Fluke 434 Series Ii Application Note 2412973

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Application Note

Electric utilities are working harder than

ever to stay competitive, manage capacity,

and protect revenue. To differentiate

themselves from competitors, many utili-

ties are offering power quality and other

efficiency-related services. As a result,

new power quality measurement tools are

reflecting this same multi-purpose field

service ethic.

The three-phase analyzers that techni-

cians already use to measure power

factor and trend power quality now offer

user-settable ratios for displaying readings

From the Fluke Digital Library @ www.fluke.com/library

Multi-purpose measurement

tools help utilities increase

service and protect revenue

Power quality, power

factor, and demand

management

New handheld three-phase power

quality analyzers like the Fluke

430 Series are rated for use at

the service entrance and will

trend data easily, without setup.

To support detailed yet efficient

assessments of substations and

customers’ power, new analyzers:

•Measure voltage, current, fre-

quency, power, power factor,

power consumption (energy),

unbalance and flicker, harmon-

ics and inter-harmonics on all

three phases and neutral

•Log events like dips, swells,

and interruptions

•Trend all measurements on-

screen, with automatic scaling

•Check conformity to EN50160

limits or to custom limits

•Capture 40 waveforms showing

detailed dips, swells, interrup-

tions or transients

•Meet 600 V CAT IV, 1000 V

CAT III safety standard required

for measurements at the service

entrance

•Transfer stored measurements

to the PC

as if measuring at the primary side of PTs

and CTs. They also verify revenue meters.

Enough revenue meters are out of toler-

ance that a 2001 Electric Power Research

Institute study estimated meter-related

losses at $5 million to $20 million per year

for a medium sized U.S. utility.

Using a multi-purpose analyzer such as

the Fluke 430 Series allows utility techni-

cians to offer more customer services in

less time and quickly audit revenue meters

during each site visit.

Figure 3. The main setup screen shows probe

connections and scale factors for CTs and PTs.

2 Fluke Corporation Multi-purpose measurement tools help utilities increase service and protect revenue

Figure 1. The Monitor function on the Fluke 430 Series allows

technicians to check overall power quality against standards—or verify

custom-set limits—and to show the customer a clear and convincing

go/no-go screen.

Flexible connections for current and

potential transformers

The Fluke 430 Series in particular can be con-

nected directly to low voltage services, including

120 V/240 V, 480 V, and 600 V. It can also connect

in parallels with primary metering using PT or CT

loops and a set of precision 5 A current clamps.

Technicians can set custom scale factors, to display

readings in primary units. The analyzers support all

standard power configurations:

•Single-phase 120/240 V

•Three phase grounded wye

•Three phase delta

•Three phase high leg delta

•Three phase open leg delta

•Single phase and 3 phase IT

2A

Figure 2. Large consumers can install power factor correction or

harmonics mitigation that affects the distribution system. Utilities can

perform before and after readings to help customers evaluate solutions

and to check for impact on distribution. Figure 2A shows current lag-

ging voltage at the service entrance of a commercial building. Figure

2B shows the same service entrance after applying power factor cor-

rection. Applying the correction results in a 10 % reduction in current

consumption, but also results in somewhat higher current distortion.

2B

3 Fluke Corporation Multi-purpose measurement tools help utilities increase service and protect revenue

Revenue meter verification

The meter verification test is

similar to a hand-switch verifica-

tion and can quickly uncover

tolerance problems. On new

analyzers, technicians use a soft-

key to conduct the test, with no

configuration or accessories

needed. The verification can be

performed on any electromechan-

ical meter or electronic meter that

has an indicator or rotating disk.

Figure 4 shows the Power and

Energy display on the Fluke 430

Series. Technicians connect the

analyzer and then press the soft-

key labeled “MANUAL COUNT +1”

to increment the counter each

time the marker passes on the

revenue meter. Figure 4 shows

the results after three revolutions

of a meter (pulses). In this case,

the value observed from the rev-

enue meter was 4.9 % lower

than the 3.148 kWh measurement

on the Fluke 434.

Figure 4. The Fluke 434 uses four voltage and four current inputs to

accumulate and display actual kWh, kVAh and kVARh. Actual values

from the Fluke 434 can be easily compared to the revenue meter.

Actual kWh

measured by

Fluke 434

kWh calculated

from counting

revenue meter

cycles

1.Set the scale factors

Set CT and PT scale factors on

the analyzer, if necessary.

(See Figure 3.) Under the

FUNCTION PREFerences for the

Power and Energy Function,

set the pulse constant on the

analyzer to match the pulse

constant on the revenue meter

(Kh). Use the down arrow but-

ton to see the pulse constant

as shown in Figure 5. Connect

the 430 in parallel with the

revenue meter.

Here’s how the manual measurement works:

Figure 5. Setting the pulse constant to correspond to the revenue meter.

2. Setup the energy

measurement

Select the Power & Energy

mode from the main menu and

press the Hold/Run softkey

twice. Press the TIMED softkey,

then specify the number of

pulses to count before holding

the results on the display. Press

START to return to the Power

and Energy Screen. Press the

ENERGY softkey to open the

Energy display. Make sure

Pulse Counting is turned on.

4 Fluke Corporation Multi-purpose measurement tools help utilities increase service and protect revenue

Fluke Corporation

PO Box 9090, Everett, WA USA 98206

Fluke Europe B.V.

PO Box 1186, 5602 BD

Eindhoven, The Netherlands

For more information call:

In the U.S.A. (800) 443-5853 or Fax (425) 446-5116

In Europe/M-East/Africa (31 40) 2 675 200 or

Fax (31 40) 2 675 222

In Canada (800) 36-FLUKE or Fax (905) 890-6866

From other countries +1 (425) 446-5500 or

Fax +1 (425) 446-5116

Web access: http://www.fluke.com

©2005 Fluke Corporation. All rights reserved.

Printed in U.S.A. 5/2005 2464475 A-US-N Rev A

Fluke. Keeping your world

up and running.

3. Perform the verification

Press the RESET ENERGY

softkey to reset the energy

counter as the marker passes

on the revenue meter. Press

the MANUAL COUNT + 1

softkey each time the marker

passes.

4. Read the results

After the number of rotations

specified in step 2 above, the

display will hold. Read the

meter error, in percent, from

the lower right part of the

screen.

Figure 6. Setting the number of pulses to count.

Some utilities make a practice of auditing

large customer power meters once a month

to safeguard revenue. New, multi-purpose

power quality analyzers make this kind of

personalized field service far more efficient,

and feasible. They also provide more cus-

tomer-friendly data, offering new ways to

add value to customer service.