Japan Radio NKE2254 Marine Radar User Manual

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Document Description	Users Manual 3
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Date Submitted	2008-09-01 00:00:00
Date Available	2008-09-02 00:00:00
Creation Date	2008-08-29 14:36:34
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Document Title	Users Manual
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Document Author:	s-iseki

4.1 Use of Navigation Tools
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To change parallel index line intervals
Procedures
Put the cursor on near the end of line, and press the [ENT] key.
When the cursor is moved there, it will turn into "
" and PI will be displayed at the
upper right of the cursor. The parallel index lines become operable when the [ENT] key is
pressed.
Move the cursor to the interval to be set.
The parallel index lines interval will change as the cursor moves.
If Individual is selected for Operation Mode, the parallel index lines move.
Press the [ENT] key.
The parallel index lines will be fixed.
To change the end points of parallel index lines
If Individual is selected for Operation Mode, the length of parallel index lines can be changed.
Procedures
Put the cursor on the end point of parallel index lines, and press the
[ENT] key.
When the cursor is moved there, it will turn into "
" and PI will be displayed at the
upper right of the cursor. The parallel index lines become operable when the [ENT] key is
pressed.
Move the cursor to the position to be set.
The position of the end point will change as the cursor moves.
Press the [ENT] key.
The parallel index lines will be fixed.
4-16
4.2
MEASUREMENT OF RANGE AND
BEARING
4.2.1 Measurement with Cursor Position (Cursor)
Procedures
Make sure of the target echoes on the radar display.
Move the cursor to the target.
The bearing and range of the target will be shown in the Cursor bearing / range (upper
right of the display on page 2-3). The range is a distance from the own ship's position.
To set a cursor bearing numeric value mode
Determine whether to display a cursor bearing in true or relative bearing mode.
Procedures
Put the cursor on the Cursor bearing numeric value indication true /
relative switching (upper right of the display ④ on page 2-19), and
press the [ENT] key.
The selected mode is switched as shown below each time the [ENT] key is pressed.
T ⇒ R ⇒ T
:Cursor bearing is displayed in true bearing mode.
:Cursor bearing is displayed in relative bearing mode.
4-17
4.2 Measurement of Range and Bearing
4.2.2
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Measurement with Electronic Bearing Line and Variable Range
Marker [EBL] [VRM]
Procedures
Press the [EBL1] key.
The display in the EBL1 adjustment (upper right of the display ⑤ on page 2-19) will be
highlighted, and EBL1 will be shown with a dotted line on the PPI display.
Move the EBL1 to the target by turning the [EBL] dial.
The EBL1 bearing will be shown in the EBL1 bearing (upper right of the display on page
2-3).
The EBL1 bearing is the bearing of the target.
Press the [VRM1] key.
The display in the VRM1 adjustment (upper right of the display ⑥ on page 2-19) will be
highlighted, and VRM1 will be shown with a dotted line on the PPI display.
Move the VRM1 to the target by turning the [VRM] dial.
The range of VRM1 from the own ship's position will be shown in the VRM1 range
(upper right of the display on page 2-3).
4-18
4.2.3 Measurement with Two Arbitrary Points
Procedures
Press the [EBL2] key.
The display in the EBL2 adjustment (upper right of the display ⑦ on page 2-19) will be
highlighted, and EBL2 will be shown on the PPI display.
Press the [EBL] dial to select C for the EBL2 starting point mode
switching (upper right of the display ⑫ on page 2-19).
Put the cursor on the point A of the two points between which
measurement is made, and press the [ENT] key.
Refer to the figure below.
Move the EBL2 to the other point B by turning the [EBL] dial.
Refer to the figure below.
Press the [VRM2] key.
When VRM2 is selected,
EBL2.
●
(intersection marker) will appear on the dotted line of
Move the intersection marker on the dotted line to point B by turning the
[VRM] dial.
The range and bearing between the two points will be shown in the VRM2 range and
EBL2 bearing (upper right of display on page 2-3).
Similarly, EBL1 can also be used for measuring the bearing and range between two points. In this case,
perform the above procedure reading EBL2 as EBL1 and VRM2 as VRM1.
4-19
SECTION 5
OPERATION OF TARGET TRACKING
AND AIS
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5
5.6
5.7
PREPARATION ........................................................................................ 5-2
TARGET TRACKING OPERATION........................................................ 5-16
AIS OPERATION .................................................................................... 5-30
DECISION OF TARGETS AS IDENTICAL (ASSOCIATION)................. 5-40
ALARM DISPLAY ................................................................................... 5-42
TRACK FUNCTION ................................................................................ 5-46
TRIAL MANEUVERING (TRIAL MANEUVER) ...................................... 5-56
USAGE OF TARGET TRACKING FUNCTION
Attention
z There are the following limitations on use of the target
acquisition and target tracking functions.
[I] Resolution between adjacent targets and swapping during
automatic target tracking
Depending on the particular distance and echo size, resolution between
adjacent targets during automatic target tracking usually ranges
somewhere between 0.03 to 0.05 NM. If multiple targets approach each
other, resolution will become about 0.05 NM and this may cause the
system to regard them as one target and thus to swap them or lose part
of them. Such swapping or less of targets may also occur if the picture
of the target being tracked is affected by rain/snow clutter returns or sea
clutter returns or moves very close to land.
[II] Intensity of echoes and the target tracking function
The intensity of echoes and the tracking function have a correlationship,
and thus the target will be lost if no echoes are detected during six
scans in succession. If a lost target exists, therefore, radar gain must be
increased to support detection of the target. If, however, radar gain is
increased too significantly, sea clutter returns or other noise may be
erroneously detected and tracked as a target, and resultingly, a false
alarm may be issued.
[III]
Adverse effects of error sources on automatic tracking
To execute accurate tracking, it becomes necessary first to appropriately
adjust the [GAIN], [SEA] and [RAIN] dials of the radar so that the target
to be acquired and tracked id clearly displayed on the radar display.
Inappropriate settings of these adjustments reduce the reliability /
accuracy of automatic tracking.
5-1
5.1 Preparation
5.1
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PREPARATION
This section explains the features of the target tracking and AIS functions, and the initial setting for using each
function.
Target Tracking Function (Option)
The target tracking function calculates the course and speed of a target by automatically tracking the
target's move.
The target tracking function enables the automatic acquisition of targets by using the automatic
acquisition zone function.
The target tracking function also enables the simulation of the ship maneuvering method to avoid
collisions by using the trial maneuver function. (NCA-877WA)
If the mode is ground stabilization, SOG/COG used for own ship's information in target tracking. If the
mode is sea stabilization, SPD (speed through the water) / HDG (heading) used for own ship's
information in target tracking.
Maximum number of targets that
can be tracked
Trial maneuver function
Normal edition
NCA-877A
High performance edition
NCA-877WA
30
100
Not provided
Provided
Note: ARPA Process Unit (NCA-877WA) or ATA Process Unit (NCA-877A) must be fitted on ships
compliant to IMO.
AIS (Automatic Identification System) function (Option)
The AIS function shows the target’s information on the radar display, using other ship's information sent
out from the AIS unit.
Note: AIS Process Unit must be fitted on ships compliant to IMO.
5-2
5.1.1 Collision Avoidance
Problems of Collision Avoidance in Navigation
Marine collision avoidance is one of the problems that have been recognized from of old. Now, it will be
described briefly who the collision avoidance is positioned among the navigational aid problems.
The navigation pattern of all mobile craft constitutes a system with some closed loops regardless of the media
through which the mobile craft travels, whether air, water, the boundary between air and water, or space. This
pattern consists of two closed loops in principle, one of which is a collision with another mobile craft and the
other is a loop of finding a right and safe way to reach a predeterminate destination. Fig. 5-1 shows the
conceptual diagram of navigation pattern by MR. E.W. Anderson. The closed loop of collision avoidance is
shown on the left side and the closed loop of finding a right course on the right side.
Fig. 5-1 Navigation Pattern
Marine Accidents and Collisions
Among marine accidents, collision accidents have been highlighted as the tonnages and speeds of ships become
higher along with the increase in traffic at sea. If a tanker carrying dangerous articles such as crude oil collides
with any other vessel, then not only the vessels involved with the accident but other vessels in the vicinity, port
facilities, inhabitants in the coastal area as well as marine resources may also suffer immeasurable damages and
troubles. Collision accidents have a high percentage of the marine accidents that have occurred in recent years.
To cope with these problems, any effective measures are needed and some equipment to achieve collision
avoidance requirements have been developed at rapid strides.
5-3
5.1 Preparation
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Basic Concept of Collision Avoidance
There are two aspects in collision avoidance: collision prediction and avoidance. Collision prediction is to
predict that two or more vessels will happen to occupy the same point at the same time, while collision
avoidance is to maneuver vessels not to occupy the same point at the same time.
In practical operation of vessels, a spot of collision has to be deemed to be a single point but a closed zone. This
closed zone is conceptually defined as a CPA (Closest Point of Approach). In collision prediction, the time to be
taken until a ship reaches the CPA is defined as a TCPA (Time to CPA).
Fig. 5-2 shows a diagram caked “Collision Triangle”.
Fig. 5-2 Collision Triangle
5-4
Relative Vector and True Vector
From two points of view, collision prediction and avoidance, it is necessary to obtain the relative vector of other
ship for prediction and the true vector of other ship for collision avoidance in order to grasp other ship’s aspect.
The relationship between the relative vector and true vector is shown in Fig. 5-3.
Both rough CPA and TCPA can be obtained easily from the relative speed vector of other ship. This method has
an advantage that the risks of collision with all other ships within the radar range can be seen at a glance. On
the other hand, the course and speed of other ship can easily be obtained from its true speed vector, enabling
other ship’s aspect to be seen at a glance. Thus, the aspects of other ships (transverse, outsail, parallel run,
reverse run, etc. ) as described in the act of prevention of collision at sea can be readily grasped. If there is a
risk of collision with other ship, the operator can determine which rule to be applied and how to operate own
ship.
Target ship true vector
VO: Own ship's speed
O: Own ship's course
VT: Other ship's true speed
T: Target ship's true course
VR: Target ship's relative speed
R: Target ship's relative course
A: Aspect
VT
Vo
VR
Relative vector
Own ship true vector
CPA
Fig. 5-3 Relative Vector and True vector
Radar and Collision Avoidance
Radar is still playing an important roll for collision prevention and positioning. A plotter is used to further
enhance the radar functionality. The plotter is capable of plotting other positions of other ships in 3 to 6 minute
intervals to monitor their movement. The plots of other ships represent their tracks relative to own ship, and it is
shown whether there is a risk of collision, namely CPA and TCPA can be obtained. This method using a plotter
is fairly effective, but the number of target ship, which is manually plotted, is limited and it takes several
minutes to measure those.
5-5
5.1 Preparation
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5.1.2 Definitions of Symbols
Types and Definitions of Target Tracking Symbols
Vector/Symbol
12
12
Definition
Remarks
Initial acquisition target
This symbol is displayed until the vector is displayed
after target acquisition.
Target acquired in
automatic acquisition zone
The alarm sounds.
The alarm message (New Target) turns red and blinks.
The symbol is red colored.
Tracked target
12
Dangerous target
The alarm sounds.
The alarm message (CPA/TCPA) turns red and blinks.
The symbol is turns red, and indicates with X mark.
Numeric displayed target
When the numeric data is displayed, the target symbol
is enclosed in a square.
Lost target
The alarm sounds.
The alarm message (Lost) turns red and blinks.
The symbol is turns red, and indicates with X mark.
Past position
The past positions of an AIS target are displayed as
well as the target tracking symbol.
Target track
The track of another ship as an AIS target is displayed
as well as the target tracking symbol.
12
12
12
12
12
5-6
Types and Definitions of AIS Target Symbols
Vector/Symbol
Definition
Remarks
Sleeping target
This symbol is displayed when received data is valid.
The direction of the triangle’s vertex indicates the
target’s bow or course.
Activated target
The heading direction is displayed with a solid line, and
the course vector is displayed with a dotted line. The
line perpendicular to the heading direction indicates the
direction to which the course is to be changed. This line
may not be displayed.
Target acquired in automatic
acquisition zone
The alarm sounds.
The alarm message (New Target) turns red and blinks.
Outline display
The outlines of ships are displayed scaled down.
Numeric displayed target
When the numeric data is displayed, the target symbol
is enclosed in a square.
Dangerous target
The alarm sounds.
The alarm message (CPA/TCPA) turns red and blinks.
The symbol is turns red, and indicates with X mark.
Lost target
The alarm sounds.
The alarm message (Lost) turns red and blinks.
The symbol is turns red, and indicates with X mark.
AIS12
AIS12
AIS12
AIS12
AIS12
AIS12
Up to 300 targets can be displayed in total of activated and sleeping AIS targets. Up to 100 activated AIS targets
can be included in the total.
If there are more AIS targets than the allowable maximum, they are displayed in the following priority order:
1. Numeric displayed target
2. Target of which CPA / TCPA is lower than the set value
(Target as a dangerous ship for which an alarm has occurred)
3. Target in automatic activation zone
4. Activated AIS target
5. Target inside AIS filter
6. Target outside AIS filter
If the number of targets at the same priority level exceeds the allowable maximum, they are displayed in the
following priority order:
1. Association target
2. Activated AIS target
3. Sleeping AIS target
5-7
5.1 Preparation
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The vector of an AIS target is to be displayed with a vector over ground or over water, depending on the speed
sensor setting and current offset setting. The type of the currently displayed vector can be confirmed by viewing
the setting of the stable mode.
When
When
GND is displayed for the stability mode (upper left of the display on page 2-2):
Vector over ground
Sea is displayed for the stability mode (upper left of the display on page 2-2):
Vector over water
When the vector of an AIS target is displayed with a vector over water, the system has converted the AIS
target's vector over ground to the vector over water according to the data received from the AIS and the own
ship's information.
Note: When the AIS target's symbol is activated but the vector is not displayed, the following are
probable causes of the trouble:
COG/SOG is not yet input from the GPS.
The selected speed sensor is malfunctioning.
Types and Definitions of Association Target Symbols
When a tracked target and an AIS target are decided as identical, it is displayed with either of the following
symbols:
Vector/Symbol
Definition
Remarks
Priority for tracked target
Association target
12
AIS12
Priority for AIS target
Association target
Setting of Tracked Target Symbol Display
This function switches the tracking target symbol display between on and off.
Even if the tracking target symbol display is turned off, the data is retained.
Procedures
Move the cursor onto the tracking target symbol display On / Off (TT / AIS
information ⑨ on page 2-23), and press the [ENT] key.
The tracking target symbol display will be set to on or off.
Setting of AIS Target Symbol Display
This function switches the AIS target symbol display between on and off.
Procedures
Move the cursor onto the AIS target symbol display On / Off (TT/AIS
information ⑩ on page 2-23), and press the [ENT] key.
The AIS target symbol display will be set to on or off.
5-8
5.1.3 Radar Display
Vector Display
A vector to represent a target’s predicted position can be presented in the True vector or Relative vector mode.
In each mode, a vector length can be freely changed for a time interval of 1 to 60 minutes.
To switch between the true vector mode and relative vector mode, press the [VECT R/T] key.
[I] Vector Mode Selection
True Vector Mode
In the true vector mode, the direction of a target vector indicates the true course of the target and its vector
length is proportional to its speed.
In this mode, own ship’s vector is displayed as shown below.
In this mode, the movements of other ships around own ship can be accurately and easily monitored.
However, CPA Ring cannot appear in this mode.
5-9
5.1 Preparation
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Relative Vector Mode
The relative vector does not represent the true motion of the target, but its relative relation with own ship. This
means that a target with its relative vector directed to own ship (passing through the CPA Limit ring) will be a
dangerous target. In the Relative Vector mode, it can be seen at a glance where the CPA Limit of the dangerous
target is.
Therefore, the True / Relative mode shall optionally be used for the purpose of observation: the True vector
mode for grasping the true aspect of a target, and the Relative vector mode for grasping a target’s closest point
of approach (CPA).
[II] Vector Length (Vector Time)
The vector length of a target is proportional to its speed, and the vector time can be switched in a range of 1 to
60 minutes.
The diagram below illustrates a vector length of a target for 6 minutes, and the tip of the vector represents the
target’s position expected to reach 6 minutes later.
HL
Future predicted position
(6 min later in this example)
Current position
Refer to Section 5.1.7 Setting Vectors for how to change the vector time.
5-10
5.1.4 Cursor Modes (Cursor)
Types and Functions of Cursor Modes
The types of cursor modes are listed in the table below. To use the function of a cursor mode, move the cursor
onto the PPI object and press the [ENT] key.
Mode
Function
ACQ TT
Enables the target tracking function to acquire a target in manual mode.
ACT AIS
Activates AIS targets, and sets a point filter.
TGT Data
Displays the numeric data of a tracked target or AIS target.
CNCL TT
Cancels a target tracking.
DEACT AIS
Deactivates AIS target.
CNCL Data
Hides the displayed numeric data of a tracked target or AIS target.
Mark
Puts a temporary mark.
Property
Displays the information of tracked targets, AIS targets, and marks.
AUTO
Changes operation in accordance with the object at the cursor position.
Change of Cursor Mode
Procedures
Move the cursor to the cursor mode Cursor (upper right of the display
① on page 2-19), and press the [ENT] key. On the PPI, press the
[CLR / INFO] key and select a desired cursor mode from the list.
The selected cursor mode will be shown at the cursor mode (upper right of the display on
page 2-3).
Note: If the function of a selected cursor mode is not used for one minute or more, the cursor mode is
automatically changed to AUTO .
5-11
5.1 Preparation
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Operation of AUTO Mode
As shown below, the AUTO mode performs operation in accordance with the object at the cursor position
when the [ENT] key is pressed.
Object at Cursor Position
Operation
None
Acquires a target.
EBL
Performs EBL operation.
VRM
Performs VRM operation.
Intersection point of EBL and VRM
Performs EBL operation and VRM operation at the same time.
Parallel index line (PI)
Operates the parallel index line.
Tracked target
Displays the numeric data of the tracked target.
Tracked target with numeric data displayed
Hides the numeric data.
Sleeping AIS target
Activates the AIS target.
Activated AIS target
Displays the AIS target information.
AIS target with numeric data displayed
Hides the AIS target information.
Automatic acquisition / activation zone
Operates the automatic acquisition / activation zone.
Sector radar alarm zone
Operates the sector radar alarm zone.
AIS filter zone
Operates the AIS filter zone.
5-12
5.1.5 Setting Collision Decision Criteria
Attention
z Set the optimum values of collision decision
conditions, depending upon vessel type, water area,
weather and oceanographic conditions.
(For the relations between those conditions and
alarms, refer to section 5.5 Alarm Display. )
Input of CPA Limit
Procedures
Move the cursor to the CPA limit setting (TT/AIS information ③ on page
2-23), and press the [ENT] key.
The CPA Limit value input screen will appear.
Enter the value to be set as a CPA limit.
For inputs to the value input screen, refer to Section 3.3.4.
Input of TCPA Limit
Procedures
Move the cursor to the TCPA limit setting (TT/AIS information ④ on page
2-23), and press the [ENT] key.
The TCPA Limit value input screen will appear.
Enter the value to be set as a TCPA limit.
For inputs to the value input screen, refer to Section 3.3.4.
5.1.6 Setting CPA Ring
While the distance of the specified CPA Limit value is used as the radius, the CPA ring is displayed with a red
circle.
Procedures
Move the cursor to the CPA ring display On / Off (lower right of the
display ⑦ on page 2-21), and press the [ENT] key.
The CPA ring will be displayed.
Note: The CPA ring is not displayed when the true vector mode is selected.
5-13
5.1 Preparation
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5.1.7 Setting Vectors (Vector Time)
Vector time can be set in minutes in the range 1 to 60 min.
A true vector mode or relative vector mode can be selected.
Setting vector time on the display
Procedures
Move the cursor to the target vector time setting (TT / AIS information ②
on page 2-23), and press the [ENT] key.
The Vector Time value input screen will appear.
Enter the value to be set as vector time.
For how to input numeric data on the numeric value input screen, see Section 3.3.4.
Setting vector time using the multi-dial [MULTI]
Procedures
Press the [MULTI] dial several times to activate the
Vector
Vector
mode.
will be displayed in the multi-dial mode (lower left of the display on page 2-3).
Turn the [MULTI] dial to set the vector time.
Setting vector mode [VECT R / T]
Procedures
Press the [VECT R / T] key.
The current vector mode T (true vector) or R (relative vector) will be displayed in
the target vector display true / relative switching (TT / AIS information ① on page 2-23).
5-14
5.1.8 Setting the GPS antenna location
Set the GPS antenna location. Set offset ranges in longitudinal direction and latitudinal direction from the own
ship's reference position.
For the setting procedure, refer to Section 7.1.9 Setting of CCRP/Antenna/GPS Antenna Position.
Attention
z If offset ranges are not set correctly, AIS symbols and
radar echoes may be displayed shifted.
z When offset ranges are set, latitude and longitude
data received from the GPS is offset, and the offset
data is displayed as the latitude and longitude of own
ship’s position.
5-15
5.2 Target Tracking Operation
5.2
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TARGET TRACKING OPERATION
This section explains how to use the target tracking function.
The target tracking function automatically tracks a target, and displays the target's course and speed as vectors.
The target tracking function calculates CPA and TCPA, and issues an alarm as needed.
The tracking data is erased from memory when the power is turned off or during transmission standby.
5.2.1 Acquiring Target [ACQ]
Target acquisition can be performed on two modes, Automatic and Manual, and both modes can be used at the
same time.
Automatic acquisition
Note: If the number of targets being tracked has reached the allowable maximum and other targets (not
being tracked) go into the acquisition/activation zone, automatically acquired targets are canceled in
ascending order of danger.
The position of the scanner shall be at the centre of the azimuth or range in the
acquisition/activation zone.
Turning On / Off the automatic acquisition and AIS activation (AZ Menu)
Procedures
Press the [AZ] key for two seconds.
The AZ Menu will appear.
Press the [1] or [2] key.
The acquisition / activation zone 1 (AZ1) or acquisition / activation zone 2 (AZ2) will be
set to on or off.
On
Off
:The acquisition / activation zone is turned on.
The mark "
" and target ID number are put to an acquired target and move
with the target. The vectors are displayed within 1 minute.
AIS targets are activated.
:The acquisition/activation zone is turned off.
The acquisition/activation zone will disappear from the radar display, but the
system continues to track the acquired target.
The activated AIS targets remain activate.
5-16
Creating the automatic acquisition and AIS activation Zone
Procedures
Press the [AZ] key for 2 seconds.
The AZ Menu will appear.
Open the Make AZ menu by performing the following menu operation.
3. Make AZ
Press [1] or [2] key.
The range setting of the acquisition / activation zone 1 (AZ1) or acquisition / activation
zone 2 (AZ2) will be started.
Set the starting azimuth and range by turning the [EBL] dial and
[VRM] dial, and press the [ENT] key.
Set the ending azimuth and range by turning the [EBL] dial and
[VRM] dial, and press the [ENT] key.
The acquisition / activation zone will be determined.
Setting the [AZ] key allocation (Set AZ Key)
A generally used acquisition / activation zone can be turned on / off by simply pressing the [AZ] key.
Procedures
Press the [AZ] key for 2 seconds.
The AZ Menu will appear.
Open the AZ menu by performing the following menu operation.
5. Set AZ Key
→ 1. AZ
Set the assignment of the key.
On
Off
:Pressing the [AZ] key turns on / off the acquisition / activation zone.
:Pressing the [AZ] key does not turn on the acquisition / activation zone.
Note: If the RADAR Alarm key assignment is set, pressing the [AZ] key turns on / off the AZ Alarm key
at the same time the RADAR Alarm is turned on / off.
5-17
5.2 Target Tracking Operation
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Manual Acquisition [ACQ]
Note: If more targets are acquired manually in the condition that the maximum number of targets are
under tracking, the targets cannot acquired.
Procedures
Move the cursor onto the target to be acquired, and press the [ACQ] key.
The target will be acquired and the initial acquisition symbol will be displayed.
The vector will be displayed within one minute.
To perform operation only in the manual acquisition mode without automatic
acquisition/activation, turn off the automatic acquisition/activation function.
Use of Automatic and Manual Acquisition Modes
Use the manual acquisition mode while the automatic acquisition mode is on.
Manually acquire the target to which particular attention should be paid, and get the other targets automatically
acquired. If a new target appears exceeding the maximum number of targets, the manually acquired target is
displayed even in the background until it gets out of the display. However, automatically acquired targets are
canceled starting far distance from own ship.
5-18
5.2.2 Canceling Unwanted Tracked Targets [TGT CNCL]
Unwanted tracked targets can be canceled one by one in the following cases:
• Tracking is no longer necessary for targets with which vectors/symbols are displayed after being acquired
and tracked.
• The number of vectors on the radar display needs to be reduced for easy observation.
When targets are to be re-acquired from the beginning, all the current vectors can also be canceled.
Canceling targets one by one [TGT CNCL]
Procedures
Put the cursor on the tracked target to the desired for canceling target,
and press the [TGT CNCL] key.
The vectors and symbols of the tracked targets will disappear, and only the radar video
remain.
Canceling all targets collectively [TGT CNCL]
Procedures
Press the [TGT CNCL] key for 5 seconds.
The vectors and symbols of all the targets will disappear, and only the radar videos
remain.
Note: When all the targets have been canceled, the system stops tracking them. Thus, you need to re-acquire
targets in manual or automatic acquisition mode. Do not cancel all the targets unless otherwise required.
5-19
5.2 Target Tracking Operation
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5.2.3 Tracked Target Data Display [TGT DATA]
Attention
z When a target or own ship changes its course, or when a new
target is acquired, its vector may not reach a given level of
accuracy until 3 minutes or more has passed after such
course change or target acquisition.
Even if 3 minutes or more has passed, the vector may
include an error depending upon the tracking conditions.
Type of Data Display (Target Information)
Target Data
Target identification (TT ID)
ID number of the target
True bearing (BRG)
0.1° unit
Range
0.01 NM unit
Course
0.1° unit
Speed
0.1 knot unit
Closest point of approach (CPA)
0.01 NM unit
Time to CPA (TCPA)
0.1 min unit
Bow crossing range (BCR)
0.01 NM unit
Bow crossing time (BCT)
0.1 min unit
The target for which its numeric data is displayed is marked with a symbol "
" to distinguish from other
targets.
If a target’s data is displayed, but without the symbol "
" , such a target exists outside the currently
displayed radar display.
Method of Displaying Numeric Data [TGT DATA]
Procedures
Put the cursor on the tracked target for which numeric data is to be
displayed, and press the [TGT DATA] key.
Then, the data of the designated target will appear, it will be marked with a symbol
". The target data will remain on the radar display until the target is lost and its
vector disappears, or until another target is designated.
If a target with the mark "
" is designated, only its true bearing and range will appear
until its vector appears.
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Cancellation of Numeric Data Display (CNCL Data)
Procedures
1 Put the cursor on the tracked target with which numeric data is displayed,
and press the [CLR / INFO] key.
The cursor mode list will appear.
Press the [6] key.
The numeric value will disappear.
5.2.4 Displaying Target ID No. (Target Number Display)
A target ID number is a value displayed beside the acquisition symbol when a target is acquired.
A target ID number 1 to 100 is assigned to each target in acquisition order. Once a target ID number is assigned,
it identifies the target until the target is lost or the target acquisition is canceled.
Procedures
Press the [TT MENU] key.
Press the [4] key.
Target Number Display will appear.
Press the [numeric] key corresponding to the display method to be set.
On
Off
Target Track
:Displays target ID numbers.
:Hides target ID numbers.
:Displays target ID number with target track.
If there are many tracking targets and their symbol display is confusing, set Target
Number Display to off to view the radar display easily.
Note: An ID number is always displayed for only targets with which numeric data is displayed.
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5.2 Target Tracking Operation
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5.2.5 Adding Tracked Target ID Name (Name)
The system can enter a name for each of tracking targets that have been acquired.
Procedures
Put the cursor on the tracked target, and press the [CLR / INFO] key.
The cursor mode list will appear.
Press the [8] key.
The TT Target Information will appear.
Press the [1] key.
The setting items for ship name (Name) will be displayed.
Select the input method.
Data Base
Input
:Selection of one of previously input ship names.
When this method is selected, a list of ship names that have been input by
selecting Input will be displayed.
:Input of a new ship name.
When this method is selected, the ship name (Name) input window will
open.
Entering a new ship name (Input)
Input a new ship name.
Up to 8 characters can be input as a ship name.
For the input method on the character input screen, see Section 3.3.4.
The input name by selecting Input is saved in Data Base .
Selecting one of previously input ship names (Data Base)
Press the [numeric] key corresponding to the ship name to be selected.
The selected ship name will be entered.
Data Base
can contain 30 ship names.
5-22
5.2.6 Reference Target (Reference)
The system can display the own ship's speed. To do so, it sets a reference target by tracking a target for which
ground fixed.
Attention
z The reference target function is to be used if the own ship's
speed cannot be displayed normally due to trouble such as a
speed sensor malfunction. Do not use the reference target
function except in emergencies.
z If the speed or course of the own ship is changed or a new
reference target is set, the displayed speed may take 3 minutes
or more to reach the specified speed after the speed / course
change or the setting.
Even after 3 minutes or more has passed, the speed may differ
from the specified speed depending on the tracking condition.
z If a large radar echo such as a land target is set as a reference
target, the vectors of the speed and other tracking targets will
not be displayed correctly and may cause an accident.
z If a sailing ship is set as a reference target, the vectors of the
speed and other tracking targets will not be displayed correctly
and may cause an accident.
z If the
REF.
is selected for the speed sensor, the AIS
function cannot be turned on.
z If the reference target is lost or the target tracking function is
stopped, the speed sensor is placed in manual mode
MAN .
z The loss of a reference target may have a major impact on the
accuracy of the results for true speed and true course of the
target and that own speed will be degraded.
z The reference targets are only used for the calculation of true
speed.
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5.2 Target Tracking Operation
Procedures
Tracking a target for which ground fixed.
Put the cursor on the tracked target, and press the [CLR / INFO] key.
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The cursor mode list will appear.
Press the [8] key.
The Property will appear.
Press the [3] key.
The reference target function will be set to on or off.
On
Off
:A reference target is set.
:The reference target is canceled.
Put the cursor on the speed sensor switching (Own ship information ②
on page 2-22), press the [ENT] key, and select REF .
The speed of own ship calculated from the reference target will be displayed.
When a reference target is set, the symbol display is changed to " R ".
Only one target can be set as a reference target.
When a new reference target is set, the previously set reference target is canceled.
Note: If AIS function is set to on, the reference target function cannot be used.
5-24
5.2.7 Operation Test (TT Test Menu)
CAUTION
This function is provided to test if the target
tracking function is operating normally. Thus, do
not use the function except when you test the
target tracking function.
In particular, if the operation test mode is used
during navigation, pseudo targets appear on the
radar display and they are confused with actual
targets.
Do not use the mode during navigation.
Otherwise, an accident may result.
The following functions are available for testing the target tracking function:
[I]
Test Video
Makes an operation check on the target detection circuit.
[II]
TT Simulator
Generates pseudo targets on the radar display in order to test if the target
tracking function is operating normally.
[III] Status
Displays the status of the target tracking function.
[IV] Gate Display
Displays the gate size for acquiring / tracking a target.
5-25
5.2 Target Tracking Operation
[I]
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Test Video
Test Video is used to check whether the video signals under target acquisition and tracking are inputted to and
processed in the target detection circuit normally.
However, it is sufficient to check that VDH in Test Video is displayed.
Note: Test Video may not be displayed for a target which is not yet acquired or tracked. Test Video may not
be displayed either if the [GAIN] dial or [SEA] dial is not properly adjusted.
Procedures
Press the [TT MENU] key.
Open the TT Test Menu by performing the following menu operation.
9. TT Test Menu
Press the [1] key.
The setting items for Test Video will be displayed.
Select the test video to be displayed.
In general,
VDH
is sufficient for target display checks in test video mode.
If any target displayed clearly in the radar display is not displayed in the Test Video mode, the target detection
circuit of the Target Tracking unit may have a trouble
Cancellation
Press the [1] key while the TT Test Menu is displayed.
The setting items for Test Video will be displayed.
Press the [1] key
The test video display will be turned off.
5-26
[II]
Target Tracking Simulator
Pseudo targets can be generated in certain known positions to check whether the target tracking units are
operating normally. Since the pseudo targets move depending on known parameters, the values for these pseudo
targets can be compared with the known value if the pseudo targets are acquired and tracked, and displayed.
Thus, it can be checked if the system is operating normally.
Procedures
Press the [STBY] key.
The equipment will enter the transmission standby state.
Press the [TT MENU] key.
Open the TT Test Menu by performing the following menu operation.
9. TT Test Menu
Press the [2] key.
The setting items for TT Simulator will be displayed.
Select the scenario to be set.
Press the [TX / PRF] key.
The simulator will be activated and generate pseudo targets. The characters "X" at the
bottom of the radar display blinks indicating that the simulation mode is active.
Target tracking simulator / scenario
Scenario
Target start point
Distance
Bearing
3.2nm
6nm
6nm
6nm
6nm
6nm
20°
0°
every 18°
45°
45°
45°
Target end point
Distance
Bearing
1nm
0nm
1nm
1nm
6nm
6nm
Pseudo-target speed
90°
0°
every 18°
45°
150°
150°
20kn
10kn
10kn
105kn
20kn
20kn
Note: When the simulator is operating, set 0° as the heading bearing, and 0 kn as the speed of own ship.
When the range between own ship and the pseudo target is 0, the target will disappear.
Cancellation
Press the [STBY] key.
The equipment will enter the transmission standby state.
Press the [2] key while the TT Test Menu is displayed.
The setting items for TT Simulator will be displayed.
Press the [1] key.
The TT Simulator display will be turned off.
5-27
5.2 Target Tracking Operation
[III]
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Status display (Status)
The current Target Tracking status will appear.
Procedures
Press the [TT MENU] key.
Open the TT Test Menu by performing the following menu operation.
9. TT Test Menu
Press the [3] key.
The setting items for Status will be displayed.
*Constant
: Vector response
*VID Level TD
: Threshold value used for automatic
acquisition
*VID Level High
: Threshold value used for tracking
*VID Level Low
: Unused
*Gate Size
: Size of gate used for tracking
*Tracking
: Number of targets currently acquired
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[IV]
Gate Display
The gate displays an area monitoring a target using the Target Tracking function. This radar equipment allows
the gate size to change automatically according to target range and size. User can check the gate size using the
following function.
Procedures
Press the [TT MENU] key.
Open the TT Test Menu by performing the following menu operation.
9. TT Test Menu
Press the [4] key.
The gate display mode is switched.
On
Off
:Gate is displayed
:Gate is not displayed
Display the numeric value of a target according to Section 5.2.3.
The numeric value of the target will be displayed, and the tracked target symbol will be
enclosed in a green gate.
Note: The Target Tracking can display the gate of two targets simultaneously.
Tracked Target symbol
Echo
Vector
Gate (displayed in green)
5-29
5.3 AIS Operation
5.3
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AIS OPERATION
5.3.1 Restrictions
The following restrictions are placed on use of the AIS function.
•
The AIS function is unavailable in the following cases:
MAN or REF. is selected for the speed sensor.
The current offset (Set/Drift Setting) is set while LOG
or
2AXW
is selected for the speed sensor.
•
LOG or 2AXW cannot be selected for the speed sensor in the following case:
The AIS function is turned on and the current offset (Set/Drift Setting) is selected.
•
MAN cannot be selected for the speed sensor in the following case:
The AIS function is On.
•
Current offset (Set/Drift Setting) cannot be turned On in the following case:
LOG or 2AXW is selected for the speed sensor while the AIS function is on.
5.3.2 Setting AIS Display Function (AIS Function)
Attention
z When the AIS function is set to Off, the AIS display
function is turned off and AIS symbols are no longer
displayed.
z Once the AIS display function is set to Off, it is not
automatically switched to On even if a dangerous
target exists.
Procedures
Put the cursor on the AIS On / Off (TT / AIS information ⑧ on page
2-23), and press the [ENT] key.
The received AIS information will be shown on the radar display.
5-30
5.3.3 Activate AIS Targets (Activate AIS)
Activate an AIS target, and display the target’s vector and make a collision decision.
Manual activation (ACT AIS)
Activate an AIS target in manual mode to display the vector and heading line.
Procedures
Put the cursor on the AIS symbol to be activated, and press the
[CLR/INFO] key.
The setting items for cursor modes will be displayed.
Press the [2] key.
The selected AIS target will be activated.
Automatic activation (AUTO Activate)
Activate an AIS target in automatic mode to display the vector and heading line.
When the automatic activation function is used, AIS targets are automatically activated when they go into the
automatic activation zone. The automatic activation zone is identical to the automatic acquisition zone (AZ)
used for target tracking. For the zone setting, refer to " Acquiring Target " in Section 5.2.1
The position of the scanner shall be at the centre of the azimuth or range in the acquisition/activation zone.
If there are more AIS targets than the allowable maximum, they are deactivated in the low-priority (See the
section 5.1.2).
Reference
If an AIS target is activated but the vector is not displayed, refer to " Displaying Target ID
Number " in section 5.3.6
5.3.4 Deactivate AIS Targets (Deactivate AIS)
Deactivate an AIS target and clear the display of the vector and heading line.
Procedures
Put the cursor on the AIS target to be deactivated, and press the
[CLR/INFO] key.
The setting items for cursor modes will be displayed.
Press the [5] key.
The selected AIS target will be deactivated.
Note: This operation is available only for an activated AIS target.
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5.3 AIS Operation
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5.3.5 Displaying AIS Information [TGT DATA]
Types of information displayed
There are two modes (simple and detail) to display AIS target information. The display items are determined by
the selected mode.
Display Item
Detail mode
NAME (ship name)
Call Sign
MMSI
Simple mode
Up to 20 characters
Up to 7 characters
Up to 9 characters
COG (course over ground) or CTW (course through water)
0.1° unit
0.1 knot unit
0.01 nm unit
0.1 min unit
SOG (speed over ground) or STW (speed through water)
CPA (closest point of approach)
TCPA (time to CPA)
BRG (true bearing)
Range
0.1° unit
0.01 nm unit
HDG (heading bearing)
0.1° unit
ROT (rate of turn)
0.01°/min
0.001’ unit
Up to 20 characters
Status (number)
POSN (latitude / longitude)
Destination (waypoint)
NAV Status
Not displayed
If the numeric information of ROT is blank, the radar is receiving the AIS data which is cannot displayed. In
this case, you can only trust the turning direction which is indicated by the turn indicator. The turn indicator is
displayed on the AIS symbol as the line perpendicular to the heading direction. (See the Section 5.1.2 "Types
and Definitions of AIS Target Symbols")
The detail mode displays the numeric data of only a single ship, the simple mode can display the numeric data
of up to two ships.
For NAV Status, one of the following statuses is displayed in accordance with Navigation Status:
No.
10
11-14
15
Status
Under Way Using Engine
at Anchor
Not Under Command
Restricted Maneuverability
Constrained by Her Draft
Moored
Aground
Engaged in Fishing
Under Way Sailing
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
Not Defined
5-32
Displaying AIS Target Information [TGT DATA]
Procedures
Put the cursor on the AIS target of which information is to be displayed ,
and press the [TGT DATA] key.
The information of the selected AIS target will be displayed.
Reference: When the numeric data of a target is displayed but the mark "
the target is outside the display.
" is not on the radar display,
Canceling AIS Target Information Display (CNCL Data)
Procedures
Put the cursor on the activated AIS target of which information display
is to be cancelled, and press the [CLR / INFO] key.
The setting items for cursor modes will be displayed.
Press the [6] key.
The information display of the selected AIS target will be cleared.
Selecting Detail / Simple Mode for AIS Target Information Display
Procedures
Put the cursor on the detail/simple display switching (AIS target
information ① on page 2-25), and press the [ENT] key.
The detail or simple mode display for AIS target information will be selected.
Message
Received AIS messages can be displayed.
Up to 10 messages of addressed message and up to 10 messages of broadcast message can be displayed.
If the number of messages exceeds 10, the oldest received messages are sequentially deleted.
Displaying Message Selected from List (Message)
Procedures
Press the [RADAR MENU] key twice.
Open the Message menu by performing the following menu operation.
7. AIS Menu
→ 7. Message
Press the [1] or [2] key.
Pressing [1] key lists addressed messages; pressing [2] key lists broadcast messages.
Each list shows ship names and message-received time.
For an unread message, * is displayed to the left of the item number.
Press the [numeric] key corresponding to the message to be displayed.
The message will appear.
5-33
5.3 AIS Operation
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Displaying Specified Target's Message
Procedures
Display AIS target information.
If there are messages from the target, a message mark will be displayed in the unread
message display field ( AIS target information ② on page 2-25).
Put the cursor on the unread message display (AIS target information in
② on page 2-25), and press the [ENT] key.
The message will appear.
Deleting Message (Delete)
Procedures
Press the [1] key while the message is displayed.
The Confirmation Window will appear.
Press the [1] key.
The message will be deleted, and the ship name and message-received time will disappear
from the list.
Displaying Data of Lost AIS Target (Display Lost TGT Data)
The data of the last-lost AIS target can be displayed.
The data of only one target that has been lost most recently can be displayed.
Procedures
Press the [RADAR MENU] key twice.
Open the Display Lost Target Data menu by performing the following
menu operation.
7. AIS Menu
→ 8. Display Lost TGT Data
The data of the last-lost AIS target will be displayed.
Displaying Own Ship's AIS Data (Own Ship's AIS Data)
The AIS data of own ship can be displayed.
Procedures
Press the [RADAR MENU] key twice.
Open the Own Ship's AIS Data menu by performing the following menu
operation.
7. AIS Menu
→ 9. Own Ship’s AIS Data
The own ship's AIS data will be displayed.
5-34
5.3.6 Displaying Target ID No. (Target Number Display)
When an AIS target is activated, a target ID number is displayed next to the AIS target symbol.
A target ID number 1 to 100 is assigned to each target in activation order. Once a target ID number is assigned,
it identifies the target until the target is lost or deactivated.
Procedures
Press the [RADAR MENU] key twice.
Open the Target Number Display menu by performing the following menu
operation.
7. AIS Menu
→ 5. Target Number Display
Press the [numeric] key corresponding to the display method to be set.
On
Off
Target Track
Ship's Name
:Displays target ID numbers.
:Hides target ID numbers.
:Displays target ID number with AIS track.
:Displays the ship's name.
If there are many tracking targets and their symbol display is confusing, set Target
Number Display to off to view the radar display easily.
Note: An ID number or ship's name is always displayed for only targets with which numeric value is
displayed.
5.3.7 Setting AIS Filter (AIS Filter Setting)
About an AIS filter
By setting an AIS filter, an AIS target in the area can be displayed by priority or only the targets in the area can
be displayed. An AIS filter is initially set in a circle having a radius of 20 [nm] from the CCRP. If 301 or more
AIS targets exist in the filter range, they are displayed in the priority order explained in Section 5.1.2 Symbols Types and Definitions of AIS Target Symbols.
Types of AIS Filters (Filter Type)
There are the following 3 types of AIS filters:
Range :A filter is set in a circle with a set range as the radius.
Sector :A filter is set in a sector formed by two bearings with the bow as reference.
Zone
:A filter is set in a zone formed by two bearings and two ranges with the bow as reference.
Procedures
Put the cursor on the AIS filter mode switching (TT / AIS information ⑫
on page 2-23), and press the [ENT] key to select the filter to be set.
The AIS filter will be selected.
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5.3 AIS Operation
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Creation of AIS Filter (Make AIS Filter)
Procedures
Press the [RADAR MENU] key twice.
Open the AIS Filter Setting menu by performing the following menu
operation.
7. AIS Menu
→ 4. AIS Filter Setting
Press the [2] key.
The mode to make an AIS filter will be activated.
[I]
Setting Range Filter
[II]
Set a filter range by turning the [VRM] dial, and press the [ENT] key.
Setting Sector Filter
[III]
Set a starting bearing by turning the [EBL] dial, and press the [ENT] key.
Set an ending bearing by turning the [EBL] dial, and press the [ENT] key.
Setting Zone Filter
Set a starting bearing and range by turning the [EBL] dial and [VRM] dial,
and press the [ENT] key.
Set an ending bearing and range by turning the [EBL] dial and [VRM] dial,
and press the [ENT] key.
Note: When the automatic activation function is enabled, the filter range is automatically changed for
covering the automatic activation zone. Thus, the automatic activation zone is always within the filter
range.
AIS Filter Display On/Off (Filter Display)
Procedures
Press the [RADAR MENU] key twice.
Open the AIS Filter Setting menu by performing the following menu
operation.
7. AIS Menu
→ 4. AIS Filter Setting
Press the [3] key.
Filter Display will be set to on or off.
5-36
Display of Targets outside AIS Filter (Filter Mode)
Procedures
Press the [RADAR MENU] key twice.
Open the Filter Mode menu by performing the following menu operation.
7. AIS Menu
→ 4. AIS Filter Setting
Press the [6] key.
The Filter Mode is switched.
Display
:Displays only AIS targets in the AIS filter.
Priority
:Displays AIS targets in the AIS filter by priority, and also displays targets
outside the AIS filter.
Note: Activated AIS targets can be displayed even when they are outside the AIS filter.
Point Filter
AIS targets which are not displayed because they are outside the AIS filter or at low priority levels can be
activated by giving a higher priority to them.
Procedures
Put the cursor on the position where a point filter is to be set, and press
the [CLR / INFO] key to select the filter to be set.
The setting items for cursor modes will be displayed.
Press the [2] key.
A point filter will be set at the cursor position.
If an AIS target is in the point filter, it will be activated.
When an AIS target is activated or an AIS target is not found within one minute, the point
filter will be cleared.
Note: The point filter's range is 1 nm, and cannot be changed.
5-37
5.3 AIS Operation
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5.3.8 Conditions for Deciding AIS Target to be Lost
About a lost target
When the data of an AIS target cannot be received for a specified time, the target is decided to be lost and the
target data is deleted. As shown in the table below, the time until target data is deleted varies depending on the
class of receive data and the target status.
Deciding AIS Target to be Lost
Time until data deletion
Target status
SOLAS ship
(Class A)
SOLAS ship
(Class B)
Vessel below 3 knots (Class A) or 2 knots (Class B) and it is
now at anchor or on the berth
18 min
18 min
Vessel of 3 knots or more and it is now at anchor or on the berth
60 sec
18 min
Vessel of 0 to 14 knots (Class B: 0 to 14 knots)
60 sec
180 sec
Vessel of 0 to 14 knots and it is now changing the course
60 sec
180 sec
Vessel of 14 to 23 knots
36 sec
180 sec
Vessel of 14 to 23 knots and it is now changing the course
36 sec
180 sec
Vessel of 23 knots or more
30 sec
180 sec
Vessel of 23 knots or more and it is now changing the course
30 sec
180 sec
Reference: When a dangerous target ship is lost, a lost alarm is issued and the symbol changes to a lost
symbol. The system calculates the current position from the last-received data and continues
displaying the symbol for eternity.
If the [ALARM ACK] key is pressed, the symbol is cleared.
5-38
5.3.9 Setting Conditions for AIS Alarm (AIS Alarm Setting)
Conditions for issuing a Lost alarm and CPA/TCPA alarm for AIS targets can be set.
Setting of Condition for Lost Alarm
Procedures
Press the [RADAR MENU] key twice.
Open the AIS Alarm Setting menu by performing the following menu
operation.
7. AIS Menu
→ 6. AIS Alarm Setting
Press the [1] key.
The setting items for Lost Alarm will be displayed.
Press the [numeric] key corresponding to the condition to be set.
Off
Danger
ACT&Danger
:A lost alarm is not issued.
:A lost alarm is issued only for AIS targets for which a dangerous
target alarm has been issued.
:A lost alarm is issued only for activated AIS targets and AIS targets
for which a dangerous target alarm has been issued.
Note: A lost alarm is not issued for sleeping AIS targets.
Setting of Condition for CPA/TCPA Alarm
Procedures
Press the [RADAR MENU] key twice.
Open the AIS Alarm Setting menu by performing the following menu
operation.
7. AIS Menu
→ 6. AIS Alarm Setting
Press the [2] key.
The setting items for CPA/TCPA Alarm is switched.
ACT
:A CPA/TCPA alarm is issued only for activated AIS targets.
ACT&Sleep
:A CPA/TCPA alarm is issued for all AIS targets on the radar display.
5-39
5.4 Decision of Targets as Identical
5.4
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DECISION OF TARGETS AS IDENTICAL
(ASSOCIATION)
Setting of Function to Decide Targets as Identical (Association)
When an AIS target and a tracking target are decided to be identical, an association symbol is displayed for the
targets regarded as identical. In this case, the AIS target symbol is automatically activated.
Attention
z Turn off
Association
in order not to make a
decision on if targets are identical, or in order to
display symbols that have disappeared.
Procedures
Put the cursor on the association On/Off (TT/AIS information ⑪on page
2-23), and press the [ENT] key.
Association will be set to on or off.
Setting of Conditions for Deciding AIS and Tracked Targets as Identical
(Association Setting)
Procedures
Press the [TT MENU] key.
Press the [1] key.
The Association Setting menu will appear.
Select and enter the item to be set.
Conditions for deciding targets as identical will be set. When the differences of all item
between AIS and tracked target are under the set conditions..
Once regard as identical, when one of the differences exceed 125% of the set condition,
they are regarded as dissidence.
* The setting for this function is common to Association Setting in the AIS Menu.
5-40
Types of Decision Conditions to be Set
Decision conditions
1. Association
On / Off (Function to decide targets as identical)
2. Priority
AIS / TT (Symbol to be displayed)
3. Bearing
0.0 to 9.9°
4. Range
0 to 999 m
5. Course
0 to 99°
6. Speed
0 to 99 kn
7.Applicable AIS Target
ACT or ACT&Sleep (activated AIS target or all AIS
target)
CAUTION
If a great value is set as a condition for deciding
targets as identical, a tracking target near an AIS
target is regarded as identical to the AIS target and
it may not be displayed any more.
For example, when a pilot boat (which is a small
target not being tracked) equipped with an AIS
function approaches a cargo ship as a tracking
target not equipped with an AIS function, the
tracking target symbol of the cargo ship may not
be displayed any more.
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5.5 Alarm Display
5.5
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ALARM DISPLAY
Critical alarm messages for Target Tracking (TT) and AIS functions:
Error message
CPA/TCPA
Description
There is a dangerous target.
Alarm messages for Target Tracking (TT) and AIS functions:
Error message
CPA/TCPA
New Target
Lost
REF Target
95% Capacity
MAX Target
AIS 95% Capacity
AIS MAX Target
AIS ACT 95% Capacity
AIS ACT MAX
AIS Alarm ***
AIS Alarm 001
AIS Alarm 002
AIS Alarm 003
AIS Alarm 004
AIS Alarm 005
AIS Alarm 006
AIS Alarm 008
AIS Alarm 025
AIS Alarm 026
AIS Alarm 029
AIS Alarm 030
AIS Alarm 032
AIS Alarm 035
Description
There is a dangerous target.
A new target is acquired in the automatic acquisition zone
There is a lost target.
The accuracy of the reference target may be decreased.
The number of targets being tracked by the Target Tracking function has reached 95% of
the maximum.
The number of targets being tracked by the Target Tracking function has reached the
maximum.
The number of displayed AIS target symbols has reached 95% of the maximum.
The number of received data items exceeds the maximum number of AIS target symbols
that can be displayed.
The number of activated AIS targets by the AIS function has reached 95% of the
maximum.
The number of activated AIS targets by the AIS function has reached the maximum.
Alarm information issued with the ALR sentence by the AIS.
*** is a 3-digit number which is Local Alarm No in the ALR sentence.
Tx malfunction
Antenna VSWR exceeds limit
Rx channel 1 malfunction
Rx channel 2 malfunction
Rx channel 70 malfunction
general failure
MKD connection lost
external EPFS lost
no sensor position in use
no valid SOG information
no valid COG information
Heading lost/invalid
no valid ROT information
An alarm is displayed in the alarm indication (Alarm on page 2-9)
See also section 9.1.1 "List of Alarm Indications".
5-42
CPA / TCPA Alarm
CAUTION
Since these alarms may include some errors
depending on the target tracking conditions, the
navigation officer himself should make the final
decision for ship operations such as collision
avoidance.
Making the final navigation decision based only
on the alarm may cause accidents such as
collisions.
In the system, targets are categorized into two types: tracked / activate AIS targets and dangerous targets.
The grade of danger can easily be recognized on the display at a glance. So the officer can easily decide which
target he should pay attention to.
It is not possible to switch off the tracked target visual alarm, unless tracking is ceased, or the alarm condition
no longer applies.
The types of target and alarm are shown below.
CPA / TCPA Alarm
Status
Symbol on display
Alarm characters
Alarm sound
Conditions
• CPA > CPA LIMIT
Tracked target
• 0 > TCPA
12
• TCPA > TCPA LIMIT
(Off)
Activated AIS
target
(Off)
The symbol is displayed when
one of the above conditions is
met.
AIS12
• CPA ≤ CPA LIMIT,
12
Dangerous target
CPA / TCPA
AIS12
Beep sound
(pee-poh)
• 0 ≤ TCPA ≤ TCPA LIMIT
An alarm is issued when all the
Alarm
acknowledgeable conditions are met.
The AIS targets that issues
alarm refer to 5.3.9.
Red blinking
CPA Limit and TCPA Limit: The Setting Values
5-43
5.5 Alarm Display
yy
yyy
Alarm for New Target Acquired in Automatic Acquisition Zone (New Target)
CAUTION
In setting an automatic acquisition zone, it is
necessary to adjust the gain, sea clutter
suppression and rain / snow clutter suppression
to ensure that target echoes are displayed in the
optimum conditions. No automatic acquisition
zone alarms will be issued for targets undetected
The automatic acquisition function sets a zone in a range and issues an alarm when a new target (which is not
yet acquired) goes into this zone.
For the setting of an automatic acquisition zone, refer to " Acquiring Target " in Section 5.2.1.
Alarm for New Target Acquired in Automatic Acquisition Zone
Status
New target in
automatic
acquisition zone
Symbol on display
12
Red Blinking
Alarm characters
New Target
Alarm sound
Conditions
Beep sound (pipi-pipi)
The alarm is issued when a
new target is acquired in the
automatic acquisition zone.
Alarm
acknowledgeable
Note: When an already acquired target goes into automatic acquisition zone, the alarm message is
not displayed and the buzzer does not sound either.
5-44
Lost Target Alarm
Attention
z If the gain, sea clutter suppression, rain/snow clutter
suppression are not adjusted adequately, the lost
target alarm may be easily generated. So such
adjustments should be mad carefully.
When it is impossible to continue tracking any acquired and tracked target, or the data of AIS target cannot
received for a specified time, the LOST alarm will be generated. The typical causes for alarm generation are
shown below, but not limited to the following:
• The target echo is very weak.
• The target is shadowed by a shore or a large ship and its echo is not received.
• The target echo is blurred by sea clutter returns.
If a target under tracking goes out of a range of 32 nm and can no longer be tracked, it is canceled without a lost
target alarm.
Lost Target Alarm
Status
Symbol on display
Alarm characters
Alarm sound
Conditions
Beep sound (pee)
The alarm will sound once
when a lost target symbol is
displayed.
12
Lost target
Lost
Alarm
acknowledgeable
AIS12
Red Blinking
Gyro Set Alarm
The GYRO I/F in this system receives signals from a gyro. Even if the power is turned off, the system will
follow up the gyro. However, the system stops the follow-up operation when the power of the master gyro is
turned off or when any trouble occurs to the line. When the power of the master gyro is recovered, the
Set Gyro alarm will be generated.
If this alarm occurs, set the gyro.
Gyro Set Alarm
Alarm characters
Alarm sound
Set Gyro
Beep sound (pipi-pipi)
Conditions
The signals from the gyro are stopped, but the gyro is
recovered.
5-45
5.6 Track Function
5.6
yy
yyy
TRACK FUNCTION
5.6.1 Past Position (Past POSN)
Procedures
Put the cursor on the past position display interval unit switching
(TT/AIS information ⑦ on page 2-23), and press the [ENT] key to set a
desired unit.
The past position display interval unit will be set to
min
or
NM .
Put the cursor on the past position display interval switching (TT/AIS
information ⑥ on page 2-23), and press the [ENT] key to set a desired
track display interval.
The past position will be set.
Off
Numeric
:Tracks are not displayed.
:Tracks are displayed at intervals of a specified value.
The past position function can display up to 10 past positions of a target under tracking. The past position
display interval can be set to specified time intervals of 0.5, 1, 2, or 4 minutes, or specified range intervals of
0.1, 0.2, 0.5, or 1 nm.
The specified interval is displayed in the past position display interval switching (TT / AIS information ⑥ on
page 2-23). When Off is displayed, the track display function is turned off.
The track mode operates in conjunction with the vector mode, and a true or relative track is displayed.
In relative vector mode, the relative tracks of the target are displayed.
In true vector mode, true tracks that are calculated from the relative bearing, range, own ship's course, and
speed are displayed.
The target is acquisition, past position of traced target is start plot.
The AIS target is displayed, past position of AIS target is start plot.
If the past position plotted time is short, the indicated past position duration may not have achieved the
specified time or range.
5-46
5.6.2 Target Ship's Tracks (Target Track)
This function makes settings for the tracks of tracked targets and AIS targets.
The system can display the tracks of up to 20 target ships.
[I] Track Color Setting (Target Track Color)
Procedures
Put the cursor on the tracked target or activated AIS target, and press
the [CLR / INFO] key.
The setting items for cursor modes will be displayed.
Press the [8] key.
The TT Target Information will appear.
Press the [2] key.
The setting items for Track Color will be displayed.
Press the [numeric] key corresponding to the track color to be set.
Colors set by performing the procedure in [III] Setting of Target Ship's Track Colors can
be selected.
Individual colors can be set for up to 10 ships.
The same color is set for 11 to 20 ships.
[II]
Target Ship's Track Function On/Off (Target Track Function)
Procedures
Open the T.TRK menu by performing the following menu operation.
T.TRK
Press the [1] key.
The Target Track Function will be set to on or off.
On
Off
:Target Track Function is turned on.
:Target Track Function is turned off.
* Note that when this function is turned off, all the other ship's track functions are turned off. In this case, the
track data of other ships is not saved, so they cannot be traced later.
5-47
5.6 Track Function
[III]
yy
yyy
Setting of Target Ship's Track Colors (Target Track Color)
You can set either one track color for all targets under tracking, or individual colors for the ships of track
numbers 1 to 10. The tracks of ships 11 to 20 are displayed in the same color.
* If the other ship's track function (Target Track Function) is turned off, the track data of other ships is not
saved.
Procedures
Open the Target Track Color menu by performing the following menu
operation.
T.TRK
→ 2. Target Track Color
Press the [1] key.
The setting items for All will be displayed.
Press the [numeric] key corresponding to the track display to be set.
Individual
Color name
:Track color is set individually for ships.
:One color is set for all ships.
Individual setting
Press the [numeric] key corresponding to the track number to be set.
The setting items for the selected track number will be displayed.
Press the [numeric] key corresponding to the track color to be set.
The track color of the selected track number will be set.
When Individual is selected, the track numbers Target Track No. 1
setting for Other are valid. Select a color for each target.
to
No. 10
and the individual
The color list is displayed by pressing the [numeric] key corresponding to the item number to be set. Select a
desired color. There are 8 color choices: Off , White , Gray , Blue , Green , Yellow , Pink , and
Red .
Target Track No. 1 to No. 10
:Setting for 1 to 10 ships
Other
:Setting for 11 to 20 ships
* Note that the individual setting is not enabled unless
5-48
Individual
is selected.
[IV]
Setting of Target Ship's Track Display (Target Track Display)
The target track display function can be turned on / off. Choices for track display are displaying / hiding the
tracks of all ships and Individual (displaying the tracks of individual ships).
Procedures
Open the Target Track Display menu by performing the following menu
operation.
T.TRK
→ 3. Target Track Display
Press the [1] key.
The setting items for All will be displayed.
Press the [numeric] key corresponding to the track display to be set.
Individual
Off
On
:Track display is set for individual ships.
:The tracks of all ships are hidden.
:The tracks of all ships are displayed.
* Even when Target Track Display is turned off, the track data of other ships is saved if Track Memory
Interval is set.
Individual setting
Press the [numeric] key corresponding to the track number to be set.
The selected track number display will be set to on or off.
On
Off
:The track number display is turned on.
:The track number display is turned off.
When Individual is selected, the track numbers Target Track No. 1 to
setting for Other are valid. Select on / off for each target.
Target Track No. 1 to No. 10
:Setting for 1 to 10 ships
Other
:Setting for 11 to 20 ships
* Note that the individual setting is not enabled unless
5-49
Individual
No. 10
is selected.
and the individual
5.6 Track Function
[V]
yy
yyy
Setting of Target Ship's Track Saving Interval (Track Memory Interval)
An interval for saving target ship's track data can be set.
* This function is not available when the Target Track Function is turned off.
Procedures
Open the T.TRK menu by performing the following menu operation.
T.TRK
Press the [4] key.
The setting items for Track Memory Interval will be displayed.
Press the [numeric] key corresponding to the interval to be set.
Select an interval from the following:
Off /
3sec / 5sec / 10sec / 30sec /
1min / 3min / 5min / 10min / 30min / 60min /
1nm / 3nm / 5nm / 10nm
5-50
[VI]
Clear of Target Ship's Track
The target ship's track can be cleared by setting a color or a track number.
If Card T.TRK Display is used, target ship's tracks displayed through the card cannot be cleared.
Clear of Tracks by Setting Color (Clear Track Color)
Procedures
Open the T.TRK menu by performing the following menu operation.
T.TRK
Press the [5] key.
The setting items for Clear Track Color will be displayed.
Press the [numeric] key corresponding to the color of the target tracks to
be cleared.
The Confirmation Window will appear.
Press the [1] key.
All the tracks of the selected color will be cleared.
Clear of Tracks by Setting Track Number (Clear Track Number)
Procedures
Open the T.TRK menu by performing the following menu operation.
T.TRK
Press the [6] key.
The setting items for Clear Track Number will be displayed.
Press the [numeric] key corresponding to the number of the tracks to be
cleared.
The Confirmation Window will appear.
Press the [1] key.
The tracks of the selected number will be cleared.
5-51
5.6 Track Function
[VII]
yy
yyy
Operation of Target Ship's Track Data Saved on Card (File Operations)
Target ship's track data can be saved on a flash memory card and read from the card.
Note: Data can be saved to a flash memory card until the card becomes full, but the number of files that can
be read and displayed is limited to 64 in alphanumeric order. When the number of files has reached 64,
delete unnecessary files.
Loading File (Load)
Procedures
Insert a flash memory card into the card slot
For the insertion and removal of the card, see HOW TO INSERT AND REMOVE A
CARD in the appendix.
Open the File Operations menu by performing the following menu
operation.
T.TRK
→ 7. File Operations
Press the [1] key and select a card slot.
The setting item for Select Card Slot is switched between Slot1 and Slot2.
Press the [2] key and select Add or Overwrite.
The setting item for Load Mode is switched between Add and Overwrite.
When Add is selected, new data is added to the current data on the card. When Overwrite
is selected, new data is saved over the current data on the card.
Press the [3] key.
Currently saved target ship's track data on the card will be listed.
Press the [numeric] key corresponding to the file to be loaded.
The Confirmation Window will appear.
Press the [1] key.
The selected target track data will be loaded and shown on the radar display.
5-52
Saving File (Save)
Procedures
Insert a flash memory card into the card slot.
For the insertion and removal of the card, see HOW TO INSERT AND REMOVE A
CARD in the appendix.
Open the File Operations menu by performing the following menu
operation.
T.TRK
→ 7. File Operations
Press the [1] key and select a card slot.
The setting item for Select Card Slot is switched between Slot1 and Slot2.
Press the [4] key.
The Save menu will appear.
Input the file name to be saved.
Up to 10 characters can be input as a file name.
For inputs to the characters input screen, refer to Section 3.3.4.
After the input, the Confirmation Window will appear.
Press the [1] key.
The currently displayed target track data will be saved.
5-53
5.6 Track Function
yy
yyy
Erasing File (Erase)
Procedures
Insert the flash memory card into the card slot.
For the insertion and removal of the card, see HOW TO INSERT AND REMOVE A
CARD in the appendix.
Open the File Operations menu by performing the following menu
operation.
T.TRK
→ 7. File Operations
Press the [1] key and select a card slot.
The setting item for Select Card Slot is switched between Slot1 and Slot2.
Press the [5] key.
The Erase menu will appear.
Currently saved target ship's track data on the card will be listed.
Press the [numeric] key corresponding to the file to be erased.
The Confirmation Window will appear.
Press the [1] key.
The selected target track data will be erased and the file name will disappear from the list.
5-54
Displaying File (Card Target Track Display)
Procedures
Insert the flash memory card into the card slot.
For the insertion and removal of the card, see HOW TO INSERT AND REMOVE A
CARD in the appendix.
Open the File Operations menu by performing the following menu
operation.
T.TRK
→ 7. File Operations
Press the [1] key and select a card slot.
The setting item for Select Card Slot is switched between Slot1 and Slot2.
Press the [6] key.
The Card T.TRK Display menu will appear.
Currently saved target ship's track data on the card will be listed.
Press the [numeric] key corresponding to the file to be displayed.
The Confirmation Window will appear.
Press the [1] key.
The selected file will be highlighted, and the currently saved target track data will be
displayed.
Cancellation
Open the Card T.TRK Display window.
The displayed file is highlighted.
Press the [numeric] key corresponding to the displayed file.
The Confirmation Window will appear.
Press the [1] key.
The file will be deselected and returned to normal display.
5-55
5.7 Trial Maneuvering
5.7
yy
yyy
TRIAL MANEUVERING
(TRIAL MANEUVER)
Attention
z Trial maneuvering is to simulate own ship’s course
and speed in the conditions that the course and
speed of a target ship are unchanged as they are.
As the situation is different from any actual ship
maneuvering, set values with large margins to CPA
Limit and TCPA Limit.
The trial maneuvering is the function of simulating own ship’s course and speed for collision avoidance when a
dangerous target appears. When the own ship's course and speed are entered in manual mode, the trial
maneuvering function checks if pre-acquired or pre-activated targets are dangerous.
The ranges of course and speed to be entered manually:
Course:
Speed:
360° (in 0.1° intervals)........................................................................... [EBL] dial
0 to 100 kn (in 0.1 kn steps)................................................................... [VRM] dial
5-56
Trial Maneuvering in the True Vector Mode
In the True Vector mode, calculations are performed according to the values set by Trial Speed, Trial Course
and other features, and the result is displayed as a bold-line that represents the change of own ship’s vector as
shown in the figure below (an example of the course changed to the right).
In this figure, the dangerous target forward left becomes safe as a result of simulation.
The tracked target information indicates the current CPA and TCPA values regardless of the result of
simulation.
5-57
5.7 Trial Maneuvering
yy
yyy
Trial Maneuvering in the Relative Vector Mode
The result of Trial maneuvering in the Relative Vector mode is shown by a change in target vector. In the figure
below (in the same conditions as in the True Vector mode in the previous page), it is seen that the acquired
target is a dangerous one because its vector is crossing the CPA RING.
The above figure shows that the relative vector of the target has changed as shown in the figure as a result of
simulation (course and speed), so that the symbol color is changed into “White”, a safe target.
Irrespective of the simulation results, the current CPA and TCPA values are shown in the tracked target
information just like when the true vector mode is active.
The course change of own ship is displayed as a dotted-line.
Better information is provided by using relative motion and sea stabilization.
5-58
Operation of Trial Maneuvering Function
Procedures
Press the [TT MENU] key.
Open the Trial Maneuver menu by performing the following menu
operation.
3. Trial Maneuver
Press the [1] key.
The Trial Function will be set to on or off.
On
Off
:The trial maneuvering function is turned on.
:The trial maneuvering function is turned off.
When Trial Function is set to on, the character " T " indicating trial maneuvering blinks in
the own ship display field of the radar display.
Set values for Course by turning the [EBL] dial, and for Speed by turning
the [VRM] dial.
Set other characteristics.
Vector Time
Time to Maneuver
Own Ship Dynamic Trait>
→ Reach
→
→
→
Turn Radius
Acceleration
Deceleration
:Vector time (1 to 60 min)
:Time until trial maneuvering is started (0 to 30 min)
:Dynamic trait of the own ship
:Range from when steered to when the ship
beings to turn (0 to 2000 m)
:Turning radius (0.10 to 2.00 nm)
:Acceleration (0.0 to 100 kn/min)
:Deceleration (0.0 to 100 kn/min)
For inputs to the value input screen, refer to Section 3.3.4.
Dangerous target symbols are displayed in red and safe target symbols in white.
* Vector Time is valid only when Trial Function is set to on. If it is off, the vector time before trial
maneuvering is displayed.
Time until the start of trial maneuvering is counted down immediately after the input.
The acceleration and deceleration are influenced depending on the relationship between the current speed
and the input speed for trial maneuvering.
If 0.0 kn/min is set for Acceleration when the speed for trial maneuvering is faster than the current
speed, or for Deceleration when the speed for trial maneuvering is slower than the current speed, the
system performs simulation on the assumption that the speed is changed immediately after the time set for
Time to Maneuver .
Cancellation
Press the [1] key while the Trial Maneuver menu is displayed.
The Trial Function will be set to on or off.
Off
:The trial maneuvering function is turned off.
5-59
SECTION 6
TRUE AND FALSE ECHOES ON DISPLAY
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
RADAR WAVE WITH THE HORIZON ...................................................... 6-1
STRENGTH OF REFLECTION FROM THE TARGET ............................. 6-3
SEA CLUTTER AND RAIN AND SNOW CLUTTER ................................ 6-5
FALSE ECHOES ...................................................................................... 6-9
DISPLAY OF RADAR TRANSPONDER (SART) ................................... 6-12
The radar operator has a role of interpreting the radar displays to provide his best aid in maneuvering the ship.
For this purpose, the operator has to observe the radar displays after fully understanding the advantages and
disadvantages that the radar has. For better interpretation of radar display, it is important to gain more
experiences by operating the radar equipment in fair weathers and comparing the target ships watched with the
naked eyes and their echoes on the radar display.
The radar is mainly used to monitor the courses of own ship and other ships in open seas, to check buoys and
other nautical marks when entering a port, to measure own ship’s position in the coastal waters relative to the
bearings and ranges of the shore or islands using a chart, and to monitor the position and movement of a heavy
rain if it appears on the radar display.
Various types of radar display will be explained below.
6.1
RADAR WAVE WITH THE HORIZON
Radar beam radiation has the nature of propagating nearly along the curved surface of the earth.
The propagation varies with the property of the air layer through which the radar beam propagates.
In the normal propagation, the distance (D) of the radar wave to the horizon is approximately 10% longer than
the distance to the optical horizon. The distance (D) is given by the following formula:
D=2.23( h1 + h2 )(nm)
h1: Height (m) of radar scanner above sea level
h2: Height (m) of a target above sea level
Figure 6.1 is a diagram for determining the maximum detection range of a target that is limited by the curve of
the earth surface in the normal propagation.
6-1
6.1
Radar Wave with the Horizon
yy
yyy
D (nm)
Height of Radar Scanner
Detective Range
Height of Target
Figure 6.1
When the height of own ship’s scanner is 10 m for instance,
(a) A target that can be detected at the radar range of 64 nm on the radar display is required to have a height
of 660 m or more.
(b) If the height of a target is 10 m, the radar range has to be approx. 15 nm. However, the maximum radar
range at which a target can be detected on the radar display depends upon the size of the target and the
weather conditions, that is, the radar range may increase or decrease depending upon those conditions.
6-2
6.2
STRENGTH OF REFLECTION FROM THE
TARGET
The signal intensity reflected from a target depends not only on the height and size of the target but also on its
material and shape. The echo intensity from a higher and larger target is not always higher in general.
In particular, the echo from a coast line is affected by the geographic conditions of the coast.
If the coast has a very gentle slop, the echo from a mountain of the inland appears on the radar display.
Therefore, the distance to the coast line should be measured carefully.
Mountain displayed
on the radar display
HL
Sea shore line not displayed
on the radar display.
Figure 6.2
Table 6.1 shows the graph indicating the relation between the target detection distance and the radar reflection
cross-sectional area (RCS) with regard to the type and the height of the target in a situation in which the
weather is good, the sea state is calm and the radio wave propagation is normal. As revealed by this table, even
on the same sea shore line, detection distance greatly differs depending on the height of the target from the
surface of the sea. Furthermore, because the target detection distance is greatly influenced by the shape and
material of the target and environmental conditions, such as the sea state, weather, and radio wave propagation,
caution should be taken when detecting distance of target.
6-3
6.2
yy
yyy
Strength of Reflection from the Target
Table 6.1 Relation between type and height of target and detection distance and RCS
Type of target
Height from
sea surface
(m)
Detection distance (NM)
RCS (m²)
X band
S band
X band
S band
Sea shore line
60
20
20
50,000
50,000
Sea shore line
5000
5000
Sea shore line
2500
2500
SOLAS target ship (>5000GT)
10
11
11
50,000
30,000
SOLAS target ship (>500GT)
1800
1000
Small boat with IMO standard
compatible radar reflector
5.0
3.7
Marine buoy with corner reflector
3.5
4.9
3.6
10
Standard marine buoy
3.5
4.6
3.0
0.5
10-meter small boat without radar
reflector
3.4
3.0
2.5
1.4
Waterway location beacon
2.0
1.0
0.1
7.5
0.5
Caution:
Detection distance shown in the above table may greatly decrease depending on the shape of
the target, sea state, weather and radio wave propagation conditions.
6-4
6.3
SEA CLUTTER AND RAIN AND SNOW
CLUTTER
In addition to the echo required for observing ships and land radar video image also includes unnecessary echo,
such as reflection from waves on the sea surface and reflection from rain and snow. Reflection from the sea
surface is called "sea clutter," and reflection from rain and snow is called "rain and snow clutter," and those
spurious waves must be eliminated by the clutter rejection function.
[I]
Sea clutter
Sea clutter appears as an image radiating outwardly from the center of the radar display and changing
depending on the size and the shape of waves. Generally, as waves become larger, image level of the sea
clutter is intensified and the clutter far away is also displayed. When waves are large and the sea clutter
level is high, it is difficult to distinguish sea clutter from a small boat whose reflection intensity is weak.
Accordingly, it is necessary to properly adjust the sea clutter rejection function. Table 6.2 shows the
relation between the sea state (SS) showing the size of waves generated by wind and the radar's detection
probability.
Table 6.2 Sea state and probability of target detection
RCS
SS1 to 2
SS2 to 3
SS3 to 4
0.1m
V-M
M-NV
0.5 m2
V-M
M-NV
V-M
1m
SS4 to 5
S band radar (probability to detect a target at a distance of 0.4 NM)
RCS
1m
5 m2
10 m
SS1 to 2
SS2 to 3
SS3 to 4
V-M
M-NV
V-M
M-NV
SS4 to 5
V-M
X band radar (probability to detect a target at a distance of 0.7 NM)
V:
Detection probability of 80 %
M: Detection probability of 50 %
NV: Detection probability of less than 50 %
6-5
6.3
Sea Clutter and Rain and Snow Clutter
yy
yyy
As shown in Table 6.3, the number of SS increases as the wind speed becomes high and the waves become
large. Table 6.2 reveals that detection probability decreases from V (80 %) to NV (less than 50 %) as the
number of SS increases. Therefore, even if the sea state is calm and a target clearly appears on the radar
display, when the sea state becomes rough, target detection probability decreases resulting in difficulty of
target detection by the radar.
Table 6.3 Relation between Douglas sea state and average wind speed and significant wave height
Sea state
Average wind speed (kn)
Significant wave height (m)
<4
<0.2
5-7
0.6
7-11
0.9
12-16
1.2
17-19
2.0
20-25
3.0
26-33
4.0
Significant wave height: an average of top N/3 higher waves when the number
of waves detected within a constant time duration is N
For example, in the case of a standard marine buoy, RCS of X band radar is 5 m2 as shown in Table 6.1.
When observing such a target in the sea state (SS3) in which significant wave height exceeds 1.2 meters,
detection probability is M-NV, as shown in Table 6.2, which indicates 50 % or less.
[II] Rain and snow clutter
Rain and snow clutter is a video image that appears in a location where rain or snow is falling. The image
changes according to the amount of rain (or the amount of snowfall). As precipitation increases, the image
of rain and snow clutter becomes intensified on the radar display, and in the case of localized heavy rain,
an image similar to the image indicating land is displayed in some cases. Furthermore, because radio
waves tend to attenuate due to rain and snow, the ability to detect a target in the rain and snow clutter or a
target beyond the rain and snow clutter may decrease. The amount of attenuation depends on the
transmission frequency, antenna beam width, and the pulse length. Figure 6.3 and Figure 6.4 show
examples in which detection distance is reduced due to the influence of precipitation. Because of this, a
target, which clearly appeared up to 10 NM by an X band radar (pulse width of 0.8 μs) when it was not
raining, may become dimly visible up to 5 NM when the amount of rain becomes 4 millimeters per hour.
Furthermore, when comparing the X band radar with the S band radar, target detection distance decreases
less when an S band radar is used, which means it is influenced less by precipitation.
6-6
16
Precipitation of 16 mm/hr Pulse width 0.05 μs
14
Precipitation of 4 mm/hr Pulse width 0.05 μs
Precipitation of 16 mm/hr Pulse width 0.8 μs
Detection distance while it is raining (NM)
Precipitation of 4 mm/hr Pulse width 0.8 μs
12
10
10
12
14
16
Detection distance while it is not raining (NM)
Figure 6.3
Decreased target detection distance by S band radar due to precipitation
16
Precipitation of 16 mm/hr Pulse width 0.05 μs
14
Precipitation of 4 mm/hr Pulse width 0.05 μs
Precipitation of 16 mm/hr Pulse width 0.8 μs
Detection distance while it is raining (NM)
Precipitation of 4 mm/hr Pulse width 0.8 μs
12
10
12
14
16
Detection distance while it is not raining (NM)
Figure 6.4
Decreased target detection distance by X band radar due to precipitation
6-7
6.3
Sea Clutter and Rain and Snow Clutter
yy
yyy
[III] Coping with sea clutter and rain and snow clutter
When the weather is bad and the ocean is rough, the use of an S band radar is effective because the radar is
not influenced by sea clutter so much and attenuation due to rain drops is small. When an X band radar is
used, reducing the pulse width will reduce the influence by spurious waves, and also the spurious wave
rejection function effectively works; therefore, the use of short pulse is effective when the weather is bad.
By using image processing functions PROC 1 to 3, it is expected that spurious waves are further
suppressed. Since optimal settings for those items can be automatically made by using the function mode,
it is recommended that STORM or RAIN be used by selecting the function mode when the weather is bad.
For details of the function mode, see Chapter 3.9.
However, these functions may make some targets invisible, particularly targets with higher speeds.
6-8
6.4
FALSE ECHOES
The radar observer may be embarrassed with some echoes that do not exist actually. These false echoes appear
by the following causes that are well known:
[I]
Shadow
When the radar scanner is installed near a funnel or mast, the echo of a target that exists in the direction of
the funnel or mast cannot appear on the radar display because the radar beam is reflected on the funnel or
mast. Whether there are some false echoes due to shadows can be checked monitoring the sea clutter
returns, in which there may be a part of weak or no returns.
Such shadows appear always in the same directions, which the operator should have in mind in radar
operation.
[II] Side Lobe Effect
A broken-line circular arc may appear at the same range as the main lobe of the radar beam on the radar
display. This type of false echo can easily be discriminated when a target echo appears isolated. (See
Figure 6.5)
Figure 6.5
[III] False Echo by Secondary Reflection
When a target exists near own ship, two echoes from the single target may appear on the radar display.
One of those echoes is the direct echo return from the target and the other is the secondary reflection return
from a mast or funnel that stands in the same direction as shown in Figure 6.6.
Figure 6.6
6-9
6.4
False Echoes
yy
yyy
[IV] False Echo by Multiple Reflection
When there is a large structure or ship with a high vertical surface near own ship as shown in Figure 6.7,
multiple refection returns may appear on the radar display. These echoes appear in the same intervals, of
which the nearest echo is the true echo of the target.
Figure 6.7
[V] Second Time Echoes
The maximum radar detection range depends upon the height of the scanner and the height of a target as
described in the section of “The Horizon for Radar Beam Radiation”. If a so-called “duct” occurs on the
sea surface due to a certain weather condition, however, the radar beam may propagate to a abnormally
long distance, at which a target may be detected by the radar.
For instance, assuming that the pulse length is MP3 (on the repetition frequency of 1400 Hz), the first
pulse is reflected from a target at about 58 NM or more and received during the next pulse repetition time.
In this case, a false echo (second time echo) appears at a position that is about 58 NM shorter than the
actual distance. If the false echo appears at 5 NM on the radar display, the true distance of the target is
5+58=63 NM. On the pulse length is SP1 (on the repetition frequency of 2250 Hz), a false echo may
appear at a position that is about 36 NM shorter than the actual distance.
This type of false echo can be discriminated by changing over the range scale (the repetition frequency),
because the distance of the target changes accordingly.
If second time echo is appeared, the use of Economy mode in PRF menu is effective. Otherwise, Stagger
Trigger menu set to on. (See section 3.8.3)
6-10
[VI] Radar Interference
When another radar equipment using the same frequency band as that on own ship is near own ship, a
radar interference pattern may appear on the radar display. This interference pattern consists of a number of
spots which appear in various forms. In many cases, these spots do not always appear at the same places,
so that they can be discriminated from the target echoes. (See Figure 6.8)
Figure 6.8
If radar equipment causing an interference pattern and this radar are of the same model, their transmitting
repetition frequency is nearly the same. As a result, interference patterns may be displayed concentrically.
In this case, the interference patterns cannot be eliminated by using only the interference reflector function,
so press [TX/PRF] key several times to fine-tune the transmitting repetition frequency.
An interference suppressing effect can be heightened by applying a different transmitting repetition
frequency to the interference pattern source radar and this radar.
6-11
6.5
6.5
Display of Radar Transponder
yy
yyy
DISPLAY OF RADAR TRANSPONDER
(SART)
The SART (Search and rescue Radar Transponder) is a survival device authorized by the GMDSS (Global
Maritime Distress and Safety System), which is used for locating survivors in case that a distress accident
occurs at sea. The SART is designed to operate in the 9 GHz frequency band.
When receiving the 9 GHz radar signal (interrogating signal) transmitted from the radar equipment on a rescue
ship or search aircraft, the SART transmit a series of response signals to inform the distress position to the
rescue and search party.
* This radar provides a shortcut item to make settings for SART signal reception. Execution of this item
automatically switches to the setting for SART reception.
It also functions for detect the beacon or target enhancer.
Procedures
1 Press [RANGE +] or [RANGE -] key to set the radar range to 6
NM or 12 NM.
2 Press [RADAR MENU] key twice, and then set the SART display
mode according to the procedures below.
2. RADAR Menu
→ 1. Process Setting
→ 9. SART
On
Off
: SART ON
: SART OFF
With the SART display mode set to ON, settings as shown below are made automatically.
(1) Sea clutter control:
Minimum (Most counterclockwise)
(2) AUTO SEA function:
OFF
(3) Rain and Snow Clutter Control (RAIN):
minimum
(4) Auto Rain and Snow Clutter function (AUTO RAIN):
OFF
(5) TUNE control:
No tuning (to weaken clutter echoes)
(6) Interference rejecter (IR):
OFF
(7) PROCESS:
OFF
6-12
[Example of Display]
Attention
z When the SART function is set to ON, small targets around own ship will
disappear from the radar display. So it is necessary to exercise full
surveillance over the conditions around own ship by visual watch in
order to avoid any collision or stranding.
If two or more sets of radar equipment are installed on own ship, use
one set of 9 GHz band radar for detection of the SART signal and
operate others as normal radars for avoiding collision, monitoring
targets around own ship, and checking on own ship’s position and
avoidance of stranding.
After end of detecting the START signal, turn the START display off.
Then the radar returns normally to the nautical mode.
6-13
SECTION 7
SETTINGS FOR SYSTEM OPERATION
7.1
7.2
7.3
7.4
SETTINGS AT INSTALLATION ................................................................ 7-1
SETTINGS .............................................................................................. 7-10
ADJUSTMENT........................................................................................ 7-22
MAINTENANCE MENU .......................................................................... 7-30
7.1
SETTINGS AT INSTALLATION
This section describes the electrical adjustment procedures to be performed by service engineers during system
installation.
The bearing adjustment value is saved to non-volatile memory in the scanner. Other settings are saviedto
non-volatile memory in the radar process unit.
CAUTION
Do not carry out the adjustments of the equipment
except authorized service persons. If wrong setting is
carried out, this may cause unstable operation.
Do not carry out the adjustments during navigation.
Otherwise, the radar performance may be affected,
resulting in an accident or trouble.
7.1.1
How to Open the Serviceman Menu
Procedures
1. Press the [RADAR Menu] key for 2 seconds.
The Code Input menu will appear.
2. Press [0] key.
3. Put the cursor on the
press the [ENT] key.
ENT
The Serviceman Menu will appear.
7-1
button, and
7.1
7.1.2
yyy
Settings at Installation yyyy
GYRO I/F Setting
The GYRO I/F circuit of the system is designed to be compatible with most types of gyro compasses by simply
setting the switches.
Step motor type: 20 to 170 VDC
Synchro-motor type: Primary excitation voltage 35 to 120 VAC
Before power-on operation can be performed, the switches S1 to S5 on the GYRO I/F circuit (PC4201) must be
set in accordance with the type of your gyro compass by performing the procedure below. The switches are
factory-set for a gyration ratio of 180X and the step motor type. Make sure of the type of the gyro compass
installed on the own ship before starting the procedure below.
Procedures
1. Set S1 to "OFF."
The gyro compass and GYRO I/F are turned off.
2. Set S2 and S3 in accordance with the type of your gyro compass.
There are two types of gyro compasses: one type outputs a step signal, and the other type
outputs a synchro signal. Make sure of the type of the gyro compass installed on the own
ship before setting the switches S2 and S3.
Synchro signal: Set the switches to [SYNC].
Step signal: Set the switches to [STEP].
3. Set the DIP switch S4.
The items to be set are listed below. For the settings, refer to Table 7-1.
S4-1:
LOG alarm ON/OFF
S4-2:
GYRO simulator ON/OFF
S4-3:
LOG simulator ON/OFF
S4-5:
Time before occurrence of GYRO alarm
S4-6:
Sensor to be used (GYRO/NMEA)
S4-7/8: Baud rate when NMEA is used
4. Set the DIP switch S5.
The items to be set are listed below. For the setting, refer to Table 7-2.
S5-1:
Type of gyro signal (step/synchro)
S5-2/3: Gyration ratio of gyro compass
S5-4:
Gyration direction of gyro compass
S5-5:
Type of log signal (pulse/synchro)
S5-7/8: Ratio of log signal
5. Connect the gyro signal and log signal cables to the terminal block.
6. Set S1 to "ON."
The gyro compass and GYRO I/F are connected.
7. After power-on operation, set the true bearing according to Section 7.1.7.
8. Make sure of the radar video and the operation with the true bearing
value.
9. If the true bearing value of the radar equipment is reversed, change the
setting of the switch S5-4.
7-2
Table 7-1 Setting Table (S4 DIP Switch)
S4 SETTING
ON
OFF
BSHLOG ALM
OFF
ON
OFF
ON
OFF
OFF
ON
ON
100P／30X
ON
ON
200P／90X
OFF
ON
400P／180X
ON
OFF
800P／360X
OFF
OFF
ON
OFF
GYRO SIMULATOR
ON
OFF
LOG SIMULATOR
N.C. (No Connection)
OFF
5 SEC
ON
0.2 SEC
OFF
HDT ( NMEA (HDT/THS) )
GYRO
4800 BPS
9600 BPS
19200 BPS
38400 BPS
GYRO ALM TIME
GYRO SRC
(Heading Sensor Source)
NMEA BAUDRATE
ON
OFF
LOG SETTING
S5 SETTING
STEP
SYNC
ON
OFF
36X
90X
180X
360X
RATIO
GYRO SETTING
Table 7-2 Setting Table (S5 DIP Switch)
DIRECTION
ON
ON
OFF
ON
ON
OFF
OFF OFF
REV (Reverce)
NOR (Normal)
ON
OFF
SYNC (Synchro)
PULSE
NC (No Connection)
ON
OFF
OFF
PULSE/NM
7-3
7.1
7.1.3
yyy
Settings at Installation yyyy
Tuning (Tune Adjustment)
Adjust the tuning control for the transmitter and receiver.
The turning control should be adjusted when the system is installed or when the magnetron is replaced.
Procedures
1. Set a range of 48 NM or more.
2. Open the Serviceman Menu.
3. Perform the following menu open procedure to open the Tune
Adjustment menu.
1. Adjust Menu
→ 1. Tune Adjustment
4. Adjust the tune adjustment value so that the tune indicator bar at the
upper left of the display is maximized.
For how to input numeric data on the numeric value input screen, see Section 3.3.4.
5. Move the cursor onto the
ENT
button, and press the [ENT] key.
[I] Tune Indicator Adjustment
Set the scale mark when the tune indicator bar reaches the maximum point.
Procedures
1. Set a range of 48 NM or more.
2. Open the Serviceman Menu.
3. Perform the following menu open procedure to open the Tune Indicator
Adjust menu.
1. Adjust Menu
→ 4. TXRX Adjustment
→ 3. Tune Indicator Adjust
4. Adjust the tune indicator adjustment value so that the tune indicator bar
at the upper left of the display reaches a point of 80 to 90% of the
maximum.
For how to input numeric data on the numeric value input screen, see Section 3.3.4.
5. Move the cursor onto the
7-4
ENT
button, and press the [ENT] key.
•
With the JMA-5312 radar:
For this model, perform Tune Peak Adjustment explained below.
After the above adjustment procedure, perform the adjustment procedures below.
[II] Tune Peak Adjustment
Adjust the tune indicator and echo peak.
Procedures
1. Set a range of 48 NM or more.
2. Open the Serviceman Menu.
3. Perform the following menu open procedure to open the Tune Peak
Adjustment menu.
1. Adjust Menu
→ 4. TXRX Adjustment
→ 2. Tune Peak Adjustment
4. Adjust the tune peak adjustment value so that the tune indicator bar at
the upper left of the display is maximized.
For how to input numeric data on the numeric value input screen, see Section 3.3.4.
5. Move the cursor onto the
7.1.4
ENT
button, and press the [ENT] key.
Bearing Adjustment
Make adjustment so that the bearing of the target measured with the ship’s compass matches the bearing of the
target echo on the radar display.
Procedures
1. Select H Up for the bearing presentation. Set video processing (PROC) to
OFF.
2. Measure the bearing of an adequate target (e.g., a ship at anchor, a
breakwater, or a buoy) relative to own ship’s heading.
3. Open the Serviceman Menu.
4. Perform the following menu open procedure to open the Bearing
Adjustment menu.
1. Adjust Menu
→ 2. Bearing Adjustment
5. Adjust the bearing adjustment value so that the target measured in step 2
is adjusted to the correct bearing.
For how to input numeric data on the numeric value input screen, see Section 3.3.4.
Make adjustment by the 0.1°.
6. Move the cursor onto the
7-5
ENT
button, and press the [ENT] key.
7.1
7.1.5
yyy
Settings at Installation yyyy
Range Adjustment
Make adjustment so that the range of a target on the radar display is shown correctly.
Procedures
1. Search the radar display for a target of which range is already known.
2. Open the Serviceman Menu.
3. Perform the following menu open procedure to open the Range
Adjustment menu.
1. Adjust Menu
→ 3. Range Adjustment
4. Adjust the range adjustment value so that the target measured in step 1
is adjusted to the correct range. (For inputs to the value input screen,
refer to Section 3.3.4.)
5. Move the cursor onto the
7.1.6
ENT
button, and press the [ENT] key.
Navigator Setting (Device)
Determine whether to connect navigators to the radar equipment.
Only the navigators set to ON here can be used.
Procedures
1. Open the Serviceman Menu.
2. Perform the following menu open procedure to open the Device
Installation menu.
2. Installation Menu
→ 9. Next
→ 3. Device Installation
3. Select On for navigators connected to the radar equipment, and
Off for navigators not connected.
GYRO:
Compass:
GPS Compass:
Log:
2AXW:
2AXG:
GPS:
Gyro (via GYRO I/F)
Compass (Compliant with IEC61162)
GPS compass produced by JRC
Log (via GYRO I/F)
2-axis log (Speed over water: Compliant with IEC61162)
2-axis log (Speed over ground: Compliant with IEC61162)
GPS (Compliant with IEC61162)
7-6
7.1.7
Setting of True Bearing Value
If GYRO I/F is used to input a gyro signal, the true bearing value indicated by the master gyro does not match
the value indicated by the radar equipment only in a rare case. In this case, perform the following procedure to
adjust the true bearing value of the radar equipment to the value of the master gyro.
Procedures
1. Press the [RADAR MENU] key twice, and perform the following menu
open procedure to open the true bearing value setting menu.
4. NAV Equipment Setting
→ 1. GYRO Setting
2. Input the master gyro value to the value input screen. (For inputs to the
value input screen, refer to Section 3.3.4.)
3. Move the cursor onto the
7.1.8
ENT
button, and press the [ENT] key.
Antenna Height Setting (Antenna Height)
Set the height of radar antenna above sea level. Do not change this setting carelessly.
Procedures
1. Measure the height of radar antenna above sea level in advance.
2. Open the Serviceman Menu.
3. Perform the following menu open procedure to open the Antenna Height
setting menu.
1. Adjust Menu
→ 4. TXRX Adjustment
→ 1. Antenna Height
4. Select the setting that matches the antenna height measured in step 1.
7-7
7.1
7.1.9
yyy
Settings at Installation yyyy
Setting of CCRP/Antenna/GPS Antenna Position (CCRP Setting)
Set the own ship's CCRP location, radar antenna installation location, and GPS installation location.
CCRP:
Up to four locations can be input. (One location selected when used)
Radar antenna: Up to eight radar antennas can be input. (Automatically selected in response to ISW
operation)
GPS:
Up to four locations can be input. (One location selected when used)
Procedures
1. Measure the CCRP location, radar antenna location, and GPS antenna
location in advance.
2. Open the Serviceman Menu.
3. Perform the following menu open procedure to open the CCRP Setting
menu.
2. Installation Menu
→ 4. CCRP Setting
4. Specify the ship length for Length at the upper right of the CCRP Setting
Menu, and the ship width for Beam.
5. Move the cursor onto the CCRP1 X, Y value, and press the ENT key to
input the CCRP1 location.
When X > 0, the CCRP is on the starboard side of the ship. When X < 0, it is on the port
side.
6. To input the second CCRP, press the CCRP2 button to display the
CCRP2 X,Y value, and input the value in the same manner for step 5.
Similarly, input the third and subsequent CCRPs.
7. Repeat the above steps to input the GPS location(s) and radar antenna
location(s).
8. If multiple CCRP locations and GPS locations are input, select the CCRP
location and GPS location to be used by pressing the buttons at the
upper left of the menu.
9. Press [0] key to close the CCRP Setting menu.
7-8
7-9
7.2
7.2
yyy
Settings yyyy
SETTINGS
This section describes the electrical adjustment procedures to be performed by service engineers during system
installation.
CAUTION
Do not carry out the adjustments of the equipment
except authorized service persons. If wrong setting is
carried out, this may cause unstable operation.
Do not carry out the adjustments during navigation.
Otherwise, the radar performance may be affected,
resulting in an accident or trouble.
7.2.1
Communication Port Setting (COM Port Setting)
External sensor signals are input to the radar equipment through a communication port. The radar equipment
has five communication ports. For signals to be input from sensors or to be output to the sensors,
communication ports need to be set in accordance with the sensors.
[I] Baud Rate Setting
Set the baud rate of the signal to be input to the COM port.
Procedures
1. Open the Serviceman Menu.
2. Perform the following menu open procedure to open the Baud Rate
setting menu.
2. Installation Menu
→ 5. COM Port Setting
→ 1. Baud Rate
7-10
3. Set the baud rate of the port to be set.
Selection value
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
COMPASS：
NAV1：
NAV2：
GPS：
NMEA：
4800(NMEA)/9600(NSK)/38400(Fast NMEA) bps
1200/4800/9600/38400 bps
1200/4800/9600/38400 bps
1200/4800/9600/38400 bps
1200/4800/9600/38400/115200 bps
The bold values are factory-set.
The compass port is a receive-only port that is dedicated to COMPASS signals.
[II] Reception Port Setting (RX Port)
Set the numbers of ports for receiving signals from sensors.
There are two methods for receiving signals: specifying a port for each sensor, or using the automatic
recognition function without specifying ports.
Procedures
1. Open the Serviceman Menu.
2. Perform the following menu open procedure to open the RX Port setting
menu.
2. Installation Menu
→ 5. COM Port Setting
→ 2. RX Port
3. Set a port for each sensor.
Settable sensor signals
GPS, DLOG, Alarm, Depth, Temperature, Wind, Current, ROT, RSA
Selectable ports
When the automatic recognition function is used: AUTO
When ports are specified: NAV1, NAV2, GPS, and NMEA
7-11
7.2
yyy
Settings yyyy
[III]Reception Sentence Setting (RX Sentence)
Set signal sentences to be received from sensors.
The system is factory-set for using all sentences.
To receive only specified sentences, select No Use
Procedures
for sentences which are not necessary.
1. Open the Serviceman Menu.
2. Perform the following menu open procedure to open the RX Sentence
setting menu.
2. Installation Menu
→ 5. COM Port Setting
→ 3. RX Sentence
3. Select the sentences to be used by the sensors to be set.
Selection value: (Use) or (No Use) can be set for each sentence.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
GPS(LL/COG/SOG):
GPS(WPT/Time):
Depth:
Wind:
Current:
Data Set Number:
Layer A:
Layer B:
Layer C:
GGA/RMC/RMA/GNS/GLL/VTG
GGA/RMC/RMB/BWC/BWR/ZDA
DPT/DBK/DBT/DBS
MWV/MWD
0-9. Set the number of the sentence to be used by Data Set
Number. (Initial value All)
0-999. Set the number of the sentence to be used with layer A
by Layer Number. (Initial value 3)
0-999. Set the number of the sentence to be used with layer B
by Layer Number. (Initial value 4)
0-999. Set the number of the sentence to be used with layer C
by Layer Number. (Initial value 5)
7-12
[IV]
Transmission Port Setting (TX Port)
For each sentence, set a communication port through which signals are transmitted to sensors.
Procedures
1. Open the Serviceman Menu.
2. Perform the following menu open procedure to open the TX Port setting
menu
2. Installation Menu
→ 5. COM Port Setting
→ 4. TX Port
3. Select the communication port through which the sentence to be set is
output.
Settable sentences
TTM(TT), TLL(TT), TTD(TT), TLB(TT), OSD, RSD, ALR, ACK,
TTM(AIS), TLL(AIS), TTD(AIS), TLB(AIS), RemoteMaintenance,
JRC-ARPA, APB, BOD, GGA, GLL, RMC, RMB, VTG, XTE,
BWC, HDT, THS
Selectable ports
NAV1, ARPA, GPS, and NMEA
4. Select the output format, talker, and transmission interval.
Signals for which the above items can be set:
• NMEA0183 Output Format
Signal names: APB, BOD, GGA, GLL, RMC, RMB,VTG, XTE, BWC, HDT, THS
Selection Value: V1.5, V2.0, and V2.3
• NMEA0183 Talker
Signal names: APB, BOD,RMB, XTE, BWC, HDT, THS
Selection Value:
Standard: The talker is RA.
GP: The talker is GP.
For TTM, TLL, TTD, TLB, OSD, RSD and ALR the talker is always RA .
For GGA, GLL, RMC, and VTG, the talker is always GP.
• NMEA0183 TX Interval
Signal names: APB, BOD, GGA, GLL, RMC, RMB,VTG, XTE, BWC, HDT, THS
Selection Value: Set an interval in the range 1 to 9 seconds.
7-13
7.2
yyy
Settings yyyy
[V] GPS Receive Port Setting (Select NAV Equipment)
Select the receive port of GPS data.
Procedures
1. Open the Serviceman Menu.
2. Perform the following menu open procedure to open the COM Port
setting menu
2. Installation Menu
→ 5. COM Port Setting
3. Press the [5] key.
Units of Select NAV Equipment are switched.
Internal GPS
External GPS
7.2.2
: The receive port is selected GPS connector of processor unit
(JRC’s GPS).
: The receive port is selected GPS terminal of terminal board circuit.
Sector Blank Setting (Sector Blank)
In order not to display radar echoes, set a sector and stop transmission in the bearing. Three sector blank areas
can be created.
The sector blank function operates in the relative bearing with the bow.
[I] Sector Blank Function On/Off (Sectors 1, 2, and 3)
Procedures
1. Open the Serviceman Menu.
2. Perform the following menu open procedure to open the Sector Blank
setting menu.
2. Installation Menu
→ 3. Sector Blank
3. Set the sector blank number
function operates.
1,
2 , or
with which the sector blank
The system allows the use of up to three sector blank areas.
Set each sector blank area to on or off.
On: The sector blank function is operated.
Off: The sector blank function is stopped.
7-14
[II] Sector Blank Area Creation (Make Sectors 1, 2, and 3)
Procedures
1. Transmit the radar.
2. Open the Serviceman Menu.
3. Perform the following menu open procedure to open the Sector Blank
setting menu.
2. Installation Menu
→ 3. Sector Blank
4. Press numeric keys corresponding to the desired sector creation
Make Sector N .
The selected sector blank will be made.
5. Set the starting bearing of the sector blank by operating the [EBL] dial,
and press the [ENT] key.
6. Set the ending azimuth of the sector blank by operating the [EBL] dial,
and press the [ENT] key.
7.2.3
TNI Blank Setting (TNI Blank)
Set a sector and stop tuning operation in the bearing.
If a structure such as the mast is close to the radar antenna, automatic tuning operation may become unstable. In
this case, set a TNI blank in the direction of the structure in order to stabilize the tuning operation.
Only one TNI blank sector can be created. The TNI blank function operates in the relative bearing with the bow
as the benchmark.
[I] TNI Blank Function On/Off (Sector)
Procedures
1. Open the Serviceman Menu.
2. Perform the following menu open procedure to open the TNI Blank
setting menu.
2. Installation Menu
→ 9. Next
→ 2. TNI Blank
3. Select the item 1. TNI Blank
blank function.
in the menu, and turn on or off the TNI
On: The TNI blank function is operated.
Off: The TNI blank function is stopped.
7-15
7.2
yyy
Settings yyyy
[II] TNI Blank Area Creation (Make Sector)
Procedures
1. Transmit the radar.
2. Open the Serviceman Menu.
3. Perform the following menu open procedure to open the TNI Blank
setting menu.
2. Installation Menu
→ 9. Next
→ 2. TNI Blank
4. Press the
2. Make Sector
button in the menu.
5. Set the starting bearing of the TNI blank by operating the [EBL] dial, and
press the [ENT] key.
6. Set the ending bearing of the TNI blank by operating the [EBL] dial, and
press the [ENT] key.
7.2.4
Setting of Bearing Pulses from Antenna (Output Pulse)
Set the output value of bearing pulses from the antenna. The system can set 2048 pulses or 4096 pulses. This
setting is enabled only when an antenna of 25 or 30 kW is used.
Procedures
1. Open the Serviceman Menu.
2. Perform the following menu open procedure to open the Output Pulse
setting menu.
1. Adjust Menu
→ 4. TXRX Adjustment
→ 6. Output Pulse
3. Set the number of pulses to be output by the antenna.
2048: 2048 pulses per antenna rotation (Recommended value)
4096: 4096 pulses per antenna rotation
* If a 10 kW antenna is used, 2048 is always set.
7-16
7.2.5
Slave Mode Setting (Master/Slave)
Place the system in the Slave mode when it is to be operated as the sub-display that displays radar echoes
by using radar signals from other radar equipment.
The input value of externally input bearing pulses can be set. The system can set 2048 pulses or 4096 pulses.
[I] Slave Mode Setting (Master/Slave)
Procedures
1. Open the Serviceman Menu.
2. Perform the following menu open procedure to open the installation
setting menu.
2. Installation Menu
3. Select Slave for the item
2. Master/Slave
in the menu.
Master: The system operates as radar equipment while the own antenna is connected.
Slave: The system operates as a sub-display while the signal cable of other radar
equipment is connected.
[II] Setting of Input Bearing Pulse (Input BP Count)
Procedures
1. Open the Serviceman Menu.
2. Perform the following menu open procedure to open the second page of
the installation setting menu.
2. Installation Menu
→ 9. Next
3. Set the number of pulses for the item
2048:
4096:
2048 pulses per antenna rotation
4096 pulses per antenna rotation
7-17
1. Input BP Count
in the menu.
7.2
7.2.6
yyy
Settings yyyy
Language Setting (Language)
The system is designed to switch between display languages, Japanese and English.
Procedures
1. Open the Serviceman Menu.
2. Perform the following menu open procedure to open the language
setting menu.
2. Installation Menu
→ 8. Language
3. Select the language to be used.
1. English
2. Japanese
3. Other
3. Other is an option to display character strings created by our agents.
Ask the agent or our sales department if your language is supported.
4. To determine the selected language, turn the radar off, and then turn it
on.
7.2.7
Date Time Setting
To display time, the local time, local date, and time-zone difference must be set.
However, if the "ZDA" sentence of NMEA0183 is received, time can be automatically displayed.
Procedures
1. Press the [RADAR MENU] key twice, and then perform the following
menu open procedure to open the Date/Time Setting menu.
5. Sub Menu
→ 6. Date/Time Setting
7-18
2. Set information about date and time.
[1]
UTC/LMT (Time display system)
UTC: Universal Time Coordinate
LMT: Local Mean Time
[2]
LMT Date
Input the date in local time.
[3]
LMT Time
Input the time in local time.
[4]
Time Zone
Input the time-zone difference between the universal time and local time.
[5]
Display Style
Set one of the following date display formats.
YYYY-MM-DD
Example: 2007-12-31
MMM DD, YYYY
Example: Dec 31, 2007
DD MMM, YYYY
Example: 31 Dec, 2007
[6]
Synchronize with GPS
A ZDA sentence sent by the GPS is used, thereby displaying time synchronized with
the GPS time.
On: Time synchronized with the GPS time
Off: Time not synchronized with the GPS time
* If On is selected for this item but a ZDA sentence is not input, the system internal
clock function is used to display the date and time.
7.2.8
Input Installation Information
The system can input installation information.
Procedures
1. Open the Serviceman Menu.
2. Perform the following menu open procedure to open the language
setting menu.
2. Installation Menu
→ 1. Installation Information
3. Input the installation information.
For the input method on the numeric value and character input screens, see Section 3.3.4.
[1]
Date
Input the date of installed system.
[2]
Name
Input the name of installation personel.
[3]
Company
Input the name of radar installer.
7-19
7.2
7.2.9
yyy
Settings yyyy
Setting the Alarm System
Setting the relay output (Relay Output)
This function enables the control of ARPAALM terminal (on the terminal board circuit).
Procedures
1. Open the Serviceman Menu.
2. Perform the following menu open procedure to open the language
setting menu.
2. Installation Menu
→ 6. Alarm System
→ 2. Relay Output
3. Press the [1] key.
The Relay Output mode is switched.
Continuous
Intermittent
: The output is continuously controlled.
: The output is intermittenly controlled.
4. Press the [numeric] key corresponding to the item to be changed.
The item can be turned on / off.
On
: The relay output is turned on when alarm have issued.
Off
: The relay output is not turned on when alarm have issued.
2. TT CPA/TCPA
3. AIS CPA/TCPA
4. New Target
5. Lost
6. RADAR Alarm
: There is a dangerous target. (tracked target)
: There is a dangerous target. (AIS target)
: A new target is acquired in the automatic acquisition zone.
: There is a lost target. (Target Tracking / AIS).
: Targets have entered the radar alarm range.
Setting the ALR output (ALR Output)
This function enables the control of ALR port (See the section 7.2.1).
Procedures
1. Open the Serviceman Menu.
2. Perform the following menu open procedure to open the language
setting menu.
2. Installation Menu
→ 6. Alarm System
→ 3. ALR Output
3. Press the [numeric] key corresponding to the item to be changed.
The item is turned on / off.
On
: The ALR sentence is output when alarm have issued.
Off
: The ALR sentence is not output when alarm have issued.
1. System Alarm
2.TT/AIS Alarm
: The internal alarm.
: Target Tracking Alarms and AIS Function Alarms.
7-20
Setting the External Acknowledgement (External ACK Setting)
This function enables the control of system when ACK sentence have received.
Procedures
1. Open the Serviceman Menu.
2. Perform the following menu open procedure to open the language
setting menu.
2. Installation Menu
→ 6. Alarm System
→ 5. External ACK Setting
3. Press the [numeric] key corresponding to the menu to be changed.
Critical Alarm
Normal Alarm
：CPA/TCPA alarm.
：Exept Critical Alarm.
4. Press the [numeric] key corresponding to the item to be changed.
The item is switched.
Audio
On
Off
Indication
Lighting
Brinking
: Setting of alarm sound.
: The alarm sound is not stopped when acknowridgement have
received.
: The alarm sound is stopped when acknowridgement have received.
: Setting of alarm indication.
: The alarm indication brinking is stopped when acknowridgement
have received.
: The alarm indication brinking is not stopped when
acknowridgement have received.
Acknowridge State : Setting of ALR sentence.
A:ACK
: Add acknowridgement to ALR sentence.
V:UNACK
: Add no acknowridgement (unrecognized) to ALR
sentence.
7-21
7.3
7.3
yyy
Adjustment yyyy
ADJUSTMENT
This section describes the electrical adjustment procedures to be performed by service engineers during system
installation.
CAUTION
Do not carry out the adjustments of the equipment
except authorized service persons. If wrong setting is
carried out, this may cause unstable operation.
Do not carry out the adjustments during navigation.
Otherwise, the radar performance may be affected,
resulting in an accident or trouble.
7.3.1
Noise Level Adjustment (Noise Level)
[I] Noise Level Adjustment for Signal Processing
Procedures
1. Open the Serviceman Menu.
2. Perform the following menu open procedure to open the noise level
adjustment menu.
9. SP/TT Initial Setup
→ 1. Signal Processing
→ 1. Echo Noise Level
3. Increase/decrease the noise level adjustment value.
The noise level is factory-set.
After system installation, a great change in the noise level adjustment value should be
avoided; it should be fine adjusted within ±5.
7-22
[II] Noise Level Adjustment Mode (Setting Mode)
A noise level is factory-adjusted while this mode is turned on.
Procedures
1. Open the Serviceman Menu.
2. Perform the following menu open procedure to open the noise level
adjustment menu.
9. SP/TT Initial Setup
→ 1. Signal Processing
→ 2. Setting Mode
The noise level adjustment mode is switched between on and off.
Factory-adjustment method
• The GAIN control is set to the maximum position, the SEA control is set to the
minimum position, the RAIN control is set to the minimum position, and IR,
AUTO-SEA, AUTO-RAIN, PROC, FUNC, and TRAILS are all set to off.
• The noise level adjustment mode is turned on.
• While the noise level adjustment value is decreased gradually, the value with which
radar echoes no longer appear is determined as the set value.
• Ten is added to the set value (with which radar echoes no longer appear), and the result
is set as the final noise level adjustment value.
• The noise level adjustment mode is turned off when the adjustment is finished.
7-23
7.3
7.3.2
yyy
Adjustment yyyy
Adjustment of Target Tracking Function (TT)
[I] Vector Constant Adjustment (Vector Constant)
Adjust the vector follow-up performance of the target tracking function.
The vector constant is adjusted to an optimal value, so do not change it carelessly.
Attention
z Do not change the set value carelessly.
The vector constant shall be set to 4 normally. If the
vector constant value is higher, a target’s vector will
be better followed up when the target and own ship
change their course or speed, but the vector
accuracy will be lower on the contrary.
Procedures
1. Open the Serviceman Menu.
2. Perform the following menu open procedure to open the Vector Constant
adjustment menu.
9. SP/TT Initial Setup
→ 2. TT
→ 1. Vector Constant
The window for setting vector constants will appear.
3. Input the value to be set.
To improve vector follow-up performance, increase the set value.
To stabilize vectors, decrease the set value.
7-24
[II] Quantization Level Adjustment (Video Level)
Use the target tracking function (TT) to adjust the level of the signal to be recognized as a target. If a small
value is set, even weak target signals will be input to the target detection circuit of the target tracking function.
However, many unnecessary signals are also input, which may cause unstable target acquisition or tracking. It
is important to set a value four or five greater than the value with which unnecessary signals are detected.
The quantization level is adjusted to an optimal value, so do not change it carelessly.
CAUTION
Do not change the set quantization level
carelessly. If the level deviates from the proper
value, the target acquisition and tracking
functions will deteriorate. Otherwise, this may
cause accidents.
Procedures
1. Open the Serviceman Menu.
2. Perform the following menu open procedure to open the target tracking
setting menu.
9. SP/TT Initial Setup
→ 2. TT
3. To change the quantization level of the automatic acquisition area,
specify the item 2. Video TD Level in the menu. To change the
quantization level of tracking and manual acquisition, specify the item
3. Video High Level .
7-25
7.3
yyy
Adjustment yyyy
[III]Gate Size Adjustment (Gate Size)
Use the target tracking function (TT) to set a target search area.
The gate size is adjusted to an optimal value, so do not change it carelessly.
Procedures
1. Open the Serviceman Menu.
2. Perform the following menu open procedure to open the Gate Size
setting menu.
9. SP/TT Initial Setup
→ 2. TT
→ 5. Gate Size
3. Select a gate size.
Narrow:
Normal:
Wide:
[IV]
Small gate size
Medium gate size
Large gate size
CPA Limit Ring Display On/Off (Limit Ring)
Use the target tracking function (TT) to determine whether to display the CPA limit for determining a
dangerous ship. When the CPA limit ring display function is turned on and a relative vector is used, the CPA
limit ring is displayed as a red circle.
Procedures
1. Open the Serviceman Menu.
2. Perform the following menu open procedure to set the limit ring display
to ON/OFF.
9. SP/TT Initial Setup
→ 2. TT
→ 6. Limit Ring
Off: Limit ring not displayed
On: Limit ring displayed
7-26
7.3.3
Main Bang Suppression Adjustment (MBS)
Main Bang Suppression is adjusted to suppress main bang, a reflection signal from 3D circuit including wave
guide tube, that generally appears as a circular video focusing on the center of the radar display. Optimum
adjustment allows main bang video to remain slightly on the display.
CAUTION
Do not change this adjusted level carelessly.
Incorrect adjustment may erase targets in
point-blank range and cause collision, resulting in
death or serious injury.
Procedures
1. Open the Serviceman Menu.
2. Perform the following menu open procedure to open the MBS adjustment
menu.
9. SP/TT Initial Setup
→ 3. MBS
3. Set the radar as follows:
•
•
•
•
Set the radar video enhance function and video processing (PROC) to OFF.
Turn the [RAIN] control to the minimum position (fully to the left).
Turn the [GAIN] control to the maximum position (fully to the right).
Turn the [SEA] control to achieve the strength with which main bang can be judged.
4. Set 20 for
2. MBS Area .
5. Adjust the value set for
slightly.
1. MBS Level
so that the main bang remains
6. Adjust the value set for
match the main bang.
2. MBS Area
so that the suppression area will
7-27
7.3
7.3.4
yyy
Adjustment yyyy
Adjustment of Performance Monitor (MON)
After replacement of either of the following units, adjust the performance monitor according to the procedures
in this section:
• Performance monitor
• Antenna unit
[I] Reception Monitor Adjustment (MON Adjustment)
Adjust the circuit for monitoring the reception performance of the radar equipment.
Procedures
1. If the performance monitor is equipped with an inter-switch function, set
it as the master display unit.
2. Open the Serviceman Menu.
3. Perform the following menu open procedure to open the Performance
Monitor Adjustment menu.
1. Adjust Menu
→ 4. TXRX Adjustment
→ 4. MON Adjustment
4. Increase or decrease the adjustment value so that the farthest point of
the performance monitor pattern touches the 18.0 nm line.
Note:
During performance monitor adjustment, all acquisitions by the target tracking function are
released.
The released target acquisitions are not recovered.
7-28
[II] Transmission Monitor Adjustment (MON Indicator Adjustment)
Adjust the circuit for monitoring the transmission performance of the radar equipment.
Procedures
1. If the performance monitor is equipped with an inter-switch function, set
it as the master display unit.
2. Open the Serviceman Menu.
3. Perform the following menu open procedure to open the performance
monitor Indicator Adjustment menu.
1. Adjust Menu
→ 4. TXRX Adjustment
→ 5. MON Indicator Adjustment
4. Increase or decrease the adjustment value so that the performance
monitor level indicator will be adjusted to "8."
Adjusted to 8
5. Press the
Note:
Exit
button to close the adjustment menu.
During performance monitor adjustment, all acquisitions by the target tracking function are
released.
The released target acquisitions are not recovered.
7-29
7.4
7.4
yyy
Maintenance Menu yyyy
MAINTENANCE MENU
This item is provided for equipment maintenance, including settings of antenna safety switch, master reset, etc.
CAUTION
Only our service engineers are to make the
adjustment. Neglecting this caution may cause
accidents and failures.
Do not make the adjustments during navigation.
Otherwise, adjustments may affect the radar
functions, causing accidents and failures.
7.4.1
Antenna Safety Switch (Safety Switch)
Use this switch to measure the transmission/reception performance while the antenna is in stopped state.
Procedures
1. Open the Serviceman Menu.
2. Perform the following menu open procedure to open the Safety Switch
setting menu.
3. Maintenance Menu
→ 1. Safety Switch
3. Select the item to be set.
Set operation when the antenna safety switch is turned off.
1. TX-Off :
The transmitter stops transmission.
The display unist remains in transmission state.
2. Standby : (Normal setting)
The transmitter stops transmission.
The display unit is placed in standby state.
3.TX-On :
The transmitter continues transmission.
The display unit remains in transmission state.
4. Change the setting back to
7-30
2. Standby
when the work is finished.
7.4.2
Initialization of Memory Area (Area Initial)
If system operation is unstable, it may be stabilized by initializing the memory area. To initialize the memory
area, follow the procedure in this section. The memory area is reset to the factory setting when initialized.
[I] Partial Master Reset
Procedures
1. Open the Serviceman Menu.
2. Perform the following menu open procedure to open the Partial Master
Rest operation menu for the memory area.
3. Maintenance Menu
→ 2. Area Initial
→ 1. Partial Master Reset
3. Select the items to be initialized.
Serviceman Menu:
Except Serviceman Menu:
User Setting:
TT Setting:
AIS Setting:
Day/Night:
JRC Card Copy Record:
4. Select
Yes
The set values in the Serviceman menu are initialized.
The set values not in the Serviceman menu are initialized.
The user setting values are initialized.
The set values for the target tracking function are initialized.
The set values for the AIS function are initialized.
The color scheme and brilliance setting for the day/night
mode are initialized.
The history of JRC charts copied on the memory card is
erased.
in the Confirmation Window.
The memory areas of specified items are initialized, and the system is restarted.
[II] All Master Reset
Procedures
1. Open the Serviceman Menu.
2. Perform the following menu open procedure to open the All Master Rest
operation menu for the memory area.
3. Maintenance Menu
→ 2. Area Initial
→ 2. All Master Reset
3. Select
Yes
in the Confirmation Window.
The whole memory area is initialized, and the system is restarted.
7-31
7.4
7.4.3
yyy
Maintenance Menu yyyy
Save of Internal Memory Data (Card1/2)
The system can save internal memory data such as item settings in all menus onto a flash memory card. If the
radar processing circuit in the system has been replaced, the set values before the circuit replacement can be
restored by reading the set values you saved before the replacement.
To save the internal memory data onto a flash memory card (option), the card must be inserted in card slot
beforehand.
[I] Copying of Internal Settings onto Card (Internal to Card1/2)
Save the internal memory data, such as item settings in menus, onto a flash memory card.
The internal memory data should be saved at completion of system setting, and the operation condition should
be saved periodically.
Procedures
1. Open the Serviceman Menu.
2. Perform the following menu open procedure to select the slot of the card
on which the internal memory data is to be saved.
3. Maintenance Menu
→ 3. Internal to Card1/2
The lower slot is slot 1; the upper slot is slot 2.
3. Select
Yes
in the Confirmation Window.
The internal memory data is saved on the flash memory card.
[II] Reading of Internal Settings from Card (Card1/2 to Internal)
Read the saved memory data from the flash memory card into the system memory.
Perform the read operation in order to return the system to the previous operation condition after replacement of
the radar processing circuit in the system.
Procedures
1. Open the Serviceman Menu.
2. Perform the following menu open procedure to select the slot of the card
from which the previously saved internal memory data is to be read.
3. Maintenance Menu
→ 4. Card1/2 to Internal
The lower slot is slot 1; the upper slot is slot 2.
3. Select
Yes
in the Confirmation Window.
The memory data is read from the flash memory card into the system memory.
After the internal memory area is updated, the system is restarted.
7-32
7.4.4
Clear and Save/Restoration of Antenna Operation Time
(TXRX Time)
The system adds up the following operation time and contains it in the antenna unit:
• Transmission time
• Motor run time
Clear the above total time when the magnetron or antenna unit motor is replaced.
[I] Clear of Transmission Time (Clear TX Time)
Clear the transmission time of the antenna unit.
Perform the following procedure to clear the transmission time when the magnetron is replaced.
Procedures
1. Open the Serviceman Menu.
2. Perform the following menu open procedure to open the Clear TX Time
menu.
3. Maintenance Menu
→ 5. TXRX Time
→ 1. Clear TX Time
3. Select
Yes
in the Confirmation Window.
The transmission time in the antenna's internal control circuit is cleared to 0.
[II] Clear of Motor Run Time (Clear Motor Time)
Clear the antenna's motor run time.
Perform the following procedure to clear the motor run time when the antenna motor is replaced.
Procedures
1. Open the Serviceman Menu.
2. Perform the following menu open procedure to open the Clear Motor
Time menu.
3. Maintenance Menu
→ 5. TXRX Time
→ 2. Clear Motor Time
3. Select
Yes
in the Confirmation Window.
The motor run time in the antenna's internal control circuit is cleared to 0.
7-33
7.4
yyy
Maintenance Menu yyyy
[III]Save of Antenna Time (TXRX to Display Unit)
Save the following antenna time data from the antenna unit into the display unit.
• Antenna's operating hours
• Transmission time
• Motor run time
Perform the following procedure to inherit the antenna time data when the antenna's internal control circuit is
replaced.
1. Saving the antenna time data
2. Replacing the antenna's internal control circuit
3. Restoring the antenna time data
Procedures
1. Open the Serviceman Menu.
2. Perform the following menu open procedure to open the TXRX to Display
Unit menu.
3. Maintenance Menu
→ 5. TXRX Time
→ 3. TXRX to Display Unit
3. Select
Yes
in the Confirmation Window.
The antenna time data in the antenna's internal control circuit is saved transferred to the
display unit.
[IV]
Restoration of Antenna Time (Display Unit to TXRX)
Restore the antenna time data from the display unit into the antenna's internal control circuit.
Perform the following procedure to inherit the antenna time data when the antenna's internal control circuit is
replaced.
1. Saving the antenna time data
2. Replacing the antenna's internal control circuit
3. Restoring the antenna time data
Procedures
1. Open the Serviceman Menu.
2. Perform the following menu open procedure to open the Display Unit to
TXRX menu.
3. Maintenance Menu
→ 5. TXRX Time
→ 4. Display Unit to TXRX
3. Select
Yes
in the Confirmation Window.
The antenna time data in the display unit is restored transferred to the antenna's internal
control circuit.
7-34

---

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