GE MDS DS-LEDR700S Digital Radio User Manual 3627D LEDR Body

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Date Submitted	2003-03-21 00:00:00
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Document Title	3627D-LEDR_Body.book
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LEDR Series
Digital Microwave Radios
Covering LEDR 400S/F, 700S, 900S/F, 1400S/F Models
Including Protected (1+1) and Space Diversity Versions
P/N 05-3627A01, Rev. D
JANUARY 2003
Installation & Operation Guide
Microwave Data Systems Inc.
QUICK-START GUIDE
LEDR Series radios are supplied from the factory in matched pairs and are configured to user’s specifications. There are a few steps necessary to place the pair on-the-air communicating with each other.
Once this is done, system-specific parameters will need to be reviewed and changed to match your
requirements. Below are the basic steps for installing the LEDR radio. For more detailed instructions,
please see “INITIAL STARTUP AND CONFIGURATION” on page 25. When making cable connections,
refer to Section 3.6, Rear Panel Connectors, on page 17 for a rear panel view of the radio.
1.
Install and connect the antenna system to the radio
• Ensure a path study has been conducted and that the radio path is acceptable.
• Use good quality, low loss coaxial cable. Keep the cable as short as possible.
• Preset directional antennas in the direction of desired transmission/reception.
2.
Connect the data equipment to the rear panel data interface
• The data interface should be an RJ-45 connector for Fractional-T1, Fractional-E1, or E1, and a
DB-25 connector for EIA-530.
• Verify the customer premises data equipment is configured as DTE. (By default, the LEDR radio is
configured as DCE.)
3.
Apply DC power to the radio
• Verify that the line voltage matches the power supply input range (typically 24 Vdc or 48 Vdc).
• The power connector is a three-pin keyed connector. The power source can be connected with
either polarity. The center conductor is not connected.
• Ensure the chassis Ground lug is connected to an appropriate ground point.
4.
Change SUPER password and set up user access
• Login to Network Management System, using the password SUPER.
(See “login” on page 68.)
• Change the password using the PASSWD command. (See “passwd” on page 72.)
• Set up required users, passwords and access levels using the USER command, as required.
(See “user” on page 86.)
5.
Set the radio’s basic configuration using front panel or Console interface
• Set the transmit/receive frequencies (TX xxx.xxxx/RX xxx.xxxx) if they need to be changed from the
factory settings. (See “freq” on page 59.)
• Refer to this manual for other configuration settings.
6.
Verify and set the following parameters as necessary to allow data throughput and interconnection with the network.
• RF transmit and receive frequencies. (See “freq” on page 59.)
• Radio modulation type and data rate parameters. (See “modem” on page 71.).
• Data interface clocking. (See “clkmode” on page 55.).
• Data framing. (See “fstruct” on page 59.).
Quick-Start instructions continued on the rear cover of this manual.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.0 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................. 1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
Product Description ....................................................................................................................... 1
LEDR Features .............................................................................................................................. 2
Typical Applications ....................................................................................................................... 3
Protected Configuration ................................................................................................................. 3
2.0 MODEL NUMBER CODES................................................................................................... 4
3.0 HARDWARE INSTALLATION AND BASIC INTERFACE REQUIREMENTS ........................ 7
3.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 7
3.2 General Requirements .................................................................................................................. 7
Site Selection ................................................................................................................................... 8
Terrain and Signal Strength ............................................................................................................. 8
On-the-Air Test ................................................................................................................................. 9
A Word About Interference............................................................................................................... 9
3.3 Antenna and Feedline Selection .................................................................................................. 10
Antennas........................................................................................................................................ 10
Feedlines ....................................................................................................................................... 11
3.4 Radio Mounting ........................................................................................................................... 13
Maximizing RSSI............................................................................................................................ 13
Attaching the Rack Mounting Brackets .......................................................................................... 13
3.5 Front Panel .................................................................................................................................. 14
Indicators, Text Display and Navigation Keys................................................................................. 14
Connectors..................................................................................................................................... 16
3.6 Rear Panel Connectors ............................................................................................................... 17
Connector Locations ...................................................................................................................... 17
Ground Stud................................................................................................................................... 18
Antenna/TX—RF Connector .......................................................................................................... 18
RX—RF Connector ........................................................................................................................ 18
G.703/Expansion Data................................................................................................................... 19
Ethernet ......................................................................................................................................... 19
EIA-530-A ...................................................................................................................................... 20
Service Channel ............................................................................................................................ 20
Alarm I/O........................................................................................................................................ 21
DC Power Input (Primary Power) ................................................................................................... 22
Protected Configuration Connections ............................................................................................ 23
3.7 Bandwidths, Data Rates and Modulation Types .......................................................................... 23
3.8 Transmit Clock Selection (Subrate Radios Only) ......................................................................... 24
4.0 INITIAL STARTUP AND CONFIGURATION ....................................................................... 25
4.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................. 25
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LEDR Series I/O Guide
4.2 STEP 1—Power up the LEDR Radios ......................................................................................... 25
4.3 STEP 2—Establish Communications with the Radio .................................................................. 26
4.4 STEP 3—Make Initial Login to Radio .......................................................................................... 26
4.5 STEP 4—Change the SUPER Password .................................................................................... 27
4.6 STEP 5—Review Essential Operating Parameters ..................................................................... 28
4.7 STEP 6—Set TCP/IP Settings to Enable SNMP and/or Telnet Management (if required) .......... 29
4.8 STEP 7—Set User Configurable Fields ....................................................................................... 29
4.9 STEP 8—Verify Radio Performance ............................................................................................ 29
4.10 STEP 9—Install the Link ........................................................................................................... 29
4.11 STEP 10—Verify the Link Performance .................................................................................... 29
5.0 CONFIGURATION AND CONTROL VIA THE FRONT PANEL........................................... 29
5.1 Front Panel LCD Menu Descriptions ........................................................................................... 32
CONSOLE ..................................................................................................................................... 32
Default Screen ............................................................................................................................... 32
Diagnostics .................................................................................................................................... 32
Front Panel..................................................................................................................................... 33
G.821 ............................................................................................................................................. 33
General .......................................................................................................................................... 34
IO Configuration............................................................................................................................. 35
Line Configuration.......................................................................................................................... 36
Login .............................................................................................................................................. 38
Logout ............................................................................................................................................ 38
Modem ........................................................................................................................................... 38
Network.......................................................................................................................................... 39
Orderwire ....................................................................................................................................... 40
Performance................................................................................................................................... 40
Redundant ..................................................................................................................................... 41
Remote Status ............................................................................................................................... 42
RF Configuration............................................................................................................................ 42
6.0 CONFIGURATION AND CONTROL VIA THE CONSOLE PORT ...................................... 43
6.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................. 43
6.2 Initial Connection to the CONSOLE Port ..................................................................................... 44
6.3 NMS Commands ......................................................................................................................... 44
Command Entry Hints—Recalling Commands .............................................................................. 44
6.4 Command Detailed Descriptions ................................................................................................. 48
Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 48
6.5 Disabling the Front Panel Alarm LED for Unused E1 Option Ports ............................................. 88
7.0 STANDARDIZING RADIO CONFIGURATIONS.................................................................. 90
7.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................. 90
7.2 Setup by TFTP ............................................................................................................................. 91
Finding IP Addresses..................................................................................................................... 91
Downloading Procedure................................................................................................................. 91
Uploading Procedure ..................................................................................................................... 91
7.3 Setup Through the DB-9 CONSOLE Port ................................................................................... 92
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LEDR Series I/O Guide
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
8.0 UPGRADING LEDR FIRMWARE ....................................................................................... 93
8.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................. 93
8.2 OPTION 1: Uploading Firmware via the CONSOLE Port ............................................................ 94
Setup.............................................................................................................................................. 94
Download Procedure ..................................................................................................................... 94
Verification and Reboot.................................................................................................................. 94
8.3 OPTION 2: Uploading Firmware Locally by Telnet via Ethernet .................................................. 95
Setup.............................................................................................................................................. 96
Download Procedure ..................................................................................................................... 96
Verification and Reboot.................................................................................................................. 97
8.4 OPTION 3: Uploading Firmware from a Remote Server via Ethernet ......................................... 97
Setup.............................................................................................................................................. 97
Download Procedure ..................................................................................................................... 98
Verification and Reboot.................................................................................................................. 99
9.0 USING ORDERWIRE ......................................................................................................... 99
9.1
9.2
9.3
9.4
Introduction .................................................................................................................................. 99
Setup ........................................................................................................................................... 99
Operation ...................................................................................................................................100
Related NMS Commands ..........................................................................................................101
10.0 USING THE SERVICE CHANNEL.................................................................................. 101
10.1
10.2
10.3
10.4
Concept ...................................................................................................................................101
Setup .......................................................................................................................................101
Usage ......................................................................................................................................102
NMS Commands .....................................................................................................................102
11.0 PROTECTED CONFIGURATION ................................................................................... 103
11.1 Introduction ..............................................................................................................................103
11.2 Protected Operation ................................................................................................................104
Transmitter Failure .......................................................................................................................104
Receiver Failure ...........................................................................................................................105
11.3 Configuration Options—Warm or Hot Standby ........................................................................105
11.4 PSC Rear Panel Connectors ...................................................................................................105
RxA ..............................................................................................................................................106
RxB ..............................................................................................................................................106
Antenna........................................................................................................................................106
TxA...............................................................................................................................................106
TxB...............................................................................................................................................106
Protected (Data)...........................................................................................................................106
E1.................................................................................................................................................106
Ethernet .......................................................................................................................................106
530 (A&B) ....................................................................................................................................106
EIA-530-A ....................................................................................................................................107
Service Channel ..........................................................................................................................107
11.5 Inter-Unit Cabling for Protected Stations .................................................................................107
11.6 Configuration Commands for a Protected System ..................................................................108
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LEDR Series I/O Guide
iii
Redundant Specific Parameters ..................................................................................................109
Sample Redundant Configuration Session ..................................................................................109
Transmit Clock Selection (Subrate Models Only).........................................................................110
12.0 SPACE DIVERSITY OPERATION................................................................................... 111
12.1
12.2
12.3
12.4
Introduction ..............................................................................................................................111
User Interface & Control ..........................................................................................................111
Transmit Clock Selection .........................................................................................................111
Inter-Unit Cabling for Space Diversity Stations ........................................................................ 112
13.0 SPARE PARTS, UNITS AND ACCESSORIES................................................................ 113
13.1 Spares .....................................................................................................................................113
13.2 Accessories .............................................................................................................................114
14.0 Fractional-T1 INTERFACE CARD 03-3846A01
Fractional-E1 INTERFACE CARD 03-3846A02 ........................................................................ 115
14.1 Introduction ..............................................................................................................................115
14.2 Fractional-T1/E1 Performance .................................................................................................115
14.3 Configurable Parameters .........................................................................................................116
Timeslots and Framing.................................................................................................................116
Line Codes...................................................................................................................................116
Diagnostics ..................................................................................................................................117
Clocking .......................................................................................................................................117
14.4 Field Installation of the FT1 Interface Board ............................................................................117
15.0 INCREASE BANDWIDTH BY CHANGING TRANSMITTER AND RECEIVER FILTERS .....
120
15.1 Introduction ..............................................................................................................................120
15.2 Filter Removal and Replacement ............................................................................................120
15.3 Software Commands ...............................................................................................................122
16.0 BENCH TESTING OF RADIOS ...................................................................................... 122
17.0 TECHNICAL REFERENCE............................................................................................. 123
17.1 Specifications—
Models: LEDR 400S, 700S, 900S and 1400S ...................................................................................123
17.2 Specifications—
Models: LEDR 400F, 900F, 1400F .....................................................................................................125
17.3 Specifications—
Protected Switch Chassis ..................................................................................................................126
17.4 Optional Equipment (Consult factory for detailed information) ................................................126
17.5 Accessories .............................................................................................................................127
17.6 I/O Connector Pinout Information ............................................................................................127
Orderwire—Front Panel ...............................................................................................................127
CONSOLE Port—Front Panel ......................................................................................................127
Ethernet—Rear Panel..................................................................................................................128
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EIA-530-A Data—Rear Panel ...................................................................................................... 128
G.703 Data Connectors (4)—Rear Panel ....................................................................................128
Service Channel—Rear Panel ..................................................................................................... 129
Alarm—Rear Panel ......................................................................................................................129
17.7 Watts-dBm-Volts Conversion ...................................................................................................129
18.0 RADIO EVENT CODES.................................................................................................. 130
19.0 IN CASE OF DIFFICULTY .............................................................................................. 138
19.1 FACTORY TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE ...................................................................................138
19.2 FACTORY REPAIRS ................................................................................................................139
To Our Customers
We appreciate your patronage. You are our business. We promise to serve and anticipate your needs. We will strive to
give you solutions that are cost effective, innovative, reliable and of the highest quality possible. We promise to build
a relationship that is forthright and ethical, one that builds confidence and trust.
Copyright Notice
This document and all software described herein are protected by copyright. Copyright 2003, Microwave Data Systems Inc. All rights reserved. Trademarks held by other companies used in this publication are acknowledged to be
property of the holder.
Antenna Installation Warning
1. All antenna installation and servicing is to be performed by qualified technical personnel only. When servicing
the antenna, or working at distances closer than those listed in the tables below, ensure the transmitter has been
disabled.
RF
Exposure
2. Typically, the antenna connected to the transmitter is a directional (high gain) antenna, fixed-mounted on the
side or top of a building, or on a tower. Depending upon the application and the gain of the antenna, the total composite power could exceed 20 to 50 watts EIRP. The antenna location should be such that only qualified technical
personnel can access it, and that under normal operating conditions no other person can touch the antenna or
approach within 4.34 meters of the antenna. This is a worst case scenario derived from maximum permissible exposure evaluation
for GeneralPopulation/UncontrolledExposureusingmaximum permitted antenna gain(30dBi) for LEDRSeries
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
LEDR Series I/O Guide
Manual Revision and Accuracy
While every reasonable effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of this manual, product improvements may result
in minor differences between the manual and the product shipped to you. If you have additional questions or need an
exact specification for a product, please contact our Customer Services group using the information at the back of this
guide. Microwave Data Systems reserves its right to correct any errors and omissions. Updated information may also
be available on our Web site at www.microwavedata.com.
Distress Beacon Warning
In the U.S.A., the 406 to 406.1 MHz band is reserved for use by distress beacons. Since the LEDR 400 radio is capable
of transmitting in this band, take precautions to prevent the radio from transmitting between 406 to 406.1 MHz.
RF Emissions
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device, pursuant to Part 15
of the FCC Rules or ETSI specification ETS 300 385, as appropriate. These limits are designed to provide reasonable
protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment. This equipment
generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction
manual, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. Operation of this equipment in a residential area
may to cause harmful interference in which case the user will be required to correct the interference at his own expense.
Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user’s
authority to operate the equipment.
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LEDR Series I/O Guide
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
1.0 INTRODUCTION
This manual is intended to help an experienced technician install, configure, and operate one of the digital radios in the MDS LEDR Series:
400S/F, 700S, 900S/F or 1400S/F. The manual begins with an overall
description of product features and is followed by the steps required to
install the radio and place it into normal operation.
After installation, we suggest keeping this guide near the radio for future
reference.
1.1 Product Description
The LEDR radio (Figure 1) is a full-duplex, point-to-point digital radio
operating in one of three radio frequency bands and at several bandwidths as summarized in Table 1.
Table 1. Key LEDR Radio Characteristics
MODEL(S)
BANDWIDTH(S)
FREQ. RANGE
INTERFACE
LEDR 400S
25/50/100/200 kHz
330-512 MHz
FE1
FT1
EIA-530
LEDR 400F
0.5/1/2 MHz
330-512 MHz
E1/G.703
LEDR 700S
25/50/100/200 kHz
746-794 MHz
EIA-530
LEDR 900S
25/50/100/200 kHz
800-960 MHz
FE1
FT1
EIA-530
LEDR 900F
0.5/1/2 MHz
800–960 MHz
E1/G.703
LEDR 1400S
25/50/100/200 kHz
1350–1535 MHz
FE1
FT1
EIA-530
LEDR 1400F
0.5/1/2 MHz
1350–1535 MHz
E1/G.703
With the addition of an optional Fractional-T1 Interface card, a
LEDR 700S or 900S Series radio can be connected to industry-standard
G.703 T1 data interface equipment. See Page 115 for a complete
description of the Fractional-T1, Fractional-E1 and Full Rate E1
options.
All LEDR Series radios (with the exception of the 700S) are available
in a protected “1+1” configuration. The protected configuration consists
of two identical LEDR radios and a Protected Switch Chassis (Figure 2).
The protected configuration performs automatic switchover to a secondary radio in the event of a failure in the primary unit. See PROTECTED CONFIGURATION on Page 103 for detailed information on
this mode.
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LEDR Series I/O Guide
In addition, the LEDR Series is available in a space-diversity configuration to allow dual receive paths to improve system availability. See
SPACE DIVERSITY OPERATION on Page 111 for detailed information.
1.2 LEDR Features
•
General—Common to all models
• Network Management via SNMPc version 1
• Protected Operation (1+1) Compatible
• 1.0 Watt Transmit Power
• Space-Efficient Rack Size (1RU)
• Rugged, Reliable Design
• Voice Orderwire (DTMF compliant)
• Service Channel (Data)
•
Subrate Models—LEDR 400S/700S/900S/1400S
• 64, 128, 256, 384, 512* and 768* kbps Data Rates
• 12 x 64 kbps Data Rate with the FT1 or FE1 Interface Board
(LEDR radio with optional PCB installed)
* Contact factory for availability of these rates on the
LEDR 700S.
•
Fullrate Models—LEDR 400F/900F/1400F
• 1 x E1 to 4 x E1 data rates
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Figure 1. The LEDR Digital Radio
LEDR Series I/O Guide
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
1.3 Typical Applications
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Point-to-point transmission applications
Cost-effective, “thin route” applications
Long haul telecommunications links
Cellular backhaul
Last-mile links
Trunked radio links
SCADA systems
1.4 Protected Configuration
A second configuration of the LEDR product is the protected configuration in which two LEDR radios are monitored and controlled by a
third unit, the Protected Switch Chassis shown in Figure 2. This unit
provides a gateway for data and radio frequency paths to the LEDR data
radio transceivers. Unit performance is continuously measured and
should it fall below user-definable standards, the offline LEDR radio
will automatically be placed online and an alarm condition generated
that can be remotely monitored. Additional details for Protected Configurations are given in Section 11.0 on Page 103.
Invisible place holder
Figure 2. LEDR Protected Switch Chassis (PSC)
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LEDR Series I/O Guide
2.0 MODEL NUMBER CODES
The complete radio model number is printed on the serial number label
affixed to the chassis. The following series of figures (Figure 3, Figure 4
and Figure 5) show the significance of each character in the LEDR 400,
900 and 1400 model number string, respectively. Contact the factory for
LEDR 700S data, and for information on optional configurations.
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INPUT VOLTAGE
1 = 24 Vdc
2 = 48 Vdc
DUPLEXER
N = None (Optional External) *
1 = 300–400 MHz *
2 = 400–520 MHz *
3 = 300–400 MHz; Protected @
4 = 400–520 MHz; Protected @
5 = 300–400 MHz; Space Diversity #
6 = 400–520 MHz; Space Diversity #
BANDWIDTH
A = 25 kHz *
B = 50 kHz *
C = 100 kHz *
D = 200 kHz *
E = 500 kHz @
F = 1 MHz @ %
G = 2 MHz @ %
* Only available with Modes N, 2
@Only available with Modes 3, 5
MODEL NUMBER CODES
ARE SUBJECT TO
CHANGE.
DO NOT USE FOR
ORDERING PRODUCTS.
CLASS
S =Subrate
F =Fullrate
% See Note 2
@Only available with Fullrate radios
REGULATORY
CERTIFICATION
N =Not Applicable
F =FCC/IC
LEDR 400
PROTECTED/STANDBY
N = None *
W= Warm @
H = Hot @
* With Modes N, 2
@ With Modes 3–8
MODES
N = None; EIA -530 *
1 = Not Used
2 = None; E1/Fractional-E1
3 = 1 + 1 EIA-530 *
4 = Not Used
5 = 1 + 1 E1/Fractional-E1
6 = Space Diversity EIA-530 *
7 = Not Used
8 = Space Diversity E1/Fract. E1
* Available in subrate radios
RECEIVE FREQ.
1 = 330–380 MHz
2 = 380–400 MHz
3 = 400–462 MHz
4 = 462–512 MHz
RX SPLITTER
N = None *
S = Symmetrical 3 dB @
* With Modes N, 2
@ With Modes 3–8
TRANSMIT FREQ.
A = 330–380 MHz
B = 380–400 MHz
C = 400–462 MHz
D = 462–512 MHz
NOTES
1.TX and RX frequencies are limited to the range of the
subband indicated in fields 10 and 11.
2.TX and RX frequency separation is 27 MHz (minimum)
Figure 3. LEDR 400 Series Model Number Codes
LEDR Series I/O Guide
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
Invisible place holder
DUPLEXER
N = None (Optional External) *
1 = 9 MHz *
2 = 3.6 MHz (External) None *
3 = 760 MHz; None *
4 = 9 MHz; (Internal) Redundant @
5 = 3.6 MHz; (External) Redundant @
6 = 76 MHz; (Internal) Redundant @
7 = 9 MHz; (Internal) Space Diversity #
8 = 3.6 Mhz; (Internal) Space Diversity #
9 = 76 MHz; (Internal) Space Diversity #
MODEL NUMBER CODES
ARE SUBJECT TO
CHANGE.
DO NOT USE FOR
ORDERING PRODUCTS.
INPUT VOLTAGE
1 = 24 Vdc
2 = 48 Vdc
BANDWIDTH
A = 25 kHz *%
B = 50 kHz *%
C = 100 kHz *%
D = 200 kHz%
E = 500 kHz@
F = 1 MHz@
G = 2 MHz@
* Only available with Modes N, 1
@Only available with Modes 3, 4
#Only available with Modes 6, 7
CLASS
S = Subrate
F = Fullrate
* = Not available with Modes 1, 4, 7
% = Only available in subrate radios
@ = Only available in fullrate radios
REGULATORY
CERTIFICATION
N =Not Applicable
F =FCC/IC
LEDR 900
PROTECTED/STANDBY
N = None *
W= Warm @
H = Hot @
* With Modes N, 2
RECEIVE FREQ.
1 = 800–860 MHz
2 = 860–900 MHz
3 = 900–960 MHz
See Note 1
MODES
N = None; EIA-530*
1 = None; Fractional-T1*
2 = None; Fractional-E1%
3 = 1 + 1 EIA=530*
4 = 1 + 1 Fractional-T1*
5 = 1 + 1 Fractional-E1
6 = Space Diversity EIA-530
7 = Space Diversity T1
8 = Space Diversity; Fractional-E1
RX SPLITTER
N = None *
S = Symmetrical 3 dB @
* With Modes N, 1
@With Modes 3–8
TRANSMIT FREQ.
A = 800–860 MHz
B = 860–900 MHz
C = 900–960 MHz
NOTES
1.TX and RX frequencies are limited to the range of the
* = Available in subrate radios
% = Available in fullrate radios
Figure 4. LEDR 900 Series Model Number Codes
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LEDR Series I/O Guide
Invisible place holder
DUPLEXER
N = None (Optional External) &
R = None (Wired for External) Redundant *
1 = Internal &
2 = Internal; Space Diversity %
MODEL NUMBER CODES
ARE SUBJECT TO
CHANGE.
DO NOT USE FOR
ORDERING PRODUCTS.
* Only available with Modes 3, 5
%Only available with Modes 6, 8
&Only available with Modes N, 2
CLASS
S =Subrate
F =Fullrate
INPUT VOLTAGE
1 = 24 Vdc
2 = 48 Vdc
BANDWIDTH
A = 25 kHz *
B = 50 kHz *
C = 100 kHz *
D = 200 kHz *
E = 500 kHz @
F = 1 MHz @
G = 2 MHz @
@Only available with Fullrate radios
* Only available with Subrate radios
LEDR 1400
MODES
N = None; EIA=530 *
1 = Not Used
2 = None; E1/ Fractional-E1
3 = 1 + 1 EIA-530 *
4 = Not Used
5 = 1 + 1 E1/ Fractional-E1
6 = Space Diversity EIA-530 *
7 = Not Used
8 = Space Divers. E1/Frac. E1
REGULATORY
CERTIFICATION
N =Not Applicable
E =ETS 300 630,
ETS 300 385,
MPT 1717
RX SPLITTER
N = None *
S = Symmetrical 3 dB @
* With Modes N, 2
@With Modes 3–8
PROTECTED/STANDBY
N = None *
W= Warm @
H = Hot @
* With Modes N, 2
@With Modes 3–8
* Available in subrate radios
Figure 5. LEDR 1400 Series Model Number Codes
LEDR Series I/O Guide
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
3.0 HARDWARE INSTALLATION AND
BASIC INTERFACE
REQUIREMENTS
3.1 Introduction
Installation of the LEDR radio transceiver is not difficult, but it does
require some planning to ensure optimal efficiency and reliability. There
are two major installation objectives; first, obtain good radio communications between LEDR sites, and second, configure the data interface to
complement your data equipment.
This section provides information to assist you in successfully completing the first phase of installation. You will find tips for selecting an
appropriate site, choosing antennas and feedlines, minimizing the
chance of interference, and the basics of equipment installation. This
material should be reviewed before beginning the radio hardware equipment installation.
When the radio installation is successfully complete, you will need to
address the data interface and operational configuration of the LEDR
radio. It is likely that the radio has been configured by the factory to
meet your basic data interface requirements. Please review the factory
documentation accompanying your shipment for the radios current configuration.
What ever your situation, it is recommended you review the material in
the rest of the manual to gain insight to additional configuration options
and user functions.
3.2 General Requirements
There are four main requirements for installing the radio transceiver—a
suitable installation environment, adequate and stable primary power, a
good antenna system, and the correct interface between the transceiver
and the external data equipment. Figure 6 shows a typical station
arrangement.
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LEDR Series I/O Guide
Invisible place holder
DATA INTERFACE
GRID DISH
ANTENNA
TO DC
POWER SOURCE
(24 or 48 Vdc as appropriate)
LOW LOSS
COAXIAL CABLE
CHASSIS GROUND
LEDR RADIO
Figure 6. Typical Station Arrangement
Site Selection
For a successful installation, careful thought must be given to selecting
proper sites for the radios and antenna systems. Suitable sites should
offer:
• An antenna location that provides an unobstructed path in the
direction of the associated station
• A source of adequate and stable primary power
• Suitable entrances for antenna, interface or other required
cabling
• Adequate clearance around the radio for ventilation
These requirements can be quickly determined in most cases. A possible
exception is the first item—verifying that an unobstructed transmission
path exists. Microwave radio signals travel primarily by line-of-sight,
and obstructions between the sending and receiving stations will affect
system performance.
If you are not familiar with the effects of terrain and other obstructions
on radio transmission, the following discussion will provide helpful
background.
Terrain and Signal Strength
A line-of-sight path between stations is highly desirable, and provides
the most reliable communications link in all cases. A line-of-sight path
can often be achieved by mounting each station antenna on a tower or
other elevated structure that raises it to a level sufficient to clear surrounding terrain and other obstructions.
LEDR Series I/O Guide
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
The requirement for a clear transmission path depends upon the distance
to be covered by the system. If the system is to cover only a limited distance, say 5 km (3.1 miles), then some obstructions in the transmission
path may be tolerable. For longer-range systems, any obstruction could
compromise the performance of the system, or block transmission
entirely.
The signal strength at the receiver must exceed the receiver sensitivity
by an amount known as the fade margin to provide reliable operation
under various conditions.
Detailed information on path planning should be reviewed before beginning an installation. Computer software is also available for this purpose
that can greatly simplify the steps involved in planning a path.
Microwave Data Systems offers path analysis (for paths in the USA) as
an engineering service. Contact the factory for additional information.
On-the-Air Test
If you’ve analyzed the proposed transmission path and feel that it is
acceptable, an on-the-air test of the equipment and path should be conducted. This not only verifies the path study results, but allows you to
see firsthand the factors involved at each installation site.
The test can be performed by installing a radio at each end of the proposed link and checking the Received Signal Strength Indication (RSSI)
value reported at the front panel LCD screen of each radio. If adequate
signal strength cannot be obtained, it may be necessary to mount the station antennas higher, use higher gain antennas, or select a different site
for one or both stations.
A Word About Interference
Interference is possible in any radio system. However, since the LEDR
radio is designed for use in a licensed system, interference is less likely
because frequency allocations are normally coordinated with consideration given to geographic location and existing operating frequencies.
The risk of interference can be further reduced through prudent system
design and configuration. Allow adequate separation between frequencies and radio systems.
C/I Curves
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
A carrier to interference (C/I) curve can help in frequency and space
coordination. The information in this curve can aid greatly in helping
plan geographic locations and frequency usage for radio systems. Contact the factory for additional information on carrier to interference
curves. A white paper (publication no. 05-3638A01) on the subject is
available from MDS at www.microwavedata.com. Search for the term
“LEDR” under the manuals download area to see this, and all other publications pertaining to the LEDR series.
LEDR Series I/O Guide
Keep the following points in mind when setting up your point-to-point
system:
1. Systems installed in lightly populated areas are least likely to
encounter interference; those in urban and suburban environments
are more likely to be affected by other devices operating in the
radio’s frequency band and adjacent services.
2. Directional antennas must be used at each end of a point-to-point
link. They confine the transmission and reception pattern to a comparatively narrow beam, which minimizes interference to and from
stations located outside the pattern. The larger the antenna, the more
focused the transmission and reception pattern and the higher the
gain.
3. If interference is suspected from another system, it may be helpful
to use antenna polarization that is opposite to the interfering system’s antennas. An additional 20 dB (or more) of attenuation to
interference can be achieved by using opposite antenna polarization.
Refer to the antenna manufacturer’s instructions for details on
changing polarization.
3.3 Antenna and Feedline Selection
Antennas
The antenna system is perhaps the most crucial part of the system
design. An antenna system that uses poor quality feedline, or is improperly aligned with the companion site, will result in poor performance, or
no communication at all.
A directional antenna must be used for point-to-point systems to minimize interference both to and from nearby systems. In general, cylindrical or dish type antennas with a parabolic reflector must be used. Yagi
or corner reflector types may be acceptable in some applications. Check
government regulations for your region.
The exact style of antenna used depends on the size and layout of a
system. In most cases, a directional “dish” type of antenna is used with
the radio (Figure 7). Dish antennas maximize transmission efficiency
and restrict the radiation pattern to the desired transmission path.
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MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
Invisible place holder
Figure 7. Typical Grid Dish Antenna
Table 2 lists common grid dish antenna sizes and their approximate
gains. Note: Each antenna is designed to operate within only one frequency band.
Table 2. Dish antenna size vs. approximate gain (dBi)
Antenna Size
Meters (feet)
400 MHz
Gain
700 MHz
Gain
900 MHz
Gain
1400 MHz
Gain
1.2 Meters
(4 feet)
13.1 dBi
15.85 dB
18.4 dBi
23.7 dBi
2.0 Meters
(6 feet)
16.3 dBi
19.05 dB
22.0 dBi
26.1 dBi
3.0 Meters
(10 feet)
19.6 dBi
22.35 dB
26.4 dBi
30.6 dBi
4.0 Meters
(12 feet)
22.2 dBi
24.95 dB
28.0 dBi
32.1 dBi
MDS can furnish antennas for use with your LEDR radio. Consult your
sales representative for details.
Feedlines
For maximum performance, a good quality feedline must be used to
connect the radio transceiver to the antenna. For short-range transmission, or where very short lengths of cable are used (up to 8 Meters/26
Feet), an inexpensive coax cable such as Type RG-213 may be acceptable.
For longer cable runs, or for longer-range communication paths, we recommend using a low-loss cable suited for the frequency band of operation. Helical transmission lines, such as Andrew Heliax™ or other
high-quality cable will provide the lowest loss and should be used in
systems where every dB counts. Whichever type of cable is used, it
should be kept as short as possible to minimize signal loss.
Remember that cable loss increases in direct proportion to the transmission frequency used. This means that a system operating at 900 MHz
will experience more cable loss than one operating at 400 MHz.
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
LEDR Series I/O Guide
11
The following tables (3, 5, 6 and 6) can be used to select an acceptable
feedline. A table is provided for each of the three bands for which the
LEDR radios are available.
Table 3. Feedline Loss Table (450 MHz)
3.05 Meters
(10 Feet)
15.24 Meters
(50 Feet)
30.48 Meters
(100 Feet)
152.4 Meters
(500 Feet)
RG-8A/U
0.5 dB
2.5 dB
5.1 dB
25.4 dB
1/2 in. HELIAX
0.1 dB
0.8 dB
1.5 dB
7.6 dB
7/8 in. HELIAX
0.1 dB
0.4 dB
0.8 dB
4.2 dB
1-1/4 in. HELIAX
0.1 dB
0.3 dB
0.6 dB
3.1 dB
1-5/8 in. HELIAX
0.1 dB
0.3 dB
0.5 dB
2.6 dB
Cable Type
Table 4. Feedline Loss Table (700 MHz)
3.05 Meters
(10 Feet)
15.24 Meters
(50 Feet)
30.48 Meters
(100 Feet)
152.4 Meters
(500 Feet)
RG-8A/U
0.7 dB
3.4 dB
6.8 dB
34.0 dB
1/2 in. HELIAX
0.2 dB
1.0 dB
1.9 dB
9.5 dB
7/8 in. HELIAX
0.1 dB
0.5 dB
1.1 dB
5.3 dB
1-1/4 in. HELIAX
0.1 dB
0.4 dB
0.8 dB
3.9 dB
1-5/8 in. HELIAX
0.1 dB
0.3 dB
0.7 dB
3.3 dB
Cable Type
Table 5. Feedline Loss Table (960 MHz)
3.05 Meters
(10 Feet)
15.24 Meters
(50 Feet)
30.48 Meters
(100 Feet)
152.4 Meters
(500 Feet)
RG-8A/U
0.9 dB
4.3 dB
8.5 dB
unacceptable
loss
1/2 in. HELIAX
0.2 dB
1.2 dB
2.3 dB
11.5 dB
7/8 in. HELIAX
0.1 dB
0.6 dB
1.3 dB
6.4 dB
1-1/4 in. HELIAX
0.1 dB
0.5 dB
1.0 dB
4.8 dB
1-5/8 in. HELIAX
0.1 dB
0.4 dB
0.8 dB
4.0 dB
Cable Type
Table 6. Feedline Loss Table (1400 MHz)
8 Meters
(26 Feet)
15 Meters
(49 Feet)
30 Meters
(98 Feet)
61 Meters
(200 Feet)
RG-213
3.0 dB
6.0 dB
12.1 dB
24.1 dB
1/2 in. HELIAX
0.7 dB
1.5 dB
2.9 dB
5.9 dB
7/8 in. HELIAX
0.4 dB
0.8 dB
1.7 dB
3.3 dB
1-5/8 in. HELIAX
0.3 dB
0.3 dB
1.1 dB
2.1 dB
Cable Type
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LEDR Series I/O Guide
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
3.4 Radio Mounting
The radio can be mounted either in a 19-inch equipment rack or on a
table top. It should be located in a relatively clean, dust-free environment that allows easy access to the rear panel connectors as well as front
panel controls and indicators. Air must be allowed to pass freely over the
ventilation holes and heat sink on the side panel.
The dimensions of LEDR Series radios are:
• 305 mm (12 in) deep
• 426 mm (16.75 in) wide—Excluding rack mounting brackets
• 45 mm (1.75 in) high—1RU
Maximizing RSSI
For newly installed systems, one of the first tasks is to orient the station
antenna for a maximum Received Signal Strength Indication (RSSI) as
shown on the LCD screen. See “Performance” on Page 40 for details. A
maximum RSSI ensures the antenna is properly aimed at the associated
station. Move the antenna slowly while an assistant observes the RSSI
display for a maximum reading. There may be a time delay between
moving the antenna and updating of the RSSI display. Be sure to allow
adequate time between antenna movements and observations.
Attaching the Rack Mounting Brackets
The radio is normally shipped with the rack mounting brackets uninstalled. To attach them, select the desired mounting position on the sides
of the chassis. (The brackets may be mounted in one of two locations—
flush with the front panel, or near the middle of the chassis.)
NOTE: Both short and long screws are provided with the brackets. Use
the long screws for the heatsink (left) side of the chassis and
the short screws for the right side of the chassis. Tighten the
screws securely.
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LEDR Series I/O Guide
13
3.5 Front Panel
Indicators, Text Display and Navigation Keys
Figure 8 shows the details of the LEDR radio’s front panel indicators,
LCD text display, and menu navigation keys.
MENU NAVIGATION KEYS
LCD TEXT DISPLAY
STATUS LEDS
SCROLL MODE
INDICATOR SYMBOL
ALARM STATUS LEDS
Figure 8. Front Panel Indicators, Text Display and Keys
LED Indicators
The front panel LEDs indicate various operating conditions as outlined
in Table 7.
Table 7. Front Panel LED Functions
LCD Display
& Keys
LED
Indications
POWER
Primary power is applied to radio
ACTIVE
This radio is the on-line/active unit in a
redundant configuration.
ALARM
A general alarm condition is present
RX ALARM
The modem is not locked to a receive
signal
TX ALARM
There is a problem with the transmitter
I/O ALARM
There is a payload data interface error
The LCD display provides a two line by 16-character readout of radio
status and parameter settings. It is used with the menu navigation keys
on the right side of the front panel to control the radio’s operation and
access diagnostic information.
Use of the navigation keys (Figure 9) is simple, and allows many basic
operating tasks to be performed without connecting an external terminal
or using additional software.
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MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
Invisible place holder
Figure 9. Menu Navigation Keypad
The keys can be used for two tasks—navigating through menus, and
editing user controllable parameters. The functions of the keys are automatically selected according to the screen that is being viewed by the
user.
Menus
The LEDR radio contains 16 primary menus as listed below. These primary menus serve as entry points to a variety of submenus that can be
used to view or adjust operating parameters and diagnose the radio link.
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Login
Logout
Network
General
RF Config(uration)
IO Config(uration)
Line Config(uration)
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Performance
G.821
Diagnostics
Orderwire
Front Panel
Redundant
Remote Status
See Front Panel LCD Menu Descriptions on Page 32 for detailed
descriptions of all menu items.
Menu Navigation
The left and right keys (
) provide navigation through the available
top level menus (see menu tree, Figure 9) and through series of subordinate menus.
The ENTER key allows entry into each primary menu’s subordinate
menus, exposing another menu level. The
key always exits the current screen, causing the program to “pop up” one level in the hierarchy.
ESCAPE
Parameter Selection
and Data Entry
With an editable menu, such as Login, pressing the ENTER key puts the
screen into a data entry mode. Front panel keys are used in one of three
ways: 1. character and string creation/selection, 2. scrolling through
lists, and 3. adjusting horizontal slider bars.
1. Character and String Creation/Selection— With some
menus, it is necessary to enter a string of alphanumeric characters. A good example is entering a password at the user login
menu. In this example, the string is built one character at a time,
and the string is built from left to right on the display.
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
LEDR Series I/O Guide
15
The left and right arrow keys move the cursor in the corresponding direction. When the cursor is below the character you
wish to change, press ENTER . The arrow keys are then used to step
though the character set, beginning with numbers, then uppercase letters and finally lowercase letters. Each time you press
one of the arrow keys, the display will step to the next character.
If you press and hold the arrow key for several seconds, the characters will scroll by very quickly.
After you have built the string of characters you need, press the
ENTER key to save the string on the display and return to cursor
navigation mode. To save all changes you have made, place the
cursor under the special carriage return symbol ( ) and press
ENTER . Pressing
will revert the arrow keys to the cursor navigation mode. Pressing
in cursor navigation mode cancels
character edit mode without saving any changes.
ESCAPE
ESCAPE
2. Scrolling Lists/Values— Uses left and right keys (
) to
scroll through a list of choices or adjust a numeric value, such as
Power Out. When you are in a menu with a series of fixed parameters, the vertical scroll character ( ) will appear while you are in
the editing/selection mode. If you are asked to select or change
more than one character, you will see a horizontal scroll symbol
( ) in the bottom right-hand corner of the display and a cursor
will appear under the character being edited or changed.
When the desired parameter is in view, move the cursor to the
right as far as it will go, until a carriage return symbol ( )
appears. Pressing the ENTER key will save the selection to its left,
if your access privileges permit. Pressing
cancels the selection and exits without saving the change.
ESCAPE
3. Slider Bar Adjustment—Some menus display a horizontal
bar that changes its length to indicate the level for parameters
that use relative values such as the Orderwire Volume and VOX
threshold. (See Orderwire on Page 40.) Press the
key to
increase the value and the
to lower the value. Press ENTER to
save the current setting.
Connectors
The front panel of the LEDR radio (Figure 10) has two connectors; both
of them are located on the lefthand side of the panel.
Orderwire
16
The RJ-11 jack with the telephone symbol above it is to connect an
orderwire handset. The orderwire is used by service personnel to communicate through the Service Channel to coordinate system activities
with personnel at another site in the network. The orderwire will not
interrupt the normal data flow through the LEDR data communication
LEDR Series I/O Guide
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
channel, however, it will reduce the throughput efficiency of any data
communications on the Service Channel during periods of voice transmission. See “USING ORDERWIRE” on Page 99 for more information.
The second connector is a DB-9 type with a computer icon over it. Here
is where you can connect a computer’s serial port for unit configuration,
diagnostics and firmware upgrades to the radio.
CONSOLE
Invisible place holder
CONSOLE
ORDERWIRE HANDSET (COMPUTER)
Figure 10. LEDR Front Panel
(All models Identical)
3.6 Rear Panel Connectors
The rear panel of the LEDR radio transceiver contains a number of connectors to interface with the radio’s antenna system, data equipment,
and user remote data network monitoring and control equipment.
Connector Locations
LEDR “S” Series
The rear panel of the LEDR “S” Series radios is shown in Figure 11.
Refer to the descriptions that follow for specific information regarding
rear panel connections.
Invisible place holder
Power Plug
Detail (see text)
• Four RJ-45 connectors with FT1/FE1 Interface PCB installed
• Only one RJ-45 port is active based on selection. See “linename” command.
• DB-68 Connector for interface to Protected Switch Chassis
• If vacant, EIA-530 connector to right is the active data connector.
ETHERNET
RX
Antenna/TX
G.703/Expansion Data
External Duplexer
Ethernet
NMS
SERVICE CHANNEL
Service
Channel
EIA-530-A
Alarm I/O
DC Power Input
Data Interface
COOLING FAN
DATA CONNECTOR
ANTENNA SYSTEM
CONNECTORS
DC PRIMARY
POWER
ALARM INPUT & OUTPUT
Note: RX Connector present with external duplexer only.
GND
Figure 11. LEDR 400S/700S/900S/1400S Rear Panels
(Shown with Optional FT1/FE1 Interface PCB Installed)
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
LEDR Series I/O Guide
17
LEDR “F” Series
The rear panel of the LEDR “F” Series radios is shown in Figure 12.
Refer to the descriptions that follow for specific information regarding
rear panel connections.
Invisible place holder
Power Plug
Detail (see text)
• Four RJ-45 connectors
• DB-68 Connector for G.703 interface to Protected Switch Chassis.
SERVICE CHANNEL
ETHERNET
RX
Antenna/TX
G.703/Expansion Data
External Duplexer
Ethernet
NMS
EIA-530-A
Service
Channel
Alarm I/O
DC Power Input
Data Interface
COOLING FAN
DATA CONNECTOR
(Not functional on “F” models)
ANTENNA SYSTEM
CONNECTORS
DC PRIMARY
POWER
ALARM INPUT & OUTPUT
Note: RX Connector present with external duplexer only.
GND
Figure 12. LEDR 400F/900F/1400F Rear Panel
Ground Stud
The ground stud on the rear panel provides a point to connect the radio’s
chassis to an Earth ground. This connection is very important for
proper operation of the radio. Do not rely on a ground connection
being made through the rack mounting brackets or other radio
cabling.
Antenna/TX—RF Connector
The ANTENNA/TX connector is an N-type coaxial connector. When an
internal duplexer is installed, it serves as the connection point for the
station antenna. When an external duplexer is used, it acts as the transmitter RF output (TX) connector to the duplexer.
RX—RF Connector
The RX (receive) connector is an N-type coaxial connector. It is only
installed if the radio is supplied for use with an external duplexer. It carries receive signals (RX) from the duplexer to the LEDR radio’s
receiver.
When an external duplexer is used, ensure that the higher frequency
(transmit or receive) is connected to the duplexer connector marked HI
and the lower frequency (transmit or receive) is connected to the
duplexer marked LO.
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G.703/Expansion Data
The type of connector(s) at this location on the rear panel depends on
several factors: the type of interface required by the customer premises
equipment (CPE) and whether or not the radio is part of a protected
(redundant) configuration. See Table 8 for details.
Table 8. G.703/Expansion Data Connector
Model(s)
Configuration
Data
Interface
G.703/Expansion
Connector
LEDR 400S
LEDR 700S
LEDR 900S
LEDR 1400S
Stand-alone
EIA-530
Blank. No connector(s)
installed.
LEDR 900S
Stand-alone
FT1
4 x RJ-45—Only one port is
active based on linemap
selection. (See Note 2)
LEDR 400S
LEDR 900S
LEDR 1400S
Stand-alone
FE1
4 x RJ-45—Only one port is
active based on linemap
selection. (See Note 2)
LEDR 400F
LEDR 900F
LEDR 1400F
Stand-alone
4E1
4 x RJ-45—All four jacks (A,
B, C & D) are active. (See
LEDR 400F/S
LEDR 900S
LEDR 1400F/S
Protected
Notes 1 & 2)
All
DB-68 (See Note 3)
NOTES:
1. The capacity of the 4E1 interface can be reduced to one (1E1) or two circuits (2E1).
See linemap command on Page 66, for configuration information.
2. For RJ-45 pinout information, see Figure
36 on Page 128.
3. This 68-pin interface connector is used only to pass the user data interface, the
Service Channel, and the orderwire circuits to the Protected Switch Chassis for
distribution. Fully-wired DB-68 computer cables (commonly used to interconnect
SCSI computer devices) can be used with this data port connector.
Ethernet
The ETHERNET connector provides access to the embedded SNMP
agent and other elements of the TCP/IP network-management interface.
The connector is a standard 10Base-T connection with an RJ-45 modular connector. The LEDR Ethernet connections are provided for remote
equipment management (NMS).
Ethernet in
a Repeater
Configuration
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
At a repeater site with two LEDR radios, the ETHERNET connectors of
each chassis must be connected to each other through a cross-connect
cable or using standard cables to an Ethernet hub. This inter-chassis
Ethernet connection must be made in order for the Orderwire and Service Channel to function properly. (See Figure 13 on Page 21 for further
information.)
LEDR Series I/O Guide
19
Ethernet in
a Protected
Configuration
The Ethernet connections on the LEDR radio chassis in a protected configuration should not be used. The Ethernet connector of the Protected
Switch Chassis (PSC) provides a connection to the two radio units. Each
radio has a unique IP address and is individually addressable/controllable using SNMP over IP. See “PROTECTED CONFIGURATION”
on Page 103 for general information and Figure 34 on Page 128 for
ETHERNET connector pinout details.
EIA-530-A
The EIA-530-A connector is the main data input/output connector for
the subrate radio. The EIA-530 interface is a high-speed serial data connector. For detailed pin information, see “EIA-530-A Data—Rear
Panel” on Page 128.
NOTE: This connector is not operational on LEDR “F” Series (fullrate)
models.
Service Channel
The Service Channel provides a transparent ASCII “pipe” to which any
RS-232/EIA-232 device can be connected at data rates between 300 and
9600 bps. Whatever ASCII data is entered onto the network through the
Service Channel Port will be sent to the local radio and broadcast to any
other device connected to the Service Channel Port on other associated
LEDR radios in the network.
The Service Channel’s function is identical for all LEDR configurations—stand-alone, repeater, and redundant.
NOTE: Use of the orderwire will slow down data communications on
the Service Channel. It will not effect data traffic on the
primary data interface.
For detailed information on this 9-pin connector, see “Service
Channel—Rear Panel” on Page 129.
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LEDR Series I/O Guide
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
Data and RF cabling for the repeater station configuration is shown in
Figure 14.
Repeater
Configuration
TO DUPLEXER
OF ANTENNA SYSTEM A
(Radios with external duplexer)
TO ANTENNA SYSTEM A
(Radios with internal duplexers)
RADIO A
G.703/Expansion Data
RX
Ethernet
NMS
EIA-530-A
Service
Channel
Alarm I/O
DC Power Input
TX
External
Data Interface
EIA-530 NULL-MODEM
CROSSOVER CABLE
(Subrate Only)
P/N 97-2841L06 (6´/1.8 m)
UP TO 4 x G.703
CROSSOVER CABLES
(Fullrate only)
RADIO B
G.703/Expansion Data
RX
Ethernet
NMS
EIA-530-A
Service
Channel
Alarm I/O
DC Power Input
TX
External
Data Interface
TO ANTENNA SYSTEM B
(Radios with internal duplexers)
ETHERNET CROSSOVER CABLE
OR
SEPARATE CONNECTIONS TO HUB
(As Required)
TO DUPLEXER
OF ANTENNA SYSTEM B
(Radios with external duplexer)
Figure 13. Inter-unit Cabling—Repeater Configuration
Protected
Configuration
The Service Channel connections on the LEDR radio chassis in a protected configuration should not be used. The SERVICE CHANNEL connector of the Protected Switch Chassis (PSC) provides a connection to
the two radio units. For further information on protected configurations
please see “PROTECTED CONFIGURATION” on Page 103.
Alarm I/O
This is a 9-pin connector that has both inputs and outputs.
Output Contacts
The ALARMS Port is outfitted with four optically-isolated relays that are
controlled by the LEDR radio’s CPU. The contacts (Pins 6, 7, 8, & 9)
are normally open and can handle a non-inductive load of ±60 Volts
Peak (AC/DC) at a maximum current of 1 Ampere. These are suitable
for the control of an external device or indicator when a radio event
occurs.
An alarm output could be used, for example, to sound a claxon when the
radio link goes down, or when the battery for the real-time clock is low.
Another example is to use the alarm outputs to drive the inputs of an
external monitoring system. (See the list of radio events for more
options.) These outputs are not suitable for data interface without the use
of an external “debouncing” circuit.
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LEDR Series I/O Guide
21
Input Connections
In addition, four external alarm input lines (Pins 1, 2, 3 & 4) are provided. Normally, the input is either left open or shorted to ground, to
indicate an alarm condition.
Each alarm input is diode-clamped to +3.3 Vdc or chassis ground, and
can tolerate inputs from -4 to +6 Vdc without drawing excessive current.
If left open, each input is pulled up. To indicate an alarm condition, short
the input pin to the ground provided on the alarm connector (Pin 5). The
maximum DC loop resistance is 2 KΩ. These alarm input lines can tolerate circuit “bounce” common with mechanical relays.
NOTE: The normal (unalarmed) state of the contacts (open or closed)
or input alarm state (high or low) can be selected by a software
subcommand. See “alarm” on Page 50 for details.
Alarm Events
The events that cause alarm output signals can be configured in the radio
software. See “evmap” on Page 58 for information on programming
which events trigger an alarm.
See Figure 38 on Page 129 for Alarm I/O pinout information.
DC Power Input (Primary Power)
The DC POWER INPUT connector is a three-pin keyed connector used to
connect an external DC power source. A label next to the power connector indicates the nominal voltage of the radio. Table 9 lists the actual
operating voltage ranges.
The connector matches with a power plug (MDS Part No. 73-1194A22)
which contains binding posts for attaching the positive and negative
power leads. The polarity of the power connections does not matter; the
positive and negative leads may be connected to either the left or right
binding posts as shown in Figure 11 and Figure 12. The center conductor is not connected in the LEDR chassis and should be left unwired.
Table 9. Primary Power Input Options
Nominal Voltage
CAUTION
POSSIPOSSIBLE
BLE
PMENT
EQUIEQUIPMENT
DAMAGDAMAGE
22
Operating Range
24 Vdc
19.2 to 28.8 Vdc
48 Vdc
38.4 to 57.6 Vdc
Before connecting primary power to the radio, verify that the source
provides a voltage within the proper operating range. Improper voltages
may damage the equipment. Permissible voltage limits are shown in
Table 9.
LEDR Series I/O Guide
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
Protected Configuration Connections
There are several connections between the LEDR radio chassis and the
Protected Switch Chassis. They include the primary data interface, RF,
Ethernet, orderwire and Service Channel. Details on cabling and other
items relating to the protected (redundant) configuration appear in PROTECTED CONFIGURATION on Page 103.
3.7 Bandwidths, Data Rates and Modulation Types
The hardware in the LEDR chassis is configured at the factory for a specific bandwidth. However, the modulation type and data rate can be
changed as long as the bandwidth is sufficient to support the modulation
type and data rate. (If you need to change your radio’s bandwidth,
please see “INCREASE BANDWIDTH BY CHANGING TRANSMITTER AND RECEIVER FILTERS” on Page 120 for details.)
Use of the modem command (Page 71) and configuration ([argument])
code automatically sets the combination of data rate, bandwidth and
modulation type if the radio is capable of supporting it
Table 10 shows the combinations of radio bandwidth, data rates and
modulation types that are available for subrate radios at the time of publication. Table 11 shows the combinations available for fullrate radios.
Table 10. Subrate Bandwidth vs. Modem Selection Code
Radio
Bandwidth
Configuratio
n Code
Data Rate(s)
25 kHz
B1
64 kbps
16-QAM
C1
64 kbps
32-QAM
A1
64 kbps
QPSK
B2
128 kbps
16-QAM
A1
64 kbps
QPSK
A2
128 kbps
QPSK
B3
256 kbps
16-QAM
A1
64 kbps
QPSK
A2
128 kbps
QPSK
B3
256 kbps
16-QAM
B4
384 kbps
16-QAM
B5
512 kbps
16-QAM
C6
768 kbps
32-QAM
50 kHz
100 kHz
200 kHz
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
Modulation
LEDR Series I/O Guide
23
Table 11. Fullrate Bandwidth vs. Modem Selection Code
Radio
Bandwidth
Configuratio
n Code
Data
Rate(s)
Modulation
500 kHz
C7
E1
32-QAM
1000 kHz
B7
E1
16-QAM
C7
E1
32-QAM
C8
2E1
32-QAM
A7
E1
QPSK
B7
E1
16-QAM
B8
2E1
16-QAM
C8
2E1
32-QAM
C10
4E1
32-QAM
2000 kHz
3.8 Transmit Clock Selection (Subrate Radios Only)
For a subrate radio, transmit clock arrangement must be set by the user.
Clocking arrangements for fullrate radios is automatically handled by
the LEDR radios.
It is essential that there be only one master clock in a subrate radio network. The master clock can originate from the radio or from the Customer Premises Equipment (CPE).
LEDR radios are capable of several different clocking modes. Refer to
Figure 14 and Figure 24 for typical system clocking arrangements.
Refer to the Clock Mode screen description on Page 35 for setting the
radio transmit clocking from the front panel. Refer to the clkmode
description on Page 55 for setting the radio transmit clocking mode from
the front panel CONSOLE Port.
NOTE: When customer premises equipment (CPE) is operated in
looped clock mode, it is recommended that the radio not be set
to line clock mode. To do so may cause the transmitting
radio’s PLL to be pulled out-of-lock, especially when operating at 4E1 data rates.
24
LEDR Series I/O Guide
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
SITE A
SITE B
CPE
Customer Premises
Equipment (CPE)
CPE
LEDR Radio
Clock Source
Over-the-Air RF Path
LEDR Radio
Clock Source
Customer Premises
Equipment (CPE)
Internal Clock
External Clock
Looped Clock
External Clock
External Clock
Internal Clock
Looped Clock
External Clock
Figure 14. EIA-530 Clocking Arrangements for
Protected (1+1) LEDR Radio Operation
4.0 INITIAL STARTUP AND
CONFIGURATION
4.1 Introduction
The radio is commonly configured to parameters provided by the customer at the time the order was placed. Even so, there are some parameters that must be reviewed and set during installation. The following
steps summarize the initial set-up of a LEDR radio link. If this is your
first installation of a LEDR radio system, it is recommended the equipment be set up on a test bench.
4.2 STEP 1—Power up the LEDR Radios
There is no primary power switch; simply connecting primary power to
the unit will start the radio operating. After a short self-test, a “default
screen” similar to the following appears on the radio’s LCD display:
LEDR Link
RSSI: -60 dBm
NOTE: The LEDR radio is normally keyed continuously, and the radio
will transmit whenever power is applied. Ensure there is a suitable load on the antenna connector before connecting power.
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
LEDR Series I/O Guide
25
4.3 STEP 2—Establish Communications with the
Radio
There are four different methods available to set radio parameters and
query the radio. They are:
• Front Panel—The front panel is intended to serve as a convenient user interface for local radio management. Most, but not all, parameters and functions
are accessible from the front panel. (See “Front Panel LCD Menu Descriptions” on Page 32.)
• NMS (Network Management System)—The NMS is used via a terminal
connected to the front panel CONSOLE Port. It may be used to configure
and query every manageable radio parameter on a given network using the
out-of-band Service Channel. The Element Management System (EMS) may
be used on the local radio (login command) or through any remote radio in
the network using the rlogin command.
• Telnet—A standard network application protocol which provides a
NMS-type interface to configure and query most radio parameters.
• SNMP Network Management System—The SNMP agent interface is optimized to fulfill the fault configuration, performance and user access requirements of the LEDR radio system. A separate manual, MDS P/N 05-3532A01
explains SNMP in more detail.
4.4 STEP 3—Make Initial Login to Radio
When the radio is first powered up, it defaults to a read-only condition.
That is, the radio parameters may be viewed, but cannot be changed. To
enable changes to radio settings, a valid user name and password must
be entered.
When the radio is shipped from the factory, it is pre-programmed with
the following temporary login credentials:
Username:SUPER
Password:SUPER
NOTE: User names and passwords are case sensitive. Do not use punctuation mark characters. A maximum of eight characters are
allowed.
Navigation Key
Method
To log in from the front panel using the temporary credentials, follow
these steps:
1. Go to the Login screen and press the front panel
Username screen appears with SUPER displayed.
ENTER
key. The
2. Press the ENTER key again to access the Password screen. Use the
arrow keys to scroll through the list of characters and individually
select the letters spelling out the word SUPER. Press ENTER after each
character selection. (For more information on character selection
using the navigation keys, see “INITIAL STARTUP AND CONFIGURATION” on Page 25.)
26
LEDR Series I/O Guide
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
3. When all of the characters have been entered, press ENTER again. The
screen briefly displays Login Success and returns to the Login entry
screen.
You may now access any of the screens shown in Figure 15 with
Administrator level privileges (the highest allowable user level).
CONSOLE Method
To login using a terminal connected to the front panel CONSOLE Port,
follow the steps below. The default connection parameters are 9600 bps,
8 bits, no parity, 1 stop bit (96008N1).
1. Connect a terminal data port or a PC’s serial port to the radio’s front
panel CONSOLE Port
2. Open an ANSI terminal program, such as HyperTerminal™ in the
Windows O/S. Press ENTER . The LEDR> prompt should appear on
the terminal’s display.
3. Enter login SUPER. The Password > prompt will appear.
4. Enter the password SUPER. The following response appears: login:
SUPER logged in.
You may now access any of the NMS commands listed in Table 15 on
Page 45 with Administrator level privileges (the highest allowable user
level).
4.5 STEP 4—Change the SUPER Password
The factory-programmed username and password (SUPER) is provided
to enable a System Administrator to operate a newly installed radio. It
is highly recommended that the password for SUPER be changed as soon
as possible to maintain system security.
Follow these steps to change the factory-programmed password.
1. Login as SUPER using the NMS method described above.
2. Enter the command passwd. At the next prompt, enter a new password with a maximum of eight characters. (See passwd on Page 72.)
NOTE: Passwords cannot be changed using the front panel navigation buttons. A console terminal must be used.
3. Re-enter your new password (for verification purposes). If the entry
is correct, the radio responds with user: Command Complete.
4. Set up user accounts as required beyond the factory default of
SUPER.
Create accounts, set permission levels, or delete accounts as desired
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
LEDR Series I/O Guide
27
using the user command. See Page 86 for complete description of
user command.
NOTE: It is recommended that users log out when finished using the
front panel navigation keys or console terminal. This can be
done using the Logout screen on the radio, or the logout
command from a console terminal as appropriate. If there is no
key or terminal activity for 10 minutes, the radio automatically
logs out and reverts to read-only status.
4.6 STEP 5—Review Essential Operating
Parameters
Review and set the following parameters to allow data throughput and
interconnection with the network. These are radio operating frequencies, data interface clocking, and data framing. Table 12 outlines these
based on each model group and configuration.
Table 12. Essential Parameters for Standalone & Protected
Model
Group
Data
Interface
Parameter
Setting
Subrate
EIA-530
RF TX/RX
Frequency
Factory configured for customer
frequencies.
Clocking
Use clkmode command (Page
to match interface equipment.
Framing
Does not apply.
RF TX/RX
Frequency
Factory configured for customer
frequencies.
Clocking
Automatically set to match
connected equipment.
Framing
Set as appropriate using fstruct
command (Page 59).
Time Slot
Set as appropriate using timeslot
command (Page 84).
Line Code
Set as appropriate using linecode
command (Page 66).
RF TX/RX
Frequency
Factory configured for customer
frequencies.
Clocking
No settings are necessary. Radio
automatically detects clock and sets
mode.
Framing
• Radio set to unframed (default).
FT1/FE1
Fullrate
E1
55)
• Make changes as appropriate
using fstruct command
(Page 59) to match interface
equipment.
Line Code
28
LEDR Series I/O Guide
Set as appropriate using linecode
command (Page 66).
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
4.7 STEP 6—Set TCP/IP Settings to Enable SNMP
and/or Telnet Management (if required)
• The unit IP address is factory configured with a unique address
based on the last three digits of the radio’s serial number.
• Use ip command (Page 63) to change the IP address, set netmask, gateway and IP Port as necessary.
• In a protected radio, change the rdnt settings (Page 74) to match
the user-assigned IP addresses.
4.8 STEP 7—Set User Configurable Fields
Change only
if required.
Many items are user-configurable. These include, but are not limited to the following. See the NMS command description in the
manual for more detail:
• Set user information fields using info command (Page 62)
• Set alarms and alarm mappings using the alarm command
(Page 50)
• Set event mappings using the evmap command (Page 58)
• Set alarm thresholds using the threshold command (Page 83)
• Set the SNMP community using the snmpcomm command
(Page 81)
4.9 STEP 8—Verify Radio Performance
The data performance and NMS should be verified. Use the loopback command (Page 69) to verify data throughput.
4.10 STEP 9—Install the Link
Peak the antennas for maximum RSSI using the continuously
updated rssi command (Page 79), either the front panel screen or
using the trend command (Page 85) via the NMS.
4.11 STEP 10—Verify the Link Performance
Connect and verify the proper operation of external equipment connected to the LEDR radio link.
5.0 CONFIGURATION AND CONTROL
VIA THE FRONT PANEL
Figure 15 shown on the following pages is a pictorial view of the front
panel menu tree. Detailed explanations of the screens are follow in
Section 5.1, Front Panel LCD Menu Descriptions.
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
LEDR Series I/O Guide
29
Step 1
LEDR Link
Default Screen
LEDR Link
ENTER
Step 2
Step 3
Username
Admin
Password
******
Menu Selection
LEDR Link
Logout
LEDR Link
Logged out
LEDR Link
Network
IP Address
000.000.000.000
Text Enter
(Note: Logout screens available only when logged in.)
Display Only
LEDR Link
General
LEDR Link
IO Config
LEDR Link
Line Config
LEDR Link
Performance
Number Enter
Number Enter
Number Enter
Model Number
LEDR 400F
Serial Number
xxxxxxxxxxxx
Firmware Rev.
x.x.x
Display Only
Display Only
Display Only
Tx Frequency
xxxx.xxxx MHz
LEDR Link
Console
TxKey Enable
UN-KEYED
Number Enter
Menu Selection
Clock Mode
INTERNAL
Interface
E1
CAS Enable
DISABLED
Menu Selection
Menu Selection
Menu Selection
Choose Line 1
LINE1
Frame Struct 1
FAS ONLY
AIS Generate 1
OFF
Menu Selection
Menu Selection
Menu Selection
RSSI
-60 dBm
SNR
+27 dB
G.821 Status
ERROR FREE
Rx Lock
LOCKED
Display Only
Power Out
+30 dBm
Set/Display
Available
Unavailable
0 sec
Display Only
Display Only
Bandwidth
200 kHz
Menu Selection
Line map
1a 2b 3c 4d
Menu Selection
AIS Forwarding 1
OFF
Menu Selection
PA Temperature
+37 °C
Display Only
Errored
0 sec
Display Only
Freq. Offset
-170 Hz
Corrected
0 bytes
Uncorrectable
0 blocks
Display Only
Display Only
Display Only
Display Only
Baud Rate
9600
Parity
None
Menu Selection
LEDR Link
Diagnostics
Loopback
NORMAL (NONE)
LEDR Link
Orderwire
Send ODW Alert
400
Menu Selection
Menu Selection
LEDR Link
Front Panel
Rx Frequency
xxxx.xxxx MHz
Number Enter
Display Only
LEDR Link
Modem
Default IP Port
000.000.000.000
Unit ID
000
Display Only
LEDR Link
G.821
Gateway
000.000.000.000
Number Enter
Number Enter
LEDR Link
RF Config
Netmask
000.000.000.000
Backlight
ENABLED
Menu Selection
Built in Test
Start?
Menu Selection
Volume
~~~~~~
Level Setting
Viewing Angle
~~~~
Vox Threshold
~~~~~~
Level Setting
Keypad Beep
ENABLED
Key Repeat Rate
150 ms
Menu Selections
Menu Selections
Menu Selections
Angle Setting
LEDR Link
Redundant
Sibling IP
000.000.000.000
Protected Mode
Redundant
Active
Redundant
Display Only
Display Only
LEDR Link
Remote Status
Remote UnitID
Number

Number Enter
Number Enter
NOTES:
• Redundant screens visible only on protected/redundant stations.
• See Redundant screen description for additional displays (Page 41).
30
LEDR Series I/O Guide
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
Hardware Rev.
xxxxxxxx
Display Only
Mod/Data rate
32-QAM 768 kbps
Menu Selection
Line Code
AMI
Menu Selection
Severely Erred
0 sec
Display Only
Reframe
3 cons. FAS
Pulse Shape 1
g.775
Menu Selection
Menu Selection
Cable Length 1
1-133 ft
Menu Selection
RESET G.821?
NO
Menu Selection
Bit Error Rate
< 1 x 10-6
Display Only
Display Only—This description indicates the LCD menu
item is for informational purposes only.
Menu Selection—This description indicates there are selections available and the choices may be scrolled through using
the
keys. Press the
key again to save menu selection choice.
ENTER
Default Screen
RSSI
Text or Number Enter— This description indicates the
entry is alphanumeric. The
keys are first used to position the cursor over the text to be changed. Then, the
key
is pressed to enter the edit mode. Use the
keys to scroll
through all available characters. Press the
key again to
save the displayed character in displayed location.
ENTER
ENTER
Figure 15. Front Panel LCD Menu Navigation
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
LEDR Series I/O Guide
31
5.1 Front Panel LCD Menu Descriptions
NOTE: These menu selections are listed in alphabetical order.
CONSOLE
Baud Rate
9600
This menu allows you to set or view the current data rate setting for the
CONSOLE Port serial interface. Refer to Figure 33 on Page 127 for
pinout information of this Port. See “OPTION 1: Uploading Firmware
via the CONSOLE Port” on Page 94 for more information.
For the NMS command-line
equivalent, see “con” on
Page 56.
Parity
None
This menu allows you to set or view the current parity setting for the
serial interface. Refer to Figure 33 on Page 127 for
pinout information for this Port. Typically, this will be set to NONE.
CONSOLE Port
For the NMS command-line
equivalent, see “con” on
Page 56.
Default Screen
LEDR Link
Default Screen
This menu allows you to view the default screen that appears on the
LCD display. If desired, the default screen may be changed (See
“ Default Screen” on Page 33).
Diagnostics
Loopback
NORMAL (NONE)
This menu is used to start the loopback mode for testing purposes.
Remote loopback port selection is relative to the local port. The radio
link will translate any line mapping to select the correct physical remote
port to loop back, based on the selected local port.
When conducting RF loopback testing, see Page 69 (loopback NMS
command) for additional information.
For the NMS command-line
equivalent, see “loopback”
on Page 69.
Built in Test
Start?
This menu is used to start the loopback mode to check radio functions.
When conducting RF loopback testing, see Page 69 (loopback) for
important information.
For the NMS command-line
equivalent, see “test” on
Page 82.
32
LEDR Series I/O Guide
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
Front Panel
Backlight
ENABLED
Viewing Angle
~~
This screen provides control of the front panel LCD illumination. The
LCD illumination may need to be enabled to view the LCD depending
on ambient lighting conditions.
This screen allows you to adjust the viewing angle (top to bottom) of the
LCD screen. The angle may need to be adjusted to compensate for the
radio mounting position and ambient lighting conditions. Use the
keys to adjust the screen. Pressing
saves the adjusted value as the
default setting.
ENTER
Keypad Beep
ENABLED
This screen allows the radio beeper to be disabled or enabled. The
beeper provides a short “chirp” whenever a front panel key is pressed.
Key Repeat Wait
150 ms
This screen allows you to set the time delay that occurs before a key will
start repeating its function when held down.
Default Screen
RSSI
This screen allows you to set the default screen that appears when the
radio is first turned on, or is left idle for more than 10 minutes. The RSSI
screen is commonly chosen, but any screen may be selected as a default.
G.821
LEDR Link
G.821
G.821 Status
Error Free
This menu contains radio link performance information. The G.821
standard defines descriptive words associated with bit-error rate performance. Refer to the ITU-T G.821 recommendations for definitions and
standards.
This display shows summary information regarding the bit-error-rate
(BER) status of the radio.
Available
0 sec
This screen shows the available seconds of the radio link. The G.821
standard defines Available Seconds as the period of time following a
period of 10 consecutive seconds, each of which has a BER of less than
1x10-3.
Unavailable
0 sec
This screen shows the unavailable seconds of the radio link. The G.821
standard defines Unavailable Seconds as the period of time following a
period of 10 consecutive seconds, each of which has a BER of higher
than 1x10-3.
Errored
This screen shows the errored seconds of the radio link. The G.821 standard defines Errored Seconds as a one second period in which one or
more bits are in error.
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
LEDR Series I/O Guide
33
Severely Erred
Reset G.821?
NO
This screen shows the severely errored seconds of the radio link. The
G.821 standard defines Severely Errored Seconds as a one second
period that has a BER higher than 1x10-3.
This screen allows the user to reset the G.821 performance monitoring
screens.
General
Unit ID
000
This menu allows the Unit ID of the radio to be displayed or changed.
The Unit ID allows an individual radio to be signaled for Orderwire use.
For the NMS command-line
equivalent, see “unitid” on
Page 86.
Model Number
LEDR 1400S
This menu displays the radio model number. The user cannot change the
radio type.
For the NMS command-line
equivalent, see “model” on
Page 71.
Serial Number
xxxxxxxxxxxx
This menu displays the radio serial number and matches the serial
number on the chassis sticker. The user cannot change the radio’s serial
number.
For the NMS command-line
equivalent, see “sernum”
on Page 81.
Firmware Rev.
xxxxxxxx
This menu displays the firmware revision level of the internal radio software.
For the NMS command-line
equivalent, see “ver” on
Page 87.
Hardware Rev.
xxxxxxxx
This menu displays the hardware revision level of the main PC board in
the radio.
For the NMS command-line
equivalent, see “ver” on
Page 87.
34
LEDR Series I/O Guide
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
IO Configuration
Clock Mode
INTERNAL
This screen is used to set or display the data clocking method. For synchronization purposes, several different clocking schemes can be used.
See Table 10 on Page 23 for the combinations of radio bandwidth, data
rates and modulation types available for subrate radios. Table 11 on
Page 24 contains the same information for fullrate radios.
For the NMS command-line
equivalent, see “date” on
Page 57.
NOTE: For subrate models: LEDR 400S/900S/1400S
Earlier versions of the software may display the Clock Mode
as NORMAL instead of INTERNAL.
Interface
E1
This screen is used to set or display the payload data interface. The
available selections are E1, T1 and EIA530, depending on hardware
configuration of the LEDR radio.
For the NMS command-line
equivalent, see “interface”
on Page 62.
CAS Enable
DISABLED
This screen is used to set or display the Channel Associated Signaling
(CAS) status. The available selections are Enabled and Disabled.
This screen will only be functional in radios factory-equipped to support
CAS. Consult the factory if you require this service.
For the NMS command-line
equivalent, see “modem”
on Page 71.
Line map
1a 2b 3c 4d
This screen is used to set or display the current span mapping configuration. The entry consists of from 1 to 4 alpha-numeric characters specifying line interface to span mapping. Valid numbers are 1–4. Valid span
characters are a–d.
Example: Entering 1a 2b 3c 4d asserts the following:
maps line 1 to span a
maps line 2 to span b
maps line 3 to span c
maps line 4 to span d
For the NMS command-line
equivalent, see “linemap”
on Page 66.
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
LEDR Series I/O Guide
35
Line Configuration
Choose Line 1
LINE1
This screen is used to choose or display the line (1-4) that is selected.
This selection will be active for all of the screens that follow in the Line
Configuration menu and will be displayed in the upper right hand corner
of each screen.
For the NMS command-line
equivalent, see “linename”
on Page 67.
Frame Struct 1
FAS ONLY
This screen is used to set or display the span(s) frame structure. The
allowable selections are shown in Table 13.
Table 13. Frame Structure—Allowable Selections
T1 Operation
E1 Operation
0–FT only (Default)
0–FAS Only (Default)
1–ESF
1–FAS + BSLIP
2–ESF + PRM
2–FAS + CRC
3–SF
3–FAS + CRC + BSLIP
4–SF + JYEL
4–FAS + CAS
5–ESF + CRC
5–FAS + CAS + BSLIP
6–ESF + CRC + PRM
6–FAS + CRC + CAS
7–Unframed (none)
7–FAS +CRC + CAS +BSLIP
8–Unframed (none)
For the NMS command-line
equivalent, see “fstruct” on
Page 59.
AIS Generate 1
OFF
This screen is used to set or display the Alarm Indication Signal (AIS)
status. It may be set to ON or OFF. When generation is enabled, fault
conditions within the link or at the line interface will cause the appropriate AIS signaling to occur.
For the NMS command-line
equivalent, see “ais” on
Page 49.
AIS Forwarding 1
OFF
This screen is used to set or display the Alarm Indication Signal (AIS)
forwarding status. It may be set to ON or OFF. When forwarding is
enabled, AIS/RAI signaling at the line interfaces will be detected and
passed to the other end of the radio link.
For the NMS command-line
equivalent, see “ais” on
Page 49.
36
LEDR Series I/O Guide
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
Line Code
AMI
This screen is used to set or display the linecode used by the radio. The
available selections are AMI or HDB3.
For the NMS command-line
equivalent, see “linecode”
on Page 66.
Reframe
3 cons. FAS
This screen is used to set or display the reframe criteria of the LEDR
radio. The setting is based on the number of errors encountered. The
available selections for T1 and E1 operation are listed in Table 14
below.
Table 14. Reframe Criteria Selections
T1 Operation
E1 Operation
2 out of 4 Fbit errors (Default)
3 consecutive FAS errors (Default)
2 out of 5 Fbit errors
915 CRC errors
2 out of 6 Fbit errors
For the NMS command-line
equivalent, see “reframe”
on Page 75.
Pulse Shape 1
g.775
This command is used to select or display the pulse shape used with the
data interface cable. The chart below shows the available selections for
T1 and E1 operation.
Specification
g.775 (Default)
i.431
For the NMS command-line
equivalent, see “line” on
Page 65.
Cable Length 1
1-133 ft
This command is used to set or display the cable length being used for
the data interface. The available selections are:
1 to 133 feet (Default)
133 to 266 feet
266 to 399 feet
399 to 533 feet
533 to 655 feet
For the NMS command-line
equivalent, see “line” on
Page 65.
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
LEDR Series I/O Guide
37
Login
LEDR LINK
Login
The login menus allows you to log in to the radio’s operating system and
gain access to configuration and diagnostics functions permitted for
your assigned access level.
Username
Admin
The username menu is where you specify the user name assigned by the
user access administrator.
For the NMS command-line
equivalent, see “login” on
Page 68.
Password
******
The password screen is where you specify the password associated with
your user name to gain access to the login account. A maximum of eight
characters is allowed.
For the NMS command-line
equivalent, see “passwd”
on Page 72.
Logout
LEDR Link
Logout
The logout menu allows you to terminate your session with the LEDR
radio. When this screen is displayed, press
to finish your session.
ENTER
Modem
Rx Lock
LOCKED
38
This menu indicates whether the receiver demodulator has detected a
signal, acquired the carrier, and data rate, as well as achieved a Forward
Error Correction (FEC) lock.
Freq. Offset
-170 Hz
This screen shows the frequency offset of the LEDR radio as measured
in Hertz.
Corrected
0 bytes
This menu shows how many bytes have been corrected by the radio’s
FEC capability.
Uncorrectable
0 blocks
This menu shows how many frames (blocks) could not be corrected by
the radio’s FEC capability.
Bit Error Rate
< 1 x 10-6
This menu shows the current bit error rate (BER) of the LEDR radio.
LEDR Series I/O Guide
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
Network
IP Address
000.000.000.000
This menu allows changes to the radio’s IP address. The IP address is
used for network connectivity. The IP address also allows new radio
software to be downloaded over-the-air.
For the NMS command-line
equivalent, see “ip” on
Page 63.
Netmask
000.000.000.000
This menu allows the subnet mask to be viewed and changed. The
subnet mask specifies which bits of the host IP address can be re-used
for increased network addressing efficiency.
Example: Consider an IP address in a Class C network, such as
150.215.017.009. The Class C network means that the right-most group
of numbers (009) identifies a particular host on this network. The other
three groups of numbers (150.215.017) represent the network address.
Subnetting allows the further division of the host part of the address
(right-most group of numbers) into two or more subnets. A subnet mask
of 255.255.255.127 allows half of the host portion of the IP address to
be reused to define sub-networks.
For the NMS command-line
equivalent, see “ip” on
Page 63.
Gateway
000.000.000.000
This menu allows the Gateway IP address to be viewed or set. The
Gateway IP address is the address of the radio that connects the radio
network to an IP network.
For the NMS command-line
equivalent, see “ip” on
Page 63.
Default IP Port
Ethernet
This menu allows selection of the Default IP port for networking connections to the LEDR radio. The Ethernet selection is used for cable connection to a Local Area Network (LAN) or repeater via the radio’s rear
panel ETHERNET connector.
The AIR selection is commonly used for over-the air (RF) networking
between radios, but may also be used with a back-to-back cable connection between two radios via the radio’s rear panel ETHERNET NMS connector. This type of communication uses the SNAP protocol and
requires the use of an ethernet crossover cable.
For the NMS command-line
equivalent, see “ip” on
Page 63.
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
LEDR Series I/O Guide
39
Orderwire
Send ODW Alert
This menu allows you to “ring” the Orderwire at a specified radio site.
Refer to USING ORDERWIRE on Page 99 for instructions on using the
Orderwire.
For the NMS command-line
equivalent, see “alert” on
Page 51.
Volume
~~~
This screen is used to set or display the Orderwire volume. Use the
keys to adjust the volume level. Pressing
saves the adjusted
value as the default setting.
ENTER
For the NMS command-line
equivalent, see “volume”
on Page 88.
Vox Threshold
~~
This screen is used to set or display the Orderwire vox threshold (activation level). Use the
keys to adjust the vox threshold. Pressing
saves the adjusted value as the default setting.
ENTER
For the NMS command-line
equivalent, see “vox” on
Page 88.
Performance
The Performance menu items provide diagnostics information regarding
the radio. The following diagnostic parameters are available on a continuous, updating basis:
•
•
•
•
RSSI
-60 dBm
RSSI—Received Signal Strength Indicator
SNR—Signal/Noise Ratio (not valid if there is an RX Alarm)
POUT—Power Output
PA Temperature—Power amplifier temperature
The RSSI display indicates the strength of the radio signal being
received by the radio. The measurement is in dBm. Therefore, an RSSI
of –80 dBm is stronger than a –100 dBm signal.
For the NMS command-line
equivalent, see “rssi” on
Page 79.
SNR
+27 dB
The SNR display indicates the relationship of the amount of intelligence
versus noise on the radio signal. The higher the SNR, the better the
quality of the radio signal.
For the NMS command-line
equivalent, see “snr” on
Page 81.
40
LEDR Series I/O Guide
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
Power Out
+30 dBm
The Power Output display indicates the transmitter power output in
dBm. (+30 dBm is equal to 1.0 watt; +20 dBm is 100 mW.)
The power output level can be set from this display by pressing the
key, and through use of the arrow keys, increase or decrease the power
level. When the desired value is displayed, press the
key to save
the setting.
ENTER
ENTER
For the NMS command-line
equivalent, see “rfout” on
Page 77.
PA Temperature
+37 °C
The PA Temperature display indicates the internal temperature
(degrees Celsius) at the warmest point on the radio’s printed circuit
board (near the power amplifier section).
For the NMS command-line
equivalent, see “temp” on
Page 82.
NOTE: It is normal for the PA temperature to be 30 to 40° C above the
ambient room temperature.
Redundant
My Status
OK
Sibling Status
OK
This screen is used to display the status of the radio currently being used.
“OK” is displayed when no problems are detected.
This screen is used to display the status of the “other” radio in a protected configuration (the one not currently being used). “OK” is displayed when no problems are detected.
Active
NO
This screen is used to set or display whether the currently selected radio
is the active unit.
Mode
1 + 1 HOT
This screen is used to set or display the radio’s redundancy mode. The
available selections are: 1+1 HOT (redundant hot standby), 1+1 WARM
(redundant warm standby) or STANDALONE (non-redundant) configuration.
Sibling IP
000.000.000.000
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
This screen is used to set or display the sibling radio’s Internet Protocol
(IP) address. (See note below.)
LEDR Series I/O Guide
41
NOTE: The associated radio IP address should be programmed to the
IP address of the other radio connected to the protected
switching chassis. The associated radio IP address is used by
the redundant radio to share information between the units.
This address is necessary for proper operation. The associated
radio IP address does not affect IP routing and forwarding,
SNMP, or Telnet.
Hitless
ON
This screen sets or displays whether the radio is set to perform “hitless”
(error-free) switchover in the event of an alarm condition.
Default Radio
Yes
This screen displays whether or not the radio is the default radio in a protected configuration. The default radio is determined by which one is
connected to the top connector of the Protected Switch Chassis rear
panel. (See Figure 12 on Page 18.)
Switch Xcvr
Switch?
This screen is used to force a switchover to the non-active radio transceiver. (The newly selected unit becomes the active transceiver).
Remote Status
Remote UnitID

This screen is used to set or display the unit identification for the remote
radio.
RF Configuration
Tx Frequency
This menu is used to set or view the transmit (TX) frequency of the
radio.
For the NMS command-line
equivalent, see “freq” on
Page 59.
Rx Frequency
This menu is used to set or view the receive (RX) frequency of the radio.
For the NMS command-line
equivalent, see “freq” on
Page 59.
42
LEDR Series I/O Guide
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
Tx Key Enable
This menu is used to enable (key) or disable (dekey) the transmitter or
to verify that the radio is keyed and the transmitter is active. The radio
is normally keyed and transmitting whenever power is applied.
For the NMS command-line
equivalent, see “txkey” on
Page 86.
Bandwidth
Mod/Data rate
32-QAM 768 kbps
This menu displays the bandwidth setting of the radio. The bandwidth is
set at the factory and cannot be changed by the user. Refer to Table 10
on Page 23 for allowable combinations of bandwidth, data rates, and
modulation types.
This menu displays the modulation type and the aggregate link data rate.
The available modulation types are QPSK, 16 QAM, and 32 QAM. The
data rate can be changed, but is dependent on the modulation type. See
“Bandwidths, Data Rates and Modulation Types” on Page 23.
For the NMS command-line
equivalent, see “modem”
on Page 71.
6.0 CONFIGURATION AND CONTROL
VIA THE CONSOLE PORT
6.1 Introduction
The CONSOLE Port on the front panel provides full access to configuration and diagnostics information. It is the most common way to access
the LEDR radio for its initial configuration. The CONSOLE Port is an
EIA-232 connection that provides ASCII text communications to a connected terminal.
Most of the commands listed on the following pages are available
through other communication channels as well. These include Ethernet,
IP, Telnet and the rear panel Service Channel.
Refer to I/O Connector Pinout Information on Page 127 for connector
wiring details.
NOTE: It is important to use a terminal or terminal-emulator that
supports 80 characters-per-line and 25 lines-per-screen. The
display will be distorted if terminals with different line characteristics are used.
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
LEDR Series I/O Guide
43
6.2 Initial Connection to the CONSOLE Port
NOTE: The default connection parameters for console operation are
9600 bps, 8 bits, no parity, 1 stop bit (96008N1). The console
port is configured as DCE.
1. Connect a terminal to the front panel DB-9 connector labeled
2. Open an ANSI terminal application on the terminal. (If using the
Windows operating system, a HyperTerminal session can be started
by selecting Programs>>Accessories>>HyperTerminal.)
3. Press ENTER a few times. When communications are established
with the radio, a LEDR> text prompt appears on the terminal screen.
4. Type login  (or rlogin  for remote
access) and press ENTER . At the password> prompt, type your password (Eight characters maximum; case sensitive).
5. You now have access to the command line interface. It can be used
to configure and query the radio parameters and setup information.
The available commands can be listed on the display by typing help
at the LEDR> prompt, then ENTER .
6.3 NMS Commands
Once you are successfully logged in, the Network Management System
(NMS) commands shown in Table 15 are available at the command line
prompt (LEDR>). Note that some commands are model and/or feature
specific. See Table 16 on Page 48 for an explanation of feature-specific
icons.
Command Entry Hints—Recalling Commands
Recalling the most
recent command
To recall the most recent command issued from the terminal, enter two
exclamation points (!!) followed by ENTER . The command will reappear at the LEDR> prompt. Press ENTER again to invoke the command,
or edit the string as necessary.
Recalling the most
recent command
beginning with xyz...
To recall the most recent command beginning with xyz (where xyz is a
string of up to 16 characters), enter an exclamation point (!) followed by
a few characters of the command. For example, if the threshold command was recently used, entering !thresh followed by ENTER would
make the threshold command reappear at the LEDR> prompt. Press
ENTER again to invoke the command, or edit the string as necessary.
These “recall” techniques are especially useful for commands containing a long string of characters, such as IP addresses or other configuration data.
44
LEDR Series I/O Guide
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
Table 15. NMS Commands
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
Command
Description Summary
Details
? or help
Displays the available NMS commands. May also
be entered after any other command to obtain
context sensitive help.
Page 48
ais
Echoes/enables/disables Alarm Indication Signal
(AIS) generation and Remote Alarm Indication
(RAI) detection, AIS and RAI Signal (RAIS)
forwarding on given span(s).
Page 49
alarm
Provides control of alarm outputs and displays
state of alarm inputs.
Page 50
alert
Sends an alert sound to the specified radio
Page 51
arp
Set/display ARP Setting of Ethernet Port
Page 51
ber
Bit-Error Rate report for the RF link.
Page 52
bert
Bit-Error Rate test of data interface
Page 52
boot
Displays the active image (firmware) or reboots
the radio with a specified firmware image
Page 54
buzzer
Briefly sounds the radio’s piezo buzzer to test its
operation
Page 54
clkmode
Set/display data clocking mode
Page 55
coffset
Displays modem carrier frequency offset in Hz
Page 56
con
Set/display CONSOLE Port communications
parameters
Page 56
config
Used to get or send a radio configuration file
Page 56
date
Set/display current date
Page 57
dtmf
Turns dual tone, multi-function signaling feature
on or off
Page 57
eia530
Set/display EIA-530 RTS or DTR control lines
Page 57
ethernet
Displays Ethernet address
Page 57
events
Event log commands
Page 57
evmap
Set/display alarm port and alarm LED settings
Page 58
fec
Display corrected and Uncorrectable FEC errors
Page 58
freq
Set/display operating frequencies
Page 59
fset
Display absolute frequency limits
Page 59
fstruct
Set/display current span(s) frame structure
Page 59
g821
Show/Reset G.821 information
Page 60
group
Set/display network group
Page 60
help or ?
Displays the available NMS commands. May also
be entered after any other command to obtain
context sensitive help.
Page 48
LEDR Series I/O Guide
45
Table 15. NMS Commands (Continued)
46
Command
Description Summary
Details
icopy
Firmware image copy
Page 61
idlepat
Set/display timeslot idle pattern
Page 61
info
Set/display radio/owner information
Page 62
interface
Set/display the payload data interface
Page 62
interleave
Set/display interleave depth
Page 63
ip
Set/display the radio’s IP configuration
Page 63
iverify
Firmware image verify
Page 64
lcd
Tests radio’s front panel LCD display
Page 64
led
Tests radio’s front panel LEDs
Page 64
line
Set/display pulse shape settings
Page 65
linecode
Set/display the linecode used by span(s)
Page 66
linerr
Show/enable/clear line errors
Page 67
linemap
Set/display current linemapping configuration
Page 66
linename
Set/display names for line interfaces
Page 67
log
View, sort, clear, send event log information
Page 67
login
Console user level access
Page 68
logout
Console user exit
Page 69
loopback
Set/display loopback modes
Page 69
model
Display radio model number
Page 71
modem
Set/display radio modulation type and data rate
Page 71
network
Display radios in the network
Page 72
passwd
Sets new user password (8 characters max.)
Page 72
ping
Test link to IP address on network
Page 73
pll
Displays Phase Lock Loop status
Page 73
pmmode
Enables/disables modem modulator power
measurement mode (on/off)
Page 73
rdnt
Set/display redundant operating configuration
Page 74
reframe
Set/display the reframe criteria
Page 75
reprogram
Reprograms radio software
Page 76
rfocal
Set/display RF power output calibration sequence
Page 76
rfout
Displays transmit power
Page 77
rlogin
Log in to remote radio
Page 77
route
Add/delete/modify IP routing table entries
Page 77
LEDR Series I/O Guide
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
Table 15. NMS Commands (Continued)
Command
Description Summary
Details
rssi
Displays received signal strength
Page 79
rssical
Set/display RSSI calibration table
Page 80
rxlock
Displays current modem lock status
Page 80
sabytes
Echo/set sa bytes in E1 multi-frame
Page 80
sernum
Displays radio serial number
Page 81
snmpcomm
Set/display SNMP community names
Page 81
snr
Displays signal to noise ratio
Page 81
spur
Set/display spur frequencies for the radio network
Page 81
status
Displays performance and configuration data
Page 81
svch
Set/display Service Channel configuration
Page 82
telnetd
Displays or kills (terminates) Telnet session(s)
Page 82
temp
Displays PA temperature
Page 82
test
Runs self-test of LEDR hardware
Page 82
threshold
Set/display performance degradation threshold(s)
Page 83
time
Set/display system time
Page 84
timeslot
Selects which timeslots to transmit for a span(s).
Default action is to enable.
Page 84
trapfilter
Set/display which events cause SNMP traps
Page 85
trapmgr
Set/display the trap manager IP address
Page 85
trend
Displays continuously updated readings of: RSSI,
radio temperature, RF output, signal-to-noise
ratio, and FEC errors (corrected and
uncorrectable).
Page 85
txkey
Key or unkey radio
Page 86
unitid
Displays the three-digit unit identification
Page 86
uptime
Displays how long the radio has been operating
Page 86
user
Administration tool for adding, modifying or
deleting user accounts
Page 86
ver
Displays software version
Page 87
volume
Set/display orderwire handset volume
Page 88
vox
Set/display orderwire VOX threshold
Page 88
who
Displays the currently logged in radio
users/accounts
Page 88
NOTE: The NMS commands listed in this manual show the full set of
commands for all radio versions. Different hardware configurations may have fewer selections.
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
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47
6.4 Command Detailed Descriptions
Introduction
The following commands are available through the CONSOLE port.
These commands all require the Enter or Return key be pressed after the
command.
The following conventions are used to help describe the usage of the
commands.
Square brackets [ ] contain subcommands that may or may not be
needed as part of the desired command. If there is more than one
possible subcommand a vertical line | separates the commands
within the square brackets. A subcommand is an optional extension of the command and changes the basic command.
Angle brackets <> contain arguments. The arguments are values
needed to carry out the command such as a frequency value or
option.
Some commands are limited to use in certain radio models or configurations. These include subrate and fullrate. One or more of the symbols
as listed in Table 16 will identify these commands.
Table 16. Feature-Specific Icons
Symbol
530
EIA-530
FT1
Fractional-T1/G.703
FE1
Fractional-E1/G.703
E1
? or help
Interface/Group
E1/G.703
User help
Usage: ? or help
This command returns a list of currently available commands. In addition, entering ? as a subcommand before or after a command returns
usage information regarding the command.
Command Example:
?rssi ENTER
Returns:
Usage: command [subcommand] 
48
LEDR Series I/O Guide
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
ais
Alarm Indication Signal
FT1
Usage: ais [linelist] [-g ] [-f ]
E1
FE1
This command enables or disables alarm signal generation [-g] and forwarding [-f] on specified E1/T1 interface lines. When generation is
enabled, fault conditions within the link or at the line interface will cause
the appropriate AIS/RAI signaling to occur. When forwarding is
enabled, AIS/RAI signaling at the line interfaces will be detected and
passed to the other end of the link.
Command Example:
ais -f on -g on
Returns:
AIS on RAI on
NOTE: For protected configurations and full-rate radios, disable the
alarm generation through the use of the ais -g off command.
Background on AIS command:
In fractional operation, the radio extracts the required timeslots and data
at the input to a link, and reconstructs the full frame at the output end.
The AIS -g (generation)> command, when enabled, allows the radio to
override the frame reconstruction process in order to generate a proper
all-ones alarm signal. For example, modem loss of synchronization will
cause all-ones to be transmitted from the active G.703 ports. When AIS -g
is disabled, the output will consist of a framed signal with all-ones in the
active timeslots. In Fractional operation, AIS generation also creates a
yellow alarm/RAI back to the defective source when a problem is found
at the input. In FE1 mode, when AIS -g is enabled, loss of Multi-Framing
Alignment Sequence (MFAS) at the line receiver will generate a
Multi-frame Yellow Alarm (MYEL) or Multi-frame Remote Alarm
Indication (MRAI) at the line transmitter.
is the act of detecting a condition at the input and
causing an appropriate response at the other end. For example, with forwarding enabled, an all-ones signal applied at one end causes all-ones to
be output at the other. A Remote Alarm Indication (RAI) applied will
likewise appear at the opposite end. Disabling the forwarding function
limits the presentation of alarm signaling to the active timeslots at the
remote end. It is recommended that the ais -f on or ais --g on command be
used for Fractional operation, to enable alarm generation and forwarding.
AIS <-f (forwarding)>
In full-rate modes, the radio will always output AIS when the unit is
unlocked—received radio signal is lost. When the modem is locked, and
the input is removed from one end, you will get all-zeros at the other end
unless AIS generation is enabled. Yellow alarms/RAI are not generated
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
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49
in the full-rate LEDR radio models; however AIS and RAI forwarding
are available. It may be desirable to have alarms generated (ais -g on) in
full rate models, depending on the user's requirements as outlined in the
next paragraph.
Since the generation and forwarding operations require use of the Service Channel, the AIS/RAI response times are on the order of a few seconds. Generation and forwarding can be very helpful in correcting
problems with the network when they arise. However, in systems where
the response time is critical, these modes should be disabled: In fractional mode, enter ais -f off -g off. In full-rate mode, enter ais -g off.
alarm
Alarm I/O
Usage: alarm [in|out] [1-4|all] [subcommand] [arguments]
This command is used to control the four (4) external alarm contacts and
display the state of the four (4) external alarm inputs.
Outputs (Relays)—Alarm outputs may be directly driven to a
state, or be mapped to, internal events via the evmap command
(Page 58). When mapped to events, the active level may reprogrammed to be either active-open or active-closed. Active means
that an event is mapped to an external alarm output that is currently
active. (See “Alarm I/O” on Page 21 for electrical parameters and
typical examples of alarm usage.)
Inputs—Alarm inputs are used to generate events in the event log
and also generate SNMP traps if so programmed by the events filter
command. They may be directly read via the alarm command, as
well. They may also have their active level set to be either active
high or low. (alarm active high; alarm active low)
Naming—Finally, both inputs and outputs may be named by users
to allow for easy identification. For example, “Fire Alarm” could be
used as the name for Alarm Input 1. Traps are sent with this name
so that users may more easily identify the source of the alarm.
Subcommands:
active [open|closed]—Set
alarm input/outputs active state.
—Latch alarm outputs to one state to ignore events
which are assigned to them.
set [open|closed]
name [name_string]—Create a user defined “name” for each alarm. No
spaces, 16 characters maximum; not compatible with “all”.
Command Example #1:
alarm in all
50
LEDR Series I/O Guide
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Returns:
alarm:
alarm:
alarm:
alarm:
alarm:
alarm:
alarm:
Type
======
Input
Input
Input
Input
Name
================
AlarmInput1
AlarmInput2
AlarmInput3
AlarmInput4
Active
Level
======
closed
closed
closed
closed
Current
Reading
=======
open
open
open
open
Active
Level
======
closed
Current
Reading
=======
closed
Active
Level
======
closed
Current
Reading
=======
open
Command Example #2:
alarm out 2 set closed
Returns:
alarm:
alarm:
alarm:
alarm:
Type
======
Output
Name
================
AlarmOutput2
Command Example #3:
alarm in 3
Returns:
alarm:
alarm:
alarm:
alarm:
alert
Type
======
Input
Name
================
AlarmInput3
Alert another LEDR Radio in the Network
Usage: alert <3 digit unit ID>|all
This command is used to sound the alert buzzer on another radio. This
function allows you to signal a radio and alert someone that the Orderwire handset should be picked up.
The three-digit number following the command indicates the unit ID of
the radio that will be signaled. Radios available for signaling can be
determined by issuing the network command. See “USING ORDERWIRE” on Page 99 for more information.
arp
Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) Setting of Ethernet Port
Usage: arp [-a | -s [ip address] | -d [ip address]
-a
View the ARP table
-s
Add the IP address to the ARP table. The radio will proxy ARP
for any addresses that are added
-d
delete the IP address from the ARP table
This command displays the contents of the radio’s ARP table, which is
a listing of IP addresses of which the radio is aware. It can also be configured to “spoof,” or proxy, for other (non-LEDR) devices that are
managed using the radio’s out-of-band Service Channel and directly
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
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51
connected at some point to a radio’s Ethernet port, or to a common hub
with a LEDR radio. In other words, the radio network can be configured
for seamless integration of other IP-manageable devices by responding
to ARP requests and/forwarding IP traffic directed to those devices.
See the route command on Page 77 for information on other necessary
configuration steps to allow for IP connectivity to LEDR radios and
associated devices using the radio’s network-management channel.
ber
Bit-Error Rate of the RF Link
Usage: ber
This command displays pre-FEC and post-FEC Bit-Error Rate (BER)
between the LEDR radios in the first link.
NOTE: The BER measurement limit is 1E-8. For more reliable information on the link-error rate, use the g821 demod command.
bert
Bit-Error Rate Test of Data Interface
FT1
Usage: bert [linelist] [-e [pattern] | -d | -i [error] | -lp | -le | stats]
E1
FE1
is used for diagnostic purposes by causing the selected line of the
FT1/E1 interface port lines to output a user-selectable pseudo-random
bit sequence, either framed or unframed. This command also allows the
user to measure the bit error rate, number of errors, etc. This command
tests all T1/E1 timeslots without regard to the timeslot command’s configuration.
bert
linelist—List of local line interfaces. Can be single line number or linename (see linename command), comma-separated list of line numbers or
linenames, a range of line numbers (for example: 1-4), or if linelist is not
given, all lines will be tested.
NOTE: The hyphen is part of the argument string and must be included
for the command to function.
Subcommands:
Control—
-e
Enable bert generation/monitoring for line(s)
Can be immediately followed by the test pattern index value
(See -lp below). If none is included in the command, the
last-used pattern will be implemented.
52
-d
Disable bert generation/monitoring for line(s)
-i
Inject error. Index specifying type of error to inject. If no error
is specified, last error selected is used.
LEDR Series I/O Guide
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
Reference—
-lp
List available pseudo-random bit patterns
(See Table 17 on Page 53 for options.)
-le
List available errors to inject
(See Table 18 on Page 53 for options.)
stats Display
bert statistics
Table 17. Pseudo-Random Bit Patterns
Index
Description
Data
Inversion
Unframed 2^11 (Factory Default)
No
Unframed 2^15
Yes
Unframed 2^20
No
Unframed 2^23
Yes
Unframed 2^11 with 7 zero limit
No
Unframed 2^15 with 7 zero limit
No
Unframed 2^20 with 14 zero limit
(QRSS/QRS/QRTS)
No
Unframed 2^23 with 14 zero limit (non-standard)
No
Framed 2^11
No
Framed 2^15
Yes
10
Framed 2^20
No
11
Framed 2^23
Yes
12
Framed 2^11 with 7 zero limit
No
13
Framed 2^15 with 7 zero limit
No
14
Framed 2^20 with 14 zero limit
(QRSS/QRS/QRTS)
No
15
Framed 2^23 with 14 zero limit (non-standard)
No
Table 18. Errors to Inject
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
Index
Description
CAS multiframe (MAS) pattern error (E1 only)
Fs (T1) or MFAS (E1)
PRBS error
Change of frame alignment, 1 bit minus
Change of frame alignment, E1, 1 bit plus
CRC6 for T1, CRC4 for E1
Frame bit error...Ft, FPS, or FAS bit error depending on current
framer mode
Linecode violation
LEDR Series I/O Guide
53
Background information on bert command:
The bit error-rate test command, bert, is used to evaluate the link
between the LEDR data interface and the customer premises equipment
(CPE). When used, the LEDR radio will send a test pattern out of the
LEDR FT1/E1 Data Interface lines towards the CPE while simultaneously attempting to receive the same pattern back from the CPE. For
example, you can loopback the CPE’s external data device’s I/O, then
issue a bert command to the LEDR radio to check the integrity of the
wire connection. The test pattern can be user-selectable. (See bert command Options above for further information.)
NOTE: The bert command will not test or evaluate the integrity of the
LEDR radio link. (See “BENCH TESTING OF RADIOS” on
Page 122 for further information.)
NOTE: When operating FT1 or FE1 interfaces, this command tests all
T1/E1 timeslots without regard to the timeslot command’s
configuration.
boot
Boot from Active/Archive Software
Usage: boot [<1|2|-s|-o>]
This command is used to view or change the radio’s active software
image. If boot is entered alone, the currently active firmware image (1 or
2) is displayed. A selection of 1 or 2 after the command (e.g., boot 2) initiates a reboot from that image. (A message appears to confirm that you
wish to reboot the radio firmware.) Upon reboot, the radio and all radio
functions are restarted in a manner similar to turning the radio power off
and then on again. The radio is taken out of service until it re-initializes,
and the link loses synchronization until the reboot process completes
and the demodulators at both ends reacquire the radio signals.
A choice of software images allows booting an alternate version of radio
software. The ability to have two radio-resident software images allows
radio software reprogramming over-the-air and the ability to restore
operation to the original software if required.
Subcommands:
buzzer
Boot from Image 1
Boot from Image 2
-s
Boot from the active (same) image
-o
Boot from the inactive (other) image
Buzzer
Usage: buzzer
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This command briefly sounds the radio’s piezo buzzer for testing. It
should be used only from the CONSOLE Port.
Example Response:
buzzer: Starting test
buzzer: Test complete
clkmode
530
Clock Mode (Subrate Radios Only)
Usage: clkmode []
This command displays or sets the source of the radio’s transmit clock.
For synchronization purposes, several different clocking schemes can
be used. See Table 10 on Page 23 for the combinations of radio bandwidth, data rates and modulation types that are available for subrate
radios. Table 11 on Page 24 shows the combinations available for full
rate radios.
Subcommands:
internal—Internal oscillator sources TC; RC derived from far end
of radio link (default).
exttx—ETC accepted from external equipment on EIA-530 inter-
face; RC derived from far end of radio link.
looped—Recovered RF (RX) clock; TC is synchronized to RC;
RC is derived from far end of radio link. Note: Do not use looped
clocks at both ends of any radio link.
extdce—ETC and ERC are accepted as inputs on the EIA-530
interface.
FT1
E1
NOTE: Earlier versions of the software may display the Clock Mode
as NORMAL instead of INTERNAL.
Firmware Version 2.4.0 and Later – Use the clkmode command to
determine which port has been selected to drive the timing at the interface.
Firmware Version 2.3.1 and Earlier – This command allows the various possible clock sources to be prioritized. As timing sources become
available, the highest-priority source will be chosen by the system. If
attaching to the network or equipment that provides timing, a universal
form of the command would be clkmode 1 2 3 4 internal. If attaching to
equipment that will provide looped-back timing, a universal form of the
command would be clkmode remote internal. If both ends of the link provide looped timing, the internal clock source should be selected at one
end by entering clkmode internal. Note that at least one end of the link
should have either network or internal timing selected.
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
LEDR Series I/O Guide
55
NOTE: Firmware versions 2.3.1 and earlier, require that this parameter
be properly configured for correct operation of the link. More recent
firmware versions do not require that this item be manually configured.
However, the clkmode command may still be used to determine which
port is being used to drive the timing.
Firmware Version 3.0.0 and Later– The clkmode command applies
only to the EIA-530 interface.
coffset
Carrier Offset of Radio Modem
Usage: coffset
This command displays the Modem Carrier Frequency Offset.
con
Console port configuration on LEDR front panel
Usage: con (baud [300|1200|2400|4800|9600|19200|38400|115200]) (parity
[none|even|odd])
This command sets or displays the CONSOLE Port’s operating parameters. The CONSOLE Port data rate is set or displayed using the baud subcommand. The parity is set or displayed using the parity subcommand.
The default setting is 9600 bps, no parity, 8 data bits and 1 stop bit.
config
Configuration
Usage: config [get|send|getall] [filename|console] [hostIP]
This command is used to get or send a radio configuration file.
The radio stores its configuration data in a file that you can download
using the config send command. The output can be directed to a file or to
the NMS window, either in a Telnet session or a serial NMS session.
The config send command allows sending the configuration file over the
Ethernet management channel and storing it on a PC running a TFTP
server.
Subcommands:
send—Upload entire radio configuration file to host (includes all
radio-specific data)
get—Download radio configuration file from host (DOES NOT
download radio-specific data)
getall—Download entire radio configuration file from host
(including all radio-specific data)
Radio-specific data includes IP address, network settings, frequencies,
target power thresholds, calibration data, and IP routing table.
Command Example: config send config.txt 192.168.1.14
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This sends the configuration file to a TFTP server running on host
192.168.1.14 and stores it as a file called config.txt.
date
Date
Usage: date [MM/DD/YYYY]
This command sets or displays the date and time of the radio’s internal
real-time clock. The real time clock operates from an internal lithium
battery so it is running even if the radio has no DC power connected. The
date format may also be set or displayed from this screen for one of three
formats: U.S., European, or generic.
The real time clock is fully compliant with year 2000 standards.
Subcommands: date format [<1-3>]
Date Format 1: mm/dd/yyyy (All numbers)
Date Format 2: dd/mm/yyyy (All numbers)
Date Format 3: dd-MON-yyyy (English abbreviation of month)
Example Response: date: 07-JUN-1999 08:11:30
dtmf
Dual Tone, Multi-Function tone selection
Usage: dtmf [on|off]
This command is used to turn the DTMF signaling feature on or off.
eia530
530
EIA-530 selection
Usage: eia530 [rts ] [dtr ]
This command is used to set or display the status of the EIA-530 control
lines (RTS and DTR).
ethernet
Ethernet Port’s Hardware Address
Usage: ethernet
This command displays the fixed hardware address of the radio’s
Ethernet port. This address is globally unique; it is assigned at the factory and cannot be changed.
events
Events
Usage: events [subcommand] []
Subcommands:
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
pending
filter [event#] [count]
init
desc []
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57
This command allows viewing the pending events (pending), suppressing the notification of particular events (filter), initializing events
processing (init) and display of event descriptions (desc). To turn off logging (notification in the event log) for a particular event, the filter count
value should be set to zero.
Events 135-138 are remote alarm in [1-4], respectively, which reflects the
event state of the alarm in [1-4] of the remote-located radio at the other end
of the RF link.
Example Response:
events {events}: -DEMOD_ACQUISITION (Event #27)
events: Event#0 Filter count=1
events {init}: The event log has been re-initialized
events {desc}: Event#40 DescriptionIO2_DIG_REM_LPBACK
evmap
Event Mapping (for Alarm Output and LEDs)
Usage: evmap [subcommand] [event #] [arguments]
This command sets or displays which radio system events cause alarm
indications on the front panel LEDs or the rear panel ALARM I/O connector. The user can rename the alarm events, but they cannot be
deleted, nor can new ones be created.
The subcommands specify which output will be asserted (led or aout)
upon occurrence of an event #. Multiple outputs can be specified with
spaces between them. The dump option allows determining the current
event mapping for all of the events or, optionally, a specified numeric
range of events.
Events 135-138 are remote alarm in [1-4], respectively, which reflects the
event state of the alarm in [1-4] of the remote-located radio at the other end
of the RF link. Use the event filter counter to enable each particular
event. Use evmap and map to alarm output contact when necessary.
Subcommands are listed below:
led [ioalarm|txalarm|rxalarm|alarm|none]—Maps front panel LED(s)
to an event.
aout [none|1|2|3|4]—Maps
dump []—Display
an alarm output(s) to an event.
the LED and alarm output mappings
for all events.
See Figure 8 for reference to the Front Panel LEDs. Refer to Alarm—
Rear Panel on Page 129 for the pinouts of the ALARM I/O connector and
Disabling the Front Panel Alarm LED for Unused E1 Option Ports on
Page 88 for further information.
fec
Forward Error Correction Statistics
Usage: [fec ]
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This command displays corrected bytes and uncorrectable FEC block
errors.
Example Response:
fec: 1812992 Correctable Bytes
fec: 2 Uncorrectable Blocks
Frequency of TX & RX Channel
freq
Usage: freq [] [] []
This command sets or displays the transmit and receive frequency.
Example Response:
freq {TxFreq}: 942175000 Hz
freq {RxFreq}: 944175000 Hz
Frequency Setting
fset
Usage: fset [] []
This command sets the absolute frequency limits of the transmitter and
receiver.
Example Response:
fset {Tx MinFreq}: 1350000000 Hz
fset {Tx MaxFreq}: 1535000000 Hz
fset {Rx MinFreq}: 1350000000 Hz
fset {Rx MaxFreq}: 1535000000 Hz
Frame Structure
fstruct
FT1
E1
FE1
Usage: fstruct [linelist] [mode <0-7|none>]
This command is used to set or display the span(s) frame structure. The
[linelist] variable represents a list of line interfaces. This entry can be
either a single line number or line name (see linename command), a
comma-separated list of line numbers or line names, a range of line
numbers (i.e., 1-4), or if linelist is not given all lines.
In general, this parameter should be configured to match the frame
structure used by the customer premises equipment. The fstruct command also controls the generation of performance report messages in
ESF modes. In E1 radios, an unframed mode is available by issuing the
command fstruct mode 8.
In Fractional-E1 mode timeslot 0 is always sent, and for fstruct modes 4
through 7, timeslot 16 must be added to the payload list for proper operation.
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
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59
Table 19 shows a list of line mode values for T1 interfaces and Table 20
for E1 interfaces.
Table 19. T1 Frame’s Line Mode Values
Value
Mode
FT only (default)
ESF
ESF + PRM
SF
SF + JYEL
ESF + CRC
ESF + CRC +PRM
Table 20. E1 Frame’s Line Mode Values
Value
Mode
FAS only (default)
FAS + BSLIP
FAS + CRC
FAS + CRC + BSLIP
FAS + CAS
FAS + CAS + BSLIP
FAS + CRC + CAS
FAS + CRC + CAS + BSLIP
Raw, unframed, transparent mode.*
* Mode 8 is forbidden in fractional modes.
g821
FT1
E1
G.821 Information
Usage: demod io1|io2|io3|io4|all [clr]
This command is used to show or reset the radio’s G.821 information.
FE1
The LEDR family of radios support the ITU G.821 recommendation for
display of four categories of statistical availability information: available seconds, errored seconds, severely errored seconds, and unavailable seconds.
Example Response:
group
Demodulator: ERROR FREE
Savail: 1036
Sunavail: 0
ES: 0
SES: 0
Group Number in LEDR System
Usage: Group [<0-99>]
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This command sets or displays the network group in which the radio is
operating.
Example Response:group: 1
In a typical system, all the radios would operate in the same group,
allowing the flow of network-management and orderwire activity
between radios and from one radio link to any other in the system. At a
repeater site, all radios must be set to the same “group number” (and not
group zero) for this flow of information to take place. Setting group
numbers differently in repeater systems isolates links from each other
from a network-management perspective, allowing segmenting networks and controlling the flow of network-management information.
Across a radio link, groups can differ from each other; only radios physically connected by Ethernet cables to each other or to the same hub
must have the same group number to intercommunicate.
Setting a radio’s group to zero prohibits all network management traffic
from flowing to and from that radio’s Ethernet port.
User help
help or ?
Usage: help or ?
This command can be used alone, to list all available commands, or with
a specific command, to provide syntax assistance. Entering help before
or after a command will display the usage and possible subcommands of
the command.
Image Copy
icopy
Usage: icopy []
This command is used to copy the active software image to the inactive
software image.
Each radio stores two independent firmware files that control the radio’s
operation. The radio uses one of the files as the active software, which
is running. The other software file is inactive and is not running. The
ability to have two firmware images allows firmware reprogramming to
be done over-the-air and provides the ability to restore operation to the
original software if required. The icopy command allows copying all, or
a selected subset, of the regions of the active image to the inactive image
area. This is typically used to update the inactive image after loading
new firmware and rebooting the radio from the new image.
To view or change the active firmware image see “boot” on Page 54.
FT1
idlepat
E1
FE1
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
Idle Pattern
Usage: idlepat [] [slots ] 
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61
This command is used to set or display the bit-pattern used in the idle
timeslots. Some equipment requires a particular pattern. To set the bits
to all ones, use the command idlepat ff. To set the bits to a zero followed
by seven ones, use the command idlepat 7f. This command does not apply
to subrate models.
Argument Definitions:
linelist—Represents
a list of line interfaces. It can consist of a single
line number or linename, a comma separated list of line numbers or line names, a range of line numbers (i.e., 1–4) or, if
linelist is not given, all lines. See Table 19 on Page 59 for a list
of line numbers.
slotlist—A
list of timeslots consisting of a single slot number,
comma separated list of slot numbers, or a range of slot numbers (i.e., 2-8).
pattern—A
info
2 hex digit value (default value is 17).
Information as Selected by User
Usage: info [] []
info clear []
This command is used to program information into (or clear it from)
radio memory that is particular to the radio site or installation. The information is intended for identification and memorandum needs.
Five text fields are provided. The owner’s name string is limited to 10
characters. The description, contact, location, and name text fields are
limited to 254 characters. Any standard, printable ASCII characters are
allowed. The description field is programmed at the factory and is not
user-definable.
To display the owner’s name text field enter info owner. To display the
contact information enter info contact. To display the name information
enter info name. To display the location information enter info location.To
display all the parameters enter info.
To change the info text, enter text after info owner or other info field
name.
interface
530
FT1
E1
FE1
62
Interface for User Data
Usage: interface [e1|t1|530]
This command is used to set or display the payload data interface. If an
optional data interface board is installed, the user may select between
the T1 or E1 interface modes. The system will recommend a reboot and
provide a prompt to do so. This command must be properly set, or no
communication will be possible.
LEDR Series I/O Guide
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
Example Response:
interface {Line}: e1
NOTE: 1E1 through 4E1 data rates are not supported when using the
EIA-530 interface. The maximum EIA-530 data rate is 768
kbps.
interleave
Interleave
Usage: interleave [1-12]
This command is used to set or display the interleave depth. The depth
range is 1–12 with settable values of 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 and 12. Default setting
for Subrate is 2, Default setting for Fullrate is 12. The interleave setting
must match at both ends of a radio link, or the link cannot synchronize
regardless of any other radio settings or signal strength. Larger interleave settings cause longer link latency; in latency-sensitive applications, interleave value should be reduced to as small a value as is
possible while maintaining good link performance (See the g821 demod
command).
Example Response:
interleave: 1
Background:
In digital communications, interference often occurs in the form of short
noise bursts. These bursts normally corrupt a series of consecutive bits.
Interleaving is a digital algorithm that allows Forward Error Correction
(FEC) to better handle bursts of noise. Interleaving reorders the data so
that the symbols that would normally be neighbors in a given block are
spread among multiple blocks. FEC works on a block of data of a specific size and can properly correct errors as long as the number of errors
is small enough. With interleaving, the number of errors that occur
within a single block is reduced, thereby allowing the FEC to more
effectively correct burst errors.
The value of the interleaver function should not be changed unless there
are latency limitations for the radio link. If low latency is required, then
the interleave can be changed, but the ability to correct for the influence
of burst-noise on the BER will be reduced.
ip
Internet Protocol Settings
Usage: ip [subcommand] []
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63
Subcommands:
address [x.x.x.x]
netmask [x.x.x.x]
gateway [x.x.x.x]
IP port [ETH|AIR]
This command sets or displays the Internet Protocol (IP) settings for the
LEDR radio. The subcommands allow you to set the IP address, IP netmask, IP gateway, or IP port. The port setting determines whether IP communication to and from a particular radio occurs over the radio link or
via a PC (or other networked device, such as a router) directly connected
to the radio’s ETHERNET port. See “Network” on Page 39 for additional
information.
Example Response:
iverify
IP Address: 10.2.142.143
IP Netmask: 255.255.0.0
IP Gateway: 0.0.0.0
IP Port: ETH
Image Integrity Verification
Usage: iverify [image <1|2>] []
This command is used to determine the data integrity of the two firmware image files that reside in the radio. (See also icopy, above.)
Example Response:
iverify: Image has been verified
lcd
Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) Test
Usage: lcd []
This command starts a two-part test of the radio’s front panel LCD.
When lcd is first entered, the display should appear with all blocks black.
When the RETURN key is pressed, the screen should change to completely blank.
led
Light Emitting Diode test (Front Panel LEDs)
Usage: led [] []
This command is used to test the front panel LEDs. If no argument is
given, all front panel LEDs (except POWER) should flash in sequence.
Press Control-C to end the test. (See “Disabling the Front Panel Alarm
LED for Unused E1 Option Ports” on Page 88 for further information.)
Command Example:
led alarm on
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Returns:
led: Alarm LED ON
line
FT1
E1
FE1
FT1
Attributes of lines (cables) used with the radio’s T1 or E1 Interface.
This command is used to set or display the internal pulse template selection used by the LEDR interface to compensate for signal distortion created by various lengths and types of interface cables.
The [linelist] variable represents a list of line interfaces. It can consist of
a single line number or line name, a comma-separated list of line numbers or line names, a range of line numbers (i.e., 1–4), or if linelist is not
given all lines will be displayed. See Table 19 on Page 59 for a list of
line numbers.
Usage For T1: line [linelist] [cable length<0–4>] [spec]
T1 interfaces require setting of a minimum of two variables: ITU cable
specification and cable length. Table 21 shows the specification options
and Table 22 lists values used for various lengths of standard 100 Ω
twisted pair cables
Table 21. ITU Cable Specifications—Subcommand [spec]
Specification
g.775 (Default)
i.431
Table 22. Cable Length Values—Subcommand [cable length]
Value
E1
FE1
Line Length (Meters)
Line Length (Feet)
0.3 to 40 (default)
1 to 133 feet (default)
40 to 81
133 to 266
81 to 122
266 to 399
122 to 163
399 to 533
163 to 200
533 to 655
Usage For E1: line [linelist] [spec]
The only cable specification needed for E1 is the ITU cable type.
Table 23 lists the specification values for two standard 120 Ω ITU-T
G.703 cables
Table 23. E1 Cable Specifications—Subcommand [spec]
Specification
g.775 (Default)
i.431
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65
Command Example:
LEDR> line
Returns:
line {LINE1} {cable}: ITU-T G.703 120 Ω Twisted Pair
{spec}: i.431
line {LINE2} {cable}: ITU-T G.703 120 Ω Twisted Pair
{spec}: g.775
line {LINE3} {cable}: ITU-T G.703 120 Ω Twisted Pair
{spec}: g.775
line {LINE4} {cable}: ITU-T G.703 120 Ω Twisted Pair
{spec}: g.775
Line Code
linecode
FT1
E1
FE1
Usage: linecode [linelist] [B8ZS|AMI|HDB3]
This command sets or displays the radio’s linecode (T1: B8ZS or AMI;
E1: HDB3 or AMI).
The [linelist] variable represents a list of line interfaces. It can consist of
a single line number or line name, a comma-separated list of line numbers or line names, a range of line numbers (i.e., 1–4), or if linelist is not
given all lines will be displayed. See Table 19 on Page 59 for a list of
line numbers.
The most typical Fractional-T1 selection is to choose B8ZS for all ports
by entering linecode b8zs and E1 interfaces choose HDB3 for all ports by
entering linecode hdb3.
Example Response:
linecode: HDB3
linemap
FT1
E1
FE1
Line Mapping
Usage: linemap [maplist]
This command is used to set or display the current span mapping configuration for E1 and T1 configurations. The maplist variable consists of
from 1 to 4 alpha-numeric characters specifying line interface to span
mapping. Valid numbers are 1–4. Valid span characters are a–d.
Example: Entering linemap 1d 2b 3a 4c causes the following:
maps line 1 to span d
maps line 2 to span b
maps line 3 to span a
maps line 4 to span c
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NOTE: FE1/FT1 always use Span A.
Figure 16 shows the example pictorially. There are no restrictions of
which lines are mapped to which data channel spans.
Invisible place holder
LEDR LINE
(RJ-45 JACK)
E1/T1 SPAN
Span A
Span B
Span C
Span D
Figure 16. Example of Linemapping
NOTE: The cluster of four RJ-45 jacks on the rear of the radio is coded
from left to right as 1, 2, 3 and 4 as viewed from the outside of the
chassis.
linename
FT1
Line Name
E1
Usage: linename  
FE1
This command is used to set or display meaningful names of up to 16
characters to the four possible line interfaces.The [linelist] variable represents a list of line interfaces. It can consist of a single line number or
line name, a comma separated list of line numbers or line names, a range
of line numbers (i.e., 1–4) or, if linelist is not given, all lines. See
Table 19 on Page 59 for a list of line numbers.
The namelist variable consists of a list of names. It can consist of a
single name or a comma/whitespace-separated list of names. Names can
be up to 16 characters long.
linerr
FT1
Line Errors
E1
Usage: linerr [linelist] [on|off]
FE1
This command measures and displays the line performance between the
radio and customer equipment. Entering the command linerr on will initialize the line error measurement feature. The [linelist] variable represents a list of line interfaces. It can consist of a single line number or line
name, a comma-separated list of line numbers or line names, a range of
line numbers (i.e., 1–4), or if linelist is not given all lines will be displayed. See Table 19 on Page 59 for a list of line numbers.
log
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
Log of Events
LEDR Series I/O Guide
67
Usage: log [subcommand] []
Subcommands:
view [critical|major|minor|inform]
clear
send [filename] [hostIP]
This command is used to display and manage the event log file. Without
a subcommand, the complete log file will be displayed one page at a
time. If you are interested in less than the full report, use one of the following subcommands:
view—Sets
or displays the types of events to be displayed.
clear—Resets
the event log and purges all events from memory.
send—Uploads
the event log information to an IP address using TFTP
protocol in a way similar to the config command. (See config command
on Page 56.)
NOTE: When setting up a link for the first time, after powering up the
unit, you may want to clear the event log. After logging in as
SUPER, enter the command log clear.
login
Log into the radio’s CONSOLE port
Usage: login [username]
This command allows access to configuration and diagnostics information as allowed by the radio system administrator. You can shorten the
login sequence by following the login command with the user/account
name (username).
Example:
LEDR> login
Returns:
Username>
Type: fieldserv (or appropriate user name)
Returns:
Password>
Type: (password)
NOTE: User names and passwords must not exceed eight characters
and are case sensitive. Do not use punctuation marks.
See user command on Page 86 for more information on user access
levels.
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NOTE: Only one user can be logged in through the CONSOLE Port at
a time. Any new login will close the previous user/account.
Other users can login simultaneously through the ETHERNET
Port or front panel.
logout
Logout of the LEDR radio
Usage: logout
This command is used to log out a user.
Subcommands:
loopback
Loopback Functions
The loopback command is used to set or display the loopback mode that
can be used for diagnostic purposes. Entering loopback without any
parameters displays the current loopback mode.
Various data loopback modes can be used for diagnostic purposes. To
loop back Line Interface 1 towards itself, use loopback iol 1. To loop back
all line interfaces towards themselves and test the T1 option, use loopback local. To loop back all data at the remote site towards the RF path,
use loopback remote.
Entering loopback without any parameters displays the current loopback
mode.
Usage 1 for Fractional-T1:
loopback [none|rf|local|remote|iol [linelist]|ior [linelist] ]
Usage 1 Subcommands:
FT1
iol—The iol subcommand, for “I/O local,” refers to the local line loopback.
E1
FE1
local—Enables
a local digital loopback mode. With this test, incoming
bits on the EIA-530 interface are sent back out the radio’s DATA connector before the modem module. This can be used to verify proper
interconnection between the radio and the connected equipment. None
of the radio’s RF circuitry is involved in this test. (This description
covers only EIA-530 operation.)
For T1/E1 operation, the local subcommand enables a local digital MUX
loopback in the radio transceiver’s FT1 Interface Board before going out
to the main transceiver board.
none—Disables all loopback operation. This is the mode for normal
point-to-point operation.
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remote—EIA-530 Operation: Instructs the radio at the other end of the
link to “echo” all of the data it receives. This is an effective way of
testing the entire communications system, including the transmission
path over the air. (In the event of a communications failure with the
remote radio, the message “Remote Error” is displayed, and no loopback mode is selected.
T1/E1 Operation: The remote subcommand mimics the ior subcommand
described below.
rf—Enables an RF loopback mode. This mode allows testing of the local
radio transceiver’s transmit and receive chain. The receiver is rechanneled to the transmitter frequency.
NOTE: RF loopback testing is a valuable diagnostic tool, but it should
not be considered an exhaustive test of the transceiver. In some
cases, interaction between the transmit and receive
phase-locked loops (PLLs) can occur, causing erroneous
results during testing. Changing the transceiver’s RF output
setting may resolve these problems. Also, in some configurations, insufficient signal strength for RF loopback testing may
exist.
In addition, on all LEDR radios except the LEDR 1400 Series,
the transmit and receive frequencies must be within the same
subband for RF loopback to function.
Variables:
ior—An abbreviation for “I/O remote”, refers to the remote line loopback. Remote loopback port selection is relative to the local port. The
radio link will translate any line mapping to select the correct physical
remote port to loop back, based on the selected local port.
linelist—Represents a list of local line interfaces. It can consist of a single
line number or line name, a comma-separated list of line numbers or line
names, a range of line numbers (i.e., 1–4), or if linelist is not given all
lines. See Table 19 on Page 59 for a list of line numbers.
timeout—The timeout variable may be set between 0 minutes (never time
out) and 60 minutes.
FT1
Usage 2: loopback [inb|outb] [linelist] [on|off] [-u ] [-d ]
Usage 2 (E1) subcommands:
inb—Refers
to the inband loopback configuration.
outb—Refers to the outband Extended Super Frame (ESF) loopback
configuration.
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linelist—Represents a list of local line interfaces. It can consist of a single
line number or line name, a comma-separated list of line numbers or line
names, a range of line numbers (i.e., 1–4) or, if linelist is not given, all
lines. See Table 19 on Page 59 for a list of line numbers.
on|off—To
turn the loopback feature on or off.
-u —Allows
setting of the inband|outband loopback upcode.
The inband code consists of 1-7 bits, binary format.
Example: 00001
-d —The
subcommand allows setting of the inband|outband loopback downcode.
The outband code consists of 6 bits within the 16 bit ESF data
link codeword.
Example: 000111
within 16 bit codeword: 0<000111>0 11111111
model
Radio Model Number
Usage: model
This command displays the radio model number. This information is
programmed at the factory and cannot be changed.
modem
Modem
Usage: modem [matrix id] [+cas]
This command sets or displays the radio modem modulation type and
data rate. Table 24 shows the alphanumeric codes that can be entered for
fullrate radios and Table 25 for codes for subrate radios. Note that the
E1 selections are only valid on fullrate radios.
Table 24. Modem Command Arguments for E1 (Fullrate) Radios 1
DATA RATES
Modulation
Type
1xE1
2xE1
3xE1
4xE1
QPSK
A7
—
—
—
16 QAM
B7
B8
—
—
32 QAM
C7
C8
C9
C10
1. The available selections depend on the radio’s factory programmed bandwidth. See
Table 10 on Page 23 for the allowable combinations of bandwidth, data rates and
modulation types.
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Table 25. Modem Command Arguments for
EIA-530 & FT1 (Subrate) Radios1
DATA RATES
Modulation
Type
64
kbps
128
kbps
256
kbps
384
kbps
512
kbps
768
kbps
QPSK
A1
A2
A3
—
—
—
16 QAM
B1
B2
B3
B4
B5
B6
32 QAM
—
—
—
—
—
C6
1. The available selections depend on the radio’s factory programmed bandwidth. See
Table 10 on Page 23 for the allowable combinations of bandwidth, data rates and
modulation types.
Command Examples:
To set 32 QAM with 1xE1, enter modem C7
To set 16 QAM/384 kbps, enter modem B4
Special-Order Argument
NOTE: The cas command functions only in radios equipped with
either the FT1 or FE1 Interface and user firmware of revision
3.0 or higher.
FT1
FE1
network
cas—Set or display the Channel Associated Signaling (CAS) status for
Fractional-T1 or Fractional-E1 operation. The available selections are
modem +cas (on) and modem -cas (off). This command provides for FT1
Robbed-Bit Signaling bits to pass over the link. In the FE1 case, this
command, in conjunction with the fstruct command, ensures the proper
handling of the timeslot 16 signaling bid.
Network
Usage: network
This command displays the radios that can be reached via the Service
Channel for Orderwire and Element Management System (EMS) diagnostics.
Example Response:
Network
Address
10.2.142.148
10.2.200.196
passwd
Netmask
255.255.0.0
255.255.0.0
RF
Hops
Ethernet
Hops
Received
on Port
LPBK
AIR
Owner
Tech Serv 1
Tech Serv 2
Password
Usage: passwd
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This command is used to change the password for the user currently
logged in. A maximum of 8 characters is allowed, and it is case sensitive.
ping
Ping IP Address (Send ICMP Echo Request)
Usage: ping [ip address] [reps]
This command is used to verify the accessibility of any IP address on the
network to determine availability and measure network response time.
This command requires proper IP Routing and IP connectivity.
ipaddress—IP
reps
address to which you will send the request
- Number of requests-to-send (default = 1, maximum = 1000)
Example:
LEDR> ping 10.2.233.12 5
Example Response:
PING 10.2.233.12: 56 data bytes
64 bytes from 10.2.233.12: seq=1, ttl=255, rtt=49ms
64 bytes from 10.2.233.12: seq=2, ttl=255, rtt=6ms
64 bytes from 10.2.233.12: seq=3, ttl=255, rtt=9ms
64 bytes from 10.2.233.12: seq=4, ttl=255, rtt=33ms
64 bytes from 10.2.233.12: seq=5, ttl=255, rtt=12ms
pll
Phase Locked Loop
Displays current TX & RX frequencies, and TX/RX PLL status.
Example Response:
pll:
Tx Freq = 438075000 Hz, Rx Freq = 428075000
Tx PLL Status: Locked
Rx PLL Status: Locked
pmmode
Power Measurement Mode
Usage: pmmode 
This command is used to generate an unmodulated carrier on the transmitter frequency for the purpose of measuring RF output power or frequency stability using a spectrum analyzer.
Example Response:
pmmode: off
NOTE: Enabling the power measurement mode (pmmode on) will take
the local link down (out-of-service).
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rdnt
Redundant (Protected Operation)
The rdnt command is used to manage protected operation of the LEDR
radio and display operating status.
Usage: rdnt [subcommand] [arguments]
Subcommands:
active
default
hitless
ip
mode
nsd
status
swxcvr
temp
mode
The following subcommands are divided into two groups: read only and
read and set.
Read Only:
active—Shows
whether the currently selected transmitter is active or
inactive.
default—Displays
whether the radio is the default radio in a protected
configuration.
status—Protected
status of this radio and the sibling radio.
Read & Set:
hitless—Sets or displays the hitless (error-free) switching status of the
receivers. It can be enabled or disabled using the hitless on|off command.
In protected operation, either receiver (regardless of which transmitter
is active) can provide data to the user data port(s) in hitless mode. In
non-hitless mode, only the receiver in the active radio provides received
data. Radios operated in a space-diversity configuration must be configured to use hitless switching.
ip—Used to set or display the IP address to be kept in the memory of this
unit of the associated (sibling) radio in a redundant pair of transceivers.
In other words, the rdnt ip setting of the top radio in a protected pair must
be set to the bottom radio’s IP address for proper switching and network-management functionality.
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NOTE: The associated radio (sibling) IP address should be
programmed to the IP address of the other radio connected to
the Protected Switch Chassis. The associated radio IP address
is used by the redundant radio to share information between
the units. This address is necessary for warm-standby
switching. The associated radio IP address parameters do not
affect IP routing and forwarding, SNMP, or Telnet.
The rdnt swxcvr will not operate correctly if this parameter is
not set correctly.
mode [#]—Set or display one of three redundant operation modes
(0 = Standalone, 1 = 1+1 Hot Standby, 2 = 1+1 Warm Standby).
status—Shows the state of
This Radio and Other Radio.
both radios. Two status lines are displayed;
swxcvr—Forces
a switchover to the inactive radio transceiver. (The
newly selected unit becomes the active transceiver.) The rdnt ip parameter must be configured correctly on both radios in order for the swxcvr
command to operate correctly.
NOTE: The rdnt swxcvr command should not be used within 2 minutes
of a power-up to ensure reliable communications exist
between the two transceivers.
temp—Set
or display an over-temperature threshold (final amplifier
temperature in degrees Celsius), at which temperature switchover to the
other radio occurs.
nsd—Enable
or disable network self-discovery between the units in a
protected pair
Example Response for rdnt command:
rdnt {status}: This Radio = OK
rdnt {status}: Other Radio = OK
rdnt {active}: inactive
rdnt {mode}: 1+1 Hot Standby
rdnt {ip}: 10.2.233.12
rdnt {hitless}: on
rdnt {default}: no
rdnt {temp}: 50
rdnt {nsd}: on
reframe
FT1
E1
FE1
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
Reframe Criteria for User Interface Ports
Usage: reframe [linelist] [2of4 | 2of5 | 2of6 | CFAS | CRC]
This command is used to set or display the reframe criteria. The [linelist]
variable represents a list of line interfaces. It can consist of a single line
number or linename, a comma separated list of line numbers or line
names, a range of line numbers (i.e., 1–4), or if linelist is not given all
lines. See Table 19 on Page 59 for a list of line numbers.
LEDR Series I/O Guide
75
For Fractional-T1:
2of4
2of5
2of6
– 2 out of 4 Fbit errors (default)
– 2 out of 5 Fbit errors
– 2 out of 6 Fbit errors
For E1:
CFAS – Consecutive FAS errors (default)
CRC – 915 CRC (rx framer only)
reprogram
Load Radio Firmware Into LEDR Radio
Usage: reprogram [subcommand] []
Subcommands:network [filename] [hostIP]
status
This write command loads the radio application software (firmware)
into the LEDR chassis from an external resource using Trivial File
Transfer Protocol (TFTP). A TFTP server must be running on the network and properly configured to serve the necessary file(s). See
“OPTION 3: Uploading Firmware from a Remote Server via Ethernet”
on Page 97 for further details.
rfocal
Transmitter RF Output Calibration Table
Usage: rfocal  
This command starts the RFOUT Calibration Sequence and should only
be used when directed by MDS factory personnel.
CAUTION:This command is used to recalibrate the internal transmitter
power output metering circuitry and may affect the accuracy of
the power output level measurement. Contact the Technical
Services Department at MDS for further instructions
before using this command. Ask for technical publication,
Retuning Procedure for LEDR II Radios, P/N 05-3633A01.
Recalibration may be necessary if the radio’s transmitting
frequency has been significantly changed. For the LEDR 400
and 900 radios, this is generally a change of more than two
radio channels. In addition, it is very important to verify the
power calibration is incorrect on the new frequency by
measurement with a calibrated external wattmeter before using
this command.
The radio frequencies of the LEDR 1400 radio can be changed
without impacting the accuracy of the power metering circuit’s
calibration.
Example Entry: rfocal
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Example Response:
Region 0
Index 0, Rfout = 18 dbm, Gain = 17
Index 1, Rfout = 20 dbm, Gain = 28
Index 2, Rfout = 22 dbm, Gain = 47
Index 3, Rfout = 25 dbm, Gain = 79
Index 4, Rfout = 27 dbm, Gain = 110
Index 5, Rfout = 30 dbm, Gain = 170
Index 6, Rfout = 32 dbm, Gain = 210
rfout
RF Output Level Measurement
Usage: rfout
This command displays the transmitter RF power output in dBm. See
“Watts-dBm-Volts Conversion” on Page 129.
rlogin
Remote Login
Usage: [} []
The rlogin command is used to login to a remotely located radio via the
CONSOLE Port. It can be used to log into any radio that appears in the
network command display.
route
Routing Tables for IP
Usage: route [command [destination] [mask netmask] [gateway] [port]]
The route command is used to add, delete or modify the IP routing table
entries. Other radios in the network are automatically added to the
routing table using the radio’s “Network Self-Discovery.” Routing IP
traffic to other devices via the radio’s management channel can be performed by adding routes to the radio’s routing table.
Once the IP configuration is set using the ip command (Page 63), several
routing entries will appear in the routing table. The first of these routes
is the default route which has a destination address of 0.0.0.0. This route
is used when a more appropriate route is not available. Thus it becomes
the “catch-all” route. The second route that will appear is the default network route. This route has a destination address calculated by “anding”
the IP address and subnet mask together. The Next Hop address of this
entry will be the default gateway configured using the ip command and
the Interface will be the default port. This route is used to tell the radio
how to reach its base network.
The third route that is added has a destination address of 127.0.0.1. This
is known as the loopback route and is used when the radio sends a packet
to its own IP address.
Primary Commands:
print
—Show the current IP routing table
add [address] mask [netmask] [gw] [port]—Add/Change
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a route
77
gw is
port
a gateway IP address
is specified as either “ETH” or “AIR”
delete [address] mask [netmask] [gw]—Delete
gw
a route
is a gateway IP address
stored—Display
flush—Deletes
all user-added stored routes
all stored routes
destination—Specifies
the host to send command
Command Arguments:
mask—Where
the mask keyword is present, the next parameter is
interpreted as the netmask parameter.
netmask—Specifies
a sub-net mask value to be associated with this
route entry.
gateway—Specifies
port—Specifies
gateway IP address
IP port, either “ETH” or “AIR”
Example 1 Entry:
LEDR> route add 10.2.150.1 mask 255.255.255.255 10.2.150.101 air
Example 1 Response:
route: Route added
Example 2 Entry:
LEDR> route stored
Example 2 Response:
Destination
10.2.150.1
10.2.140.0
Net Mask
Next Hop
255.255.255.255 10.2.150.101
255.255.255.0
10.2.227.51
Interface
AIR
ETH
Net Mask
0.0.0.0
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.255
255.255.255.255
Interface
ETH
ETH
AIR
LPBK
Example 3 Entry:
LEDR> route print
Example 3 Response:
Destination
0.0.0.0
10.2.140.0
10.2.150.1
127.0.0.1
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Next Hop
0.0.0.0
10.2.227.51
10.2.150.101
10.2.227.5
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
Background on this command:
The LEDR Series of radios can be configured to pass IP management
traffic across the radio’s raw service channel. A process called “network
self-discovery” automatically configures IP routes between all radios in
a network (provided that the group command has been correctly configured throughout the system. (See “group” on Page 60). Also, see the arp
command on Page 51.
IP management traffic routing allows configuring and monitoring
devices other than LEDR radios using the same management channel,
providing clean integration of SNMP, Telnet, TFTP, and other IP management methods via one channel that doesn’t use any of the customer
payload bandwidth of the radio network.
Routes must be added to the radios at two points in the system to support
routing IP traffic to and from the connected devices: 1. At the gateway
end (where the management station is located), and 2. At the destination
end. Routes are added to the radios using the same convention as used
in the MS Windows, Windows NT, and DOS operating environments.
The exceptions here are that a mask and port must be specified, as well
as the target and gateway IP addresses. At both ends, the command used
is exactly the same (see command Example 1, above). In the command
example given above, the route is being added at the gateway end. The
difference is that at the gateway end, the port is air, and at the destination
end, the port is eth. Routes do not need to be added at points between the
gateway and destination, because the radio network handles the routing
between radios via network self-discovery. However, in each radio, the
IP gateway must be specified as the IP address of the radio at the network-management gateway in the system.
NOTE: Gateway Settings in Connected Devices
In the connected IP-manageable device, use the local radio’s
IP address as the default IP gateway for the device.
NOTE: Routing in Protected Systems
Each route added to a protected radio must be added to both
units in the protected pair, as they are stored separately. The
radios in a protected pair proxy for one another depending on
which radio is active, so the routing functionality is unchanged
and either radio in a protected pair can be specified as the
gateway for a connected device; but if a protected LEDR radio
is removed for servicing, all the routing information must be
programmed in the remaining radio for proper IP management
functionality.
rssi
Received Signal Strength Indicator
Usage: rssi
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This command displays the received signal strength. The measurement
is in dBm. Therefore, an RSSI of –80 dBm is stronger than a –100 dBm
signal. There may be a time delay between moving the antenna and
updating of the RSSI display. Be sure to allow adequate time between
antenna movements and observations.
rssical
RSSI Calibration
Usage: rssical  
This command starts the RSSI Calibration Sequence. See rfocal command on Page 76 for conditions.
CAUTION:This command should never be used unless calibrated test
equipment has shown the radio to have inaccurate RSSI
calibration. Contact the Technical Services Group at
MDS for further instructions before using this
command.
Example entry: rssical
Example Response:
Region 0
Index 0, RSSI = –110 dbm, Gain = –104
Index 1, RSSI = –90 dbm, Gain = –40
Index 2, RSSI = –75 dbm, Gain = +1
Index 3, RSSI = –60 dbm, Gain = +28
Index 4, RSSI = –45 dbm, Gain = +61
Index 5, RSSI = –30 dbm, Gain = +97
rxlock
Receiver locked onto Remote radio
Usage: rxlock
This command displays the current modem synchronization status.
Example Response:: rxlock: Modem is locked
sabytes
E1
SA Bytes in E1 Multi-framing
Usage: sabytes [linelist] [bytes ]
This command is used to set or display SA bytes in E1 multiframing.
The [linelist] variable represents a list of line interfaces. It can consist of
a single line number or line name, a comma-separated list of line numbers or line names, a range of line numbers (i.e., 1–4), or if linelist is not
given all lines. See Table 19 on Page 59 for a list of line numbers.
The bytelist variable consists 5 hex bytes (i.e., 3c) representing SA[4-8].
To keep a bytes present value when modifying higher bytes (i.e., modifying SA[7] only) use a * character in the respective byte position.
Example: sabytes 1 bytes *,*,*,3c changes only SA[7] for line 1 to 3c.
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sernum
Serial Number of Radio
Usage: sernum
This command displays the serial number of the radio. The number displayed with this command matches the serial number printed on the
serial number sticker on the radio chassis.
snmpcomm
SNMP Community Names
Usage: [][]
This command is used to set or display SNMP community names. Community names are passwords that are required to match at the SNMP
management station and each radio or other SNMP agent. You can add
security to the radio system’s network management by choosing
non-default community names (listed in the example) and setting the
community names in your management software to match.
Example Response::
snr
snmpcomm {read}: public
snmpcomm {write}: private
snmpcomm {trap}: public
Signal-to-Noise Ratio of Incoming RF Signal
Usage: snr
This command displays the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the received
signal in dB. The SNR is an indication of the quality of the received
signal. The higher this number, the higher the quality of the received
signal. SNR readings are invalid when the receiver is unlocked. See
rxlock command for details.
spur
Spur Frequencies
Usage: spur [|clear|default] []
This command is only operative for LEDR 1400 Series radios. It is used
to set or display the spur frequencies for the radio network. Add a decimal point “.” to the end of a frequency input to signify MHz unit.
status
Status
Usage: status
This command is used to display key performance and configuration
data.
Example Response:
status {Tx Freq}:438075000
status {Rx Freq}:428075000
status {Bandwidth}:100 kHz
status {Data Rate}: 256 kbps
status {Interleave}: 1
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status {Clock Mode}:internal
status {RSSI}:–78 dBm
status {SNR}:28 dB
status {Rx Lock}:Locked
status {Tx RF Out}:30 dBm
status {TxKey}: Keyed
status {Temp}:37 Degrees C
status {IP Address}: 192.168.11.49
status {IP Netmask}: 255.255.0.0
status {IP Gateway}: 0.0.0.0
svch
Service Channel Settings
Usage: svch [subcommand] []
Subcommands: baud [300|1200|2400|4800|9600
csize [5–8]
parity [none|even|odd]
stop [0–2]
This command sets or displays the Service Channel settings. For further
information, see “USING THE SERVICE CHANNEL” on Page 101.
telnetd
Telnet Display or Terminate Session
Usage: telnetd [kill session]
This command is used to display or kill (terminate) the current Telnet
session(s).
Entry Example: telnetd
Response:
Session
Username
tns0
Rem. Addr.
ENGR
Connected
10.2.129.22
01/03/2003
@ 13:57:17
Use telnetd kill session to terminate the current session.
temp
Temperature of PA Device
This command displays the radio’s power amplifier (PA) temperature.
Example Response:: temp: 35 Degrees C (PA Temperature)
Self-Test of Radio Hardware
test
Usage: test [<0–n>|]
This command starts a self-test function of the radio. There are several
separate tests that can be run individually by specifying the test number
after the command.
CAUTION
POSSIBLE
EQUIPMENT
DAMAGE
82
CAUTION:Do not perform a transmitter PLL test while the radio is
keyed, or the radio’s receive LNA may be damaged.
LEDR Series I/O Guide
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
NOTE: Performing a receiver or transmitter PLL test during normal
link operation will take the link down for the duration of the
test and the re-synchronization interval.
The internal self tests are listed in Table 26.
Table 26. Internal self tests
Function Evaluated
threshold
Number
Name
Flash Memory
flash
DRAM Memory
dram
Configuration
config
Battery
batt
Radio A- to-D Circuits
atod
Transmitter Phase Locked Loop
txpll
Receiver Phase Locked Loop
rxpll
Real-Time Clock
rtc
FPGA Logic
fpga
DSP
dsp
CODEC
10
codec
Threshold of Performance Degradation
Usage: threshold []
This command sets or displays the performance degradation
threshold(s) of the LEDR radio, at which time events are logged and
SNMP traps are generated. Setting these thresholds to zero or a negative
number will disable event logging and trap generation for those parameters.
Example Response::
rssi—dBm
threshold {rssi}: 0
threshold {snr}: 0
threshold {coffset}: 0
threshold {temp}: 110
threshold {15mines}: 900
threshold {15minses}: 900
threshold {24hres}: 86400
threshold {24hrses}: 86400
level below which an RSSI alarm is generated.
snr—Value
below which a signal-to-noise level alarm is generated.
coffset—Maximum
tolerable RF carrier frequency difference between
the local LEDR unit’s transmit frequency and the incoming RF signal
from the other LEDR radio.
temp—Power amplifier temperature above which an alarm condition is
generated.
15mines—Number
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of errored seconds within the last 15 minutes.
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83
15minses—Number
of severely errored seconds within the last 15 min-
utes.
24hres—Number
of errored seconds within the last 24 hours.
24hrses—Number
time
of severely errored seconds within the last 24 hours.
Time of Internal Clock
Usage: time [HH:MM[:SS]
This command displays or sets the time of the radio’s internal real-time
clock. The radio’s real time clock operates from an internal lithium battery so it is running even if the radio has no DC power connected.
The real time clock is fully compliant with Year 2000 standards.
timeslot
FT1
FE1
Time Slot Assignment
Select which timeslots to transmit. This command has two uses; in
Usage 1, the timeslots can be set or displayed. In Usage 2, all pending
timeslots are committed/made active.
The timeslots may be different at each end of the link. They will be
monotonically mapped; that is, Slot 1 is mapped to Slot 13, Slot 2 is
mapped to Slot 14, etc. To select timeslots 1 through 12, enter the command timeslot 1-12.
Usage 1: timeslot [-d] [slotlist]
Usage 2: timeslot -c
Variables:
–d
–c
Disable timeslot(s)
Commit pending timeslots
Modifications to the timeslot list are kept pending until all available
slots have been assigned. The user can choose to commit slots when the
last available slot is added to the pending list, or by using the -c option.
(See Usage 2.)
The default action is to enable given timeslots. If no arguments are
entered, the currently active timeslots and pending timeslots are displayed.
If rearrangement of timeslots is desired, some simple rules must be followed when CAS framing is used. Refer to the chart below for this discussion, where “TS” = “Timeslot”:
84
TS00
TS01–TS15
TS16
TS17–TS31
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If the timeslots are rearranged such that M is to the “left” of timeslot 16,
and N to the “right,” then the timeslot numbers at the other end of the
link must agree (M and N). They may be re-positioned within their part
of the E1 frame (to the left or right of TS16) but may not be moved to
the other side.
The slotlist variable is a list of timeslots and can be a single slot number,
comma separated list of slot numbers, or a range of slot numbers (i.e.,
2-8). Timeslots can be entered in any order and are automatically configured. Extra slots will be ignored. Unassigned timeslots in the pending
list are signified by MA (must assign).
NOTE: Enough slots for the full data capacity of the modem setting
must be specified or the link will not synchronize.
NOTE: FT1 timeslots are 1–24. E1 timeslots are 0–31.
NOTE: In FE1 mode timeslot 0 is always selected. When frame structures are selected that contain CAS (fstruct 4-7) timeslot 16
must be selected.
trapfilter
Trap Filtering for SNMP
Usage: trapfilter []
This command sets or displays which events cause SNMP traps. Filtering traps is done by category. Traps that are filtered are allowed to
pass through the network-management system. (See trapmgr on Page 85
and snmpcomm on Page 81 for additional information.)
trapmgr
Trap Manager IP Addresses
Usage: trapmgr [<1-5>] []
This command sets or displays the trap manager IP addresses. These are
the IP addresses of up to five network-management stations on which
SNMP manager software is operating, and to which notifications of
SNMP events (traps) are to be sent. The IP mask used for sending traps
is that set by the ip command. (See “ip” on Page 63.)
Example Response::
trend
trapmgr: 1 = 10.2.129.22
trapmgr: 2 = 0.0.0.0
trapmgr: 3 = 0.0.0.0
trapmgr: 4 = 0.0.0.0
trapmgr: 5 = 10.2.129.1
Trend of RF Performance Indicators
Usage: trend [] []
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This command is used to display continuously updated readings of:
RSSI, radio temperature, RF output, signal-to-noise ratio, and FEC
errors (corrected and uncorrectable). The display can be stopped by
pressing Control-C on the terminal.
If the trend command is used by itself or with all (trend all), all associated
parameters will be reported. More than one argument can be used to display several selected items in the desired order.
NOTE: This command is not available from a Telnet session.
txkey
Radio Transmitter Keying Status
Usage: txkey [on|off]
This command sets or displays the radio transmitter status. ON indicates
the radio transmitter is keyed and transmitting. OFF indicates the transmitter is not keyed.
unitid
Unit Identification Number for Orderwire and NMS
Usage: unitid []
This command sets or displays the radio’s unit identification number.
This number is used for Orderwire signaling and by the NMS (Network
Management System). (See “USING ORDERWIRE” on Page 99.) The
factory default is the last three numbers of the unit serial number.
(1-999)
uptime
Up Time
Usage: uptime
This command displays how long the radio has been powered-on.
user
User Account Information
Usage: user [subcommand] []
Subcommands:
add   
del 
perm  
pass
This command provides administrator access for setting new user
accounts and permission levels.
NOTE: The password (pass) and user names are case sensitive and
may not exceed eight characters. Two quotation mark characters ("") may be used as a “blank” password. If quotation
marks are used, the shift key or cap lock keys must be
depressed.
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User permission (perm) may be set to: read (r), write (w), network (n) or
administrator (a). The privileges granted by each level are as follows:
•
Read (r) is the lowest level of user access and allows radio information to be viewed only. Changes to radio settings are not allowed.
•
Write (w) allows most, but not all radio settings to be changed.
•
Network (n) allows everything permitted by lower levels, and also
allows changes to the radio’s IP configuration.
•
Administrator (a) allows everything permitted in lower levels, and
also allows changes to be made to user accounts (add, delete, modify). It is normally used by a System Administrator or other person
responsible for the radio system.
Example entry: user add fieldserv secret w
The above example shows the command string for adding a new user
(fieldserv), with “write” permission and a password of secret.
Example Response: user: Command Complete
NOTE: If you are logging in for the first time since the radio was
shipped from the factory, refer to Page 26 for important login
information.
ver
Version of Firmware/Hardware
Usage: ver [frw|hdw|ext]
This command displays radio version information for firmware (frw),
hardware (hdw) and Extended Version Information (ext).
Example 1:
LEDR> ver frw
Response 1:
ver: LEDR Part #06-3451A01
ver: 2.4.3 (Version of firmware
Example 2:
LEDR> ver hdw
Response 2:
ver: {Hardware version}: A
Example 3:
LEDR> ver ext
P/N above)
Response 3:
ver: Part #06-3451A01
ver: 2.4.3
ver:
ver: Image 1
ver: Region Expected Upgrade
ver: Firmware 2.4.3
ver: DSP
1.1.0
ver: FPGA
Ver1.22
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ver: Scripts Ver1.44
ver: Option Ver1.56
ver:
ver: Image 2 (Active)
ver: Region Expected Upgrade
ver: Firmware 2.4.3
ver: DSP
1.1.0
ver: FPGA
Ver1.22
ver: Scripts Ver1.44
ver: Option Ver1.56
ver {Active code}: compiled Aug 15 2000 08:47:46
Note: Blank lines following “Ver:” are spaces used as vertical
separations between data groups.
volume
Volume of Orderwire Earpiece
Usage: volume []
This command sets or displays the orderwire handset volume.
Example Response:: volume: 100
vox
Voice Operated Transmit
Usage: vox threshold <1–100>
The vox command sets or displays the level/threshold at which the orderwire microphone will key the transmitter.
NOTE: When the orderwire microphone is spoken into, the audio will
be heard by all LEDR radios in the network which currently
have a handset plugged into the front panel handset jack. Only
one station can transmit at a time; the circuit is half-duplex.
Example Response:: vox: 5
who
Identifies who is currently logged on to the Network Management Ports
Usage: who
This command displays users currently logged in to the radio operating
system.
6.5 Disabling the Front Panel Alarm LED for
Unused E1 Option Ports
To disable the ALARM LED on the front panel for a particular E1 port,
use the commands found in Table 27 below according to the E1 port
number. When alarm events are pending, the alarm condition for the
unused E1 ports remains until a valid input signal (as defined by G.703)
is applied.
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You must log into the LEDR radio as a user with “Administrator” privileges to execute these commands. If you are using a terminal program
connected to the radio, send one command sequence at a time to the
radio with a 5 ms delay between each line.
Table 27. Commands to Disable E1 Port Alarms
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
Disable the LED for IO1
Disable the LED for IO2
Evmap led 74 none
Evmap led 87 none
Evmap led 75 none
Evmap led 88 none
Evmap led 76 none
Evmap led 89 none
Evmap led 77 none
Evmap led 90 none
Evmap led 78 none
Evmap led 91 none
Evmap led 79 none
Evmap led 92 none
Evmap led 80 none
Evmap led 93 none
Evmap led 81 none
Evmap led 94 none
Evmap led 82 none
Evmap led 95 none
Evmap led 83 none
Evmap led 96 none
Evmap led 84 none
Evmap led 97 none
Evmap led 85 none
Evmap led 98 none
Evmap led 86 none
Evmap led 99 none
Disable the LED for IO3
Disable the LED for IO4
Evmap led 100 none
Evmap led 113 none
Evmap led 101 none
Evmap led 114 none
Evmap led 102 none
Evmap led 115 none
Evmap led 103 none
Evmap led 116 none
Evmap led 104 none
Evmap led 117 none
Evmap led 105 none
Evmap led 118 none
Evmap led 106 none
Evmap led 119 none
Evmap led 107 none
Evmap led 120 none
Evmap led 108 none
Evmap led 121 none
Evmap led 109 none
Evmap led 122 none
Evmap led 110 none
Evmap led 123 none
Evmap led 111 none
Evmap led 124 none
Evmap led 112 none
Evmap led 125 none
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To restore the factory default settings to all of the E1 ports, issue the
commands shown in Table 28.
Table 28. Restore Factory Defaults to Alarm Ports
Evmap led 74 ioalarm
Evmap led 100 ioalarm
Evmap led 75 ioalarm
Evmap led 101 ioalarm
Evmap led 76 ioalarm
Evmap led 102 ioalarm
Evmap led 77 ioalarm
Evmap led 103 ioalarm
Evmap led 78 ioalarm
Evmap led 104 ioalarm
Evmap led 79 ioalarm
Evmap led 105 ioalarm
Evmap led 80 ioalarm
Evmap led 106 ioalarm
Evmap led 81 ioalarm
Evmap led 107 ioalarm
Evmap led 82 ioalarm
Evmap led 108 ioalarm
Evmap led 83 ioalarm
Evmap led 109 ioalarm
Evmap led 84 ioalarm
Evmap led 110 ioalarm
Evmap led 85 ioalarm
Evmap led 111 ioalarm
Evmap led 86 ioalarm
Evmap led 112 ioalarm
Evmap led 87 ioalarm
Evmap led 113 ioalarm
Evmap led 88 ioalarm
Evmap led 114 ioalarm
Evmap led 89 ioalarm
Evmap led 115 ioalarm
Evmap led 90 ioalarm
Evmap led 116 ioalarm
Evmap led 91 ioalarm
Evmap led 117 ioalarm
Evmap led 92 ioalarm
Evmap led 118 ioalarm
Evmap led 93 ioalarm
Evmap led 119 ioalarm
Evmap led 94 ioalarm
Evmap led 120 ioalarm
Evmap led 95 ioalarm
Evmap led 121 ioalarm
Evmap led 96 ioalarm
Evmap led 122 ioalarm
Evmap led 97 ioalarm
Evmap led 123 ioalarm
Evmap led 98 ioalarm
Evmap led 124 ioalarm
Evmap led 99 ioalarm
Evmap led 125 ioalarm
7.0 STANDARDIZING RADIO
CONFIGURATIONS
7.1 Introduction
Setting up and configuring a network of point-to-point systems can be a
frustrating task. To make the task easier and more predictable, the
parameters of one LEDR radio can be used as a template for other radios
in your system. You need only address the parameters that are site or
unit-specific, such as an IP addresses.
The config command allows the user to upload/download the radio’s
configuration data from/to a PC. There are two classifications of configuration data—radio-specific data and standard data.
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Radio-Specific data is:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Frequencies
Target Power
Thresholds
Calibration Data
IP Address
IP Routing Table
Network Settings
Standard radio data are the configuration parameters that are common in
all LEDR radios.
Both types of data can be uploaded and downloaded between the radio
and a PC. It is up to the user to decide whether to download both types
or just the standard (core) data. Once the data is on a PC, the file can be
edited off-line, for example, the configuration data, if desired. The customized configuration file can then be downloaded to other LEDR
radios in your system from your PC.
7.2 Setup by TFTP
To use this function the user will need:
• A PC with a TFTP server running.
• The IP address of the PC running the TFTP server.
Finding IP Addresses
To determine the IP address of a Windows NT/2000/XP computer, select
Run from the Start menu, and enter cmd. At the cmd prompt, type ipconfig.
(For Windows 95/98 platforms, select Run from the Start menu and enter
winipcfg.) The IP address of the radio can be determined using the radio’s
ip command.
Downloading Procedure
To download the configuration data from the LEDR radio to a file
(filename.txt) on the user’s PC, enter the following command:
LEDR> config send [filename.txt] [1.2.3.4 ]
The file, filename.txt, will be written to in the default path set in the TFTP
server. The numeric string, “1.2.3.4”, is the IP address of the PC destined
to receive the file.
Uploading Procedure
To upload into a LEDR radio only the standard configuration data from
a file on the PC (filename.txt) to the radio enter the following command:
LEDR> config get [filename.txt] [1.2.3.4 ]
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To download both the standard and radio-specific configuration data
from a file on the PC (filename.txt) to the radio enter the following command:
LEDR> config getall [filename.txt] [1.2.3.4 ]
Ideally, the process of updating a system would go like this:
1. Upload the current configuration data from each radio to a specific
file on your PC.
At radio 1 CONSOLE Port enter: config send radio_1.txt 1.2.3.4
At radio 2 CONSOLE Port enter: config send radio_2.txt 1.2.3.4 (etc.)
2. Upgrade the software on each radio.
3. Boot from the new software.
4. Download the saved configuration data from Step 1 back into each
radio using the getall subcommand so that you will get both the standard and radio-specific parameters.
At radio 1 CONSOLE Port enter: config getall radio_1.txt 1.2.3.4
At radio 2 CONSOLE Port enter: config getall radio_2.txt 1.2.3.4 (etc.)
7.3 Setup Through the DB-9 CONSOLE Port
You have the option of sending the configuration data to the CONSOLE
Port instead of sending it to a file on a PC. Then the terminal program
can be set to log the data as it is created by the radio. The advantage of
this option is that you do not need to use the TFTP server, routing, etc.
on the PC.
During the upload, the LEDR software will prompt you to begin/end
recording at the terminal program. You will also be prompted on how to
end a download.
When the config get downloading option is chosen (standard data only),
the software will filter out all the radio-specific parameters as they come
through.
To upload the data to the CONSOLE Port:
LEDR> config send console
To download only the standard data via the CONSOLE Port:
LEDR> config get console
To download standard and radio-specific data: LEDR> config getall console
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8.0 UPGRADING LEDR FIRMWARE
8.1 Introduction
The LEDR radio’s firmware can be upgraded with new software
releases that may be issued from time-to-time by Microwave Data Systems. To support firmware upgrades while the radio is in use, the LEDR
radio contains two complete copies of its firmware. Once the inactive
version is replaced, the radio can be rebooted using the code in the new
firmware. However, if an error occurs during the download, the radio
can easily recover because it always has a complete copy of firmware
available.
NOTE: Any time new firmware is loaded into a radio, it must be power
cycled. Merely rebooting a radio will not guarantee proper
operation with the new firmware.
Firmware reprogramming can be done using one of three methods:
1. Locally through the front panel CONSOLE Port
2. Locally using TFTP and Telnet through the ETHERNET Port
3. Remotely over a network connection using TFTP and Telnet to the
ETHERNET Port
The procedures that follow use one or both of two utilities found in
MDS’ LEDR Utilities package. These utilities will facilitate local and
remote transferring of firmware files to and from the LEDR radio. These
applications are available from Microwave Data Systems on floppy disk
(P/N 03-3631A01) or on the FTP section of the MDS Internet site at
www.microwavedata.com.
The following sections will explain how to program new firmware into
the radio using each of the three connection options. They assume the
LEDR Utilities are installed on each computer system named in the procedure.
NOTE: The ETHERNET, SERVICE CHANNEL and CONSOLE Ports
share a common data channel when loading firmware
over-the-air. Transferring the radio firmware image file (≈ 1
MB), may take up to 30 minutes if there is other activity on any
of the other ports.
Regardless of your connection to the LEDR radio, loading
data/firmware into the radio’s SRAM is much slower than
loading software onto a PC hard drive or RAM.
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8.2 OPTION 1: Uploading Firmware via the
CONSOLE Port
This method of upgrading the firmware is well suited to field service
personnel that carry a laptop PC to field installation. Any computer running the Windows operating system is suitable. Figure 17 shows the
basic arrangement.
Invisible place holder
WINDOWS PC
FLASH
UTILITY
LEDR RADIO UNIT
9-PIN SERIAL CABLE
COM1, 2, ETC.
(DTE)
CONSOLE PORT
(DCE)
INITIATE UPLOAD
FROM HERE
Figure 17. Direct connection through the LEDR CONSOLE Port
Setup
using a 9-pin
Connect a PC to the radio’s front panel CONSOLE Port
RS-232 cable. (See Figure 33 on Page 127 for cable wiring details.) The
CONSOLE Port supports RS-232 at 9600 bps to 115200 bps.
Download Procedure
1. Start the MDS MDS Flash Utility application.
2. From the View>Options menu, select the appropriate COM Port and
baud rate. Ensure that autobaud is enabled (Look in the lower
right-hand corner of the Flash Utility window).
3. From the View menu, select console. This will bring up a NMS window to the LEDR radio. At the LEDR> prompt, enter a login name
and password and then close the session.
4. Using the File|Open dialog, select the directory where the new firmware is located. In the file window, highlight the correct (.mpk) file
and then press the green start arrow.
Verification and Reboot
1. To verify the correct operation of the new firmware, open the NMS
again by pressing Alt + L. Enter boot to determine which image is
currently active. This command will respond as follows:
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boot: Image 1 is Active
or, boot: Image 2 is Active
2. The new firmware is downloaded into the inactive image. Therefore,
if the radio responded Image 1 is Active, enter “image verify” command, iverify 2, otherwise, enter iverify 1. The radio will respond indicating whether or not the image has been verified as being a valid
file, it will not determine if the contents are complementary to the
other firmware image. If the image does not verify, try downloading
the firmware again into the radio.
NOTE: The following paragraph describes rebooting the radio. This
action will disrupt the communications link.
3. Once the image has been verified, the radio must be rebooted using
the new firmware. This is done by entering the command boot 1 or
boot 2, where the 1 or 2 corresponds with the image number used
with the iverify command above.
4. Once the radio has rebooted and Flash Utility screen displays the
LEDR> prompt, the firmware can be downloaded or copied into the
other image. Often, copying the firmware from one image to the
other can be faster than performing a second download. To copy the
firmware over to the other image, simply enter icopy. The radio will
prompt you for confirmation (y/n) and then begin copying.
8.3 OPTION 2: Uploading Firmware Locally by
Telnet via Ethernet
This method can be used in the field or in a workshop by using a Windows computer equipped with an Ethernet interface. Figure 17 shows
the basic arrangement.
NOTE: You must know the IP address of the LEDR Radio and the PC
that you are going to connect together. (Both units must have
the same Subnet, Netmask and Gateway addresses, or at least
have routes to one another.) This is essential for a direct
Ethernet connection.
To find the IP address of your Windows computer, refer to
Finding IP Addresses on Page 91. The IP address of the radio
can be determined using the radio’s ip command.
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Invisible place holder
LOCAL WINDOWS PC
W/FIRMWARE FILES
TFTP
SERVER
& TELNET
ETHERNET
PORT
BLE
CROSS-OVER CA
ETHERNET
PORT
IP ADDRESS: 192.168.X.B
INITIATE UPLOAD
FROM HERE
LEDR> REPROGRAM NETWORK FILENAME.MPK 192.168.X.B
(CHECK STATUS: LEDR> REPROGRAM STATUS)
LEDR RADIO UNIT
IP ADDRESS: 192.168.X.W
Figure 18. Direct connection through the LEDR ETHERNET Port
Setup
1. Connect the PC’s Ethernet interface to the radio’s ETHERNET Port
using a Category 5 Ethernet cross-over cable.
2. Copy the file LEDR firmware image file (ledr.mpk) into a known
directory on your PC. For example, c:\windows\LEDR\Firmware V2.5\.
This directory path will be used later by the TFTP server.
Download Procedure
1. Launch the MDS TFTP Server on a PC connected to the LEDR
radio’s ETHERNET Port through a cross-connect cable.
2. Point the TFTP server to the directory from which you desire to
upload the new firmware. In the SNMP TFTP server, you should
execute the set root command and point to the known directory
where ledr.mpk has been copied.
3. Launch your Telnet application and login to the radio which you
desire to load (reprogram) the firmware image file.
4. Determine the active (firmware) image from which you are currently
executing by typing boot. The new firmware will downloaded into
the inactive image.
5. Execute the command reprogram network ledr.mpk [IP address]. In the
command, in place of [IP address], you should actually type the IP
address of the TFTP server. For example, reprogram network ledr.mpk
192.168.1.2
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6. If desired, the status of the transfer during reprogramming may be
displayed by typing reprogram status.
7. The TFTP Server and radio will notify you when the programming
is complete.
Verification and Reboot
1. To verify the integrity of the new firmware enter boot to determine
which image is currently active. This command will respond as
follows:
boot: Image 1 is Active or, boot: Image 2 is Active
If the radio responded to the boot command with Image 1 is Active,
enter the “image verify” command, iverify 2, otherwise, enter
iverify 1. The radio will respond indicating whether or not the image
has been verified as being a valid file, it will not determine if the
contents are complementary to the other firmware image. If the
image does not verify, try downloading the firmware again into the
radio.
NOTE: The following paragraph describes rebooting the radio. This
action will disrupt the communications link.
2. Once the image has been verified, the radio must be rebooted using
the new firmware. This is done by entering the command boot 1 or
boot 2, where the 1 or 2 corresponds with the image number used
with the iverify command above.
3. Once the radio has rebooted and Flash Utility screen displays the
LEDR> prompt, the firmware can be downloaded or copied into the
other image. Often, copying the firmware from one image to the
other can be faster than performing a second download. To copy the
firmware over to the other image, simply enter icopy. The radio will
prompt you for confirmation (y/n) and then begin copying.
8.4 OPTION 3: Uploading Firmware from a Remote
Server via Ethernet
Setup
Connect the LEDR radio’s ETHERNET connector to network which has
a PC connected with the desired LEDR firmware on its hard drive. The
“network” can be a local area network, a wide-area network or any IP
network that can connect the two units.
The computer hosting the firmware image, must be running a TFTP
server software. If not, install, launch and configure the MDS TFTP
Server software found on the LEDR Utilities disk. The setup configuration is shown in Figure 19.
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Invisible place holder
REMOTE PC
W/FIRMWARE FILES
HUB/LAN/WAN/MAN
TCP/IP
TFTP
SERVER
ETHERNET
PORT
ETHERNET
PORT
IP ADDRESS: 192.168.X.B
LOCAL WINDOWS PC
TERM
PROG.
CONSOLE PORT
(DCE)
9-PIN SERIAL
CABLE
LEDR RADIO UNIT
IP ADDRESS: 192.168.X.W
COM1, 2, ETC.
(DTE)
INITIATE UPLOAD
FROM HERE
LEDR> REPROGRAM NETWORK FILENAME.MPK 192.168.X.B
(CHECK STATUS: LEDR> REPROGRAM STATUS)
Figure 19. Uploading firmware from a remote server via Ethernet
Download Procedure
1. Start a terminal program, such as HyperTerminal, on the local PC.
2. Log into the LEDR radio using the login command.
3. Use the ip command to ensure that the radio has a valid IP address.
4. Use the ping command from the local PC to ensure that the PC and
the radio have valid routes to pass information between them.
5. At the radio’s LEDR> prompt, start the download by entering reprogram network [filename] [source PC’s IP Address]. The download can be
monitored from the radio by entering reprogram status. When the
download is complete the radio will sound two short beeps and the
response from reprogram status will indicate that the download has
finished.
SNMP Option
98
The TFTP download process can also be initiated using an SNMP manager. The Firmware|FwProgTable object provides a means for specifying
the TFTP server IP address and the filename for the firmware.
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Verification and Reboot
When the download is complete, verify the firmware image and reboot
the radio as described under Verification and Reboot in Paragraph See
“Verification and Reboot” on Page 94 for the procedure.
9.0 USING ORDERWIRE
9.1 Introduction
A handset may be plugged into the front panel of the LEDR radio to
allow voice communications between radio sites (see Figure 20). This
can be especially useful during setup and maintenance activities. All
radios on the network can hear what is said by any individual speaking
into a handset. No other radio may transmit on the orderwire until the
current speaker is finished. Depending on the number of hops, the link
data rates, and Interleave setting, there may be a noticeable latency from
one end of the network to the other.
The front panel alert function (See “Unit ID” on Page 34) and alert command (Page 51) can be used to signal all units in the network or a specific radio.
Normal payload data is not affected by Orderwire use. The Orderwire
uses voice-compression technology that introduces a slight, but noticeable, delay in Orderwire audio.
The orderwire will not interrupt the normal data flow through the LEDR
data communication channel, however, it will reduce the throughput
efficiency of any data communications on the Service Channel during
periods of voice transmission.
A handset kit is available from MDS (P/N 02-1207A01), which provides basic communication services but does not contain a built-in
DTMF (tone) keypad. (The Orderwire supports the transmission of
DTMF-type signaling by detecting tones at the source, and regenerating
them at the receiving end, however, there are no DTMF supported radio
functions in the LEDR radios.)
9.2 Setup
Program the vox and volume setting for each radio. The volume setting is
user preference. The vox setting requires some forethought. The higher
the vox setting, the louder the user must speak to get the voice decoder
to recognize the speech. This will, however, prevent noise from entering
the “line.” A low vox level will recognize speech better but may transmit
more noise with the speech. The user should experiment with the vox
setting to determine the best level for the speaker and the noise environment.
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9.3 Operation
1. Plug the handset into the front panel jack labeled
. (Figure 32
on Page 127 provides pinout details for this connector.)
2. Press
or
at the menu’s top level until Orderwire appears on
to move to the lower levels of the menu.
the LCD display. Press
ENTER
3. To call a specific radio station, enter the Unit ID number for the station to be called. (At this point, an alert signal (“ring”) will be sent
to earpiece of the handset connected to the “called” station.
4. Simply speak into the handset to initiate transmission. The transmitter will be dekeyed when you stop speaking. The VOX level must be
properly set for this function to work. (See “vox” on Page 88.)
5. Alternatively, a DTMF-style handset can be used to “dial” the
required radio station.
6. Remember, regardless of the number of users, only one may speak
at a time.
NOTE: The LEDR radio has a built-in DTMF decoder in the orderwire
circuitry. If a standard DTMF telephone test set is plugged into
the orderwire, the user can dial in the three digit unit address
on the handset to “ring” the earpiece of the handset of the associated LEDR unit.The LEDR chassis will not provide power to
ring a standard bell or electronic ringer.
Invisible place holder
Figure 20. Orderwire Connection with MDS 12-1307A03 Handset
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9.4 Related NMS Commands
The orderwire can be configured by the NMS commands or through the
front panel. The earpiece volume is more easily set by the front panel
controls as the level is dependent on personal preference.
vox –
Voice level (relative) at which speech will be detected by the software (See “vox” on Page 88)
volume
– Sets/displays the handset volume (See “volume” on Page 88)
– Sends an orderwire alert to a specific radio or to all the radios on
the network (See “alert” on Page 51)
alert
10.0 USING THE SERVICE CHANNEL
10.1 Concept
The Service Channel sends and receives ASCII-based information at
9600 bps in a half-duplex broadcast mode throughout the network. This
means that any data coming through the Service Channel Port of a radio
will be broadcast to the Service Channel of each radio in the network.
There can be only one radio transmitting Service Channel data over the
network at a time and the data will always be sent to every radio on the
network. No other radio will be allowed to transmit until the current
sender is finished.
If a radio does receive data in the Service Channel Port while another
radio is the active-sender, the data coming in the port will be queued and
sent when the active sender is finished. Depending on the number of
hops, link data rate, and Interleave setting, there may be a noticeable
latency from one end of the network to the other.
10.2 Setup
The user can configure all the Service Channel parameters for a specific
radio. The port may be enabled or disabled. In the disabled state (svch
port off), any data that comes in the Service Channel port will be discarded and any Service Channel data that comes into the radio from
another radio in the network will be passed along to the rest of the network but not sent out the Service Channel Port. When the Service
Channel Port (svch port on) is enabled, it will behave based on the other
settings.
The most important setting is the echo parameter. Echo is used with a
terminal emulator on a PC and the program does not display on the
screen character keyed in by the user.
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When you set up a system, you must be careful to avoid an infinite loop.
If echo is enabled, then every character that enters the Service Channel
port will be echoed back out the port. When echo is disabled then data
that comes in the Service Channel port is not sent back out the port.
Trouble may arise if the device that is connected to the Service Channel
also echoes the data it sends. In that case, the device will send characters
into the Service Channel Port, the radio will echo the characters back to
the device, the device will consider the echoed data to be input which it
will in turn echo back to the radio, etcetera, until an overflow condition
occurs.
You must also set the communication parameters (baud rate, stop bits,
char length, and parity) via the svch subcommands so that the settings
match those at the device connected to the Service Channel Port.
Lastly, the user can re-initialize the Service Channel port via the svch
reset command. This may be helpful in the case where an infinite loop
overflow condition has locked the port.
10.3 Usage
The Service Channel supports ASCII data transfer over the network in
broadcast fashion. As a result, devices connected to the Service Channel
Ports of different radios will appear to have a transparent half-duplex
connection between them.
10.4 NMS Commands
This command is used to set/display Service Channel parameters.
Usage: svch [subcommand] []
Subcommands:
baud
char
echo
off
off
on
parity
reset
stop
on—Enable
the Service Channel
off—Disable the Service Channel
reset—Re-initialize the Service Channel
echo—on/off
baud—300, 600, 1200, 2400, 4800 and 9600
char— 5, 6, 7, 8 (ASCII character length in bits)
parity—none, even, odd
stop—1, 2 (Stop bits)
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11.0 PROTECTED CONFIGURATION
11.1 Introduction
The LEDR radio can be supplied in a protected (also called redundant
or “1+1”) configuration (Figure 21). The protected version is designed
to perform automatic switchover to a second radio in the event of a
failure in the primary unit.
Protected operation is important for many mission-critical or revenue
producing links. By configuring two identical LEDR radios in parallel
and including a third switch box containing the RF switching circuits
and the customer interfaces, it is possible to protect against failure in any
of the LEDR radio sub-systems. Failures can be either malfunction or
external environmental effects, such as multipath fading or nearby lightning strikes.
A Protected station consists of two standard LEDR Series radios and a
Protected Switch Chassis (Figure 21). Ordinarily, the three chassis are
mounted together in a “stacked” arrangement, one above the other, with
one rack unit of space in between.
The top unit is referred to as the system’s “Unit A”, and the lower one
as “Unit B”. Each unit is considered to be the “sibling” of the other. The
sibling of Unit A is Unit B, and the sibling of Unit B is Unit A. This distinction is used in the rdnt command found on Page 74 under the subheading “Read & Write Commands.”
Invisible place holder
Figure 21. Protected Switch Chassis (PSC)
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LEDR Series I/O Guide
103
The front panel of the Protected Switch Chassis (PSC) has only two
LEDs and an RJ-11 jack for an orderwire handset. The LEDs indicate
by light and an arrow outline which LEDR chassis is active. It is
assumed the two LEDR chassis will be mounted above and below the
PSC with Unit A on top and Unit B on the bottom.
11.2 Protected Operation
During normal operation, one radio path is selected and the RF and
interface switches are set to service that path. (The illuminated POWER
LED indicator on the front panel of the Protected Switch Chassis (PSC)
points to the currently active unit.) A switch in the transmitter circuitry
allows one transmitter to be connected to the common ANTENNA port on
the Protected Switch Chassis. On the receive path, a splitter in the Protected Switch Chassis allows both radio receivers to receive the
incoming RF signal for processing.
The Protected Switch Chassis is a gateway for data coming and going
between each of the LEDR radio units and the common data circuits
connected to the PSC. The PSC monitors various RF and data signal
paths for predefined fault-determining parameters. If signal conditions
are not normal, the PSC’s microprocessor controller will issue an alarm
and move the standby LEDR radio to the active mode.
Fault-determining parameters can be programmed from the Network
Management System (NMS) software. Examples of these parameters
are:
•
•
•
•
•
Low RF output power
High transmitter temperature
Synthesizer out-of-lock
Problem with the option board or framers
CPU failure wherein the CPU watchdog causes a reset
Transmitter Failure
Any failure on the “active” transmitter path will create a fault condition
which will place the currently active transmitter on standby and switch
the “standby” transmitter to “active.” The newly active transmit path
will remain in use until a manual changeover returns the configuration
to the original transmitter path. This allows the link to remain fully operational until the user has replaced the faulty transmitter circuitry.
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Receiver Failure
Both receivers are fed via an RF splitter from the antenna port. Each RF
path is buffered and monitored for receive signal integrity for uncorrectable bit-errors. If the “active” receive circuitry fails, uncorrectable
bit-errors will be detected. The modem receive switch will first determine that the “standby” receive path is operational (no uncorrectable bit
errors) and will switch accordingly.
11.3 Configuration Options—Warm or Hot Standby
The protected LEDR radio may be configured for either warm or hot
standby operation. In warm standby, the standby transmitter is powered
down. This offers the advantages of significantly reduced power consumption, since only one transmitter path is powered. However, upon
transmitter failure, the switchover takes longer due to the transmitter
having to be powered up.
In a hot standby link, the standby transmitter is powered up at all times
and transmits into a dummy load. Switchover to active status is less than
50 milliseconds. The hot standby mode offers the advantages of faster
switchover time and increased overall system availability, but results in
higher power consumption for the station.
11.4 PSC Rear Panel Connectors
The following are descriptions of the rear panel connections of the Protected Switch Chassis. The PSC’s rear chassis is shown in Figure 22.
Figure 21 presents an inter-unit cabling diagram for protected configurations.
530 (A&B)
RF CONNECTORS
Antenna
TxA
RxA
RX
TX
External
RxB
TxB
Protected (A+B)
PROTECTED DATA
4 E1 3
Ethernet
E1/T1 DATA
ETHERNET
530 (A&B)
EIA-530-A
Service Channel
EIA-530-A
SERVICE
CHANNEL
Figure 22. Protected Switch Chassis—Rear Panel
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LEDR Series I/O Guide
105
RxA
The RXA (Receive—Radio A) connector is a N-type coaxial connector.
It connects to the RX port on the rear panel of Radio A via a short coaxial
cable.
RxB
Same as RXA, but for Radio B.
Antenna
The ANTENNA connector is a N-type coaxial connector. It serves as the
connection point for the station antenna.
TxA
The TXA (transmit, radio A) connector is a N-type coaxial connector. It
connects to the TX port on the rear panel of Radio A via a short coaxial
cable.
TxB
Same as TXA, but for Radio B.
Protected (Data)
This pair of connectors accepts data signals from each of the LEDR
radios. The top connector is for Radio A, and the bottom connector is for
Radio B. For pinout information, please consult the factory. Replacement cables are available from MDS (P/N 03-3837A02).
E1
This is a block of four RJ-45 modular connectors for connection to a
multiplexer or other customer-supplied E1 equipment. For detailed pin
information, Figure 34 on Page 128.
These connectors are not operational on “S” Series (Subrate) radios.
Ethernet
The ETHERNET connector provides access to the embedded SNMP
agent and other elements of the TCP/IP network management system.
The connector is a standard 10 Base-T connection with an RJ-45 modular connector. For detailed pin information, see Figure 34 on Page 128.
530 (A&B)
This pair of DB-25 connectors accepts EIA-530 data signals from each
of the LEDR radios. The top connector is for Radio A, and the bottom
connector is for Radio B. For pinout information, see Figure 36 on
Page 128.
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EIA-530-A
This DB-25 connector provides a connection point for customer-supplied EIA-530 data equipment. Note: This port is not operational in fullrate models.
Service Channel
In a protected configuration, this DB-9 connector becomes the Service
Channel connection for both LEDR radios. (In the protected radio configuration, the Service Channel connectors on the radios are non-functional.) For detailed pin information, see “Service Channel—Rear
Panel” on Page 129.
11.5 Inter-Unit Cabling for Protected Stations
The required cabling between the two radios and the Protected Switch
Chassis is dependent on the data interface, unit type (subrate versus
full-rate), and transmit and receive antenna configuration.
The cabling for a pair of standard radios with internal duplexers is
shown in Figure 23.
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LEDR Series I/O Guide
107
DO NOT USE IN
PROTECTED CONFIG.
RADIO A
G.703/Expansion Data
RX
Ethernet
NMS
EIA-530-A
Service
Channel
Alarm I/O
DC Power Input
TX
External
Data Interface
CABLE 2A
P/N 03-3828A01
(SUBRATE MODELS)
COAXIAL CABLES (4)
P/N 19-1323A03
CABLE 1A
P/N 03-3837A02
PROTECTED
SWITCH CHASSIS
TO
STATION
ANTENNA
Antenna
TxA
RxA
RX
TX
External
RxB
TxB
4 E1 3
Protected (A+B)
CABLE 1B
P/N 03-3837A02
Ethernet
EIA-530-A
530 (A&B)
TO ETHERNET HUB
TO
MUX OR OTHER
E1 EQUIPMENT
Service Channel
SERVICE
CHANNEL
(For both radios)
TO EIA-530
DATA EQUIPMENT
(SUBRATE MODELS)
CABLE 2B
P/N 03-3828A01
(SUBRATE MODELS)
RADIO B
G.703/Expansion Data
RX
Ethernet
NMS
EIA-530-A
Service
Channel
Alarm I/O
DC Power Input
TX
External
Data Interface
DO NOT USE IN
PROTECTED CONFIG.
Figure 23. Inter-unit Cabling—Protected Version
with Internal Duplexers
11.6 Configuration Commands for a Protected
System
NOTE: In a protected link configuration, ensure that the E1/T1 interface settings are identical for both radios at a each end of the
link.
Once the inter-chassis cabling is in place and the units are powered up,
several parameters are required to place the LEDR radio into proper
operation as a member of a protected system.
The tasks involved are reviewing and setting up of the following parameters:
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•
Radio Operation
• General
• Redundant Specific
•
Data Interface
• Subrate—Fractional-T1
• Fullrate—E1/T1
Redundant Specific Parameters
There are several parameters that must be set to enable proper operation
of a protected station. These are all covered under the rdnt command
found on Page 74.
Sample Redundant Configuration Session
The following is a example of a session used to configure a LEDR radio
to serve in a protected system. This sequence will need to be repeated
for each radio in the protected pair.
1. Configure the protected mode to hot-standby:
LEDR> rdnt mode 1
rdnt {mode}: 1+1 Hot Standby
LEDR>
2. Configure the IP address of each radio:
LEDR> ip address 192.168.1.1
ip {netmask}: (255.255.0.0)
ip {gateway}: (0.0.0.0)
ip {port}: (ETH)
ip {address}: 192.168.1.1
ip {netmask}: 255.255.0.0
ip {gateway}: 0.0.0.0
ip {port}: ETH
ip: A reboot is strongly recommended. Do you wish to reboot? (y/n) >y
LEDR>
3. Configure the sibling IP address of each radio:
LEDR> rdnt ip 192.168.1.2
redundant {ip}: 192.168.1.2
LEDR>
4. Configure the hitless switching. (Note that the default is on.):
LEDR> rdnt hitless on
rdnt {hitless}: on
LEDR>
5. Configure the temperature (°C) threshold:
LEDR> rdnt temp 100
rdnt {temp}: 100
LEDR>
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109
Transmit Clock Selection (Subrate Models Only)
The transmit clock selection must be addressed for every radio in a subrate radio system installation. The single most important consideration
is that there be only one master clock in a subrate radio network. The
master clock can originate from the radio or from the Customer Premises Equipment (CPE).
The radio is capable of several different clocking modes. Refer to
Figure 24 on Page 110 for typical system clocking methods.
Refer to the Clock Mode screen description on Page 35 for setting the
radio transmit clocking from the front panel. Refer to the clkmode
description on Page 57 for setting the radio transmit clocking mode from
the CONSOLE Port.
NOTE: When customer premises equipment (CPE) is operated in
looped clock mode, it is recommended that the radio not be set
to line clock mode. To do so may cause the transmitting
radio’s PLL to be pulled out-of-lock, especially when operating at 4E1 data rates.
Invisible place holder
SITE A
Scenario 1:
LEDR Radio Clock
Source: Ext. TX
Scenario 2:
LEDR Radio Clock
Source: Internal
CPE
Scenario 1:
Network or
Internal Clock
Scenario 2:
External Mode
SITE B
REPEATER SITE
LEDR Radio
Clock Source: Ext. TX
REPEATER NULL-MODEM
DATA INTERCONNECT CABLE
ETHERNET CROSS-CABLE
LEDR Radio
Clock Source: Looped
LEDR Radio Clock
Source: Ext. TX
SITE C
CPE
External Mode
Figure 24. Typical Repeater Clocking Arrangement
(no multiplexer at repeater site)
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12.0 SPACE DIVERSITY OPERATION
12.1 Introduction
Space diversity operation is an effective mechanism of increasing a
radio link’s resilience to transmission impairments such as multipath
fading or frequency selective fading. In difficult transmission environments such as over highly reflective and moving water paths, or in arid
environments where atmospheric ducting occurs, space diversity is the
most effective way of maintaining a continuous radio link.
In a space diversity link, two radio receivers are operated in parallel,
from two separate antennas mounted several wavelengths apart vertically on the antenna tower. The separation of antennas is such that when
one antenna experiences fading due to multi-path interference, the other
antenna, being several wavelengths away, is not likely to experience the
same fade. Thus, one receive path may experience uncorrectable errors,
while the other path will be error free. Similar to the protected operation,
the receive modem switch will determine which buffered data path is
operating with the highest integrity, and select that path without
inducing any additional bit errors into the link.
Space diversity is especially effective in changeable multi-path environments such as over tidal water paths. Since water is highly reflective,
there will be continual “constructive” and “destructive” interference at
each single antenna over the course of the day as the water rises and falls
and the reflected water path interferes with the line-of-sight path. By
correct vertical positioning of the antennas, these effects can be negated,
allowing one antenna to see a good signal while the other is experiencing fading, and the modem switching accordingly to allow the link
to operate error- free.
The space diversity LEDR radio is available only in a hot standby configuration.
12.2 User Interface & Control
Protected operation is configured using the Redundant screen (Page 41)
on either radio front panel, or with the rdnt command from a NMS terminal (see Page 74).
12.3 Transmit Clock Selection
There is no difference between a space diversity system and redundant
radio arrangements with respect to transmit clock selection. Fullrate
radios require no user intervention for clocking. Users of subrate systems should set the radio clocks as described for subrate systems. See
“Transmit Clock Selection” on Page 111 for further information.
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111
12.4 Inter-Unit Cabling for Space Diversity Stations
The RF cabling for space diversity stations depends on the location of
the duplexers. The block diagram in Figure 25 shows the RF connections in a typical system with two external duplexers.
LEDR
UNIT A
RX
RX
TX
TX
TX
TX
RX
RX
DUPLEXER
ANT
SWITCH
LEDR
UNIT B
DUPLEXER
ANT
Figure 25. Block Diagram of a Space Diversity Station
with External Duplexers
The inter-unit cabling for a space diversity system with external
duplexers is shown in Figure 26.
DO NOT USE IN
PROTECTED CONFIG.
RADIO A
G.703/Expansion Data
RX
Ethernet
NMS
EIA-530-A
Service
Channel
Alarm I/O
DC Power Input
TX
External
Data Interface
CABLE 2A
P/N 03-3828A01
(SUBRATE MODELS)
COAXIAL CABLES (3)
P/N 19-1323A03
TO EXTERNAL
DUPLEXER—RX PORT
TX PORT
PROTECTED
SWITCH CHASSIS
Antenna
CABLE 1A
P/N 03-3837A02
TxA
RxA
RX
TX
External
RxB
TxB
4 E1 3
Protected (A+B)
Ethernet
EIA-530-A
530 (A&B)
TO ETHERNET HUB
TO
MUX OR OTHER
E1 EQUIPMENT
TO EXTERNAL DUPLEXER
RX PORT
CABLE 1B
P/N 03-3837A02
Service Channel
SERVICE
CHANNEL
(For both radios)
TO EIA-530
DATA EQUIPMENT
(SUBRATE MODELS)
CABLE 2B
P/N 03-3828A01
(SUBRATE MODELS)
RADIO B
G.703/Expansion Data
RX
Ethernet
NMS
EIA-530-A
Service
Channel
Alarm I/O
DC Power Input
TX
External
Data Interface
DO NOT USE IN
PROTECTED CONFIG.
Figure 26. Inter-unit Cabling—Space Diversity
with External Duplexers
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The inter-unit cabling for a space diversity system with internal
duplexers is shown in Figure 27.
DO NOT USE IN
PROTECTED CONFIG.
RADIO A
G.703/Expansion Data
RX
Ethernet
NMS
EIA-530-A
Service
Channel
Alarm I/O
DC Power Input
TX
External
Data Interface
CABLE 2A
P/N 03-3828A01
(SUBRATE MODELS)
COAXIAL CABLES (4)
P/N 19-1323A03
TO TX/RX ANTENNA
SYSTEM
PROTECTED
SWITCH CHASSIS
TO RX ANTENNA
SYSTEM
Antenna
CABLE 1A
P/N 03-3837A02
TxA
RxA
RX
TX
External
RxB
TxB
4 E1 3
Protected (A+B)
TO ANTENNA
CABLE 1B
P/N 03-3837A02
Ethernet
EIA-530-A
530 (A&B)
TO ETHERNET HUB
TO
MUX OR OTHER
E1 EQUIPMENT
Service Channel
SERVICE
CHANNEL
(For both radios)
TO EIA-530
DATA EQUIPMENT
(SUBRATE MODELS)
CABLE 2B
P/N 03-3828A01
(SUBRATE MODELS)
RADIO B
G.703/Expansion Data
RX
Ethernet
NMS
EIA-530-A
Service
Channel
Alarm I/O
DC Power Input
TX
External
Data Interface
DO NOT USE IN
PROTECTED CONFIG.
Figure 27. Inter-unit Cabling—Space Diversity
with Internal Duplexers
13.0 SPARE PARTS, UNITS AND
ACCESSORIES
13.1 Spares
Spare assemblies and units used for repair of LEDR radios are listed in
Table 29. Field servicing, or replacement of PC boards and assemblies,
should only be performed by qualified service personnel.
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113
When ordering parts from the factory, always give the complete model
number of the radio as found on the serial number label on the chassis.
Contact information can be found on Page 138 of this guide.
Table 29. Field Replaceable Units for LEDR Radios
Item
Model
MDS Part Number
Transceiver’s SRAM Power
Back-up Battery
All Models
27-3109A01
Protected Switch Chassis
(Complete unit)
All Models
Consult factory
Duplexer, if equipped.
(Conventional and bandpass
types available)
All Models
Frequency dependent;
Consult factory.
FT1 Data Interface PCB
LEDR 700S
LEDR 900S
03-3846A01
E1/FE1 Data Interface PCB
LEDR 400F
LEDR 400S
LEDR 900F
LEDR 900S
LEDR 1400F
LEDR 1400S
03-3846A02
Subrate Data Interface PCB
LEDR PSC
03-2824A01
Fullrate Data Interface PCB
LEDR PSC
03-3539A01
13.2 Accessories
Table 29 lists LEDR accessories that may be ordered from the factory.
Refer to Page 138 for factory contact information.
Table 30. Accessory Items for LEDR Radios
Item
Description
MDS Part
Number
V.35 Interface Cable
6 ft. (1.8 m) cable adapter used to convert
subrate LEDR radio EIA-530 data
interface to V.35 male data interface.
03-2174A01
G.703 Balun
Miniature G.703 balun used to convert a
fullrate LEDR radio’s 120 Ω balanced
data interface to two 75 Ω BNC coaxial
data interfaces.
01-3494A01
One balun required per E1 port.
EIA-530 Null-MODEM
Crossover Cable
6 ft. (1.8 m) cable adapter to connect
subrate interfaces in a repeater
configuration.
97-2841L06
SNMPc™ Network
Management Manager
SNMP Management Software to access
the LEDR embedded SNMP agent,
allowing management of the LEDR radio
network and any interconnected SNMP
enabled peripherals.
03-3530A01
For Windows 95 O/S
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Table 30. Accessory Items for LEDR Radios (Continued)
Item
Description
MDS Part
Number
SNMPc™ Network
Management Manager
SNMP Management Software to access
the LEDR embedded SNMP agent,
allowing management of the LEDR radio
network and any interconnected SNMP
enabled peripherals.
03-3530A02
For Windows 98 or NT O/S.
Orderwire Handset
Voice handset and cord with RJ-11
modular plug.
12-1307A03
Orderwire Handset Kit
Voice handset with cord (RJ-11 modular
plug), hanger and mounting bracket.
02-1207A01
AC Power Adapter
External AC power supply provides 24
Vdc to LEDR radio.
03-3862A01
Input: 110 Vac to 240 Vac, 50 to 60 Hz
DC Power Plug
3-pin keyed connector with binding posts.
73-1194A22
14.0 FRACTIONAL-T1 INTERFACE
CARD 03-3846A01
FRACTIONAL-E1 INTERFACE
CARD 03-3846A02
14.1 Introduction
The Fractional-T1 (FT1) and Fractional-E1 (FE1) Interface cards are
optional assemblies which provide additional connectivity within a
LEDR network for all subrate (S) models. The installation of the
FT1/FE1 Interface card inside the radio allows the standard EIA-530
customer data interface to be bypassed and the radio data lines to be connected directly to a G.703 T1 or E1 interface.
With the optional FT1/FE1 Interface, users are able to place a LEDR
link from a network service access point to a remote site, where an
installation supports multiple communications devices. Direct interface
to customer equipment, such as channel banks, is possible without the
use of expensive protocol converters.
14.2 Fractional-T1/E1 Performance
The FT1 and FE1 Interface allows the LEDR radio to be connected
directly with a G.703 T1 or E1 interface. The line rate of the interface
operates at the T1 rate of 1.544 Mbps, or E1 rate of 2.048 Mbps. Twelve
user selectable DS0 timeslots are transmitted over the air in either case.
The FT1 interface is G.703 at 100 Ω line impedance. The FE1 interface
is G.703 at 120 Ω line impedance. Physical connection is via an RJ-45
jack on the rear panel.
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14.3 Configurable Parameters
The following performance specifications of the T1 fractional interface
are adjustable by the user. All of these parameters are manageable
locally, or over the air via SNMP network management. (Refer to the
SNMP Handbook, P/N 05-3532A01 for more information.)
Timeslots and Framing
Twelve DS0 timeslots are permitted. In FT1, the timeslot selection is
arbitrary. In FE1, timeslot 0 is always sent and the remaining timeslots
are arbitrary with the exception of timeslot 16. (Timeslot 16 must be sent
when any CAS frame structures are selected.) The selection of timeslots
can be different at each end of the link, provided their number is equal.
The timeslots may not be reordered.
Alarm signals RAI and AIS are generated as appropriate. The user may
optionally have these signals forwarded over the RF link.
The frame formats available for Fractional-T1 operation are as follows:
•
•
•
•
•
FT only
ESF without CRC checking and generation
SF (D4)
SF with JYEL indication
ESF with CRC checking and generation
The frame formats available for Fractional-E1 operation are as follows:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
FAS only
FAS with BSLIP
FAS with CRC
FAS with CRC and BSLIP
FAS and CAS
FAS with CAS and BSLIP
FAS with CAS and CRC
FAS with CAS
CRC and BSLIP.
The re-framing criteria may be adjusted to the following settings: 2 out
of 4 Fbit errors, 2 out of 5 Fbit errors, 2 out of 6 Fbit errors. For FE1, the
reframing criteria is selectable between consecutive FAS errors or CRC
errors.
Line Codes
The following standard T1 line codes are supported: B8ZS, AMI, and
per-channel B7ZS.
The following standard E1 line codes are supported: HDB3 and AMI.
116
LEDR Series I/O Guide
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
Diagnostics
The T1 line at each end of the link may be tested using a variety of bit
patterns. In normal operation, statistics are stored for any errors occurring at the line interface, such as framing errors, bipolar violations, and
CRC errors.
Data may be looped back at the local port, through the T1 option only,
and at the remote unit. Further, the unit will respond to in-band (SF) and
data link (ESF) loopback codes at the local port.
When in ESF framing mode, the option can automatically generate performance report messages.
The following alarms may be monitored & logged. They may also be
associated with a user-selectable indication (alarm contact or front panel
LED): Remote Loopback, Lost Frame, Lost Signal, Lost Analog Signal,
AIS, RAI (RYEL), MultiFrame RAI, Severely Errored Frame, Frame
Re-Align, MultiFrame AIS, Far End Block Error, Line Code Error, CRC
Errors and Frame Bit Error.
Clocking
The clock source is configurable for network, loopback, and internal
timing, with secondary selections available should the primary source
become faulty. Refer to the discussion of the clkmode command
(Page 55) for more information
14.4 Field Installation of the FT1 Interface Board
An “S” Series LEDR radio can be fitted with a Fractional-T1 (FT1) or
Fractional-E1 (FE1)Interface Board (Figure 28). The addition of an
FT1/FE1 board enables the radio to operate with a G.703 interface at
speeds up to 768 kbps.
To add the FT1/FE1 Interface Board to an existing LEDR radio transceiver, follow these steps:
1. Remove the top cover of the radio (4 Phillips screws).
2. Identify the installation area for the Interface Board (See Figure 29).
Remove the three Phillips screws on the main PC board which correspond to the mounting holes on the Interface Board.
3. Install the threaded standoff spacers (furnished with the option
board) onto the main PC board in the holes formerly occupied by the
screws. (Note: Washers must not be used between the standoff spacers and either of the PC boards.)
4. Locate connectors J912 and J913 (See Figure 29). These connectors
mate with the plugs on the bottom of the Interface board.
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
LEDR Series I/O Guide
117
5. Carefully set the optional board into place, making sure to align the
mounting holes with the threaded standoffs on the main PCB. (The
Interface Board’s rear panel connector should align with the rectangular cutout at the radio’s rear panel, and the rear edge of the option
board should be parallel to the main PC board.)
6. Look under the right edge of the Interface board to ensure that J912
is aligned with the mating connector on the option board. With the
board properly aligned, push down firmly in the area directly above
J913 and then over J912 at the edge. A distinct “locking” action will
be felt as the connectors engage.
7. Install the Phillips mounting screws with lockwashers on the top of
the FT1 board.
For protected versions only: Install the plastic clip, if supplied, at the
right rear corner of the Interface board. It slips over the edge of the
main PC board and the option board. Gently tighten the hex screw to
secure the clamp.)
CAUTION
POSSIBLE
EQUIPMENT
DAMAGE
The Interface board must be properly seated onto the LEDR radio’s
motherboard before powering up the radio chassis. Failure to properly
install the board could result in permanent damage to the motherboard
and the optional PCB.
8. Re-install the radio’s top cover. This completes the Interface Board
installation.
Invisible place holder
Mates with J913 on
Radio PC Board
User Interface
Ports
Mates with J912 on
Radio PC Board
Figure 28. FT1/FE1 Interface Board—Optional Assembly
(Part No. 03-3846Axx)
118
LEDR Series I/O Guide
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
Invisible place holder
REAR PANEL OF LEDR RADIO
PC Board Clamp
(Some Versions)
Installation Area
for Interface Board
J913
J912
Figure 29. View of Radio PC Board
Showing Installation Details for FT1/FE1 Interface Board
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
LEDR Series I/O Guide
119
15.0 INCREASE BANDWIDTH BY
CHANGING TRANSMITTER AND
RECEIVER FILTERS
15.1 Introduction
It is possible for qualified service personnel to upgrade LEDR Series
radios in the field to increase the radios RF bandwidth. Listed in Table
31 are five upgrade kits. Each kit consists of three RF filters; one is used
in the transmitter section and two are used in the receiver section. In
addition, there is a unique software key that will allow the data circuitry
to handle the higher data bandwidth. This key is based on the radio’s
serial number and can only be used with that radio.
Each kit consists of a set of 3 filters (transmitter 1; receiver 2), software
activation key and instructions for converting radio’s occupied bandwidth. The radio serial number must be provided to the factory for issue
of authorization key.
Table 31. Hardware Upgrade Kits for Increased RF Bandwidth
For Subrate Radios
For Fullrate Radio
25 kHz to 50 kHz
500 kHz to 1.0 MHz
25 kHz to 100 kHz
500 kHz to 2.0 MHz
25 kHz to 200 kHz
1.0 MHz to 2.0 MHz
50 kHz to 100 kHz
50 kHz to 200 kHz
100 kHz to 200 kHz
To realize the full benefit of the increased RF bandwidth, it may be necessary to upgrade the radio’s data interface. Table 1 on Page 1 provides
a simplified listing of radio bandwidth and compatible data interfaces.
15.2 Filter Removal and Replacement
These instructions describe the removal and replacement of filter modules inside a LEDR Transceiver, as well as the software commands necessary to authorize the new bandwidth.
CAUTION: This upgrade involves the removal of small, delicate parts.
It must be performed by experienced personnel only, using
proper tools and equipment to preserve the factory warranty.
Precautions must be taken to prevent damage to components
due to static discharge and other risks.
1. Remove the radio from service and disconnect all cabling from the
rear panel.
120
LEDR Series I/O Guide
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
2. Remove the top cover of the radio (four Phillips head screws).
3. Remove the Transmitter and Receiver section’s RF shields
(Figure 30). It will be necessary to unplug the ribbon cables that
cross over the shields—record their locations as you remove them.
4. Locate and remove Filter FL700 from the transmitter section. In its
place, install the replacement filter furnished with the upgrade kit.
Ensure that the new filter is installed in the same orientation as the
original unit.
Invisible place holder
LEDR RADIO PC BOARD
FL700
Transmitter Section
FL601
FL600
Receiver Section
Figure 30. Location of Bandwidth Filters FL600, FL601 and FL700
5. Locate and remove Filters FL600 and FL601 from the Receiver
module. In their place, install the replacement filters furnished with
the upgrade kit. Ensure that the new filters are installed in the same
orientation as the original units.
6. This completes the required hardware changes. Fasten the top cover
and re-connect all cables to the rear panel.
7. Power up the radio and proceed to “Software Commands” below.
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
LEDR Series I/O Guide
121
15.3 Software Commands
To activate the new filter bandwidth, it is necessary to enter an authorization key provided by Microwave Data Systems. This key is based
upon the radio serial number and will authorize the new bandwidth of
the radio. Contact the factory if you do not already have an authorization
number.
1. Initiate a NMS terminal session with the LEDR radio. (Refer to
Page 26 for login details.)
2. At the LEDR> prompt, type: auth add , where
 is the number provided to you by the factory.
Press ENTER.
3. This completes the required software changes. If desired, the auth
show command may be entered to display all of the current options
for the LEDR radio.
4. Check for alarms on the front panel LED display. If no alarms are
present, the basic functionality of the radio can be confirmed. If an
alarm is present, double check all cable connections and radio settings.
16.0 BENCH TESTING OF RADIOS
In some cases, it may be necessary to test the operation of the equipment
in a bench setting. Figure 31 shows a simple arrangement for bench
testing using RF attenuators between the two units under test.
For weak signal tests (weaker than –80 dBm), additional physical separation between Radio 1 and Radio 2 may be required to prevent unintentional coupling between the radios.
On protected radio configurations, a weak received signal will cause the
radio transceivers to switch.
ANT
Connector
ANT
Connector
LOW LOSS COAXIAL LINES
RADIO
#1
DATA PORT
RADIO
#2
POWER ATTENUATOR
• 30 dB
• 1W Rating
POWER ATTENUATOR
• 30 dB
• 1W Rating
SWITCHED OR VARIABLE
ATTENUATOR
• 0–110 dB (1 dB Steps)
JFW 50DR-001 or Equivalent
• Required only for receiver sensitivity test.
DIGITAL
EQUIPMENT
OR BER
TESTER
DATA PORT
DIGITAL
EQUIPMENT
OR BER
TESTER
TOTAL ATTENUATION
Fixed: 80 dB Minimum for Basic Checks
Adjustable: For Sensitivity Tests (100–140 dB Required)
Figure 31. Back-to-Back Link Test
122
LEDR Series I/O Guide
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
You can perform an over-the-air BER test on the bench or in the field.
In this case, attach a separate piece of BER test equipment and feed it
into one or more of the T1/E1 ports. At the other end of the link, you use
another BER test box, or attach a loopback plug to the CPE data I/O
port. This tests the quality of the radio link itself with regard to the user
payload data. Such a bench, or over-the-air, test does not use the LEDR
bert command.
NOTE: It is important to avoid over-driving the receiver as it can be
damaged by strong signals. Signals stronger than -20 dBm
should be avoided to protect the receiver.
NOTE: User BERT test equipment connected to a LEDR T1 data
interface my yield different BERT results than the radio’s ber
command. This is likely when less than the channel's capacity
is utilized by the timeslot command configuration.
17.0 TECHNICAL REFERENCE
17.1 Specifications—
Models: LEDR 400S, 700S, 900S and 1400S
General
Frequency Ranges:
330–512 MHz (LEDR 400S)
746–794 MHz (LEDR 700S)
800–960 MHz (LEDR 900S)
1350–1535 MHz (LEDR 1400S)
RF Occupied Bandwidth:
25, 50, 100 and 200 kHz
User Data Rates:
64, 128, 256, 384, 512 & 768 kbps
With optional FT1 Interface Board:
n x 64 kbps (Where n = 12)
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
Permitted Data Throughput:
Channel Size
25 kHz
50 kHz
100 kHz
200 kHz
Modulation Type:
32 QAM, 16 QAM, QPSK
Forward Error Correction (FEC):
Reed-Solomon
Acquisition Time— Typical:
From power up, 10 seconds
Voltage Range:
24 Vdc or 48 Vdc (±20%)
Power Consumption:
Less than 60 watts (non-protected configuration)
Temperature Range:
– 5° to 50° C
Humidity:
≤ 90% non-condensing @ 40° C
Size:
1 RU; 19 Inch rack mount compatible
45 mm (1.75 in) high, 1RU
426 mm (16.75 in) wide (excluding rack brackets)
305 mm (12 in) deep
LEDR Series I/O Guide
Data Rate
64 kbps
64 kbps to 128 kbps
64 kbps to 256 kbps
64 kbps to 768 kbps
123
Transmitter
Transmit Power:
+30 dBm (1 watt) at antenna port
Output Control Range:
0 dB to –10 dB
Frequency Stability:
1.5 ppm
Spurious Outputs:
< –60 dBc 400S
< –60 dBc 900S
< –60 dBm 1400S
Receiver
Sensitivity (for 10-6 BER):
Bandwidth
25 kHz
50 kHz
100 kHz
200 kHz
Residual BER:
< 1 x 10-10
Dynamic Range:
> 65 dB
Data Rate
64 kbps
128 kbps
256 kbps
768 kbps
Sensitivity
–101 dBm
–98 dBm
–95 dBm
–92 dBm
Interfaces
Data:
EIA-530,
G.703 100 Ω, balanced (RJ-45)
with optional FT1 Interface Board
Orderwire:
Voice handset interface, DTMF capable
Service Channel:
RS-232 @ 9600 bps
Ethernet:
10 Base-T
Console Port:
RS-232, 9600 bps to 115200 bps
Alarms:
4 programmable outputs; 4 inputs
Antenna:
50 Ω Impedance
Network Management System
Accessibility:
Via built-in HTTP server or command line interface
SNMP Management (Optional):
Using MIB II and custom enterprise MIB
Diagnostic Functions
Via Front Panel LEDs:
Power, Active, General Alarm, Rx Alarm, Tx Alarm
& I/O Alarm
Via Front Panel LCD Display :
Measurements of
RSSI, RF Power, Signal-to-Noise ratio, BER
Data Loopback:
Local and Remote
Agency Approvals
LEDR 400S
EMC:
ETS 300 385
LEDR 900S
Transmission:
FCC Part 101, RS-119
EMC:
FCC Part 15
Transmission:
ETS 300 630, MPT 1717
LEDR 1400S
124
LEDR Series I/O Guide
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
Environmental:
ETS 300 019, Class 3.2
EMC:
ETS 300 385
Safety:
CE Mark
17.2 Specifications—
Models: LEDR 400F, 900F, 1400F
General
Frequency Ranges:
330–512 MHz (LEDR 400F)
800–960 MHz (LEDR 900F)
1350–1535 MHz (LEDR 1400F)
RF Occupied Bandwidth:
500 kHz, 1 MHz & 2 MHz
User Data Rates:
1 x E1 (2.048 Mbps)
2 x E1 (4.096 Mbps)
4 x E1 (8.192 Mbps)
Permitted Data Throughput:
Channel Size
500 kHz
1 MHz
2 MHz
Modulation Type:
32 QAM, 16 QAM, QPSK
Forward Error Correction (FEC):
Reed-Solomon
Acquisition Time (Typical):
From power up, 10 seconds
Voltage Range:
24 Vdc or 48 Vdc (±20%)
Power Consumption:
Less than 60 watts (non-protected configuration)
Temperature Range:
–5° to 50° C
Humidity:
≤ 90% non-condensing @ 40° C
Size:
1RU, 19 Inch rack mount compatible
45 mm (1.75 in) high, 1RU
426 mm (16.75 in) wide (excluding rack brackets)
305 mm (12 in) deep
Data Rate
1 x E1 (2.048 Mbps)
2 x E1 (4.096 Mbps)
4 x E1 (8.192 Mbps)
Transmitter
Transmit Power:
+30 dBm (1 watt) at antenna port
Output Control Range:
0 dB to –10 dB
Frequency Stability:
1.5 ppm
Spurious Outputs:
< –60 dBc (400F)
< –60 dBm (1400F)
Receiver
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
Sensitivity (for 10-6 BER):
Bandwidth
500 kHz
1 MHz
2 MHz
Residual BER:
< 10–10
Dynamic Range:
> 65 dB
LEDR Series I/O Guide
Data Rate
1 x E1
2 x E1
4 x E1
Sensitivity
–90 dBm
–87 dBm
–84 dBm
125
Interfaces
Data:
G.703 120 Ω, balanced (4 x RJ-45)
Orderwire:
Voice handset interface, DTMF capable
Service Channel:
RS-232 @ 9600 bps
Ethernet:
10 Base-T
Console Port:
RS-232, 9600 bps to 115200 bps
Alarms:
4 programmable outputs, 4 inputs
Antenna:
50Ω Impedance
Network Management System
Accessibility:
Via built-in HTTP server or command line interface
SNMP Management (Optional):
Using MIB II and custom enterprise MIB
Diagnostic Functions
Via Front Panel LEDs:
Power, Active, General Alarm, Rx Alarm, Tx Alarm,
I/O Alarm
Via Front Panel LCD Display :
Measurements of
RSSI, RF Power, Signal-to-Noise ratio, BER
Data Loopback:
Local and Remote
Agency Approvals
LEDR 1400F
Transmission:
ETS 300 630, MPT 1717
Environmental:
ETS 300 019, Class 3.2
EMC:
ETS 300 385
Safety:
CE Mark
17.3 Specifications—
Protected Switch Chassis
Transmitter Coupling Loss:
2 dB (Typical)
Receive Coupling Losses:
4 dB with Symmetrical Splitter (Typical)
2 dB/10 dB with Asymmetrical Splitter (Typical)
Power Consumption:
Less than 135 watts
(Two radios and a Protected Switch Chassis)
17.4 Optional Equipment (Consult factory for detailed information)
• Space Diversity
• Hot-standby Protected
• Warm-standby Protected
• Bandwidth Upgrade Kits
126
LEDR Series I/O Guide
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
17.5 Accessories
• 120/240 Vac 50/60 Hz Power Supply (24 Vdc Output)
• Orderwire Handset
• Other items listed in Table 30 on Page 114
NOTE: The factory reserves the right to make changes to this specification without advance notice or obligation to any person.
17.6 I/O Connector Pinout Information
Orderwire—Front Panel
Invisible placep holder
RJ-11
123456
Pin
Signal
Direction
+ 12 Vdc
Output
Mic Return
—
Ear Audio
Output
Ear Return
Output
Mic Audio
Input
Ground
—
Figure 32. Orderwire RJ-11 Connector
CONSOLE Port—Front Panel
Invisible place holder
TXD (DATA IN)
RXD (DATA OUT)
NC
4 3 2
GROUND
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
DCE
Figure 33. CONSOLE Port DB-9 Female Pinout
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
LEDR Series I/O Guide
127
Ethernet—Rear Panel
Invisible place holder
Pin
RJ-45
12345678
10Base-T
Signal
Direction
Ethernet Transmit High
Output
Ethernet Transmit Low
Output
Ethernet Receive High
Input
No Connection
—
No Connection
—
Ethernet Receive Low
Input
No Connection
—
No Connection
—
Figure 34. Ethernet Connector (RJ-45)
EIA-530-A Data—Rear Panel
Invisible place holder
Signal
D esignation
S ource
DCE
D TE
R eturn
Test M ode
Ext. Transm it Signal Elem ent Tim ing (A)
C om m on
D TE
R eturn
D TE
DCE
R eturn
DCE
R eturn
R em ote Loopback
R equest to Send (B)
Local Loopback
R eceiver Signal Elem ent Tim ing (A)
R eceiver D ata (B )
Transm it Signal Elem ent Tim ing (A)
Transm itted D ata (B)
Pin
N o.
Pin Signal
N o. D esignation
25
24
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
C lear to Send (B)
Transm it Signal Elem ent Tim ing (B)
Ext. Transm it S ignal Elem ent Tim ing (B)
R eceived Line Signal D etector (B )
R eceiver S ignal Elem ent Tim ing (B)
R eceived Line Signal D etector (A )
Signal G round
D C E R eady (A)
C lear to Send (A)
R equest to S end (A)
R eceived D ata (A )
Transm itted D ata (A)
Shield
Source
R eturn
R eturn
R eturn
R eturn
R eturn
DCE
C om m on
DCE
DCE
D TE
DCE
D TE
C om m on
Figure 35. EIA-530 Connector Pinout (DB-25)
G.703 Data Connectors (4)—Rear Panel
Invisible place holder
Pin
RJ-45
Direction
Differential digital output signal, ring
Output
Differential digital output signal, tip
Output
Ground
(Early models: No Connection)
Differential digital input signal, ring
Input
Differential digital input signal, tip
Input
Ground
(Early models: No Connection)
—
No Connection
—
No Connection
—
12345678
As viewed from
outside of radio
Signal
—
Figure 36. G.703 Data Connector Pinout (RJ-45)
128
LEDR Series I/O Guide
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
Service Channel—Rear Panel
Invisible place holder
TXD (DATA OUT)
RXD (DATA IN)
DTR (OUT)
4 3 2
GROUND
NC
DCD (IN)
DSR (IN)
CTS (IN)
DTE
RTS (OUT)
Figure 37. Service Channel Connector Pinout (DB-9 Male)
Alarm—Rear Panel
Invisible place holder
ALARM IN 3
ALARM IN 2
ALARM IN 4
GROUND
ALARM OUT 4
4 3 2
ALARM IN 1
ALARM OUT 1
ALARM OUT 3
ALARM OUT 2
Invisible place holder
Figure 38. Alarm Connector DB-9 Female Pinout
(See See “Alarm I/O” on Page 21 for parameters.)
17.7 Watts-dBm-Volts Conversion
Table 32 is provided as a convenience for determining the equivalent
voltage or wattage of an RF power expressed in dBm.
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
LEDR Series I/O Guide
129
Invisible place holder
Table 32. dBm-Volts-Watts Conversion Chart
dBm V
Po
dBm V
Po
dBm mV
+53
+50
+49
+48
+47
+46
+45
+44
+43
+42
+41
+40
+39
+38
+37
+36
+35
+34
+33
+32
+31
+30
+29
+28
+27
+26
+25
+24
+23
+22
+21
+20
+19
+18
+17
+16
+15
+14
+13
+12
+11
+10
+9
+8
+7
+6
+5
+4
+3
+2
+1
200W
100W
80W
64W
50W
40W
32W
25W
20W
16W
12.5W
10W
8W
6.4W
5W
4W
3.2W
2.5W
2W
1.6W
1.25W
1.0W
800mW
640mW
500mW
400mW
320mW
250mW
200mW
160mW
125mW
100mW
80mW
64mW
50mW
40mW
32mW
25mW
20mW
16mW
12.5mW
10mW
8mW
6.4mW
5mW
4mW
3.2mW
2.5mW
2.0mW
1.6mW
1.25mW
-1
-2
-3
-4
-5
-6
-7
-8
-9
-10
-11
-12
-13
-14
-15
-16
1.0mW
.80mW
.64mW
.50mW
.40mW
.32mW
.25mW
.20mW
.16mW
.125mW
.10mW
-49
-50
-51
-52
-53
-54
-55
-56
-57
-58
-59
-60
-61
-62
-63
-64
100.0
70.7
64.0
58.0
50.0
44.5
40.0
32.5
32.0
28.0
26.2
22.5
20.0
18.0
16.0
14.1
12.5
11.5
10.0
9.0
8.0
7.10
6.40
5.80
5.00
4.45
4.00
3.55
3.20
2.80
2.52
2.25
2.00
1.80
1.60
1.41
1.25
1.15
1.00
.90
.80
.71
.64
.58
.500
.445
.400
.355
.320
.280
.252
.225
.200
.180
.160
.141
.125
.115
.100
.090
.080
.071
.064
.058
.050
.045
.040
.0355
dBm µV
dBm mV
-17
-18
-19
-20
-21
-22
-23
-24
-25
-26
-27
-28
-29
-30
-31
-32
-33
-34
-35
-36
-37
-38
-39
-40
-41
-42
-43
-44
-45
-46
-47
-48
31.5
28.5
25.1
22.5
20.0
17.9
15.9
14.1
12.8
11.5
10.0
8.9
8.0
7.1
6.25
5.8
5.0
4.5
4.0
3.5
3.2
2.85
2.5
2.25
2.0
1.8
1.6
1.4
1.25
1.18
1.00
0.90
Po
.01mW
.001mW
.1µW
-65
-66
-67
-68
-69
-70
-71
-72
-73
-74
-75
-76
-77
-78
-79
-80
-81
-82
-83
-84
-85
-86
-87
-88
-89
-90
-91
-92
-93
-94
-95
-96
-97
Po
0.80
0.71 .01µW
0.64
0.57
0.50
0.45
0.40
0.351
0.32
0.286
0.251
0.225 .001µW
0.200
0.180
0.160
0.141
128
115
100
90
80
71
65
58
50
45
40
35
32
29
25
22.5
20.0
18.0
16.0
11.1
12.9
11.5
10.0
9.0
8.0
7.1
6.1
5.75
5.0
4.5
4.0
3.51
3.2
Po
.1nW
.01nW
.001nW
dBm µV
-98
-99
-100
-101
-102
-103
-104
-105
-106
2.9
2.51
2.25
2.0
1.8
1.6
1.41
1.27
1.18
dBm nV
-107
-108
-109
-110
-111
-112
-113
-114
-115
-116
-117
-118
-119
-120
-121
-122
-123
-124
-125
-126
-127
-128
-129
-130
-131
-132
-133
-134
-135
-136
-137
-138
-139
-140
1000
900
800
710
640
580
500
450
400
355
325
285
251
225
200
180
160
141
128
117
100
90
80
71
61
58
50
45
40
35
33
29
25
23
Po
.1pW
Po
.01pW
.001pW
.1ƒW
.01ƒW
18.0 RADIO EVENT CODES
Table 33 lists the event codes that may be encountered during operation
of the radio. These codes may be read from a terminal using the events
pending command. (See Page 57 for a full description of the events command.)
130
LEDR Series I/O Guide
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
NOTE: The event codes listed here are available on radios equipped
with the optional FT1 Interface Board. Standard “S” Series
radios will display fewer codes.
Table 33. Event Codes
ID
EVENT NAME
DESCRIPTION
DEFAULT
LED
SNMP
TRAP
LEVEL
EXT_ALARM_IN1
External Alarm Input #1
ALARM
CRITICAL
EXT_ALARM_IN2
External Alarm Input #2
ALARM
CRITICAL
EXT_ALARM_IN3
External Alarm Input #3
ALARM
CRITICAL
EXT_ALARM_IN4
External Alarm Input #4
ALARM
CRITICAL
MODULATOR_EV
Communication failure
with modulator
ALARM
CRITICAL
DEMODULATOR_EV
Communication failure
with demodulator
ALARM
CRITICAL
MOD_SELFTEST
Modulator selftest failed
NONE
CRITICAL
DEMOD_SELFTEST
Demodulator selftest
failed
NONE
INFORM
PERM_REGN_CHECKSUM
Permanent region
checksum failed
NONE
INFORM
APP1_REGN_CHECKSUM
Application #1 checksum
failed
NONE
INFORM
10
APP2_REGN_CHECKSUM
Application #2 checksum
failed
NONE
INFORM
11
BOOT_REGN_CHECKSUM
Boot loader checksum
failed
NONE
INFORM
12
CONF1_REGN_CHECKSUM
Configuration Data region
#1 checksum failed
NONE
INFORM
13
CONF2_REGN_CHECKSUM
Configuration Data region
#2 checksum failed
NONE
INFORM
14
RTC_TEST
Real-time clock error
NONE
INFORM
15
BBRAM_TEST
NV-RAM test failed
NONE
INFORM
16
BATTERY_LOW
NV-RAM battery is low
ALARM
MAJOR
17
TX_SYNTH_LOCK
Transmit Synthesizer
out-of-lock
TXALARM
CRITICAL
18
RX_SYNTH_LOCK
Receive Synthesizer
out-of-lock
RXALARM
CRITICAL
19
DIG_POWER_REF
Digital Power Reference
is out of specified range
ALARM
CRITICAL
20
TEMPERATURE
Temperature sensor
reads over 80 degrees
Celsius
ALARM
CRITICAL
21
TX_POWER_LOOP
Transmit Power Loop is
out-of-lock
TXALARM
MAJOR
22
DEMOD_SNR_LOW
Demodulator
Signal-to-Noise ratio is
unacceptably low
NONE
MINOR
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
LEDR Series I/O Guide
131
Table 33. Event Codes (Continued)
132
ID
EVENT NAME
DESCRIPTION
DEFAULT
LED
SNMP
TRAP
LEVEL
23
DEMOD_AGC_RSSI
Demodulator Automatic
Gain Controlled RSSI too
low
NONE
MINOR
24
DEMOD_FEC_RECOVER
FEC circuitry has detected
and corrected one or more
errors
NONE
MINOR
25
DEMOD_FEC_UNRECOVER
FEC circuitry has detected
one or more uncorrectable
errors
NONE
MINOR
26
DEMOD_MULTIPATH
Excessive multipath
distortion detected
NONE
MINOR
27
DEMOD_ACQUISITION
Demodulator lost sync.
lock on received signal
RXALARM
CRITICAL
28
TX_TO_REMOTE_RX
Problem with link between
the local transmitter &
remote Rx
ALARM
CRITICAL
29
REDUNDANT_ALARM
Problem with redundant
unit
ALARM
CRITICAL
30
WDOG_TIME_OUT
Processor watchdog has
expired and reset the
processor
ALARM
CRITICAL
31
RX_OFF
Radio is not receiving due
to a weak signal or
equipment failure
RXALARM
CRITICAL
32
SOFTWARE_TX_OFF
Software command has
unkeyed the radio
TXALARM
CRITICAL
33
RTC_NOT_SET
The real time clock is not
programmed
NONE
MINOR
34
IO1_DIG_LOC_lOOPBACK
The radio’s 530 or TELCO
I/O port is in Digital local
loopback mode
NONE
INFORM
35
IO2_DIG_LOC_lOOPBACK
The radio’s 2nd TELCO
I/O port is in Digital local
loopback mode
NONE
INFORM
36
IO3_DIG_LOC_lOOPBACK
The radio’s 3rd TELCO
I/O port is in Digital local
loopback mode
NONE
INFORM
37
IO4_DIG_LOC_lOOPBACK
The radio’s 4th TELCO
I/O port is in Digital local
loopback mode
NONE
INFORM
38
RF_LOCAL_LOOPBACK
The radio is in Local RF
loopback test mode
NONE
INFORM
39
IO1_DIG_REM_LOOPBACK
The radio’s 530 or TELCO
I/O port is in Digital
Remote loopback mode
NONE
INFORM
40
IO2_DIG_REM_LOOPBACK
The radio’s 2nd TELCO
I/O port is in Digital
Remote loopback mode
NONE
INFORM
LEDR Series I/O Guide
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
Table 33. Event Codes (Continued)
ID
EVENT NAME
DESCRIPTION
DEFAULT
LED
SNMP
TRAP
LEVEL
41
IO3_DIG_REM_LOOPBACK
The radio’s 3rd TELCO
I/O port is in Digital
Remote loopback mode
NONE
INFORM
42
IO4_DIG_REM_LOOPBACK
The radio’s 4th TELCO
I/O port is in Digital
Remote loopback mode
NONE
INFORM
43
RAW_SERVICE_CHANNEL
The Raw Service Channel
data frame is exhibiting
error
ALARM
MAJOR
44
ATOD_REFERENCE
A fault is detected with the
Analog to Digital converter
ALARM
CRITICAL
45
NEW_CONFIG_REV
A new revision of
configuration data
structure has been
detected
NONE
INFORM
46
FPGA_LOAD
FPGA is not loaded
correctly
NONE
INFORM
47
DATE_TIME_CHANGE
The date or time is been
modified
NONE
INFORM
48
HARDWARE_TX_OFF
The transmitter key
hardware is in an unkeyed
state
TXALARM
CRITICAL
49
INACTIVE_ON
Current radio transceiver
is in standby mode when
in protected radio chassis
ALARM
MAJOR
50
NO_OPTION_UNIT
No Option Card is
detected
NONE
INFORM
51
VOCODER_INIT_ERR
The voice processor
initialization failed
ALARM
MAJOR
52
VOCODER_ERROR
The voice processor is
reporting a problem
ALARM
MAJOR
53
POWER_ON_RESET
This indicates Power On
Reset Cycle
NONE
INFORM
54
EXT_HARD_RESET
This indicates last
Power-Up Cycle was due
to External Hard Reset
NONE
INFORM
55
EXT_SOFT_RESET
This indicates last
Power-Up Cycle was due
to External Soft Reset
NONE
INFORM
56
INACT_CONFIG_SYNC
Protected 1+1 mode
Active to Inactive
Configuration data sync.
error
ALARM
CRITICAL
57
NEW FIRMWARE LOADED
New firmware has been
downloaded from flash
memory.
NONE
INFORM
58
CONFIG_CHANGED
The radio transceiver
configuration has been
modified
NONE
INFORM
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
LEDR Series I/O Guide
133
Table 33. Event Codes (Continued)
134
ID
EVENT NAME
DESCRIPTION
DEFAULT
LED
SNMP
TRAP
LEVEL
59
SELFTEST_COMPLETE
A self test has completed
execution
NONE
INFORM
60
PERFORM_DEGRADED
A performance
degradation threshold has
been exceeded
ALARM
INFORM
61
DUPLICATE_UNIT_ID
Another unit with the
same unit ID has been
detected
ALARM
INFORM
62
LINK_UNAVAILABLE
The G821 status indicates
that the link is unavailable
NONE
INFORM
63
EVENT_LOG_CLEARED
The event log has been
cleared
NONE
INFORM
64
Reserved for future use
—
—
—
65
Reserved for future use
—
—
—
66
USER_REBOOT
The user has rebooted the
radio
NONE
INFORM
67
MODEM_LOCAL_LOOPBACK
Modulator data path is
locally looped back to
Demodulator
NONE
INFORM
68
MODEM_REMOTE_LOOPBA
CK
Demodulator data path is
looped back to modulator
for remote radio loopback
application
NONE
INFORM
69
OPT_MUX_LOOBACK
Option card multiplexed
data path from Line(s) is
looped back
NONE
INFORM
70
IO1_REM_LOOPBACK_SERV
Radio is server for remote
radio loopback mode with
its payload data at Line IO
#1 looped back to the
commanding local radio
NONE
INFORM
71
IO2_REM_LOOPBACK_SERV
Radio is server for remote
radio loopback mode with
its payload data at Line IO
#2 looped back to the
commanding local radio
NONE
INFORM
72
IO3_REM_LOOPBACK_SERV
Radio is server for remote
radio loopback mode with
its payload data at Line IO
#3 looped back to the
commanding local radio
NONE
INFORM
73
IO4_REM_LOOPBACK_SERV
Radio is server for remote
radio loopback mode with
its payload data at Line IO
#4 looped back to the
commanding local radio
NONE
INFORM
74
IO1_RECVR_LOF
Line IO #1 receiver
Loss-of-framing alarm.
I/O ALARM
CRITICAL
75
IO1_RECVR_LOS
Line IO #1 receiver
Loss-of-signal alarm
I/O ALARM
CRITICAL
LEDR Series I/O Guide
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
Table 33. Event Codes (Continued)
ID
EVENT NAME
DESCRIPTION
DEFAULT
LED
SNMP
TRAP
LEVEL
76
IO1_RECVR_ALOS
Line IO #1 receiver
Loss-of-analog-signal
alarm
I/O ALARM
CRITICAL
77
IO1_RECVR_AIS
Line IO #1 receiver
detected AIS alarm
I/O ALARM
CRITICAL
78
IO1_RECVR_RAI
Line IO #1 receiver
detected RAI (yellow)
alarm
I/O ALARM
CRITICAL
79
IO1_RECVR_MRAI
Line IO #1 receiver
detected multi-framed RAI
(yellow) alarm
I/O ALARM
CRITICAL
80
IO1_RECVR_SEF
Line IO #1 receiver
detected Severely Errored
Frames
I/O ALARM
CRITICAL
81
IO1_RECVR_COFA
Line IO #1 receiver
detected
Change-of-FrameAlignment alarm
I/O ALARM
CRITICAL
82
IO1_RECVR_MAIS
Line IO #1 receiver
detected multi-framed AIS
alarm
I/O ALARM
CRITICAL
83
IO1_RECVR_FEBE
Line IO #1 receiver
detected E1
Far-End-Block-Errors
alarm
I/O ALARM
INFORM
84
IO1_RECVR_LCV
Line IO #1 receiver
detected Line-CodeViolation alarm
I/O ALARM
INFORM
85
IO1_RECVR_CRC
Line IO #1 receiver
detected CRC alarm
I/O ALARM
INFORM
86
IO1_RECVR_FBIT
Line IO #1 receiver
detected Frame Bit Error
I/O ALARM
INFORM
87
IO2_RECVR_LOF
Line IO #2 receiver
Loss-of-framing alarm
I/O ALARM
CRITICAL
88
IO2_RECVR_LOS
Line IO #2 receiver
Loss-of-signal alarm
I/O ALARM
CRITICAL
89
IO2_RECVR_ALOS
Line IO #2 receiver
Loss-of-analog-signal
alarm
I/O ALARM
CRITICAL
90
I02_RECVR_AIS
Line IO #2 receiver
detected AIS alarm
I/O ALARM
CRITICAL
91
IO2_RECVR_RAI
Line IO #2 receiver
detected RAI (yellow)
alarm
I/O ALARM
CRITICAL
92
IO2_RECVR_MRAI
Line IO #2 receiver
detected multi-framed RAI
(yellow) alarm
I/O ALARM
CRITICAL
93
IO2_RECVR_SEF
Line IO #2 receiver
detected Severely Errored
Frames
I/O ALARM
CRITICAL
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
LEDR Series I/O Guide
135
Table 33. Event Codes (Continued)
136
ID
EVENT NAME
DESCRIPTION
DEFAULT
LED
SNMP
TRAP
LEVEL
94
IO2RECVR_COFA
Line IO #2 receiver
detected
Change-of-FrameAlignment alarm
I/O ALARM
CRITICAL
95
IO2_RECVR_MAIS
Line IO #2 receiver
detected multi-framed AIS
alarm
I/O ALARM
CRITICAL
96
IO2_RECVR_FEBE
Line IO #2 receiver
detected E1
Far-End-Block-Errors
alarm
I/O ALARM
INFORM
97
IO2_RECVR_LCV
Line IO #2 receiver
detected
Line-Code-Violation alarm
I/O ALARM
INFORM
98
IO2_RECVR_CRC
Line IO #2 receiver
detected CRC alarm
I/O ALARM
INFORM
99
IO2_RECVR_FBIT
Line IO #2 receiver
detected Frame Bit Error
I/O ALARM
CRITICAL
100
IO3_RECVR_LOF
Line IO #3 receiver
Loss-of-framing alarm
I/O ALARM
CRITICAL
101
IO3_RECVR_LOS
Line IO #3 receiver
Loss-of-signal alarm
I/O ALARM
CRITICAL
102
IO3_RECVR_ALOS
Line IO #3 receiver
Loss-of-analog-signal
alarm
I/O ALARM
CRITICAL
103
IO3_RECVR_AIS
Line IO #3 receiver
detected AIS alarm
I/O ALARM
CRITICAL
104
IO3_RECVR_RAI
Line IO #3 receiver
detected RAI (yellow)
alarm
I/O ALARM
CRITICAL
105
IO3_RECVR_MRAI
Line IO #3 receiver
detected multi-framed RAI
(yellow) alarm
I/O ALARM
CRITICAL
106
IO3_RECVR_SEF
Line IO #3 receiver
detected Severely Errored
Frames
I/O ALARM
CRITICAL
107
IO3_RECVR_COFA
Line IO #3 receiver
detected
Change-of-FrameAlignment alarm
I/O ALARM
CRITICAL
108
IO3_RECVR_MAIS
Line IO #3 receiver
detected multi-framed AIS
alarm
I/O ALARM
CRITICAL
109
IO3_RECVR_FEBE
Line IO #3 receiver
detected E1
Far-End-Block-Errors
alarm
I/O ALARM
INFORM
110
IO3_RECVR_LCV
Line IO #3 receiver
detected Line-CodeViolation alarm
I/O ALARM
INFORM
LEDR Series I/O Guide
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
Table 33. Event Codes (Continued)
ID
EVENT NAME
DESCRIPTION
DEFAULT
LED
SNMP
TRAP
LEVEL
111
IO3_RECVR_CRC
Line IO #3 receiver
detected CRC alarm
I/O ALARM
INFORM
112
IO3_RECVR_FBIT
Line IO #3 receiver
detected Frame Bit Error
I/O ALARM
INFORM
113
IO4_RECVR_LOF
Line IO #4 receiver
Loss-of-framing alarm
I/O ALARM
CRITICAL
114
IO4_RE CVR_LOS
Line IO #4 receiver
Loss-of-signal alarm
I/O ALARM
CRITICAL
115
IO4_RECVR_ALOS
Line IO #4 receiver
Loss-of-analog-signal
alarm
I/O ALARM
CRITICAL
116
IO4_RECVR_AIS
Line IO #4 receiver
detected AIS alarm
I/O ALARM
CRITICAL
117
IO4_RECVR_RAI
Line IO #4 receiver
detected RAI (yellow)
alarm
I/O ALARM
CRITICAL
118
IO4_RECVR_MRAI
Line IO #4 receiver
detected multi-framed RAI
(yellow) alarm
I/O ALARM
CRITICAL
119
IO4_RECVR_SEF
Line IO #4 receiver
detected Severely Errored
Frames
I/O ALARM
CRITICAL
120
IO4_RECVR_COFA
Line IO #4 receiver
detected
Change-of-FrameAlignment alarm
I/O ALARM
CRITICAL
121
IO4_RECVR_MAIS
Line IO #4 receiver
detected multi-framed AIS
alarm
I/O ALARM
CRITICAL
122
IO4_RECVR_FEBE
Line IO #4 receiver
detected E1
Far-End-Block-Errors
alarm
I/O ALARM
INFORM
123
IO4_RECVR_LCV
Line IO #4 receiver
detected
Line-Code-Violation alarm
I/O ALARM
INFORM
124
IO4_RECVR_CRC
Line IO #4 receiver
detected CRC alarm
I/O ALARM
INFORM
125
IO4_RECVR_FBIT
Line IO #4 receiver
detected Frame Bit Error
I/O ALARM
INFORM
126
DIG_REM_LOOPBACK
For EIA-530, local radio is
in remote loopback mode
NONE
INFORM
127
SERV_REM_LOOPBACK
For EIA-530, local radio
(as remote server) is
serving remote loopback
mode
NONE
INFORM
128
BAD_CLKMODE
Line framers detected bad
clock mode configuration
NONE
INFORM
129
REDUNDANT SWITCH
Switchover has occurred
NONE
INFORM
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
LEDR Series I/O Guide
137
Table 33. Event Codes (Continued)
ID
EVENT NAME
DESCRIPTION
DEFAULT
LED
SNMP
TRAP
LEVEL
130
IF_SYNTH_LOCK
Intermediate Frequency
(IF) synthesizer out of lock
TXALARM
RXALARM
CRITICAL
131
OPT_FPGA_LOAD
Option Card Field
Programmable Gate Array
loading error
NONE
INFORM
132
USER_RDNT_SWITCH
User-initiated switchover
has occurred.
NONE
INFORM
133
USER_LOGIN
User has logged into radio
NONE
INFORM
134
USER_LOGOUT
User has logged out of
radio
NONE
INFORM
135
Remote Alarm IN1
Remote Alarm Indication
#1
ALARM
CRITICAL
136
Remote Alarm IN2
Remote Alarm Indication
#2
ALARM
CRITICAL
137
Remote Alarm IN3
Remote Alarm Indication
#3
ALARM
CRITICAL
138
Remote Alarm IN4
Remote Alarm Indication
#4
ALARM
CRITICAL
139
Orderwire Alert
Alert signal from orderwire
NONE
INFORM
140
REDUNDANT ACTIVE
LEDR station is operating
in Redundant (protected)
mode
NONE
INFORM
141
RX-TX Split Error
Error detected in RX/TX
frequency split
RXALARM
CRITICAL
19.0 IN CASE OF DIFFICULTY
MDS products are designed for long life and trouble-free operation.
However, this equipment, as with all electronic equipment, may have an
occasional component failure. The following information will assist you
in the event that servicing becomes necessary.
19.1 FACTORY TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE
Assistance for MDS products is available from our Technical Services
group during business hours (8:00 A.M.–5:30 P.M. Eastern Time).
When calling, please give the complete model number of the radio,
along with a description of the trouble symptom(s) that you are experiencing. In many cases, problems can be resolved over the telephone,
without the need for returning the unit to the factory.
Please use the following telephone numbers for product assistance:
585-241-5510 (Phone)
585-242-8369 (FAX)
138
LEDR Series I/O Guide
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
19.2 FACTORY REPAIRS
Component level repair of radio equipment is not recommended in the
field. Many components are installed using surface mount technology,
which requires specialized training and equipment for proper servicing.
For this reason, the equipment should be returned to the factory for any
PC board repairs. The factory is best equipped to diagnose, repair and
align your radio to its proper operating specifications.
If return of the equipment is necessary, you will be issued a Service
Request Order (SRO) number. The SRO number will help expedite the
repair so that the equipment can be repaired and returned to you as
quickly as possible. Please be sure to include this number on the outside
of the shipping box, and on any correspondence relating to the repair. No
equipment can be accepted for repair without an SRO number.
A statement should accompany the radio describing, in detail, the
trouble symptom(s), and a description of any associated equipment normally connected to the radio. It is also important to include the name and
telephone number of a person in your organization who can be contacted
if additional information is required.
The radio must be properly packed for return to the factory. The original
shipping container and packaging materials should be used whenever
possible. All factory returns should be addressed to:
Microwave Data Systems Inc.
Product Service Department
(SRO No. XXXX)
175 Science Parkway
Rochester, NY 14620 USA
When repairs have been completed, the equipment will be returned to
you by the same shipping method used to send it to the factory. Please
specify if you wish to make different shipping arrangements.
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
LEDR Series I/O Guide
139
140
LEDR Series I/O Guide
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
GLOSSARY
AIS—Alarm Indication Signal. Indicates all
ones are being sent or received.
AMI—Alternate Mark Inversion. A bipolar
format where consecutive marks (ones) have
the polarity inverted. Spaces (ones) are represented by zero volts. This technique prevents
long sequences of positive or negative voltages.
Analog—Signals with a continuously varying
amplitude, such as the human voice.
BERT—Bit-error rate test. The results of a
BERT are normally expressed as a ratio (power
of 10) of the number of bits received in error
compared to the total number received.
BER—Bit-error rate. See also BERT.
Bit—Binary digit. The smallest unit of digital
data, often represented by a one or a zero. Eight
bits usually comprise a byte.
bps—Bits-per-second. A measure of the information transfer rate of digital data across a
communication channel.
BSLIP—Bit Slip. Protocol that allows a bit to
be added or deleted without causing a reframe
sequence. Applies principally to Dutch PTT
National applications.
Byte—A digital “word” usually made up of
eight bits.
dBm—Decibels relative to one milliwatt. An
absolute unit used to measure signal power, as
in transmitter power output, or received signal
strength.
DTR—Data Terminal Ready. A control signal
sent from the radio indicating that it is ready to
transmit data.
CPE—Customer premise (provided) equipment.
DCE— Data (circuit terminating) Communications Equipment. In data communications
terminology, this is the “modem” side of a
computer-to-modem connection. The transceiver is a DCE device which is designed to
connect to a DTE device.
Decibel (dB)—A measure of the ratio between
two signal levels. Frequently used to express
the gain or loss of a system.
DSP—Digital Signal Processing. A processing
technique that uses software algorithms to
filter, shape, or otherwise modify the characteristics of a given signal. In the LEDR radio, DSP
is used primarily in modulation and demodulation functions.
E1—An international telephony standard that
operates at 2.048 megabits-per-second (Mbps).
This transmission speed is commonly used
throughout the world except for North America
(which uses T1 1.544 Mbps). Framed E1 consists of 30 digitized telephone channels and two
64 Kbps control channels.
cas—Channel Associated Signalling.
dBi—Decibels of gain relative to an isotropic
radiator. (A hypothetical antenna which radiates equally in all directions.) Used to express
antenna gain.
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
EIRP—Effective Isotropic Radiated Power.
Commonly used to express the power radiated
from a gain antenna. It is equal to the power
transmitted (minus feedline loss) plus the
antenna gain.
LEDR Series Installation & Operation Guide
G-1
Fade Margin—The maximum tolerable reduction in received signal strength which still provides an acceptable signal quality. This
compensates for reduced signal strength due to
multipath, slight antenna movement or
changing atmospheric losses. Expressed in
decibels.
fas—Frame Alignment Sequence.
FEC—Forward Error Correction. Extra data is
added to the transmitted signal to allow for
detection and correction of some transmission
errors.
Frame—A segment of data that adheres to a
specific data protocol and contains definite
start and end points. It provides a method of
synchronizing transmissions.
Fresnel Zone—A point of maximum width or
girth of the transmitted radio signal. Obstructions in this region (the “first Fresnel zone”)
can have a detrimental effect on reception
quality. As a general rule, 60 percent of the first
Fresnel zone should be free of obstructions in a
well designed system. (Additional considerations are also required when planning a microwave path.
G.703—The ITU standard defining the characteristics of digital interfaces (pulse shape,
voltage levels, etc.). This applies to high-speed,
three-level data being sent over coaxial or
twisted pair lines.
G.821—The ITU standard by which data transmission quality is measured. The analysis considers available vs. unavailable time.
Hitless Switching Operation—Refers to the
practice of switching between receive signal
paths without introducing bit errors or timing
slips. This feature is required for space or frequency diversity applications.
Hot Standby—Refers to a state of the inactive
(standby) transceiver in a Protected or Redundant configuration. In a Hot Standby configuration, the standby transceiver is actively
transmitting.
ITU—International Telecommunications
Union.
kbps—Kilobits-per-second.
Linecode—Refers to the data coding format
used by the radio for the line interface. (It does
not pertain to the radio’s modulation coding.)
The available linecode selections are HDB3
and AMI.
Mbps—Megabits-per-second.
MIB—Management Information Base. The
MIB stores SNMP messages that are directed
to the management console. This can include
Server events, statistical data and system queries.
Multipath Fading—Signals arriving at the
receiver out of phase which have a tendency to
cancel each other. It is caused by reflections of
the transmitted wave and results in distortion at
the receiver or weak received signal strength.
Multiplexer—A signal processing unit that
combines multiple streams of data into one for
transmission across a single data channel.
Half-Power Beamwidth—The customary
way of measuring the width of a directional
antenna’s radiation pattern. This beamwidth is
measured in degrees between the half-power
points (the point at which the power is reduced
3 dB with respect to the main beam).
NMS—Network Management System. A software application used to configure, diagnose
and monitor a communication network. The
LEDR radio’s SNMP program is an example of
an NMS.
HDB3—High density bipolar order of 3. A line
interface standard for E1 transmission that
employs coding to eliminate data streams with
four or more consecutive zeros.
Protected Radio—A radio configuration
where there are redundant modules that automatically become active in the event of a
failure.
G-2
LEDR Series Installation & Operation Guide
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
Protected Operation—Refers to the practice
of providing redundant transmit and receive
signal paths through the radio (antenna to customer payload interface) so that no single point
of failure in a single radio will interrupt the
link. This feature is also referred to as 1+1
Operation and is usually provided by operating
the system using Hot Standby.
TFTP—Trivial File Transfer Protocol. A standard network protocol used to send and receive
files between two devices.
Warm Standby—Refers to a state of the inactive (standby) transceiver in a Protected or
Redundant configuration. In a Warm Standby
configuration, the standby transceiver is not
transmitting and must be keyed after switching.
PSC—Protected Switch Chassis. Chassis
holding data and RF control/switch circuitry in
a redundant/protected configuration.
QAM—Quadrature Amplitude Modulation.
Uses phase shifts and amplitude changes to
send high-speed data in a comparatively
narrow RF channel. See also QPSK.
QPSK—Quadrature Phase Shift Keying. Uses
four levels of phase shift to send high-speed
data with a higher system gain than QAM modulation. See also QAM.
Redundant Switching—Refers to the practice
of switching between transmit signal paths
when a fault condition occurs on the currently
active radio.
rai—Remote Alarm Indication. Sometimes
referred to as “yellow” alarm.
RSSI—Received signal strength indication.
Expressed in dBm.
SNMP—Simple Network Management Protocol. A common network management system
(NMS) protocol used to monitor and control a
communications network
SNR—Signal-to-noise ratio. Expressed in
decibels (dB).
SWR—Standing Wave Ratio. A parameter
related to the ratio between forward transmitter
power and the reflected power from the antenna
system. As a general guideline, reflected power
should not exceed 10% of the forward power
(2:1 SWR).
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
LEDR Series Installation & Operation Guide
G-3
G-4
LEDR Series Installation & Operation Guide
MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. D
QUICK START GUIDE
Continued from the inside front cover.
7.
Set TCP/IP settings to enable SNMP and/or Telnet Network Management (If
required)
• The unit IP address are factory configured with a unique address based on the last three digits of the
unit serial number.
• Use IP command to change the IP address, set netmask, gateway and IP Port as necessary. In a
protected radio, change the RDNT settings to match the user-assigned IP addresses.
8. Assign user configurable fields (As required)
Many items are user configurable, to ease customer use. These include, but are not limited to the following.
See the NMS command description in the manual for more detail:
•
•
•
•
Set user information fields using INFO command (Page 62).
Set alarms and alarm mappings using the ALARM (Page 50) and EVMAP (Page 58) commands.
Set alarm thresholds using the THRESHOLD command (Page 83).
Set the SNMP community using the SNMPCOMM command (Page 81).
9. Perform bench tests to verify the performance of the radio
The data performance and NMS should be verified. Use the LOOPBACK commands (Page 69) to verify
data throughput. (See “BENCH TESTING OF RADIOS” on Page 122.)
10.Install the link
Peak the antennas for maximum RSSI using the continuously updated RSSI command (Page 79) through
the front panel screen or the TREND command (Page 85) via the NMS.
11. Verify proper operation by observing the LED display
• Refer to “Front Panel” on Page 14 for a description of the status LEDs.
• Aim directional antenna for maximum receive signal strength using the RSSI Screen.
12. Configure the SNMP Manager software
• Refer to the SNMP Handbook (Part No. 05-3532A01). (This manual is published by MDS in paper
form, or may be downloaded from our web site at www.microwavedata.com.
End of Quick Start Guide
Microwave Data Systems Inc.
175 Science Parkway
Rochester, NY 14620
General Business: +1 585 242-9600
FAX: +1 585 242-9620
Web: www.microwavedata.com
A product of Microwave Data Systems Inc.

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Creator                         : MDS Employee
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