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LRS400S Data Transceiver Manual
FreeWave Technologies
LRS400S
Data Transceiver
Version 1.0
FreeWave Technologies, Inc.
1880 South Flatiron Court
Boulder, CO 80301
(303) 444-9200
(303) 786-9948 Fax
www.FreeWave.com
LUM0025AA Rev A
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LRS400S Data Transceiver Users Manual
LICENSED BAND WIRELESS DATA TRANSCEIVER USER MANUAL
Copyright © 1995-2010 by FreeWave Technologies, Inc. All rights reserved. Published 2010.
WARRANTY
FreeWave Technologies warrants your FreeWave® Wireless Data Transceiver against defects in
materials and manufacturing for a period of two years from the date of shipment. In the event of a
Product failure due to materials or workmanship, FreeWave will, at its option, repair or replace the
Product. The Product must be returned to FreeWave upon receiving a Return Material Authorization
(RMA) for evaluation of Warranty Coverage.
In no event will FreeWave Technologies Inc., its suppliers, and its licensors be liable for any damages
arising from the use of or inability to use this Product. This includes business interruption, loss of
business information, or other loss which may arise from the use of this Product. Please be advised that
OEM customer’s warranty periods may vary.
Warranty Policy may not apply:
1. If Product repair, adjustments or parts replacements is required due to accident, neglect, unusual
physical, electrical or electromagnetic stress.
2. If Product is used outside of FreeWave specifications.
3. If Product has been modified, repaired or altered by Customer unless FreeWave specifically
authorized such alterations in each instance in writing. This includes the addition of conformal
coating.
Special Rate Replacement Option
A special rate replacement option is offered to non-warranty returns or upgrades. The option to purchase
the replacement unit at this special rate is only valid for that RMA. The special replacement rate option
expires if not exercised within 30 days of final disposition of RMA.
RESTRICTED RIGHTS
Any product names mentioned in this manual may be trademarks, or registered trademarks of their
respective companies and are hereby acknowledged.
Information in this manual is subject to change without notice and is proprietary and confidential to
FreeWave Technologies, Inc.
This manual is for use by purchasers and other authorized users of the FreeWave® Wireless Data
Transceiver only.
No part of this manual may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or
mechanical, or for any purpose without the express written permission of FreeWave Technologies, Inc.
FreeWave’s Wireless Data Transceivers are designed and manufactured in the United States of America.
Printed in the United States of America.
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LRS400S Data Transceiver Users Manual
CAUTION:
The LRS400S series transceiver have maximum transmitted output power of 2W. It is
recommended that the transmit antenna be kept at least 71 cm away from nearby persons to satisfy FCC
RF exposure requirements.
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LRS400S Data Transceiver Users Manual
Table of Contents
ABOUT FREEWAVE TRANSCEIVERS.................................................................................................................6
CHOOSING A LOCATION FOR THE TRANSCEIVERS....................................................................................6
CHOOSING POINT-TO-POINT OR POINT-TO-MULTIPOINT OPERATION ........................................................................7
QUICK START ON A POINT-TO-MULTIPOINT NETWORK ..........................................................................8
POINT-TO-MULTIPOINT OPERATION LEDS. ...............................................................................................................8
QUICK START ON A POINT-TO-POINT NETWORK........................................................................................9
POINT-TO-POINT OPERATION LEDS ...........................................................................................................................9
SETTING UP A TRANSCEIVER ...........................................................................................................................10
OPERATION MODE....................................................................................................................................................10
BAUD RATE ..............................................................................................................................................................12
CALL BOOK ..............................................................................................................................................................15
RADIO TRANSMISSION CHARACTERISTICS ...............................................................................................................16
EDIT RADIO TRANSMISSION CHARACTERISTICS .......................................................................................................16
Setting Xmit and Rcv Frequencies .......................................................................................................................16
(1) and (2) Max Packet Size and Min Packet Size ...............................................................................................17
(3) Xmit Rate........................................................................................................................................................18
(4) RF Data Rate .................................................................................................................................................18
(5)RF Xmit Power................................................................................................................................................18
(6) Slave Security.................................................................................................................................................19
(7) RTS to CTS.....................................................................................................................................................19
(8) Retry Time Out...............................................................................................................................................19
(9) Lowpower Mode.............................................................................................................................................20
(C) Remote LED ..................................................................................................................................................21
MULTIPOINT PARAMETERS ......................................................................................................................................22
EDIT MULTIPOINT PARAMETERS ..............................................................................................................................22
(0) Repeaters........................................................................................................................................................22
(1) Master Packet Repeat ....................................................................................................................................22
(2) Max Slave Retry .............................................................................................................................................23
(3) Retry Odds .....................................................................................................................................................23
(4) DTR Connect..................................................................................................................................................23
(6) Network ID.....................................................................................................................................................23
(8) MultiMaster Sync ...........................................................................................................................................23
(9) 1 PPS Enable/Delay.......................................................................................................................................23
(A) Slave/Repeater ...............................................................................................................................................24
(B) Diagnostics ....................................................................................................................................................24
(C) Subnet ID.......................................................................................................................................................24
(D) Radio ID........................................................................................................................................................25
(E) Local Access ..................................................................................................................................................25
(G) Radio Name...................................................................................................................................................25
RADIO INFORMATION ...............................................................................................................................................26
Number of Disconnects........................................................................................................................................26
Antenna Reflected Power.....................................................................................................................................26
Average Noise Level ............................................................................................................................................26
Average Signal Level ...........................................................................................................................................27
Overall Rcv Rate (%)...........................................................................................................................................27
Radio Temperature ..............................................................................................................................................27
FACTORY DEFAULT SETTINGS.........................................................................................................................28
OPERATIONAL RS-422 AND RS-485 INFORMATION .................................................................................................29
RS-422 and RS-485 Full Duplex Pin-Outs ..........................................................................................................30
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RS-485 Half Duplex Pin-Outs..............................................................................................................................30
RS232 PIN ASSIGNMENTS ........................................................................................................................................30
RF BOARD PINOUT ...................................................................................................................................................31
FREEWAVE TECHNICAL SUPPORT ............................................................................................................................31
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About FreeWave Transceivers
FreeWave transceivers operate in virtually any environment where RS232 data communications occur. A
pair of transceivers function as a 9-pin null modem cable. If the FreeWave transceivers are to be used in
an application where a null modem cable is used, such as communication between two computers, then
the FreeWave transceivers can be connected directly. If FreeWave transceivers are to be used to replace
a straight-through RS232 cable, then a null modem cable must be placed between the transceiver and
the DTE instrument to which it is connected.
Choosing a Location for the Transceivers
Placement of the FreeWave transceiver is likely to have a significant impact on its performance. The key
to the overall robustness of the radio link is the height of the antenna. In general, FreeWave units with a
higher antenna placement will have a better communication link. In practice, the transceiver should be
placed away from computers, telephones, answering machines and other similar equipment. The RS232
cable included with the transceiver usually provides ample distance for placement away from other
equipment. To improve the data link, FreeWave Technologies offers directional antennas with cable
lengths ranging from 3 to 200 feet. When using an external antenna, placement of that antenna is critical
to a solid data link. Other antennas in close proximity are a potential source of interference; use the Radio
Statistics to help identify potential problems. The Show Radio Statistics page is found in option 4 in the
Main Menu. An adjustment as little as 2 feet in antenna placement can resolve some noise problems. In
extreme cases, band pass filter may reduce the out-of-band noise.
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LRS400S Data Transceiver Users Manual
Choosing Point-to-Point or Point-to-MultiPoint Operation
A Point-to-Point network is limited to one Master and one Slave transceiver.
In a Point-to-MultiPoint network (also referred to as MultiPoint network) the transceiver, designated as a
Master, is able to simultaneously communicate with numerous Slaves. In its simplest form, a MultiPoint
network functions with the Master broadcasting its messages to all Slaves and the Slaves responding to
the Master when given data by the device connected to the data port.
It is important to note the differences between Point-to-Point and MultiPoint networks. In a Point-to-Point
network all packets are acknowledged, whether sent from the Master to the Slave or from the Slave to the
Master. In a MultiPoint network, outbound packets from the Master to Slaves are sent a set number of
times determined by the user. The receiving transceiver will accept the first packet received that passes
the 32 bit CRC. However, the packet is not acknowledged. On the return trip to the Master, all packets
sent by the Slave are acknowledged or retransmitted until they are acknowledged. Therefore, the return
link in a MultiPoint network is generally very robust.
Note: In licensed band operation it is suggested to set the repeated master packets at 0 due to
the spectrum being quiet. This will maximize throughput and leverage the advantages of licensed
band operation.
Traditionally, a MultiPoint network is used in applications where data is collected from many instruments
and reported back to one central site. As such, the architecture of such a network is different from Pointto-Point applications. The number of radios in a MultiPoint network is influenced by the following
parameters:
1.
Size of the blocks of data. The longer the data blocks, the smaller the network capacity.
2.
Baud rate.
3.
The amount of contention between Slaves. Polled Slaves vs. timed Slaves.
For example, if the network will be polling Slaves once a day to retrieve sparse data, several hundred
Slaves could be configured to a single Master. However, if each Slave will be transmitting data at greater
levels, then fewer Slaves should be linked to the Master. The overall network will be closer to capacity
with fewer Slaves.
For examples and additional information on data communication links, see the section Examples
of Data Communication Links later in this document.
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LRS400S Data Transceiver Users Manual
Quick Start on a Point-to-MultiPoint Network
The following is a quick start guide for setting up two transceivers in Point-to-MultiPoint mode. This mode allows for a
Master to communicate with several Slaves simultaneously.
1.
Connect the transceiver to the serial port of a computer either through a serial cable or via the diagnostics
cable. Make sure to connect the radio to a power source (typically, 6 to 30 VDC).
2.
Open up a HyperTerminal session.
•
Use the following settings in connecting with HyperTerminal
•
Connect to COMx (where 'x' is the number of the com port being connected to)
•
Set data rate to - 19,200, data bits - 8, Parity- none, Stop bits – 1, Flow control – none.
3.
Press the Setup button on the radio. If using the diagnostics cable, press Shift-U (capital U).
•
The three lights on the board should all turn green, indicating Setup mode.
•
The main menu will appear on the screen.
4.
Press 0 to get into the Operation Mode menu.
•
Press 2 to set the radio as a point to MultiPoint Master.
•
OR, Press 3 to set the radio as a point to MultiPoint Slave.
•
Press Esc to get back to Main menu.
5.
Press 1 in the main menu to change the Baud Rate.
•
The baud rate must be changed to match the baud rate of the device that the radio is to be attached to.
•
Press Esc to get back to Main menu.
6.
At the Main Menu, press 3.
•
Set FreqKey, Max Packet Size, Min Packet Size, RF Data rate identical on all radios in the network.
Note: Changing these values may help to eliminate interference from other FreeWave networks.
•
Press Esc to get back to Main menu.
7.
At the Main Menu, press 5.
•
Set the Network ID value to any value between 1 and 4095, except 255.
•
Make sure this value is the same on every radio in the network.
Point-to-MultiPoint Operation LEDs.
Master
Condition
Slave
Carrier Detect
(CD)
Transmit
(TX)
Powered, not linked
Solid red
bright
Solid red
dim
Off
Solid red
bright
Off
Blinking
red
Slave linked to Master,
no data
Solid red
bright
Solid red
dim
Off
Solid
green
Off
* Solid red
bright
Slave linked to Master,
Master sending data to
Slave
Solid red
bright
Solid red
dim
Off
Solid
green
Off
* Solid red
bright
Slave linked to Master,
Slave sending data to
Master
Solid green
RCV data
or Solid red
bright
Solid red
dim
Intermittent
flash
redÑoÒ
Solid
green
Intermittent
flash
redÑoÒ
* Solid red
bright
Master with diagnostics
program running
Solid red
bright
Solid red
dim
Intermittent
flash
redÑoÒ
Solid
green
Intermittent
flash
redÑoÒ
* Solid red
bright
* Clear to Send LED will be solid red
will begin to flash\.
LUM0025AA Rev A
Clear to
Send (CTS)
Carrier
Detect
(CD)
Transmit
(TX)
Clear to
Send
(CTS)
with a solid link, as the link weakens the Clear to Send LED light on the Slave
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LRS400S Data Transceiver Users Manual
Quick Start on a Point-to-Point Network
When purchased as a pair, the FreeWave® Wireless Data Transceivers are shipped from the factory preconfigured to operate in Point-to-Point applications. To establish communications between a pair of
FreeWave Wireless Data Transceivers just received from the factory:
1.
Connect antennas to the transceivers. Freewave Technologies recommends that the antenna
port be loaded at all times to prevent damage to the LRS400S radios. Noise potential may be
reduced on the bench by lowering the Xmit power.
2.
Connect the transceiver to the instrument with the RS232 cable and also attach power. The
cable supplied with enclosed transceivers (except Waterproof) is a 9-pin male serial; professional
board level transceivers will need a separate programming cable (sold separately).
3.
Set the Modem mode in each transceiver. One should be set as a Point-to-Point Master (Mode
0) and the other set as a Point-to-Point Slave (Mode 1).
4.
Set the baud rate on each transceiver to match the baud rate of the instrument to which it is
attached. Please note, when setting the transceiver's baud rate, its RS232 data rate is set. The
baud rate does not have to be on the same setting for the two transceivers.
5.
Edit the Call Book. Enter the Slave serial number in the Master’s Call Book. Enter the Master’s
Serial number in the Slave’s Call Book, or disable Slave Security (in the Slave).
6.
Shortly after both transceivers are plugged in, they should establish a communications link with
each other and the connection is complete. Using the table below, verify that the radios are
operating as expected.
Point-to-Point Operation LEDs
Master
Condition
Slave
Carrier
Detect
(CD)
Transmit
(TX)
Clear to
Send (CTS)
Carrier
Detect (CD)
Powered, no link
Solid red
bright
Solid red
bright
Solid red
bright
Solid red
bright
Linked, sending
sparse data
Solid
green
Intermittent
flash
redÑoÒ
Intermittent
flash
redÑoÒ
Master calling
Slave
Solid red
bright
Solid red
dim
Solid red
bright
Solid red
bright
Off
Mode 6 - waiting
for ATD command
Solid red
bright
Blinking
red\
Solid red
bright
Off
Setup Mode
Solid
green
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Off
Solid
green
Solid green
Version 1.0
Solid
green
Solid
green
Transmit
(TX)
Off
Clear to
Send (CTS)
Blinking red
Intermittent
flash
redÑoÒ
Intermittent
flash
redÑoÒ
Blinking red
Blinking red
Solid
green
Solid
green
LRS400S Data Transceiver Users Manual
Setting up a Transceiver
Operation Mode
The Operation Mode option designates the method FreeWave transceivers use to communicate with
each other. FreeWave transceivers operate in a Master to Slave configuration. Before the transceivers
can operate together, they must be set up to properly communicate.
In a Point-to-Point configuration, Master or Slave Mode may be used on either end of the communication
link without performance degradation. When setting up the transceiver, remember that a number of
parameters are controlled by the settings in the Master. Therefore, deploying the Master on the
communications end where it will be easier to access is advised, but not necessary.
Operation
Mode
Description
Point-to-Point
Master (0)
This mode designates the transceiver as the Master in Point-to-Point mode. The
Master may call any or all Slaves designated in its Call Book.
In Point-to-Point mode the Master determines the setting used for most of the
radio transmission characteristics, regardless of the settings in the Slave. The
settings not determined by the Master are: RF Xmit Power, Slave Security, Retry
Time Out, and the Hop Table settings.
A quick method of identifying a Master is to power the transceiver. Prior to
establishing a communication link with a Slave, all three of the Master’s LEDs
will be solid red.
Point-to-Point
Slave (1)
This mode designates the transceiver as a Slave in Point-to-Point mode. The
Slave communicates with any Master in its Call Book.
When functioning as a Slave, the Entry to Call feature in the transceiver’s Call
Book is not operational. The Call Book may be bypassed in the Slave by setting
Slave Security to 1. See the Slave Security section later in this manual.
Point–toMultiPoint
Master (2)
This mode designates the transceiver as a Master in MultiPoint mode. This
mode allows one Master transceiver to simultaneously be in communication with
numerous Slaves.
A Point-to-MultiPoint Master communicates only with other transceivers
designated as Point-to-MultiPoint Slaves.
Point-toMultiPoint
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This mode designates the transceiver as a Slave in MultiPoint mode. This mode
allows the Slave to communicate with a MultiPoint Master. The Slave may
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LRS400S Data Transceiver Users Manual
Slave (3)
communicate with its Master.
Point-to-Point
Repeater (5)
FreeWave allows the use of one repeater in a Point-to-Point communications
link, significantly extending the operating range. When designated as a
Repeater, a transceiver behaves as a pass-through link. All settings for the call
book, baud rates and radio transmission characteristics are disabled. A Repeater
will connect with any Master that calls it. The Repeater must be set up properly
in the Master's call book.
Point-to-Point
Slave/Master
Switchable (6)
Mode 6 allows the transceiver to be controlled entirely through software
commands. A number of key parameters in FreeWave's user interface may be
changed either directly with a program such as Windows Terminal or through the
use of script files. Additionally, when the Point-to-Point Slave/Master Switchable
option is selected and the transceiver is not calling a Slave, it will function as a
Slave and accept any appropriate calls from other transceivers.
Point-toMultiPoint
Repeater (7)
This option allows the transceiver to operate as a Repeater in a MultiPoint
network. See the MultiPoint parameters section for details on enabling
MultiPoint Slave/Repeater mode.
Note: The use of repeaters in Point to Multipoint Networks is restricted to one
repeater per network.
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Baud Rate
This setting is the communication rate between the transceiver and the instrument to which it is
connected. It is important to note that this is independent of the baud rate for the other transceiver(s) in
the network. For example, a pair of transceivers may be used in an application to send data from remote
process instrumentation to an engineer's computer. In this application, the baud rate for the transceiver
on the instrumentation might be set to 9600, and the transceiver on the engineer’s computer might be set
to 57,600.
Set Baud Rate
1. Select the appropriate baud rate to match the attached device.
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LRS400S Data Transceiver Users Manual
Baud Rate
Description
Actual Baud Rate
(selections 0-9)
The actual baud rate for the transceiver’s data port.
Data, Parity
There are six data word length and parity configurations available to be used with
FreeWave transceivers. The default setting is 0 (8, N, 1) and is the most commonly
used serial communications protocol. Select the appropriate option to
communicate with the end device.
It is desirable to set the baud rate to the highest level supported by the device to
which it is connected. In certain circumstances, however, this may actually result
in slower data communications.
Data Bits
Modbus RTU
Parity
None
Even
Odd
None
Even
Odd
Stop Bits
Support for Modbus RTU protocol is available. The default setting for Modbus
RTU is 0 (Not Enabled).
To enable Modbus capability, set Modbus RTU to 1.
Note: When using the transceiver in Modbus RTU mode, the Master Packet
Repeat must be set the same in all radios whether the network is in Point-to-Point or
MultiPoint mode. The Modbus RTU mode must be selected when transceivers are
configured in RS485 or RS422 mode.
Serial Interface
In products for which the protocol of the data port is software selectable, use this
menu to set the protocol of the data port. In the TTL RF board product this setting
must be "0".
Protocol
Additional Information
RS232
Also used for TTL transceivers.
RS422
Modbus RTU mode must be enabled. See above.
RS485
Modbus RTU mode must be enabled. See above.
DOT
Special for the Department of Transportation.
Note: When DOT mode is enabled, the TimeDelay settings operate the same as
in the RS485/422 mode.
Note: RS4xx mode must have Modbus RTU enabled, and TurnoffDelay set to at
least 4.
Setup Port
Note: DO NOT change this setting unless the correct programming cable is
available for the new setting.
This setting determines which port, Main or Diagnostics, is used to enter the Setup
Main Menu.
Port
Additional Information
Main Only
The terminal is connected to the Main Data Port.
Diagnostics Only The terminal is connected to the Diagnostic Port.
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LRS400S Data Transceiver Users Manual
Both Ports
The terminal may be connected to either port.
Setup mode is invoked by sending a "U" (capital) to the Diagnostics port or by
pressing/toggling the Set-up button/switch, if available. OEM boards may also
enter Setup when Pin 2 is grounded.
The Main Data Port is the RS232 port. The OEM modules use a 2-row, 2 mm
female connector. The diagnostic cable for this port (ASC2009DC) is available from
FreeWave.
TurnOn/OffDelay
TurnOnDelay- Sets the delay between when the line drivers are turned on and
when the data leaves the data port. This setting can be adjusted for a 1-9 mS
delay.
TurnOffDelay- This setting specifies the time after the end of transmission of a
character to the RS485 bus that the transceiver stops driving the bus and releases
the bus to other devices. The units are ¼ of a character with a range of 0-9. An
entry of 4 means a delay equivalent to the duration of a full character. Default is
zero delay.
For data rates of 1200 bits/S or slower, avoid setting the TurnoffDelay parameter
higher than 4. At those rates the functionality of the microprocessor changes so
that a TurnoffDelay of 5 will have the same effect as if set to 1, and a setting of 6
will have the same effect as 2, and so on.
Note: TurnOffDelay must be set to a value of at least 4 for RS4xx operation.
FlowControl
This menu specifies the hardware flow control for the Data port. The options for 0-3
are described below.
Port
Additional Information
None
Default - Uses software control (XON XOFF)
RTS
DTR
DOT
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Call Book
The Call Book is required to be used in Point-to-Point networks. The instructions provided in this section
are for Point-to-Point mode only.
Using the Call Book offers both security and flexibility in determining how FreeWave transceivers
communicate with each other.
Three settings must be made for two FreeWave transceivers to communicate in Point-to-Point mode:
1. The Master’s serial number must be listed in the Slave's Call Book or Slave Security is turned off
in the Slave.
2.
The Slave’s serial number must be listed in the Master's Call Book.
3.
The Master must be programmed to call the Slave.
The Call Book allows users to incorporate up to 10 FreeWave transceivers, and designate which Slave the
Master will call. To set the Entry to Call option, select the appropriate option in the drop down.
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LRS400S Data Transceiver Users Manual
Radio Transmission Characteristics
The Edit Radio Transmission Characteristics option allows the user to modify several different parameters
in the transceiver. Many of these parameters must be maintained throughout the network for proper
functionality.
Note:
This menu is only for the sophisticated user who has a good understanding of the principles of
radio data transmission.
The settings for the Slave(s) not determined by the Master are RF Xmit Power, Slave Security, Retry
Time Out and Hop Table Size, Hop Table Version, and Hop Table Offset.
Note: Above image from LRS455. Configuration will be the same.
Edit Radio Transmission Characteristics
SETTING XMIT AND RCV FREQUENCIES
The 400MHz Data Transceiver has the option to operate in a Frequency Division Duplex mode by
transmitting on one frequency and receiving on another.
The LRS400S transceivers must be programmed to operate on the appropriate frequency. To program
the transceiver for single channel operation, enter the frequency, in Megahertz, into the TX and RX
Frequency slots.
If the transceivers are to operate in Frequency Division Duplex, the TX and RX Frequency slots will have
different frequencies assigned.
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(1) AND (2) MAX PACKET SIZE AND MIN PACKET SIZE
The Max and Min Packet Size settings and the RF Data Rate determine the number of bytes in the
packets. Throughput can be enhanced when packet sizes are optimized.
The following 3 tables provide the information to determine optimum setting values.
Minimum Packet Size Definition
Min Setting
Min Packet Size
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
Maximum Packet Size (2 level FSK)
Max Setting
Max Packet Size
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
135
135
135
Maximum Packet Size (4 level FSK)
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Max Setting
Max Packet Size
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
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LRS400S Data Transceiver Users Manual
(3) XMIT RATE
FreeWave transceivers utilize a Master Transmit Beacon to provide low current consumption in the slave
radios. The slave radios will turn their receiver off when no data is being passed.
The Xmit Rate setting allows the duty cycle of the Master Transmit Beacon to be changed. A setting of 0
is the highest duty cycle and a setting of 9 is the lowest duty cycle.
(4) RF DATA RATE
FreeWave transceivers have five settings for the RF Data Rate (1, 2, 3, 4, 5 ). RF Data Rate should not
be confused with the serial port Baud Rate.
Setting 2 should be used when the transceivers are close together and data throughput needs to be
optimized. Setting 3 should be used when the transceivers are farther away and a solid data link is
preferred over data throughput.
Note:
In MultiPoint networks, the RF Data Rate must be set identically in all transceivers. Any
transceiver with an RF Data Rate different from the Master will not establish a link.
In Point to Point networks the Master’s settings take precedence over the Slave.
RF Data Rate Setting
Occupied Bandwidth
Modulation Level
50kHz
2-level GFSK
25kHz
4-level GFSK
25kHz
2-level GFSK
12.5kHz
4-level GFSK
12.5kHz
2-level GFSK
(5)RF XMIT POWER
The RF Xmit Power parameter allows the user to control the output transmit power up to two watts
(+33dBm).
Note: For use in applications requiring greater than 70% transmit duty cycle, the LRS400S series of
radios must be attached to an appropriate heat sync.
The following table shows RF TX output versus the RF Xmit Power setting.
RF Xmit
Power
RF TX
Power
(dBm)
RF Xmit
Power
RF TX
Power
(dBm)
RF Xmit
Power
RF TX
Power
(dBm)
RF Xmit
Power
RF TX
Power
(dBm)
10
+33
+30
+27
+24
+32
+29
+26
+23
+31
+28
+25
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(6) SLAVE SECURITY
Slave security is a feature which allows Slave transceivers to accept transmissions from a Master not
included in the Call Book. The default setting is 0 (Slave Security enabled) which means, only Masters in
the Slaves’ Call Book may link to that Slave.
Slave Security may be disabled (setting of 1) allowing any Master to call the Slave. Slave Security has no
effect in Point-to-MultiPoint networks where the Network ID is not set to 255.
Slave Security must be set to 1 when the unit is operating in Mode 6 Slave/Master switchable or a Pointto-Point network where the Slave may need to accept calls from more than 10 different Masters. When
Slave Security is set to 1, the transceiver will accept calls from any other FreeWave transceiver.
Additional network security measures may be taken to prevent unauthorized access, such as changing
default settings for FreqKey, Hop Table or Frequency Zones.
(7) RTS TO CTS
Menu selection RTS to CTS in the Radio Parameters menu provides the option of allowing the RTS line
on the Master transceiver to control the CTS line of the Slave. This pass-through control can be enabled
in both Point-to-Point and Point-to-MultiPoint. In MultiPoint networks, the Master RTS line will control all
Slaves’ CTS lines. When enabled, the CTS line ceases to function as flow control. It is not recommended
to enable this feature when operating at RS-232 speeds above 38.4kB.
The default setting of 0 disables this function, where as a setting of 1 enables RTS-CTS control.
RTS-CTS setting 2 is described in detail in the application note #5437 DTR to CTS Line Alarm Feature.
With an RTS to CTS setting of 1, the Master senses the RTS line prior to all scheduled packet
transmissions. If the state has changed, the Master will then transmit a message to the Slave with the
new status. This transmission will occur regardless of data being sent. If data is ready to be sent, the
RTS status message will be sent in addition to the data. In Point-to-Point mode, the Master will continue
sending the new status message until it receives an acknowledgment from the Slave. In MultiPoint mode,
the Master will repeat the message the number of times equal to the Master Packet Repeat value in the
MultiPoint Parameters menu.
Master transmit times are completely asynchronous to the occurrence of any change of the RTS line; the
latency time from RTS to CTS is variable. The Max and Min Packet Size parameters in the Radio
Parameter menu determine this duration. Setting both parameters to their maximum value of 9 will
produce a maximum latency time of approximately 21 ms. At the minimum settings for Max and Min
Packet Size (0), the time will be approximately 5.9 ms. Please note that this latency can increase
significantly if packets are lost between the Master and Slave. In Point-to-MultiPoint mode, there is no
absolute guarantee that the state change will be communicated to all Slaves in the unlikely event that all
repeated packets from the Master do not get through to all Slaves.
Note:
If DTRConnect is enabled and set to 2, the RTS to CTS feature will not work.
Note:
If the DTRConnect is enabled and set to 1, RTS to CTS mode takes precedence over the
functionality of the CTS line on the Slave relating to the DTRConnect feature.
Note:
The RTS to CTS option is only available in RS232 mode.
(8) RETRY TIME OUT
The Retry Time Out parameter in a Slave sets the delay the unit will wait before dropping the connection
to a Master in MultiPoint mode. The factory default is set at the maximum of 255. The maximum setting
means that if 1 packet in 255 is sent successfully from the Master to the Slave, the link will be maintained.
The minimum setting is 8. This allows a Slave to drop a connection if less than 1 in 8 consecutive packets
is successfully received from the Master.
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On the other hand, the function in the Master is effectively the same. With a setting of 255, the Master
will allow a Slave to stay connected as long as 1 packet in 255 is successfully received at the Master.
The Retry Time Out parameter is useful when a MultiPoint network has a roving Master or Slave(s). As
the link gets weaker, a lower setting will allow a poor link to break in search of a stronger one.
Note:
Setting Retry Time Out to 20 is recommended in areas where several FreeWave networks exist.
This setting will allow Slaves to drop the connection if the link becomes too weak, while at the
same time prevent errant disconnects due to interference from neighboring networks.
While intended primarily for MultiPoint networks, the Retry Time Out parameter may also be modified in
Point-to-Point networks. However, the value in Point-to-Point mode should not be set to less than 151.
(9) LOWPOWER MODE
The Lowpower Mode feature allows a MultiPoint Slave to consume less power. When set to 2 through 31,
the transceiver will sleep between slots. For example, at a setting of 2 the transceiver sleeps 1 out of 2
slots; at a setting of 3 the transceiver sleeps 2 out of 3 slots, and so on.
The following table shows the changes at different Lowpower Mode settings. The actual current draw
depends on many factors. The table below gives only a qualitative indication of supply current savings. A
low number reduces latency and a high number reduces current consumption.
Setting
Description
Lowpower, disabled
LEDs dimmed, transceiver remains awake, transceiver is listening to the
Master’s transmissions on every slot, and transceiver’s data port is shut
down if the RTS line is deasserted (low). In this case, the transceiver
needs to be awakened before it will be able to send data to the Master.
LEDs dimmed, transceiver sleeps every other slot
LEDs dimmed, transceiver sleeps 2 of 3 slots
4-31
LEDs dimmed, transceiver sleeps the number of slots corresponding to
the setting. For example, with a setting of 31 the transceiver sleeps 30 of
31 slots.
Current Draw
More
Less
IMPORTANT NOTES
1.
Lowpower Mode is used only in MultiPoint Slaves using serial protocol. Power savings occur only
when the Slave is linked. There are no power savings when the Slave is transmitting data.
Lowpower Mode is of little value when a Slave has a constant, high throughput. MCUSpeed must
be set to ‘0’ and RF Data Rate must be set to ‘3’ for Lowpower Mode to operate properly.
2.
To communicate to an RS232 port of a transceiver that is in Lowpower Mode, the RTS line must
be held high to wake it up. The transceiver will wake up within approximately 20 milliseconds of
when RTS goes high.
3.
If the RTS line on the Slave is held high, the transceiver will remain in normal operation
regardless of the Lowpower Mode setting. Once RTS is dropped the transceiver reverts to the
Lowpower Mode.
If the transceiver has the DTRConnect option set to 1 or 2 and if the Lowpower Mode enabled (set to 131), the RTS line on the transceiver must be asserted for the ‘DTRConnect’ feature to operate properly.
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(C) REMOTE LED
This setting enables the user to connect Remote LED’s through the diagnostics port.
Setting
Description
Notes
Board LED’s
Default. Only on board LEDs are enabled.
Board and Remote LED’s
Onboard LED’s are enabled as well as
Remote LED’s through the Diagnostic port.
On board LED’s are disabled. Remote LED’s
are enabled through the Diagnostic port.
Note: When using Remote LED’s the center (TX) LED will not turn Green when in Setup mode. This line
is not pinned out.
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MultiPoint Parameters
When installing MultiPoint networks it is important to do some up front planning. Unlike Point-to-Point
networks, a Point-to-MultiPoint network requires several parameters are set consistently on all
transceivers in the network. This includes RF data rate and Min and Max Packet Size.
Note:
If several independent MultiPoint networks are to be located in close proximity the planning
becomes more critical. In such cases, it becomes very important to include as much frequency
and time diversity as possible through use of different Min and Max Packet Size. In some
instances the use of the MultiMaster Sync option may be required.
Edit MultiPoint Parameters
(0) REPEATERS
The Repeaters selection must be set to On if a repeater is to be used in the network. However, if the
network will not utilize a repeater, FreeWave recommends setting Repeaters to Off to provide higher
throughput.
(1) MASTER PACKET REPEAT
In a Point-to-MultiPoint network, Slaves do not acknowledge transmissions from the Master. If Slaves did
acknowledge all data transmissions, in a large network, the Master would soon become overwhelmed
with acknowledgments from the Slaves. Without acknowledgements, 100% confidence every Slave has
received every packet cannot be met. To address this issue, the user may modify the Master Packet
Repeat setting, assigning a value between 0 (the packet is transmitted once) to 9 (the packet is
transmitted 10 times). For networks with solid RF links, this parameter should be set to a low value such
as 0 or 1. If a network has some weak or marginal links it should be set with higher values. If a Slave
receives a good packet from a Master more than once it will discard the repeated packets
Increasing the Master Packet Repeat setting will increase the probability of a packet getting through, but
will also increase latency in the network because each packet from the Master is being sent multiple
times. Therefore, it is important to find the optimal mix between network robustness, throughput, and
latency. In general, a setting of 0 to 1 will work well for most well designed licensed band networks.
Note:
The Master Packet Repeat may be set to 0 if the user software is capable of, or requires
acknowledgment. In this case if a packet sent by the Master and not received by the Slave, the
user software will control the retries as needed.
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(2) MAX SLAVE RETRY
The Max Slave Retry setting defines how many times (0 to 9) the Slave will attempt to retransmit a packet
to the Master before beginning to use a back-off algorithm (defined by the Retry Odds setting). Slave
retries will stop when an acknowledgement is received from the Master.
(3) RETRY ODDS
While packets transmitted from the Master to the Slaves in a MultiPoint network are not acknowledged,
packets transmitted from Slaves to the Master are. It is possible, that more than one Slave will attempt to
transmit to the Master at the same time. Therefore, it is important that a protocol exists to resolve
contention for the Master between Slaves. This is addressed through parameters (2) Max Slave Retry
and (3) Retry Odds. Once the Slave has unsuccessfully attempted to transmit the packet the number of
times specified in Max Slave Retry, it will attempt to transmit to the Master on a random basis. The Retry
Odds parameter determines the probability that the Slave will attempt to retransmit the packet to the
Master; a low setting will assign low odds to the Slave attempting to transmit. Conversely, a high setting
will assign higher odds. An example of how this parameter might be used would be when considering two
different Slaves in a MultiPoint network, one with a strong RF link and the other with a weak RF link to the
Master. It may be desirable to assign higher Retry Odds to the Slave with the weaker link to give it a
better chance of competing with the closer Slave(s) for the Master's attention.
When Retry Odds = 0, after the Slave has exhausted the number of retries set in the Max Slave Retry
parameter and still not gained the Master’s attention, the Slave’s data buffer will be purged.
(4) DTR CONNECT
With the setting of 0 in the Slave, the transceiver will transmit when RS232 data is received. A setting of
1 will form a Point-to-Point link with the Master when the DTR line is high. With a setting of 2, the
transceiver will transmit in bursts. This mode is valuable when a network has many low data rate devices
and it is desirable to increase overall network capacity.
Note:
If ‘DTRConnect’ is set to 1 and the ‘RTS to CTS’ function is enabled on the radio, then ‘RTS to
CTS’ takes precedence over ‘DTRConnect’.
Note:
If ‘DTRConnect’ is set to ‘2’ and ‘RTS to CTS’ is enabled, then ‘RTS to CTS’ is ignored. The
transceiver has two separate transmit and receive user data buffers. These buffers are 2 Kbytes
each. In case of a buffer overflow, the transceiver will output unpredictable data.
(6) NETWORK ID
Network ID allows MultiPoint networks to be established without using the Call Book. The default setting
of 255 enables the Call Book. To enable Network ID the value must be set between 0 and 4095
(excluding 255). Since Network ID does not use serial numbers, MultiPoint Masters may be replaced
without reprogramming all of the Slaves in the network. Slaves will link with the first Master that it hears
that has a matching Network ID. The Network ID function should be used in conjunction with the Subnet
ID feature (If necessary).
Without having the serial numbers in the Call Book, a Slave may establish communications with different
Masters, though not at the same time. This is very useful in mobile MultiPoint applications.
(8) MULTIMASTER SYNC
MultiMaster Sync is reserved for applications, in both Point-to-Point and MultiPoint modes, with
concentrations of Master units where it is necessary to reduce interference between the Masters. Please
contact FreeWave Technologies for more information.
(9) 1 PPS ENABLE/DELAY
The 1 PPS Enable/Delay option allows the radio network to propagate a 1PPS signal from the Master to
all Slaves in a MultiPoint network. When this parameter is enabled a properly generated pulse applied on
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the DTR line of the Master will provide a 1 PPS pulse on the CD line of any Slave in the network. To use
the 1 PPS Enable/Delay feature the steps outlined below must be followed:
1PPS Enable/Delay Setup:
1.
The 1 PPS Enable/Delay parameter must be set to 0 in the Master.
2.
The Master must have a 1 PPS pulse on the DTR pin.
3.
The 1 PPS Enable/Delay parameter on the Slaves must be enabled. Slaves are calibrated at the
factory.
Calibrating a Slave in 1PPS Enable/Delay mode
1. Trigger an oscilloscope on the 1 PPS pulse on the DTR line of the Master.
2. Monitor the CD line of the Slave.
3. If the timing on the Slave differs from the Master it may be adjusted via the value in the Slave's 1
PPS Enable/Delay parameter. The difference in time between each incremental integer value is
542.534nS. Changing the parameter to higher values decreases the Slave time delay and
changing the parameter to lower values increases the time delay.
When properly calibrated the CD line of a Slave radio will output a pulse that goes high for about 2mS in
sync with the 1 PPS pulse on the Master radio. The output on the Slave will occur within 20
microseconds of the input to the Master.
Note:
When 1 PPS is enabled, the Master must have a 1 PPS pulse on its DTR pin, otherwise the RF
network will not function.
(A) SLAVE/REPEATER
Normally a repeater does not have the ability to provide data on the data port. When this capability is
necessary Slave/Repeater should be set to On. When using Slave/Repeater, the baud rate and
communication protocol must match the end device.
(B) DIAGNOSTICS
This option provides diagnostics data to be viewed at the Master in parallel with application data. The
diagnostic program MUST be run from the Master transceiver. Diagnostics requires the following:
1.
Diagnostics set to (1 to 128) in the Master.
2.
A second computer or serial connection to run the diagnostics software.
3.
A diagnostics cable. (Available from FreeWave Technologies.)
4.
Diagnostics software. (Available on the User Manual and System Tools CD.)
For more information on Diagnostics, please contact FreeWave Technical Support at (303) 381-9200.
(C) SUBNET ID
The Subnet ID function only works in MultiPoint Networks utilizing the Network ID option. In a MultiPoint
Network, a Slave or Repeater will connect with the first Repeater or Master that it hears with the same
Network ID. However, where communications need to be forced to follow a specific path the Subnet ID is
quite useful. Subnet ID is particularly helpful to force two Repeaters in the same network to operate in series
rather than in parallel, or if desired, to force Slaves to communicate to a specific Repeater for load balancing
purposes. Two components exist with regard to the Subnet ID:
1.
Rcv Subnet ID. This setting identifies which transceiver a Repeater or Slave will listen to.
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2.
Xmit Subnet ID. This setting identifies the ID on which this device transmits, and in turn which
devices will listen to it. The Xmit Subnet ID parameter is relevant for MultiPoint Repeaters only.
The default (disable) setting for both Rcv and Xmit is F.
Notes: A Master will always transmit and receive on 0. Changing these settings on the Master is not
recommended, under normal circumstances.
In some MultiPoint Networks, the FreqKey will be at the same setting for all transceivers. In other
networks, where parallel Repeaters are introduced, the FreqKey value will need to change. See
FreqKey and Repeater Frequency sections earlier in this manual for more information.
If both Rcv Subnet ID and Xmit Subnet ID are set to 0 the Subnet ID will show Roaming in the
menu. This setting will allow a mobile Slave to roam from subnet to subnet and possibly from
network to network.
This drawing depicts a Network in which Subnet IDs are used to force communications. In this example,
Repeater1 must talk directly to the Master; Repeater2 must talk directly to Repeater1. Slaves 1, 2, and 3
are forced along the direction of the solid lines. Slave4 may link to the first Master or Repeater it hears.
The respective Subnet ID diagram and settings are shown below.
(D) RADIO ID
Option (D) allows a transceiver to be designated with an arbitrary, user selectable, 4 digit number which
identifies the transceiver in diagnostics mode.
(E) LOCAL ACCESS
Local Access is not to be used at this time.
(G) RADIO NAME
Option (G) allows the user to set a unique 20 character Radio name.
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Radio Information
Radio Statistics in the Main Menu allows the user to view data transmission statistics gathered by the
transceiver during the most recent session. This is valuable when the user needs to know the signal
strength and noise levels of the link. Statistics are gathered during each data link and are reset when the
next link begins. See display below.
NUMBER OF DISCONNECTS
Any time the link between the Master and the Slave is broken and the radios lose Carrier Detect, it is
recorded in the Number of Disconnects value. The value indicates the total number of disconnects that
have occurred from the time the transceiver is powered on until the radio is put into Setup mode. Under
ideal operating conditions, the number of disconnects should be 0. One or more disconnects may indicate
a weak link, the presence of severe interference problems or loss of power to any of the radios in the link.
ANTENNA REFLECTED POWER
This is a measurement of the transmitted power that is reflected back into the transceiver from
mismatched antennas or cables, or loose connections between the transceiver and antenna. A reading
of 0-5 is good; 5-30 is acceptable; 30+ indicates that the connections should be inspected for loose
connections and cable quality.
AVERAGE NOISE LEVEL
The average noise level indicates the level of background noise and interference at this transceiver. The
number is an average of the noise levels measured at each frequency in the transceiver’s frequency hop
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table. The individual measurement values at each frequency hop channel are shown in the frequency
table. Pressing the Enter key when the Radio Statistics menu is displayed, accesses the frequency table.
Ideally, noise levels should be below -120 dBm units and the difference between the average signal level
and average noise level should be 26 dB or more. Noise levels significantly higher than this are an
indication of a high level of interference that may degrade the performance of the link. High noise levels
can often be mitigated with band pass filters, antenna placement or antenna polarization.
AVERAGE SIGNAL LEVEL
The average signal level indicates the level of received signal at this transceiver. For each of these, the
signal source is the transceiver that transmits to it. The number is an average of the received signal levels
measured at each frequency in the transceiver's frequency hop table. The individual measurement values
at each frequency hop channel are shown in the frequency table. Pressing the Enter key when the Radio
Statistics menu is displayed accesses the frequency table. For a reliable link, the margin should be at
least 26 dB. Low Average Signal Levels can often be corrected with higher gain antennas and better
antenna placement.
Note:
Please consult the install manual for antenna and FCC requirements.
OVERALL RCV RATE (%)
The Overall Receive Rate measures the percentage of data packets that were successfully transmitted
from the Master to the Slave on the first attempt. A number of 75 or higher indicates a robust link that will
provide very good performance even at high data transmission rates. A number of 15 or lower indicates a
weak or marginal link that will provide lower data throughput.
RADIO TEMPERATURE
The Radio Temperature value is the current operating temperature of the transceiver in degrees Celsius.
For proper operation, a FreeWave transceiver must be in the temperature range of -30° to +60° C.
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Factory Default Settings
FreeWave 415MHz transceivers are shipped from the factory with the following Default Settings:
Operation Mode
Default
MultiPoint Parameters
Point to Point Slave
(1) MASTER PACKET REPEAT 0
Set Baud Rate
Default
(2) MAX SLAVE RETRY
Baud Rate
19200
(3) RETRY ODDS
(A) Data Parity
(4) DTR CONNECT
(B) Modbus RTU
(6) NETWORK ID
255
(C) RS232/485
(7) RESERVED
(D) Setup Port
(8) MULTI MASTER SYNC
(E) TurnOffDelay/OnDelay
0/0
(9) 1 PPS ENABLE DELAY
255
(F) Flow Control
(B) DIAGNOSTICS
Radio Parameters
Default
(D) RADIO ID
Not Set
(1) MAX PACKET SIZE
(2) MIN PACKET SIZE
(3) XMT RATE
(4) RF DATA RATE
(5) RF XMT POWER
10
(6) SLAVE SECURITY
(7) RTS TO CTS
(8) RETRY TIMEOUT
255
(9) LOW POWER MODE
(A) High Noise
(B) MCU Speed
(C) Remote LED
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Additional Transceiver information
This section contains additional important information about FreeWave transceivers. The following topics
are included in this section:
ƒ
Operational RS422 and RS-485 Information
ƒ
RS232 Pin Assignments
ƒ
OEM Board Pin Assignments
Operational RS-422 and RS-485 Information
For both RS-422 and RS-485, the FreeWave transceiver can drive 32 standard unit loads and loads the
bus with only 1/8 unit load. This means the user can tie up to 256 devices on the bus if all of the line
receivers have 1/8 unit load.
RS-422 is used for 4-wire or full duplex communication with one Master and multiple Slaves. The
FreeWave Master transceiver keeps the line driver asserted at all times. The maximum line length is
4,000 feet using 2, 120 ohm twisted pair cables with a 5th wire for data common.
RS-485 full duplex using 4 wire plus common is the same as RS-422, except the system can have
multiple Masters on the bus.
The most common operation of RS-485 is a two-wire comprised of a 120 ohm impedance single twisted
pair. In this system the loading of the FreeWave transceiver is as described above which allows up to 256
1/8 unit load units on the bus. Maximum line length is also 4,000 feet with a third wire required for data
common. The FreeWave transceiver will check the line to be certain no other device is transmitting before
enabling the line driver for data transmission.
When setting the transceiver to RS-485, enable Modbus and set Master Packet Repeat to 3 in the
transceiver(s) that will use RS-485. Also set TurnOff Delay to 4.
The TurnOffDelay setting in the menu is used to control the length of time the transmitter driver stays
asserted after data transmission has finished. This is needed to allow the last transmitted character to
reach the end of a long line and is normally set to one character length of time. This setting also allows 3
complete reflections to the end of the line to ensure the ringing on the line has fully dampened before
releasing the bus to another device. Shorter line lengths may use shorter delays, but four one-quartercharacter delay times are recommended. In Modbus, a TurnOffDelay setting of 0 will cause internal timing
errors.
There is no provision for hand shaking in any of the above modes of operation, so data rates of 57.6
KBaud and above are not recommended without a protocol that can handle error detection properly.
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RS-422 AND RS-485 FULL DUPLEX PIN-OUTS
Function
RX+
RXTX+
TXSignal Ground
Bare Board Pin Number
10
4 or 6
DE-9 Pin Number
Bare Board Pin Number
Short 5 and 7
Short 9 and 10
4 or 6
DE-9 Pin Number
Short 2 and 3
Short 7 and 8
RS-485 HALF DUPLEX PIN-OUTS
Function
Wire to both pins for Bus +
Wire to both pins for Bus Signal Ground
RS232 Pin Assignments
Pin
Assignment
Signal
Definition
CD
Carrier Detect
Output
Used to show an RF connection between transceivers.
TX
Transmit Data
Output
Used to transmit data bits serially from the transceivers to the
system device.
RX
Receive Data
Input
Used to receive data bits serially from the system device
connected to the transceivers.
DTR
Data Terminal Ready
Input
Used only in transceivers in Point-to-Point Slave/Master
switchable mode or for DTR Connect.
GND
Ground
DSR
Data Set Ready
Signal return for all signal lines shared with Pin 9.
Output
Always high when the radio is powered from the 2.5mm
power connector. Indicated power is on to the radio. Also,
this pin can be used for +12Volts when powering the
transceivers directly through the RS-232 port.
Note: This is not used on the OEM module.
RTS
Request to Send
Input
The transceiver does not recognize RTS for flow control. RTS
is used as a control line in RTS/CTS mode.
CTS
Clear to Send
Output
This signal is used to tell the system device connected to the
transceiver that the transceiver is ready to receive data.
When asserted, the transceiver will accept data, when
deasserted the transceiver will not accept data. This should
always be used for data rates above 38.4KB or there will be a
risk of lost data if an RF link is not very robust.
GND
Ground
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RF Board Pinout
The LRS400S series transceivers are available in both TTL and RS232 versions.
The TTL versions use reverse polarity from standard RS-232 at 0 to 5 Volt levels. All pin descriptions and
pin numbering are the same as the RS232 version. The RS232 versions use standard RS232 polarity and
voltage levels for all of the RS232 signal lines (DTR, Transmit Data, Receive Data, Carrier Detect, RTS,
and Clear to Send) and TTL standard polarity and voltage level for the Interrupt pin.
Pin 1: B+ Power input.
Pin 2: Interrupt (INT) – Input – A 0 volt level on this pin will switch the radio into Setup mode.
Pin
Assignment
Color on ACS3610xx cable
B+ input
Red
Interrupt (temporarily ground to invoke menu)
Brown
Data Terminal Ready (DTR)
Orange
Ground
Black
Transmit Data (TXD)
Yellow
Ground
Black
Receive Data (RXD)
Green
Carrier Detect (DCD)
Blue
Request to Send (RTS)
Violet (purple)
10
Clear to Send (CTS)
Gray
Note:
Pin 1 on the board level transceiver is the pin farthest from the three LEDs and pin 10 is closest
to the LEDs.
FreeWave Technical Support
For up-to-date troubleshooting information check the Support page at www.FreeWave.com.
FreeWave provides Technical Support, Monday through Friday, 8:00 AM to 5:00 PM, Mountain Time
(GMT -7) Call us toll-free at 1-800-548-5616 or factory direct after hours at 303-381-9200 or email us
at moreinfo@FreeWave.com
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Frequency List
The LRS400S transceivers tune from 406.1MHz to 430MHz with a tuning resolution of 6.25KHz. This
gives a total of 3840 available channels. Using the license allowed frequency, the channel number can be
determined using the following formula.
Channel number = (FMHz - 390) / .00625
Note: This is an example list. If the required frequency is not listed use the FMHz
formula to obtain the appropriate channel number.
Channel
2576
2578
2580
2590
2600
2610
2620
2630
2640
2650
2660
2670
2680
2690
2700
2710
2720
2730
2740
2750
2760
2770
2780
2790
2800
2810
2820
2830
2840
2850
2860
2870
2880
2890
2900
Frequency
406.1000
406.1125
406.1250
406.1875
406.2500
406.3125
406.3750
406.4375
406.5000
406.5625
406.6250
406.6875
406.7500
406.8125
406.8750
406.9375
407.0000
407.0625
407.1250
407.1875
407.2500
407.3125
407.3750
407.4375
407.5000
407.5625
407.6250
407.6875
407.7500
407.8125
407.8750
407.9375
408.0000
408.0625
408.1250
LUM0025AA Rev A
Channel
2910
2920
2930
2940
2950
2960
2970
2980
2990
3000
3010
3020
3030
3040
3050
3060
3070
3080
3090
3100
3110
3120
3130
3140
3150
3160
3170
3180
3190
3200
3210
3220
3230
3240
3250
Frequency
408.1875
408.2500
408.3125
408.3750
408.4375
408.5000
408.5625
408.6250
408.6875
408.7500
408.8125
408.8750
408.9375
409.0000
409.0625
409.1250
409.1875
409.2500
409.3125
409.3750
409.4375
409.5000
409.5625
409.6250
409.6875
409.7500
409.8125
409.8750
409.9375
410.0000
410.0625
410.1250
410.1875
410.2500
410.3125
Version 1.0
Channel
3260
3270
3280
3290
3300
3310
3320
3330
3340
3350
3360
3370
3380
3390
3400
3410
3420
3430
3440
3450
3460
3470
3480
3490
3500
3510
3520
3530
3540
3550
3560
3570
3580
3590
3600
Frequency
410.3750
410.4375
410.5000
410.5625
410.6250
410.6875
410.7500
410.8125
410.8750
410.9375
411.0000
411.0625
411.1250
411.1875
411.2500
411.3125
411.3750
411.4375
411.5000
411.5625
411.6250
411.6875
411.7500
411.8125
411.8750
411.9375
412.0000
412.0625
412.1250
412.1875
412.2500
412.3125
412.3750
412.4375
412.5000
Channel
3610
3620
3630
3640
3650
3660
3670
3680
3690
3700
3710
3720
3730
3740
3750
3760
3770
3780
3790
3800
3810
3820
3830
3840
3850
3860
3870
3880
3890
3900
3910
3920
3930
3940
3950
Frequency
412.5625
412.6250
412.6875
412.7500
412.8125
412.8750
412.9375
413.0000
413.0625
413.1250
413.1875
413.2500
413.3125
413.3750
413.4375
413.5000
413.5625
413.6250
413.6875
413.7500
413.8125
413.8750
413.9375
414.0000
414.0625
414.1250
414.1875
414.2500
414.3125
414.3750
414.4375
414.5000
414.5625
414.6250
414.6875
32
LRS400S Data Transceiver Users Manual
Channel
3960
3970
3980
3990
4000
4010
4020
4030
4040
4050
4060
4070
4080
4090
4100
4110
4120
4130
4140
4150
4160
4170
4180
4190
4200
4210
4220
4230
4240
4250
4260
4270
4280
4290
4300
4310
4320
4330
4340
4350
4360
4370
4380
4390
4400
4410
Frequency
414.7500
414.8125
414.8750
414.9375
415.0000
415.0625
415.1250
415.1875
415.2500
415.3125
415.3750
415.4375
415.5000
415.5625
415.6250
415.6875
415.7500
415.8125
415.8750
415.9375
416.0000
416.0625
416.1250
416.1875
416.2500
416.3125
416.3750
416.4375
416.5000
416.5625
416.6250
416.6875
416.7500
416.8125
416.8750
416.9375
417.0000
417.0625
417.1250
417.1875
417.2500
417.3125
417.3750
417.4375
417.5000
417.5625
LUM0025AA Rev A
Channel
4420
4430
4440
4450
4460
4470
4480
4490
4500
4510
4520
4530
4540
4550
4560
4570
4580
4590
4600
4610
4620
4630
4640
4650
4660
4670
4680
4690
4700
4710
4720
4730
4740
4750
4760
4770
4780
4790
4800
4810
4820
4830
4840
4850
4860
4870
Frequency
417.6250
417.6875
417.7500
417.8125
417.8750
417.9375
418.0000
418.0625
418.1250
418.1875
418.2500
418.3125
418.3750
418.4375
418.5000
418.5625
418.6250
418.6875
418.7500
418.8125
418.8750
418.9375
419.0000
419.0625
419.1250
419.1875
419.2500
419.3125
419.3750
419.4375
419.5000
419.5625
419.6250
419.6875
419.7500
419.8125
419.8750
419.9375
420.0000
420.0625
420.1250
420.1875
420.2500
420.3125
420.3750
420.4375
Version 1.0
Channel
4880
4890
4900
4910
4920
4930
4940
4950
4960
4970
4980
4990
5000
5010
5020
5030
5040
5050
5060
5070
5080
5090
5100
5110
5120
5130
5140
5150
5160
5170
5180
5190
5200
5210
5220
5230
5240
5250
5260
5270
5280
5290
5300
5310
5320
5330
Frequency
420.5000
420.5625
420.6250
420.6875
420.7500
420.8125
420.8750
420.9375
421.0000
421.0625
421.1250
421.1875
421.2500
421.3125
421.3750
421.4375
421.5000
421.5625
421.6250
421.6875
421.7500
421.8125
421.8750
421.9375
422.0000
422.0625
422.1250
422.1875
422.2500
422.3125
422.3750
422.4375
422.5000
422.5625
422.6250
422.6875
422.7500
422.8125
422.8750
422.9375
423.0000
423.0625
423.1250
423.1875
423.2500
423.3125
Channel
5340
5350
5360
5370
5380
5390
5400
5410
5420
5430
5440
5450
5460
5470
5480
5490
5500
5510
5520
5530
5540
5550
5560
5570
5580
5590
5600
5610
5620
5630
5640
5650
5660
5670
5680
5690
5700
5710
5720
5730
5740
5750
5760
5770
5780
5790
Frequency
423.3750
423.4375
423.5000
423.5625
423.6250
423.6875
423.7500
423.8125
423.8750
423.9375
424.0000
424.0625
424.1250
424.1875
424.2500
424.3125
424.3750
424.4375
424.5000
424.5625
424.6250
424.6875
424.7500
424.8125
424.8750
424.9375
425.0000
425.0625
425.1250
425.1875
425.2500
425.3125
425.3750
425.4375
425.5000
425.5625
425.6250
425.6875
425.7500
425.8125
425.8750
425.9375
426.0000
426.0625
426.1250
426.1875
33
LRS400S Data Transceiver Users Manual
Channel
5800
5810
5820
5830
5840
5850
5860
5870
5880
5890
5900
5910
5920
5930
5940
5950
Frequency
426.2500
426.3125
426.3750
426.4375
426.5000
426.5625
426.6250
426.6875
426.7500
426.8125
426.8750
426.9375
427.0000
427.0625
427.1250
427.1875
LUM0025AA Rev A
Channel
5960
5970
5980
5990
6000
6010
6020
6030
6040
6050
6060
6070
6080
6090
6100
6110
Frequency
427.2500
427.3125
427.3750
427.4375
427.5000
427.5625
427.6250
427.6875
427.7500
427.8125
427.8750
427.9375
428.0000
428.0625
428.1250
428.1875
Version 1.0
Channel
6120
6130
6140
6150
6160
6170
6180
6190
6200
6210
6220
6230
6240
6250
6260
6270
Frequency
428.2500
428.3125
428.3750
428.4375
428.5000
428.5625
428.6250
428.6875
428.7500
428.8125
428.8750
428.9375
429.0000
429.0625
429.1250
429.1875
Channel
6280
6290
6300
6310
6320
6330
6340
6350
6360
6370
6380
6390
6400
Frequency
429.2500
429.3125
429.3750
429.4375
429.5000
429.5625
429.6250
429.6875
429.7500
429.8125
429.8750
429.9375
430.0000
34

---

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