Huawei Technologies BTS3612A-1900 CDMA Base Station User Manual Part 2

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Technical Manual
Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station
System Description
Table of Contents
Table of Contents
Chapter 1 Introduction .................................................................................................................. 1-1
1.1 Huawei CDMA2000 1X System Network Solution ............................................................ 1-1
1.1.1 BSS Brief................................................................................................................. 1-2
1.1.2 CN Brief................................................................................................................... 1-3
1.2 Position of BTS3612A in the Network ............................................................................... 1-4
Chapter 2 Product Feature ........................................................................................................... 2-1
2.1 Technical Feature .............................................................................................................. 2-1
2.2 Easy Upgrade and Expansion ........................................................................................... 2-1
2.3 Powerful Environment Adaptability .................................................................................... 2-2
2.4 Convenient Operation and Maintenance ........................................................................... 2-3
2.5 Flexible Networking Mode ................................................................................................. 2-4
2.6 Serial Products for Seamless Coverage............................................................................ 2-5
Chapter 3 Product Architecture ................................................................................................... 3-1
3.1 Cabinet Profile and Configuration...................................................................................... 3-1
3.1.1 Cabinet Profile......................................................................................................... 3-1
3.1.2 Cabinet Configuration ............................................................................................. 3-2
3.2 System Structure ............................................................................................................... 3-4
3.2.1 Baseband Subsystem ............................................................................................. 3-4
3.2.2 Radio Frequency Subsystem .................................................................................. 3-5
3.2.3 Antenna and Feeder Subsystem............................................................................. 3-5
3.2.4 Power and Environment Monitoring Subsystem ..................................................... 3-6
3.3 External Physical Interface ................................................................................................ 3-6
Chapter 4 Main Functions ............................................................................................................ 4-1
4.1 Basic Function ................................................................................................................... 4-1
4.2 Radio Network Function .................................................................................................... 4-2
4.2.1 Power Control.......................................................................................................... 4-2
4.2.2 Handoff.................................................................................................................... 4-3
4.2.3 Radio Configuration ................................................................................................ 4-4
4.2.4 Channel Configuration ............................................................................................ 4-5
4.2.5 Receiving Diversity.................................................................................................. 4-6
4.2.6 Cell Breathing.......................................................................................................... 4-6
Chapter 5 Reliability Design......................................................................................................... 5-1
5.1 System Reliability............................................................................................................... 5-1
5.2 Hardware Reliability........................................................................................................... 5-2
5.3 Software Reliability ............................................................................................................ 5-3
Technical Manual
Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station
System Description
Table of Contents
Chapter 6 Operation and Maintenance System.......................................................................... 6-1
6.1 Structure of the O&M System ............................................................................................ 6-1
6.1.1 Local O&M System ................................................................................................. 6-1
6.1.2 M2000 Mobile Network Management System ........................................................ 6-2
6.2 Operation and Maintenance Function ............................................................................... 6-3
Chapter 7 Technical Indices......................................................................................................... 7-1
7.1 Structure and Environment Indices.................................................................................... 7-1
7.2 Capacity Indices................................................................................................................. 7-2
7.3 Transmitter and Receiver Indices at 450MHz Band .......................................................... 7-2
7.4 Transmitter and Receiver Indices at 800MHz Band .......................................................... 7-3
7.5 Transmitter and Receiver Indices at 1900MHz Band ........................................................ 7-3
7.6 ODU3601C Cascading ...................................................................................................... 7-4
Appendix A Standard Compliance ..............................................................................................A-1
A.1 General Technical Specification........................................................................................A-1
A.2 Um Interface ......................................................................................................................A-1
A.3 Abis Interface.....................................................................................................................A-1
A.4 Lightning Protection...........................................................................................................A-2
A.5 Safety ................................................................................................................................A-3
A.6 EMC...................................................................................................................................A-3
A.7 Environment ......................................................................................................................A-5
Appendix B Abbreviations and Acronyms .................................................................................B-1
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Technical Manual
Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station
System Description
Chapter 1 Introduction
Chapter 1 Introduction
The mobile communication system has experienced the first generation (analog
system) and the second generation (digital system). As one of the main development
trends of the second generation, the CDMA2000 1X technology, advocated by the 3rd
Generation Partnership Project 2 (3GPP2), has been widely used for commercial
purpose.
The CDMA2000 1X technology complies with IS-95A and IS-95B standards. The
capacity of CDMA2000 1X system has increased substantially since it adopts
technologies such as reverse pilot, fast power control and transmit diversity.
This chapter first introduces the network solution of Huawei CDMA2000 1X mobile
communication system, and then the market position of Huawei outdoor BTS3612A.
1.1 Huawei CDMA2000 1X System Network Solution
The Huawei CDMA2000 1X mobile communication system comprises the Base Station
Subsystem (BSS) and the Core Network (CN). The operation and maintenance of the
system are implemented via an integrated mobile network management system.
Figure 1-1 shows the network of CDMA2000 1X system. This manual aims to introduce
the BTS product of the BSS part. Therefore, this figure details the network structure of
BSS.
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Technical Manual
Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station
System Description
Chapter 1 Introduction
Mobile Network
Management System
MS
ODU3601C
BTS3601C
Abi BSC/PCF
ODU3601C
BTS3606
A10/A11
Packet Domain
Network Equipment
Internet
/A
11
Abis
ODU3601C
A1
MS
cBTS3612
/A
A1
A3/A7
Ab
is
ODU3601C
BTS3612A
PLMN
BT S36 12A
BTS3612A
Abis
MS
Circuit Domain
Network Equipment
A1/A2
B TS36 12A
PSTN/ISDN
BSC/PCF
BTS3612A
B TS36 12A
CN
BSS
MS: Mobile Station
PLMN: Public Land Mobile Network
ISDN: Integrated Service Digital Network
BSS: Base Station Subsystem
BSC: Base Station Controller
PSTN: Public Service Telephone Network
PCF: Packet Control Function
CN: Core Network
Figure 1-1 Network structure of Huawei CDMA2000 1X system
1.1.1 BSS Brief
The BSS comprises the Base Transceiver Station (BTS), Base Station Controller
(BSC), and Packet Control Function (PCF), which is usually integrated with the BSC.
I. BTS
The BTS is mainly responsible for transmitting and receiving radio signals to achieve
the communication between the radio network and the Mobile Station (MS).
Huawei provides a series of BTS products, including:
BTS3612A: Outdoor BTS equipment developed based on the cBTS3612. The
maximum capacity of a single cabinet is 2 carriers 3 sectors.
BTS3606: Indoor BTS equipment. The maximum capacity of a single cabinet is 2
carriers 3 sectors.
cBTS3612: Indoor BTS equipment. The maximum capacity of a single cabinet is 4
carriers 3 sectors or 2 carriers 6 sectors.
BTS3601C: Outdoor one-carrier BTS equipment.
ODU3601C: Outdoor one-carrier BTS. It shares the baseband processing
resource of its upper-level BTS. It implements radio signal transmission and
reception together with the upper-level BTS.
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System Description
Chapter 1 Introduction
II. BSC/PCF
The BSC performs the following functions:
BTS control and management.
Call connection and disconnection.
Mobility management.
Power control.
Radio resource management.
The BSC provides stable and reliable radio connections for the upper-level
services through soft or hard handoff.
The PCF is used for the management of Radio-Packet (R-P) connection. As radio
resources are limited, they should be released when subscribers are not sending or
receiving information, but the Peer-Peer Protocol (PPP) connection must be
maintained. PCF isolates the radio mobility from the upper-level services through the
handoff function.
III. MS
The MS is the equipment used by the mobile subscriber. It can originate and receive
calls, and can communicate with the BTS.
1.1.2 CN Brief
The CN comprises the packet domain network and circuit domain network.
I. Equipments of packet domain network
Equipments of packet domain network include Packet Data Service Node (PDSN),
Mobile Internet Protocol Home Agent (MIP HA), Authorization, Authentication and
Accounting (AAA) and so on.
These equipments interwork with the Internet.
II. Equipments of circuit domain network
Equipments of circuit domain network include Mobile Switching Center (MSC), Home
Location Register (HLR), Gateway Mobile-services Switching Center (GMSC) and so
on.
These equipments interwork with the conventional Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN)
and Public Switched Telephone Network/Integrated Services Digital Network
(PSTN/ISDN).
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System Description
Chapter 1 Introduction
1.2 Position of BTS3612A in the Network
The BTS3612A is located between the BSC and the MS in the CDMA2000 1X mobile
communication system.
Under the control of the BSC, the BTS3612A serves as the radio transceiver equipment
of one cell or multiple logical sectors. By connecting to the BSC via the Abis interface, it
assists the BSC in managing the radio resource, radio parameter and interface resouce.
It also implements, via the Um interface, the radio transmission between the BTS and
the MS as well as related control functions.
The outdoor BTS3612A can accommodate to various climates and complex
electromagnetic environments. It features low cost, fast installation and flexible
environment adaptability. As an essential part of Huawei CDMA BTS series, it allows
the radio network to achieve seamless coverage more easily.
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System Description
Chapter 2 Product Feature
Chapter 2 Product Feature
The BTS3612A is designed with considerations of customers' requirements for service,
capacity, coverage, transmission, power supply, installation and maintenance.
2.1 Technical Feature
The BTS3612A has the following technical features:
The advanced hierarchical structure allows the smooth upgrade to CDMA2000 1X EV.
The operational mode of Channel Element (CE) pool improves the availability of the
hardware resources, and the error tolerance capabilityof the system.
The digital intermediate frequency technology enhances the signal processing
capability.
The BTS3612A supports bands of 450MHz, 800MHz and 1900MHz.
The BTS3612A can be cascaded with the ODU3601C to flexibly expand the coverage
area of radio network
2.2 Easy Upgrade and Expansion
I. Compatibility design
The BTS3612A is compatible with IS-95A/B and CDMA2000 1X, and can be upgraded
to CDMA2000 1X EV smoothly. Huawei BTS3612A saves the operator's investment
when the network is upgraded from IS-95 to CDMA2000 1X, or from CDMA2000 1X to
CDMA2000 1X EV.
II. Flexible configuration
It supports the configurations of omni cell, 3 sectors and 6 sectors. The full
configuration per cabinet is 2 carriers 3 sectors. The capacity of 4 carriers 3 sectors or
2 carriers 6 sectors can be configured as required by combining the cabinets.
III. Smooth expansion
The modular structure allows BTS3612A to be expanded simply by adding the modules.
The cabinets can be combined to achieve the capacity of more than 6 carriers.
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Chapter 2 Product Feature
2.3 Powerful Environment Adaptability
The BTS3612A is protected against wind, sand, rain, sun shine and theft. It features
excellent environment adaptability, which minimizes its environmental requirements.
I. Fully-enclosed integrated structure
The BTS3612A complies with the the IP55 (IEC 60529: Degrees of protection provided
by enclosure) in respect of waterproof and dustproof. It is up to the Class 1 protection
standard (3 classes) against moisture air, mould and salt atmosphere.
II. Wide operating temperature range
The BTS3612A is equipped with a temperature control system. Its operating
temperature ranges from -40°C through +55°C (Air conditioner type) or from -40°C
through +45°C (Heat exchanger type).
In the case of high temperature, BTS3612A dissipates heat through the temperature
control unit. In the case of low temperature, the built-in heater is started to ensure the
internal components to operate in a reliable temperature range.
III. Robust power distribution function
The BTS3612A supports 220V, 230V and 240V power supplies and single-phase or
three-phase input. The voltage ranges between 176 and 264V and frequency between
47 and 63Hz. It provides over-voltage protection upon 290V voltage.
The system is also compatible with 110, 115 and 127 AC power and single-phase or
three-phase input. The voltage ranges between 90 and 135V and frequency between
47 and 63Hz. It provides over-voltage protection upon 85V.
The built-in storage battery provides power supply in the case of AC power failure, so
as to ensure the normal operation of BTS3612A for a period of time.
The optional outdoor battery rack allows a one carrier 3 sectors system to operate for
more than 8 hours when the AC power BTS fails.
With hierarchical power supply function, the BTS3612A can promise the transmission
function of lower-level BTS in the absence of mains support.
IV. Sound lightning protection and monitoring function
The BTS3612A is equipped with reliable lightning protection facilities such as built-in
lightning protection board and external lightning protection box.
It is also furnished with comprehensive environment monitoring system that allows
remote monitoring.
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Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station
System Description
Chapter 2 Product Feature
2.4 Convenient Operation and Maintenance
The Local Maintenance Terminal (LMT) and the integrated maintenance console of the
M2000 implement the operation and maintenance function to the BTS3612A. The
following lists the maintenance functions:
I. System status monitoring
This function provides the indication for the system running status and resource status,
the configuration of local cell and logical cell, and their status indication.
II. Data configuration
The BTS3612A adopts dynamic data configuration mode, and the configured data
takes effect without resetting BTS. It also provides data backup function, batch
processing of data configuration, and the function of configuring common data for
multiple network elements.
III. Alarm handling
This function provides a series of alarm handling methods: Alarm collection, alarm
clearing, alarm querying, alarm shielding, alarm filtering and so on.
IV. Security management
The security management covers the following functions: user login authentication,
command authority restriction, confirmation of crucial operation, user group
management, timeout locking, etc.
V. Test
The BTS3612A supports both offline and online tests. The test items include board
loopback test, self-test, trunk loopback test, etc.
VI. Site monitoring
Data transmission channels are provided for monitoring devices so as to realize
centralized monitoring.
VII. Upgrade
System upgrade can be implemented through remote loading. The upgrade process is
retrievable, that is, the system can fall back to the original one when the upgrade fails.
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Chapter 2 Product Feature
VIII. Equipment operation
BTS3612A supports front operation (operations can be conducted on the facade of the
cabinet), and hot swappable baseband boards. This facilitates the maintenance,
upgrade and capacity expansion.
IX. Auto restart function
In the case of whole BTS service interruption due to power failure or transmission faults,
the BTS3612A system can restart automatically right after the faults are cleared.
X. Simulation of BSC for testing purpose
The BTS3612A can simulate the BSC for testing purpose. Call tests and system
debugging can be performed without BSC connected.
XI. Reverse maintenance function
With the reverse maintenance function, users can, from the LMT, log in to the BAM
through the network port on the BCKM to perform operation, maintenance and
management to the whole BSS.
2.5 Flexible Networking Mode
I. Transmission mode
In the BTS3612A cabinet, the standard clearance is reserved for transmission
equipment, such as microwave, High-bit-rate Digital Subscriber Link (HDSL) or
Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) system. It supports various transmission modes.
The BTS3612A supports the networking by using E1 and T1 links, and the interfaces of
Inverse Multiplexing on ATM (IMA) and User Network Interface (UNI). The multiplexing
rate on the Abis interface is greatly increased.
II. Networking mode
The BTS3612A supports networking modes in chain, star and tree topologies. It can
also share the transmission network with other Network Elements (NEs) over the
Fractional ATM.
III. Clock source
The BTS3612A supports the Global Position System (GPS) clock, the Global
Navigation Satellite System (GLONASS) clock and other external clock sources. Thus,
it can adapt to various networking situations.
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Chapter 2 Product Feature
In case of the loss of external clock source signal, the BTS3612A can still keep clock
synchronization for 24 hours.
2.6 Serial Products for Seamless Coverage
Huawei provides a series of BTS products to enable a seamless coverage for urban,
suburb, and rural area, high way and hot area. Table 2-1 shows the application of
various BTS products.
Table 2-1 Application comparison between serial BTS products
Product
Max. sector
carrier per Capacity
cabinet
Application
Type
cBTS3612
12
Large
Highly populated area and city.
BTS3606
Medium
Medium and small cities, towns. Low
Indoor
requirement for equipment room.
BTS3612A
Medium
Outdoor, heavy traffic and limited
equipment room space
Outdoor
BTS3601C
Small
Indoor, underground, highway and
railroad.
Outdoor (also applicable
to the indoor condition)
ODU3601C 1
Small
Indoor, underground, highway and
railroad.
Outdoor (also applicable
to the indoor condition)
2-5
Indoor
Technical Manual
Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station
System Description
Chapter 3 Product Architecture
Chapter 3 Product Architecture
3.1 Cabinet Profile and Configuration
3.1.1 Cabinet Profile
I. Cabinet appearance
The BTS3612A cabinet conforms to the IEC297 standard. The external dimensions are:
1700mm×1200mm×1000mm (Height×Width×Depth). Its appearance is as shown in
Figure 3-1.
Figure 3-1 BTS3612A cabinet
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Chapter 3 Product Architecture
II. Cabinet feature
The BTS3612A cabinet features:
Fully-enclosed integrated structure and powerful environment adaptability
Light weight owing to its aluminum alloy materials.
Excellent electrical conductivity and shielding effect.
Good ventilation effect owing to the well-designed air ducts.
Convenient installation and maintenance.
Nice appearance.
3.1.2 Cabinet Configuration
The BTS3612A cabinet is show in Figure 3-2.
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Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station
Air exhaust
vent
Air exhaust
vent
Secondary power
switch box
Air exhaust
vent
System Description
Chapter 3 Product Architecture
Reserved space
for transmission
equipment
B B
CC
I P
MM
Air exhaust
vent
B B
CC
P K
MM
B B
RR
DD
MM
Cable trough
Fiber
management
tray
E1/SDH lightning
protection board
Secondary power
switch box
PSU
PSU
PSU
(DC/DC)
(DC/DC)
(DC/DC)
Fan box
Air intake vent
Synchronous
antenna feeder
arrester
DFU/DDU/CDU2
DFU/DDU/CDU1
PSU
PSU
PSU PSU
PSU
(AC/DC) (AC/DC) (AC/DC) (AC/DC ) (AC/DC )
PSU
PSU
PSU PSU
(AC/DC) (AC/DC) (AC/DC) (AC/DC )
DFU/DDU/CDU0
PMU
Storage battery/DC power
filter/DC lightning arrester
Alternating current\lightning
protection\filtering unit
Figure 3-2 Full configuration of the BTS3612A cabinet
The boards and modules of BTS3612A are listed in Table 3-1.
Table 3-1 Boards and modules of the BTS3612A
Acronyms
Full name
BCIM
BTS Control Interface Module
BCKM
BTS Control & Clock Module
BCPM
BTS Channel Processing Module
BESP
BTS E1 Surge Protector
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Chapter 3 Product Architecture
Acronyms
Full name
BRDM
BTS Resource Distribution Module
CDU
Combiner and Duplexer Unit
DDU
BTS Dual Duplexer Unit
DFU
Duplexer and Filter Unit
BHPA
BTS High Power Amplifier
BTRM
BTS Transceiver Module
PSUAC/DC
AC/DC Power Supply Unit
PSUDC/DC
DC/DC Power Supply Unit
PMU
Power Management Unit
RLDU
Receive LNA Distribution Unit
3.2 System Structure
This section highlights the main equipment of BTS3612A, which is composed of
baseband subsystem, Radio Frequency (RF) subsystem, antenna & feeder subsystem,
and power & environment monitor subsystem, as shown in Figure 3-3.
Standard space is reserved in the cabinet to accommodate transmission equipment
such as microwave and SDH, so as to support different networking modes.
Um
interface
MS
Antenna & feeder
subsystem
Radio Frequency
subsystem
Baseband
subsystem
Abis
interface
BSC
220V AC
or
110V AC
Power & environment monitor subsystem
BTS3612A
Figure 3-3 BTS3612A system structure
3.2.1 Baseband Subsystem
Composed of the BCKM, BCIM, BRDM, BCPM, etc, the baseband subsystem can
Provide Abis interface and complete the related processing of Abis protocol.
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Chapter 3 Product Architecture
Provide a fiber interface to the RF subsystem, and complete the processing of Um
physical layer and Common Channel (CCH) MAC layer protocols.
Implement
the
modulation/demodulation
of
baseband
data
and
the
coding/decoding of CDMA channels.
Provide synchronization clock signal to the BTS.
The baseband subsystem also implements system resource management, operation
and maintenance, and environment monitoring.
3.2.2 Radio Frequency Subsystem
The RF subsystem is composed of the BTRM, BHPA, CDU/DFU/DDU, RLDU, etc. Its
functions can be grouped in forward and reverse directions.
In forward direction
The subsystem completes the power-adjustable up-conversion and linear power
amplification to the modulated transmission signals, filtering of signals, and
multi-carrier combination (optional) before sending the signal to the antenna & feeder
subsystem.
In reverse direction
The subsystem filters the signals received by the antenna to suppress the outband
interference, and performs low-noise amplification, multi-carrier division, noise
factor–adjustable down-conversion, and channel-selective filtering before sending the
signals to the baseband subsystem.
3.2.3 Antenna and Feeder Subsystem
The antenna and feeder subsystem of BTS3612A includes two parts: the RF part and
the GPS/GLONASS synchronization part.
RF antenna and feeder
This part is composed of the transmitting and receiving antennae, feeders, tower
amplifier (optional), etc. It transmits and receives signals on the air interface.
GPS/GLONASS synchronization antenna and feeder
This part is composed of the satellite signal receiving antenna, feeder, lightning
protector, etc. It receives synchronization signals from the satellites (GPS or
GLONASS) to provide precise clock source for the BTS. .
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Chapter 3 Product Architecture
3.2.4 Power and Environment Monitoring Subsystem
The power and environment monitoring subsystem includes the power supply and
environment monitor (including the temperature controller).
Power supply
The power supply contains the AC distribution unit, DC distribution unit, Power Supply
Units (PSUs, including PSUAC/DC and PSUDC/DC), PMU, battery group and its
management unit.
The PSUs work in N+1 redundancy mode. If any PSU fails, an alarm will be reported.
The PSUs support online insertion and removal.
Environment monitor
The environment monitor includes the PMU and sensors. The PMU collects the
environment variables of temperature, humidity, smoke, water and access control from
the sensors, and reports them to the BCKM of the BTS. The BTS performs the preset
operations and reports the information to the OMC.
Temperature control device
The temperature controller may be an air conditioner or a heat exchanger, which can
ensure the normal operation of the BTS in the following ambient-temperature ranges:
Air conditioner: –40°C–55°C
Heat exchanger: –40°C–45°C
3.3 External Physical Interface
The BTS3612A provides the following main external physical interfaces listed in Table
3-2.
Table 3-2 Main external physical interfaces on the BTS3612A
Interface name
Type
Quantity
Function
Connecting to transmission system and the BSC
equipment.
Supporting IMA/UNI and cascading.
Abis interface
E1/T1
(One of the
two)
Providing 75Ω and 120Ω loading interfaces for E1,
100Ω loading interfaces for T1.
Providing the Fractional Asynchronous Transfer
Mode (ATM) function.
Realizing transmission on timeslots different from
those used by other network elements.
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Interface name
Type
Clock interface
Maintenance
interface
Clock test
interface
Quantity
Function
When cabinets are combined, the extension
cabinet and the main cabinet share one baseband
subrack. Optical fiber is used for the connection
between cabinets.
Four RF connection cables are provided to connect
the RLDU and BTRM in different cabinets.
Optical
fiber
When the combined cabinet is fully configured with
12 sectors/carriers, six more external ODU3601Cs
can be attached to the combined cabinet.
GPS/GLO
NASS
Connecting the satellite signal receiver and the
satellite antenna to provide long-term and stable
clock signal for the BTS.
External
synchrono
us clock
input
Providing high-precision clock.
Ethernet
interface
Providing near-end maintenance path.
Clock
source
interface
Outputting 10MHz signal for testing.
Sync
test
interface
Outputting 2S signal for testing.
Power
supply
A, B, and C phase lines and zero line
Cabinet
combining
interface
ODU3601C
cascading
interface
System Description
Chapter 3 Product Architecture
One PGND is led out to the grounding cable.
Power supply
and grounding
Protection
grounding
(PGND)
When cabinets are combined, one PGND is
connected to the extension cabinet.
One PGND is connected to the auxiliary equipment.
DC power
supply
Providing -48 DC power for the recharge of
batteries
Corresponding to 3 sectors.
Feeder interface
RF signal
Each sector corresponds to 2 DIN connectors,
which can be used for both transmitting and
receiving.
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Chapter 4 Main Functions
Chapter 4 Main Functions
4.1 Basic Function
The Um interface of the BTS3612A supports the TIA/EIA IS-2000 Rel.A standard, and
is compatible with the TIA/EIA-95-A/B standard. The minimum performance satisfies
TIA/EIA-97-D requirements.
The Abis interface complies with the 3GPP2 A.R0003 standard.
The BTS3612A supports:
The 90~290V AC input.
The GPS/GLONASS synchronization interface and external synchronization
interface to achieve long-term clock synchronization.
Cascading of ODU3601Cs.
Soft and softer handoffs.
Slotted mode paging and fast paging modes.
Channel management function.
Channel Element (CE) pool operational mode to dynamically allocate resources.
Resource status management.
High power and wide coverage (When operate at 450MHz band, the max power
output is 25W).
Multiple power controls.
The 75Ω unbalanced interface (E1, coaxial cable), 120Ω balanced interface (E1,
twisted pair) and the 100Ω unbalanced interface (T1, twisted pair) on the Abis
interface.
Timeslot cross function on the Abis interface.
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Chapter 4 Main Functions
4.2 Radio Network Function
4.2.1 Power Control
The CDMA system is a self-jamming system, in which every subscriber is an
interference source to other subscribers. Power control directly affects the system
capacity and the service quality. If it is possible to ensure that every MS transmits the
minimum power it needs, the whole system capacity can be the largest.
Power control can be divided into forward power control and reverse power control.
The forward power control is used to control BTS’s transmit power while the reverse
power control aims to control MS’s transmit power.
I. Forward power control
Forward power control has various methods, whose applications are subject to the MS
protocol version and the system parameters.
Power control based on PMRM
When the MS adopts power control based on Power Measurement Report Message
(PMRM), it will determine the method and frequency of reporting PMRM in accordance
with the received control message of the system parameter message.
Power control based on EIB
When the MS adopts power control based on Erasure Indicator Bit (EIB), it will detect
forward frame quality, and feed back the information to the BTS via EIB. The BTS will
adjust the transmit power according to EIB information.
Forward fast power control
The MS will adjust BTS power according to power control bit (the maximum speed can
reach 800bit/s). In the CDMA2000 1X system, high speed data service is supported.
Therefore, the requirement on forward power control is increasingly strict. The forward
fast power control method can control forward channel transmit power accurately, so as
to reduce interference and improve the capacity.
II. Reverse power control
Reverse power control includes open-loop power control and close-loop power control.
The close-loop power control can be further divided into inner loop power control and
outer loop power control.
Open-loop power control
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Chapter 4 Main Functions
The MS will determine the transmit power to access the BTS according to the received
pilot signal strength.
Close-loop power control
The BTS issues power control command to the MS, and performs the adjustment
according to MS feedback. The principle of close-loop power control is shown in the
following figure.
Power control bit
MS
Eb/N t
FER
BTS
BSC
E b/N t changin g quantity
O uter loop
Inner loop
Figure 4-1 Close-loop power control
In inner loop power control mode, the BTS will issue power control bit according to the
received Eb/Nt value.
In outer power control mode, the BSC will adjust preset Eb/Nt value according to the
Frame Error Rate (FER) of the received reverse signal. Then the BTS will use the
newly set Eb/Nt value to issue power control bit. In this way, the transmit power of MS
can be controlled.
4.2.2 Handoff
When the MS is moving out of the coverage of current cell/sector or the conversation
quality deteriorates to an unbearable degree, the MS will be handed off to another
cell/sector to maintain the ongoing conversation.
If the MS handoff helps to improve conversation quality and network performance,
handoff procedure may also be triggered.
I. Soft handoff
The soft handoff happens between adjacent cells which serve on the same frequency
and belong to different BTSs. The two different BTSs can belong to the same BSC, or
two different BSCs connected with A3/A7 interface.
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In soft handoff procedure, the MS will maintain the connection with the previous cell
until it establishes the communication with the new cell. During handoff procedure, the
MS can establish radio links with multiple cells, select and combine data received from
these links so as to improve conversation quality and reduce call drops.
II. Softer handoff
The softer handoff happens between adjacent cells that serve on the same frequency
and belong to the same BTS. In fact, it is a special case of soft handoff. Since the MS
establishes radio links with multiple sectors under the same BTS, the BTS can combine
the diversity signals received by its sectors from the MS. Therefore, the conversation
quality during softer handoff is better than that of soft handoff.
III. Hard handoff
In hard handoff procedure, the MS will firstly interrupt the connection with the previous
cell, and then set up the connection with the new cell. There is a chance of call drop.
Hard handoff includes:
Intra-frequency hard handoff: Handoff between the BSCs with no A3/A7 interface
in-between.
Inter-frequency hard handoff: Handoff between cells of different frequencies.
4.2.3 Radio Configuration
The Um interface of BTS3612A supports CDMA2000 1X, and is compatible with
IS-95A/B. The spreading rate is 1.2288Mcps.
The CDMA2000 1X physical layer supports multiple Radio Configurations (RC). Each
radio configuration supports the frames of the different rate sets, and possesses
different channel configuration and spreading spectrum structure.
The transmission combinations supported by BTS3612A include:
Forward RC1, and reverse RC1.
Forward RC2, and reverse RC2.
Forward RC3 or RC4, and reverse RC3.
Forward RC5, and reverse RC4.
Each RC supports different traffic channel data rate. With different RC, the CDMA2000
1X can present different capabilities. RC1 and RC2 are compatible with IS-95A/B.
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4.2.4 Channel Configuration
A series of physical channels have been defined on the Um interface. These physical
channels are divided into different types according to the channel features. Different
RCs support different channels.
I. Forward channel
Forward Common Channel
Forward Pilot Channel (F-PICH): Provides the MSs in the BTS coverage with
synchronization signals. Different from other channels, the F-PICH is a spread
spectrum signal which is not modulated and is transmitting continuously.
Forward Sync Channel (F-SYNCH): Provides the MSs in the BTS coverage with initial
synchronization information.
Forward Paging Channel (F-PCH): Sends overhead message and MS-specific
message to the MSs in the BTS coverage. Each frequency in a sector supports seven
paging channels at most.
Forward Quick Paging Channel (F-QPCH): Used to send paging order and the system
configuration changing order to MSs working in slotted mode, instructing them to
receive the paging messages. Thus the MS battery energy can be saved.
Forward Dedicated Channel
Forward Dedicated Control Channel (F-DCCH): Bears traffic information and signaling
information between the MS and the BTS.
Forward Fundamental Channel (F-FCH): Bears traffic information between the MS and
the BTS.
Forward Supplemental Channel (F-SCH): Bears traffic information between the MS
and the BTS. It is applicable to RC3, RC4 and RC5 only.
II. Reverse channel
Reverse common channel
Reverse Access Channel (R-ACH): Used by the MS to initiate the communication with
the BTS, and respond to paging channel message. MS uses random access protocol to
initiate access procedure. Regarding each paging channel supported, maximum 32
access channels can be supported.
Reverse dedicated channel
Reverse Fundamental Channel (R-FCH): Bears traffic information between the MS and
the BTS.
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Reverse Common Control Channel (R-DCCH): Bears traffic information and signaling
information between the MS and the BTS.
Reverse Supplemental Channel (R-SCH): Bears traffic information between the MS
and the BTS. It is applicable to RC3 and RC4 only.
4.2.5 Receiving Diversity
The BTS3612A supports receiving diversity function. The function is realized through
two sets of independent equipment, including antenna, feeder, CDU/DDU/DFU and
main/diversity receiving channels.
The two sets of receiving equipment demodulate the received signals. Then the
baseband processing unit decodes the signals using diversity combining algorithm,
which is expected to provide some diversity gain.
The receiving diversity increases the anti-attenuation capability of the BTS and ensures
the receiving quality of the BTS under complicated radio environment.
4.2.6 Cell Breathing
The BTS3612A can control the coverage of a cell and balance system load by adjusting
the transmit power. This function has great significance for the CDMA system. The
transmit power of BTS3612A ranges from "1dB" to "24dB", which can be adjusted at a
step of "0.5dB".
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Chapter 5 Reliability Design
Chapter 5 Reliability Design
5.1 System Reliability
I. De-rating design
To delay performance degeneration and prolong the service life of high-power
components and heat-generating components, less stress (electrical stress and
temperature stress) is to be borne during operation by these components than their
designed capabilities.
II. Quality control of components
The category, specifications and manufacturers of the components are carefully
selected and examined according to the requirements of the product reliability and
maintainability. The replaceability and normalization of components is one of the main
factors for the decision. Strict quality control is implemented on hardware assembling
procedures to ensure high reliability and stability in long run.
III. Thermal design
The heat design primarily concerns the component selection, circuit design,
mechanical design and heat dissipation design so that the impact of temperature
changes upon product performance is minimized. The thermal design of BTS3612A
ensures that it can work reliably in a wide range of temperatures.
IV. EMC design
The design ensures that the BTS3612A will not degrade to an unacceptable level due
to the electromagnetic interference (EMI) from other equipment in the same
electromagnetic environment. At the same time, the BTS3612A will not cause other
equipment in the same electromagnetic environment to degrade to an unacceptable
level due to the EMI from it.
V. Redundancy design
For the purpose of reliability, the system is designed with several sets of units
performing the same function. The system will not fail unless the specified sets of units
fail.
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Chapter 5 Reliability Design
VI. Reliability design for input voltage
The system is protected against reverse connection of power supply.
The input voltage of the -48V power supply is checked and alarm signal will be
generated when the voltage is too low or too high.
The system is protected again sharp voltage drop and lightning strikes.
The system provides protection for program and data in the case of power failure.
VII. Maintenability design
The reasonable internal wiring of the BTS facilitates boards replacement. To replace a
faulty board, only the cable of this board is required to be removed. The board can be
pulled out from the front side of the cabinet.
Board indicators are provided to help users identify board status.
VIII. Fault monitoring and handling
The BTS3612A is equipped with the functions of self-detection and fault diagnosis. It
can record, output and print various fault information. It can also collect environment
condition information and generate alarms if there is any problem.
The hardware fault detection procedures include fault locating, isolating the faulty
components and automatic switchover to active components. The system will make a
final confirmation on a hardware fault through repeated detection, thus avoiding the
system reconfiguration or QoS deterioration due to contingent faults.
When faults occur to software, certain automatic error-correction function will be
executed, including restarting and reloading. Critical faults will be recorded, output or
printed, and notified to users through network management system.
5.2 Hardware Reliability
I. Protection against wrong insertion of boards
When a board is plugged in the slot of another board by mistake, the special pins will
prevent the board from touching the backplane. This avoids the possible damage to the
equipment due to wrong insertion.
II. Active-standby switchover of BCKM
The active BCKM will back up the file data to the standby one periodically. Once critical
faults occur to the active BCKM, it will trigger active-standby switchover to secure
normal operation of the BTS.
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Chapter 5 Reliability Design
III. CE pool design of CCPM
The CCPM adopts CE pool design to enhance the system's reliability.
IV. Status monitoring and alarm report
The BCKM has the capability of monitoring the status of other boards or modules, and
reporting alarms to ensure timely fault location.
V. Distributed power supply
The system internally adopts distributed power supply. The DC/DC power supply
module (PSUDC/DC) works in the N+1 redundancy mode. When an error occurs to a
module, it will send the alarm to the BAM. It also supports online insertion and removal
of boards.
5.3 Software Reliability
I. Periodic check of key resources
This function aims to check software resource which has been occupied for a long time.
If certain resource becomes unavailable due to software error, the check mechanism
will release that resource and output logs and alarm.
II. Process monitoring
Process monitoring provides channel for outputting various software and hardware
faults while the software is running. It can monitor the status of a specific task or system
running, and report the information to the outside.
III. Data check
Data check functions include:
The consistency check for data of different processing boards, restore of data
consistency and output of log files and alarms.
The consistency check for the data input by the user to ensure correct reference
relation among data.
The rollback function. If the modification of some data fails at certain point, the
data will be restored to the initial status so as to ensure data consistency.
IV. Fault isolation
The BTS3612A has the feature of isolating module software faults. When a fault occurs
to one module, other modules will not be affected. In addition, the software has the
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Chapter 5 Reliability Design
capability of fault tolerance and correction. The normal faults will not trigger system
reset or reboot.
V. Software fallback
The system provides the function of program and data restoration. When the upgrade
fails, the function help restore to the original program and data configuration.
VI. Log function
The Operation & Maintenance software will automatically record user's operations in a
period of time and save them into a log file. When an unknown error occurs to the
system, log files can help to trace back to the normal condition for fault location or data
restoration.
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Chapter 6 Operation and Maintenance System
Chapter 6 Operation and Maintenance System
The Operation and Maintenance (O&M) system includes the local O&M system and the
M2000 Mobile Network Management System.
In this chapter, the local O&M system is described in the aspect of the local end and the
remote end respectively. The M2000 system is not explained in details except its basic
structure and functions. The details are available in the related manual of M2000.
6.1 Structure of the O&M System
6.1.1 Local O&M System
Figure 6-1 shows the structure of BSS local O&M system.
BSC
BTS
IP over Ethernet
IPOA
IP over Ethernet
IP over Ethernet
IPOA
Router
BTS
internet
IP over Ethernet
Router
IP over Ethernet
Figure 6-1 BSS local O&M system
I. Remote maintenance
The local OMC of the BSS is designed in the Client/Server (C/S) structure. The user
inputs operation commands through the LMT (Client). As the server, the BAM
processes commands from different Clients and sends these commands to the
foreground (BSC or BTS). The BAM records the operation results (such as success,
failure, timeout, or abnormality) and sends the results to the LMT in a specified format.
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Chapter 6 Operation and Maintenance System
Through the OMC, the user can perform remote maintenance and can monitor all the
BTSs. Meanwhile, information from these BTSs can be collected for network planning
and optimization.
II. Local maintenance
Local maintenance is implemented by logging in to the BTS through Telnet Client or
FTP mode from the LMT. In local maintenance mode, users can perform various
operations and maintenance (including data configuration) on the BTS using the MML
commands.
In addition, through the reverse maintenance function, users can maintain the whole
BSS from the LMT of the BTS.
6.1.2 M2000 Mobile Network Management System
The M2000 mobile network management system implements the centralized O&M
function. In this system, the M2000 server is the core, and various mobile network
elements (such as BSC, MSC, HLR, and so on) are connected to the system via Local
Area Network (LAN) or Wide Area Network (WAN).
The BSC is connected to the M2000 mobile network management system via the BAM.
Figure 6-2 shows the typical networking of the M2000 mobile integrated network
management system.
NE
NE
Dialup Server
PSTN
LAN
l Support E1, DDN,
X.25 and frame relay.
M2000 Server
WS
NE
Support remote dialup
maintenance
E1, DN, X.25 and frame relay.
Figure 6-2 Networking of M2000 mobile integrated network management system
The M2000 mobile network management system performs configuration management,
performance management and fault management.
Configuration management function: Collecting, storing, querying and modifying
the NE equipment data within the network system.
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Performance
management
System Description
Chapter 6 Operation and Maintenance System
function: The
user
can
register
the
traffic
measurement tasks of the NEs from the network Client, and can view the ask
results.
Fault management function: The user can set combined conditions to get the
required alarm data of the network from the Alarm Client, and can view the results
and perform related operations.
6.2 Operation and Maintenance Function
To meet user's requirement, the BTS3612A provides powerful operation and
maintenance capability, including security management, alarm management, loading
management, configuration management, equipment management, test management,
tracing management, etc.
I. Security management
The security management based on the user authority mainly includes the user
login/logout, user adding/deleting, password changing, and authority changing.
To prevent illegal operation, the system provides powerful security management
function to control user's operation and equipment running.
The user will be authenticated before he can log in to and operate the BTS3612A. The
system provides multi-level authority mechanism so that only the authorized user can
perform the operation of specified command sets. In addition, the timeout locking
function is provided. When a user has not operated the system for a specified period,
the system will automatically lock the screen.
Before the execution of important commands, the system will prompt the user for
confirmation.
II. Alarm management
The system performs centralized management over the alarms of the BSC and the
BTS. The BSS Maintenance Console provides real-time alarm management function:
alarm collecting, clearing, querying, handling, saving, interpretation, notification,
shielding, filtering, acknowledging, analyzing, etc.
In addition, the alarm management system provides online help information and
leveled filtering to help locate faults.
While reporting alarms, the BTS3612A will drive related devices (such as status
indicators and alarm box) to give audible and visible alarms.
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Chapter 6 Operation and Maintenance System
III. Loading management
The loading management implements the loading of software and configuration data.
Software loading includes the downloading and activation of the Central Processing
Unit (CPU) software and Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) logic. Configuration
data loading includes downloading and uploading of the data.
IV. Configuration management
The configuration management is to configure BTS equipment and radio resources.
Users can also query the configuration data and check data consistency.
Both online and offline configuration functions are provided together with batch
processing function for data configuration.
V. Equipment management
The equipment management provides monitoring and querying of the board's and
system's status. It also provides user operation log and system running log to facilitate
fault location and shooting.
The equipment management function includes: version querying, status querying,
electronic
label
querying,
log
management,
equipment
reset,
resource
blocking/unblocking, power supply management, etc.
VI. Test management
The test management facilitates fault location and the optimization of system
performance. It includes board loopback, self-detection, Abis link test, etc.
VII. Tracing management
The tracing management is implemented for the purpose of fault location and
performance measurement analysis. The traced objects include various interfaces and
BTS resources.
The tracing results of some resources (such as CPU resource and cell resource) can
be displayed in graphics in real-time for the purpose of monitoring.
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Chapter 7 Technical Indices
Chapter 7 Technical Indices
7.1 Structure and Environment Indices
Item
Cabinet dimensions
(Height×Width×Depth)
Index
1700mm x 1200mm x1000mm
220/230/240V AC:
Single-phase/three-phase input
Voltage range: 176~264V
Frequency range: 47~63Hz
Over-voltage protection when the voltage reaches 290V.
Power supply
110/115/127V AC:
Single-phase/three-phase input
Voltage range: 90~135V
Frequency range: 47~63Hz
Under-voltage protection when the voltage reaches 85V.
650kg (excluding the batteries and the built-in transmission
equipment)
Weight
Power consumption of integrated equipment (with air
conditioner in cooling function and without battery cabinet):
6100W
Air conditioner
Power
consumption (in full
configuration)
Power consumption of integrated equipment (with air
conditioner in cooling function and with battery cabinet):
11000W
Power consumption of integrated equipment (with air
conditioner in heating function, and without battery recharging
considered): 6000W
4500W (without battery cabinet)
Heat exchanger
9500W (with battery cabinet)
6000W (heating, without recharging)
Operational
environment
temperature
Air conditioner
-40°C ~ 55°C
Heat exchanger -40°C ~ 45°C
Relative humidity
5% ~ 100%
Noise
≤ 65dBA (The noise varies with the ambient temperature)
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Chapter 7 Technical Indices
Item
Index
A: ≥ 99.999%
MTBF:≥ 100000h
Reliability
MTTR: ≤ 1h (excluding the time spent on the journey)
MTTR: ≤ 3h (including the time spent on the journey)
7.2 Capacity Indices
Full configuration of single cabinet
6 sectors/carriers
Full configuration of combined cabinet
12 sectors/carriers
7.3 Transmitter and Receiver Indices at 450MHz Band
I. Transmitter indices
Item
Index
Working band
460 ~ 467MHz
Channel bandwidth
1.23MHz
Channel precision
25kHz
Frequency tolerance
≤±0.05ppm
Transmit power
25W (the maximum value measured at the cabinet
feeder port)
II. Receiver indices
Item
Index
Working band
450 ~ 457MHz
Channel bandwidth
1.23MHz
Channel precision
25kHz
Sensitivity of signal receiver
Better than -127 (RC3, main and diversity receiving)
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7.4 Transmitter and Receiver Indices at 800MHz Band
I. Transmitter indices
Item
Index
Working band
869 ~894MHz
Channel bandwidth
1.23MHz
Channel precision
30kHz
Frequency tolerance
≤±0.05ppm
Transmit power
20W (the maximum value measured at the cabinet feeder port)
II. Receiver indices
Item
Index
Working band
824 ~ 849MHz
Channel bandwidth
1.23MHz
Channel precision
30kHz
Sensitivity of signal receiver
Better than –127dBm (RC3, main and diversity receiving)
7.5 Transmitter and Receiver Indices at 1900MHz Band
I. Transmitter indices
Working frequency
1930~1990MHz
Channel bandwidth
1.23MHz
Channel precision
50kHz
Frequency tolerance
Transmit power
≤±0.05ppm
20W (the maximum value measured at the cabinet feeder port)
II. Receiver indices
Working frequency
1850~1910MHz
Channel bandwidth
1.23MHz
Channel precision
50kHz
Sensitivity of signal receiver
Better than -126dBm (RC3, main and diversity receiving)
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Chapter 7 Technical Indices
7.6 ODU3601C Cascading
Item
Index
Max. distance of single cascading
10km or 70km (depending on the optical interface
module used)
Max. number cascaded ODU3601Cs
Max. distance of all cascadings
90km
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Appendix A Standard Compliance
Appendix A Standard Compliance
A.1 General Technical Specification
TIA/EIA-97-D: Recommended minimum performance standards for base stations
supporting dual-mode spread spectrum mobile stations
General Technical Requirements: Federal IMT-MC (CDMA2000) cellular mobile
system operating in band 450MHz
A.2 Um Interface
I. Physical layer
TIA/EIA IS-2000-2-A: Physical layer standard for CDMA2000 spread spectrum
systems
II. MAC layer
TIA/EIA IS-2000-3-A: Medium Access Control (MAC) standard for CDMA2000 spread
spectrum systems
III. Service capability
TSB2000: Capabilities requirements mapping for CDMA2000 standards
A.3 Abis Interface
I. Physical layer
E1 interface
E1 physical interface specification, september 1996
SDH STM-1
ANSI T1.101: Synchronization interface standard
ITU-T G.707: (3/96) Network node interface for the synchronous digital hierarchy
(SDH)
ITU-T G.703: (10/98) Physical/electrical characteristics of hierarchical digital interfaces
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Appendix A Standard Compliance
ITU-T G.957: Optical interface for equipment and systems relating to the synchronous
digital hierarchy
ITU-T G.958: Digital line systems based on the synchronous digital hierarchy for use on
optical fiber cables
ATM
AF-PHY-0086.001: Inverse Multiplexing for ATM (IMA) specification version 1.1
ATM Forum af-phy-0064.000
ATM Forum af-phy-0130.000
STR-PHY-FN64-01.00: ATM on fractional E1/T1, October 1999
II. ATM layer
ANSI T1.627-1993: Telecommunications broadband ISDN-ATM layer functionality and
specification
III. ATM adaptation layer
ITU-T recommendation I.366.2: B-ISDN ATM adaptation layer type 2 specification
ITU-T I.363.5: B-ISDN ATM adaptation layer 5 specification: Type 5 AAL
IV. TCP/IP
RFC791: Internet protocol
RFC793: Transport control protocol
V. Abis interface high layer protocol
3GPP2 A.R0003: Abis interface technical report for CDMA2000 1X spread spectrum
system
VI. Self-defined standard
CDMA2000 1X Abis interface high layer protocol
A.4 Lightning Protection
IEC 61312-1(1995) Protection against lightning electromagnetic impulse part I:
General principles
IEC 61643-1(1998) Surge protective devices connected to low-voltage power
distribution systems
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Appendix A Standard Compliance
ITU-T K.11 (1993) Principles of protection against over-voltage and over-current.
ITU-T K.27 (1996) Bonding configurations and earthing inside a telecommunication
building
ETS
300
253(1995)
Equipment
engineering;
earthing
and
bonding
of
telecommunication equipment in telecommunication centers
A.5 Safety
IEC60950 Safety of information technology equipment including electrical business
equipment
IEC60215 Safety requirement for radio transmitting equipment
CAN/CSA-C22.2 No 1-M94 Audio, video and similar electronic equipment
CAN/CSA-C22.2 No 950-95 Safety of information technology equipment including
electrical business equipment.
UL 1419 Standard for professional video and audio equipment
73/23/EEC Low voltage directive
UL 1950 Safety of information technology equipment including electrical business
equipment
IEC60529 Classification of degrees of protection provided by enclosure (IP Code).
GOST 30631-99. General Requirements to machines, instruments and other industrial
articles on stability to external mechanical impacts while operating;
GOST R 50829-95. Safety of radio stations, radio electronic equipment using
transceivers and their components. The general requirements and test methods;
GOST 12.2.007.0-75. Electrotechnical devices. The general safety requirements.
A.6 EMC
TS 25.105; 3rd Generation Partnership Project; TSG RAN WG4; UTRA (BS) TDD;
Radio transmission and reception89/336/EEC EMC directive Council directive of 3 May
1989 on approximation of laws of the Member States relating to electromagnetic
compatibility;
CISPR 22 (1997): "Limits and methods of measurement of radio disturbance
characteristics of information technology equipment";
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Appendix A Standard Compliance
IEC 61000-6-1: 1997; "Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) ∗ Part 6: Generic
standards ∗ Section 1: Immunity for residential, commercial and light-industrial
environments";
IEC 61000-6-3: 1996; "Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) ∗ Part 6: Generic
standards ∗ Section 3: mission standard for residential, commercial and light industrial
environments";
IEC 61000-3-2 (1995): "Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 3: Limits ∗ Section 2:
Limits for harmonic current emissions (equipment input current = 16 A) ";
IEC 61000-3-3 (1995): "Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 3: Limits ∗ Section 3:
Limitation of voltage fluctuations and flicker in low-voltage supply systems for
equipment with rated current = 16 A"
IEC 61000-4-2 (1995): " Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 4: Testing and
measurement techniques ∗ Section 2: Electrostatic discharge immunity test";
IEC 61000-4-3 (1995): " Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 4: Testing and
measurement techniques ∗ Section 3: Radiated, radio-frequency electromagnetic field
immunity test";
IEC 61000-4-4 (1995): " Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 4: Testing and
measurement techniques ∗ Section 4: Electrical fast transient/burst immunity test";
IEC 61000-4-5 (1995): " Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 4: Testing and
measurement techniques ∗ Section 5: Surge immunity test";
IEC 61000-4-6 (1996): " Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 4: Testing and
measurement techniques ∗ Section 6: Immunity to contacted disturbances, induced by
radio frequency fields";
IEC 61000-4-11 (1994): " Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 4: Testing and
measurement techniques ∗ Section 11: Voltage dips, short interruptions and voltage
variations. Immunity tests";
ITU-T Recommendation K.20, Resistibility of Telecommunication Switching Equipment
to Overvoltages and Overcurrents;
CFR 47, FCC Part 15-Radio Frequency Device;
TS 25.113v3.1.0, 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group
Radio Access Networks; Base station EMC;
ITU-R Rec. SM.329-7: "Spurious emissions";
GOST R 51318.22-99: Electromagnetic compatibility of technical equipment.
Man-made noise from informational equipment. Limits and test methods;
A-4
Technical Manual
Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station
System Description
Appendix A Standard Compliance
GOST 30429-96. "Electromagnetic compatibility of technical equipment. Man-made
noise from equipment and apparatus used together with service receiver systems of
civil application. Limits and Test methods.
A.7 Environment
IEC 60529 "Degrees of protection provided by enclosure (IP code)"
IEC 60721-3-1"Classification of environmental conditions- Part3: Classification of
groups of environmental parameters and their severities-Section 1: Storage";
IEC 60721-3-2"Classification of environmental conditions- Part3: Classification of
groups of environmental parameters and their severities-Section 2: Transportation";
IEC 60721-3-3 (1994) "Classification of environmental conditions - Part 3:
Classification of groups of environmental parameters and their severities - Section 3:
Stationary use at weather protected locations";
IEC 60721-3-4 (1995): "Classification of environmental conditions - Part 3:
Classification of groups of environmental parameters and their severities - Section 4:
Stationary use at non-weather protected locations";
ETS 300 019-2-1 "Equipment Engineering (EE); Environmental conditions and
environmental tests for telecommunications equipment; Part2-1, Specification of
environmental tests Storage";
ETS 300 019-2-2 "Equipment Engineering (EE); Environmental conditions and
environmental tests for telecommunications equipment; Part2-2, Specification of
environmental tests Transportation";
ETS 300 019-2-3 "Equipment Engineering (EE); Environmental conditions and
environmental tests for telecommunications equipment; Part2-3, Specification of
environmental tests Transportation Stationary use at weather-protected locations";
ETS 300 019-2-3 "Equipment Engineering (EE); Environmental conditions and
environmental tests for telecommunications equipment; Part2-3, Specification of
environmental tests Transportation Stationary use at non-weather-protected locations";
IEC 60068-2-1 (1990): "Environmental testing - Part 2: Tests. Tests A: Cold";
IEC 60068-2-2 (1974): "Environmental testing - Part 2: Tests. Tests B: Dry heat";
IEC 60068-2-6 (1995): "Environmental testing - Part 2: Tests - Test Fc: Vibration
(sinusoidal)".
GOST 15150-69: Machines, instruments and other industrial articles. Applications for
different climatic regions. Categories, operating, storage and transportation conditions
in compliance with the environmental factors";
A-5
Technical Manual
Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station
System Description
Appendix A Standard Compliance
GOST 23088-80. "Electronic equipment. Requirements to packing and transportation
and test methods".
A-6
Technical Manual
Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station
System Description
Appendix B Abbreviations and Acronyms
Appendix B Abbreviations and Acronyms
ATM
Asynchronous Transfer Mode
BCIM
BTS Control Interface Module
BCKM
BTS Control & Clock Module
BCPM
BTS Channel Process Module
BESP
BTS E1 Surge Protector
BHPA
BTS High power Amplifier
BRDM
BTS Resource Distribution Module
BSC
Base Station Controller
BSS
Base Station Subsystem
BTRM
BTS Intermediate Frequency Module
CDU
Combiner and Duplexer Unit
CN
Core Network
CPU
Central Processing Unit
DC
Direct Current
DDU
BTS Dual Duplexer Unit
DFU
Duplexer and Filter Unit
EIA
Electronics Industry Association
EIB
Erasure Indicator Bit
F-DCCH
Forward Dedicated Control Channel
F-FCH
Forward Fundamental Channel
F-PCH
Forward Paging Channel
FPGA
Field Programmable Gate Array
F-PICH
Forward Pilot Channel
F-QPCH
Forward Quick Paging Channel
F-SCH
Forward Supplemental Channel
F-SYNCH
Forward Sync Channel
B-1
Technical Manual
Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station
FTP
System Description
Appendix B Abbreviations and Acronyms
File Transfer Protocol
GLONASS
Global Navigation Satellite System
GPS
Global Position System
GSM
Global System for Mobile Communication
HDSL
High-speed Digital Subscriber Line
HLR
Home Location Register
IMA
Inverse Multiplexing for ATM
ISDN
Integrated Services Digital Network
LMT
Local Maintenance Terminal
MAC
Medium Access Control
MML
Man-Machine Language
MS
Mobile Station
MSC
Mobile Switching Center
MTBF
Mean Time Between Failures
MTTR
Mean Time To Repair
PCF
Packet Control Function
PLMN
Public Land Mobile Network
PMRM
Power Measurement Report Message
PMU
Power Management Unit
PPP
Peer-to-Peer Protocol
PSTN
Public Switched Telephone Network
PSU (AC/DC)
AC/DC Power Supply Unit
PSU (DC/DC)
DC/DC Power Supply Unit
R-ACH
Reverse Access Channel
RC
Radio Configuration
R-DCCH
Reverse Dedicated Control Channel
R-FCH
Reverse Fundamental Channel
RLDU
Receive LNA Distribution Unit
R-P
Radio-Packet
B-2
Technical Manual
Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station
R-SCH
System Description
Appendix B Abbreviations and Acronyms
Reverse Supplemental Channel
SDH
Synchronous Digital Hierarchy
TIA
Telecommunications Industry Association
UNI
User Network Interface
B-3

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