention, CONSOL Users
All Processor Technology software has recently been modified in a very important way that
encourages standardization. If you've been looking forward to having some Sol software for your
CONSOL Proms, you'll have to let us reprogram for you. There's no charge. Just mail your CONSOL
Proms, suitably packaged, to Processor Technology; we'll take care of the rest. Turn-around time is
about 2 weeks, dependent on the vagaries of the U. S. Postal Service, natch.
If you're planning to upgrade to SOLOS anyway, don't worry about it.

Editor: Aram Attarian II Publisher: Wible/Rampton Advertising,
727 15th Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94118
ACCESS is published approximately every six weeks. Subscription
rate: $4 per year, from Processor Technology Corp., 6200 Hollis St.,
Emeryville, CA 94608.
ACCESS Copyright © April 1977 by Processor Technology Corp. All
Rights Reserved. Material in this publication may not be reproduced in
any form without permission from Processor Technology Corp.

Clarkes third law: Any sufficiently advanced technology is
indistinguishable from magic.

Double Your Pleasure, Double Your Fun, Or, How to Use Both
Parallel Ports on the 3P+S
You can take maximum advantage of the 3P+S's versatility by making a simple modification that
gives you simultaneous access to both parallel ports. Then you'll be able to use one port for a keyboard
input, the other for paper tape input/output. The serial port is available for an RS232 or TTY, with
status and control available at Port 0 for Processor Technology software compatibility.
The change procedure is as follows:
1. Cut the existing trace from IC 22 pin 3 to IC 20 pin 13; at IC 22 pin 3
2. Cut the existing trace from IC 23 pin 12 to IC 21 pins 1 and 2; at IC 23 pin 12
3. Run a jumper from IC 23 pin 12 to IC 20 pin 13
4. Run a jumper from IC 22 pin 3 to IC 21 pins 1 and 2
5. Select area "B" option; jumper from left to right

Assuming that area "A" board address options "00" have been selected, the ports will now be set up
as follows:
Port 0 = Channel C. Control and status
Port 1 = Channel A.* Parallel data (keyboard)
Port 2 = Channel D. UART (RS232 or TTY)
Port 3 = Channel B.* Parallel data (paper tape reader)
*The strobe latches for the parallel ports remain with their respective channels.
Changing the data available status. The 3P+S interface is laid out to respond to a negative strobe
input pulse low active status (i.e., FA, FB). For compatibility with Processor software, you'll want to
select a high active data available status. Run a jumper from the !Q output of the respective strobe
latch (i.e., AKA, AKB) to the correct status bit input in area "G." In the above configuration, the
amounts to jumpering keyboard data available IC 15 pin 7 to area "G" point C6.

Osborns Law: Variables won't. Constants
aren't.

CUTE, CUTEST, CUTER
Below is the complete source listing for the control and monitor programs for the CUTS board.
This program, CUTER, was made available with the CUTS module in the form of a cassette selling for
$11.
The CUTER cassette contains object code along with a relocating loader for loading the program in
any 256-byte boundary of available RAM. A new version of BASIC-5 for use with CUTER and
SOLOS is also on the cassette, followed by the complete source code of CUTER. Not a bad deal for
$11.
So why buy the cassette now that we're giving you the listing? It's not that we're mercenary, but
consider: if you want to use PTC's software packages on cassettes; then CUTER is going to be a
tremendous asset in loading those tapes, right? Right-otherwise you could spend 3 or 4 hours toggling
it in from the front panel of your A#$%&R or I(*@ I.

And now, the VDM-½! Or, Modifying Your VDM-1 for 32-character Display
We're pleased to announce that unceasing technical progress has now made possible a reduction in
the number of characters per line of the VDM-1 display from 64 to 32! Seriously, the modification is
quite handy if you want to work with large type display, or feed RF modulated signals to a TV antenna
input.
The hardware modifications are shown in the schematic drawing below. One word of caution:
since we're tying the low-order address bit to ground, only character locations with bit 0 equal to 0 (i.e.,
even-numbered addresses), will be displayed. So if you use the modified VDM with unmodified
software, you'll end up with only alternate characters on the screen and a rather cryptic message!
In the next issue of ACCESS, we'll have some spiffy software routines to use with the "VDM-½."
Meanwhile, you can probably come up with some of your own. (Drop us a line if you run across
anything interesting.) Just remember that a left shift of a 64-character address will give you the
32-character address, providing that you shift in a 0 to bit 0. Good luck!

1. Cut traces at:
A—pin 10 IC 10
B—pin 12 IC 10
C—pin 13 IC 10

D—pin 14 IC 10
E—pin 7 IX 3
F—pin 14 IC 22

2. Add jumpers between:
A—IC 24 pin 11 and Ground
B—IC 10 pin 10 and IC 3 pin 7
C—IC 10 pin 12 and IC 19 pin 4
D—IC 10 pin 13 and Ground
E—IC 10 pin 14 and IC 14 pin 6

FLASH - VDM Access Flicker Eliminated, Part 2
In the last issue, we gave you a hardware modification to take care of the flicker produced
whenever the VDM memory is being accessed. We also promised to explore the implications a bit
further this time. So here's a subroutine for the VDM driver program that implements the modification
via software.
One thing to remember: if reads from the screen memory are needed by the driver, they have to be
synchronized by a subroutine similar to this. This one only takes care of flickerless access to the
memory.
Next issue, we'll continue the flicker saga by providing a version of the Processor PATTERN
program which contains this routine for flickerless display.
1000
1005
1010
1015
1020
1025
1030
1035
1040
1045
1050
1055
1060
1065
1070
1075
1080
1085
1090
1095
1100
1115
1110
1115
1120
1125
1130
1135
1140
1145
1150
1155
1160
1165
1170
1175
1180
1185
1190
1195
1200
1205
1210
1215
1220
1225
1230
1235
1240
1245
1250
1255
1260
1265
1270

* THIS ROUTINE MOVES A CHAR. IN REGISTER B
* TO VDM DISPLAY MEMORY
*
***** ASSUMPTIONS:
*
* 1.
THE CALLER HAS SET UP A STACK
*
* 2.
REGISTER PAIR H&L CONTAIN THE
*
VDM DISPLAY MEMORY ADDRESS
*
* 3.
THE ROUTINE IS RUNNING IN MEMORY
*
WITH NO (0) WAIT STATES.
*
*
*
*
START PUSH
B
MVI
C,2 SYNC BIT MASK (BIT 1)
*
* CATCH FALLING EDGE OF SYNC
*
HILP
IN
0C8H
VDM STATUS PORT
ANA
C
ONLY BIT 1 REMAINS
JZ
HILP
UNTIL SYNC IS HI
*
*
SYNC IS HI. NOW WAIT
*
TILL IT IS LOW
*
LOLP
IN
0C8H
VDM STATUS PORT
ANA
C
ONLY BIT 1 REMAINS
JNZ
LOLP
*
* DISPLAY SWEEP IS NOW AT LEFT MARGIN
*
CALL
WAIT
SO SWEEP CAN MOVE TO
*
RIGHT MARGIN
*
* NOW THAT SWEEP IS OFF THE SCREEN:
*
MOV
M,B
ACCESS DISPLAY MEMORY
*
*
POP
B
GIVE IT BACK
RET
*
* THIS ROUTINE DELAYS FOR JUST ENOUGH TIME
* TO ALLOW THE SWEEP TO CROSS THE SCREEN
* *** ALTER IT WITH CARE ***
*
WAIT
NOP
PUSH
H
POP
H
PUSH
H
POP
H
RET

Cann's Axiom: When all else fails, read the instructions.

This issue's Bug Squad focuses on the Sol PC board
Revision D, the one you have. All the fixes described
are aimed at worst case conditions, so hopefully you've
never encountered the problems. But we do
recommend making the changes now to forestall future
headaches that might crop up if you use demanding
peripherals such as discs. All the modifications
described will be incorporated in the forthcoming
Revision E board, so in the future we'll be designing on
the assumption that all boards in the field have these
fixes.
Now, you may wonder where we get the gall to
blurt out that our product is not the ultimate in all respects. Quite simply, we have too much experience
in product design to let ourselves get away with the attitude that goes, "We're perfect. Something must
be wrong with you:" So things can be better, and here's how.
1. Clock Width Fix
The bug: Currently the width of the phase 1 (φ
φ1) clock pulse is 70 nanoseconds. If you want
to bring it into spec with existing 8080 chips, you should increase it to 140 nanoseconds. (8080A
or 9080A are OK at 70 nsec.)
The squasher: On the top (component) side of the board, cut the trace between jumpers D and E of
(U90 and U91) of the clock generator. On the bottom (solder) side of the board, connect the jumper
from pin E to the feedthrough which leads to pin 5 of U91.
2. Phantom Glitch Fix
The bug: Occasionally a Sol will power up with three "phantom" cycles instead of the
necessary four, causing a "crash: These are the cycles which use the "four phase wonder"
software in the monitor.
The squasher: Connect a jumper on the solder side of the board as shown in Figure B. It goes from
pin 4 of U76 to the feedthrough immediately below pin 1 of U76.
3. Ground Noise Fix
The bug: The paths from the bus drivers to the bus ground are too long, producing occasional
ground noise.
The Squasher: Shorten them by connecting jumpers on the solder side of the board as shown in
Figure B. They go from pin 8 of IC's U33, U50, U68, and U81 to the ground feedthrough leading to
C45.
4. Protect Fix
The bug: The protect line is floating, which allows noise pulses to set a memory board
"protected" at the most inconvenient times.
The squasher: Connect a jumper wire on the solder side as shown in Figure B. It goes from the
ground terminal of C 11 to pin 70 of the 100-pin bus connector J11.

5. DMA/Interrupt Unscramble
This fix has probably been included in your kit or preassembled board, but better check the
connections just to make sure.
The bug: PINT (pin 73), PHOLD (pin 74), and PINTS (pin 26) got scrambled at an early stage
in development and weren't noticed until too late.
The squasher: On the component side of the board, cut the trace leading to pin 73 on J11; on the
solder side, cut the trace leading to pin 1 of U45, and also the second trace to the right of U64. (Refer
to Figure B). Now connect three jumpers: From pin 73 of J11 to pin 1 of U45. From pin 28 of J11 to
the feedthrough indicated (the one that was isolated by the cut on the component side). From the
feedthrough directly below pin 1 of U45 to the feedthrough to the right of pin 3 of U64.
6 MWRITE Fix
The bug: If you want to operate with DMA devices which write into memory, such as discs,
you; need to be able to generate the MWRITE pulse externally.
The squasher: You accomplish this by connecting the signals which generate MWRITE directly to
the bus. On the solder side of the board, cut the trace which leads to pin 7 of U93. Now connect a
jumper from the trace which has been isolated, to the feedthrough leading to pin 9 of U94. Now, still
on the solder side, locate the feedthrough immediately below pin 1 of U92 and break the trace leading
to it; do NOT break the trace leading to pin 1 of U92. Connect a jumper from that feedthrough to pin
13 of U107.
Further Remarks on D and E
The other major change between the D and E revision Sol boards involves reversing the order of the
parallel input data lines as connected to the parallel connector J2. The schematic is correct for the D
board, and the list of signals in the manual is correct for the E board. The change will simplify future
connections to J2 by placing the POD lines adjacent to the PID lines; that way, you can create a
bidirectional input/output bus with a simple jumpering scheme at the connector.
We're planning an adaptor connector to convert Rev. D J2 into Rev. E J2. It will have a 25-pin
plug, a PC board which reverses the connections from pins 6 to 13, and a 25-pin socket connector. If
you're developing a device which plugs into the Sol J2, reverse the order of pins 6 through 13 and use
this adapter (PTC pt. 900011) to ensure that your plug-in device will be compatible with E revision
Sol's.
7. Current Loop Fix
The bug: R23 and R24 should be connected to +12 volts instead of +5 volts.
The squasher: Break the large trace on the solder side of the board which leads to these two
resistors. Still on the solder side, connect a jumper from the isolated end of R23 to the +12 volt
feedthrough as shown. Be sure that you do not accidentally connect to the -12 volt feedthrough, which
is slightly higher than the +12 volt one.

Weinberg's Law: If builders built buildings the way programmers
wrote programs then the first woodpecker that came along
would destroy civilization.

And a Bug in 5K(pre-Sol)
The bug: Our attention has been called to some problems with the integer function in
BASIC-5 — the non-Sol version.
The squasher: Page 32 of the 5K BASIC manual (Software #2) should be changed to read as
follows:

0BAA
0BAA
0BAB
0BAD
0BAF
0BB2

0A
D6 81
16 05
FA BF 0B
00

0BB3
0BB5
0BB6
0BB7

D6 05
D0
57
0B

0BB8
0BB9
0BBA
0BBC
0BBD
0BBE

08
0A
E6 F0
02
14
C8

0BBF
0BC0
0BC1
0BC2
0BC5

AF
02
14
C2 B8 0B
C9

0000
0001
0002
0003
0004
0005
0006
0007
0008
0009
0010
0011
0012
0013
0014
0015
0016
0017
0018
0019
0020
0021
0022
0023
0024
0025
0026
0027
0028
0029
0030
0031
0032

*
*
*

BASIC-5 INTEGER FIX

AINT

*
*
*

ORG

0BAAH

LDAX
SUI
MVI
JM
NOP

B
129
D,FPSIZ
AINT3
.

SPACE FILLER

EXP > 0

*
AINT2

*
AINT3

SUI
RNC
MOV
DCX

FPNIB-1

DCX
LDAX
ANI
STAX
INR
RZ

B
B
360Q
B
D

XRA
STAX
INR
JNZ
RET

A
B
D
AINT2

D,A
B

COUNT

*
*

Your ALS-8 Applications Notes are on the Way!
After a seemingly interminable delay, the first batch of Application notes are really and truly in the
mail to all you ALS-8 Users' Group members. Once the material is in your hot little hands (in a very
fancy binder, no less), you'll be better able to appreciate the power and versatility of your ALS-8, and
you should have some very happy hours of computing. If you haven't received your notes by the time
you read this, please drop us a note right now, so we can track down whatever clerical or shipping
errors crossed you up.
Our sincerest apologies for the delay.

Ninety-Ninety `Rule of Project Schedules:
The first ninety percent of the task takes ninety percent of the time
and the last ten percent takes the other ninety percent.

**

SOFTWARE TECHNOLOGY CORP.
P.O. BOX 5260
SAN MATEO, CA 94402

CUTER (TM)
77-03-27
COPYRIGHT (C) 1977

C000 7F
C001 C3 D7 C1

C004
C007
C00A
C00D
C010
C013
C016

C3
C3
C3
C3
C3
C3
C3

18
DC
FF
42
7F
C7
7B

C2
C5
C5
C6
C6
C6
C7

PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT SYSTEM

9999
0002
0003
0004
0005
0006
0007
0008
0009
0010
0011
0012
0013
0014
0015
0016
0017
0018
0019
0020
0021
0022
0023
0024
0025
0026
0027
0028
0029
0030
0031
0032
0033
0034
0035
0036
0037
0038
0039
0040
0041
0042
0043
0044
0045
0046
0047
0048
0049
0050
0051
0052
0053
0054
0055
0056
0057
0058
0059
0060
0061
0062
0063
0064
0065
0066
0067
0068
0069
0070
0071
0072
0073
0074
0075
0076
0077
0078

COPY
CUTER1/1
*
*
*
*
CUTER(TM)
*
*
COPYRIGHT (C) 1977
*
SOFTWARE TECHNOLOGY CORP.
*
P.O. BOX 5260
*
SAN MATEO, CA 94402
*
(415) 349-8080
*
*
A L L
R I G H T S
R E S E R V E D ! ! !
*
*
*
VERSION 1.3
*
77-03-27
*
*
* THIS PROGRAM IS DESIGNED TO BE A STANDALONE CUTS
* OPERATING SYSTEM. CUTER IS DESIGNED TO BE READ IN FROM
* CASSETTE TAPE OR TO BE RESIDENT IN READ-ONLY-MEMORY.
* CUTER SUPPORTS VARIOUS DEVICES INCLUDING SERIAL,
* PARALLEL, THE PROCESSOR TECHNOLOGY VDM(TM) AND UP TO
* TWO CUTS TAPE DRIVES.
*
* CUTER(TM) HAS BEEN WRITTEN SO AS TO BE COMPATIBLE WITH
* SOLOS(TM). THE FOLLOWING KEYS ARE USED BY CUTER(TM)
* IN PLACE OF THE SPECIAL KEYS ON THE SOL KEYBOARD:
*
*
CURSOR UP
CTL-W
*
CURSOR LEFT
CTL-A
*
CURSOR RIGHT
CTL-S
*
CURSOR DOWN
CTL-Z
*
CURSOR HOME
CTL-N
*
CLEAR SCREEN
CTL-K
*
MODE
CTL-@
*
*
*
*
*
*
AUTO-STARTUP CODE
*
START MOV
A,A
SHOW THIS IS CUTER (SOLOS=00)
*
THIS BYTE ALLOWS AUTOMATIC POWER ON ENTRY
*
WHEN IN ROM SUPPORTING THIS HARDWARE FEATURE.
INIT
JMP
STRTA SYSTEM RESTART ENTRY POINT
*
*
THESE JUMP POINTS ARE PROVIDED TO ALLOW COMMON ENTRY
* LOCATIONS FOR ALL VERSIONS OF CUTER. THEY ARE USED
* EXTENSIVELY BY CUTS SYSTEM PROGRAMS AND IT IS RECOMMENDED
* THAT USER ROUTINES ACCESS CUTER ROUTINES THROUGH THESE
* POINTS ONLY!
*
RETRN JMP
COMND RETURN TO CUTER COMMAND PROCESSOR
FOPEN JMP
BOPEN CASSETTE OPEN FILE ENTRY
FCLOS JMP
PCLOS CASSETTE CLOSE FILE ENTRY
RDBYT JMP
RTBYT CASSETTE READ BYTE ENTRY
WRBYT JMP
WTBYT CASSETTE WRITE BYTE ENTRY
RDBLK JMP
RTAPE CASSETTE READ BLOCK ENTRY
WRBLK JMP
WTAPE CASSETTE WRITE BLOCK ENTRY
*
*
SYSTEM I/O ENTRY POINTS
*
* THESE FOUR ENTRY POINTS ARE USED TO EITHER INPUT
* OR OUTPUT TO CUTER PSUEDO PORTS.
* THESE PSUEDO PORTS ARE AS FOLLOWS:
*
* PORT
INPUT
OUTPUT
* -------------------- --------------------*
0
KEYBOARD INPUT
BUILT-IN VDM DRIVER
*
ACTUAL PORT 3
PORT C8, MEMORY FROM CC00
*
1
SERIAL PORT
SERIAL PORT
*
ACTUAL PORT 1
ACTUAL PORT 1
*
2
PARALLEL PORT
PARALLEL PORT
*
ACTUAL PORT 2
ACTUAL PORT 2
*
3
USER'S INPUT RTN
USER'S OUTPUT ROUTINE

C019 3A 07 C8
C01C C3 2E C0
C01F 3A 06 C8
C022

C022 E5
C023 21 09 C3

C026
C028
C029
C02A
C02B

E6 03
07
85
6F
C3 87 C2

C02E
C02E E5
C02F 21 01 C3
C032 C3 26 C0

C035
C037
C038
C03A

C035
DB 00
2F
E6 01
C8

C03B DB 03
C03D C9

C03E

0079
0080
0081
0082
0083
0084
0085
0086
0087
0088
0089
0090
0091
0092
0093
0094
0095
0096
0097
0098
0099
0100
0101
0102
0103
0104
0105
0106
0107
0108
0109
0110
0111
0112
0113
0114
0115
0116
0117
0118
0119
0120
0121
0122
0123
0124
0125
0126
0127
0128
0129
0130
0131
0132
0133
0134
0135
0136
0137
0138
0139
0140
0141
0142
0143
0144
0145
0146
0147
0148
0149
0150
0151
0152
0153
0154
0155
0156
0157
0158
0159
0160
0161
0162
0163

*
* STATUS FOR ACTUAL PORTS 1, 2 AND 3 IS VIA ACTUAL
* PORT 0. THE BITS OF PORT ZERO ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
*
*
:
:
:
:
:
:---- : --- : --- :
*
: TBE : RDA :
:
:
:PXDR : PDR : KDR :
* BIT 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
*
* WHERE:
*
TBE
1=TRANSMITTER BUFFER EMPTY (SERIAL)
*
RDA
1=READER DATA AVAILABLE (SERIAL)
*
---*
PXDR
0=PARALLEL EXTERNAL DEVICE READY
*
--*
PDR
0=PARALLEL DATA READY
*
--*
KDR
0=KEYBOARD DATA READY
*
*
*
*
* NOTE: SOUT AND SINP ARE "LDA" INSTRUCTIONS.
*
THIS FACT IS USED TO ALLOW ACCESS TO THE
*
BYTES "OPORT" AND "IPORT" DYNAMICALLY.
*
THESE MUST REMAIN "LDA" INSTRUCTIONS!!!!!
*
SOUT
LDA
OPORT
OUTPUT VIA STANDARD OUTPUT PSUEDO PORT
AOUT
JMP
OUTPR
OUTPUT VIA PSUEDO PORT SPECIFIED IN REG A
SINP
LDA
IPORT
INPUT VIA STANDARD INPUT PSUEDO PORT
AINP
EQU
$
INPUT VIA PSUEDO PORT SPECIFIED IN REG A
* -----------END OF SYSTEM ENTRY POINTS---------*
*
* AINP CONTINUES HERE (IT COULD HAVE BEEN A "JMP" THOUGH)
PUSH
H
SAVE HL FM ENTRY
LXI
H,ITAB
*
*
THIS ROUTINE PROCESSES THE I/O REQUESTS
*
IOPRC ANI
3
KEEP REGISTER "A" TO FOUR VALUES
RLC
.
COMPUTE ENTRY ADDRESS
ADD
L
MOV
L,A
WE HAVE ADDRESS
JMP
DISPT DISPATCH TO IT
*
*
OUTPR EQU
$
PROCESS OUTPUT REQUESTS
PUSH
H
SAVE REGS
LXI
H,OTAB POINT TO OUTPUT DISPATCH TABLE
JMP
IOPRC DISPATCH FOR PROPER PSUEDO PORT
*
*
*
* CUTER SYSTEM I/O ROUTINES
*
*
*
THIS ROUTINE IS A MODEL OF ALL INPUT ROUTINES WITHIN
* CUTER. THE FIRST ROUTINE "KREA1" PERFORMS THE INPUT
* FROM THE STANDARD KEYBOARD ON PARALLEL PORT 3.
* ALL STANDARD INPUT DRIVERS RETURN EITHER THE CHARACTER
* WITH A NON-ZERO FLAG, OR JUST A ZERO FLAG INDICATING
* THAT NO CHARACTER IS AVAILABLE YET. IT WILL BE THE
* RESPONSIBILITY OF THE USER TO LOOP WAITING FOR A
* CHARACTER, OR TO USE THE INPUT AS A STATUS REQUEST.
* WHEN A CHARACTER IS AVAILABLE, IT IS RETURNED IN REG A.
*
* THE FOLLOWING KEYBOARD ROUTINE MAY BE USED AS A SAMPLE
* OF HOW TO WRITE A USER INPUT ROUTINE.
*
*
KEYBOARD INPUT ROUTINE
*
KREA1 EQU
$
KEYBOARD READ ROUTINE
IN
STAPT GET STATUS WORD
CMA
.
INVERT IT FOR PROPER RETURN
ANI
KDR
TEST NOT KEYBOARD DATA READY
RZ
.
ZERO IF NO CHARACTER RECEIVED
*
IN
KDATA GET CHARACTER
RET
.
GO BACK WITH IT
*
*
*
*
SERIAL INPUT ROUTINE
*
SREA1 EQU
$
SERIAL INPUT ROUTINE

C03E DB 00
C040 E6 40
C042 C8
C043 DB 01
C045 C9

C046
C048
C049
C04C
C04D
C04F

C046
DB 00
17
D2 46 C0
78
D3 01
C9

C050
C052
C053
C055
C056
C058

C050
DB 00
2F
E6 02
C8
DB 02
C9

C059
C05B
C05D
C060
C061
C063

C059
DB 00
E6 04
C2 59 C0
78
D3 02
C9

C064
C064 E5
C065 2A 00 C8
C068 C3 6F C0
C06B
C06B E5
C06C 2A 02 C8
C06F
C06F 7D
C070 B4
C071 C2 8B C2
C074 C3 0F C2

C077
C077 E5
C078 D5
C079 C5

C07A 3A 0C C8
C07D B7
C07E C2 87 C1
C081
C082
C084
C085

78
E6 7F
47
CA 9F C0

C088 21 E2 C2
C08B CD A5 C0

0164
0165
0166
0167
0168
0169
0170
0171
0172
0173
0174
0175
0176
0177
0178
0179
0180
0181
0182
0183
0184
0185
0186
0187
0188
0189
0190
0191
0192
0193
0194
0195
0196
0197
0198
0199
0200
0201
0202
0203
0204
0205
0206
0207
0208
0209
0210
0211
0212
0213
0214
0215
0216
0217
0218
0219
0220
0221
0222
0223
0224
0225
0226
0227
0228
0229
0230
0231
0232
0233
0234
0235
0236
0237
0238
0239
0240
0241
0242
0243
0244
0245
0246
0247
0248

IN
ANI
RZ

STAPT
SDR
.

GET STATUS
TEST FOR SERIAL DATA READY
FLAGS ARE SET

*
*

IN
SDATA GET DATA BYTE
IT IS UP TO THE CALLER TO STRIP PARITY IF DESIRED
RET
.
WE HAVE IT

*
*
*
SERIAL DATA OUTPUT
*
SEROT EQU
$
SERIAL OUTPUT ROUTINE
IN
STAPT GET STATUS
RAL
.
PUT HIGH BIT IN CARRY
JNC
SEROT LOOP UNTIL TRANSMITTER BUFFER IS EMPTY
MOV
A,B
GET THE CHARACTER BACK
OUT
SDATA SEND IT OUT
RET
.
AND WE'RE DONE
*
*
* PARALLEL DATA INPUT
PARIT EQU
$
GET CHAR FM PARALLEL PORT
IN
STAPT STATUS
CMA
.
INVERT FOR PROPER RETURN
ANI
PDR
IS DATA READY?
RZ
.
NO--JUST EXIT
IN
PDATA YES--GET CHAR THEN
RET
.
THEN EXIT
*
*
* PARALLEL DATA OUTPUT ROUTINE
PAROT EQU
$
OUTPUT CHAR TO PARALLEL PORT
IN
STAPT STATUS
ANI
PXDR
IS EXTERNAL DEVICE READY?
JNZ
PAROT NO--WAIT TIL IT IS
MOV
A,B
GET CHAR
OUT
PDATA SEND DATA NOW
RET
.
DONE
*
*
* USER DEFINED INPUT/OUTPUT ROUTINES
ERRIT EQU
$
USER INPUT ROUTINE
PUSH
H
SAVE ORIG HL
LHLD
UIPRT GET USER'S RTN ADDR
JMP
ERRO1 MERGE TO VERIFY THE ADDR
*
ERROT EQU
$
USER OUTPUT ROUTINE
PUSH
H
SAVE ORIG HL
LHLD
UOPRT GET USER'S RTR ADDR
ERRO1 EQU
$
WE MERGE HERE TO VFY ADDR
MOV
A,L
ZERO=UNDEFINED
ORA
H
IS IT?
JNZ
DISP1 NO--VALID--OFF TO IT
JMP
STRTD RESET I/O PORTS AND BACK TO COMMAND MODE
*
*
*
*
VIDEO DISPLAY ROUTINES
*
*
* THESE ROUTINES ALLOW FOR STANDARD VIDEO TERMINAL
* OPERATIONS. ON ENTRY, THE CHARACTER FOR OUTPUT IS IN
* REGISTER B AND ALL REGISTERS ARE UNALTERED ON RETURN.
*
*
*
VDM01 EQU
$
VDM OUTPUT DRIVER
PUSH
H
SAVE HL
PUSH
D
SAVE DE
PUSH
B
*
* PROCESS ESC SEQUENCE IF ANY
*
LDA
ESCFL GET ESCAPE FLAG
ORA
A
JNZ
ESCS
IF NON ZERO GO PROCESS THE REST OF THE SEQUENCE
*
MOV
A,B
GET CHAR
ANI
7FH
CLR HI BIT IN CASE
MOV
B,A
USE CHAR STRIPPED OF HI BIT FOR COMPATABILITY
JZ
GOBK
MAKE A QUICK EXIT FOR A NULL
*
LXI
H,TBL
CALL
TSRCH GO PROCESS
*

C08E
C091
C092
C094
C095
C098
C099
C09A
C09B
C09C
C09F
C0A0
C0A1
C0A2

C08E
CD 44 C1
7E
F6 80
77
2A 0A C8
2C
AF
2B
BC
C2 9A C0
C1
D1
E1
C9

C0A3
C0A3 23
C0A4 23

C0A5
C0A6
C0A7
C0AA
C0AB
C0AC
C0AF
C0B0
C0B3
C0B4

7E
B7
CA
B8
23
C2
E5
CD
E3
C3

B7 C0
A3 C0
5E C1
87 C2

C0B7
C0B7 78
C0B8 FE 7F
C0BA C8

C0BB
C0BE
C0BF
C0C2
C0C4
C0C7
C0CA
C0CC

CD
70
3A
FE
DA
3A
FE
C2

C0CF
C0D0
C0D3
C0D4
C0D7
C0D8
C0DB
C0DE
C0DF
C0E1

AF
32
4F
CD
AF
CD
3A
3C
E6
C3

C0E4
C0E7
C0E8
C0EA
C0ED

3A 08
3C
E6 3F
32 08
C0
C0EE
3A 09
3C
E6 0F
32 09
C9

C0EE
C0F1
C0F2
C0F4
C0F7

44 C1
08
3F
E4
09
0F
E4

C8
C0
C8
C0

08 C8
4B C1
22 C1
0A C8
0F
11 C1

C8
C8
C8
C8

C0F8 21 00 CC
C0FB 36 A0
C0FD 23

0249
0250
0251
0252
0253
0254
0255
0256
0257
0258
0259
0260
0261
0262
0263
0264
0265
0266
0267
0268
0269
0270
0271
0272
0273
0274
0275
0276
0277
0278
0279
0280
0281
0282
0283
0284
0285
0286
0287
0288
0289
0290
0291
0292
0293
0294
0295
0296
0297
0298
0299
0300
0301
0302
0303
0304
0305
0306
0307
0308
0309
0310
0311
0312
0313
0314
0315
0316
0317
0318
0319
0320
0321
0322
0323
0324
0325
0326
0327
0328
0329
0330
0331
0332
0333

GOBACK EQU
$
RESET CURSOR AND DELAY
CALL
VDADD GET SCRN ADDR
MOV
A,M
GET CHAR
ORI
80H
INVERSE VIDEO
MOV
M,A
CURSOR IS NOW THERE
LHLD
SPEED-1 GET DELAY SPEED
INR
L
MAKE IT DEFINITELY NON-ZERO
XRA
A
DELAY ENDS WHEN H=ZERO
TIMER DCX
H
LOOP FOR DELAY AMNT
CMP
H
IS IT DONE YET
JNZ
TIMER NO--KEEP DELAYING
GOBK
POP
B
POP
D
RESTORE ALL REGISTERS
POP
H
RET
.
EXIT FROM VDMOT
*
*
NEXT
EQU
$
GO TO NEXT CHR
INX
H
INX
H
*
* THIS ROUTINE SEARCHES FOR A MATCH OF THE CHAR IN "B"
* TO THE CHAR IN THE TBL POINTED TO BY HL.
*
TSRCH MOV
A,M
GET CHR FROM TABLE
ORA
A
SEE IF END OF TBL
JZ
CHAR
ZERO IS THE LAST
CMP
B
TEST THE CHR
INX
H
POINT FORWARD
JNZ
NEXT
PUSH
H
FOUND ONE...SAVE ADDRESS
CALL
CREM
REMOVE CURSOR
XTHL
.
RESTORE ADDR OF CHAR ENTRY IN TBL
JMP
DISPT DISPATCH FOR CURSOR CONTROL
*
*
CHAR
EQU
$
WE HAVE A CHAR
MOV
A,B
GET CHARACTER
CPI
7FH
IS IT A DEL?
RZ
.
GO BACK IF SO
*
*
*
OCHAR CALL
VDADD GET SCREEN ADDRESS
MOV
M,B
PUT CHR ON SCREEN
LDA
NCHAR GET CHARACTER POSITION
CPI
63
END OF LINE?
JC
OK
LDA
LINE
CPI
15
END OF SCREEN?
JNZ
OK
*
*
END OF SCREEN...ROLL UP ONE LINE
*
SCROLL XRA
A
STA
NCHAR BACK TO FIRST CHAR POSITION
SROL
MOV
C,A
CALL
VDAD
CALCULATE LINE TO BE BLANKED
XRA
A
CALL
CLIN1 CLEAR IT
LDA
BOT
INR
A
ANI
0FH
JMP
ERAS3
*
*
INCREMENT LINE COUNTER IF NECESSARY
*
OK
LDA
NCHAR GET CHR POSITION
INR
A
ANI
3FH
MOD 64
STA
NCHAR STORE THE NEW
RNZ
.
MORE CHARS THIS LINE
PDOWN EQU
$
MOVE CURSOR DOWN ONE LINE
LDA
LINE
GET THE LINE COUNT
INR
A
CURSC ANI
0FH
MOD 15 INCREMENT
CUR
STA
LINE
STORE THE NEW
RET
*
*
ERASE SCREEN
*
PERSE LXI
H,VDMEM POINT TO SCREEN
MVI
M,80H+' ' THIS IS THE CURSOR
*
INX
H
NEXT CHAR

C0FE
C100
C101
C102
C104
C107

C0F4
36 20
23
7C
FE D0
DA FE C0
37

C108
C10A
C10D
C110

C108
3E 00
32 09 C8
32 08 C8
D0

C111 D3 C8
C113 32 0A C8
C116 C9

C117
C11A
C11B
C11C
C11F
C122
C124
C125
C127
C128
C129

C117
3A 07
B7
C0
CD 44
3A 08
FE 40
D0
36 20
23
3C
C3 22

C8
C1
C8

C1

C12C 3A 09 C8
C12F 3D
C130 C3 F2 C0

C133 3A 08 C8
C136 3D
C137
C137 E6 3F
C139 32 08 C8
C13C C9

C13D 3A 08 C8
C140 3C
C141 C3 37 C1

C144
C147
C148
C14B
C14C
C14F
C150
C151
C152
C153
C155
C157
C158
C159
C15B
C15C
C15D

3A
4F
3A
6F
3A
85
0F
0F
6F
E6
C6
67
7D
E6
81
6F
C9

08 C8
09 C8
0A C8

03
CC
C0

C15E CD 44 C1
C161 7E
C162 E6 7F

0334
0335
0336
0337
0338
0339
0340
0341
0342
0343
0344
0345
0346
0347
0348
0349
0350
0351
0352
0353
0354
0355
0356
0357
0358
0359
0360
0361
0362
0363
0364
0365
0366
0367
0368
0369
0370
0371
0372
0373
0374
0375
0376
0377
0378
0379
0380
0381
0382
0383
0384
0385
0386
0387
0388
0389
0390
0391
0392
0393
0394
0395
0396
0397
0398
0399
0400
0401
0402
0403
0404
0405
0406
0407
0408
0409
0410
0411
0412
0413
0414
0415
0416
0417
0418

ERAS1

*
PHOME

*
ERAS3
*
*
CLIN2

CLINE
CLIN1

EQU
MVI
INX
MOV
CPI
JC
STC

$
M,' '
H
A,H
0D0H
ERAS1
.

LOOP TO CLR SCRN
BLANK IT OUT
NEXT SCRN LOC
SEE IF DONE
DID IT GO ABOVE VDM
NO--MORE
SAY WE WANT TO DROP THRU TO ERAS3

EQU
MVI
STA
STA
RNC

$
A,0
LINE
NCHAR
.

RESET CURSOR
CLEAR, LEAVE
ZERO LINE
LEFT SIDE OF
THIS IS JUST

OUT
STA
RET

DSTAT
BOT

RESET SCROLL PARAMETERS
BEGINNING OF TEXT OFFSET

EQU
LDA
ORA
RNZ
CALL
LDA
CPI
RNC
MVI
INX
INR
JMP

$
OPORT
A
.
VDADD
NCHAR
64
.
M,' '
H
A
CLIN1

HERE TO SEE IF VDM OUTPUT
GET CRNT OUTPUT PORT

LDA
MOV
LDA
MOV
LDA
ADD
RRC
RRC
MOV
ANI
ADI
MOV
MOV
ANI
ADD
MOV
RET

NCHAR
C,A
LINE
L,A
BOT
L
.
.
L,A
3
' THE PROMPT
JMP
SOUT
PUT IT ON THE SCREEN
*
CRLF
MVI
B,LF
LINE FEED
CALL
SOUT
MVI
B,CR
CARRIAGE RETURN
CALL
SOUT
LDA
NUCNT GET COUNT OF NULLS TO OUTPUT
MOV
C,A
SAVE COUNT IN C
NULOT DCR
C
RM
.
COUNTED DOWN PAST ZERO (MAX COUNT IS X'7F')
XRA
A
HERE IS THE NULL
CALL
OUTH
OUTPUT IT
JMP
NULOT LOOP FOR NUMBER OF NULLS
*
*
* SCAN OVER UP TO 12 CHARACTERS LOOKING FOR A BLANK
*
SBLK
MVI
C,12
MAXIMUM COMMAND STRING
SBLK1 LDAX
D
CPI
BLANK
JZ
SCHR
GOT A BLANK NOW SCAN PAST IT
INX
D
CPI
'='
A EQUAL WILL ALSO STOP US (AT NEXT CHAR)
JZ
SCHR
FOUND, DE PT TO NEXT CHAR
DCR
C
NO MORE THAN TWELVE
JNZ
SBLK1
RET
.
GO BACK WITH ZERO FLAG SET
*
*
* SCAN PAST UP TO 10 BLANK POSITIONS LOOKING FOR
* A NON BLANK CHARACTER.
*
SCHR
MVI
C,10
SCAN TO FIRST NON BLANK CHR WITHIN 10
SCHR1 LDAX
D
GET NEXT CHARACTER
CPI
SPACE
RNZ
.
WE'RE PAST THEM
INX
D
NEXT SCAN ADDRESS
DCR
C
RZ
.
COMMAND ERROR
JMP
SCHR1 KEEP LOOPING
*
* THIS ROUTINE SCANS OVER CHARACTERS, PAST BLANKS AND
* CONVERTS THE FOLLOWING ADDRESS TO HEX. ERRORS RETURN TO
* THE ERROR HANDLER.

C378 CD 59 C3
C37B CA 6B C4

C37E
C381
C382
C384
C385
C387
C388
C38A

21
1A
FE
C8
FE
C8
FE
C8

00 00

C38B
C38C
C38D
C38E
C38F
C392
C395
C396
C397
C398

29
29
29
29
CD 9B C3
D2 6B C4
85
6F
13
C3 81 C3

C39B
C39D
C39F
C3A0
C3A2
C3A4

D6
FE
D8
D6
FE
C9

C3A5
C3A8
C3A9
C3AC

C3A5
CD 59 C3
C8
CD 7E C3
C9

C3AD
C3B0
C3B1
C3B4
C3B5

C3AD
CD 78 C3
E5
CD A5 C3
D1
EB

C3B6
C3B9
C3BC
C3BF

CD
CD
CD
0E

C3C1
C3C2
C3C3
C3C6
C3C7

7E
C5
CD DE C3
7C
BA

20
2F
3A

30
0A
07
10

42 C3
D9 C3
F7 C3
10

0843
0844
0845
0846
0847
0848
0849
0850
0851
0852
0853
0854
0855
0856
0857
0858
0859
0860
0861
0862
0863
0864
0865
0866
0867
0868
0869
0870
0871
0872
0873
0874
0875
0876
0877
0878
0879
0880
0881
0882
0883
0884
0885
0886
0887
0888
0889
0890
0891
0892
0893
0894
0895
0896
0897
0898
0899
0900
0901
0902
0903
0904
0905
0906
0907
0908
0909
0910
0911
0912
0913
0914
0915
0916
0917
0918
0919
0920
0921
0922
0923
0924
0925
0926
0927

*
SCONV

CALL
JZ

SBLK
ERR1

*
* THIS ROUTINE CONVERTS ASCII DIGITS INTO BINARY FOLLOWING
* A STANDARD HEX CONVERSION. THE SCAN STOPS WHEN AN ASCII
* SPACE IS ENCOUNTERED. PARAMETER ERRORS REPLACE THE ERROR
* CHARACTER ON THE SCREEN WITH A QUESTION MARK.
*
SHEX
LXI
H,0
CLEAR H & L
SHE1
LDAX
D
GET CHARACTER
CPI
20H
IS IT A SPACE?
RZ
.
IF SO
CPI
'/'
RZ
CPI
':'
RZ
*
HCONV DAD
H
MAKE ROOM FOR THE NEW ONE
DAD
H
DAD
H
DAD
H
CALL
HCOV1 DO THE CONVERSION
JNC
ERR1
NOT VALID HEXIDECIMAL VALUE
ADD
L
MOV
L,A
MOVE IT IN
INX
D
BUMP THE POINTER
JMP
SHE1
*
HCOV1 SUI
48
REMOVE ASCII BIAS
CPI
10
RC
.
IF LESS THAN 9
SUI
7
IT'S A LATTER??
CPI
10H
RET
.
WITH TEST IN HAND
*
*
* THIS ROUTINE WILL SEE IF A FIELD (OPERAND) IS PRESENT.
* IF NOT, THEN HL WILL REMAIN AS THEY WERE ON ENTRY.
* IF IT WAS PRESENT, THEN HL=THAT VALUE IN HEX.
*
PSCAN EQU
$
OPTIONAL PIELD SCANNER
CALL
SBLK SEE IF FIELD IS PRESENT
RZ
.
RETURN LEAVING HL AS THEY WERE ON ENTRY
CALL
SHEX FIELD IS THERE, GO GET IT
RET
.
HL= EITHER OPTIONAL FIELD (HEX), OR AS IT WAS
*
*
*
*
*
DUMP COMMAND
*
*
THIS ROUTINE DUMPS CHARACTERS FROM MEMORY TO THE
* CURRENT OUTPUT DEVICE.
* ALL VALUES ARE DESPLAYED AS ASCII HEX.
*
* THE COMMAND FORM IS AS FOLLOWS:
*
*
DUMP ADDR1 ADDR2
*
*
THE VALUES FROM ADDR1 TO ADDR2 ARE THEN OUTPUT TO THE
* OUTPUT DEVICE. IF ONLY ADDR1 IS SPECIFIED THEN THE
* VALUE AT THAT ADDRESS IS OUTPUT.
*
* IF WHILE DUMPING, THE MODE KEY IS PRESSED, THE DUMP WILL
* BE TERMINATED. IF THE SPACE BAR IS PRESSED, THE DUMP
* WILL BE TEMPORARILY SUSPENDED UNTIL ANY KEY IS PRESSED.
*
DUMP
EQU
$
SET UP REGS TO DUMP SPECIFIED AREA
CALL
SCONV GET START ADDR (REQUIRED)
PUSH
H
SAVE THE START ADDR
CALL
PSCAN GET OPTIONAL END ADDR, HL=THIS OR START ADDR
POP
D
DE=START ADDR
XCHG
.
DE=END ADDR, HL=START ADDR NOW
*
DLOOP CALL
CRLF
CALL
ADOUT OUTPUT ADDRESS
CALL
BOUT
ANOTHER SPACE TO KEEP IT PRETTY
MVI
C,16
VALUES PER LINE
*
DLP1
MOV
A,M
GET THE CHR
PUSH
B
SAVE VALUE COUNT
CALL
HBOUT SEND IT OUT WITH A BLANK
MOV
A,H
CRNT ADDR
CMP
D
VERSUS ENDING ADDR

C3C8
C3CB
C3CC
C3CD
C3D0
C3D1
C3D2
C3D3
C3D6

DA D0
7D
BB
D2 18
C3D0
C1
23
0D
C2 C1
C3 B6

C3
C2

C3
C3

C3D9 7C
C3DA CD FC C3
C3DD 7D
C3DE
C3E1
C3E4
C3E7
C3E9
C3EC
C3EE
C3F1
C3F4
C3F7
C3F9

CD
CD
CA
E6
CA
FE
C2
CD
CA
06
C3

FC
1F
F7
7F
18
20
F7
1F
F1
20
19

C3
C0
C3

C3FC
C3FD
C3FE
C3FF
C400
C401
C404

4F
0F
0F
0F
0F
CD 05 C4
79

C405
C407
C409
C40B
C40E
C410
C411

E6
C6
FE
DA
C6
47
C3

C2
C3
C0
C3
C0

0F
30
3A
10 C4
07
19 C0

C414 CD 78 C3
C417 E5
C418
C41B
C41D
C420
C423
C426

CD
06
CD
CD
CD
EB

42
3A
19
27
AA

C3
C0
C2
C2

C427 0E 03
C429 CD 6E C3
C42C CA 18 C4
C42F
C431
C434
C437
C439
C43C
C43D
C43E
C43F
C440
C441

FE
CA
CD
FE
CA
7D
E1
77
23
E5
C3

2F
18 C2
7E C3
3A
44 C4

27 C4

C444 E3
C445 13
C446 C3 27 C4

0928
0929
0930
0931
0932
0933
0934
0935
0936
0937
0938
0939
0940
0941
0942
0943
0944
0945
0946
0947
0948
0949
0950
0951
0952
0953
0954
0955
0956
0957
0958
0959
0960
0961
0962
0963
0964
0965
0966
0967
0968
0969
0970
0971
0972
0973
0974
0975
0976
0977
0978
0979
0980
0981
0982
0983
0984
0985
0986
0987
0988
0989
0990
0991
0992
0993
0994
0995
0996
0997
0998
0999
1000
1001
1002
1003
1004
1005
1006
1007
1008
1009
1010
1011
1012

DLP1A

JC
MOV
CMP
JNC
EQU
POP
INX
DCR
JNZ
JMP

DLP1A
A,L
E
COMND
$
B
H
C
DLP1
DLOOP

NOT DONE YET
TRY LOW ORDER BYTE
ALL DONE WHEN CRNT REACHES ENDING
HERE TO KEEP DUMPING
VALUES PER LINE
BUMP THE LINE COUNT
NOT ZERO IF MORE FOR THIS LINE
DO A LFCR BEFORE THE NEXT

*
*
OUTPUT HL AS HEX 16 BIT VALUE
*
ADOUT MOV
A,H
H FIRST
CALL
HEOUT
MOV
A,L
THEN L FOLLOWED BY A SPACE
*
HBOUT CALL
HEOUT
CALL
SINP
SEE IF WE SHD ESCAPE FM DUMP
JZ
BOUT
NO--ADD THE SPACE THEN
ANI
7FH
MAKE SURE ITS CLEAR OF PARITY
JZ
COMND EITHER MODE (OR CTL-@)
CPI
' '
IS IT SPACE
JNZ
BOUT
NO--IGNORE THE CHAR
WTLP1 CALL
SINP
ON SPACE, WAIT FOR ANY OTHER CHAR
JZ
WTLP1 JUST LOOP AFTER A SPACE UNTIL ANY KEY PRESSED
BOUT
MVI
B,' '
JMP
SOUT
PUT IT OUT
*
HEOUT MOV
C,A
GET THE CHARACTER
RRC
RRC
MOVE THE HIGH FOUR DOWN
RRC
RRC
CALL
HEOU1 PUT THEM OUT
MOV
A,C
THIS TIME THE LOW FOUR
*
HEOU1 ANI
0FH
FOUR ON THE FLOOR
ADI
48
WE WORK WITH ASCII HERE
CPI
58
0-9?
JC
OUTH
YUP!
ADI
7
MAKE IT A LETTER
OUTH
MOV
B,A
OUTPUT IT FROM REGISTER 'B'
JMP
SOUT
*
*
*
ENTR COMMAND
*
*
THIS ROUTINE GETS VALUES FROM THE KEYBOARD AND ENTERS
* THEM INTO MEMORY. THE INPUT VALUES ARE SCANNED FOLLOWING
* A STANDARD 'GCLIN' INPUT SO ON-SCREEN EDITING MAY TAKE
* PLACE PRIOR TO THE LINE TERMINATOR. A SLASH '/'
* ENDS THE ROUTINE AND RETURNS CONTROL TO THE COMMAND MODE.
*
ENTER CALL
SCONV SCAN OVER CHARS AND GET ADDRESS
PUSH
H
SAVE ADDRESS
*
ENLOP CALL
CRLF
MVI
B,':'
CALL
SOUT
DSPLY THE COLON
CALL
GCLI0 INIT AND PROCESS A LINE
CALL
STUP
SET UP TO PROCESS INPUT LINE
XCHG
.
....TO DE
*
*
ENLO1 MVI
C,3
NO MORE THAN THREE SPACES BETWEEN VALUES
CALL
SCHR1 SCAN TO NEXT VALUE
JZ
ENLOP LAST ENTRY FOUND START NEW LINE
*
CPI
'/'
COMMAND TERMINATOR?
JZ
COMND IF SO...
CALL
SHEX
CONVERT VALUE
CPI
':'
ADDRESS TERMINATOR?
JZ
ENLO3 GO PROCESS IF SO
MOV
A,L
GET LOW PART AS CONVERTED
POP
H
GET MEMORY ADDRESS
MOV
M,A
PUT IN THE VALUE
INX
H
PUSH
H
BACK GOES THE ADDRESS
JMP
ENLO1 CONTINUE THE SCAN
*
ENLO3 XTHL
.
PUT NEW ADDRESS ON STACK
INX
D
MOVE SCAN PAST TERMINATOR
JMP
ENLO1
*

C449 CD 78 C3
C44C
C44C E5
C44D 21 00 C0
C450 C9

C451
C451 21 1C C8
C454 CD 59 C3
C457 06 06
C459
C45A
C45C
C45F
C461
C464
C465
C466
C467
C468

1A
FE
CA
FE
CA
77
13
23
05
C2

C46B
C46C
C46E
C471
C472
C475
C478
C47A
C47D

EB
36
3A
B7
CA
CD
06
CD
C3

C480
C482
C483
C484

36 00
23
05
C2 80 C4

C487
C489
C48B
C48E
C48F
C492

FE
3E
C2
13
CD
D6

C494
C496
C498
C49B
C49C
C49F

C494
E6 01
3E 80
C2 9C C4
1F
32 54 C8
C9

C4A0 3E
C4A1 AF
C4A2 F5

20
80 C4
2F
80 C4

59 C4

3F
07 C8
18
42
3F
19
18

C2
C3
C0
C2

2F
01
94 C4
6C C3
30

1013
1014
1015
1016
1017
1018
1019
1020
1021
1022
1023
1024
1025
1026
1027
1028
1029
1030
1031
1032
1033
1034
1035
1036
1037
1038
1039
1040
1041
1042
1043
1044
1045
1046
1047
1048
1049
1050
1051
1052
1053
1054
1055
1056
1057
1058
1059
1060
1061
1062
1063
1064
1065
1066
1067
1068
1069
1070
1071
1072
1073
1074
1075
1076
1077
1078
1079
1080
1081
1082
1083
1084
1085
1086
1087
1088
1089
1090
1091
1092
1093
1094
1095
1096
1097

*
*
EXECUTE COMMAND
*
*
THIS ROUTINE GETS THE FOLLOWING PARAMETER AND DOES A
* PROGRAM JUMP TO THE LOCATION GIVEN BY IT. IF PROPER
* STACK OPERATIONS ARE USED WITHIN THE EXTERNAL PROGRAM
* IT CAN DO A STANDARD 'RET'URN TO THE CUTER COMMAND MODE.
*
*
EXEC
CALL
SCONV SCAN PAST BLANKS AND GET PARAMETER
EXEC1 EQU
$
HERE TO GO TO HL
PUSH
H
SAVE ON STACK
LXI
H,START LET USER KNOW WHERE WE ARE
RET
.
AND OFF TO USER
*
*
*
*
*
THIS ROUTINE GETS A NAME OF UP TO 5 CHARACTERS
* FROM THE INPUT STRING. IF THE TERMINATOR IS A
* SLASH (/) THEN THE CHARACTER FOLLOWING IS TAKEN
* AS THE CASSETTE UNIT SPECIFICATION.
*
*
NAME0 EQU
$
ENTER HERE TO SET HL TO THEAD
LXI
H,THEAD PT WHERE TO PUT NAME
NAME
CALL
SBLK
SCAN OVER TO FIRST CHRS
MVI
B,6
*
NAME1 LDAX
D
GET CHARACTER
CPI
' '
NO UNIT DELIMITER
JZ
NFIL
CPI
'/'
UNIT DELIMTTER
JZ
NFIL
MOV
M,A
INX
D
BUMP THE SCAN POINTER
INX
H
DCR
B
JNZ
NAME1 NAME IS OK, FALL THRU TO 'ERR1' IF NOT
*
*
CUTER ERROR HANDLER
*
ERR1
XCHG
.
GET SCAN ADDRESS
ERR2
MVI
M,'?' FLAG THE ERROR
LDA
OPORT SEE IF VIA VDM DRIVER
ORA
A
JZ
COMND YES--VDM SCREEN NOW HAS THE ?
CALL
CRLF
MVI
B,'?' SET UP THE ????
CALL
SOUT
INDICATE INPUT NOT VALID
JMP
COMND NOW READY FOR NEXT INPUT
*
*
*
* HERE WE HAVE SCANNED OFF THE NAME. ZERO FILL IN FOR
* NAMES LESS THAN FIVE CHARACTERS.
*
NFIL
MVI
M,0
PUT IN AT LEAST ONE ZERO
INX
H
DCR
B
JNZ
NFIL
LOOP UNTIL B IS ZERO
*
CPI
'/'
IS THERE A UNIT SPECIFICATION?
MVI
A,1
PRETEND NOT
JNZ
DEFLT
INX
D
MOVE PAST THE TERMINATOR
CALL
SCHR
GO GET IT
SUI
'0'
REMOVE ASCII BIAS
*
DEFLT EQU
$
CNVRT TO INTERNAL BIT FOR TAPE CONTROL
ANI
1
JUST BIT ZERO
MVI
A,TAPE1 ASSUME TAPE ONE
JNZ
STUNT IF NON ZERO, IT IS ONE
RAR
.
ELSE MAKE IT TAPE TWO
STUNT STA
FNUMF SET IT IN
RET
*
*
*
*
THIS ROUTINE PROCESSES THE XEQ AND GET COMMANDS
*
*
TXEQ
DB
3EH
THIS BEGINS "MVI" OF THE "XRA" FOLLOWING
TLOAD XRA
A
A=0 TLOAD, A=AF (#0) THEN XEQ
PUSH
PSW
SAVE FLAG TO SAY WHETHER LOAD OR XEQ

C4A3
C4A6
C4A9
C4AC

21
CD
21
CD

C4AF
C4B0
C4B3
C4B4
C4B5
C4B8
C4BB
C4BC
C4BF
C4C0
C4C3

EB
21
7E
B7
C2
21
E5
CD
E1
CD
DA

C4C6
C4C9
C4CA
C4CB
C4CC
C4CF
C4D0
C4D3
C4D6
C4D7
C4DA
C4DD

CD
F1
B7
C8
3A
B7
FA
3A
B7
C2
2A
C3

2C
54
00
A5

C8
C4
00
C3

2C C8
BB C4
1C C8
44 C5
C7 C6
10 C5
4C C5

22 C8
10 C5
21 C8
10 C5
27 C8
4C C4

C4E0
C4E3
C4E6
C4E7
C4EA
C4EB
C4EC
C4EF
C4F2
C4F3
C4F4
C4F5
C4F6
C4F7
C4F8
C4F9
C4FB
C4FC
C4FD
C4FE
C501

C4E0
CD 51
CD 78
E5
CD 78
E3
E5
CD A5
22 25
E1
D1
E5
7B
95
6F
7A
DE 00
94
67
23
22 23
E5

C502
C505
C508
C50B
C50C
C50D

CD
21
CD
D1
E1
C3

44 C5
1C C8
AB C7

C510
C513
C515
C518
C51B
C51E

CD
16
21
CD
CD
C3

42
06
21
66
4C
15

C4
C3
C3
C3
C8

C8

8C C7

C3
C5
C5
C5
C2

C521 45 52 52 4F
52 20

1098
1099
1100
1101
1102
1103
1104
1105
1106
1107
1108
1109
1110
1111
1112
1113
1114
1115
1116
1117
1118
1119
1120
1121
1122
1123
1124
1125
1126
1127
1128
1129
1130
1131
1132
1133
1134
1135
1136
1137
1138
1139
1140
1141
1142
1143
1144
1145
1146
1147
1148
1149
1150
1151
1152
1153
1154
1155
1156
1157
1158
1159
1160
1161
1162
1163
1164
1165
1166
1167
1168
1169
1170
1171
1172
1173
1174
1175
1176
1177
1178
1179
1180
1181

*
TLOA2

TLOA3

LXI
CALL
LXI
CALL

H,DHEAD PLACE DUMMY HDR HERE FOR COMPARES
NAME
SET IN NAME AND UNIT
H,0
ASSUME LOAD ADDR NOT GIVEN
PSCAN HL EITHER =0, OR OVERRIDE LOAD ADDR

XCHG
LXI
MOV
ORA
JNZ
LXI
PUSH
CALL
POP
CALL
JC

.
PUT ADDRESS IN DE
H,DHEAD PT TO NORMAL HDR
A,M
GET 1ST CHAR OF NAME
A
IS THERE A NAME?
TLOA3 YES--LOOK FOR IT
H,THEAD PT TO SAME HDR TO LOAD NEXT FILE
H
SAVE PTR TO WHICH HDR TO USE
ALOAD GET UNIT AND SPEED
H
RESTORE PTR TO PROPER HDR TO USE
RTAPE READ IN THE TAPE
TAERR TAPE ERROR?

CALL
POP
ORA
RZ
LDA
ORA
JM
LDA
ORA
JNZ
LHLD
JMP

NAOUT PUT OUT THE HEADER PARAMETERS
PSW
RESTORE FLAG SAYING WHETHER IT WAS LOAD OR XEQ
A
.
AUTO XEQ NOT WANTED
HTYPE CHECK TYPE
A
SET FLAGS
TAERR TYPE IS NON XEQ
THEAD+5
A
TAERR THE BYTE MUST BE ZERO FOR AUTO XEQ
XEQAD GET THE TAPE ADDRESS
EXEC1 AND GO OFF TO IT

*

*
*
*
*
THIS ROUTINE IS USED TO SAVE PROGRAMS AND DATA ON
*
THE CASSETTE UNIT.
*
*
TSAVE EQU
$
SAVE MEMORY IMAGE TO TAPE
CALL
NAME0 GET NAME AND UNIT
CALL
SCONV GET START ADDRESS
PUSH
H
SAVE START ADDR FOR SIZE COMPUTATION LATER
CALL
SCONV GET END ADDR (REQUIRED)
XTHL
.
HL=START ADDR NOW, STACK=END ADDR
PUSH
H
STACK =START FOLLOWED BY END
CALL
PSCAN SEE IF RETRIEVE FROM ADDR
SHLD
LOADR EITHER ACTUAL START, OR OVERRIDE INTO HDR
POP
H
HL=START ADDR
POP
D
DE=END ADDR
PUSH
H
PUT START BACK ONTO STACK
MOV
A,E
SIZE=END-START+1
SUB
L
MOV
L,A
MOV
A,D
SBI
0
THIS EQUALS A SBB H
SUB
H
THIS IS NEEDED
MOV
H,A
INX
H
SHLD
BLOCK STORE THE SIZE
PUSH
H
SAVE AS THE BLOCK SIZE
*
CALL
ALOAD GET UNIT AND SPEED
LXI
H,THEAD PT TO HEADER TO WRITE
CALL
WHEAD TURN TAPE ON, THEN WRITE HEADER
POP
D
GET BACK THE SIZE
POP
H
AND GET BACK THE ACTUAL START ADDR
JMP
WTAP1 WHITE THE BLK (W/EXTRA PUSH)
*
*
OUTPUT ERROR AND HEADER
*
TAERR CALL
CRLF
MVI
D,6
LXI
H,ERRM
CALL
NLOOP OUTPUT ERROR
CALL
NAOUT THEN THE HEADER
JMP
COMN1
*
ERRM
ASC
!ERROR !
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*

CAT COMMAND
THIS ROUTINE READS HEADERS FROM THE TAPE AND OUTPUTS
THEM TO THE OUTPUT DEVICE. IT CONTINUES UNTIL THE
MODE KEY IS DEPRESSED.

C527
C527 CD 51 C4
C52A CD 42 C3
C52D
C530
C532
C535
C538
C53B
C53E
C541

CD
06
CD
CD
DA
C2
CD
C3

44
01
EB
1F
15
35
4C
2D

C5
C7
C7
C2
C5
C5
C5

C544
C547
C54A
C54B

21 54 C8
3A 0D C8
B6
C9

C54C
C54E
C551
C554
C557
C55A
C55D
C560
C563

16
21
CD
CD
2A
CD
2A
CD
C3

C566
C567
C568
C56B
C56D
C570
C571
C572
C575

7E
B7
C2 6D C5
3E 20
C56D
CD 10 C4
23
15
C2 66 C5
C9

C576
C579
C57C
C57D
C580
C581
C584
C587

CD
CA
D5
CD
E3
11
CD
C3

C58A
C58B
C58E
C590
C593

C58A
B7
CA 90 C5
3E 20
32 0D C8
C9

08
1B
66
F7
25
D9
23
D9
42

C8
C5
C3
C8
C3
C8
C3
C3

59 C3
6B C4
78 C3
11 C3
91 C2
82 C2

C594
C594 78
C595
C595 32 0B C8
C598 C9

1182
1183
1184
1185
1186
1187
1188
1189
1190
1191
1192
1193
1194
1195
1196
1197
1198
1199
1200
1201
1202
1203
1204
1205
1206
1207
1208
1209
1210
1211
1212
1213
1214
1215
1216
1217
1218
1219
1220
1221
1222
1223
1224
1225
1226
1227
1228
1229
1230
1231
1232
1233
1234
1235
1236
1237
1238
1239
1240
1241
1242
1243
1244
1245
1246
1247
1248
1249
1250
1251
1252
1253
1254
1255
1256
1257
1258
1259
1260
1261
1262
1263
1264
1265
1266

TLIST
*
*
LLIST
LIST1

EQU
CALL
CALL

$
NAME0
CRLF

CALL
MVI
CALL
CALL
JC
JNZ
CALL
JMP

ALOAD
B,1
TON
RHEAD
COMN1
LIST1
NAOUT
LLIST

PRODUCE A LIST OF FILES ON A TAPE
GET UNIT IF ANY (NAME IS IGNORED)
START ON A FRESH LINE

TURN ON THE TAPE
TRUN OFF THE TAPE UNIT
OUTPUT THE HEADER

*
*
*
THIS ROUTINE GETS THE CASSETTE UNIT NUMBER AND
*
SPEED TO REGISTER "A" FOR THE TAPE CALLS
*
ALOAD LXI
H,FNUMF POINT TO THE UNIT SPECIFICATION
LDA
TSPD
GET THE TAPE SPEED
ORA
M
PUT THEM TOGETHER
RET
.
AND GO BACK
*
*
THIS ROUTINE OUTPUTS THE NAME AND PARAMETERS OF
*
THEAD TO THE OUTPUT DEVICE.
*
*
NAOUT MVI
D,8
LXI
H,THEAD-1 POINT TO THE HEADER
CALL
NLOOP OUTPUT THE HEADER
CALL
BOUT
ANOTHER BLANK
LHLD
LOADR NOW THE LOAD ADDRESS
CALL
ADOUT PUT IT OUT
LHLD
BLOCK AND THE BLOCK SIZE
CALL
ADOUT
JMP
CRLF
DO THE CRLF AND RETURN
*
*
NLOOP MOV
A,M
GET CHARACTER
ORA
A
JNZ
CHRLI IF IT ISN'T A ZERO
MVI
A,' ' SPACE OTHERWISE
CHRLI EQU
$
CHAR IS OK TO SEND
CALL
OUTH
OUTPUT IT FROM A REG
INX
H
DCR
D
JNZ
NLOOP
RET
*
*
*
*
*
"SET" COMMAND
*
*
THIS ROUTINE GETS THE ASSOCIATED PARAMETER AND
*
DISPATCHES TO THE PROPER ROUTINE FOR SETTING
*
MEMORY VALUES.
*
SET
CALL
SBLK
SCAN TO SECONDARY COMMAND
JZ
ERR1
MUST HAVE AT LEAST SOMETHING!!
PUSH
D
SAVE SCAN ADDRESS
CALL
SCONV CONVERT FOLLOWING VALUE
XTHL
.
HL=SAVED SCAN ADDR AND STACK=VALUE
LXI
D,SETAB SECONDARY COMMAND TAALF
CALL
FDCOM TRY TO LOCATE IT
JMP
DISP0 OFF TO IT OR ERROR IF NOT IN TBL
*
*
* THIS ROUTINE SETS THE TAPE SPEED
*
TASPD EQU
$
GET CONVERTED VALUE
ORA
A
IS IT ZERO?
JZ
SETSP YES--THAT IS A PROPER SPEED
MVI
A,32
NO--SET SPEED PROPERLY THEN
SETSP STA
TSPD
RET
*
*
STSPD EQU
$
VDM ESCAPE SEQUENCE COMES HERE
MOV
A,B
GET CHAR FOR FOLLOWING DISPD
DISPD EQU
$
SET DISPLAY SPEED
STA
SPEED
RET
*
*

C599
C599 32 06 C8
C59C C9
C59D
C59D 32 07 C8
C5A0 C9
C5A1
C5A1 22 00 C8
C5A4 C9
C5A5
C5A5 22 02 C8
C5A8 C9
C5A9
C5A9 32 22 C8
C5AC C9
C5AD
C5AD 22 27 C8
C5B0 C9
C5B1
C5B1 32 10 C8
C5B4 C9
C5B5
C5B5 32 11 C8
C5B8 C9

C5B9
C5BC
C5BF
C5C2
C5C3
C5C6
C5C9
C5CC
C5CD
C5CF
C5D0
C5D1
C5D2
C5D3
C5D4
C5D5
C5D6
C5D7
C5D8
C5D9
C5DA
C5DB

C5B9
CD 51
21 18
CD A5
E5
21 1C
CD 8E
CA CF
1B
36 00
C5CF
7E
12
13
23
7E
12
13
E1
EB
73
23
72
C9

C4
C2
C3
C8
C2
C5

1267
1268
1269
1270
1271
1272
1273
1274
1275
1276
1277
1278
1279
1280
1281
1282
1283
1284
1285
1286
1287
1288
1289
1290
1291
1292
1293
1294
1295
1296
1297
1298
1299
1300
1301
1302
1303
1304
1305
1306
1307
1308
1309
1310
1311
1312
1313
1314
1315
1316
1317
1318
1319
1320
1321
1322
1323
1324
1325
1326
1327
1328
1329
1330
1331
1332
1333
9999
1334
1335
1336
1337
1338
1339
1340
1341
1342
1343
1344
1345
1346
1347
1348
1349
1350

SETIN
*
*
SETOT
*
*
SETCI
*
*
SETCO
*
*
SETTY
*
*
SETXQ
*
*
SETNU
*
*
SETCR
*
*
CUSET

CUSE2

EQU
STA
RET

$
IPORT

SET AN INPUT PSUEDO PORT

EQU
STA
RET

$
OPORT

SET AN OUTPUT PSUEDO PORT

EQU
SHLD
RET

$
UIPRT

DEFINE USER INPUT RTN ADDR

EQU
SHLD
RET

$
UOPRT

DEFINE USER OUTPUT RTN ADDR

EQU
STA
RET

$
HTYPE

SET TAPE HDR TYPE

EQU
SHLD
RET

$
XEQAD

SET TAPE-EXECUTE ADDDR FOR HDR

EQU
STA
RET

$
NUCNT
.

HERE TO SET NUMBER OF NULLS
THIS IS IT

EQU
STA
RET

$
IGNCR
.

SET CRC TO BE NORMAL, OR IGNORE CRC ERRORS
FF=IGNORE CRC ERRORS, ELSE=NORMAL

EQU
CALL
LXI
CALL
PUSH
LXI
CALL
JZ
DCX
MVI
EQU
MOV
STAX
INX
INX
MOV
STAX
INX
POP
XCHG
MOV
INX
MOV
RET

$
TRY TO SET/CLEAR CUSTOM ROUTINE ADDR
NAME0 GET A NAME (S/B 2 CHARS OR MORE)
H,COMND PT HERE IN CASE ADDR NOT GIVEN
PSCAN GET OPTIONAL OPERAND IF ANY
H
SAVE THAT VALUE (IF ANY)
H,THEAD PT TO NAME
FDCOU SEE IF NAME IS KNOWN IN CUST TABLE
CUSE2 NO--PROCEED TO KNOW IT
D
DE PT TO 1ST CHAR OF NAME IN TBL
M,0 (HL CAME BACK PT'ING TO THEAD) CLR THIS NAME
$
ENTER NEW ONE IN TBL
A,M GET 1ST CHAR OF NAME
D
PUT NAME INTO TABLE
D
H
A,M
GET 2ND CHAR OF NAME
D
NAME IS NOW POSTED
D
PT TO 1ST BYTE OF ADDR
H
RESTORE SAVED RTN ADDR
.
DE=RTN ADDR, HL=THIS CU ENTRY
M,E
LO BYTE
H
M,D
AND HI BYTE
.
ALL DONE

COPY

CUTER3/1

*
*
* -**
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*

3 OF 3

THE FOLLOWING ROUTINES PROVIDE "BYTE BY BYTE" ACCESS
TO THE CASSETTE TAPES ON EITHER A READ OR WRITE BASIS.
THE TAPE IS READ ONE BLOCK AT A TIME AND INDIVIDUAL
TRANSFERS OF DATA HANDLED BY MANAGING A BUFFER AREA.
THE BUFFER AREA IS CONTROLLED BY A FILE CONTROL BLOCK
(FCB) WHOSE STRUCTURE IS:
7 BYTES FOR EACH OR THE TWO FILES STRUCTURED AS
FOLLOWS:

C5DC
C5DD
C5E0
C5E3
C5E5
C5E6
C5E7
C5E8

E5
CD 2F C6
C2 F6 C5
36 01
23
77
23
77

C5E9
C5EC
C5EF
C5F0

11 63 C8
3A 54 C8
82
57

C5F1 C1
C5F2 B7
C5F3 C3 B2 C6

C5F6
C5F7
C5F8
C5F9
C5FA

E1
D1
AF
37
C9

C5FB
C5FC
C5FD
C5FE

3D
37
D1
C9

C5FF
C602
C603
C604
C605
C607

CD 2F C6
C8
B7
3C
36 00
C8

1351
1352
1353
1354
1355
1356
1357
1358
1359
1360
1361
1362
1363
1364
1365
1366
1367
1368
1369
1370
1371
1372
1373
1374
1375
1376
1377
1378
1379
1380
1381
1382
1383
1384
1385
1386
1387
1388
1389
1390
1391
1392
1393
1394
1395
1396
1397
1398
1399
1400
1401
1402
1403
1404
1405
1406
1407
1408
1409
1410
1411
1412
1413
1414
1415
1416
1417
1418
1419
1420
1421
1422
1423
1424
1425
1426
1427
1428
1429
1430
1431
1432
1433
1434
1435

*
1 BYTE - ACCESS CONTROL
00 IF CLOSED
*
FF IF READING
*
FE IF WRITING
*
1 BYTE - READ COUNTER
*
1 BYTE - BUFFER POSITION POINTER
*
2 BYTE - CONTROL HEADER ADDRESS
*
2 BYTE - BUFFER LOCATION ADDRESS
*
*
*
*
THIS ROUTINE "OPENS" THE CASSETTE UNIT FOR ACCESS
*
*
ON ENTRY: A - HAS THE TAPE UNIT NUMBER (1 OR 2)
*
HL - HAS USER SUPPLIED HEADER FOR TAPE FILE
*
*
*
NORMAL RETURN:
ALL REGISTERS ARE ALTERED
*
BLOCK TS READY FOR ACCESS
*
*
ERROR RETURN:
CARRY BIT IS SET
*
*
ERRORS: BLOCK ALREADY OPEN
*
*
BOPEN PUSH
H
SAVE HEADER ADDRESS
CALL
LFCB
GET ADDRESS OF FILE CONTROL
JNZ
TERE2 FILE WAS ALREADY OPEN
MVI
M,1
NOW IT IS
INX
H
POINT TO READ COUNT
MOV
M,A
ZERO
INX
H
POINT TO BUFFER CURSOR
MOV
M,A
PUT IN THE ZERO COUNT
*
* ALLOCATE THE BUFFER
*
LXI
D,FBUF1 POINT TO BUFFER AREA
LDA
FNUMF GET WHICH ONE WE ARE GOING TO USE
ADD
D
MOV
D,A
256 BIT ADD
*
UBUF
POP
B
HEADER ADDRESS
ORA
A
CLEAR CARRY AND RETURN AFTER STORING PARAMS
JMP
PSTOR STORE THE VALUES
*
*
GENERAL ERROR RETURN POINTS FOR STACK CONTROL
*
TERE2 POP
H
TERE1 POP
D
TERE0 XRA
A
CLEAR ALL FLAGS
STC
.
SET ERROR
RET
*
*
EOFER DCR
A
SET MINUS FLAGS
STC
.
AND CARRY
POP
D
CLEAR THE STACK
RET
.
THE FLAGS TELL ALL
*
*
*
*
*
THIS ROUTINE CLOSES THE FILE BUFFER TO ALLOW ACCESS
*
FOR A DIFFERENT CASSETTE OR PROGRAM. IF THE FILE
*
OPERATIONS WERE "WRITE" THEN THE LAST BLOCK IS WRITTED
*
OUT AND AN "END OF FILE" WRITTEN TO THE TAPE. IF
*
THE OPERATIONS WERE "READS" THEN THE FILE IS JUST
*
MADE READY FOR NEW USE.
*
*
ON ENTRY: A - HAS WHICH UNIT (1 OR 2)
*
*
ERROR RETURNS: FILE WASN'T OPEN
*
*
PCLOS CALL
LFCB
GET CONTROL BLOCK ADDRESS
RZ
.
WASN'T OPEN, CARRY IS SET FROM LFCB
ORA
A
CLEAR CARRY
INR
A
SET CONDITION FLAGS
MVI
M,0
CLOSE THE CONTROL BYTE
RZ
.
WE WERE READING...NOTHING MORE TO DO
*
*
THE FILE OPERATIONS WERE "WRITES"
*
* PUT THE CURRENT BLOCK ON THE TAPE
* (EVEN IF ONLY ONE BYTE!!)
* THEN WRITE AN END OF FILE TO THE TAPE

C608
C609
C60A
C60B
C60C
C60F
C610
C613
C614
C615

C618
C619
C61A
C61B
C61D
C61E
C61F
C620
C621
C622
C623
C626

23
23
7E
7E
CD BB C6
C5
21 07 00
09
B7
CA 27 C6

E5
77
23
36 00
23
73
23
72
60
69
CD 78 C7
E1

C627
C628
C629
C62A
C62B
C62C

AF
77
23
77
E1
C3 78 C7

C62F
C632
C633
C635
C638
C63B
C63E
C63F
C640
C641

21 55
1F
E6 01
32 54
CA 3E
21 5C
C63E
7E
B7
37
C9

C642
C645
C646
C647
C64A
C64C
C64D
C64E
C64F
C650
C653
C654

CD
C8
3C
FA
36
23
7E
E5
23
CD
E1
B7

C8
C8
C6
C8

2F C6
F8 C5
FF

BB C6

1436
1437
1438
1439
1440
1441
1442
1443
1444
1445
1446
1447
1448
1449
1450
1451
1452
1453
1454
1455
1456
1457
1458
1459
1460
1461
1462
1463
1464
1465
1466
1467
1468
1469
1470
1471
1472
1473
1474
1475
1476
1477
1478
1479
1480
1481
1482
1483
1484
1485
1486
1487
1488
1489
1490
1491
1492
1493
1494
1495
1496
1497
1498
1499
1500
1501
1502
1503
1504
1505
1506
1507
1508
1509
1510
1511
1512
1513
1514
1515
1516
1517
1518
1519
1520

*
*

*
*
*

INX
INX
MOV

H
H
A,M

CALL
PUSH
LXI
DAD
ORA
JZ

PLOAD BC GET HEADER ADDRESS, DE BUFFER ADDRESS
B
HEADER TO STACK
H,BLKOF OFFSET TO BLOCK SIZE
B
A
TEST COUNT
EOFW
NO BYTES...JUST WRITE EOF

GET CURSOR POSITION

WRITE LAST BLOCK
PUSH
MOV
INX
MVI
INX
MOV
INX
MOV
MOV
MOV
CALL
POP

H
M,A
H
M,0
H
M,E
H
M,D
H,B
L,C
WFBLK
H

SAVE BLOCK SIZE POINTER FOR EOF
PUT IN COUNT
ZERO THE HIGHER BYTE
BUFFER ADDRESS

PUT HEADER ADDRESS IN HL
GO WRITE IT OUT
BLOCK SIZE POINTER

*
*
NOW WRITE END OF FILE TO CASSETTE
*
EOFW
XRA
A
PUT IN ZEROS FOR SIZE: EOF MARK IS ZERO BYTES
MOV
M,A
INX
H
MOV
M,A
POP
H
HEADER ADDRESS
JMP
WFBLK WRITE IT OUT AND RETURN
*
*
*
*
*
THIS ROUTINE LOCATES THE FILE CONTROL BLOCK POINTED TO
*
BY REGISTER "A". ON RETURN HL POINT TO THE CONTROL BYT
*
AND REGISTER "A" HAS THE CONTROL WORD WITH THE FLAGS
*
SET FOR IMMEDIATE CONDITION DECISIONS.
*
*
LFCB
LXI
H,FCBAS POINT TO THE BASE OF IT
RAR
.
MOVE THE 1 & 2 TO 0 & 1 LIKE COMPUTERS LIKE
ANI
1
SMALL NUMBERS ARE THE RULE
STA
FNUMF CURRENT ACCESS FILE NUMBER
JZ
LFCB1 UNIT ONE (VALUE OF ZERO)
LXI
H,FCBA2 UNIT TWO--PT TO ITS FCB
LFCB1 EQU
$
HL PT TO PROPER FCB
MOV
A,M
PICK UP FLAGS FM FCB
ORA
A
SET FLAGS BASED ON CONTROL WORD
STC
SET CARRY IN CASE OF IMMEDIATE ERROR RETURN
RET
*
*
*
*
*
READ TAPE BYTE ROUTINE
*
*
ENTRY:
- A - HAS FILE NUMBER
*
EXIT: NORMAL - A - HAS BYTE
*
ERROR
*
CARRY SET
- IF FILE NOT OPEN OR
*
PREVIOUS OPERATIONS WERE WRITE
*
CARRY & MINUS - END OF FILE ENCOUNTERED
*
*
*
*
RTBYT CALL
LFCB
LOCATE THE FILE CONTROL BLOCK
RZ
.
FILE NOT OPEN
INR
A
TEST IF FF
JM
TERE0 ERROR WAS WRITING
MVI
M,-1
SET IT AS READ (IN CASE IT WAS JUST OPENED)
INX
H
MOV
A,M
GET READ COUNT
PUSH
H
SAVE COUNT ADDRESS
INX
H
CALL
PLOAD GET THE OTHER PARAMETERS
POP
H
ORA
A

C655 C2 71 C6

C658
C659
C65A
C65B
C65E
C661
C664
C665
C666
C667
C66A
C66B
C66C
C66E
C66F
C670

D5
E5
23
CD
CD
DA
E1
7B
B2
CA
73
23
36
2B
7B
D1

C671
C672
C673
C674
C675

3D
77
23
7E
34

C676
C677
C678
C67B
C67C
C67D
C67E

83
5F
D2 7C C6
14
1A
B7
C9

C67F
C682
C683
C684
C685
C687
C688
C689
C68A
C68B

CD 2F C6
C8
3C
C8
36 FE
23
23
78
F5
E5

C68C
C68F
C690
C691
C692
C693
C696
C697
C698
C699
C69A
C69B

CD BB C6
E1
7E
83
5F
D2 97 C6
14
F1
12
B7
34
C0

A2 C6
C4 C6
F6 C5

FB C5
00

C69C CD A2 C6
C69F C3 78 C7

1521
1522
1523
1524
1525
1526
1527
1528
1529
1530
1531
1532
1533
1534
1535
1536
1537
1538
1539
1540
1541
1542
1543
1544
1545
1546
1547
1548
1549
1550
1551
1552
1553
1554
1555
1556
1557
1558
1559
1560
1561
1562
1563
1564
1565
1566
1567
1568
1569
1570
1571
1572
1573
1574
1575
1576
1577
1578
1579
1580
1581
1582
1583
1584
1585
1586
1587
1588
1589
1590
1591
1592
1593
1594
1595
1596
1597
1598
1599
1600
1601
1602
1603
1604
1605

JNZ
GTBYT IF NOT EMPTY GO GET BYTE
*
* CURSOR POSITION WAS ZERO...READ A NEW BLOCK INTO
* THE BUFFER.
*
RDNBLK PUSH
D
BUFFER POINTER
PUSH
H
TABLE ADDRESS
INX
H
CALL
PHEAD PREPARE THE HEADER FOR READ
CALL
RFBLK READ IN THE BLOCK
JC
TERE2 ERROR POP OFF STACK BEFORE RETURN
POP
H
MOV
A,E
LOW BYTE OF COUNT (WILL BE ZERO IF 256)
ORA
D
SEE IF BOTH ARE ZERO
JZ
EOFER BYTE COUNT WAS ZERO....END OF FILE
MOV
M,E
NEW COUNT ( ZERO IS 256 AT THIS POINT)
INX
H
BUFFER LOCATION POINTER
MVI
M,0
DCX
H
MOV
A,E
COUNT TO A
POP
D
GET BACK BUFFER ADDRESS
*
*
*
*
THIS ROUTINE GETS ONE BYTE FROM THE BUFFER
* AND RETURNS IT IN REGISTER "A". IF THE END
* OF THE BUFFER IS REACHED IT MOVES THE POINTER
* TO THE BEGINNING OF THE BUFFER FOR THE NEXT
* LOAD.
*
GTBYT DCR
A
BUMP THE COUNT
MOV
M,A
RESTORE IT
INX
H
MOV
A,M
GET BUFFER POSITION
INR
M
BUMP IT
*
ADD
E
MOV
E,A
DE NOW POINT TO CORRECT BUFFER POSITION
JNC
RT1
INR
D
RT1
LDAX
D
GET CHARACTER FROM BUFFER
ORA
A
CLEAR CARRY
RET
.
ALL DONE
*
*
*
*
*
THIS ROUTINE IS USED TO WRITE A BYTE TO THE FILE
*
*
ON ENTRY:
A - HAS FILE NUMBER
*
B - HAS DATA BYTE
*
*
WTBYT CALL
LFCB
GET CONTROL BLOCK
RZ
.
FILE WASN'T OPEN
INR
A
RZ
.
FILE WAS READ
MVI
M,0FEH SET IT TO WRITE
INX
H
INX
H
MOV
A,B
GET CHARACTER
PUSH
PSW
PUSH
H
SAVE CONTROL ADDRESS+2
*
*
NOW DO THE WRITE
*
CALL
PLOAD BC GETS HEADER ADDR, DE BUFFER ADDRESS
POP
H
MOV
A,M
COUNT BYTE
ADD
E
MOV
E,A
JNC
WT1
INR
D
WT1
POP
PSW
CHARACTER
STAX
D
PUT CHR IN BUFFER
ORA
A
CLEAR FLAGS
INR
M
INCREMENT THE COUNT
RNZ
.
RETURN IF COUNT DIDN'T ROLL OVER
*
*
THE BUFFER IS FULL. WRITE IT TO TAPE AND RESET
* CONTROL BLOCK.
*
CALL
PHEAD PREPARE THE HEADER
JMP
WFBLK WRITE IT OUT AND RETURN
*

C6A2
C6A5
C6A6
C6A9
C6AA
C6AD
C6B0
C6B1

CD
C5
21
09
01
CD
E1
C9

C6B2
C6B3
C6B4
C6B5
C6B6
C6B7
C6B8
C6B9
C6BA

23
71
23
70
23
73
23
72
C9

C6BB
C6BC
C6BD
C6BE
C6BF
C6C0
C6C1
C6C2
C6C3

23
4E
23
46
23
5E
23
56
C9

BB C6
06 00
00 01
B2 C6

C6C4 CD DA C7

C6C7
C6C8
C6CA
C6CD

D5
06 03
CD EB C7
DB FB

C6CF
C6D0
C6D3
C6D4
C6D7

E5
CD 1F C7
E1
DA 02 C7
C2 CF C6

C6DA
C6DB
C6DE
C6E1
C6E2

E5
11 1C C8
CD CE C7
E1
C2 CF C6

C6E5
C6E6
C6E7
C6E8
C6EB

D1
7A
B3
2A 23 C8
EB

C6EC C2 F2 C6
C6EF 2A 25 C8

1606
1607
1608
1609
1610
1611
1612
1613
1614
1615
1616
1617
1618
1619
1620
1621
1622
1623
1624
1625
1626
1627
1628
1629
1630
1631
1632
1633
1634
1635
1636
1637
1638
1639
1640
1641
1642
1643
1644
1645
1646
1647
1648
1649
1650
1651
1652
1653
1654
1655
1656
1657
1658
1659
1660
1661
1662
1663
1664
1665
1666
1667
1668
1669
1670
1671
1672
1673
1674
1675
1676
1677
1678
1679
1680
1681
1682
1683
1684
1685
1686
1687
1688
1689
1690

*
*
*
* THIS ROUTINE PUTS THE BLOCK SIZE (256) AND BUFFER
* ADDRESS IN THE FILE HEADER.
*
PHEAD CALL
PLOAD GET HEADER AND BUFFER ADDRESSES
PUSH
B
HEADER ADDRESS
LXI
H,BLKOF-1 PSTOR DOES AN INCREMENT
DAD
B
HL POINT TO BLOCKSIZE ENTRY
LXI
B,256
CALL
PSTOR
POP
H
HL RETURN WITH HEADER ADDRESS
RET
*
*
PSTOR INX
H
MOV
M,C
INX
H
MOV
M,B
INX
H
MOV
M,E
INX
H
MOV
M,D
RET
*
*
PLOAD INX
H
MOV
C,M
INX
H
MOV
B,M
INX
H
MOV
E,M
INX
H
MOV
D,M
RET
*
*
*
*
*
*
THIS ROUTINE SETS THE CORRECT UNIT FOR SYSTEM READS
RFBLK CALL
GTUNT SET UP A=UNTT WITH SPEED
*
*
*
*
*
TAPE READ ROUTINES
*
*
ON-ENTRY:
A HAS UNIT AND SPEED
*
HL POINT TO HEADER BLOCK
*
DE HAVE OPTIONAL PUT ADDRESS
*
*
ON EXIT:
CARRY IS SET IF ERROR OCCURED
*
TAPE UNITS ARE OFF
*
*
RTAPE PUSH
D
SAVE OPTIONAL ADDRESS
MVI
B,3
SHORT DELAY
CALL
TON
IN
TDATA CLEAR THE UART FLAGS
*
PTAP1 PUSH
H
HEADER ADDRESS
CALL
RHEAD GO READ HEADER
POP
H
JC
TERR
IF AN ERROR OR ESC WAS RECEIVED
JNZ
PTAP1 IF VALID HEADER NOT FOUND
*
* FOUND A VALID HEADER NOW DO COMPARE
*
PUSH
H
GET BACK AND RESAVE ADDRESS
LXI
D,THEAD
CALL
DHCMP COMPARE DE-HL HEADERS
POP
H
JNZ
PTAP1
*
*
POP
D
OPTIONAL "PUT" ADDRESS
MOV
A,D
ORA
E
SEE IF DE IS ZERO
LHLD
BLOCK GET BLOCK SIZE
XCHG
.
...TO DE
* DE HAS HBLOCK....HL HAS USER OPTION
JNZ
RTAP
IF DE WAS ZERO GET TAPE LOAD ADDRESS
LHLD
LOADR GET TAPE LOAD ADDRESS

C6F2 D5
C6F3
C6F3 CD 11 C7
C6F6 CA 0C C7
C6F9 CD 40 C7
C6FC DA 02 C7
C6FF CA F3 C6

C702 AF
C703 37
C704 C3 0D C7
C707
C709
C70C
C70D
C70F
C710

06 01
CD ED C7
AF
D3 FA
D1
C9

C711
AF
47
B2
C2 1C C7
B3
C8
43
5A
C9
C71C
C71C 15
C71D B7
C71E C9
C711
C712
C713
C714
C717
C718
C719
C71A
C71B

C71F
C721
C724
C725
C727
C728
C72B
C72C

06
CD
D8
DB
B7
C2
05
C2

0A
59 C7

C72F
C732
C733
C735
C738

CD
D8
FE
DA
C2

6B C7

FB
1F C7
21 C7

01
2F C7
1F C7

C73B 21 1C C8
C73E 06 10
C740
C740 0E 00
C742
C742 CD 6B C7
C745 D8
C746 77
C747 23
C748 CD A4 C7
C74B 05
C74C C2 42 C7

1691
1692
1693
1694
1695
1696
1697
1698
1699
1700
1701
1702
1703
1704
1705
1706
1707
1708
1709
1710
1711
1712
1713
1714
1715
1716
1717
1718
1719
1720
1721
1722
1723
1724
1725
1726
1727
1728
1729
1730
1731
1732
1733
1734
1735
1736
1737
1738
1739
1740
1741
1742
1743
1744
1745
1746
1747
1748
1749
1750
1751
1752
1753
1754
1755
1756
1757
1758
1759
1760
1761
1762
1763
1764
1765
1766
1767
1768
1769
1770
1771
1772
1773
1774
1775

*
*
*
THIS ROUTINE READS "DE" BYTES FROM THE TAPE
*
TO ADDRESS HL. THE BYTES MUST BE FROM ONE
*
CONTIGUOUS PHYSICAL BLOCK ON THE TAPE.
*
*
HL HAS "PUT" ADDRESS
*
DE HAS SIZE OF TAPE BLOCK
*
RTAP
PUSH
D
SAVE SIZE FOR RETURN TO CALLING PROGRAM
*
RTAP2 EQU
$
HERE TO LOOP RDING RLKS
CALL
DCRCT DROP COUNT, B=LEN THIS BLK
JZ
RTOFF ZERO=ALL DONE
*
CALL
RHED1 READ THAT MANY BYTES
JC
TERR
IF ERROR OR ESC
JZ
RTAP2 RD OK--READ SOME MORE
*
* ERROR RETURN
*
TERR
XRA
A
STC
.
SET ERROR FLAGS
JMP
RTOF1
*
*
TOFF
MVI
B,1
CALL
DELAY
RTOFF XRA
A
RTOF1 OUT
TAPPT
POP
D
RETURN BYTE COUNT
RET
*
*
DCRCT EQU
$
COMMON RTN TO COUNT DOWN BLK LENGTHS
XRA
A
CLR FOR LATER TESTS
MOV
B,A
SET THIS BLK LEN=256
ORA
D
IS AMNT LEFT < 256
JNZ
DCRC2 NO--REDUCE AMNT BY 256
ORA
E
IS ENTIRE COUNT ZERO
RZ
ALL DONE--ZERO THIS CONDITIOL
MOV
B,E
SET THIS BLK LEN TO AMNT REMAININ(',
MOV
E,D
MAKE ENTIRE COUNT ZERO NOW
RET
.
ALL DONE (NON-ZERO FLAG)
DCRC2 EQU
$
REDUCE COUNT BY 256
DCR
D
DROP BY 256
ORA
A
FORCE NON-ZERO FLAG
RET
NON-ZERO=NOT DONE YET (BLK LEN=256)
*
*
*
READ THE HEADER
*
RHEAD MVI
B,10
FIND 10 NULLS
RHEA1 CALL
STAT
RC
.
IF ESCAPE
IN
TDATA IGNORE ERROR CONDITIONS
ORA
A
ZERO?
JNZ
RHEAD
DCR
B
JNZ
RHEA1 LOOP UNTIL 10 IN A ROW
*
*
WAIT FOR THE START CHARACTER
*
SOHL
CALL
TAPIN
RC
.
ERROR OR ESCAPE
CPI
1
ARE WE AT THE 01 YET (START CHAR)
JC
SOHL
NO, BUT STIL ZEROES
JNZ
RHEAD NO, LOOK FOR ANOTHER 10 NULLS
*
*
WE HAVE 10 (OR MORE) NULLS FOLLOWED IMMEDIATELY
*
BY AN 01. NOW READ THE HEADER.
*
LXI
H,THEAD POINT TO BUFFER
MVI
B,HLEN LENGTH TO READ
*
RHED1 EQU
$
RD A BLOCK INTO HL FOR B BYTES
MVI
C,0
INIT THE CRC
RHED2 EQU
$
LOOP HERE
CALL
TAPIN GET A BYTE
RC
MOV
M,A
STORE IT
INX
H
INCREMENT ADDRESS
CALL
DOCRC GO COMPUTE THE CRC
DCR
B
WHOLE HEADER YET?
JNZ
RHED2 DO ALL THE BYTES

C74F
C752
C753
C754
C757

CD 6B C7
A9
C8
3A 11 C8
3C

C758 C9

C759
C75B
C75D
C75E
C761
C764
C766
C769
C76A

DB
E6
C0
CD
CA
E6
C2
37
C9

FA
40
1F C0
59 C7
7F
59 C7

C76B CD 59 C7
C76E D8
C76F
C771
C773
C775
C776
C777

DB FA
E6 18
DB FB
C8
37
C9

C778 CD DA C7

C77B
C77C
C77F
C780
C783
C784
C785
C786
C787
C788
C789
C78A
C78B

C77B
E5
CD AB C7
E1
11 07 00
19
5E
23
56
23
7E
23
66
6F

C78C
C78C E5
C78D
C78D CD 11
C790 CA 07
C793 CD BF
C796 C3 8D
C799
C79A
C79C
C79E
C7A1

C7
C7
C7
C7

F5
DB FA
E6 80
CA 9A C7
F1

1776
1777
1778
1779
1780
1781
1782
1783
1784
1785
1786
1787
1788
1789
1790
1791
1792
1793
1794
1795
1796
1797
1798
1799
1800
1801
1802
1803
1804
1805
1806
1807
1808
1809
1810
1811
1812
1813
1814
1815
1816
1817
1818
1819
1820
1821
1822
1823
1824
1825
1826
1827
1828
1829
1830
1831
1832
1833
1834
1835
1836
1837
1838
1839
1840
1841
1842
1843
1844
1845
1846
1847
1848
1849
1850
1851
1852
1853
1854
1855
1856
1857
1858
1859
1860

*
*
THIS ROUTINE GETS THE NEXT BYTE AND COMPARES IT
* TO THE VALUE IN REGISTER C. THE FLAGS ARE SET ON
* RETURN.
*
CALL
TAPIN GET CRC BYTE
XRA
C
CLR CARRY AND SET ZERO IF MATCH, ELSE NON-ZERO
RZ
.
CRC IS FINE
LDA
IGNCR BAD CRC, SHD WE STILL ACCEPT IT
INR
A
SEE IF IT WAS FF, IF FF THEN ZERO SAYS IGN ERR
*
NOW, CRC ERR DETECTION DEPENDS ON IGNCR.
RET
*
*
THIS ROUTINE GETS THE NEXT AVAILABLE BYTE FROM THE
* TAPE. WHILE WAITING FOR THE BYTE THE KEYBOARD IS TESTED
* FOR AN ESC COMMAND. IF RECEIVED THE TAPE LOAD IS
* TERMINATED AND A RETURN TO THE COMMAND MODE IS MADE.
*
STAT
IN
TAPPT TAPE STATUS PORT
ANI
TDR
RNZ
CALL
SINP
CHECK INPUT
JZ
STAT
NOTHING THERE YET
ANI
7FH
CLEAR PARITY 1ST
JNZ
STAT
EITHER MODE OR CTL-@
STC
.
SET ERROR FLAG
RET
.
AND RETURN
*
*
*
TAPIN CALL
STAT
WAIT UNTIL A CHARACTER IS AVAILABLE
RC
*
TREDY IN
TAPPT TAPE STATUS
ANI
TFE+TOE DATA ERROR?
IN
TDATA GET THE DATA
RZ
.
IF NO ERRORS
STC
.
SET ERROR FLAG
RET
*
*
* THIS ROUTINE GETS THE CORRECT UNIT FOR SYSTEM WRITES
WFBLK CALL
GTUNT SET UP A WITH UNIT AND SPEED
*
*
*
*
WRITE TAPE BLOCK ROUTINE
*
*
ON ENTRY:
A
HAS UNIT AND SPEED
*
HL
HAS POINTER TO HEADER
*
*
WTAPE EQU
$
HERE TO WRITE TAPE
PUSH
H
SAVE HEADER ADDRESS
CALL
WHEAD TURN ON, THEN WRITE HDR
POP
H
LXI
D,BLKOF OFFSET TO BLOCK SIZE IN HEADER
DAD
D
HL POINT TO BLOCK SIZE
MOV
E,M
INX
H
MOV
D,M
DE HAVE SIZE
INX
H
MOV
A,M
INX
H
MOV
H,M
MOV
L,A
HL HAVE STARTING ADDRESS
*
*
THIS ROUTINE WRITES ONE PHYSICAL BLOCK ON THE
* TAPE "DE" BYTES LONG FROM ADDRESS "HL".
*
*
WTAP1 EQU
$
HERE FOR THE EXTRA PUSH
PUSH
H
A DUMMY PUSH FOR LATER EXIT
WTAP2 EQU
$
LOOP HERE UNTIL ENTIRE AMOUNT READ
CALL
DCRCT DROP COUNT IN DE AND SET UP B W/LEN THIS BLK
JZ
TOFF
RETURNS ZERO IF ALL DONE
CALL
WTBL
WRITE BLOCK FOR BYTES IN B (256)
JMP
WTAP2 LOOP UNTIL ALL DONE
*
*
WRTAP PUSH
PSW
WRWAT IN
TAPPT TAPE STATUS
ANI
TTBE
IS TAPE READY FOR A CHAR YET
JZ
WRWAT NO--WAIT
POP
PSW
YES--RESTORE CHAR TO OUTPUT

C7A2 D3 FB
C7A4
C7A5
C7A6
C7A7
C7A8
C7A9
C7AA

C7A4
91
4F
A9
2F
91
4F
C9

C7AB
C7AE
C7B0
C7B1
C7B4
C7B5

C7AB
CD E9 C7
16 32
AF
CD 99 C7
15
C2 B0 C7

C7B8 3E 01
C7BA CD 99 C7
C7BD 06 10
C7BF
C7C1
C7C2
C7C5
C7C6
C7C7
C7CA
C7CB

0E
7E
CD
05
23
C2
79
C3

00

C7CE
C7D0
C7D1
C7D2
C7D3
C7D4
C7D5
C7D6
C7D7

06 05
1A
BE
C0
05
C8
23
13
C3 D0 C7

C7DA
C7DD
C7DE
C7E1
C7E4
C7E6
C7E8

C7DA
3A 54 C8
B7
3A 0D C8
C2 E6 C7
C6 40
C6 40
C9

99 C7
C1 C7
99 C7

C7E9 06 04
C7EB
C7EB D3 FA
C7ED
C7F0
C7F1
C7F2
C7F3
C7F6
C7F7
C7FA

11 00 00
1B
7A
B3
C2 F0 C7
05
C2 ED C7
C9

CC00

1861
1862
1863
1864
1865
1866
1867
1868
1869
1870
1871
1872
1873
1874
1875
1876
1877
1878
1879
1880
1881
1882
1883
1884
1885
1886
1887
1888
1889
1890
1891
1892
1893
1894
1895
1896
1897
1898
1899
1900
1901
1902
1903
1904
1905
1906
1907
1908
1909
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1915
1916
1917
1918
1919
1920
1921
1922
1923
1924
1925
1926
1927
1928
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
1936
1937
1938
1939
1940
1941
1942
1943
1944
1945

*
DOCRC

OUT

TDATA

SEND CHAR TO TAPE

EQU
SUB
MOV
XRA
CMA
SUB
MOV
RET

$
C
C,A
C

A COMMON CRC COMPUTATION ROUTINE

C
C,A
.

ONE BYTE NOW WRITTEN
*
*
*
THIS ROUTINE WRITES THE HEADER POINTED TO BY
*
HL TO THE TAPE.
*
WHEAD EQU
$
HERE TO 1ST TURN ON THE TAPE
CALL
WTON
TURN IT ON, THEN WRITE HEADER
MVI
D,50
WRITE 50 ZEROS
NULOP XRA
A
CALL
WRTAP
DCR
D
JNZ
NULOP
*
MVI
A,1
CALL
WRTAP
MVI
B,HLEN LENGTH TO WRITE OUT
*
WTBL
MVI
C,0
RESET CRC BYTE
WLOOP MOV
A,M
GET CHARACTER
CALL
WRTAP WRITE IT TO THE TAPE
DCR
B
INX
H
JNZ
WLOOP
MOV
A,C
GET CRC
JMP
WRTAP PUT IT ON THE TAPE AND RETURN
*
*
*
THIS ROUTINE COMPARES THE HEADER IN THEAD TO
*
THE USER SUPPLIED HEADER IN ADDRESS HL.
*
ON RETURN IF ZERO IS SET THE TWO NAMES COMPARED
*
DHCMP MVI
B,5
DHLOP LDAX
D
CMP
M
RNZ
DCR
B
RZ
.
IF ALL FIVE COMPARED
INX
H
INX
D
JMP
DHLOP
*
GTUNT EQU
$
SET A=SPEED + UNIT
LDA
FNUMF GET UNIT
ORA
A
SEE WHICH UNIT
LDA
TSPD
BUT 1ST GET SPEED
JNZ
GTUN2 MAKE IT UNIT TWO
ADI
TAPE2 THIS ONCE=UNIT 2, TWICE=UNIT 1
GTUN2 ADI
TAPE2 UNIT AND SPEED NOW SET IN A
RET
.
ALL DONE
*
WTON
MVI
B,4
SET LOOP DELAY (BIT LONGER ON A WRITE)
TON
EQU
$
HERE TO TURN A TAPE ON THEN DELAY
OUT
TAPPT GET TAPE MOVING, THEN DELAY
*
DELAY LXI
D,0
DLOP1 DCX
D
MOV
A,D
ORA
E
JNZ
DLOP1
DCR
B
JNZ
DELAY
RET
*
*
***** -- END OF PROGRAM-*
*
*
*
*
S Y S T E M
E Q U A T E S
*
*
*
VDM PARAMETERS
*
VDMEM EQU
0CC00H VDM SCREEN MEMORY

001A
0017
0001
0013
000B
000E
0000
005F
000A
000D
0020
0020
0018
001B

0000
0001
0002
0003
00C8
00FA
00FB
00FF

0001
0002
0004
0008
0010
0020
0040
0080
0001
0002
0004
0008
0010
0040
0080
0001
0080
0040

C800
C800
CBFF

C800
C802
C804
C806
C807
C808
C809
C80A
C80B
C80C
C80D
C80E

1946
1947
1948
1949
1950
1951
1952
1953
1954
1955
1956
1957
1958
1959
1960
1961
1962
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1962
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
2026
2027
2028
2029
2030

*
*
*
KEYBOARD SPECIAL KEY ASSIGNMENTS
*
* THESE DEFINITIONS ARE DESIGNED TO ALLOW
* COMPATABILITY WITH SOLOS(TM). THESE ARE THE
* SAME KEYS WITH BIT 7 (X'80') STRIPPED OFF.
*
DOWN
EQU
1AH
CTL Z
UP
EQU
17H
CIL W
LEFT
EQU
01H
CTL A
RIGHT EQU
13H
CTL S
CLEAR EQU
0BH
CTL K
HOME
EQU
0EH
CTL N
MODE
EQU
D0H
CTL-@
BACKS EQU
5FH
BACKSPACE
LF
EQU
10
CR
EQU
13
BLANK EQU
' '
SPACE EQU
BLANK
CX
EQU
'X'-40H
ESC
EQU
1BH
*
*
PORT ASSIGNMENTS
*
STAPT EQU
0
STATUS PORT GENERAL
SDATA EQU
1
SERIAL DATA
PDATA EQU
2
PARALLEL DATA
KDATA EQU
3
KEYBOARD DATA
DSTAT EQU
0C8H
VDM CONTROL PORT
TAPPT EQU
0FAH
TAPE STATUS PORT
TDATA EQU
0FBH
TAPE DATA PORT
SENSE EQU
0FFH
SENSE SWITCHES
*
*
*
*
BIT ASSIGNMENT MASKS
*
SCD
EQU
1
SERIAL CARRIER DETECT
SDSR
EQU
2
SERIAL DATA SET READY
SPE
EQU
4
SERIAL PARITY ERROR
SFE
EQU
8
SERIAL FRAMING ERROR
SOE
EQU
16
SERIAL OVERRUN ERROR
SCTS
EQU
32
SERIAL CLEAR TO SEND
SDR
EQU
64
SERIAL DATA READY
STBE
EQU
128
SERIAL TRANSMITTER BUFFER EMPTY
*
KDR
EQU
1
KEYBOARD DATA READY
PDR
EQU
2
PARALLEL DATA READY
PXDR
EQU
4
PARALLEL DEVICE READY
TFE
EQU
8
TAPE FRAMING ERROR
TOE
EQU
16
TAPE OVERFLOW ERROR
TDR
EQU
64
TAPE DATA READY
TTBE
EQU
128
TAPE TRANSMITTER BUFFER EMPTY
*
SOK
EQU
1
SCROLL OK FLAG
*
TAPE1 EQU
80H
1=TURN TAPE ONE ON
TAPE2 EQU
40H
1=TURN TAPE TWO ON
*
*
*
*
*
S Y S T E M
G L O B A L
A R E A
*
ORG
START+0800H
RAM STARTS JUST AFTER ROM
*
SYSRAM EQU
$
START OF SYSTEM RAM
SYSTP EQU
SYSRAM+3FFH STACK WORKS FM TOP DOWN
*
*
*
PARAMETERS STORED IN RAM
*
UIPRT DS
2
USER DEFINED INPUT RTN IF NON ZERO
UOPRT DS
2
USER DEFINED OUTPUT RTN IF NON ZERO
DFLTS DS
2
DEFAULT PSUEDO I/O PORTS
IPORT DS
1
CRNT INPUT PSUEDO PORT
OPORT DS
1
CRNT OUTPUT PSUEDO PORT
NCHAR DS
1
CURRENT CHARACTER POSITION
LINE
DS
1
CURRENT LINE POSITION
BOT
DS
1
BEGINNING OF TEXT DISPLACEMENT
SPEED DS
1
SPEED CONTROL BYTE
ESCFL DS
1
ESCAPE FLAG CONTROL BYTE
TSPD
DS
1
CURRENT TAPE SPEED
INPTR DS
2
PTR TO NEXT CHAR POSITION IN INLIN

C810
C811

2031
2032
2033
2034
2035
2036
2037
2038
2039
2040
2041
2042
2043
2044
2045
2046
2047
2048
2049
2050
2051
2052
2053
2054
2055
2056
2057
2058
2059
2060
2061
2062
2063
2064
2065
2066
2067

C812

C81C
C821
C822
C823
C825
C827
C829
0010
0007
C82C
C83C
C854
C855
C85C
C863
CA63
CA64
CAB4

ADOUT
ARET
BLANK
BOT
CLEAR
CLINE
CONT
CRLF
CUSE2
DCRC2
DFLTS
DISP0
DLOOP
DOCRC
ENLO1
EOFER
ERR1
ERRO1
ESCS
FBUF1
FDCOM
GCLI0
GCLIN
GTUN2
HCOV1
HOME
INIT
IPORT
KREA1
LFCB1
LOADR
NAME1
NEXT
NULOP
OPORT
PARIT
PCR
PDR
PHOME
PRIT
PTAP1
RDBYT
RHEA1
RIGHT
RTAPE
SBLK
SCHR1

C3D9
C1C3
0020
C80A
000B
C11C
C264
C342
C5CF
C71C
C804
C282
C3B6
C7A4
C427
C5FB
C46B
C06F
C187
C863
C291
C227
C239
C7E6
C39B
000E
C001
C806
C035
C63E
C825
C459
C0A3
C7B0
C807
C050
C16F
0002
C108
C13D
C6CF
C00D
C721
0013
C6C7
C359
C36E

AINP
ARET1
BLKOF
BOUT
CLERA
COMN1
COPRC
CUR
CUSET
DCRCT
DHCMP
DISP1
DLOP1
DOWN
ENLO3
EOFW
ERR2
ERROT
ESCSP
FCBA2
FDCOU
GCLI1
GOBAC
GTUNT
HEOU1
HSPR
INLIN
ITAB
LEFT
LINE
MODE
NAOUT
NFIL
NULOT
OTAB
PAROT
PCUR
PERSE
PLEFT
PROMP
PUP
RDNBL
RHEAD
RT1
RTBYT
SBLK1
SCONV

NUCNT
IGNCR
*

DS
DS

1
1

NUMBER OF NULLS AFTER CRLF
IGN CRC ERR FLAG, FF=IGN CRC ERRS, ELSE=NORMAL

DS
10
ROOM FOR FUTURE EXPANSION
*
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
*
T H I S
I S
T H E
R E A D E R
L A Y O U T
*
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
*
THEAD DS
5
NAME
DS
1
THIS BYTE MUST BE ZERO
HTYPE DS
1
TYPE
BLOCK DS
2
BLOCK SIZE
LOADR DS
2
LOAD ADDRESS
XEQAD DS
2
AUTO EXECUTE ADDRESS
HSPR
DS
3
SPARES
*
HLEN
EQU
$-THEAD LENGTH OF HEADER
BLKOF EQU
BLOCK-THEAD OFFSET TO BLOCK SIZE
DHEAD DS
HLEN
A DUMMY HDR FOR COMPARES WHILE RD'ING
*
*
CUTAB DS
6*4
ROOM FOR UP TO 6 CUSTOM USER COMMANDS
*
*
FNUMF DS
1
FOR CURRENT FILE OPERATIONS
FCBAS DS
7
1ST FILE CONTROL BLOCK
FCBA2 DS
7
2ND FILE CONTROL BLOCK
FBUF1 DS
2*256 SYSTEM FILE BUFFER BASE
DS
1
"BELL" (X'07') FLAGS START OF INPUT BFR
INLIN DS
80
ROOM FOR THE INPUT LINE
USARE EQU
$
START OF USER AREA
*
*
REMEMBER THAT THE STACK WORKS ITS WAY DOWN-FROM
*
THE END OF THIS 1K RAM AREA.
*
* -*-

C022
C1C5
0007
C3F7
C1DC
C215
C26A
C0F4
C5B9
C711
C7CE
C28B
C7F0
001A
C444
C627
C46C
C06B
C190
C85C
C28E
C232
C08E
C7DA
C405
C829
CA64
C309
0001
C809
0000
C54C
C480
C350
C301
C059
C137
C0F8
C133
C33A
C12C
C658
C71F
C67C
C642
C35B
C378

ALOAD
ARET2
BLOCK
CHAR
CLIN1
COMND
CR
CURET
CUTAB
DEFLT
DHEAD
DISPD
DLP1
DSTAT
ENLOP
ERAS1
ERRIT
ESC
EXEC
FCBAS
FNUMF
GCLI2
GORK
HBOUT
HEOUT
HTYPE
INPTR
KDATA
LF
LIST1
NAME
NCHAR
NLOOP
OCHAR
OUTH
PBACK
PDATA
PFSC
PLF
PSCAN
PXDR
RETRN
RHED1
RTAP
RTOF1
SCD
SCROL

C544
C1CA
C823
C0B7
C122
C218
000D
C1CE
C83C
C494
C82C
C595
C3C1
00CB
C418
C0FE
C064
001B
C449
C855
C854
C25F
C09F
C3DE
C3FC
C822
C80E
0003
000A
C535
C454
C808
C566
C0BB
C410
C166
0002
C181
C175
C3A5
0004
C004
C740
C6F2
C70D
0001
C0CF

AOUT
BACKS
BOPEN
CHRLI
CLIN2
COMTA
CREM
CURSC
CX
DELAY
DHLOP
DISPT
DLP1A
DUMP
ENTER
ERAS3
ERRM
ESCFL
EXEC1
FCLOS
FOPEN
GCLI3
GTBYT
HCONV
HLEN
IGNCR
IOPRC
KDR
LFCB
LLIST
NAME0
NCOM
NUCNT
OK
OUTPR
PCLOS
PDOWN
PHEAD
PLOAD
PSTOR
RDSLK
RFBLK
RHED2
RTAP2
RTOFF
SCHR
SCTS

C01C
005F
C5DC
C56D
C117
C2BD
C15E
C0F2
0018
C7ED
C7D0
C287
C3D0
C3AD
C414
C111
C521
C80C
C44C
C00A
C007
C261
C671
C38B
0010
C811
C026
0001
C62F
C52D
C451
C2A3
C810
C0E4
C02E
C5FF
C0EE
C6A2
C6BB
C6B2
C013
C6C4
C742
C6F3
C70C
C36C
0020

SDATA
SENSE
SETCI
SETNU
SETX
SHE1
SOHL
SPE
STAPT
STRTA
STSPD
SYSTP
TAPIN
TDATA
TERE2
TIMER
TLOAD
TREDY
TTBE
UOPRT
VDAD2
WFBLK
WRBYT
WTAP1
WTBYT

0001
00FF
C5A1
C5B1
C1B0
C381
C72F
0004
0000
C1D7
C594
CBFF
C76B
00FB
C5F6
C09A
C4A1
C76F
0080
C802
C148
C778
C010
C78C
C67F

SDR
SEROT
SETCO
SETOT
SETXQ
SHEX
SOK
SPEED
START
STRTB
STUNT
TAERR
TAPPT
TDR
TERR
TLIST
TOE
TSAVE
TXEQ
UP
VDADD
WHEAD
WRTAP
WTAP2
WTLP1

0040
C046
C5A5
C59D
C5AD
C37E
0001
C80B
C000
C1F4
C49C
C510
00FA
0040
C702
C527
0010
C4E0
C4A0
0017
C144
C7AB
C799
C78D
C3F1

SDSR
SET
SETCR
SETSP
SETY
SINP
SOUT
SREA1
STAT
STRTC
STUP
TAPE1
TASPD
TERE0
TEE
TLOA2
TOFF
TSPD
UBUF
USARE
VDM01
WLOOP
WRWAT
WTAPE
WTON

0002
C576
C5B5
C590
C1B4
C01F
C019
C03E
C759
C1FF
C2AA
0080
C58A
C5F8
0008
C4AF
C707
C80D
C5F1
CAB4
C077
C7C1
C79A
C77B
C7E9

SECON
SETAB
SETIN
SETTY
SFE
SOE
SPACE
SROL
STBE
STRTD
SYSRA
TAPE2
TBL
TERE1
THEAD
TLOA3
TON
TSRCH
UIPRT
VDAD
VDMEM
WRBLK
WT1
WTBL
XEQAD

C1B8
C311
C599
C5A9
0008
0010
0020
C0D3
0080
C20F
C800
0040
C2E2
C5F7
C81C
C4BB
C7EB
C0A5
C800
C14B
CC00
C016
C697
C7BF
C827

Waiting for BASIC-5
A lot of people have asked why Sol BASIC-5 took so long to be released. The main reason is
Processor's policy concerning the release of new products: we don't ship 'til we have the finalized
version, and that means product PLUS documentation. We feel that our reputation is based on selling
products that live up to the advertising claims, and we intend to live up to our reputation. (Note: we've
never been forced to recall a product.)
We could have provided you with a version of our original BASIC-5 a long time ago, with a
modification of only 12 instructions. But that wasn't what we advertised Sol BASIC-5 to be. And in
getting it to be what we wanted, we kept thinking it would be neat to add just a couple more nifty
features and then just one more and one more and . . . So as with all fanatics, one thing led to another
'til somebody remembered that this is a business and there are customers out there who could only
stand so much "neat stuff" (especially if they had to wait until the year 2000).
Anyway, by now you will have received said BASIC-5, so load it in and run it for a while. We
think you'll agree that it was almost worth the wait.

Computer of the Future
Drawing by Brian Marsh, Age 6.
Contributions Welcome!
Source Exif Data: 
File Type                       : PDF
File Type Extension             : pdf
MIME Type                       : application/pdf
PDF Version                     : 1.2
Linearized                      : No
Page Count                      : 38
Creator                         : Microsoft Word
Create Date                     : Sunday, January 16, 2000 5:20:35 PM
Title                           : Processor Tech Access, Vol One, Num Two
Author                          : OCR'd and formatted by Jim Battle
Producer                        : Acrobat PDFWriter 3.02 for Windows
Subject                         :
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