EnOcean STM311C Transmitter Module User Manual

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EnOcean GmbH

Kolpingring 18a

82041 Oberhaching

Germany

Phone +49.89.67 34 689-0

Fax +49.89.67 34 689-50

info@enocean.com

www.enocean.com

Subject to modifications

STM 31x / STM 31xC User Manual V0.6

September 7, 2010 3:58 PM

Page 1/28

Patent protected:

WO98/36395, DE 100 25 561, DE 101 50 128,

WO 2004/051591, DE 103 01 678 A1, DE 10309334,

WO 04/109236, WO 05/096482, WO 02/095707,

US 6,747,573, US 7,019,241

Observe precautions! Electrostatic sensitive devices!

Scavenger Transmitter Module

STM 31x / STM 31xC

September 7, 2010

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STM 31X / STM 31XC

REVISION HISTORY

The following major modifications and improvements have been made to the first version of

this document:

No Major Changes

0.5 Initial version

0.6 New drawings added, Agency approvals added

Published by EnOcean GmbH, Kolpingring 18a, 82041 Oberhaching, Germany

www.enocean.com, info@enocean.com, phone ++49 (89) 6734 6890

Important!

This information describes the type of component and shall not be considered as assured characteris-

tics. No responsibility is assumed for possible omissions or inaccuracies. Circuitry and specifications

are subject to change without notice. For the latest product specifications, refer to the EnOcean web-

site: http://www.enocean.com.

As far as patents or other rights of third parties are concerned, liability is only assumed for modules,

not for the described applications, processes and circuits.

EnOcean does not assume responsibility for use of modules described and limits its liability to the

replacement of modules determined to be defective due to workmanship. Devices or systems contain-

ing RF components must meet the essential requirements of the local legal authorities.

The modules must not be used in any relation with equipment that supports, directly or indirectly,

human health or life or with applications that can result in danger for people, animals or real value.

Components of the modules are considered and should be disposed of as hazardous waste. Local

government regulations are to be observed.

Packing: Please use the recycling operators known to you. By agreement we will take packing mate-

rial back if it is sorted. You must bear the costs of transport. For packing material that is returned to

us unsorted or that we are not obliged to accept, we shall have to invoice you for any costs incurred.

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STM 31X / STM 31XC

TABLE OF CONTENT

1 GENERAL DESCRIPTION................................................................................. 4

1.1 Basic functionality ......................................................................................... 4

1.2 Technical data .............................................................................................. 5

1.3 Physical dimensions....................................................................................... 5

1.4 Environmental conditions ............................................................................... 7

1.5 Ordering Information ..................................................................................... 7

2 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION............................................................................ 8

2.1 Simplified firmware flow chart and block diagram.............................................. 8

2.2 Pin out......................................................................................................... 9

2.3 Pin description and operational characteristics ................................................ 10

2.3.1 Interface supply voltage........................................................................... 11

2.3.2 Analog and digital inputs .......................................................................... 12

2.4 Absolute maximum ratings (non operating) .................................................... 12

2.5 Maximum ratings (operating)........................................................................ 12

2.6 Power management and voltage regulators .................................................... 13

2.7 Configuration.............................................................................................. 13

2.7.1 Configuration via pins .............................................................................. 13

2.7.2 Configuration via serial interface ............................................................... 15

2.8 Radio telegram ........................................................................................... 16

2.8.1 Normal operation .................................................................................... 16

2.8.2 Teach-in telegram ................................................................................... 17

2.9 Transmit timing .......................................................................................... 17

2.10 Charging circuitry ................................................................................... 18

2.11 Energy consumption ............................................................................... 18

3 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION ...................................................................... 20

3.1 Using the WAKE pins ................................................................................... 20

3.2 Antenna options.......................................................................................... 22

3.2.1 Whip antenna (STM 310, STM 310C, STM 312, STM 312C) ........................... 22

3.2.2 Helical antenna (STM 311, STM 311C) ....................................................... 23

3.3 Transmission range ..................................................................................... 24

4 AGENCY CERTIFICATIONS ............................................................................ 25

4.1 CE Approval................................................................................................ 25

4.2 FCC (United States) certification ................................................................... 26

4.3 IC (Industry Canada) certification.................................................................. 28

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1 GENERAL DESCRIPTION

1.1 Basic functionality

The extremely power saving RF transmitter module

STM 31x of EnOcean enables the realization of a wide

range of wireless and maintenance free sensors such

as temperature sensors, humidity sensors, or room

operating panels.

Power supply is provided by a small solar cell, an ex-

ternal energy harvester, or an external 3V battery. An

energy storage is installed to bridge periods with no

supply from the energy harvester. The module pro-

vides a user configurable cyclic wake up.

After wake up the external sensors are supplied and

after a configurable delay (default 2ms) the internal microcontroller reads the status of the

connected sensors. A radio telegram will be transmitted in case of a change of any digital

input value compared to the last sending or in case of a significant change of measured

analogue values.

In case of no relevant input change a redundant retransmission signal is sent after a user

configurable number of wake-ups to announce all current values. In addition to the cyclic

wake-up, a wake up can be triggered externally using a wake input or the internal LRN but-

ton.

Features with built-in firmware

 Pre-installed solar cell (except STM 312/STM 312C)

 On-board energy storage and charging circuit

 On-board LRN button

 On-board TX indicator LED

 20 pin connector for external sensors

 3 A/D converter inputs

 3 digital inputs

 Configurable wake-up and transmission cycle

 Wake-up via Wake pins or LRN button

Product variants

 STM 310/310C: Variant including solar cell and whip antenna

 STM 311/311C: Variant including solar cell and helical antenna

 STM 312/312C: Variant including whip antenna but no pre-installed solar cell

Features accessible via API

Using the Dolphin API library it is possible to write custom firmware for the module.

The API provides:

 Integrated 16 MHz 8051 CPU with 32 KB FLASH and 2 kB SRAM

 Various power down and sleep modes down to typ. 0.2 µA current consumption

 Up to 13 configurable I/Os

 10 bit ADC, 8 bit DAC

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1.2 Technical data

Antenna whip or helical antenna installed

Frequency 315.0 MHz (STM 31xC)/868.3 MHz (STM 31x)

Radio Standard EnOcean 868 MHz/315 MHz

Data rate/Modulation type 125 kbps/ASK

Conducted Output Power typ. 2 dBm

Power Supply @ VDD Pre-installed solar cell (except STM312 / STM312C)

Illumination 50-100000 lux

2.1 V–5.0 V, 2.6 V needed for start-up

Initial operation time in darkness @

25°C typ. 4 days, energy storage fully charged, wake-up every

100 s, transmission of telegram every 1000 s on average1

Operation start up time with empty

energy store typ. 2.5 min @ 400 lux / 25°C

incandescent or fluorescent light

Input Channels 3x digital input, 2x WAKE input , 3x analog input

Resolution: 3x 8 bit or 1x 10 bit, 1x 8 bit, 1x 6 bit

Radio Regulations R&TTE EN 300 220 (STM 31x)

FCC CFR-47 Part 15 (STM 31xC)

1.3 Physical dimensions

1 Full performance of the PAS614L energy storage is achieved after a few days of operation

at good illumination level. Performance degrades over life time, especially if energy storage

is exposed to higher temperatures. Each 10K drop in temperature doubles the expected life

span.

PCB dimensions 43±0.2 x 16±0.3 x 1±0.1 mm

Module height 9 mm

Weight 3.3g (STM 312) – 6.2g (STM 311C), depending on variant

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1.4 Environmental conditions

Operating temperature -20 °C … +60 °C

Storage temperature -20 °C … +60 °C

Humidity 0% … 93% r.h., non-condensing

1.5 Ordering Information

Type Ordering Code Frequency

STM 310 S3001-D310 868.3 MHz

STM 311 S3001-D311 868.3 MHz

STM 312 S3001-D312 868.3 MHz

STM 310C S3031-D310 315.0 MHz

STM 311C S3031-D311 315.0 MHz

STM 312C S3031-D312 315.0 MHz

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2 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION

2.1 Simplified firmware flow chart and block diagram

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STM 31X / STM 31XC

2.2 Pin out

The figure above shows the pin out of the STM 31x hardware. The pins are named accord-

ing to the naming of the EO3000I chip to simplify usage of the DOLPHIN API.

The table in section 2.3 shows the translation of hardware pins to a naming that fits the

functionality of the built-in firmware.

Energy

Store

LR N

LED

1

GND

CW_1

CW_0

WAKE0

CP_1CP_0

LED

LRN

VDD Whip or

helical antenna

UVDDext

RESET

BALUN

Presence Signal

(every 100th,

every 10th,

every cyclic wake-up

or SW defined)

Spontaneous

wake-up

Cyclic Wake-up

(every 1s ,10s , 100s,

or SW defined)

A/D

Power management Micro

Controller

RF Transmitter

868.3 MHz (STM31x)

315.0 MHz (STM31xC)

DOLPHIN

EO3000I

16MHz Oscillator

SWPWR

Energy

Storage

VCHAR

VGC

Solar Cell

LRN button

Transmit

Indicator

AD_2

AD_1

AD_0

DI_2

DI_1

DI_0

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2.3 Pin description and operational characteristics

STM 31x

H a rd w a re

Sym bol

STM 31x

Firm w a re

Sym bol

Function C haracteristics

GND GND Ground connection

VDD VDD Supply voltage 2.1 V – 5.0 V; Start-up voltage: 2.6 V

Maximum ripple: see 2.6

Connection of external 3 V battery possible

VCHAR VCHAR Charging input Input for external energy harvester (for

use in STM 312). See 2.10.

VGC VGC Voltage Gold Cap Connection of additional external energy

storage or battery possible. See 2.10.

SWPWR

(= switched

DVDD)

SWPWR

DVDD supply volt-

age regulator out-

put switched via

transistor con-

trolled by EO3000I

WXIDIO pin.

1.8 V. Output current: max. 5 mA.

Supply for external circuitry, available

while not in deep sleep mode. SWPWR is

switched on 2ms (default) before sampling

of inputs and is switched off afterwards.

The delay time can be configured, see

2.7.2 (needed for stabilization of sensors)

UVDDext

(=UVDD

with 1.8MΩ

in series)

UVDD

Ultra low power

supply voltage

regulator output

Not for supply of external circuitry!

For use with WAKE pins only, see section

3.1. Limited to max. 1 µA output current

by internal 1.8 MΩ resistor!

IOVDD (not

available at

pin connec-

tor)

IOVDD

Digital interface

supply voltage

Internal connection to EO3000I DVDD

(typ. 1.8 V)

See 2.3.1.

RESET

Reset input

Programming I/F

Active high reset (1.8 V)

Fixed internal 10 kΩ pull-down.

PROG_EN

Programming I/F HIGH: programming mode active

LOW: operating mode

Digital input, fixed internal 10 kΩ pull-

down.

ADIO0

AD_0

Analog input Input read ~2 ms after wake-up.

Resolution 8 bit. See also 2.7.2.

ADIO1 AD_1 Analog input Input read ~2 ms after wake-up.

Resolution 8 bit (default) or 10 bit.

See 2.7.2.

ADIO2 AD_2 Analog input Input read ~2 ms after wake-up.

Resolution 8 bit (default) or 6 bit.

See 2.7.2.

ADIO3 DI_0 Digital input Input read ~2 ms after wake-up.

See 2.7.2.

Internal pull-up

ADIO4

DI_1

Digital input Input read ~2 ms after wake-up.

See 2.7.2.

Internal pull-up

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ADIO6 DI_2 Digital input Input read ~2 ms after wake-up.

See 2.7.2.

Internal pull-up

LED Transmission

indicator LED

Flashes during radio transmission.

Active LOW.

ADIO7

Programming I/F

CW_1

Encoding input for

wake-up cycle

Configuration interface.

Leave open or connect to GND. See 2.7.1.

Internal pull-up

SCSEDIO0

Programming I/F

CW_0 Encoding input for

wake-up cycle

Configuration interface.

Leave open or connect to GND. See 2.7.1.

Internal pull-up

SCLKDIO1

Programming I/F

CP_1 Encoding input for

retransmission

Configuration interface.

Leave open or connect to GND. See 2.7.1.

Internal pull-up

WSDADIO2

Programming I/F

CP_0 Encoding input for

retransmission

Configuration interface.

Leave open or connect to GND. See 2.7.1.

Internal pull-up

RSDADIO3

Programming I/F

WAKE0 WAKE0 Wake input Change of logic state leads to wake-up and

transmission of a telegram.

Must be connected to UVDDext or GND!

At time of delivery WAKE0 is connected to

UVDDext via a jumper at the connector.

See also 2.7.2, 2.8.2, and 3.1.

2.3.1 Interface supply voltage

The IOVDD pin of EO3000I is internally connected to DVDD. For digital communication with

other circuitry therefore a voltage of 1.8 V has to be used. While the module is in deep

sleep mode the microcontroller with all its peripherals is switched off and DVDD, IOVDD,

and SWPWR are not supplied.

If DVDD=0 V and IOVDD is not supplied (e.g. while in sleep mode), do not apply

voltage to ADIO0 to ADIO7 and the pins of the serial interface (SCSEDIO0,

SCLKDIO1, WSDADIO2, RSDADIO3). This may lead to unpredictable malfunction

of the device.

For I/O pins configured as analog pins the IOVDD voltage level is not relevant! See

also 2.3.2.

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2.3.2 Analog and digital inputs

Parameter Conditions / Notes Min Typ Max Units

Analog Input

Measurement range

Single ended 0.05 RVDD-

0.05

V

Input coupling DC

Measurement bandwidth 100 kHz

Input resistance

Single ended against

RGND @ 1 kHz

10 MΩ

Input capacitance

Single ended against

RGND @ 1 kHz

10 pF

Effective measurement resolution Configurable, see 2.7.2 6 10 bit

Relative measurement accuracy

Related to the reference

voltage within specified

input range

0.6 %

Digital Input Mode

Input HIGH voltage 2/3

IOVDD

V

Input LOW voltage 1/3

IOVDD

V

Pull up resistor @IOVDD=1.7 … 1.9 V 90 132 200 kΩ

2.4 Absolute maximum ratings (non operating)

Symbol Parameter Min Max Units

VDD Supply voltage at VDD -0.5 5.5 V

VGC Voltage gold cap 1.5 3.3 V

VCHAR Supply voltage from external energy harvester 0 6 V

GND Ground connection 0 0 V

VINA Voltage at every analog input pin -0.5 2 V

VIND Voltage at RESET, WAKE0/1, and every digital input -0.5 3.6 V

2.5 Maximum ratings (operating)

Symbol Parameter Min Max Units

VDD Supply voltage at VDD and VDDLIM 2.1 5.0 V

VGC Voltage gold cap 1.5 3.3 V

VCHAR Supply voltage from external energy harvester 0 6 V

ICHAR

Supply current from external energy harvester

Continuous

Short term (<10 min)

50

1

µA

mA

GND Ground connection 0 0 V

VINA Voltage at every analog input pin 0 2.0 V

VIND Voltage at RESET, WAKE0/1, and every digital input 0 3.6 V

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2.6 Power management and voltage regulators

Symbol Parameter Conditions / Notes Min Typ Max Units

Voltage Regulators

VDDR Ripple on VDD, where

Min(VDD) > VON

50 mVpp

UVDD Ultra Low Power supply 1.8 V

RVDD RF supply Internal signal only 1.7 1.8 1.9 V

DVDD Digital supply Internal signal only 1.7 1.8 1.9 V

Threshold Detector

VON Turn on threshold 2.3 2.45 2.6 V

VOFF Turn off threshold Automatic shutdown if

VDD drops below VOFF

1.85 1.9 2.1 V

Threshold detector

STM 31x provides an internal ultra low power ON/OFF threshold detector. If VDD > VON, it

turns on the ultra low power regulator (UVDD), the watchdog timer and the WAKE# pins

circuitry. If VDD ≤ VOFF it initiates the automatic shut down of STM 31x. For details of this

mechanism please refer to the Dolphin Core Description documentation.

2.7 Configuration

2.7.1 Configuration via pins

The encoding input pins have to be left open or connected to GND in correspondence with

the following connection schemes. These settings are checked at every wake-up.

Wake-up cycle time

CW_0 CW_1 Wake-up cycle time

NC GND 1 s ±20%

GND NC 10 s ±20%

NC NC 100 s ±20%

GND GND No cyclic wake-up

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Redundant retransmission

Via CP_0 and CP_1 an internal counter is set which is decreased at every wake-up signal.

Once the counter reaches zero the redundant retransmission signal is sent.

CP_0 CP_1 Number of wake-ups that

trigger a redundant retransmission

GND NC Every timer wake-up signal

NC NC Every 7th - 14th timer wake-up signal, affected at random

NC GND Every 70th - 140th timer wake-up signal, affected at random

GND GND No redundant retransmission

A radio telegram is always transmitted after wake-up via WAKE pins!

After transmission the counter is reset to a random value within the specified in-

terval.

According to FCC 15.231a) a redundant retransmission at every timer wake-up to

determine the system integrity is only allowed in safety and security applications!

In this case the total transmission time must not exceed two seconds per hour,

which means that a combination with a 1 s wake-up cycle time is not allowed!

If applied in other (non-safety, non-security) applications a minimum of 10 s be-

tween periodic transmissions is required. In addition the device has to comply with

the lower field strength limits of 15.231e). The limited modular approval of STM

31xC is not valid in this case.

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2.7.2 Configuration via serial interface

Via the programming interface the configuration area can be modified. This provides a lot

more configuration options. Values set via serial interface override hardware settings!

These settings are read after RESET or power-on reset only and not at every wake-up of

the module!

The interface is shown in the figure below:

Parameter Configuration

via pins Configuration

via serial interface

Wake up cycle See section 2.7.1 Value can be set from 1 s to 65534 s

Redundant

Retransmission cycle

See section 2.7.1 Min…Max values for random interval

If Min=Max -> random switched off

Threshold values for

analog inputs

(transmission of telegram if

threshold value exceeded)

No The default values are: 5 LSB at AD_1 input, 6

LSB at AD_0 and 14 LSB at AD_2.

The threshold value can be set between 0 and

full scale for every input individually.

Resolution of the analog

inputs

No Default: AD_0: 8 bit, AD_1: 8 bit, AD_2: 8 bit

Option: AD_0: 10 bit, AD_1: 6 bit, AD_2: 8 bit

Input mask No A digital input mask for ignoring changes on

digital input pins. At default all input bits are

checked.

Delay time between SWPWR

on and sampling moment

(for stabilization of external sensor

measurement values)

No Value can be set from 0 ms to 508 ms in steps

of 2 ms. Default delay time is 2 ms.

Source of AD_2 No Select if AD_2 contains measurement value of

external ADIO2 pin or from internal VDD/4

Edge of wake pin change

causing a telegram trans-

mission

No Every change of a wake pin triggers a wake-up.

For both wake pins it can be configured indi-

vidually if a telegram shall be sent on rising,

falling or both edges.

Manufacturer ID and EEP

(EnOcean Equipment Profile)

No Information about manufacturer and type of

device. This feature is needed for “automatic”

interoperability of sensors and actuators or bus

systems. Unique manufacturer IDs are distrib-

uted by the EnOcean Alliance.

USB <=> SPI

interface SPI

USB

Dolphin Studio, or EOP

Reset

PROG_EN

ADIO7

SCSEDIO0

SCLKDIO1

WSDADIO2

RSDADIO3

STM

31

x

VDD

GND

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EnOcean provides EOPx (EnOcean Programmer, a command line program) and Dolphin Stu-

dio (Windows application for chip configuration, programming, and testing) and the

USB/SPI programmer device as part of the EDK 300 developer´s kit.

2.8 Radio telegram

2.8.1 Normal operation

Telegram content (seen at serial interface of RCM 130/TCM 3x0 or at DOLPHIN API):

ORG = 0x07 (Telegram type “4BS”)

Data_Byte1..3

3x8bit mode:

DATA_BYTE3 = Value of AD_2 analog input

DATA_BYTE2 = Value of AD_1 analog input

DATA_BYTE1 = Value of AD_0 analog input

1x8bit, 1x6it, 1x10bit mode:

DATA_BYTE3 = Value of AD_2

DATA_BYTE2 = Upper 2 bits of AD_0 and value of AD_1

DATA_BYTE1 = Lower 8 bits Value of AD_0 analog input

DATA_BYTE0 = Digital sensor inputs as follows:

Bit 7 Bit 0

Reserved, set to 0 DI_3=1 DI_2 DI_1 DI_0

ID_BYTE3 = module identifier (Byte3)

ID_BYTE2 = module identifier (Byte2)

ID_BYTE1 = module identifier (Byte1)

ID_BYTE0 = module identifier (Byte0)

DATA_BYTE3 DATA_BYTE2 DATA_BYTE1

AD_2 AD_1 AD_0

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 5 4 3 2 1 0 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

The voltages measured at the analog inputs can be calculated from these values as follows:

U=(Value of AD_x)/(2n)x1.8 V n=resolution of channel in bit

Please note the limitations in the measurement range of the A/D converter as

shown in 2.3.2.

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2.8.2 Teach-in telegram

In case of a wake-up via WAKE1 pin (LRN input) the module transmits a teach-in telegram.

 If the manufacturer code is not set, the module transmits a normal telegram according to 2.8.1

with the difference that DI_3=0.

 If a manufacturer code is set, this teach-in telegram contains special information as described

below.

With this special teach-in telegram it is possible to identify the manufacturer of a device

and the function and type of a device. There is a list available from the EnOcean Alliance

describing the functionalities of the respective products.

ORG = 0x07 (Telegram type “4BS”)

DATA_BYTE0..3 see below

LRN Type = 1

LRN = 0

DI0..DI2: current status of digital inputs

Profile, Type, Manufacturer-ID defined by manufacturer

RE0..2: set to 0

ID_BYTE3 = module identifier (Byte3)

ID_BYTE2 = module identifier (Byte2)

ID_BYTE1 = module identifier (Byte1)

ID_BYTE0 = module identifier (Byte0)

ORG Data_Byte3 Data_Byte2 Data_Byte1 Data_Byte0 ID

Function

6 Bit

Type

7 Bit

Manufacturer-

ID 11 Bit

LRN Type

1Bit

RE2

1Bit

RE1

1Bit

RE0

1Bit

LRN

1Bit

DI2

1Bit

DI1

1Bit

DI0

1Bit

2.9 Transmit timing

The setup of the transmission timing allows avoiding possible collisions with data packages

of other EnOcean transmitters as well as disturbances from the environment. With each

transmission cycle, 3 identical subtelegrams are transmitted within 40 ms. The transmis-

sion of a subtelegram lasts approximately 1.2 ms. The delay between the three transmis-

sion bursts is affected at random.

If a new wake-up occurs before all sub-telegrams have been sent, the series of

transmissions is stopped and a new series of telegrams with new valid measure-

ment values is transmitted.

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2.10 Charging circuitry

The figure below shows the internal charging circuit. It is controlled via the WXODIO pin of

EO3000I which switches according to the status of the internal threshold detector. For de-

tails please refer to our Dolphin Core Description documentation.

An external 3 V battery can be connected at VDD (STM 312 only) or at VGC.

2.11 Energy consumption

Current Consumption of STM 31x

Charge needed for one measurement and transmit cycle: ~130 µC

Charge needed for one measurement cycle without transmit: ~30 µC

(current for external sensor circuits not included)

Calculations are performed on the basis of electric charges because of the internal linear

voltage regulator of the module. Energy consumption varies with voltage of the energy

storage while consumption of electric charge is constant.

0.00001

0.0001

0.001

0.01

0.1

1

10

100

0 102030405060708090100

Time [ms]

C u rre n t [mA]

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From these values the following performance parameters have been calculated:

Wake

cycle

[s] Transmit

interval

Operation Time

in darkness [h]

when storage

fully charged

Required reload

time [h] at 200

lux within 24 h

for continuous

operation

24 h operation

after 6 h

illumination

at x lux

Illumina-

tion level

in lux for

continuous

operation

Current

in µA

required

for con-

tinuous

operation

1 1 0.5 storage too sm all storage too sm all 5220 130.5

1 10 1.7 storage too sm all storage too sm all 1620 40.5

1 100 2.1 storage too sm all storage too sm all 1250 31.3

10 1 5.1 storage too sm all storage too sm all 540 13.5

10 10 16 21 700 175 4.4

10 100 20 16.8 560 140 3.5

100 1 43 7.8 260 65 1.6

100 10 98 3.6 120 30 0.8

100 100 112 3 100 25 0.6

Assumptions:

 Internal storage PAS614L-VL3 with 0.25 F, Umax=3.2 V, Umin=2.2 V, T=25 °C

 Consumption: Transmit cycle 100 µC, measurement cycle 30 µC

 Pre-installed solar cell ECS 300, operating values 3 V and 5 µA @ 200 lux fluorescent

light

 Current proportional to illumination level (not true at very low levels!)

These values are calculated values, the accuracy is about +/-20%!

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3 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION

3.1 Using the WAKE pins

The logic input circuits of the WAKE0 and WAKE1 pins are supplied by UVDD and therefore

also usable in “Deep Sleep Mode”. Due to current minimization there is no internal pull-up

or pull-down at the WAKE pins. When STM 31x is in “Deep Sleep Mode” and the logic levels

of WAKE0 and / or WAKE1 is changed, STM 31x starts up.

As the there is no internal pull-up or pull-down at the WAKE0 pin, it has to be en-

sured by external circuitry, that the WAKE0 pin is at a defined logic level at any

time. At time of delivery a jumper is connected between WAKE0 and UVDDext.

WAKE1 provides an internal 1.8 MΩ pull-up. See figure below.

When the LRN button is pressed WAKE1 is pulled to GND and a teach-in telegram is trans-

mitted. As long as the button is pressed a small current of approximately 1 µA is flowing. It

is possible to connect an additional external button in parallel between WAKE1 and GND if a

different position of the button in the device is required.

WAKE0 is connected to UVDDext via a jumper at time of delivery. If the module is mounted

onto a host PCB the jumper has to be removed. The circuitry on the host PCB then has to

ensure that WAKE0 is always in a defined position. There are two ways to use WAKE0:

 Connect WAKE0 to UVDDext and connect an external button between WAKE0 and GND.

As long as the button is pressed a current of 1 µA will flow.

 Connect a 3 terminal switch and switch WAKE0 to either GND or UVDDext. In this case

there is no continuous flow of current in either position of the switch.

EO3000I

WAKE0

WAKE1

UVDD

UVDDext

STM 31x

WAKE1

WAKE0

GND

1M8

LRN Button

Jumper installed at

time of delivery

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If more digital inputs with WAKE functionality are needed in an application, WAKE0 can be

combined with some of the digital inputs as shown below:

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STM 31X / STM 31XC

3.2 Antenna options

3.2.1 Whip antenna (STM 310, STM 310C, STM 312, STM 312C)

Specification of the whip antenna; L=150 mm @ 315 MHz, L=86 mm @ 868 MHz

Antenna layout recommendation:

STM 31x without host PCB STM 31x with host PCB

Glass, wood, concrete, metal

868MHz: > 2cm

315MHz: > 4cm

868MHz: > 1cm

315MHz: > 2cm

868MHz: > 2cm

315MHz: > 4cm

Host PCB

GND plane

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STM 31X / STM 31XC

3.2.2 Helical antenna (STM 311, STM 311C)

868 MHz

315 MHz

Antenna recommendation:

STM 31x without host PCB STM 31x with host PCB

Glass, wood, concrete, metal

868MHz: > 2mm

315MHz: > 4mm

868MHz: > 5mm

315MHz: > 10mm

Plastic

Host PCB

GND plane

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STM 31X / STM 31XC

3.3 Transmission range

The main factors that influence the system transmission range are type and location of the

antennas of the receiver and the transmitter, type of terrain and degree of obstruction of

the link path, sources of interference affecting the receiver, and “Dead” spots caused by

signal reflections from nearby conductive objects. Since the expected transmission range

strongly depends on this system conditions, range tests should categorically be performed

before notification of a particular range that will be attainable by a certain application.

The following figures for expected transmission range are considered by using a PTM, a

STM or a TCM radio transmitter device and the TCM radio receiver device with preinstalled

whip antenna and may be used as a rough guide only:

 Line-of-sight connections: Typically 30 m range in corridors, up to 100 m in halls

 Plasterboard walls / dry wood: Typically 30 m range, through max. 5 walls

 Line-of-sight connections: Typically 30 m range in corridors, up to 100 m in halls

 Ferroconcrete walls / ceilings: Typically 10 m range, through max. 1 ceiling

 Fire-safety walls, elevator shafts, staircases and supply areas should be considered as

screening.

The angle at which the transmitted signal hits the wall is very important. The effective wall

thickness – and with it the signal attenuation – varies according to this angle. Signals

should be transmitted as directly as possible through the wall. Wall niches should be

avoided. Other factors restricting transmission range:

 Switch mounted on metal surfaces (up to 30% loss of transmission range)

 Hollow lightweight walls filled with insulating wool on metal foil

 False ceilings with panels of metal or carbon fiber

 Lead glass or glass with metal coating, steel furniture

The distance between EnOcean receivers and other transmitting devices such as com-

puters, audio and video equipment that also emit high-frequency signals should be at least

0.5 m

A summarized application note to determine the transmission range within buildings is

available as download from www.enocean.com.

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4 AGENCY CERTIFICATIONS

The modules have been tested to fulfil the approval requirements for CE (STM 31x) and

FCC/IC (STM 31xC) based on the built-in firmware.

When developing customer specific firmware based on the API for this module,

special care must be taken not to exceed the specified regulatory limits, e.g. the

duty cycle limitations!

4.1 CE Approval

The STM 31x module bears the EC conformity marking CE and conforms to the R&TTE EU-

directive on radio equipment. The assembly conforms to the European and national re-

quirements of electromagnetic compatibility. The conformity has been proven and the ac-

cording documentation has been deposited at EnOcean. The modules can be operated with-

out notification and free of charge in the area of the European Union and in Switzerland.

 EnOcean RF modules must not be modified or used outside their specifica-

tion limits.

 EnOcean RF modules may only be used to transfer digital or digitized data.

Analog speech and/or music are not permitted.

 EnOcean RF modules must not be used with gain antennas, since this may

result in allowed ERP or spurious emission levels being exceeded.

 The final product incorporating EnOcean RF modules must itself meet the

essential requirement of the R&TTE Directive and a CE marking must be af-

fixed on the final product and on the sales packaging each. Operating in-

structions containing a Declaration of Conformity has to be attached.

 If the STM 31x transmitter is used according to the regulations of the 868.3

MHz band, a so-called “Duty Cycle” of 1% per hour must not be exceeded.

Permanent transmitters such as radio earphones are not allowed.

 The module must be used with only the following approved antenna(s).

Model T

yp

e

STM 310

STM 312

Pre-installed Wire/Monopole

STM 311 Pre-installed helical antenna

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4.2 FCC (United States) certification

STM 31xC LIMITED MODULAR APPROVAL

This is an RF module approved for Limited Modular use operating as an intentional trans-

mitting device with respect to 47 CFR 15.231(a-c) and is limited to OEM installation. The

module is optimized to operate using small amounts of harvested energy, such as can be

collected by a small solar cell exposed to ambient light. The module transmits short radio

packets comprised of control signals, (in some cases the control signal may be accompa-

nied with data) such as those used with alarm systems, door openers, remote switches,

and the like. The module does not support continuous streaming of voice, video, or any

other forms of streaming data; it sends only short packets containing control signals and

possibly data and is typically powered by a solar cell in ambient light. The module is de-

signed to comply with, has been tested according to 15.231(a-c), and has been found to

comply with each requirement. Thus, a finished device containing the STM 31xC radio mod-

ule can be operated in the United States without additional Part 15 FCC approval (ap-

proval(s) for unintentional radiators may be required for the OEM’s finished product), under

EnOcean’s FCC ID number. This greatly simplifies and shortens the design cycle and devel-

opment costs for OEM integrators.

The module can be triggered manually or automatically, which cases are described below.

Manual Activation

The radio module can be configured to transmit a short packetized control signal if

triggered manually. The module can be triggered, by pressing a switch, for example.

The packet contains one (or more) control signals that is(are) intended to control

something at the receiving end. The packet may also contain data. Depending on

how much energy is available from the energy source, subsequent manual triggers

can initiate the transmission of additional control signals. This may be necessary if

prior packet(s) was (were) lost to fading or interference. Subsequent triggers can

also be initiated as a precaution if any doubt exists that the first packet didn’t arrive

at the receiver. Each packet that is transmitted, regardless of whether it was the

first one or a subsequent one, will only be transmitted if enough energy is available

from the energy source.

Automatic Activation

The radio module also can be configured to transmit a short packetized control sig-

nal if triggered automatically, by a relevant change of its inputs, for example. Again,

the packet contains a control signal that is intended to control something at the re-

ceiving end and may also contain data. As above, it is possible for the packet to get

lost and never reach the receiver. However, if enough energy is available from the

energy source, and the module has been configured to do so, then another packet or

packets containing the control signal may be transmitted at a later, unpredictable

time.

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OEM Requirements

In order to use EnOcean’s FCC ID number, the OEM must ensure that the following condi-

tions are met.

 End users of products, which contain the module, must not have the ability to alter the

firmware that governs the operation of the module. The agency grant is valid only when

the module is incorporated into a final product by OEM integrators.

 The end-user must not be provided with instructions to remove, adjust or install the

module.

 The Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) must ensure that FCC labeling requirements

are met. This includes a clearly visible label on the outside of the final product. Attaching

a label to a removable portion of the final product, such as a battery cover, is not per-

mitted. The label must include the following text:

STM 310C, STM 312C:

Contains FCC ID: SZV-STM310C

The enclosed device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to

the following two conditions: (i.) this device may not cause harmful interference and

(ii.) this device must accept any interference received, including interference that

may cause undesired operation.

STM 311C:

Contains FCC ID: SZV-STM311C

The enclosed device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to

the following two conditions: (i.) this device may not cause harmful interference and

(ii.) this device must accept any interference received, including interference that

may cause undesired operation.

When the device is so small or for such use that it is not practicable to place the state-

ment above on it, the information required by this paragraph shall be placed in a promi-

nent location in the instruction manual or pamphlet supplied to the user or, alterna-

tively, shall be placed on the container in which the device is marketed. However, the

FCC identifier or the unique identifier, as appropriate, must be displayed on the device.

The user manual for the end product must also contain the text given above.

 Changes or modifications not expressly approved by EnOcean could void the user's au-

thority to operate the equipment.

 The OEM must ensure that timing requirements according to 47 CFR 15.231(a-c) are

met.

 The OEM must sign the OEM Limited Modular Approval Agreement with EnOcean

 The module must be used with only the following approved antenna(s).

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4.3 IC (Industry Canada) certification

In order to use EnOcean’s IC number, the OEM must ensure that the following conditions

are met:

 Labeling requirements for Industry Canada are similar to those required by the FCC. The

Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) must ensure that IC labeling requirements are

met. A clearly visible label on the outside of a non-removable part of the final product

must include the following text:

STM 310C, STM 312C:

Contains IC: 5713A-STM310C

STM 311C

Contains IC: 5713A-STM311C

 The OEM must sign the OEM Limited Modular Approval Agreement with EnOcean

Model T

yp

eGain

STM 310C

STM 312C

Pre-installed Wire/Monopole 1.0 dBi

STM 311C Pre-installed helical antenna -9 dBi

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EnOcean GmbH

Kolpingring 18a

82041 Oberhaching

Germany

Phone +49.89.67 34 689-0

Fax +49.89.67 34 689-50

info@enocean.com

www.enocean.com

Subject to modifications

STM 320 / STM 320C / STM 321C User Manual

V0.6

September 10, 2010 12:06 PM

Patent protected:

WO98/36395, DE 100 25 561, DE 101 50 128,

WO 2004/051591, DE 103 01 678 A1, DE 10309334,

WO 04/109236, WO 05/096482, WO 02/095707,

US 6,747,573, US 7,019,241

Observe precautions! Electrostatic sensitive devices!

Scavenger Transmitter Module

STM 320 / STM 320C / STM 321C

September 10, 2010

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STM 320 / STM 320C / STM 321C

REVISION HISTORY

The following major modifications and improvements have been made to the first version of

this document:

No Major Changes

0.5 Initial version

0.6 New drawings added; new energy consumption data added; application note for

connecting an external battery added; Agency certifications added

Published by EnOcean GmbH, Kolpingring 18a, 82041 Oberhaching, Germany

www.enocean.com, info@enocean.com, phone ++49 (89) 6734 6890

Important!

This information describes the type of component and shall not be considered as assured characteris-

tics. No responsibility is assumed for possible omissions or inaccuracies. Circuitry and specifications

are subject to change without notice. For the latest product specifications, refer to the EnOcean web-

site: http://www.enocean.com.

As far as patents or other rights of third parties are concerned, liability is only assumed for modules,

not for the described applications, processes and circuits.

EnOcean does not assume responsibility for use of modules described and limits its liability to the

replacement of modules determined to be defective due to workmanship. Devices or systems contain-

ing RF components must meet the essential requirements of the local legal authorities.

The modules must not be used in any relation with equipment that supports, directly or indirectly,

human health or life or with applications that can result in danger for people, animals or real value.

Components of the modules are considered and should be disposed of as hazardous waste. Local

government regulations are to be observed.

Packing: Please use the recycling operators known to you. By agreement we will take packing mate-

rial back if it is sorted. You must bear the costs of transport. For packing material that is returned to

us unsorted or that we are not obliged to accept, we shall have to invoice you for any costs incurred.

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STM 320 / STM 320C / STM 321C

TABLE OF CONTENT

1 GENERAL DESCRIPTION................................................................................. 4

1.1 Basic functionality ......................................................................................... 4

1.2 Technical data .............................................................................................. 4

1.3 Physical dimensions....................................................................................... 5

1.4 Environmental conditions ............................................................................... 7

1.5 Ordering Information ..................................................................................... 7

2 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION............................................................................ 8

2.1 Block diagram............................................................................................... 8

2.2 Radio telegram ............................................................................................. 8

2.3 Transmit timing ............................................................................................ 9

2.4 Energy consumption ...................................................................................... 9

3 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION ...................................................................... 10

3.1 Helical antenna ........................................................................................... 10

3.2 Transmission range ..................................................................................... 11

3.3 Connecting an external battery ..................................................................... 11

4 AGENCY CERTIFICATIONS (after release for series production) ......................... 12

4.1 CE Approval................................................................................................ 12

4.2 FCC (United States) certification ................................................................... 13

4.3 IC (Industry Canada) certification.................................................................. 15

USER MANUAL V0.6

STM 320 / STM 320C / STM 321C

1 GENERAL DESCRIPTION

1.1 Basic functionality

The radio transmitter module STM 320 from

EnOcean enables the implementation of a

wireless magnet contact sensor. Powered by

a solar cell it works absolutely maintenance-

free. An integrated energy store allows

operation for several days even in total

darkness. Key applications are window and

door sensors. The STM 320 supervises an

integrated reed contact and reports every

status change immediately (open<>closed).

In addition a sign of life signal is transmitted

every 20-30 minutes.

A LRN button is pre-installed on the PCB. When this button is pressed a special teach-in

signal is sent.

There are two frequency variants – STM 320 in 868 MHz and STM 320C in 315 MHz.

STM 321C provides a connector for an external reed contact instead of the internal reed

contact.

Features with built-in firmware

 Pre-installed solar cell

 On-board energy storage and charging circuit

 On-board LRN button

 On-board TX indicator LED

 On-board reed contact

1.2 Technical data

Antenna Pre-installed helical antenna installed

Frequency 315.0 MHz (STM 32xC)/868.3 MHz (STM 320)

Radio Standard EnOcean 868 MHz/315 MHz

Data rate/Modulation type 125 kbps/ASK

Conducted Output Power typ. 2 dBm

Power Supply Pre-installed solar cell

Illumination 50-100000 lux

Initial operation time in darkness @

25°C

typ. 6 days, energy storage fully charged

transmission of telegram every 25 min on average1

Operation start up time with empty

energy store

typ. 2.5 min @ 400 lux / 25°C

incandescent or fluorescent light

Reed contact 1x internal, type Meder MK01-I

Radio Regulations R&TTE EN 300 220 (STM 320)

FCC CFR-47 Part 15 (STM 32xC)

1Full performance of the PAS614L energy storage is achieved after a few days of operation

at good illumination level. Performance degrades over life time, especially if energy storage

is exposed to higher temperatures. Each 10K drop in temperature doubles the expected life

span.

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1.3 Physical dimensions

PCB dimensions 43±0.2 x 16±0.3 x 1±0.1 mm

Module height 9 mm

Weight 5.0g (STM 320), 6.3 g (STM 320C)

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1.4 Environmental conditions

Operating temperature -20 °C … +60 °C

Storage temperature -20 °C … +60 °C

Humidity 0% … 93% r.h., non-condensing

1.5 Ordering Information

Type Ordering Code Frequency

STM 320 S3001-D320 868.3 MHz

STM 320C S3031-D320 315.0 MHz

STM 321C 315.0 MHz

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2 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION

2.1 Block diagram

A change of the reed contact status or pushing the LRN button will wake the transmitter

unit to send a radio telegram immediately (reed contact position, LRN push button status,

unique 32-bit sensor ID, checksum). In addition a redundant retransmission signal is sent

to announce the contact status even in case of no input signal changes. This signal trans-

mitted every 20-30 min, affected at random. The transmit indicator LED flashes briefly at

every radio transmission.

Between the wake-up phases, the device is in sleep mode for minimum power consump-

tion.

2.2 Radio telegram

STM 320 transmits a radio telegram according to EnOcean Equipment Profile

EEP 06-00-01 as defined in the EnOcean Equipment Profiles 2.0 specification.

http://www.enocean-alliance.org/fileadmin/redaktion/enocean_alliance/pdf/EnOcean_Equipment_Profiles_2.0.pdf

Helical antenna

BALUN

Spontaneous

wake-up

Power management Micro

Controller

RF Transmitter

868.3 MHz (STM320)

315.0 MHz (STM320C)

DOLPHIN

EO3000I

16MHz Oscillator

Energy

Storage

Solar Cell

LRN button

Transmit

Indicator

Reed

contact

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2.3 Transmit timing

The setup of the transmission timing allows avoiding possible collisions with data packages

of other EnOcean transmitters as well as disturbances from the environment. With each

transmission cycle, 3 identical subtelegrams are transmitted within 40 ms. The transmis-

sion of a subtelegram lasts approximately 1.2 ms. The delay between the three transmis-

sion bursts is affected at random.

2.4 Energy consumption

Charge needed for one measurement and transmit cycle: ~80 µC

Charge needed for one measurement cycle without transmit: ~10 µC

Calculations are performed on the basis of electric charges because of the internal linear

voltage regulator of the module. Energy consumption varies with voltage of the energy

storage while consumption of electric charge is constant.

From these values the following performance parameters have been calculated:

Wake and

transmit

cycle [s]

Operation Time in darkness

[h] when storage fully

charged

Required reload time [h] at 200 lux

within 24 h for continuous operation

1500 175 1.8

Assumptions:

 Internal storage PAS614L-VL3 with 0.25 F, Umax=3.2 V, Umin=2.3 V, T=25 °C

 Consumption: Transmit cycle 80 µC, measurement cycle 10 µC

 Pre-installed solar cell ECS 300, operating values 3 V and 5 µA @ 200 lux fluorescent

light

 Current proportional to illumination level (not true at very low levels!)

These values are calculated values, the accuracy is about +/-20%!

0.00001

0.0001

0.001

0.01

0.1

1

10

100

0 102030405060708090100

Time [ms]

C urrent [mA]

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3 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION

3.1 Helical antenna

868 MHz

315 MHz

Antenna recommendation:

STM 320 without host PCB STM 320 with host PCB

Glass, wood, concrete, metal

868MHz: > 2mm

315MHz: > 4mm

868MHz: > 5mm

315MHz: > 10mm

Plastic

Host PCB

GND plane

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3.2 Transmission range