GE MDS DS-EL806 EL806 OEM Transnet User Manual 3946A TNET OEM Body

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Installation & Operation Guide

OEM Integration Guide

MDS 05-3946A01, Rev. A

APRIL 2003

Microwave Data Systems Inc.

MDS TransNET OEM

™

Spread Spectrum Data Transceiver

Transceiver Model EL806

Including Instructions for

03-4053A01 Evaluation Development Kit

The steps below contain the essential information needed to place the OEM trans-

ceiver in service. Because the transceiver is designed for use in other pieces of

equipment, these steps assume that prior testing and evaluation have been

conducted with the host device. If not, please refer to Section 3.0, Benchtop Setup

and Evaluation for proper interface wiring and configuration.

1. Mount the transceiver module using the four holes provided.

• If possible, select a mounting location that allows viewing the status LEDs and

provides ready access to the antenna connector.

• Use standoff hardware to secure the board to the host device.

• When mounting the board, use care to align the transceiver’s 16-pin header

connector with the mating pins in the host device.

2. Connect the antenna system to the transceiver

• Use only with antenna/feedline assemblies that have been expressly tested

and approved for such service by Microwave Data Systems Inc.

• Use an MMCX-type male connector to attach the antenna to the transceiver.

• For best performance, antennas should be mounted in the clear, with an

unobstructed path in the direction of desired transmission/reception.

3. Apply power and observe the LEDs for proper operation. The LED

command must be set to ON (LEDS ON).

After 16 seconds...

• The GP lamp should be lit continuously

• The DCD lamp should be lit continuously—if synchronization with another unit

has been achieved

• The Remote radio(s) should be transmitting data (TXD) and receiving data

(RXD) with its associated station

LED Indicator Descriptions

LED Name Description

RXD (CR3)

Receive Data

Serial receive data activity. Payload data from con-

nected device.

TXD (CR4)

Transmit Data

Serial transmit data activity. Payload data to con-

nected device.

DCD (CR5)

Data Carrier Detect

Continuous—Radio is receiving/sending synchro-

nization frames

On within 10 seconds of power-up under normal

conditions

GP (CR6)

General Purpose • Continuous—Power is applied to the radio; no

problems detected

• Flashing (5 times-per-second)—Fault indication.

See “TROUBLESHOOTING” on Page 52

• Off—Radio is unpowered or in Sleep mode

QUICK START GUIDE

RXD

TXD

DCD

MDS 05-3946A01, Rev. A TransNET OEM Integration Guide i

CONTENTS

1.0 ABOUT THIS MANUAL..........................................................1

2.0 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION....................................................1

2.1 Transceiver Features .......................................................2

2.2 Model Conﬁguration Codes ............................................2

2.3 Spread Spectrum Transmission ......................................3

2.4 Typical Applications .........................................................3

Multiple Address Systems (MAS) ....................................3

Point-to-Point System ......................................................4

Tail-End Link to an Existing Network ...............................5

Store-and-Forward Repeater...........................................5

2.5 Transceiver Accessories .................................................6

3.0 BENCHTOP SETUP & EVALUATION....................................7

3.1 Evaluation Development Kit (P/N 03-4053A01) ..............7

Evaluation Board .............................................................8

Connecting the Eval. Board & Transceiver (Figure 8) ......9

3.2 Cable Connections for Benchtop Testing ........................10

Antenna Connection (J200 on the transceiver module)...10

Diagnostic Connection (J4)..............................................11

Data Connector (J5) ........................................................12

DC Power Connector (J3)................................................14

Jumper Block J1 (DC Power Conﬁguration) ....................15

3.3 Initial Power-Up & Conﬁguration .....................................15

Conﬁguration Settings .....................................................16

LED Indicators .................................................................17

4.0 EVALUATION BOARD DOCUMENTATION ...........................18

4.1 Assembly Drawing ..........................................................18

4.2 Parts List .........................................................................18

4.3 Evaluation Board Fuse Replacement .............................20

5.0 TRANSCEIVER MOUNTING .................................................21

ii TransNET OEM Integration Guide MDS 05-3946A01, Rev. A

5.1 Mounting Dimensions ..................................................... 21

5.2 Antennas & Feedlines .................................................... 21

Feedlines......................................................................... 22

6.0 OPTIMIZING PERFORMANCE............................................. 23

6.1 Antenna Aiming .............................................................. 23

6.2 Antenna SWR Check .....................................................23

6.3 Data Buffer Setting ......................................................... 23

6.4 Hoptime Setting .............................................................. 23

6.5 Operation at 115200 bps ................................................ 24

6.6 Baud Rate Setting .......................................................... 24

6.7 Radio Interference Checks ............................................. 24

6.8 RF Output Setting ........................................................... 24

7.0 OPERATING PRINCIPLES & SPECIAL

CONFIGURATIONS ...................................................................... 25

7.1 How Remotes Acquire Synchronization ......................... 25

7.2 Establishing a Tail-End Link ............................................ 25

7.3 Store & Forward (SAF) Operation with Extension Radios 26

Simple Extended SAF Network....................................... 26

Extended SAF Network................................................... 27

Retransmission and ARQ operation................................ 28

Synchronization in SAF Networks................................... 28

Conﬁguration Parameters for Store-and Forward Services29

7.4 Sleep Mode Operation (Remote units only) ................... 31

Sleep Mode Example...................................................... 32

8.0 DEALING WITH INTERFERENCE........................................ 32

9.0 PROGRAMMING REFERENCE ........................................... 34

9.1 Programming Methods ................................................... 34

Terminal Interface Mode.................................................. 34

PC-Based Conﬁguration Software .................................. 34

9.2 User Commands ............................................................34

Entering Commands ....................................................... 35

9.3 Detailed Command Descriptions .................................... 40

ADDR [1–65000] ............................................................. 40

AMASK [0000 0000–FFFF FFFF]................................... 41

MDS 05-3946A01, Rev. A TransNET OEM Integration Guide iii

ASENSE [HI/LO]..............................................................41

BAUD [xxxxx abc] ............................................................41

BUFF [ON, OFF]..............................................................41

CODE [NONE, 1…255] ...................................................42

CTS [0–255].....................................................................42

CTSHOLD [0–60000].......................................................43

DEVICE [DCE, CTS KEY] ..............................................43

DLINK [xxxxx/ON/OFF]....................................................43

DKEY...............................................................................44

DTYPE [NODE/ROOT] ....................................................44

FEC [ON, OFF]................................................................44

HOPTIME [7, 28] .............................................................44

INIT..................................................................................44

HREV...............................................................................45

KEY..................................................................................45

LEDS [ON, OFF]..............................................................45

MODE [M, R, X]...............................................................45

OWM [xxxxx]....................................................................45

OWN [xxxxx] ....................................................................45

PORT [RS232, RS485]....................................................45

PWR [20–30] ...................................................................46

REPEAT [0–10]................................................................47

RETRY [0–10]..................................................................47

RSSI ................................................................................47

RTU [ON, OFF, 0-80] .......................................................48

RX [xxxx]..........................................................................48

RXTOT [NONE, 0–1440] .................................................48

SAF [ON, OFF] ................................................................48

SETUP.............................................................................48

SER .................................................................................49

SHOW PWR ....................................................................49

SHOW SYNC...................................................................49

SKIP [NONE, 1...8] ..........................................................49

SLEEP [ON, OFF]............................................................50

SREV...............................................................................50

STAT ................................................................................50

TEMP...............................................................................50

TX [xxxx]..........................................................................50

UNIT [10000–65000] .......................................................50

iv TransNET OEM Integration Guide MDS 05-3946A01, Rev. A

XADDR [0–31]................................................................. 51

XMAP [00000000-FFFFFFFF] ........................................ 51

XPRI [0–31]..................................................................... 51

XRSSI [NONE, –40...–120] ............................................. 51

ZONE CLEAR ................................................................. 51

ZONE DATA..................................................................... 51

10.0 TROUBLESHOOTING......................................................... 52

10.1 Alarm Codes ................................................................. 53

Checking for Alarms—STAT command ........................... 53

Major Alarms vs. Minor Alarms ....................................... 53

Alarm Code Deﬁnitions ................................................... 53

10.2 LED Indicators .............................................................. 54

10.3 Troubleshooting Chart ..................................................54

10.4 Network-Wide Remote Diagnostics .............................. 55

11.0 FIRMWARE UPGRADES.................................................... 57

11.1 Obtaining new ﬁrmware ................................................ 57

Saving a Web-site ﬁrmware ﬁle to your PC..................... 57

11.2 Installing ﬁrmware in your radio .................................... 57

12.0 Security ............................................................................... 57

13.0 Product Speciﬁcations......................................................... 58

13.1 Detailed Pin Descriptions ............................................. 59

14.0 dBm-Watts-Volts Conversion Chart..................................... 66

To Our Customers

We appreciate your patronage. You are our business. We promise to serve and anticipate your

needs. We strive to give you solutions that are cost effective, innovative, reliable and of the

highest quality possible. We promise to build a relationship that is forthright and ethical, one that

builds confidence and trust.

right to correct any errors and omissions in this manual.

MDS 05-3946A01, Rev. A TransNET OEM Integration Guide v

RF Exposure Notice

FCC Part 15 Notice

This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device,

pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules.These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection

against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment. This

equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used

in accordance with the instruction manual, may cause harmful interference to radio

communications. Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful

interference in which case the user will be required to correct the interference at his own expense.

FCC Modular Approval Notice

This device is offered as an FCC Part 15 Unlicensed Modular Transmitter. This Modular Trans-

mitter is approved for use only with specific antenna, cable and output power configurations that

have been tested and approved by the manufacturer (Microwave Data Systems Inc.). Modifica-

tions to the radio, the antenna system, or power output, that have not been explicitly specified by

the manufacturer are not permitted, and may render the radio non-compliant with applicable reg-

ulatory authorities. Refer to Table 7 on Page 24 for more detailed information.

This device employs a unique connector at all connections between the module and the antenna,

including the cable. Consult MDS for approved antenna/cable assemblies in our product offering.

When this device is placed inside an enclosure, a durable label must be affixed to the outside of

that enclosure which includes this module’s FCC ID Number.

Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance

could void the user’s authority to operate the equipment.

ISO 9001 Registration

Microwave Data Systems adheres to the internationally-accepted ISO 9001 quality system stan-

dard.

Manual Revision and Accuracy

While every reasonable effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of this manual, product

improvements may result in minor differences between the manual and the product shipped to

you. If you have additional questions or need an exact specification for a product, please contact

our Customer Service Team using the information at the back of this guide. In addition, manual

updates can often be found on the MDS Web site at www.microwavedata.com.

The radio equipment described in this guide emits radio frequency energy. Although

the power level is low, the concentrated energy from a directional antenna may pose

a health hazard.

All antenna(s) used with this transmitter, whether indoor or

outdoor mounted, must be installed to provide a separation distance of at

least 23 cm (9 inches) from all persons, and must not be co-located or oper-

ating in conjunction with any other antenna or transmitter.

In mobile applications (vehicle mounted) the above separation distance must be

maintained at all times. More information on RF exposure is available on the Internet

at www.fcc.gov/oet/info/documents/bulletins.

RF EXPOSURE

vi TransNET OEM Integration Guide MDS 05-3946A01, Rev. A

MDS 05-3946A01, Rev. A TransNET OEM Integration Guide 1

1.0 ABOUT THIS MANUAL

This manual is intended to guide technical personnel in the integration of

MDS TransNET OEM™ transceivers into existing electronic equipment. The

OEM transceiver is designed for use inside Remote Terminal Units (RTUs),

Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs) and other equipment associated

with remote data collection, telemetry and control.

The manual provides instructions for interface connections, hardware

mounting, and programming commands. Following integration of the

transceiver, it is recommended that a copy of this manual be retained for

future reference by technical personnel.

2.0 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION

The OEM transceiver, (Figure 1), is a compact, spread spectrum wireless

module designed for license-free operation in the 902-928 MHz frequency

range. It is contained on one double-sided circuit board with all necessary

components and RF shielding included. It need only be protected from direct

exposure to the weather and is designed for rugged service in extreme

temperature environments. The transceiver has full over-the-air compatibility

with standard (non-OEM) TransNET 900

transceivers manufactured by

MDS.

All transceiver programming is performed via a connected PC terminal. No

jumper settings or manual adjustments are used to configure the transceiver

for operation.

Invisible place holder

Figure 1. TransNET OEM™ Transceiver

The transceiver employs Digital Signal Processing (DSP) technology for

highly reliable data communications, even in the presence of weak or

interfering signals. DSP techniques also make it possible to obtain

information about the radio’s operation and troubleshoot problems, often

eliminating the need for site visits.

Using appropriate software at the master station, diagnostic data can be

retrieved for any radio in the system, even while payload data is being

transmitted. (See “Network-Wide Remote Diagnostics” on Page 55.)

2 TransNET OEM Integration Guide MDS 05-3946A01, Rev. A

2.1 Transceiver Features

The OEM transceiver is designed for easy installation and flexibility in a wide

range of wireless applications. Listed below are several key features of the

transceiver which are described in more detail later in this guide.

• 128 frequencies over 902–928 MHz, subdivided into eight frequency

zones

• Configurable operating zones to omit frequencies with constant

interference

• 65,000 available network addresses to enhance communications

security

• Network-wide configuration from the master station; eliminates most

trips to remote sites

• Data transparency–ensures compatibility with virtually all

asynchronous data terminals

• Peak-hold RSSI, averaged over eight hop cycles

• Operation at up to 115,200 bps continuous data flow

• Store-and-Forward repeater operation

• Data latency typically less than 10 ms

• Same hardware for master or remote configuration

• Supports RS/EIA-232 or RS/EIA-485 interfaces (factory configured)

• Low current consumption—nominal 8 mA in “sleep” mode. Ideal for

solar/battery powered applications.

NOTE:

Some features may not be available on all units, based on the options pur-

chased and the regulatory constraints for the region in which the radio will op-

erate.

2.2 Model Configuration Codes

The model number code is printed on the radio module, and provides key

information about how it was configured when it left the factory. See Figure 2

for an explanation of the model number codes. (Note: This information is

subject to change and should not be used for ordering additional products.

Your factory representative can assist you with product ordering.)

MDS 05-3946A01, Rev. A TransNET OEM Integration Guide 3

Figure 2. Model Number Configuration Codes

2.3 Spread Spectrum Transmission

The transceiver “hops” from channel to channel many times per second using

a specific hop pattern applied to all radios in the network. A distinct hopping

pattern is provided for each of the 65,000 available network addresses,

thereby minimizing the chance of interference with other spread spectrum

systems.

In the USA, and certain other countries, no license is required to install and

operate this type of radio device, provided RF power and antenna gain

restrictions are observed. In the USA and Canada, a maximum of 36 dBm

Effective Isotropic Radiated Power (EIRP) is allowed. The factory offers a set

of approved antennas with special connectors for this radio. Substitutions that

would void the compliance of the device are not permitted.

2.4 Typical Applications

Multiple Address Systems (MAS)

This is the most common application of the transceiver. It consists of a central

control station (master) and two or more associated remote units, as shown in

Figure 3. This type of network provides communications between a central

host computer and remote terminal units (RTUs) or other data collection

devices. The operation of the radio system is transparent to the computer

equipment. This application provides a practical alternative to traditional

(licensed) MAS radio systems.

BAND

(9) 900 MHz

ENCLOSURE

(0) Modular-no enclosure

AGENCY

(N) None

(F) FCC/IC

SAFETY CERT.

(N) N/A

RESERVED

(N) None

OPERATION

(X) Remote/Master

EL806

INTERFACE SIGNALING & INPUT POWER OPTIONS

(0) Payload RS-232/485; Diagnostics RS-232; DC Input +3.3 Vdc

(1) Payload TTL; Diagnostic RS-232; DC Input +3.3 Vdc

(2) Payload TTL; Diagnostic TTL; DC Input 3.3 Vdc

(3) Payload RS-232/485; Diagnostic RS-232; DC Input +5-25 Vdc

(4) Payload TTL; Diagnostic RS-232; Input +5-25 Vdc

(5) Payload TTL, Diagnostic TTL; DC Input +5-25 Vdc

RESERVED

(N) None

DIAGNOSTICS

(N) None

(W) Network-wide

SPARE

(N) None

09N

INTERFACE MODE

(0) EIA/RS-232

(1) EIA/RS-485

(2) TTL

4 TransNET OEM Integration Guide MDS 05-3946A01, Rev. A

Invisible place holder

Figure 3. Typical MAS Network

Point-to-Point System

A point-to-point configuration (Figure 4) is a simple arrangement consisting

of just two radios—a master and a remote. This provides a half-duplex

communications link for the transfer of data between two locations.

Invisible place holder

Figure 4. Typical Point-to-Point Link

MASTER SITE

DATA

TRANSCEIVER

RTU/PLC WITH

TRANSCEIVER

INSTALLED

RTU/PLC WITH

TRANSCEIVER

INSTALLED

RTU/PLC WITH

TRANSCEIVER

INSTALLED

RTU/PLC WITH

TRANSCEIVER

INSTALLED

Master Site Remote Site

Host System

DATA

TRANSCEIVER DATA

TRANSCEIVER

MDS 05-3946A01, Rev. A TransNET OEM Integration Guide 5

Tail-End Link to an Existing Network

A tail-end link is often used to extend the range of a traditional (licensed)

MAS system without adding another licensed radio. This might be required

if an outlying site is blocked from the MAS master station by a natural or

man-made obstruction. In this arrangement, a spread spectrum transceiver

links the outlying remote site into the rest of the system by sending data from

that site to an associated transceiver installed at one of the licensed remote

sites—usually the one closest to the outlying facility. (See Figure 5).

As the data from the outlying site is received at the associated transceiver, it

is transferred to the co-located licensed radio (via a data crossover cable) and

is transmitted to the MAS master station over the licensed channel.

Additional details for tail-end links are given in Section 7.2 (Page 25).

Invisible place holder

Figure 5. Typical Tail-End Link Arrangement

Store-and-Forward Repeater

Similar to a Tail-End Link, Store-and-Forward (SAF) offers a way to

physically extend the range of a network, but in a simplified and economical

manner. SAF operates by storing up the data received from one site, and then

retransmitting it a short time later. Figure 6 shows a typical SAF repeater

arrangement.

SAF operates by dividing a network into a vertical hierarchy of two or more

sub-networks. Extension radios (designated as

MODE X

) serve as single-radio

repeaters that link adjacent sub-networks, and move data from one

sub-network to the next. Additional information on SAF mode is provided in

“Store & Forward (SAF) Operation with Extension Radios” on Page 26.

REPEATER STATION

Remote Radio

ENTER

ESCAPE

ACTIVE

STBYALARMRX ALRTX ALR

STBYALARMRX ALRTX ALRLINE

LINE

Null-Modem Cable

Remote

Radio

Remote

Radio

Master Station

SPREAD SPECTRUM LINK

TO OUTLYING SITE

OUTLYING

REMOTE SITE

MAS SYSTEM (LICENSED OR UNLICENSED) LICENSE-FREE SPREAD SPECTRUM SYSTEM

RTU RTU

RTU

DATA

TRANSCEIVER

DATA

TRANSCEIVER

6 TransNET OEM Integration Guide MDS 05-3946A01, Rev. A

Invisible place holder

Figure 6. Store-and-Forward Repeater Network

2.5 Transceiver Accessories

One or more of the accessories listed in Table 1 may be used with the OEM

transceiver. Contact your factory representative for availability and ordering

details.

Table 1. OEM Transceiver Accessories

Accessory Description Part No.

AC Power Adapt-

er Small power supply designed for continuous op-

eration of the transceiver. UL approved. Input:

120/220; Output: 12 Vdc.

01-3862A02

TransNET Sup-

port Package CD Programming, diagnostic and support files on a

CD ROM. Includes electronic copy of this guide

(PDF format).

03-2708A01

TNC Male-to-N

Male Coax Cable

Assy.

3 ft/1 meter shielded antenna cable 97-1677A159

TNC Male-to-N

Male Coax Cable

Assy.

6 ft/1.8 meter shielded antenna cable 97-1677A160

TNC male-to-N

Female Adapter One-piece RF adaptor plug 97-1677A161

RJ-11-to-DB9

Adapter Cable Short cable assembly that converts RJ-11 to

DB9 connector type 03-3246A01

Fuse (for Evalua-

tion Board) 2A SMF Slo-Blo (plugs into FH1 on Evaluation

Board) 29-1784A03

InSite Diagnostic

Software PC-based diagnostic software for MDS radios.

Supplied on CD. 03-3533A01

Omnidirectional

Antennas Rugged antennas suitable for use at Master

stations. Various

Programmed as

MODE X

STORE & FORWARD REPEATER STATION

SPREAD SPECTRUM LINK

TO OUTLYING SITE

OUTLYING

REMOTE SITE

Programmed as

MODE M

Programmed as

MODE R

Programmed as

MODE R

Programmed as

MODE R

RTU RTU RTU

RTU

DATA

TRANSCEIVER

DATA

TRANSCEIVER

DATA

TRANSCEIVER

DATA

TRANSCEIVER DATA

TRANSCEIVER

MDS 05-3946A01, Rev. A TransNET OEM Integration Guide 7

3.0 BENCHTOP SETUP & EVALUATION

As an Integrator, your first task is to verify that the OEM module will function

as intended with the host equipment. This section describes how to test the

unit for operation with host devices such as RTUs, PLCs and similar gear. It

covers the steps for making interface connections, powering up the

transceiver, and setting configuration parameters using a connected PC.

Evaluation of the module is best performed in a controlled environment, such

as a shop or lab facility where you can readily test various hardware and

programming configurations and observe the effects of these changes before

final installation.

Once you are satisfied that the transceiver module operates properly on the

bench, you can plan the installation of the module inside the host device and

be assured of proper operation in the field.

3.1 Evaluation Development Kit (P/N 03-4053A01)

The Evaluation Development Kit is designed to assist integrators who will be

working with the transceiver in a benchtop setting. The kit contains the

following:

• Two OEM Transceiver modules (configured for TTL, or RS-232/485

operation, as requested)

• Two Evaluation Development boards (P/N 03-4051A01)

• Interface Cables

• Two whip antennas

• Two 12 Vdc power supplies

• TransNET Support CD containing software for programming &

diagnostics

Yagi Antenna Rugged directional antennas suitable for use at

Remote stations. Various

Whip Antennas Short, flexible antennas suitable for short-range

applications. Available with and without coaxial

feedlines.

Various

Bandpass Filter Antenna system filter to aid in eliminating inter-

ference from high power transmitters, such as

those used in paging systems.

20-2822A01

Evaluation Devel-

opment Kit Kit containing two OEM Transceiver modules,

whip antennas, two Evaluation Boards, support

software on CD, cables, power supplies and oth-

er accessories needed to operate the transceiv-

er in a benchtop setting.

32-4051A01

Table 1. OEM Transceiver Accessories

(Continued)

8 TransNET OEM Integration Guide MDS 05-3946A01, Rev. A

Evaluation Board

A key part of the Evaluation Development Kit is the Evaluation Board shown

in Figure 7. It contains a 16-pin header connector (J2) that mates with female

connector J3 the OEM transceiver board. It carries all signals (except RF)

onto the Evaluation Board. Table 2 lists the basic pin functions of J2. For

more detailed pinout information, including the differences between TTL and

RS-232/485 configured radios, refer to Section 13.1 on Page 59.

The Evaluation Board provides convenient connection points for diagnostics,

payload data, and DC power. Each of these connectors are discussed in this

section. The board also includes a series of test probe points to the left of J2.

These may be used for monitoring logic signal activity with a multimeter or

oscilloscope. The probe points are identified by printed markings on the

board.

The transceiver board’s RF/Antenna connection is

not

brought onto the

Evaluation Board by the 16-pin header. The antenna connection is always

made at J200 on the transceiver module using a male MMCX-type connector.

Figure 7. OEM Evaluation Board (P/N 03-4051A01)

Table 2. Basic Pin Functions of J2 (16-Pin Header Connector)

Pin No. Pin Function

1 Ground

2 Diagnostic TXD

3 Alarm Condition

4 Diagnostic RXD

TEST PROBE

POINTS

DIAGNOSTIC

COMMUNICATIONS

(RJ-11) DATA CONNECTOR

(DB-9)

DC POWER

(5-25 VDC)

STANDOFF SPACERS (4) 16-PIN HEADER

JUMPER BLOCK

MDS 05-3946A01, Rev. A TransNET OEM Integration Guide 9

Connecting the Evaluation Board & Transceiver (Figure 8)

To connect the Evaluation Board to the radio, carefully align the pins of the

16-pin header with J3 on the transceiver module and press down firmly. The

radio PC board should seat solidly on the four standoff spacers. Use nuts to

secure the board to the standoffs.

Invisible place holder

Figure 8. Connecting the Evaluation Board and Transceiver Together

CAUTION:

Take care to avoid short-circuiting the underside of the Evaluation PC

board. The bottom of the board is

not

insulated, and contact with metallic

objects on the work surface could cause damage to the board or connect-

ed equipment.

5 DC Input

6 Sleep Mode Input

7 Data Carrier Detect (DCD)

8 Power Supply Shutdown Control

9 Reserved—Do not connect.

10 Transmitted Payload Data (TXD)

11 DC Input

12 Request to Send (RTS)

13 Reserved—Do not connect.

14 Received Payload Data (RXD)

15 Ground

16 Clear to Send (CTS)

Table 2. Basic Pin Functions of J2 (16-Pin Header Connector)

10 TransNET OEM Integration Guide MDS 05-3946A01, Rev. A

3.2 Cable Connections for Benchtop Testing

There are four basic requirements for operating the transceiver and evaluation

board in a benchtop test environment. They are:

• Adequate and stable primary power

• A proper antenna system or RF load (50 Ohms)

• The correct interface wiring between the transceiver and the connected

DTE device (RTU, PLC, etc.)

• A connected PC terminal to read/set transceiver parameters.

Figure 9 shows a typical setup for bench testing an OEM Transceiver. Two

such setups will be required if you intend to establish over-the-air

communications with another OEM transceiver.

Invisible place holder

Figure 9. Typical Test Setup

Antenna Connection (J200 on the transceiver module)

The Antenna connector is located at the upper left corner of the transceiver

module and is a female MMCX-type coaxial connector. Connect an antenna

or other suitable RF load to this connector. Only approved antenna/cable

assemblies may be used with the radio

OEM Transceiver

and Evaluation Board

ANTENNA

(OR 50-OHM RF LOAD)

PC TERMINAL

DATA TERMINAL

EQUIPMENT

Power Supply

13.6 VDC @

500 mA (min.)

MDS 05-3946A01, Rev. A TransNET OEM Integration Guide 11

Do not apply DC power to the transceiver without ﬁrst

attaching a proper RF load, or the transceiver may be

damaged.

Diagnostic Connection (J4)

J4 is an RJ-11-6 modular connector used to connect the evaluation

board/transceiver to a PC terminal for programming and interrogation. An

RJ-11 to DB-9 Adapter Cable (Part No. 03-3246A01) is required for this

connection. If desired, an cable may be constructed for this purpose as shown

in Figure 10. Only Pins 4, 5, and 6 of the RJ-11 connector should be used.

Pins 1, 2, and 3 are reserved for factory test purposes.)

The data parameters of the diagnostics port are as follows: 8 data bits, 1 stop

bit, and no parity. It automatically configures itself to function at 1200, 2400,

4800, 9600, 19200, 38400, 57600, and 115200 bps, as required.

Invisible place holder

Figure 10. RJ-11 to DB-9 Diagnostic Cable—Wiring Details

(A pre-constructed cable is also available, Part No. 03-3246A01)

Diagnostic Communication Modes

Two methods may be used to communicate with the radio’s diagnostic port:

•

Terminal Interface

—The PC is used in its basic terminal emulation

mode, (i.e., HyperTerminal session) and commands are issued as simple

text strings.

•

Radio Configuration Software

—Proprietary software from MDS that

runs under the Windows operating system. It provides a graphical user

interface with “point and click” functionality. The program is included

on the

TransNET Support Package

CD shipped with every radio order.

Both of these control methods are described in more detail in the section titled

“PROGRAMMING REFERENCE” on Page 34. This section also includes a

chart listing all commands for the OEM transceiver.

CAUTION

POSSIBLE

EQUIPMENT

DAMAGE

RXD

TXD

GND

DB-9 FEMALE

(TO COMPUTER)

TXD

RXD

GND

RJ-11 PLUG

(TO TRANSCEIVER)

RJ-11 PIN LAYOUT

12 TransNET OEM Integration Guide MDS 05-3946A01, Rev. A

Data Connector (J5)

J5 on the Evaluation Board (Figure 11) is the data interface for the

transceiver. It is used to connect the transceiver to an external DTE terminal

that supports the EIA/RS-232 or EIA/RS-485 format, depending on how the

radio hardware was configured at the factory. The data connector supports

interface data rates of 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, 19200, 38400, 57600, and

115200 bps (asynchronous only). The connector mates with a standard DB-9

plug available from many electronics parts suppliers.

Data Wiring Connections

The connections made to J5 will depend on the requirements of the DTE

device being used with the transceiver, and the operating functions that you

require. Only the required pins for the application should be used. Do not use

a straight through “computer” type cable that is wired pin-for-pin.

Typical RS/EIA-232 applications require the use of Pin 2 (receive

data—RXD) and Pin 3 (transmit data—TXD). Additionally, some systems

may require the use of Pin 7 (Request-to-send—RTS). If hardware flow

control is desired, Pin 7 (RTS) and Pin 8 (CTS) may also need connection.

Table 3 gives pin details for radios configured for RS/EIA-232 service.

Table 4 gives details for radios configured for RS/EIA-485 service.

NOTE:

Radios equipped with a payload TTL interface are presented as RS-232 mode

from the Evaluation Board.

Figure 11

DATA Connector (DB-9F)

As viewed from outside the device

MDS 05-3946A01, Rev. A TransNET OEM Integration Guide 13

Pin Descriptions—RS/EIA-232 Mode

Table 3 lists the

DATA

connector pin functions for radios configured to

operate in RS/EIA-232 mode.

Pin Descriptions—RS/EIA-422/485 Mode

Table 4 on the following page lists the

DATA

connector pin functions for

radios configured to operate in RS/EIA-422/485 mode. See Figure 12 for

wiring schemes.

NOTE:

Radios equipped with a payload RS-232/485 interface can select

PORT RS485

for RS/EIA-485 mode.

Table 3. J5 DATA Connector Pinouts—RS/EIA-232

Number Input/

Output Pin Description

1 OUT

Data Carrier Detect (DCD)—

A low indicates hopping syn-

chronization has been achieved.

2 OUT

Received Data (RXD)—

Supplies received payload data to

the connected device.

3IN

Transmitted Data (TXD)—

Accepts payload data from the

connected device.

4IN

Sleep Mode Input—

A ground on this pin turns off most cir-

cuits in a remote radio. This allows for greatly reduced pow-

er consumption, yet preserves the radio’s ability to be

brought quickly back on line. See “Sleep Mode Operation

(Remote units only)” on Page 31 for details.

5IN

Ground—

Connects to ground (negative supply potential).

6 OUT

Alarm condition—

A low indicates normal operation. A high

indicates an alarm. (See ASENSE [HI/LO] command for

more information.)

7IN

Request to Send (RTS)—

A high causes CTS to follow after

the programmed CTS delay time has elapsed (DCE).

8 OUT

Clear to Send (CTS)—

Goes high after the programmed

CTS delay time has elapsed (DCE), or keys an attached ra-

dio when RF data arrives (CTS KEY).

9 -- Reserved—Do not connect.

14 TransNET OEM Integration Guide MDS 05-3946A01, Rev. A

Table 4 Notes:

•RXD+/RXA and RXD–/RXB are data sent into the radio to be transmitted out

•RXD+/RXA is positive with respect to RXD–/RXB when the line input is a “0”

•TXD+/TXA and TXD–/TXB are data received by the radio and sent to the connected

device

•TXD+/TXA is positive with respect to TXD–/TXB when the line output is a “0”

Invisible place holder

Figure 12

EIA-422/485 Wiring Schemes

(Left: EIA-422, Right: EIA-485)

DC Power Connector (J3)

This connector accepts 12 Vdc operating power for the transceiver. A

wall-style AC adapter (Part No. 01-3862A02) is recommended for this

service.

DC connection is made with a 2-pin polarized plug, MDS Part No.

73-1194A39. Be sure to observe proper polarity.

The left terminal is

positive (+) and the right is negative (-)

. (See Figure 13).

Table 4. DATA connector pin descriptions—RS/EIA-485 Mode

Number Input/

Output Pin Description

1—Reserved—Do not connect.

2 OUT

TXD+/TXA (Received Data +)—

Non-inverting driver output.

3IN

RXD+/RXA (Transmitted Data +)—

Non-inverting receiver

input.

4IN

Sleep Mode Input—

A ground on this pin turns off most cir-

cuits in a remote radio. This allows for greatly reduced power

consumption, yet preserves the radio’s ability to be brought

quickly back on line. See “Sleep Mode Operation (Remote

units only)” on Page 31 for details.

5IN

Ground—

Connects to ground (negative supply potential).

6 -- Reserved—Do not connect.

7IN

RXD–/RXB (Transmitted Data –) —

Inverting receiver input.

8 OUT

TXD–/TXB (Received Data –) —

Inverting driver output.

9 -- Reserved—Do not connect.

TXD +

RXD +

DATA CONNECTOR

RXD –

TXD –

4-WIRE CONNECTIONS

RXD+/TXD+

DATA CONNECTOR

2-WIRE CONNECTIONS

RXD–/TXD–

MDS 05-3946A01, Rev. A TransNET OEM Integration Guide 15

The transceiver must be used only with negative-ground

systems. Make certain that the polarity of the power

source is correct.

Invisible place holder

Figure 13. DC Power Connector (P/N 73-1194A39)

NOTE:

Although the power connector used on the OEM Evaluation Board

resembles those used by some earlier MDS transceivers, such as the MDS

9810 and x710 family, the connectors are

not

equal and the use of the wrong

plug will provide unreliable connections. Only the power connector shown in

Figure 13 with screw terminals and two retainer screws should be used with

the OEM Evaluation Board.

Jumper Block J1 (DC Power Configuration)

Jumper J1 does not normally require any change by the user.

The jumper is

used to configure the board for the proper voltage level applied to the

transceiver module.

Both

jumper plugs are normally installed on J1. The plug connecting Pins 3

and 4 may be temporarily removed to insert an ammeter in series with the DC

power line going to the transceiver. This provides a convenient way to

measure the transceiver’s current draw during bench testing.

3.3 Initial Power-Up & Configuration

When all of the cable connections described in Section 3.2 have been made,

the transceiver is ready for initial power-up. Operation begins as soon as

power is applied, and there are no manual adjustments or settings required.

To place the transceiver into operation:

1. Ensure that all cable connections are properly wired and secure. Verify

that no metallic objects are touching the underside of the evaluation board

which might cause a short-circuit.

2. Apply DC power. The

indicator (CR6) on the transceiver board

should light continuously.

CAUTION

POSSIBLE

EQUIPMENT

DAMAGE

Lead

Screws (2)

Binding

Wire Ports (2)

(Polarity: Left +, Right –)

Retaining

Screws (2)

16 TransNET OEM Integration Guide MDS 05-3946A01, Rev. A

3. Using a connected PC terminal, conﬁgure the unit with the proper mode

(master or remote), network address and data parameters. See

Configuration Settings

below for programming details.

4. Observe the transceiver’s LED indicators for proper operation. Table 5 on

Page 17 shows the functions and normal indications of the LEDs.

5. Verify that the transceiver is transmitting and receiving data (TXD, RXD)

in response to the master station and/or connected terminal device.

Configuration Settings

This section explains how to set the essential operating parameters of the

transceiver. For more information on connecting a PC terminal and preparing

it for use, refer to Section see “PROGRAMMING REFERENCE” on Page

34.

The three essential settings for the transceiver are as follows:

Mode—

Master, Remote, or Extension

Network Address—

a unique number from 1–65000

Data Interface Parameters—

bps, data bits, parity, stop bits

Follow these steps to program the transceiver:

1. Set the Mode using the

MODE M

(Master), MODE R (Remote), or MODE X

(Extension) command. (Note: There can be only one master radio in a

system.)

For Extension (SAF) radios only: If any MODE X radios are used in the

network, SAF must be turned on at the Master station. The MODE X radio

must be programmed with an Extended Address (XADDR). Units that

need to hear the MODE X radio must be programmed with an appropriate

XPRI and/or XMAP value. (See “Simple Extended SAF Network” on

Page 26 for more information.)

2. Set a unique Network Address (1–65000) using ADDR command. Each

radio in the system must have the same network address. Tip: Use the last

four digits of the master station’s serial number to help avoid conﬂicts

with other users.

3. Set the baud rate/data interface parameters. Default setting is 9600 bps, 8

data bits, no parity, 1 stop bit. If changes are required, use the BAUD xxxxx

abc command where xxxxx equals the data speed (1200–115200 bps) and

abc equals the communication parameters as follows:

a = Data bits (7 or 8)

b = Parity (N for None, O for Odd, E for Even)

c = Stop bits (1 or 2)

NOTE: 7N1, 8E2 and 8O2 are invalid interface parameters.

MDS 05-3946A01, Rev. A TransNET OEM Integration Guide 17

RXD

TXD

DCD

Configuring Multiple Remote Units

In most installations, the Remote radios will be programmed with virtually

the same set of parameters. This process can be streamlined by testing key

pieces of equipment—such as the Master, Remote, and any Extensions—on

a benchtop setup prior to installation. This allows you to test various

configurations in a controlled environment.

Once the evaluation network is working satisfactorily, you can save the

configuration of each unit in a data file on your PC’s hard drive through the

use of TransNET Configuration Software. You can then open the Remote

configuration file and install it in the next Remote radio. The software

prevents you from overwriting unit or other mode-specific parameters.

LED Indicators

The LED indicators are located to the right of the transceiver’s shield cover

(near J3) and show important information about status of the module. The

functions of LEDs are explained in Table 5 below.

NOTE: For the LEDs to function, they must be enabled using the LEDS ON command.

Within 16 seconds of power-up, the following indications will be seen if the

unit has been properly configured and is communicating with another

transceiver:

•GP lamp lit continuously

•DCD lamp lit continuously (if unit is synchronized with another station)

• Remote radio(s) transmitting data (TXD) and receiving data (RXD) with

another station.

Table 5. LED indicator descriptions

LED Name Description

RXD (CR3)

Receive Data

Serial receive data activity. Payload data from con-

nected device.

TXD (CR4)

Transmit Data

Serial transmit data activity. Payload data to con-

nected device.

DCD (CR5)

Data Carrier Detect

Continuous—Radio is receiving/sending synchro-

nization frames

On within 10 seconds of power-up under normal

conditions

GP (CR6)

General Purpose •Continuous—Power is applied to the radio; no

problems detected

•Flashing (5 times-per-second)—Fault indication.

See “TROUBLESHOOTING” on Page 52

•Off—Radio is unpowered or in Sleep mode

18 TransNET OEM Integration Guide MDS 05-3946A01, Rev. A

4.0 EVALUATION BOARD DOCUMENTATION

This section contains an assembly drawing and parts list for the OEM

Evaluation Board. Also, a foldout schematic diagram of the Board is included

at the back of this manual. This documentation is provided to assist

integrators who need to create compatible interface circuitry between the

OEM transceiver and host equipment.

NOTE: The foldout schematic may also be accessed from the TransNET Support

Package CD, or from our website at: www.microwavedata.com.

4.1 Assembly Drawing

Invisible place holder

Figure 14. Evaluation Board Assembly Diagram

4.2 Parts List

Table 6 lists the electronic components used on the Evaluation Board.

Table 6. OEM Evaluation Board Parts List

Ref. Desig. Part Description

CR1 DIODE, SOT23 SMALL SIG 914 5D

CR4 CR5 CR6 RECTIFIER, 30V B13

CR2 CR3 DIODE, SCHOTTKY POWER, SMT, SNGL, UPS840

Q1 Q2 TRANSISTOR, SOT23 NPN 6429 M1LR

R10

C26

C20

C18

C19

TXD

GND

R11

CR1

C23

C24

C10

C30

CTS

REG_PWR

C13

ALARM

C29

C11

C31 C6

CR2

C16

5U4

51U5

R12

RTS K2

CR4

CR5

R15

C21

C17

R13

C14

C12

DIAG_RXD

DIAG_TXD

GND

SLEEP

CR3

FH1

EQ2

R14

C15

C22 C25

RXD

UNREG_PWR

SHUTDN

DCD

LED

CR6

16 15

MDS 05-3946A01, Rev. A TransNET OEM Integration Guide 19

U4 U5 IC, LINEAR SC70-5 COMPARATOR SNGLE LMV33

U1 IC, IN'FACE SSOP28 RS-232 TXVR SP3238E

U3 IC, IN'FCE 20PIN TSSOP DRIVER SP3222

U2 IC, SWITCHING REG'R ADJ.4.5A LT1374HVIR

K1 K2 K3 RELAY, DPDT

R10 RESISTOR, CHIP 0603 1/16W 5% 2.2K

R4 R5 R13 R14 RESISTOR, CHIP 0603 1/10W 1% 10K

R12 RESISTOR, CHIP O603 1/10W 1% 100K

R7 R9 RESISTOR, CHIP 0603 1/10W 1% 1.5K

R11 RESISTOR, CHIP O603 1/10W 1% 1.82K

R3 RESISTOR, CHIP 0603 1/10W 1% 22.6K

R15 RESISTOR, CHIP O603 1/10W 1% 31.6K

R8 RESISTOR, CHIP 0603 1/10W 1% 470 OHM

R6 RESISTOR, CHIP O603 1/10W 1% 6.81K

C12 CAP, TANT 7343 20% 10V 100uf

C6 C7 C9 C10

C11 C29 C31 CAP, CHIP 0603 50V NPO 5% 100pf

C1 C2 C3 C4 C5

C17 C18 C19

C20 C21 C22

C23 C24 C25

C26 C8

CAP, CHIP 0603 X7R 10% 0.1uF

C13 CAP, CHIP 0603 X7R 10% 470 pf

C14 CAP, CHIP 0603 X7R 10% 4700pF

C15 Capacitor, Low ESR Chip Ceramic, 1210 22uF

C16 Capacitor, Low ESR Chip Ceramic, 1210 4.7

L1 INDUCTOR, SWITCHING, 20%, 10uH

J1 CONN, HEADER, .100 DUAL STR 4-PIN

P/O J1 1-2, P/O

J1 3-4

CONN, JUMPER

FH1 FUSE HOLDER, PCB SMT W/2A SLO-BLO FUSE

Table 6. OEM Evaluation Board Parts List (Continued)

20 TransNET OEM Integration Guide MDS 05-3946A01, Rev. A

4.3 Evaluation Board Fuse Replacement

The Evaluation Board is protected by a 2 ampere fuse. The fuse can be blown

by an over-current condition caused by an internal failure or over-voltage.

Follow the procedure below to remove and replace the fuse:

1. Disconnect the primary power cable and all other connections to the

Evaluation Board.

2. Locate the fuse holder assembly, FH1, behind the green power connector,

J3.

3. Loosen the fuse from the holder using a very small screwdriver, then use

a small pair of needle-nose pliers to pull the fuse straight up and out of

the holder.

4. Use an ohmmeter or other continuity tester to verify that the fuse is open.

5. Install a new fuse in the holder. Replacement fuse information: Littelfuse

#0454002; 452 Series, 2 Amp SMF Slo-Blo fuse (MDS Part No.

29-1784A03).

J2 CONN, HEADER, PC MOUNT .078, DUAL, 16 PIN

Samtec TW Series, Part No: ASP 103812-01

(Mates with J3 on the OEM radio transceiver)

J3 CONN, TERM STRIP, 5MM PCB

J4 CONN, TELE JACK 6POS 6CON RT A SMT W/F

J5 CONN, D-SUB, PCB RCPT 90 DEGREE, 9 PIN

Table 6. OEM Evaluation Board Parts List (Continued)

MDS 05-3946A01, Rev. A TransNET OEM Integration Guide 21

5.0 TRANSCEIVER MOUNTING

This section provides details for mounting the OEM transceiver in a host

device. The module need only be protected from direct exposure to the

weather. No additional RF shielding is required.

5.1 Mounting Dimensions

Figure 15 shows the dimensions of the transceiver board and its mounting

holes. If possible, choose a mounting location that provides an unobstructed

view of the radio’s LED status indicators when viewing the board from

outside the host device.

Mount the transceiver module to a stable surface using the four mounting

holes at the corners of the PC board. Standoff spacers should be used to

maintain adequate clearance between the bottom of the circuit board and the

mounting surface. (Fasteners/anchors are not normally supplied.)

Figure 15. Transceiver Mounting Dimensions

5.2 Antennas & Feedlines

A number of omnidirectional and directional antennas are available for use

with the radio. Contact your factory representative for specific

recommendations on antenna types and hardware sources. In general, an

omnidirectional antenna (Figure 16) is used at master station sites in order to

provide equal coverage to all of the remote units.

3.11”

(7.9 cm)

1.49˝

(3.8 cm)

0.63”

(16 mm)

1.81˝

(46 mm)

3.45”

(87.5 mm)

Top View

Side View

22 TransNET OEM Integration Guide MDS 05-3946A01, Rev. A

At remote sites and in many point-to-point systems, a directional Yagi

antenna (Figure 17) is generally recommended to minimize interference to

and from other users and to maximize range.

For systems operating in a very short range environment, small, flexible whip

antennas may also be supplied. Such antennas are available for direct

connection to the transceiver module, or for exterior mounting with various

lengths of feedline.

Invisible place holder

Figure 17. Typical Yagi Antenna (shown mounted to mast)

Feedlines

The feedline supplied with the antenna was carefully selected to minimize RF

loss and ensure regulatory compliance with the antenna being used. Do not

make substitutions or change the lengths of the antenna system feedline. If

you require a different length of feedline for your installation, contact your

factory representative for assistance.

NOTE: Strong fields near the antenna can interfere with the operation of the low level

RTU circuits and change the reported values of the data being monitored. If in-

terference is experienced, it may be necessary to re-orient the antenna with re-

spect to the radio, RTU, sensors or other components of the system.

Figure 16.

Omnidirectional Antenna

(shown mounted to mast)

MDS 05-3946A01, Rev. A TransNET OEM Integration Guide 23

6.0 OPTIMIZING PERFORMANCE

After the basic operation of the radio has been checked, you may wish to

optimize its performance using some of the suggestions given here. The

effectiveness of these techniques will vary with the design of your system and

the format of the data being sent.

Complete instructions for using the commands referenced in this manual are

provided in “PROGRAMMING REFERENCE” on Page 34.

6.1 Antenna Aiming

For optimum performance of directional antennas (yagis), they must be

accurately aimed in the direction of desired transmission. The easiest way to

do this is to point the antenna in the approximate direction, then use the

remote radio’s RSSI command (Received Signal Strength Indicator) to further

refine the heading for maximum received signal strength.

In an MAS system, RSSI readings are only meaningful when initiated from a

remote station. This is because the master station typically receives signals

from several remote sites, and the RSSI would be continually changing as the

master receives from each remote in turn.

6.2 Antenna SWR Check

It is necessary to briefly key the transmitter for this check by placing the radio

in the SETUP mode (Page 48) and using the KEY command. (To unkey the

radio, enter DKEY; to disable the SETUP mode and return the radio to normal

operation, enter Q or QUIT.)

The SWR of the antenna system should be checked before the radio is put into

regular service. For accurate readings, a wattmeter suited for 1000 MHz is

required. One unit meeting this criteria is the Bird Model 43 directional

wattmeter with a 5J element installed.

The reflected power should be less than 10% of the forward power (≈2:1

SWR). Higher readings usually indicate problems with the antenna, feedline

or coaxial connectors.

6.3 Data Buffer Setting

The default setting for the data buffer is OFF. This allows the radio to operate

with the lowest possible latency and improves channel efficiency. MODBUS

and its derivatives are the only protocols that should require the buffer to be

turned on. See “BUFF [ON, OFF]” on Page 41 for details.

6.4 Hoptime Setting

The default hop-time setting is 7 (7 ms). An alternate setting of 28 is used to

increase throughput, but at the cost of increased latency. A detailed

explanation of the HOPTIME command can be found on Page 44.

24 TransNET OEM Integration Guide MDS 05-3946A01, Rev. A

6.5 Operation at 115200 bps

Burst throughput at 115200 bps is supported at all settings. The radio will

always buffer at least 500 characters. Sustained throughput at 115200bps is

only possible when the data path is nearly error free and the operating settings

have been properly selected. For sustained operation at 115200 bps, use the

following settings: SAF OFF, FEC OFF, REPEAT 0, RETRY 0, HOPTIME 28.

6.6 Baud Rate Setting

The default baud rate setting is 19200 bps to accommodate most systems. If

your system will use a different data rate, you should change the radio’s data

interface speed using the BAUD xxxxx abc command (Page 41). It should be

set to the highest speed that can be sent by the data equipment in the system.

(The transceiver supports 1200 to 115200 bps.)

6.7 Radio Interference Checks

The radio operates in eight frequency zones. If interference is found in one or

more of these zones, the SKIP command (Page 49) can be used to omit them

from the hop pattern. You should also review 8.0 DEALING WITH

INTERFERENCE, when interference problems are encountered.

6.8 RF Output Setting

OEM Transceivers are shipped from the factory with a compliant power

setting for the antenna system to be used. This setting limits the maximum

effective isotropic radiated power (EIRP) from the antenna to +36 dBm. For

compliance with FCC and Industry Canada rules, the power level must be

adjusted in accordance with Table 7 below.

NOTE: In some regions, the maximum allowable RF output may differ from those stat-

ed above. Be sure to check for and comply with the requirements for your area

before placing the transceiver in service.

Table 7. Power Setting vs. Antenna System Gain

Required to maintain FCC/IC maximum +36 dBm EIRP

Antenna

(Model No.) Gain

(dBi) Power Setting

(dBm) Max. Power

(dBm) Minimum Length of

Feedline Cable

1/2 Wave Whip

Dipole (Z1527) 2.1 30 30 18-inch/0.46 meter

LMR 100A cable assembly

Omni-directional

Base Station

(Z1526)

7.1 29 29 10 feet/3.05 meters of

RG-213 cable

with 18-inch/0.46 meter

LMR 100A cable assembly

Yagi Directional

(Z1523A, B, or C) 8.1 28 28 10 feet/3.05 meters of

LMR 400 cable

with 18-inch/0.46 meter

LMR 100A cable assembly

MDS 05-3946A01, Rev. A TransNET OEM Integration Guide 25

7.0 OPERATING PRINCIPLES & SPECIAL

CONFIGURATIONS

7.1 How Remotes Acquire Synchronization

Remotes acquire synchronization and configuration information via SYNC

messages sent from the Master (the MODE M unit) or from any valid

Extension (MODE X unit).

The Master will always transmit SYNC messages. An Extension will only

start sending SYNC messages after synchronization is achieved with its

Master.

The ability to synchronize to a given radio is further qualified by the sender’s

Extended Address (XADDR) and by receiver’s Synchronization Qualifiers

(XMAP, XPRI, and XRSSI).

When a primary is specified (XPRI is 0...31), a radio will always attempt to

find the primary first. If 30 seconds elapses and the primary is not found, then

the radio will attempt to synchronize with any non-primary radio in the XMAP

list.

Once every 30 minutes, if a primary is defined, the radio will check its

synchronization source. If the radio is synchronized to a unit other than the

primary, then the current RSSI value is compared to the XRSSI value. If RSSI

is less than XRSSI (or if XRSSI is NONE) the radio will force a

loss-of-synchronization, and hunt for the primary again (as described in the

previous paragraph).

By default, Extensions (and the Master) begin with XADDR 0.

Synchronization qualifiers are set to XMAP 0, XPRI 0, and XRSSI NONE,

respectively. This default configuration allows any radio to hear the Master.

When an Extension is added, the extended address of the Extension must be

set to a unique value. All remotes that need to hear that extension can specify

this either by designating the extension as the primary (XPRI), or by including

it in their list of valid synchronization sources (XMAP).

7.2 Establishing a Tail-End Link

A tail-end link can be used to bring an outlying remote site into the rest of an

MAS network. Figure 5 on Page 5 shows a diagram of this type of system.

A tail-end link is established by connecting an OEM transceiver

“back-to-back” with another unit such as a licensed MDS x710 Series

transceiver. The wiring connections between the two radios must be made as

shown in Figure 18. In addition, the DEVICE CTS KEY command must be

asserted at the OEM radio.

26 TransNET OEM Integration Guide MDS 05-3946A01, Rev. A

Figure 18. Data Crossover Cable for Tail-End Links

7.3 Store & Forward (SAF) Operation with Extension

Radios

The Store-and-Forward (SAF) capability allows individual radios to act as

data repeaters. SAF operates by dividing a network into a vertical hierarchy

of two or more sub-networks. (See Figure 6 on Page 6.) Adjacent

sub-networks are connected via Extension radios operating in “MODE X”

which move data from one sub-network to the next one.

The Store-and-Forward implementation adheres to the general polling

principles used in most multiple-address systems (MAS). Polls originate from

the Master station, broadcast to all radios within the network, and travel

hierarchically downward. All Remotes will hear the same message, but only

one Remote will respond. Messages within a hierarchy only travel in one

direction at a time.

Using SAF will cut the overall data throughput in half, however, multiple

networks can be inter-connected with no additional loss in network

throughput.

Simple Extended SAF Network

Figure 19 depicts a two-level network utilizing a single Master (M) and an

Extension (X) radio. In this network, messages directed to Remotes in the

“K” sub-network, will be relayed through Extension radio Xj,k to the

K-Remotes. Any response from a Remote in sub-network “K” will pass back

through Extension radio Xj,k to the Master Mj. Radios in sub-network “J”

operate on the same set of frequencies and sub-network “K” but with a

different radio-frequency hopping pattern.

If required.

RXD

TXD

GND

RTS

DCE

DB-25

MDS x710 Series

Remote Transceiver

(or device requiring keyline)

TXD

RXD

GND

CTS

DCE

16-pin header (J3)

TransNET OEM

Remote Transceiver

(DEVICE CTS KEY)

MDS 05-3946A01, Rev. A TransNET OEM Integration Guide 27

Invisible place holder

Figure 19. Simple Extended SAF Network

Networks: J and K

In the SAF operation, the Extension radios are set to MODE X

(Details page 45) and operate with a “dual personality”—50% of the time

they serve as a Remote station and 50% of the time as a Master for

sub-network Remotes.

Extended SAF Network

Below is an example of a multilevel network utilizing two repeaters—XJ,K

and XK,L. The example demonstrates the extensibility of the network. In this

case, messages directed to Remotes in the sub-network L will be relayed

through Extension radios XJ,K and XK,L. As in the previous example, the

Extension radios will split their operating time equally between their Master

and Remote personalities. This multi-layered network can be extended

indefinitely without degrading system throughput beyond that initially

incurred by placing the network in the SAF mode.

RJXJ,K

RKRRKK

Sub-Network J

Sub-Network K

28 TransNET OEM Integration Guide MDS 05-3946A01, Rev. A

Invisible place holder

Figure 20. Extended SAF Network

Networks: J, K, L

Retransmission and ARQ operation

Functionally, the sub-network side of an Extension behaves like a

corresponding connection between a master and a remote.

When an Extension is using its “master personality” it sends

acknowledgments and performs unconditional retransmissions based on its

REPEAT count.

When an Extension is using its “Remote personality”, acknowledgments are

processed and retransmissions occur as needed, up to the number of times

specified by the RETRY count value.

If new data arrives—from a new source—prior to completion of

retransmissions, then this is considered a violation of the polling model

protocol. The new data takes precedence over the old data and the old data is

lost. In such a situation, new data is likely to be corrupt as it will have some

old data mixed in with it.

Synchronization in SAF Networks

The Master controls the synchronization for a given network for all modes.

Setting the Master to “SAF ON” broadcasts a command from the Master to all

radio units in the associated network either directly or through an Extension

radio. This command puts all radios in the entire system in a special

time-division duplexing mode that alternates between two timeslots. One

time slot for data communications upstream and another for downstream

communications.

XK,L

RJXJ,K

RKRK

Sub-Network J

Sub-Network K

Sub-Network L

MDS 05-3946A01, Rev. A TransNET OEM Integration Guide 29

The Extensions are single radios which serve as bridges between adjacent

sub-network levels. Extensions will undertake a “remote” personality in one

timeslot, and a “master” personality in the alternate timeslot and provide

communications with associated Remotes downstream. Extensions behave

like two radios with their data ports tied together, first synchronizing with

their upstream Master during their Remote personality period, and then

providing synchronization signals to dependent Remotes downstream during

its Master personality period.

All Remotes synchronize to a corresponding Master. This can be the “real

master” (the MODE M unit), or it can be a repeater “Extension” that derives

synchronization from the “real master.”

Payload polls/packets broadcast from the network Master will be repeated to

all levels of the network, either directly to Remotes, or through network

repeaters—the Extensions station. The targeted Remote will respond to the

poll following the same path back to the Master.

Configuration Parameters for Store-and Forward Services

The installation and configuration of a network with an Extension using SAF

is straight-forward with only a few unique parameters that need to be

considered and set at each unit.

In every network there can be only one Master station. It will serve as the sole

gateway to the outside world. The following three tables detail the parameters

that will need to be set on each type of radio in the network.

• Network Master Radio—Table 8 on Page 29

• Extension Radio(s)—Table 9 on Page 30

• Remote Radio(s)—Table 10 on Page 31

Table 8. Configuration Parameters for SAF Services

Network Master Radio

Parameter Command Description

Operating Mode MODE M

Details page 45 Set the radio to serve as a

Master

Network Address ADDR

Details page 40 A number between 1 and

65,000 that will serve as a

common network ad-

dress.

All radios in the network

use the same number.

30 TransNET OEM Integration Guide MDS 05-3946A01, Rev. A

Extended Address XADDR

Details page 51 A number between 0 and

31 that will serve as a

common address for radi-

os that synchronize di-

rectly to this master.

Typically, the Master is

set to zero (0).

Store and Forward

Mode SAF ON

Details page 48 Enables store and for-

ward capability in the net-

work.

Table 9. Configuration Parameters for SAF Services

Extension Radio(s)

Parameter Command Description

Operating Mode MODE X

Details page 45 Set the radio to serve as an

Extension

Network Address ADDR

Details page 40 A number between 1 and

65,000 that will serve as a

common network address.

All radios in the network use

the same number.

Extended Ad-

dress XADDR

Details page 51 A number between 0 and 31

that will serve as a common

address for radios that syn-

chronize directly to this Ex-

tension radio serving as

master for associated

sub-network units.

We recommend using zero

(0) for the Master station.

Primary Extended

Address XPRI

Details page 51 XADDR number of the pri-

mary or preferred radio with

which this radio will synchro-

nize.

Extension Map XMAP

Details page 51 Functional list of all XADDR

values with which this radio

can synchronize, excluding

the XPRI address

Extension

Received Signal

Strength Indicator

XRSSI

Details page 51 The minimum RSSI level re-

quired to preserve synchro-

nization with a non-primary

radio. (Ineffective when

XPRI is NONE)

Table 8. Configuration Parameters for SAF Services

Network Master Radio (Continued)

Parameter Command Description

MDS 05-3946A01, Rev. A TransNET OEM Integration Guide 31

7.4 Sleep Mode Operation (Remote units only)

In some installations, such as at solar-powered sites, it may be necessary to

keep the transceiver’s power consumption to an absolute minimum. This can

be accomplished using the radio’s Sleep Mode feature. In this mode, power

consumption is reduced to about 8 mA.

Sleep Mode can be enabled under RTU control by asserting a ground (on Pin

6 of J3, the radio’s header connector. The radio stays in Sleep Mode until the

low is removed, and all normal functions are suspended.

The radio can be “awakened” by your RTU every minute or so to verify

synchronization with the master station. When the ground is removed, the

radio will be ready to receive data within 75 milliseconds.

NOTE: The SLEEP function must be set to ON; otherwise a ground on the Sleep Mode

pin will be ignored.

Table 10. Configuration Parameters for SAF Services

Remote Radio(s)

Parameter Command Description

Operating Mode MODE R

Details page 45 Set the radio to serve

as a Remote station

Network Address ADDR

Details page 40 A number between 1

and 65,000 that will

serve as a common

network address or

name.

Same number for all

units in the same net-

work.

Primary Extended

Address XPRI

Details page 51 XADDR number of the

primary or preferred

radio with which this

radio will synchronize.

Extension Map XMAP

Details page 51 A list of all XADDR val-

ues with which this ra-

dio can synchronize,

excluding the XPRI

address

Extension

Received Signal

Strength Indicator

XRSSI

Details page 51 The minimum RSSI

level required to pre-

serve synchronization

with a non-primary ra-

dio. (Ineffective when

XPRI is NONE)

32 TransNET OEM Integration Guide MDS 05-3946A01, Rev. A

It is important to note that power consumption will increase somewhat as

communication from the master station degrades. This is because the radio

will spend a greater period of time “awake” looking for synchronization

messages from the master radio.

In order for the radio to be controlled by the Sleep Mode pin, the radio must

be set to SLEEP ON. See “SLEEP [ON, OFF]” on Page 50 for more

information.

Sleep Mode Example

The following example describes Sleep Mode implementation in a typical

system. Using this information, you should be able to configure a system that

meets your own particular needs.

Suppose you need communications to each remote site only once per hour.

Program the RTU to raise an EIA/RS-232 line once each hour (DTR for

example) and wait for a poll and response before lowering it again. Connect

this line to Pin 6 of the radio’s header connector. This will allow each RTU

to be polled once per hour, with a significant savings in power consumption.

8.0 DEALING WITH INTERFERENCE

The transceiver shares the frequency spectrum with other services and other

Part 15 (unlicensed) devices in the USA. As such, near 100% error free

communications may not be achieved in a given location, and some level of

interference should be expected. However, the radio’s flexible design and

hopping techniques should allow adequate performance as long as care is

taken in choosing a suitable location and in configuring the radio’s operating

parameters.

In general, keep the following points in mind when setting up your

communications network:

1. Systems installed in rural areas are least likely to encounter interference;

those in suburban and urban environments are more likely to be affected

by other devices operating in the license-free frequency band and by

adjacent licensed services.

2. If possible, use a directional antenna at remote sites. They conﬁne the

transmission and reception pattern to a narrow lobe, which minimizes

interference to (and from) stations located outside the pattern.

3. If interference is suspected from a nearby licensed system (such as a

paging transmitter), it may be helpful to use horizontal polarization of all

antennas in the network. Because most other services typically use

vertical polarization in this band, an additional 20 dB of attenuation to

interference can be achieved by using the horizontal plane.

4. Multiple spread spectrum systems can co-exist in close proximity to each

other with only minor interference, provided they are each assigned a

unique network address. Each network address has a different hop pattern

associated with it.

MDS 05-3946A01, Rev. A TransNET OEM Integration Guide 33

5. If constant interference is present in a particular frequency zone, it may

be necessary to “lock out” that zone from the radio’s hopping pattern.

The radio includes built-in tools to help users do this. Refer to the

discussion of the SKIP command (Page 49) for more information. In the

USA, a maximum of four zones may be skipped, per FCC rules. Check

the regulatory requirements for your region.

6. Interference can also come from out-of-band RF sources such as paging

systems. Installation of a bandpass filter, such as Part No. 20-2822A02 in

the antenna system may provide relief from this type of interference.

7. Proper use of the RETRY and REPEAT commands may be helpful in areas

with heavy interference.

The RETRY command sets the maximum number of times (1 to 10) that a

radio will re-transmit upstream data over the air. Values greater than 1

successively improve the chances of a message getting through when

interference is a problem.

The REPEAT command sets a ﬁxed number of unconditional

retransmissions for downstream data.

8. The RF power output of all radios in a system should be set for the lowest

level necessary for reliable communications. This lessens the chance of

causing unnecessary interference to nearby systems and keeps power

consumption to a minimum.

34 TransNET OEM Integration Guide MDS 05-3946A01, Rev. A

9.0 PROGRAMMING REFERENCE

All programming and control of the transceiver is performed through a PC

terminal connected to the radio or the Evaluation Board DIAG connector.

There are no manual adjustments or jumper settings used for configuration.

This section explains how to establish terminal communication, and provides

a complete list of user commands.

9.1 Programming Methods

Terminal Interface Mode

A PC may be used by operating it in a basic terminal mode (e.g., a

HyperTerminal session) and entering the radio commands listed in the tables

contained in this section. The PC must be connected to the radio via its 16-pin

header connector, or, if using the Evaluation Board, via the modular

diagnostics connector. In the latter case, an RJ-11 to DB-9 Adapter Cable

(Part No. 03-3246A01) is required. A cable of this type may be constructed

using the information shown in Figure 10 on Page 11.

Once a PC terminal is connected, communication (baud rate) is automatically

established through the command interface. To access the command

interface, press the ESCAPE key, followed by one or more ENTER keystrokes

(delivered at about half-second intervals), until the “>” prompt is displayed.

NOTE: The diagnostic interface uses 8 data bits, 1 stop bit, and no parity. It automati-

cally configures itself to function at 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, 19200, 38400,

57600, and 115200 bps.

If the DLINK setting is ON, the interface will start out in Diagnostic Link mode.

This is a special protocol used to support Network-Wide Diagnostics. The pro-

cess described in the paragraph above causes the radio to exit diagnostic link

mode and enter command mode. If there is no input in command mode for 5

minutes, the interface will revert back to diagnostic link mode.

PC-Based Configuration Software

The Windows™-based TransNET Configuration Software

(P/N 06-4059A01) is designed for use with the OEM Transceiver. This

software provides access to all of the radio’s capabilities with the benefit of

context-sensitive help. The program is shipped as part of the TransNET

Support Package CD included with every order.

9.2 User Commands

A series of tables begin on the next page listing the various user commands

for the OEM transceiver. The tables provide abbreviated command

descriptions. Complete descriptions follow in Section 9.3.

MDS 05-3946A01, Rev. A TransNET OEM Integration Guide 35

Entering Commands

The proper procedure for entering commands is to type the command,

followed by an keystroke. For programming commands, the

command is followed by , the appropriate information or values, and

then .

Table 11. Network Configuration—Master Station

COMMAND DESCRIPTION

BUFF [ON, OFF]

Details, page 41 ON = Seamless data

OFF = Fast byte throughput.

FEC [ON, OFF]

Details, page 44 Sets/disables FEC

(Forward Error Correction) setting.

HOPTIME [7, 28]

Details, page 44 Displays hop-time or sets it to 7 or 28 ms.

REPEAT [0–10]

Details, page 47 Sets/displays the ﬁxed downstream re-send

count.

RETRY [0–10]

Details, page 47 Sets/displays the maximum upstream re-send

count for ARQ (Automatic Repeat Request)

operation

SAF [ON, OFF]

Details, page 48 Enables/disables the store-and-forward func-

tion for the network controlled by this Master

unit.

SKIP [NONE, 1...8]

Details, page 49 Skip one or more frequency zones

Table 12. Network-Wide Diagnostics

Command Description

DLINK [xxxxx/ON/OFF]

Details, page 43 Controls operation of diagnostic link function.

DTYPE [NODE/ROOT]

Details, page 44 Set radio’s operational characteristics for net-

work-wide diagnostics

ENTER

SPACE

ENTER

36 TransNET OEM Integration Guide MDS 05-3946A01, Rev. A

Table 13. Operational Configuration—Set/Program

Command Description

ADDR [1–65000]

Details, page 40

Program network address

AMASK [0000 0000–FFFF FFFF]

Details, page 41 Sets alarm response.

Default: FFFF FFFF

ASENSE [HI/LO]

Details, page 41 Sense of the radio’s alarm output in the

EIA-232 mode. Default: Alarm present = HI.

BAUD [xxxxx abc]

Details, page 41 Data communication parameters

CODE [NONE, 1…255]

Details, page 42 Select the security/encryption setting in the

radio.

CTS [0–255]

Details, page 42 CTS delay in milliseconds.

(A value of 0 returns CTS immediately)

CTSHOLD [0–60000]

Details, page 43 “Hold time” that CTS is present following last

character from DATA port.

DEVICE [DCE, CTS KEY]

Details, page 43

Device behavior:

DCE (normal) or CTS Key

LEDS [ON, OFF]

Details, page 45 Enables/disables transceiver LEDs

MODE [M, R, X]

Details, page 45 Operating mode:

where M = Master, R = Remote

OWM [xxxxx]

Details, page 45 Owner’s message, or alternate message (30

characters maximum)

OWN [xxxxx]

Details, page 45 Owner’s name, or alternate message

(30 characters maximum)

PORT [RS232, RS485]

Details, page 45 Data port (DATA connector) interface signal-

ing mode: RS232 or RS485

PWR

Details page 47 Forward power-output setting in dBm

REPEAT [0–10]

Details, page 47 Forward power output in dBm.

RXTOT [NONE, 0–1440]

Details, page 48 Maximum duration (in minutes) before

time-out alarm. Default is OFF.

RTU [ON, OFF, 0-80]

Details, page 48 Enable or Disable unit’s built-in RTU simula-

tor. Default is OFF. Set RTU address between

zero and 80.

MDS 05-3946A01, Rev. A TransNET OEM Integration Guide 37

SLEEP [ON, OFF]

Details, page 50 Enable or Disable the radio’s Sleep mode

function.

UNIT [10000–65000]

Details, page 50 Unit address used for network-wide diagnos-

tics. (Unique within associated network.)

XADDR [0–31]

Details, page 51 This unit’s Extended address

Typically, the Master is set to zero (0).

XPRI [0–31]

Details, page 51 Address of the primary Extended radio unit

(Extension).

XMAP [00000000-FFFFFFFF]

Details, page 51

Included Extended units in MODE X. (Exten-

sions and Remotes only).

XRSSI [NONE, –40...–120]

Details, page 51 Minimum RSSI level required to preserve syn-

chronization with a non-primary radio.

(Only meaningful when XPRI is not NONE)

ZONE CLEAR

Details, page 51 Reset zone data statistics

Table 14. Operating Status—Display Only

Command Description

ADDR

Details page 40 Network address

AMASK

Details page 41 Alarm mask (response)

ASENSE

Details page 41 Current sense of the alarm output.

BAUD

Details page 41 Data communication parameters. Example:

BAUD 9600 8N1

BUFF

Details page 41 Data buffering mode: ON = seamless data,

OFF = fast byte throughput

CODE

Details page 42 Security/encryption operational status.

“NONE” (Inactive), or “ACTIVE”

CTS

Details page 42 CTS delay in milliseconds (0–255 ms)

CTSHOLD

Details page 43 “Hold time” that CTS is present following last

character from DATA port.

Table 13. Operational Configuration—Set/Program (Continued)

Command Description

38 TransNET OEM Integration Guide MDS 05-3946A01, Rev. A

DEVICE

Details page 43 Device behavior

Alternatives: DCE and CTS KEY

HOPTIME

Details page 44 Hop-time value in milliseconds (ms).

HREV

Details, page 45 Hardware revision level

LEDS [ON, OFF]

Details, page 45 Enables/disables transceiver LEDs

MODE

Details page 45 Current operating mode:

M = Master

R = Remote

X = Extension (Repeater)

OWM

Details page 45 Owner’s message or site name

OWN

Details page 45 Owner’s name or system name

PORT

Details page 45 Current data port (DATA connector) interface

signaling mode: RS232 or RS485

PWR

Details page 47 Show forward power-output setting in dBm

REPEAT

Details page 47 The ﬁxed downstream re-send count.

RETRY

Details page 47 The maximum upstream re-send count for

ARQ (Automatic Repeat Request) operation.

SAF

Details page 48 The store-and-forward function status.

SKIP

Details page 49 Table of frequency zones programmed to be

skipped

RSSI

Details page 47 Received signal strength indicator (dBm).

Unavailable at Master unless SETUP is

enabled.

RXTOT

Details page 48 The amount of time (in seconds) to wait before

issuing a time-out alarm.

RTU

Details page 48 RTU simulator’s operational status (ON/OFF)

Table 14. Operating Status—Display Only (Continued)

Command Description

MDS 05-3946A01, Rev. A TransNET OEM Integration Guide 39

SAF

Details page 48 Store-and-forward mode status in this unit.

(ON/OFF)

SER

Details page 49 Serial number of radio

SHOW PWR

Details page 49 Show measured RF output power in dBm

SHOW SYNC

Details page 49 Information on synchronization source and

depth

SKIP

Details page 49 Frequency zones that are skipped

SLEEP

Details page 50 Radio’s Sleep Mode setting.

(At Remotes Only)

SREV

Details page 50 Transceiver ﬁrmware revision level

STAT

Details page 50 Current alarm status

TEMP

Details page 50 Transceiver’s internal temperature (°C)

UNIT

Details page 50 Programmed unit address for

network-wide diagnostics

XADDR

Details page 51 This unit’s Extended address

XPRI

Details page 51

Address of the primary Extended radio unit

(Extension).

XMAP

Details page 51

Included Extended units in MODE X. (Exten-

sions and Remotes only).

XRSSI

Details page 51 Minimum RSSI level required to preserve syn-

chronization with a non-primary radio. (Only

meaningful when XPRI is not NONE)

Table 15. Diagnostic and Test Functions

Command Description

KEY

Details, page 45 Enables the transmitter test.

(Radio must be in Setup mode.)

DKEY

Details, page 44 Turns off the transmitter test.

(Radio must be in Setup mode.)

Table 14. Operating Status—Display Only (Continued)

Command Description

40 TransNET OEM Integration Guide MDS 05-3946A01, Rev. A

9.3 Detailed Command Descriptions

The essential commands for most applications are Network Address (ADDR),

Mode (MODE), and Baud Rate (BAUD). However, proper use of the additional

commands allows you to tailor the transceiver for a specific use, or to conduct

basic diagnostics on the radio. This section gives more detailed information

for the commands listed above in section 9.2.

Most of the commands below can be used in two ways. First, you can type

only the command name (for example, ADDR) to view the currently

programmed data. Second, you can set or change the existing data by typing

the command, followed by a space, and then the desired entry (for example,

ADDR 1234). In the list below, allowable programming variables, if any, are

shown in brackets [ ] following the command name.

ADDR [1–65000]

This command sets or displays the radio’s network address. The network

address can range from 1 to 65000.

A network address must be programmed at the time of installation and must

be common across each radio in a given network. Radios are typically

shipped with the network address unprogrammed, causing the address to

display as NONE. If the address is not set (or is set to a wrong value) it leaves

the system in an invalid state, preventing operation and generating an alarm.

NOTE: It is recommended that the last four digits of the master radio’s serial number

be used for the network address. This helps avoid conflicts with other users.

TX [xxxx]

Details, page 50 Set/display transmit test frequency.

(Radio must be in Setup mode.)

RX [xxxx]

Details, page 48 Set/display receive test frequency.

(Radio must be in Setup mode.)

SETUP

Details, page 48 Enables Setup mode. Times out after 10 min-

utes. Press “Q” to quit.

ZONE DATA

Details, page 51 Zone data statistics

ZONE CLEAR

Details, page 51 Clears the Zone Data log

Table 15. Diagnostic and Test Functions (Continued)

Command Description

MDS 05-3946A01, Rev. A TransNET OEM Integration Guide 41

AMASK [0000 0000–FFFF FFFF]

This command sets the alarm bits that cause the alarm output signal to be

triggered. The PWR LED will still flash for all alarms, but the alarm output

signal will only be activated for those alarms that have the corresponding

mask bit set. The hex value for the mask aligns directly with the hex value for

the ALARM command. The default is FFFF FFFF. Through proper use of the

AMASK command, it is possible to tailor the alarm response of the radio.

Contact the factory for more information on configuring the alarm mask.

ASENSE [HI/LO]

This command is used to set the sense of the radio’s alarm output at Pin 3 of

the 16-pin header connector. The default setting is HI which means an alarm

exists when an RS-232 high is on Pin 3.

BAUD [xxxxx abc]

This command sets or displays the communication attributes for the normal

payload communications through the DATA port. The command has no effect

on the RJ-11 DIAG(NOSTICS) port.

The first parameter (xxxxx) is baud rate. Baud rate is specified in

bits-per-second and must be one of the following speeds: 1200, 2400, 4800,

9600, 19200, 38400, 57600, or 115200. At baud rates of 19200 bps or less,

the radio can support unlimited continuous data transmission at any hop rate.

The second parameter of the BAUD command (abc) is a 3-character block

indicating how the data is encoded. The following is a breakdown of each

character’s meaning:

a = Data bits (7 or 8)

b = Parity (N for None, O for Odd, E for Even)

c = Stop bits (1 or 2)

The factory default setting is 9600 baud, 8 data bits, no parity, 1 stop bit

(Example: 19200 8N1).

NOTE: 7N1, 8O2, and 8E2 are invalid communication settings and are not supported

by the transceiver.

BUFF [ON, OFF]

This command sets or displays the received data handling mode of the radio.

The command parameter is either ON or OFF. (The default is OFF.) The

setting of this parameter affects the timing of received data sent out the DATA

connector. Data transmitted over the air by the radio is unaffected by the

BUFF setting.

If data buffering is set to OFF, the radio will operate with the lowest possible

average latency. Data bytes are sent out the DATA port as soon as an incoming

RF data frame is processed. Average and typical latency will both be below

10 ms, but idle character gaps may be introduced into the outgoing data flow.

42 TransNET OEM Integration Guide MDS 05-3946A01, Rev. A

If data buffering is ON, the radio will operate in a seamless mode. That is, data

bytes will be sent over the air as quickly as possible, but the receiver will

buffer the data until the entire packet has been collected. The delay introduced

by data buffering is variable and depends on message size and the number of

retransmissions required, but the radio will not create any gaps in the output

data stream. This mode of operation is required for protocols such as

MODBUS™ that do not allow gaps in their data transmission.

Seamless mode (BUFF ON) is intended only for applications where the

message size is 256 characters or less. Enforcement of this rule is left up to

the user. If more than 256 characters are transmitted data delivery will not be

seamless and data may be lost.

Changes to the BUFF setting may only be made at the master radio. This is

because the master radio broadcasts the buffer setting for the entire network.

At remote radios, the buffer setting may be read when the radio is in

synchronization with the master, but it may not be changed.

CODE [NONE, 1…255]

The CODE command is used to select or display the security/encryption

setting in the radio.

The default is CODE NONE. Setting CODE to a value other than NONE

provides an extra level security beyond that provided by the Network Address

(ADDR). The disadvantage is increased complexity in managing the network.

The CODE command takes an argument 1…255, or “NONE”. Entering CODE

without an argument will display either “NONE” or “ACTIVE”. ACTIVE

means that security/encryption has been enabled, but the radio will not

display the security argument.

When a CODE value is active, all radios in the system must use the same code

value. If the code value is not properly programmed, a remote radio will not

synchronize with the master.

CAUTION: Record the CODE value and store it in a safe place. If the code is

later forgotten, and a unit is to be added to the system, all radios in the

network must be set to NONE and then reprogrammed to a new value.

CTS [0–255]

The CTS (clear-to-send) command sets or displays the timer value associated

with the CTS line response. The command parameter ranges from 0 to 255

milliseconds.

For DCE operation, the timer specifies how long to wait after the RTS line

goes high before asserting the CTS line. A timer value of zero means that the

CTS line will be asserted immediately following the assertion of RTS.

For CTS Key operation (see the DEVICE command), the timer specifies how

long to wait after asserting the CTS line before sending data out the DATA

port. A timer value of zero means that data will be sent out the data port

without imposing a key-up delay. (Other delays may be in effect from other

radio operating parameters.)

MDS 05-3946A01, Rev. A TransNET OEM Integration Guide 43

CTSHOLD [0–60000]

Used in DEVICE CTS KEY mode, this command sets the amount of time in

milliseconds that CTS remains present following transmission of the last

character out the RXD pin of the DATA port. This “hold time” can be used to

prevent squelch tail data corruption when communicating with other radios.

The CTSHOLD setting can range from 0 to 60000 (i.e., 60 seconds). The

default value is 0, which means that CTS will drop immediately after the last

character is transmitted. If the command is entered when the radio is in

DEVICE DCE mode, the response CTSHOLD N/A will be displayed.

DEVICE [DCE, CTS KEY]

The DEVICE command sets or displays the device behavior of the radio. The

command parameter is either DCE or CTS KEY.

The default selection is DCE. In this mode, CTS will go high following RTS,

subject to the CTS programmable delay time. Keying is stimulated by the

input of characters at the data port. Hardware flow control is implemented by

dropping the CTS line if data arrives faster than it can be transmitted.

If CTS KEY is selected, the radio is assumed to be controlling another radio,

such as in a repeater or tail-end link system. The RTS line is ignored and the

CTS line is used as a keyline control for the other radio. CTS is asserted

immediately after the receipt of RF data, but data will not be sent out the DATA

port until after the CTS programmable delay time has expired. (This gives the

other radio time to key.)

Following transmission of the last byte of data, CTS will remain asserted for

the duration specified by the CTSHOLD command. CTSHOLD should be set

sufficiently high.

DLINK [xxxxx/ON/OFF]

DLINK ON enables use of Diagnostic Link mode and establishes it as the

default protocol on the RJ-11 DIAG port. Diagnostic Link mode is a special

protocol used to support Network-Wide Diagnostics. DLINK must be set to

ON to support connection to InSite or to support chained diagnostics between

radio networks. DLINK OFF disables this feature. The default setting is ON.

The following DLINK baud rates selections are allowed:

• 1200 • 4800 • 9600 • 19200 (default)

• 38400 • 57600 • 115200

Example: DLINK 4800 sets the RJ-11 DIAG port to operate at 4800 bps when

diagnostics is “closed”. This setting will not affect the port’s autobaud

operation. Use only of DLINK ON, will enable the use 19200 or the most

recently programmed value. The default is DLINK 19200 and DLINK ON.

NOTE: The same baud rate must be entered into the InSite Equipment List’s BAUD

field.

44 TransNET OEM Integration Guide MDS 05-3946A01, Rev. A

NOTE: The DLINK rate must match the rate of any connected device to the diagnostic

port. This may be either another radio’s diagnostic port, the InSite computer, or

another data link device that eventually connects to the InSite computer.

DKEY

Disables the transmitter when it is keyed. See also KEY command.

DTYPE [NODE/ROOT]

The DTYPE command specifies the radio’s operational characteristics for

network-wide diagnostics. The transceiver uses the following types:

•NODE–The most common setting, and the default. This is the basic

system radio device-type. Typically, the radio network is comprised of

nodes and one root. Intrusive diagnostics can originate from any node.

However, non-intrusive diagnostics can only be conducted from the

root node.

•ROOT–Always one, and only one, per network (including units

associated through Extension units.) The root is the focal point of

network-wide diagnostics information. Intrusive diagnostics can

originate from any radio, including the root. However, the root is the

only radio through which non-intrusive diagnostics can be conducted.

FEC [ON, OFF]

This command is used to view the FEC setting, or turn it on or off. The default

setting is FEC ON. (It needs to be turned off when throughputs exceed

57,600 bps.) FEC is set at the master and is automatically passed on to all of

the remotes in a network.

Setting FEC to ON improves sensitivity at the cost of reduced throughput.

Typical SCADA/telemetry applications use low data rates and, as such, the

FEC setting is normally transparent to them.

HOPTIME [7, 28]

The HOPTIME command is used to set or display the hop-time setting. The

command is a digit corresponding to the hop-time setting in milliseconds. The

default HOPTIME setting is 7. A setting of 28 must be used when throughputs

exceed 57,600 bps.

Changes to the HOPTIME setting may only be made at the master radio. (This

is because the Master radio establishes the hop-time setting for the entire

network.) At remote radios, the hop-time setting may be read when the radio

is in synchronization with the master, but it may not be changed.

INIT

The INIT command is used to reset the radio’s operating parameters to the

factory defaults listed in Table 16 on Page 46. This may be helpful when

trying to resolve configuration problems that resulted from the entry of one

or more improper command settings. If you are unsure of which command

setting caused the problem, this command allows you to get back to a known

working state.

MDS 05-3946A01, Rev. A TransNET OEM Integration Guide 45

NOTE: Caution should be exercised when using the INIT command on radios in a sys-

tem employing the Store-and-Forward feature. Settings relating to the use of

Extension services will be lost and will need to be re-entered. Inventory and

record the settings for XADDR, XPRI and XMAP before using the INIT com-

mand.

SPECIAL NOTE: Installing firmware of Revision 2.0 or later into a radio with Revi-

sions 1.x firmware will preserve the radio’s compatibility with other radios run-

ning Revision 1.x firmware. If updating the radio’s firmware is part of a

system-wide upgrade, the last step should be to use the INIT command at the

Master station. Use of the INIT command causes the changes shown in

Table 16 on Page 46 to be applied

HREV

Shows the Hardware revision of the radio.

KEY

Enables the transmitter. (Radio must be in Setup mode.) See also DKEY

command.

LEDS [ON, OFF]

This command is used to view the LED setting, or to enable/disable LED

operation. In power-critical applications (battery/solar powered sites, for

example), it may be desirable to turn off the LEDs.

MODE [M, R, X]

The MODE command sets or displays the operating mode of the radio. A

master radio is set by MODE M; a remote set by MODE R, and an Extension is

set by MODE X.

All units default to remotes; other modes must be specifically programmed

with the MODE command.

If MODE X is used, the MODE X radio should be programmed with an

Extended Address (XADDR). Units that need to hear this MODE X radio must

be programmed with an appropriate XPRI and/or XMAP value.

OWM [xxxxx]

The OWM command sets or displays an optional owner’s message, such as the

system name. The entry can contain up to 30 characters.

OWN [xxxxx]

The OWN command sets or displays an optional owner’s name, such as the

site name. The entry can contain up to 30 characters.

PORT [RS232, RS485]

Select or identify the current data interface signaling mode: RS232 or RS485.

This is the port though which the payload data will pass. Pin descriptions for

EIA-232 are on Page13 and EIA-485 can be found on Page13. Note: This

command will always show TTL if the radio is only equipped for TTL

service—see model number configuration code on Page 3.

46 TransNET OEM Integration Guide MDS 05-3946A01, Rev. A

PWR [20–30]

This command displays or sets the desired RF forward output power setting

of the radio. The PWR command parameter is specified in dBm and can range

from 20 dBm through 30 in 1 dBm steps. The default setting is 30 dBm (1

watt). To read the actual (measured) power output of the radio, use the SHOW

PWR command.

In the USA, maximum allowable power is governed by FCC limits on

Effective Isotropic Radiated Power output (EIRP). The EIRP limit of

+36 dBm means that any user with a net antenna gain greater than 6 dBi must

decrease the PWR setting accordingly.

Table 16. INIT Command Generated Defaults

Parameter Default Setting Corresponding

Command

For all radios

Device operation DCE DEVICE DCE

CTS delay 0

(CTS is continuously asserted) CTS 0

CTS hold-time 0CTSHOLD 0

DATA Interface port • 9600 baud

• 8 data bits

• none (no parity)

• 1 stop bit

BAUD 9600 8N1

Alarm Mask FFFF FFFF AMASK

Alarm Output Sense RS-232 High (+5.0 Vdc) ASENSE

RX Time-out-Timer None/Disable RXTOT

Transmitter

test frequency 915.000 MHz TX xxx

Receiver

test frequency 915.000 MHz RX xxx

Sleep Enable OFF SLEEP OFF

Data Port Setting RS/EIA-232 PORT RS232

Primary Extension

Radio Address 0 (Master) XPRI 0

Synchronization

Source Map None XMAP 0

Extended Address 0XADDR 0

For MASTER radios

Skipped frequencies None (radio will hop across all

frequencies) SKIP NONE

Hop-time 7 ms HOPTIME 7

Buffer mode OFF BUFF OFF

MDS 05-3946A01, Rev. A TransNET OEM Integration Guide 47

REPEAT [0–10]

The REPEAT command affects “downstream” data. The command causes a

Master or Extension to always repeat transmissions for the specified number

of times (range is 0 to 10; default selection is 3). Unlike the RETRY command,

there is no acknowledgment that a message has been received. To display the

current setting, use the REPEAT command without entering a value.

RETRY [0–10]

The RETRY command affects upstream data. The command selects, or

displays, the maximum number of times (0 to 10) that a remote radio will

re-transmit data. The default setting is 10.

This command is associated with ARQ (Automatic Repeat Request)

operation of the radio and is intended for use in areas with heavy radio

interference.

When the RETRY command is issued without parameters, the maximum

retransmission count is shown. A value of 0 represents no retries, while

values of 1 or greater successively improve the chance of data delivery in

spectrally harsh environments (at the expense of possibly increased latency).

The RETRY value is only settable at the Master. It is readable by a

synchronized Remote.

RSSI

This command displays the radio’s Received Signal Strength Indication in

dBm (decibels relative to 1 mW). The output can range from –40 dBm to

–120 dBm. Command availability and results depend on the mode of

operation (master or remote). The closer to 0 dBm, the stronger the signal,

thus a reading of –70 dBm is stronger than –80 dBm.

For a remote radio, under normal operation, RSSI is based on the average

signal strength of the SYNC message received in each of the eight frequency

zones. (RSSI is sampled each time a SYNC message is received.) When using

the RSSI reading to align a directional antenna, it is important to make

changes slowly so that the RSSI reading will provide meaningful results. It

will take several seconds to indicate a change in signal level. The radio stays

in RSSI mode until is pressed.

Retry Count 10 (max. 10 repeats for ARQ) RETRY 10

Repeat Count 3 (downstream repeats) REPEAT 3

Forward Error

Correction ON FEC ON

Table 16. INIT Command Generated Defaults (Continued)

Parameter Default Setting Corresponding

Command

ENTER

48 TransNET OEM Integration Guide MDS 05-3946A01, Rev. A

For a master radio, under normal operation, entering the RSSI command

causes the response NOT AVAILABLE to be returned. This is because a master

is normally receiving signals from several remote stations and an RSSI

reading would be continually changing. The only exception is when the

SETUP command has been asserted. This disables hopping and allows

reading a “raw” RSSI signal level in real time from a master or remote radio.

NOTE: RSSI readings will not indicate signals stronger than –40 dBm.

RTU [ON, OFF, 0-80]

This command re-enables or disables the radio’s internal RTU simulator,

which runs with proprietary polling programs such as poll.exe and rsim.exe.

The internal RTU simulator is available whenever a radio has diagnostics

enabled. This command also sets the RTU address that the radio will respond

to.

The internal RTU can be used for testing system payload data or pseudo bit

error rate (BER) testing. It can be helpful in isolating a problem to either the

external RTU or the radio. The default RTU setting is OFF.

RX [xxxx]

This command sets or displays the test receive frequency used in place of

hopping when the radio is in SETUP mode. The test receive frequency can be

reprogrammed to any value between 902.200 MHz and 927.800 MHz,

inclusive. The factory default setting is 915.000 MHz.

RXTOT [NONE, 0–1440]

This command sets or displays the amount of time (in minutes) to wait for the

next received data packet before issuing a receiver time-out alarm. The

default setting is NONE.

SAF [ON, OFF]

This command enables/disables the operation of the Store-and-Forward

services. It can be set only at the network’s Master station, but will effect all

radios in the associated network. The default setting is OFF. See related

commands: “XADDR [0–31]” on Page 51, “XPRI [0–31]” on Page 51, and

“XMAP [00000000-FFFFFFFF]” on Page 51.

SETUP

This command sets up the transceiver for checking antenna SWR or trans-

mitter power with external measuring equipment. Do not use this mode

during normal operation.

When the SETUP command is entered, the prompt changes to SETUP>, and:

• Hopping is disabled.

• Synthesizer frequencies are reset to the test frequencies specified by the

TX and RX commands described earlier.

MDS 05-3946A01, Rev. A TransNET OEM Integration Guide 49

• The radio can be keyed using the KEY command. DKEY is used to unkey

the radio. (If the radio is left in a keyed state it is automatically unkeyed

after several minutes.)

• The RSSI is sampled in a raw, continuous fashion regardless of whether

the unit is a master or a remote.

Entering Q or QUIT returns the system to normal operation.

A timer keeps the Setup mode from accidentally leaving the system disabled.

After 10 minutes the system behaves as if Q or QUIT had been entered,

returning to normal operation.

SER

Displays the Serial Number of the radio.

SHOW PWR

The SHOW PWR command displays the actual (measured) RF power output

in dBm. Unlike the PWR command, this command shows the actual level

being measured, not the programmed RF power setting.

SHOW SYNC

When used at a Remote station, this command will display Extended Address

and Unit Address of the Master or Extension radio to which the Remote is

synchronized. The network depth at the remote, defined as the number of

downstream links from the Master, is displayed in parentheses.

SKIP [NONE, 1...8]

This command sets or displays which, if any, of the eight 3.2 MHz-wide

zones will be skipped from the radio’s hopping sequence. Skipping zones is

one way of dealing with constant interference on one or more frequencies.

See “DEALING WITH INTERFERENCE” on Page 32 for more information

on dealing with interference.

Table 17 shows the frequency range covered by each zone. The command

parameter is either the keyword NONE or an undelimited string of up to four

digits where each digit 1...8 represents a corresponding zone to skip. (For

zone parameter input, the digits can appear in any order and can be optionally

separated by a blank space.) The SKIP command is display-only at remote

radios. (Remotes must be synchronized with the master radio to display the

skip status.)

In the USA, a maximum of four zones may be skipped, per FCC rules. Check

the regulatory requirements for your region.

Table 17. Frequency Zones

ZONE 1 ZONE 2 ZONE 3 ZONE 4 ZONE 5 ZONE 6 ZONE 7 ZONE 8

902.200

905.200

905.400

908.400

908.600

911.600

911.800

914.800

915.000

918.000

918.200

921.200

921.400

924.400

924.600

927.600

50 TransNET OEM Integration Guide MDS 05-3946A01, Rev. A

SLEEP [ON, OFF]

This command is used to set or display the radio’s Sleep Mode setting. The

default setting is SLEEP OFF. When this mode is enabled (ON), a ground or

logic low on Pin 6 of the 16-pin header connector (J3) suspends all normal

radio functions, and power consumption is reduced to approximately 8 mA.

The radio remains in this state until the low is removed. This function cannot

be turned on for a Master or Extension radio.

SREV

This command displays the version of the firmware currently loaded into the

transceiver.

A display of 06-4040A01, 2.0.0 is an example of the firmware version

identifier—part number followed by release/version number.

STAT

This command is used to check the alarm status of the radio. If no alarms

exist, the message NO ALARMS PRESENT is returned.

If an alarm does exist, a two-digit alarm code (00–31) is displayed and the

event is identified as a “Major” or “Minor” alarm. A brief description of the

event is also given.

If more than one alarm exists, the word MORE appears, and additional alarms

may be viewed by pressing the key. Detailed descriptions of the

alarm codes are provided in Table 18 on Page 53.

TEMP

This command displays the internal temperature of the transceiver in degrees

Celsius. (Note that the radio is specified to operate in an environment between

–30 C° and +60 C°). This internal reading may be higher than the outside

temperature by several degrees.

TX [xxxx]

This command sets or displays the test transmit frequency used in place of

hopping whenever the radio is in Setup mode. The test transmit frequency can

be reprogrammed to any value between 902.200 MHz and 927.800 MHz,

inclusive. The factory default setting is 915.000 MHz.

UNIT [10000–65000]

This command sets the unit addressing for network-wide diagnostics. The

unit address is factory programmed to the last four digits of the serial number.

If re-programmed in the field, the entry must consist of five digits between

10000 and 65000.

ENTER

MDS 05-3946A01, Rev. A TransNET OEM Integration Guide 51

XADDR [0–31]

Display or program the Extended Address of this radio that will serve as a

common address for the sub-network synchronized to this Master or

Extension. This value can be listed in the XPRI parameter of associated

Extension or Remote radios to allow them to synchronize to this radio. We

recommend setting the Master to zero (0). It is easy to remember, and is the

default address when the INIT command is used. (Programmed only in

Master and Extension radios.)

XMAP [00000000-FFFFFFFF]

XMAP is a 32-bit hex entry where the least significant bit represents XADDR

0 and the most significant bit represents XADDR 31. The full 32-bit hex

value represents the entire list of extensions with which the radio will be

allowed to communicate. (Remotes and Extensions only.)

This parameter is easily programmed through the TransNET Configuration

Software’s Store and Forward Settings panel.

XPRI [0–31]

Display or program the extended address of a primary radio with which this

radio will attempt to synchronize and communicate. A setting of NONE will

allow the unit to synchronize with any Master or Extension in the XMAP list.

(Parameter only meaningful for a Remote or Extension.)

XRSSI [NONE, –40...–120]

The XRSSI command is used to set the RSSI minimum signal level required

to preserve synchronization with a non-primary Extension radio. This

parameter will be ignored if XPRI is set to NONE.

ZONE CLEAR

The ZONE CLEAR command clears the zone data for all zones in the Zone

Data Log, resetting the count to 0. (Zone data is also cleared automatically

upon reboot.)

ZONE DATA

The transceiver divides its frequency operating spectrum into eight

3.2 MHz-wide zones. (These are the same zones referenced by the SKIP

command described earlier.) Data frame statistics are maintained for each

zone to indicate the transmission quality of data through the network. This

information is useful for identifying zones where significant interference

exists.

Zone quality information can be accessed using the ZONE DATA command.

For each zone (1–8), it shows you the number of data frames sent, the number

received, and the number received with errors. If an excessive number of

errors are seen in one or more frequency zones, it may indicate interference,

and you should consider “skipping” those zones using the SKIP command.

Note: If a frequency zone has been skipped, all counts for that zone will be

zeros.

52 TransNET OEM Integration Guide MDS 05-3946A01, Rev. A

The ZONE DATA format is displayed as follows:

1:TX TOTAL 00000000

1:RX TOTAL 00000000

1:RX ERROR 00000000

8:TX TOTAL 00000000

8:RX TOTAL 00000000

8:RX ERROR 00000000

All data is based on payload packets. Incoming network data may be divided

up into multiple packets for over-the-air transfers. The number before the

colon represents the zone. TX TOTAL is the transmit packet total. RX TOTAL is

the receive packet total. RX ERROR is the total number of received packets

with CRC errors. All zone data is reset with the ZONE CLEAR command.

10.0 TROUBLESHOOTING

Successful troubleshooting of the radio system is not difficult, but requires a

logical approach. It is best to begin troubleshooting at the master station, as

the rest of the system depends on the master for polling instructions and

synchronization data. If the master station has problems, the operation of the

entire network will be affected.

When communication problems are found, it is good practice to begin by

checking the simple things. All radios in the network must meet these basic

requirements:

• Adequate and stable primary power

• An efficient and properly aligned antenna system

• Secure connections (RF, data & power)

• Proper programming of the radio’s operating parameters, especially

Mode selection (MODE), Network Address (ADDR), and interface Baud

Rate (BAUD)

• The correct interface between the radio and the connected data

equipment (proper cable wiring, data format and timing).

• In store-and-forward systems there are several areas that must be

carefully evaluated:

• Duplicate XADDR values on MODE M and MODE X radios will cause

failures unless the radios are far enough apart to not hear each other.

• Errors in the synchronization qualiﬁers, XPRI and XMAP, on

corresponding Remote radios.

•SAF must be enabled at the Master

MDS 05-3946A01, Rev. A TransNET OEM Integration Guide 53

10.1 Alarm Codes

When an alarm condition exists, the transceiver creates an alarm code. These

codes can be very helpful in resolving many system difficulties.

Checking for Alarms—STAT command

To check for the presence of alarms, enter STAT. If no alarms exist, the

message NO ALARMS PRESENT appears at the top of the display.

If an alarm does exist, a two-digit alarm code (00–31) is displayed, and it is

identified as a major or minor alarm. A brief description of the alarm is also

given. Alarm codes and their meanings are listed in Table 18.

If more than one alarm exists, the word MORE appears at the bottom of the

screen; additional alarms can be viewed by pressing .

Major Alarms vs. Minor Alarms

Major alarms report serious conditions that generally indicate a hardware

failure, or other abnormal condition that will prevent (or seriously hamper)

further operation of the transceiver.

With the exception of alarm code 00 (network address not programmed),

major alarms generally indicate the need for factory repair. Contact your

factory representative for further assistance.

Minor alarms report conditions which, under most circumstances, will not

prevent transceiver operation. This includes out-of-tolerance conditions,

baud rate mismatches, etc. The cause of these alarms should be investigated

and corrected to prevent system failure.

Alarm Code Definitions

Table 18 contains a listing of all event codes that may be reported by the

transceiver.Additional alarm codes may be used in future firmware releases

or are used by the factory.

Table 18. Alarm Codes

Alarm

Code Alarm

Type Description

00 Major The network address is not programmed.

01 Major Improper firmware detected for this radio model.

04 Major One or more of the programmable synthesizer loops is reporting

an out-of-lock condition.

08 Major The system is reporting that it has not been calibrated. Factory

calibration is required for proper radio operation.

10 Major The DSP was unable to properly program the system to the ap-

propriate defaults. A hardware problem may exist.

12 Major Receiver time-out alarm.

16 Minor The unit address is not programmed.

ENTER

54 TransNET OEM Integration Guide MDS 05-3946A01, Rev. A

10.2 LED Indicators

The LED indicators on the transceiver board (CR3, CR-4, CR-5 and CR-6)

are an important troubleshooting tool and should be checked whenever a

problem is suspected. Table 19 describes the function of each status LED.

10.3 Troubleshooting Chart

Table 20 provides suggestions for resolving system difficulties that may be

experienced in the radio system. If problems persist, contact the factory for

further assistance. Refer to the inside back cover of this guide for contact

information.

17 Minor A data parity fault has been detected on the DATA connector.

This usually indicates a parity setting mismatch between the ra-

dio and the RTU.

18 Minor A data framing error has been detected on the DATA connector.

This may indicate a baud rate mismatch between the radio and

the RTU.

29 Minor RF output power fault detected. (Power differs by more than 2

dB from set level.) Often caused by high antenna system SWR.

Check antenna, feedline and connectors.

30 Minor The system is reporting an RSSI reading below –105 dBm.

31 Minor The transceiver’s internal temperature is approaching an

out-of-tolerance condition. If the temperature drifts outside of

the recommended operating range, system operation may fail.

Table 19. LED indicator descriptions

LED Name Description

RXD (CR3)

Receive Data

Serial receive data activity. Payload data from con-

nected device.

TXD (CR4)

Transmit Data

Serial transmit data activity. Payload data to con-

nected device.

DCD (CR5)

Data Carrier Detect

Continuous—Radio is receiving/sending synchroni-

zation frames

On within 10 seconds of power-up under normal

conditions

GP (CR6)

General Purpose •Continuous—Power is applied to the radio; no

problems detected

•Flashing (5 times-per-second)—Fault indication.

See “TROUBLESHOOTING” on Page 52

•Off—Radio is unpowered or in Sleep mode

Table 18. Alarm Codes (Continued)

Alarm

Code Alarm

Type Description

RXD

TXD

DCD

MDS 05-3946A01, Rev. A TransNET OEM Integration Guide 55

10.4 Network-Wide Remote Diagnostics

Diagnostics data from a remote radio can be obtained by connecting a laptop

or personal computer running InSite diagnostics software (V6.6 or later) at

any radio in the network.

Table 20. Troubleshooting chart

Difficulty Recommended System Checks

Unit is

inoperative. a.Check for the proper supply voltage at the transceiver, J3 Pins

5 and11.

b.If using the Evaluation Board, the surface mount fuse may have

opened. Refer to Section 4.3 below for replacement instruc-

tions.

Interference is

suspected. a.Verify that the system has a unique network address. Nearby

systems with the same address will cause interference.

b.Check for interference and lockout any affected zone(s) using

the SKIP command (Page 49).

c.If omnidirectional antennas are used on remote stations, con-

sider changing to directional antennas. This will often limit inter-

ference to and from other stations.

No synchroniza-

tion with master,

or poor overall

performance.

a.Check for secure interface connections at the radio and the

connected device.

b.Check the antenna, feedline and connectors. Reflected power

should be less than 10% of the forward power reading

(SWR ≈ 2:1 or lower).

c.If the remote radio is in synchronization, but performance is

poor, check the received signal strength using the RSSI com-

mand (Page 47). If RSSI is low, it may indicate antenna prob-

lems, or misalignment of directional antenna headings.

d.Verify proper programming of system parameters: mode, net-

work address, data interface baud rate, transmitter power, CTS

delay, etc. For store-and-forward applications, also verify the

following: SAF is ON; extended address is properly pro-

grammed at each extension; remotes are using the proper val-

ues for XPRI and XMAP.

e.Check for alarms using the STAT command (Page 50)

BER is too high.

Data throughput

is spotty.

a.The RETRY and REPEAT commands may be increased to

deal with interference, or decreased to increase throughput

and reduce latency.

b.Try turning on FEC. FEC on gives some coding gain, but

comes at the cost of reduced throughput.

Latency is too

high. a.Reduce the REPEAT count.

b.Turn BUFF OFF. BUFF ON insures that no gaps occur in the

data, but this comes at the cost of increased latency.

c.Make sure HOPTIME is set to 7.

56 TransNET OEM Integration Guide MDS 05-3946A01, Rev. A

NOTE: The diagnostics feature may not be available in all radios. The ability to query

and configure a radio via Network-wide Diagnostics is based on the feature op-

tions purchased in the radio being polled.

If a PC is connected to any radio in the network, intrusive polling (polling

which briefly interrupts payload data transmission) can be performed. To

perform diagnostics without interrupting payload data transmission, connect

the PC to a radio defined as the “root” radio. A radio is defined as a root radio

using the DTYPE ROOT command locally, at the radio.

A complete explanation of remote diagnostics can be found in the

Network-Wide Diagnostics System Handbook (Part No. 05-3467A01).

1. Program one radio in the network as the root radio by entering the

DTYPE ROOT command at the radio.

2. At the root radio, use the DLINK ON and DLINK [baud rate] commands to

conﬁgure the diagnostic link protocol on the RJ-11 port.

3. Program all other radios in the network as nodes by entering the

DTYPE NODE command at each radio.

4. Use the DLINK ON and DLINK [baud rate] commands to conﬁgure the

diagnostic link protocol on the RJ-11 port of each node radio.

5. Connect a PC on which InSite software is installed to the root radio, or to

one of the nodes, at the radio’s diagnostics port.

To connect a PC to the radio’s DIAG port, an RJ-11 to DB-9 adapter (Part

No. 03-3246A01) is required. If desired, an adapter cable may be

constructed from scratch, using the information shown in Figure 10 on

Page 11.

6. Launch the InSite program at the PC. (Refer to the InSite user’s manual

for details.)

Table 21. Network-Wide Diagnostics Commands

Command Description

DLINK [xxxxx/ON/OFF]

Details, page 43 Set baud rate of diagnostics link

DTYPE [NODE/ROOT]

Details, page 44 Set radio’s operational characteristics for net-

work-wide diagnostics

MDS 05-3946A01, Rev. A TransNET OEM Integration Guide 57

11.0 FIRMWARE UPGRADES

From time to time, the factory releases new firmware for its radio products.

An upgraded file can be installed in existing radios to take advantage of

engineering improvements or additional features.

11.1 Obtaining new firmware

The latest firmware for each radio type may be obtained free of charge from

our website: www.microwavedata.com/service/technical/support/downloads/.

Firmware is also available on disks from the factory that are bundled with an

installation utility (Radio Software Upgrade—upgrade.exe) for transferring

the firmware file on the disk to the radio.

Saving a Web-site firmware file to your PC

Firmware upgrades are distributed as a plain-text (ASCII) file with a “.S28”

extension. Browse to find the desired “.S28” file for your radio on the factory

website at www.microwavedata.com. After finding your selection, use the

right mouse button to select a path on your computer on which to save the file.

(If this isn’t done, your browser may display the firmware file contents as text

on the screen instead of downloading it to your local hard drive.)

After the “.S28” file has been saved to your computer, you may use either

TransNET Configuration Software or Radio Software Upgrade programs to

install this firmware in your radios.

11.2 Installing firmware in your radio

1. Connect a PC to radio’s diagnostic interface.

2. Start the TransNET Conﬁguration Software. Open diagnostics port to the

radio. The program will automatically read the radio’s proﬁle.

3. From the File menu select Radio Firmware Upgrade and follow the prompts

to install the new ﬁrmware into the radio. Do not press the Cancel button

once the installation has started or it will leave the radio without any

code. When the installation is complete, another radio may be connected

to your PC and programmed.

NOTE: If a firmware installation fails, the radio is left unprogrammed and inoperative.

This is indicated by the PWR LED flashing slowly (1 second on/1 second off).

This condition is only likely to occur if there is a power failure to the computer

or radio during the installation process. The installation should be attempted

again.

12.0 Security

Today, the operation and management of an enterprise is becoming

increasing dependent on electronic information flow. An accompanying

concern becomes the security of the communication infrastructure and the

security of the data itself. We take this matter seriously, and provide several

means for protecting the data carried over our wireless products.

58 TransNET OEM Integration Guide MDS 05-3946A01, Rev. A

Our radios address this issue primarily through the use of the following items:

1) A proprietary modem/data link layer—Data signals are processed using

code and hardware speciﬁcally designed by the manufacturer.

2) A unique Network Address—This provides a unique identiﬁer for each

radio in a network. A radio is not addressable unless this unique code is

included in the data string.

3) An optional encryption value (code)—Setting an encryption code

requires the use of the CODE command. This command scrambles the

radio’s hop pattern and encrypts payload data content. A radio requires

the correct Network Address (ADDR) and CODE value in order to

synchronize.

When the CODE command is used, the same value must

be programmed into all radios in the network. See “CODE [NONE,

1…255]” on Page 42 for more details.

The effective combination of CODE and ADDR discourage the use of an

exhaustive search to gain access to a system.

The items described above provide sufficient security for most systems. For

highly-sensitive applications, system designers should consider employing

application level encryption into their polling protocols to further protect their

systems. Third party software tools are available for adding encryption, and

these should be considered as part of any advanced encryption scheme.

13.0 Product Specifications

GENERAL

Frequency Hopping Range: Up to 128 frequencies within

902–928 MHz,

configurable in 3.2 MHz zones

Hop Pattern: Based on network address

Frequency Stability: ±1.5 ppm

Half-Duplex Operation: ±1.6 MHz TX/RX split

Network Addresses: 65,000

Temperature Range: –40° C to +70° C

Humidity: <95% at +40° C; non-condensing

Primary Power: 13.8 Vdc (6–30 Vdc range)

Current Draw (typical):

Transmit: 510 mA @ 13.8 Vdc

Receive: 115 mA @ 13.8 Vdc

Sleep Mode: 8 mA @ 13.8 Vdc

Physical Dimensions: 1.81"W x 3.45"L x 0.63"H

(46 x 87.5 x 16 mm)

Agency Approvals: • FCC Part 15.247 (E5MDS-EL806)

• FCC Modular Approval

• Industry Canada RSS-210 and RSS-139

(CAN 3738A-MDSEL806)

MDS 05-3946A01, Rev. A TransNET OEM Integration Guide 59

DATA CHARACTERISTICS

Data Interface: RS-232/422/485

Interface Connector: 16 pin header, female

Data Rate: 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, 19200, 38400,

57600, 115200 bps asynchronous

Data Latency: 7 ms (typical)

Byte Length: 10 or 11 bits

Maximum Data Transmission: Continuous up to 115200 bps

RF CHARACTERISTICS

TRANSMITTER:

Power Output

(at antenna connector): 1.0 Watt (+30 dBm) Max.

Reference Table 7 on Page 24

Duty Cycle: Continuous

Modulation Type: Binary CPFSK

Output Impedance: 50 Ohms

Spurious: –60 dBc

Harmonics: –55 dBc

RECEIVER:

Type: Double conversion superheterodyne

Sensitivity: –110 dBm

Intermodulation: 54 dB minimum (EIA)

Desensitization: 75 dB

Spurious: 70 dB minimum

Bandwidth: 200 kHz

Interference Ratio

(SINAD degraded by 3dB): Co-channel:–10 dB

Adjacent channel:+30 dB

Two channels away:+40 dB

Three channels away:+48 dB

Time Required to Synchronize

with Master Radio: 0.5 seconds (typical)

:13.1 Detailed Pin Descriptions

The tables in this section give detailed pin functions for the transceiver’s

16-pin header connector, J3 (see Figure 21). The tables are organized

according to the available signaling configurations of the OEM transceiver.

(Figure 2 on Page 3 may be used to determine which configuration you have.)

Signaling configuration is hardware fixed at the time of manufacture and will

be one of the following:

• TTL signaling for both Payload and Diagnostic data

• Payload data TTL; Diagnostic data RS-232

• Payload data RS-232/RS-485 selectable; Diagnostic data RS-232

60 TransNET OEM Integration Guide MDS 05-3946A01, Rev. A

Figure 21. 16-pin Header Connector

(J3) on OEM Transceiver Board

(See parts list (Page18) for information on

matching connector)

Table 22. Transceiver Connector J3 Pinouts

(Payload data TTL; Diagnostic data TTL)

Pin No. Input/

Output Signal

Type Name/Description

1IN --Ground—Connects to ground (negative supply

potential).

2 OUT TTL, 3 Vdc Diagnostic TXD—Supplies received diagnos-

tic/administrative data to the connected device.

3 OUT TTL, 3 Vdc Alarm condition—A low indicates normal opera-

tion. A high indicates an alarm. (See ASENSE

[HI/LO] command for more information.)

4 IN TTL, 3 Vdc Diagnostic RXD—Accepts diagnostic/adminis-

trative data from the connected device.

5 IN -- FCC 5-25 Vdc version: DC Input (5-25 Vdc)—

Supply Source must be capable of furnishing at

least 7.5 watts.

Non-FCC 3 Vdc version: Do not connect

6 IN TTL, 3 Vdc Sleep Mode Input—A ground on this pin turns off

most circuits in a remote radio. This allows for

greatly reduced power consumption, yet pre-

serves the radio’s ability to be brought quickly

back on line. See “Sleep Mode Operation (Re-

mote units only)” on Page 31 for details.

7 OUT TTL, 3 Vdc Data Carrier Detect (DCD)—A low indicates hop-

ping synchronization has been achieved.

8 IN TTL, 3 Vdc Power Supply Shutdown Control—A ground on

this pin causes the OEM module’s power supply

to shut down.

9 -- -- Non-FCC 3 Vdc version: DC Input (Regulated

3.3 Vdc)—Supply Source must be capable of fur-

nishing at least 7.5 watts.

FCC 5-25 Vdc version: Do not connect

14 13

12 11

MDS 05-3946A01, Rev. A TransNET OEM Integration Guide 61

10 IN TTL, 3 Vdc Transmitted Data (TXD)—Accepts payload data

from the connected device.

11 IN -- FCC 5-25 Vdc version: DC Input (5-25 Vdc)—

Supply Source must be capable of furnishing at

least 7.5 watts.

Non-FCC 3 Vdc version: Do not connect

12 IN TTL, 3 Vdc Request to Send (RTS)—A high causes CTS to

follow after the programmed CTS delay time has

elapsed (DCE).

13 -- -- Reserved—Do not connect.

14 OUT TTL, 3 Vdc Received Data (RXD)—Supplies received pay-

load data to the connected device.

15 IN -- Ground—Connects to ground (negative supply

potential).

16 OUT TTL, 3 Vdc Clear to Send (CTS)—Goes high after the pro-

grammed CTS delay time has elapsed (DCE), or

keys an attached radio when RF data arrives

(CTS KEY).

Table 23. Transceiver Connector J3 Pinouts

(Payload data TTL; Diagnostic data RS-232)

Pin No. Input/

Output Signal

Type Name/Description

1IN --Ground—Connects to ground (negative supply

potential).

2 OUT RS-232 Diagnostic TXD—Supplies received diagnos-

tic/administrative data to the connected device.

3 OUT TTL, 3 Vdc Alarm condition—A low indicates normal opera-

tion. A high indicates an alarm. (See ASENSE

[HI/LO] command for more information.)

4 IN RS-232 Diagnostic RXD—Accepts diagnostic/adminis-

trative data from the connected device.

5 IN -- FCC 5-25 Vdc version: DC Input (5-25 Vdc)—

Supply Source must be capable of furnishing at

least 7.5 watts.

Non-FCC 3 Vdc version: Do not connect

Table 22. Transceiver Connector J3 Pinouts

(Payload data TTL; Diagnostic data TTL) (Continued)

62 TransNET OEM Integration Guide MDS 05-3946A01, Rev. A

6 IN TTL, 3 Vdc Sleep Mode Input—A ground on this pin turns off

most circuits in a remote radio. This allows for

greatly reduced power consumption, yet pre-

serves the radio’s ability to be brought quickly

back on line. See “Sleep Mode Operation (Re-

mote units only)” on Page 31 for details.

7 OUT TTL, 3 Vdc Data Carrier Detect (DCD)—A low indicates hop-

ping synchronization has been achieved.

8 IN TTL, 3 Vdc Power Supply Shutdown Control—A ground on

this pin causes the OEM module’s power supply

to shut down.

9 -- -- Reserved—Do not connect.

10 IN TTL, 3 Vdc Transmitted Data (TXD)—Accepts payload data

from the connected device.

11 IN -- FCC 5-25 Vdc version: DC Input (5-25 Vdc)—

Supply Source must be capable of furnishing at

least 7.5 watts.

Non-FCC 3 Vdc version: Do not connect

12 IN TTL, 3 Vdc Request to Send (RTS)—A high causes CTS to

follow after the programmed CTS delay time has

elapsed (DCE).

13 -- -- Reserved—Do not connect.

14 OUT TTL, 3 Vdc Received Data (RXD)—Supplies received pay-

load data to the connected device.

15 IN -- Ground—Connects to ground (negative supply

potential).

16 OUT TTL, 3 Vdc Clear to Send (CTS)—Goes high after the pro-

grammed CTS delay time has elapsed (DCE), or

keys an attached radio when RF data arrives

(CTS KEY).

Table 23. Transceiver Connector J3 Pinouts

(Payload data TTL; Diagnostic data RS-232) (Continued)

MDS 05-3946A01, Rev. A TransNET OEM Integration Guide 63

Table 24. Transceiver Connector J3 Pinouts

(Payload data RS-232; Diagnostic data RS-232)

Pin No. Input/

Output Signal

Type Name/Description

1IN --Ground—Connects to ground (negative supply

potential).

2 OUT RS-232 Diagnostic TXD—Supplies received diagnos-

tic/administrative data to the connected device.

3 OUT TTL, 3 Vdc Alarm condition—A low indicates normal opera-

tion. A high indicates an alarm. (See ASENSE

[HI/LO] command for more information.)

4 IN RS-232 Diagnostic RXD—Accepts diagnostic/adminis-

trative data from the connected device.

5 IN -- FCC 5-25 Vdc version: DC Input (5-25 Vdc)—

Supply Source must be capable of furnishing at

least 7.5 watts.

Non-FCC 3 Vdc version: Do not connect

6 IN TTL, 3 Vdc Sleep Mode Input—A ground on this pin turns off

most circuits in a remote radio. This allows for

greatly reduced power consumption, yet pre-

serves the radio’s ability to be brought quickly

back on line. See “Sleep Mode Operation (Re-

mote units only)” on Page 31 for details.

7 OUT TTL, 3 Vdc Data Carrier Detect (DCD)—A low indicates hop-

ping synchronization has been achieved.

8 IN TTL, 3 Vdc Power Supply Shutdown Control—A ground on

this pin causes the OEM module’s power supply

to shut down.

9 -- -- Reserved—Do not connect.

10 IN RS-232,

+/- 5 Vdc Transmitted Data (TXD)—Accepts payload data

from the connected device.

11 IN -- FCC 5-25 Vdc version: DC Input (5-25 Vdc)—

Supply Source must be capable of furnishing at

least 7.5 watts.

Non-FCC 3 Vdc version: Do not connect

12 IN RS-232,

+/- 5 Vdc Request to Send (RTS)—A high causes CTS to

follow after the programmed CTS delay time has

elapsed (DCE).

64 TransNET OEM Integration Guide MDS 05-3946A01, Rev. A

13 -- -- Reserved—Do not connect.

14 OUT RS-232,

+/- 5 Vdc Received Data (RXD)—Supplies received pay-

load data to the connected device.

15 IN -- Ground—Connects to ground (negative supply

potential).

16 OUT RS-232,

+/- 5 Vdc Clear to Send (CTS)—Goes high after the pro-

grammed CTS delay time has elapsed (DCE), or

keys an attached radio when RF data arrives

(CTS KEY).

Table 25. Transceiver Connector J3 Pinouts

(Payload data RS-485; Diagnostic data RS-232)

Pin No. Input/

Output Signal

Type Name/Description

1IN -- Ground—Connects to ground (negative supply

potential).

2 OUT RS-232 Diagnostic TXD—Supplies received diagnos-

tic/administrative data to the connected device.

3 OUT TTL, 3 Vdc Alarm condition—A low indicates normal opera-

tion. A high indicates an alarm. (See ASENSE

[HI/LO] command for more information.)

4 IN RS-232 Diagnostic RXD—Accepts diagnostic/adminis-

trative data from the connected device.

5 IN -- FCC 5-25 Vdc version: DC Input (5-25 Vdc)—

Supply Source must be capable of furnishing at

least 7.5 watts.

Non-FCC 3 Vdc version: Do not connect

6 IN TTL, 3 Vdc Sleep Mode Input—A ground on this pin turns off

most circuits in a remote radio. This allows for

greatly reduced power consumption, yet pre-

serves the radio’s ability to be brought quickly

back on line. See “Sleep Mode Operation (Re-

mote units only)” on Page 31 for details.

7 OUT TTL, 3 Vdc Data Carrier Detect (DCD)—A low indicates hop-

ping synchronization has been achieved.

8 IN TTL, 3 Vdc Power Supply Shutdown Control—A ground on

this pin causes the OEM module’s power supply

to shut down.

9 -- -- Reserved—Do not connect.

Table 24. Transceiver Connector J3 Pinouts

(Payload data RS-232; Diagnostic data RS-232) (Continued)

MDS 05-3946A01, Rev. A TransNET OEM Integration Guide 65

10 IN Differential RXD+/RXA (Transmitted Data+)—Non-inverting

receiver input. Accepts payload data from the

connected device.

11 IN -- FCC 5-25 Vdc version: DC Input (5-25 Vdc)—

Supply Source must be capable of furnishing at

least 7.5 watts.

Non-FCC 3 Vdc version: Do not connect

12 IN Differential RXD-/RXA (Transmitted Data-)—Inverting re-

ceiver input.

13 -- -- Reserved—Do not connect.

14 OUT Differential TXD+/TXA (Received Data+)—Non-inverting

driver output. Supplies received payload data to

the connected device.

15 IN -- Ground—Connects to ground (negative supply

potential).

16 OUT Differential TXD-/TXA (Received Data-)—Inverting driver

output.

Table 25. Transceiver Connector J3 Pinouts

(Payload data RS-485; Diagnostic data RS-232) (Continued)

66 TransNET OEM Integration Guide MDS 05-3946A01, Rev. A

14.0 dBm-Watts-Volts Conversion Chart

Table 26 is provided as a convenience for determining the equivalent voltage

or wattage of an RF power expressed in dBm with 50 Ohms load.

Table 26. dBm-Watts-Volts Conversion Chart

dBm V Po

+53 100.0 200W

+50 70.7 100W

+49 64.0 80W

+48 58.0 64W

+47 50.0 50W

+46 44.5 40W

+45 40.0 32W

+44 32.5 25W

+43 32.0 20W

+42 28.0 16W

+41 26.2 12.5W

+40 22.5 10W

+39 20.0 8W

+38 18.0 6.4W

+37 16.0 5W

+36 14.1 4W

+35 12.5 3.2W

+34 11.5 2.5W

+33 10.0 2W

+32 9.0 1.6W

+31 8.0 1.25W

+30 7.10 1.0W

+29 6.40 800mW

+28 5.80 640mW

+27 5.00 500mW

+26 4.45 400mW

+25 4.00 320mW

+24 3.55 250mW

+23 3.20 200mW

+22 2.80 160mW

+21 2.52 125mW

+20 2.25 100mW

+19 2.00 80mW

+18 1.80 64mW

+17 1.60 50mW

+16 1.41 40mW

+15 1.25 32mW

+14 1.15 25mW

+13 1.00 20mW

+12 .90 16mW

+11 .80 12.5mW

+10 .71 10mW

+9 .64 8mW

+8 .58 6.4mW

+7 .500 5mW

+6 .445 4mW

+5 .400 3.2mW

+4 .355 2.5mW

+3 .320 2.0mW

+2 .280 1.6mW

+1 .252 1.25mW

dBm V Po

0 .225 1.0mW

-1 .200 .80mW

-2 .180 .64mW

-3 .160 .50mW

-4 .141 .40mW

-5 .125 .32mW

-6 .115 .25mW

-7 .100 .20mW

-8 .090 .16mW

-9 .080 .125mW

-10 .071 .10mW

-11 .064

-12 .058

-13 .050

-14 .045

-15 .040

-16 .0355

dBm mV Po

-17 31.5

-18 28.5

-19 25.1

-20 22.5 .01mW

-21 20.0

-22 17.9

-23 15.9

-24 14.1

-25 12.8

-26 11.5

-27 10.0

-28 8.9

-29 8.0

-30 7.1 .001mW

-31 6.25

-32 5.8

-33 5.0

-34 4.5

-35 4.0

-36 3.5

-37 3.2

-38 2.85

-39 2.5

-40 2.25 .1µW

-41 2.0

-42 1.8

-43 1.6

-44 1.4

-45 1.25

-46 1.18

-47 1.00

-48 0.90

dBm mV Po

-49 0.80

-50 0.71 .01µW

-51 0.64

-52 0.57

-53 0.50

-54 0.45

-55 0.40

-56 0.351

-57 0.32

-58 0.286

-59 0.251

-60 0.225 .001µW

-61 0.200

-62 0.180

-63 0.160

-64 0.141

dBm µV Po

-65 128

-66 115

-67 100

-68 90

-69 80

-70 71 .1nW

-71 65

-72 58

-73 50

-74 45

-75 40

-76 35

-77 32

-78 29

-79 25

-80 22.5 .01nW

-81 20.0

-82 18.0

-83 16.0

-84 11.1

-85 12.9

-86 11.5

-87 10.0

-88 9.0

-89 8.0

-90 7.1 .001nW

-91 6.1

-92 5.75

-93 5.0

-94 4.5

-95 4.0

-96 3.51

-97 3.2

dBm µV Po

-98 2.9

-99 2.51

-100 2.25 .1pW

-101 2.0

-102 1.8

-103 1.6

-104 1.41

-105 1.27

-106 1.18

dBm nV Po

-107 1000

-108 900

-109 800

-110 710 .01pW

-111 640

-112 580

-113 500

-114 450

-115 400

-116 355

-117 325

-118 285

-119 251

-120 225

.001pW

-121 200

-122 180

-123 160

-124 141

-125 128

-126 117

-127 100

-128 90

-129 80 .1ƒW

-130 71

-131 61

-132 58

-133 50

-134 45

-135 40

-136 35

-137 33

-138 29

-139 25

-140 23 .01ƒW

MDS 05-3946A01, Rev. A TransNET OEM Integration Guide G-1

GLOSSARY

Antenna System Gain—A figure, normally expressed in dB, representing

the power increase resulting from the use of a gain-type antenna. System

losses (from the feedline and coaxial connectors, for example) are subtracted

from this figure to calculate the total antenna system gain.

ARQ—Automatic Repeat Request. An error-correction technique whereby

flawed data packets are detected and a request for re-transmission is issued.

Bit—The smallest unit of digital data, often represented by a one or a zero.

Eight bits (plus start, stop, and parity bits) usually comprise a byte.

Bits-per-second—See BPS.

BPS—Bits-per-second. A measure of the information transfer rate of digital

data across a communication channel.

Byte—A string of digital data usually made up of eight data bits and start,

stop, and parity bits.

Decibel (dB)—A measure of the ratio between two signal levels. Frequently

used to express the gain (or loss) of a system.

Data Circuit-terminating Equipment—See DCE.

Data Communications Equipment—See DCE.

Data Terminal Equipment—See DTE.

dBi—Decibels referenced to an “ideal” isotropic radiator in free space.

Frequently used to express antenna gain.

dBm—Decibels referenced to one milliwatt. An absolute unit used to

measure signal power, as in transmitter power output, or received signal

strength.

DCE—Data Circuit-terminating Equipment (or Data Communications

Equipment). In data communications terminology, this is the “modem” side

of a computer-to-modem connection. By default, MDS transceivers are set as

DCE devices.

Digital Signal Processing—See DSP.

DSP—Digital Signal Processing. DSP circuitry is responsible for the most

critical real-time tasks; primarily modulation, demodulation, and servicing of

the data port.

DTE—Data Terminal Equipment. A device that provides data in the form of

digital signals at its output. Connects to the DCE device.

Equalization—The process of reducing the effects of amplitude, frequency

or phase distortion with compensating networks.

Extended Address—A user-selectable number between 0 and 31 that

identifies a group of transceivers that are part of a common sub-network. It is

recommended the Master be assigned XADDR 0 and the values of 1-31

assigned to Extension radios.

G-2 TransNET OEM Integration Guide MDS 05-3946A01, Rev. A

Extension Radio—A radio in a TransNET spread-spectrum network that

serves as a gateway between vertically adjacent sub-networks. See

Store-and-Forward.

Fade Margin—The greatest tolerable reduction in average received signal

strength that will be anticipated under most conditions. Provides an

allowance for reduced signal strength due to multipath, slight antenna

movement or changing atmospheric losses. A fade margin of 20 to 30 dB is

usually sufficient in most systems.

Frame—A segment of data that adheres to a specific data protocol and

contains definite start and end points. It provides a method of synchronizing

transmissions.

Frequency Hopping—The spread spectrum technique used by the

transceiver, wherein two or more associated radios change their operating

frequencies several times per second using a set pattern. Since the pattern

appears to jump around, it is said to “hop” from one frequency to another.

Frequency Zone—The transceivers use up to 128 discrete channels in the

902 to 928 MHz spectrums. A group of 16 channels is referred to as a zone.

The transceivers use five to eight frequency zones.

Hardware Flow Control—A transceiver feature used to prevent data buffer

overruns when handling high-speed data from the RTU or PLC. When the

buffer approaches overflow, the radio drops the clear-to-send (CTS) line,

which instructs the RTU or PLC to delay further transmission until CTS again

returns to the high state.

Host Computer—The computer installed at the master station site, which

controls the collection of data from one or more remote sites.

Latency—The delay (usually expressed in milliseconds) between when data

is applied to TXD (Pin 2) at one radio, until it appears at RXD (Pin 3) at the

other radio.

MAS—Multiple Address System. A radio system where a central master

station communicates with several remote stations for the purpose of

gathering telemetry data.

Master (Station)—The one radio transceiver in a spread spectrum network

that automatically provides synchronization information to one or more

associated remote transceivers. A radio may be programmed for either master

or remote mode using software commands.

Multiple Address System (MAS)—See Point-Multipoint System.

Network Address—User-selectable number between 1 and 65000 that is

used to identify a group of transceivers that form a communications network.

The master and all remotes within a given system must have the same

network address.

Point-Multipoint System—A radio communications network or system

designed with a central control station that exchanges data with a number of

remote locations equipped with terminal equipment.

MDS 05-3946A01, Rev. A TransNET OEM Integration Guide G-3

Poll—A request for data issued from the host computer (or master PLC) to a

remote radio.

PLC—Programmable Logic Controller. A dedicated microprocessor

configured for a specific application with discrete inputs and outputs. It can

serve as a host or as an RTU.

Remote Radio—A radio in a spread spectrum network that communicates

with an associated master station. A radio may be programmed for either

master or remote mode using software commands.

Remote Terminal Unit—See RTU.

Repeater—A radio that receives RF data and retransmits it. See

Store-and-Forward.

RTU—Remote Terminal Unit. A data collection device installed at a remote

radio site.

SCADA—Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition. An overall term for

the functions commonly provided through an MAS radio system.

Standing Wave Ratio—See SWR.

Sub-Network—A group of transceivers and the corresponding radio that

they are directly synchronized to. A sub-network can be identified by

Extended Address. See Store-and-Forward.

Store-and-Forward—A radio that receives RF data and retransmits it. In the

TransNET product line, store and forward is defined as a network that

consists of vertically adjacent sub-networks that alternate communicating

upstream and downstream. The transceiver performs store and forward at the

internal data frame level (not the user data level) which allows the equipment

to stream data with minimal latency through each Extension/Repeater radio

station.

SWR—Standing Wave Ratio. A parameter related to the ratio between

forward transmitter power and the reflected power from the antenna system.

As a general guideline, reflected power should not exceed 10% of the forward

power (≈ 2:1 SWR).

TTL—Transistor-Transistor Logic. A form of digital switching that utilizes

bipolar transistors to sense “high” and “low” logic levels (1 and 0,

respectively).

Zone—See Frequency Zone.

G-4 TransNET OEM Integration Guide MDS 05-3946A01, Rev. A

MDS 05-3946A01, Rev. A TransNET OEM Integration Guide I-1

INDEX

Accessories (table) 6

ADDR command (set/display radio

network address) 40

Alarm

checking for 53

code deﬁnitions 53

codes 53

codes, table 53

major vs. minor 53

receiver timeout (RXTOT

command) 48

reset output signal 41

set/display output sense (ASENSE

command) 41

status (STAT command) 50

ALARM command (superseded; see

STAT command) 50

AMASK command (conﬁgure alarm

output signal) 41

Antenna

performance optimization 23

selection 21

SWR check 23

Yagi, illustrated 22

ASENSE command (set/display alarm

output sense) 41

BAUD command (set/display data

interface port attributes) 41

Baud rate

setting 24

setting for RJ-11 DIAG port (DLINK

command) 56

Benchtop Setup & Evaluation 7–??

BUFF command (set/display received

data handling mode) 41

Cable

data equipment to DATA

INTERFACE connector 21, 34

data interface wiring for tail-end

links 26

feedlines 22

maximum length, recommended 13,

CODE command (display/set

encryption value) 42

Commands

ADDR (set/display radio network

address) 40

AMASK (conﬁgure alarm output

signal) 41

ASENSE (set/display alarm output

sense) 41

BAUD (set/display data interface

port attributes) 41

BUFF (set/display received data

handling mode) 41

CODE (set/display encryption

value) 42

CTS (set/display CTS line response

timer) 42

CTSHOLD (set/display CTS hold

timer) 43

detailed descriptions 40–51

DEVICE (set/display DCE or CTS

Key behavior) 43

display operating status 36

DKEY (disable transmitter) 44

DTYPE (set radio’s diagnostics

type) 44

FEC (Forward Error Correction) 44

HOPTIME (set/display hoptime

setting) 44

how used 40

INIT (restore factory default

settings) 44

MODE (display/set radio mode as

master, remote, or extension) 45

most often used commands 40

network conﬁguration 35

OWM (set/display optional owner’s

message) 45

OWN (set/display optional owner’s

name) 45

PORT (display/set current data

port) 45

PWR (set/display RF forward output

power) 46, 47

RSSI (display received signal

strength) 47

RTU (enable/disable internal

RTU) 48

RX (set/display test receive

I-2 TransNET OEM Integration Guide MDS 05-3946A01, Rev. A

frequency) 48

RXTOT (set/display received data

timeout value) 48

SAF (store-and-forward) 48

SETUP (enter testing and setup

mode) 48

SHOW (display measured power

output) 49

SKIP (set/display frequency zone to

skip) 49

SLEEP (display/set radio’s sleep

mode setting) 50

SREV (display transceiver software

version) 50

STAT (list alarms) 50

TEMP (display internal

temperature) 50

XADDR (display or program

extended address) 51

XMAP (32-bit hex list of

extensions) 51

XPRI (display/program primary

radio’s extended address) 51

XRSSI (sets minimum signal level

for sync. with non-primary

extension unit) 51

Data buffer setting 23, 41

DATA INTERFACE

connector pin descriptions, table 13

Data interface

cable wiring for tail-end links,

illustrated 26

Default settings

data interface baud rate 24

factory settings reset by INIT

command (table) 46

restoring (INIT command) 44

GE MDS DS-EL806 EL806 OEM Transnet User Manual 3946A TNET OEM Body

GE MDS LLC EL806 OEM Transnet 3946A TNET OEM Body

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