METRIC SYSTEMS 50911-U TVWS Fixed Wireless Networking Radio System User Manual RAPTORXR VERSION 1 10

METRIC SYSTEMS CORPORATION TVWS Fixed Wireless Networking Radio System RAPTORXR VERSION 1 10

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50911 U User Manual

RAPTORXR USER MANUAL REV. 1.6 10 October 2017 GENERAL USE

[RAPTORXR USER MANUAL VERSION 1.10] May 2, 2017 3 | P a g e Open Source License Information Per the terms of your Metric Systems Limited Hardware Warranty, Software License, and RMA Procedures Agreement with Metric Systems Corporation., certain Third Party Software may be provided with and as part of the MSC products provided to you, and any such Third Party Software files provided are governed by the terms of their separate Third Party Licenses, which licenses give you at least the license rights licensed to you in the MSC End User Agreement and may give you additional license rights as to the Third Party Software, but only with respect to the particular Third Party Software to which the Third Party License applies. The MSC Products may include or be bundled with some or all of the following third party software. Copies of the copyright notices and license agreements for any or all of these may be requested by contacting MSC support at email: info@metricsystems.com. Open Source Code License Agreement Website Patents The RaptorXR employs techniques and methods incorporated in Metric Systems Corporation’s U.S. and Canadian patents listed below. The use of this technology provides the user with a robust and versatile system to meet the stringent requirements of a dynamic frequency allocation broadband wireless system. ITEM S/N TITLE 1 6,952,563US Method and apparatus for adaptively setting frequency channels in a multi-point wireless networking system 2 7,013,345US Method and apparatus for wireless networking 3 7,089,014US Wireless communication system control apparatus and method 4 2,417,931CA Method and Apparatus for Adaptively Setting 5 2,444,643CA Method and Apparatus for Wireless Networking 6 2,444,805CA Wireless Communication System Control

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[RAPTORXR USER MANUAL VERSION 1.10] May 2, 2017 5 | P a g e RaptorXR User Manual Part Number 50739.1.P Series TABLE OF CONTENTS LEGAL NOTICE .............................................................................................................. 2 Open Source License Information ................................................................................... 3 Patents ............................................................................................................................ 3 Table of Contents ............................................................................................................ 5 List of Figures and Tables ............................................................................................... 5 Revision History .............................................................................................................. 9 Standard Hardware One (1) Year Warranty .................................................................. 10 Manual Overview ........................................................................................................................ 13 1.1 Documentation Conventions ....................................................................................................... 14 1.2 Abbreviations and Terminology ................................................................................................. 15 1.32 RaptorXR Overview .................................................................................................. 17 System Benefits .......................................................................................................................... 17 2.1 Operational Capabilities .............................................................................................................. 18 2.2 Operating and Technical Specifications...................................................................................... 18 2.3Figure 1.1: Basic RaptorXR Point-to-Point Backhaul Configuration ..................................................... 19 The RaptorXR Hardware Suite ..................................................................................................... 24 2.43 GETTING STARTED .............................................................................................. 31 EXAMPLE .................................................................................................................................. 31 3.14 Accessing VHF/UHF TV Band Spectrum ................................................................ 34 To access the Registration page insert the IP address: 192.168.1.1 .......................................... 34 4.1 Insert required device and location information. Click Registration. ......................................... 34 4.2 Upon a successful registration a list of available White Space channels will be returned. ......... 34 4.3 Select the appropriate TV channel to complete registration and activate the Tx subsystem ..... 34 4.4

[RAPTORXR USER MANUAL VERSION 1.10] May 2, 2017 6 | P a g e The remaining sections will describe in detail the Registration process. The RaptorXR 4.5Database Registration Engine will automatically validate and re-register the unit every 24 hours. ....... 34 5 RaptorXR Network Design Process .......................................................................... 35 The major new elements in designing with White Space spectrum are: .................................. 35 Operating Channel Selection via an on-line secure database ...................................................... 35 5.1 Need to evaluate and predict link performance using an RF System Planning application, ...... 35 5.2 RaptorXR certified radios, as shipped, are not pre-configured to operate at any channel .......... 35 5.3 Tools Needed: ............................................................................................................................. 35 5.4 Step 1:DETERMINE LAT/LONG ............................................................................................. 36 5.5 Step 2: Selecting Available Channels to Use (using an RF Planning Tool) ............................... 37 5.6 Step 3: Manually Setting Full Duplex Data Rate ........................................................................ 38 5.7 System Margin Examples ........................................................................................................... 40 5.8 Link Budget Calculation ............................................................................................................. 40 5.9 System Margin Table .................................................................................................................. 43 5.10 Antennas ..................................................................................................................................... 44 5.11 Transmission System (Transmission Line + EMP Protectors) ................................................... 44 5.126 RaptorXR Data Base Registration ............................................................................ 45 Configuration and Registration Instructions Prior to Deployment ............................................. 46 6.1 Procedure for Unregistering a RaptorXR and Relocating to Another Location ........................... 48 6.2 Instructions for Checking Available Channels using the Google Spectrum Database or the 6.3Spectrum Bridge Database. ..................................................................................................................... 49 The RaptorXR TV Band Device (TVBD) has two status modes: “Unregistered” and 6.4“Registered”. ........................................................................................................................................... 51 Unregistered mode: ..................................................................................................................... 51 6.5 Registered mode: ........................................................................................................................ 51 6.6 Radio Transmission: ................................................................................................................... 51 6.7 To change any information after registration .............................................................................. 52 6.8 Completing the RaptorXR Registration Form .............................................................................. 53 6.9 Registering the RaptorXR ............................................................................................................. 54 6.10 Upon a Successful Registration: ................................................................................................. 56 6.11 Unregistering the RaptorXR ......................................................................................................... 57 6.12 Appendix 1 Communications Protocol between the TVBD and the Certified FCC Database ... 59 6.13 Provisioning RaptorXR Radios: .................................................................................................. 64 6.14

[RAPTORXR USER MANUAL VERSION 1.10] May 2, 2017 7 | P a g e 7 Customer Service ................................................................................................... 65 RMA PROCEDURE ................................................................................................................... 65 7.18 Technical Appendices ............................................................................................. 67 Appendix A: RaptorXR Recommended Antenna Specification Sheets ...................................... 67 8.1 Appendix B ................................................................................................................................. 70 8.2

[RAPTORXR USER MANUAL VERSION 1.10] May 2, 2017 9 | P a g e Revision History DATE OF REVISION REVISION LETTER DESCRIPTION OF CHANGES PAGES CHANGED 09/30/14 Rev.1.06.2 BETA MANUAL RELEASE 03/3/15 Rev.1.07A NEW MANUAL UPDATE ALL 04/30/15 Rev. 1.07B UPDATE ALL 07/01/15 Rev. 1.08 UPDATE ALL 10/5/16 Rev. 1.09 UPDATE ILLUSTRATIONS etc ALL 04/28/17 Rev.1.10 FCC UPDATE ALL

[RAPTORXR USER MANUAL VERSION 1.10] May 2, 2017 10 | P a g e Metric Systems Corporation (MSC) Standard Hardware One (1) Year Warranty LIMITED WARRANTY 1. WHAT THIS WARRANTY COVERS AND FOR HOW LONG: MSC warrants the communications product, including original equipment ("Product"), against material defects in material and workmanship for a period of one year from the date of sale. MSC will, at its option, and at no charge, either repair the Product (with new or reconditioned parts); replace it with the same or equivalent Product (using new or reconditioned Product). Repaired or replaced Product is warranted for the balance of the original applicable warranty period. All replaced parts of the Product shall become the property of MSC. This warranty is extended by MSC to the original end user, and is not assignable or transferable to any other party. This is the complete warranty for the Product manufactured by MSC. MSC assumes no obligations or liability for additions or modifications to this warranty unless made in writing and signed by an officer of MSC. Unless made in a separate written agreement between MSC and the original end user purchaser, MSC does not warrant the installation, maintenance or on-going service of the Product. MSC cannot be responsible in any way for any ancillary equipment not furnished by MSC which is attached to or used in connection with the Product, or for operation of the Product with any ancillary equipment and all such equipment is expressly excluded from this warranty. Because each system which may use the Product is unique, MSC disclaims liability for range, coverage, or operation of the system as a whole under this warranty. 2. GENERAL PROVISIONS: This warranty sets forth the full extent of MSC's responsibilities regarding the Product. Repair or replacement at MSC's option, is the exclusive remedy. THIS WARRANTY IS GIVEN IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER EXPRESS WARRANTIES. MSC DISCLAIMS ALL OTHER WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. IN NO EVENT SHALL MSC BE LIABLE FOR DAMAGES IN EXCESS OF THE PURCHASE PRICE OF THE PRODUCT, FOR ANY LOSS OF USE, LOSS OF TIME, INCONVENIENCE, COMMERCIAL LOSS, LOST PROFITS OR SAVINGS OR OTHER INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE SUCH PRODUCT, TO THE FULL EXTENT SUCH MAY BE DISCLAIMED BY LAW. 3. HOW TO GET WARRANTY SERVICE: Within the warranty period purchaser must notify MSC at info@metricsystems.com or 760-560-0348 to request an RMA. Please specify the exact nature of the problem. 4. WHAT THIS WARRANTY DOES NOT COVER:

[RAPTORXR USER MANUAL VERSION 1.10] May 2, 2017 11 | P a g e A) Defects or damage resulting from use of the Product in other than its normal and customary manner. B) Defects or damage from Acts of War, misuse, accident, water, neglect, lightning or EMP damage, or any other natural causes. C) Defects or damage from improper configuration, testing, operation, maintenance, installation, alteration, modification, or adjustment. D) Breakage or damage to RF or IT components such as radios, transceivers, duplexers, transmission lines, routers, hubs, switches, etc., unless caused directly by defects in material workmanship. E) A Product subjected to unauthorized Product modifications, dis-assemblies or repairs (including, without limitation, the addition to the Product of non-MSC supplied equipment) which adversely affect performance of the Product or interfere with MSC's normal warranty inspection and testing of the Product to verify any warranty claim. F) Product which has had the serial number removed or made illegible. G) Freight costs to and from the repair depot. H) Illegal or unauthorized alteration of the software/firmware in the Product which prevents it from functioning in accordance with MSC's published specifications or with the safety regulations or FCC type acceptance labeling in effect for the Product at the time the Product was initially distributed from MSC. I) Scratches or other cosmetic damage to Product surfaces that does not affect the operation of the Product. J) That the software in the Product will meet the purchaser's requirements or that the operation of the software will be uninterrupted or error-free. K) Normal and customary wear and tear. 5. GOVERNING LAW In the case of a Product sold in the United States, this Warranty is governed by the laws of the State of California. 6. PATENT AND SOFTWARE PROVISIONS: MSC will defend, at its own expense, any suit brought against the end user purchaser to the extent that it is based on a claim that the Product or its parts infringe a United States patent, and MSC will pay those costs and damages finally awarded against the end user purchaser in any such suit which are attributable to any such claim, but such defense and payments are conditioned on the following: A) that MSC will be notified promptly in writing by such purchaser of any notice of such claim; B) that MSC will have sole control of the defense of such suit and all negotiations for its settlement or compromise; and C) should the Product or its parts become, or in MSC's opinion be likely to become, the subject of a claim of infringement of a United States patent, that such purchaser will permit MSC, at its option and expense, either to procure for such purchaser the right to continue using the Product or its parts or to replace or modify the same so that it becomes non-infringing or to grant such purchaser a credit for the Product or its parts as depreciated and accept its return. The depreciation will be an equal amount per year over the lifetime of the Product or its parts as established by MSC.

[RAPTORXR USER MANUAL VERSION 1.10] May 2, 2017 12 | P a g e MSC will have no liability with respect to any claim of patent infringement which is based upon the combination of the Product or its parts furnished hereunder with software, apparatus or devices not furnished by MSC, nor will MSC have any liability for the use of ancillary equipment or software not furnished by MSC which is attached to or used in connection with the Product. The foregoing states the entire liability of MSC with respect to infringement of patents by the Product or any its parts thereof. Laws in the United States and other countries preserve for MSC certain exclusive rights for copyrighted MSC software such as the exclusive rights to reproduce in copies and distribute copies of such MSC software. MSC software may be used in only the Product in which the software was originally embodied and such software in such Product may not be replaced, copied, distributed, modified in any way, or used to produce any derivative thereof. No other use including, without limitation, alteration, modification, reproduction, distribution, or reverse engineering of such software or exercise of rights in such MSC software is permitted. No license is granted by implication, estoppel or otherwise under MSC patent rights or copyrights.

[RAPTORXR USER MANUAL VERSION 1.10] May 2, 2017 13 | P a g e 1 Introduction Manual Overview 1.1This manual provides the professional telecommunications engineer and installer with the required information and procedures necessary to successfully design, deploy and operate a RaptorXR White Space Broadband Radio network. This Manual is organized into eight (8) sections: 1. Manual Overview- preview, documentation conventions, terminology 2. RaptorXR Overview of the hardware, embedded capabilities and tools to allow you to design, deploy and operate RaptorXR White Space Radio equipment. 3. Getting Started 4. Accessing VHF/UHF TV Band Spectrum 5. RaptorXR Network Design Process- 6. Database Registration This section will show how to determine what TV band channels are available to support your network application and how each RaptorXR is registered with the FCC via RaptorXR’s certified database supplier to operate on available channels 7. Customer Service – RMA procedures 8. Technical Appendices 8.1 Appendix A – Antenna specification sheets 8.2 Appendix B – 8.2.1 FCC SDR Request Information 8.2.2 RaptorXR UHF Band Plan Table 8.2.3 Minimum Signal Requirements 8.2.4 Technical Overview/Theory of Operations

[RAPTORXR USER MANUAL VERSION 1.10] May 2, 2017 14 | P a g e Documentation Conventions 1.2 Description Represents Example Italic Specify something Registration mode ‘Single quotes’ Field name ‘Register Device’ “Double quotes” Reference to new term "Channel List” Underline Definition UHF - Ultra High Frequency Bold For emphasis Then before you … (Text in parenthesis) Additional clarification (The red field) *Asterisk text Special note *Registration requires a name

[RAPTORXR USER MANUAL VERSION 1.10] May 2, 2017 15 | P a g e Abbreviations and Terminology 1.3Abbreviation Definition Available channel A channel which is not being used by an authorized service and is acceptable for use by the RaptorXR at its geographic location. Base Station The RaptorXR unit that accesses the FCC Database. Conductive Output Power Limit Average power output of the RaptorXR into a 50Ω load as measured over a 6 MHz bandwidth CR Code Rate- defines error correction level Duplex Band Split Low Band channels: 14-34; 473-595 MHz High Band channels: 40-51; 629-698 MHz EIRP Effective Isotropic Radiated Power - defined as conductive power + antenna gain in dBi. The maximum EIRP of a fixed White Space device is 36 dBm. EIRP for less congested areas Geographic areas where at least half of the TV channels are unused. In these areas EIRP is 40 dBm (10 Watts). FCC Database Provider An FCC certified vendor that provides White Space equipment with registration services and geographically available operating channels. Fixed Device A White space device that transmits and/or receives signals at a specific fixed location, using available channels from an authorized White Space database. Fixed Station Antenna Requirements Transmit antenna height shall not exceed 98.4’ (30 m) above ground level Full Duplex A wireless protocol that uses two independent channels for simultaneous two way communications. GI Guard Interval- a short time between packets Half Duplex A wireless protocol that uses a single wireless or dual wireless channels to communicate with another station, e.g. Tx on VHF or channel 13; Rx on UHF channel 14. Independent White Space Database Providers Several firms provide RaptorXR registration and database services. These firms provide secure, local channel availability information over the course of a 24 hour availability period where channel availability is re-checked. If a channel becomes unavailable the RaptorXR will automatically relocate to an available channel. Operating Channels Channels used by the RaptorXR OTA Over the Air 602626Channel Spectrum

[RAPTORXR USER MANUAL VERSION 1.10] May 2, 2017 16 | P a g e OTAP Over the Air Programming PAWS Protocol to Access White Space Databases RaptorXR Network Initiation The process by which RaptorXR devices send encrypted control parameters to one or networked RaptorXRs to initiate communication. Remote Station RaptorXR unit that accesses the internet through a designated Base Station Receive Diversity Mode Option RaptorXR Diversity Mode Option provides extended range and reliability in highly reflective environments, e.g. mountainous and urban areas. The diversity mode provides a nominal 5 dB overall system improvement. Registration Fee A nominal Registration Fee is required per White Space device. This fee is paid directly to the Database Supplier, e.g. Google, Microsoft, Spectrum Bridge, Iconectiv, etc. See section 4 for more information. Simplex A wireless protocol that transmits while the other side listens. Streaming video is a “most-of-the time” transmit protocol Spectrum Sensing The patented process by which the RaptorXR scans available channels for noise, signal quality and other White Space systems. System Planning Software RF Propagation simulation software is a highly recommended prediction model to simulate and verify path and performance expectations. Radio Mobile uses the irregular terrain model. System Margin A systems design allowance in dB to allow reliable operation TDD Time Division Duplex; a media access protocol that subdivides an epoch of time, i.e. a second, into discreet elements to transmit or receive information packets TVWS (TV band devices) An FCC term denoting a wireless device which operates in unlicensed TV band spectrum Television Bands VHF TV channels 2-4 (54-72 MHz), 5-6 (76-88 MHz), 7-13 (174-216 MHz); UHF TV Channels 14-36 (470-611 MHz) and Channels 38-51 (614-698 MHz) White Space VHF or UHF TV channels that are no longer in use in a given geographical area and are available for unlicensed use.

$[RAPTORXR USER MANUAL VERSION 1.10] May 2, 2017 17 | P a g e 2 RaptorXR Overview RaptorXR is an unlicensed broadband full-duplex Tx/Rx Fixed Wireless Networking Radio System operating in what the FCC calls White Space spectrum. This spectrum spans the high VHF TV channels 7-13 (174 MHz-216 MHz) and authorized UHF channels 14-51 (470 MHz-698 MHz). The primary technical mission of the RaptorXR suite is to provide reliable backhaul and edge network transport applications in a wide variety of urban and rural environments. The RaptorXR features an adaptive suite of robust OFDM transmit modulation formats to maximize user throughput. MSC offers a variety of antenna types to support Omni, Sector and Directional applications. With the appropriate antenna the maximum FCC EIRP transmit power limit of 36 dBm (4 Watts) is attainable. While in the Rx mode, higher gain antennas can provide additional Rx gain to extend range and coverage area. System Benefits 2.1Combining operation in White Space spectrum with the RaptorX (Half-Duplex Radio) provides the following benefits and capabilities as compared with microwave-based systems operating in the 900 MHz, 2.4 and 5.8 GHz bands.  Extended Range: up to 4 times further reach than 2.4 GHz; 16 times the reach of 5.8 GHz systems  Through foliage: RaptorXR links can penetrate through treed areas with much less attenuation than 2.4 and 5.8 GHz systems.  Non-Line-of-Sight and beyond horizon: RaptorXR systems offer superior operation in highly reflective and refractive environments.  Superior outdoor to indoor and indoor operation: RaptorXR offers extraordinary outdoor to indoor transmission capability and outstanding in-structure connectivity due to lower through wall attenuation.  These characteristics make the RaptorXR an ideal system solution for a variety of outdoor and indoor backhaul transport needs, including: o Fiber to last mile requirements o Forested small cell backhaul o Cable TV to sub-division transport o T1 backup links o Critical fault-tolerant and redundant backup links o Easily deployable Carrier Class Wifi within building and challenging terrain situations.  The superior propagation and broadband capabilities of the RaptorXR offers operators and end-users new and enhanced revenue opportunities. 14 to 35 and 40-5112-13 dBmapproved$

[RAPTORXR USER MANUAL VERSION 1.10] May 2, 2017 18 | P a g e Operational Capabilities 2.2 Maximum legal EIRP (nominally 36 dBm; 40 dBm in remote areas) support for both VHF high band channels (7 to 13) and UHF channels;  High system margin supports VHF and UHF operation to extended distances  Manually or dynamically-adaptable full-duplex payload rates of 6 to 31 mbps+;  Diversity Option (DIV.1): provides an additional system gain up to 4 dB;  SafariView: RaptorXR’s integrated HTML-based systems Operations, Administration and Maintenance (OAM) application is accessible via front Ethernet ports, local short-range secure wireless connection, or remotely, using a standard web browser (Mozilla, Safari, Apple 4, Internet Explorer);  User-configurable to support:● multiple network and link topologies;● single channel point-to-point,● multiple-channel point-to-point,● chained point-to-point relay links,● ad hoc-based mesh nets and ●point-to-multipoint;  Scalable Bandwidth to take advantage of Multiple Channel operation. (See Figure 1.4) two or more available White Space channels can be bonded (channel aggregation) to increase link payload capacity and provide high-link reliability via spatial diversity;  Two-channel frequency and spatial diversity provides superior operation in urban or natural clutter environments.  Output power adjustable from 0 to 25 dBm Operating and Technical Specifications 2.3GENERAL Standard Frequency Range VHF-High-Band (P/N RaptorXR 50739.1.P.174) 174-216 MHz UHF Low-Band (P/N RaptorXR 50739.1.P.470) 470-599 MHz Low Band Model UHF High-Band (P/N 50739.1.P.620) 629-698 MHz High Band Model Frequency Tuning Steps 1 kHz Unit Weight: Single Shelf: 6.88 lbs. (3.12 kg) Shipping Weight Single Shelf: 10.2 lbs. (4.63 kg) Dimensions: 14.2 in. D x19 in.W x 1.78 in.H (360.6 mm x 428.6 mm x 45.2 mm) Operating Temperature Standard: -10°C to +65°C 470-602 626-698

[RAPTORXR USER MANUAL VERSION 1.10] May 2, 2017 19 | P a g e MINIMUM Rx SPECIFICATIONS (6 MHz Tx Bandwidth) (Also see Full Table page 24) Modulation Mode Signal Level (dBm) Minimum Required C/N (dB) Over-the-Air (OTA) Full-Duplex Link Rate (Mbps) 4 QAM - OFDM -91 3.1 11.62 16 QAM – OFDM -84 9.1 20.74 64 QAM – OFDM -76 18 31.10 Adjacent channel rejection (6 MHz channel VHF/UHF) >40 dB (100 kHz off-channel) Average conductive RF power output per 6 MHz channel VHF: 23 dBm UHF: 25 dBm Over-the-Air Data Rates Can be set either manually or automatically. See Section 5 for details Full-Duplex LinkRaptorXR WS Digital Radio RaptorXR WS Digital Radio Remote Station 1Base Station 1Local LAN / SubnetFigure 1.1: Basic RaptorXR Point-to-Point Backhaul Configuration

[RAPTORXR USER MANUAL VERSION 1.10] May 2, 2017 20 | P a g e POWER AC Input 110/240 V AC 50/60 Hz Maximum Power Consumption: 60 Watts SECURITY Encryption 128/256-bit Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) Authorization and Accounting Protects against unauthorized administration/maintenance and over-the-air access System access/authentication capabilities Multi-factor authentication. Remote access token-based authentication System access/authentication capabilities Integrated firewall and Information Assurance tools NETWORK ARCHITECTURE VLAN Supports multiple laws; static and dynamic System Integrity Logs Firewall Robust rule support and encrypted download Dynamic ad hoc network Adaptive, self-forming, self-healing network Network Size Limited only by available RF channels Network capabilities/single channel Point-to-point, point-to-multipoint and mesh Network capabilities/ dual channel Point-to-point, multipoint, and mesh Maintenance/diagnostics Over-the-air programming, integrated web-based administration, monitoring and reconfiguration System logs System, security, authentication, information flow, traffic monitoring and intrusion detection. Network timing Multiple network timing protocol options (NTP) FREQUENCY STABILITY Internal ±1.5 ppm STANDARD ANTENNA INTERFACES Common Tx/Rx antenna ANTENNAS Directional, Omni or Sector

[RAPTORXR USER MANUAL VERSION 1.10] May 2, 2017 21 | P a g e Optional System Features 2.3.1 Factory Default Configurations 2.3.2 FEATURES DESCRIPTION Diversity Option P/N: DIV.1 Separate Tx and Rx antennas support the RaptorXR capability for spatial and frequency diversity configuration. Provides up to 6 dB of system margin for extended range and reliability in difficult NLOS urban and rural applications. GPS Location and Frequency Stabilization Options P/N: GPS.1 Provides the user with the ability to automatically and accurately provide the database provider with site location within ±50 meters and altitude. Enables provider a highly stable frequency reference to the RaptorXR’s RF subsystem to enable single channel use for outbound broadcast and critical time of arrival applications. FACTORY CONFIGURATION BASE REMOTE Units Low Band High Band Tx Frequency Down Link (MHz))/CHANNEL 473/14 629/40 Rx Frequency Up Link (MHz)/CHANNEL 629/40 473/14 Tx Bandwidth (MHz) 5 5 Constellation 4 QAM (QPSK) 4 QAM (QPSK) Useful Data Rate (Mbps) 3.110 3.110 Full Duplex Rate 6.220 6.220 Code Rate (CR) 1/2 1/2 Guard Interval (GI) 1/4 1/4 Maximum Conducted Power Output (dBm) 20 20 EIRP (dBm) with 10.15 dBi antenna 30.15 30.15 PASSWORD RaptorXR RaptorXR 6-76-712 dBmTx Output Power to Antenna Adjusted to meet Maximum Allowable EIRP12 dBmFrom Page 8 of Test Report

[RAPTORXR USER MANUAL VERSION 1.10] May 2, 2017 22 | P a g e Theory of Operation 2.3.3 The RaptorXR system is a broadband full-duplex software-configurable radio capable of operating in the High VHF 174 to 216 MHz TV band or the UHF TV bands 470-698 MHz.  Platformed in a lightweight 19” 1U rack, the RaptorXR enables the network engineer to deliver penetrating broadband coverage to a wide range of backhaul and edge applications.  RaptorXR’s key performance element is the ultra-linear adaptive constellation digital modulator. The digital modulator converts the incoming IP packets into error-corrected data streams which are converted via a highly integrated software-controlled Tx subsystem into VHF or UHF digital waveforms. Figure 1.15 below illustrates the 5 MHz RaptorXR waveform used in domestic (US) White Space applications.  Ultra-Sensitive High-Dynamic Range Broadband Receiver RaptorXR’s proprietary broadband receiver technology optimizes operation in high signal urban and RF co-site areas, while providing operation over an 80 dB-dynamic range. In some cases, an external Rx filter may be required if operation is close to high power, adjacent channel TV transmitters.  Ultra-Linear Broadband UHF Amplifier RaptorXR’s Power Amplifier provides an ultra-clean low adjacent channel noise amplified signal to Raptor’s low loss UHF TV band Duplexer. The power amplifier’s efficiency allows the system designer to bond and aggregate channels to increase effective useful throughput and redundant link operation. FIGURE 1.A: 5 MHz Waveform and602and the 626 to 698 MHz spectrum.

[RAPTORXR USER MANUAL VERSION 1.10] May 2, 2017 23 | P a g e  Broadband UHF Duplexer Full-duplex wireless operation requires, at minimum, two simultaneous clear channels. In the RaptorXR one channel is called the Downlink Channel which provides a broadband link from the Base Station to the Remote Station, using channels in the low band segment of the duplexer. Conversely, the Remote Station (Uplink) communicates with the Base Station on high-band channels. Table 5, page 58 provides a table of the low band and high band channels. The high efficiency duplexer transitions from low band to high band in primarily unavailable channels.  Linux-Powered Multicore Network Processor The R1020 RaptorXR Network Processor provides the user/operator with multiple Ethernet and USB interfaces. The Ethernet interfaces are easily configured via Raptor’s internal web page. The USB ports can support a wide range of Linux-based applications. The RaptorXR is configured to support TP Links USB WiFi dongle. The R1020’s encryption core supports a wide range of open source encryption standards. Please contact Metric Systems for additional information on specific application requirements.

[RAPTORXR USER MANUAL VERSION 1.10] May 2, 2017 24 | P a g e The RaptorXR Hardware Suite 2.4The basic RaptorXR Hardware Suite consists of a Wireless Network Shelf and a Broadband Antenna  Network Shelf – combines the RaptorXR software defined radio with versatile software defined Network Processor and Network Interface Suite.  The RaptorXR Single Link White Space Channel Configuration includes one (1) RaptorXR Network Shelf containing the local network processor and a single channel white space VHF/UHF broadband radio. Figure 1.1 below shows user indicators, controls and physical interfaces of the Single Channel System. Figure 1.2 shows the rear view of a Single Channel stack. Network Processor StatusProcessor ResetNetwork Status Front Panel Navigation KeysFront Panel Status and Control PanelNetwork DiagnosticRS-232C Port USB 2.0 Ports10/100/1000Base-T RJ-45 interface Ports The front view ergonomics of all RaptorXR equipment are designed to provide the user and installer with a minimum set of indicators and controls to monitor, operate and maintain system operation following equipment registration. Figure 1.2 Single Link System (Front View) illustrating user indicators, controls and physical interfaces.

[RAPTORXR USER MANUAL VERSION 1.10] May 2, 2017 25 | P a g e Network Shelf Front Panel Descriptions 2.4.1ITEM DESCRIPTION/FUNCTION Front Panel Status and Control Panel Display and Navigation Keys Allows selection of available channels following valid registration process Allows setting of available power based on antenna type and transmission line loss Permits engaging of local or remote antenna-aiming application (See Chapter 3) System self-test Enables and displays results of local and remote equipment self-test Enables maintenance mode for depot equipment: calibration, diagnostics and repair. Password protected. Network Ports One (1) local LAN port (See Chapter 4) (10/100/1G) Two (2) WAN ports (See Chapter 4) (10/100/1G) Three (3) USB ports are powered to support 250 MHz from each port, if required. Indicates the RaptorXR is physically connected to an external network Ethernet line. Yellow and green LEDs indicate inbound and outbound Ethernet packets transmission. Network Diagnostic Port Password controlled for factory and certified professional use only. Network Processor Status: Blue (blinking) Indicates processor and internal components are operating Provides indication of local connectivity to its (possible) adjacent RaptorXR unit and to the core network gateway. Network Status Indicates the RaptorXR is connected to a valid IP network and can reach RaptorXR’s FCC database site.

[RAPTORXR USER MANUAL VERSION 1.10] May 2, 2017 26 | P a g e Processor Reset Processor reset performs a warm reboot on the network processor and TV band transceiver.

[RAPTORXR USER MANUAL VERSION 1.10] May 2, 2017 27 | P a g e RaptorXR Single Link (Rear Views) 2.4.2 RaptorXR Single Link System (Rear Views) 2.4.3 RaptorXR Single Link Diversity System (Rear Views) 2.4.4 NETWORK SHELF ITEM DESCRIPTION J1:Power Input DC Input: 12 and 28 V DC J3:RF Tx/Rx Port Tx/Rx Antenna Type N Female Dual Exhaust Fans Keep Clear & Clean NETWORK SHELF ITEM DESCRIPTION J1:Power Input DC Input: 12 and 28 V DC J3:RF Tx/Rx Port Tx/Rx Antenna Figure 1.3 Single Link System (Rear View) Figure 1.4 Single Link Diversity System (Rear View)

[RAPTORXR USER MANUAL VERSION 1.10] May 2, 2017 28 | P a g e RaptorXR Dual Link Relay Configuration 2.4.5A Dual Link RaptorXR System is configured by adding an additional Network Shelf... Each independent Shelf contains one VHF or UHF White Space Tx/Rx unit. 2.4.5.1 Benefits of Dual Link System (See Figure 1.6) Use of the Dual Link System provides the following system benefits and capabilities:  Increased link throughput capacity; nearly twice the rate of a single channel link  Fault-tolerant point-to-point link protection; connection is maintained in the event of a channel propagation failure or a hardware failure  Spatial frequency and diversity  Wide area multiple sector point-to-multipoint networks  Back-to-back add-and-drop relay nodes for low latency long range relay chains Figure 1.6 Dual Link System Type N Female J5 RF Tx/Rx Port Tx/Rx Antenna Type N Female Air Intake and Exhaust Ports Keep Clear & Clean Figure 1.5 RaptorXR Dual Link System (Front View) Full-Duplex Link 1Full-Duplex Link 2RaptorXR WS Digital Radio Site 1Base Station 1RaptorXR WS Digital Radio Site 2Remote Station 1 Local LAN / SubnetRemote Station 2Base Station 2Link Aggregation Switch

[RAPTORXR USER MANUAL VERSION 1.10] May 2, 2017 29 | P a g e RaptorXR Dual Link System using Channel Expansion Shelf Interfaces 2.4.6 CHANNEL EXPANSION INTERFACES DESCRIPTION J1 DC Power Input- Mil-style DC input from Power Supply J3 RF Tx/Rx Output Tx/Rx Antenna, Type N Female Air Intake and Exhaust Ports Keep clean and clear Figure 1.7 RaptorXR Dual Link System (Rear View)

[RAPTORXR USER MANUAL VERSION 1.10] May 2, 2017 30 | P a g e

[RAPTORXR USER MANUAL VERSION 1.10] May 2, 2017 31 | P a g e 3 GETTING STARTED Implementing a RaptorXR or network consists of three inter-related stages:  DESIGN o Selecting operating channels via an FCC approved data base. (See below and page o Analytically validating that an operating link can be established (See page  DEPLOYMENT o Locally registering and verifying RaptorXR operation (See page o Deploy RaptorXRs to respective sites (Base or relay) o Setting the RaptorXR link to an operational full-duplex rate. (See page  COMMISSIONING o Testing the effectiveness of a link with actual data is possible with RaptorXR’s embedded video server. o Accessible via RaptorXR’s web page, streaming videos at various payload rates can be selected, transmitted and monitored for path effectiveness. EXAMPLE 3.1This section describes the basics of setting up a Point-to-Point RaptorXR link. The example uses actual locations and path design. For your particular application use local GPS coordinates. This process will allow you to set up and confirm system operation prior to deployment. It is assumed that all RaptorXR equipment, antennas and support accessories are available. Mobile IP is a free radio link design application. It uses recently digitized topographic maps with land coverage. STEP 1: Selecting available White Space Channels (examples of GPS coordinates) Using Google spectrum database: https://www.google.com/get/spectrumdatabase/index.html STATION 1: Location: Pine Creek, MT Latitude: 45.52N Longitude -110.6253  Channels Available (total): 21 (126 MHz)  VHF High Band:  UHF: 14,15,16,17,18,30,31,32,33,34,35,43,44,48,49,50,51 STATION 2: Location: Carbella, MT Latitude: 45.25582N Longitude: -110.802

[RAPTORXR USER MANUAL VERSION 1.10] May 2, 2017 32 | P a g e  Channels Available (total): 25 (150 MHz)  VHF High Band: 7,12  UHF Channels: 14,15,16,17,25,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,43,33,48,49,50,51 In this example the range between sites is 20 miles (32 mm). The Google database indicates VHF High Band channels available at Carbella, but not at Pine Crest. We will choose the lowest UHF channel available in the UHF low band spectrum (channels 14-35) and the lowest available high band channel (channels 39-51). From the database we will select Tx channel 14 for the Carbella to Pinecrest link; And channel 42 for the uplink channel from Pinecrest to Carbella. The figures below show the path statistics between each station: Key System Parameters are: Point-to-Point Range: 32.55 km/20.35 miles Tx EIRP Power: 3.55 Watts (35.5 dBm EIRP) (Maximum 4 Watts, 36 dBm EIRP) Predicted Rx Signal Level: 70.7 dBm (using Langley-Rice model) Projected Full-Duplex Data Rate: 30 mbps Minimum Required Antenna Height: Pinecrest: 50 feet; Carbella: 40 feet

[RAPTORXR USER MANUAL VERSION 1.10] May 2, 2017 34 | P a g e 4 Accessing VHF/UHF TV Band Spectrum See Figure 1.7, Registering the RaptorXR, which shows the registration configuration of a RaptorXR connected to the internet. The RaptorXR only becomes operational when successfully registered with the RaptorXR’s designated FCC certified database provider, Spectrum Bridge http://whitespaces.spectrumbridge.com/whitespaces/home.aspx Each domestic (U.S.) RaptorXR has been registered for one (1) year with Spectrum Bridge. It is the operator’s responsibility to assure continued registration, either directly with a certified database provider or through an MSC Service Plan. To access the Registration page insert the IP address: 192.168.1.1 into your 4.1web browser/URL line. Insert required device and location information. Click Registration. 4.2 Upon a successful registration a list of available White Space channels will 4.3be returned. Select the appropriate TV channel to complete registration and activate the 4.4Tx subsystem of the RaptorXR. The remaining sections will describe in detail the Registration process. The 4.5RaptorXR Database Registration Engine will automatically validate and re-register the unit every 24 hours.

[RAPTORXR USER MANUAL VERSION 1.10] May 2, 2017 35 | P a g e 5 RaptorXR Network Design Process This section describes the process and tools required to design a RaptorXR White Space network. Intermediate steps common to all professional radio system deployment will be left to the professional designer and installer. The major new elements in designing with White Space spectrum are: Operating Channel Selection via an on-line secure database 5.1 Need to evaluate and predict link performance using an RF 5.2System Planning application, e.g. Pathlink 5 or Radio Mobile. RaptorXR certified radios, as shipped, are not pre-configured to 5.3operate at any channel. The radios per FCC, Part 15 Subpart H Rules must be successfully registered via the internet with a certified FCC Database Provider. Metric Systems Corporation has contracted with Spectrum Bridge.com (http://Spectrum Bridge.com/spectrum-mgmt/white-spaces/index.html )for this service. Tools Needed: 5.4 Access to internet  Site parameters, i.e. GPS coordinates, intended Antenna Height  Spectrum or Signal Analyzer  PC or mobile device with appropriate browser.

[RAPTORXR USER MANUAL VERSION 1.10] May 2, 2017 36 | P a g e Step 1:DETERMINE LAT/LONG 5.5 Determine as accurately as possible the latitude and longitude of each probable antenna site. Use these coordinates on the Google Spectrum Data Base https://www.google.com/get/spectrumdatabase/index.html to determine available White space channels at the site of each planned White Space antenna.  Enter latitude and longitude, along with device type. Fixed for RaptorXR and maximum antenna height, 30 meters (98.4 feet). Click search for available channels.  You will be provided with all available channels for that site. Site Latitude Longitude # of Available Channels (excluding Channels 2-6) Available Hi Band VHF Channels Available UHF Channels Greenleaf, WI 44.31356 -88.09611 20 7-9, 13 14-19,32-35,44-47,51 McKenzie County, ND 47.77910 -103.41576 34 13 16-35,39-51 Reno, NV 39.53087 -119.81390 4 10,11 39,41 Kuparuk Oil Field, AL 70.05186 -150.06762 42 7-13 14-35,39-51 Permian Basin, TX 31.93900 -102.2276 12 11-13 14,16,28,34,44,45,47,48 Table 1: Example of Available Channels per Google White Space Database

[RAPTORXR USER MANUAL VERSION 1.10] May 2, 2017 37 | P a g e Figure 1.11 https://www.google.com/get/spectrumdatabase/index.html Step 2: Selecting Available Channels to Use (using an RF Planning 5.6Tool) Several general guidelines should be used here:  Choose a channel/frequency (see frequency chart) that will provide you with sufficient signal and fade margin to provide 99% worst case reliability expectation over the path and range in which you will operate.  RaptorXR uses an adaptive modulation process that works to maximize data throughput for a range of Rx signal levels vs local noise levels.  Radio Mobile, a semi-professional RF planning tool, can be downloaded from http://www.cplus.org/rmw/english1.html. It is ideal for nearly all RF planning. If you find it of value, please contribute.

[RAPTORXR USER MANUAL VERSION 1.10] May 2, 2017 38 | P a g e Step 3: Manually Setting Full Duplex Data Rate 5.7The shipped default Useful Data Rate (UDR) of all RaptorXR radios is 3.110 mbps per link direction (half-duplex) or 6.220 mbps full-duplex. The RaptorXR has the capability of providing a high-end rate of 39.586 mbps full-duplex. The Useful Data Rate (UDR) is a two- step process: 1. Using the Front Panel or the SafariView radio control page (see Fig…..) Select: New Modulation Waveform Code Rate and GI parameters. The local transmitter will automatically enable the remote Rx to sync to the higher (lower) rate. 2. If you are satisfied with resulting operation click, Apply: and the new rate will be “locked” for that link direction. The reverse link can be remotely modified. It is not necessary that each link have the same rate. To maintain link reliability the RaptorXR uses an AI algorithm which monitors channel C/N. If the algorithm senses the channel performance degrading it will attempt to maintain communication by first increasing power, lowering transmission rate, automatically moving to a new preassigned channel or entering into a channel scan mode to discover a suitable pre-available channel. 5 MHz Useful Data Rates per Waveform, Code Rate (CR) and Guard Interval (GI) settings 6 MHz Useful Data Rates per Waveform, Code Rate (CR) and Guard Interval (GI) settings7 MHz Useful Data Rates per Waveform, Code Rate (CR) and Guard Interval (GI) settings 8 MHz Useful Data Rates per Waveform, Code Rate (CR) and Guard Interval (GI) settings8 MHz Useful Data Rates 7 MHz Useful Data Rates 5 MHz Useful Data Rates 6 MHz Useful Data Rates RaptorXR Single Channel Useful Data Rates as a Function of Code Rate (CR) and Group Interval SettingFor full-Duplex Useful Rate add up-link and down link rates;e.g. Up-link Rate 3.110 Mbps (QPSK, CR=½,GI=¼,Down-link Rate 5.184 Mbps (QPSK, CR=¾,GI=1/8)Total Full-Duplex Rate: 8.394 Mbps Note Rate can vary a few percent due to signal-path, Processor andf Traffic LoadTable 2: Single Channel Useful Data Rates as a Function of Code Rate and Group Interval Setting

[RAPTORXR USER MANUAL VERSION 1.10] May 2, 2017 39 | P a g e NOTE 1: Quasi Error Free (QEF) means less than one uncorrected error event per hour, corresponding to BER = 10-11 NOTE 2: The net bit rates after Reed-Solomon decoder are also listed. Required C/ N for BER = 2 x 10-4 after Viterbi QEF after Reed-Solomon Bitrate (Mbit/s) Bandwidth = 5 MHz Guard Interval Modulation Code Rate Gaussian Channel Ricean Channel (F1) Rayleigh Channel (P1) 1/4 1/8 1/16 1/32 QPSK 1/2 3.1 3.6 5.4 3.110 3.456 3.659 3.770 QPSK 2/3 4.9 5.7 8.4 4.147 4.608 4.879 5.027 QPSK 3/4 5.9 6.8 10.7 4.665 5.184 5.489 5.655 QPSK 5/6 6.9 8.0 13.1 5.184 5.760 6.099 6.283 QPSK 7/8 7.7 8.7 16.3 5.443 6.048 6.404 6.598 16 -QAM 1/2 8.8 9.6 11.2 6.221 6.912 7.318 7.540 16 -QAM 2/3 11.1 11.6 14.2 8.294 9.216 9.758 10.053 16 -QAM 3/4 12.5 13.0 16.7 9.331 10.368 10.958 11.310 16 -QAM 5/6 13.5 14.4 19.3 10.368 11.520 12.197 12.567 16 -QAM 7/8 13.9 15.0 22.8 10.868 12.096 12.807 13.195 64-QAM 1/2 14.4 14.7 16.0 9.331 10.368 10.978 11.310 64-QAM 2/3 16.5 17.1 19.3 12.441 13.824 14.367 15.080 64-QAM 3/4 18.0 18.6 21.7 13.996 15.551 16.466 16.965 64-QAM 5/6 19.3 20.0 25.3 15.551 17.279 18.296 18.850 64-QAM 7/8 20.1 21.0 27.9 16.329 18.143 19.211 19.793 Table 3: Carrier to Noise (C/N) vs Useful Data Rate and Minimum Signal Required

[RAPTORXR USER MANUAL VERSION 1.10] May 2, 2017 40 | P a g e System Margin Examples 5.8 Link Budget Calculation 5.9 Link Budget Calculation Down Link (Base to Remote) Up Link (Remote to Base) 1. Operating Frequency ( MHz): Operating Frequency ( MHz): 2. Tx Power (dBm): Tx Power (dBm): 3. Transmission System Loss Transmission System Loss  EMP Protector:  Coax Cable Loss:  Connector Loss:  EMP Protector:  Coax Cable Loss:  Connector Loss: 4. Antenna Gain (dBi): Antenna Gain (dBi): 5. Tx EIRP (dBm): Tx EIRP (dBm): Down Link Path Loss Up Link Path Loss  Range Miles:  Range Miles:  Path Loss PL = 36.6 + 20 log (F MHz) + 20 log (d miles)  Path Loss PL = 36.6 + 20 log (F MHz) + 20 log (d miles) Up Link Rx Power Downlink Rx Power Rx = Tx EIRP + Rx Ant Gain – Path Loss Rx = Tx EIRP + Rx Ant Gain – Path Loss Rx signal must be greater than minimum signal (as required in 5.9 System Margin Table) System Margin ExamplesRaptorXR VHF or UHF White Space TransmitterVHF or UHF AntennnaVHF or UHF AntennnaTransmission System(Transmission Line, EMP Device, Connectors)Path Loss  Frequency Attenuation Fading, etc. RangeRaptorXR VHF or UHF White Space Digital ReceiverMaximum Conductive Tx Power (6 MHz) dBm: VHF: 25 dBm UHF26 dBmTypical Transmission System Loss Parameters Connectorized 50 ‘ of LMR 600 @ VHF: .55 dB @ UHF: 1.0 dB  Connectorized 100’ of LMR 600: @ VHF: 1.1 dB @ UHF: 2.0 dB  EMP Protector: .75 dBTransmission System(Transmission Line, EMP Device, Connectors)Site 1Site 2Nominal White Space Antenna Parameters VHF Antenna Gain: 6 dBi Directional Dipole with Reflector UHF High Directivity Antenna Gain: 17.15 dBiSee Table for Minimum Usable Signal Level per Band and WaveformTx EIRP dBmMinimum Rx Signal (dBm) Required for Waveform10.15

[RAPTORXR USER MANUAL VERSION 1.10] May 2, 2017 41 | P a g e VHF Example: System Gain and Margin calculations  VHF @ Channel 8, 183 MHz  PEIRP = Po (dBm) + VHF Tx antenna gain (6 dBi) = 31 dBm  Rx Antenna gain: 6 dBi, Rx System sensitivity: -104 dBm  VHF system gain @ 183 MHz= 31 dBm + 6 dBi + -104 dBm = 141 dB @ QPSK; o CR: ½; GI: 1/8, FFT = 8K  System at each site introduces a 2 dB loss; SG = 141 – 4 dB = 137 dB  Path with loss of 125.0 dB provides an excess system margin of 12 dB.  The Radio Mobile program indicates a 4 dB margin with the ability to take into consideration multipath, environmental effects and Tx/Rx antenna height. Figure 1.12 VHF System Gain and Margin

[RAPTORXR USER MANUAL VERSION 1.10] May 2, 2017 42 | P a g e UHF Example: System Gain and Margin Calculations:  UHF @ Channel 46, 665 MHz  PEIRP = Po (dBm) + UHF Tx antenna gain (10.15 dBi) = 36 EIRP dBM  Rx antenna gain: 10.15 dBi; Rx system sensitivity for 64 QAM: 100.4 dBm o CR = ½; GI = 1/8; FFT: 8K  UHF System Gain @ 665 MHz = 36 EIRP dBm (Tx radiated power) + 10.15 dBi (Rx antenna gain) + -100.4 = 146.55 dB  Let us say additional losses from system implementation, environmental and multipath characteristics degrade the system margin by 6 dB, yielding an estimated margin of 140.5 dB.  Again, using Radio Mobile (see Figure ) a 131.4 dB propagation loss is predicted over a 26.2 km (16.375 mi) path over a deciduous broadleaf forest.  Thus system margin is: o System Gain – Propagation Loss = System Margin o 140.5 dB – 131.4 dB = 9.1 dB This is the minimum acceptable one-way system margin. An additional _____dB of Rx margin can be achieved with the PR-TV ParaReflector Antenna. Figure 1.13 UHF System Gain and Margin

[RAPTORXR USER MANUAL VERSION 1.10] May 2, 2017 43 | P a g e System Margin Table 5.10TABLE 4: SYSTEM MARGIN TABLE RaptorXR Single Channel VHF/UHF Radio System (5 MHz CR: 1/2 GI: 1/4) Tx Band width (MHz) Tx Wave-form UHF/ VHF Bands Tx Freq. MHz Min Required Rx Power (dBm)1 System Gain (dB)* Req C/N (dB) Useful Data Rate (Mbps) Full Duplex Rate Code Rate (CR) Guard Interval (GI) Number of OFDM Carriers (FFT) 5 QPSK VHF 183 -104.0 141.0 3.1 3.110 6.220 1/2 1/4 8K 5 QPSK UHF 473 -105.2 158.4 3.1 3.110 6.220 1/2 1/4 8K 5 QPSK UHF 656 -105.4 158.6 3.1 3.110 6.220 1/2 1/4 8K 5 16QAM VHF 183 -99.5 136.5 9.1 6.221 12.442 1/2 1/4 8K 5 16QAM UHF 473 -105.2 158.4 9.1 6.221 12.442 1/2 1/4 8K 5 16QAM UHF 656 -105.6 158.8 8.8 6.221 12.442 1/2 1/4 8K 5 64QAM VHF 183 -104.7 141.7 13.7 9.331 18.662 1/2 1/4 8K 5 64QAM UHF 473 -100.7 153.9 14.1 9.331 18.662 1/2 1/4 8K 5 64QAM UHF 656 -100.4 153.6 13.6 9.331 18.662 1/2 1/4 8K 5 64QAM VHF 183 -86.2 133.35 20.1 19.793 39.586 7/8 1/32 8K 5 64QAM UHF 473 -92.0 145.15 20.0 19.793 39.586 7/8 1/32 8K 5 64QAM UHF 656 -94.0 147.0 20.0 19.793 39.586 7/8 1/32 8K *UHF TX = EIRP 36 dBm; Rx Ant: 17.15 dBi; VHF = EIRP 31 dBm; Rx Ant: 6dBi NOTES: 5.10.1• System Gain = Tx EIRP (Far End dBm) - minimum sensitivity for QEF BER of 10-11 + Rx Antenna-gain dBi • Nominal VHF conductive output power of 25 dBm with a nominal 6 dB Tx and Rx directional gain antenna for an EIRP of 31 dBm. • Nominal UHF conductive output power of 26 dBm with a 10 dBi antenna • QEF = Quasi error-free means less than one uncorrected error event per hour corresponding to BER = 10-11 • Effective Tx Antenna system gain and Rx Antenna System gain are adjustable. For example: If one is using a 15 dBd (17.15 dBi) Directional Antenna, upon registration and selection of this antenna the spectrum database will determine whether to limit EIRP power to either 36 dBm EIRP or 40 dBM EIRP (22.85 dBm). The RaptorXR will compensate for inline transmission losses. Thus on the Tx channel, maximum power limits are observed, but the Rx is using the full antenna gain, in this case 17.15 dBi. 1 Actual sensitivity is affected by local in-band and adjacent channel noise. A 10 dB margin on all links is recommended for sustainable reliability.

[RAPTORXR USER MANUAL VERSION 1.10] May 2, 2017 44 | P a g e Antennas 5.11The RaptorXR is certified to operate with the following VHF and UHF antennas to fit various deployment scenarios. When you register the RaptorXR you will be required to include on the Registration Application the chosen antenna, including the height and latitude and longitude center. This information will be used to automatically configure the RaptorXR to provide peak link performance. (See Section 6.2 for antenna details.)  VHF –TV Panel Antenna -174-230 MHz (P/N AVPA230)  UHF-TV Log Periodic Antenna 470-862 MHz (P/N AUPE 862)  UHF High Gain Semi-Parabolic Antenna - 470-862 MHz (P/N AUPRTV862) Rx mode only. Tx automatically limited to EIRP of 36 dBm.  UHF- Corner Reflector Sector Antenna – 470-800 MHz ( P/N ARS800EU) Transmission System (Transmission Line + EMP Protectors) 5.12 We recommend that a Low-Loss LMR-600 coaxial cable with waterproof connectors be used. K523157)CL 1469B)

[RAPTORXR USER MANUAL VERSION 1.10] May 2, 2017 45 | P a g e 6 RaptorXR Data Base Registration and Channel Selection Procedure This guide supports pre-deployment procedure required of RaptorXR VHF/UHF Radio Units for proper registration with the Spectrum Bridge Database to comply with FCC: CFR47 PART 15 SUBPART H Database Registration Requirements. FCC rules require that all White Space radios securely access an FCC-certified database via the internet to verify channel availability. In this instruction, RaptorXR units designated as a “BASE” have a direct connection to the internet. Units described as a “REMOTE” do not have a direct connection to the internet, thus require a secure radio link to a “BASE” in order to access the internet. The “BASE” provides secure routing services to transport traffic to and from the internet for the “REMOTE” unit. Both the BASE and the REMOTE units need to be independently registered prior to channel assignment and/or site deployment. Sections 3.4 to 3.11 provide detailed descriptions of FCC requirements and RaptorXR set up and registration procedures.

[RAPTORXR USER MANUAL VERSION 1.10] May 2, 2017 46 | P a g e Configuration and Registration Instructions Prior to Deployment 6.1 Setup the units as illustrated in Figure 1.5A. The registration process requires that 6.1.1RaptorXR units be setup together and connectivity be established between the two units. If required, individual units can be configured and tested separately. When configuring the REMOTE units, FCC requires that it be permanently connected to a BASE station via a virtual radio link. REMOTE units require a temporary direct connection to the internet to be independently registered prior to operation or testing. Once the units are setup per Figure 1.5A,.apply power to both units and to any additional 6.1.2required equipment (e.g. laptop, switches, routers, spectrum analyzer, etc.). Allow all equipment to fully boot and enter normal operation. At a minimum, please allow all equipment to stabilize for 15-30 minutes. Use the Spectrum Bridge website to determine the available channels each deployment 6.1.3site. Establish an internet connection to the desktop or laptop pc. Open an internet browser window. Type the following URL in the search bar and press enter: http://whitespaces.spectrumbridge.com/whitespaces/home.aspx Click the “Enter Location” button on the bottom left of the page. A window will open for 6.1.4you to enter the proposed antenna coordinates and click the Apply button. A new map of the requested area opens and the available channels are shown on the right side of the page. Record the site coordinates and desired available operating channel on the Raptor XR 6.1.5Radio Configuration Worksheet. Do this for each unit that is to be configured. A REMOTE unit’s Tx channel must be available at both the BASE and REMOTE locations. Multiple BASE and REMOTE radio units need to be independently registered each at their independent deployment locations. Disconnect the temporary internet connection from the desktop or laptop pc and 6.1.6reconnect to each respective RaptorXR as shown in Figure 1.5A. Configure each RaptorXR Unit for operation by opening a browser window on the desktop 6.1.7or laptop pc that is connected as described in the Setup Diagram. If registering a REMOTE unit connect a temporary internet connection as described in the setup diagram. Type the units IP address in the search bar and hit enter. This will take you to the RaptorXR Radio browser page.

[RAPTORXR USER MANUAL VERSION 1.10] May 2, 2017 48 | P a g e Procedure for Unregistering a RaptorXR and Relocating to Another 6.2Location TVBD Units are only authorized to operate at a specific geo-location using available data 6.2.1base channels. To relocate a Unit to another location you must first unregister the Unit. This requires the Unit be directly connected to the internet. See setup diagram in Figure 1.12A, Follow steps 3.1.7 thru 3.1.10 described above to navigate to the TVBD Configuration 6.2.2page. The TVBD page will automatically detect current registration and available channels. Scroll down to the bottom of the page and click “ UNREGISTER DEVICE”. The Unit will now unregister itself from the FCC Database. Once successfully unregistered, the device will automatically turn off the associated radio. At the new location enter the NEW location coordinates and any other information that 6.2.3has changed pertaining to the NEW location (i.e. antenna height, gain, transmission line loss). Verify all other information is correctly filled in then click the REGISTER DEVICE button at the bottom of the page. Select the new operating channel from the available channel list when prompted. The Unit is now registered to a new location and channel. Activate the radio by clicking APPLY CHANGES in the radio information box. Be sure 6.2.4to select YES in the ENABLE RADIO field and select the START RADIO ON STARTUP option before clicking APPLY CHANGES. The Unit will now begin normal operation on the new channel and location. 6.2.5 If the Unit is equipped with a second radio then repeat steps 3.2.2 thru 3.2.5 selecting the 6.2.6TVBD2 tab this time from TVBD drop down menu. Repeat the Unit Relocation Instructions for additional Radio Units. 6.2.7

[RAPTORXR USER MANUAL VERSION 1.10] May 2, 2017 50 | P a g e Figure 1.14Set Up Configuration for Registration Site 1Base Station 1Site 2Remote Station 1Internet Internet50 Ohm Dummy Load for Testing50 Ohm Dummy Load for TestingSwitch

[RAPTORXR USER MANUAL VERSION 1.10] May 2, 2017 51 | P a g e The RaptorXR TV Band Device (TVBD) has two status modes: 6.4“Unregistered” and “Registered”. When valid registration settings are detected 6.4.1an attempt is made to load the configuration. Upon successfully loading, an automatic check is performed to determine the mode (see definitions below) and that the appropriate form fields are displayed for the proper mode. Unregistered mode: 6.5All fields (excluding address 2) under Device, Location, Contact, and Registrant must be completed with valid information (see pg. 7). Once completed the device must be registered by clicking the ‘Register Device’ button. If an error is detected registration will fail and a notification with the appropriate error(s) will be shown. In the event of an error the device will stand-by for correct input before successfully switching to registered mode. Registered mode: 6.6 Upon successful registration, a list of available white space channels is returned in the “Channel List” drop-down menu and the device prompts to select a channel. When a channel has been selected the device does an additional check with the FCC database to ensure it is still available and proceeds with the channel registration. At any point the user may choose to refresh the ‘Available Channel’ list or ‘Unregister’ the device by clicking the desired button. Radio Transmission: 6.7After successfully registering a radio to a channel frequency the final step is to enable radio transmission. To do so, fill out all input fields under the Radio Information and set Enable Radio to the Yes Option. If the device should enable the radio on startup, check the appropriate box as well. Click the ‘Apply Changes’ button to commence RaptorXR radio operations

[RAPTORXR USER MANUAL VERSION 1.10] May 2, 2017 52 | P a g e To change any information after registration 6.8the device must first be in the unregistered state. To do so, simply click the Unregister button.

[RAPTORXR USER MANUAL VERSION 1.10] May 2, 2017 53 | P a g e Completing the RaptorXR Registration Form 6.9 When filling out the fields to register the RaptorXR they are automatically scanned for errors2 when attempting to register the device. If any errors are caught they are displayed and marked along with the appropriate error message. Below is an example of some errors as well as a brief explanation of what to enter for each field. 1 – Error Descriptions 1. Syntax – Invalid characters appear or the format is wrong 2. Out of Bounds – Input is not in the correct range (too high or too low) 3. NIL Input - No Input in a field 4. Channel Registration – The TV channel is not valid for registration 5. Device Registration – Registration failed 6. Radio Registration – The radio settings were not successfully applied Figure 1.15 RaptorXR Registration Form

[RAPTORXR USER MANUAL VERSION 1.10] May 2, 2017 54 | P a g e Registering the RaptorXR 6.10 Access Registration Page via Web Browser @ 192.168.1.1Installer/maintenance contact informationTo access available channels, provide deployment site locationProvide basic site deployment informationClick to complete registrationA list of available channels will be providedFigure 1.16 RaptorXR Registration Configuration Set-UpRaptorX ID set at factoryRaptorXR Network ControllerConnection to the networkSecure link transparent to userBasic radio network information; factory default information shownSets channel availability refresh rateOwner of RaptorX equipmentUnregisters device for RaptorX relocation and/or servicingCertified FCC Database

$[RAPTORXR USER MANUAL VERSION 1.10] May 2, 2017 55 | P a g e [DEVICE] 6.10.1 Radio: The device radio number | This is locked into the RaptorXR at manufacture FCCID: The device FCC ID | This is locked into the RaptorXR at manufacture Serial Number: The device serial number | This is locked into RaptorXR at manufacture Antenna Gain: The antenna gain power (dBi/dBd) | Expected: [-15, 15] Transmission Line Loss: Measured transmission line loss (dB) | Expected: [0, 10] Antenna height above ground level (HAGL): (m) | Expected [0, 30] EIRP: The Effective Isotropic Radiated Power output | Locked into RaptorXR , MAX=36 [LOCATION] 6.10.2Latitude: The latitude up to six decimal places (degrees) | Expected: [-90, 90] Longitude: The longitude up to six decimal places (degrees) | Expected: [-180, 180] Channel List: The list of available TV channels | Determined by geolocation [RADIO] 6.10.3 Status: The radio status | Will display ‘Up’ or ‘Down’ dependent on operation mode SSID: The broadcast SSID | Accepts all characters except [ ><&\”=/ ] IP Address: The radio IP Address Broadcast Address: The radio Broadcast Address Subnet mask: The radio subnet mask [CONTACT/REGISTRANT] 6.10.4*The contact form information should be that of the owner of the device. *The registrant form information should be that of the installer’s for troubleshooting. *The contact and registrant can be the same in some cases *Fill out the forms with the appropriate corresponding label information. No special cases. [MISC] 6.10.5Refresh Interval: How often the registered channel and list of available channels are checked for availability (refreshed). Recommended period: 5 minutes Enable Radio: Enable or disable the corresponding radio unit; either Radio 1 or Radio 2 Startup?: Enable or disable the corresponding radio unit when the device starts up (If enabled, the RaptorXR will begin sending beacon packets to alert other RaptorXR nodes operating on a common channel within the network.) Get Available Channels: Refreshes the list of available TVBD channels Register Device: Uses the information to register the RaptorXR Unregister Device: Unregisters the RaptorXR$