Huace Navigation Technology A02003 GNSS receiver User Manual SY4 A02003 User Manual Rev2

Shanghai Huace Navigation Technology LTD. GNSS receiver SY4 A02003 User Manual Rev2

Contents

User Manual

SafetyInformationilCHC®N72™GNSSReferenceReceiverRevision1.0January2015
N72GNSSReferenceReceiverUserGuidePage1CopyrightCopyright2009‐2015CHC|ShanghaiHuaCeNavigationTechnologyLtd.Allrightsreserved.TheCHCaretrademarkofShanghaiHuaCeNavigationTechnologyLimited.Allothertrademarksarethepropertyoftheirrespectiveowners.TrademarksAllproductandbrandnamesmentionedinthispublicationaretrademarksoftheirrespectiveholders.SafetyWarningsTheGlobalPositioningSystem(GPS)isoperatedbytheU.S.Government,whichissolelyresponsiblefortheaccuracyandmaintenanceoftheGPSnetwork.Accuracycanalsobeaffectedbypoorsatellitegeometryandobstructions,likebuildingsandheavycanopy.FCCinterferencestatementThisequipmenthasbeendesignedtocomplywiththelimitsforaClassBdigitaldevice,pursuanttopart15oftheFCCRulesinthePortableMode.Theselimitsaredesignedtoprovidereasonableprotectionagainstharmfulinterferenceinaresidentialinstallation.Operationissubjecttothefollowingtwoconditions:(1)thisdevicemaynotcauseharmfulinterferenceand(2)thisdevicemustacceptanyinterferencereceived,includinginterferencethatmaycauseundesiredoperation.Note:THEGRANTEEISNOTRESPONSIBLEFORANYCHANGESORMODIFICATIONSNOTEXPRESSLYAPPROVEDBYTHEPARTYRESPONSIBLEFORCOMPLIANCE.SUCHMODIFICATIONSCOULDVOIDTHEUSER’SAUTHORITYTOOPERATETHEEQUIPMENTThisproducthasbeentestedandfoundtocomplywiththelimitsforPart15oftheFCCRules.Theselimitsaredesignedtoprovidereasonableprotectionagainstharmfulinterferenceinaresidentialinstallation.Thisproductgenerates,uses,andcanradiateradiofrequencyenergyand,ifnotinstalledandusedinaccordancewiththeinstructions,maycauseharmfulinterferencetoradiocommunications.However,thereisnoguaranteethatinterferencewillnotoccurinaparticularinstallation.Ifthisproductdoescauseharmfulinterferencetoradioortelevisionreception,whichcanbedeterminedbyturningtheequipmentoffandon,theuserisencouragedtotrytocorrecttheinterferencebyoneormoreofthefollowingmeasures:—Reorientorrelocatethereceivingantenna.—Increasetheseparationbetweentheequipmentandreceiver.—Connecttheequipmentintoanoutletonacircuitdifferentfromthattowhichthereceiverisconnected.—Consultthedealeroranexperiencedradio/TVtechnicianforhelp.N72GNSSReferenceReceiverUserGuide–Revision1.0January2015
N72GNSSReferenceReceiverUserGuidePage2SAFETYINFORMATIONBeforeyouuseyourCHC®N72™GNSSreferencereceiver,makesurethatyouhavereadandunderstoodallsafetyrequirements.REGULATIONSANDSAFETYThereceivercontainsaninternalwirelessmodemforcommunicatingsignalsthroughBluetooth®wirelesstechnologyorthroughanexternaldatacommunicationsradio.Regulationsregardingtheuseofthewirelessmodemvarygreatlyfromcountrytocountry.Insomecountries,theunitcanbeusedwithoutobtaininganend‐userlicense.Othercountriesrequireend‐userlicensing.Forlicensinginformation,consultyourlocalCHCdealer.BeforeoperatingaN72GNSSreferencereceiver,determineifauthorizationoralicensetooperatetheunitisrequiredinyourcountry.Itistheresponsibilityoftheend‐usertoobtainanoperator'spermitorlicenseforthereceiverforthelocationorcountryofuse.TYPEAPPROVALTypeapproval,oracceptance,coverstechnicalparametersoftheequipmentrelatedtoemissionsthatcancauseinterference.Typeapprovalisgrantedtothemanufacturerofthetransmissionequipment,independentfromtheoperationorlicensingoftheunits.Somecountrieshaveuniquetechnicalrequirementsforoperationinparticularradiomodemfrequencybands.Tocomplywiththoserequirements,CHCmayhavemodifiedyourequipmenttobegrantedTypeapproval.UnauthorizedmodificationoftheunitsvoidstheTypeapproval,thewarranty,andtheoperationallicenseoftheequipment.EXPOSURETORADIOFREQUENCYRADIATIONSafety.ExposuretoRFenergyisanimportantsafetyconsideration.TheFCChasadoptedasafetystandardforhumanexposuretoradiofrequencyelectromagneticenergyemittedbyFCCregulatedequipment.Properuseofthisradiomodemresultsinexposurebelowgovernmentlimits.Thefollowingprecautionsarerecommended: Donotoperatethetransmitterwhensomeoneis20cm(7.8inches)oftheantenna. DonotoperatethetransmitterunlessallRFconnectorsaresecureandanyopenconnectorsarecorrectlyterminated. Donotoperatetheequipmentnearelectricalblastingcapsorinan
SafetyInformationN72GNSSReferenceReceiverUserGuidePage3explosiveatmosphere. Allequipmentmustbecorrectlygroundedforsafeoperation. Allequipmentshouldbeservicedonlybyaqualifiedtechnician.BATTERYSAFETYWARNING–DonotdamagetherechargeableLithium‐ionbattery.Adamagedbatterycancauseanexplosionorfire,andcanresultinpersonalinjuryand/orpropertydamage.Topreventinjuryordamage:– Donotuseorchargethebatteryifitappearstobedamaged.Signsofdamageinclude,butarenotlimitedto,discoloration,warping,andleakingbatteryfluid.– Donotexposethebatterytofire,hightemperature,ordirectsunlight.– Donotimmersethebatteryinwater.– Donotuseorstorethebatteryinsideavehicleduringhotweather.– Donotdroporpuncturethebattery.– Donotopenthebatteryorshort‐circuititscontacts.WARNING–AvoidcontactwiththerechargeableLithium‐ionbatteryifitappearstobeleaking.Batteryfluidiscorrosive,andcontactwithitcanresultinpersonalinjuryand/orpropertydamage.Topreventinjuryordamage:– Ifthebatteryleaks,avoidcontactwiththebatteryfluid.– Ifbatteryfluidgetsintoyoureyes,immediatelyrinseyoureyeswithcleanwaterandseekmedicalattention.Donotrubyoureyes!– Ifbatteryfluidgetsontoyourskinorclothing,immediatelyusecleanwatertowashoffthebatteryfluid.WARNING–ChargeandusetherechargeableLithium‐ionbatteryonlyinstrictaccordancewiththeinstructions.Chargingorusingthebatteryinunauthorizedequipmentcancauseanexplosionorfire,andcanresultinpersonalinjuryand/orequipmentdamage.Topreventinjuryordamage:– Donotchargeorusethebatteryifitappearstobedamagedorleaking.– ChargetheLithium‐ionbatteryonlyinaCHCproductthatisspecifiedtochargeit.– Discontinuechargingabatterythatgivesoffextremeheatoraburningodor.– UsethebatteryonlyinCHCequipmentthatisspecifiedtouseit.– Usethebatteryonlyforitsintendeduseandaccordingtotheinstructionsintheproductdocumentation.
SafetyInformationN72GNSSReferenceReceiverUserGuidePage4DCPOWERSUPPLYSAFETYWARNING–WhenDCvoltageisappliedtothisreceiverthroughCOM1orCOM2(Lemoconnectors),theDCvoltagemustbelimitedtonomorethan36VDC+0%underbothnormalandsinglefaultconditions.Iftherecommendedinputvoltageisexceeded,thereceivermaypresentanelectricalhazard.WETLOCATIONSAFETYWARNING–Thisreceiverisnotintendedtobeusedinawetlocation,oralocationthatmaybecomewet,whenitispoweredbytheexternalDCpowersupply.Usethereceiverinawetlocationonlywhenoperatingitonitsowninternalbattery.WARNING–Theexternalpoweradapteranditsassociatedpowercordandplugarenotintendedtobeinstalledoutdoors,orinawetlocation.WARNING–Donotpowerthereceiverthroughexternalpowerwhenoperatinginawetenvironmentoranenvironmentthatmaybecomewet.Thepowerinputconnectionsmustbesheltered.
N72GNSSReferenceReceiverUserGuidePage5CONTENTSSafetyInformation...........................................................................................................................................2Regulationsandsafety.............................................................................................................................2Typeapproval..........................................................................................................................................2Exposuretoradiofrequencyradiation....................................................................................................2Batterysafety...........................................................................................................................................3DCpowersupplysafety...........................................................................................................................4Wetlocationsafety..................................................................................................................................41.Introduction.................................................................................................................................................71.1.Aboutthereceiver............................................................................................................................71.2.Technicalsupport..............................................................................................................................71.3.Disclaimer.........................................................................................................................................81.4.Yourcomments.................................................................................................................................82.Overview......................................................................................................................................................92.1.Receiverframework..........................................................................................................................92.1.1.Thenetworkapplianceconcept..........................................................................................102.2.Receiverservices.............................................................................................................................102.3.Receiverfeatures............................................................................................................................112.4.Useandcare...................................................................................................................................112.5.Electronicinterface.........................................................................................................................122.6.Keypadanddisplay.........................................................................................................................122.7.Rearconnectors..............................................................................................................................133.BatteriesandPower..................................................................................................................................153.1.Externalpower................................................................................................................................153.2.Batterysafety..................................................................................................................................163.3.Batteryperformance......................................................................................................................163.4.Chargingthebattery.......................................................................................................................173.5.Storingthebattery..........................................................................................................................173.6.Removingthebattery.....................................................................................................................174.SettingUptheReceiver.............................................................................................................................194.1.Guidelines.......................................................................................................................................194.1.1.Environmentalconditions....................................................................................................194.1.2.Sourcesofelectricalinterference........................................................................................194.1.3.Uninterruptablepowersupply.............................................................................................194.1.4.Lightingandsurgeprotection..............................................................................................204.1.5.Placingtheantenna.............................................................................................................204.2.Systeminstallation..........................................................................................................................214.2.1.Supportedantenna..............................................................................................................214.2.2.Systeminstallationdiagram.................................................................................................215.ConfiguringtheReceiver:KeypadandDisplay..........................................................................................235.1.Buttonfunctions.............................................................................................................................235.2.Homescreen...................................................................................................................................235.3.Statusscreens.................................................................................................................................24
N72GNSSReferenceReceiverUserGuidePage65.4.SettingupthereceiveraspartofanEthernetconfiguration.........................................................256.ConfiguringtheReceiver:OtherThanKeypadandDisplay.......................................................................266.1.ConfiguringtheEthernetsettings...................................................................................................266.2.Configuringthroughawebbrowser...............................................................................................276.2.1.Changingthesettings..........................................................................................................286.2.1.1.Statusmenu..............................................................................................................286.2.1.2.Satellitesmenu.........................................................................................................316.2.1.3.ReceiverSettingsmenu............................................................................................336.2.1.4.DataRecordingmenu...............................................................................................366.2.1.5.IOSettingsmenu.......................................................................................................406.2.1.6.GPRSmenu...............................................................................................................446.2.1.7.Radiomenu...............................................................................................................446.2.1.8.WANmenu................................................................................................................456.2.1.9.Wifimenu.................................................................................................................476.2.1.10.BluetoothSetmenu................................................................................................486.2.1.11.NetworkServicemenu...........................................................................................486.2.1.12.Firmwaremenu....................................................................................................4977.DefaultSettingandConfigurationFiles.....................................................................................................507.1.Defaultreceiversettings.................................................................................................................507.1.1.Resettingthereceivertofactorydefaults............................................................................507.1.2.Usingconfigurationfilestoduplicatereceiversettings.......................................................538.Specifications.............................................................................................................................................548.1.GNSScharacteristics.......................................................................................................................548.2.Communication..............................................................................................................................548.3.Physical...........................................................................................................................................558.4.Electrical.........................................................................................................................................558.5.General...........................................................................................................................................558.6.Datastorage....................................................................................................................................56A.UpgradingtheReceiverFirmware.............................................................................................................57A.I.TheWinFlashutility.........................................................................................................................57A.I.i.InstallingtheWinFlashutility................................................................................................57A.II.Upgradingthereceiverfirmware...................................................................................................57A.II.i.UpgradingthroughUSBport................................................................................................57A.II.ii.Upgradingthroughabrowser..............................................................................................58B.Troubleshooting.........................................................................................................................................59B.I.Receiverissues.................................................................................................................................59C.CommunicationPortsDefinition...............................................................................................................61C.I.CHCN72ReceiverCOM1(10‐PINLEMOPort)Definition...............................................................61C.II.CHCN72ReceiverCOM2(10‐PINLEMOPort)Definition..............................................................61C.III.CHCN72ReceiverDB9MaleConnectorDefinition.......................................................................62D.Glossary.....................................................................................................................................................63
N72GNSSReferenceReceiverUserGuidePage71. INTRODUCTIONTheN72GNSSReferenceReceiverUserGuidedescribeshowtosetupandusetheCHC®N72™GNSSreferencereceiver.Inthismanual,“thereceiver”referstotheN72GNSSreferencereceiverunlessotherwisestated.EvenifyouhaveusedotherGlobalNavigationSatelliteSystems(GNSS)productsbefore,CHCrecommendsthatyouspendsometimereadingthismanualtolearnaboutthespecialfeaturesofthisproduct.IfyouarenotfamiliarwithGNSS,gotowww.chcnav.comforaninteractivelookatCHCandGNSS.1.1. ABOUTTHERECEIVERTheN72GNSSreferencereceiver(“thereceiver”)isamultiple‐frequencyGNSSreceiver.ItcantrackallGPS(L1/L2/L5),GLONASS(L1/L2)andBDS(B1/B2)signals.Youcanusethefrontpanelofthereceiveroranofficecomputertoconfigurethereceiver,accessfiles,andpublishdatafilestoacompanyIntranetortotheInternet.Thereceivermakesiteasyforyoutosetupapowerful,flexible,andreliablereferencestationforcontinuousoperation.Thereceiverservesinallcommongeodeticreferencereceiverroles.ItcanbethemaincomponentinaContinuouslyOperatingReferenceStation(CORS),streamingdatatoCHCGNSSInfrastructuresoftware.Itcanalsoworkwellasacampaignreceiverpriortopermanentdeployment.ThereceivermakesanexcellentportableRTKbasestationwithitsinternalbattery.Italsohasspecializedcapabilitiesthatmakeitanexcellentreferencereceiverforscientificapplications.1.2. TECHNICALSUPPORTIfyouhaveaproblemandcannotfindtheinformationyouneedintheproductdocumentationorCHCwebsite(www.chcnav.com),contactyourlocalCHCdealerfromwhichyoupurchasedthereceiver(s).IfyouneedtocontactCHCtechnicalsupport,pleasecontactusbyemail(support@chcnav.com)orSkype(chc_support).
1.IntroductionN72GNSSReferenceReceiverUserGuidePage81.3. DISCLAIMERBeforeusingthereceiver,pleasemakesurethatyouhavereadandunderstoodthisUserGuide,aswellasthesafetyrequirements.CHCholdsnoresponsibilityforthewrongoperationbyusersandforthelossesincurredbythewrongunderstandingaboutthisUserGuide.However,CHCreservestherightstoupdateandoptimizethecontentsinthisguideregularly.PleasecontactyourlocalCHCdealerfornewinformation.1.4. YOURCOMMENTSYourfeedbackaboutthisuserguidewillhelpustoimproveitinfuturerevision.Pleaseemailyourcommentstosupport@chcnav.com.
N72GNSSReferenceReceiverUserGuidePage92. OVERVIEWThischapterintroducestheN72GNSSreferencereceiver(“thereceiver”).ThisreceivermakesiteasytosetupapowerfulandreliableContinuouslyOperatingReferenceStation(CORS)ortocollectdatafromtemporaryfieldlocations.Thereceiverisidealforthefollowinginfrastructureapplications: AspartofaGNSSInfrastructurenetworkinconjunctionwithCHCReferenceStationNetwork(CRNet)software. Aspartofapermanentreferencestationwithorwithoutsupportingsoftware. AtemporaryfieldbasestationtobroadcastRTKcorrectionsandcollectobservationsforpostprocessing.2.1. RECEIVERFRAMEWORKThereceiverintegratesthemulti‐frequencyGNSStechnologyintoaspecializedprocessingandcommunicationsframework.Thereceivercanoperateasastandalonereferencestationoritcanbeintegratedintoascalablenetwork.WithanInternetProtocol(IP)astheprimarycommunicationsmethod,youcanusepublicdomaintools,suchasawebbrowserandFTPclient,toconfigurethereceiverandaccessloggeddatafiles.NOTE‐AllreferencestotheInternetrefertoeitheraWideAreaNetwork(WAN)oraLocalAreaNetwork(LAN)connection.Thereceiveradoptsasecuredsystemthatrequiresapasswordprotectedloginforconfigurationchangesand/orfileaccess.Usethenetworkmanagementfeaturestocreateabase/roverconfigurationwithavarietyofoperatingmodes.Youcanthenenablethosemodesasnecessaryinsteadofswitchingtheglobalstateofthereceiverfromonemodetoanother.Forexample,youcanconfigureanumberofstreamingserviceswithdifferentconfigurations(suchasanycombinationofdatastream,sampleinterval)ondifferentTCPorUDPports.Toactivateoneormoremodes,opentheconnectiontothespecificport.Thisallowsmultipleclientstoaccessanygivenstreamingservice.Thesefeaturesandmanymore,shiftthemodelofaGNSSreceivertowardtheconceptofa"networkappliance".
2.OverviewN72GNSSReferenceReceiverUserGuidePage102.1.1. THENETWORKAPPLIANCECONCEPTTraditionally,aGNSSreceiverhasoneoperator.Thatpersonistheonlyuserofthereceiversotheycanchangesettingswithoutaffectingotherusers.WiththeN72GNSSreferencereceiver,anoperatorcanconfigureareceiveronce,andthenmakeitavailableasanetworkapplianceforgeneralusebyoneormoreusers(orclients).ThisnetworkapplianceconceptletsyousetupthereceivertoprovideoneormoreservicesthatoneormoreuserscanaccessthroughaLocalAreaNetwork(LAN)oraWideAreaNetwork(WAN),suchastheInternet.Oncethereceiverissetup,youneedmakeonlyminimalchanges,ifany,tothereceiverconfiguration.Whenthereceiverisoperatingasanetworkappliance,itprovidesservicestoallusersattachedtothereceiverthroughthenetwork.Differentstreamedservicesmaybeconfiguredondifferentports,forexample,withdifferingdataratesordatacombination.Toobtainaservice,theclienthasonlytoconnecttoaspecificport.Inthisway,mostusersdonotneedtocontrolthereceiver.Changingglobalsettings,suchasmasks,willaffectallusersofallservices.Thereceiverprovidesthefollowingstandardconfigurationanddataloggingservices:Use... Toperform...HTTP Allmanualandautomatedconfigurationoperationstomanagetheloggeddatafilespace.FTPRemotemanualand/orautomatedoperationstomanagetheloggeddatafileuploadpath.2.2. RECEIVERSERVICESThereceivercanprovideoneormorestreamingorqueryservicesoveraRS‐232serialportoraTCP/IPport: StreamingserviceAnyonewithauthorizedaccesscanobtainstreamedinformation,suchasGNSSmeasurementsorRTCMcorrections,withouthavingtocontrolorissuecommandstothereceiver.Theclientsimplyconnectstotheportthatisstreamingtherequiredinformation.
2.OverviewN72GNSSReferenceReceiverUserGuidePage112.3. RECEIVERFEATURES 220‐channels– GPS:L1C/A,L2C,L2E,L5– GLONASS:L1C/A,L1,L2C/A,L2P– Galileo:E1,E5A,E5B– SBAS:WAAS,EGNOS,MSAS– BDS:B1,B2 16GBinternaldataloggingstorage ExternalUSBdrivesupport Integratedbattery,providesupto17hoursoperation Integrateddisplayandkeypadforsystemconfigurationwithoutacontroller IntegratedBluetoothwirelesstechnologyforcable‐freedatatransmission Permanent/semi‐permanentandmobilequicksetupbasestationcapability Easy‐to‐useWeb‐interfacemenusystemforrapidconfigurationandstatuschecking Rugged,weatherproofconstructionwithanIP67environmentalrating ‐40°Cto+65°C(‐40°Fto+149°F)operatingtemperaturerange 12Vto36VDCinputpowerrange DatafilegeneratedinHCN IMX287processorbasedonembeddedLinux,mainfrequencyupto450MHz Eightindependentdataloggingsessionswithconfigurablememorypooling Circulatingdataloggingmethod FTPpushtoallowuploadingofloggeddatafilestoremotesites Ethernetconfigurationthroughthefrontpanel MultiplelanguagesavailablethroughtheWebinterface NTRIP(NetworkedTransportofRTCMviaInternetProtocol)client/server/castersupport2.4. USEANDCAREThisreceivercanwithstandtheroughtreatmentandtoughenvironmentthattypicallyoccursinCORSinstallation.However,itisahigh‐precisionelectronicinstrumentandshouldbetreatedwithreasonablecare.CAUTION–Operatingorstoringthereceiveroutsidethespecifiedtemperaturerangecandamageit.Formoreinformation,seeChapter8Specifications.
2.OverviewN72GNSSReferenceReceiverUserGuidePage122.5. ELECTRONICINTERFACEHigh‐powersignalsfromanearbyradioorradartransmittercanoverwhelmthereceivercircuits.Thisdoesnotharmtheinstrument,butitcanpreventthereceiverelectronicsfromfunctioningcorrectly.Avoidlocatingthereceiverorantennawithin400metersofpowerfulradar,television,orothertransmittersorGNSSantennas.Low‐powertransmitters,suchasthoseincellphonesandtwo‐wayradios,normallydonotinterferewithreceiveroperations.2.6. KEYPADANDDISPLAYFeature Description1PowerLEDShowsifthepowerisonoroff.2Buttons Usetoturnon,turnofforconfigurethereceiver.See5.1.Buttonfunctions.3DisplayThisVacuumFluorescentdisplayenablesyouviewthecurrentconfigurationsettingsofreceiverandtheoperationbyoperators.See5.3.Homescreen.1223
2.OverviewN72GNSSReferenceReceiverUserGuidePage132.7. REARCONNECTORS2.8. Connectortype Description1TNCConnecttotheGNSSantenna2SIMcardslotSIMcardisinsertedheretoconnectGPRSnetwork3USB  ConnecttoexternalUSBdriveforexternaldataloggingafterconfiguredthroughwebinterface. UpgradethereceiverfirmwarewiththeinsertedUSBdrivercontainingtherelatedupgradefileafterrestartthereceiver. Connectthereceivertoacomputertodownloadfilesfromthereceiver(asexternalstorageequipment)tothecomputer.4TNCForexternalGPRSantenna5TNCForexternalradio6DB9RS‐232serialport,9‐pinmaleconnector,fordatacommunicationwhennecessary7RJ45jack Supportslinksto10BaseT/100BaseTauto‐negotiatenetworks HTTP,TCP/IP,UDP,FTP,NTRIPCaster,NTRIPServer,NTRIPClient Simultaneouslytransmitsmultipledatastream8Lemo(10‐pin)Port1 PowerfromanexternalAC/DCpowersupply. RS‐232serialcommunicationsusinga10‐pinLemocable(CHCDataCable). Pass‐throughtothemainboardwithoutissuingthepass‐throughcommandviathisport.9Lemo(10‐pin)Port2 PowerfromanexternalAC/DCpowersupply. RS‐232serialcommunicationsusinga10‐pin143526789
2.OverviewN72GNSSReferenceReceiverUserGuidePage14Lemocable(CHCDataCable). Datastreamingtransmissionport.
N72GNSSReferenceReceiverUserGuidePage153. BATTERIESANDPOWERTheN72GNSSreferencereceiverusesaninternalrechargeableLithium‐ionbattery,whichcanbereplacedonlyatanAuthorizedCHCServiceCenter.ThereceivercanalsobepoweredbyanexternalpowersourcethatisconnectedtoeitheroftheLemoports.Theoperationaltimeprovidedbytheinternalbatterydependsonthetypeofmeasurementandoperatingconditions.Typically,theinternalbatteryprovidesupto17hoursoperation.NOTE–Allbatteryoperationaltestsarecarriedoutwithnew,fully‐chargedbatteriesatroomtemperature,trackingbothGPSandGLONASSsatelliteswhilestoringandstreamingdataat1Hz.Olderbatteries,attemperaturessignificantlyhigherorlowerthanroomtemperature,willhaveareducedperformance.Powerconsumptionincreaseswithanincreasingnumberofactivelytrackedsatellitesandwithincreasingobservationandstoragerates.3.1. EXTERNALPOWERThereceiverusesanexternalpowersourceinpreferencetoitsinternalbattery.Ifthereceiverisnotconnectedtoanexternalpowersource,oriftheexternalpowersupplyfails,theinternalbatteryisused.Thereceiver’sinternalbatterychargesonlywhentheexternalvoltageisabove11VDC.CHCrecommendsthattheappliedexternalpoweroffersbetween12VDCand36VDCandisabletosupplyatleast4Wofpowerforthelong‐terminstallationsandensuringthattheinternalbatteryischargedandreadytocompensateforpowersupplydisruptions.Whilecarryingoutstaticmeasurementsforpost‐processedcomputationsusingtheinternalmemory,ifnoexternalpowerissuppliedandtheinternalbatteryisdrained,thereceivershutsdown.Nodataislost;however,whenpowerisrestored,thereceivershouldbeconfiguredagain.WARNING–TheexternalACpoweradapteranditsassociatedpowercordandplugarenotintendedtobeinstalledoutdoors,norinawetlocation.Donotpowerthereceiverthroughexternalpowerwhenoperatinginawetenvironmentoranenvironmentthatmaybecomewet.Thepowerinputconnectionsmustbesheltered.WARNING–WhenyouapplyDCvoltagetothisproductthroughtheLemoconnector,theDCvoltagemustbelimitedto36VDC+0%underboth
3.BatteriesandPowerN72GNSSReferenceReceiverUserGuidePage16normalandsinglefaultconditions.Thisproductmaypresentanelectricalhazardiftherecommendedinputvoltageisexceeded.3.2. BATTERYSAFETYThereceiverispoweredbyarechargeableinternalLithium‐ionbattery.Chargeandusethebatteryonlyinstrictaccordancewiththefollowinginstructions.WARNING–DonotdamagetherechargeableLithium‐ionbattery.Adamagedbatterycancauseanexplosionorfire,andcanresultinpersonalinjuryand/orpropertydamage.Topreventinjuryordamage:– Donotuseorchargethebatteryifitappearstobedamaged.Signsofdamageinclude,butarenotlimitedto,discoloration,warping,andleakingbatteryfluid.– Donotexposethebatterytofire,hightemperature,ordirectsunlight.– Donotimmersethebatteryinwater.– Donotuseorstorethebatteryinsideavehicleduringhotweather.– Donotdroporpuncturethebattery.– Donotopenthebatteryorshort‐circuititscontacts.WARNING–AvoidcontactwiththerechargeableLithium‐ionbatteryifitappearstobeleaking.Batteryfluidiscorrosive,andcontactwithitcanresultinpersonalinjuryand/orpropertydamage.Topreventinjuryordamage:– Ifthebatteryleaks,avoidcontactwiththebatteryfluid.– Ifbatteryfluidgetsintoyoureyes,immediatelyrinseyoureyeswithcleanwaterandseekmedicalattention.Donotrubyoureyes!– Ifbatteryfluidgetsontoyourskinorclothing,immediatelyusecleanwatertowashoffthebatteryfluid.3.3. BATTERYPERFORMANCETooptimizebatteryperformanceandextendbatterylife: Fullychargeallnewbatteriesbeforeuse. Donotuseatextremetemperatures.Thereceiverisdesignedtooperateat‐40°Cto+65°C(‐40°Fto+149°F).However,operationattemperaturesoflessthan0°C(32°F)cancausearapiddropinbatterylife.
3.BatteriesandPowerN72GNSSReferenceReceiverUserGuidePage173.4. CHARGINGTHEBATTERYTherechargeableLithium‐ionbatteryissuppliedpartiallycharged.Chargethebatterycompletelybeforeusingitforthefirsttime.Ifthebatteryhasbeenstoredforlongerthanthreemonths,chargeitbeforeuse.Whenconnectedtoasuitablepowersource,theinternalbatterychargesfullyin10hours.WARNING–ChargeandusetherechargeableLithium‐ionbatteryonlyinstrictaccordancewiththeinstructions.Chargingorusingthebatteryinunauthorizedequipmentcancauseanexplosionorfire,andcanresultinpersonalinjuryand/orequipmentdamage.Topreventinjuryordamage:– Donotchargeorusethebatteryifitappearstobedamagedorleaking.– ChargetheLithium‐ionbatteryonlywithintheN72receiver.ThebatterycanonlyberemovedbyanauthorizedCHCServiceCenter.3.5. STORINGTHEBATTERYTheinternalLithium‐ionbatteryadoptsaself‐protectionmechanismthatprotectsthebatteryfromdischargewhenitsvoltageisbelow6Vandshutsdownthereceiver.Theinternalbatterywillbeactivatedwhenchargedbytheexternalpowersupply.Donotstorethereceiverattemperaturesoutsidetherange‐45°Cto+80°C(‐49°Fto+176°F).Theinternalbatterywillonlychargefromanexternalpowersourcethatdeliversmorethan11V,forexample,anACpoweradaptor.ThereceiverissuppliedwithamainspowersupplyunitthatrechargesthebatteryinsidethereceiverwhenitisconnectedthroughtheadaptortoeitheroftheLemoports.Whenyouusethereceiverinalong‐terminstallation,CHCrecommendsthatyouusethispowersupplyoranotherthatprovidesatleast12VDCatalltimestokeeptheinternalbatterycharged.Thiswillensurethattheinternalbatteryprovidesanuninterruptedpowersupplythatwillkeepthereceiveroperationalforupto17hoursafterapowerfailure.3.6. REMOVINGTHEBATTERYTheinternalLithium‐ionbatterymayberemovedonlyatanauthorizedCHC
3.BatteriesandPowerN72GNSSReferenceReceiverUserGuidePage18ServiceCenter.Ifthebatteryisremovedatanunauthorizedservicecenter,theremainingwarrantyontheproductwillbevoid.
N72GNSSReferenceReceiverUserGuidePage194. SETTINGUPTHERECEIVERThischapterdescribesbestpracticesforsettinguptheequipment,andoutlinestheprecautionsthatyoumusttaketoprotecttheequipment.ItalsodescribesthetypicalinstallationdiagramofreferencestationcomposedofN72GNSSreceiver,GNSSantenna,externalpowerandnetworkcable.Theantennainstallationguidelinesdescribedherearetheminimumstandards.Wheninstallingageodeticantennatogatherpreciseobservationdata,alwaysfollowrecommendedCORSinstallationpracticestothegreatestextentpossible.4.1. GUIDELINESWhenyousetupthereceiver,followtheseguidelines.4.1.1. ENVIRONMENTALCONDITIONSThereceiverhasawaterproofhousingbutyoumusttakereasonablecaretokeeptheunitdry.Toimprovetheperformanceandlong‐termreliabilityofthereceiver,donotexposethereceivertoextremeenvironmentalconditions,suchas: Water Heatgreaterthan65°C(149°F) Coldlessthan‐40°C(‐40°F) Corrosivefluidsandgases4.1.2. SOURCESOFELECTRICALINTERFERENCEDonotplacetheGNSSantennanearthefollowingsourcesofelectricalandmagneticnoise: Gasolineengines(sparkplugs) Televisionsandcomputermonitors Alternatorsandgenerators Electricmotors EquipmentwithDC‐to‐ACconverters Fluorescentlights Switchingpowersupplies Arcweldingequipment4.1.3. UNINTERRUPTABLEPOWERSUPPLYCHCrecommendsthatyouuseanuninterruptiblepowersupply(UPS)to
4.SettingUptheReceiverN72GNSSReferenceReceiverUserGuidePage20powerthereceiver.TheinternalbatterycanalsooperateasaUPSforupto17hours.AUPSprotectstheequipmentfrompowersurgesandspikes,andkeepsthereceiverrunningduringshortpoweroutages.Formoreinformation,contactyourlocalCHCdealer.4.1.4. LIGHTINGANDSURGEPROTECTIONCHCrecommendsthatyouinstalllightningprotectionequipmentatpermanentsites.Allconnectionstothereceivershouldhavesurgeprotection.Typically,theminimumprotectionshouldincludeasurgeprotectorintheantennafeedline,onthereceiver'spowersupplysystem.Ifserialdevicesareattachedtothereceiver,thoseserialconnectionsshouldalsobeprovidedwithsurgeprotection.Also,protectanycommunicationsandpowerlinesatbuildingentrypoints.Ifyouuseotherantennas,suchasaradiomodemthatdistributesreal‐timecorrectionmessages,installsurgeprotectiononthoseantennafeedsaswell.Nosurgeprotectiondevicescanofferprotectionunlesstheyareconnectedtoanexcellentgroundusingverylowimpedanceconductors.Equipmentdamagecausedbyelectricalsurgesoccursinmanypermanentinstallationseventhoughsurgeprotectionisinplace.Commonly,thisisbecausethegroundingsystemusedwasdesignedtoprotectagainstACelectricalhazardsratherthantodissipatethesudden,highcurrentsurgescausedbylightning.Pleaseconsultwithalightningprotectionexpertorresearchthetopicwhenplanningpermanentinstallations.Formoreinformation,contactyourlocalCHCdealer.4.1.5. PLACINGTHEANTENNATheantennalocationwillhaveasignificanteffectonthequalityofyourN72receiver'sperformance.Intemporarydevelopmentsitmaynotalwaysbepossibletosetuponanideallocationwithanexcellentskyview.However,wheninstallingapermanentstation,besuretoplantheantennalocationandmountingsystemcarefully.Thegeneralrequirementsfortheantennalocationandmountare: Keepthedistancefromtheobjectsthatmaycausethemultipatheffects(suchasbuildings,trees,reflectivesurface)foratleast200m(656feet) Clearskyabove10degreeselevation Awayfromelectromagnetisminterferenceregion(e.g.Microwavestation,radiotransmittingstation,highvoltagewires)atleast200m(656feet) Mounted1.5m(5feet)aboveanynearbysignalreflectors.
4.SettingUptheReceiverN72GNSSReferenceReceiverUserGuidePage21 Mountstabilitythatisnotinfluencedbythermalexpansion,windloading,orsoilexpansion/contraction.Foradditionalinformationonthistopic,researchthereferenceantennainstallationguidelinespublishedbythe: USNationalGeodeticSurvey(http://www.ngs.noaa.gov/PUBS_LIB/CORS_guidelines.pdf) InternationalGNSSService(http://igscb.jpl.nasa.gov/network/guidelines/guidelines.html)4.2. SYSTEMINSTALLATION4.2.1. SUPPORTEDANTENNAThereceiverprovidesaTNC‐typefemaleconnectorforconnectingtoanantenna.ThereceiverisintendedforusewithaCHCGeodeticGNSSantennaoraCHCGNSSChokeRingantenna.OtherGNSSantennasmayhoweverbeusedensuringthattheantennareceivetheproperGNSSfrequenciesandoperatesateither3.3Vor7.1Vwithasignalgreaterthan40dBattheantennaport.4.2.2. SYSTEMINSTALLATIONDIAGRAMThetypicalinstallationdiagramoftheCHCN72GNSSreceiverconnectedwithCHCA220GRGNSSGeodeticAntenna,externalpowersupplyandnetworkcable.CHCA220GRGNSSGeodeticAntennaCHCC220GRGNSSChokeRingAntenna
4.SettingUptheReceiverN72GNSSReferenceReceiverUserGuidePage221. InstalltheGNSSantennaattheappropriatelocation(see4.1.5.Placetheantennafortheguidelines);connecttheantennatotheTNCPlugSocketofN72viatheGNSSAntennaCable.2. PowertheN72byexternalpowersource(e.g.mainssupply)withAdapterviaCHCDataCable.A. Connectthe10‐pinLemoofCHCDataCabletoCOM1orCOM2ofN72.B. PlugthemalejackconnectorofAdapterintothefemaleconnectorofCHCDataCable.C. ConnecttwolegplugsorthreelegplugsofAdaptertothemainssupply.3. ConnectthenetworkcabletotheRJ45jackofN72tolinktheN72withnetwork.NOTE:Also,theN72canbepoweredbyexternalbatteryviaCHCDataCable.Andthepowersupplyvoltageshouldbecontrolledbetween12to36VDC.GNSSAntennaCableNetworkCableCHCA220GRGNSSGeodeticAntennaAdapterCHCDataCable
N72GNSSReferenceReceiverUserGuidePage235. CONFIGURINGTHERECEIVER:KEYPADANDDISPLAYTheN72GNSSreferencereceiverfeaturesafrontpaneluserinterfacewithakeypadandatwo‐linealphanumericdisplay(seepage14).Thisinterfaceenablesyoutoconfiguremanyofthereceiver’sfeatureswithoutusinganexternalcontrollerorcomputer.5.1. BUTTONFUNCTIONSUsethebuttonsonthefrontpaneltoturnonorturnoffthereceiverandtocheckorchangethereceiversettings.Button Name FunctionPowerTurnonorturnoffthereceiver.Whenthereceiverisonlypoweredbyinternalbattery: Toturnonthereceiver,pressandholdfor3seconds. Toturnoffthereceiver,pressandholdfor2seconds.Whenthereceiverispoweredbyexternalpowersupply: Thereceiverwillbeonwithpower. ThereceiverwillbeturnedoffbyremovingthepowersupplyfromtheCHCcable.Escape Returntothepreviousscreenorcancelchangesyoumakeonascreen.OK Advancetothenextscreenoracceptchangesyoumakeonascreen.Up Movethecursorbetweenmultiplefieldsonascreen,ormakechanges.Down Movethecursorbetweenmultiplefieldsonascreen,ormakechanges.Left Movethecursorbetweencharactersinaneditablefield.Right Movethecursorbetweencharactersinaneditablefield.5.2. HOMESCREENThisisthemainreceiverscreen.
5.ConfiguringtheReceiver:KeypadandDisplayN72GNSSReferenceReceiverUserGuidePage24TheHomescreenshows: Thenameoftheproduct. Thepositionsolution. Thenumberofsatellitesbeingtracked.Asapower‐savingfeature,thefrontpanelgoesdarkafterashortperiodofinactivity.Ifthedisplayisnotlitandthereceiverison,pressANYBUTTONtoreactivatethedisplay.5.3. STATUSSCREENSToreviewthereceiver'scurrentsettingsinthestatusscreens,pressoronthefrontpanel.Thestatusscreensshowthefollowinginformation: CurrentNetworkconnectionstate• CurrentIPaddress(editable)• CurrentIPmask(editable)• CurrentGateway(editable)• CurrentDNSServer(editable)• CurrentHTTPport(editable)• Theinternalbatterypowerremaining• Internalstoragememoryremaining• Receiverhardwareversionandsoftwareversion Receiverserialnumberandpartnumber
5.ConfiguringtheReceiver:KeypadandDisplayN72GNSSReferenceReceiverUserGuidePage255.4. SETTINGUPTHERECEIVERASPARTOFANETHERNETCONFIGURATIONUsethekeypadtosetupthereceiveraspartofanEthernetconfiguration.Pressor  tomovebetweendifferentstatusscreens,andthenpresstoentertheeditmode.1. Turnonreceiverbypressorconnectthereceiverwithexternalpowersupply.2. Pressor  tomovetoIPAddrstatusscreen.3. PresstoeditIPaddress.4. Pressor  toselectthecharactertoeditandthenpressor  tochangeit.5. Whenfinished,press ,andthenthe“SettingSuccess”messagewillappearonthedisplay.6. Followthestep2tostep5toeditIPmask,gateway,DNSserverandHTTPportintheIPMASK,Gateway,DNSServerandHTTPPORTstatusscreen,respectively.
N72GNSSReferenceReceiverUserGuidePage266. CONFIGURINGTHERECEIVER:OTHERTHANKEYPADANDDISPLAYYoucanconfiguretheN72GNSSreferencereceivertoperformawidevarietyoffunctions.Thischapterdescribestheconfigurationmethodsotherthanthefrontpaneldisplay,andexplainswhenandwhyeachmethodisused.TheWinFlashutilitydescribedinthischapterisusedprimarilytoupdatethereceiverfirmware.6.1. CONFIGURINGTHEETHERNETSETTINGSThereceiverEthernetportconnectstoanEthernetnetwork,throughwhichyoucanaccess,configure,andmonitorthereceiver.Noserialcableconnectiontothereceiverisnecessary.ThereceiverhasthefollowingEthernetsettings:• IPaddress• IPmask• Gateway• DNSserver• HTTPportThedefaultsettingfortheHTTPportis80:Thisportisnotassignedbythenetwork.HTTPport80isthestandardportforwebserversandenablesyoutoconnecttothereceiverbyenteringonlythereceiver’sIPaddressinawebbrowser.Forexample,usingport80:http://192.168.9.69Ifthereceiverissettouseaportotherthan80,youmustentertheIPaddressfollowedbytheportnumberinawebbrowser.Forexample,port9971:http://169.168.9.69:9971UserscanconfiguretheEthernetsettingsthroughthefrontpanel(see5.4.SettingupthereceiveraspartofanEthernetconfiguration)andawebserver.Touseawebserver,thereceivermustbeconnectedtoanetworkandhaveavalidEthernetconfiguration.NOTE:ThereceivershouldbeconfiguredtheEthernetsettingsthroughthefrontpanelforitsfirstconnectiontotheInternet.
6.ConfiguringtheReceiver:OtherThanKeypadandDisplayN72GNSSReferenceReceiverUserGuidePage276.2. CONFIGURINGTHROUGHAWEBBROWSERSupportedbrowsers: GoogleChrome MicrosoftInternetExplorer○Rversion10,orhigher AppleSafariToconnecttothereceiverthroughawebbrowser:1. EntertheIPaddressofthereceiverintotheaddressbarofthewebbrowser:2. Thewebbrowserpromptsyoutoenterausernameandpassword:Thedefaultloginaccountforthereceiveris: LoginAccount:admin Password:passwordNOTE:Tickremembermeoption,andthenthebrowserwillremembertheLoginAccountandPasswordyouenteredforthenexttimeyouenterthisloginscreen.3. Onceyouareloggedin,thewebpageappearsasfollows:
6.ConfiguringtheReceiver:OtherThanKeypadandDisplayN72GNSSReferenceReceiverUserGuidePage286.2.1. CHANGINGTHESETTINGSThewebinterfaceshowstheconfigurationmenusontheleftofthebrowserwindow,andthesettingontheright.Eachconfigurationmenucontainstherelatedsubmenustoconfigurethereceiverandmonitorreceiverperformance.Thissectiondescribeseachconfigurationmenu.Toviewthewebinterfaceinanotherlanguage,selectthecorrespondinglanguagenamefromthedrop‐downlistintheupperrightcorneroftheinterface.Currently,threelanguagesareavailable:6.2.1.1. StatusmenuThismenuprovidesaquicklinktoreviewthereceiver'spositioninformation,satellitestracked,runtime,currentdatalogstatus,currentoutputs,availablememory,andmore.
6.ConfiguringtheReceiver:OtherThanKeypadandDisplayN72GNSSReferenceReceiverUserGuidePage29 PositionThispageshowstherelevantpositioninformationaboutthereceiver'spositionsolutionwhichincludingtheposition,DOPvalues,satellitesusedandtracked,andthereceiverclockinformation. OperationListsseveralimportantitemstohelpyouunderstandhowthereceiverisbeingusedanditscurrentoperatingcondition.Itemsincludetheidentitiesofcurrentlytrackedsatellites,internalandexternalstorageusagerate,howlongthereceiverhasbeenoperational,stateoftheinternalbattery,powersourcestate,filesbeinglogged,anddatastreamsbeingoutput.Withthisinformation,itiseasytotellexactlywhatfunctionsthereceiverisperforming:
6.ConfiguringtheReceiver:OtherThanKeypadandDisplayN72GNSSReferenceReceiverUserGuidePage30 GooglemapTapthissubmenutoshowthelocationofthereceiveronGooglemap.
6.ConfiguringtheReceiver:OtherThanKeypadandDisplayN72GNSSReferenceReceiverUserGuidePage316.2.1.2. SatellitesmenuUsetheSatellitesmenutoviewsatellitetrackingdetailsandenable/disableGPS,SBAS,GLONASS,BDSandGalileoconstellations.Thesemenusincludetabularandgraphicaldisplaystoprovideallrequiredinformationonsatellitetrackingstatus. SatelliteTrackTableProvidesthestatusofsatellitestrackedingeneral,suchasthesatelliteID,satellitetype,attitudeangle,azimuthangle,L1SNR,L2SNR,L5SNRandenable/disablestatusofeachone. SatelliteTrackDiagramThefollowingfigureisanexampleofsatellitetrackdiagrampage.UserscandeterminethesatellitetypesandthecorrespondingSNRofL‐bandcarrierstobedisplayedinanycombination.
6.ConfiguringtheReceiver:OtherThanKeypadandDisplayN72GNSSReferenceReceiverUserGuidePage32 SkyPlotThefollowingfigureisanexampleofSkyplotpage. SatelliteSettingsInthissubmenu,userscanenable/disableGPS,SBAS,GLONASS,BDSandGalileoconstellations.
6.ConfiguringtheReceiver:OtherThanKeypadandDisplayN72GNSSReferenceReceiverUserGuidePage336.2.1.3. ReceiverSettingsmenuUsethismenutoconfiguresettingssuchastheantennatypeandheight,elevationmaskandPDOPsetting,thereferencestationcoordinates,receiverresettingandwebinterfacelanguage: IntroductionThissubmenushowsthereceiverinformationandreferencestationinformation,includingantennarelatedinformation,elevationmaskangle,referencestationworkmodeandposition,etc. AntennaParamSettingsUsethisscreentoconfigurealloftheitemsrelatingtotheGNSSantenna.Youmustenterthecorrectvaluesforallantenna‐relatedfields,asthechoicesyoumakesignificantlyaffecttheaccuracyforloggeddata
6.ConfiguringtheReceiver:OtherThanKeypadandDisplayN72GNSSReferenceReceiverUserGuidePage34andbroadcastRTKcorrectors: ReferenceStationSettingsUsethisscreentoconfiguresettingssuchasthestationcoordinates.Youmustenteraccurateinformationinthesefields,asthisdatasignificantlyaffectstheaccuracyofloggeddatafilesandbroadcastRTKcorrectors.ForReferenceStationMode:Therearethreeavailableoptions:AutoRover,AutoBaseandManualBase. AutoRover:ThereceiverwillserveasRoveraftertherestart. AutoBase:ThereceiverwillserveasBaseaftertherestart,andthenbroadcastRTKcorrectorsbasedoncoordinatesobtainedthroughsingle‐pointpositioningautomatically. ManualBase:ThereceiverwillserveasBaseaftertherestart,andthenbroadcastRTKcorrectorsbasedonthecoordinatesbeforepoweroff.
6.ConfiguringtheReceiver:OtherThanKeypadandDisplayN72GNSSReferenceReceiverUserGuidePage35ForReferenceLatitudeandReferenceLongitude:Therearemainlythreemethodstoenterthereferencecoordinatesandshownasfollows: AcquireCurrentPosition:Clickthisbuttontoacquirecurrentpositionobtainedthroughsingle‐pointpositioningautomatically. ManualInput:Manuallyinputaknowncoordinates. FromCORS:AfterlogginginCORS,thereceiverwillobtainacoordinatesbasedonfixsolution.(See6.2.1.5.IOSettingsmenuformoredetailsaboutlogginginCORS.)ForSampleforAverage:Userscandeterminethepositioninglimitandsamplingamount.Thepositioninglimitfallsintotwotypes: SingleSolutionCoordinates:Collectthecoordinatesofreceiverobtainedthroughsingle‐pointpositioning. FixedSolutionCoordinates:Onlycollectcoordinatesofreceiverbasedonfixsolution.Aftertheconfigurationofpositioninglimitandsamplingamount,clicktocarryoutsamplingandaveragingtheresultwillbeservedasthecoordinatesofcurrentpositon.Also,userscanclicktosavethecurentsettings. ReceiverResetUsethisscreentocompletelyorpartiallyresetthereceiver: Languages
6.ConfiguringtheReceiver:OtherThanKeypadandDisplayN72GNSSReferenceReceiverUserGuidePage36Usethisscreentoselectthewebinterfacelanguage:6.2.1.4. DataRecordingmenuUsetheDataLoggingmenutosetupthereceivertologstaticGNSSdataandtoviewtheloggingsettings.Youcanconfiguresettingssuchasobservablerate,recordingrate,continuouslogginglimit,andwhethertoautodeleteoldfilesifmemoryislow.ThismenualsoprovidesthecontrolsfortheFTPpushfeature: LogSettingsShowsthedataloggingstatus,internalandexternalstorageusageanddataloggingstatusofeachstoragethread.Also,userscanconfigurethedataloggingsettingsforeachstoragethread,includingrecordingname,savinglocation,storagelimit,storeformats,starttime,etc.
6.ConfiguringtheReceiver:OtherThanKeypadandDisplayN72GNSSReferenceReceiverUserGuidePage37Toopenorcloseallthestoragethreads,clickthe[ON]or[OFF]buttontotherightofLogStatusfield.NOTE–The[ON]and[OFF]buttontotherightofLogStatusfieldaretheMasterLogSwitch.EverystoragethreadcanlogdataonlywhentheMasterLogSwitchisON.AnduserscaneditthesettingsofstoragethreadsonlywhentheMasterLogSwitchisOFF.Toeditthesettingsofeachstoragethread,clickthe[Modify]buttontotherightoftherequiredstoragethread,andthentheRecordingEditscreenappears:
6.ConfiguringtheReceiver:OtherThanKeypadandDisplayN72GNSSReferenceReceiverUserGuidePage38Inthisscreen,youcansetalldataloggingparameters,anddeterminewhethertherecordingfileswillbeaffectedbytheFTPPush.Theparametersaremainlyasfollows: OnorOff:Select“Yes”or“No”todeterminewhethertologdatawhentheMasterLogSwitchisON. RecordingName:Thenameofthisstoragethread. SampleInterval:Selecttheobservableratefromthedropdownlist. StoreLocation:Determinewhethertostoreatinternalstorageorexternalstorage. StartTime:SetthestarttimeofdataloginUTC.Select“Yes”or“No”optionbelowtodeterminewhethertostartloggingfromthesettime. DurationTime:Setthetimeintervalofrecording. Storage:Setthestoragelimitofthisthread. RecycleStorage:Select“Yes”or“No”todeterminewhethertoautodeleteoldfilesifthestoragespaceisfull. StorageFormat:ThedefaultformatofrecordingfilesisHCN. FTPPush:DecidewhethertopushthestoredfilestotheFTPserverofyourchoice.ClicktosavethesettingsandbacktotheLogSettingsscreen.Also,userscanclicktoabandonthechangedsettingsandbacktoLogSettingsscreen.NOTE–todeletetherecorddata,youcanremovealltheeightrecorddatabythetotalbuttonclearallaccounts.Alsoyoucandeleteeachrecorddatabyclearbuttonundertheselectedthread.TodeletetherecordedfilesofANYstoragethread,clickthe[Clear]buttontotherightoftherequiredstoragethread.TodeletetherecordedfilesofALLstoragethreads,click[ClearAllAccounts]button. FTPPushSettingsUsethisscreentoconfigurethereceivertopushstoredfilestotheFTPserverofyourchoice.OnlyfilesthatareconfiguredtouseFTPpusharetransmitted.Click[Modify]buttontotherightoftherequiredFTPserverandtheFTPPushSettingsscreenappears:
6.ConfiguringtheReceiver:OtherThanKeypadandDisplayN72GNSSReferenceReceiverUserGuidePage39 FTPPushRecordingShowstherelatedinformationabouttherecordedfiledthatbepushed.Anduserscanclick[ClearFtpSendLog]buttonintheupperrightcornertoclearthestatusofFTPPushoperations. DataDownloadInthissubmenu,userscandownloadthedatafilesthatrecordedintheinternalstoragethroughtheinternalFTPsite.1. Clickthissubmenu,andthenthelogondialogueboxwillpromptyoutoenterausernameandpassword:ThedefaultlogonaccountfortheinternalFTPsiteis: Username:ftp Password:ftp2. Clickthedirectorynamedasrepotoviewanddownloadthefilescurrentlystoredonthereceiver:
6.ConfiguringtheReceiver:OtherThanKeypadandDisplayN72GNSSReferenceReceiverUserGuidePage403. Tofindthefileneedtobedownloaded,clickthenameofstoragethreadthedateoffilethatberecordedtheformatofthefilethenameofthetargetfile.4. Todownloadafile,left‐clickthenameofthetargetfiledownloadthefileaccordingtotheprompts.6.2.1.5. IOSettingsmenuUsetheIOSettingsmenutosetupallreceiveroutputsandinputs.ThereceivercanoutputCMR,RTCM,Rawdata,Ephemerisdata,GPGGA,GPGSV,onTCP/IP,UDP,serialport,orBluetoothports. IOSettingsThefollowingfigureshowsanexampleofthescreenthatappearswhenyouselectthissubmenu.
6.ConfiguringtheReceiver:OtherThanKeypadandDisplayN72GNSSReferenceReceiverUserGuidePage41Inthissubmenu,userscanconfigure5typesofinputandoutputsettings.1. RTKClientAfterconfiguringthesettingsofRTKclient,userscanlogonCORSorAPIS.Clickthe[Connect]buttontotherighttheIOSettingsscreenwillappearchooseoneoftheconnectionprotocolsamongtheNTRIP,APIS_BASEandAPIS_ROVERconfiguretherelatedparametersclicktologonCORSorAPIS. ConnectionProtocol:NTRIP ConnectionProtocol:APIS_BASE
6.ConfiguringtheReceiver:OtherThanKeypadandDisplayN72GNSSReferenceReceiverUserGuidePage42 ConnectionProtocol:APIS_ROVER2. TCP/UDPClientClickthe[Connect]buttontotherightofrequiredTCP/UDPClienttheIOSettingsscreenwillappearselecttheconnectionprotocolfromthedropdownlistentertheIPandPortofthetargetserverconfiguremessagesthatyouwanttooutputtothetargetserverclicktosaveandcompletetheconnection.
6.ConfiguringtheReceiver:OtherThanKeypadandDisplayN72GNSSReferenceReceiverUserGuidePage43NOTE:IfthereceiverandserverareunderthesameLocalAreaNetwork(LAN),userscanusetheIPaddressinLANoftheserverwithanyPort.However,ifthereceiverandserverareunderthetwodifferentLAN,usersshouldusethepublicIPaddressoftheserverandconfiguretheportmappingoftheserver.3. TCP/IPServerClickthe[Connect]buttontotherightofrequiredTCP/IPServertheIOSettingsscreenwillappearselectoneoftheconnectionprotocolsbetweenNTRIPandTCPconfiguretheotherrelatedparametersclicktosavethesettingsandopentheserver. ConnectionProtocol:NTRIP ConnectionProtocol:TCP
6.ConfiguringtheReceiver:OtherThanKeypadandDisplayN72GNSSReferenceReceiverUserGuidePage444. COMPortClickthe[Settings]buttontotherightofrequiredCOMPorttheSerialPortSetupscreenwillappearselectBaudRateusedtotransmitdataconfigurethemessagesthatyouwanttooutputthroughtheserialportclicktosavethesettingsandstarttotransmit.5. BluetoothClickthe[Settings]buttontotherightofBluetooththeBluetoothSetscreenwillappearconfigurethemessagesthatyouwanttotransmitthroughBluetoothclicktosavethesettingsandstarttotransmit.
6.ConfiguringtheReceiver:OtherThanKeypadandDisplayN72GNSSReferenceReceiverUserGuidePage456.2.1.6. GPRSmenuNetworkInfo:networkinfoshowspowerstatus,networkmode,connectionprotocol,signalstrength,SIMstatusanddialingstatus.Networkset：mainlytosetGPRSmodelstatus,autostart,networkmode(generallyusersselect[2G/3GAuto]),parametersettingsandsoon.6.2.1.7. RadiosettingmenuRadioInfo:showsradiotype,radiopower,OTAbaudrate,radiofrequencyandsoon.Radiosetting:tosetradiostatus,autostart,radiopower,frequencyandsoon.Whenusingwebpagesettingaloneandtheradiofunctionisrequired,usersneedtoturnonRadioStatusandAutoStart.IftheradioinIOsettingis
6.ConfiguringtheReceiver:OtherThanKeypadandDisplayN72GNSSReferenceReceiverUserGuidePage46requiredtobeused,thepremisesarealsoturningonradiostatus,settingappropriatefrequency,powerandsoon.6.2.1.8. WANmenuUsethismenutocheckandconfiguretheEthernetsettings. NetworkInfoThefollowingfigureshowsanexampleofthescreenthatappearswhenyouselectthissubmenu: NetworkSetUsethissubmenutoconfiguretherelatedparametersoftheNetwork,includingstaticIP,subnetmask,etc.
6.ConfiguringtheReceiver:OtherThanKeypadandDisplayN72GNSSReferenceReceiverUserGuidePage476.2.1.9. WifimenuUsethismenutocheckandconfiguretheWifisettings. WifiInfoThefollowingfigureshowsanexampleofthescreenthatappearswhenyouselectthissubmenu: WifiSettingsUsethissubmenutoconfiguretherelatedparametersoftheWi‐Fisettings,includingWi‐Fimode,encrypttype,password,etc.
6.ConfiguringtheReceiver:OtherThanKeypadandDisplayN72GNSSReferenceReceiverUserGuidePage486.2.1.10. BluetoothSetmenuUsethismenutoconfigureBluetoothsettings. BluetoothSetThefollowingfigureshowsanexampleofthescreenthatappearswhenyouselectthissubmenu:6.2.1.11. NetworkServicemenuUsethismenutoconfigurethereceiver’sHTTPport,andtheusernameandpasswordofinternalFTPsite. HTTP
6.ConfiguringtheReceiver:OtherThanKeypadandDisplayN72GNSSReferenceReceiverUserGuidePage49 FTPService6.2.1.12. FirmwaremenuUsethismenutocheckthecurrentfirmwareinformation,downloadthesystemlog,updatethereceiverfirmware,downloadorupdatetheconfigurationfileandregisterthereceiver. FirmwareInfoUsethissubmenutocheckthecurrentfirmwareinformation.Thefollowingfigureshowsanexampleofthefirmwareinformation. SystemLogUsethissubmenutodownloadthesystemlogofthereceiver. FirmwareUpdateUsethissubmenutoloadnewfirmwaretothereceiveracrossthenetwork.Clickthe[Browse]buttontolocatetheupgradefileclick[Confirm]buttontoconfirmtheselectedupgradingfileandstart
6.ConfiguringtheReceiver:OtherThanKeypadandDisplayN72GNSSReferenceReceiverUserGuidePage50upgrading.NOTE:Itwilltakeabout2or3minutestocompletethefirmwareupgrading. ConfigFileInthissubmenu,userscandownloadtheconfigurationfilebyclickingbuttonanddetermineasavingpathtodownloadtheconfigurationfile(.cfgfile).Also,userscanclickthe[Browse]buttontolocatetheexistingconfigurationfileclick[Confirm]buttontoconfirmtheselectedfileandstartupdating. GNSSRegistrationUsethissubmenutoregisterthereceiver.PasteorentertheregistrationcodetotheRegistrationCodefieldclick[Registration]buttontocompletetheregistration.
6.ConfiguringtheReceiver:OtherThanKeypadandDisplayN72GNSSReferenceReceiverUserGuidePage51
N72GNSSReferenceReceiverUserGuidePage527. DEFAULTSETTINGANDCONFIGURATIONFILESMostofthereceiversettingsarestoredinapplicationfiles.Thedefaultapplicationfile,Default.cfg,isstoredpermanentlyinthereceiver,andcontainsthefactorydefaultsettingsfortheN72GNSSreferencereceiver.Wheneverthereceiverisresettoitsfactorydefaults,thecurrentsettings(storedinthecurrentconfigurationfile,copy.cfg)areresettothevaluesinthedefaultapplicationfile.TheN72GNSSreferencereceiverextendstheuseofconfigurationfilestoallowsimplifiedreceiversettingduplicationinmultiplereceivers.Thisissometimesreferredtoasreceivercloningandisveryusefulwhenpreparingalargegroupofreceiversforafielddatacollectioncampaign.7.1. DEFAULTRECEIVERSETTINGSFunction  FactorydefaultvaluesSVEnable  AllSVsenabledGeneralcontrolsElevationmaskPDOPmask0°6°LemoportBaudrateFormatFlowcontrol96008‐None‐1NoneDB9portBaudrateFormatFlowcontrol96008‐None‐1NoneLogstatus  OFFDifferentialdata  OFFRawdata  OFFEphemerisdata  OFFNMEA(GPGGA,GPGSV) OFFReferencepositionLatitudeLongitudeHeight0°0’0.00000000’’0°0’0.00000000’’0.000AntennaTypeMeasureMethodHeightCHCA300GNSS2.0000(Meter)AntennaPhaseCenter7.1.1. RESETTINGTHERECEIVERTOFACTORYDEFAULTSLoginthewebpageofthereceivertapandunfoldtheReceiverResetmenutaptheReceiverResetsubmenuclickthebuttontotherightofBacktoDefaultSettingfield.
7.DefaultSettingsandApplicationFilesN72GNSSReferenceReceiverUserGuidePage537.1.2. USINGCONFIGURATIONFILESTODUPLICATERECEIVERSETTINGSTheN72GNSSreferencereceiverallowstheextensiveuseofapplicationfilesinordertoretainauniquereceiverconfiguration.Withthisreceiver,youcancreateaconfigurationfilethatincludesmostofthereceiver'suniqueconfigurationsettings.YoucanthenupdatethatconfigurationfileontooneormoreotherN72GNSSreferencereceiverstoquicklyconfigurethemtomatchthereceiverwhichcreatesthatconfigurationfile.NOTE:TheconfigurationfileincludesmostoftheconfigurationsettingsexceptIPAddress,IPMask,GatewayandDNSServer.Thisiscalledreceiverconfigurationcloningorcloning.Receivercloninggreatlyreducesthetimerequiredtopreparealargegroupofreceiversforfieldoperations.LoginthewebpageofthereceivertapandunfoldtheFirmwaremenutaptheConfigFilesubmenuclickthe[Browse]buttontolocatetheexistingconfigurationfileclick[Confirm]buttontoconfirmtheselectedfileandstartupdating.
N72GNSSReferenceReceiverUserGuidePage548. SPECIFICATIONSThischapterdescribesthespecificationsfortheN72GNSSreferencereceiver.Specificationsaresubjecttochangewithoutnotice.8.1. GNSSCHARACTERISTICSFeature SpecificationTracking 220channels– GPS:L1C/A,L2C,L2E,L5– GLONASS:L1C/A,L1P,L2C/A,L2P– SBAS:WAAS,EGNOS,MSAS– Galileo:E1,E5A,E5B– BDS:B1,B2 Pseudo‐rangemeasurementwithhigh‐precisionmulti‐correlator Verylownoisecarrierphasemeasurementswith<1mmprecisionina1HzbandwidthRealTimeKinematic(RTK)Horizontal:8mm+1ppmRMSVertical:15mm+1ppmRMSPostProcessingStaticHorizontal:2.5mm+0.5ppmRMSVertical:5mm+0.5ppmRMSInitializationtimeTypically<10sInitializationreliabilityTypically>99.9%8.2. COMMUNICATIONFeatureSpecificationRJ45JackEthernetDB9male3‐wireRS232,seeC.I.CHCN72receiverCOM1(10‐pinLEMOport)definitionfordetailsCOM1(10‐pinLEMOport)8‐wireRS232,seeC.II.CHCN72receiverCOM2(10‐pinLEMOport)definitionfordetailsCOM2(10‐pinLEMOport)9‐wireRS232,seeC.III.CHCN72receiverdb9maleconnectordefinitionfordetailsUSBportType‐AUSBreceptacle,operatesinHostmodeBluetoothFullyintegrated,fullysealed2.4GHzBluetoothwirelesstechnologyProtocolsCorrectionformats:CMR,CMR+,SCMR,RTCM2.3,3.0Observables:RT17,RT27,RTCM3.XPosition/StatusI/O:NMEA‐0183V2.30(GPGGA&GPGSV)
8.SpecificationsN72GNSSReferenceReceiverUserGuidePage558.3. PHYSICALFeature SpecificationSize265x143x68mm(10.4x5.6x2.7in)Weight2.1kg(74oz)OperatingtemperatureStoragetemperature‐40°Cto+65°C(‐40°Fto+149°F)‐45°Cto+80°C(‐49°Fto+176°F)Humidity100%condensationWaterproofanddustproofTestedtoIP67;waterprooffortemporaryimmersiontoadepthof1m(3.28ft)for30minutes;dustproofShockDesignedtosurvivea1m(3.28ft)dropontoconcrete8.4. ELECTRICALFeature SpecificationPowerconsumption4Wnominal,dependentonusersettingsInternal Integratedinternalbattery7.4V,10000mA‐hr,Lithium‐ion InternalbatterycanoperateasaUPSintheeventofexternalpowersourceoutage InternalbatterywillchargefromtheexternalpowersourcewhentheinternalbatteryisnotfullychargedExternal Powersourcesupply(Internal/External)ishotswapcapableintheeventofpowersourceremovalorcut‐off PowerinputonLemoportsis12VDCto36VDCexternalpowerinput Receiverwillautopoweronwhenconnectedtoexternalpowerwithvoltageabove11VOperationtimeoninternalbatteryUpto17hourscontinuousoperation,dependentonusersetting8.5. GENERALFeature SpecificationFrontpaneldisplay VacuumFluorescentDisplay(VFD),16charactersby2rows PowerbuttonandindicationLED Escape,OKand4arrowkeys(up,down,left,right)Receivertype GNSSreferencereceiverAntennatype CHCA220GRGNSSGeodeticantennaorCHCC220GRGNSSChokeRingantennapreferred. Othermodelssupported.
8.SpecificationsN72GNSSReferenceReceiverUserGuidePage568.6. DATASTORAGEFeatureSpecificationInternalstorage16GBExternalstorageSupportingUSBdriveorportableharddriveStoragemethod8‐threadlogging,circulatingdataloggingDataformatHCN,RINEX,originalbinarydataDatadownloadFTPpush,onlinedownload,storageonanexternalUSBdevices
N72GNSSReferenceReceiverUserGuidePage57A. UPGRADINGTHERECEIVERFIRMWAREThereceiverissuppliedwiththelatestversionofthereceiverfirmwarealreadyinstalled.Ifalaterversionofthefirmwarebecomesavailable,usetheUSBdevicetoupgradethefirmwareonyourreceiver.Forthelatestfirmwareresource,pleaseconsultyourlocalCHCdealer.Youcanalsoupgradethereceiverthroughthewebinterface.ThefirmwarefilerequiredtoupgradethereceiverthroughtheWebinterfaceislocatedinthefolderwheretheusersavesthefile.Thefiletyperequiredistheformatupdate_n72_e_vXXXXX_bYYYYMMDD.binwhereXXXXXrepresentstheversionoffirmwareandYYYYMMDDrepresentsthefirmwareencapsulationdate.A.I. THEWINFLASHUTILITYTheWinFlashutilitycommunicateswithCHCproductstoperformvariousfunctionsincluding: loadorverifyGPSsoftwareofthemainboard updateorverifythereceiveroptionsFormoreinformation,onlinehelpisalsoavailablewhenusingtheWinFlashutility.A.I.i. INSTALLINGTHEWINFLASHUTILITYYoucandownloadtheWinFlashutilityfromtheTrimblewebsite.Thisself‐extractingexecutableguidesyouthroughthesoftwareinstallationprocess.A.II. UPGRADINGTHERECEIVERFIRMWAREA.II.i. UPGRADINGTHROUGHUSBPORT1. CopythefirmwarefiletotherootdirectoryofexternalstoragedevicesuchasUSBdrive,portableharddrive.2. ConnecttheexternalstoragedevicewithreceiverthroughUSBport.3. Restartthereceiverandthenthescreenwillpromptyouwhethertoupgradethefirmware.4. PressOKbuttontoupgradethefirmware.5. Whentheupgradingiscompleted,thereceiverwillberestartedandthescreenwillpromptyouwhethertoupgradethefirmwareagain.6. Pressoneofthearrowkeystoquittheupgradingandthenremovetheexternalstoragedevice.
A.UpgradingtheReceiverFirmwareN72GNSSReferenceReceiverUserGuidePage58A.II.ii. UPGRADINGTHROUGHABROWSERPleaseconnecttothereceiverthroughawebbrowseraccordingto6.2.Configuringthroughawebbrowser,andthenreferto6.2.1.10FirmwaremenuFirmwareUpdatefordetailoperationsteps.NOTE:Afterthereceiverfirmwareupgrading,theIPinformationmaybechanged.PleaseconfirmtheIPsettingofthereceiverbeforeusingit.
N72GNSSReferenceReceiverUserGuidePage59B. TROUBLESHOOTINGUsethisappendixtoidentifyandsolvecommonproblemsthatmayoccurduringtheuseofthereceiver.PleasereadthissectionbeforeyoucontactCHCTechnicalSupport.B.I. RECEIVERISSUESThissectiondescribessomepossiblereceiverissues,possiblecauses,andhowtosolvethem.Issue Possiblecause SolutionThereceiverdoesnotturnon.Externalpoweristoolow.Checkthechargeontheexternalbatteryand,ifapplicable,checkthefuse.Internalpoweristoolow.Checkthechargeontheinternalbattery.Externalpowerisnotproperlyconnected.CheckthattheLemoconnectorisseatedcorrectlyandthatthecableissecuredtothereceiver.Checkforbrokenorbentpinsintheconnector.Faultypowercable.CheckthatyouareusingthecorrectcablefortheconnectionbetweenLemoportandexternalpowersupply.CheckthatthecorrectexternalpowersupplyisconnectedtoaparticularLemoport.Checkpinoutswithamultimetertoensureinternalwiringisintact.Receiverdoesnotlogdata.Thereceiveristrackingfewerthanfoursatellites.Waituntilthereceiverdisplayshowsthatmorethanfoursatellitesarebeingtracked.Thereceiverisnotresponding.Receiverneedsasoftreset.Turnoffthereceiverandthenturnitbackonagain.Thereferencestationreceiverisnotbroadcasting.Portsettingsbetweenreferencereceiverandradioareincorrect.ChecktheportsettingsforthereceiverbyusingtheWebinterface.Checkthattheradioportsarecorrectlysetup.Faultycablebetweenreceiverandradio.Tryadifferentcable.Examinetheportsformissingpins.Useamultimetertocheckpinouts.Nopowertoradio. Iftheradiohasitsownpowersupply,checkthechargeandconnections.ThereceiverisnotreceivingsatellitesignalsTheGNSSantennacableisloose.MakesurethattheGNSSantennacableistightlyseatedintheantennaconnectorontheGNSSantenna.Thecableisdamaged.Checkthecableforanysignsofdamage.Adamagedcablecaninhibitsignaldetectionfromtheantennaatthereceiver.
B.TroubleshootingN72GNSSReferenceReceiverUserGuidePage60TheGNSSantennaisnotinclearlineofsighttothesky.MakesurethattheGNSSantennaislocatedwithaclearviewofthesky.Restartthereceiverasalastresort(turnoffandthenturnitonagain).
N72GNSSReferenceReceiverUserGuidePage61C. COMMUNICATIONPORTSDEFINITIONC.I. CHCN72RECEIVERCOM1(10‐PINLEMOPORT)DEFINITIONPINSignalNameDescription1RXDRS232‐RX(pass‐throughtothemainboardthroughthispin)2TXDRS232‐TX(pass‐throughtothemainboardthroughthispin)3PWRExternalPowerInput(positivepole)4PWRExternalPowerInput(positivepole)5PWR,GNDExternalPowerInput(negativepole),ExternalPowerGround6PWR,GNDExternalPowerInput(negativepole),ExternalPowerGround7SignalPPSsignaloutput8NotUsed9NotUsed10SignalEVENTsignalinputC.II. CHCN72RECEIVERCOM2(10‐PINLEMOPORT)DEFINITIONPINSignalNameDescription1RXDRS232‐RX(receivedatathroughthispin)2TXDRS232‐TX(transmitdatathroughthispin)3PWRExternalPowerInput(positivepole)4PWRExternalPowerInput(positivepole)5PWR,GNDExternalPowerInput(negativepole),ExternalPowerGround
C.CommunicationPortsDefinitionN72GNSSReferenceReceiverUserGuidePage626PWR,GNDExternalPowerInput(negativepole),ExternalPowerGround7VBUSUSBdevice8DMUSBdevice9DPUSBdevice10NotUsedC.III. CHCN72RECEIVERDB9MALECONNECTORDEFINITIONPINSignalNameDescription1NotUsed2TXDRS232‐TX(transmitdatathroughthispin)3RXDRS232‐RX(receivedatathroughthispin)4NotUsed5GNDExternalPowerGround6NotUsed7NotUsed8NotUsed9NotUsed
N72GNSSReferenceReceiverUserGuidePage63D. GLOSSARYbasestation Alsocalledreferencestation.Abasestationinconstruction,isareceiverplacedataknownpointonajobsitethattracksthesamesatellitesasanRTKrover,andprovidesareal‐timedifferentialcorrectionmessagestreamthroughradiototherover,toobtaincentimeterlevelpositionsonacontinuousreal‐timebasis.Abasestationcanalsobeapartofavirtualreferencestationnetwork,oralocationatwhichGPSobservationsarecollectedoveraperiodoftime,forsubsequentpostprocessingtoobtainthemostaccuratepositionforthelocation.carrierAradiowavehavingatleastonecharacteristic(suchasfrequency,amplitude,orphase)thatcanbevariedfromaknownreferencevaluebymodulation.carrierfrequencyThefrequencyoftheunmodulatedfundamentaloutputofaradiotransmitter.TheGPSL1carrierfrequencyis1575.42MHz.carrierphaseThetimetakenfortheL1orL2carriersignalgeneratedbythesatellitetoreachtheGPSreceiver.Measuringthenumberofcarrierwavesbetweenthesatelliteandreceiverisaveryaccuratemethodofcalculatingthedistancebetweenthem.CMRCMR+CompactMeasurementRecord.Areal‐timemessageformatdevelopedbyTrimbleforbroadcastingcorrectionstootherTrimblemainboardreceivers.CMRisamoreefficientalternativetoRTCM.DGPSSeereal‐timedifferentialGPS.differentialcorrectionDifferentialcorrectionistheprocessofcorrectingGPSdatacollectedonaroverwithdatacollectedsimultaneouslyatabasestation.Becausethebasestationisonaknownlocation,anyerrorsindatacollectedatthebasestationcanbemeasured,andthenecessarycorrectionsappliedtotheroverdata.Differentialcorrectioncanbedoneinreal‐time,orafterthedatahasbeencollectedbypostprocessing.DifferentialGPSSeereal‐timedifferentialGPS.DOPDilutionofPrecision.AmeasureofthequalityofGPSpositions,basedonthegeometryofthesatellitesusedtocomputethepositions.Whensatellitesarewidelyspacedrelativetoeachother,theDOPvalueislower,andpositionaccuracyisgreater.Whensatellitesareclosetogetherinthesky,theDOPishigherandGPSpositionsmaycontainagreaterleveloferror.PDOP(PositionDOP)indicatesthethree‐dimensionalgeometryofthesatellites.OtherDOPvaluesincludeHDOP(HorizontalDOP)andVDOP(VerticalDOP),whichindicatetheaccuracyofhorizontalmeasurements(latitudeandlongitude)andverticalmeasurementsrespectively.PDOPisrelatedtoHDOPandVDOPasfollows:PDOP²=HDOP²+VDOP²dual‐frequencyGPSAtypeofreceiverthatusesbothL1andL2signalsfromGPSsatellites.Adual‐frequencyreceivercancomputemoreprecisepositionfixesoverlongerdistancesandundermoreadverseconditionsbecauseitcompensatesforionosphericdelays.EGNOSEuropeanGeostationaryNavigationOverlayService.Asatellite‐basedaugmentationsystem(SBAS)thatprovidesafree‐to‐airdifferentialcorrectionserviceforGPS.EGNOSistheEuropeanequivalentofWAAS,whichisavailableintheUnited
D.GlossaryN72GNSSReferenceReceiverUserGuidePage64States.elevationmaskTheanglebelowwhichthereceiverwillnottracksatellites.Normallysetto10degreestoavoidinterferenceproblemscausedbybuildingsandtrees,andmultipatherrors.ephemeris/ephemeridesAlistofpredicted(accurate)positionsorlocationsofsatellitesasafunctionoftime.Asetofnumericalparametersthatcanbeusedtodetermineasatellite’sposition.Availableasbroadcastephemerisoraspostprocessedpreciseephemeris.epochThemeasurementintervalofaGPSreceiver.Theepochvariesaccordingtothemeasurementtype:forreal‐timemeasurementitissetatonesecond;forpostprocessedmeasurementitcanbesettoarateofbetweenonesecondandoneminute.Forexample,ifdataismeasuredevery15seconds,loadingdatausing30‐secondepochsmeansloadingeveryalternatemeasurement.firmwareTheprograminsidethereceiverthatcontrolsreceiveroperationsandhardware.GLONASSGlobalOrbitingNavigationSatelliteSystem.GLONASSisaSovietspace‐basednavigationsystemcomparabletotheAmericanGPSsystem.Theoperationalsystemconsistsof21operationaland3non‐operationalsatellitesin3orbitplanes.GNSSGlobalNavigationSatelliteSystem.GSOFGeneralSerialOutputFormat.ATrimbleproprietarymessageformat.HDOPHorizontalDilutionofPrecision.HDOPisaDOPvaluethatindicatestheaccuracyofhorizontalmeasurements.OtherDOPvaluesincludeVDOP(verticalDOP)andPDOP(PositionDOP).UsingamaximumHDOPisidealforsituationswhereverticalprecisionisnotparticularlyimportant,andyourpositionyieldwouldbedecreasedbytheverticalcomponentofthePDOP(forexample,ifyouarecollectingdataundercanopy).L1TheprimaryL‐bandcarrierusedbyGPSsatellitestotransmitsatellitedata.L2ThesecondaryL‐bandcarrierusedbyGPSsatellitestotransmitsatellitedata.L5ThethirdL‐bandcarrierusedbyGPSsatellitestotransmitsatellitedata.L5willprovideahigherpowerlevelthantheothercarriers.Asaresult,acquiringandtrackingweaksignalswillbeeasier.MSASMTSATSatellite‐BasedAugmentationSystem.Asatellite‐basedaugmentationsystem(SBAS)thatprovidesafree‐to‐airdifferentialcorrectionserviceforGPS.MSASistheJapaneseequivalentofWAAS,whichisavailableintheUnitedStates.multi‐frequencyGPSAtypeofreceiverthatusesmultiplecarrierphasemeasurements(L1,L2,andL5)fromdifferentsatellitefrequencies.multipathInterference,similartoghostsonatelevisionscreenthatoccurswhenGPSsignalsarriveatanantennahavingtraverseddifferentpaths.Thesignaltraversingthelongerpathyieldsalargerpseudorangeestimateandincreasestheerror.Multiplepathscanarisefromreflectionsoffthegroundoroffstructuresneartheantenna.NMEANationalMarineElectronicsAssociation.NMEA0183definesthestandardforinterfacingmarineelectronicnavigationaldevices.Thisstandarddefinesanumberof'strings'referredtoasNMEAstringsthatcontainnavigationaldetailssuchaspositions.MostCHCGPSreceiverscanoutputpositionsasNMEAstrings.PDOPPositionDilutionofPrecision.PDOPisaDOPvaluethatindicatestheaccuracyof
D.GlossaryN72GNSSReferenceReceiverUserGuidePage65three‐dimensionalmeasurements.OtherDOPvaluesincludeVDOP(verticalDOP)andHDOP(HorizontalDilutionofPrecision).UsingamaximumPDOPvalueisidealforsituationswherebothverticalandhorizontalprecisionareimportant.postprocessingPostprocessingistheprocessingofsatellitedataafterithasbeencollected,inordertoeliminateerror.Thisinvolvesusingcomputersoftwaretocomparedatafromtheroverwithdatacollectedatthebasestation.real‐timedifferentialGPSAlsoknownasreal‐timedifferentialcorrectionorDGPS.Real‐timedifferentialGPSistheprocessofcorrectingGPSdataasyoucollectit.Correctionsarecalculatedatabasestationandthensenttothereceiverthrougharadiolink.Astheroverreceivesthepositionitappliesthecorrectionstogiveyouaveryaccuratepositioninthefield.Mostreal‐timedifferentialcorrectionmethodsapplycorrectionstocodephasepositions.RTKusescarrierphasemeasurements.WhileDGPSisagenericterm,itscommoninterpretationisthatitentailstheuseofsingle‐frequencycodephasedatasentfromaGPSbasestationtoaroverGPSreceivertoprovidesub‐meterpositionaccuracy.Theroverreceivercanbeatalongrange(greaterthan100km(62miles))fromthebasestation.referencestationSeebasestationroverAroverisanymobileGPSreceiverthatisusedtocollectorupdatedatainthefield,typicallyatanunknownlocation.RTCMRadioTechnicalCommissionforMaritimeServices.Acommissionestablishedtodefineadifferentialdatalinkforthereal‐timedifferentialcorrectionofrovingGPSreceivers.TherearethreeversionsofRTCMcorrectionmessages.AllCHCGPSreceiversuseVersion2protocolforsingle‐frequencyDGPStypecorrections.CarrierphasecorrectionsareavailableonVersion2,oronthenewerVersion3RTCMprotocol,whichisavailableoncertainCHCdual‐frequencyreceivers.TheVersion3RTCMprotocolismorecompactbutisnotaswidelysupportedasVersion2.RTKReal‐timekinematic.Areal‐timedifferentialGPSmethodthatusescarrierphasemeasurementsforgreateraccuracy.SBASSatellite‐BasedAugmentationSystem.SBASisbasedondifferentialGPS,butappliestowidearea(WAAS/EGNOSandMSAS)networksofreferencestations.Correctionsandadditionalinformationarebroadcastviageostationarysatellites.signal‐to‐noiseratioSNR.Thesignalstrengthofasatelliteisameasureoftheinformationcontentofthesignal,relativetothesignal’snoise.ThetypicalSNRofasatelliteat30°elevationisbetween47and50dBHz.ThequalityofaGPSpositionisdegradediftheSNRofoneormoresatellitesintheconstellationfallsbelow39.skyplotThesatelliteskyplotconfirmsreceptionofadifferentiallycorrectedGPSsignalanddisplaysthenumberofsatellitestrackedbytheGPSreceiver,aswellastheirrelativepositions.SNRSeesignal‐to‐noiseratioUTCUniversalTimeCoordinated.AtimestandardbasedonlocalsolarmeantimeattheGreenwichmeridian.VRSVirtualReferenceStation.AVRSsystemconsistsofGNSShardware,software,and
D.GlossaryN72GNSSReferenceReceiverUserGuidePage66communicationlinks.Itusesdatafromanetworkofreferencestationstoprovidecorrectionstoeachroverthataremoreaccuratethancorrectionsfromasinglebasestation.TostartusingVRScorrections,theroversendsitspositiontotheVRSserver.TheVRSserverusesthereferencestationdatatomodelsystematicerrors(suchasionosphericnoise)attheroverposition.ItthensendsRTCMorCMRcorrectionmessagesbacktotherover.WAASWideAreaAugmentationSystem.WAASwasestablishedbytheFederalAviationAdministration(FAA)forflightandapproachnavigationforcivilaviation.WAASimprovestheaccuracyandavailabilityofthebasicGPSsignalsoveritscoveragearea,whichincludesthecontinentalUnitedStatesandoutlyingpartsofCanadaandMexico.TheWAASsystemprovidescorrectiondataforvisiblesatellites.Correctionsarecomputedfromgroundstationobservationsandthenuploadedtotwogeostationarysatellites.ThisdataisthenbroadcastontheL1frequency,andistrackedusingachannelontheGPSreceiver,exactlylikeaGPSsatellite.UseWAASwhenothercorrectionsourcesareunavailable,toobtaingreateraccuracythanautonomouspositions.FormoreinformationonWAAS,refertotheFAAwebsiteathttp://gps.faa.gov.TheEGNOSserviceistheEuropeanequivalentandMSASistheJapaneseequivalentofWAAS.
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