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Revision 1.31.4 Page 1 of 44

WDK Hardware Guide

July 23, 2004

Motorola XSUWBWDK Ultra Wideband Wireless

Developer Kit for High Data Rate Wireless

Applications

General Description

The Motorola XSUWBWDK Wireless

Developer Kit (WDK) is an 802.15.3

application development platform and an

ultra wide band technology evaluation tool.

This technology is an ideal solution for

media-rich applications requiring wireless

connectivity, a high data rate and low cost.

Each Wireless Developer Kit contains two

second generation Motorola UWB

communications transceivers, model

XSUWBWDK, antennas, power supplies,

and a Software Development Kit (SDK) that

together allow development of consumer

electronics applications. The SDK supports

configuration and control of Evaluation Kit

nodes via software APIs and IEEE 802.15.3

functionality. Additional transceivers can be

used to create a multi station pico-net

configuration.

Each Developer Kit transceiver contains

printed circuit cards mounted in a metal

enclosure. The Hardware Overview section

below summarizes the functionality of a

UWB transceiver.

Test and configuration utilities are supplied

which permit measurement under various

operating conditions of both the RF

performance of the UWB transceivers and

the integrity of transferred data. Statistics

reporting capability is built in to these

utilities; results are displayed on a PC

attached to each node. The SDK Utilities

Manual describes the utilities and

applications included with the WDK.

This manual contains instructions for

configuring the UWB radios. . Additionally,

this Wireless Developer Kit User Manual

contains detailed RF testing procedures.

These step-by-step instructions permit

determination of FCC compliance, receiver

sensitivity and immunity, signal penetration

and antenna separation sensitivity.

The model number for the Wireless

Developer Kit is XSUWBWDK.

Features

• 802.15.3 MAC Protocol

• Software Applications Programming

Interface

• Transfer of Media-Rich Streams via a

1394 Interface is Supported

• Test and Configuration Utilities

Streamline Radio Evaluation

• Bi-phase Encoding Supports Data Rates

to 114 Mbps

• Selectable Forward Error Correction

Values: 1, ¾, ½

• Selectable Data Rates Supported: 28.5,

57 and 114Mbps

• IEEE 1394 Physical Interface

Evaluation Kit Applications

• Development of 802.15.3 enabled multi

media applications

• Video Streaming Evaluation and

Demonstration

• Evaluation of Motorola’s UWB Chipset

Physical Layer Performance Antenna

Placement Evaluation

• End-To-End Performance and Data

Throughput Testing

Rev 1.31.4, June 2, 2004 Page 2 of 44

Revision Table

Rev Date Person Description

0.7 Aug 1, 2003 EHB Document redone to become combined SDK & transceiver User

Manual.

0.8 Aug 4, 2003 EHB Added DME, and video sender commands in sections 4.3.4 and 4.4.

4. Modified section 1.5, Linux Installation Procedures. Updated all

figures

0.9 Aug 15, 2003 EHB Corrected DME explanations. Removed DIP switch configuration.

0.9.2 Oct 5, 2003 EHB Corrected networking description. Added descriptions of recvfile,

sendchk, recvchk applications.

1.0 Oct 24, 2003 MSG Revised section describing SDK applications including sendfile,

recvfile, sendchk, recvchk, dme, stats, mode, config, etc.

1.1 Jan 30, 2004 MSG Placed descriptions of configuration and control utilities into

separate SDK Utilities Guide. Updated hardware description to

cover 1106- and 1116-based WEKs and added appropriate

diagrams. Added Motorola part numbers for WDK. Added to and

edited glossary and references sections.

1.2 Feb 5, 2004 MSG/EHB Changed XSI, XtremeSpectrum and associated terminology to

Motorola. Updated part numbers. Updated expected results in

sections Spectral Mask Compliance, Average Transmit Power, Peak

Envelope Power, and Video Transmission/Reception test sections.

Changed “FCC Non-Compliance Statement” section to “FCC

Compliance Statement” and updated the text.

1.3 June 2, 2004 MSG Updated firmware download description in section 3.1 to use

Quartus II Web edition. Corrected dme map_send_stream and

dme map_receive_stream syntax descriptions. Fixed usage of

mode and config commands (config works only in bridge mode)

in PHY evaluation procedures. Updated list of CE devices that work

with UWB Nodes. Corrected UWB chipset part numbers in Figure 3.

Assigned part number MC270141 to MAC FPGA. Suggested use of

a Motorola antenna in section 4.3 to assure FCC compliance. Added

ESIB to Table 3 and notes regarding frequency domain

measurements using the ESIB to section 5.4. Edited FCC

compliance statement. Added additional references to section 12.

Changed connector labels in Figure 1 & Figure 2 to reverse SMA,

1.4 July 23, 2004 MLS Corrected manual to comply with FCC written comments received

July 21, 2004. Section 4.3 was amended to allow use of only FCC

approved antennas with this product; confidential markings were

removed; the available software was re-verified to ensure device

may not operate any differently than what is approved (statement

also added in Section 8); a Declaration of Conformity (DOC) was

added to Section 8; complete calculation of the peak measurement

at the frequency of the highest emission (Fm, 4.1556 GHz) showing

all correction factors (antenna, distance ….) in the receiver for this

frequency was provided separately; and compliance with Section

15.517(a)5 was indicated in Section 4.1.

Rev 1.4, June 2, 2004, June 2, 2004 Page 3 of 44 Page 3

XtremeSpectrumTM and the XtremeSpectrum logo are trademarks of XtremeSpectrum, Inc.

Sony is either a registered trademark or trademark of Sony Corporation in the United States

and/or other countries. JVC is either a registered trademark or trademark of Victor Company of

Japan, Limited in the United States and/or other countries. nVIDIA® is a registered trademark

and Quadro is a trademark of nVIDIA Corporation. DirectX®, Microsoft® and Windows® are

either registered trademarks or trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or

other countries. Altera, ByteBlaster and MAX+PLUS are either trademarks or registered

trademarks of Altera Corporation.

Rev 1.4, June 2, 2004, June 2, 2004 Page 4 of 44 Page 4

Table of Contents

1. Overview .............................................................................................................................................. 7

1.1. Explanation of Model and Part Numbers ............................................................................... 7

1.2. Mechanical Layout ....................................................................................................................7

1.3. Applicability of This Manual....................................................................................................8

2. Installation and Setup ......................................................................................................................... 8

2.1. Items Supplied by Motorola .....................................................................................................8

2.2. User Supplied Items .................................................................................................................. 9

2.2.1. PC Attributes Used for PHY Testing Only......................................................................... 9

2.2.2. PC Attributes Used for Streaming Video Display .............................................................. 9

2.3. Hardware Setup Procedure .................................................................................................... 10

3. Configuring Evaluation Kit Hardware.............................................................................................10

3.1. Updating MC270141 Firmware .............................................................................................10

3.2. Updating Evaluation Kit EEPROMs..................................................................................... 11

3.2.1. 1394 Configuration EEPROM..........................................................................................12

3.2.2. MAC Serial Boot EEPROM ............................................................................................. 12

4. Evaluation Kit Hardware Description .............................................................................................. 12

4.1. MAC Subsystem Overview ..................................................................................................... 13

4.2. PHY Subsystem Overview ...................................................................................................... 14

4.3. The Motorola Antenna............................................................................................................14

4.4. Enclosure .................................................................................................................................. 15

5. PHY Evaluation Using the Wireless Developer Kit ......................................................................... 15

5.1. Summary List of Test Hardware and Software Required................................................... 15

5.2. Equipment Handling ............................................................................................................... 18

5.2.1. Attaching and Detaching SMA Connectors......................................................................18

5.2.2. Avoiding Equipment Damage Due to Electrostatic Discharge.........................................18

5.2.3. Attaching the Motorola Antenna to a Transceiver............................................................ 18

5.3. Guidelines for Running Tests ................................................................................................. 18

5.3.1. Order of Configuration and Test Command Execution.................................................... 18

5.3.2. Statistics Display on a PC Connected to a Transceiver .................................................... 19

5.4. Transmit Spectral Mask Compliance Test............................................................................ 19

5.5. Total Average Transmit Power Test...................................................................................... 23

5.6. Peak Envelope Power Test...................................................................................................... 24

5.7. Receiver Sensitivity and Scaled Ranged Versus Throughput Test ..................................... 25

5.8. Receiver Immunity Test..........................................................................................................33

5.9. Minimum Antenna Separation Test ......................................................................................36

Rev 1.4, June 2, 2004, June 2, 2004 Page 5 of 44 Page 5

5.10. Penetration Test....................................................................................................................... 38

5.11. Video Transmission and Reception........................................................................................ 38

6. Operating Conditions and Characteristics ....................................................................................... 40

6.1. AC Power Consumption ......................................................................................................... 40

6.2. Temperature Range and Humidity Conditions .................................................................... 40

6.3. IEEE 1394 Modes Supported ................................................................................................. 40

7. Support............................................................................................................................................... 41

8. FCC Compliance Statement/Declaration of Conformity................................................................. 41

9. License Agreement ............................................................................................................................ 42

10. Warranty Disclaimer..................................................................................................................... 42

11. Glossary ......................................................................................................................................... 42

12. References ..................................................................................................................................... 43

13. Appendix A – Sources for Leasing of Test Equipment................................................................ 44

Rev 1.4, June 2, 2004, June 2, 2004 Page 6 of 44 Page 6

List of Figures

Figure 1: Top Side Layout of UWB Transceiver Model Number XSUWBWDK ............................7

Figure 2: Bottom Side Layout of UWB Transceiver Model Number XSUWBWDK .......................8

Figure 3: Wireless Developer Kit Logical Block Diagram............................................................12

Figure 4: Antenna Gain Versus Frequency.................................................................................15

Figure 5: Equipment Setup for Transmit Spectral Mask Compliance Test .................................19

Figure 6: Equipment Setup for the Total Average Transmit Power Test.....................................23

Figure 7: Equipment Setup for the Peak Envelope Power Test..................................................24

Figure 8: Setup for the Receiver Sensitivity, Scaled Range Versus Throughput and Receiver

Immunity Tests....................................................................................................................26

Figure 9: Setup for Minimum Antenna Separation Test..............................................................37

Figure 10: Setup for Penetration Test.........................................................................................38

Figure 11: Setup for Video Transmission....................................................................................39

List of Tables

Table 1: Motorola Part Numbers for UWB Development Hardware..............................................7

Table 2: Summary of MC270141 Firmware Ugrade Files...........................................................11

Table 3: Summary List of Equipment for Motorola UWB RF Measurements..............................16

Table 4: Transmit Frequencies of Common Devices in the UWB Frequency Range .................36

Table 5: Consumer Electronics Devices that Operate with Motorola UWB Transceivers..........40

Table 6: Definitions for Terms, Abbreviations and Acronyms Used............................................42

Rev 1.4, June 2, 2004, June 2, 2004

1. Overview

1.1. Explanation of Model and Part Numbers

The model XSUWBWDK UWB transceiver contains a single PC board in an aluminum

enclosure approximately 6 X 4.5 X 1.25 inches in size. Table 1 gives Motorola part numbers and

descriptions.

Table 1: Motorola Part Numbers for UWB Development Hardware

Motorola Part Number Description

XSUWBAR A single UWB transceiver plus associated components such as antenna and

IEEE1394 cables, UWB antennas, etc.

XSUWBWDK Two UWB transceivers and associated components such as antenna and

IEEE1394 cables, antennas, CDROM, etc.

1.2. Mechanical Layout

Figure 1 shows a top view of a model XSUWBWDK UWB transceiver with the top cover

removed. It is shown in this manner only for reference. There is generally no reason to remove

the top cover.

Reverse

SMA

Connectors

XSI123

MC270141

MAC

1394 Section

Power

Supply

RS232

Port

1394 Config

EEPROM

1394

Link IC

1394

PHY IC

MAC

Serial

Boot

EEPROM

XSI113 RF

Transceiver Filters

PLL

1394

Connectors

SRAM

Reset

Switch

Power

LED

5 VDC

Input

Ant1

(Receive Only)

Ant2

(Receive and

Transmit)

Figure 1: Top Side Layout of UWB Transceiver Model Number XSUWBWDK

Figure 2 depicts the bottom of a model XSUWBWDK UWB transceiver with the bottom cover in

place. There is no reason to remove the bottom cover.

Rev 1.34, June 2, 2004

Power

LED

JTAG

Connector

Reverse

SMA

Connectors

1394

Connectors

RS232

Port

Reserved

Connector

Figure 2: Bottom Side Layout of UWB Transceiver Model Number XSUWBWDK

1.3. Applicability of This Manual

This WDK Hardware Guide is intended for use with:

• UWB transceivers having a model number of XSUWBWDK.

• Version 2.0 or later of the Motorola XtremeSpectrum Software Development Kit.

2. Installation and Setup

2.1. Items Supplied by Motorola

A single Wireless Developer Kit contains the following items:

• Two model XSUWBWDK UWB transceivers in metal enclosures.

• Four UWB antennas.

• Four semi-flexible coaxial cables for connection of the Motorola antenna to a UWB

transceiver.

• Two +5 VDC power supplies that accept 110 – 240 VAC input.

• Two IEEE1394 cables, each with four pin connectors on the ends.

• An SDK CDROM.. For the content of this CDROM, see the XtremeSpectrum Software

• Motorola UWB Software Development Kit Utilities Guide.

• A special cable for updating firmware used by the MC270141 MAC internal to the

Evaluation Kit. This ByteBlasterTM cable is manufactured by Altera Corporation. Note that

this cable is supplied only to customers who have not received one previously from

Motorola.

The minimum, and default, system configuration shipped by Motorola consists of two UWB

transceivers. Additional transceivers can be purchased to form a multi-point configuration. Setup

and use of such a configuration is covered in more detail in section 3.

Note: The expression “Wireless Developer Kit”, or WDK, refers to the complete set of

hardware and software deliverables from Motorola. The expression “Software

Rev 1.34, June 2, 2004

Developer Kit”, or SDK, specifically refers to the 802.15.3 SAPs and applications

located in the directory ../XSUWBWDK-m.n.bxy/SDK.

2.2. User Supplied Items

• Two Linux PCs. If the transceiver will be used for PHY testing only, see section 2.2.1 for

PC attributes. If the transceiver will decode and display streaming video, see section

2.2.2.

• Unencrypted video clips encoded in an MPEG-2 HD transport stream format.

• RF cables and associated test equipment with attributes as specified in Table 3.

• Two dual-male SMA barrels.

• The following items if MC270141 firmware internal to the Evaluation Kit will be upgraded:

 A parallel port extension cable.

 A PC running Windows XP, 2000, NT 4.0 or 98.

2.2.1. PC Attributes Used for PHY Testing Only

Minimal functionality is required if the transceiver will be used for PHY testing only. In this case

a single PC can be used since it is only configuring a transceiver node and displaying statistics.

The minimum hardware and software required are:

• 500 MHz CPU speed or faster.

• Linux Redhat 7.3 with 2.4.20-uwb or 2.4.20-XSI Kernels

• VGA-compatible video card and associated monitor with minimum resolution of

800X600.

• 128 Mbytes RAM minimum.

• A hard disk with 50 Mbytes free space on the C: drive.

• A CDROM drive.

2.2.2. PC Attributes Used for Streaming Video Display

Decoding and displaying streaming MPEG-2 video in real time places a heavy processing load

on a PC and also requires a sophisticated video subsystem. If the WDK will be used for this

purpose, each PC that decodes and displays video (and thus is connected to the destination

transceiver) will require the following minimum hardware and software:

• 2.2 GHz CPU speed or faster.

• Linux Redhat 7.3 with 2.4.20-uwb or 2.4.20-XSI Kernels

• 256 Mbytes RAM minimum.

• A hard disk with 50 Mbytes free space on the C: drive.

• A CDROM drive.

• VGA-compatible video card and associated monitor with minimum resolution of

1024X768.

• A 1394 interface device permitting data transfer to/from an IEEE 1394 bus.

• Unencrypted video clips encoded in an MPEG-2 HD transport stream format.

Specific video subsystem requirements are dependent on the quality of the MPEG-2 transport-

stream. To display a single MPEG-2 720 or 1180 HD-quality stream, a minimum of 128 Mbytes

of high-performance video RAM on a 4x AGP2.0 interface is recommended. Motorola has used

Rev 1.34, June 2, 2004

an nVidia Quadro2 700XGL graphics adapter in a Dell Precision Workstation 530 with good

results.

2.3. Hardware Setup Procedure

1. Remove each UWB transceiver from its packing materials.

2. Place each transceiver so that it has a direct line of site to the other transceivers.

3. Remove the two antennas and associated semi-flexible coaxial cable for each Node

from their packing.

4. Attach each antenna to its semi-flexible coaxial cable and connect said cable to one of

the two RF connectors on the UWB transceiver housing.

5. Connect each AC transformer to an AC power socket providing the proper voltage and

current as rated on the transformer. Plug the other end of the transformer into the

receptacle on the transceiver housing.

6. Connect a Linux PC to the each Node via a 1394 cable.

3. Configuring Evaluation Kit Hardware

If you are receiving XSUWBWDK as an upgrade the firmware internal to the MC270141 MAC

must be upgraded.

3.1. Updating MC270141 Firmware

An Altera programming application (Quartus II Web Edition) must be downloaded from the

Altera Web site in order to update Evaluation Kit firmware. As discussed below, this application

is usually located this file in the download section of the Alter Web site.

Note 1: The Altera programming software does not support automatic FPGA device detection

so it is important that the correct firmware upgrade files be selected. Also, the versions

listed above have been successfully used by Motorola personnel to update firmware.

Later versions are also likely to work for this purpose.

To update WDK MAC firmware:

1. Connect the ByteBlaster cable to the parallel port of the PC and the 10 pin programming

port of the radio. The red stripe on the cable indicates pin one, which corresponds to Pin

1 on programming connector on the radio board. Pin 1 is closest to the end of the radio

where the power supply connector is.

2. Power on the UWB Node to be programmed.

3. Download the Altera Quartus II Web Edition software. It can be found on the Altera Web

site (https://www.altera.com) by clicking the hyperlinks “download” and then “Quartus II

Web Edition.”

4. Run the Altera Quartus II application on the Windows PC to which the ByteBlaster cable

is attached. The Quartus version should be 2.1 or later.

5. A web license is available from www.altera.com. A license is not required for

programming only. If no license is available do the following

a. When prompted, Click on “specify valid license”

b. Click OK

c. Click cancel on the next dialog box

Rev 1.34, June 2, 2004

6. Respond No when prompted to create a new project.

7. Select Tools-> Programmer. A programming dialog box will appear.

8. Click the “Auto Detect” icon (third icon down on the vertical icon bar) on the

programming dialog to cause Quartus II to query for Altera devices via JTAG.

9. Quartus II should find 2 devices and display them in the programming dialog. One will be

an FPGA and the other will be an EPC16 configurator/Flash ROM. The EPC16/4/8 is

used on both the 1106 and 1116 boards from Motorola/XtremeSpectrum. The PC board

in a UWB Node is either an 1106 or an 1116.] The MC270141 device will be an EP1S40

on an 1116 board, or an EP20K1000C/E on an 1106 board. Note which FPGA device is

present.

10. The File column for each device should say “<none>.”

11. Right click on the top listed Device (EP1S40 or EP20K1000C/E ) to bring up a context

menu and select the “Change File…” entry.

12. Browse to the directory where the desired .sof and .pof files are located. Select dummy

file for the top (FPGA) device. The file name will be of the form dummy_xxxx.sof file

where xxxx is the number of the radio board type (either 1106 or 1116).

13. The second device should be Device EPC16/4/8

14. Right click on the second device ( EPC16/4/8) to display a context menu and select the

“Change File…” entry.

15. Select one of two .pof files based on whether an EP20K1000C/E (1106 board in the

UWB Node) or an EP1S40 (1116 board in the UWB Node) was listed in the

programming dialog. For an EP20K1000C/E FPGA use the file named

output_file_1000_tx.pof. For an EP1S40 FPGA, use the file named

output_file_S40_tx.pof .

16. Click on the Program/configure check box for both devices

17. Click on the Verify box for the EPC16/4/8.

18. Click the “Start Programming” icon (top icon on the vertical bar).

19. The response should indicate success at the bottom of the screen.

20. The status of programming will be updated continuously at the bottom of the Quartus

window. The programming process should take no longer than approximately three to

four minutes. When it completes successfully the status will read Programming

Succeeded. If programming fails, reboot the Windows PC and cycle power on the

UWB Node then repeat steps 3 through 19.

Table 2: Summary of MC270141 Firmware Ugrade Files

Model XSUWBWDK Transceiver

EPC16 Config File FPGA Config File

dummy_1116.sof output_file_S40_tx.pof

3.2. Updating Evaluation Kit EEPROMs

Each model XSUWBWDK Transceiver contains an EEPROM used to configure its 1394

interface and another EEPROM used during MC270141 bootup. Each of these is discussed

briefly below.

Rev 1.34, June 2, 2004

3.2.1. 1394 Configuration EEPROM

The 1394 configuration EEPROM can be located using Figure 1. The label on this device should

read “X100”.

3.2.2. MAC Serial Boot EEPROM

This EEPROM is used each time the MC270141 MAC is reset or powered on. Its content is set

at the factory. Its location can be determined using Figure 1.

4. Evaluation Kit Hardware Description

The Wireless Developer Kit (WDK) contains two UWB transceivers. Additional transceivers can

be purchased to increase the size of a 802.15.3 piconet. Each node connects to a Linux PC for

reporting of statistics, and is powered from an AC outlet via the supplied DC power supply. A

logical block diagram of a transceiver is depicted in Figure 3.

Linux

RS232

1394

MC270141

MAC

MC270123

BaseBand

Controller

MC270113

Transceiver

Video 1394

Chipset

Figure 3: Wireless Developer Kit Logical Block Diagram

As can be seen in Figure 3, each transceiver contains three main subsystems as follows:

• A MAC subsystem.

• A PHY (physical layer) subsystem consisting of the XSI123 Base Band Controller and

the XSI113 RF Transceiver components.

• Two antennas.

These subsystems are implemented on a single printed circuit. A summary describing

interaction of these subsystems is provided here while each is described in slightly more detail

below.

The MAC subsystem configures the PHY subsystem (Base Band Controller and RF-

Transceiver) and implements an 802.15.3-like MAC layer. Included in this MAC layer are

functions such as data buffering, framing and transfer, hardware retransmission, CRC

generation or checking, etc. The MAC also collects performance metrics from the PHY

subsystem and reports them to a host PC.

The PHY subsystem implements two RF processing channels, each called a finger. The

presence of two fingers permits one channel to search for a stronger signal while the other

receives data. The Base Band Controller in the PHY subsystem performs signal processing as

well as forward error correction (FEC) in both receive and transmit modes. In receive mode it

Rev 1.34, June 2, 2004

also acquires and tracks the incoming signal to extract correct bit values. The RF-Transceiver

modulates or demodulates the UWB signal for each of the two fingers. It also supplies data and

control signals to (transmit mode) or receives them from (receive mode) the Base Band

Controller.

In the receive state, the RF Transceiver accepts the UWB signal from the antenna, filters and

amplifies it, then extracts data and data and error (control) signals and supplies these to the

XSI123 Base Band Controller for further processing.

UWB transceivers operate in one of three modes:

• Continuous transmit mode. A single header and one very long frame (one long payload)

are sent in this mode. This mode is used only for FCC compliance testing.

• Bridge mode. In bridge mode the MAC transfers data or “bridges” between the 1394 bus

and the radio link. Frames are sent by a source transceiver and acknowledged by a

destination transceiver in this mode. This is the standard mode of operation. Frames in

this context refer to Motorola radio frames.

• PERT mode. The PERT, or Packet Error Rate Test, mode is used for sending and

receiving test frames and reporting associated statistics. This mode is used to measure

the performance of a radio link. The MAC generates UWB radio frames that contain

pseudo random data. The UWB frames is transmitted only once to a receiver and must

be acknowledged. There are no frame retries. The receiver station validates the contents

of the frame.

See the Motorola UWB Software Development Kit Utilities Guide for additional information about

the software used to operate a UWB transceiver in one of these three modes.

4.1. MAC Subsystem Overview

The Motorola UWB transceiver contains an 802.15.3-like MAC implemented using an Altera

FPGA, the MC270141. In addition to the MC270141, the MAC subsystem has flash ROM,

SRAM, a serial boot EEPROM and a memory used to configure the MC270141 after every reset

or power-on. Two serial ports are implemented on the MC270141 as is DMA and other control

circuitry. The serial ports are brought to the external RS-232 connector that protrudes through

the WDK enclosure.

As stated above, the MAC protocol built into the WDK is defined by the IEEE 802.15.3

standard, which is a TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access) based MAC. When the WDK is

powered on, it remains quiet until the application enables the radio to “wake-up” because the

user desires to communicate with another device. In wake-up mode, the radio listens and scans

to see if there are other piconets that it might connect to. If none is found, it assumes the role of

“piconet node controller” (PNC). In this role, it transmits a short coded-sequence

synchronization signal (“beacon” – on the order of 0.5 millisecond) and then listens for a much

longer period of time (on the order of 50 milliseconds) to effectively poll for other devices

wanting to join the piconet. The PNC manages the piconet by accepting/authenticating devices

into the piconet, assigning communication time slots to the various devices in the piconet, and

by passing the role of PNC to another device, as appropriate. Therefore, each radio is only

transmitting during: (1) it’s brief beacon period and (2) its communication time slot. A device in a

piconet that does not have data to pass is not assigned a time slot, so it simply sleeps until the

next beacon period. By virtue of this protocol, the requirements of Section 15.517(a)5 of the

FCC Rules are met.

Rev 1.34, June 2, 2004

The configuration memory, an Altera EPC16, can be reloaded using the JTAG connector

internal to the enclosure. Directions for doing so are provided in section 3.1.

In future versions of UWB transceivers the MC270141 will be replaced by a much smaller

custom ASIC, or both the MAC and Baseband chips will be consolidated into a single chip.

An SDK is typically supplied with the WDK to permit configuration, control and statistics

reporting. Sample applications that use the 802.15.3 API are included with the SDK.

The MAC subsystem implements a 1394 Firewire interface that is exposed on the outside of the

enclosure as two 4-pin connectors. A single 1394 chipset is used to implement this external

interface. Either PCs or consumer electronics devices can be connected to the 1394 interface

on the UWB transceiver.

A single +5 VDC supply is used to power each UWB transceiver. An on-board DC-to-DC

converter generates supply voltages from this input.

4.2. PHY Subsystem Overview

The physical layer is accomplished using two VLSI devices developed by XtremeSpectrum, the

XSI123 Base Band Controller and the XSI113 RF Transceiver, plus a filter.

When receiving, the Base Band Controller provides analog-to-digital conversion of the

demodulated signals. It converts the data and synchronization signals from the RF Transceiver

to time correction values for each of the fingers. These time correction values are fed back to

the RF Transceiver to cause the receiver to remain locked to the incoming data stream. The

Base Band Controller also contains circuitry that implements channel equalization and FEC

processing, and framing.

On transmit the Base Band Controller provides one-bit-wide transmitted data to the RF-

Transceiver. This data is then encoded by the RF Transceiver before being sent to one of the

antennas.

The RF Transceiver provides amplification, modulation, demodulation, and generation of a

synchronized clock.. The XSI113 RF Transceiver connects to the antennas via a bandpass

filter. The characteristics of the filter along with the waveform generated by the RF Transceiver

guarantee compliance with the FCC emission limits, as long as the supplied antennas are used.

The characteristic impedance of each antenna connection is 50 Ω.

4.3. Antenna

Each antenna is a printed circuit board. The antenna connects to the transceiver housing via

semi-flexible coaxial cable. The frequency response function for this antenna as measured in an

anechoic chamber is supplied on the distribution CDROM that accompanies each Wireless

Evaluation Kit. The data graphed in Figure 4 is representative of the antenna’s response but

should not be used for precise calculations.

Rev 1.34, June 2, 2004

Antenna Gain - dBi

-60

-50

-40

-30

-20

-10

0.0E+00 2.0E+09 4.0E+09 6.0E+09 8.0E+09 1.0E+10

Figure 4: Antenna Gain Versus Frequency

Only FCC ApprovedmayThe WDK is FCC certification is valid only when the antennas supplied

with the WDK antennas are used. The WDK is not FCC approved if any other antenna is

attached.this product. If use of a different antenna is desired, MotorolaFreescale will assist in

obtaining a new FCC certification to cover the attachment of the alternative antenna as

commercially practicable.

4.4. Enclosure

The Evaluation Kit is housed in a milled aluminum box with two covers. The covers should

always be installed during operation to prevent unwanted radiation through the air and to

eliminate interference. Figure 1 depicts the layout of components inside the enclosure as well as

the location of external connections.

5. PHY Evaluation Using the Wireless Developer Kit

5.1. Summary List of Test Hardware and Software Required

Table 3 summarizes the test equipment and associated devices (cables, terminators, etc.) that

would typically be used to make RF and other measurements with the Evaluation Kit. The

settings and connections for each are provided in more detail when each test is described.

Equivalent devices can be used in place of those specified in the table if the substituted device

has the same specifications.

For a list of firms from which test equipment can be rented or leased, see section 13.

Rev 1.3, June 2, 2004

Table 3: Summary List of Equipment for Motorola UWB RF Measurements

Quantity Manufacturer and Model Description Tests Requiring This

Equipment

Comment

8 Belden 1673J Coaxial Cable or

equivalent

Coaxial cable length with SMA

connectors attached. Cables must

be low-loss and phase-stable.

Use 3.5 mm SMA connectors.

Various To connect Motorola Nodes

to test equipment. Use same

coax,equal length and

identical connectors. Do not

use to connect antennas.

4 Inmet 3016 or equivalent 1 Watt, 50 Ω terminator with SMA

connector

Various Flat frequency response to 12

GHz minimum, 18 GHz

preferred.

2 Agilent 11667B or equivalent DC to 26.5 GHz wideband power

splitter, passive, 50 Ω impedance

Receiver Sensitivity

Receiver Immunity

2 Belden 1637A semi-flexible coaxial

cable OR RG402 rigid coaxial cable

Coaxial cable length with SMA

connectors attached.

Various To connect Motorola Nodes

to antennas. Use same

coax,equal length and

identical connectors.

2 Inmet 5020 OR

Inmet 5044 or equivalent

Dual male SMA barrels, DC to 18

GHz

Scaled Range Versus

Throughput

2 Various Linux PC with 1394 interface All RF Tests and PC-

Sourced 1394

Transmission & Reception

Sources and displays MPEG-

2 HD data streams. Attributes

specified in section 2.1.

2 Various RS-232C Cables Various See section 2.1 for pinout.

2 Inmet 5009 or equivalent Type “N” male to SMA female RF

adapter, DC to 18GHz.

Various

1 Tektronix SMT06 or equivalent OR

Agilent 8665B or equivalent

5 kHz to 6 GHz Signal Generator Receiver Sensitivity

Receiver Immunity

Output power must be +12

dBm minimum.

1 Agilent 8494B Attenuator attached to

Agilent 8495B Attenuator with

Agilent 11716C Interconnect Kit or

another equivalent manual

attenuator.

Manual attenuator with both

coarse (10 dB) and fine (1 dB)

increments.

Receiver Sensitivity

Receiver Immunity

Penetration

Scaled Range versus

Throughput

Models specified have SMA

connections. Attenuator with

type “N” connectors may be

more available in which case

more type “N” male to SMA

female adapters are needed.

1 Agilent E4418B power meter with

Agilent 8481A Power Sensor

attached

power meter and attached Power

Sensor. 10 MHz – 18 GHz,

1 µWatt – 100 mW

Total Average Transmit

Power

Rev 1.3, June 2, 2004

Quantity Manufacturer and Model Description Tests Requiring This

Equipment

Comment

1 Inmet 18B-10 OR

Inmet 18AH-10 OR

Inmet 18DH-10 or equivalent

10 dB inline fixed attenuator Receiver Sensitivity

Receiver Immunity

Penetration

Scaled Range versus

Throughput

Rohde & Schwarz FSU26 with

FS-K3 noise figure software,

FSU-B4 reference frequency and

FSU-B25 Attenuator with

preamplifier

20Hz-26.5 GHz Spectrum

Analyzer

with 50 MHz resolution

bandwidth.

FCC Transmit Spectral

Mask Compliance

50MHz resolution bandwidth

required for a particular FCC

compliance test. ** See notes

1 & 2 in section 5.4

Rhode & Schwarz ESIB 20 Hz to 26 GHz EMI Receiver &

Spectrum Analyzer

Alternative to FSU26

above

** See notes 1 & 2 in section

5.4

Agilent 86100B Frame, with

54754 TDR-TDT Plug-in or

Tektronix CSA8000 & 80E04 TDR

Sampling Module

20 GHz dual channel digital

sampling oscilloscope with dual

channel TDR module

Peak to Average Transmit

Power Ratio

A 20 GHz electrical plug-in

can replace the TDR for the

Peak to Average Transmit

Power Ratio measurement.

1 Various Four foot by eight foot sheet of ½

inch thick gypsum drywall.

Penetration

1 Huber + Suhner 742-0-0-21 or

equivalent

1.0 Newton-Meter torque wrench Various Can use a wrench rated for 8

inch-pounds.

Various MPEG-2 HD video source

supplied via 1394 interface

Non-PC-Sourced 1394

Transmission & Reception

Isochronous packets only on

channel 63. See Table 5.

Various Unencrypted MPEG-2 HD video

clips.

PC-Sourced 1394

Transmission & Reception

Rev 1.34, June 2, 2004

5.2. Equipment Handling

5.2.1. Attaching and Detaching SMA Connectors

The impedance characteristics of SMA connectors can degrade rapidly if they are not handled

properly. Such degradation will almost certainly affect measured tests results. To ensure the

accuracy of test results, follow these guidelines when attaching and detaching SMA connectors:

• Align center conductors carefully before mating connectors to prevent degradation.

• Never force a connection between two connectors that do not mate easily.

• Support cables or devices that are being connected to prevent lateral forces that can

damage connectors.

• Regularly inspect connectors with a magnifying glass. Replace any that are damaged to

prevent degradation of mating connectors. Damage may include: excessive thread wear

or deformation, corrosion, misalignment, rounding off of edges, contamination or

discoloration.

• Use a torque wrench (see Table 3) on the male side and a small open-ended wrench on

the female side.

• Prevent rotation of SMA center conductors. Do this by holding the female stationary with

an open-ended wrench while turning the hex nut on the male with a torque wrench while

simultaneously preventing rotation of the cable attached to the male.

CAUTION: Turning the center conductor of an SMA female connector may permanently

damage the connector and possibly invalidate any subsequent test results using it.

5.2.2. Avoiding Equipment Damage Due to Electrostatic Discharge

The center conductor of the Evaluation Kit’s antenna input connects directly to a highly sensitive

receiver circuit. As a result, avoid any static discharge into the antenna port since it can severely

damage a UWB transceiver.

CAUTION: Take proper precautions to prevent electrostatic discharge while working with the

WDK transceivers. All personnel working in or around the equipment should be

properly grounded, as should all electronic or other equipment used during testing.

Do not touch the antenna center conductor, particularly by wiping or brushing

across it, as this may permanently damage internal circuitry.

5.2.3. Attaching the Antenna to a Transceiver

Use the a calibrated tourque wrench designed for SMA connectors when attaching the antenna

to a transceiver and thereby decrease the likelihood of loosening the antenna when it is

positioned during testing.

5.3. Guidelines for Running Tests

5.3.1. Order of Configuration and Test Command Execution

The order in which test and configuration commands are run can affect the accuracy of results.

To ensure accurate results, follow the guidelines below:

• Always configure a UWB Node acting as a receiver before configuring a Node acting as

a transmitter when running one of the tests specified below.

Rev 1.34, June 2, 2004

5.3.2. Statistics Display on a PC Connected to a Transceiver

The procedures in this section assume that a single Linux PC is connected to each transceiver.

To decode and display streaming MPEG-2 video, follow the guidelines for PC selection in

section 2.2.2.

5.4. Transmit Spectral Mask Compliance Test

Summary Description: This test nominally* confirms that Motorola UWB equipment complies

with FCC spectral mask specifications and that the transmit power spectrum is within the

limitations necessary to prevent interference with other frequencies. It has four components as

follows:

• A wideband compliance test that checks the EIRP compliance of UWB emission

between 960 MHz and 12 GHz. The power for each frequency band within this range is

specified in paragraph (c) of section 15.517 of the CFR 47, Part 15 (Code of Federal

Regulations. See section 12 for a full citation).

• A narrowband GPS interference test that considers the EIRP between 1164 – 1610

MHz. The power for each frequency band within this range is specified in paragraph (e)

of section 15.517 of the CFR 47, Part 15.

• A peak to average power test that considers the peak emitted power per MHz over a 50

MHz resolution bandwidth about the center frequency in which a UWB device emits the

greatest of power. The specification of this test can be found in paragraph (f) of section

15.517 of the CFR 47, Part 15.

• Adjustment of the above measurements for the antenna gain*.

During this test the UWB transceiver sends a continuous bit stream in unframed mode. In other

words, a single, very long frame is sent containing only one header and one payload.

Prerequisites:

• None.

Connection Diagram

Linux PC

1394

Firewire

UWB

Transceiver Spectrum Analyzer

XtremeSpectrum

Antenna cable

Figure 5: Equipment Setup for Transmit Spectral Mask Compliance Test

* Note that a measurement through wire and then adjusting for the antenna gain is not accepted by the

FCC, which requires open air tests that includes all antenna effects. Since open-air tests require an

outdoor test site and are far more time consuming and difficult, the approach outlined here is meant to

provide a nominal indication of compliance that can be done quickly in a lab environment.

Rev 1.34, June 2, 2004

Test Procedure:

1. Set up equipment as indicated in Figure 5. Follow the guidelines in section 5.2.1 when

making or breaking RF connections.

2. Turn on all test equipment and allow it to warm up for the length of time specified by the

manufacturer.

3. Verify that the UWB transceiver is powered on.

4. Open a command window on the Linux PC.

5. Use the cd command as necessary on the Linux PC to move to the directory containing

the mode application supplied with the Motorola SDK.

6. Run the following command in the Linux PC command window opened as explained

above:

./mode BT

See the Motorola UWB Software Development Kit Utilities Guide for definitions of the

parameters used with the mode command.

7. While determining transceiver RF power output levels in steps 9 through 17 below, note

the frequency of the highest RF output power. This frequency is called fc and will be

used later in this procedure.

8. Set the spectrum analyzer as follows:

a. Measurement type: RF Power in dBm

b. Sweep range: 900 MHz to 1700 MHz

c. Sweep points: 10001

d. Resolution bandwidth: 1 MHz

e. Video bandwidth: Auto

f. Detector selection: RMS

g. Input attenuation: 0

h. Markers: 960 MHz and 1610 MHz

i. Input coupling: AC

j. Trigger source: internal, free running

9. Note the RF power output of the transceiver between the two marked frequencies (960

MHz and 1610 MHz) and verify that it is below the –75.3 dBm ceiling specified in

paragraph (c) of section 15.517 of the CFR 47, Part 15.

10. Change the spectrum analyzer settings as follows:

a. Sweep range: 1500 MHz to 2100 MHz

b. Markers: 1610 MHz and 1990 MHz

11. Note the RF power output of the transceiver between the two marked frequencies (1610

MHz and 1990 MHz) and verify that it is below the –53.3 dBm ceiling specified in

paragraph (c) of section 15.517 of the CFR 47, Part 15.

12. Change the spectrum analyzer settings as follows:

a. Sweep range: 1800 MHz to 3200 MHz

b. Markers: 1990 MHz and 3100 MHz

13. Note the RF power output of the transceiver between the two marked frequencies (1990

MHz and 3100 MHz) and verify that it is below the –51.3 dBm ceiling specified in

paragraph (c) of section 15.517 of the FCC CFR 47, Part 15.

Rev 1.34, June 2, 2004

14. Change the spectrum analyzer settings as follows:

a. Sweep range: 3000 MHz to 11000 MHz

b. Markers: 3100 MHz and 10600 MHz

15. Note the RF power output of the transceiver between the two marked frequencies (3100

MHz and 10600 MHz) and verify that it is below the –41.3 dBm ceiling specified in

paragraph (c) of section 15.517 of the FCC CFR 47, Part 15. The transmit spectrum

should be below -51.3 dBm above 4.9 GHz.

16. Change the spectrum analyzer settings as follows:

a. Sweep range: 10000 MHz to 12000 MHz

b. Markers: 10600 MHz

17. Note the RF power output of the transceiver above the marked frequency (10600 MHz)

and verify that it is below the –51.3 dBm ceiling specified in paragraph (c) of section

15.517 of the FCC CFR 47, Part 15.

18. Change the spectrum analyzer settings as follows:

a. Sweep range: 1164 MHz to 1169.067 MHz

b. Resolution bandwidth setting: 1 kHz

Note 1: A digital spectrum analyzer such as the FSU26 measures RF power contained in

a frequency span specified with the resolution bandwidth value. A digital spectrum

analyzer takes this measurement by determining the power at many discrete points

(called sweep points) between start and stop frequencies (the sweep span). The

instrument divides the sweep span into a number of slices one resolution bandwidth

wide, measures the power in each slice and plots the result. Note that sections of

the sweep span will be missed (i.e. have no data points) if the sweep range divided

by the number of sweep points exceeds the resolution bandwidth. The plot of

resulting measured values would be meaningless. To prevent generation of such

meaningless results, the measurements made in steps 18 through 23 of this

procedure must be broken into sweep points that are about 4/10ths of a resolution

bandwidth. For example, in the GPS band, the 1164 MHz to 1240 MHz span (sweep

span = 76 MHz), 15 separate measurements (5.0667 MHz per measurement with

10001 points means 507 Hz per point) are made to provide approximately two data

points per resolution bandwidth slice. For the 1559 MHz through 1610 MHz span

(sweep span = 51 MHz), 10 separate measurements (5.1 MHz per measurement

with 10001 points means 510 Hz per point) are made to provide approximately two

data points per resolution bandwidth slice.

Note-2: An alternative to the FSU-26 is the ESIB which is designed to automatically

make certified accurate EMI measurements. With general purpose analyzers,

there is no guarantee the results are accurate -- it can be difficult to get known

accurate results due to the flexibility and interaction of the various sweep

parameters that are all under user control. The ESIB forces the steps of

.4*RBW to insure that highly accurate results are obtained and no spectral

peak is lost. It also has the following advantages:

(1) Built in transducer tables as well as a calibrated low-noise (9 dB NF)

preamp, and multiple detectors including an RMS detector. These allow

accurate measurements of the low signal levels in open-air tests because it

allows a real-time display that is calibrated for all antenna and cabling

effects. The real-time display allows frequencies and peak-levels at

Rev 1.34, June 2, 2004

different angles to the DUT to be identified as positioners are rotated and

stopped at a peak-emission angle.

(2) The tests in the GPS bands require 1 kHz RBW resulting in 400 Hz steps

covering 76 MHz (190k points) in one band and 51 MHz (127k points) in the

other. The ESIB allows 250k points in a band, which allows each GPS band

to be measured with a single sweep, significantly reducing the workload

and time required to take document these measurements. The capture time

is very important because even with the ESIB, it takes about 2 hours for

each polarization (4 hours per UWB-code), and there are several codes that

must be measured. – In addition to the raw speed, the ESIB can be

configured to do this test easily on the front panel. So there is no need for

a special script.

(3) 10 MHz RBW is built in, allowing somewhat better characterization of peak

levels than the 1 or 3 MHz limit in many other instruments. While the FSU-

26 was originally chosen because it had a 50 MHz RBW, it does not

accurately measure peak and RMS levels at 50 MHz RBW due to the way it

processes the signal (it uses a pulse stretching approach beyond a 10 MHz

RBW). So the FSU-26 is only good to 10 MHz, and lacks all the other

benefits of the ESIB.

19. Note the RF power output of the transceiver in the sweep range and verify that it is

below the –85.3 dBm ceiling specified in paragraph (e) of section 15.517 of the CFR 47,

Part 15.

20. Repeat steps 18 and 19 for each of the other 14 sweep ranges between 1169.067 MHz

and 1240 MHz (each range is 5.0667 MHz wide). Setup files for the FSU26 and trace

files are supplied for each of these ranges on the WDK distribution CDROM.

21. Change the spectrum analyzer settings as follows:

a. Sweep range: 1559 MHz to 1564.1 MHz

b. Resolution bandwidth setting: 1 kHz

22. Note the RF power output of the transceiver in the sweep range and verify that it is

below the –85.3 dBm ceiling specified in paragraph (e) of section 15.517 of the CFR 47,

Part 15.

23. Repeat steps 21 and 22 for each of the other 9 sweep ranges between 1564.1 MHz and

1610 MHz (each range is 5.1 MHz wide). Setup files for the FSU26 and trace files are

supplied for each of these ranges on the WDK distribution CDROM.

24. Change the spectrum analyzer settings as follows:

a. Sweep range: 500 MHz on either side of the frequency, fc, with the highest output

power as found in steps 9 through 17.

b. Markers: 250 MHz above fc and 250 MHz below fc

c. Resolution bandwidth setting: 50 MHz

25. Note the RF power output of the transceiver between the two marked frequencies (250

MHz above fc and 250 MHz below fc) and verify that it is below the 0 dBm ceiling

specified in paragraph (f) of section 15.517 of the CFR 47, Part 15.

26. Correct all measured results using the Motorola antenna frequency response data on the

CDROM supplied with the WDK.

Rev 1.34, June 2, 2004

Expected Results:

Contact the Motorola factory if the results of this test are not approximately those indicated in

the text above.

5.5. Total Average Transmit Power Test

Summary Description: This test determines the total average transmitted RF power across the

entire frequency band from a Motorola UWB transceiver. Note that this measurement is NOT

conducted in the same fashion as that used for determining FCC UWB spectral mask

compliance (see section 5.3.2), nor does it yield the same result. The average transmitted RF

power, together with the receive sensitivity value, can help with link budget estimations and with

determination of the useful range of UWB radios. The transceiver is run in continuous, unframed

transmit mode during this test.

Prerequisites:

• Run the Transmit Spectral Mask Compliance Test (see section 5.3.2), if you have not

already done so, before starting this test.

Connection Diagram

Power Meter with

Power Sensor

Linux PC

1394

Firewire

UWB

Transceiver

XtremeSpectrum

Antenna cable

Figure 6: Equipment Setup for the Total Average Transmit Power Test

Test Procedure:

1. Set up equipment as indicated in Figure 6. Follow the guidelines in section 5.2.1 when

making or breaking RF connections.

2. Turn on all test equipment and allow it to warm up for the length of time specified by the

manufacturer.

3. Set the power meter measurement range to 0 dBm.

4. Verify that the transceiver is powered on.

5. Open a command window on the Linux PC.

6. Use the cd command as necessary on the Linux PC to move to the directory containing

the mode application supplied with the Motorola SDK.

7. Run the following command in the Linux PC command window opened as explained

above:

./mode BT

See the Motorola UWB Software Development Kit Utilities Guide for definitions of the

parameters used with the mode command.

8. Disconnect the power meter, run its zero calibration procedure, then reconnect it.

Rev 1.34, June 2, 2004

9. Note the reading on the power meter. It should be approximately -10 to -8 dBm. Save

this value as it will also be used for computing the Peak to Average Transmit Power ratio

as described in section 5.6.

Expected Results:

The power meter reading should be between -10 and – 8dBm.

5.6. Peak Envelope Power Test

Summary Description: This test computes the peak envelope power (PEP) of a transceiver.

The peak-to-peak amplitude of the transceiver output is measured in this procedure then the

PEP is determined using the equation below. This is a wired test that uses a 20 GHz bandwidth

sampling oscilloscope with a time domain reflectometer plug-in. The transceiver is run in

continuous, unframed transmit mode during this test. This test has no relationship to the FCC’s

narrow bandwidth peak test.

Note: Peak envelope power is a standard term used to measure transmitter power. It is

defined as the emitted power averaged over the RF cycle having the greatest

amplitude during a transmission. In other words, it is the power that a continuous sine

wave would deliver to the load if the peak amplitude of that sine wave matched that of

the largest RF cycle that ever occurs during a transmission.

Prerequisites:

• Run the Transmit Spectral Mask Compliance Test (see section 5.3.2) and Total Average

Transmit Power Test (see section 5.5), if you have not already done so, before starting

this test.

Connection Diagram

Linux PC

1394

Firewire

UWB

Transceiver Antenna Cable

20 GHz Oscilloscope

with TDR Plug-in

Figure 7: Equipment Setup for the Peak Envelope Power Test

Test Procedure

1. Set up equipment as indicated in Figure 7. Follow the guidelines in section 5.2.1 when

making or breaking RF connections.

2. Turn on all test equipment and allow it to warm up for the length of time specified by the

manufacturer.

3. Verify that the transceiver is powered on.

4. Open a command window on the Linux PC.

Rev 1.34, June 2, 2004

5. Use the cd command as necessary on the Linux PC to move to the directory containing

the mode application supplied with the Motorola SDK.

6. Run the following command in the Linux PC command window opened as explained

above:

./mode BT

See the Motorola UWB Software Development Kit Utilities Guide for definitions of the

parameters used with the mode command.

7. Set the oscilloscope electrical plug-in as follows:

a. Time base: 1 nsec per division.

b. Vertical scale: 100 mV per division.

c. Trigger: free running.

d. Persistence: 5 seconds.

e. TDR Module Stimulus: off.

f. Markers: Set to permit reading minimum and maximum voltage to permit

computation of peak to peak amplitude.

8. Read the peak-to-peak voltage of the transmitter output signal on the oscilloscope. It

should be approximately 300 mV.

9. Compute the peak envelope power out of the transceiver using the formula: 400

where:

Pt is the peak envelope power emitted by the transceiver in Watts (i.e. the power

dissipated in a 50Ω load by a sine wave with peak to peak amplitude Vpp).

Vpp is the peak-to-peak amplitude in Volts at the antenna terminals.

Note: The equation above represents peak envelope power (PEP). It is derived from

the expression R

, where E is the voltage and R is the load impedance. Computing this

involves summing the power in a single cycle (integrating from zero to one) using the

following peak envelope power (PEP) expression: dt

Vpp

∫⎟

⎠

⎞

⎜

⎝

⎛

2sin

Expected Results

The peak-to-peak voltage should be approximately 300 mV.

5.7. Receiver Sensitivity and Scaled Ranged Versus Throughput Test

Summary Description: This test determines the sensitivity of the UWB receiver by measuring

the minimum signal detected for frame error rates (FER) of 1%, 5% and 10%. Together the

transmit power and Rx sensitivity values are useful in determining the link budget of a UWB

subsystem. Both UWB transceivers are run in continuous, framed mode during this test.

Rev 1.34, June 2, 2004

In addition, this test has two other purposes. First, it determines the throughput (bits per second

of payload) from UWB transmitter to UWB receiver for various FEC and raw channel rate

settings in a line of sight (LOS) environment using a range of scaled antenna separation

distances as simulated with a manual attenuator. This test also measures the effect on FER of

various channel rate and FEC settings. Sample measurements are provided.

Prerequisites:

• Run the Transmit Spectral Mask Compliance Test see (section 5.3.2), if you have not

already done so, before starting this test.

Connection Diagram

Linux PC

UWB

Destination

Transceiver

Linux PC

1394

Firewire

1394

Firewire

10 dB

Inline

Attenuator



Cables should be matched (same coax manufacturer,

same connector manufacturer, same length).

 Male to male SMA barrel.

UWB Source

Transceiver

Signal Generator



Manual Step

Attenuator

Power

Splitter

Power

Splitter

Spectrum Analyzer

Figure 8: Setup for the Receiver Sensitivity, Scaled Range

Versus Throughput and Receiver Immunity Tests

Test Procedure:

1. Set up equipment as indicated in Figure 8. Follow the guidelines in section 5.2.1 when

making or breaking RF connections.

2. Turn on all test equipment except the signal generator and allow it to warm up for the

length of time specified by the manufacturer.

3. Verify that the signal generator is off. It will not be used in this test.

4. Set the manual attenuator to 20 dB.

5. Set the spectrum analyzer as follows:

a. Measurement type: RF Power in dBm

b. Sweep range: 500 MHz on either side of the frequency, fc, with the highest output

power as found in steps 9 through 17 of the Transmit Spectral Mask Test described

in section 5.3.2.

c. Markers: 250 MHz above fc and 250 MHz below fc

d. Resolution bandwidth setting: 50 MHz

e. Detector selection: RMS

f. Video bandwidth: Auto

Rev 1.34, June 2, 2004

g. Input attenuation: 0

h. Input coupling: AC

i. Trigger source: internal, free running

6. Verify that both UWB transceivers are powered on.

7. Open a command window on each of the Linux PCs depicted in Figure 8.

8. Use the cd command as necessary on each Linux PC to move to the directory

containing the mode application supplied with the Motorola SDK.

9. Run the following commands on the Linux PC connected to the UWB destination

transceiver:

./config 1 114 NONE 16k 0

./mode PR

./stats FRAM MACAddress

See the Motorola UWB Software Development Kit Utilities Guide for definitions of the

parameters used with the mode, config and stats commands. Be sure to replace the

parameter MACAddress with the proper value for the destination transceiver.

10. Run the following commands on the Linux PC connected to the UWB source transceiver

(replace the MACAddress parameter with the proper value for the source transceiver):

./config 1 114 NONE 16k 0

./mode PT

./stats FRAM MACAddress

11. Verify that the FER reported at the destination transceiver is approximately 2%.

12. Adjust the manual attenuator setting (i.e. change the signal reaching the destination

transceiver) until an FER of 10% (1X10-1) is reached as reported by the statistics.

13. Record the power on the spectrum analyzer at fc in the dBm/MHz column associated

with a 10% FER, 114 Mbps raw channel rate and a FEC rate of 1.

14. Repeat steps 12 and 13 for an FER value of 2% (2X10-2). This lower FER value will be

achieved by decreasing the loss in the manual attenuator.

15. Terminate the stats command running on the Linux machine connected to the

destination UWB transceiver. Then run the following commands in a Linux terminal

window on the same PC:

./mode B

./config 0.75 114 NONE 16k 0

./mode PR

./stats FRAM MACAddress

16. Terminate the stats command running on the Linux machine connected to the source

UWB transceiver. Then run the following commands in a Linux terminal window on the

same PC:

./mode B

./config 0.75 114 NONE 16k 0

./mode PT

./stats FRAM MACAddress

17. Adjust the manual attenuator setting until an FER of 10% (1X10-1) is reached as reported

on the destination transceiver.

Rev 1.34, June 2, 2004

18. Record the power on the spectrum analyzer at fc in the dBm/MHz column associated

with a 10% FER, 114 Mbps raw channel rate and a FEC rate of ¾.

19. Repeat steps 17 and 18 for an FER value of 2% (2X10-2). This lower FER value will be

achieved by decreasing the loss in the manual attenuator.

20. Terminate the stats command running on the Linux machine connected to the

destination UWB transceiver. Then run the following commands in a Linux terminal

window on the same PC:

./mode B

./config 0.5 114 NONE 16k 0

./mode PR

./stats FRAM MACAddress

21. Terminate the stats command running on the Linux machine connected to the source

UWB transceiver. Then run the following commands in a Linux terminal window on the

same PC:

./mode B

./config 0.5 114 NONE 16k 0

./mode PT

./stats FRAM MACAddress

22. Adjust the manual attenuator setting until an FER of 10% (1X10-1) is reached as reported

on the destination transceiver.

23. Record the power on the spectrum analyzer at fc in the dBm/MHz column associated

with a 10% FER, 114 Mbps raw channel rate and a FEC rate of ½.

24. Repeat steps 22 and 23 for an FER value of 2% (2X10-2).

25. Terminate the stats command running on the Linux machine connected to the

destination UWB transceiver. Then run the following commands in a Linux terminal

window on the same PC:

./mode B

./config 1 57 NONE 16k 0

./mode PR

./stats FRAM MACAddress

26. Terminate the stats command running on the Linux machine connected to the source

UWB transceiver. Then run the following command in a Linux terminal window on the

same PC:

./mode B

./config 1 57 NONE 16k 0

./mode PT

./stats FRAM MACAddress

27. Adjust the manual attenuator setting until an FER of 10% (1X10-1) is reached as reported

on the destination transceiver.

28. Record the power on the spectrum analyzer at fc in the dBm/MHz column associated

with a 10% FER, 57 Mbps raw channel rate and a FEC rate of 1.

29. Repeat steps 27 and 28 for an FER value of 2% (2X10-2).

Rev 1.34, June 2, 2004

30. Terminate the stats command running on the Linux machine connected to the

destination UWB transceiver. Then run the following commands in a Linux terminal

window on the same PC:

./mode B

./config 0.75 57 NONE 16k 0

./mode PR

./stats FRAM MACAddress

31. Terminate the stats command running on the Linux machine connected to the source

UWB transceiver. Then run the following commands in a Linux terminal window on the

same PC:

./mode B

./config 0.75 57 NONE 16k 0

./mode PT

./stats FRAM MACAddress

32. Adjust the manual attenuator setting until an FER of 10% (1X10-1) is reached as reported

on the destination transceiver.

33. Record the power on the spectrum analyzer at fc in the dBm/MHz column associated

with a 10% FER, 57 Mbps raw channel rate and a FEC rate of ¾.

34. Repeat steps 32 and 33 for an FER value of 2% (2X10-2).

35. Terminate the stats command running on the Linux machine connected to the

destination UWB transceiver. Then run the following commands in a Linux terminal

window on the same PC:

./mode B

./config 0.5 57 NONE 16k 0

./mode PR

./stats FRAM MACAddress

36. Terminate the stats command running on the Linux machine connected to the source

UWB transceiver. Then run the following commands in a Linux terminal window on the

same PC:

./mode B

./config 0.5 57 NONE 16k 0

./mode PT

./stats FRAM MACAddress

37. Adjust the manual attenuator setting until an FER of 10% (1X10-1) is reached as reported

at the destination transceiver.

38. Record the power on the spectrum analyzer at fc in the dBm/MHz column associated

with a 10% FER, 57 Mbps raw channel rate and a FEC rate of ½.

39. Repeat steps 37 and 38 for an FER value of 2% (2X10-2).

40. Terminate the stats command running on the Linux machine connected to the

destination UWB transceiver. Then run the following commands in a Linux terminal

window on the same PC:

./mode B

./config 1 28.5 NONE 16k 0

Rev 1.34, June 2, 2004

./mode PR

./stats FRAM MACAddress

41. Terminate the stats command running on the Linux machine connected to the source

UWB transceiver. Then run the following commands in a Linux terminal window on the

same PC:

./mode B

./config 1 28.5 NONE 16k 0

./mode PT

./stats FRAM MACAddress

42. Adjust the manual attenuator setting until an FER of 10% (1X10-1) is reached as reported

on the destination transceiver.

43. Record the power on the spectrum analyzer at fc in the dBm/MHz column associated

with a 10% FER, 28.5 Mbps raw channel rate and a FEC rate of 1.

44. Repeat steps 42 and 43 for an FER value of 2% (2X10-2).

45. Terminate the stats command running on the Linux machine connected to the

destination UWB transceiver. Then run the following commands in a Linux terminal

window on the same PC:

./mode B

./config 0.75 28.5 NONE 16k 0

./mode PT

./stats FRAM MACAddress

46. Terminate the stats command running on the Linux machine connected to the source

UWB transceiver. Then run the following commands in a Linux terminal window on the

same PC:

./mode B

./config 0.75 28.5 NONE 16k 0

./mode PT

./stats FRAM MACAddress

47. Adjust the manual attenuator setting until an FER of 10% (1X10-1) is reached as reported

on the destination transceiver.

48. Record the power on the spectrum analyzer at fc in the dBm/MHz column associated

with a 10% FER, 28.5 Mbps raw channel rate and a FEC rate of ¾.

49. Repeat steps 47 and 48 for an FER value of 2% (2X10-2).

50. Terminate the stats command running on the Linux machine connected to the

destination UWB transceiver. Then run the following commands in a Linux terminal

window on the same PC:

./mode B

./config 0.5 28.5 NONE 16k 0

./mode PR

./stats FRAM MACAddress

51. Terminate the stats command running on the Linux machine connected to the source

UWB transceiver. Then run the following commands in a Linux terminal window on the

same PC:

Rev 1.34, June 2, 2004

./mode B

./config 0.5 28.5 NONE 16k 0

./mode PT

./stats FRAM MACAddress

52. Adjust the manual attenuator setting until an FER of 10% (1X10-1) is reached as reported

on the destination transceiver.

53. Record the power on the spectrum analyzer at fc in the dBm/MHz column associated

with a 10% FER, 28.5 Mbps raw channel rate and a FEC rate of ½.

54. Repeat steps 52 and 53 for an FER value of 2% (2X10-2).

55. Terminate the stats command running on the Linux machine connected to the

destination UWB transceiver. Then run the following commands in a Linux terminal

window on the same PC:

./mode B

./config 1 114 HIGH 16k 0

./mode PR

./stats FRAM MACAddress

56. Terminate the stats command running on the Linux machine connected to the source

UWB transceiver. Then run the following commands in a Linux terminal window on the

same PC:

./mode B

./config 1 114 HIGH 16k 0

./mode PT

./stats FRAM MACAddress

57. Adjust the manual attenuator setting until an FER of 10% (1X10-1) is reached as reported

on the destination transceiver.

58. Record the power on the spectrum analyzer at fc in the dBm/MHz column associated

with a 10% FER, 28.5 Mbps signal acquisition rate, 114 Mbps raw channel rate, FEC

rate of 1 and a high SNR setting.

59. Repeat steps 57 and 58 for an FER value of 2% (2X10-2).

60. Terminate the stats command running on the Linux machine connected to the

destination UWB transceiver. Then run the following commands in a Linux terminal

window on the same PC:

./mode B

./config 0.75 114 HIGH 16k 0

./mode PR

./stats FRAM MACAddress

61. Terminate the stats command running on the Linux machine connected to the source

UWB transceiver. Then run the following commands in a Linux terminal window on the

same PC:

./mode B

./config 0.75 114 HIGH 16k 0

./mode PT

./stats FRAM MACAddress

Rev 1.34, June 2, 2004

62. Adjust the manual attenuator setting until an FER of 10% (1X10-1) is reached as reported

on the destination transceiver.

63. Record the power on the spectrum analyzer at fc in the dBm/MHz column associated

with a 10% FER, 28.5 Mbps signal acquisition rate, 114 Mbps raw channel rate, FEC

rate of ¾ and a high SNR setting.

64. Repeat steps 62 and 63 for an FER value of 2% (2X10-2).

65. Terminate the stats command running on the Linux machine connected to the

destination UWB transceiver. Then run the following commands in a Linux terminal

window on the same PC:

./mode B

./config 0.5 114 HIGH 16k 0

./mode PR

./stats FRAM MACAddress

66. Terminate the stats command running on the Linux machine connected to the source

UWB transceiver. Then run the following commands in a Linux terminal window on the

same PC:

./mode B

./config 0.5 114 HIGH 16k 0

./mode PT

./stats FRAM MACAddress

67. Adjust the manual attenuator setting until an FER of 10% (1X10-1) is reached as reported

on the destination transceiver.

68. Record the power on the spectrum analyzer at fc in the dBm/MHz column associated

with a 10% FER, 28.5 Mbps signal acquisition rate, 114 Mbps raw channel rate, FEC

rate of ½ and a high SNR setting.

69. Repeat steps 67 and 68 for an FER value of 2% (2X10-2).

Manual attenuator setting versus distance values were based on one of the following two free

space equations:

ett

AGP

Ett

where:

Pr is the power seen at the receiver input in Watts/MHz.

Pt is the power emitted by the transmitter in Watts/MHz.

Gt is the gain of the transmitting antenna in (1 = isotropic).

Rev 1.34, June 2, 2004

Ae is the effective aperture area of the receiving antenna in square meters.

R is the distance between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna in meters.

Er is the electric field at the receiving antenna in volts per meter at range R.

5.8. Receiver Immunity Test

Summary Description: This test determines the tolerance of the MOTOROLA UWB

implementation to other RF technologies (IEEE 802.11b, IEEE 802.11a, cell phones, Microwave

ovens etc.) using the same frequency bands. It uses the same setup as the Receiver Sensitivity

test. This is a wired test that uses a power splitter and injects tones of various frequencies from

a signal generator into the UWB receiver input then measures the power level of the interfering

signal.

During this test the source transceiver operates in framed mode. In other words, numerous

UWB frames, each with a header and payload, are sent.

Prerequisites:

• Run the Transmit Spectral Mask Compliance Test (see section 5.3.2) and Receiver

Sensitivity Test (see section 5.6), if you have not already done so, before starting this

test.

Connection Diagram

• Use the setup specified in Figure 8.

Test Procedure

1. Set up equipment as indicated in Figure 8. Follow the guidelines in section 5.2.1 when

making or breaking RF connections.

2. Turn on all test equipment except the signal generator and allow it to warm up for the

length of time specified by the manufacturer.

3. Verify that the signal generator is off or set it to no output.

4. Set the manual attenuator to 20 dB.

5. Set the spectrum analyzer as follows:

a. Measurement type: RF Power in dBm

b. Sweep range: 800 MHz to 1000 MHz.

c. Marker: 900 MHz

d. Resolution bandwidth setting: 1 MHz

e. Detector selection: RMS

f. Video bandwidth: Auto

g. Input attenuation: 0

h. Input coupling: AC

i. Trigger source: internal, free running

6. Verify that both the source transceiver and the destination transceiver are powered on.

7. Open a command window on each of the Linux PCs depicted in Figure 8.

Rev 1.34, June 2, 2004

8. Use the cd command as necessary on each Linux PC to move to the directory

containing the mode application supplied with the Motorola SDK.

9. Run the following commands on the Linux PC connected to the UWB destination

transceiver:

./mode B

./config 1 114 NONE 16k 0

./mode PR

./stats FRAM MACAddress

See the Motorola UWB Software Development Kit Utilities Guide for definitions of the

parameters used with the mode , config and stats commands. Be sure to replace the

parameter MACAddress with the proper value for the destination transceiver.

10. Run the following commands on the Linux PC connected to the UWB source transceiver

(replace the MACAddress parameter with the proper value for the source transceiver):

./mode B

./config 1 114 NONE 16k 0

./mode PT

./stats FRAM MACAddress

11. Adjust the manual attenuator so that the FER reported on the destination transceiver is

2%.

12. Note the RF power reading on the spectrum analyzer at the marker frequency and

correct it for the insertion loss of the manual step attenuator and the two power splitters

(approximately 14 dB for the splitters). This RF power is the output level for the source

transceiver at the interfering frequency.

13. Change the spectrum analyzer settings as follows:

a. Sweep range: 1800 MHz to 2000 MHz

b. Marker: 1900 MHz

14. Note the RF power reading on the spectrum analyzer at the marker frequency and

correct it as discussed in step 12. This is the output level for the source transceiver at

the interfering frequency.

15. Change the spectrum analyzer settings as follows:

a. Sweep range: 2300 MHz to 2500 MHz

b. Marker: 2400 MHz

16. Note the RF power reading on the spectrum analyzer at the marker frequency and

correct it as discussed in step 12. This is the output level for the source transceiver at

the interfering frequency.

17. Change the spectrum analyzer settings as follows:

a. Sweep range: 2800 MHz to3000 MHz

b. Marker: 2900 MHz

18. Note the RF power reading on the spectrum analyzer at the marker frequency and

correct it as discussed in step 12. This is the output level for the source transceiver at

the interfering frequency.

19. Change the spectrum analyzer settings as follows:

a. Sweep range: 5300 MHz to 5500 MHz

Rev 1.34, June 2, 2004

b. Marker: 5400 MHz

20. Note the RF power reading on the spectrum analyzer at the marker frequency and

correct it as discussed in step 12. This is the output level for the source transceiver at

the interfering frequency.

21. Terminate the stats command running on the Linux machine connected to the source

UWB transceiver. Then run the following command on the PC connected to the source

transceiver:

./mode B

22. Turn on the signal generator and wait for it to warm up the length of time specified by the

manufacturer.

23. Change the spectrum analyzer settings as follows:

a. Sweep range: 800 MHz to1000 MHz

b. Marker: 900 MHz

24. Set the signal generator as follows:

a. Frequency: 900 MHz

b. Output level: -100 dBm (or the minimum for the instrument)

c. Sweep: Off

d. Modulation: None

e. Pulse generation: Off

25. Run the following commands on the Linux PC connected to the UWB source transceiver:

./mode B

./config 1 114 NONE 16k 0

./mode PT

./stats FRAM MACAddress

26. Increase the output level on the signal generator until an FER of 10% (1X10-1) is

reported on the destination transceiver.

27. Terminate the stats command running on the Linux machine connected to the source

UWB transceiver. Then run the following command on the PC connected to the source

transceiver:

./mode B

28. Note the RF power reading on the spectrum analyzer at the marker frequency and

correct it for the insertion loss of the two power splitters (approximately 14 dB) and the

fixed in-line attenuator (10 dB). This is the output level for an interfering source at the

frequency specified on the signal generator that is required to change the error rate from

2% to 10%.

29. Change the signal generator settings as follows:

a. Frequency: 1900 MHz

b. Output level: -100 dBm (or the minimum for the instrument)

30. Change the spectrum analyzer settings as follows:

a. Sweep range: 1800 MHz to 2000 MHz

b. Marker: 1900 MHz

31. Repeat steps 25 through 30 for this new interfering frequency (1900 MHz).

32. Change the signal generator settings as follows:

Rev 1.34, June 2, 2004

a. Frequency: 2400 MHz

b. Output level: -100 dBm (or the minimum for the instrument)

33. Change the spectrum analyzer settings as follows:

a. Sweep range: 2300 MHz to 2500 MHz

b. Marker: 2400 MHz

34. Repeat steps 25 through 30 for this new interfering frequency (2400 MHz).

35. Change the signal generator settings as follows:

a. Frequency: 2900 MHz

b. Output level: -100 dBm (or the minimum for the instrument)

36. Change the spectrum analyzer settings as follows:

a. Sweep range: 2800 MHz to 3000 MHz

b. Marker: 2900 MHz

37. Repeat steps 25 through 30 for this new interfering frequency (2900 MHz).

38. Change the signal generator settings as follows:

a. Frequency: 5400 MHz

b. Output level: -100 dBm (or the minimum for the instrument)

39. Change the spectrum analyzer settings as follows:

a. Sweep range: 5300 MHz to 5500 MHz

b. Marker: 5400 MHz

40. Repeat steps 25 through 30 for this new interfering frequency (5400 MHz).

Table 4: Transmit Frequencies of Common Devices in the UWB Frequency Range

Frequency Range Source Comment

900 MHz Cell phone/Cordless phone

1900 MHz Cell phone

2400 MHz Cordless phone, microwave

oven, 802.11b, 802.11g

2900 MHz Weather radar

5400 MHz Uniband 802.11a

Expected Results

5.9. Minimum Antenna Separation Test

Summary Description: This test determines the effect on FER of subjecting the Motorola UWB

receiver to a very strong input signal. Perform this test by moving the source transceiver

antenna close to the destination transceiver antenna until a desired FER level is achieved. Then

measure the physical separation of these two antennas.

During this test the source transceiver operates in framed mode. In other words, numerous

UWB frames, each with a header and payload, are sent.

Rev 1.34, June 2, 2004

Prerequisites:

• Run the Transmit Spectral Mask Compliance Test (see section 5.3.2) and Receiver

Sensitivity Test (see section 5.6), if you have not already done so, before starting this

test.

Connection Diagram

Linux PC

1394

Firewire

UWB Source

Transceiver

XtremeSpectrum

UWB Antenna

Start Test at 1 Meter

Antenna Separation

Linux PC

1394

Firewire

UWB

Destination

Transceiver

XtremeSpectrum

UWB Antenna

Figure 9: Setup for Minimum Antenna Separation Test

Test Procedure

1. Set up equipment as indicated in Figure 9. Follow the guidelines in section 5.2.1 when

making or breaking RF connections.

2. Verify that both the source transceiver and the destination transceiver are powered on.

3. Open a command window on each of the Linux PCs depicted in Figure 9.

4. Use the cd command as necessary on each Linux PC to move to the directory

containing the mode application supplied with the Motorola SDK.

5. Run the following commands on the Linux PC connected to the UWB destination

transceiver:

./mode B

./config 1 114 NONE 16k 0

./mode PR

./stats FRAM MACAddress

See the Motorola UWB Software Development Kit Utilities Guide for definitions of the

parameters used with the mode , config and stats commands. Be sure to replace the

parameter MACAddress with the proper value for the destination transceiver.

6. Run the following commands on the Linux PC connected to the UWB source transceiver

(replace the MACAddress parameter with the proper value for the source transceiver):

./mode B

./config 1 114 NONE 16k 0

./mode PT

./stats FRAM MACAddress

7. Note the FER reported on the PC connected to the destination transceiver. It should be

approximately.

8. Gradually move the UWB source transceiver closer to the destination transceiver (or

vice versa) while noting the FER.

Rev 1.34, June 2, 2004

Expected Results

The Motorola UWB platform is not sensitive to a strong signal source, so antenna separation

has no effect on the frame error rate experienced.

5.10. Penetration Test

Summary Description: This test introduces a single piece of ½” gypsum drywall between the

transmit and receive antennas. As a result it simulates transmission through an interior wall.

During this test the source transceiver operates in framed mode. In other words, numerous

UWB frames, each with a header and payload, are sent.

Prerequisites:

• Run the Total Average Transmit Power Test (see section 5.5).

Connection Diagram

Linux PC

1394

Firewire

UWB Source

Transceiver

XtremeSpectrum

UWB Antenna

1 Meter

Antenna Separation

Linux PC

1394

Firewire

UWB

Destination

Transceiver

XtremeSpectrum

UWB Antenna

½ Inch Drywall

Manual

Attenuator

Figure 10: Setup for Penetration Test

Test Procedure

1. Set up equipment as indicated in Figure 10. Follow the guidelines in section 5.2.1 when

making or breaking RF connections.

2. Make measurements that simulate the environment in which the final product will be

operated. No specific procedure steps are provided here due to the wide variety of

possible setups and associated results.

5.11. Video Transmission and Reception

Summary Description: This setup demonstrates the ability of the Motorola UWB

implementation to transfer one or more video data streams from a source transceiver to one or

more destination transceivers. Video data is input to the source transceiver via an IEEE 1394-

compatible input port. Each destination transceiver has its 1394 port connected to a 1394

enabled television, PC, or camcorder display.

Rev 1.34, June 2, 2004

Connection Diagram

Linux PC

1394

UWB Source

Transceiver

XtremeSpectrum

UWB Antenna

Linux PC

1394

UWB

Destination

Transceiver

XtremeSpectrum

UWB Antenna

1394

Video

or VCR

1394

UWB

Destination

Transceiver

XtremeSpectrum

UWB Antenna

Television

Figure 11: Setup for Video Transmission

Test Procedure

1. Set up equipment as indicated in Figure 11. Follow the guidelines in section 5.2.1 when

making or breaking RF connections. When connecting a device that either sources or

displays MPEG-2 data via the 1394 bus (i.e. the camera icon in Figure 11), be sure to

use one of the devices listed in Table 5.

2. Verify that all transceivers are powered on.

3. Setup a piconet using the dme command described in the Motorola UWB Software

Development Kit Utilities Guide.

4. Reset all transceivers.

5. At the source transceiver run the following command in a terminal window:

./dme join 0:2:3:4:5:6:7:8 56000

Since this is the first transceiver to join the piconet it becomes PNC.

6. At one of the destination transceivers run the following command in a terminal window to

cause a transceiver to join the piconet as DEV 1:

./dme join 1:2:3:4:5:6:7:8 56000

7. At the other destination transceiver run the following command in a terminal window to

cause a transceiver to join the piconet as DEV 2:

./dme join 2:2:3:4:5:6:7:8 56000

8. At the source transceiver run the following command in a terminal window to allocate a

stream to DEV 1:

./dme allocate_stream 1:2:3:4:5:6:7:8 1 31

Rev 1.34, June 2, 2004

9. At the source transceiver run the following command in a terminal window to allocate a

stream to DEV 2:

./dme allocate_stream 2:2:3:4:5:6:7:8 2 31

10. At the source transceiver run the following command in a terminal window to map a

stream to DEV 1:

./dme map_send_stream 1 163 0 63 50 15000 -1

11. At the source transceiver run the following command in a terminal window to map a

stream to DEV 2:

./dme map_send_stream 2 162 0 62 50 15000 -1

12. At destination transceiver, DEV 1, run the following command in a terminal window to

map its receive stream:

./dme map_receive_stream 163 0 63 250000 1

13. At destination transceiver, DEV 2, run the following command in a terminal window to

map its receive stream:

./dme map_receive_stream 162 0 62 250000 1

Start the device(s) that will transmit an MPEG-2 stream via 1394 to the source

transceiver (depicted on the right side of Figure 11) so that it begins to transmit. For the

figure above, the camcorder or VCR will transmit on 1394 channel 63 by default. On the

Linux PC open a terminal window and use the sendfile command to read an HD file from

the hard disk and send it to the transceiver over the 1394 port.

./sendfile 62 filename 1 3

6. Operating Conditions and Characteristics

6.1. AC Power Consumption

The Evaluation Kit is supplied with an AC transformer that requires 100-240VAC as input and

draws 1.2 Amps.

6.2. Temperature Range and Humidity Conditions

The Evaluation Kit is meant to be operated between +10 degrees C and +35 degrees C ambient

air temperature under non-condensing humidity conditions.

6.3. IEEE 1394 Modes Supported

The transceivers support transfer of isochronous and asynchronous data. 1394 bus

enumeration is not supported. Only the devices listed in Table 5 have been tested and found to

operate with the Evaluation Kit.

Table 5: Consumer Electronics Devices

that Operate with Motorola UWB Transceivers

Manufacturer Model Number &

Description

Comment

Sony

Electronics

DCR-IP5 Camcorder

JVC HM-DH30000U VCR http://www.jvc.com/product.jsp?modelId=MODL026758

JVC HM-DH40000U VCR http://www.jvc.com/product.jsp?modelId=MODL027070

Rev 1.34, June 2, 2004

Manufacturer Model Number &

Description

Comment

Samsung LTN226W 22 inch HDTV

LCD and S1R-T165 HDTV

Tuner

http://www.samsungusa.com/SamsungUSA/PRODUCT

/20030603/sirts165.pdf

http://www.samsungusa.com/SamsungUSA/PRODUCT

/20030924/ltn226w.pdf

Pioneer PDP-4340HD 43 inch HDTV

Plasma TV with Media

Receiver

http://www.pioneerelectronics.com/pna/product/detail/0,

,2076_4123_17600334,00.html

JVC GR-HD1US High Definition

Camcorder

This supersedes the model JY-HD10u HD Camcorder.

Mitsubishi WS-55511 55 inch HDTV

Rear Projection System

http://www.mitsubishi-tv.com/55511title.jpg

Sharp Aquos LC-22AD1 22 inch

HDTV LCD

http://www.sharp.co.jp/products/lc22ad1

7. Support

For additional support related to this device or document, please contact your local Motorola

sales office or the Motorola XtremeSpectrum UWB operation at:

Email: uwbsupport@xtremespectrum.com

Fax: (703) 749-0248

8. FCC Compliance Statement

NOTE: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital

device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable

protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment radiates radio

frequency energy and therefore has the potential, though it is unlikely to cause harmful

interference to other electronic devices. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to

radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the

user is encouraged to eliminate the interference by one or more of the following measures:

• Reorient or relocate the antennas of either the device being interfered with or this

equipment.

• Increase the separation between the device being interfered with and this equipment.

• Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the device

being interfered with is connected.

• Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.

Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the manufacturer could void the user’s

authority to operate this equipment legally under the FCC rules. The software provided will not

allow the device to operate differently or with emissions that are higher than what was approved

in the FCC certification process.

Declaration of Conformity

NOTE: This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the

following two conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device

Rev 1.34, June 2, 2004

must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired

operation.

9. License Agreement

The Motorola XSUWBWDK Wireless Development Kit is provided on loan for use in the United

States of America for the purpose of engineering evaluation only. It shall at all times remain the

property of Motorola and shall not be conveyed by the customer receiving it directly from

XtremeSpectrum, Inc. to any other individual, company or third-party outside said original

customer without the express written consent of Motorola.

10. Warranty Disclaimer

The Motorola XSUWBWDK Wireless Development Kit is supplied in as-is condition for the

purpose of engineering evaluation only. It is not a commercial product nor is it meant to be used

as one.

Motorola makes no warranty, either express or implied, with regard to the operational

characteristics, merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose of said Wireless Evaluation

Kit, including but not limited to its hardware, software, physical components.

11. Glossary

Table 6: Definitions for Terms, Abbreviations and Acronyms Used

Term, Abbreviation or Acronym Definition

Bit Error Rate The number of received bits that are in error divided by the total

number of bits received, including those in error.

BER See Bit Error Rate.

bridge mode A mode in which the MAC transfers data or “bridges” between the

1394 bus and the air link.

CFR 47, Part 15 Code of Federal Regulations 47, Part 15. Describes FCC rules for

devices that emit Ultra-Wideband signals.

continuous mode A transceiver mode in which a single header and single, long

payload are transmitted. It applies only to a transmitter; a UWB Node

is never placed into continuous receive mode. This mode is only

used for FCC compliance testing as discussed in section 5.

destination transceiver An Evaluation Kit Transceiver that has been configured so that it can

receive frames from a source transceiver and display statistics

associated with them.

DEV A UWB Node in a piconet that is not acting as a PNC.

EIRP Effective Isotropic Radiated Power

FEC See Forward Error Correction.

FER See Frame Error Rate.

Forward Error Correction Redundancy built into a data stream being transmitted over lossy

media such as through the atmosphere to reduce end-to-end error

rates by enhancing e. The transceiver implements FEC with soft-

decision convolutional encoding and Viterbi decoding.

Frame Error Rate The number of received frames that have either a header check

sequence (HCS) error or a frame check sequence (FCS) error

divided by the total number of frames received, including those in

error.

Rev 1.34, June 2, 2004

Term, Abbreviation or Acronym Definition

framed mode A transceiver mode in which data is formatted into a continuous

stream of frames, each with a header and payload, that are

transmitted or received.

GPS Global Positioning System

HD High Density.

Mbps Millions of bits per second.

MPEG-2 HD An MPEG-2 high density image.

MPEG-2 SD An MPEG-2 standard density image.

PERT Packet error rate test.

PERT mode A mode in which the MAC sends and receives test frames and

reports associated statistics.

PNC Piconet coordinator. This node in a piconet allocates bandwidth for

all piconet traffic and sends out beacon frames to all other nodes the

provide a time reference and specify transmit times for all DEVs

requesting bandwidth.

radio frame A proprietary data structure containing a header and payload that is

used to package transferred data. The default frame size is 16320

bytes.

SDK Motorola UWB Software Development Kit. This is a collection of

utilities and applications used to configure, control and move data to

and from Motorola UWB Nodes.

source transceiver An Evaluation Kit Transceiver that has been configured so that it can

transmit frames to a destination transceiver and display statistics

associated with them.

UWB An acronym for ultra wideband.

UWB frame See radio frame.

UWB Node A station capable of transmitting and receiving UWB frames.

UWB transceiver A station capable of transmitting and receiving UWB frames.

WDK Wireless Development Kit. This consists of two WEKs and

associated components such as antennas, cables, etc. as well as an

SDK.

WEK Wireless Evaluation Kit. A single UWB Node.

Wireless Development Kit

Wireless Evaluation Kit A UWB Node. See the WDK Hardware Guide for additional

information about model and part numbers.

wired test An RF test in which a source transceiver is connected to a

destination transceiver with cables. No antennas are used. Test

equipment may also be used in such a configuration.

12. References

Code of Federal Regulations

• CFR 47, Part 15 Subpart F – Ultra Wideband Operation

Motorola Documentation

• Motorola UWB Software Development Kit Utilities Guide

• XtremeSpectrum Software Development Kit Programmer’s Guide

Rev 1.34, June 2, 2004

IEEE 802.15.3 Standard

• IEEE Standard for Information Technology – 802.15.3 Wireless Medium Access Control

(MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) Specifications for High Rate Wireless Personal Area

Networks (WPANs). IEEE Std 802.15.3-2003.

13. Appendix A – Sources for Leasing of Test Equipment

The companies below rent the types of test equipment specified in Table 3. The availability of

particular instruments will vary, so check directly with each supplier. The leasing cost per month

is typically the equipment’s list price divided by twelve.

CIT Technologies Corporation

Phone: (800) 874-7123

http://www.trsonesource.com/trs/default.asp

Continental Resources, Inc.

Phone: (800) 937-4688

http://www.conres.com/tm/T&M.html

Electro Rent Corporation

Phone: (800) 688-1111

http://www.electrorent.com/

Metric Equipment Sales

Phone: (800) 432-3424

http://www.metrictest.com

RenTelco

Phone: (800) 233-5807

http://www.rentelco.com

Telogy, Inc.

Phone: (800) 835-6494

http://www.tecentral.com/

TestEquity Inc.

Phone: (800) 732-3457

http://www.testequity.com

Freescale Semiconductor XSUWBWDK User Manual Evaluation Kit Users Guide

Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Evaluation Kit Users Guide

User Manual

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