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Chapter 12
Captured Enemy Ammunition
This chapter discusses organizations
that have an interest
in CEA
reporting procedures and unit responsibilities.
The management
of CEA
is an integral part of the TECHINT mission. It supports the tactical
commander's
effort to fight and win the battle. Evaluation
of CEA
provides valuable data to the commander that helps in countering the
enemy's technological
advantage.
Exploitation
of CEA and TECHINT
reporting is a major part of the all-source intelligence effort. It involves
everyone from the individual soldier to policy makers and all levels of
command. Often, the TECHINT process begins when one soldier finds
something new on the battlefield
and takes steps to report it. The
information or CEA is evaluated and frequently exploited at progressively
higher levels until a countermeasure
is produced to neutralize the enemy
advantage.
HISTORICAL
PERSPECTIVE
12-1. In the 1920s, Germany developed weapons and weapon systems that
would be used against the allies in the 1940s. The allied nations did not
include TECHINT in intelligence
collection efforts. As a result, German
scientific and technical
advances went largely unnoticed.
By the time
information did come to light and was made available to Washington
and
London, it was ignored. These weapons were used during World War II with
devastating results.
WORLD WAR II
12-2. During the air battle for Europe, the British used TECHINT to counter
the German antiaircraft
and night fighter defenses. They did this by
exploiting captured
aircraft radios and a captured
radar station. This
collection led to the publishing of new technical material, to include the
following:
.
.
.
Technical manuals and handbooks on enemy weapons.
Training aids.
Updates to handbooks on the German and Italian armies.
The US started a successful TECHINT program
abandoned the program immediately after the war.
KOREAN
in the fall of 1943, but
WAR
12-3. At the beginning of the Korean War, the US finally discovered it had
little hard data on enemy weapon systems. The DOD realized that TECHINT
had to be ongoing if effective countermeasures
were to be developed. Once
again, TECHINT was established.
12-1
FM 4-30.13
VIETNAM
WAR
12-4. During the Vietnam War,
was established. Its mission was
and technical documents.
The
analysts into the tactical zone of
items.
the Captured Materiel Exploitation Center
to manage and coordinate analysis of CEE
CMEC dispatched
teams of experts and
each corps to evaluate and exploit captured
GULF WAR
12-5. During the Gulf War, coalition forces and the US Army captured a
tremendous amount of enemy munitions. The US was faced with the dilemma
of how to handle and dispose of these munitions. While CEA doctrine and
procedures were briefly mentioned in several documents, thorough, concise
procedures were not available.
TECHINT MISSION
12-6. The TECHINT mission is the end product of a complex process that
involves collecting,
analyzing,
and processing
information
on foreign
technology and CEM. It is also the result of studying the performance
of
foreign materiel, including munitions
and their operational
capabilities.
Foreign materiel encompasses the following:
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Weapon systems.
Equipment.
Apparatus.
Documents.
Technology.
Munitions.
Supplies of a foreign military force or nonmilitary
organization.
12-7. Like other intelligence disciplines, TECHINT guards against surprise in
war or SASO. It provides several distinct types of input to the all-source
intelligence product, as follows:
.
.
Assessment
of capabilities
and vulnerabilities
of enemy weapon
systems.
Warnings of changes in enemy tactics due to new or changing
technology .
.
Countermeasures.
12-8. The TECHINT system has two parts within DOD. The first is the S&TI
community,
which concentrates
on decision-making
and the TECHINT
requirements
of strategic policy. The second is made up of the US Army's
battlefield
TECHINT elements. These elements support commanders
in
preparing
for and waging war or conducting SASO. The two parts are
described below.
12-2
FM 4-30.13
TECHINT
ORGANIZATIONS
12-9. The scientific and intelligence activities discussed in this section are
primarily
concerned
with peacetime
exploitation
of foreign materiel,
including CEA.
US Army Intelligence
Agency
12-10. The USAIA is a field-operating
agency of the DCS that produces and
disseminates
intelligence
information
on foreign ground forces and their
weapon systems. Also, it provides threat analysis and related projections to
the Army's combat development community.
National
Ground
Intelligence
12-11. NGIC
developments,
US Army Materiel
Center:
produces and maintains
intelligence
on foreign scientific
ground force weapons systems, and associated technologies.
Command
12-12. The USAMC shares responsibility for managing the overt acquisition
of foreign materiel for TECHINT purposes.
The USAMC buys foreign
materiel for exploitation purposes in the US, as well as through its centers in
Europe and the Far East.
US Army Intelligence
and Security
Command
12-13. The INSCOM has the major responsibility
for SASO TECHINT
operations.
It fulfills this responsibility
through its TECHINT oversight
function and by exercising operational control over the FMIG during SASO.
Foreign
Materiel
Intelligence
Group
12-14. At EAC, the FMIG is a battalion-sized
organization
located at
Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD. This group is the Army's only active duty
TECHINT unit. Responsibilities of the FMIG include the following:
.
.
.
US Army Armament
Conducting TECHINT operations.
Preparing TECHINT reports in support of Army, joint, and combined
operations.
Acting as the HQDA executive agent for foreign materiel used for
training purposes.
Research
Development
12-15. The primary
detailed evaluations
Arsenal, NJ.
BATTLEFIELD
and Engineering
Center
responsibility
of ARDEC during SASO is to perform
of foreign munitions. ARDEC is located at Picatinny
ACTIVITIES
12-16. TECHINT activities on the battlefield are usually initiated at the unit
level with subsequent
involvement
of other specialized
support teams,
command
level staffs, and higher
echelon organizations
with direct
responsibility for planning, operations, and logistics.
12-3
FM 4-30.13
Response
Units
12-17. Response units start the TECHINT process. They are responsible for
initial identification,
reporting, and safe handling of CEA. Types of response
units are discussed briefly below.
12-18. Capturing
unit. The capturing unit is the first unit that discovers or
captures enemy munitions. Recovery and evacuation of CEA is a command
responsibility
at all echelons. Mter reporting the CEA, the capturing unit's
biggest responsibility is to provide security of the CEA until the unit receives
disposition instructions. The immediate headquarters
of the capturing unit is
responsible for the following:
.
.
Obtaining and providing prompt disposition instructions.
Assisting the capturing
unit with safeguarding,
recovering,
evacuating the CEA.
and
The capturing
unit may be required to help destroy or coordinate the
movement of CEA. Once the CEA is turned over to another unit or collection
point, the capturing unit is relieved of further responsibilities.
12-19. Explosive
ordnance
disposal.
EOD units identify and request
disposition of first-seen ordnance and CEA of intelligence
value and, if
required, attempt render-safe procedures. The EOD unit submits required
reports through TECHINT channels, if requested.
12-20. US Army Technical
Escort Unit. The TEU has a worldwide mission
to secure, transport, and dispose of nuclear, chemical, or biological CEA after
EOD personnel have classified it as safe to handle. The TEU has EOD
resources.
12-21. TECHINT teams. TECHINT teams initially identify and exploit CEA.
They assist corps and divisional tactical operations centers. TECHINT teams
rarely perform detailed analysis because there are so few teams and few
laboratory facilities. These teams normally consist of a team leader and ten
specialists, one from each of the following specialties:
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
12-4
Tracked vehicles.
Wheeled vehicles.
Weapon systems.
NBC equipment.
Fire control systems.
Aviation fire control systems.
Intercept and jamming equipment.
Communications
equipment.
Medical equipment.
Antitank guided missiles.
Munitions.
FM 4-30.13
Staffs
12-22.
plans
advise
forces
Staffs at all levels use TECHINT information to update and develop
to support the commander's intent. Based on this information,
staffs
the commander of capabilities and technological advances of opposing
during war and SASO.
12-23. Intelligence
staff
The J2, G2, or S2 serves as the commander's
principal staff office for all MI matters. This staff has primary responsibility
for the commander's battlefield TECHINT effort.
12-24. Operations
staff
The J3, G3, or S3 serves as the commander's
principal advisor for operations, plans, organization, and training. This staff
incorporates TECHINT into all parts of unit plans and operations.
12-25. Logistics staff. The J4, G4, or S4 serves as the commander's principal
staff office for supply, maintenance,
transportation,
and services. As the
logistics planner,
this staff coordinates
accountability,
movement,
and
resupply and is essential to the TECHINT system.
Intelligence
Units/Activities
12-26. Intelligence
units and activities
receive, evaluate,
process and
disseminate
information
from response units and staffs. They ensure the
TECHINT information is channeled to the appropriate intelligence agency.
12-27. Military intelligence
units. During routine operations, MI units may
accidentally discover incidental items of battlefield TECHINT. All MI units
are responsible
for establishing
procedures
for handling,
screening, and
reporting
TECHINT-related
items. Also, these units coordinate
with
operations
and logistics staffs on intelligence
matters. MI unit missions
include the following:
.
.
.
.
.
Interrogation.
Document exploitation.
Imagery interpretation.
Electronic warfare.
Unmanned aerial vehicle operations.
12-28. Captured
materiel
exploitation
center. The CMEC is formed from
the assets of organic and attached TECHINT elements augmented by other
SMEs. (See Figure 12-1, page 12-6.) It manages the command battlefield
TECHINT system through the MI brigade and the G2. When possible, other
armed services should combine assets for the acquisition and exploitation of
CEM, to include CEA. When this occurs, the CMEC becomes the JCMEC.
12-29. Joint captured
materiel exploitation
center. The JCMEC consists
of TECHINT personnel from each participating
service. As in the CMEC, the
JCMEC commander is the TECHINT advisor to the J2.
12-5
FM 4-30.13
CMEC
I
STAFF
I
SUPPLY AND
MAINTENANCE
SECTION
FOREIGN
MATERIAL
EXPLOITATION
SECTION
FOREIGN
MATERIAL
TRAINING
SECTION
WEAPONS
AND
MUNITIONS
SECTION
MOBILITY
SECTION
TECHINT
TEAM*
I
COMMUNICATION
ELECTRONICS
SECTION
NBC,
MEDICAL.
LOGISTICS
SECTION
*One or more TECHINT teams are deployed for each
corps-equivalent command assigned within the theater
command. The teams are staffed by one each TECHINT
specialty found within the CMEC or task-organized to fit
specific local situations. Based on need and assets
available, other teams can be organized and deployed.
Figure 12-1. CMEC Organization
Other
Units/Activities
12-30. Many other units may be involved in TECHINT operations involving
CEA. The depth of involvement depends on the specific CEA found. These
units may include the following:
.
Combat arms.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Special operations.
Military police.
Chemical.
Medical.
Engineer.
Civil affairs.
CSS units.
UNIT RESPONSIBILITIES
12-31. Each unit involved with CEA has specific responsibilities
related to
recovery, evacuation, safety, transportation,
storage, and management. These
units and their responsibilities
are discussed below.
12-6
FM
4-30.13
TRANSPORTATION UNITS
12-32. The transportation
of CEA is typically part of logistical support
requirements.
Because it is critical that CEA be transported safely, it is being
given special emphasis here.
12-33. The theater commander through the CMEC directs final disposition of
CEA. Before moving CEA, an EOD or TEU team must certify that it is safe to
handle and transport. An ammunition
inspector should be consulted about
safe loading, tie-down, and transportation
procedures. The capturing unit
should coordinate this support early in the planning process. Both the CMCC
and CMMC must be involved in planning any movement of CEA.
12-34. The shipping activity must properly load and tie down all munitions,
including CEA. The shipper must provide guidance to drivers on all aspects of
safety and instruct them on proper firefighting procedures.
12-35. Accountability procedures for CEA are identical to procedures used for
US munitions. Motor vehicle drivers sign for the shipment on a DD Form
1384 and are responsible only for the total number of pallets or boxes on their
vehicles. Drivers do not sign the shipping documents, which are in the
shipping envelope attached to the munitions pallets or boxes.
COLLECTION
POINTS
12-36. The collection point commander
or NCOIC is responsible
for the
receipt, storage, issue, shipment, and accountability
of the CEA. Once the
CEA is received at an ASA, an ammunition inspector inspects the CEA and
determines its serviceability.
12-37. CEA is always stored separately from US stocks. It is stored and
accounted for in the same manner as like US munitions. All Army activities
holding CEA are required
to account for the materiel IA W the basic
accounting principles of ARs 710-2 and 735-5 and DA Pams 710-2-1 and 7102-2. Serviceable CEA must be separated from unserviceable
CEA within the
CEA storage location. Based on the commander's
assessment of the threat
and risks involved, CEA will be stored at the ASA under one of the following
systems:
.
.
Peacetime.
Storage by NEW and SCG.
SASa and Wartime. Storage by gross tons and SCG (when approved
by MACOM commander.
12-38. The site commander
or NCOIC reports and requests
disposition
instructions
through logistic channels as directed by the servicing MMC. If
the CEA is retrograded, the procedure is the same as for like US munitions.
OTHER SUPPORT UNITS
12-39. Ordnance, aviation, medical, transportation,
may be called upon to perform the following tasks:
.
.
.
and quartermaster
units
Recover and retrograde CEA.
Establish collection points.
Operate collection points.
12-7
FM 4-30.13
.
.
Maintain storage location records.
Submit reports on CEA in logistic channels.
CAPTURE AND REPORTING PROCEDURES
12-40. When a soldier or unit finds munitions, the finding must be reported
immediately through command channels to the battalion S2. The report will
follow the SALUTE report format (see Figure 12-2). FM 21-16, Unexploded
Ordnance (UXO) Procedures, may be used to make a tentative identification
of the munitions (i.e., projectile, grenade, or bomb). The report may be
submitted orally or in writing by any means available. The soldier or unit
then safeguards the found munitions or continues the mission as directed.
DANGER
All munitions found on the battlefield must be considered booby-trapped and
extremely hazardous. Report all munitions as UXO regardless of country of origin.
12-41. Intermediate
echelons of command forward the SALUTE report to the
supporting
battlefield
TECHINT element. The TECHINT element sends
disposition instructions back to the capturing unit. Usually, the instructions
direct the unit to continue safeguarding
the CEA until an EOD team or a
TECHINT element arrives. Once on site, the EOD team, TECHINT element,
or higher element determines if the items found have intelligence value. The
higher headquarters
may direct the capturing unit to initiate evacuation or
simply abandon the CEA. When abandoning CEA, the responsible unit must
mark the site. CEE tags, placed on stakes near the item, will be used to
describe the CEA (see Figure 12-3, page 12-10). There are no special tags for
CEA. Do not attach tags directly to hazardous munitions.
12-42. Proper marking of the site makes it easy to find the CEA once the
capturing unit leaves. Also, it alerts others crossing the area that CEA has
been found and reported. Marking includes any of the following methods:
.
.
.
Use engineer tape or other materials and post signs to mark the area.
Build a small berm around the stack or CEA area.
Surround the area with CEE-tagged stakes.
TECHINT REPORTING PROCEDURES
12-43. EOD, TEU, and TECHINT teams are qualified to identify captured
munitions. An EOD response team may be dispatched to a site to investigate
and render safe the munitions. If an EOD team cannot be sent immediately,
the CEA will be marked and left for later evaluation.
TEUs have EOD
resources available and may be able to render safe the CEA.
12-44. TECHINT
teams are sent to CEA sites to complete technical
intelligence reporting. If a TECHINT team is not available, an EOD team
may be asked to identify and evaluate the CEA and activate the TECHINT
reporting process. EOD may be directed to segregate and/or dispose of the
CEA if it is hazardous or armed. If the CEA has chemical fillers, a TEU may
be requested to evaluate, process, and evacuate the CEA.
12-8
FM 4-30.13
EXAMPLE
SALUTE REPORT
TO:
G2, V CORPS
DTG:
FROM: 1-96 FA, 23 AD
1.
SIZE:
2.
ACTIVITY:
230900Z AUG 98
REPORT NO:
07-035
N/A
3.
LOCATION:
553476
Captured Ammunition
West bank of Fulda River, south of Bebra, six-digit grid NB
4.
UNIT:
1-96 FA, 23 AD (capturing unit)
5.
TIME:
Ammunition captured at 230230Z Aug 98
6.
EQUIPMENT:
N/A
7.
REMARKS/OTHER INFORMATION: Response to priority intelligence
requirement (IPR) 23-0016-93. Ammo site secured, awaiting disposition
instructions.
Figure 12-2. Sample Format for SALUTE Spot Report
12-45. If the item is identified
as a first-seen CEA, the TECHINT
team, EOD
team, or TEU forwards a PRETECHREP
through command channels to the
CMEC (see Figure 12-4, page 12-11). The PRETECHREP
gives a general
description
of the CEA and alerts tactical units to technical information
of
immediate tactical importance.
12-46. Based on the PRETECHREP,
EOD teams may be asked to prepare the
Type B COMTECHREP
(see Figure 12-5, pages 12-11 and 12-12), which is
specifically
for EOD. It includes the CEA itself or summaries,
diagrams,
photos, and samples. Type A COMTECHREP
is for USAF TECHINT
items.
The Type C COMTECHREP
is for items not reported on the Type A or B
report. If the CMEC directs destruction of the CEA, the EOD team completes
the disposal. Once the CEA is destroyed or moved to a collection point, the
capturing
unit is no longer responsible
for the munitions.
For more
information,
see FM 34-54.
PROCEDURES FOR MOVING CEA
12-47. CEA can be evacuated to the nearest collection point once the
TECHINT element determines it has no intelligence value. Corps or division
establishes
CEA collection sites, usually at primary Class V ASAs. These
collection points may be at anyone of the ASAs or ATPs.
12-9
FM 4-30.13
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or
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deals
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or
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or
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or
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Figure 12-3. Sample CEE Tag
WARNING
All CEA must be certified safe by EOD and/or QASAS prior to any movement.
12-48. Capturing unit transportation
assets may be used to evacuate CEA to
the nearest collection point. The mission of the capturing unit must be
considered
when deciding whether
the unit will evacuate
the CEA.
Transportation
units may transport CEA from the site of discovery to the
collection point or to the rear.
12-49. The capturing unit's higher headquarters,
along with the DISCOM and
COSCOM, coordinates required transportation.
The local MCT notifies the
collection point commander of an inbound shipment. EOD, QASAS, or other
munitions personnel provides guidance on safe handling and evacuation of
CEA. Trained munitions personnel supervise handling and shipment of CEA.
CEA is transported in the same manner as similar types of US munitions.
12-50. In certain situations, if a threat exists, the CEA may be evacuated
before evaluations
or reports
are completed.
The theater
commander
determines
disposition of CEA through the TECHINT element and the
CMEC. See Figure 12-6, page 12-13, for a diagram of CEA movement in a
mature theater.
12-51. In an immature theater, movement to a collection point may be left out
to return CEA to the rear. The intelligence element or EOD team notifies the
local commander
of the CEA. The movement is coordinated
within the
division or corps by the DISCOM or COSCOM. A TEU team should escort
chemical or biological material to the nearest collection point or rear.
12-10
FM 4-30.13
EXAMPLE
(Classification)
PRETECHREP
A.
Type of equipment and quantity.
B.
Date and time of capture.
C.
Location (map reference).
D.
Capturing unit and circumstances of capture.
E.
Enemy formation from which captured and origin.
F.
Brief description with serial numbers and, if
possible, manufacturer.
G.
Technical characteristics with an immediate value,
including information or any photographs available.
H.
Time and origin of message.
I.
Present location of CEE.
(Classification)
Figure 12-4. PRETECHREP Format
EXAMPLE
Confidential when filled in)
COMTECHREP- TYPE B (EOD Report)
Section
I. (U) DESCRIPTIVE
INFORMATION
1. (U) IDENTIFICATION. See Figure for physical appearance and dimensions.
NOTE: This will be an external view (when possible) and not show internal
components.
a. (U) Designation. Ordnance designation (if known) with transliteration of
foreign alphabet. Example: M45
b. (U) Type. Used to summarize the key functional aspects of the items.
Example: This is a High Explosive Rocket Assist (HERA) projectile.
c. (U) Painting and Markings. Record all paintings, surface treatments, and
markings.
d. (U) Features. Point out unique or distinguishing external features of the
item that are not obvious in the drawings.
2. (U) DESCRIPTION.
a. (U) Material. Include information pertaining to the major external
components; for example, "plastic," "aluminum."
b. (U) Weight. Give the approximate weight if known.
Figure 12-5. Type B COMTECHREP
Format
12-11
FM 4-30.13
EXAMPLE (Continued)
3. (U) HAZARDOUS
ITEM
QTY
COMPONENTS.
LOCATION
EXPLOSIVE
HE WEIGHT
List Hazardous components (if known).
4. (U) FUNCTIONING. Explain the operation of the ordnance, particularly the
components of the ordnance involved with initiating the explosive train.
5. (U) APPEARANCE. It must be known for certain that the item is unarmed if
the item is to be treated as such.
a. (U) Unarmed Condition. Example: The item is unarmed if not fired.
b. (U) Armed Condition. Example: Consider the item armed if it has been
fired.
Section II. (C) EOD PROCEDURES. (EOD USE ONLY)
6. (U) RENDER SAFE PROCEDURE FOR THE UNARMED CONDITION.
a. (C) PROPOSED: (Develop and record prior to completing RSP).
b. (U) Proceed to disposal.
7. (U) RENDER SAFE PROCEDURE FOR THE ARMED CONDITION
WARNINGS.
a. (C) PROPOSED: (Develop and record prior to completing RSP).
b. (U) Proceed to Disposal.
Continued:
8. (U) DISPOSAL PROCEDURE.
a. (U) Unarmed. Transport hazardous components to safe disposal area and
dispose of by detonation.
b. (C) Armed.
(1) (Include quantity of explosives used to dispose of item).
(2) Detonate remotely.
(Confidential
Figure
12-12
when filled in)
12-5. Type B COMTECHREP Format (Continued)
FM 4-30.13
,.HEAT ER:
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XX-XX
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Figure 12-6. CEA Movement in a Mature Theater
CMEC
PROCESSING OF CEA
12-52. The CMEC is the first real processor of CEA. When it receives CEA,
the CMEC determines its level of TECHINT value. If the item is on the
TECHINT requirement
list, or it is of TECHINT interest,
the CMEC
concentrates on exploiting the CEA for immediate tactical or operational use.
12-53. CMEC
analyses
of
countermeasure,
distributed to
CMEC quickly
the item.
specialists conduct rapid, initial scientific and technological
CEA in their
battlefield
laboratory.
Any immediate
information,
or intelligence
they develop is quickly
appropriate combat, CS, and CSS units. At the same time, the
evacuates the CEA to CONUS for an in-depth exploitation of
12-54. The CMEC coordinates
evacuation
of CEA of special TECHINT
interest to and from the CMEC. For items that cannot be evacuated, CMEC
organizes and deploys a quick reaction team to coordinate the evacuation of
the item or to exploit it on site.
MANAGEMENT AND DISPOSAL OF CEA
12-55. CEA must be inventoried and accounted for just like US munitions. If
CEA arrives at a collection point unidentified
but clearly recognized as a
projectile, propelling charge, fuze, and so forth, then a pseudo catalog data
record may be designated and entered into SAAS to account for the item. The
supporting
MMC assigns and standardizes
pseudo catalog data records
within the theater.
ISSUING
CEA
12-56. In unique circumstances,
CEA may be issued to using units in the
same manner as US munitions.
All requests for serviceable
CEA are
approved and assigned a priority for issue to US units engaged in special
12-13
FM 4-30.13
missions or training
following priorities:
.
.
.
.
.
.
by higher
Intelligence.
Special warfare.
Special operations forces.
Combat units.
CS and CSS units.
Substitutes or supplements
DISPOSAL OF SERVICEABLE
headquarters.
CEA is issued
based
on the
to US munitions.
CEA
12-57. Serviceable CEA is evacuated, collected, and stored wherever directed
by higher headquarters.
The CMEC, in coordination with the TAMMC or
CMMC, usually makes this decision. Emergency or immediate destruction of
serviceable CEA takes place under the following conditions:
. If recapture is imminent due to location of the CEA.
.
If EOD or TECHINT declares the CEA hazardous to the safety of
troops.
If the CEA is to be destroyed, all factory markings should be carefully
recorded (and photographs taken, if possible) before destruction.
DISPOSAL OF UNSERVICEABLE CEA
12-58. ASAs routinely destroy unserviceable CEA. However, the following
points must be considered before destruction takes place:
.
.
.
.
ASAs must first support all demolition requirements
of US units with
on-hand demolition materials.
If disposal of US munitions using serviceable demolition material has
been authorized by higher headquarters,
CEA should be included in
that operation.
Unserviceable
CEA will be included
only if added demolition
materials
are not required. Higher headquarters
approval is not
needed for the addition of unserviceable
CEA when sufficient
demolition materials are on hand.
The ASA commander must select an appropriate disposal method for
CEA that does not use serviceable demolition materials.
SUMMARY
12-59. Certain types of CEA have high potential for intelligence
value.
Capturing and support units should understand
the importance of adhering
to handling, reporting, and transportation
requirements.
Safety is implicit in
the responsibilities
of any type unit involved with CEA. Munitions units in
particular must exercise caution and follow good management
practices in
storing, moving, and disposing of CEA. Loss of personnel due to detonation of
munitions
caused by improper handling,
processing,
and transportation
reduces the significance of any intelligence value.
12-14
Appendix A
Ammunition
Basic Load
Ammunition basic loads are MACOM designated quantities of Class V
supplies that allow units to initiate combat operations. Basic loads are
combat-deployable
using organic transportation
in a single lift. This
appendix provides a list of references and general guidelines relevant to
all Army units for determining
personnel/command
responsibilities,
implementing
requisition
and storage
procedures,
and conducting
inventory and quality assurance programs.
RESPONSIBILITIES
A-I. Responsibilities of key personnel/commands for ABL management are as
follows:
. Commanders at all levels coordinate distribution of ABL data, review
ABL computations, approve ABL authorizations, ensure ABL is on
hand or on requisition, maintain the unit's ABL file, conduct annual
internal reviews of the ABL file, and coordinate with supporting
ammunition inspectors to ensure stockpile serviceability.
.
.
Ammunition
Supply
Points or Depots manage
stockpiles
and
coordinate with the supporting MMC to ensure enough ammunition
is on hand and serviceable to provide for all supported units. Also,
they maintain
a suspense file of all prepositioned
requests
and
coordinate
requirement
updates
with supporting
units at least
annually.
QASAS perform inspections of ABL in the possession of the owning
unit at least annually.
QASAS also notify owning units of any
ammunition information notices that may affect their on-hand ABL.
.
Supporting
MMCs coordinate
with supported
units
and the
ASPs/depots to ensure adequate serviceable munitions stocks are on
hand. This is accomplished
by ensuring that ABL shortages are
placed on requisition
and providing disposition
instructions
for
ammunition
excess
to ABL requirements.
The installation
commander/ammunition
office may be required to accomplish the
MMC related management.
.
The NGB Chief prepares ABL data for ARNG units designated
mobilize. Also, he forwards the data to ARNG state headquarters
distribution to units.
.
ARNG
state headquarters
distribute
automated
and manually
prepared ABL data to ARNG units for review and update. The
headquarters
reviews
and approves
ARNG changes
to ABL
authorization
lists, forwards approved lists and requests for issue to
mobilization stations, conducts annual reviews of unit ABL files, and
provides status to the chief of the NGB.
to
for
A-1
FM 4-30.13
BASIC LOAD AMMUNITION
A-2. Basic load ammunition encompasses conventional ammunition and
missiles that a unit must have on hand or on request at all times. Basic load
can be further broken down and defined as:
PROCEDURES
.
TAT ABL. Ammunition that either can be carried by or accompanies
the soldier,
uploaded
on a combat
vehicle
or on organic
transportation,
during deployment.
.
Non-TAT ABL. Ammunition that cannot accompany the soldier or be
loaded in or on unit combat or transport vehicles during deployment.
.
Ammunition
combat loads. HQDA designated quantities carried
each deployable weapon system to initiate combat as determined
TRADOC materiel developers.
by
by
AND ACCOUNTABILITY
A-3. AR 710-2 and MACOM policies authorize basic load ammunition. Drawn
basic load ammunition
is maintained
on property books IA W hand receipt
procedures described in DA Pam 710-2; records of responsibility are required.
MAC OMs designate which units are required and able to stock ABL and
which will have on hand a properly authenticated
request for issue.
Guidelines for determining ammunition responsibility and accountability
are
as follows:
. When a unit is approved to physically draw and store their ABL, they
will prepare a properly authenticated
DA Form 581 and submit it to
the supporting
ASP/depot.
MAC OMs establish
procedures
for
submitting and obtaining required approval on the DA Form 581.
. All other units not designated to draw and store their ABL will
submit a properly authenticated
DA Form 581 to the supporting
ASP/depot for planning purposes. Both the ASP/depot and the unit
will maintain a copy of the request. The request is used to ensure that
adequate serviceable stocks are on hand and to speed the issue
process in event of deployment.
MAC OMs establish
specific
procedures for the units to follow.
A-4. Various methods apply to ABL accountability.
How ABL is stored
determines which of the following methods will be used:
. The storage location retains accountability for the ammunition when
the basic load is not issued to the unit and is stored at the supporting
ASP or depot. The ASP/depot assigns the ammunition to the MACOM
designated
account code and accounts for it using the approved
ammunition STAMIS (usually SAAS-ASP). The unit should record on
the property book page the document number from the DA Form 581
request. ABL managed in this manner need not be segregated from
other on-hand stocks at the ASP/depot.
. The unit maintains accountability when the ASP/depot issues the
basic load to the unit, posts it as a loss to the ammunition STAMIS,
and the unit provides its own secure storage area. Responsibility is
assigned to the individual having custody of the keys to the storage
area using hand receipt procedures described in DA Pam 710-2-1.
A-2
FM 4-30.13
.
The unit maintains
accountability
when the ASP/depot issues the
basic load to the unit, posts it as a loss to the ammunition STAMIS,
but provides a locked storage location for access because the unit
lacks secure storage facilities. Responsibility
is assigned to the
individual having custody of the keys to the area using hand receipt
procedures described in DA Pam 710-2-1.
.
The unit maintains
accountability
when the ASP/depot issues the
basic load to the unit, posts the issue as a loss to the ammunition
STAMIS, and provides secure storage for the ammunition
but does
not limit access to the owning unit. Responsibility for the ammunition
is assigned to the ASP/depot accountable officer using hand receipt
procedures in DA Pam 710-2-1.
INVENTORY
A-5. Basic load ammunition will be inventoried lAW AR 710-2. MACOMs will
establish procedures and guidance for maintaining
physical security and
conducting basic load inventories lAW DA Pam 710-2-1. At a minimum the
inventories must. Be accomplished monthly when ABL is issued to the owning unit and
is stored in a secure location (lAW AR 190-11).
. Be accomplished daily when ABL is in the possession of the owning
unit and not stored in a secure location (lAW AR 190-11).
. Be accomplished semiannually (CIIC 1, 5, and 6) and annually (other
than CIIC 1, 5, and 6) when stored and accounted for by the
ASP/depot.
QUALITY ASSURANCE
A-6. Only Condition Code A ammunition
(serviceable,
issuable without
qualification)
will be used to fill basic load requirements.
Units will
coordinate with the supporting
QASAS to have anyon-hand
basic load
inspected at least annually by an ammunition
inspector. Units having onhand ammunition stocks must also coordinate with the supporting QASAS or
ASP/depot to ensure that they obtain relevant ammunition
information
notices of suspensions or restrictions. If on-hand ammunition is determined
to be unsuitable for continued use as basic load, the unit will coordinate with
the supporting ASP/depot for turn-in and replenishment.
REFERENCES
A-7. The following references apply to this appendix:
. AR 190-11, Physical Security of Arms, Ammunition, and Explosives.
. AR 220-10, Preparation for Overseas Movement of Units.
. AR 710-2, Supply Policy Below Wholesale Level.
. DA Pam 710-2-1, Using Unit Supply System.
. DA Pam 710-2-2, Supply Support Activity Supply System.
. SB 38-26, Ammunition Supply Rates (Classified).
A-3
Appendix B
Guidance for Commanders
This appendix contains information
for review by munitions company
commanders
and modular platoon leaders to assist in analysis and
evaluation of unit operational readiness for combat or SASO. Checklists
should be developed to generate SOP-level of detaiL Also, theater and
corps level OPORDs and OPLANs should be consulted.
DOCTRINAL
CONSIDERATIONS
B-l. Army doctrine requires that munitions units be capable of successfully
executing their mission without lengthy adjustments
or train-up periods. An
effective training program that emphasizes collective and individual training
and builds leadership
skills is critical to successful execution. Training
management
is the primary responsibility
of the unit commander. METL
development and training must focus on the unit's wartime mission.
LOGISTICS
CHARACTERISTICS
B-2. Review the five logistics characteristics
for combined arms operations:
.
.
.
.
.
necessary
for munitions
support
Anticipation of future events and needs of combat commanders.
Integration of logistical support into tactical and operational plans of
combat commanders.
Continuity of munitions support for depth, momentum, and initiative.
Responsiveness to changing needs of combat commanders.
Improvisation
to allow reaction to unexpected
and unanticipated
events.
TACTICAL SUSTAINMENT
B-3. Review the four support considerations
sustainment:
.
.
.
.
Support combat commander's intent.
Support as far forward as possible.
Maintain TAV to support combat forces.
Rely upon the Army's system of effective leadership
of the battlefield.
B-4. Review the factors to be considered
.
.
.
.
.
B-O
to be used for tactical ess
to adapt to needs
for tactical sustainment:
Determine combat commander's priorities for support.
Identify consumption factors for the type of operation being planned.
Determine status of stockage levels and critical shortages.
Determine threat to supply operations in the rear and forward.
Determine tactical contingencies that may have to be supported.
FM 4-30.13
.
.
.
.
.
.
Identify locations of supporting and supported units.
Identify locations of MSRs.
Identify locations of higher headquarters
and supporting MMC.
Review plans for transportation
and aviation resupply support.
Review applicable Class V plans and annexes.
Determine requirements
for retrograde support.
OPERATIONAL SUSTAINMENT
B-5. Review the factors to be considered for maintaining supply operations:
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
RECEIPT,
Establish effective physical security SOPs and plans.
Determine method of munitions supply.
Evaluate operational effectiveness of SAAS-MOD.
Evaluate site location and layout.
Establish liaison and communication
with supporting and supported
units, higher headquarters,
MMCs, and transportation
units.
Plan for support of tactical movement of unit personnel, equipment,
and stocks.
Identify plans for technical assistance support of combat units.
Determine requirements
for added collective and individual training.
ISSUE, AND STORAGE
B-6. Review the factors to be considered with receipt, issue, and storage
operations:
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
MAINTENANCE
Determine availability and adequacy of MHE and personnel (military
and civilian) to conduct effective supply point operations.
Determine
compliance with Q-D, explosive safety standards,
and
licensing requirements.
Ensure that munitions are being stored safely IA W with DA Pam 38564.
Establish SOPs for receipt, issue, and storage operations.
Establish
SOPs for firefighting,
physical
security,
routine
and
emergency destruction, and NBC and UXO procedures.
Evaluate munitions management and stock control procedures.
Ensure that inventory and accountability procedures are maintained
with 100 percent accuracy.
Ensure that munitions reporting requirements
are met.
Determine requirements
for added collective and individual training.
OPERATIONS
B-7. Review the factors to be considered
.
.
for maintenance
operations:
Evaluate unit maintenance resources, procedures and priorities.
Forecast the impact of personnel and equipment shortfalls on unit
capabilities.
B-1
FM 4-30.13
.
.
.
.
.
REDEPLOYMENT
Identify plans for maintenance support.
Identify
and establish
liaison
with
supporting
maintenance
units/activities.
Identify plans for evacuation of battle-damaged
equipment.
Establish maintenance
operations SOP and evaluate availability of
supplies and equipment.
Determine requirements
for added collective and individual training.
OPERATIONS
B-8. Review factors to be considered for redeployment:
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
B-2
Develop redeployment plans and procedures.
Determine accurate status of personnel and equipment.
Ensure that retrograde
of stocks is conducted safely, and that all
safety standards are enforced.
Determine requirements
for EOD support if applicable.
Identify plans for transportation,
maintenance,
personnel, medical,
financial, religious, POL, PLL, supply, and other life support.
Ensure that physical security plans and procedures are followed.
Coordinate redeployment plans with supporting and supported units
to ensure understanding.
Coordinate changes in redeployment plans with key NCOs to prevent
false rumors from damaging unit morale.
Ensure a safe, secure, and efficient redeployment.
Appendix C
Forecasting
and Managing Training Ammunition
Units are authorized by AR 5-13 to use conventional ammunition during
readiness training for combat. The Army training goal is a combat ready
force prepared to mobilize and deploy on short notice and to fight and
defeat the enemy. This appendix provides general guidance on forecasting
and managing training ammunition.
Specific references to appropriate
DA pamphlets are included for calculating and forecasting ammunition
requirements.
TRAINING
STANDARDS
AND STRATEGIES
C-l. The Standards
in Training Commission was established
in 1982. Its
mission is to determine
quantities
and types of munitions
required for
soldiers, crews, and units to attain and sustain weapons proficiency relative
to readiness levels. Weapons committees (Le., Air Defense, Armor, Aviation,
Engineer, Field Artillery and Infantry) develop weapons training standards
and strategies, and the STRAC Steering Committee reviews and approves
them. DA Pam 350-38 identifies weapons and weapon systems for which
training programs have been written and approved. Commanders
must
examine each strategy as it applies to the unit's MTOE, METL, training
level, time available, and unique training needs. Also, commanders
must
consider the unit's overall training program and objectives as specified by the
applicable SM, CTT, and ARTEP, as well as the availability of simulators and
devices.
C-2. Training strategies and ammunition requirements
are not prescriptive.
Commanders must determine and design strategies that allow their units to
attain standards.
The STRAC strategies
are models for training
and
resourcing and represent one way to attain and sustain standards. Because
they are generic and notional, they do not generate specific requirements.
Commanders can select from a generic menu of training events that allows
them to train towards a specific assigned mission or training goal. This
flexibility is intended to accommodate unit requirements.
C-3. Training strategy tables reflect generic requirements.
They do not
automatically
translate into resource authorizations
or allocations of rounds
on the ground to be fired. Factors affecting annual authorizations
for training
ammunition include:
. STRAC strategies.
. Budgetary constraints.
. Unit priority.
. Historical expenditures.
. War reserves.
C-4. DA Pams 350-38 and 350-39 contain requirement
computation data for
training ammunition.
Figures are based on the number of weapons systems
assigned, readiness levels, and quantities of ammunition
needed to sustain
C-1
FM 4-30.13
soldier and crew proficiency. They apply to the weapon and weapon systems
used throughout
the force for both the Active and Reserve Components.
These pamphlets
provide commanders
and other unit trainers
with a
common set of standards for weapon and weapon system qualification. Also,
they offer suggested weapons training
strategies,
a model for resource
requirements,
and measurable
standards
for evaluating
overall training
readiness.
FORECASTING
C-5. Forecasting ammunition
requirements
is a peacetime procedure. It is
based on data in the pamphlets cited above and on projected training events
such as individual
weapons
qualification,
FTXs, and crew weapons
qualification.
Factors that impact requirements-determination
forecasting
include the following:
.
.
.
.
Historical and actual ammunition
consumption
training exercises.
Training objectives.
Equipment/weapon
system availability.
Range time.
data from previous
C-6. Training ammunition
requirements
are determined
using DA Form
5514-R. This document summarizes the total quantity of each DODIC needed
to support training during the coming 12 months. As prescribed by AR 5-13,
MAC OMs modify and provide requirements
to HQDA before the beginning of
each fiscal year. HQDA gives MAC OMs the authorization
for training
ammunition
based on stock availability,
funding, ammunition
production,
transportation,
and other considerations.
Units prepare and use this forecast
to maintain an up-to-date calculation of ammunition needs. MAC OMs use it
to determine requisition needs. This forecast also feeds the WAR8.
C-7. To get ammunition
for training,
ammunition forecasts lAW DA Pam 710-2-1
the MACOMs. Time frames for submitting
the MACOMs. Generally, the procedure is as
.
.
.
.
.
.
C-2
units
must prepare
training
and submit them as directed by
forecasts also are prescribed by
follows:
Determine planned training requirements
for each of the next 12
months.
Determine
the DODIC and quantity
needed for each training
requirement.
Refer to the computation data in DA Pams 350-38 and
350-39.
Do not exceed a quantity
when that quantity
remains
on the
authorized allocation for the current fiscal year.
Coordinate with the 83/84, G4, or DOL to ensure that quantities
forecast are not excessive and that the correct historical data were
used when computing requirements
for months in the next fiscal
year.
Use DA Form 5514-R to record the total for each DODIC required for
each month in which the unit will draw training ammunition from an
A8A.
8ubmit the completed forecast to the next higher headquarters.
FM 4-30.13
Each level in the chain of command uses DA Form 5514-R to consolidate and
forward the forecasts to the next higher headquarters
IA W means prescribed
by the MACOM.
MANAGING
C-8. Units that request and receive ammunition from an ASA must maintain
training
ammunition
management
and control
documents.
Use the
documents
listed below to manage
training
ammunition
and missile
authorizations,
to control issue of ammunition
and missiles, and to ensure
that unexpended ammunition
and ammunition
residue are controlled until
returned to the ASA:
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
DA Form 5203.
DA Form 5204.
DA Form 581 or automated equivalent.
DA Form 581-1.
DA Form 3151-R.
DA Forms 5515 and 5515-1.
DA Form 2064.
The TAMIS Authorization
Report is used to maintain a running balance of
the annual
training
authorization
by deducting,
from the initial
authorization,
issues from the ASA. The G-3 or installation
DOL usually
manages this computer-based
report.
PHYSICAL SECURITY AND AMNESTY PROGRAMS
C-9. Upon departure from the ASA, the receiving unit must provide physical
security for ammunition
IAW AR 190-11 and DA Pam 710-2-1. At the
discretion of their MAC OMs, AC and ARNG units located OCONUS are
authorized
home storage of training ammunition.
The same storage and
inventory procedures that apply to basic load ammunition apply to training
ammunition.
Also, AR 190-11 outlines
construction
requirements
for
ammunition
storage rooms and magazines, and DA Pam 710-2-1 provides
guidance on field storage and use of residue items for training.
C-lO. Installation
commanders
will establish and implement
an amnesty
program that does not intimidate
the individual or prevent the individual
from freely turning in ammunition.
The intent of amnesty programs is to
ensure maximum recovery, not to circumvent normal turn-in procedures.
Commanders will monitor amnesty programs as indicators of effectiveness of
ammunition accountability
and ensure that they are not used to circumvent
accountability.
See DA Pam 710-2-1 for more guidance on establishing
an
amnesty program.
C-3
Appendix D
Brass Conversion
The data and procedures contained in this appendix are used to compute
the weight and/or quantity of expended cartridge cases. See Figure D-l
below.
Weight
Case Type
(pounds)
.22 caliber, brass, short
.22 caliber, brass, long
.30 caliber, brass, carbine
.30 caliber, steel, carbine
.30 caliber, brass, all others
.38 caliber, brass, all
.45 caliber, brass, all
.45 caliber, steel, all
.50 caliber, brass, all
.50 caliber, steel, all
5.56 millimeter, brass, all
7.62 millimeter, brass, large
9 millimeter parabellum
20.0 millimeter, brass, small
20.0 millimeter, brass, large
25 millimeter, all
Shotgun, brass, all
.0008
.0014
.0101
.0081
.0286
.009
.0124
.012
.121
.111
.0135
.026
.009
.2
.25
.48
.036
Figure D-1. Brass Conversion Chart
TO FIND
WEIGHT
D-1. Multiply
the quantity of expended cartridge cases by the weight. Using
the example, brass, short, expended-rounds,
.22 caliber, work the formula as
shown below.
FORMULA
D-2. Quantity of the item
x
Weight
=
Weight of expended
cartridge cases.
COMPUTATION
D-3. 39,875 rounds
x
.0008 lbs
=
31.9 lbs.
Work to one decimal place and round down: 31 pounds expended.
D-O
FM 4-30.13
TO FIND QUANTITY
D-4. Divide the weight of the expended cartridge cases by the weight. Using
the example, brass, expended-cartridges
weight of .38 caliber, work the
formula as follows:
FORMULA
D-5. Total Weight
Weight of the item
=
Quantity
cartridge
of expended
cases.
COMPUTATION
D-6. 82.0 pounds
.009 pounds
=
9,111.1 rounds.
Work to one decimal place and round down: 9,111 rounds.
D-1
Appendix
E
Ammunition Condition Codes
Ammunition
condition codes are single letters that classify munitions
materiel. Each ACC identifies degree of serviceability,
condition, and
completeness (readiness for issue and use), as well as actions under way
to change the status of materiel. This appendix defines ACCs A-H, J-N,
andP.
ACC A-SERVICEABLE
(ISSUABLE
WITHOUT
QUALIFICATION)
E-l. New, used, repaired, or reconditioned
materiel that is serviceable and
issuable to all units without limitations or restrictions. This includes materiel
with more than six months shelf life remaining.
E-2. Normal incidental
requirements
for additional
packaging,
packing,
marking, and so forth that can be accomplished at the time of issue (without
requiring
added resources,
manpower,
or delays) do not constitute
a
restriction.
ACC B-SERVICEABLE
(ISSUABLE WITH QUALIFICATION)
E-3. New, used, repaired, or reconditioned
materiel that is serviceable and
issuable for its intended purpose; however it is restricted
from issue to
specific units, activities, or geographical
areas by reasons of its limited
usefulness or short-service life expectancy. This includes materiel with three
through six months shelf life remaining.
E-4. Normal incidental requirements
for additional packaging, packing, or
marking, and so forth that can be accomplished at the time of issue (without
requiring any added resources, manpower, or delays) do not constitute a
restriction. This includes items restricted to or from a specific mission.
ACC C-SERVICEABLE
(PRIORITY OF ISSUE)
E-5. Items that are serviceable and issuable to selected customers, but that
must be issued before conditions A and B materiel to avoid loss as usable
assets. Includes materiel with less than three months shelf life remaining.
ACC D-SERVICEABLE
(TEST/MODIFICATION)
E-6. Serviceable materiel requiring test, alteration, modification, conversion,
or disassembly. This does not include items that must be inspected or tested
immediately before issue.
ACC E-UNSERVICEABLE
E-7. Materiel
(LIMITED RESTORATION)
that involves only limited expense or effort to restore to
serviceable condition and is accomplished in the ASA where the stock is
located. Minor maintenance is exterior to the round or munitions. Includes all
E-O
FM 4-30.13
repair of external surfaces
palletizing, and marking.
ACC F-UNSERVICEABLE
and repair/replacement
of packaging,
packing,
(REPARABLE)
E-8. Economically
reparable
materiel that requires repair, overhaul, or
reconditioning. Includes reparable items that are radioactively contaminated.
Major maintenance
usually requires replacement of end item components or
modification.
ACC G-UNSERVICEABLE
(INCOMPLETE)
E-9. Materiel requiring
item prior to issue.
ACC H-UNSERVICEABLE
additional
parts or components
to complete
the end
(CONDEMNED)
E-lO. Material that has been determined to be unserviceable
and does not
meet repair criteria
(includes condemned
items that are radioactively
contaminated).
This includes materiel determined
to be uneconomically
repairable.
ACC J-SUSPENDED
(IN STOCK)
E-l1. Materiel in stock that has been suspended from issue and use pending
condition classification or analysis, where the true condition is not known.
E-12. Includes
temporarily
suspended
materiel
pending
serviceability
determination.
Includes USAF materiel identified and held for future test or
surveillance
requirements,
either destructive
or nondestructive
in nature.
May contain formerly serviceable assets that became unserviceable by reason
of being reserved for test or that the shelf/service life has expired. Army
ammunition that has missed two scheduled periodic inspections is included.
ACC K-SUSPENDED
(RETURNS)
E-13. Materiel returned from users and awaiting condition classification.
Includes items identified by stock number and item name, but not examined
for condition. Stocks in this ACC will be inspected and properly classified as
to condition IA W appropriate
regulations. When more time is required, an
extension may be granted by the applicable supply distribution activity.
ACC L-SUSPENDED
(LITIGATION)
E-14. Materiel held pending
common carners.
ACC M-SUSPENDED
litigation
or negotiation
with contractors
or
(INWORK)
E-15. Materiel identified on inventory control records, but which has been
turned over to a maintenance facility or contractor for processing.
E-1
FM 4-30.13
ACC N-{SUITABLE
FOR EMERGENCY
E-16. Munitions
use.
ACC P-UNSERVICEABLE
stocks suspended
COMBAT USE)
from issue except for emergency
combat
(RECLAMATION)
E-l 7. Materiel determined to be unserviceable, uneconomic ally reparable due
to a physical inspection, tear-down, or engineering
decision. Items contain
serviceable components or assemblies to be reclaimed.
E-2
Appendix F
Ammunition
Identification
Ammunition
is identified by markings and color-coding on the items
themselves, the containers,
and the packing boxes. The markings and
standard nomenclature
of each item, together with the lot number, FSC,
NSN, DODIC, and DODAC, completely identify each item and are used to
maintain accountable records. This appendix gives a basic explanation of
markings and color-coding. Because color-coding is a more ready means of
identification, it is given greater emphasis here.
MARKINGS
F-l. Markings
stenciled
or stamped
on munitions
items include all
information
needed for complete identification.
Components
in which all
explosive, incendiary, or toxic materials have been simulated by substitution
of inert material are identified by impressed INERT markings. Components
in which all explosive, incendiary, or toxic materials have been omitted are
identified by stamped EMPTY markings.
AMMUNITION
LOT NUMBER
F-2. Each item of ammunition
is assigned a complete round or item lot
number when it is manufactured
or is at the LAP plant. See MIL-STD 1168A for a description of the current system. See MIL-STD 1168 for a discussion
of the old lot numbering
system. Figure F-l breaks down a typical
ammunition lot number showing both the new and old systems.
NEW (Mll-STD 1168-AI
AMC 75 Q 018-124
~
is
Ammunition lot suffix (see note)
Lot sequence number
Lot interfix number
A single letter that means the month of production
A two digit number that means the year of production
Manufacturer's identification symbol
OLD (Mll-Sm
1168)
ABC-.!! -124
pt
Serial Number
Intertix Number
Manufacturer's Identification Symbol
Note: A letter is added to the sequence number when there is a modification through renovation.
The first modification is shown by -A, the second by -8, and so on. For example,
AMC 750018-123A, AMC 750018-1238, etc.
Figure F-1. Typical Lot Number System
F-1
FM 4-30.13
CONVENTIONAL AMMUNITION
FEDERAL
SUPPLY
CLASSES
F-3. Conventional ammunition is FSG 13. Within this group, ammunition is
further broken down by two more numbers that identify the general type or
family in which the item falls. Table F-1lists the FSCs.
Table F-1. FSC Group 13 Classes
Ammunition and Explosive Type or Family
FSC Group 13
(classes)
1305
1310
1315
1320
1330
1340
1345
1365
1370
1375
1376
1377
1390
1395
1398
1410/20/25/27
Ammunition, through 30mm
Ammunition, over 30mm up to 75mm
Ammunition 75mm through 125mm
Ammunition, over 125mm
Grenades
Rockets and rocket ammunition
Land mines
Military chemical agents
Pyrotechnics
Demolition materials
Bulk explosives
Cartridge and propellant actuated devices and components
Fuzes and primers
Miscellaneous ammunition
Specialized ammunition handling and servicing equipment
Guided missiles
Note: There are other FSC groups, but they are for Class V materiel outside the US Army
ammunition
inventory.
(Look in any current copy of the DOD ammunition
listing, volumes
1
through 3, for more information.)
CONVENTIONAL
AMMUNITION
NATIONAL STOCK NUMBERING
SYSTEM
F-4. Each complete round or item of conventional ammunition or associated
explosive component is identified by its own NSN. The first four numbers of
the NSN is the FSC. It is followed by the National Item Identification
Number, or NUN, which consists of a two-number
code identifying
the
country of manufacture
and a seven-number
item identification.
See Figure
F-2 below.
1315 - 00 - 028 - 5080
L
Item Number. This number identifies
the item with a particular nomenclature,
item name, mccifier, mccel number, and
packing method using ammunition supply
catalogs, FEDLOG, or microfiche.
National Codification Bureau Code. The next twJ
numbers identify the ocuntry of manufacture.
Commonly called the ocuntry ocde, it also identifies
the ocuntry responsible for maintaining the item.
Federal Supply Classification.
Thirteen is
ocnventional ammunition Federal Supply
Classification Group, and 15 is the specific class.
Figure F-2. Example of an NSN
F-2
NUN
FM 4-30.13
DEPARTMENT
OF DEFENSE IDENTIFICATION
CODE
F-5. A DODIC is a single letter and three numbers or, in the case of small
guided missiles, two letters and two numbers. It is attached at the end of all
NSNs to denote interchangeability
of the item. Communications
between
ammunition units often use an ammunition item DODIC. See Figure F-3 for
a conventional NSN with DODIC added, demonstrating
interchangeability
between various model numbers and the designators of an ammunition item.
1315 - 00
f28
- 6368 -
NSN
Cr'
DODIC
Figure F-3. Sample DODIC
DEPARTMENT
OF DEFENSE
AMMUNITION
CODE
F-6. The DODAC includes the FSC of the ammunition and the DODIC. The
code is used on all using unit DD Form 581s, DA Form 3151-Rs, and most
ammunition
reports. The DODAC is used instead of the DODIC to reduce
errors with ammunition transactions.
See Figure F-4.
TOT
FSC
DODIC
Figure F-4. Example of a DODAC
COLOR CODING
F-7. The main reason ammunition
is painted is to protect it from rust.
However, the color of the protective coating and markings
also makes
ammunition
easy to identify and provides some camouflage. Ammunition
20mm and larger is color-coded lAW MIL-STD 709C (see Tables F-2 and F-3).
Figure F-5 shows typical markings for an artillery round of ammunition.
F-8. Small arms ammunition is not color-coded under MIL-STD 709C. Either
the small arms projectiles or the bullet tips are painted a distinctive color so
they can be identified quickly. Figures F-6 through F-8, pages F-7 through F9, show the color codes for types of small arms ammunition
up to and
including.50 caliber. For more information,
see TM 9-1300-200. Significant
features of the current color-coding standard are as follows:
.
.
Olive drab. With yellow markings,
OD indicates an HE round.
However, OD is also being used as a basic color for certain new
rounds such as ICMs, the flechette antipersonnel
round, and some
new illumination rounds for specific field artillery weapons.
Overpacking.
Ammunition overpacked in color-coded bombs, in unit
dispensers, or in warheads, must not be color-coded.
F-3
FM 4-30.13
.
Camouflage.
Ammunition containing toxic chemical, incapacitating,
or riot control chemical agents must never be camouflaged
by
painting.
Standard
DOD Ammunition
Color Code. MIL-STD 709C contains
the standard
ammunition
color code for 20mm
and larger
ammunition. Be aware, though, that there is still ammunition coded
as specified by MIL-STD 709-B and MIL-STD 709-A. If this is the
case, see the appropriate MIL-STD or TM 9-1300-200.
.
Table F-2. Ammunition Color Code, MIL-STD 709C
Color1,2
Interpretation
Fed Std No 595
Identifies
Identifies
indicates
the item,
Identifies
chemical,
HE ammunition or indicates presence of HE,
low-explosive items of components or
low explosive, Normally brown band around
Yellow
33538
Brown
30117
or
30140
Gray3,4
36231
Dark red
31136
Identifies
riot control agent filieL
Dark green3
34108
Identifies
markings
toxic
chemical
and bands,
Violet
17100
Identifies incapacitating
or bands,
Black3,s
37038
Identifies
armor-defeating
armor-defeating
capability,
ammunition
or
Silver/aluminum
17178
Identifies
countermeasure
echo, leaflets),
ammunition
(e,g"
Light green3
34558
or
34449
Identifies
Light red
31158
Identifies incendiary ammunition or indicates highly
flammable material (liquids, jellies, solids) that
produce damage by fire,
37875
Identifies illuminating ammunition or ammunition that
produces a colored light
Identifies practice ammunition,
May be used to identify ammunition used for tracking
and recovery in tests or training operations (e,g"
underwater mines and torpedoes),
Identifies completely inert ammunition for use in
activities such as assembly, testing, handling, drills,
etc" not to be delivered in a delivery system,
chemical ammunition containing toxic
incapacitating or riot control agent Used as
basic COIOL
White3,s,6
Light Blue
35109
Orange
32246
Bronze, gold,
brass
17043
Footnote,
The following
1, Colors specifically
2, Unpainted
have no color-coding
screening
ammunition,
5, Black or white when used for lettering or special marking,
dispensers,
for
indicates
significance:
missiles,
6, White on guided missiles,
Used
radar
or marking smoke ammunition,
or natural color ammunition,
4, Gray on air-launched
filieL
agent filieL Used for markings
applied to identify the color of smoke ammunition
3, Gray black, green, or white on underwater
F-4
agent
and rocket launchers,
or pyrotechnics,
FM 4-30.13
Table F-3. Application of Color Codes for Particular Ammunition Items,
MIL-STD 709C
Colors
Ammunition
Body
HE, except 20mm
HE, 20mm
Explosive binary munitions
HEP
HEAT
Antipersonnel and antitank mines
Incendiary
HEI
API
AP
With bursting charge
Without bursting charge
Canister
Flechette-Ioaded
Olive drab
Yellow
Olive drab
Olive drab
Black
Olive drab
Light red
Markings
1
Bands
Yellow
Yellow
Black
Yellow
Black
Yellow
Yellow
Yellow
Yellow
Black
Black
White
Black
Black
Olive drab
Olive drab
Yellow
White
White
White
None
None
None
White?
2,3,4,5
None
Broken yellow6
Black
None
YeIIow3
None
Light red
Light red
Yellows
Chemical
Filled with a toxic chemical binary
nerve agent
Illuminating
Separate loading
Fixed or semifixed
Practice
With low explosive to indicate
functioning
Gray
Dark Green
One broken
dark green9,10,11
Olive drab
White
White
Black
White
None
Brown
With high explosive to indicate
functioning
Yellow
Without explosive to indicate
functioning
Screening or marking
None
Smoke ammunition
Filled with other than WP
Filled with WP
Inert ammunition not designed to be
delivered in a delivery system
Chemical
Filled with a riot control agent
Filled with an incapacitating agent
Filled with a toxic chemical agent
other than binary agents
Filled with a toxic chemical binary
nerve agent
Light green
Light green
Black
Light red
None
YeIIow9
Light red12
Bronze
Black
None
Gray
Gray
Gray
Red
Violet
Dark Green
One red9
Gray
Dark Green
One broken
9,10
dark green
One violet9
One dark green9
F-5
FM 4-30.13
Table F-3. Application of Color Codes for Particular Ammunition Items, MILSTD 709C (Continued)
Footnotes:
1.
2.
Color of the letters and figures normally used for the main identification.
Circumferential band of yellow diamond-shaped figures on semifixed and separateloading improved conventional munitions.
3.
Circumferential band of yellow triangular-shaped figures on mass scatterable mine
and loaded semifixed and separate-loading ammunition.
Separate-loading ammunition for shipboard use has a circumferential yellow band
besides yellow markings.
Bombs have one yellow band except thermally protected bombs, which have two
yellow bands besides yellow markings.
4.
5.
6.
Circumferential broken yellow band (1/2-inch segments with 1/2-inch gaps) on
explosive binary munitions.
7.
Circumferential band of white diamond-shaped figures on ammunition containing
flechettes.
Yellow band put on when the ammunition contains explosives used to fracture the
projectile.
8.
9. Yellow band put on to indicate HE burster.
10. Toxic chemical agent ammunition containing a binary nerve agent filling shown by a
broken dark green band (1/2-inch segments separated by 1/2-inch spaces).
11. Both color applications are standard. However, for land ammunition use, separateloading ammunition is olive drab for overall body color with a white band and main
identification details marked white. Fixed and semifixed ammunition is white for
overall body color with main identification details in black.
12. Separate-loading ammunition for shipboard use has black markings and a light red
band.
I~~
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