Hi G Tek IGRS40916 DataSeal User Manual ch5

Hi-G-Tek Ltd DataSeal ch5

Users Manual 2

TheSystemChapter 5
Hi-G-Tek Ltd. Microelectronics & Asset Tracking Technology 50System55.1.System descriptionT Complete Reader SessionReaderH Ineatedrerorgation Random Access Window Alert Window Tcw TawTrwThwTiw Readers Interlace Window 5.1.1. General.Hi-G-Tek DataSeals operate in sleep mode to conserve power. A pre-determined periodically awakens them from sleep mode. This allows them to monitor the surrounding airwaves for a Reader's wake up signal.Tw is the notation used throughout this manual for the wakeup cycle time of the seal.When the Reader initiates a session, it transmits a stream of data bits of programmable length. The notation of the data stream length is Thw.The seals use the SLOTTED ALOHA concept to communicate back to a Reader. The length of an ALOHA time slot is notated as Ts. (Ts is also notated as a window). This time slot is usually of fixed duration. For the Verify, Addressed Verify and Tamper commands, Ts should be defined externally in the command (see paragraph 5.6.3.2.). Fig. 5.1 - RF Communication Channels
Hi-G-Tek Ltd. Microelectronics & Asset Tracking Technology 515System Ts can have one of the following values: 21, 41, 63, 81 msec.The System has four communication channels Reader Interrogation Header with time duration of Thw. Within this time frame the Reader sends a data stream to the seals. Readers Interlace Window with time duration of Tiw. This window is to allow other Readers to transmit and to share one Random Access Window. Random Access Window with time duration of Tcw. During this period seals responds in random access mode. Because the access is random, collisions between seal messages are to be expected. Alert Window with time duration of Taw. The last channel is an emergency channel allowing seals with high priority alert messages to transmit the message to the Reader.Trw is the notation used for the seals transmitting (Reader is receiving) time frame. A complete communication Reader Session is Thw + Trw. To overcome collisions, the seals should retransmit their message several times within the Random Access Window. The number of retransmissions should be defined externally in the command and is called Rr.The seal may also retransmit in the Alert Window. This is notated as Rt. Both Thw and Tw can be programmed.The relationship between Thw and Tw should be kept constant.Thw=Tw+ 135 msec See paragraph 5.2.3. for information on how to calculate Thw and Tw
Hi-G-Tek Ltd. Microelectronics & Asset Tracking Technology 525SystemTable 5.1 Number of retries within the Random Access Window When there are a certain number of seals in the Reader's receiving zone, probability calculations show that more than one Seal Transmission is required to obtain a complete result.The following table demonstrates the number of retransmissions required for different situations.# Of seal slots (Ts) Max # of Seals Min # of Reader Sessions 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 1 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 - 9 6 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 - - - - 10 6 6 6 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 2 - 4 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 - - - - - - - 8 7 7 6 6 6 6 5 5 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 5 2 - - 5 4 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 - - - - - - - - - 10 8 8 8 6 6 6 6 6 5 5 5 5 5 6 2 - - - 5 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - 9 8 8 7 6 6 6 6 6 6 5 7 2 - - - - 6 5 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 10 8 8 7 7 6 6 6 8 2 - - - - - - 5 5 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 9 9 9 8 8 9 2 - - - - - - - 6 5 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 10 9 9 10 2 - - - - - - - - 7 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 - - - - - - - - - - 7 6 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 12 3 - - - - - - 4 4 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 9 7 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 14 3 - - - - - - - - 5 4 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 6 5 5 5 4 4 4 16 3 - - - - - - - - - - 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 9 7 6 5 18 3 - - - - - - - - - - - 6 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 7 6 20 3 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 2 3 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5 4 3 3 3 3 25 4 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 4 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5 30 4 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 4 3 3 3 3 3 2 4 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 4 3 3 35 5 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3 3 2 2 2 2 2
Hi-G-Tek Ltd. Microelectronics & Asset Tracking Technology 535System Table 5.2. Minimum RequirementsMaximum # Seals Minimum # Sessions Minimum # Windows Optimum # Retries 2 1 16 6 3 1 40 9 4 1 67 10 5 1 94 9 6 1 122 9 7 1 147 10 8 1 175 9 9 1 207 8 10 1 229 10 11 2 118 8 12 2 129 7 13 2 141 9 14 2 154 9 15 2 169 9 16 2 182 9 17 2 197 9 18 2 211 7 19 2 221 8 20 2 239 8 22 2 255 9 24 3 193 5 26 3 217 6 28 3 226 6 30 3 243 6 35 4 228 4
Hi-G-Tek Ltd. Microelectronics & Asset Tracking Technology 545System Table 5.3. below shows some examples of the Verify command using different retransmissions and Reader Sessions. In this example, Thw=3 sec; Ts=21 msec; Taw=105 msec.Table 5.3. Reducing the Reader Interrogation Header - Thw increases the speed of the Verify session. Increasing the speed of the process is in conflict with the battery lifetime of the seal. (Higher speed = lower battery lifetime). When designing an application, careful attention should be paid to optimizing the correct tradeoffs between system response time, battery lifetime and number of seals.Taw is calculated for 5 slots of Ts.Table 5.4 demonstrates the impact of Thw on response time and battery life. The scenario for the results in the table is a GATE concept, whereby a seal is exposed to a reader for 6 minutes per 24 hours and: Ts=21 msec; Taw=105 msec.
Hi-G-Tek Ltd. Microelectronics & Asset Tracking Technology 555SystemTable 5.4.Number of Seals Thw Reader Session time sec Number of Retransmis-sions Rr Number of Reader Sessions Battery Life Years Total Verify duration Sec 1 0.5 0.67 2 1 2.2 0.67 2 0.5 1.45 3 1 2.2 1.45 3 0.5 1.70 6 1 2.1 1.70 4 0.5 2.10 6 1 2.1 2.10 5 0.5 2.70 8 1 2.1 2.70 10 0.5 5.50 10 1 2.2 5.50 20 0.5 5.64 7 2 2.3 11.3 1 1 1.17 2 1 3.8 1.17 2 1 1.95 3 1 3.8 1.95 3 1 2.20 6 1 3.6 2.20 4 1 2.60 6 1 3.7 2.60 5 1 3.20 8 1 3.6 3.20 10 1 6.00 10 1 3.8 6.00 20 1 6.15 7 2 3.9 12.3 1 3 3.20 2 1 5.0 3.20 2 3 3.95 3 1 5.0 3.95 3 3 4.16 6 1 5.0 4.16 4 3 4.68 6 1 5.0 4.68 5 3 5.20 8 1 5.0 5.20 10 3 7.94 10 1 5.0 7.94 20 3 8.15 7 2 5.0 16.3 Table 5.5. demonstrates the impact of Thw on response time andbattery life for a YARD Management concept, where a seal is constantly exposed to a reader 24 hours a day. As mentioned previously, the reader in some cases should carry out a number of Reader Sessions to achieve the required performance.A group of Reader Sessions is a System Session. The frequencyin which the system performs System Sessions is a System Cycle
Hi-G-Tek Ltd. Microelectronics & Asset Tracking Technology 565System Reader Session 1 System Cycle System Session Reader Session 2 Reader Session 1 Reader Session 2 System Session The following table uses: System Cycle = 15 min; Ts=21 msec; Taw=105 msecTable 5.5Number of Seals Thw Reader Session time sec Number of Retransmissions Rr Number of Windows Number of Reader Sessions Battery Life Years Total Verify duration sec 1 1 1.15 2 2 1 3.78 1.15 2 1 1.95 3 40 1 3.63 1.95 3 1 2.16 6 50 1 3.23 2.16 4 1 2.79 6 80 1 3.23 2.79 5 1 3.21 8 100 1 3.0 3.21 10 1 5.94 10 230 1 2.82 5.94 20 1 6.15 7 240 2 2.47 12.29 1 2 2.15 2 2 1 5.0 2.15 2 2 2.95 3 40 1 5.0 2.95 3 2 3.16 6 50 1 4.54 3.16 4 2 3.79 6 80 1 4.54 3.79 5 2 4.21 8 100 1 4.11 4.21 10 2 6.94 10 230 1 3.77 6.94 20 2 7.15 7 240 2 3.16 14.29 1 3 3.15 2 2 1 5.0 3.15 2 3 3.95 3 40 1 5.0 3.95 3 3 4.16 6 50 1 5.0 4.16 4 3 4.79 6 80 1 5.0 4.79 5 3 5.21 8 100 1 4.7 5.21 10 3 7.94 10 230 1 4.24 7.94 20 3 8.15 7 240 2 3.48 16.29
Hi-G-Tek Ltd. Microelectronics & Asset Tracking Technology 575System5.2. System Parameters.5.2.1. Seal Parameters.Table 5.6. describes the seal parameters. These parameters are accessible via either the Low Frequency or the High Frequency channels using the READ and WRITE PARAMETERS commands.Table 5.6: Seal Parameters# Parameter Name Parameter Code Parameter Syntax Read/Write Access Verify command bit Access order Parameter Length 1 Tag/Seal Status (Short Status) 00hex TS R 15* 1 Byte 2 Date & Time 01 hex D&T R 14* 5 Bytes 3 Seal Stamp 17 hex STMP R 5* 2 Bytes 4 # of Events 03 hex #EV R 12* 1 Byte 5 Version of firmware 06 hex VER R 9* 2 Byte 6 Long Status 07 hex LTS R 8 4 Bytes 7 Tw 31 hex TW R/W n.a 2 Bytes 8 Tp 32 hex Tp R/W n.a 2 bytes 9 ADI 13 hex ADI R/W n.a 4 Bytes 10 Department 16 hex DEP R/W 6 1 Byte 11 Tbrs 34 hex Tbrs R/W n.a 2 Bytes 12 User Data Size 42 hex UDS R n.a 2 Bytes 13 Alert Bursts Counter - Cbrs. 76 hex Cbrs R/W n.a 1 Byte 14 Alert Repetition Rate for Deep Sleep mode -Tds 77 hex Tds R/W n.a 1 Byte 15 Alert Bursts Counter for Deep Sleep mode - Cds 78 hex Cds R/W n.a 1 Byte * The above parameters are visible for Global=1 (See paragraph 5.8.3)
Table 5.7Version of Alert Bursts Rate for Deep Alert Bursts Counter for Deep 5SystemHi-G-Tek Ltd. Microelectronics & Asset Tracking Technology 58
Hi-G-Tek Ltd. Microelectronics & Asset Tracking Technology 595SystemTable 5.8a - Short StatusBit # Status Note 7 SET/TAMP (1)(2) This bit is set to 1 by the SET command and reset to 0 when a tamper event is detected. S/T 6 LB warning (2) When low voltage battery is detected this bit is set to 1. This is a warning. There is enough time to replace the seal. LBW 5 Open/Close (1)(2) Indication whether the seal wire loop is open or closed. O/C 4 Suspended SET Indication flag of suspended sleep mode of operation. SS 3 Seal Wire changed (1)(2) Indication whether the seal wire loop electrical characteristics were changed relative to SET. WRC 2 Sleep (3) Indication of deep sleep mode of operation. SL 1 General error (2)(4)(5) This flag is a logical OR of errors in the following bytes. GE 0 Spare SPR NOTES:(1) These events are defined as TAMPER events.(2) These flags will cause an alert, synchronized and unsynchronized.(3) Sleep will generate an unsynchronized burst only if this mode is activated. (4) This flag may be reset by an external RESET STATUS RF command of the flags that caused the error. (5) This flag is set once one of the flags marked with * in the LONG STATUS is set. This flag will be reset if the appropriate originator flag is reset.
Hi-G-Tek Ltd. Microelectronics & Asset Tracking Technology 605SystemTable 5.8b - Long StatusByte Bit # Status Note 7 SET/TAMP (1)(2) This bit is set to 1 at SET command and reset to 0 when a tamper event is detected. S/T 6 LB warning (2)(4) When low voltage battery is detected this bit is set to 1. This is a warning. There is enough time to replace the seal. LBW 5 Open/Close (1)(2) Indication whether the seal wire loop is open or closed. O/C 4 Suspended SET Suspended set mode of operation indication flag. SS 3 Seal Wire changed (1)(2) Indication whether the seal wire loop electrical characteristics where changed relative to SET. WRC 2 Sleep (3) Deep sleep mode of operation indication flag. SL 1 General error (2) (5) This flag is a logical OR of errors in the following bytes. GE 1 0 Spare SPR Byte Bit # Status Note 7* Life Counter 0 Flag indicating that the seal has ended its lifetime. LCO 6* RTC error Flag indicating that a problem with the Date & Time generator has occurred. RTC 5* LB error This bit is set to 1 when severe low voltage battery is detected. The seal is about to stop working and should be replaced immediately. LBE 4* DB corrupted & restored (4) Database is protected; when an error is detected and restored this bit will be set to 1. DBE 3* DB corrupted When the database cannot be restored after corruption, this bit will be set to 1. DBC 2 Lock (6) For production use. LCK 1 New Battery (4) In use for devices with replaceable batteries only. NB 2 0* Hardware error Indication of a hardware error detected. HRE
Hi-G-Tek Ltd. Microelectronics & Asset Tracking Technology 615SystemByte Bit # Status Note 7* Illegal ORG_ID (4) Indication of an attempt to contact the seal using unauthorized equipment. OID 6* Command Failed Seal’s failure to execute a command will set this flag to 1. CMF 5* Unrecognized command Seal’s failure to recognize a command will set this flag to 1. UNC 4 Spare SPR 3 Unsync Burst Mode Indication of Unsync Burst Mode of operation. BMU 2 Spare SPR 1 Spare SPR 3 0 Spare SPR Byte Bit # Status Note 7 Buffer full In the commands: Read/Write Data or Reader/Write Parameters or Read Events. If the message is too long this flag will be set to 1. BF 6 Scroll When events in the seal’s memory reach the upper portion, this flag is set to 1 SRL 5 H.F Disable Enables or disables the high frequency channel using the Reset Status command. HFD 4 ORG_ID in Burst Mode. This flag can enable or disable the ORG_ID field in a seal’s message in Burst Mode. Set and Reset is done by an appropriate RF Command (see paragraph 5.6.3.2.15) ORGB 3 Spare SPR 2 Spare SPR 1 Spare SPR 4 0 Spare SPR NOTES:(1) These events are defined as TAMPER events.(2) These events will cause an alert, synchronized and unsynchronized. (3) Sleep will generate an UNSYNCHRONIZED burst only if this mode is activated. (4) These flags may be reset by an external RESET STATUS RF command.
Hi-G-Tek Ltd. Microelectronics & Asset Tracking Technology 625System(5) This flag is set once one of the flags marked with * in the LONG STATUS is set. This flag will be reset only if the appropriate originator flag is reset.(6) For production use only.Table 5. 9: Seal Parameters: Defaults and Extreme Values.# Parameter Name Default value Minimum Value Maximum Value Unit Parameter Length 1 Tag/Seal Status - - - 1 Byte 2 Date & Time - - - 5 Bytes 3 Seal Stamp - - - 2 Byte 4 # Of Events - - - 1 Byte 5 Version of firmware - - - 2 Byte 6 Long Status - - - 4 bytes 8 Tw 3000 400 10000 0.977 ms 2 Bytes 9 ADI 00000000 - - 4 Bytes 10 Department 00 - - 1 Byte 11 Tp 10000 400 10000 0.977 ms 2 bytes 12 Tbrs 4096 1024 10240 0.977 ms 2 bytes 13 Alert Bursts Counter- Cbrs. 10 0 50 1 byte 14 Alert Repetition Rate for Deep Sleep mode-Tds 32 3 40 250 ms 1 byte 15 Alert Bursts Counter for Deep Sleep mode-Cds 5 1 50 1 byte * These flags will set the General Error flag.
Hi-G-Tek Ltd. Microelectronics & Asset Tracking Technology 635System5.2.2. Reader Parameters.Table 5.10 describes the Reader parameters. These parameters are accessible via the serial communication port.Table 5.10. Reader Parameters# Parameter Name Parameter Code Parameter Syntax Read/Write Access Parameter Length 1 Version of MCU_firmware 01 hex MVER R 2 Bytes 2 Version of S2_firmware 40 hex SVER2 R 2 Bytes 3 RSSI2 47 hex RSSI2 R 1 Byte 4 Reader ID 02 hex RID R 4 Bytes 5 ADI ch2 41 hex ADI2 R/W 4 Bytes 6 Department ch2 42 hex DEP2 R/W 1 Byte 7 Thw ch2 45 hex Thw2 R/W 2 Bytes 8 Reader Address 03 hex RADD R/W 2 Bytes 9 Transmitter Power ch2 48 hex TRPOR2 R/W 1 Byte 10 System ch2 43 hex SYS2 R/W 1 Byte 11 Mode ch2 44 hex MODE2 R/W 1 Byte 12 Thp ch2 46 hex THP2 R/W 2 Bytess NOTE: The Reader supports two channels. The RF Modem's default position is channel 2. The channel must be specified in the commands.Channel 1 is intended for future use.
Hi-G-Tek Ltd. Microelectronics & Asset Tracking Technology 645SystemTable 5.11. Description of Reader Parameters# Parameter Name Description 1 Version of MCU_firmware Provides the MCU’s firmware version number. 2 Version of S2_firmware Provide Slave’s firmware version number in channel 2. 3 RSSI ch2 Provide RSSI level in channel 2. 4 Reader ID This is the Reader’s ID. 5 ADI ch2 See table 5 6 Department ch2 See table 5 7 Thw ch2 Length of the Reader Interrogation Header This parameter should match Tw. 8 Reader Address The address of the reader on the RS-485 pary line 9 Transmitter Power ch2 Sets output transmission power. 10 System ch2 The MSB of the SYSTEM defines whether the FOOTPRINT is ON or OFF, see paragraph 5.2.6 11 Mode ch2 Bits 6&7 define the Reader’s mode of operation. See paragraph 5.5. 12 Thp ch2 Length of the Reader Interrogation Header for the Hard Wakeup command. This parameter should match Tp of the Seal.
Hi-G-Tek Ltd. Microelectronics & Asset Tracking Technology 655SystemMCU is the main board of the DataReader.S2 is the slave daughterboard in channel two in the DataReader.Table 5.12.: Reader Parameters: Default Value and Extreme Values.# Parameter Name Default value [unit] Minimum Value Maximum Value Unit Parameter length 1 Version of MCU_firmware - - - 2 Byte 2 Version of S1_firmware - - - 2 Byte 3 RSSI ch2 - - - 1 Byte 4 Reader ID - - - 4 Byte 5 ADI ch2 00000000 - - 4 Byte 6 Department ch2 00 - - 1 Byte 7 Thw ch2 997 390 9766 3.072ms 2 Byte 8 Reader Address 0000 - - 2 Byte 9 Transmitter Power ch2 65 0 100 1 Byte 10 System ch2 00 - - 1 Byte 11 Mode ch2 00 - - 1 Byte 12 Hard Wakeup 3256 390 9766 3.072ms 2 Byte
Hi-G-Tek Ltd. Microelectronics & Asset Tracking Technology 665System Thw is one of the system's most important parameters. It determines both: system response time and the seal's battery lifetime..The meaning in terms of time is: 997 X 3.072 = 3067 msec.The default value of Thw is 997 decimal where the units are 3.072 msec. Increasing Thw increases the seal battery's lifetime. On the other hand, larger Thw values increase the system's response time. This is illustrated in table 5.4 Example: Calculation of Thw for approximately 2 sec. 2000/3.072=651.042. We will select 652 as the integer.The final value of Thw is: 652 x 3.072=2003 msec.5.2.4 Calculating Tw.The difference between Thw and Tw should be a minimum of 135 msec, where Thw > Tw. A greater difference will shorten the seal battery's lifetimeAs Tw gets smaller the battery consumption gets higher.A Tw unit is 0.997 msec.The default value of Tw is 3000 decimal.The meaning in terms of time is: 3000 X 0.997 = 2929 msec.The difference between Thw and Tw for the default values is:3067 - 2929 = 138 msec.As can be seen, it is higher than the minimum 135 msec required.5.2.3. Calculating Thw.
Hi-G-Tek Ltd. Microelectronics & Asset Tracking Technology 675SystemThw - Tw = 2003 - (1873 X 0.997)=135.6 msec>135 msec!Readers Interlace Window is the window that other Readers can use in order to transmit a message during interlace mode of operation. By using this mode, all the Readers share a common set of Random Access and Alert windows. This mode is useful if system analysis shows that system response time will be improved.Since the Readers share the same response windows, the Reader Interrogation Header and the Thw of each Reader must be identical, as should be the Thw of each Reader.For k Readers, the Tiw will be:5.2.5 Calculating Thp.Calculating Thp is identical to calculating Thw. To calculate Thprefer to the appropriate Tp.Tiwj=TiwX(k-j) where j=1,,,kExample:Calculate the appropriate Tw for a Thw=2003 msec.1. Calculation of the approximate value for Tw: 2003 135=1868 msec2. Calculation of the decimal value for Tw: 1868/0.997=1873.623. Find the integer value for Tw: The integer value is 1873, lower than 1873.62 calculated in step 2, but not too small.4. Verify the calculations.
Hi-G-Tek Ltd. Microelectronics & Asset Tracking Technology 685System5.3.1. Date & TimeThe date and time are represented in Greenwich Mean Time (GMT).Bits and Bytes assignment:Byte# / B it# 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 0 0 Mi nutes / 10 Mi nutes % 10 1 Mont h %4 Hours/10 Hours % 10 2 Mont h / 4 Days/10 Days % 10 3 Years / 10 Years % 10 4 0 Seconds / 10 Seconds % 10 Minutes range is: 0 - 59.Hours range is: 0 - 23.Day range is: 1 - 31.Month's range is: 1 - 12.Year's range is: 00 - 99.Seconds range is: 0 - 59. The seconds field is relevant only for read & write parameters.5.3. Parameter's Format.Most of the parameters have a simple binary value.Some of them have a specific format.NOTE: The character "%" denotes the operation of getting theremainder.
Hi-G-Tek Ltd. Microelectronics & Asset Tracking Technology 695System5.3.2. Seal Serial Number (or TF & ID).The Seal Number is composed of 4 alpha characters and 8 decimal digits. For example: QWER85723456The ID is converted from two seperate fields. The Decimal conversion is from 28 binary value into an 8 digit value.The alpha characters are converted by using the following conversiontable. Each character is 5 bits: Binary Text 1 00001 A 2 00010 B 3 00011 C 4 00100 D 5 00101 E 6 00110 F 7 00111 G 8 01000 H 9 01001 I 10 01010 J 11 01011 K 12 01100 L 13 01101 M 14 01110 N 15 01111 O 16 10000 P 17 10001 Q 18 10010 R 19 10011 S 20 10100 T 21 10101 U 22 10110 V 23 10111 W 24 11000 X 25 11001 Y 26 11010 Z The Seal Number is composed from the TF & ID fields in the communication protocol. See Commands for further details.* All other values are illegal.
Hi-G-Tek Ltd. Microelectronics & Asset Tracking Technology5System705.3.3. ORG_ID & DEPARTMENT.ORG_ID is a 3-byte value.DEPARTMENT is the least significant byte of the ORG_ID parameter.DEPARTMENT values range from zero to 255 (or 0xFF).ORG_ID* is composed of the 2 most significant bytes of the ORG_ID parameter.ORG_I D ORG_I D* DEPARTMENT MSbyte LSbyte 5.3.4 SYSTEMSYSTEM is a parameter that defines the system characteristics.Only bit 7 is in use.Default value of bit 7 is 0.When bit 7 is set to the value of 1, the FOOTPRINT option comesinto use. This option allows some of the commands to leave the RD_ID as a footprint in the seal's memory for later tractability (see paragraph 5.4.4).5.3.5 MODE.7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 CRNC UNSYNC ABMSG N.A N.A N.A N.A N.A Carrier Sense: In some applications carrier sense should be used before bursting into the air. The Reader uses this flag to decide whether it is required or not.CRNC=0 determines the regular mode: no carrier sense.CRNC=1 determines the Reader's ability to sense the carrier. The Reader executes the RF command only after determining that the air is free.CRNC
Hi-G-Tek Ltd. Microelectronics & Asset Tracking Technology5System71 In unsynchronized commands such as Unsynchronized Alert, the Reader's receiver must be ON all the time looking for incoming messages from the seals. The Reader will set the required mode depending on the flag's value.UNSYNC=0 Synchronized mode only. UNSYNC=1 Unsynchronized mode in use, receiver should be set to on.UNSYNC Burst Messages. This flag indicates whether the alert messages will be sent following a GET Burst Message or if the Reader will burst independently with Alert Messages. BRMSG=0 determines the independent messages burst mode.BRMSG=1 indicates the GET Burst Message mode.ABMSG5.4 Seal Modes of Operation.The seal can function in several modes of operation, in accordance with the application.5.4.1. Normal Mode.In the normal mode of operation, the seal is in standby mode most of the time. When a DataTerminal starts communication, the transmitted message wakes the seal up. As explained previously, the method used to establish communication with the DataReader is different than that used for the DataTerminal. Using a pre-determined cycle, the seal wakes and performs a channel monitoring process, searching for the presence of a DataReader. The frequency of this cycle is notated as Tw. In Normal mode, any event detected by the seal will be logged in the EVENT Memory.
Hi-G-Tek Ltd. Microelectronics & Asset Tracking Technology5System725.4.2. Sleep Mode.It is recommended to use the Sleep mode when a seal is not in usein order to conserve energy. In this mode, the seal enters an extreme power-saving mode. To exit this mode, interrogate the seal using the DataTerminal or use the Hard Wakeup via the DataReader. When the seal is in Sleep mode no EVENTS will be recorded until a new SET is performed.As opposed to the Normal mode, Sleep mode is not an operative mode. 5.4.3. Alert Burst Mode.The seal should report any detected TAMPER event. The report can be in the STATUS register of a VERIFY cycle. This approach is good as long as the system's VERIFY cycle time meets the required system response time. In applications in which the System Cycle is very long and the TAMPER event is reported with a long delay, it is possible to use the Unsynchronized Alert Burst mode. This mode allows the seal to transmit a burst with a tamper message without waiting for a Reader Session. 5.4.4. Events Footprint Mode.A command issued by a Reader may be registered as an event in the Events Memory by the seal.This mode should be configured at the Reader before issuing the command. This mode is useful for tractability purposes. It is possible to track a specific Reader that performed the command by registering the Reader ID in the seal's Event Memory with each command.
Hi-G-Tek Ltd. Microelectronics & Asset Tracking Technology5System735.5.1 Carrier Sense Collision.If set to 1, the Reader will be activated by the MSB's Carrier Sense Collision Avoidance ability. This mode of operation is useful if the Reader is activated individually, without synchronization with other Readers in the same area. 5.5.2 Unsynchronized Mode.When seals are operating in Unsynchronized Alert Burst mode, the Reader's receiver must be ON at all times. This is done by setting bit 6 of the MODE parameter.5.5. Reader Modes of Operation.The Reader can work in several modes of operation. This is defined by the MODE parameter, which is a bit oriented parameter.
Hi-G-Tek Ltd. Microelectronics & Asset Tracking Technology5System745.6. System Commands.5.6.1. LSC and Reader Messages.Table 5.12: LSC Commands and Acknowledge Table:# Commands Set Command Code Comments 1 Wakeup E0 h Wakes the Readers if they are in sleep mode. 2 Execute RF cmnd 20 h Generates an appropriate command from the Reader to the tags. 3 Get Results 15 h Allows the LSC to retrieve the results received by the Reader from the tags in the event of a tag-reader session. 4 Get Status 16 h In the event of a self-contained command, the Reader will return to its current status. 5 Get Burst Message 1C h This command should be used to retrieve the alert messages received from the seals when using the alert burst mode. Alert messages originating from burst mode are not available through the regular Get Results command. 6 Reset Reader 14 h Resets a Reader. 7 Write Parameters 06 h ModifiesReader PARAMETERS. Not all parameters are accessible after the execution of a LOCK command. 8 Read Parameters 07 h Reads Reader PARAMETERS. 9 BIT 09 h Built-in Execute test 10 Sleep 08 h Places the Reader in Sleep mode of operation to save power. 11 Unsync Ack 0A h Reserved for unsynchronized responses, see table 5.2 12 Get Reader’s baud rate FF h Allows the LSC to get the Reader’s baud rate. 13 Set Reader baud rate FE h Allows the LSC to set the Reader’s baud rate. 14 Set Reader’s Address 12 h Sets Reader’s address for RS-485 usage 15 Acknowledge OK 92 h Acknowledgment of a message coming from a Reader and to get the next packet. 16 Acknowledge Failed 94 h Acknowledgment of an improper message coming from a Reader. 17 Save Command 0F h Saves one of the above commands for later execution. This command is used to synchronize readers. The following paragraph is a general description of the system commands. For a deeper insight see the following: For low-level RS-485/232 users, see chapter 6.For high-level DLL users refer to the DLL help file.
Hi-G-Tek Ltd. Microelectronics & Asset Tracking Technology5System7518 Execute Saved command 17 h Executes a command saved in the Reader. When it is used in broadcast mode, all the Readers execute the saved command simultaneously. 19 Read Channel Definitions 11 h Allows the Reader to read channel definitions. 20 Write Channe l Definitions 10 h Allows the Reader to write channel definitions. Table 5.13: Reader Message Table# Message Message Code Commen ts 1 Wakeup response - No response for WAKEUP string 2 Execute RF cmnd response 20 h 3 Get Results response 15 h 4 Get Status response 16 h 5 Get Burst Message 1C h 6 Reset Reader response 14 h 7 Write Parameters response 06 h 8 Read Parameters response 07 h 9 BIT response 09 h 10 Sleep response 08 h 11 Unsync Message 0A h When a Reader is in unsync mode the Reader may send an unsynchronized message. Such a message results from an alert message coming from a seal. 12 Get Reader’s baud rate response FF h 13 Set Reader baud rate response FE h
Hi-G-Tek Ltd. Microelectronics & Asset Tracking Technology5System7614 Set Reader’s Address response 12 h 15 Save Command response 0F h Saves one of the above commands for later execution. This command is used to synchronize readers. 16 Execute Saved command response _ This is a broadcast command. There is no response to this command. 17 Read Channel Definitions response 11 h Allows the Reader to read the definitions of a channel. 18 Wri te C hanne l Definitions response 10 h Allows the Reader to write the definitions of a channel. 5.6.2. Error Codes.Errors Error Co de Unrecognized Command 01 h MCU Error 02 h HF Modem Error 03 h Result is not ready 05 h HF Modem is not responding 06 h MCU I/O Error 07 h HF Modem BIT Error 08 h Parameter is locked 09 h Illegal Parameter Code 0A h 5.6.3. Detailed Commands.5.6.3.1. Wakeup.5.6.3.1.1. Command Transmission. Only a very short string needs to be sent by the LSC to wake a sleeping Reader. The string is detected by the hardware and wakes the Reader. This is a hardware-oriented command, therefore the format is different than all the other commands.
Hi-G-Tek Ltd. Microelectronics & Asset Tracking Technology5System775.6.3.2. Execute RF Command.5.6.3.2.1. Command Transmission. This command enables communication sessions with seals. In the data field the LSC inserts the relevant information allowing the reader to easily compile the final command string.LSC > ReaderWhere the CMND is the “execute RF command” opcode. Channel field is one of the following:Data contains the details of the RF command together with the RF command opcode.5.6.3.2.2. Verify.This command verifies the status of seals that are in the Reader's receiving zone. This is the most basic and the commonly used command in the DataSeal system. When executing the Verify command, the specific parameters for this command must be defined.The data field in the Execute RF Command will be:Code01h02hChannelChannel 1Channel 2
Hi-G-Tek Ltd. Microelectronics & Asset Tracking Technology5System78Where:Cnmd* The RF command's opcode. Tcm Duration of the calibration message window. Resolution is in units of 1024 msec. Tiw The duration of the readers interlace window. Resolution is in units of 1024 msec. Ts Duration of a slot for receiving responses from a tag or a seal. Resolution is in units of 1024 msec. Na Number of slots in the Fixed Assignment Receiving Window. Nr Number of slots in the Random Access Receiving Window. Nt Number of slots in the Alert Receiving Window. Rr Number of random retransmissions from a tag in the Random Access Receiving Window. Rt Number of random retransmissions from a tag in the Alert Receiving Window ASID A unique and random ID, assigned by the system to a specific assignment. Parameters Mask The seal's parameters bit mask which the tags and seals respond with. .Nr+Nt should be lower or equal to 255The Bit Mask should comply with table 5.14 on the following page.
Hi-G-Tek Ltd. Microelectronics & Asset Tracking Technology5System79Table 5.14: Parameter Mask5.6.3.2.3. TAMPER.Tamper is a command intended solely for interrogation of tampered Seals.The command is identical to the Verify command except for the opcode, which is 11h. Only the Seals that have detected tamper status respond. The aim of this command is to provide high priority to tampered Seals in a crowded Seal environment.5.6.3.2.4. SET. Data SET is the first command used prior to consigning a secured cargo shipment. A SET command initiates the seal process. The SET command initiates the seal process, and must be performed when applying the seal to the cargo, prior to shipment.* The length of Date & Time in Read and Write parameters is 4 bytes. See paragraph 5.3.1. Cmnd* (98h) P#/PK TF TID CRC TF TID CRC TF TID CRC 1 1 2 4 2 2 4 2 2 4 2 # of bytes
Hi-G-Tek Ltd. Microelectronics & Asset Tracking Technology5System80The Set command can be used on a number of or seals. The maximum number of seals it can be used on is 8.Where:P# The high 4 bits of the first byte in the packet serial number.PK The low 4 bits of the first byte in the packet serial of packets in the BMM string.At present the packet option is not in use. The value should be 0x11.5.6.3.2.5. Suspended SET.The Suspended Set command functions in the same way as the SET command. The only difference is that the SET command is executed immediately, while the Seal will execute the Suspended SET automatically only after the Seal wire has been plugged into the Seal. The opcode for this command is 99h. The response is the same response as the SET response but with 19h as the message type.5.6.3.2.6. Soft SET. This command has the same structure as the SET command. The difference is at the Seal level. In this command the seal marks the command as an event, but doesn't reset the events memory. The opcode for this command is 9Ah. The response is the same response as the SET response but with 1Ah as the message type.
Hi-G-Tek Ltd. Microelectronics & Asset Tracking Technology5System815.6.3.2.7. Deep Sleep.The Deep Sleep command allows battery power to be conserved when seals are in storage and not in use. 5.6.3.2.8. Hard Wakeup.Hard Wakeup is the command that should be used to wake the seal from deep sleep mode. DataData5.6.3.2.9. Start Alert Burst Mode.Seals usually operate in synchronized mode. In this mode, the Seals respond to messages from the Reader. In applications where the frequency of Reader sessions is low, the system's response time is slow. This has a positive effect on power conservation and othersystem considerations.The seal can be programmed to send an independent asynchronous alert. In this case, the response time to an alert situation will be short. Start Alert Burst Mode command can be initiated in two separate modes: Broadcast mode or Addressed mode. Data
Hi-G-Tek Ltd. Microelectronics & Asset Tracking Technology 825SystemStarting specific tags: Data5.6.3.2.10. Stop Alert Burst Mode.The Start Alert Burst mode operation can be stopped by the Stop Alert command. The command can be initiated in two separate modes: Broadcast mode or Individual Seal modeStopping all tags: DataDataDataStopping specific tags: 5.6.3.2.11. Ack Alert Burst Mode.This is to acknowledge receipt of the alert message from specificseals. The seals will stop bursting until a new alert is detected.
Hi-G-Tek Ltd. Microelectronics & Asset Tracking Technology 835System5.6.3.2.12. Read Data.Cmnd* (63h) TF TID BA Base address BL Block length 1 2 4 2 2 # of bytes DataDataDataWhere:This is the base address in the memory of the block of BA data. This is the data block length.BL5.6.3.2.13. Write DataCmnd* (68h) TF TID PK/P# BA Base address Data 1 2 4 1 2 m # of bytes PK/P# = 11h. At present the packets are fixed.5.6.3.2.14. Reset Data.Cmnd * (AAh) TF TID CRCt TF8 TID8 CRC8 1 2 4 2 2 4 2 # of bytes Seal #1 Seal #8Up to 8 seals can be reset in one cycle.
Hi-G-Tek Ltd. Microelectronics & Asset Tracking Technology 845System5.6.3.2.15. Set/Reset Status. DataDataDataOnly some of the flags can be set and reset.Bit mask marks the status bits to be reset.When the value is set to “0”, this means: “don't modify”.When the value is set to “1”, this means: “reset value to zero”.Each bit corresponds to the appropriate bit in the LTS.5.6.3.2.16. Write ParametersTF&TID=00 is for a broadcast command.PK/P# = 11h. At present the packets are fixed.5.6.3.2.17. Read Parameters.
Hi-G-Tek Ltd. Microelectronics & Asset Tracking Technology 855System5.6.3.2.18. Addressed Verify.Cmnd* (50h) TF TID Tcm Tiw ts Na Nr Nt Rr Rt ASID Parameters mask 1 2 4 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 # of bytes The following parameters are not applicable to this command: Na, Nt, Rt.DataData5.6.3.2.19. Read Events.Cmnd* (61h) TF TID EV# # EV 1 2 4 1 1 # of bytes Where is the start event sequential number.EV#is the number of events to be read from memory.#EV 5.6.3.3. Get Results.After transmission of a request to execute a command, the system should wait for a response. The Get Results command allows the retrieval of the response from the Reader. This command is carriedout at the RS-485 level.Using the DLL eliminates the need for the use of this command, asthe DLL takes care of the response. For details see the STAR CORE DLL help file.
Hi-G-Tek Ltd. Microelectronics & Asset Tracking Technology 865System5.6.3.4. Get Status.5.6.3.4.1. Command transmission.This command is used to retrieve the status of the READER.LSC > ReaderCMND(0016h) 2 # of bytes 5.6.3.4.2. Get Status Command Response.The following string is the general response.Reader > LSCMSGT(8016h) R_status 2 4 # of bytes R_STATUS field is 4 bytes.Byte A Byte B Byte C Byte D Byte A represents the status of the main motherboard MCU.The other bytes represent the RF modem status.In a general Reader response, the R-Status reply contains bytes A&B only. In command GET Status the reply contains all the R-Status bytes.Byte A:7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 UNLOCK 485 PCR PER VCCERR VBERR PMC EDC
Hi-G-Tek Ltd. Microelectronics & Asset Tracking Technology 875SystemWhere:UNLOCK485PCRPERVCCERRVBERRPMCEDCif 0 reader's parameters are locked.If 1 parameters are unlocked.If 0 reader is using the RS-232 mode for communication.If 1 reader is using the RS-485 mode for communication.2If 0 parameters in the MCU's E ROM are OK.If 1 parameters were corrupted and successfully restored.2If 0 parameters in the MCU's E ROM are OK.If 1 parameters are corrupted.if 0 internal power is OK.If 1 internal power is not OK.if 0 internal battery is OK.If 1 internal battery is not OK.If 0 program memory in the MCU is OK.If 1 program memory is corrupted.a flag indicating that a delayed command was triggered and is in process.Byte B:7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Ch1 Ch2 Ch3 Ch4 Ch1err Ch2err Ch3err Ch4err Where:Ch1 Ch2If 0 channel1 is not in use. If 1 channel1 is in use.If 0 channel2 is not in use. If 1 channel2 is in use.
Hi-G-Tek Ltd. Microelectronics & Asset Tracking Technology 885SystemCh3Ch4If 0 channel 3 is not in use.If 1 channel 3 is in use.If 0 channel 4 is not in use.If 1 channel 4 is in use.Ch1errCh2errCh3errCh4errIf 0, channel is OK.If 1, channel is defective. Details are in byte C. If byte C flags are OK, there is a communication failure with this channel.If 0, channel2 is OK.If 1, channel2 is defective. Details are in byte C. If byte C flags are OK, there is a communication failure with this channel.If 0, channel3 is OK.If 1, channel3 is defective. Details are in byte D. If byte D flags are OK, there is a communication failure with this channel.If 0, channel4 is OK.If 1, channel4 is defective. Details are in byte D. If byte D flags are OK, there is a communication failure with this channel.Bytes C&D:7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 V CCERR PMC EMC EME V CCERR PMC EMC EME For ch 1& ch3 For ch2 & ch4
Hi-G-Tek Ltd. Microelectronics & Asset Tracking Technology 895SystemVCCERRPMCEMCEMEif 0 power is OK.If 1, power is not OK.if 0 program memory in the module is OK.If 1 program memory is corrupted.2if 0 E ROM is OK.2If 1 E ROM was corrupted and restored.2if 0 E ROM is OK.2If 1 E ROM was corrupted.5.6.3.5. Get Burst Message Command5.6.3.5.1. Command transmission.This command is used to retrieve the alert messages transmitted asynchronously by seals that are in alert burst mode.LSC > ReaderSTX #B R# CMND(0 01Ch ) Channel CRC ETX 1 2 2 2 1 2 1 # of bytes Channel indicates the source channel for the results. The value is according to the table in paragraph 5.5.2.1.
Hi-G-Tek Ltd. Microelectronics & Asset Tracking Technology 905System5.6.3.5.2. Get Burst Message Command Response.The following string is the general response.Reader > LSC STX #B R# MSGT (xx1Ch ) R_status DATA CRC ETX 1 2 2 2 2 n 2 1 # of bytes channel PK P# Data* 1 1 1 m # of bytes Where:MSGT DATA PK P# Data* high byte of MSGT is according the scenario in use. The lower byte is 1C h.If the result is not ready the value of this field is 05 hex error code see Paragraph 5.4.If the result is ready the following applies.Total number of packets.Packet number sequence number.This string contains the Seal's records. This field should first be retrieved from all packets before being analyzed.Seals Records:Data*1 Data*2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Data*PK-1 Data*PK Seal record Seal record Seal record Seal record Seal record Seal record #B Data** #B Data** #B Data** #B Data** #B Data** #B Data** 1 r r r r r r
Hi-G-Tek Ltd. Microelectronics & Asset Tracking Technology 915SystemWhere:Data**2 4 1 # of bytes#B is the number of bytes for a seal record (including the #B field).Data** is the data received after executing the RF command led by TF, TID and Message Type. If no seal detected:Data*1 Seal record #B=0 1 5.6.3.6. Reset Reader.5.6.3.6.1. Command transmissionThis command is used to performa software reset to a readerReader.LSC > ReaderCMND(0014h) 2 # of bytes TF TID Message Type Resultant Data
Hi-G-Tek Ltd. Microelectronics & Asset Tracking Technology 925System5.6.3.6.2. Reset Reader Command Response.The following string is the response.Reader > LSCMSGT(xx14h) R_status 2 2 # of bytes 5.6.3.7. Write Parameters.5.6.3.7.1. Command transmission.This command enables modification of a parameter's value in the Reader. It should be clear that not all the parameters are available for modification. Table 5.2 specifies which parameters may be modified.LSC > ReaderCMND(0006h) Dat a 2 n # of bytes PAR1code value PAR2 code value PARm code value 1 i 1 k 1 l # of bytes
Hi-G-Tek Ltd. Microelectronics & Asset Tracking Technology 935SystemThe following string is the response:Reader > LSCMSGT(xx06h) R_status 2 2 # of bytes 5.6.3.8. Read Parameters.5.6.3.8.1. Command transmission.This command is to enables the reading of a parameter's value from the Reader.LSC > ReaderCMND(0007h) Data 2 n # of bytes PAR1 code PAR2 code PARm code 1 1 1 # of bytes 5.6.3.7.2. Write Parameters Command Response.
Hi-G-Tek Ltd. Microelectronics & Asset Tracking Technology 945System5.6.3.8.2. Read Parameters Command Response.5.6.3.9. BIT 5.6.3.9.1. Command Transmission The following string is the response.Reader > LSCLSC > ReaderMSGT(xx07h) R_status Data 2 2 N # of bytes value Value value i K m # of bytes 5.6.3.9.2. BIT Command Response.The following string is the response.Reader > LSCMSGT(xx09 h) R_status 2 4 # of bytes This command generates a set of built-in test procedures.CMND(0009h) 2 # of bytes
Hi-G-Tek Ltd. Microelectronics & Asset Tracking Technology 955System5.6.3.11. Unsynchronized Reader Message. 5.6.3.11.1. Message Transmission.If the Reader is in Alert Burst mode, a Burst Alert message may be transmitted. The following string will be received for each seal.Reader > LSC MSGT(800Ah) R_status Data 2 2 n # of bytes TF TID Command code Short status ORG_ID 2 4 1 1 3 # of bytes ORG_ID is an option in the response, depending on the seal's configuration.5.6.3.10. Sleep.5.6.3.10.1. Command Transmission.5.6.3.10.2. Sleep Command ResponseThis command places the Reader in sleep mode to conserve energy. The command is useful when the Reader is operating on battery power. The Reader will wake when it receives a Wakeup command.CMND(0008h) 2 # of bytes MSGT(xx08h) R_status 2 4 # of bytes LSC > ReaderReader > LSCThe following string is the response:
Hi-G-Tek Ltd. Microelectronics & Asset Tracking Technology 965System5.6.3.12. Get Reader's baud rate. 5.6.3.12.1. Command transmissionThis command forces the Reader to report its baud rate.LSC > ReaderR# (0000) CMND (0 0f f h) R_ID 2 2 4 # of bytes 5.6.3.12.2. Get Reader's Baud Rate Response.The following string is the response.Reader > LSCMSGT(80ff h) R_ID baudrate 2 4 4 # of bytes Baud rate: 2400, 4800, 9600, 19200, 384005.6.3.13. Set Reader's Baud Rate.The baud rate is interpreted as a decimal number translated into a 32 bit binary number or vise-versa.5.6.3.11.2. Message Command Ack.This is an ack issued by the host computer to the Reader is aRS-232 application.5.6.3.13.1. Command transmission.This command forces a new value for the Reader's baud rate.The actual baud rate update is done after the completion of this command and receipt of the response.LSC > ReaderCMND (00f e h) R_ID baudrate 2 4 4 # of bytes
Hi-G-Tek Ltd. Microelectronics & Asset Tracking Technology 975System5.6.3.13.2. Set Reader's Baud Rate Response.The following string is the response.Reader > LSC5.6.3.14. Set Reader's Address.5.6.3.14.1. Command Transmission.This command requests the Reader to set its address on the RS-485 party line. Reader ID is used to distinguish between Readers sharing the same communication lines. LSC > Reader5.6.3.14.2. Set Reader's Address Response.The following string is the response.Reader > LSCThe R# is with the new address.
Hi-G-Tek Ltd. Microelectronics & Asset Tracking Technology 985System.5.6.3.15. Acknowledge OK.This string is a one-way LSC string to acknowledge a positivemessage coming from the READER. In case of packets, this will acknowledge the last packet received.LSC > Reader5.6.3.16. Acknowledge Failed.This string is a one-way string to acknowledge a message indicating a problem originating from the READER.LSC > Reader5.6.3.17. Save Command.5.6.3.17.1. Command Transmission.In an application where a delayed command execution is required, the command must first be defined. This is done by saving the command in the Reader.
Hi-G-Tek Ltd. Microelectronics & Asset Tracking Technology 995SystemLSC > ReaderCMND(0008h0Fh) data 2 # of bytes phase CMND* Data* 2 2 # of bytes Where:Phase is the duration from the end of the “Execute saved command” and the time required to execute the saved command. The phase is in units of 1.024 msec.CMND* is the command code of the saved command for delayed execution.Data* is the relevant data field for the CMND*Data set to 0 clears the saved command.5.6.3.17.2. Save Command Response.The following string is the response.Reader > LSC MSGT(XX08hXX0Fh) R_status 2 2 # of bytes
Hi-G-Tek Ltd. Microelectronics & Asset Tracking Technology 1005System5.6.3.18. Execute Saved Command.5.6.3.18.1. Command Transmission.This is a broadcast command sent to all Readers.There will be no response from any Reader to this command.LSC > Reader CMND(0017h) data 2 4*k # of bytes Reader ID [1] Reader ID [2] Reader ID [k] 4 4 . . . . . . . . . . 4 # of bytes The data field details the Readers by their IDs5.6.3.18.2. Execute Saved Command Response.The following string is the response. There is no response for thiscommand.Reader > LSCSTX #B R# MSGT(XX08h) R_status CRC ETX 1 2 2 2 2 2 1 # of bytes
Hi-G-Tek Ltd. Microelectronics & Asset Tracking Technology 1015System5.6.3.19. Read Channel Definitions Command.5.6.3.19.1. Command Transmission.This command allows reading the definitions of a device.LSC > ReaderCMND(0011h) channel21# of bytes Where: is the channel number that the device is Channel connected to. Channel can be 0 to indicate the MCU, or 1,2 etc for the other channels.5.6.2.19.2. Read Channel Definitions Response.The following string is the response.Reader > LSCMSGT(XX11h) R_statusfile282 # of bytes Where:File is the data file that defines the device.
Hi-G-Tek Ltd. Microelectronics & Asset Tracking Technology 1025SystemFile structure is: Name Size [bytes] 1 Part number 16 2 Serial number 16 3 Hardware version 4 4 Production date 10 5 Production batch number 4 5 Description 32 6 Reserved 45 The file is in ASCII format.
Hi-G-Tek Ltd. Microelectronics & Asset Tracking Technology 1035System5.7. System Planning. When planning an application, attention should be paid to both system operation and topology. Application requirements and electromagnetic environment characteristics should also be taken into account.The system has 2 basic applications: Fixed Reader applications and Mobile Reader applications.The Fixed Reader applications are applications where the Readers are mounted in a fixed site. The Mobile applications are situations where the Reader is mounted on a vehicle for monitoring seals in transit.5.7.1. Electromagnetic Environment. Radio frequency communications is the basic technology used by the system. While this is a very robust method for communicating with remote devices, several issues should be considered when planning a site: - Metal walls should not be used to shield the remote devices. - Communication distance between remote devices is not a constant. - Communication distance may vary according to one or more of the following:Line of sight between devices - existence and clearance.Proximity to metal objects.Indoor or Outdoor environment.Antenna orientation between the devices. It is recommended to map the site with actual devices for proper coverage. When planning the site layout, safe margins should be taken into account to ensure proper operation at all times. Possible environmental changes should also be considered. System utilities should be used to test and verify proper and reliable operation.
Hi-G-Tek Ltd. Microelectronics & Asset Tracking Technology 1045System5.7.2. System Layout.Two aspects should be considered when dealing with system layout: 1. Radio Frequency Communication Layout.2. Line Communication RS-485 or RS-232 Layout.5.7.2.1 Radio Frequency Communication Layout. When only one Reader is in use, the previously mentioned environmental considerations are all that need be taken into account. When more then one reader is in use, it should be understood that in the same area only one Reader can communicate with the seals at the same time. Interference will be caused by more than one Reader trying to communicate with the seals in the same period in time. The Readers should be synchronized using the application software. Several Readers may operate simultaneously provided that it has previously been confirmed that they will not interfere with each other.
Hi-G-Tek Ltd. Microelectronics & Asset Tracking Technology 1055System5.7.2.2. Cellular Layout. Cellular topology should be used to ensure efficient coverage of a large area. The following drawing illustrates the concept. Readers must be properly placed to ensure there are no dead zones within the defined area. Overlaps should be as shown in the above drawing. Reader Zone is the term used to describe the area of reliable communication covered by a Reader. The Reader Zone is a CELL. As the drawing illustrates, it is extremely important that the application software controls and synchronizes the Reader's operation in order to avoid air collisions.RRRRReader ZoneRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR
Hi-G-Tek Ltd. Microelectronics & Asset Tracking Technology 1065System5.7.2.3. Reader Session Retransmissions.Probability calculations were used to estimate Reader Session retransmissions when creating System Sessions. However, it is advisable that suitable retransmissions be on hand at the application level to overcome unpredictable radio interference.The actual number of retransmissions can be either fixed or dynamic. These should be set in accordance with the application requirements and the empirically evaluated on-site electromagnetic characteristics. 5.7.2.4. Line Communication RS-485 LayoutThe connection of many Readers to a Local Site Controller (LSC) is done via the RS-485 protocol. Up to 32 Readers may be connected to one COMM Port, depending on the type of RS-485 to RS-232 converter used. Two topologies can be used:A long daisy chain connection, where all the readers are connected in one long line.A star-type connection, where the readers are split into groups and each group is connected directly to the converter.It is recommended that the second alternative be used wherever possible. A star-type connection provides redundancy in terms of connections. This alternative is also preferable from the power supply point of view, as only one power supply for the Readers is necessary. The power supply should be located near the converter. When the line is divided into segments, the voltage drop along the segments is smaller.
Hi-G-Tek Ltd. Microelectronics & Asset Tracking Technology 1075System5.8. System Segregation. When operating the system, several security and operational considerations should be taken into account:Ensure that no similar equipment belonging to another company can operate your system.Limit unauthorized access between different departments of the same company.Allow a Service Provider to supply common services to several companies. Allow access to seal subgroups within a company.5.8.1 Company Segregation by ORG_ID. ORG_ID is a unique value assigned in production to each customer. Every device supplied to that company is programmed with the ORG_ID. All communication sessions are based on a positive verification of the ORG_ID for complete match between the devices. There is no way to modify the value of the ORG_ID and only devices that comply with this request will get full service. In the event a Reader tries to communicate with a seal without appropriate ORG_ID and GLOBAL settings, the Illegal ORG_ID flag in the LONG STATUS will be set. (For information regarding the GLOBAL setting, see paragraph 5.7.3.).5.8.2. Department Isolation.The inter-department relationship works on a similar concept to that described in section 5.7.1. It is possible to isolate equipment between departments by using the DEPARTMENT parameter. The default value of DEPARTMENT is zero. When set to default settings, all the devices can communicate without any limitations.
Hi-G-Tek Ltd. Microelectronics & Asset Tracking Technology 1085System If a value has been inserted, only devices with the same DEPARTMENT value will establish communication and will get service. Different departments will have different DEPARTMENT values. Only a device with DEPARTMENT set to zero will get full access to all devices. Devices with DEPARTMENT value zero are considered supervisors. DEPARTMENT values are not factory pre-sets, and can be set by the customer.5.8.3. Common Services To Several Companies By A Service Provider. The ORG_ID setting may comprise a barrier preventing access to all devices by a Service Provider. The GLOBAL parameter is designed to allow a Service Provider to service several customers. If programmed accordingly, the GLOBAL parameter will release the VERIFY command only to a Service Provider. When the GLOBAL parameter is in use, the seal will ignore the VERIFY command except for the parameters marked with * in table 5.2.1. The GLOBAL parameter is programmed during production. It should be defined and requested in advance.5.8.4. How To Use Subgroups Of Seals In A Company. It may be convenient to the User to subgroup devices into small groups and then access them by group. The ADI parameter is used for this operation. The default value of ADI is zero. When set to default values, the ADI parameter is not in use and full access is available between all the devices. When ADI is programmed to a different value, only devices with the same ADI will communicate. The customer can program ADI on the fly.
Hi-G-Tek Ltd. Microelectronics & Asset Tracking Technology 1095System5.8.5: ORG_ID, DEPARTMENT, GLOBAL and ADI: Impact on seal's responseThe following logical statements can summarize seal response:1. Complete unmatched ORG_ID and GLOBAL is on: Seal will respond with limited VERIFY command only.2. Complete unmatched ORG_ID and GLOBAL is off: Seal will not respond.3. Complete match of ORG_ID and complete match of DEPARTMENT and complete match of ADI: Seal will respond without limitations.4. Complete match of ORG_ID and unmatched ADI: Seal will not respond.5.9. Seal Memory.Seal memory is divided into 2 sections: EVENTS MEMORY and USER DATA.5.9.1 Events Memory.This memory stores the events detected by a seal during normal operation. Memory size is 55 events.The memory has a FIFO type structure with 2 segments.The first segment can store 45 Events and is a simple FIFO buffer with the SET event at the beginning of the buffer.The second segment can store 10 Events and is a cyclic buffer with the last events detected.When this cyclic buffer is overrun, the SCROLL flag in the LONG STATUS is set.
Hi-G-Tek Ltd. Microelectronics & Asset Tracking Technology 1105System SET First segment: 45 Events Second segment: 10 Events With the passing of time, the seal detects events that have been added to the seal. These additional events may be a result of an internal procedure or an external intervention.The following table summarizes Events handled by the seal:Table 5.15.Events Event code Set 01h Seal Tampered/ Wire changed (1) 02h Low battery warning 03h Seal open or cut (1) 04h Seal close (1) 05h Soft Set 07h RTC Stopped 08h Database corrupted 09h Read 0Ah Time Changed 0Bh Suspended SET 0Ch (1) These events are considered TAMPER Events.
Hi-G-Tek Ltd. Microelectronics & Asset Tracking Technology 1115System5.9.2. User DataUSER DATA is the memory segment where free data for electronic manifests can be written and read. To use the USER DATA memory, the Write and Read Data commands should be used. Memory size is 2K.Special attention should be taken at the lower portion of the memory.The DataTerminal supports the lower portion of the USER DATAmemory. The following instructions should be maintained to ensure full compatibility between the DataReader channel and the DataTerminal channel: Memory map of the lower portion.Address 1 Byte width Address 0 UDT Version Address 1 Time & Date Address 2 Time & Date Address 3 Time & Date Address 4 Time & Date Address 5 Data . . . . . . . . . . . . Address 52 Data The value Version is the lower nibble of the address 0 and is the version of the USERDATA format. The value UDT is the upper nibble of the address 0 and is a number assigned the data base configuration by the User.Using this UDT, the system can perform an integrity check of the USERDATA in the system.
Hi-G-Tek Ltd. Microelectronics & Asset Tracking Technology 1125SystemTime & Date is the last time and date when the data was written.Time and Date occupies 4 bytes and the format is:Date and Time parameter is a counter of 4 bytes with a resolution of 1 minute.The zero value starts from the date and time: 00:00:00 01.01.2000The date and time is set to Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) in production and is stored under unlock mode.Bits and Bytes assignment:Address 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1 0 Mi nutes / 10 Mi nutes % 10 2 Mont h %4 Hours/10 Hours % 10 3 Mont h / 4 Days/10 Days % 10 4 Years / 10 Years % 10 Minutes range is: 0-59.Hours range is: 0- 23.Day range is: 1-31.Month's range is: 1-12.Year's range is: 00-99.Seconds range is: 0-59. Seconds field is relevant only for read & write parameters.From address 5 to 52 the data is according to the application design.5.10. Calculating Reader Session DurationThe total duration of a Reader Session can be calculated by using the following formula:Reader Duration=(Thw * 3 + Tbmm + 57) * 1.024 + TrwTbmm and Trw are command dependent.
Hi-G-Tek Ltd. Microelectronics & Asset Tracking Technology 1135System5.10.1. Calculating Tbmm:Verify & Tamper CommandTbmm = 10 msecAddressed Verify CommandTbmm = 13 mseca)b)c) SET, Suspended SET, Soft SET, Deep Sleep, Reset Data, Start Burst Mode, Stop Burst Mode and Acknowledge Burst Mode Commands.Tbmm = 4.5 + 4 * N msecWhere N is the number of sealsRead Data CommandTbmm = 9 msecWrite CommandTbmm = (17 + Data Size)/2 msecd)e)5.10.2. Calculating Trw:SET, SOFT SET and RESET DATA CommandsTrw = T * N * 1.024 msecsWhere T is slot duration and N is the number of seals in a list.sa)b) READ PARAMETERS, WRITE PARAMETERS, READ DATA and WRITE DATA Commands.Trw = 42 msec
Hi-G-Tek Ltd. Microelectronics & Asset Tracking Technology 1145Systemc)d)e)READ EVENTS Command:Trw = ((N + 1)/3) * 50 msecmaxWhere N is the maximal number of events.max VERIFY, TAMPER and ADDRESSED VERIFY Commands.Trw = (T + T * (N + N + N )) * 1.024 mseciws artWhere T T N N N are corresponding parameters of the iw, s, a, r, t command. START BURST MODE FOR ALL SEALS, STOP BURSTTrw = 0

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