Laird Connectivity TIWI1-01 TIWI TRANSCEIVER MODULE User Manual TiWi UG 01 V2x

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TIWI TRANSCEIVER MODULE
User’s Guide
Last updated
Saturday, October 23, 2010
The information in this document is subject to change without notice.
Confirm the data is current by downloading the latest revision from www.lsr.com.
LSEVK-WP-01-A2-UG
Copyright © 2010 LS Research, LLC
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Table of Contents
Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 3
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
Quick Start ....................................................................................................................... 4
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
Software..................................................................................................................................... 4
Hardware ................................................................................................................................... 8
WLAN Test Software Operation .............................................................................................. 12
Evaluation Board Schematics and Bill of Material ................................................................... 30
EMC Compliance Application Guide ........................................................................... 31
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
Purpose & Scope ....................................................................................................................... 3
Audience .................................................................................................................................... 3
Applicable Documents ............................................................................................................... 3
Revision History ......................................................................................................................... 3
Introduction .............................................................................................................................. 31
Module Integration Considerations – Antenna Systems ......................................................... 31
Module Integration Considerations – Circuit Implementation.................................................. 31
Module Integration Considerations - Top Assembly Considerations. ..................................... 32
Module Integration Considerations – Firmware....................................................................... 32
Testing Requirements for End-Product ................................................................................... 32
Marking Requirements for End-Product. ................................................................................. 32
Contacting LS Research ............................................................................................... 35
The information in this document is subject to change without notice.
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Introduction
1.1
Purpose & Scope
The purpose of this document is to provide details regarding the setup and use of the
TiWi series transceiver module within its companion evaluation board. This document
covers a description of the evaluation board and its features and a brief tutorial on how
to operate the module evaluation board.
Further, this document will also present application guidance such that the module’s
EMC compliance will not be degraded.
1.2
Audience
This document is intended to be read by engineers and technical management. A
general knowledge of common engineering practices is assumed.
1.3
1.4
Applicable Documents
•
[1] TiWi Datasheet- LS240-WI-01-A20 (LSR)
•
[2 ]FCC Test Report # 310117, LS Research, LLC: September 8,2010
•
[3] SAR Test Report: FCC ID: TFB-TiWi1-01, RF Exposure Lab, San Marcos, CA:
September, 2010.
•
[4] Evaluation Board Schematics
•
[5] Ethertronics Presetta 1000423 Antenna Data Sheet.
•
[6] LSR 001-0001 Dipole Antenna Data Sheet.
•
[7] FCC OET Bulletin 62, “UNDERSTANDING THE FCC REGULATIONS
•
FOR COMPUTERS AND OTHER DIGITAL DEVICES”, February 1996.
Revision History
Date
10/8/2010
Change Description
Initial release.
Revision
0.0
Table 1 Revision History
The information in this document is subject to change without notice.
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Quick Start
In this section, the initiation of the evaluation board and sample RF tests will be
discussed. You will learn how to:
2.1
•
Install TiWi Controller Tool.
•
Run the TiWi Controller Tool.
•
Set proper path to test firmware: Fw1273r1c_sta_cortex.bin.
•
Set proper path to radio parameter file: ini_file.ini.
•
Connect to the TiWi LSEVK-WI-01-A20 Evaluation board.
•
Download test firmware to the TiWi Module via the LSEVK-WI-01-A20 Evaluation board.
•
Configure and Run WLAN Transmitter Tests.
•
Configure and Run WLAN Receiver Tests.
•
Place device in listen mode and Extremely Low Power Mode (ELP).
Software
Prior to connecting any hardware to your PC, download and install the latest version
(current download: TIWI Controller 3-22-10.zip) of the TIWI Controller Software. The
installation procedure is as follows:
1. Copy TIWI Controller 3-22-10.zip to a convenient directory and extract the file:
2. Run TIWI Controller.msi, the following installation screens should begin:
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3. Choose Setup Type: Complete
4. Begin the installation by selecting the “Install” button
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5. Upon completion, the following screen should appear and press “Finish”.
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6. Change to the directory: C:\Program Files\LS Research:
7. There are three directories: Drivers, TIWI Controller, and 185_Firmware_ini. The
Drivers directory contains the drivers for USB connection between the PC and
the FTDI USB-serial port circuits on the evaluation board. When a physical
connection of the USB cable between the PC and the evaluation board is made,
it may prompt you for the locations of the necessary drivers. Simply cause the
driver search routine associated with the plug-and-play operation to browse into
the directory C:\Program Files\LS Research\Drivers in order to install the proper
drivers.
8. The Directory TIWI Controller contains the application and its associated support
files.
9. Also note the presence of the 185_Firmware_ini directory. This contains the TiWi
module test firmware and configuration parameters.
10. The TIWI Controller test tool will prompt for the location of the binary test
firmware image (Fw1273r1c_sta_cortex.bin) and parameter file (ini_file.ini),
which is located in the C:\Program Files\LS Research\185_firmware_ini directory.
The information in this document is subject to change without notice.
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This user guide will now introduce the evaluation board hardware such that it is
configured correctly in order connect and operate with the newly installed software.
The operation of the software is presented immediately after the hardware
introduction.
2.2
Hardware
1. Install the software described in the previous section, prior to connecting any hardware
to your PC.
Figure 1 shows the LS Research, LSEVK-WP-01-A2 evaluation board:
Figure 1 TiWi Evaluation Board, LSEVK-WI-01-A20
2. Presented on the Next Page in Figure 2, is an annotated assembly drawing of the board
to provide a clear reference to various features of the evaluation board:
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Figure 2 TiWi Evaluation Board, LSEVK-WI-01-A20: Jumper positions(Name)[Selection Options]: 1. Select power source (PWR
SOURCE),[DC,WL,BT], 2. Select VIO source (VIO SOURCE),[EXT,BOARD] 3. Select VBAT Source (VBAT SOURCE),[EXT,BOARD]. 4. BT reset
(holds BT function in reset). 5. FM reset (holds FM in reset).
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3. The jumper positions shown as blue rectangles correspond to the following primary
power supply options:
1J19: PWR SOURCE: The input + 5VDC primary supply voltage for the
interface circuit power supplies and board-derived module power supplies
can be selected from 3 different sources.
•
PWR: Apply + 5 VDC to J7 (5V IN).
•
WL: Connect to USB + 5 VDC pin, voltage sourced from WLAN USB
port (J5).
•
WL: Connect to USB + 5 VDC pin, voltage sourced from BT USB port
(J6).
2J8: VIO SOURCE: The input + 1.8VDC primary supply for the digital
interface circuitry on the module, can be supplied externally (TM1) or from
a regulated 1.8 VDC supply on the board (derived from + 5 VDC input
voltage [USB or external].
•
BOARD: Route board-derived 1.8 VDC power supply to module VIO
input.
•
EXT: Supply 1.8 VDC power supply to module VIO from external
power supply, e.g. lab supply.
3J9: VBAT SOURCE: The input + 3.6VDC primary supply for the main
analog suppl on the module, can be supplied externally (TM2) or from a
regulated 3.3 VDC supply on the board (derived from + 5 VDC input
voltage [USB or external].
•
BOARD: Route board-derived 3.6 VDC power supply to module
VBAT input.
•
EXT: Supply 3. 6 VDC (nominal) power supply to module VBAT from
external power supply, e.g. lab supply.
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4J11: BT RESET: Placing a jumper across J11 holds the Bluetooth (BT)
core in reset. This is useful when making ELP current measurements on
the WLAN section of the module. The jumper can be left off, but the BT
core will draw a small amount of operating background current. The BT
core can be manually held in reset by depressing S2. This jumper can be
moved to J10, if holding the WLAN circuit in reset is desired during BT
operations. The WLAN circuitry can be held in reset manually by
depressing S1.
5J12: FM RESET: Placing a jumper across J12 holds the FM circuit in
reset. The FM feature is not currently supported. If FM support is required
or desired, please contact LS Research, for further information. This
circuit should always be held in reset.
The information in this document is subject to change without notice.
Confirm the data is current by downloading the latest revision from www.lsr.com.
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2.3
WLAN Test Software Operation
Assuming that the software has been installed properly per the instructions given in
section 2.1 and that the evaluation board hardware is configured properly per the
instructions given in section 2.2, a set of basic WLAN hardware tests can now be
executed:
1. Connect the supplied USB cable between a USB port on the PC to the WLAN USB
connector on the evaluation kit (J5). Connect a 50 Ohm coaxial cable to SMA
connector (J4) and terminate in the 50 ohm test equipment port appropriate to the
desired measurement (WLAN test set for TX/RX, Spectrum Analyzer for TX, Vector
Signal Analyzer for TX, Vector Signal Generator for RX).
2. If the proper drivers have been installed previously that support the FTDI USB
interface circuit, the plug and play mechanism associated with PC Hardware Device
manager should recognize two serial ports. It is important to note the port number of
the two captured serial ports (there is a low-port and a high-port number). This can
be checked by examining: Control PanelÆ SystemÆ (Hardware Tab)ÆDevice
Manager. This should display the presence of two, properly configured serial ports. In
this case the low-port is COM3 and the high-port is COM4. Note the port number of
the low port.
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3. If the plug and play mechanism for the USB serial ports requires a path specification
for the drivers, please specify the path towards: C:\Program Files\LS
Research\Drivers.
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4. The installation process should have placed a short-cut icon that is based on the LS Research logo and is labeled TIWI
Controller. Use the short-cut to start the TIWI Controller Program:
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5. In the Connect / Disconnect Field, ensure that COM Port selection is selected to the low-port number determined through
the use of the Hardware Device Manager.
6. Set the Baud Rate to 921600 bits per second.
7. Set the time out value to 500 mS.
8. Ensure that the FREF clock is set to 38.4 MHz.
9. In the Download Firmware Field, select Firmware path to specify the location of the firmware binary image file:
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10. In the INI file Field, select Browse to specify the path for the location of the ini_file.ini configuration file:
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11. Return to the Connect / Disconnect Field and select the “Press Here to Connect” button:
The connection indicator in the upper left hand corner should change from “Disconnected” and Red to “Connected without
FW” and turn yellow. Also note in the Download Firmware field that an indicator also changes from “Not Connected” to
“Firmware Not Downloaded”…
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12. Now select the “Download Firmware” Button. A firmware downloading progress bar should display the state of
downloading progress. When the downloading process is complete, the device will run the firmware and perform a series
of calibrations. In the Calibration Field, a summary Cal Status should indicate “Pass” and the connection status should
change from “Connected without FW” to “Connected with Firmware” and the indicator in Dowload Firmware Field should
change from “Firmware Not Downloaded”… to “Firmware Running” .
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13. Note on the right hand side of the user interface that the device reports back an estimate of the SoC (system on chip)
temperature and SoC terminal voltage. These quantities are monitored throughout the device operation and are updated
periodically. Note below the Soc voltage is a drop-down selector that can be used to manually change the frequency
channel of the transceiver. The default channel is Channel 7 – 2442 MHz. Next Select the BIP tab (Built-In PLT)
(PLT=Production Line Testing). Set the reference power level to 16 dBm and its associated power detector reference
voltage of 350 mV and select the “Run TX BiP” button. This runs a calibration routine to calibrate the power detector
associated with the transmit (TX) power leveling loop for closed-loop power control (CLPC). No action is required with the
RX BiP.
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14. Upon completion of the BiP CLPC calibration the indication panel should read “Success TX BiP”. At this point the device is
ready to be configured and tested for basic RF performance. Beginning with the TX function, select the TX tab:
15. The various 802.11 b/g/n rates can be selected and the Guard Interval Type (GI). For this example, a 802.11n rate MCS7
(65 Mbps) is selected to operated with long guard interval. Set the payload size (1200 bytes here) and the time duration
(Delay) of the inter-packet idle time (1 msec here). The packet type should be selected as “Continuous”. Preamble types
can be changed in accordance to preamble options offered for each modulation type (b/g/n).
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16. The “Power” field allows the user to set the CLP output power set point. Select “Power Limiting” and check “Enable” in the
CLPC field. The update rate of the CPLC (in sec) can be set, but is typically used at the default setting of 0.2 seconds.
The user can reset the CPLC at any time. At this time, press the button: “Start TX packet (Continous Mode, Type, Data)”:
17. Upon initiation of the “Start TX packet…” the button should change to “Stop TX packet...” and indication of the CLPC
offset should be indicated in the in box associated with the appropriate modulation type / data rate.
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18. Presented below is a typical indication for the settings shown using a Litepoint WLAN test set with associated application
software IQsignal for MIMO:
These same measurement indications may be obtained by direct use of Spectrum Analyzers and Vector Signal Analyzers
(VSAs).
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These same measurement indications may be obtained by direct use of Spectrum Analyzers and Vector Signal Analyzers
(VSAs).
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19. Stop TX packet transmission and select the RX tab. For receiver (RX) tests configure the Vector Signal Generator (VSG)
to generate an appropriately formatted signal and apply it the receiver. For this example, the VSG associated with the
Litepoint IQsignal for MIMO is used. Set the power for a signal level well above the sensitivity level and below the
overload level (in this case -50 dBm) to validate that the generator transceiver link is at zero PER (Packet Error Ratio).
Note: This VSG display is set to a level near sensitivity (-70 dBm). Set to mid-scale level within receiver dynamic range for
zero PER validation.
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20. Returning to the TIWI device controller and the selection of the RX tab, select the statistics mode and Reset statistics. The
RX statistic counters should be actively incrementing upon a reception of a packet. Generally speaking, there will be
address mismatches and Good Packets will not be indicated. However the PER is computed by the ratio of FCS (Frame
Check Sequence) errors to total number of packets transmitted. As long as the FCS errors are zero, the link is considered
to be error free. At a power level of -50 dBm, all of the data rates/modulation coding schemes should be error free. PER
may indicate a computational ERROR! , when it is at the 0% PER level.
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21. By decreasing the available power to the receiver (receiver input power) to near the expected sensitivity level. FCS errors
will start be indicated and the PER will increase:
Generally, the receiver input power is incrementally decreased until the PER reaches its maximum level with respect to
the sensitivity level declaration criterion. In this case, the power could be lowered since the maximum PER level is 10%.
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22. The software tool can also be used to set the device into some of its low-power modes. The transceiver can be set in the
listen-mode (a low power mode capable of receiving BSS (Basic Service Set) beacons). Further, the transceiver can be
set in an Extremley low-power mode or ELP Mode.
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23. The device can be brought out of the ELP mode:
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24. To disconnect the device, return to the connection tab and select “Press Here to Disconnect”. If one wants to ensure
minimum current draw to the device prior to USB or external power supply disconnection, simple reset the WLAN device
by depressing and releasing momentary switch, S1. The tool should indicate that is “Not Connected”.
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2.4
Evaluation Board Schematics and Bill of Material
The evaluation board schematics are provided on the CD as a *.pdf file, as a reference
in the event that hardware troubleshooting is required or if one requires a proven
application circuit for the module. The associated Bill of Material (BOM) is provided as
an *.xlsx file.
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EMC Compliance Application Guide
3.1
Introduction
The TiWi module has been tested as Modular Radio in accordance with the FCC [].The
device has been tested to relevant FCC parts and the results of the testing may be found
in the module’s test report [2].
Since this module and its associated set of approved antenna has been certified as a
Modular Radio, this allows the end user to integrate this module into an end-product and
only be responsible for the Unintentional Emissions levels produced by the product. The
manufacturer of the module is the responsible for the compliance of the Intentional
Emissions produced by the module, as long as, the recommendations presented in this
application guide.
3.2
Module Integration Considerations – Antenna Systems
the module must be used with one of the approved antennas:
LS Research 001-0001 with LS Research U.FL to Reverse Polarity SMA conector cable
(LS Research 080-0001).
1.
Ethertronics Presetta 1000423 and Johnson Emerson U.FL. to U.FL coaxial cable
415-0088-150.
The antennas should placed such that they are minimally disturbed by the product’s
packaging material. The incorporation of the largest practical free-space clearance
around the antenna is important for maximizing overall performance. The clearances
associated with the SAR compliance must be maintained.
3.3
Module Integration Considerations – Circuit Implementation
The module should be integrated according to either the application circuit found in the
device data sheet or in accordance with the circuit provided for the evaluation board,
along with best engineering practices to minimize unintentional EMC emissions.
It is recommended that all connection PCB (printed circuit board) traces to the power
supply and digital control terminal be as short as possible. Though not necessarily
required in all cases, it is a best practice to provide an optional shunt capacitor
placement at the module pin on all active and routed power supply and digital control
lines. Further, a series damping resistor placement should be incorporated between the
module pin/shunt capacitor node and the source/sink of the digital control signals. This
provides for effective bypassing and decoupling of digital lines from the radio module, in
the event that the application circuit has longer power supply and digital routing.
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3.4
Module Integration Considerations - Top Assembly
Considerations.
In addition to the recommendations given for the antenna systems and the module
placement onto a product PCB, it is recommended that all wiring and interconnect
systems within the product be not routed anywhere close the module and its associated
circuitry on the PCB, doing so could change the emission characteristics of the module.
3.5
Module Integration Considerations – Firmware
The module must use the specific operational firmware provided by LSR for the module.
This firmware includes:
1. Binary image: FW1273r1c_sta_cortex.bin (version 185).
2. ini.ini. configuration file.
3.6
Testing Requirements for End-Product
Once the module is integrated and the product realized, the product must be tested and
follow the verification process for Unintentional Conducted and Radiated Emissions in
accordance to the FCC guidelines [7]. The module is to be placed in the receive mode
for this test (see step 20).
3.7
Marking Requirements for End-Product and Compliance
Statements.
Federal Communication Commission Interference Statement
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital
device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide
reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This
equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed
and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio
communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a
particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or
television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the
user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one of the following measures:
- Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.
- Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.
- Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that
to which the receiver is connected.
- Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.
The information in this document is subject to change without notice.
Confirm the data is current by downloading the latest revision from www.lsr.com.
LSEVK-WP-01-A2-UG
Copyright © 2010 LS Research, LLC
Page 32 of 35
TIWI TRANSCEIVER MODULES
USER’S GUIDE
This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following
two conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device
must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause
undesired operation.
FCC Caution: Any changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party
responsible for compliance could void the user's authority to operate this equipment.
INDUSTRY CANADA STATEMENTS
Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) this device may not cause
interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference, including interference
that may cause undesired operation of the device.
To reduce potential radio interference to other users, the antenna type and its gain
should be so chosen that the equivalent isotropically radiated power (e.i.r.p.) is not more
than that permitted for successful communication.
This device has been designed to operate with the antennas listed in Section 3.2, and
having a maximum gain of 4.3 and -0.6 dB. Antennas not included in this list or having a
gain greater than 4.3 and 0.6 dB are strictly prohibited for use with this device. The
required antenna impedance is 50 ohms.
OEM Responsibilities to comply with FCC and Industry Canada Regulations
The TiWi-R1 Module has been certified for integration into products only by OEM integrators
under the following conditions:
1. The antenna(s) must be installed such that a minimum separation distance of 20cm
is maintained between the radiator (antenna) and all persons at all times.
2. The transmitter module must not be co-located or operating in conjunction with any
other antenna or transmitter.
As long as the two conditions above are met, further transmitter testing will not be
required. However, the OEM integrator is still responsible for testing their end-product for
any additional compliance requirements required with this module installed (for example,
digital device emissions, PC peripheral requirements, etc.).
The information in this document is subject to change without notice.
Confirm the data is current by downloading the latest revision from www.lsr.com.
LSEVK-WP-01-A2-UG
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Page 33 of 35
TIWI TRANSCEIVER MODULES
USER’S GUIDE
IMPORTANT NOTE: In the event that these conditions cannot be met (for certain
configurations or co-location with another transmitter), then the FCC and Industry
Canada authorizations are no longer considered valid and the FCC ID and IC
Certification Number cannot be used on the final product. In these circumstances,
the OEM integrator will be responsible for re-evaluating the end product (including
the transmitter) and obtaining a separate FCC and Industry Canada authorization.
End Product Labeling
The TiWi-R1Module is labeled with its own FCC ID and IC Certification Number. If the FCC ID and
IC Certification Number are not visible when the module is installed inside another device, then
the outside of the device into which the module is installed must also display a label referring to
the enclosed module. In that case, the final end product must be labeled in a visible area with
the following:
“Contains Transmitter Module FCC ID: TFB-TWI1-01”
“Contains Transmitter Module IC: 5969A-TIWI101”
or
“Contains FCC ID: TFB-TIWI1-01”
“Contains IC: 5969A-TIWI101”
The OEM of the TiWi-R1 Module must only use the approved antenna(s) listed above, which
have been certified with this module.
The OEM integrator has to be aware not to provide information to the end user regarding
how to install or remove this RF module or change RF related parameters in the user
manual of the end product.
The user manual for the end product must include the following information in a
prominent location:
“To comply with FCC and Industry Canada RF radiation exposure limits for general
population, the antenna(s) used for this transmitter must be installed such that a minimum
separation distance of 20cm is maintained between the radiator (antenna) and all
persons at all times and must not be co-located or operating in conjunction with any
other antenna or transmitter.”
The information in this document is subject to change without notice.
Confirm the data is current by downloading the latest revision from www.lsr.com.
LSEVK-WP-01-A2-UG
Copyright © 2010 LS Research, LLC
Page 34 of 35
TIWI TRANSCEIVER MODULES
USER’S GUIDE
Contacting LS Research
Headquarters
LS Research, LLC
W66 N220 Commerce Court
Cedarburg, WI 53012-2636
USA
Tel: 1(262) 375-4400
Fax: 1(262) 375-4248
Website
www.lsr.com
Technical Support
support@lsr.com
Sales Contact
sales@lsr.com
The information in this document is provided in connection with LS Research (hereafter referred to as
“LSR”) products. No license, express or implied, by estoppel or otherwise, to any intellectual property right
is granted by this document or in connection with the sale of LSR products. EXCEPT AS SET FORTH IN
LSR’S TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF SALE LOCATED ON LSR’S WEB SITE, LSR ASSUMES NO
LIABILITY WHATSOEVER AND DISCLAIMS ANY EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY WARRANTY
RELATING TO ITS PRODUCTS INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTY OF
MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, OR NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO
EVENT SHALL LSR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE,
SPECIAL OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, DAMAGES FOR LOSS
OF PROFITS, BUSINESS INTERRUPTION, OR LOSS OF INFORMATION) ARISING OUT OF THE USE
OR INABILITY TO USE THIS DOCUMENT, EVEN IF LSR HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY
OF SUCH DAMAGES. LSR makes no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or
completeness of the contents of this document and reserves the right to make changes to specifications
and product descriptions at any time without notice. LSR does not make any commitment to update the
information contained herein. Unless specifically provided otherwise, LSR products are not suitable for,
and shall not be used in, automotive applications. LSR’s products are not intended, authorized, or
warranted for use as components in applications intended to support or sustain life.
The information in this document is subject to change without notice.
Confirm the data is current by downloading the latest revision from www.lsr.com.
LSEVK-WP-01-A2-UG
Copyright © 2010 LS Research, LLC
Page 35 of 35

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